FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Baasandorj, T Ohm, JB Simsek, S AF Baasandorj, Tsogtbayar Ohm, Jae-Bom Simsek, Senay TI Effect of Dark, Hard, and Vitreous Kernel Content on Protein Molecular Weight Distribution and on Milling and Breadmaking Quality Characteristics for Hard Spring Wheat Samples from Diverse Growing Regions SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; BREAD WHEATS; RED; ENDOSPERM; QUANTITY AB Kernel vitreousness is an important grading characteristic for segregation of subclasses of hard red spring (HRS) wheat in the United States. This research investigated the protein molecular weight distribution (MWD) and the flour and baking quality characteristics of different HRS wheat market subclasses. The U. S. regional crop quality survey samples obtained from six regions for three consecutive growing years were used for subclass segregation based on the dark, hard, and vitreous (DHV) kernel percentage. Flour milled from HRS wheat with greater percentages of DHV kernel showed higher water absorption capacity for breadmaking. Protein MWD parameters could be related to the association between DHV kernel level and water absorption. Specifically, flour protein fractions rich in gliadins and high-molecular-weight polymeric proteins in the SDS-unextractable fraction were identified to have significant and positive correlations with both DHV kernels and flour water absorption levels. An example further showed the importance of flour water absorption on potential economic incentives that can be gained with having a greater percentage of vitreous kernels. This information could help the flour milling and baking industry to segregate the different subclasses of HRS wheat with varying DHV content for their intended end-use applications. C1 [Baasandorj, Tsogtbayar; Simsek, Senay] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, POB 6050.Dept 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Ohm, Jae-Bom] N Dakota State Univ, Hard Red Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab, Cereal Crops Res Unit, USDA ARS, Harris Hall, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Simsek, S (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, POB 6050.Dept 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM senay.simsek@ndsu.edu NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 92 IS 6 BP 570 EP 577 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-12-14-0249-R PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA DB4UP UT WOS:000368509400006 ER PT J AU de la Pena, E Ohm, JB Simsek, S Manthey, FA AF de la Pena, Elena Ohm, Jae-Bom Simsek, Senay Manthey, Frank A. TI Physicochemical Changes in Nontraditional Pasta During Cooking SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FLAXSEED PROTEINS; POLYMERIC PROTEIN; SPAGHETTI; FLOUR; QUALITY; SEMOLINA; STARCH; ARABINOXYLANS; TEMPERATURE AB Physicochemical changes in the components of nontraditional spaghetti during cooking were reflected in the quality of the cooked product. Spaghetti formulations used were semolina (100%), whole wheat flour (100%), semolina/whole wheat flour (49: 51), semolina/flaxseed flour (90: 10), whole wheat flour/flaxseed flour (90: 10), and semolina/whole wheat flour/flaxseed flour (39: 51: 10). Spaghetti quality was determined as cooking loss, cooked weight, and cooked firmness. Physicochemical analyses included total starch, starch damage, pasting properties, and protein quality and quantity of the flour mixes and spaghetti cooked for 0, 2, 4, 10, and 18 min. As cooking time progressed, total starch content decreased up to 5.7% units, starch damage increased up to 11.7% units, and both pasting parameters and protein solubility decreased significantly in all six formulations. Changes in the starch damage level, total starch content, and pasting properties of spaghetti correlated significantly (P < 0.05) with the cooking loss, cooked weight, and cooked firmness values recorded for the spaghetti. High levels of glutenin polymers and low levels of the albumin and globulin fractions were associated with low cooking losses and cooked weight and with high cooked firmness, indicating the involvement of these proteins in the cooked quality of nontraditional spaghetti. C1 [de la Pena, Elena; Simsek, Senay; Manthey, Frank A.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, POB 6050,Dept 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Ohm, Jae-Bom] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Hard Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab, POB 6050,Dept 7640,214 Harris Hall, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Manthey, FA (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, POB 6050,Dept 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM frank.manthey@ndsu.edu NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 92 IS 6 BP 578 EP 587 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-01-15-0014-R PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA DB4UP UT WOS:000368509400007 ER PT J AU Bryant, RJ Yeater, KM McClung, AM AF Bryant, Rolfe J. Yeater, Kathleen M. McClung, Anna M. TI Effect of Nitrogen Rate and the Environment on Physicochemical Properties of Selected High-Amylose Rice Cultivars SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE; WAXY GENE HAPLOTYPES; FINE-STRUCTURE; VISCOSITY CHARACTERISTICS; GERMPLASM COLLECTION; COOKING PROPERTIES; KERNEL DEVELOPMENT; PASTING VISCOSITY; GRAIN QUALITY AB Genetic marker haplotypes for the Waxy and alk genes are associated with amylose content and gelatinization temperature, respectively, and are used by breeders to develop rice cultivars that have physicochemical properties desired by the parboiling and canning industries. Cultivars that provide consistent processing quality across diverse production environments are important to the industry. This study determined if measures of processing quality differed among cultivars, fertility treatments, and production environments. Nine cultivars having high amylose content (> 23.0%) but with different Waxy and alk haplotypes were evaluated in three environments and using three nitrogen fertility levels. Although environment and fertility levels significantly (P < 0.05) impacted protein content, gelatinization temperatures, and peak, trough, and final paste viscosities, cultivars performed consistently across production environments and fertility applications. Differences were observed among cultivars in paste viscosity measures and gelatinization temperatures that corresponded with their Waxy and alk haplotypes. However, discriminant analysis revealed subgroupings within the same Waxy and alk haplotypes that were primarily differentiated by trough paste viscosity. The results of this study demonstrated that although these high-amylose cultivars had consistent ranking across environments and nitrogen fertility regimes, there were differences in rice processing quality traits that were not apparent from their Waxy and alk haplotypes. C1 [Bryant, Rolfe J.; McClung, Anna M.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, 2890 Hwy 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Yeater, Kathleen M.] ARS, USDA, Plains Area, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP McClung, AM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, 2890 Hwy 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM anna.mcclung@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 92 IS 6 BP 604 EP 610 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-02-15-0035-R PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA DB4UP UT WOS:000368509400010 ER PT J AU Casler, MD Vogel, KP Harrison, M AF Casler, Michael D. Vogel, Kenneth P. Harrison, Melanie TI Switchgrass Germplasm Resources SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID PANICUM VIRGATUM L; X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; PLANT ADAPTATION REGIONS; LOWLAND SWITCHGRASS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; BIOMASS YIELD; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOTYPIC VARIATION; CHLOROPLAST DNA; SSR MARKERS AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important native grass and dominant member of the tallgrass prairie ecosystem. It is used for conservation, restoration, livestock feed production, and bioenergy feedstock production. The purpose of this review is to describe the biological and geographical basis for switchgrass germplasm diversity and to provide a resource for scientists and outreach personnel to find switchgrass germplasm to meet their needs. Upland and lowland ecotypes represent the most important polymorphism in switchgrass, with distinct but overlapping geographic distributions. Variation in ploidy exists within both ecotypes, with 2n = 4x = 36 the dominant ploidy in the lowland ecotype and 2n = 8x = 72 the dominant ploidy in the upland ecotype. Ploidy is a strong barrier to gene flow, but ecotype is a weak barrier, with up to 10% of random individuals demonstrating some evidence for upland-lowland hybridization in their ancestry. Latitudinal and, to a lesser extent, longitudinal differentiation exists within each ecotype, such that most wild populations and cultivars are not well adapted more than one hardiness zone from their place of origin. Plant breeding can alter this relationship by creating populations with improved cold tolerance, for example, increasing the adaptation range of an individual cultivar. The USDA National Plant Germplasm System maintains the national switchgrass collection, which is available for research and breeding purposes. C1 [Casler, Michael D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Vogel, Kenneth P.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Dept Agron & Hort, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Harrison, Melanie] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 88 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2463 EP 2478 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.02.0076 PG 16 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1JX UT WOS:000368265600004 ER PT J AU Kolmer, JA Lagudah, ES Lillemo, M Lin, M Bai, G AF Kolmer, J. A. Lagudah, E. S. Lillemo, M. Lin, M. Bai, G. TI The Lr46 Gene Conditions Partial Adult-Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust, Stem Rust, and Powdery Mildew in Thatcher Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; LEAF RUST; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; LATENT PERIOD; CONSENSUS MAP; INHERITANCE; VIRULENCE; DIVERSITY; RECONDITA; LR34/YR18 AB Disease resistance is a critical goal for many wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) improvement programs. Wheat cultivars are affected by multiple diseases including the rusts and powdery mildew. The F-6 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from 'Thatcher'*3/'CI13227' that had been previously characterized as having adult-plant leaf rust resistance gene Lr46 were further tested for resistance to stripe rust, stem rust, and powdery mildew. In field plot tests, the RILs segregated for resistance to stripe rust, stem rust, and powdery mildew, with the highest logarithm of odds (LOD) peak at the sequence tagged site marker csLV46, which is closely linked to Lr46 on chromosome 1BL. Marker csLV46 had the highest LOD scores and R-2 values for powdery mildew resistance, followed by stripe rust and leaf rust resistance. Tests for stem rust resistance had the lowest LOD scores. An additional quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 7AL for leaf rust resistance derived from CI13227 was detected in two of the three leaf rust tests. A QTL for stem rust resistance on chromosome 7AL derived from Thatcher was detected in two of the three stem rust tests. C1 [Kolmer, J. A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Lagudah, E. S.] CSIRO, Agr Flagship, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Lillemo, M.] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Plant Sci, NO-1432 As, Norway. [Lin, M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bai, G.] USDA ARS, Hard Red Winter Wheat Genet Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Kolmer, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM jim.kolmer@ars.usda.gov FU Norwegian Agriculture Agency [NFR FFL/JA 224833] FX We thank K. Xiao, A. Fox, M. Hughes, H. Mia and W. Schnippenkoetter for excellent technical assistance. The powdery mildew testing in Norway received support from the Norwegian Agriculture Agency (grant NFR FFL/JA 224833). The University of Sydney Plant Breeding Institute at Cobbitty provided facilities for stripe rust testing. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2557 EP 2565 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.02.0082 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1JX UT WOS:000368265600015 ER PT J AU Dunckel, SM Olson, EL Rouse, MN Bowden, RL Poland, JA AF Dunckel, Sandra M. Olson, Eric L. Rouse, Matthew N. Bowden, Robert L. Poland, Jesse A. TI Genetic Mapping of Race-Specific Stem Rust Resistance in the Synthetic Hexaploid W7984 x Opata M85 Mapping Population SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; AEGILOPS-TAUSCHII; SOUTH-AFRICA; TTKSK UG99; 1ST REPORT; WHEAT; VIRULENCE; LINES; INTROGRESSION; DIVERSITY AB Stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) has historically caused severe yield losses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide and has been one of the most feared diseases of wheat and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Stem rust has been controlled successfully through the use of resistant varieties. However, stem rust lineage Ug99 and its derivatives are virulent to many widely deployed stem rust resistance genes including Sr31. Doubled haploid lines from the Synthetic W7984 x Opata M85 wheat reference population were screened for seedling resistance to P. graminis f. sp. tritici races TRTTF and QTHJC. The phenotypic data were adjusted to a 1 to 5 scale and genes for resistance to races TRTTF and QTHJC were localized using composite interval mapping (CIM). Major effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to stem rust races TRTTF and QTHJC were identified on chromosome arms 1AS, 2BS, 6AS, and 6AL. The gene for resistance to both races on 2BS could potentially be a new stem rust resistance gene. The QTLs for resistance on 1AS and 6AL might be other new genes or alleles while the QTL on 6AS is likely an Sr8 allele. Future work will determine if the resistance loci on 1AS, 2BS, and 6AL are novel. As shown here, the well studied Synthetic x Opata reference population is a valuable source of potentially novel resistance genes for stem rust that can be leveraged in resistance breeding programs. C1 [Dunckel, Sandra M.] Kansas State Univ, Interdept Genet, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Olson, Eric L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bowden, Robert L.] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Poland, JA (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Wheat Genet Resource Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jpoland@ksu.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 FU Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholars Program; Wheat Genetics Resource Center (WGRC) Industry/University Collaborative Research Center (I/UCRC) - NSF [IIP-1338897]; U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) [AID-OAA-A-13-0005]; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [5430-21000-006-00D, 3640-21220-021-00]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project FX The Graduate Research Assistantship of S. Dunckel is supported through the Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholars Program. This work was done under the auspices of the Wheat Genetics Resource Center (WGRC) Industry/University Collaborative Research Center (I/UCRC) supported by NSF grant contract (IIP-1338897) and industry partners. This work was funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID Cooperative Agreement no. AID-OAA-A-13-0005), the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (Appropriations no. 5430-21000-006-00D and no. 3640-21220-021-00) and The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project to Cornell University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This work represents contribution number 15-415-J from the Kansas Agriculture Experiment Station (KAES). Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2580 EP 2588 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.11.0755 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1JX UT WOS:000368265600017 ER PT J AU Harris, DK Abdel-Haleem, H Buck, JW Phillips, DV Li, ZL Boerma, HR AF Harris, Donna K. Abdel-Haleem, Hussein Buck, James W. Phillips, Daniel V. Li, Zenglu Boerma, H. Roger TI Soybean Quantitative Trait Loci Conditioning Soybean Rust-Induced Canopy Damage SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI; PHYTOPHTHORA-MEGASPERMA; GERMPLASM ACCESSIONS; FLORIDA BEGGARWEED; PARTIAL RESISTANCE; CYST-NEMATODE; 1ST REPORT; IDENTIFICATION; RESPONSES AB Soybean rust (SBR) is caused by the fungal pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi and is considered to be the most destructive foliar disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], with soybean yield losses caused by SBR reported to be as high as 80% in severely diseased fields. Studies indicate that most isolates of P. pachyrhizi overcome at least one of the known resistance genes. Therefore, alternative means of controlling SBR such as non-host-specific resistance combined with single-gene resistance could be beneficial in breeding soybean cultivars for SBR resistance. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning variation in SBR-induced canopy damage, a 'Benning' x PI 416947 recombinant inbred line population was planted for 3 yr under natural and artificial infection with P. pachyrhizi in Attapulgus, GA. Although both Benning and PI 416937 are considered susceptible to SBR (they produced tan lesions when infected with P. pachyrhizi), Benning had a higher canopy severity damage score than PI 416937. Multiple interval mapping QTL models identified four QTL conditioning variation in canopy severity damage across the environments and explained 42% of the total phenotypic variation in canopy severity scores. The four QTL were located on chromosomes 8, 9, 13, and 15, which explained 10, 5, 9, and 17% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. When the canopy severity QTL were aligned with previously identified QTL in SoyBase, three canopy severity QTL colocalized with other partial resistance soybean genes and three with the isoflavone daidzein, the precursor of the phytoalexin glyceollin. Glyceollin is involved in plant disease resistance. C1 [Harris, Donna K.; Li, Zenglu; Boerma, H. Roger] Univ Georgia, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Genom, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Harris, Donna K.; Li, Zenglu; Boerma, H. Roger] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Abdel-Haleem, Hussein] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Buck, James W.; Phillips, Daniel V.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Harris, DK (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Genom, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM donnawoodharris@gmail.com FU Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations; United Soybean Board FX The authors express their appreciation to David Spradlin, Richard Miller, Dale Wood, Gina Rowan, and Earl Baxter for their technical support and expertise. This research was funded by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations and grants from the United Soybean Board. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2589 EP 2597 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.01.0058 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1JX UT WOS:000368265600018 ER PT J AU Cooper, SG Concibido, V Estes, R Hunt, D Jiang, GL Krupke, C McCornack, B Mian, R O'Neal, M Poysa, V Prischmann-Voldseth, D Ragsdale, D Tinsley, N Wang, DC AF Cooper, Susannah G. Concibido, Vergel Estes, Ronald Hunt, David Jiang, Guo-Liang Krupke, Christian McCornack, Brian Mian, Rouf O'Neal, Matthew Poysa, Vaino Prischmann-Voldseth, Deirdre Ragsdale, David Tinsley, Nick Wang, Dechun TI Geographic Distribution of Soybean Aphid Biotypes in the United States and Canada during 2008-2010 SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SINGLE DOMINANT GENE; HOST-PLANT RESISTANCE; HEMIPTERA APHIDIDAE; INDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY; POPULATION-GROWTH; DEFENSE RESPONSES; NORTH-AMERICA; HOMOPTERA; GERMPLASM; IDENTIFICATION AB Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is a native pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in eastern Asia and was detected on soybeans in North America in 2000. In 2004, the soybean cultivar Dowling was described to be resistant to soybean aphids with the Rag1 gene for resistance. In 2006, a virulent biotype of soybean aphid in Ohio was reported to proliferate on soybeans with the Rag1 gene. The objective was to survey the occurrence of virulent aphid populations on soybean indicator lines across geographies and years. Nine soybean lines were identified on the basis of their degree of aphid resistance and their importance in breeding programs. Naturally occurring soybean aphid populations were collected in 10 states (Kansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin) and the Canadian province of Ontario. The reproductive capacity of field-collected soybean aphid populations was tested on soybean lines; growth rates were compared in no-choice field cages at each geographic region across 3 yr. The occurrence of soybean aphid biotypes was highly variable from year to year and across environments. The frequency of Biotypes 2, 3, and 4 was 54, 18, and 7%, respectively, from the 28 soybean aphid populations collected across 3 yr and 11 environments. Plant introduction (PI) 567598B, a natural gene pyramid of rag1c and rag4, had lowest frequency of soybean aphid colonization (18%). Several factors may have contributed to the variability, including genetic diversity of soybean aphids, parthenogenicity, abundance of the overwintering host buckthorn (Rhamnus spp.), and migratory patterns of soybean aphids across the landscape. C1 [Cooper, Susannah G.; Concibido, Vergel] Monsanto Co, Chesterfield, MO 63017 USA. [Estes, Ronald; Tinsley, Nick] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hunt, David; Poysa, Vaino] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Harrow, ON, Canada. [Jiang, Guo-Liang] Virginia State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. [Krupke, Christian] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [McCornack, Brian] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Mian, Rouf] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, Rouf] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [O'Neal, Matthew] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA USA. [Prischmann-Voldseth, Deirdre] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Ragsdale, David] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wang, Dechun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Cooper, SG (reprint author), Monsanto Co, 700 Chesterfield Pkwy, Chesterfield, MO 63017 USA. EM Susannah.g.cooper@monsanto.com NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 14 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2598 EP 2608 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.11.0758 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1JX UT WOS:000368265600019 ER PT J AU Xing, JJ Jia, MH Correll, JC Yuan, LP Deng, HF Jia, YL AF Xing, Junjie Jia, Melissa H. Correll, James C. Yuan, Longping Deng, Huangfeng Jia, Yulin TI Confirming and Identifying New Loci for Rice Blast Disease Resistance using Magnaporthe oryzae Field Isolates in the US SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES; PI-TA; GENE; QTL; REGISTRATION; LEMONT; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATION; GRISEA AB Quantitative trait loci (QTL) play important roles in controlling rice blast disease. In the present study, 10 field isolates of the races IA1, IB1, IB17, and IC1 of US rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae collected in 1996 and 2009 were used to identify blast resistance QTL with a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 227 F-7 individuals derived from the cross of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars Lemont and Jasmine 85. Jasmine 85 is an indica cultivar that is moderately resistant, and Lemont is a tropical japonica cultivar susceptible to rice blast in greenhouse inoculation. Disease reactions of the parents and RILs were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. A total of six resistance QTL, qBLR8, qBLR10-1, qBLR10-2, qBLR10-3, qBLR12-1, and qBLR12-2, were identified on chromosomes 8, 10, and 12, respectively. Phenotypic variation, conditioned by these six resistance QTL, ranged from 5.37 to 39.18%. Among them, qBLR12-1 and qBLR12-2 provided the strongest resistance to the newest isolates of the most virulent race IA1 of M. oryzae. Three of these resistance QTL have been identified using different blast isolates in a previous study. qBLR10-1, qBLR10-2, and qBLR10-3 have not been previously found in this cross. These confirmed and new resistance QTL will be useful for the development of rice cultivars with improved effective resistance to rice blast via a marker-assisted selection (MAS) approach. C1 [Xing, Junjie; Yuan, Longping; Deng, Huangfeng] Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Jia, Melissa H.; Jia, Yulin] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Correll, James C.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Deng, HF (reprint author), Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China. EM dhf@hhrrc.ac.cn; yulin.Jia@ars.usda.gov FU University of Arkansas (UA) Rice Research and Promotion Board; Hunan Agriculture Pillar Program [2014NK2020]; National Science and Technology Pillar Program [2012BAD48G01] FX We thank the University of Arkansas (UA) Rice Research and Promotion Board for financial support to Junjie Xing, UA Rice Research and Extension Center for administrative supports, and Michael Lin and Tracy Bianco of the USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center for technical assistance. This project was in part supported by Hunan Agriculture Pillar Program (2014NK2020) to Junjie Xing and National Science and Technology Pillar Program (2012BAD48G01) to Longping Yuan. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2620 EP 2627 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.02.0077 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1JX UT WOS:000368265600021 ER PT J AU Baxter, LL Hancock, DW Hudson, WG Dillard, SL Anderson, WF Schwartz, BM AF Baxter, Lisa L. Hancock, Dennis W. Hudson, William G. Dillard, S. Leanne Anderson, William F. Schwartz, Brian M. TI Response of Selected Bermudagrass Cultivars to Bermudagrass Stem Maggot Damage SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Information regarding the susceptibility of currently grown bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] cultivars to the bermudagrass stem maggot (BSM; Atherigona reversura) could aid forage producers with the implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies to manage this exotic pest. The objectives of this research were to compare the severity of damage among selected cultivars and quantify the phenotypic variation in cultivar response to the BSM among selected bermudagrass cultivars. Eight Cynodon cultivars were used in this study. Flies collected from infested fields were introduced six times throughout the 4-wk growing period to the cultivars, which were grown in the greenhouse and contained in acetate and mesh enclosures. The number and percent of tillers damaged depended on cultivar in that cultivars with greater tiller density exhibited the greatest damage. When corrected for cultivar differences in the number of total tillers per pot, the stargrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst) cultivars and hybrids had a lower percentage of their tillers damaged (P < 0.10) by the presence of BSMs than the fine-textured cultivars, except for 'Russell' in 2012. Presence of the BSM was coincident with a lower tiller count, increased tiller diameter, and darker leaf color, though no difference in any other physical characteristic was observed. The results showed that stargrass and stargrass hybrids are less susceptible to damage by the BSM and should be employed in IPM strategies wherever these cultivars are adapted. C1 [Baxter, Lisa L.; Hancock, Dennis W.; Dillard, S. Leanne] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hudson, William G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Anderson, William F.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Schwartz, Brian M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Hancock, DW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 3111 Miller Plant Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dhancock@uga.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2682 EP 2689 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.12.0828 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1JX UT WOS:000368265600027 ER PT J AU Eckberg, JO Casler, MD Johnson, GA Seefeldt, LL Blaedow, KE Shaw, RG AF Eckberg, James O. Casler, Michael D. Johnson, Gregg A. Seefeldt, Laura L. Blaedow, Karen E. Shaw, Ruth G. TI Switchgrass Population and Cold-Moist Stratification Mediate Germination SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PANICUM-VIRGATUM L.; SEED DORMANCY; REGISTRATION; EMERGENCE; PLANTS; SIZE AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) breeding and selection have enhanced the agronomic qualities of this species as a crop for forage and bioenergy applications. Previous work has characterized variation in phenotypic traits (e.g., survival, biomass yield, and cell wall carbohydrates) among wild and cultivated populations. Despite the importance of low dormancy to the establishment of a productive switchgrass stand, there is little information characterizing the dormancy of selectively bred cultivars vs. wild populations of switchgrass. The objectives of this study were to use growth chamber experiments to quantify germination vs. dormancy (confirmed by tetrazolium tests) of eight wild and four cultivar populations and evaluate the relationship between seed size and germination. While cultivars generally showed higher germination than wild populations, there was marked variation in germination among wild populations; for those with lower germination, the ungerminated fraction comprised mostly live (i.e., dormant) seeds. These data led us to perform a subsequent experiment testing the application of a seed treatment, cold-moist stratification, on a subset of eight populations representing the wide variation in germination observed in the first experiment. Cold-moist stratification substantially increased germination, but the magnitude of the effect varied among populations. Populations with higher dormancy showed a much larger increase in germination after cold-moist stratification. These data clearly show that seed dormancy in wild populations can be easily overcome by cold-moist stratification in the short term and breeding and selection in the long term. C1 [Eckberg, James O.; Johnson, Gregg A.; Seefeldt, Laura L.; Blaedow, Karen E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Casler, Michael D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Shaw, Ruth G.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Eckberg, JO (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM jeckberg@umn.edu FU Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund FX We thank Marissa Bendickson, Jorey Dobbs, Rachel Pain, Wally Rich, Ahn Tran, and Mike White for the assistance in conducting the experiments; Donn Vellekson for help setting and monitoring growth chamber conditions; Matt Bickell for GIS support; Ellen Fuge (Minnesota Department of Natural Resources) and Meredith Cornett (the Nature Conservancy) for providing data from the Minnesota County Biological Survey as well as issuing switchgrass seed collection permits for 2011 (2011-37R) and 2012 (2012-44R); and Brad Bolduan, Mark Cleveland, Larissa Mottl, and Russell Smith (Minnesota Department of Natural Resources) and Matt Graeve (the Nature Conservancy) for providing information on the management history of Scientific and Natural Areas. This project was funded by the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund as recommended by the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2746 EP 2752 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.02.0124 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1JX UT WOS:000368265600033 ER PT J AU Hazard, B Zhang, XQ Naemeh, M Hamilton, MK Rust, B Raybould, HE Newman, JW Martin, R Dubcovsky, J AF Hazard, Brittany Zhang, Xiaoqin Naemeh, Mahmoudreza Hamilton, M. Kristina Rust, Bret Raybould, Helen E. Newman, John W. Martin, Roy Dubcovsky, Jorge TI Mutations in Durum Wheat SBEII Genes affect Grain Yield Components, Quality, and Fermentation Responses in Rats SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-AMYLOSE WHEAT; RESISTANT STARCH; PASTA AB Increased amylose in wheat (Triticum ssp.) starch is associated with increased resistant starch, a fermentable dietary fiber. Fermentation of resistant starch in the large intestine produces short-chain fatty acids that are associated with human health benefits. Since wheat foods are an important component of the human diet, increases in amylose and resistant starch in wheat grains have the potential to deliver health benefits to a large number of people. In three replicated field trials we found that mutations in starch branching enzyme II genes (SBEIIa and SBEIIb) in both A and B genomes (SBEIIa/b-AB) of durum wheat [T. turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.] resulted in large increases of amylose and resistant starch content. The presence of these four mutations was also associated with an average 5% reduction in kernel weight (P = 0.0007) and 15% reduction in grain yield (P = 0.06) compared to the wild type. Complete milling and pasta quality analysis showed that the mutant lines have an acceptable quality with positive effects on pasta firmness and negative effects on semolina extraction and pasta color. Positive fermentation responses were detected in rats (Rattus spp.) fed with diets incorporating mutant wheat flour. This study quantifies benefits and limitations associated with the deployment of the SBEIIa/b-AB mutations in durum wheat and provides the information required to develop realistic strategies to deploy durum wheat varieties with increased levels of amylose and resistant starch. C1 [Hazard, Brittany; Zhang, Xiaoqin; Naemeh, Mahmoudreza; Dubcovsky, Jorge] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hamilton, M. Kristina; Raybould, Helen E.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rust, Bret; Newman, John W.; Martin, Roy] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Newman, John W.; Martin, Roy] USDA ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dubcovsky, Jorge] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. RP Dubcovsky, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jdubcovsky@ucdavis.edu RI Dubcovsky, Jorge/A-4969-2008 OI Dubcovsky, Jorge/0000-0002-7571-4345 FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF3031]; USDA [2032-51530-022-00D]; Colorado Wheat Research Foundation (CWRF); ConAgra Mills FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2011-68002-30029 (Triticeae-CAP) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and the Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation grant number GBMF3031. Additional support was provided by USDA Intramural Project 2032-51530-022-00D. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Brittany Hazard acknowledges the generous support from the Colorado Wheat Research Foundation (CWRF) and ConAgra Mills through a fellowship for her Ph.D. studies. We also acknowledge Claudia Carter and Teng Vang at the California Wheat Commission for training and use of their facilities. Research Diets supplied the diets used in the rodent studies. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2813 EP 2825 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0179 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1JX UT WOS:000368265600040 PM 27134286 ER PT J AU Bourguignon, M Nelson, JA Carlisle, E Ji, HH Dinkins, RD Phillips, TD McCulley, RL AF Bourguignon, Marie Nelson, Jim A. Carlisle, Elizabeth Ji, Huihua Dinkins, Randy D. Phillips, Tim D. McCulley, Rebecca L. TI Ecophysiological Responses of Tall Fescue Genotypes to Fungal Endophyte Infection, Elevated Temperature, and Precipitation SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FESTUCA-ARUNDINACEA; WATER-DEFICIT; ACREMONIUM-COENOPHIALUM; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; ERGOPEPTINE ALKALOIDS; LOLIUM-PERENNE; DROUGHT; GROWTH; GRASSES; SYMBIOSIS AB Tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort., nom. cons.) can form a symbiosis with the fungal endophyte Epichloe coenophiala, whose presence often benefits the plant, depending on plant and fungal genetics and the prevailing environmental conditions. Despite this symbiosis having agricultural, economic, and ecological importance, relatively little is known regarding its response to predicted global climate change. We quantified the ecophysiological responses of four tall fescue genetic clone pairs, where each pair consisted of one endophyte-infected (E+) and one endophyte-free clone, to climate change factors of annually elevated temperature and seasonally increased precipitation. Endophyte presence increased fescue tillering and biomass production in the elevated temperature treatment and greatly enhanced the ability of two of the fescue clones to recover from the hot and unusually dry summer. Surprisingly, endophyte infection also stimulated biomass production and photosynthesis rates (for one clone) in the most mesic treatment (additional precipitation). Toxic ergot alkaloid concentrations increased in E+ individuals exposed to elevated temperatures, particularly in the fall, but the strength of the response varied across E+ genotypes. Overall, this study suggests that choice of plant and endophyte genetic material will be important in determining the productivity, toxicity, and resilience of tall fescue pastures under future climate conditions. C1 [Bourguignon, Marie; Nelson, Jim A.; Carlisle, Elizabeth; Ji, Huihua; Phillips, Tim D.; McCulley, Rebecca L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Dinkins, Randy D.] USDA ARS, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Bourguignon, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, 1492 Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mariebourguignon64@gmail.com OI Dinkins, Randy/0000-0002-2127-273X FU USDOE's National Institute for Climate Change Research [08-SC-NICCR-1073]; USDA-ARS Forage Animal Production Research Unit [58-6440-7-135]; Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station [KY006045]; Department of Plant and Soil Sciences; College of Agriculture, Food, and the Environment of the University of Kentucky FX We thank the developers of the genetic material used, K. McQuerry for statistical help, and the feedback of several anonymous reviewers. This work was supported by the USDOE's National Institute for Climate Change Research (08-SC-NICCR-1073); a cooperative agreement with the USDA-ARS Forage Animal Production Research Unit (58-6440-7-135); the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station (KY006045); the Department of Plant and Soil Sciences; and the College of Agriculture, Food, and the Environment of the University of Kentucky. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 17 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2895 EP 2909 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.01.0020 PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1JX UT WOS:000368265600048 ER PT J AU Fay, PA Reichmann, LG Aspinwall, MJ Khasanova, AR Polley, HW AF Fay, Philip A. Reichmann, Lara G. Aspinwall, Michael J. Khasanova, Albina R. Polley, H. Wayne TI A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Environmental Sciences; Issue 105; Tallgrass prairie; climate change; carbon cycle; hydrology; net primary productivity; soil moisture; community; Sorghastrum nutans; Bouteloua curtipendula ID CONTROLLED-ENVIRONMENT CHAMBER; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; INCREASING CO2; RESPONSES; SUBAMBIENT; BIOMASS; FUTURE; PLANTS; FIELD AB Continuing increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations (C-A) mandate techniques for examining impacts on terrestrial ecosystems. Most experiments examine only two or a few levels of C-A concentration and a single soil type, but if C-A can be varied as a gradient from subambient to superambient concentrations on multiple soils, we can discern whether past ecosystem responses may continue linearly in the future and whether responses may vary across the landscape. The Lysimeter Carbon Dioxide Gradient Facility applies a 250 to 500 mu l L-1 C-A gradient to Blackland prairie plant communities established on lysimeters containing clay, silty clay, and sandy soils. The gradient is created as photosynthesis by vegetation enclosed in in temperature-controlled chambers progressively depletes carbon dioxide from air flowing directionally through the chambers. Maintaining proper air flow rate, adequate photosynthetic capacity, and temperature control are critical to overcome the main limitations of the system, which are declining photosynthetic rates and increased water stress during summer. The facility is an economical alternative to other techniques of C-A enrichment, successfully discerns the shape of ecosystem responses to subambient to superambient C-A enrichment, and can be adapted to test for interactions of carbon dioxide with other greenhouse gases such as methane or ozone. C1 [Fay, Philip A.; Khasanova, Albina R.; Polley, H. Wayne] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Reichmann, Lara G.; Aspinwall, Michael J.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Fay, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM Philip.Fay@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 8 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD NOV PY 2015 IS 105 AR e53151 DI 10.3791/53151 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB5SM UT WOS:000368573900032 ER PT J AU Klurfeld, DM AF Klurfeld, David M. TI Research gaps in evaluating the relationship of meat and health SO MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Meat; Health; Nutrition; Cancer; Cardiovascular disease; Epidemiology ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; RED MEAT; NUTRITIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; DIETARY PATTERN; UNPROCESSED RED; BLADDER-CANCER; URUGUAYAN MEN; RISK-FACTORS AB Humans evolved as omnivores and it has been proposed that cooking meat allowed for evolution of larger brains that has led to our success as a species. Meat is one of the most nutrient dense foods, providing high-quality protein, heme iron, zinc, and vitamins B-6 and B-12. Despite these advantages, epidemiologic studies have linked consumption of red or processed meat with obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers of multiple organs. Most observational studies report small, increased relative risks. However, there are many limitations of such studies including inability to accurately estimate intake, lack of prespecified hypotheses, multiple comparisons, and confounding from many factors - including body weight, fruit/vegetable intake, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol - that correlate significantly either positively or negatively with meat intake and limit the reliability of conclusions from these studies. The observational studies are heterogeneous and do not fulfill many of the points proposed by AB Hill in 1965 for inferring causality; his most important factor was strength of the association which in dietary studies is usually <1.5 but is not considered adequate in virtually all other areas of epidemiology outside nutrition. Accepting small, statistically significant risks as "real" from observational associations, the field of nutrition has a long list of failures including beta-carotene and lung cancer, low-fat diets and breast cancer or heart disease that have not been confirmed in randomized trials. Moderate intake of a variety of foods that are enjoyed by people remains the best dietary advice. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Klurfeld, David M.] ARS, USDA, 5601 Sunnyside Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Klurfeld, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 5601 Sunnyside Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.klurfeld@ars.usda.gov NR 62 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 12 U2 89 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1740 EI 1873-4138 J9 MEAT SCI JI Meat Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 109 BP 86 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.05.022 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA DB4EM UT WOS:000368466300011 PM 26043666 ER PT J AU Woube, YA Dibaba, AB Tameru, B Fite, R Nganwa, D Robnett, V Demisse, A Habtemariam, T AF Woube, Yilkal Asfaw Dibaba, Asseged Bogale Tameru, Berhanu Fite, Richard Nganwa, David Robnett, Vinaida Demisse, Amsalu Habtemariam, Tsegaye TI Quantitative risk assessment of entry of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia through live cattle imported from northwestern Ethiopia SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Cattle; CBPP; Disease free zone; Ethiopia; Export trade; Import risk assessment ID MYCOIDES SMALL COLONY; INFECTIOUS-ANEMIA VIRUS; WITHIN-HERD SPREAD; MOUTH-DISEASE; DETECTING ANTIBODIES; COMPETITIVE ELISA; MODEL; CBPP; SC; TRANSMISSION AB Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a highly contagious bacterial disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony (SC) bovine biotype (MmmSC). It has been eradicated from many countries; however, the disease persists in many parts of Africa and Asia. CBPP is one of the major trade-restricting diseases of cattle in Ethiopia. In this quantitative risk assessment the OIE concept of zoning was adopted to assess the entry of CBPP into an importing country when up to 280,000 live cattle are exported every year from the northwestern proposed disease free zone (DFZ) of Ethiopia. To estimate the level of risk, a six-tiered risk pathway (scenario tree) was developed, evidences collected and equations generated. The probability of occurrence of the hazard at each node was modelled as a probability distribution using Monte Carlo simulation (@RISK software) at 10,000 iterations to account for uncertainty and variability. The uncertainty and variability of data points surrounding the risk estimate were further quantified by sensitivity analysis. In this study a single animal destined for export from the northwestern DFZ of Ethiopia has a CBPP infection probability of 4.76 x 10(-6) (95% CI = 7.25 x 10(-8) 1.92 x 10(-5)). The probability that at least one infected animal enters an importing country in one year is 0.53 (90% CI = 0.042 - 0.97). The expected number of CBPP infected animals exported any given year is 1.28 (95% CI = 0.021 - 5.42). According to the risk estimate, an average of 2.73 x 10(6) animals (90% CI = 10,674 - 5.9 x 10(6)) must be exported to get the first infected case. By this account it would, on average, take 10.15 years (90% CI = 0.24 - 23.18) for the first infected animal to be included in the consignment. Sensitivity analysis revealed that prevalence and vaccination had the highest impact on the uncertainty and variability of the overall risk. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Woube, Yilkal Asfaw] Univ Addis Ababa, Coll Vet Med & Agr, POB 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. [Woube, Yilkal Asfaw; Dibaba, Asseged Bogale; Tameru, Berhanu; Fite, Richard; Nganwa, David; Robnett, Vinaida; Habtemariam, Tsegaye] Tuskegee Univ, Coll Vet Med Nursing & Allied Hlth, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. [Fite, Richard] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. [Demisse, Amsalu] Minist Agr, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. RP Woube, YA (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Coll Vet Med Nursing & Allied Hlth, POB 830195, Tuskegee, AL 36083 USA. EM yilkalasfaw@gmail.com FU USDA/APHIS FX This study was supported by funds provided by the USDA/APHIS through a cooperative agreement to Tuskegee University. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 EI 1873-1716 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 122 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.09.013 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DB5LZ UT WOS:000368556900007 PM 26427634 ER PT J AU Weaver, JT Malladi, S Spackman, E Swayne, DE AF Weaver, J. Todd Malladi, Sasidhar Spackman, Erica Swayne, David E. TI Risk Reduction Modeling of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus Titers in Nonpasteurized Liquid Egg Obtained from Infected but Undetected Chicken Flocks SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Continuity of business planning; highly pathogenic avian influenza; nonpasteurized liquid egg; risk assessment ID INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; H7N7 VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; MORTALITY; LIVESTOCK; PRODUCTS; NEED; H5N1 AB Control of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in poultry has traditionally involved the establishment of disease containment zones, where poultry products are only permitted to move from within a zone under permit. Nonpasteurized liquid egg (NPLE) is one such commodity for which movements may be permitted, considering inactivation of HPAI virus via pasteurization. Active surveillance testing at the flock level, using targeted matrix gene real-time reversed transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction testing (RRT-PCR) has been incorporated into HPAI emergency response plans as the primary on-farm diagnostic test procedure to detect HPAI in poultry and is considered to be a key risk mitigation measure. To inform decisions regarding the potential movement of NPLE to a pasteurization facility, average HPAI virus concentrations in NPLE produced from a HPAI virus infected, but undetected, commercial table-egg-layer flock were estimated for three HPAI virus strains using quantitative simulation models. Pasteurization under newly proposed international design standards (5 log10 reduction) is predicted to inactivate HPAI virus in NPLE to a very low concentration of less than 1 embryo infectious dose (EID) 50/mL, considering the predicted virus titers in NPLE from a table-egg flock under active surveillance. Dilution of HPAI virus from contaminated eggs in eggs from the same flock, and in a 40,000 lb tanker-truck load of NPLE containing eggs from disease-free flocks was also considered. Risk assessment can be useful in the evaluation of commodity-specific risk mitigation measures to facilitate safe trade in animal products from countries experiencing outbreaks of highly transmissible animal diseases. C1 [Weaver, J. Todd] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv,Nat Resources Res Ctr, Sci Technol & Anal Serv,Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Bldg B MS-2W4,2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Malladi, Sasidhar] Univ Minnesota, Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, 136 Andrew Boss Lab,1354 Eckles Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Spackman, Erica; Swayne, David E.] ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Weaver, JT (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv,Nat Resources Res Ctr, Sci Technol & Anal Serv,Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Bldg B MS-2W4,2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM todd.weaver@aphis.usda.gov FU University of Minnesota, Center for Animal Health and Food Safety through a USDA-APHIS-CEAH [12-9208-0218ca] FX This work was supported by the University of Minnesota, Center for Animal Health and Food Safety through a USDA-APHIS-CEAH Cooperative Agreement to Support National Preparedness Planning for Animal Health Emergencies (cooperative agreement number 12-9208-0218ca). NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 35 IS 11 BP 2057 EP 2068 DI 10.1111/risa.12374 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA DB2MR UT WOS:000368343500008 PM 25867713 ER PT J AU Benettin, P Bailey, SW Campbell, JL Green, MB Rinaldo, A Likens, GE McGuire, KJ Botter, G AF Benettin, Paolo Bailey, Scott W. Campbell, John L. Green, Mark B. Rinaldo, Andrea Likens, Gene E. McGuire, Kevin J. Botter, Gianluca TI Linking water age and solute dynamics in streamflow at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH, USA SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CONCENTRATION-DISCHARGE RELATIONSHIPS; TRANSIT-TIME DISTRIBUTIONS; DISSOLVED SILICA; HEADWATER CATCHMENT; HIGH-FREQUENCY; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; MODELING TRANSPORT; TEMPORAL DYNAMICS; RESIDENCE TIME; NATURAL-WATER AB We combine experimental and modeling results from a headwater catchment at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF), New Hampshire, USA, to explore the link between stream solute dynamics and water age. A theoretical framework based on water age dynamics, which represents a general basis for characterizing solute transport at the catchment scale, is here applied to conservative and weathering-derived solutes. Based on the available information about the hydrology of the site, an integrated transport model was developed and used to compute hydrochemical fluxes. The model was designed to reproduce the deuterium content of streamflow and allowed for the estimate of catchment water storage and dynamic travel time distributions (TTDs). The innovative contribution of this paper is the simulation of dissolved silicon and sodium concentration in streamflow, achieved by implementing first-order chemical kinetics based explicitly on dynamic TTD, thus upscaling local geochemical processes to catchment scale. Our results highlight the key role of water stored within the subsoil glacial material in both the short-term and long-term solute circulation. The travel time analysis provided an estimate of streamflow age distributions and their evolution in time related to catchment wetness conditions. The use of age information to reproduce a 14 year data set of silicon and sodium stream concentration shows that, at catchment scales, the dynamics of such geogenic solutes are mostly controlled by hydrologic drivers, which determine the contact times between the water and mineral interfaces. Justifications and limitations toward a general theory of reactive solute circulation at catchment scales are discussed. C1 [Benettin, Paolo; Rinaldo, Andrea] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Ecohydrol ECHO IIE ENAC, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Bailey, Scott W.; Campbell, John L.; Green, Mark B.] US Forest Serv Northern Res Stn, Hubbard Brook Expt Forest, North Woodstock, NH USA. [Green, Mark B.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH USA. [Rinaldo, Andrea; Botter, Gianluca] Univ Padua, Dipartimento ICEA, Padua, Italy. [Likens, Gene E.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA. [Likens, Gene E.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Storrs, CT USA. [McGuire, Kevin J.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Water Resources Res Ctr, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Benettin, P (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Ecohydrol ECHO IIE ENAC, Lausanne, Switzerland. EM paolo.benettin@epfl.ch RI McGuire, Kevin/E-7770-2010; OI McGuire, Kevin/0000-0001-5751-3956; Green, Mark/0000-0002-7415-7209; Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696; Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X; Benettin, Paolo/0000-0001-7556-1417 FU NSF EAR [1014507]; SNF-FNS [200021-124930/1, 200021-135241]; NSF; LTER program; LTREB program; A.W. Mellon Foundation FX Data to support this study are provided by the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study and can be obtained through the website www.hubbardbrook.org or upon request. The authors thank Don Ross and J.P. Gannon for an early review of the manuscript, and Christian Birkel and two anonymous reviewers for the useful comments provided. K.M. and S.B. thank support from NSF EAR 1014507. A.R. thanks support from SNF-FNS Projects 200021-124930/1 and 200021-135241. Funding to G.L. for the long-term precipitation and stream water chemistry was provided by the NSF, including the LTER and LTREB programs, and The A.W. Mellon Foundation. Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is operated and managed by the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newton Square, PA. NR 83 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 7 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 51 IS 11 BP 9256 EP 9272 DI 10.1002/2015WR017552 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA DB3OC UT WOS:000368420000033 ER PT J AU Vibbert, HB Ku, S Li, X Liu, XY Ximenes, E Kreke, T Ladisch, MR Deering, AJ Gehring, AG AF Vibbert, Hunter B. Ku, Seockmo Li, Xuan Liu, Xingya Ximenes, Eduardo Kreke, Thomas Ladisch, Michael R. Deering, Amanda J. Gehring, Andrew G. TI Accelerating Sample Preparation Through Enzyme-Assisted Microfiltration of Salmonella in Chicken Extract SO BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; aqueous chicken extracts; chicken carcass; protease; hollow fiber membranes; microfiltration ID CROSS-FLOW MICROFILTRATION; FOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS; REAL-TIME PCR; MEMBRANE FILTRATION; DIVERSE MICROBES; CARCASS RINSES; WATER; ULTRAFILTRATION; RECOVERY; CLARIFICATION AB Microfiltration of chicken extracts has the potential to significantly decrease the time required to detect Salmonella, as long as the extract can be efficiently filtered and the pathogenic microorganisms kept in a viable state during this process. We present conditions that enable microfiltration by adding endopeptidase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to chicken extracts or chicken rinse, prior to microfiltration with fluid flow on both retentate and permeate sides of 0.2 mu m cutoff polysulfone and polyethersulfone hollow fiber membranes. After treatment with this protease, the distribution of micron, submicron, and nanometer particles in chicken extracts changes so that the size of the remaining particles corresponds to 0.4-1 mu m. Together with alteration of dissolved proteins, this change helps to explain how membrane fouling might be minimized because the potential foulants are significantly smaller or larger than the membrane pore size. At the same time, we found that the presence of protein protects Salmonella from protease action, thus maintaining cell viability. Concentration and recovery of 1-10 CFU Salmonella/mL from 400 mL chicken rinse is possible in less than 4 h, with the microfiltration step requiring less than 25 min at fluxes of 0.028-0.32 mL/cm(2) min. The entire procedurefrom sample processing to detection by polymerase chain reactionis completed in 8 h. (C) 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers C1 [Vibbert, Hunter B.; Ku, Seockmo; Li, Xuan; Liu, Xingya; Ximenes, Eduardo; Kreke, Thomas; Ladisch, Michael R.] Purdue Univ, Renewable Resources Engn Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Vibbert, Hunter B.] Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ku, Seockmo; Li, Xuan; Liu, Xingya; Ximenes, Eduardo; Kreke, Thomas; Ladisch, Michael R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kreke, Thomas; Ladisch, Michael R.] Purdue Univ, Weldon Sch Biomed Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Deering, Amanda J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gehring, Andrew G.] ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Ladisch, MR (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Renewable Resources Engn Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ladisch@purdue.edu FU Agriculture Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture project [OSQR 935-42000-049-00D]; Center for Food Safety Engineering at Purdue University; USDA Hatch projects [10677, 10646]; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering FX The authors thank Ms. Leyu Zhang and Dr. Youngmi Kim for their internal review of this article, Dr. Haley Oliver for assistance with the gel pictures, and Kirk Foster and Jim Jones for fabrication of hardware and software. The material in this work was supported by a cooperative agreement with the Agriculture Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture project (OSQR 935-42000-049-00D), the Center for Food Safety Engineering at Purdue University; USDA Hatch projects 10677 and 10646, and support from the Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering and the Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering. The authors thank Professor James Litster and the NSF ERC for SOP's for assistance with particle size measurements. They also thank Life Science Microscopy Facility for assistance with the SEM. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 8756-7938 EI 1520-6033 J9 BIOTECHNOL PROGR JI Biotechnol. Prog. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1551 EP 1562 DI 10.1002/btpr.2167 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA DA9OZ UT WOS:000368140300013 PM 26400739 ER PT J AU Evans, J Crisovan, E Barry, K Daum, C Jenkins, J Kunde-Ramamoorthy, G Nandety, A Ngan, CY Vaillancourt, B Wei, CL Schmutz, J Kaeppler, SM Casler, MD Buell, CR AF Evans, Joseph Crisovan, Emily Barry, Kerrie Daum, Chris Jenkins, Jerry Kunde-Ramamoorthy, Govindarajan Nandety, Aruna Ngan, Chew Yee Vaillancourt, Brieanne Wei, Chia-Lin Schmutz, Jeremy Kaeppler, Shawn M. Casler, Michael D. Buell, Carol Robin TI Diversity and population structure of northern switchgrass as revealed through exome capture sequencing SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Panicum virgatum; exome capture; switchgrass; polyploid; genomics; PRJNA280418 ID DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; NUCLEAR-DNA CONTENT; COPY NUMBER; PANICUM-VIRGATUM; GENE-EXPRESSION; CHLOROPLAST DNA; ICE AGES; GENOME; PLANT; RICE AB Panicum virgatum L. (switchgrass) is a polyploid, perennial grass species that is native to North America, and is being developed as a future biofuel feedstock crop. Switchgrass is present primarily in two ecotypes: a northern upland ecotype, composed of tetraploid and octoploid accessions, and a southern lowland ecotype, composed of primarily tetraploid accessions. We employed high-coverage exome capture sequencing (similar to 2.4 Tb) to genotype 537 individuals from 45 upland and 21 lowland populations. From these data, we identified similar to 27 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), of which 1 590 653 high-confidence SNPs were used in downstream analyses of diversity within and between the populations. From the 66 populations, we identified five primary population groups within the upland and lowland ecotypes, a result that was further supported through genetic distance analysis. We identified conserved, ecotype-restricted, non-synonymous SNPs that are predicted to affect the protein function of CONSTANS (CO) and EARLY HEADING DATE 1 (EHD1), key genes involved in flowering, which may contribute to the phenotypic differences between the two ecotypes. We also identified, relative to the near-reference Kanlow population, 17 228 genes present in more copies than in the reference genome (up-CNVs), 112 630 genes present in fewer copies than in the reference genome (down-CNVs) and 14 430 presence/absence variants (PAVs), affecting a total of 9979 genes, including two upland-specific CNV clusters. In total, 45 719 genes were affected by an SNP, CNV, or PAV across the panel, providing a firm foundation to identify functional variation associated with phenotypic traits of interest for biofuel feedstock production. C1 [Evans, Joseph; Crisovan, Emily; Vaillancourt, Brieanne; Buell, Carol Robin] Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Evans, Joseph; Crisovan, Emily; Vaillancourt, Brieanne; Buell, Carol Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Barry, Kerrie; Daum, Chris; Kunde-Ramamoorthy, Govindarajan; Ngan, Chew Yee; Wei, Chia-Lin; Schmutz, Jeremy] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Jenkins, Jerry; Schmutz, Jeremy] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Nandety, Aruna] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Kaeppler, Shawn M.; Casler, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kaeppler, Shawn M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Casler, Michael D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Buell, CR (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM buell@msu.edu RI Schmutz, Jeremy/N-3173-2013; OI Schmutz, Jeremy/0000-0001-8062-9172; Kaeppler, Shawn/0000-0002-5964-1668 FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). The work conducted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 76 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 10 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 84 IS 4 BP 800 EP 815 DI 10.1111/tpj.13041 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB1HM UT WOS:000368259100013 PM 26426343 ER PT J AU Waldrip, HM Pagliari, PH He, ZQ Harmel, RD Cole, NA Zhang, MC AF Waldrip, Heidi M. Pagliari, Paulo H. He, Zhongqi Harmel, R. Daren Cole, N. Andy Zhang, Mingchu TI Legacy Phosphorus in Calcareous Soils: Effects of Long-Term Poultry Litter Application SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ANIMAL MANURE APPLICATIONS; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; CATTLE MANURE; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITIES; BROILER LITTER; DAIRY MANURE; SWINE MANURE; DYNAMICS; NITROGEN AB Sequential fractionation coupled with phosphatase hydrolysis allows a greater understanding of the effects of animal manure on the chemical distribution of soil P. Concentrations of specific soil P fractions were determined after long-term (>10 yr) poultry litter application at rates of 4.5, 6.7, 9.0, 11.2, and 13.4 Mg manure ha(-1) yr(-1) to watershed-scale plots (cultivated and grazed-ungrazed pasture) on a calcareous Texas Blackland Vertisol. Soil total extractable P (P-t) and inorganic P (P-i) were quantified following sequential extraction with H2O, NaHCO3, NaOH, and HCl. Hydrolyzable organic P (P-e) and non-hydrolyzable organic P (P-ne) were determined in the extracted fractions following enzymatic hydrolysis. Litter application increased P-t regardless of land-use type compared with the control. Concentrations of H2O-extractable P-i in litter-amended plots increased by 9 to 34% (cultivated) and 7 to 30% (pasture) over the control, indicating substantial risk of soluble P runoff. Labile organic P (P-o) extracted with H2O and NaHCO3 decreased in the order monoester > nucleic acid > phytate > P-ne. An average of 68% of P-t was extractable with HCl. Organic P comprised the majority (95%) of HCl-P-t; however, only trace levels of HCl-P-o were hydrolyzable, and litter application increased HCl-P-ne up to 217%. Thus, litter application increased levels of both soluble P-i and stable P-ne, but the specific response varied with application rate and land management. This study increased understanding of P chemical distribution with time in litter-amended soil with high clay and CaCO3 contents under differing land-use scenarios. C1 [Waldrip, Heidi M.; Cole, N. Andy] ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Pagliari, Paulo H.] Univ Minnesota, Southwest Res & Outreach Ctr, Dep Soil Water & Climate, Lamberton, MN 56152 USA. [He, Zhongqi] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Harmel, R. Daren] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Zhang, Mingchu] Univ Alaska, Dept High Latitude Agr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Waldrip, HM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM heidi.waldrip@ars.usda.gov NR 84 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 20 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 79 IS 6 BP 1601 EP 1614 DI 10.2136/sssaj2015.03.0090 PG 14 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DB2HY UT WOS:000368330100009 ER PT J AU Poffenbarger, HJ Mirsky, SB Kramer, M Weil, RR Meisinger, JJ Cavigelli, MA Spargo, JT AF Poffenbarger, Hanna J. Mirsky, Steven B. Kramer, Matthew Weil, Raymond R. Meisinger, John J. Cavigelli, Michel A. Spargo, John T. TI Cover Crop and Poultry Litter Management Influence Spatiotemporal Availability of Topsoil Nitrogen SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL NITRATE-NITROGEN; VETCH-RYE MIXTURE; NO-TILL CORN; WEED SUPPRESSION; KILL DATE; LEGUME; DENITRIFICATION; PLACEMENT; RELEASE; RESIDUE AB Green and animal manures provide plant-available N (PAN) in annual cropping systems and contribute to improved soil quality. Our objectives were to determine the effects of cover crop residue type and pelletized poultry litter (PPL) application method on: (i) the spatiotemporal distribution of topsoil mineral N (N-min), (ii) the average topsoil N-min at four developmental stages of corn (Zea mays L.), and (iii) corn N uptake. We collected soil and plant samples from a factorial experiment that included three cover crop residues: hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), and a hairy vetch/cereal rye mixture; and four PPL treatments: no PPL and 3.5 Mg PPL ha(-1) either broadcast at planting, subsurface banded at the fifth-leaf stage, or broadcast and incorporated at planting. Most of the N-min in the broadcast treatment was concentrated near the soil surface, N-min associated with the subsurface band remained within 10 cm of the delivery location throughout the growing season, while N-min was distributed to a depth of 20 cm in the incorporated treatment. Average N-min to 30 cm was significantly greater in soil with hairy vetch residue than in soil with cereal rye residue at emergence and the fifth-leaf stage, while the cover crop mixture had average N-min levels intermediate between the monocultures or similar to cereal rye depending on the year. In both years, corn N uptake tended to be greatest with hairy vetch residue and broadcast or subsurface band PPL application, averaging 215 kg ha(-1) across years in these treatments. C1 [Poffenbarger, Hanna J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Mirsky, Steven B.; Cavigelli, Michel A.] ARS, USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kramer, Matthew] ARS, USDA, Stat Grp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Weil, Raymond R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Meisinger, John J.] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Spargo, John T.] Penn State Univ, Agr Analyt Serv Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Mirsky, SB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM steven.mirsky@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program [GNE11-025] FX This research was supported by funding from the USDA-NIFA Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program (project no. GNE11-025). The authors thank George Meyers and Ted Currier for their help with field operations, and Ruth Mangum, Grace Garst, and Anh Le for their assistance with data collection. Appreciation is also extended to the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 12 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 79 IS 6 BP 1660 EP 1673 DI 10.2136/sssaj2015.03.0134 PG 14 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DB2HY UT WOS:000368330100014 ER PT J AU Schwartz, RC Baumhardt, RL Scanlon, BR Bell, JM Davis, RG Ibragimov, N Jones, OR Reedy, RC AF Schwartz, Robert C. Baumhardt, R. Louis Scanlon, Bridget R. Bell, Jourdan M. Davis, Ronald G. Ibragimov, Nazirbay Jones, Ordie R. Reedy, Robert C. TI Long-Term Changes in Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen under Semiarid Tillage and Cropping Practices SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; GREAT-PLAINS; GRASSLAND SOILS; DRYLAND WHEAT; LAND-USE; SYSTEMS; MATTER; MANAGEMENT; FERTILIZER; SEQUESTRATION AB Understanding changes in soil organic C (SOC) and total soil N (TSN) is important for evaluating C fluxes and optimizing N management. We evaluated long-term SOC and TSN changes under dryland rotations for historical stubble-mulch (HSM) and graded terrace (GT) plots on a clay loam soil in Bushland, TX. Compared with adjacent grassland with no history of cultivation, stored SOC in the surface 0.30 m of HSM declined by 41% after 86 yr of cultivation, with half of the estimated changes occurring during the first 20 yr. In the HSM plots under a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow rotation, SOC and TSN (0.0-0.152 m) were significantly greater with decreasing tillage intensity (P < 0.05) in 1977 for treatments imposed in 1941. On GT plots under a winter wheat-sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]-fallow rotation, SOC and TSN storage under no-till were not significantly (P = 0.396 and P = 0.261, respectively) different from stubblemulch tillage 30 yr after treatments were imposed in 1984. Calculated export of N in wheat and sorghum grain from 1927 to 2013 from GT (1.6 Mg ha(-1)) accounted for 80% of the difference between TSN in grassland and GT plots. From 1927 to 1960, TSN decline exceeded N in exported grain by 1.2 Mg ha(-1) and may explain present-day accumulation of NO3-N at 1 to 6 m in the unsaturated zone. Since 1966, crops have probably been assimilating NO3-N located deeper in the soil profile to supplement N requirements. C1 [Schwartz, Robert C.; Baumhardt, R. Louis] ARS, USDA, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Scanlon, Bridget R.; Reedy, Robert C.] Univ Texas Austin, Bur Econ Geol, Austin, TX 78713 USA. [Bell, Jourdan M.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Davis, Ronald G.; Jones, Ordie R.] ARS, USDA, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Ibragimov, Nazirbay] Cotton Breeding Seed Prod & Agrotechnol Res Inst, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. RP Schwartz, RC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM robert.schwartz@ars.usda.gov RI Scanlon, Bridget/A-3105-2009 OI Scanlon, Bridget/0000-0002-1234-4199 NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 15 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 79 IS 6 BP 1771 EP 1781 DI 10.2136/sssaj2015.06.0241 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DB2HY UT WOS:000368330100024 ER PT J AU Feng, G Tewolde, H Ma, LW Adeli, A Sistani, KR Jenkins, JN AF Feng, Gary Tewolde, Haile Ma, Liwang Adeli, Ardeshir Sistani, Karamat R. Jenkins, Johnie N. TI Simulating the Fate of Fall- and Spring-Applied Poultry Litter Nitrogen in Corn Production SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; RZWQM SIMULATIONS; COVER CROPS; SOIL; MINERALIZATION; MANURE; WATER; FIELD; AVAILABILITY; MANAGEMENT AB Knowledge of the fate of manure N is important to effectively manage it and minimize its environmental impact. The system model RZWQM2 was calibrated and evaluated using 3 yr of data to simulate the mineralization and fate of fall-and spring-applied poultry litter N. Litter (18 Mg ha(-1)) and, for comparison, NH4NO3 (202 kg N ha(-1)) were applied in fall and spring from 2006 to 2008 in a corn (Zea mays L.) field near Starkville, MS. The model estimated that 57% (279 kg ha(-1)) of the total litter N applied in the fall and 51% (249 kg ha(-1)) of that applied in the spring had mineralized by the end of the first year in November. The loss of mineralized litter N by the end of the first year was 24 vs. 9% of the total applied for the fall vs. spring applications, respectively. At the end of the experiment in November 2008, 88% of the total 1507 kg ha(-1) litter N applied in the previous three falls and 72% of that applied in the previous three springs was mineralized. The loss of mineralized litter N averaged across the 3 yr was 162 kg ha(-1) (37% of the total mineralized) if applied in the fall and only 55 kg ha(-1) (15% of the total mineralized) if applied in the spring. The primary avenue of litter N loss was leaching if applied in the fall and denitrification if applied in the spring. These results clearly demonstrate that spring is the best time to apply litter in the southeastern United States. C1 [Feng, Gary; Tewolde, Haile; Adeli, Ardeshir; Jenkins, Johnie N.] ARS, USDA, Genet & Sustainable Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Ma, Liwang] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Sistani, Karamat R.] ARS, USDA, Food Anim Environm Syst Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. RP Feng, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Genet & Sustainable Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Gary.Feng@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 79 IS 6 BP 1804 EP 1814 DI 10.2136/sssaj2015.06.0211 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DB2HY UT WOS:000368330100027 ER PT J AU Bourgault, R Ross, DS Bailey, SW AF Bourgault, Rebecca Ross, Donald S. Bailey, Scott W. TI A Response to "Comment on 'Chemical and Morphological Distinctions between Vertical and Lateral Podzolization at Hubbard Brook' by Bourgault et al." SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID PODZOL HYDROSEQUENCE; HEADWATER CATCHMENT; ITAGUARE (SAO-PAULO C1 [Bourgault, Rebecca; Ross, Donald S.] Univ Vermont, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Bailey, Scott W.] US Forest Serv, North Woodstock, NH 03262 USA. RP Bourgault, R (reprint author), Sacred Heart Univ, Biol Dept, 5151 Pk Ave, Fairfield, CT 06825 USA. EM bourgaultr@sacredheart.edu RI Ross, Donald/A-4477-2008 OI Ross, Donald/0000-0002-5390-6602 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 79 IS 6 BP 1818 EP 1819 DI 10.2136/sssaj2015.05.0191r PG 2 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DB2HY UT WOS:000368330100029 ER PT J AU Hoffman, LA Etienne, XL Irwin, SH Colino, EV Toasa, JI AF Hoffman, Linwood A. Etienne, Xiaoli L. Irwin, Scott H. Colino, Evelyn V. Toasa, Jose I. TI Forecast performance of WASDE price projections for US corn SO AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Corn; Season-average farm price; WASDE price projections; Futures adjusted price forecasts; Basis; Marketing weights; Forecast accuracy; Modified Diebold-Mariano tests; Encompassing tests; Composite forecasts; Benefits of WASDE forecasts ID EFFICIENT CAPITAL-MARKETS; FUTURES MARKET; INFORMATION; COMBINATION; ACCURACY; MODELS; TESTS; HOG AB We conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the season-average price projections for U.S. corn as published by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE), an important issue given reduced resources and increased program scrutiny within the Federal Government. This study is the first in the literature to evaluate the WASDE corn projections relative to futures adjusted forecasts throughout the forecasting cycle using a lengthy evaluation period (1980/81-2012/13). We find that WASDE projections provide lower RMSEs relative to futures adjusted forecasts for 9 of the 16 forecast periods, 4 of which are statistically different. Encompassing tests show that WASDE projections often provide incremental information not present in the futures adjusted forecasts. Composite forecasts based on futures adjusted forecasts and WASDE projections reduced the RMSEs over all forecast periods by an average 12-16%. Favorable average trading profits may be generated for some forecast months using WASDE projections. Overall, our results suggest that WASDE projections of the U.S. corn season-average price provide useful information to the market and could enhance the efficiency of the agricultural sector. C1 [Hoffman, Linwood A.] ERS, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Etienne, Xiaoli L.] W Virginia Univ, Div Resource Management, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Irwin, Scott H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Consumer Econ, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Colino, Evelyn V.] Adm & Turismo Univ Nacl Rio Negro, Escuela Econ, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Toasa, Jose I.] Interamer Fdn, Representat Belize Guatemala & Panama, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Hoffman, LA (reprint author), ERS, USDA, Room 7-187B,1400 Independence Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM lhoffman@ers.usda.gov NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0169-5150 EI 1574-0862 J9 AGR ECON-BLACKWELL JI Agric. Econ. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 46 SU 1 BP 157 EP 171 DI 10.1111/agec.12204 PG 15 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA DA1KL UT WOS:000367554600011 ER PT J AU Martemyanov, VV Kabilov, MR Tupikin, AE Baturina, OA Belousova, IA Podgwaite, JD Ilynykh, AV Vlassov, VV AF Martemyanov, V. V. Kabilov, M. R. Tupikin, A. E. Baturina, O. A. Belousova, I. A. Podgwaite, J. D. Ilynykh, A. V. Vlassov, V. V. TI The enhancin gene: One of the genetic determinants of population variation in baculoviral virulence SO DOKLADY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; MOTH LYMANTRIA-DISPAR; NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; LEPIDOPTERA; POTENCY; DNA AB It was established that the virulence of the North American baculovirus strain LdMNPV-45 is almost two orders of magnitude higher than the virulence of the Asian strain LdMNPV-27 and does not depend on the test host population (gypsy moth). The Asian strain carries deletions in bro-p and vef-1 genes (82 and 91%, respectively). In accordance with the published data, the product of the latter can greatly increase the virulence of the virus. This result indicates that the population polymorphism of the virulence of baculoviruses can be explained by the vef-1 gene deletion. C1 [Martemyanov, V. V.; Belousova, I. A.; Ilynykh, A. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Systemat & Ecol Anim, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia. [Kabilov, M. R.; Tupikin, A. E.; Baturina, O. A.; Vlassov, V. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Biol & Fundamental Med, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Podgwaite, J. D.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. [Martemyanov, V. V.] Tomsk State Univ, Inst Biol, Tomsk 634050, Russia. RP Martemyanov, VV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Systemat & Ecol Anim, Siberian Branch, Ul Frunze 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia. EM martemyanov79@yahoo.com RI Tupikin, Alexey/G-1660-2015; Martemyanov, Vyacheslav/Q-7466-2016; Kabilov, Marsel/B-6669-2013; Vlassov, Valentin/F-4720-2013 OI Kabilov, Marsel/0000-0003-2777-0833; Vlassov, Valentin/0000-0003-2845-2992 FU Federal Fundamental Scientific Research Program [VI. 51.1.5, VI. 55.1.1]; integrative project of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science [88] FX Federal Fundamental Scientific Research Program for 2013-2020 (VI. 51.1.5 and VI. 55.1.1) and by integrative project of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science (project no. 88). NR 12 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1607-6729 EI 1608-3091 J9 DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Dokl. Biochem. Biophys. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 465 IS 1 BP 351 EP 353 DI 10.1134/S1607672915060022 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA DA2FE UT WOS:000367609900002 PM 26728722 ER PT J AU Riley, RT Torres, O Matute, J Gregory, SG Ashley-Koch, AE Showker, JL Mitchell, T Voss, KA Maddox, JR Gelineau-van Waes, JB AF Riley, Ronald T. Torres, Olga Matute, Jorge Gregory, Simon G. Ashley-Koch, Allison E. Showker, Jency L. Mitchell, Trevor Voss, Kenneth A. Maddox, Joyce R. Gelineau-van Waes, Janee B. TI Evidence for fumonisin inhibition of ceramide synthase in humans consuming maize-based foods and living in high exposure communities in Guatemala SO MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ceramide synthase; Fumonisin; Maize; Sphinganine 1-phosphate; Urinary fumonisin ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; SPHINGOSINE 1-PHOSPHATE; SPHINGOLIPID METABOLISM; RISK-FACTOR; BLOOD; ERYTHROCYTES; BIOMARKERS; RECEPTORS; GROWTH; SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE AB Scope: Fumonisin (FB) occurs in maize and is an inhibitor of ceramide synthase (CerS). We determined the urinary FB1 (UFB1) and sphingoid base 1-phosphate levels in blood from women consuming maize in high and low FB exposure communities in Guatemala. Methods and results: FB1 intake was estimated using the UFB1. Sphinganine 1-phosphate (Sa 1-P), sphingosine 1-phosphate (So 1-P), and the Sa 1-P/So 1-P ratio were determined in blood spots collected on absorbent paper at the same time as urine collection. In the first study, blood spots and urine were collected every 3 months (March 2011 to February 2012) from women living in low (Chimaltenango and Escuintla) and high (Jutiapa) FB exposure communities (1240 total recruits). The UFB1, Sa 1-P/So 1-P ratio, and Sa 1-P/mL in blood spots were significantly higher in the high FB1 intake community compared to the low FB1 intake communities. The results were confirmed in a follow-up study (February 2013) involving 299 women living in low (Sacatepequez) and high (Santa Rosa and Chiquimula) FB exposure communities. Conclusions: High levels of FB1 intake are correlated with changes in Sa 1-P and the Sa 1-P/So 1-P ratio in human blood in a manner consistent with FB1 inhibition of CerS. C1 [Riley, Ronald T.; Showker, Jency L.; Mitchell, Trevor; Voss, Kenneth A.] USDA ARS, US Natl Poultry Res Ctr, RB Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Torres, Olga] Lab Diagnost Mol SA, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Torres, Olga; Matute, Jorge] Ctr Invest Nutr & Salud, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Gregory, Simon G.; Ashley-Koch, Allison E.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Maddox, Joyce R.; Gelineau-van Waes, Janee B.] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. RP Riley, RT (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Natl Poultry Res Ctr, RB Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30613 USA. EM ron.riley@ars.usda.gov OI Ashley-Koch, Allison/0000-0001-5409-9155 FU USDA-ARSNP108 in house project [6612-42000-012-00D]; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development [RC4HD067971-01] FX The authors thank all the women who participated in this study, the Ministry of Health of Guatemala and the leaders in the communities of Chimaltenango, Escuintla, Jutiapa, Sacatepequez, Santa Rosa, and Chiquimula without whose cooperation this study could not have been performed. The authors also thank Adela Ruiz, Rosa Chovix and Waldemar Gonzalez for the field work and sample collection in Guatemala, Marta Maria Mendez, Cecilia de Mayorga, Luis Rodriguez and Flor Diaz for the urine and maize extraction in Guatemala and Dr. Zaid Abdo (USDA-ARS South Atlantic Area) for assistance with and review of the statistical analysis. This work was supported by USDA-ARSNP108 in house project 6612-42000-012-00D and Award Number RC4HD067971-01 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development or the National Institutes of Health. IRB-approved protocols were followed. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1613-4125 EI 1613-4133 J9 MOL NUTR FOOD RES JI Mol. Nutr. Food Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 59 IS 11 BP 2209 EP 2224 DI 10.1002/mnfr.201500499 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA DA3WC UT WOS:000367729600010 PM 26264677 ER PT J AU Malmierca, MG McCormick, SP Cardoza, RE Monte, E Alexander, NJ Gutierrez, S AF Malmierca, M. G. McCormick, S. P. Cardoza, R. E. Monte, E. Alexander, N. J. Gutierrez, S. TI Trichodiene Production in a Trichoderma harzianum erg1-Silenced Strain Provides Evidence of the Importance of the Sterol Biosynthetic Pathway in Inducing Plant Defense-Related Gene Expression SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; SALICYLIC-ACID; ERG1 GENE; ERGOSTEROL; TOMATO; TRICHOTHECENES; RESISTANCE; INDUCTION; GROWTH AB Trichoderma species are often used as biocontrol agents against plant-pathogenic fungi. A complex molecular interaction occurs among the biocontrol agent, the antagonistic fungus, and the plant. Terpenes and sterols produced by the biocontrol fungus have been found to affect gene expression in both the antagonistic fungus and the plant. The terpene trichodiene (TD) elicits the expression of genes related to tomato defense and to Botrytis virulence. We show here that TD itself is able to induce the expression of Botrytis genes involved in the synthesis of botrydial (BOT) and also induces terpene gene expression in Trichoderma spp. The terpene ergosterol, in addition to its role as a structural component of the fungal cell membranes, acts as an elicitor of defense response in plants. In the present work, using a transformant of T. harzianum, which is silenced in the erg1 gene and accumulates high levels of squalene, we show that this ergosterol precursor also acts as an important elicitor molecule of tomato defense-related genes and induces Botrytis genes involved in BOT biosynthesis, in both cases, in a concentration-dependent manner. Our data emphasize the importance of a balance of squalene and ergosterol in fungal interactions as well as in the biocontrol activity of Trichoderma spp. C1 [Malmierca, M. G.; Cardoza, R. E.; Gutierrez, S.] Univ Leon, Univ Sch Agr Engineers, Area Microbiol, Ponferrada 24400, Spain. [McCormick, S. P.; Alexander, N. J.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogen & Mycol Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Monte, E.] Univ Salamanca, Dept Genet & Microbiol, Spanish Portuguese Ctr Agr Res CIALE, Salamanca 37185, Spain. RP Gutierrez, S (reprint author), Univ Leon, Univ Sch Agr Engineers, Area Microbiol, Campus Ponferrada Avda,Astorga S-N, Ponferrada 24400, Spain. EM s.gutierrez@unileon.es RI Gutierrez, Santiago/H-6456-2015; Monte, Enrique/A-9008-2017 OI Gutierrez, Santiago/0000-0001-6659-1390; Monte, Enrique/0000-0002-0166-5181 FU MICINN; MINECO [AGL2009-13431-C02, AGL2012-40041-C02-01, AGL2012-40041-C02-02]; Junta de Castilla y Leon [LE125A12-2]; FPU fellowship by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [AP2007-02835] FX We thank J. Alvarez from the University of Leon and J. Teresi from the Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Unit of the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service for their excellent technical assistance. This research was supported by grants from MICINN and MINECO (AGL2009-13431-C02, AGL2012-40041-C02-01, and AGL2012-40041-C02-02) and from Junta de Castilla y Leon (LE125A12-2). M. Gomez was granted a FPU fellowship by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AP2007-02835). NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 12 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 EI 1943-7706 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 28 IS 11 BP 1181 EP 1197 DI 10.1094/MPMI-06-15-0127-R PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA DA2NS UT WOS:000367633700003 PM 26168138 ER PT J AU Derevnina, L Chin-Wo-Reyes, S Martin, F Wood, K Froenicke, L Spring, O Michelmore, R AF Derevnina, Lida Chin-Wo-Reyes, Sebastian Martin, Frank Wood, Kelsey Froenicke, Lutz Spring, Otmar Michelmore, Richard TI Genome Sequence and Architecture of the Tobacco Downy Mildew Pathogen Peronospora tabacina SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID POTATO FAMINE PATHOGEN; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; BLUE MOLD PATHOGEN; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; LTR RETROTRANSPOSONS; NEP1-LIKE PROTEINS; EFFECTOR PROTEINS; DNA-SEQUENCES; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; INVERTED REPEAT AB Peronospora tabacina is an obligate biotrophic oomycete that causes blue mold or downy mildew on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). It is an economically important disease occurring frequently in tobacco-growing regions worldwide. We sequenced and characterized the genomes of two P. tabacina isolates and mined them for pathogenicity-related proteins and effector-encoding genes. De novo assembly of the genomes using Illumina reads resulted in 4,016 (63.1 Mb, N-50 = 79 kb) and 3,245 (55.3 Mb, N-50 = 61 kb) scaffolds for isolates 968-J2 and 968-S26, respectively, with an estimated genome size of 68 Mb. The mitochondrial genome has a similar size (approximately 43 kb) and structure to those of other oomycetes, plus several minor unique features. Repetitive elements, primarily retrotransposons, make up approximately 24% of the nuclear genome. Approximately 18,000 protein-coding gene models were predicted. Mining the secretome revealed approximately 120 candidate RxLR, six CRN (candidate effectors that elicit crinkling and necrosis), and 61 WY domain-containing proteins. Candidate RxLR effectors were shown to be predominantly undergoing diversifying selection, with approximately 57% located in variable gene-sparse regions of the genome. Aligning the P. tabacina genome to Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis and Phytophthora spp. revealed a high level of synteny. Blocks of synteny show gene inversions and instances of expansion in intergenic regions. Extensive rearrangements of the gene-rich genomic regions do not appear to have occurred during the evolution of these highly variable pathogens. These assemblies provide the basis for studies of virulence in this and other downy mildew pathogens. C1 [Derevnina, Lida; Chin-Wo-Reyes, Sebastian; Wood, Kelsey; Froenicke, Lutz; Michelmore, Richard] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Martin, Frank] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. [Spring, Otmar] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Bot, Stuttgart, Germany. RP Michelmore, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM rwmichelmore@ucdavis.edu FU endowment from Novozymes Inc. FX The authors would like to thank T. Ho and K. Cox, undergraduate students in the Michelmore Lab, for bioinformatics contributions to this project. We also thank R. Zipper, Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, for maintainance of the pathogen strains and for providing the sporangial material. This project was funded by an endowment from Novozymes Inc. to R. W. Michelmore. NR 100 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 EI 1943-7706 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 28 IS 11 BP 1198 EP 1215 DI 10.1094/MPMI-05-15-0112-R PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA DA2NS UT WOS:000367633700004 PM 26196322 ER PT J AU Li, X Shin, S Heinen, S Dill-Macky, R Berthiller, F Nersesian, N Clemente, T McCormick, S Muehlbauer, GJ AF Li, Xin Shin, Sanghyun Heinen, Shane Dill-Macky, Ruth Berthiller, Franz Nersesian, Natalya Clemente, Thomas McCormick, Susan Muehlbauer, Gary J. TI Transgenic Wheat Expressing a Barley UDP-Glucosyltransferase Detoxifies Deoxynivalenol and Provides High Levels of Resistance to Fusarium graminearum SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID HEAD BLIGHT RESISTANCE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MYCOTOXIN DEOXYNIVALENOL; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS; REDUCED VIRULENCE; BINARY VECTORS; WILD-TYPE; GENE; INFECTION AB Fusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a devastating disease of wheat that results in economic losses worldwide. During infection, F. graminearum produces trichothecene mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol (DON), that increase fungal virulence and reduce grain quality. Transgenic wheat expressing a barley UDP-glucosyltransferase (H nu UGT13248) were developed and evaluated for FHB resistance, DON accumulation, and the ability to metabolize DON to the less toxic DON-3-Omicron-glucoside (D3G). Point-inoculation tests in the greenhouse showed that transgenic wheat carrying HvUGT13248 exhibited significantly higher resistance to disease spread in the spike (type II resistance) compared with nontransformed controls. Two transgenic events displayed complete suppression of disease spread in the spikes. Expression of HvUGT13248 in transgenic wheat rapidly and efficiently conjugated DON to D3G, suggesting that the enzymatic rate of DON detoxification translates to type II resistance. Under field conditions, FHB severity was variable; nonetheless, transgenic events showed significantly less-severe disease phenotypes compared with the nontransformed controls. In addition, a seedling assay demonstrated that the transformed plants had a higher tolerance to DON-inhibited root growth than nontransformed plants. These results demonstrate the utility of detoxifying DON as a FHB control strategy in wheat. C1 [Li, Xin; Muehlbauer, Gary J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Shin, Sanghyun; Heinen, Shane; Muehlbauer, Gary J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Dill-Macky, Ruth] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Berthiller, Franz] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Dept Agrobiotechnol IFA Tulln, A-3430 Vienna, Austria. [Nersesian, Natalya; Clemente, Thomas] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [McCormick, Susan] USDA ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogen & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Muehlbauer, GJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM muehl003@umn.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agrecultural Research Service U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative; Minnesota Small Grains Initiative FX We thank Y. Huang and A. Hofstad in the Muehlbauer lab for help and discussions. We also acknowledge Y. Dong for conducting the DON concentration analysis for samples from the field trials. We also thank A. M. Elakkad for field trial management. This work was supported by grants from the United States Department of Agriculture-Agrecultural Research Service U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative and the Minnesota Small Grains Initiative to G. J. Muehlbauer. NR 50 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 9 U2 27 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 EI 1943-7706 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 28 IS 11 BP 1237 EP 1246 DI 10.1094/MPMI-03-15-0062-R PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA DA2NS UT WOS:000367633700007 PM 26214711 ER PT J AU Palaniyandi, S Liu, X Periasamy, S Ma, A Tang, J Jenkins, M Tuo, W Song, W Keegan, AD Conrad, DH Zhu, X AF Palaniyandi, S. Liu, X. Periasamy, S. Ma, A. Tang, J. Jenkins, M. Tuo, W. Song, W. Keegan, A. D. Conrad, D. H. Zhu, X. TI Inhibition of CD23-mediated IgE transcytosis suppresses the initiation and development of allergic airway inflammation SO MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FC-EPSILON-RI; INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HIGH-AFFINITY RECEPTOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E; MAST-CELLS; ANTIGEN TRANSPORT; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; T-CELL; CD23 AB The epithelial lining of the airway tract and allergen-specific IgE are considered essential controllers of inflammatory responses to allergens. The human low affinity IgE receptor, CD23 (Fc epsilon RII), is capable of transporting IgE or IgE-allergen complexes across the polarized human airway epithelial cell (AEC) monolayer in vitro. However, it remains unknown whether the CD23-dependent IgE transfer pathway in AECs initiates and facilitates allergic inflammation in vivo, and whether inhibition of this pathway attenuates allergic inflammation. To this end, we show that in wild-type (WT) mice, epithelial CD23 transcytosed both IgE and ovalbumin (OVA)-IgE complexes across the airway epithelial barrier, whereas neither type of transcytosis was observed in CD23 knockout (KO) mice. In chimeric mice, OVA sensitization and aerosol challenge of WT/WT (bone-marrow transfer from the WT to WT) or CD23KO/WT (CD23KO to WT) chimeric mice, which express CD23 on radioresistant airway structural cells (mainly epithelial cells) resulted in airway eosinophilia, including collagen deposition and a significant increase in goblet cells, and increased airway hyperreactivity. In contrast, the absence of CD23 expression on airway structural or epithelial cells, but not on hematopoietic cells, in WT/CD23KO (the WT to CD23KO) chimeric mice significantly reduced OVA-driven allergic airway inflammation. In addition, inhalation of the CD23-blocking B3B4 antibody in sensitized WT mice before or during airway challenge suppressed the salient features of asthma, including bronchial hyperreactivity. Taken together, these results identify a previously unproven mechanism in which epithelial CD23 plays a central role in the development of allergic inflammation. Further, our study suggests that functional inhibition of CD23 in the airway is a potential therapeutic approach to inhibit the development of asthma. C1 [Palaniyandi, S.; Liu, X.; Ma, A.; Tang, J.; Zhu, X.] Univ Maryland, Virginia Maryland Coll Vet Med, Div Immunol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Palaniyandi, S.; Song, W.; Zhu, X.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Pathogen Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Periasamy, S.] Albany Med Coll, Ctr Immunol & Microbial Dis, Albany, NY 12208 USA. [Jenkins, M.; Tuo, W.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Song, W.] Univ Maryland, Dept Cell Biol & Mol Genet, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Keegan, A. D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vasc & Inflammatory Dis, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Keegan, A. D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Conrad, D. H.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Zhu, X (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Virginia Maryland Coll Vet Med, Div Immunol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM xzhu1@umd.edu RI Palaniyandi, Senthilkumar/B-9575-2016 FU National Institutes of Health [AI101752]; American Association of Immunologists (A.A.I.) Careers in Immunology Fellowship; Chinese Scholar Council FX We are grateful to Dr Marc B. Hershenson for supplying us with LA4 cell line. We thank Dr Richard S. Blumberg and Dr Steve Brody for helpful suggestions. We also acknowledge the helpful discussions with Drs David Mosser, Volker Briken, and Siba Samal. We are most grateful for the technical help from Dr Yunsheng Wang, Dr Douglas A. Powell, Dr Liming Wu, Dr Weizhong Li, Ms Susan Park-Ochsner, Ms Lauren Gilliam, and Ms Dawn Jackson. This work was in part supported by National Institutes of Health grant AI101752 (X.Z.), fellowships from the American Association of Immunologists (A.A.I.) Careers in Immunology Fellowship (S.P. and X.Z.) and Chinese Scholar Council (A.M. and J.T.). NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1933-0219 EI 1935-3456 J9 MUCOSAL IMMUNOL JI Mucosal Immunol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1262 EP 1274 DI 10.1038/mi.2015.16 PG 13 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DA2MO UT WOS:000367629100008 PM 25783969 ER PT J AU Kustova, TS Karpenyuk, TA Ibragimova, NA Cantrell, CL Ross, SA AF Kustova, T. S. Karpenyuk, T. A. Ibragimova, N. A. Cantrell, C. L. Ross, S. A. TI The in vivo and in vitro diabetic wound healing effects of two wild plants growing in Kazakhstan and its mechanisms of action SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-and-Natural-Product-Research (GA) CY AUG 23-27, 2015 CL Budapest, HUNGARY C1 [Kustova, T. S.; Karpenyuk, T. A.] Al Farabi Kazakh Natl Univ, Fac Biol & Biotechnol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Kustova, T. S.; Ibragimova, N. A.] Sci Ctr Antiinfect Drugs, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Cantrell, C. L.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, AL USA. [Ross, S. A.] Univ Mississippi, NCNPR, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 EI 1439-0221 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 81 IS 16 MA PW-111 BP 1523 EP 1523 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA DA1LU UT WOS:000367558100460 ER PT J AU Gutierrez-Carbonell, E Lattanzio, G Albacete, A Rios, JJ Kehr, J Abadia, A Grusak, MA Abadia, J Lopez-Millan, AF AF Gutierrez-Carbonell, Elain Lattanzio, Giuseppe Albacete, Alfonso Rios, Juan Jose Kehr, Julia Abadia, Anunciacion Grusak, Michael A. Abadia, Javier Flor Lopez-Millan, Ana TI Effects of Fe deficiency on the protein profile of Brassica napus phloem sap SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Bidimensional electrophoresis; Brassica napus; Hormones; Iron; Phloem Sap; Plant proteomics ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SUGAR-BEET ROOTS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; IRON-DEFICIENCY; FLORAL INDUCTION; STRESS RESPONSES; ABIOTIC STRESS; ABSCISIC-ACID; ORYZA-SATIVA; GENE FAMILY AB The aim of this work was to study the effect of Fe deficiency on the protein profile of phloem sap exudates from Brassica napus using 2DE (IEF-SDS-PAGE). The experiment was repeated thrice and two technical replicates per treatment were done. Phloem sap purity was assessed by measuring sugar concentrations. Two hundred sixty-three spots were consistently detected and 15.6% (41) of them showed significant changes in relative abundance (22 decreasing and 19 increasing) as a result of Fe deficiency. Among them, 85% (35 spots), were unambiguously identified. Functional categories containing the largest number of protein species showing changes as a consequence of Fe deficiency were signaling and regulation (32%), and stress and redox homeostasis (17%). The Phloem sap showed a higher oxidative stress and significant changes in the hormonal profile as a result of Fe deficiency. Results indicate that Fe deficiency elicits major changes in signaling pathways involving Ca and hormones, which are generally associated with flowering and developmental processes, causes an alteration in ROS homeostasis processes, and induces decreases in the abundances of proteins involved in sieve element repair, suggesting that Fe-deficient plants may have an impaired capacity to heal sieve elements upon injury. C1 [Gutierrez-Carbonell, Elain; Lattanzio, Giuseppe; Rios, Juan Jose; Abadia, Anunciacion; Abadia, Javier; Flor Lopez-Millan, Ana] CSIC, Aula Dei Expt Stn, Plant Nutr Dept, Zaragoza 50059, Spain. [Albacete, Alfonso] Campus Univ Espinardo, CEBAS CSIC, Dept Plant Nutr, Murcia, Spain. [Kehr, Julia] Univ Hamburg, Bioctr Klein Flottbek, Dept Mol Plant Genet, Hamburg, Germany. [Grusak, Michael A.; Flor Lopez-Millan, Ana] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Lopez-Millan, AF (reprint author), CSIC, Estn Expt Aula Dei, Ave Montanana 1005, Zaragoza 50059, Spain. EM anaflor@eead.csic.es RI Abadia, Javier/B-8804-2008; Rios, Juan Jose/B-5136-2015; Mangan, Rachel/A-8824-2008; Abadia, Anunciacion/A-7474-2010; OI Abadia, Javier/0000-0001-5470-5901; Rios, Juan Jose/0000-0002-4251-2253; Mangan, Rachel/0000-0002-8788-9214; Abadia, Anunciacion/0000-0003-3609-7070; Albacete, Alfonso/0000-0003-1332-8593 FU Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO) [AGL2010-16515, AGL2012-31988, AGL2013-42175-R]; FEDER; Aragon Government (Group A03); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-0-008]; JAE Pre-CSIC; FPI-MINECO; JAEPost-CSIC FX Supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO; projects AGL2010-16515, AGL2012-31988, and AGL2013-42175-R, co-financed with FEDER), the Aragon Government (Group A03), and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service(Agreement number 58-6250-0-008). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. E.G.-C., G.L., A. A., and J.J.R. were supported by JAE Pre-CSIC, FPI-MINECO, and two JAEPost-CSIC contracts, respectively. NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1615-9853 EI 1615-9861 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD NOV PY 2015 VL 15 IS 22 BP 3835 EP 3853 DI 10.1002/pmic.201400464 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DA3VM UT WOS:000367727800009 PM 26316195 ER PT J AU Proffitt, KM Goldberg, JF Hebblewhite, M Russell, R Jimenez, BS Robinson, HS Pilgrim, K Schwartz, MK AF Proffitt, K. M. Goldberg, J. F. Hebblewhite, M. Russell, R. Jimenez, B. S. Robinson, H. S. Pilgrim, K. Schwartz, M. K. TI Integrating resource selection into spatial capture-recapture models for large carnivores SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Bayesian; carnivore; mountain lion; non-invasive; population estimation; Puma concolor; SCR ID METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; DENSITY-ESTIMATION; MOUNTAIN LIONS; ABUNDANCE; INFERENCE; PARAMETERS; FRAMEWORK AB Wildlife managers need reliable methods to estimate large carnivore densities and population trends; yet large carnivores are elusive, difficult to detect, and occur at low densities making traditional approaches intractable. Recent advances in spatial capture-recapture (SCR) models have provided new approaches for monitoring trends in wildlife abundance and these methods are particularly applicable to large carnivores. We applied SCR models in a Bayesian framework to estimate mountain lion densities in the Bitterroot Mountains of west central Montana. We incorporate an existing resource selection function (RSF) as a density covariate to account for heterogeneity in habitat use across the study area and include data collected from harvested lions. We identify individuals through DNA samples collected by (1) biopsy darting mountain lions detected in systematic surveys of the study area, (2) opportunistically collecting hair and scat samples, and (3) sampling all harvested mountain lions. We included 80 DNA samples collected from 62 individuals in the analysis. Including information on predicted habitat use as a covariate on the distribution of activity centers reduced the median estimated density by 44%, the standard deviation by 7%, and the width of 95% credible intervals by 10% as compared to standard SCR models. Within the two management units of interest, we estimated a median mountain lion density of 4.5 mountain lions/100 km 2 (95% CI = 2.9, 7.7) and 5.2 mountain lions/100 km(2) (95% CI = 3.4, 9.1). Including harvested individuals (dead recovery) did not create a significant bias in the detection process by introducing individuals that could not be detected after removal. However, the dead recovery component of the model did have a substantial effect on results by increasing sample size. The ability to account for heterogeneity in habitat use provides a useful extension to SCR models, and will enhance the ability of wildlife managers to reliably and economically estimate density of wildlife populations, particularly large carnivores. C1 [Proffitt, K. M.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Bozeman, MT 59718 USA. [Goldberg, J. F.; Hebblewhite, M.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Jimenez, B. S.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Missoula, MT 59804 USA. [Russell, R.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Robinson, H. S.] Panthera, New York, NY 10018 USA. [Pilgrim, K.; Schwartz, M. K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Proffitt, KM (reprint author), Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, 1400 South 19th St, Bozeman, MT 59718 USA. EM kproffitt@mt.gov OI Russell, Robin/0000-0001-8726-7303 FU Ravalli County Fish and Wildlife Association; Montana Outdoor Legacy Foundation; Western Montana Chapter of the Safari Club International; Safari Club International Foundation; Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation; University of Montana; U.S.D.A. Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service Grant [MONZ-1106]; sale of hunting and fishing licenses in Montana and Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration grants FX Project funding and support was provided by Ravalli County Fish and Wildlife Association, the Montana Outdoor Legacy Foundation, Western Montana Chapter of the Safari Club International, Safari Club International Foundation, Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, the University of Montana, U.S.D.A. Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service Grant No. MONZ-1106, and by the sale of hunting and fishing licenses in Montana and Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration grants. We thank R. Beausoleil for advice regarding field methodology, and J. A. Royle for expert advice on SCR modelling. We thank the project houndsmen and field staff for their dedicated efforts and expertise. Any use of trade, product, or firm names are for descriptive purposes only and do not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 30 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD NOV PY 2015 VL 6 IS 11 AR 239 DI 10.1890/ES15-00001.1 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ7WH UT WOS:000367310600030 ER PT J AU Reinhart, KO Nichols, KA Petersen, M Vermeire, LT AF Reinhart, Kurt O. Nichols, Kristine A. Petersen, Mark Vermeire, Lance T. TI Soil aggregate stability was an uncertain predictor of ecosystem functioning in a temperate and semiarid grassland SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE ecosystem function; indicators of rangeland health; rangeland; semi-arid grassland; soil stability; soil water transport; water infiltration; water-stable aggregates ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ORGANIC-MATTER; LAND-USE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; PLANT; PRAIRIE; FIELD; CARBON; ROOTS AB We estimate rangeland managers assessing ecosystem health have measured soil stability.800,000 times. Our aim was to use quantitative data from a site in the Northern Great Plains, USA and a semi-quantitative literature search to demonstrate the robustness of soil stability as an indicator of ecosystem functioning. Empirical data included measurements of plant and soil properties along a local livestock grazing gradient to determine whether soil stability (e.g., % water-stable aggregates) explained primary productivity and soil water transport for a mixed-grass prairie site in the Northern Great Plains. We measured: annual net primary productivity (ANPP), elevation, % soil moisture, measures of soil stability, and soil water transport (field-saturated infiltrability and sorptivity) across points spanning a local gradient in livestock grazing intensity (none vs. light to moderate stocking rates; mean distance separating points = 39.9 m [range = 5.2-71.3 m]). Across the sampled gradient, variation in ANPP was best explained by a model with field-saturated infiltrability and % soil moisture. Infiltrability explained slightly more of the variation. We then determined that moderate amounts of variation in infiltrability were explained by ANPP, % soil moisture, and % water-stable aggregates. We determined that most of this variation was explained by ANPP and then soil moisture. Our empirical findings indicate that plant production was correlated with infiltration though we could not determine whether variation in plant production was caused by variation in infiltration or vice versa. We generally failed to show that soil stability (e.g., % water-stable aggregates) was a useful predictor of primary productivity and soil water transport. Our semi-quantitative literature review also indicated that soil stability was not a consistent predictor of either plant production or infiltration. The varying evidence reported here on whether soil stability is a predictor of ecosystem function illustrates the difficulty in identifying an indicator of ecosystem health that (1) is a predictor of ecosystem function across grassland types, (2) is sensitive to rangeland management, and (3) can be easily implemented by non-experts. C1 [Reinhart, Kurt O.; Petersen, Mark; Vermeire, Lance T.] ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Nichols, Kristine A.] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Reinhart, KO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM kurt.reinhart@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 28 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD NOV PY 2015 VL 6 IS 11 AR 238 DI 10.1890/ES15-00056.1 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ7WH UT WOS:000367310600029 ER PT J AU Warren, RJ Pearson, SM Henry, S Rossouw, K Love, JP Olejniczak, MJ Elliott, KJ Bradford, MA AF Warren, R. J., II Pearson, S. M. Henry, S. Rossouw, K. Love, J. P. Olejniczak, M. J. Elliott, K. J. Bradford, M. A. TI Cryptic indirect effects of exurban edges on a woodland community SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Aphaenogaster; biotic interactions; dispersal; edge effects; fragmentation; land use; mutualism; myrmecochory; niche ID MEDIATED SEED DISPERSAL; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; HISTORICAL LAND-USE; OLD-GROWTH FOREST; NEW-YORK-STATE; SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS; UNITED-STATES; ANT; PLANT; MIGRATION AB Exurban development (e.g., second homes) in woodlands spreads urban land use impacts beyond suburbs, but because exurban developments often retain many components of original ecosystem structure-such as a forest canopy rather than open lawn-their ecological impacts may be underestimated. Changes in seed-dispersing ant behavior prompted by exurban land use, such as edge avoidance, may pose deleterious impacts on the woodland plants (myrmecochores) they disperse, and hence the floristic diversity of exurban forests. We examined the effects of exurbanization on seed-dispersing ant nesting and foraging, seed retrieval, dispersal direction and subsequent impact on myrmecochores. We used a matrix of forested and exurbanized habitats to test whether (1) exurban edges decrease ant nest colonization and seed foraging, (2) ants disperse seeds away from exurban edges, and (3) consequently, there is lower ant-dispersed plant abundance nearer exurban edges. We found that exurban development poses little impact on keystone seed-dispersing ants because they foraged, colonized and thrived in fragmented woodland habitats as well as they did in intact forests. Exurban edges changed ant behavior, however, so that they generally moved seeds toward forest interiors, and, hence, away from edges. Corresponding to this behavioral change, we found that ant-dispersed plants declined with proximity to edges, whereas other woodland herbs with dispersal modes other than ants were unaffected. Exurbanization poses little threat to seed-dispersing ant viability, but, by changing foraging patterns (specifically, limiting the directionality of dispersal), it indirectly threatens the plants they disperse. Edge effects on biota commonly are associated with cascades through abiotic resources, but we show a deleterious biotic cascade between exurban edge, keystone ants and herbaceous plants. Species-mediated services, such as seed dispersal and pollination, are key resources, and assessing the full consequences of land use change therefore necessitates evaluation of impacts on biotic interactions. C1 [Warren, R. J., II; Olejniczak, M. J.] SUNY Coll Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA. [Pearson, S. M.; Rossouw, K.] Mars Hill Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Mars Hill, NC 28754 USA. [Henry, S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Studies, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Love, J. P.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Elliott, K. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Bradford, M. A.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Warren, RJ (reprint author), SUNY Coll Buffalo, 1300 Elmwood Ave, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA. EM hexastylis@gmail.com RI Bradford, Mark/G-3850-2012 OI Bradford, Mark/0000-0002-2022-8331 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0823293]; Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service; Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies FX This research was supported by National Science Foundation award DEB-0823293 to the Coweeta LTER Program; the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service; and the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. Patsy Clinton, Katie Bower, Joel Scott, Daniel Sollenberger, and Joe Davis assisted with vegetation surveys. Jeff Bosio assisted with microclimate and CWM measurements and Aphaenogaster spp. surveys. Wayne Gall helped with midden gall identification. We thank the many landowners who graciously permitted us to conduct this research on their property. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions for the manuscript. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 14 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD NOV PY 2015 VL 6 IS 11 AR 218 DI 10.1890/ES15-00318.1 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ7WH UT WOS:000367310600009 ER PT J AU Olanya, OM Lakshman, DK AF Olanya, O. M. Lakshman, D. K. TI POTENTIAL OF PREDATORY BACTERIA AS BIOCONTROL AGENTS FOR FOODBORNE AND PLANT PATHOGENS SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Predatory bacteria; Bdellovibrio; Bacteriovorax; BALOs; enteric pathogens; biocontrol; plant pathogens; produce ID BDELLOVIBRIO-BACTERIOVORUS; MICAVIBRIO-AERUGINOSAVORUS; BIOFILM FORMATION; DISEASE CONTROL; LIFE-CYCLE; PREY; DIVERSITY; ORGANISMS; HD100; FRESH AB Foodborne pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes are responsible for frequent occurrences of illness and mortality in humans. Several economically important plant diseases are caused by pathogenic bacteria. Economically important plant diseases and post-harvest losses and decay are also incited by plant pathogens such as Erwinia, Pectobacterium, Botrytis, and Pseudomonas spp. This paper discusses the potential of predatory bacteria for biocontrol of foodborne and plant pathogens with emphasis on the deltaproteobacteria group. Deltaproteobacteria (Bdellovibrio and Bacteriovorax sp. as well as Daptobacter, and Myxobacteria) are Gram-negative predatory microorganisms which prey mainly on Gram-negative bacteria and occur in diverse soil, marine and fresh water ecologies. The predation of Gram-negative bacteria by Bdellovibrio and Bdellovibrio-like organisms (BALOs) may enhance their potential application for biocontrol of foodborne and plant pathogens. The difficulty in controlling foodborne and plant pathogenic bacteria is due to the paucity of available bactericidal chemicals and regulations limiting the use of antibiotics in pathogen control. In this review, the types and mechanisms of predation by predatory bacteria (PB) are discussed with respect to potential utilization as biocontrol agents. Their diversity and relationships is highlighted by genomic research. Potential for biocontrol of foodborne and plant pathogens by PB is discussed in terms of attributes and limitations. Although research in animal systems (Salmonella/chicken) indicates significant biocontrol potential when PB are applied as probiotics, their application to foodborne and plant pathogens are limited. With increased research in metagenomics on PB effects on animal cells /tissues, a better understanding of regulation of cellular metabolism and their association with growth of PB and prey degradation will ultimately enhance the utility of PB as biocontrol agents of foodborne and plant pathogens. C1 [Olanya, O. M.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Lakshman, D. K.] ARS, USDA, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lakshman, D. K.] ARS, USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Olanya, OM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM modesto.olanya@ars.usda.gov NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 28 PU EDIZIONI ETS PI PISA PA PIAZZA CARRARA 16-19, 56126 PISA, ITALY SN 1125-4653 J9 J PLANT PATHOL JI J. Plant Pathol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 97 IS 3 BP 405 EP 417 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CZ7TF UT WOS:000367302200001 ER PT J AU Bampi, D Mituti, T Pavan, MA Hammond, J Krause-Sakate, R AF Bampi, D. Mituti, T. Pavan, M. A. Hammond, J. Krause-Sakate, R. TI LEEK YELLOW STRIPE VIRUS ISOLATES FROM BRAZIL FORM A DISTINCT CLADE BASED ON THE P1 GENE SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Allium sativum; Potyvirus; variability; classification ID FAMILY POTYVIRIDAE; COAT PROTEIN; YIELD LOSS; ALLIUM; POTYVIRUSES; GENOME; RNA; SUPPRESSION; EXPRESSION; POTATO AB The complete genome sequence of a garlic isolate of Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV) from Brazil (LYSV-MG) was determined and its phylogenetic relationships with other LYSV isolates from other parts of the world were inferred. The LYSV-MG genome consists of 10,341 nucleotides and encodes a polyprotein of 3,221 amino acids. Brazilian LYSV isolates are more closely related to S-type than to N-type isolates but do not have a deletion in the P1 gene. Partial nucleotide sequence analysis of the P1 gene revealed 97-99% identity among Brazilian isolates, and 51-64% identity between Brazilian isolates and isolates from other countries for which sequence information is available in GenBank. The Brazilian isolates formed a monophyletic group closest to the S-type isolates and one isolate from Okinawa (O-type). These data suggest that Brazilian LYSV isolates are derived from an ancestral source of the Okinawa and S-type isolates, prior to the occurrence of the P1 deletion and divergence of the S-type isolates. C1 [Bampi, D.; Pavan, M. A.; Krause-Sakate, R.] UNESP, FCA, Dept Protecao Vegetal, BR-18610307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Mituti, T.] Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, Dept Fitopatol & Nematol, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Bampi, D.; Hammond, J.] ARS, USDA, USNA, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bampi, D (reprint author), UNESP, FCA, Dept Protecao Vegetal, Rua Jose Barbosa de Barros 1780, BR-18610307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. EM daianabampi@yahoo.com.br FU FAPESP (Sao Paulo State Foundation) [2010/16148-9]; CAPES [PDSE 99999.011577/2013-04] FX This work was supported by grants received from FAPESP (Sao Paulo State Foundation for Research Support), protocol number 2010/16148-9. And the first author was supported by a fellowship from CAPES PDSE 99999.011577/2013-04 (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level Personnel). NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDIZIONI ETS PI PISA PA PIAZZA CARRARA 16-19, 56126 PISA, ITALY SN 1125-4653 J9 J PLANT PATHOL JI J. Plant Pathol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 97 IS 3 BP 457 EP 463 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CZ7TF UT WOS:000367302200006 ER PT J AU Duran, AT Gertz, E Judelson, DA Haqq, AM Clark, SJ Tsang, KW Rubin, D AF Duran, Andrea T. Gertz, Erik Judelson, Daniel A. Haqq, Andrea M. Clark, Susan J. Tsang, Kevin W. Rubin, Daniela TI Cytokine Responses to Acute Intermittent Aerobic Exercise in Children With Prader-Willi Syndrome and Nonsyndromic Obesity SO PEDIATRIC EXERCISE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-HORMONE TREATMENT; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; INFLAMMATORY MARKERS; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; ADOLESCENTS; EXPRESSION; INTERLEUKIN-6 AB Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), the best characterized form of syndromic obesity, presents with abnormally high fat mass. In children, obesity presents with low-grade systemic inflammation. This study evaluated if PWS and/or nonsyndromic obesity affected cytokine responses to intermittent aerobic exercise in children. Eleven children with PWS (11 +/- 2 y, 45.4 +/- 9.5% body fat), 12 children with obesity (OB) (9 +/- 1 y, 39.9 +/- 6.8% body fat), and 12 lean (LN) children (9 +/- 1 y, 17.5 +/- 4.6% body fat) participated. Children completed 10 2-min cycling bouts of vigorous intensity, separated by 1-min rest. Blood samples were collected preexercise (PRE), immediately postexercise (IP), and 15, 30, and 60 min into recovery to analyze possible changes in cytokines. In all groups, IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were greater during recovery compared with PRE. PWS and OB exhibited higher IL-6 area under the curve (AUC) than LN (p < .01 for both). PWS demonstrated higher IL-8 AUC than LN (p < .04). IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma did not change with exercise (p > .05 for all). Results indicate that children with PWS respond with increased 11-6 and IL-8 concentrations to acute exercise similarly to controls. Excess adiposity and epigenetic modifications may explain the greater integrated IL-6 and IL-8 responses in PWS compared with controls. C1 [Duran, Andrea T.; Judelson, Daniel A.; Tsang, Kevin W.; Rubin, Daniela] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Kinesiol, Fullerton, CA 92634 USA. [Gertz, Erik] USDA, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Davis, CA USA. [Haqq, Andrea M.] Univ Alberta, Dept Pediat, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Clark, Susan J.] Childrens Hosp Orange Cty, Dept Endocrinol, Orange, CA 92668 USA. RP Rubin, D (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Kinesiol, Fullerton, CA 92634 USA. EM drubin@fullerton.edu FU US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Contract [W81XWH-08-1-0025]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Alberta Diabetes Institute FX Thanks to participating children, Joane Less, RN, Cheryl Wilkinson, RN and Nancy Varni, RN (Children's Hospital of Orange County). Special thanks to Dr. Robert Kersey from the Department of Kinesiology at California State University Fullerton and to Dr. Marta D. Van Loan for conducting our cytokine analyses in her laboratory, USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center (Address: 430 West Health Sciences Drive, University of California Davis, CA 95616). This project was funded by US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Contract W81XWH-08-1-0025. Andrea M. Haqq was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Alberta Diabetes Institute. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 0899-8493 EI 1543-2920 J9 PEDIATR EXERC SCI JI Pediatr. Exerc. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 27 IS 4 BP 525 EP 534 DI 10.1123/pes.2015-0050 PG 10 WC Pediatrics; Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Pediatrics; Physiology; Sport Sciences GA CZ9LO UT WOS:000367419300012 PM 26181653 ER PT J AU Vozhdayev, GV Spokas, KA Molde, JS Heilmann, SM Wood, BM Valentas, KJ AF Vozhdayev, Georgiy V. Spokas, Kurt A. Molde, Joseph S. Heilmann, Steven M. Wood, Brandon M. Valentas, Kenneth J. TI Response of maize germination and growth to hydrothermal carbonization filtrate type and amount SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Filtrate; Hydrochar; Plant growth; Seed germination ID SEED-GERMINATION; AQUEOUS-PHASE; ALGAL BIOMASS; HYDROCHAR; LIQUEFACTION; PYROLYSIS; RESIDUES; BIOCHAR; TESTS; RISK AB The option of using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) filtrate as a liquid based fertilizer for agricultural crop production was evaluated through germination and plant growth studies using corn (Zea Mays L.). Corn growth trials were conducted in a growth chamber with artificial lighting and controlled temperature programming in washed silica sand amended with condensed distillers soluble (CDS), swine manure, or poultry litter HTC filtrates. Seedling growth trials were conducted over a period of 3 weeks and evaluated for overall plant height, above ground biomass, below ground biomass, and total biomass in response to various filtrate applications. Impacts on germination were studied by quantifying germination time and of corn seeds in response to various amounts of condensed distillers solubles (CDS) and swine HTC filtrates. Inhibitory effects on corn seed germination and seedling growth were dependent on HTC filtrate type and application amount, where at dilutions greater than 1:2 (filtrate : total volume) corn germination was not inhibited and swine based filtrate extending the seed germination delay (lag phase). Low filtrate applications were statistically equal to control responses. These results suggest a potential opportunity for utilization of HTC filtrates as an agricultural liquid fertilizer, thereby recycling critical plant nutrients, once inhibitory compounds are treated. C1 [Vozhdayev, Georgiy V.; Molde, Joseph S.; Heilmann, Steven M.; Wood, Brandon M.; Valentas, Kenneth J.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Biotechnol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Spokas, Kurt A.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Spokas, Kurt A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wood, Brandon M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Coll Engn Appl Sci & Technol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Spokas, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle,439 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kurt.spokas@ars.usda.gov RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 FU Institute on Renewable Energy and the Environment (IREE); University of Minnesota-Biotechnology Institute; University of Minnesota; Minnesota's Agricultural Utilization Research Institute; Minnesota Corn Growers FX The authors would like to acknowledge the grants received from the Institute on Renewable Energy and the Environment (IREE), University of Minnesota-Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota's Agricultural Utilization Research Institute and the Minnesota Corn Growers for partial funding of this research. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD NOV PY 2015 VL 396 IS 1-2 BP 127 EP 136 DI 10.1007/s11104-015-2577-3 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CZ8IX UT WOS:000367344500009 ER PT J AU Yun, L Larson, SR Jensen, KB Staub, JE Grossl, PR AF Yun, Lan Larson, Steven R. Jensen, Kevin B. Staub, Jack E. Grossl, Paul R. TI Quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes associated with trace element concentrations in perennial grasses grown on phytotoxic soil contaminated with heavy metals SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Essential micronutrients; Forages; Heavy metals; Quantitative trait loci (QTL); Phytotoxic soil; Trace elements; Ion transporters ID BARLEY HORDEUM-VULGARE; RICE ORYZA-SATIVA; AFFINITY MOLYBDATE TRANSPORTER; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CLARK-FORK RIVER; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ARSENIC ACCUMULATION; ALUMINUM TOLERANCE; MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS; CADMIUM TRANSLOCATION AB Native grasses planted or growing on sites contaminated by heavy metals should be safe for livestock and wildlife. Plant breeders seek to identify genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling trace element variation among these grasses. QTLs controlling forage mineral concentrations were mapped in a population derived from two perennial wildrye species, Leymus cinereus and Leymus triticoides, grown in soil contaminated with arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, and other trace elements. These QTLs were aligned to the genome sequence of barley (Hordeum vulgare) for comparison to genes or QTLs controlling trace element uptake in other species and soils, including perennial wildrye grown in fertile soil. A total of 25 QTLs for 14 elements were detected on contaminated soil. Three of four zinc QTLs were conserved between fertile and contaminated soils, but no other QTLs were conserved across these test soils. Two homoeologous molybdenum QTLs were closely associated with MOT1 orthogenes, which encode one of two known molybdate transporters in plants, and possible candidate gene associations were identified for other heavy metal QTLs. Results elucidate conserved and unparalleled mechanisms controlling trace element variation among different plants and soils, showing opportunities and challenges in plant breeding. C1 [Larson, Steven R.; Jensen, Kevin B.; Staub, Jack E.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Yun, Lan] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Hohhot 010019, Peoples R China. [Grossl, Paul R.] Utah State Univ, Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Larson, SR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Steve.Larson@ars.usda.gov FU Natural Science Funding of China [31460627]; China Ministry of Education [IRT1259] FX Sabbatical funding for the first author, LanYun, was supported by Natural Science Funding of China Agreement No. 31460627 and China Ministry of Education Agreement No. IRT1259. The authors also acknowledge assistance of Dennis R. Neuman, Stuart Jennings, and the Reclamation Research Group LLC for assistance in finding and collecting soil samples. NR 132 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD NOV PY 2015 VL 396 IS 1-2 BP 277 EP 296 DI 10.1007/s11104-015-2583-5 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CZ8IX UT WOS:000367344500020 ER PT J AU Bandillo, N Jarquin, D Song, QJ Nelson, R Cregan, P Specht, J Lorenz, A AF Bandillo, Nonoy Jarquin, Diego Song, Qijian Nelson, Randall Cregan, Perry Specht, Jim Lorenz, Aaron TI A Population Structure and Genome-Wide Association Analysis on the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID LINKAGE GROUP-I; SEED PROTEIN QTL; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ENERGY STATUS; OIL CONTENT; CULTIVARS; STORAGE; DISEQUILIBRIUM; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Population structure analyses and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted on crop germplasm collections provide valuable information on the frequency and distribution of alleles governing economically important traits. The value of these analyses is substantially enhanced when the accession numbers can be increased from similar to 1,000 to similar to 10,000 or more. In this research, we conducted the first comprehensive analysis of population structure on the collection of 14,000 soybean accessions [Glycine max (L.) Merr. and G. soja Siebold & Zucc.] using a 50K-SNP chip. Accessions originating from Japan were relatively homogenous and distinct from the Korean accessions. As a whole, both Japanese and Korean accessions diverged from the Chinese accessions. The ancestry of founders of the American accessions derived mostly from two Chinese subpopulations, which reflects the composition of the American accessions as a whole. A 12,000 accession GWAS conducted on seed protein and oil is the largest reported to date in plants and identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with strong signals on chromosomes 20 and 15. A chromosome 20 region previously reported to be important for protein and oil content was further narrowed and now contains only three plausible candidate genes. The haplotype effects show a strong negative relationship between oil and protein at this locus, indicating negative pleiotropic effects or multiple closely linked loci in repulsion phase linkage. The vast majority of accessions carry the haplotype allele conferring lower protein and higher oil. Our results provide a fuller understanding of the distribution of genetic variation contained within the USDA soybean collection and how it relates to phenotypic variation for economically important traits. C1 [Bandillo, Nonoy; Jarquin, Diego; Specht, Jim; Lorenz, Aaron] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Song, Qijian; Cregan, Perry] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Nelson, Randall] USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Lorenz, A (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM lore0149@umn.edu NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 27 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD NOV PY 2015 VL 8 IS 3 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2015.04.0024 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA CZ9AS UT WOS:000367390800010 ER PT J AU Dhanapal, AP Ray, JD Singh, SK Hoyos-Villegas, V Smith, JR Purcell, LC King, CA Fritschi, FB AF Dhanapal, Arun Prabhu Ray, Jeffery D. Singh, Shardendu K. Hoyos-Villegas, Valerio Smith, James R. Purcell, Larry C. King, C. Andy Fritschi, Felix B. TI Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Diverse Soybean Genotypes Reveals Novel Markers for Nitrogen Traits SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID GLYCINE-MAX L.; SYMBIOTIC N-2 FIXATION; SHOOT N CONCENTRATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; QUANTITATIVE RESISTANCE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; PLANTS; SENSITIVITY; DROUGHT; CARBON AB Nitrogen is a primary plant nutrient that plays a major role in achieving maximum economic yield. Insufficient availability most often limits soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] crop growth. Symbiotic N-2 fixation in soybean is highly sensitive to limited water availability, and breeding for reduced N-2 fixation sensitivity to drought is considered an important objective to improve yields under drought. The objective of this study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with N traits. A collection of 373 diverse soybean genotypes were grown in four field environments (2 yr and two locations) and characterized for N derived from atmosphere (Ndfa), N concentration ([N]), and C/N ratio. The population structure of 373 soybean genotypes was assessed based on 31,145 SNPs and genome-wide association analysis using a unified mixed model identified SNPs associated with Ndfa, [N], and C/N ratio. Although the Ndfa, [N], and C/N ratio values were significantly different between the two locations in both years, results were consistent among genotypes across years and locations. While numerous SNPs were identified by association analysis for each trait in only one of the four environments, 17, 19, and 24 SNPs showed a significant association with Ndfa, [N], and C/N ratio, respectively, in at least two environments as well as with the average across all four environments. These markers represent an important resource for pyramiding favorable alleles for drought tolerance and for identifying extremes for comparative physiological studies. C1 [Dhanapal, Arun Prabhu; Fritschi, Felix B.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Ray, Jeffery D.; Smith, James R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Singh, Shardendu K.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hoyos-Villegas, Valerio] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Purcell, Larry C.; King, C. Andy] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. RP Fritschi, FB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM fritschif@missouri.edu OI Dhanapal, Arun Prabhu/0000-0002-9686-7260 FU USDA-ARS project [6402-21220-010-00D]; United Soybean Board [9274, 1274] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS project number 6402-21220-010-00D and United Soybean Board project numbers 9274 and 1274. We appreciate the assistance of Dr. Randall Nelson, curator of the USDA-ARS Germplasm Collection in selecting the genotypes evaluated in this study. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD NOV PY 2015 VL 8 IS 3 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2014.11.0086 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA CZ9AS UT WOS:000367390800001 ER PT J AU Pelc, SE Couillard, DM Stansell, ZJ Farnham, MW AF Pelc, Sandra E. Couillard, David M. Stansell, Zachary J. Farnham, Mark W. TI Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Collard Landraces and their Relationship to Other Brassica oleracea Crops SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; HORDEUM-VULGARE; GENOME; MARKERS; NAPUS; L.; IDENTIFICATION; ASSOCIATION AB Landraces have the potential to provide a reservoir of genetic diversity for crop improvement to combat the genetic erosion of the food supply. A landrace collection of the vitamin-rich specialty crop collard (Brassica oleracea L. var. viridis) was genetically characterized to assess its potential for improving the diverse crop varieties of B. oleracea. We used the Illumina 60K Brassica SNP BeadChip array with 52,157 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to (i) clarify the relationship of collard to the most economically important B. oleracea crop types, (ii) evaluate genetic diversity and population structure of 75 collard landraces, and (iii) assess the potential of the collection for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) through characterization of genomic patterns of linkage disequilibrium. Confirming the collection as a valuable genetic resource, the collard landraces had twice the polymorphic markers (11,322 SNPs) and 10 times the variety-specific alleles (521 alleles) of the remaining crop types examined in this study. On average, linkage disequilibrium decayed to background levels within 600 kilobase (kb), allowing for sufficient coverage of the genome for GWAS using the physical positions of the 8273 SNPs polymorphic among the landraces. Although other relationships varied, the previous placement of collard with the cabbage family was confirmed through phylogenetic analysis and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA). C1 [Pelc, Sandra E.; Couillard, David M.; Stansell, Zachary J.; Farnham, Mark W.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Pelc, SE (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM Sandra.Pelc@ars.usda.gov NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD NOV PY 2015 VL 8 IS 3 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2015.04.0023 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA CZ9AS UT WOS:000367390800009 ER PT J AU Upadhyaya, HD Vetriventhan, M Deshpande, SP Sivasubramani, S Wallace, JG Buckler, ES Hash, CT Ramu, P AF Upadhyaya, Hari D. Vetriventhan, Mani Deshpande, Santosh P. Sivasubramani, Selvanayagam Wallace, Jason G. Buckler, Edward S. Hash, C. Tom Ramu, Punna TI Population Genetics and Structure of a Global Foxtail Millet Germplasm Collection SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; F-BOX-PROTEIN; SETARIA-ITALICA; CORE COLLECTION; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FLORAL-MERISTEM; MODEL; DIVERSITY; SEQUENCE AB Foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] is one among the most ancient crops of dryland agriculture. It is the second most important crop among millets grown for grains or forage. Foxtail millet germplasm resources provide reservoirs of novel alleles and genes for crop improvement that have remained mostly unexplored. We genotyped a set of 190 foxtail millet germplasm accessions (including 155 accessions of the foxtail millet core collection) using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) for rapid single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) characterization to study population genetics and structure, which enable allele mining through association mapping approaches. After filtering a total 350,000 raw SNPs identified across 190 germplasm accessions for minor allele frequency (MAF), coverage for samples and coverage for sites, we retained 181 accessions with 17,714 high-quality SNPs with. 5% MAF. Genetic structure analyses revealed that foxtail millet germplasm accessions are structured along both on the basis of races and geographic origin, and the maximum proportion of variation was due to among individuals within populations. Accessions of race indica were less diverse and are highly differentiated from those of maxima and moharia. Genome-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis showed on an average LD extends up to similar to 150 kbp and varied with individual chromosomes. The utility of the data for performing genome-wide association studies (GWASs) was tested with plant pigmentation and days to flowering and identified significant marker-trait associations. This SNP data provides a foundation for exploration of foxtail millet diversity and for mining novel alleles and mapping genes for economically important traits. C1 [Upadhyaya, Hari D.; Vetriventhan, Mani; Deshpande, Santosh P.; Sivasubramani, Selvanayagam] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Patancheru 502324, Telangana, India. [Upadhyaya, Hari D.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Upadhyaya, Hari D.] Univ Western Australia, Inst Agr, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Hash, C. Tom] ICRISAT Sahelian Ctr ISC, Niamey, Niger. [Buckler, Edward S.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wallace, Jason G.; Buckler, Edward S.; Ramu, Punna] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Div, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Upadhyaya, HD (reprint author), Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Patancheru 502324, Telangana, India. EM H.Upadhyaya@cgiar.org RI Updhayaya, Hari/C-4858-2014 OI Updhayaya, Hari/0000-0002-5166-6844 FU NSF [DBI-0820619, IOS-1238014]; ICRISAT; USDA-ARS FX This work was supported by NSF grants DBI-0820619 and IOS-1238014, ICRISAT, and the USDA-ARS. This work has been undertaken as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Cereals. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 15 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD NOV PY 2015 VL 8 IS 3 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2015.07.0054 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA CZ9AS UT WOS:000367390800012 ER PT J AU Song, CK Ring, L Hoffmann, T Huang, FC Slovin, J Schwab, W AF Song, Chuankui Ring, Ludwig Hoffmann, Thomas Huang, Fong-Chin Slovin, Janet Schwab, Wilfried TI Acylphloroglucinol Biosynthesis in Strawberry Fruit SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRAGARIA X ANANASSA; CHALCONE SYNTHASE HOMOLOGS; HUMULUS-LUPULUS; HUMAN HEALTH; AMINO-ACIDS; FLAVONOID BIOSYNTHESIS; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASES; WOODLAND STRAWBERRY; METABOLOMIC DATA; PLANT AB Phenolics have health-promoting properties and are a major group of metabolites in fruit crops. Through reverse genetic analysis of the functions of four ripening-related genes in the octoploid strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa), we discovered four acylphloroglucinol (APG)-glucosides as native Fragaria spp. fruit metabolites whose levels were differently regulated in the transgenic fruits. The biosynthesis of the APG aglycones was investigated by examination of the enzymatic properties of three recombinant Fragaria vesca chalcone synthase (FvCHS) proteins. CHS is involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis during ripening. The F. vesca enzymes readily catalyzed the condensation of two intermediates in branched-chain amino acid metabolism, isovaleryl-Coenzyme A (CoA) and isobutyryl-CoA, with three molecules of malonyl-CoA to form phlorisovalerophenone and phlorisobutyrophenone, respectively, and formed naringenin chalcone when 4-coumaroyl-CoA was used as starter molecule. Isovaleryl-CoA was the preferred starter substrate of FvCHS2-1. Suppression of CHS activity in both transient and stable CHS-silenced fruit resulted in a substantial decrease of APG glucosides and anthocyanins and enhanced levels of volatiles derived from branched-chain amino acids. The proposed APG pathway was confirmed by feeding isotopically labeled amino acids. Thus, Fragaria spp. plants have the capacity to synthesize pharmaceutically important APGs using dual functional CHS/(phloriso)valerophenone synthases that are expressed during fruit ripening. Duplication and adaptive evolution of CHS is the most probable scenario and might be generally applicable to other plants. The results highlight that important promiscuous gene function may be missed when annotation relies solely on in silico analysis. C1 [Song, Chuankui; Ring, Ludwig; Hoffmann, Thomas; Huang, Fong-Chin; Schwab, Wilfried] Tech Univ Munich, Biotechnol Nat Prod, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Slovin, Janet] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Schwab, W (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Biotechnol Nat Prod, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. EM wilfried.schwab@tum.de FU China Scholarship Council [2011630188]; Plant-KBBE FraGenomics; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG-SFB924] FX This work was supported by the China Scholarship Council (grant no. 2011630188), Plant-KBBE FraGenomics, and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant no. DFG-SFB924). NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 18 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 169 IS 3 BP 1656 EP 1670 DI 10.1104/pp.15.00794 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CZ9BX UT WOS:000367393900020 PM 26169681 ER PT J AU Wang, GF He, YJ Strauch, R Olukolu, BA Nielsen, D Li, X Balint-Kurti, PJ AF Wang, Guan-Feng He, Yijian Strauch, Renee Olukolu, Bode A. Nielsen, Dahlia Li, Xu Balint-Kurti, Peter J. TI Maize Homologs of Hydroxycinnamoyltransferase, a Key Enzyme in Lignin Biosynthesis, Bind the Nucleotide Binding Leucine-Rich Repeat Rp1 Proteins to Modulate the Defense Response SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASSISTED GENE IDENTIFICATION; DISEASE RESISTANCE PROTEIN; IMMUNE-RECEPTOR RESISTANCE; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; RUST RESISTANCE; NICOTIANA-BENTHAMIANA; PHYSICAL ASSOCIATION; PATHOGEN EFFECTORS; ARABIDOPSIS EDS1 AB In plants, most disease resistance genes encode nucleotide binding Leu-rich repeat (NLR) proteins that trigger a rapid localized cell death called a hypersensitive response (HR) upon pathogen recognition. The maize (Zea mays) NLR protein Rp1-D21 derives from an intragenic recombination between two NLRs, Rp1-D and Rp1-dp2, and confers an autoactive HR in the absence of pathogen infection. From a previous quantitative trait loci and genome-wide association study, we identified a single-nucleotide polymorphism locus highly associated with variation in the severity of Rp1-D21-induced HR. Two maize genes encoding hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT; a key enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis) homologs, termed HCT1806 and HCT4918, were adjacent to this single-nucleotide polymorphism. Here, we show that both HCT1806 and HCT4918 physically interact with and suppress the HR conferred by Rp1-D21 but not other autoactive NLRs when transiently coexpressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. Other maize HCT homologs are unable to confer the same level of suppression on Rp1-D21-induced HR. The metabolic activity of HCT1806 and HCT4918 is unlikely to be necessary for their role in suppressing HR. We show that the lignin pathway is activated by Rp1-D21 at both the transcriptional and metabolic levels. We derive a model to explain the roles of HCT1806 and HCT4918 in Rp1-mediated disease resistance. C1 [Wang, Guan-Feng; He, Yijian; Olukolu, Bode A.; Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Strauch, Renee; Li, Xu] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Nielsen, Dahlia] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Strauch, Renee; Li, Xu] N Carolina State Univ, Plants Human Hlth Inst, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA. [Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Wang, GF (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM gwang11@ncsu.edu; peter.balint-kurti@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation [0822495, 1444503]; U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant nos. 0822495 and 1444503) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 169 IS 3 BP 2230 EP 2243 DI 10.1104/pp.15.00703 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CZ9BX UT WOS:000367393900058 PM 26373661 ER PT J AU Zheng, RB Tshabalala, MA Li, QY Wang, HY AF Zheng, Rongbo Tshabalala, Mandla A. Li, Qingyu Wang, Hongyan TI Weathering Performance of Wood Coated with a Combination of Alkoxysilanes and Rutile TiO2 Heirarchical Nanostructures SO BIORESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Coating; Hydrophobic; Nanostructure; Photostabilization; Rutile; Titanium dioxide; Weathering; Wood ID SOL-GEL DEPOSITION; SURFACES; DEGRADATION; FILMS; PHOTOSTABILITY; WETTABILITY AB The weathering performance of wood coated with a combination of rutile TiO2 hierarchical nanostructures and a sol-gel deposit of alkoxysilanes was determined by exposing three sets of specimens to UV light and water spray. The first set consisted of specimens coated with a mixture of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS) and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMOS). The second set consisted of specimens coated with nanostructural TiO2 followed by a mixture of MTMOS and HDTMOS. The third set consisted of uncoated control specimens. The wood coated with TiO2 followed by a mixture of MTDMOS and HDTMOS exhibited significantly less surface color change and weight loss as a result of UV light-induced degradation and erosion from water spray in comparison with the other groups. However, the coated surfaces were gradually transformed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. Despite this apparent weakness, the MTMOS/HDTMOS/TiO2 coating, with superior photostabilization properties and resistance to surface erosion, may be useful for improving the weathering performance of wood coated with semi-transparent wood stains. C1 [Zheng, Rongbo; Li, Qingyu] Southwest Forestry Univ, Coll Sci, Kunming 650224, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Rongbo] Southwest Forestry Univ, Wood Adhes & Glued Prod Key Lab Yunnan Prov, Kunming 650224, Peoples R China. [Tshabalala, Mandla A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Wang, Hongyan] Zhejiang Forestry Acad, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Zheng, RB (reprint author), Southwest Forestry Univ, Coll Sci, Kunming 650224, Peoples R China. EM zhengrbzy@hotmail.com; mtshabalala@fs.fed.us FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31100420, 30930074]; Southwest Forestry University Foundation [110930]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) FX The authors are grateful to Thomas Kuster and Philip Walsh at USDA Forest Products Laboratory for their support with microscopy and spectroscopy. Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31100420, 30930074) and the Southwest Forestry University Foundation (110930) are gratefully acknowledged. This research was funded in part by the China Scholarship Council (CSC). NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI PI RALEIGH PA CAMPUS BOX 8005, RALEIGH, NC 27695-8005 USA SN 1930-2126 J9 BIORESOURCES JI BioResources PD NOV PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 BP 7053 EP 7064 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA CZ3FW UT WOS:000366990800059 ER PT J AU Weber, T Norman, J AF Weber, Theodore Norman, John TI Functional connectivity modeling and optimal siting of conservation networks in the Midwest USA SO ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Mitigation; Focal species; Ecoregions; Core areas; Corridors; Connectivity ID MYOTIS-SEPTENTRIONALIS; LANDSCAPES; CORRIDORS; DYNAMICS; RESERVES AB With the rising costs of fossil fuels and recognition of their environmental and human health impacts, wind energy projects have expanded throughout the world. Under the U.S. Endangered Species Act, wind developers must avoid, minimize, and mitigate impacts to listed species. With assistance from the Conservation Fund, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service sought to address potential wind energy impacts in the Midwest USA. To provide ecosystem and landscape contexts for mitigation, we identified key habitat ("core areas") important to the full suite of native species and ecosystems, and corridors that would allow species dispersal, migration, recolonization, genetic exchange, and climate change adaptation. We identified core areas based on landscape types, focal/surrogate species requirements, and ecoregional differences. Corridors depend on both the composition and spatial arrangement of the landscape, and the movement abilities and landscape preferences of target organisms. We created a Terrestrial Movement Analysis tool to model connectivity for four different ecotypes, each with their own core areas and movement permeabilities. The tool generated random sets of starting locations (each location corresponding to an individual organism) and calculated optimal paths to all other habitat within the organism's dispersal range. This process was executed iteratively; then it summed the random iterations to derive overall landscape connectivity, showing pathway usage, the cost of moving through a corridor (broader than single paths), and overall landscape movement potential. The resulting data can be used for multiple applications. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Weber, Theodore] Conservat Fund, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Norman, John] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Weber, T (reprint author), 410 Severn Ave,Suite 204, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. EM tweber@conservationfund.org FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (EDS) [E2-3-D680] FX Jazmin Varela and Michael Schwartz (TCF) performed much of the data acquisition and GIS analyses. Will Allen and Kris Hoellen (TCF) managed the project. We received feedback from numerous state and federal biologists and other experts. Funding was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, via a contract administered by the Indiana Department of Natural Resources (EDS# E2-3-D680). NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-9541 EI 1878-0512 J9 ECOL INFORM JI Ecol. Inform. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 30 SI SI BP 277 EP 283 DI 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2015.07.002 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ1OY UT WOS:000366876400035 ER PT J AU Rada, N Wang, CG Qin, LJ AF Rada, Nicholas Wang, Chenggang Qin, Lijian TI Subsidy or market reform? Rethinking China's farm consolidation strategy SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Article DE China; Cropland consolidation; Yields; Farm size; Food security; Productivity ID INVERSE PRODUCTIVITY RELATIONSHIP; CULTIVATED LAND; LEVEL DATA; SIZE; AGRICULTURE; COUNTRIES; POVERTY; QUALITY; EXPLAIN; IMPACT AB Chinese food security policy is anchored increasingly on the conviction that domestic grain production should be greatly enhanced, and the best way to do so is to expand farm production scale. To that end, an increasing stream of public investment has been directed to the grain sector, in the form for example of farm expansion subsidies. Our purpose is to assess the potential impacts of China's farm-scale expansion on both yields and per-hectare economic returns. Analysis of a large sample of farm household production data finds (with some exceptions) that grain yields likely will decline as farm size grows, compromising food self-sufficiency targets. More importantly, in only isolated cases would per-hectare economic returns decline with size. Thus, an emphasis on reducing farmland transactions costs may stimulate cropland consolidation and achieve the desired long-term structural transformation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rada, Nicholas] Econ Res Serv, Food Secur & Dev Branch, Markets & Trade Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Wang, Chenggang] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Wang, Chenggang] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Lubbock, TX USA. [Qin, Lijian] Anhui Univ Finance & Econ, Dept Econ, Bengbu, Peoples R China. RP Rada, N (reprint author), 355 E St SW,6-269B, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM nrada@ers.usda.gov NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 EI 1873-5657 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD NOV PY 2015 VL 57 BP 93 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.10.002 PG 11 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CY9ZD UT WOS:000366764000009 ER PT J AU Shen, J Zhao, J Bartoszewski, G Malepszy, S Havey, M Chen, JF AF Shen, Jia Zhao, Juan Bartoszewski, Grzegorz Malepszy, Stefan Havey, Michael Chen, Jinfeng TI Persistence and Protection of Mitochondrial DNA in the Generative Cell of Cucumber is Consistent with its Paternal Transmission SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CsDPD1; Cucumber; Exonuclease; mtDNA; Paternal transmission; Pollen ID MATERNAL INHERITANCE; GENOME; ARABIDOPSIS; DEGRADATION; EXPRESSION; EMBRYOGENESIS; EXONUCLEASE; MECHANISMS; SENESCENCE; GENETICS AB Plants predominantly show maternal transmission of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). One known exception is cucumber, in which the mtDNA is paternally inherited. However, the mechanisms regulating this unique mode of transmission are unclear. Here we monitored the amounts of mtDNA throughout the development of cucumber microspores into pollen and observed that mtDNA decreases in the vegetative cell, but persists in the generative cell that ultimately produces the sperm cells. We characterized the cucumber homolog (CsDPD1) of the Arabidopsis gene defective in pollen organelle DNA degradation 1 (AtDPD1), which plays a direct role in mtDNA degradation. CsDPD1 rescued an Arabidopsis AtDPD1 mutant, indicating the same function in both plants. Expression of CsDPD1 coincided with the decrease of mtDNA in pollen, except in the generative cell where both the expression of CsDPD1 and mtDNA levels remained high. Our cytological results confirmed that the persistence of mtDNA in the cucumber generative cell is consistent with its paternal transmission. Our molecular analyses suggest that protection of mtDNA in the generative cell may be the critical factor for paternal mtDNA transmission, rather than mtDNA degradation mediated by CsDPD1. Taken together, these findings indicate that a mechanism may protect paternal mtDNA from degradation and is likely to be the genetic basis of paternal mtDNA transmission. C1 [Shen, Jia; Zhao, Juan; Chen, Jinfeng] Nanjing Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Shen, Jia] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bartoszewski, Grzegorz; Malepszy, Stefan] Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Fac Hort Biotechnol & Lands Ape Architecture, Dept Plant Genet Breeding & Biotechnol, PL-02776 Warsaw, Poland. [Havey, Michael] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Havey, Michael] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Chen, JF (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jfchen@njau.edu.cn RI Bartoszewski, Grzegorz/M-8458-2016 OI Bartoszewski, Grzegorz/0000-0002-6197-770X FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31430075, 31071801, 31572134]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) [2012CB113900]; Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest [201403032]; National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) [2012AA100202]; Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [31430075; 31071801; 31572134]; the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) [2012CB113900]; Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest [201403032]; The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) [2012AA100202]; the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-0781 EI 1471-9053 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 56 IS 11 BP 2271 EP 2282 DI 10.1093/pcp/pcv140 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA CZ6CY UT WOS:000367190000017 PM 26412781 ER PT J AU Bell, JE Leeper, RD Palecki, MA Coopersmith, E Wilson, T Bilotta, R Embler, S AF Bell, Jesse E. Leeper, Ronald D. Palecki, Michael A. Coopersmith, Evan Wilson, Tim Bilotta, Rocky Embler, Scott TI Evaluation of the 2012 Drought with a Newly Established National Soil Monitoring Network SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE REFERENCE NETWORK; MOISTURE AB The NOAA United States Climate Reference Network (USCRN) deployed soil moisture sensors during 2009 to 2011 to monitor the temporal and spatial variability of soil moisture at 114 locations in the contiguous United States. These new soil observations will enhance our understanding of changing soil conditions for better drought monitoring. One year after full deployment of the network, a large drought occurred across most of the United States and provided an opportunity to evaluate the utility of this network for drought monitoring. The soil moisture signal of the 2012 drought in the continental United States was detected nationally at all observational depths (5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 cm), with an overall 11.07% decrease from the average of the 2011 to 2013 summers. The top three depths (5, 10, and 20 cm) experienced the largest decrease in soil moisture. Although 2013 national precipitation totals returned to normal values and national soil moisture levels recovered from the 2012 drought, the national average soil moisture concentrations combined at the 50- and 100-cm depths remained around 18% below pre-drought levels. Regional analysis of the 2012 drought identified that the Upper Midwest, Northeast, Northern Rockies and Plains, and Ohio Valley climate regions were most impacted and demonstrated a temporal pattern similar to the national analysis. These results demonstrate the utility of using USCRN for monitoring national soil moisture conditions, assessing droughts, and tracking climate change with time. C1 [Bell, Jesse E.; Leeper, Ronald D.] N Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Bell, Jesse E.; Leeper, Ronald D.; Palecki, Michael A.; Bilotta, Rocky; Embler, Scott] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Coopersmith, Evan] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wilson, Tim] NOAA, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Bilotta, Rocky; Embler, Scott] ERT Inc, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. RP Bell, JE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. EM jesse.bell@noaa.gov RI Wilson, Timothy/C-9863-2016 OI Wilson, Timothy/0000-0003-1785-5323 FU NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina [NA14NES432003]; NOAA Climate Program Office FX This work was supported by NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina under Cooperative Agreement NA14NES432003. The USCRN is supported by the NOAA Climate Program Office. We especially thank M. Kruk and M. Brewer for their review comments and suggestions. We also thank T. Caldwell and three external reviewers for their editorial assistance. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official NOAA or US government position, policy, or decision. Data from this study can be accessed at the NOAA USCRN webpage (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/crn/). NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 14 IS 11 DI 10.2136/vzj2015.02.0023 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA CZ6QL UT WOS:000367225700005 ER PT J AU Broders, K Munck, I Wyka, S Iriarte, G Beaudoin, E AF Broders, Kirk Munck, Isabel Wyka, Stephen Iriarte, Gloria Beaudoin, Eric TI Characterization of Fungal Pathogens Associated with White Pine Needle Damage (WPND) in Northeastern North America SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE brown spot needle blight; needle cast; emerging disease; eastern white pine; defoliation ID MYCOSPHAERELLA-DEARNESSII OCCURS; CANAVIRGELLA BANFIELDII; LOPHOPHACIDIUM-DOOKSII; BIOTIC DISTURBANCES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SP-NOV; ROTUNDATA; FORESTS AB Eastern white pine is a crucial ecological and economic component of forests in the northern USA and eastern Canada, and is now facing an emerging problem in white pine needle damage (WPND). It is still unclear whether WPND results from one, or the combination of several fungal pathogens. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to characterize the fungi associated with WPND in the northeastern United States and document the damage being done to mature eastern white pine as a result of repeated defoliation. To date, 22 species of fungi, either cultured from diseased pine needles or formed fruiting bodies on pine needles were identified based on morphology and sequence data. Lecanosticta acicola and a putative new species of Septorioides were the species most frequently recovered from diseased needles, in addition to needle cast fungi Lophophacidium dooksii and Bifusella linearis, two obligate fungal pathogens that were frequently observed on pine needles in the northeast, but have not been known to cause excessive defoliation of eastern white pine. A second objective was to monitor yearly the health of 63 pairs of healthy and unhealthy trees in eight affected locations throughout New England. Since 2012, affected trees are increasingly and repeatedly chlorotic and defoliated every year. Trees that were initially healthy are now exhibiting symptoms. While L. acicola appears to be the primary pathogen causing WPND, several other common needle pathogens are being more frequently observed and the role of climate change may be important in the disease ecology of WPND. These defoliation events, while once a sporadic occurrence, have now become more frequent as observed in continued crown deterioration of eastern white pine in long-term monitoring plots followed during the course of this three-year study. C1 [Broders, Kirk; Wyka, Stephen; Iriarte, Gloria; Beaudoin, Eric] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Munck, Isabel] US Forest Serv, USDA, State & Private Forestry, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Broders, K (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM kirk.broders@colostate.edu; imunck@fs.fed.us; stephenwyka@gmail.com; giri05@mac.com; esi35@wildcats.unh.edu OI Munck, Isabel/0000-0001-6889-9196 FU U.S. Forest Service Evaluation Monitoring grant [NE-EM-B-13-03] FX We would like to thank UNH undergraduate student Gabriella Hernandez for her assistance with fungal isolation, UNH graduate students Mike Simmons and Cameron McIntire for assitance rating trees as well as Forest Health State Cooperators from Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont for collecting and sending in infected pine needles. We would also like to thank Rebecca Lilja, U.S. Forest Service, for map creation. This work was funded by the U.S. Forest Service Evaluation Monitoring grant #NE-EM-B-13-03. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 13 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD NOV PY 2015 VL 6 IS 11 BP 4088 EP 4104 DI 10.3390/f6114088 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CX4XN UT WOS:000365704000016 ER PT J AU Munck, IA Livingston, W Lombard, K Luther, T Ostrofsky, WD Weimer, J Wyka, S Broders, K AF Munck, Isabel A. Livingston, William Lombard, Kyle Luther, Thomas Ostrofsky, William D. Weimer, Jennifer Wyka, Stephen Broders, Kirk TI Extent and Severity of Caliciopsis Canker in New England, USA: An Emerging Disease of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Caliciopsis pinea; pine canker; pine pathogen; fungus; forest disease AB Caliciopsis canker is an emerging problem in Pinus growing regions of Eastern North America. The fungal disease caused by Caliciopsis pinea is associated with overstocked stands and poor sites, but few quantitative data are available. The objective of this study, therefore, was to assess the extent and severity of Caliciopsis canker and to explore environmental variables associated with disease to identify areas at risk of damage. During 2014, 58 sites across New England with >75% P. strobus basal area in public lands were surveyed. Most sites (72%) had Caliciopsis canker signs or symptoms. Caliciopsis pinea was successfully identified with molecular techniques. In sites with Caliciopsis canker, 36% of the mature pines were symptomatic. Pole sized and suppressed trees were more likely to be damaged than larger trees with dominant crown positions (p < 0.05). Pinus strobus density for sites with Caliciopsis canker was 311 trees/ha (mean P. strobus stand diameter = 40 cm) compared to 220 trees/ha (mean white pine stand diameter = 43 cm) for sites without Caliciopsis canker (p = 0.1). Caliciopsis canker symptoms tended to appear more frequently in stands with excessively drained, coarse textured soils derived from glacial outwash (86%) or stands with poorly drained soils and low fertility (78%) than in stands with well drained, more fertile soils (59%) (p = 0.1). The severity of symptoms varied among soil groups and was greater for excessively drained, nutrient poor soils than for well-drained, more fertile soils (p = 0.027). C1 [Munck, Isabel A.; Luther, Thomas] US Forest Serv, NA State & Private Forestry, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Livingston, William] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Lombard, Kyle; Weimer, Jennifer] New Hampshire Dept Resources & Econ Dev, New Hampshire Div Forests & Lands, Concord, NH 03302 USA. [Ostrofsky, William D.] Maine Forest Serv, Maine Dept Agr Conservat & Forestry, Augusta, ME 04333 USA. [Wyka, Stephen; Broders, Kirk] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Munck, IA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, NA State & Private Forestry, USDA, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM imunck@fs.fed.us; WilliamL@maine.edu; kyle.lombard@dred.state.nh.us; tluther@fs.fed.us; bill.ostrofsky@maine.gov; Jennifer.Weimer@dred.nh.gov; kirk.broders@unh.edu; stephenwyka@gmail.com RI Munck, Isabel/R-8693-2016 OI Munck, Isabel/0000-0001-6889-9196 FU USDA Forest Service [14-DG-11420004-155, 14-DG-11420004-161, 14-DG-1142004-229] FX This work was funded by USDA Forest Service grants # 14-DG-11420004-155, 14-DG-11420004-161, and 14-DG-1142004-229. The authors would like to thank Jake Mavrogeorge from the USFS STEP/Pathway Program, Maia Beh, and Wayne Searles for field assistance, Garret Dubois for C. pinea ascocarp photograph, Dr. Nicola Luchi for C. pinea sequence data for isolates from Italy and Michelle Cram from the USFS for the sequence data for the C. pinea isolates from West Virginia. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD NOV PY 2015 VL 6 IS 11 BP 4360 EP 4373 DI 10.3390/f6114360 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CX4XN UT WOS:000365704000028 ER PT J AU Zhang, XF Ohm, JB Haring, S DeHaan, LR Anderson, JA AF Zhang, Xiaofei Ohm, Jae-Bom Haring, Steven DeHaan, Lee R. Anderson, James A. TI Towards the understanding of end-use quality in intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium): High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, protein polymerization, and mixing characteristics SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium); Size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC); Mixograph; High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) ID HMW-GS GENE; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; PERENNIAL GRAINS; BREAD WHEAT; INSIGHTS; LINES AB Intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium; IWG), is a perennial crop that is well-known for providing good environmental services. As a perennial relative of wheat, IWG has good potential for development into a perennial grain crop. But the diversity and potential of the end-use quality of IWG grain are still unknown. Here, to understand the end-use quality of IWG, we investigated the variability among seed from 60 IWG genotypes in high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS), protein polymerization, and mixing characteristics. IWG genotypes have high grain protein content, ranging from 16.4 to 23.6%. Of the total proteins, the percentage of polymeric proteins show a large range across IWG genotypes, varying from 9.2 to 25.1%. Many genotypes have limited amounts of polymeric proteins, but several genotypes have large amounts of polymeric proteins and promising mixing properties, comparable to common wheat, Triticum aestivum. The amount of protein polymers in the SDS buffer unextractable fraction are significantly correlated (r >= 0.76) with mixograph parameters. Furthermore, we observed that HMW-GS variants showed differential contribution to protein polymerization and mixograph parameters. But the composition of HMW-GS in IWG was contributed by both parents, which might bring challenges for the evaluation of grain quality of open-pollinated IWG genotypes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Xiaofei; Haring, Steven; Anderson, James A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Ohm, Jae-Bom] USDA ARS RRVARC NCSL, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Hard Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab, NDSU Dept 7640, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [DeHaan, Lee R.] Land Inst, Salina, KS 67401 USA. RP Anderson, JA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, 1991 Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM ander319@umn.edu OI DeHaan, Lee/0000-0002-6368-5241 FU Initiative of Renewable Energy & the Environment, University of Minnesota [RL_0015-12] FX This work was supported by The Initiative of Renewable Energy & the Environment, University of Minnesota, grant number RL_0015-12. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 EI 1095-9963 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 66 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2015.10.008 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CY6SY UT WOS:000366540300012 ER PT J AU Mkhwanazi, M Chavez, JL Andales, AA DeJonge, K AF Mkhwanazi, Mcebisi Chavez, Jose L. Andales, Allan A. DeJonge, Kendall TI SEBAL-A: A Remote Sensing ET Algorithm that Accounts for Advection with Limited Data. Part II: Test for Transferability SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE SEBAL; SEBAL-A; effective advection; surface roughness ID RATIO-ENERGY-BALANCE; LATENT-HEAT FLUX; AERODYNAMIC PARAMETERS; SURFACE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; ENVIRONMENT; MANAGEMENT; ACCURACY; INDEX; MODEL AB Because the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) tends to underestimate ET when there is advection, the model was modified by incorporating an advection component as part of the energy usable for crop evapotranspiration (ET). The modification involved the estimation of advected energy, which required the development of a wind function. In Part I, the modified SEBAL model (SEBAL-A) was developed and validated on well-watered alfalfa of a standard height of 40-60 cm. In this Part II, SEBAL-A was tested on different crops and irrigation treatments in order to determine its performance under varying conditions. The crops used for the transferability test were beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and corn (Zea mays L.). The estimated ET using SEBAL-A was compared to actual ET measured using a Bowen Ratio Energy Balance (BREB) system. Results indicated that SEBAL-A estimated ET fairly well for beans and wheat, only showing some slight underestimation of a Mean Bias Error (MBE) of 0.7 mm center dot d-1 (-11.3%), a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.82 mm center dot d-1 (13.9%) and a Nash Sutcliffe Coefficient of Efficiency (NSCE) of 0.64. On corn, SEBAL-A resulted in an ET estimation error MBE of 0.7 mm center dot d-1 (-9.9%), a RMSE of 1.59 mm center dot d-1 (23.1%) and NSCE = 0.24. This result shows an improvement on the original SEBAL model, which for the same data resulted in an ET MBE of 1.4 mm center dot d-1 (-20.4%), a RMSE of 1.97 mm center dot d-1 (28.8%) and a NSCE of 0.18. When SEBAL-A was tested on only fully irrigated corn, it performed well, resulting in no bias, i.e., MBE of 0.0 mm center dot d-1; RMSE of 0.78 mm center dot d-1 (10.7%) and NSCE of 0.82. The SEBAL-A model showed less or no improvement on corn that was either water-stressed or at early stages of growth. The errors incurred under these conditions were not due to advection not accounted for but rather were due to the nature of SEBAL and SEBAL-A being single-source energy balance models and, therefore, not performing well over heterogeneous surfaces. Therefore, it was concluded that SEBAL-A could be used on a wide range of crops if they are not water stressed. It is recommended that the SEBAL-A model be further studied to be able to accurately estimate ET under dry and sparse surface conditions. C1 [Mkhwanazi, Mcebisi; Chavez, Jose L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Andales, Allan A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [DeJonge, Kendall] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Chavez, JL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM mcebisimk@yahoo.com; jose.chavez@colostate.edu; allan.andales@colostate.edu; kendall.dejonge@ars.usda.gov FU Institute of International Education (IIE) through the Fulbright Science and Technology Program; Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station; Colorado State University Arkansas Valley Research Center (AVRC) FX We would like to thank the USDA-ARS in Fort Collins for providing the Bowen Ratio Energy Balance (BREB) system data from the Limited Irrigation Research Farm near Greeley, with special thanks to Walter Bausch who collected and processed the 2008-2012 data. We also thank Tom Trout and Jay Ham, for their valuable comments and inputs. Last but not least, we thank the Institute of International Education (IIE) through the Fulbright Science and Technology Program for funding part of this work, including publishing costs. The support of Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station and Colorado State University Arkansas Valley Research Center (AVRC) is also greatly appreciated. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 7 IS 11 BP 15068 EP 15081 DI 10.3390/rs71115068 PG 14 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA CY1RL UT WOS:000366185200035 ER PT J AU Lou, Y Han, YC Yang, L Wu, MD Zhang, J Cheng, JS Wang, MY Jiang, DH Chen, WD Li, GQ AF Lou, Yi Han, Yongchao Yang, Long Wu, Mingde Zhang, Jing Cheng, Jiasen Wang, Moying Jiang, Daohong Chen, Weidong Li, Guoqing TI CmpacC regulates mycoparasitism, oxalate degradation and antifungal activity in the mycoparasitic fungus Coniothyrium minitans SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SCLEROTINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; AMBIENT PH; COLLETOTRICHUM-GLOEOSPORIOIDES; NUTRITIONAL FACTORS; CONTROLS VIRULENCE; OXALIC-ACID; GENE; PACC; EXPRESSION AB The PacC/Rim101 pH-responsive transcription factor is an important pathogenicity element for many plant-pathogenic fungi. In this study, we investigated the roles of a PacC homologue, CmpacC, in the mycoparasitic fungus Coniothyrium minitans. CmpacC was confirmed to have the transcriptional activation activity by the transcriptional activation test in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Disruption of CmpacC resulted in impaired fungal responses to ambient pH. Compared to the wild-type, the CmpacC-disruption mutant CmpacC-29 was significantly suppressed for activities of chitinase and -1,3-glucanase at pH 5 and 7, consistent with reduced expression levels of Cmch1 and Cmg1 coding for the two enzymes respectively. However, the mutant displayed acidity-mimicking phenotypes such as improved oxalate degradation and increased antifungal activity at pH 6 or higher. Improved efficacy in oxalate degradation by CmpacC-29 was consistent with the enhanced expression level of Cmoxdc1 coding for oxalate decarboxylase. CmpacC transcriptional activation of Cmch1 and Cmg1 and repression of Cmoxdc1 were verified by the presence of the PacC/Rim101 consensus binding-motifs in gene promoter regions and by the promoter DNA-binding assays. This study suggests that CmpacC plays an activator role in regulation of C. minitans mycoparasitism, whereas plays a repressor role in regulation of oxalate degradation and possibly antifungal activity of C. minitans. C1 [Lou, Yi; Han, Yongchao; Yang, Long; Wu, Mingde; Zhang, Jing; Cheng, Jiasen; Wang, Moying; Jiang, Daohong; Li, Guoqing] Huazhong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Lou, Yi; Han, Yongchao; Yang, Long; Wu, Mingde; Zhang, Jing; Cheng, Jiasen; Wang, Moying; Jiang, Daohong; Li, Guoqing] Huazhong Agr Univ, Key Lab Plant Pathol Hubei Prov, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Han, Yongchao] Hubei Acad Agr Sci, Inst Ind Crops, Wuhan 430064, Peoples R China. [Chen, Weidong] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Yang, L (reprint author), Huazhong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. EM yanglong@mail.hzau.edu.cn; guoqingli@mail.hzau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31272084, 31471813]; National '973' Basic Research Program of China [2012cb114000]; China's Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201103016] FX This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31272084 and 31471813), the National '973' Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012cb114000) and China's Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (Grant No. 201103016). We appreciate the kind help from Dr. J. Zhao of Huazhong Agricultural University (Wuhan, China) for providing the yeast strain AH109. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1462-2912 EI 1462-2920 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 17 IS 11 SI SI BP 4711 EP 4729 DI 10.1111/1462-2920.13018 PG 19 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CY1AV UT WOS:000366139500041 PM 26278965 ER PT J AU Galbreath, KE Hoberg, EP AF Galbreath, Kurt E. Hoberg, Eric P. TI Host responses to cycles of climate change shape parasite diversity across North America's Intermountain West SO FOLIA ZOOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE comparative phylogeography; co-evolution; host-switching; historical demography; Ochotona princeps; Pleistocene ID PIKA OCHOTONA-PRINCEPS; HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS; BIOGEOGRAPHIC HISTORY; POPULATION HISTORY; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; CLADISTIC-ANALYSIS; CO-PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; LAGOMORPHA; PHYLOGENY AB Host-parasite cospeciation, in which parasite divergence occurs in response to host divergence, is commonly proposed as a driver of parasite diversification, yet few empirical examples of strict cospeciation exist. Host-parasite co-evolutionary histories commonly reflect complex mosaics of cospeciation, dispersal, lineage extinction and other phenomena. The episodic host-switching model of parasite diversification accounts for complexity by suggesting that diversification and faunal assembly is a consequence of fluctuation between environmental disruption and environmental stability. The phylogeographic predictions of the strict cospeciation and episodic host-switching models were tested using the North American pika/parasite assemblage, with a primary focus on the American pika, Ochotona princeps (Richardson, 1828), and a suite of its endoparasitic cestodes and nematodes. This approach integrating phylogeographic and demographic methods with inferences drawn from species distribution modelling revealed that the parasite community of pikas has been shaped by climate-driven range fluctuation of hosts and bouts of geographic and host colonization by parasites associated with transitions between glacial and interglacial phases. C1 [Galbreath, Kurt E.] No Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Marquette, MI 49855 USA. [Hoberg, Eric P.] ARS, US Natl Parasite Collect, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Galbreath, KE (reprint author), No Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, 1401 Presque Isle Ave, Marquette, MI 49855 USA. EM kgalbrea@nmu.edu; eric.hoberg@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0506042, DEB 0196095, DEB 0415668, DEB 1258010, DEB 0343526]; American Society of Mammalogists; Sigma Xi; Andrew Mellon Foundation (Cornell); American Museum of Natural History; Cornell Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Microsoft Corporation FX This work was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (DEB 0506042 to K.E.G., DEB 0196095 and DEB 0415668 to E.P.H., DEB 1258010 to E.P.H and K.E.G., DEB 0343526 to K. Zamudio), American Society of Mammalogists, Sigma Xi, Andrew Mellon Foundation (Cornell), American Museum of Natural History and Cornell Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Resources of the Computational Biology Service Unit at Cornell University were used, which is partially funded by Microsoft Corporation. J. Cook, C. Dardia, M. Matocq, A. Barroll, S. Kiphart, K. Kiphart and K. Fryzel supported fieldwork. K. Zamudio, R. Harrison, I. Lovette, and two anonymous reviewers offered insightful comments on the manuscript. We appreciate the invitation by Hakan Gur and Utku Perktas to contribute to this special issue on phylogeography and species distribution modeling. NR 90 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 11 U2 23 PU INST VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY AS CR PI BRNO PA KVETNA 8, BRNO 603 65, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 0139-7893 EI 1573-1189 J9 FOLIA ZOOL JI Folia Zool. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 64 IS 3 BP 218 EP 232 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CY2LP UT WOS:000366240500004 ER PT J AU Garvin, DF Porter, H Blankenheim, ZJ Chao, SM Dill-Macky, R AF Garvin, David F. Porter, Hedera Blankenheim, Zachary J. Chao, Shiaoman Dill-Macky, Ruth TI A spontaneous segmental deletion from chromosome arm 3DL enhances Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE Fusarium; susceptibility; breeding; genetics; mapping ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; SPRING WHEAT; FHB RESISTANCE; QTL; GRAMINEARUM; GENE; DEOXYNIVALENOL; BARLEY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; LINES AB Much effort has been directed at identifying sources of resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat. We sought to identify molecular markers for what we hypothesized was a new major FHB resistance locus originating from the wheat cultivar 'Freedom' and introgressed into the susceptible wheat cultivar 'USU-Apogee'. An F-2:3 mapping population from a cross between Apogee and A30, its BC4 near-isoline exhibiting improved FHB resistance, was evaluated for resistance. The distribution of FHB resistance in the population approximated a 1: 3 moderately resistant : moderately susceptible + susceptible ratio. Separate disease evaluations established that A30 accumulated less deoxynivalenol and yielded a greater proportion of sound grain than Apogee. Molecular mapping revealed that the FHB resistance of A30 is associated with molecular markers on chromosome arm 3DL that exhibit a null phenotype in A30 but are present in both Apogee and Freedom, indicating a spontaneous deletion occurred during the development of A30. Aneuploid analysis revealed that the size of the deleted segment is approximately 19% of the arm's length. Our results suggest that the deleted interval of chromosome arm 3DL in Apogee may harbor FHB susceptibility genes that promote disease spread in infected spikes, and that their elimination increases FHB resistance in a novel manner. C1 [Garvin, David F.; Blankenheim, Zachary J.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Porter, Hedera; Dill-Macky, Ruth] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Garvin, DF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM David.Garvin@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture FX The authors wish to thank Yanhong Dong for providing DON analysis for this study. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This is a cooperative project with the U.S Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 12 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD NOV PY 2015 VL 58 IS 11 BP 479 EP 488 DI 10.1139/gen-2015-0088 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CY0QY UT WOS:000366111800004 PM 26524120 ER PT J AU Donovan, GH Michael, YL Gatziolis, D Prestemon, JP Whitsel, EA AF Donovan, Geoffrey H. Michael, Yvonne L. Gatziolis, Demetrios Prestemon, Jeffrey P. Whitsel, Eric A. TI Is tree loss associated with cardiovascular-disease risk in the Women's Health Initiative? A natural experiment SO HEALTH & PLACE LA English DT Article DE Natural environment; Pubic health; Cardiovascular disease; Lower respiratory ID EMERALD ASH BORER; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; URBAN GREEN SPACE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; NEIGHBORHOOD GREENNESS; FOOD ENVIRONMENT; BLOOD-PRESSURE; AIR-POLLUTION; NORTH-AMERICA; BODY-MASS AB Data from the Women's Health Initiative were used to quantify the relationship between the loss of trees to an invasive forest pest the emerald ash borer and cardiovascular disease. We estimated a semi-parametric Cox proportional hazards model of time to cardiovascular disease, adjusting for confounders. We defined the incidence of cardiovascular disease as acute myocardial infarction requiring overnight hospitalization, silent MI determined from serial electrocardiograms, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, or death from coronary heart disease. Women living in a county infested with emerald ash borer had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (HR =1.25, 95% CI: 1.20-1.31). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Donovan, Geoffrey H.; Gatziolis, Demetrios] Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Michael, Yvonne L.] Drexel Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Prestemon, Jeffrey P.] Southern Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Whitsel, Eric A.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Donovan, GH (reprint author), PNW Res Stn, 620 SW Main,Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205 USA. EM gdonovan@fs.fed.us NR 67 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 11 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1353-8292 EI 1873-2054 J9 HEALTH PLACE JI Health Place PD NOV PY 2015 VL 36 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.08.007 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CX9BW UT WOS:000366000700001 PM 26335885 ER PT J AU Park, Y Kumar, S Kanumuri, R Stanley, D Kim, Y AF Park, Youngjin Kumar, Sunil Kanumuri, Rahul Stanley, David Kim, Yonggyun TI A novel calcium-independent cellular PLA(2) acts in insect immunity and larval growth SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PLA(2); Eicosanoid; Immune; RNA interference; Spodoptera exigua ID CA2+-INDEPENDENT PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2); PLASMATOCYTE-SPREADING PEPTIDE; HORNWORM MANDUCA-SEXTA; SPODOPTERA-EXIGUA; TOBACCO HORNWORM; XENORHABDUS-NEMATOPHILA; BEET ARMYWORM; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC BACTERIUM; HEMOCYTE PHAGOCYTOSIS; EICOSANOIDS AB Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) catalyzes the position-specific hydrolysis of fatty acids linked to the sn-2 position of phospholipids (PLs). PLA(2)s make up a very large superfamily, with more than known 15 groups, classified into secretory PLA(2) (sPLA(2)), Ca2+-dependent cellular PLA(2) (sPLA(2)) and Ca2+-independent cellular PLA(2) (iPLA(2)). Only a few insect sPLA(2)s, expressed in venom glands and immune tissues, have been characterized at the molecular level. This study aimed to test our hypothesis that insects express iPLA(2), using the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, our model insect. Substantial PLA(2) activities under calcium-free condition were recorded in several larval tissue preparations. The PLA(2) activity was significantly reduced in reactions conducted in the presence of a specific IPLA(2) inhibitor, bromoenol lactone (BEL). Analysis of a S. exigua hemocyte transcriptome identified a candidate iPLA(2) gene (SeiPLA(2)-A). The open reading frame encoded 816 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of 90.5 kDa and 6.15 pI value. Our phylogenetic analysis clustered SeiPLA(2)-A with the other vertebrate iPLA(2)s. SeiPLA(2)-A was expressed in all tissues we examined, including hemocytes, fat body, midgut, salivary glands, Malpighian tubules and epidermis. Heterologous expression in Sf9 cells indicated that SeiPLA(2)-A was localized in cytoplasm and exhibited significant PLA(2) activity, which was independent of Ca2+ and inhibited by BEL. RNA interference (RNA of SeiPLA(2)-A using its specific dsRNA in the fifth instar larvae significantly suppressed iPLA(2) expression and enzyme activity. dsSeiPLA(2)-A-treated larvae exhibited significant loss of cellular immune response, measured as nodule formation in response to bacterial challenge, and extended larval-to-pupal developmental time. These results support our hypothesis, showing that SeiPLA(2)-A predicted from the transcriptome analysis catalyzes hydrolysis of fatty acids from cellular PLs and plays crucial physiological roles in insect immunity and larval growth. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Park, Youngjin; Kumar, Sunil; Kanumuri, Rahul; Kim, Yonggyun] Andong Natl Univ, Dept Bioresource Sci, Andong 760749, South Korea. [Stanley, David] ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, USDA, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Andong Natl Univ, Dept Bioresource Sci, Andong 760749, South Korea. EM hosanna@andong.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation of Korea [2013R1A1A2A10058197] FX This study was supported by a general researcher program (2013R1A1A2A10058197) of National Research Foundation of Korea. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. All programs and services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, marital status, or handicap. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 10 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 EI 1879-0240 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 66 BP 13 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.09.012 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA CY5JH UT WOS:000366443400002 PM 26429672 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Chan, KL Mahoney, N AF Kim, Jong H. Chan, Kathleen L. Mahoney, Noreen TI Augmenting the Activity of Monoterpenoid Phenols against Fungal Pathogens Using 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde that Target Cell Wall Integrity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE antimycotic; benzaldehydes; cell wall integrity; chemosensitization; filamentous fungi; monoterpenoids; mycotoxins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; signal transduction; synergism ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS SPEARE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; FLUCONAZOLE RESISTANCE; PENICILLIUM-EXPANSUM; AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FUMIGATUS AB Disruption of cell wall integrity system should be an effective strategy for control of fungal pathogens. To augment the cell wall disruption efficacy of monoterpenoid phenols (carvacrol, thymol), antimycotic potency of benzaldehyde derivatives that can serve as chemosensitizing agents were evaluated against strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae wild type (WT), slt2 and bck1 (mutants of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and MAPK kinase kinase, respectively, in the cell wall integrity pathway). Among fourteen compounds investigated, slt2 and bck1 showed higher susceptibility to nine benzaldehydes, compared to WT. Differential antimycotic activity of screened compounds indicated structure-activity relationship for targeting the cell wall integrity, where 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (2H4M) exhibited the highest antimycotic potency. The efficacy of 2H4M as an effective chemosensitizer to monoterpenoid phenols (viz., 2H4M + carvacrol or thymol) was assessed in yeasts or filamentous fungi (Aspergillus, Penicillium) according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing or Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute M38-A protocols, respectively. Synergistic chemosensitization greatly lowers minimum inhibitory or fungicidal concentrations of the co-administered compounds. 2H4M also overcame the tolerance of two MAPK mutants (sakA, mpkC) of Aspergillus fumigatus to fludioxonil (phenylpyrrole fungicide). Collectively, 2H4M possesses chemosensitizing capability to magnify the efficacy of monoterpenoid phenols, which improves target-based (viz., cell wall disruption) antifungal intervention. C1 [Kim, Jong H.; Chan, Kathleen L.; Mahoney, Noreen] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jongheon.kim@ars.usda.gov; kathy.chan@ars.usda.gov; noreen.mahoney@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5325-42000-037-00D] FX This research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-037-00D. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-0067 J9 INT J MOL SCI JI Int. J. Mol. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 16 IS 11 BP 26850 EP 26870 DI 10.3390/ijms161125988 PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA CX4DI UT WOS:000365648300060 PM 26569223 ER PT J AU Snelling, WM Bennett, GL Keele, JW Kuehn, LA McDaneld, TG Smith, TP Thallman, RM Kalbfleisch, TS Pollak, EJ AF Snelling, W. M. Bennett, G. L. Keele, J. W. Kuehn, L. A. McDaneld, T. G. Smith, T. P. Thallman, R. M. Kalbfleisch, T. S. Pollak, E. J. TI A survey of polymorphisms detected from sequences of popular beef breeds SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; genome sequence; polymorphism ID LONGISSIMUS PALATABILITY TRAITS; EXPECTED PROGENY DIFFERENCES; BIOLOGICAL TYPES; NATURAL-SELECTION; READ ALIGNMENT; BOS-TAURUS; CATTLE; GENOME; CARCASS; SNP AB The genome sequence was obtained from 270 sires used in the Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) project. These bulls included 154 purebred AI sires from GPE Cycle VII breeds (Hereford, Angus, Simmental, Limousin, Charolais, Gelbvieh, and Red Angus), 83 F1 crosses of those breeds, and 33 AI sires from 8 other breeds. The exome capture sequence targeting coding regions of the genome was obtained from 176 of these bulls. Sequence reads were mapped to the UMD 3.1 bovine genome assembly; a mean of 2.5-fold (x) coverage per bull was obtained from the genomic sequence, and the targeted exons were covered at a mean of 20.0x. Over 28.8 million biallelic sequence variants were detected where each allele was present in at least 3 different bulls. These included 22.0 million previously reported variants and 94.1% of the 774,660 autosomal and BTA X SNP on the BovineHD BeadChip assay (HD). More than 92% of the variants detected in targeted exons were also detected from the low-coverage genome sequence. Less than 1% of the variants detected from the combined genome and exome sequence occurred in annotated protein-coding sequences and 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTR) surrounding the 19,994 annotated protein coding regions. Variation was detected in the coding sequence or UTR of 96.8% of the genes: loss-of-function variants were predicted for 3,298 genes, 14,973 contained nonsynonymous variants, 11,276 had variation in UTR, and 17,721 genes contained synonymous variants. Minor allele frequencies (MAF) were <0.05 for 47.8% of the coding sequence and UTR variants, and MAF distributions were skewed toward low MAF. In contrast, 11.1% of the HD SNP detected in these bulls had MAF < 0.05, and the distribution was skewed toward higher MAF. Genes involved in immune system processes and immune response were overrepresented among those genes containing high MAF loss-of-function and nonsynonymous polymorphisms. Detected variants were submitted to the National Center for Biotechnology Information genetic variation database (dbSNP) under the handle MARC, batch GPE_Bull_GenEx. C1 [Snelling, W. M.; Bennett, G. L.; Keele, J. W.; Kuehn, L. A.; McDaneld, T. G.; Smith, T. P.; Thallman, R. M.; Pollak, E. J.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Kalbfleisch, T. S.] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Louisville, KY 40202 USA. RP Snelling, WM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM warren.snelling@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 93 IS 11 BP 5128 EP 5143 DI 10.2527/jas.2015-9356 PG 16 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA CY3RC UT WOS:000366326300003 PM 26641033 ER PT J AU Amundson, OL Fountain, TH Larimore, EL Richardson, BN McNeel, AK Wright, EC Keisler, DH Cushman, RA Perry, GA Freetly, HC AF Amundson, O. L. Fountain, T. H. Larimore, E. L. Richardson, B. N. McNeel, A. K. Wright, E. C. Keisler, D. H. Cushman, R. A. Perry, G. A. Freetly, H. C. TI Postweaning nutritional programming of ovarian development in beef heifers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE heifer development; nutritional programming; ovarian reserve ID ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE; ANTRAL FOLLICLE COUNT; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; PREPUBERTAL HEIFERS; SLIT/ROBO PATHWAY; ESTROUS-CYCLE; HUMAN HOMOLOG; LEPTIN; COWS; EXPRESSION AB Peripubertal caloric restriction increases primordial follicle numbers at breeding, which may improve reproductive potential. Our hypothesis was that feed restriction was changing primordial follicle number through stimulation of follicle formation via leptin, roundabout axon guidance receptor, homolog 4 (ROBO4), or SLIT2 or through inhibition of follicle activation via anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). Heifers (n = 30) were fed a ration consisting of 30% alfalfa hay, 69.8% corn silage, and 0.2% salt as DM. Heifers received the control diet for 42 d before an initial 6 heifers were ovariectomized at 8 mo of age. The remaining 24 heifers were divided into 2 treatment groups. Controls were offered 97.9 g DM/kg BW0.75 over the entire feeding period. Stair-step heifers received 67.4 g DM/kg BW0.75 for 84 d. Following the 84-d restriction, heifers were stepped up to receive 118.9 g DM/kg BW0.75 over a 15-d period and were held at this feeding level 68 d. At the end of the feed restriction (11 mo of age), ovaries were collected from 6 heifers per treatment, and at the end of the refeeding period (13 mo of age), ovaries were collected from 6 heifers per treatment. Plasma leptin concentrations were greater in control heifers than in stair-step heifers at 11 mo of age (P < 0.0001). In histological sections, stair-step heifers had more primordial follicles (P = 0.03) than control heifers at 13 mo of age. There was no difference in secondary or antral follicle numbers between dietary treatment groups or ages. Relative abundance of ROBO4 mRNA in ovarian cortex of control heifers was greater at 13 mo than at 11 mo or before feed restriction (8 mo; P = 0.01). Relative abundance of ROBO4 mRNA in stair-step heifers at 13 mo was greater than before feed restriction (P = 0.02) and at 11 mo did not differ from 8 or 13 mo (P = 0.70). Relative abundance of SLIT2 mRNA in the ovarian cortex followed a similar pattern, being greater in stair-step heifers at 11 mo compared with control heifers (P = 0.001). At 13 mo, SLIT2 mRNA did not differ between treatments (P = 0.30). Abundance of AMH mRNA in the ovarian cortex did not change due to dietary treatment or age (P > 0.10). In conclusion, developing heifers on a stair-step compensatory growth scheme resulted in larger ovarian reserve before the onset of breeding, which may have beneficial effects on increasing reproductive lifespan. C1 [Amundson, O. L.; Fountain, T. H.; McNeel, A. K.; Wright, E. C.; Cushman, R. A.; Freetly, H. C.] ARS4, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Amundson, O. L.; Larimore, E. L.; Richardson, B. N.; Perry, G. A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Fountain, T. H.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Keisler, D. H.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Freetly, HC (reprint author), ARS4, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Harvey.Freetly@ars.usda.gov FU ARS Research Project (Strategies to Improve Heifer Selection and Heifer Development) [5438-31000-093-00D] FX The authors thank USMARC Cattle Operations and Angela Menke for expert care and handling of the animals, Suzy Hassler and Michelle McManus for technical assistance in the laboratory, and Donna Griess for assistance in preparation of the manuscript. This research was funded in part by ARS Research Project 5438-31000-093-00D (Strategies to Improve Heifer Selection and Heifer Development). NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 93 IS 11 BP 5232 EP 5239 DI 10.2527/jas.2015-9067 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA CY3RC UT WOS:000366326300013 PM 26641043 ER PT J AU Myer, PR Wells, JE Smith, TPL Kuehn, LA Freetly, HC AF Myer, P. R. Wells, J. E. Smith, T. P. L. Kuehn, L. A. Freetly, H. C. TI Cecum microbial communities from steers differing in feed efficiency SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid; cecum; feed efficiency; microbiome; operational taxonomic units ID BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; HOST-SPECIFICITY; GUT MICROBIOTA; BEEF-CATTLE; DIVERSITY; RUMEN; GROWTH; FECES; DIET; UNIFRAC AB Apart from the rumen, limited knowledge exists regarding the structure and function of bacterial communities within the gastrointestinal tract and their association with beef cattle feed efficiency. The objective of this study was to characterize the microbial communities of the cecum among steers differing in feed efficiency. Within 2 contemporary groups of steers, individual feed intake and BW gain were determined from animals fed the same diet. Within both of 2 contemporary groups, BW was regressed on feed intake and 4 steers within each Cartesian quadrant were sampled (n = 16/group). Bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons were sequenced from the cecal content using next-generation sequencing technology. No significant changes in diversity or richness were detected among quadrants, and UniFrac principal coordinate analysis did not show any differences among quadrants for microbial communities within the cecum. The relative abundances of microbial populations and operational taxonomic units revealed significant differences among feed efficiency groups (P < 0.05). Firmicutes was the dominant cecal phylum in all groups and accounted for up to 81% of the populations among samples. Populations were also dominated by families Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Clostridiaceae, with significant shifts in the relative abundance of taxa among feed efficiency groups, including families Ruminococcaceae (P = 0.040), Lachnospiraceae (P = 0.020), Erysipelotrichaceae (P = 0.046), and Clostridiaceae (P = 0.043) and genera Coprobacillus (P = 0.049), Parabacteroides (P = 0.044), Blautia (P = 0.042), Ruminococcus (P = 0.040), Oscillospira (P = 0.042), and Prevotella (P = 0.042). The study identified cecal microbial associations with feed efficiency, ADG, and ADFI. This study suggests an association of the cecum microbial community with bovine feed efficiency at the 16S level. C1 [Myer, P. R.; Wells, J. E.; Smith, T. P. L.; Kuehn, L. A.; Freetly, H. C.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Freetly, HC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Harvey.Freetly@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68004-30214] FX This project is partially supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant number 2011-68004-30214 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 16 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 93 IS 11 BP 5327 EP 5340 DI 10.2527/jas.2015-9415 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA CY3RC UT WOS:000366326300022 PM 26641052 ER PT J AU Dean, D Wadl, PA Hadziabdic, D Klingeman, WE Ownley, BH Rinehart, TA Dattilo, AJ Scheffler, B Trigiano, RN AF Dean, Deborah Wadl, Phillip A. Hadziabdic, Denita Klingeman, William E. Ownley, Bonnie H. Rinehart, Timothy A. Dattilo, Adam J. Scheffler, Brian Trigiano, Robert N. TI Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure for the Native Tree Viburnum rufidulum Occurring in Kentucky and Tennessee SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE admixture; adoxaceae; genetic diversity; microsatellites; population genetics ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; MICROSATELLITES; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; MARKERS; INDICATORS; INFERENCE; ALLELES; PLANTS; RATES AB Viburnum rufidulum is a deciduous tree native to North America that has four-season appeal, which provides commercial horticultural value. In addition, the plant has unique and attractive red pubescence on leaf buds and petioles, common to no other Viburnum species. As habitat undergoes development and subsequent fragmentation of native plant populations, it is important to have baseline genetic information for this species. Little is known about the genetic diversity within populations of V. rufidulum. In this study, seven microsatellite loci were used to measure genetic diversity, population structure, and gene flow of 235 V. rufidulum trees collected from 17 locations in Kentucky and Tennessee. The genotype data were used to infer population genetic structure using the program InStruct and to construct an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram. A single population was indicated by the program InStruct and the dendrogram clustered the locations into two groups; however, little bootstrap support was evident. Observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.49 and 0.78, respectively. Low-to-moderate genetic differentiation (F-ST = 0.06) with evidence of gene flow (N-m = 4.82) was observed among 17 populations of V. rufidulum. A significant level of genetic diversity was evident among V. rufidulum populations with most of the genetic variations among individual trees (86.37%) rather than among populations (13.63%), and a Mantel test revealed significant correlation between genetic and geographical distance (r = 0.091, P = 0.001). The microsatellites developed herein provide an initial assessment or a baseline of genetic diversity for V. rufidulum in a limited area of the southeastern region of the United States. The markers are a genetic resource and can be of assistance in breeding programs, germplasm assessment, and future studies of V. rufidulum populations, as this is the first study to provide genetic diversity data for this native species. C1 [Dean, Deborah; Wadl, Phillip A.; Hadziabdic, Denita; Ownley, Bonnie H.; Trigiano, Robert N.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Klingeman, William E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Rinehart, Timothy A.] ARS, USDA, Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Dattilo, Adam J.] TN Valley Author, Biol Compliance, Knoxville, TN 37902 USA. [Scheffler, Brian] ARS, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Trigiano, RN (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 2505 EJ Chapman Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM rtrigian@utk.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU USDA [58-6404-1-637]; University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, AgResearch FX We thank USDA (grant number 58-6404-1-637) and University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, AgResearch for financial and facilities support of this project. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 140 IS 6 BP 523 EP 531 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CY2KU UT WOS:000366238300001 ER PT J AU Hazzouri, KM Flowers, JM Visser, HJ Khierallah, HSM Rosas, U Pham, GM Meyer, RS Johansen, CK Fresquez, ZA Masmoudi, K Haider, N El Kadri, N Idaghdour, Y Malek, JA Thirkhill, D Markhand, GS Krueger, RR Zaid, A Purugganan, MD AF Hazzouri, Khaled M. Flowers, Jonathan M. Visser, Hendrik J. Khierallah, Hussam S. M. Rosas, Ulises Pham, Gina M. Meyer, Rachel S. Johansen, Caryn K. Fresquez, Zoe A. Masmoudi, Khaled Haider, Nadia El Kadri, Nabila Idaghdour, Youssef Malek, Joel A. Thirkhill, Deborah Markhand, Ghulam S. Krueger, Robert R. Zaid, Abdelouahhab Purugganan, Michael D. TI Whole genome re-sequencing of date palms yields insights into diversification of a fruit tree crop SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; PHOENIX-DACTYLIFERA L.; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; OIL PALM; DOMESTICATION; SELECTION; DIVERSITY; ALIGNMENT; PROGRAM; DNA AB Date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) are the most significant perennial crop in arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa. Here, we present a comprehensive catalogue of approximately seven million single nucleotide polymorphisms in date palms based on whole genome re-sequencing of a collection of 62 cultivars. Population structure analysis indicates a major genetic divide between North Africa and the Middle East/South Asian date palms, with evidence of admixture in cultivars from Egypt and Sudan. Genome-wide scans for selection suggest at least 56 genomic regions associated with selective sweeps that may underlie geographic adaptation. We report candidate mutations for trait variation, including nonsense polymorphisms and presence/absence variation in gene content in pathways for key agronomic traits. We also identify a copia-like retrotransposon insertion polymorphism in the R2R3 myb-like orthologue of the oil palm virescens gene associated with fruit colour variation. This analysis documents patterns of post-domestication diversification and provides a genomic resource for this economically important perennial tree crop. C1 [Hazzouri, Khaled M.; Flowers, Jonathan M.; Meyer, Rachel S.; Purugganan, Michael D.] New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Flowers, Jonathan M.; Rosas, Ulises; Pham, Gina M.; Meyer, Rachel S.; Johansen, Caryn K.; Fresquez, Zoe A.; Purugganan, Michael D.] NYU, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Visser, Hendrik J.; Zaid, Abdelouahhab] United Arab Emirates Univ, Date Palm Res & Dev Unit, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Khierallah, Hussam S. M.] Univ Baghdad, Coll Agr, Date Palm Res Unit, Baghdad, Iraq. [Masmoudi, Khaled] Int Ctr Biosaline Agr, Dubai, U Arab Emirates. [Haider, Nadia] Atom Energy Commiss Syria, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Damascus, Syria. [El Kadri, Nabila] Minist Agr, Tech Ctr Dates, Kebili, Tunisia. [Idaghdour, Youssef] New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Div Sci & Math, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Malek, Joel A.] Weill Cornell Med Coll Qatar, Genom Core Lab, Doha 24144, Qatar. [Thirkhill, Deborah] Arizona State Univ, Arizona State Univ Date Palm Collect, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA. [Markhand, Ghulam S.] Shah Abdul Latif Univ, DPRI, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. [Krueger, Robert R.] USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Purugganan, MD (reprint author), New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, POB 129188, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. EM mp132@nyu.edu OI Rosas, Ulises/0000-0001-5088-2679; Khierallah, Hussam/0000-0002-0372-3496 FU NYU Abu Dhabi Research Institute; US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program (NSF PGRP); Human Frontier Science Program Postdoctoral Fellowship; NSF PGRP Postdoctoral Fellowship; Qatar Foundation National Research Priorities [NPRPX-014-4-001] FX We thank Marc Arnoux and Brianna Haining for technical assistance in the laboratory, Walter Sanseverino for providing R gene predictions, Sarah Seifi for helping compile the R genes, Florian Maumus for providing REPET predictions of repeats in the date palm genome, Robert J. Williamson for providing the script for heterozgosity calculations, Thomas M. Cahill for the fruit photos, Katherine Dorph for compiling fruit data and Dorian Fuller for illuminating discussions. We also thank Benoit Marchand and Muataz Barwani at New York University Abu Dhabi for assistance with high performance computing, and Nizar Drou for setting up JBrowse. This research was carried out on the High Performance Computing resources at New York University Abu Dhabi. This work was funded in part by grants from the NYU Abu Dhabi Research Institute and the US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program (NSF PGRP), as well as a Human Frontier Science Program Postdoctoral Fellowship to U.R. and an NSF PGRP Postdoctoral Fellowship to R.S.M. J.A.M.'s contribution to this work was supported by a grant from Qatar Foundation National Research Priorities, NPRPX-014-4-001. NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 48 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 6 AR 8824 DI 10.1038/ncomms9824 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CY3FZ UT WOS:000366295500010 PM 26549859 ER PT J AU Ma, L O'Connell, JR VanRaden, PM Shen, BT Padhi, A Sun, CY Bickhart, DM Cole, JB Null, DJ Liu, GE Da, Y Wiggans, GR AF Ma, Li O'Connell, Jeffrey R. VanRaden, Paul M. Shen, Botong Padhi, Abinash Sun, Chuanyu Bickhart, Derek M. Cole, John B. Null, Daniel J. Liu, George E. Da, Yang Wiggans, George R. TI Cattle Sex-Specific Recombination and Genetic Control from a Large Pedigree Analysis SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID LINKAGE MAP; BOVINE GENOME; MEIOTIC RECOMBINATION; DAIRY-CATTLE; BOS-TAURUS; SHEEP; CROSSOVERS; SELECTION; HOTSPOTS; MEIOSIS AB Meiotic recombination is an essential biological process that generates genetic diversity and ensures proper segregation of chromosomes during meiosis. From a large USDA dairy cattle pedigree with over half a million genotyped animals, we extracted 186,927 three-generation families, identified over 8.5 million maternal and paternal recombination events, and constructed sex-specific recombination maps for 59,309 autosomal SNPs. The recombination map spans for 25.5 Morgans in males and 23.2 Morgans in females, for a total studied region of 2,516 Mb (986 kb/cM in males and 1,085 kb/cM in females). The male map is 10% longer than the female map and the sex difference is most pronounced in the subtelomeric regions. We identified 1,792 male and 1,885 female putative recombination hotspots, with 720 hotspots shared between sexes. These hotspots encompass 3% of the genome but account for 25% of the genome-wide recombination events in both sexes. During the past forty years, males showed a decreasing trend in recombination rate that coincided with the artificial selection for milk production. Sex-specific GWAS analyses identified PRDM9 and CPLX1 to have significant effects on genome-wide recombination rate in both sexes. Two novel loci, NEK9 and REC114, were associated with recombination rate in both sexes, whereas three loci, MSH4, SMC3 and CEP55, affected recombination rate in females only. Among the multiple PRDM9 paralogues on the bovine genome, our GWAS of recombination hotspot usage together with linkage analysis identified the PRDM9 paralogue on chromosome 1 to be associated in the U.S. Holstein data. Given the largest sample size ever reported for such studies, our results reveal new insights into the understanding of cattle and mammalian recombination. C1 [Ma, Li; Shen, Botong; Padhi, Abinash] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [O'Connell, Jeffrey R.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [VanRaden, Paul M.; Bickhart, Derek M.; Cole, John B.; Null, Daniel J.; Liu, George E.; Wiggans, George R.] ARS, Anim Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Sun, Chuanyu] Natl Assoc Anim Breeders, Columbia, MO USA. [Da, Yang] Univ Minnesota, Dept Anim Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Ma, L (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM lima@umd.edu RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014; OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401; Bickhart, Derek/0000-0003-2223-9285 FU Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali (MIPAAF, Rome, Italy) [DM 10750-7303-2011]; Defra (London, UK); Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture [1265-31000-096-00] FX The Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali (MIPAAF, Rome, Italy) funded the HD genotypes contributed by the Innovagen project (DM 10750-7303-2011), and Defra (London, UK) funded the HD genotypes contributed by the United Kingdom as part of the Ruminant Genetic Improvement Network. This research was supported by appropriated project 1265-31000-096-00, "Improving Genetic Predictions in Dairy Animals Using Phenotypic and Genomic Information," of the Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 72 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 7 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 11 IS 11 AR e1005387 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005387 PG 24 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CY1PF UT WOS:000366179000001 PM 26540184 ER PT J AU Lim, J Kim, G Mo, C Kim, MS AF Lim, Jongguk Kim, Giyoung Mo, Changyeun Kim, Moon S. TI Design and Fabrication of a Real-Time Measurement System for the Capsaicinoid Content of Korean Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Powder by Visible and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE visible and near-infrared; spectroscopy; capsaicinoid content; red pepper powder; partial least square regression ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DIHYDROCAPSAICIN; PERICARP; HEAT; SEED AB This research aims to design and fabricate a system to measure the capsaicinoid content of red pepper powder in a non-destructive and rapid method using visible and near infrared spectroscopy (VNIR). The developed system scans a well-leveled powder surface continuously to minimize the influence of the placenta distribution, thus acquiring stable and representative reflectance spectra. The system incorporates flat belts driven by a sample input hopper and stepping motor, a powder surface leveler, charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensor-embedded VNIR spectrometer, fiber optic probe, and tungsten halogen lamp, and an automated reference measuring unit with a reference panel to measure the standard spectrum. The operation program includes device interface, standard reflectivity measurement, and a graphical user interface to measure the capsaicinoid content. A partial least square regression (PLSR) model was developed to predict the capsaicinoid content; 44 red pepper powder samples whose measured capsaicinoid content ranged 13.45-159.48 mg/100 g by per high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and 1242 VNIR absorbance spectra acquired by the pungency measurement system were used. The determination coefficient of validation (R-V(2)) and standard error of prediction (SEP) for the model with the first-order derivative pretreatment method for Korean red pepper powder were 0.8484 and +/- 13.6388 mg/100 g, respectively. C1 [Lim, Jongguk; Kim, Giyoung; Mo, Changyeun] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Agr Sci, Jeonju 54875, Jeollabuk Do, South Korea. [Kim, Moon S.] USDA ARS, BARC East, Environm Microbiol & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kim, G (reprint author), Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Agr Sci, 310 Nongsaengmyeng Ro, Jeonju 54875, Jeollabuk Do, South Korea. EM limjg@korea.kr; giyoung@korea.kr; cymoh100@korea.kr; Moon.Kim@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ01096901] FX This study was carried out with the support of "Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ01096901)", National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 12 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD NOV PY 2015 VL 15 IS 11 BP 27420 EP 27435 DI 10.3390/s151127420 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA CX4QW UT WOS:000365686400002 PM 26528973 ER PT J AU Mo, C Kim, G Lim, J Kim, MS Cho, H Cho, BK AF Mo, Changyeun Kim, Giyoung Lim, Jongguk Kim, Moon S. Cho, Hyunjeong Cho, Byoung-Kwan TI Detection of Lettuce Discoloration Using Hyperspectral Reflectance Imaging SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE hyperspectral imaging; multispectral imaging; lettuce; discoloration; image processing ID PHENOLIC METABOLISM; SPECTRAL FEATURES; CHLOROPHYLL; QUALITY; STORAGE; DEGRADATION; VEGETABLES; INHIBITORS; TISSUE; LEAVES AB Rapid visible/near-infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral imaging methods, employing both a single waveband algorithm and multi-spectral algorithms, were developed in order to discrimination between sound and discolored lettuce. Reflectance spectra for sound and discolored lettuce surfaces were extracted from hyperspectral reflectance images obtained in the 400-1000 nm wavelength range. The optimal wavebands for discriminating between discolored and sound lettuce surfaces were determined using one-way analysis of variance. Multi-spectral imaging algorithms developed using ratio and subtraction functions resulted in enhanced classification accuracy of above 99.9% for discolored and sound areas on both adaxial and abaxial lettuce surfaces. Ratio imaging (RI) and subtraction imaging (SI) algorithms at wavelengths of 552/701 nm and 557-701 nm, respectively, exhibited better classification performances compared to results obtained for all possible two-waveband combinations. These results suggest that hyperspectral reflectance imaging techniques can potentially be used to discriminate between discolored and sound fresh-cut lettuce. C1 [Mo, Changyeun; Kim, Giyoung; Lim, Jongguk] Natl Inst Agr Sci, Rural Dev Adm, Jeonju Si 54875, Jeollabuk Do, South Korea. [Kim, Moon S.] ARS, Environm Microbiol & Food Safety Lab, BARC East, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cho, Hyunjeong] Natl Agr Prod Qual Management Serv, Expt & Res Inst, Gimcheon Si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk D, South Korea. [Cho, Byoung-Kwan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Taejon 34134, South Korea. RP Cho, BK (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, 99 Daehak Ro, Taejon 34134, South Korea. EM cymoh100@korea.kr; giyoung@korea.kr; limjg@korea.kr; Moon.Kim@ars.usda.gov; hjcho201@korea.kr; chobk@cnu.ac.kr FU Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ00939901] FX This study was carried out with the support of "Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ00939901)", National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 16 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD NOV PY 2015 VL 15 IS 11 BP 29511 EP 29534 DI 10.3390/s151129511 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA CX4QW UT WOS:000365686400110 PM 26610510 ER PT J AU Quentin, AG Pinkard, EA Ryan, MG Tissue, DT Baggett, LS Adams, HD Maillard, P Marchand, J Landhausser, SM Lacointe, A Gibon, Y Anderegg, WRL Asao, S Atkin, OK Bonhomme, M Claye, C Chow, PS Clement-Vidal, A Davies, NW Dickman, LT Dumbur, R Ellsworth, DS Falk, K Galiano, L Grunzweig, JM Hartmann, H Hoch, G Hood, S Jones, JE Koike, T Kuhlmann, I Lloret, F Maestro, M Mansfield, SD Martinez-Vilalta, J Maucourt, M McDowell, NG Moing, A Muller, B Nebauer, SG Niinemets, U Palacio, S Piper, F Raveh, E Richter, A Rolland, G Rosas, T St Joanis, B Sala, A Smith, RA Sterck, F Stinziano, JR Tobias, M Unda, F Watanabe, M Way, DA Weerasinghe, LK Wild, B Wiley, E Woodruff, DR AF Quentin, Audrey G. Pinkard, Elizabeth A. Ryan, Michael G. Tissue, David T. Baggett, L. Scott Adams, Henry D. Maillard, Pascale Marchand, Jacqueline Landhaeusser, Simon M. Lacointe, Andre Gibon, Yves Anderegg, William R. L. Asao, Shinichi Atkin, Owen K. Bonhomme, Marc Claye, Caroline Chow, Pak S. Clement-Vidal, Anne Davies, Noel W. Dickman, L. Turin Dumbur, Rita Ellsworth, David S. Falk, Kristen Galiano, Lucia Grunzweig, Jose M. Hartmann, Henrik Hoch, Guenter Hood, Sharon Jones, Joanna E. Koike, Takayoshi Kuhlmann, Iris Lloret, Francisco Maestro, Melchor Mansfield, Shawn D. Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi Maucourt, Mickael McDowell, Nathan G. Moing, Annick Muller, Bertrand Nebauer, Sergio G. Niinemets, Ulo Palacio, Sara Piper, Frida Raveh, Eran Richter, Andreas Rolland, Gaelle Rosas, Teresa St Joanis, Brigitte Sala, Anna Smith, Renee A. Sterck, Frank Stinziano, Joseph R. Tobias, Mari Unda, Faride Watanabe, Makoto Way, Danielle A. Weerasinghe, Lasantha K. Wild, Birgit Wiley, Erin Woodruff, David R. TI Non-structural carbohydrates in woody plants compared among laboratories SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE extraction and quantification consistency; non-structural carbohydrate chemical analysis; particle size; reference method; soluble sugars; standardization; starch ID EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS SAPLINGS; TEMPERATE FOREST TREES; PEACH-TREES; CARBON LIMITATION; QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; RESOURCE LIMITATION; SEASONAL-CHANGES AB Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions. Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC. We asked whether NSC estimates in the recent literature could be quantitatively compared among studies. We also asked whether any differences among laboratories were related to the extraction and quantification methods used to determine starch and sugar concentrations. These questions were addressed by sending sub-samples collected from five woody plant tissues, which varied in NSC content and chemical composition, to 29 laboratories. Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC. Laboratory estimates differed substantially for all samples. For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g-1 for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g-1 for total NSC. Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R-2 = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC). For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g-1 for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g-1. Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83). Our results show that NSC estimates for woody plant tissues cannot be compared among laboratories. The relative changes in NSC between treatments measured within a laboratory may be comparable within and between laboratories, especially for starch. To obtain comparable NSC estimates, we suggest that users can either adopt the reference method given in this publication, or report estimates for a portion of samples using the reference method, and report estimates for a standard reference material. Researchers interested in NSC estimates should work to identify and adopt standard methods. C1 [Quentin, Audrey G.; Pinkard, Elizabeth A.] CSIRO, Land & Water, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Quentin, Audrey G.; Tissue, David T.; Ellsworth, David S.; Smith, Renee A.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia. [Ryan, Michael G.; Asao, Shinichi] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resources Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.; Asao, Shinichi] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.; Baggett, L. Scott] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Adams, Henry D.; Dickman, L. Turin; McDowell, Nathan G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Maillard, Pascale] Ctr Nancy, INRA, UMR 1137, Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestieres, F-54280 Champenoux, France. [Marchand, Jacqueline] Ctr Nancy, INRA, UMR 1137, Plateforme Tech Ecol Fonct OC 081,Ecol & Ecophysi, F-54280 Champenoux, France. [Landhaeusser, Simon M.; Chow, Pak S.; Wiley, Erin] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Lacointe, Andre; Bonhomme, Marc; St Joanis, Brigitte] INRA, UMR PIAF 0547, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Lacointe, Andre; Bonhomme, Marc; St Joanis, Brigitte] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Univ Clermont Ferrand 2, UMR PIAF 0547, F-6310 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Gibon, Yves; Moing, Annick] Bordeaux Univ, UMR1332, Biol Fruit & Pathol, INRA, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. [Gibon, Yves; Maucourt, Mickael; Moing, Annick] Ctr INRA, Plateforme Metabolome Ctr Genom Fonct Bordeaux, Ctr INRA, MetaboHUB,IBVM, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. [Anderegg, William R. L.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Environm Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Atkin, Owen K.; Weerasinghe, Lasantha K.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Div Plant Biol, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Atkin, Owen K.] Australian Natl Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Plant Energy Biol, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Claye, Caroline; Jones, Joanna E.] Univ Tasmania, Tasmanian Inst Agr, Sch Land & Food, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Clement-Vidal, Anne] CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France. [Davies, Noel W.] Univ Tasmania, Cent Sci Lab, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Dumbur, Rita; Grunzweig, Jose M.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, IL-7610001 Rehovot, Israel. [Falk, Kristen] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Galiano, Lucia] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Galiano, Lucia] Univ Freiburg, Inst Hydrol, D-79098 Freiburg, Germany. [Hartmann, Henrik; Kuhlmann, Iris] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Hoch, Guenter] Univ Basel, Dept Environm Sci Bot, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Hood, Sharon; Sala, Anna] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Koike, Takayoshi] Hokkaido Univ, Silviculture & Forest Ecol Studies, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. [Lloret, Francisco; Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi; Rosas, Teresa] CREAF, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Lloret, Francisco; Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Maestro, Melchor; Palacio, Sara] CSIC, IPE, Jaca 22700, Huesca, Spain. [Mansfield, Shawn D.; Unda, Faride] Univ British Columbia, Dept Wood Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Maucourt, Mickael] Univ Bordeaux, UMR 1332, Biol Fruit & Pathol, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. [Muller, Bertrand; Rolland, Gaelle] INRA, UMR LEPSE 759, F-34060 Montpellier, France. [Nebauer, Sergio G.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Plant Prod Dept, Valencia 46022, Spain. [Niinemets, Ulo; Tobias, Mari] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Dept Plant Physiol, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Piper, Frida] CIEP, Coyhaique, Chile. [Raveh, Eran] Gilat Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Dept Fruit Trees Sci, ARO, IL-85289 Dn Negev, Israel. [Richter, Andreas; Wild, Birgit] Univ Vienna, Dept Microbiol & Ecosyst Sci, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Sterck, Frank] Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Stinziano, Joseph R.; Way, Danielle A.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. [Watanabe, Makoto] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Inst Agr, Fuchu, Tokyo 1838509, Japan. [Way, Danielle A.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Weerasinghe, Lasantha K.] Univ Peradeniya, Fac Agr, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka. [Wild, Birgit] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Earth Sci, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Woodruff, David R.] USDA Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Quentin, AG (reprint author), CSIRO, Land & Water, Private Bag 12, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. EM audrey.quentin@csiro.au RI Wild, Birgit/E-6476-2012; Richter, Andreas/D-8483-2012; Hood, Sharon/E-5209-2015; Watanabe, Makoto/B-7464-2015; Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008; Nebauer, Sergio G/L-2904-2014; Landhausser, Simon/F-9910-2016; Niinemets, Ulo/A-3816-2008; Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi/D-3385-2014; Lloret, Francisco/H-2711-2015; Pinkard, Elizabeth /C-5804-2011; Quentin, Audrey/B-8459-2016; Galiano, Lucia/P-1818-2016; Atkin, Owen/C-8415-2009; Asao, Shinichi/R-9514-2016; Rosas, Teresa/I-3861-2016; Davies, Noel/J-7714-2014 OI Wild, Birgit/0000-0002-9611-0815; Richter, Andreas/0000-0003-3282-4808; Hood, Sharon/0000-0002-9544-8208; Watanabe, Makoto/0000-0003-2328-3990; Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738; Nebauer, Sergio G/0000-0001-7978-6680; Landhausser, Simon/0000-0002-4466-1607; Niinemets, Ulo/0000-0002-3078-2192; Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi/0000-0002-2332-7298; Lloret, Francisco/0000-0002-9836-4069; Pinkard, Elizabeth /0000-0002-3410-0099; Quentin, Audrey/0000-0002-6441-6545; Galiano, Lucia/0000-0003-0123-1882; Atkin, Owen/0000-0003-1041-5202; Asao, Shinichi/0000-0002-0334-5464; Stinziano, Joseph/0000-0002-7628-4201; Rosas, Teresa/0000-0002-8734-9752; Davies, Noel/0000-0002-9624-0935 FU McMaster fellowship [1158.C]; Juan de la Cierva contract (MCI project); OPAN, MAAMA, Spain [ARBALMONT/786-2012]; Fondecyt [11121175]; Estonian Ministry of Education and Science [IUT-8-3]; DOE-BER; LANL-LDRD; Spanish Government [CGL 2010-16376]; Montana Institute on Ecosystems' Graduate Enhancement Award from NSF EPSCoR Track-1 [NSF-IIA-1443108] FX M.G.R. was funded by McMaster fellowship (1158.C). S.P. was funded by Juan de la Cierva contract (MCI project) and project ARBALMONT/786-2012 (OPAN, MAAMA, Spain). F.P. was funded by Fondecyt 11121175. U.N. and M.T. were funded by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Science, grant IUT-8-3. N.G.M. and L.T.D. were funded by DOE-BER. H.D.A. was funded by LANL-LDRD. J.M.-V. was funded by the Spanish Government (CGL 2010-16376). S.H. was funded by the Montana Institute on Ecosystems' Graduate Enhancement Award from NSF EPSCoR Track-1 NSF-IIA-1443108. Valuable comments from Dr Mauricio Mencuccini (University of Edinburgh), Dan Binkley (Colorado State University) and two anonymous reviewers were also greatly appreciated. NR 113 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 29 U2 108 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X EI 1758-4469 J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 35 IS 11 BP 1146 EP 1165 DI 10.1093/treephys/tpv073 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CY6MV UT WOS:000366524100002 PM 26423132 ER PT J AU Hood, S Sala, A AF Hood, Sharon Sala, Anna TI Ponderosa pine resin defenses and growth: metrics matter SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE constitutive defense; forest management; induced defense; resin canals ID BARK BEETLE ATTACK; LOBLOLLY-PINE; CHEMICAL DEFENSES; NORTHERN ARIZONA; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; PLANT-RESISTANCE; PHLOEM THICKNESS; TREE RESISTANCE; CAMBIAL GROWTH; STAND DENSITY AB Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) cause widespread tree mortality in coniferous forests worldwide. Constitutive and induced host defenses are important factors in an individual tree's ability to survive an attack and in bottom-up regulation of bark beetle population dynamics, yet quantifying defense levels is often difficult. For example, in Pinus spp., resin flow is important for resistance to bark beetles but is extremely variable among individuals and within a season. While resin is produced and stored in resin ducts, the specific resin duct metrics that best correlate with resin flow remain unclear. The ability and timing of some pine species to produce induced resin is also not well understood. We investigated (i) the relationships between ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson) resin flow and axial resin duct characteristics, tree growth and physiological variables, and (ii) if mechanical wounding induces ponderosa pine resin flow and resin ducts in the absence of bark beetles. Resin flow increased later in the growing season under moderate water stress and was highest in faster growing trees. The best predictors of resin flow were nonstandardized measures of resin ducts, resin duct size and total resin duct area, both of which increased with tree growth. However, while faster growing trees tended to produce more resin, models of resin flow using only tree growth were not statistically significant. Further, the standardized measures of resin ducts, density and duct area relative to xylem area, decreased with tree growth rate, indicating that slower growing trees invested more in resin duct defenses per unit area of radial growth, despite a tendency to produce less resin overall. We also found that mechanical wounding induced ponderosa pine defenses, but this response was slow. Resin flow increased after 28 days, and resin duct production did not increase until the following year. These slow induced responses may allow unsuccessfully attacked or wounded trees to resist future bark beetle attacks. Forest management that encourages healthy, vigorously growing trees will also favor larger resin ducts, thereby conferring increased constitutive resistance to bark beetle attacks. C1 [Hood, Sharon; Sala, Anna] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Hood, Sharon] USDA Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Hood, S (reprint author), Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM sharonmhood@fs.fed.us RI Hood, Sharon/E-5209-2015 OI Hood, Sharon/0000-0002-9544-8208 FU USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire, Fuel, and Smoke Science Program; IM-SURE Program of National Science Foundation [0755560, 1157101]; National Science Foundation EPSCoR Track-1 [EPS-1101342, EPS-IIA-1443108]; College of Forestry and Conservation of the University of Montana [MONZ-1206] FX Funding for this work was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire, Fuel, and Smoke Science Program, the IM-SURE Program of National Science Foundation Award #0755560 and 1157101, and National Science Foundation EPSCoR Track-1 EPS-1101342 and EPS-IIA-1443108 (INSTEP 3). Partial support for A.S. was provided by McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Research Grant MONZ-1206 from the College of Forestry and Conservation of the University of Montana. NR 68 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 13 U2 41 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X EI 1758-4469 J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 35 IS 11 BP 1223 EP 1235 DI 10.1093/treephys/tpv098 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CY6MV UT WOS:000366524100007 PM 26433021 ER PT J AU Fortier, C Cintron, MS Rodgers, J AF Fortier, Chanel Cintron, Michael Santiago Rodgers, James TI Fourier Transform Infrared Macro-Imaging of Botanical Cotton Trash SO AATCC JOURNAL OF RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Cotton; Botanical trash; FTIR; Imaging; Infrared ID SPECTROSCOPY AB The marketability of cotton fiber is directly tied to the trash comingled with it. Trash can contaminate cotton during harvesting, ginning, and processing. Thus, the removal of trash is important from field to fabric. An ideal prerequisite to removing trash from lint is identifying what trash types are present. A relatively new and fast analytical technique has been gaining popularity among researchers is hyperspectral imaging. Coupling Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) imaging with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) and a focal plane array (FPA) detector allows for larger samples to be analyzed with speed and little to no sample preparation. It is the goal of this study to identify botanical trash using hyperspectral FTIR imaging as a feasibility study to facilitate wider utility of this method in the textile field and to use this data to create a spectral library. C1 [Fortier, Chanel] ARS USDA SRRC, Cotton Struct & Qual Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Fortier, Chanel; Cintron, Michael Santiago; Rodgers, James] USDA, SRRC, Washington, DC USA. RP Fortier, C (reprint author), ARS USDA SRRC, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM chanel.fortier@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC TEXTILE CHEMISTS COLORISTS PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12215, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 2330-5517 J9 AATCC J RES JI AATCC J. Res. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 2 IS 6 BP 1 EP 6 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA CX3DS UT WOS:000365576300001 ER PT J AU Allstadt, AJ Liebhold, AM Johnson, DM Davis, RE Haynes, KJ AF Allstadt, Andrew J. Liebhold, Andrew M. Johnson, Derek M. Davis, Robert E. Haynes, Kyle J. TI Temporal variation in the synchrony of weather and its consequences for spatiotemporal population dynamics SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gypsy moth; Lymantria dispar; Moran effect; periodicity; population model; regional stochasticity; spatial coherence; spatial synchrony; wavelet analysis; wavelet coherence ID FOREST INSECT OUTBREAKS; GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; SPATIAL SYNCHRONY; REGIONAL STOCHASTICITY; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; WAVELET ANALYSIS; NORTH-ATLANTIC; TIME-SERIES; CYCLES AB Over large areas, synchronous fluctuations in population density are often attributed to environmental stochasticity (e.g., weather) shared among local populations. This concept was first advanced by Patrick Moran who showed, based on several assumptions, that long-term population synchrony will equal the synchrony of environmental stochasticity among locations. We examine the consequences of violating one of Moran's assumptions, namely that environmental synchrony is constant through time. We demonstrate that the synchrony of weather conditions from regions across the United States varied considerably from 1895 to 2010. Using a simulation model modified from Moran's original study, we show that temporal variation in environmental synchrony can cause changes in population synchrony, which in turn can temporarily increase or decrease the amplitude of regional-scale population fluctuations. A case study using the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) provides empirical support for these predictions. This study provides theoretical and empirical evidence that temporal variation in environmental synchrony can be used to identify factors that synchronize population fluctuations and highlights a previously underappreciated cause of variability in population dynamics. C1 [Allstadt, Andrew J.; Haynes, Kyle J.] Univ Virginia, Blandy Expt Farm, Boyce, VA 22620 USA. [Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Johnson, Derek M.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. [Davis, Robert E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Allstadt, AJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forestry & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM allstadt@wisc.edu RI Johnson, Derek/B-6409-2012 FU National Science Foundation [DEB 1020614] FX We thank A. Evan, J. Walter, and E. Luzader for their assistance, and J. Fox, N. Yoccoz, and other anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This research was funded by a National Science Foundation grant (DEB 1020614) to K. J. Haynes. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 34 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD NOV PY 2015 VL 96 IS 11 BP 2935 EP 2946 DI 10.1890/14-1497.1 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX2IY UT WOS:000365521600009 PM 27070013 ER PT J AU Holbrook, JD Vierling, KT Vierling, LA Hudak, AT Adam, P AF Holbrook, Joseph D. Vierling, Kerri T. Vierling, Lee A. Hudak, Andrew T. Adam, Patrick TI Occupancy of red-naped sapsuckers in a coniferous forest: using LiDAR to understand effects of vegetation structure and disturbance SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Conifer forest; discrete-return LiDAR; Idaho; information theoretic; multimodel inference; occupancy models; Sphyrapicus nuchalis; woodpecker ID AVIAN SPECIES RICHNESS; NEST-SITE SELECTION; HABITAT HETEROGENEITY; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; BIRD; MODELS; ORGANISMS; ABUNDANCE; TREE; DIVERSITY AB Red-naped sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus nuchalis) are functionally important because they create sapwells and cavities that other species use for food and nesting. Red-naped sapsucker ecology within aspen (Populus tremuloides) has been well studied, but relatively little is known about red-naped sapsuckers in conifer forests. We used light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data to examine occupancy patterns of red-naped sapsuckers in a conifer-dominated system. We surveyed for sapsuckers at 162 sites in northern Idaho, USA, during 2009 and 2010. We used occupancy models and an information-theoretic approach to model sapsucker occupancy as a function of four LiDAR-based metrics that characterized vegetation structure and tree harvest, and one non-LiDAR metric that characterized distance to major roads. We evaluated model support across a range of territory sizes using Akaike's information criterion. Top model support was highest at the 4-ha extent, which suggested that 4ha was the most relevant scale describing sapsucker occupancy. Sapsuckers were positively associated with variation of canopy height and harvested area, and negatively associated with shrub and large tree density. These results suggest that harvest regimes and structural diversity of vegetation at moderate extents (e.g., 4ha) largely influence occurrence of red-naped sapsuckers in conifer forests. Given the current and projected declines of aspen populations, it will be increasingly important to assess habitat relationships, as well as demographic characteristics, of aspen-associated species such as red-naped sapsuckers within conifer-dominated systems to meet future management and conservation goals. C1 [Holbrook, Joseph D.; Vierling, Kerri T.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Vierling, Lee A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Adam, Patrick] Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Holbrook, JD (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, 875 Perimeter Dr MS 1136, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jholbrook@vandals.uidaho.edu RI Vierling, Kerri/N-6653-2016 FU US Geological Survey [08HQAG0123]; US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station [08-JV-11221633-159]; Palouse Audubon Society FX We thank E. Strand, A. Beckerman, and an anonymous reviewer for insightful comments that greatly improved our manuscript. Funding was provided by the US Geological Survey (grant number: 08HQAG0123), US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station (Joint Venture Agreement 08-JV-11221633-159), and Palouse Audubon Society. We graciously thank Potlatch Forest Holdings, Inc. and Bennett Lumber Products, Inc. for allowing us to conduct research on their property adjacent to University of Idaho Experimental Forest lands. This is contribution 1087 of the University of Idaho Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment Station. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 5 IS 22 BP 5383 EP 5393 DI 10.1002/ece3.1768 PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CX5RW UT WOS:000365761200021 ER PT J AU Xu, HQ Zhang, JE Ouyang, Y Lin, L Quan, GM Zhao, BL Yu, JY AF Xu, Hua-qin Zhang, Jia-en Ouyang, Ying Lin, Ling Quan, Guo-ming Zhao, Ben-liang Yu, Jia-yu TI Effects of simulated acid rain on microbial characteristics in a lateritic red soil SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Acid rain; Lateritic red soil; Microbial characteristics; Soil nutrients ID ORGANIC-MATTER; BIOMASS-C; LATOSOL; CHINA; EXTRACTION; SEEDLINGS; IMPACTS; CARBON; CATION AB A laboratory experiment was performed to examine the impact of simulated acid rain (SAR) on nutrient leaching, microbial biomass, and microbial activities in a lateritic red soil in South China. The soil column leaching experiment was conducted over a 60-day period with the following six SAR pH treatments (levels): 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0 and one control treatment (pH = 7). Compared with the control treatment, the concentrations of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), soil microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and average well color density (AWCD) in the Ecoplates were all significantly decreased by leaching with SAR at different pH levels. The decrease in MBC and MBN indicated that acid rain reduced the soil microbial population, while the decrease in AWCD revealed that acid rain had a negative effect on soil bacterial metabolic function. Soil basal respiration increased gradually from pH 4.0 to 7.0 but decreased dramatically from pH 2.5 to 3.0. The decrease in soil nutrient was the major reason for the change of soil microbial functions. A principal component analysis showed that the major carbon sources used by the bacteria were carbohydrates and carboxylic acids. C1 [Xu, Hua-qin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Jia-en; Lin, Ling; Zhao, Ben-liang; Yu, Jia-yu] South China Agr Univ, Dept Ecol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Ouyang, Ying] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Quan, Guo-ming] Guangzhou City Polytech, Dept Urban Construct Engn, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, JE (reprint author), South China Agr Univ, Dept Ecol, Wushan Rd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM jeanzh@scau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40871118, 31100382]; National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China [S2011010001570, 8151064201000048, 9451064201003801]; China Postdoctoral Special Fund [201003355] FX The study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40871118 and No. 31100382), National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (No. S2011010001570, No. 8151064201000048, and No. 9451064201003801), and China Postdoctoral Special Fund (No. 201003355). NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 20 U2 52 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 22 IS 22 BP 18260 EP 18266 DI 10.1007/s11356-015-5066-6 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0YJ UT WOS:000365423100093 PM 26201661 ER PT J AU Gerke, JP Edwards, JW Guill, KE Ross-Ibarra, J McMullen, MD AF Gerke, Justin P. Edwards, Jode W. Guill, Katherine E. Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey McMullen, Michael D. TI The Genomic Impacts of Drift and Selection for Hybrid Performance in Maize SO GENETICS LA English DT Article DE maize; artificial selection; recurrent selection; genetic drift; heterosis ID RECIPROCAL RECURRENT SELECTION; ZEA-MAYS L.; MOLECULAR-GENETIC DIVERSITY; TERM ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; HIGH PLANT-DENSITY; ELITE LINES; POPULATION; BSSS; BSCB1; RECOMBINATION AB Although maize is naturally an outcrossing organism, modern breeding utilizes highly inbred lines in controlled crosses to produce hybrids. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's reciprocal recurrent selection experiment between the Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic (BSSS) and the Iowa Corn Borer Synthetic No. 1 (BSCB1) populations represents one of the longest running experiments to understand the response to selection for hybrid performance. To investigate the genomic impact of this selection program, we genotyped the progenitor lines and >600 individuals across multiple cycles of selection using a genome-wide panel of similar to 40,000 SNPs. We confirmed previous results showing a steady temporal decrease in genetic diversity within populations and a corresponding increase in differentiation between populations. Thanks to detailed historical information on experimental design, we were able to perform extensive simulations using founder haplotypes to replicate the experiment in the absence of selection. These simulations demonstrate that while most of the observed reduction in genetic diversity can be attributed to genetic drift, heterozygosity in each population has fallen more than expected. We then took advantage of our high-density genotype data to identify extensive regions of haplotype fixation and trace haplotype ancestry to single founder inbred lines. The vast majority of regions showing such evidence of selection differ between the two populations, providing evidence for the dominance model of heterosis. We discuss how this pattern is likely to occur during selection for hybrid performance and how it poses challenges for dissecting the impacts of modern breeding and selection on the maize genome. C1 [Gerke, Justin P.; McMullen, Michael D.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Edwards, Jode W.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Guill, Katherine E.; McMullen, Michael D.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Gerke, JP (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM justin.gerke@gmail.com; rossibarra@ucdavis.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0820619] FX We thank Oscar "Howie" Smith, members of the Ross-Ibarra lab, and two anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. We also thank the editor Stephen Wright for his patience. J.P.G received support for this research as a Merck Fellow of the Life Sciences Research Foundation. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (IOS-0820619) and funds provided to USDA-ARS (M.D.M.). Names of products are necessary to report factually on available data; however, neither the USDA nor any other participating institution guarantees or warrants the standard of the product and the use of the name does not imply approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 22 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0016-6731 EI 1943-2631 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD NOV PY 2015 VL 201 IS 3 BP 1201 EP U755 DI 10.1534/genetics.115.182410 PG 25 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CX2HH UT WOS:000365517200029 PM 26385980 ER PT J AU Mou, BQ Klosterman, SJ Anchieta, A Wood, E Subbarao, KV AF Mou, Beiquan Klosterman, Steven J. Anchieta, Amy Wood, Elisabeth Subbarao, Krishna V. TI Characterization of Spinach Germplasm for Resistance Against Two Races of Verticillium dahliae SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Verticillium tricorpus; Verticillium isaacii; verticillium wilt; disease resistance; germplasm screening; spinach breeding ID REAL-TIME PCR; WILT; LETTUCE; SEED; QUANTIFICATION; ACCESSIONS; FREQUENCY AB Historically, wilt disease caused by Verticillium dahliae has not presented a problem in California spinach production because the crop is harvested well before the symptoms develop after the stem elongation (bolting) stage. However, infested spinach seeds introduce or increase inoculum in the soil for rotational crops such as lettuce. This investigation was designed to identify verticillium wilt-resistant accessions in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) spinach germplasm collection against races 1 and 2 of V. dahliae, and to examine seed transmission of the pathogen in different spinach genotypes. In a seed health assay of 392 accessions, 21(5.4%) were positive for V. dahliae, and 153 (39%) were positive for Verticillium isaacii. A total of 268 accessions plus nine commercial cultivars were then screened against one race 1 and two race 2 isolates from spinach in replicated greenhouse experiments. Disease incidence, severity, and seed transmission through plating on NP-10 medium and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were assessed. There was wide variation among accessions in their response to V. dahliae with disease incidence ranging from 0% to 100%. The two race 2 isolates differed in their virulence against spinach genotypes. Resistant accessions were identified against both races 1 and 2. Recovery of V. dahliae from seeds plated on NP-10 medium and qPCR results were highly correlated (P = 0.00014). Some accessions identified as resistant based on disease incidence showed little seed transmission of the pathogen. Even though lower wilt incidence and severity generally corresponded with lower seed transmission rates, there were exceptions (r = 0.52). Variation among plants within accessions was also observed. Nevertheless, the sources of resistance identified in this study are useful for spinach cultivar improvement. C1 [Mou, Beiquan; Klosterman, Steven J.; Anchieta, Amy; Wood, Elisabeth] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Subbarao, Krishna V.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Mou, BQ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1636 East Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM beiquan.mou@ars.usda.gov FU California Leafy Greens Research Program; California Department of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant [SCB09023]; USDA Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2010-51181-21069] FX The work was funded in part by the California Leafy Greens Research Program, the California Department of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant Agreement SCB09023, and the USDA Specialty Crop Research Initiative Grant 2010-51181-21069. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD NOV PY 2015 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1631 EP 1635 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CX6VC UT WOS:000365838800005 ER PT J AU Marler, TE Lawrence, JH AF Marler, Thomas E. Lawrence, John H. TI Leaf and Soil Nutrient Relations of Elaeocarpus joga Merr. in Oceanic Island Calcareous Soils SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Elaeocarpus; leaf stoichiometry; limestone soils; nutrient limitation; soil nutrients ID PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION; WILD PLANTS; N/P RATIO; STOICHIOMETRY; NUTRITION; NITROGEN; ECOSYSTEMS; FORESTS; GROWTH AB The leaf nutrient status and stoichiometry of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) were determined for Elaeocarpus joga trees in Guam's dominant calcareous soils to understand nutrient limitations in limestone soils of Oceania and contribute to global databases on leaf economic spectrum studies. Supplemental N, P, or K was added to soils to determine plant growth and nutrient concentration responses. Leaf and soil quantifications of nutrients enabled multiple trait comparisons. Supplemental N stimulated growth of young cultivated plants without affecting leaf N concentrations. Supplemental K increased leaf K concentration but did not generate a growth response. Supplemental P did not affect growth or leaf P concentration. N:P, N:K, and K:P were most influenced by K additions. Leaf N and P concentrations of mature trees in unmanaged settings were similar to unfertilized young plants in the controlled study, but leaf K concentration was greater in the mature trees. Leaf nutrient relations were not overtly related to soil nutrient relations for mature trees. Results indicate that N and K are the limiting factors in calcareous soils of the Mariana Islands for this endemic tree species, age and size of trees do not greatly influence leaf nutrient content, and leaf stoichiometry is constrained and less variable than soil stoichiometry. C1 [Marler, Thomas E.] Univ Guam, Coll Nat & Appl Sci, Western Pacific Trop Res Ctr, Mangilao, GU 96923 USA. [Lawrence, John H.] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Barrigada, GU 96913 USA. RP Marler, TE (reprint author), Univ Guam, Coll Nat & Appl Sci, Western Pacific Trop Res Ctr, Mangilao, GU 96923 USA. EM tmarler@uguam.uog.edu FU U.S. Department of Defense [DAMD17-00-2-0021]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the U.S. Department of Agriculture McIntire Stennis project [2013-32100-06057] FX This material is based on work that is supported by U.S. Department of Defense Agreement DAMD17-00-2-0021 and by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the U.S. Department of Agriculture McIntire Stennis project under 2013-32100-06057. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD NOV PY 2015 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1644 EP 1649 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CX6VC UT WOS:000365838800007 ER PT J AU Altland, JE Krause, C Locke, JC Zellner, WL AF Altland, James E. Krause, Charles Locke, James C. Zellner, Wendy L. TI Micronutrient Availability from Steel Slag Amendment in Peatmoss Substrates SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE substrates; plant nutrition; container crops; pH; fertilizer ID AFFECT GROWTH; LIME; PH AB The objective of this research was to determine the suitability of a steel slag product for supplying micronutrients to container-grown floriculture crops. Geranium (Pelargonium xhortorum L.H. Bailey 'Maverick Red') and tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L. 'Megabite') were grown in 11.4-cm containers with a substrate composed of 85 peatmoss : 15 perlite (v/v). A group of containers referred to as the commercial control (C-control) were amended with 4.8 kg.m(-3) dolomitic lime and fertilized with a commercial complete fertilizer providing macro and micronutrients (Jack's 20N-4.4P-16.6K-0.15Mg-0.02B-0.01Cu-0.1Fe-0.05Mn-0.01Mo-0.05Zn) at a concentration of 100 mg.L-1 nitrogen (N). Another group of containers, referred to as the micronutrient control (M-control), were amended with a commercial granular micronutrient package at 0.9 kg.m(-3) and dolomitic lime at 4.8 kg.m(-3). The M-controls were fertilized with 7.1 mm N (100 mg.L-1 N) with ammonium nitrate and 2 mm potassium phosphate. A final group of containers were amended with 1.2, 2.4, or 4.8 kg.m(-3) of steel slag and fertilized with 3.6 mm ammonium nitrate and 2 mm potassium phosphate. Both control groups resulted in vigorous and saleable plants by the conclusion of the experiment. In both crops, chlorophyll levels, root ratings, and shoot dry mass were lower in all steel slag-amended plants compared with either control groups. In geranium, foliar nutrient concentrations suggest Cu and Zn were limiting whereas B and Zn were limiting in tomato. Based on the results of this research, steel slag does not provide sufficient micronutrients, most notably B, Cu, and Zn, to be the sole source of micronutrient fertilization in container-grown crops. C1 [Altland, James E.; Krause, Charles] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Hort Insects Res Lab 27, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Locke, James C.; Zellner, Wendy L.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Greenhouse Prod Res Grp, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Altland, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Hort Insects Res Lab 27, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM james.altland@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD NOV PY 2015 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1715 EP 1720 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CX6VC UT WOS:000365838800018 ER PT J AU Pounders, CT Sakhanokho, HF AF Pounders, Cecil T. Sakhanokho, Hamidou F. TI 'Miss Frances', 'Miss Gail', and 'Miss Sandra' Crape myrtles SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE ornamental breeding; Lagerstroemia; leaf pigmentation ID LAGERSTROEMIA C1 [Pounders, Cecil T.; Sakhanokho, Hamidou F.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Sakhanokho, HF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Box 287,810 Highway 26 West, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM Hamidou.Sakhanokho@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD NOV PY 2015 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1721 EP 1722 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CX6VC UT WOS:000365838800019 ER PT J AU Bowman, KD McCollum, G AF Bowman, Kim D. McCollum, Greg TI Five New Citrus Rootstocks with Improved Tolerance to Huanglongbing SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE orange; huanglongbing; cultivar; breeding; genetics ID ORANGE C1 [Bowman, Kim D.; McCollum, Greg] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Bowman, KD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM kim.bowman@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD NOV PY 2015 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1731 EP 1734 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CX6VC UT WOS:000365838800023 ER PT J AU Igarashi, Y Gohda, F Kadoshima, T Fukuda, T Hanafusa, T Shojima, A Nakayama, J Bills, GF Peterson, S AF Igarashi, Yasuhiro Gohda, Fumiya Kadoshima, Taito Fukuda, Takao Hanafusa, Tomoaki Shojima, Akane Nakayama, Jiro Bills, Gerald F. Peterson, Stephen TI Avellanin C, an inhibitor of quorum-sensing signaling in Staphylococcus aureus, from Hamigera ingelheimensis SO JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS LA English DT Article ID VIRULENCE C1 [Igarashi, Yasuhiro; Gohda, Fumiya; Kadoshima, Taito; Fukuda, Takao; Hanafusa, Tomoaki] Toyama Prefectural Univ, Biotechnol Res Ctr, Dept Biotechnol, Toyama 9390398, Japan. [Shojima, Akane; Nakayama, Jiro] Kyushu Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Biosci & Biotechnol, Fukuoka 812, Japan. [Bills, Gerald F.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Brown Fdn, Inst Mol Med, Texas Therapeut Inst, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Peterson, Stephen] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Igarashi, Y (reprint author), Toyama Prefectural Univ, Biotechnol Res Ctr, Dept Biotechnol, 5180 Kurokawa, Toyama 9390398, Japan. EM yas@pu-toyama.ac.jp FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [24380050] FX This research was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) No. 24380050 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science to JN. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOC PI TOKYO PA 2 20 8 KAMIOSAKI SHINAGAWA KU, TOKYO, 141, JAPAN SN 0021-8820 J9 J ANTIBIOT JI J. Antibiot. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 68 IS 11 BP 707 EP 710 DI 10.1038/ja.2015.50 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA CX6SR UT WOS:000365832300009 PM 25944536 ER PT J AU Braccini, CL Vega, AS Araoz, MVC Teal, PE Cerrillo, T Zavala, JA Fernandez, PC AF Braccini, Celina L. Vega, Andrea S. Victoria Coll Araoz, M. Teal, Peter E. Cerrillo, Teresa Zavala, Jorge A. Fernandez, Patricia C. TI Both Volatiles and Cuticular Plant Compounds Determine Oviposition of the Willow Sawfly Nematus oligospilus on Leaves of Salix spp. (Salicaceae) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oviposition cues; Tenthredinidae; Insect-plant interaction; Host plant location; Volatiles; Cuticular wax; Olfactometer ID WHEAT-STEM SAWFLIES; FEEDING STIMULANTS; LEAF SURFACE; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; HESSIAN FLY; WAX; HYMENOPTERA; COLEOPTERA; CHRYSOMELIDAE AB Plant volatile organic compounds play a role in selection of host plants by herbivorous insects. Once the insect reaches the plant, contact cues determine host acceptance. Although the willow sawfly Nematus oligospilus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) can differentiate among willow genotypes, no knowledge is available on the cues used by this insect to seek and accept the host plant. In this study, we recorded behavioral orientation in a Y-tube olfactometer of willow sawfly females to volatiles of the highly preferred genotype Salix nigra and the non-preferred genotype S. viminalis. The volatiles released by undamaged willows of each genotype were analyzed by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Contact cues were evaluated first by oviposition preference bioassays after selective leaf wax removal, and then by studying the micromorphology of abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces and their chemical composition. Willow sawfly females oriented preferentially to S. nigra volatiles, which contained more than 3 times the amount of volatiles than that collected from S. viminalis. Analysis of volatiles showed significant differences in amounts of (Z) and (E)-beta-ocimene, undecane, decanal, and beta-caryophyllene. The adaxial leaf surface of S. nigra was less preferred after wax removal, suggesting a role of cuticular waxes for oviposition acceptance. No differences were found among the micromorphology of leaf surfaces between preferred and non-preferred genotypes. The chemical analysis of cuticular waxes showed that the abaxial leaf surface of S. viminalis, which is completely avoided for oviposition, possessed 97 % of alkanes. The accepted leaf surfaces contained a more diverse wax profile including alcohols, acids, and esters. Thus, non-alkane wax compounds might be related to oviposition. In sum, our study suggests that several cues act in concert to provide oviposition cues for the sawfly N. oligospilus: females are attracted to volatiles from a distance, and once alighting on the plant, they seek specific chemical contact cues in order to lay eggs. C1 [Braccini, Celina L.] INTA, Ctr Invest Recursos Nat, Inst Recursos Biol, RA-1686 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Vega, Andrea S.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Agron, Catedra Bot Gen, UBA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Vega, Andrea S.; Zavala, Jorge A.; Fernandez, Patricia C.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cientif & Tecnol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Victoria Coll Araoz, M.] PROIMI CONICET Biotecnol, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Teal, Peter E.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Cerrillo, Teresa; Fernandez, Patricia C.] INTA, Estac Expt Agr Delta Parana, RA-2804 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Zavala, Jorge A.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Agron, UBA, Catedra Bioquim, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Fernandez, PC (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cientif & Tecnol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM pcfernan@agro.uba.ar FU Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT) [Prestamo BID-PICT 247]; Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria [PNFOR 1104072]; Unidad para el Cambio Rural, Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Pesca de la Republica Argentina [SaFo S108] FX This work is dedicated to the memory of Peter E. A. Teal, an extraordinary mentor with a contagious enthusiasm. We thank Dr. Diego Segura for his help with the Y olfactometer. We appreciate the valuable technical help of Ing. Agr. Lucas Landi during the entire study. This work was funded by means of Prestamo BID-PICT 247 from Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT), PNFOR 1104072 from Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria and SaFo S108 from Unidad para el Cambio Rural, Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Pesca de la Republica Argentina. We are also grateful to two anonymous reviewers who improved a previous version of this manuscript. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 EI 1573-1561 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 41 IS 11 BP 985 EP 996 DI 10.1007/s10886-015-0637-z PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX6MN UT WOS:000365815200003 PM 26449817 ER PT J AU Leskey, TC Lee, DH Glenn, DM Morrison, WR AF Leskey, Tracy C. Lee, Doo-Hyung Glenn, D. Michael Morrison, William R., III TI Behavioral Responses of the Invasive Halyomorpha halys (StAyenl) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to Light-Based Stimuli in the Laboratory and Field SO JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Brown marmorated stink bug; light trap; visual ecology; IPM; wavelength ID MARMORATED STINK BUG; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; PLODIA-INTERPUNCTELLA; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES; FLIGHT BEHAVIOR; PEACH ORCHARDS; UNITED-STATES; TREE FRUIT; ATTRACTION; TRAPS AB Halyomorpha halys (StAyenl), brown marmorated stink bug, is an invasive insect native to Asia that was accidently introduced into the United States. The species is a polyphagous pest that has caused serious economic injury to specialty and row crops in the mid-Atlantic region. Growers have targeted H. halys with broad-spectrum materials by increasing the number of and decreasing the interval between insecticide applications. While it is known that adults reliably respond to semiochemical cues, much less is known about the response of H. halys to visual stimuli. Field observations suggest that H. halys adults respond to light-based stimuli, with large aggregations of adults documented at outdoor light sources and captured in commercial blacklight traps. Therefore, we conducted a series of studies aimed at identifying optimal wavelengths and intensities of light attractive to H. halys adults. We found that intensity and wavelength of light affected H. halys response in the laboratory and field. In the laboratory, H. halys demonstrated positive phototactic responses to full-spectrum and wavelength-restricted stimuli at a range of intensities, though the levels of stimulus acceptance and attraction, respectively, changed according to intensity. The species is most attracted to white, blue and black (ultraviolet) wavelength-restricted stimuli in the laboratory and field. In the field, traps baited with blue light sources were less attractive to non-target insect species, but white light sources were more attractive to H. halys indicating that these two light sources may be good candidates for inclusion in light-based monitoring traps. C1 [Leskey, Tracy C.; Glenn, D. Michael; Morrison, William R., III] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Lee, Doo-Hyung] Gachon Univ, Dept Life Sci, Songnam, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. RP Leskey, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture [2011-51181-30937]; USDA-APHIS FX We thank Cameron Scorza, Torri Hancock, Sean Wiles, John Cullum, and Rebecca Posa for excellent technical support. This material is based upon work that is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number 2011-51181-30937, and a specific cooperative agreement with USDA-APHIS. Mention of trade names in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 26 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0892-7553 EI 1572-8889 J9 J INSECT BEHAV JI J. Insect Behav. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 28 IS 6 BP 674 EP 692 DI 10.1007/s10905-015-9535-z PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CX5RZ UT WOS:000365761500004 ER PT J AU Lacey, LA Grzywacz, D Shapiro-Ilan, DI Frutos, R Brownbridge, M Goettel, MS AF Lacey, L. A. Grzywacz, D. Shapiro-Ilan, D. I. Frutos, R. Brownbridge, M. Goettel, M. S. TI Insect pathogens as biological control agents: Back to the future SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microbial control; Baculovirus; Entomopathogenic bacteria; Transgenes; Entomopathogenic fungi; Entomopathogenic nematodes; Bacillus thuringiensis; Bt-crops ID FUNGUS METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; NEMATODE STEINERNEMA-CARPOCAPSAE; WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; BLACK VINE WEEVIL; CYDIA-POMONELLA GRANULOVIRUS; NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; CODLING MOTH GRANULOVIRUS; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; INTERPUNCTELLA HUBNER LEPIDOPTERA; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA LEPIDOPTERA AB The development and use of entomopathogens as classical, conservation and augmentative biological control agents have included a number of successes and some setbacks in the past 15 years. In this forum paper we present current information on development, use and future directions of insect-specific viruses, bacteria, fungi and nematodes as components of integrated pest management strategies for control of arthropod pests of crops, forests, urban habitats, and insects of medical and veterinary importance. Insect pathogenic viruses are a fruitful source of microbial control agents (MCAs), particularly for the control of lepidopteran pests. Most research is focused on the baculoviruses, important pathogens of some globally important pests for which control has become difficult due to either pesticide resistance or pressure to reduce pesticide residues. Baculoviruses are accepted as safe, readily mass produced, highly pathogenic and easily formulated and applied control agents. New baculovirus products are appearing in many countries and gaining an increased market share. However, the absence of a practical in vitro mass production system, generally higher production costs, limited post application persistence, slow rate of kill and high host specificity currently contribute to restricted use in pest control. Overcoming these limitations are key research areas for which progress could open up use of insect viruses to much larger markets. A small number of entomopathogenic bacteria have been commercially developed for control of insect pests. These include several Bacillus thuringiensis sub-species, Lysinibacillus (Bacillus) sphaericus, Paenibacillus spp. and Serratia entomophila. B. thuringiensis sub-species kurstaki is the most widely used for control of pest insects of crops and forests, and B. thuringiensis sub-species israelensis and L. sphaericus are the primary pathogens used for control of medically important pests including dipteran vectors. These pathogens combine the advantages of chemical pesticides and MCAs: they are fast acting, easy to produce at a relatively low cost, easy to formulate, have a long shelf life and allow delivery using conventional application equipment and systemics (i.e. in transgenic plants). Unlike broad spectrum chemical pesticides, B. thuringiensis toxins are selective and negative environmental impact is very limited. Of the several commercially produced MCAs, B. thuringiensis (Bt) has more than 50% of market share. Extensive research, particularly on the molecular mode of action of Bt toxins, has been conducted over the past two decades. The Bt genes used in insect-resistant transgenic crops belong to the Cry and vegetative insecticidal protein families of toxins. Bt has been highly efficacious in pest management of corn and cotton, drastically reducing the amount of broad spectrum chemical insecticides used while being safe for consumers and non-target organisms. Despite successes, the adoption of Bt crops has not been without controversy. Although there is a lack of scientific evidence regarding their detrimental effects, this controversy has created the widespread perception in some quarters that Bt crops are dangerous for the environment. In addition to discovery of more efficacious isolates and toxins, an increase in the use of Bt products and transgenes will rely on innovations in formulation, better delivery systems and ultimately, wider public acceptance of transgenic plants expressing insect-specific Bt toxins. Fungi are ubiquitous natural entomopathogens that often cause epizootics in host insects and possess many desirable traits that favor their development as MCAs. Presently, commercialized microbial pesticides based on entomopathogenic fungi largely occupy niche markets. A variety of molecular tools and technologies have recently allowed reclassification of numerous species based on phylogeny, as well as matching anamorphs (asexual forms) and teleomorphs (sexual forms) of several entomopathogenic taxa in the Phylum Ascomycota. Although these fungi have been traditionally regarded exclusively as pathogens of arthropods, recent studies have demonstrated that they occupy a great diversity of ecological niches. Entomopathogenic fungi are now known to be plant endophytes, plant disease antagonists, rhizosphere colonizers, and plant growth promoters. These newly understood attributes provide possibilities to use fungi in multiple roles. In addition to arthropod pest control, some fungal species could simultaneously suppress plant pathogens and plant parasitic nematodes as well as promote plant growth. A greater understanding of fungal ecology is needed to define their roles in nature and evaluate their limitations in biological control. More efficient mass production, formulation and delivery systems must be devised to supply an ever increasing market. More testing under field conditions is required to identify effects of biotic and abiotic factors on efficacy and persistence. Lastly, greater attention must be paid to their use within integrated pest management programs; in particular, strategies that incorporate fungi in combination with arthropod predators and parasitoids need to be defined to ensure compatibility and maximize efficacy. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis are potent MCAs. Substantial progress in research and application of EPNs has been made in the past decade. The number of target pests shown to be susceptible to EPNs has continued to increase. Advancements in this regard primarily have been made in soil habitats where EPNs are shielded from environmental extremes, but progress has also been made in use of nematodes in above-ground habitats owing to the development of improved protective formulations. Progress has also resulted from advancements in nematode production technology using both in vivo and in vitro systems; novel application methods such as distribution of infected host cadavers; and nematode strain improvement via enhancement and stabilization of beneficial traits. Innovative research has also yielded insights into the fundamentals of EPN biology including major advances in genomics, nematode-bacterial symbiont interactions, ecological relationships, and foraging behavior. Additional research is needed to leverage these basic findings toward direct improvements in microbial control. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lacey, L. A.] IP Consulting Int, Yakima, WA 98908 USA. [Grzywacz, D.] Univ Greenwich, Nat Resources Inst, Agr Hlth & Environm Dept, Chatham ME4 4TB, Kent, England. [Shapiro-Ilan, D. I.] USDA ARS, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Frutos, R.] Univ Montpellier 2, UMR 5236, CNRS UM1 UM2, Ctr Etud Agents Pathogenes & Biotechnol Sante CPB, Montpellier, France. [Brownbridge, M.] Vineland Res & Innovat Ctr, Vineland Stn, ON L0R 2E0, Canada. [Goettel, M. S.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Res Ctr, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. RP Lacey, LA (reprint author), IP Consulting Int, Yakima, WA 98908 USA. EM lerrylacey@yahoo.com; d.grzywacz@greenwich.ac.uk; david.shapiro@ars.usda.gov; roger.frutos@univ-montp2.fr; michael.brownbridge@vinelandresearch.com; bstedit@telusplanet.net FU Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; CIRAD, University Montpellier 2, Centre d'Etudes des agents Pathogenes et Biotechnologies pour la Sante (CPBS); AgResearch Ltd; Vineland Research and Innovation Centre; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada FX We thank numerous colleagues for providing scientific literature and advice during the preparation of our paper. Our thanks to Jean-Louis Schwartz for preparation of and permission to use the figure depicting the atomic structure of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Aa toxin. Preparation of the manuscript was supported in part by the Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; CIRAD, University Montpellier 2, Centre d'Etudes des agents Pathogenes et Biotechnologies pour la Sante (CPBS); AgResearch Ltd and Vineland Research and Innovation Centre; and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. NR 817 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 82 U2 302 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 132 BP 1 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2015.07.009 PG 41 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CX3WM UT WOS:000365630200001 PM 26225455 ER PT J AU Mayerhofer, J Lutz, A Widmer, F Rehner, SA Leuchtmann, A Enkerli, J AF Mayerhofer, Johanna Lutz, Andy Widmer, Franco Rehner, Stephen A. Leuchtmann, Adrian Enkerli, Juerg TI Multiplexed microsatellite markers for seven Metarhizium species SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Molecular genetic identification; Cross-species amplification; Biocontrol ID ANISOPLIAE VAR. ANISOPLIAE; COMMUNITY; DIVERSITY; FUNGI AB Cross-species transferability of 41 previously published simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was assessed for 11 species of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium. A collection of 65 Metarhizium strains including all 54 used in a recent phylogenetic revision of the genus were characterized. Between 15 and 34 polymorphic SSR markers produced scorable PCR amplicons in seven species, including M. anisopliae, M. brunneum, M. guizhouense, M. lepidiotae, M. majus, M. pingshaense, and M. robertsii. To provide genotyping tools for concurrent analysis of these seven species fifteen markers grouped in five multiplex pools were selected based on high allelic diversity and easy scorability of SSR chromatograms. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Mayerhofer, Johanna; Lutz, Andy; Widmer, Franco; Enkerli, Juerg] Agroscope, Mol Ecol, Inst Sustainabil Sci, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Leuchtmann, Adrian] ETH, Plant Ecol Genet, Inst Integrat Biol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Rehner, Stephen A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Enkerli, J (reprint author), Agroscope, Mol Ecol, Inst Sustainabil Sci, Reckenholzstr 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. EM juerg.enkerli@agroscope.admin.ch FU EU-FP7-project INBIOSOIL [282767] FX The authors are grateful to Hermann Strasser, Bernhard Steinwender and Cezary Tkaczuk for providing Metarhizium strains. This project was conducted in frame of the EU-FP7-project INBIOSOIL (Grant Agreement No. 282767). NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 132 BP 132 EP 134 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2015.09.006 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CX3WM UT WOS:000365630200013 PM 26407949 ER PT J AU Vieira, FP Alves, MDG Martins, LM Rangel, ALP Dubey, JP Hill, D Bahia-Oliveira, LMG AF Vieira, Flavia Pereira Alves, Maria da Gloria Martins, Livia Mattos Peixoto Rangel, Alba Lucinia Dubey, Jitender Prakash Hill, Dolores Garcia Bahia-Oliveira, Lilian Maria TI Waterborne toxoplasmosis investigated and analysed under hydrogeological assessment: new data and perspectives for further research SO MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; groundwater contamination; oocysts; hydrogeology; TgERP; geomedicine ID GROUNDWATER VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT; DRASTIC INDEX METHOD; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; GONDII INFECTION; BRAZIL; CHICKENS; PREVALENCE; OOCYSTS AB We present a set of data on human and chicken Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence that was investigated and analysed in light of groundwater vulnerability information in an area endemic for waterborne toxoplasmosis in Brazil. Hydrogeological assessment was undertaken to select sites for water collection from wells for T. gondii oocyst testing and for collecting blood from free-range chickens and humans for anti-T. gondii serologic testing. Serologic testing of human specimens was done using conventional commercial tests and a sporozoite-specific embryogenesis-related protein (TgERP), which is able to differentiate whether infection resulted from tissue cysts or oocysts. Water specimens were negative for the presence of viable T. gondii oocysts. However, seroprevalence in free-range chickens was significantly associated with vulnerability of groundwater to surface contamination (p < 0.0001; odds ratio: 4.73, 95% confidence interval: 2.18-10.2). Surprisingly, a high prevalence of antibodies against TgERP was detected in human specimens, suggesting the possibility of a continuous contamination of drinking water with T. gondii oocysts in this endemic setting. These findings and the new proposed approach to investigate and analyse endemic toxoplasmosis in light of groundwater vulnerability information associated with prevalence in humans estimated by oocyst antigens recognition have implications for the potential role of hydrogeological assessment in researching waterborne toxoplasmosis at a global scale. C1 [Vieira, Flavia Pereira; Martins, Livia Mattos; Peixoto Rangel, Alba Lucinia] Univ Estadual Norte Fluminense, Ctr Biociencias & Biotecnol, Lab Biol Reconhecer, Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil. [Alves, Maria da Gloria] Univ Estadual Norte Fluminense, Ctr Ciencia & Tecnol, Civil Engn Lab, Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil. [Dubey, Jitender Prakash; Hill, Dolores] USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Garcia Bahia-Oliveira, Lilian Maria] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Lab Imunoparasitol, Macae, RJ, Brazil. RP Bahia-Oliveira, LMG (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Lab Imunoparasitol, Macae, RJ, Brazil. EM lilian@uenf.br FU FAPERJ [E-26/110.869/2009, E-26/111.305/2010, E 26/111.816/2013]; CAPES scholarship [PDSE 709013-7] FX FAPERJ (E-26/110.869/2009, E-26/111.305/2010, E 26/111.816/2013); FPV was a fellow at USDA supported by a CAPES scholarship (PDSE 709013-7). DH and LMGB-O contributed equally to this work. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU FUNDACO OSWALDO CRUZ PI RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ PA AV BRASIL 4365, 21045-900 RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ, BRAZIL SN 0074-0276 EI 1678-8060 J9 MEM I OSWALDO CRUZ JI Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz PD NOV PY 2015 VL 110 IS 7 BP 929 EP 935 DI 10.1590/0074-02760150262 PG 7 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA CX3IH UT WOS:000365590700013 PM 26560984 ER PT J AU Amsalem, E Galbraith, DA Cnaani, J Teal, PEA Grozinger, CM AF Amsalem, Etya Galbraith, David A. Cnaani, Jonathan Teal, Peter E. A. Grozinger, Christina M. TI Conservation and modification of genetic and physiological toolkits underpinning diapause in bumble bee queens SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE caste differentiation; diapause; genomics; reproduction; social insects ID MOSQUITO CULEX-PIPIENS; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; BOMBUS-TERRESTRIS HYMENOPTERA; JUVENILE-HORMONE BIOSYNTHESIS; ASIAN TIGER MOSQUITO; DIVISION-OF-LABOR; APIS-MELLIFERA; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FAT-BODY AB Diapause is the key adaptation allowing insects to survive unfavourable conditions and inhabit an array of environments. Physiological changes during diapause are largely conserved across species and are hypothesized to be regulated by a conserved suite of genes (a 'toolkit'). Furthermore, it is hypothesized that in social insects, this toolkit was co-opted to mediate caste differentiation between long-lived, reproductive, diapause-capable queens and short-lived, sterile workers. Using Bombus terrestris queens, we examined the physiological and transcriptomic changes associated with diapause and CO2 treatment, which causes queens to bypass diapause. We performed comparative analyses with genes previously identified to be associated with diapause in the Dipteran Sarcophaga crassipalpis and with caste differentiation in bumble bees. As in Diptera, diapause in bumble bees is associated with physiological and transcriptional changes related to nutrient storage, stress resistance and core metabolic pathways. There is a significant overlap, both at the level of transcript and gene ontology, between the genetic mechanisms mediating diapause in B. terrestris and S. crassipalpis, reaffirming the existence of a conserved insect diapause genetic toolkit. However, a substantial proportion (10%) of the differentially regulated transcripts in diapausing queens have no clear orthologs in other species, and key players regulating diapause in Diptera (juvenile hormone and vitellogenin) appear to have distinct functions in bumble bees. We also found a substantial overlap between genes related to caste determination and diapause in bumble bees. Thus, our studies demonstrate an intriguing interplay between pathways underpinning adaptation to environmental extremes and the evolution of sociality in insects. C1 [Amsalem, Etya; Galbraith, David A.; Grozinger, Christina M.] Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci, Ctr Chem Ecol, Dept Entomol,Ctr Pollinator Res, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cnaani, Jonathan] BizBee, IL-86820 Ein Yahav, Israel. [Teal, Peter E. A.] USDA, Chem Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Amsalem, E (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci, Ctr Chem Ecol, Dept Entomol,Ctr Pollinator Res, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM eua6@psu.edu FU USDA-AFRI [2009-05207]; Pennsylvania State University; United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, Vaadia - BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship Award [EA FI-491 13] FX We thank members of the Grozinger Lab for commenting on earlier version of the manuscript and to Dr. Abraham Hefetz and Dr. Tovit Simon from Tel Aviv University for their kind help in collecting, storing and shipping the samples. We would also like to thank Dr. Clare Rittschof and three anonymous referees for critical evaluation of the manuscript. This work was supported by funding from the USDA-AFRI (#2009-05207), Pennsylvania State University, and by a United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, Vaadia - BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship Award (EA FI-491 13). NR 107 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 15 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 24 IS 22 BP 5596 EP 5615 DI 10.1111/mec.13410 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CX5QN UT WOS:000365757300008 PM 26453894 ER PT J AU Tzin, V Lindsay, PL Christensen, SA Meihls, LN Blue, LB Jander, G AF Tzin, Vered Lindsay, Penelope L. Christensen, Shawn A. Meihls, Lisa N. Blue, Levi B. Jander, Georg TI Genetic mapping shows intraspecific variation and transgressive segregation for caterpillar-induced aphid resistance in maize SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Benzoxazinoid; natural variation; quantitative trait mapping; Rhopalosiphum maidis; Spodoptera exigua; Zea mays ID INDUCED PLANT-RESPONSES; HDMBOA-GLC; DEFENSE CHEMICALS; BETA-GLUCOSIDASE; DIMBOA-GLUCOSIDE; SIGNAL SIGNATURE; INNATE IMMUNITY; JASMONIC ACID; ZEA-MAYS; HERBIVORE AB Plants in nature have inducible defences that sometimes lead to targeted resistance against particular herbivores, but susceptibility to others. The metabolic diversity and genetic resources available for maize (Zea mays) make this a suitable system for a mechanistic study of within-species variation in such plant-mediated interactions between herbivores. Beet armyworms (Spodoptera exigua) and corn leaf aphids (Rhopalosiphum maidis) are two naturally occurring maize herbivores with different feeding habits. Whereas chewing herbivore-induced methylation of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one glucoside (DIMBOA-Glc) to form 2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one glucoside (HDMBOA-Glc) promotes caterpillar resistance, lower DIMBOA-Glc levels favour aphid reproduction. Thus, caterpillar-induced DIMBOA-Glc methyltransferase activity in maize is predicted to promote aphid growth. To test this hypothesis, the impact of S. exigua feeding on R. maidis progeny production was assessed using seventeen genetically diverse maize inbred lines. Whereas aphid progeny production was increased by prior caterpillar feeding on lines B73, Ki11, Ki3 and Tx303, it decreased on lines Ky21, CML103, Mo18W and W22. Genetic mapping of this trait in a population of B73 3 Ky21 recombinant inbred lines identified significant quantitative trait loci on maize chromosomes 1, 7 and 10. There is a transgressive segregation for aphid resistance, with the Ky21 alleles on chromosomes 1 and 7 and the B73 allele on chromosome 10 increasing aphid progeny production. The chromosome 1 QTL coincides with a cluster of three maize genes encoding benzoxazinoid O-methyltransferases that convert DIMBOA-Glc to HDMBOA-Glc. Gene expression studies and benzoxazinoid measurements indicate that S. exigua -induced responses in this pathway differentially affect R. maidis resistance in B73 and Ky21. C1 [Tzin, Vered; Lindsay, Penelope L.; Meihls, Lisa N.; Blue, Levi B.; Jander, Georg] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Christensen, Shawn A.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Chem Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Jander, G (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM gj32@cornell.edu FU Vaadia-BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship Award [FI-471-2012]; US National Science Foundation [1139329, 1339237] FX We thank Cairo Archer, Barfiya Palavonshanbieva, Kevin Ahern, Valeria Mijares and Meena Haribal for the technical support; Anurag Agrawal, for helpful discussions; and Ed Buckler for maize seeds. This research was funded by a Vaadia-BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship Award FI-471-2012 to VT and US National Science Foundation awards 1139329 and 1339237 to GJ. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 24 IS 22 BP 5739 EP 5750 DI 10.1111/mec.13418 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CX5QN UT WOS:000365757300017 PM 26462033 ER PT J AU Weinborn, V Pizarro, F Olivares, M Brito, A Arredondo, M Flores, S Valenzuela, C AF Weinborn, Valerie Pizarro, Fernando Olivares, Manuel Brito, Alex Arredondo, Miguel Flores, Sebastian Valenzuela, Carolina TI The Effect of Plant Proteins Derived from Cereals and Legumes on Heme Iron Absorption SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE heme iron; plant protein; iron absorption; human ID SOY PROTEIN; SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS; ANIMAL PROTEINS; YOUNG-WOMEN; FOOD IRON; BIOAVAILABILITY; HUMANS; FORTIFICATION; PRODUCTS; BLOOD AB The aim of this study is to determine the effect of proteins from cereals and legumes on heme iron (Fe) absorption. The absorption of heme Fe without its native globin was measured. Thirty adult females participated in two experimental studies (15 per study). Study I focused on the effects of cereal proteins (zein, gliadin and glutelin) and study II on the effects of legume proteins (soy, pea and lentil) on heme Fe absorption. When heme was given alone (as a control), study I and II yielded 6.2% and 11.0% heme absorption (p > 0.05). In study I, heme Fe absorption was 7.2%, 7.5% and 5.9% when zein, gliadin and glutelin were added, respectively. From this, it was concluded that cereal proteins did not affect heme Fe absorption. In study II, heme Fe absorption was 7.3%, 8.1% and 9.1% with the addition of soy, pea and lentil proteins, respectively. Only soy proteins decreased heme Fe absorption (p < 0.05). These results suggest that with the exception of soy proteins, which decreased absorption, proteins derived from cereals and legumes do not affect heme Fe absorption. C1 [Weinborn, Valerie] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pizarro, Fernando; Olivares, Manuel; Arredondo, Miguel; Flores, Sebastian] Univ Chile, Micronutrients Lab, Inst Nutr & Food Technol INTA, Santiago, Chile. [Brito, Alex] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Valenzuela, Carolina] Univ Chile, FAVET, Fac Vet & Anim Sci, Santiago, Chile. RP Valenzuela, C (reprint author), Univ Chile, FAVET, Fac Vet & Anim Sci, Santa Rosa 11-735,Casilla 2, Santiago, Chile. EM vweinborn@ucdavis.edu; fpizarro@inta.uchile.cl; molivare@inta.uchile.cl; abrito@ucdavis.edu; marredon@inta.uchile.cl; seb.flores@postgrad.otago.ac.nz; cvalenzuelav@u.uchile.cl OI Weinborn, Valerie/0000-0001-9560-4955 FU FONDECYT [1095038, 11140249]; FAVET FX All authors read and approved the final manuscript. We thank Sotiris Chaniotakis for reviewing the English version of this manuscript. This study was supported with funding from FONDECYT: #1095038. Publication fees was covered by FONDECYT: #11140249 and FAVET. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD NOV PY 2015 VL 7 IS 11 BP 8977 EP 8986 DI 10.3390/nu7115446 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CX4GJ UT WOS:000365656900009 PM 26529009 ER PT J AU Rocha, LO Laurence, MH Proctor, RH McCormick, SP Summerell, BA Liew, ECY AF Rocha, Liliana O. Laurence, Matthew H. Proctor, Robert H. McCormick, Susan P. Summerell, Brett A. Liew, Edward C. Y. TI Variation in Type A Trichothecene Production and Trichothecene Biosynthetic Genes in Fusarium goolgardi from Natural Ecosystems of Australia SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE DNA sequence; phylogenetics; evolution; mycotoxins metabolite profile ID C-8 HYDROXYLATION; CAUSE DISEASE; T-2 TOXIN; SPOROTRICHIOIDES; GRAMINEARUM; MYCOTOXINS; DIVERSITY; ARABIDOPSIS; LANGSETHIAE; EVOLUTION AB Fusarium goolgardi, isolated from the grass tree Xanthorrhoea glauca in natural ecosystems of Australia, is closely related to fusaria that produce a subgroup of trichothecene (type A) mycotoxins that lack a carbonyl group at carbon atom 8 (C-8). Mass spectrometric analysis revealed that F. goolgardi isolates produce type A trichothecenes, but exhibited one of two chemotypes. Some isolates (50%) produced multiple type A trichothecenes, including 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), neosolaniol (NEO), 8-acetylneosolaniol (Ac-NEO) and T-2 toxin (DAS-NEO-T2 chemotype). Other isolates (50%) produced only DAS (DAS chemotype). In the phylogenies inferred from DNA sequences of genes encoding the RNA polymerase II largest (RPB1) and second largest (RPB2) subunits as well as the trichothecene biosynthetic genes (TRI), F. goolgardi isolates were resolved as a monophyletic clade, distinct from other type A trichothecene-producing species. However, the relationships of F. goolgardi to the other species varied depending on whether phylogenies were inferred from RPB1 and RPB2, the 12-gene TRI cluster, the two-gene TRI1-TRI16 locus, or the single-gene TRI101 locus. Phylogenies based on different TRI loci resolved isolates with different chemotypes into distinct clades, even though only the TRI1-TRI16 locus is responsible for structural variation at C-8. Sequence analysis indicated that TRI1 and TRI16 are functional in F. goolgardi isolates with the DAS-NEO-T2 chemotype, but non-functional in isolates with DAS chemotype due to the presence of premature stop codons caused by a point mutation. C1 [Rocha, Liliana O.; Laurence, Matthew H.; Summerell, Brett A.; Liew, Edward C. Y.] Royal Bot Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. [Proctor, Robert H.; McCormick, Susan P.] ARS, Mycotoxin Prevent & Appl Microbiol, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Liew, ECY (reprint author), Royal Bot Gardens & Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. EM lilianarocha@usp.br; matthew.laurence@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au; robert.proctor@ars.usda.gov; susan.mccormick@ars.usda.gov; brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au; edward.liew@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au OI Rocha, Liliana/0000-0003-2820-4470 FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust FX The first author would like to thank the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) and the Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, for funding, Marcie L. Moore from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL, USA) for technical support, Candice Cherk Lim and Victor I. Puno for advice and assistance. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD NOV PY 2015 VL 7 IS 11 BP 4577 EP 4594 DI 10.3390/toxins7114577 PG 18 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CX4DD UT WOS:000365647700013 PM 26556373 ER PT J AU Kable, JA Coles, CD Keen, CL Uriu-Adams, JY Jones, KL Yevtushok, L Kulikovsky, Y Wertelecki, W Pedersen, TL Chambers, CD AF Kable, J. A. Coles, C. D. Keen, C. L. Uriu-Adams, J. Y. Jones, K. L. Yevtushok, L. Kulikovsky, Y. Wertelecki, W. Pedersen, T. L. Chambers, C. D. CA CIFASD TI The impact of micronutrient supplementation in alcohol-exposed pregnancies on information processing skills in Ukrainian infants SO ALCOHOL LA English DT Article DE Prenatal alcohol; Micronutrient supplementation; Choline; Cardiac orienting; Infants ID PERINATAL CHOLINE SUPPLEMENTATION; ATTENUATES BEHAVIORAL ALTERATIONS; EARLY CHILD-DEVELOPMENT; BINGE ETHANOL EXPOSURE; HEART-RATE RESPONSE; BRAIN GROWTH SPURT; FULL-TERM INFANTS; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; AUDITORY-DISCRIMINATION; ORIENTING RESPONSE AB The potential of micronutrients to ameliorate the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) was explored in a clinical trial conducted in Ukraine. Cardiac orienting responses (ORs) during a habituation/dishabituation learning paradigm were obtained from 6 to 12 month-olds to assess neurophysiological encoding and memory. Women who differed in prenatal alcohol use were recruited during pregnancy and assigned to a group (No study-provided supplements, multivitamin/mineral supplement, or multivitamin/mineral supplement plus choline supplement). Heart rate was collected for 30 s prior to stimulus onset and 12 s post-stimulus onset. Difference values (Delta HR) for the first 3 trials of each condition were aggregated for analysis. Gestational blood samples were collected to assess maternal nutritional status and changes as a function of the intervention. Choline supplementation resulted in a greater Delta HR on the visual habituation trials for all infants and for the infants with no PAE on the dishabituation trials. The latency of the response was reduced in both conditions for all infants whose mothers received choline supplementation. Change in gestational choline level was positively related to Delta HR during habituation trials and levels of one choline metabolite, dimethylglycine (DMG), predicted Delta HR during habituation trials and latency of responses. A trend was found between DMG and Delta HR on the dishabituation trials and latency of the response. Supplementation did not affect ORs to auditory stimuli. Choline supplementation when administered together with routinely recommended multivitamin/mineral prenatal supplements during pregnancy may provide a beneficial impact to basic learning mechanisms involved in encoding and memory of environmental events in alcohol-exposed pregnancies as well as non- or low alcohol-exposed pregnancies. Changes in maternal nutrient status suggested that one mechanism by which choline supplementation may positively impact brain development is through prevention of fetal alcohol-related depletion of DMG, a metabolic nutrient that can protect against overproduction of glycine, during critical periods of neurogenesis. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kable, J. A.; Coles, C. D.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kable, J. A.; Coles, C. D.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Keen, C. L.; Uriu-Adams, J. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Jones, K. L.; Wertelecki, W.; Chambers, C. D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Chambers, C. D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family Med & Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Yevtushok, L.; Kulikovsky, Y.] Rivne Reg Med Diagnost Ctr, OMNI Net Children Int Charitable Fund, Rivne, Rivne Province, Ukraine. [Wertelecki, W.] Univ S Alabama, Dept Med Genet, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. [Pedersen, T. L.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Kable, JA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 12 Execut Pk, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jkab101@emory.edu RI Kable, Julie/A-3725-2016 FU NIH - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) [U01AA014835]; NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) - Christina Chambers, PI; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA); USDA Agricultural Research Service intramural projects [5306-51530-019-00D] FX This research was funded by support from NIH Research Grant #U01AA014835, funded by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) and the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) - Christina Chambers, PI. All or part of this work was done in conjunction with the Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (CIFASD), which is funded by grants from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Additional information about CIFASD can be found at www.cifasd.org. The authors would also like to thank Dr. John Newman, Dr. Heidrun Gross, and Jodi Ensunsa for technical help with the mass spectrometry analysis, and Charles Carlson and Michael Gedestad for the Immulite analyses. Additional support was provided by USDA Agricultural Research Service intramural projects (5306-51530-019-00D). The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Finally, the authors would like to thank the Ukrainian families who participated in this research and the wonderful staff of the Rivne Oblast Medical Diagnostic Center and the OMNI-Net Center. NR 83 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0741-8329 EI 1873-6823 J9 ALCOHOL JI Alcohol PD NOV PY 2015 VL 49 IS 7 BP 647 EP 656 DI 10.1016/j.alcohol.2015.08.005 PG 10 WC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CX0HK UT WOS:000365377300003 PM 26493109 ER PT J AU Pap, D Miller, AJ Londo, JP Kovacs, LG AF Pap, Daniel Miller, Allison J. Londo, Jason P. Kovacs, Laszlo G. TI Population Structure of Vitis rupestris, an Important Resource for Viticulture SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENOLOGY AND VITICULTURE LA English DT Article DE wild grapevine; genetic diversity; population differentiation; microsatellite; conservation ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; MILDEW RESISTANCE; GRAPEVINE; WILD; VINIFERA; CONSEQUENCES; CONSERVATION AB The wild North American grapevine Vitis rupestris Scheele is an important genetic resource for viticulture, but its natural populations have been severely depleted. We collected samples from seven V. rupestris populations from the Ozark Plateau in Missouri and the Ouachita Mountains in Oklahoma and genotyped them with 14 microsatellite markers to assess allelic diversity, heterozygosity, and genetic differentiation at various levels of population structure. We found that genetic diversity in V. rupestris was similar to that measured in many V. vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris populations and in other outcrossing angiosperms. We detected significant genetic differentiation among populations (Phi(PT) = 0.105); there was no significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in some populations, and there was moderate inbreeding in others. Pronounced differentiation between Missouri and Oklahoma populations was supported by a Bayesian clustering approach and principle coordinate analyses and was apparently a function of geographic distance. Genetic differentiation among Missouri populations was modest. We posit that population differentiation and genetic drift may be inherent characteristics of V. rupestris. C1 [Pap, Daniel; Kovacs, Laszlo G.] SW Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Miller, Allison J.] St Louis Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Londo, Jason P.] USDA ARS, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Grape Genet Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Kovacs, LG (reprint author), SW Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, 901 S Natl Ave, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. EM laszlokovacs@missouristate.edu FU Faculty Research Grant; M.S. in Plant Science programs at Missouri State University; NSF Grape Genomics Research Coordination Network Grant (NSF) [DBI 0741876] FX The authors thank Courtney Coleman, Justin Fay, Laura Klein, and Anthony Peccoux for their assistance in collecting wild grapevine accessions; Chin-Feng Hwang for providing primers to screen for polymorphic microsatellites; and Jianglu Wang for assistance in digital scanning of specimens. This work was supported by a Faculty Research Grant and the M.S. in Plant Science programs at Missouri State University and by funds from the NSF Grape Genomics Research Coordination Network Grant (NSF grant DBI 0741876). NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ENOLOGY VITICULTURE PI DAVIS PA PO BOX 1855, DAVIS, CA 95617-1855 USA SN 0002-9254 EI 1943-7749 J9 AM J ENOL VITICULT JI Am. J. Enol. Vitic. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 66 IS 4 BP 403 EP 410 DI 10.5344/ajev.2015.15012 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Agriculture GA CW5BE UT WOS:000365009600001 ER PT J AU Schmid, RB Lehman, RM Brozel, VS Lundgren, JG AF Schmid, Ryan B. Lehman, R. Michael Broezel, Volker S. Lundgren, Jonathan G. TI Gut Bacterial Symbiont Diversity Within Beneficial Insects Linked to Reductions in Local Biodiversity SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Allonemobius; cricket; symbiont; Gryllus pennsylvanicus; habitat ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGY; CRICKETS ORTHOPTERA; T-RFLP; COMMUNITIES; MICROBIOTA; MUTUALISM; GRYLLIDAE; HETEROGENEITY AB Understanding the factors that constrain or promote symbiotic microbial communities gives a clearer picture of the niches that can be occupied by a host organism. Many insects harbor symbiotic microbes that can alter various aspects of insect behavior and biology including digestion, sex determination, and pathogen defense. Habitat diversity has a major influence on insect and microbial diversity within an environment. In the current study, we assessed how habitat biodiversity affects the bacterial species richness within the gastrointestinal tract of insects. We measured species abundance of plants and insects present in three replicated habitats (prairie, pasture, and maize fields) that inherently represent a continuum of biological diversities. Gut bacterial symbiont diversity of the crickets Gryllus pennsylvanicus Burmeister and Allonemobius sp. (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) were described using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of rRNA genes. The resulting data show that gut bacterial diversity of both cricket species is positively correlated with biodiversity according to habitat type. This demonstrates that microbial diversity within insect gastrointestinal tracts, and possibly their functions within these insects, is tied to the biodiversity within the habitats where insects live. These results have important implications as to how reductions in habitat biodiversity may affect the ecological functions and services that the remaining species can perform. C1 [Schmid, Ryan B.; Broezel, Volker S.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Schmid, Ryan B.; Lehman, R. Michael; Lundgren, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Lundgren, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM jonathan.lundgren@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0013-8746 EI 1938-2901 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 108 IS 6 BP 993 EP 999 DI 10.1093/aesa/sav081 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CW6TP UT WOS:000365131100004 ER PT J AU Salgado-Salazar, C Rivera, Y Veltri, D Crouch, JA AF Salgado-Salazar, Catalina Rivera, Yazmin Veltri, Daniel Crouch, Jo Anne TI POLYMORPHIC SSR MARKERS FOR PLASMOPARA OBDUCENS (PERONOSPORACEAE), THE NEWLY EMERGENT DOWNY MILDEW PATHOGEN OF IMPATIENS (BALSAMINACEAE) SO APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE de novo assembly; high-throughput marker identification; ornamental impatiens; Plasmopara obducens; population genetics; simple sequence repeats ID 1ST REPORT; UK AB Premise of the study: Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed for Plasmopara obducens, the causal agent of the newly emergent downy mildew disease of Impatiens walleriana. Methods and Results: A 202-Mb draft genome assembly was generated from P. obducens using Illumina technology and mined to identify 13,483 SSR motifs. Primers were synthesized for 62 marker candidates, of which 37 generated reliable PCR products. Testing of the 37 markers using 96 P. obducens samples showed 96% of the markers were polymorphic, with 2-6 alleles observed. Observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.000-0.892 and 0.023-0.746, respectively. Just 17 markers were sufficient to identify all multilocus genotypes. Conclusions: These are the first SSR markers available for this pathogen, and one of the first molecular resources. These markers will be useful in assessing variation in pathogen populations and determining the factors contributing to the emergence of destructive impatiens downy mildew disease. C1 [Salgado-Salazar, Catalina; Rivera, Yazmin; Veltri, Daniel; Crouch, Jo Anne] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Salgado-Salazar, Catalina; Rivera, Yazmin] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Veltri, Daniel] ARS Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Crouch, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Joanne.Crouch@ars.usda.gov OI Crouch, Jo Anne/0000-0001-6886-8090; Veltri, Daniel/0000-0002-6101-6693; Salgado Salazar, Catalina/0000-0002-4156-692X FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS) Farm Bill Programs [10201, 10007]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-06OR23100]; USDA [DE-AC05-06OR23100] FX Funding was provided by the 2013-2015 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS) Farm Bill 10201 and 10007 Programs and USDA-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); D. V. is supported through the USDA-ARS Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the USDA, managed under DOE contract number DE-AC05-06OR23100. We are grateful to Ed Ismaiel for technical assistance and Sonja Sheffer and Matt Lewis for the use of the ABI 3730xl instrument. All opinions expressed in this paper are the author's and do not necessarily reflect the policies and views of USDA, ARS, DOE, or Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU)/ORISE. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 2168-0450 J9 APPL PLANT SCI JI Appl. Plant Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 3 IS 11 AR 1500073 DI 10.3732/apps.1500073 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CW9PP UT WOS:000365331000007 ER PT J AU McHugh, T AF McHugh, Tara TI Ozone Processing of Foods and Beverages SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [McHugh, Tara] USDA ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP McHugh, T (reprint author), USDA ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM tara.mchugh@ars.usda.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 69 IS 11 BP 72 EP 74 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CW4TH UT WOS:000364984500020 ER PT J AU Brunet, J Thairu, MW Henss, JM Link, RI Kluever, JA AF Brunet, Johanne Thairu, Magaret W. Henss, Jillian M. Link, Rosabeth I. Kluever, Joshua A. TI The Effects of Flower, Floral Display, and Reward Sizes on Bumblebee Foraging Behavior When Pollen Is the Reward and Plants Are Dichogamous SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE bumblebee; dichogamy; floral display size; flower size; pollen reward; pollinator preference; Aquilegia coerulea ID AQUILEGIA-CAERULEA RANUNCULACEAE; ROCKY-MOUNTAIN COLUMBINE; RADISH RAPHANUS-RAPHANISTRUM; POLLINATOR VISITATION; MIMULUS-RINGENS; COLLECTING BUMBLEBEES; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; POLEMONIUM-VISCOSUM; TEMPORAL VARIATION; NATURAL-SELECTION AB Premise of research.The size of floral display, flower, and reward can influence pollinator foraging behavior. However, the importance of correlations between floral traits and rewards in affecting pollinator preferences is unclear. Moreover, in monoecious plants and plants with strong within-flower dichogamy, some flowers do not offer a pollen reward, and pollinator attraction may depend on the number of rewarding flowers rather than floral display size. We examined these questions in the Rocky Mountain columbine, where bumblebees can forage only for pollen produced in male-phase flowers.Methodology.We used dual-choice assays and experimental arrays to determine whether a correlation between pollen reward and flower size was necessary before bees could distinguish between flowers with different pollen rewards or sizes. The impact of floral display size on bee foraging was first examined using inflorescences where all flowers provided a reward, either small or large. We then varied either floral display size or number of rewarding flowers while keeping the other variable constant.Pivotal results.Bumblebees preferred flowers with a larger pollen reward or larger flowers only when the size of the pollen reward was correlated with flower size. Bees selected larger floral displays when all flowers presented a similar amount of pollen but preferred inflorescences with more pollen-rewarding flowers when only a proportion of the flowers offered a pollen reward.Conclusions.Bees could identify whether a flower offered pollen and could quantify the number of pollen-rewarding flowers. Correlations between floral traits and pollen reward affected pollinator preferences and may facilitate selection of floral traits by pollinators. Pollinators preferred inflorescences with more pollen-producing flowers rather than larger floral displays, which suggests that selection of floral display size by pollinators may differ between plants with different mating systems. C1 [Brunet, Johanne; Henss, Jillian M.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crop Res Unit, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Brunet, Johanne; Thairu, Magaret W.; Henss, Jillian M.; Link, Rosabeth I.; Kluever, Joshua A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Brunet, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crop Res Unit, Dept Entomol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jbrunet@wisc.edu FU USDA, Agricultural Research Service FX Dr. Murray Clayton provided statistical advice. Funding for the research was provided by funds from the USDA, Agricultural Research Service, to J. Brunet. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 33 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-5893 EI 1537-5315 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 176 IS 9 BP 811 EP 819 DI 10.1086/683339 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CW9FY UT WOS:000365305400001 ER PT J AU Watts, DB Runion, GB Nannenga, KWS Torbert, HA AF Watts, Dexter B. Runion, G. Brett Nannenga, Katy W. Smith Torbert, H. Allen TI Impacts of Enhanced-Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in a Coastal Plain Soil under Cotton SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID IRRIGATED CROPPING SYSTEMS; NO-TILL CORN; OXIDE EMISSIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT; METHANE EMISSIONS; AMMONIA; FLUXES; ROTATION; MANURE AB Enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers (EENFs) have the potential to increase crop yield while decreasing soil N loss. However, the effect of EENFs on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from different agricultural systems is not well understood. Thus, studies from a variety of locations and cropping systems are needed to evaluate their impact. An experiment was initiated on a Coastal Plain soil under cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production for comparing EENFs to traditional sources. Nitrogen sources included urea, ammonia sulfate (AS), urea-ammonia sulfate (UAS), controlled-release, polymer-coated urea (Environmental Smart Nitrogen [ESN]), stabilized granular urea (SuperU), poultry litter (PL), poultry litter plus AgrotainPlus (PLA), and an unfertilized control. Carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) fluxes were monitored regularly after fertilization through harvest from 2009 to 2011 using a closed-chamber method. Poultry litter and PLA had higher CO2 flux than other N treatments, while ESN and SU were generally lowest following fertilization. Nitrous oxide fluxes were highly variable and rarely affected by N treatments; PL and PLA were higher but only during the few samplings in 2010 and 2011. Methane fluxes were higher in 2009 (wet year) than 2010 or 2011, and N treatments had minimal impact. Global warming potential (GWP), calculated from cumulative GHG fluxes, was highest with PL and PLA and lowest for control, UAS, ESN, and SU. Results suggest that PL application to cotton increases GHG flux, but GHG flux reductions from EENFs were infrequently different from standard inorganic fertilizers, suggesting their higher cost may render them presently impractical. C1 [Watts, Dexter B.; Runion, G. Brett; Torbert, H. Allen] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Nannenga, Katy W. Smith] Univ Minnesota, Crookston, MN 56716 USA. RP Watts, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Dexter.Watts@ars.usda.gov FU Agrium Inc.; Agrium Advanced Technologies; Agrotain International; Agricultural Research Service under the ARS GRACEnet Project; Alabama Cotton Commission; Cotton Incorporated; US Poultry and Egg Association FX The authors thank the International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research with funding from Agrium Inc., Agrium Advanced Technologies, and Agrotain International for financial support for this project. This publication is also based on work supported by the Agricultural Research Service under the ARS GRACEnet Project. We also thank the Alabama Cotton Commission, Cotton Incorporated, and the US Poultry and Egg Association for additional funding support. The authors would like to express their thanks to the E.V. Smith Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Field Crops Unit for help in managing the field operations. Lastly, we appreciate Ashley Robinson, Barry Dorman, and Robert Icenogle for technical assistance. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 27 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1699 EP 1710 DI 10.2134/jeq2015.01.0036 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW3SO UT WOS:000364912300001 PM 26641321 ER PT J AU Christianson, LE Harmel, RD AF Christianson, L. E. Harmel, R. D. TI 4R Water Quality Impacts: An Assessment and Synthesis of Forty Years of Drainage Nitrogen Losses SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID CORN-SOYBEAN ROTATION; LIQUID SWINE MANURE; MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; TILE DRAINAGE; NITRATE LOSS; AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE; NUTRIENT LOSSES; SPRING APPLICATION; CROPPING SYSTEMS AB The intersection of agricultural drainage and nutrient mobility in the environment has led to multiscale water quality concerns. This work reviewed and quantitatively analyzed nearly 1,000 site-years of subsurface tile drainage nitrogen (N) load data to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the impacts of 4R practices (application of the right source of nutrients, at the right rate and time, and in the right place) within drained landscapes across North America. Using drainage data newly compiled in the "Measured Annual Nutrient loads from AGricultural Environments" (MANAGE) database, relationships were developed across N application rates for nitrate N drainage loads and corn (Zea mays L.) yields. The lack of significant differences between N application timing or application method was inconsistent with the current emphasis placed on application timing, in particular, as a water quality improvement strategy (p = 0.934 and 0.916, respectively). Broad-scale analyses such as this can help identify major trends for water quality, but accurate implementation of the 4R approach will require site-specific knowledge to balance agronomic and environmental goals. C1 [Christianson, L. E.] Conservat Fund, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA. [Harmel, R. D.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Christianson, LE (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, AW-101 Turner Hall MC-046,1102 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM LEChris@illinois.edu FU 4R Research Fund FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the 4R Research Fund for support of this work. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 77 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1852 EP 1860 DI 10.2134/jeq2015.03.0170 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW3SO UT WOS:000364912300017 PM 26641337 ER PT J AU Watts, DB Way, TR Torbert, HA Armstrong, SD AF Watts, Dexter B. Way, Thomas R. Torbert, H. Allen Armstrong, Shalamar D. TI Subsurface Band Application of Poultry Litter and Its Influence on Phosphorus Concentration and Retention after Runoff from Permanent Pastures SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID DAIRY MANURE; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; NUTRIENT; RAINFALL; TILLAGE; LOSSES; FERTILIZATION; NITROGEN; COMPOST AB Excessive phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural fields is a major cause of eutrophication to rivers, lakes, and streams. To mitigate P loss after poultry litter (PL) applications, technology is being developed to apply litter below the soil surface. Thus, research was conducted to evaluate the effects of subsurface PL banding on soil P under pasture management. Treatments consisted of surface-broadcasted or subsurface-banded PL (38 cm apart) at 9 Mg ha(-1), surface-broadcasted commercial fertilizer (CF; urea and triple superphosphate blend) at N (330 kg N ha(-1)) and P (315 kg N ha(-1)) application rates equivalent to PL, and a nonfertilized control. Runoff events lasting 40 min were simulated in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) pastures on common soil types of the Coastal Plain and Piedmont regions. One day later, Mehlich-1 and water-soluble P concentrations in soil were measured at depths of 0 to 5 cm and 5 to 10 cm to determine P distribution and movement. The greatest P concentrations were observed at the shallow depth for all treatments. Phosphorus measurements at the point of application for PL bands were greater than for the surface-applied treatments (PL and CF) and control. Measurements between subsurface PL bands were slightly higher than the control but were statistically similar, suggesting that this application method can abate shortterm P movement. Results obtained from this study show that subsurface band applying PL could increase P retention and reduce movement by precluding contact between surface water and litter nutrients. C1 [Watts, Dexter B.; Way, Thomas R.; Torbert, H. Allen] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Armstrong, Shalamar D.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Watts, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Dexter.Watts@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1930 EP 1937 DI 10.2134/jeq2015.01.0037 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW3SO UT WOS:000364912300025 PM 26641345 ER PT J AU Burkhardt, A Gawde, A Cantrell, CL Baxter, HL Joyce, BL Stewart, CN Zheljazkov, VD AF Burkhardt, Andy Gawde, Archana Cantrell, Charles L. Baxter, Holly L. Joyce, Blake L. Stewart, C. Neal, Jr. Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. TI Effects of Produced Water on Soil Characteristics, Plant Biomass, and Secondary Metabolites SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID ARTEMISIA-ANNUA L.; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; ESSENTIAL OIL; SWITCHGRASS; FERMENTATION; ETHANOL; METHANE; GROWTH AB The Powder River Basin in Wyoming and Montana contains the United States' largest coal reserve. The area produces large amounts of natural gas through extraction from water-saturated coalbeds. Determining the impacts of coalbed natural gas-produced efflux water on crops is important when considering its potential use as supplemental irrigation water. We hypothesized that coalbed natural gas water, because of its high salinity and sodicity, would affect plant secondary metabolism (essential oils) and biomass accumulation. A 2-yr field study was conducted in Wyoming to investigate the effects of produced water on two traditional bioenergy feedstocks-corn (Zea mays L.) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)-and four novel biofuel feedstock species-spearmint (Mentha spicata L.), Japanese cornmint (Mentha canadensis L.), lemongrass [Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) J. F. Watson]), and common wormwood (Artemisia vulgaris L.). The four nontraditional feedstock species were chosen because they contain high-value plant chemicals that can offset production costs. Essential oil content was significantly affected by coalbed natural gas water in lemongrass and spearmint. Oil content differences between two spearmint harvests in the same year indicated that there were significant changes between the growth stage of the plant and essential oil content; the first harvest averaged 0.42 g of oil per 100 g biomass while the second harvest (harvested before flowering) yielded only 0.19 g oil per 100 g dry biomass. Results indicated that produced water can be used for short-period (2 yr) irrigation of crops. However, prolonged use of untreated produced water for irrigation would likely have deleterious long-term effects on the soil and plants unless the water was treated or diluted (mixed) with good-quality water. C1 [Burkhardt, Andy; Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Plant Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Gawde, Archana; Cantrell, Charles L.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Baxter, Holly L.; Joyce, Blake L.; Stewart, C. Neal, Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Plant Sci, 1000 Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM Valtcho.jeliazkov@oregonstate.edu OI Gawde, Archana/0000-0002-6495-3850 FU University of Wyoming; SunGrant project "Development of a Production System for Emerging Feedstock with Double Utilization" FX This research was conducted with support from the University of Wyoming startup funds and the SunGrant project "Development of a Production System for Emerging Feedstock with Double Utilization," both of which were awarded to the corresponding author, Dr. Valtcho D. Jeliazkov (Zheljazkov). The authors would like to acknowledge Dan Smith at the University of Wyoming Sheridan Research and Extension Center for his technical assistance and Andrew Kniss, Henry Sintim, and David Legg for their assistance with the statistical analyses. We would also like to acknowledge Ben Wolfe, Charleson Poovaiah, and Mitra Mazarei from University of Tennessee, Knoxville, for their contributions to the fermentation experiments, as well as Sujata Agarwal and the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture Genomics Hub for the high performance liquid chromatography analyses. Special thanks to Beneterra, LLC and Pioneer Hi-Bred International for supplying the coalbed natural gas water and the corn seed, respectively. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 16 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1938 EP 1947 DI 10.2134/jeq2015.06.0299 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW3SO UT WOS:000364912300026 PM 26641346 ER PT J AU Williams, MR King, KW Macrae, ML Ford, W Van Esbroeck, C Brunke, RI English, MC Schiff, SL AF Williams, Mark R. King, Kevin W. Macrae, Merrin L. Ford, William Van Esbroeck, Chris Brunke, Richard I. English, Michael C. Schiff, Sherry L. TI Uncertainty in nutrient loads from tile-drained landscapes: Effect of sampling frequency, calculation algorithm, and compositing strategy SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Uncertainty; Sampling strategy; Water quality; Composite; Phosphorus; Nitrate ID AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; PHOSPHORUS TRANSPORT; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; STREAMS; NITRATE; RIVERS; INDICATORS; CATCHMENTS; NITROGEN; IMPACT AB Accurate estimates of annual nutrient loads are required to evaluate trends in water quality following changes in land use or management and to calibrate and validate water quality models. While much emphasis has been placed on understanding the uncertainty of nutrient load estimates in large, naturally drained watersheds, few studies have focused on tile-drained fields and small tile-drained headwater watersheds. The objective of this study was to quantify uncertainty in annual dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) load estimates from four tile-drained fields and two small tile-drained headwater watersheds in Ohio, USA and Ontario, Canada. High temporal resolution datasets of discharge (10-30 mm) and nutrient concentration (2 h to 1 d) were collected over a 1-2 year period at each site and used to calculate a reference nutrient load. Monte Carlo simulations were used to subsample the measured data to assess the effects of sample frequency, calculation algorithm, and compositing strategy on the uncertainty of load estimates. Results showed that uncertainty in annual DRP and NO3-N load estimates was influenced by both the sampling interval and the load estimation algorithm. Uncertainty in annual nutrient load estimates increased with increasing sampling interval for all of the load estimation algorithms tested. Continuous discharge measurements and linear interpolation of nutrient concentrations yielded the least amount of uncertainty, but still tended to underestimate the reference load. Compositing strategies generally improved the precision of load estimates compared to discrete grab samples; however, they often reduced the accuracy. Based on the results of this study, we recommended that nutrient concentration be measured every 13-26 h for DRP and every 2.7-17.5 d for NO3-N in tile-drained fields and small tile-drained headwater watersheds to accurately (+/- 10%) estimate annual loads. (C) Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Williams, Mark R.; King, Kevin W.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Macrae, Merrin L.; Van Esbroeck, Chris] Univ Waterloo, Dept Geog & Environm Management, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Brunke, Richard I.] Ontario Minist Agr Food & Rural Affairs, London, N6E 1L3, England. [English, Michael C.] Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C2, Canada. [Schiff, Sherry L.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Earth Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Ford, William] Marshall Univ, Huntington, WV 25755 USA. RP Williams, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM mark.williams2@ars.usda.gov; kevin.king@ars.usda.gov; mmacrae@uwaterloo.ca; fordw@marshall.edu; cvanesbr@uwaterloo.ca; richard.brunke@ontario.ca; menglish@uwaterloo.ca; sschiff@uwaterloo.ca OI Macrae, Merrin/0000-0003-3296-3103 FU Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA); NOVARTIS FX The authors would like to thank the land owners and operators at each of the study sites who provided access to their fields; Eric Fischer for analytical expertise; and Jedediah Stinner, Katie Rumora, Phil Levison, Kevin McKague, and Vito Lam for help in data collection, site maintenance, and technical assistance. The authors would also like to thank the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA) Best Management Practices Verification and Demonstration Research Program and NOVARTIS for funding. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 530 BP 306 EP 316 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.09.060 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA CW5QD UT WOS:000365050600025 ER PT J AU Hall, MB Hatfield, RD AF Hall, Mary Beth Hatfield, Ronald D. TI Comparison of methods for glycogen analysis of in vitro fermentation pellets produced with strained ruminal inoculum SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Glycogen; Reserve carbohydrate; Rumen; Amyloglucosidase; Method ID WHOLE YEAST-CELLS; STARCH; DIGESTION; PROTOZOA AB Microbial glycogen measurement is used to account for fates of carbohydrate substrates. It is commonly applied to washed cells or pure cultures which can be accurately subsampled, allowing the use of smaller sample sizes. However, the nonhomogeneous fermentation pellets produced with strained rumen inoculum cannot be accurately subsampled, requiring analysis of the entire pellet. In this study, two microbial glycogen methods were compared for analysis of such fermentation pellets: boiling samples for 3 h in 30% KOH (KOH) or for 15 min in 0.2 M NaOH (NaOH), followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with alpha-amylase and amyloglucosidase, and detection of released glucose. Total alpha-glucan was calculated as glucose x 0.9. KOH and NaOH did not differ in the alpha-glucan detected in fermentation pellets (29.9 and 29.6 mg, respectively; P = 0.61). Recovery of different control alpha-glucans was also tested using KOH, NaOH, and a method employing 45 min of bead beating (BB). For purified beef liver glycogen (water-soluble) recovery, BB (95.0%) > KOH (91.4%) > NaOH (87.4%; P < 0.05), and for wheat starch (water-insoluble granules) recovery, NaOH (96.9%) > BB (93.8%) > KOH (91.0%; P < 0.05). Recovery of isolated protozoal glycogen (water-insoluble granules) did not differ among KOH (87.0%), NaOH (87.6%), and BB (86.0%; P = 0.81), but recoveries for all were below 90%. Differences among substrates in the need for gelatinization and susceptibility to destruction by alkali likely affected the results. In conclusion, KOH and NaOH glycogen methods provided comparable determinations of fermentation pellet alpha-glucan. The tests on purified alpha-glucans indicated that assessment of recovery in glycogen methods can differ by the control alpha-glucan selected. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hall, Mary Beth; Hatfield, Ronald D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hall, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM marybeth.hall@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service [5090-31000-024-00D] FX This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service Project 5090-31000-024-00D. We wish to thank Ms. J. W. Pitas of the U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI for analytical assistance, Dr. P. J. Weimer of the U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI for discussion and comments, and Dr. T. J. Hackmann of the University of Florida, Gainesville for conversations and insights regarding the bead beating protocol. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD NOV PY 2015 VL 118 BP 147 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.09.008 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA CW3KX UT WOS:000364892300024 PM 26388511 ER PT J AU Joseph, S Stevens, AM Ledoux, T O'Connor, TM O'Connor, DP Thompson, D AF Joseph, Sitara Stevens, Andria M. Ledoux, Tracey O'Connor, Teresia M. O'Connor, Daniel P. Thompson, Debbe TI Rationale, Design, and Methods for Process Evaluation in the Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration Project SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE process evaluation; childhood obesity; methods; reach; dose; fidelity ID PREVENTION INTERVENTION; HEALTHY; SCHOOL; CORD; IMPLEMENTATION; ADOLESCENTS; CALIFORNIA; NUTRITION; CHILDREN; PROGRAM AB Objective: The cross-site process evaluation plan for the Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (CORD) project is described here. Design: The CORD project comprises 3 unique demonstration projects designed to integrate multilevel, multi-setting health care and public health interventions over a 4-year funding period. Setting: Three different communities in California, Massachusetts, and Texas. Participants: All CORD demonstration projects targeted 2-12-year-old children whose families are eligible for benefits under Title XXI (CHIP) or Title XIX (Medicaid). Intervention(s): The CORD projects were developed independently and consisted of evidence-based interventions that aim to prevent childhood obesity. The interventions promote healthy behaviors in children by applying strategies in 4 key settings (primary care clinics, early care and education centers, public schools, and community institutions). Main Outcome Measure(s): The CORD process evaluation outlined 3 main outcome measures: reach, dose, and fidelity, on 2 levels (researcher to provider, and provider to participant). Analysis: The plan described here provides insight into the complex nature of process evaluation for consortia of independently designed multi-level, multi-setting intervention studies. The process evaluation results will provide contextual information about intervention implementation and delivery with which to interpret other aspects of the program. C1 [Joseph, Sitara] So Methodist Univ, Ctr Res & Evaluat, Simmons Sch Educ & Human Dev, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Stevens, Andria M.; Ledoux, Tracey; O'Connor, Daniel P.] Univ Houston, Texas Obes Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [O'Connor, Teresia M.; Thompson, Debbe] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Thompson, D (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dit@bcm.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [RFA-DP-11007, U18DP003350] FX This research was supported in part by cooperative agreement RFA-DP-11007 (grant U18DP003350) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1499-4046 EI 1878-2620 J9 J NUTR EDUC BEHAV JI J. Nutr. Educ. Behav. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 47 IS 6 BP 560 EP U98 DI 10.1016/j.jneb.2015.07.002 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CW5ZT UT WOS:000365076700012 PM 26298514 ER PT J AU Delgado, JA Gantzer, CJ AF Delgado, Jorge A. Gantzer, Clark J. TI The 4Rs for cover crops and other advances in cover crop management for environmental quality SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID NO-TILLAGE CORN; SOIL-EROSION; NITROGEN; CARBON; ROTATIONS; DYNAMICS; INCREASE; TOOLS C1 [Delgado, Jorge A.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Gantzer, Clark J.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Soil & Water Conservat, Columbia, MO USA. RP Delgado, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 24 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 70 IS 6 BP 142A EP 145A DI 10.2489/jswc.70.6.142A PG 4 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA CW3UO UT WOS:000364917700005 ER PT J AU Hively, WD Duiker, S McCarty, G Prabhakara, K AF Hively, W. D. Duiker, S. McCarty, G. Prabhakara, K. TI Remote sensing to monitor cover crop adoption in southeastern Pennsylvania SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE cover crop; Landsat; nitrogen; normalized difference vegetation index; remote sensing; satellite ID LANDSAT-TM DATA; RESIDUE COVER; WHEAT RESIDUE; WATER-QUALITY; SOIL; REFLECTANCE; NITROGEN; BIOMASS; VEGETATION; INDEXES AB In the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, winter cereal cover crops are often planted in rotation with summer crops to reduce the loss of nutrients and sediment from agricultural systems. Cover crops can also improve soil health, control weeds and pests, supplement forage needs, and support resilient cropping systems. In southeastern Pennsylvania, cover crops can be successfully established following corn (Zea mays L.) silage harvest and are strongly promoted for use in this niche. They are also planted following corn grain, soybean (Glycine max L.), and vegetable harvest. In Pennsylvania, the use of winter cover crops for agricultural conservation has been supported through a combination of outreach, regulation, and incentives. On-farm implementation is thought to be increasing, but the actual extent of cover crops is not well quantified. Satellite imagery can be used to map green winter cover crop vegetation on agricultural fields and, when integrated with additional remote sensing data products, can be used to evaluate wintertime vegetative groundcover following specific summer crops. This study used Landsat and SPOT (System Probatoire d' Observation de la Terre) satellite imagery, in combination with the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service Cropland Data Layer, to evaluate the extent and amount of green wintertime vegetation on agricultural fields in four Pennsylvania counties (Berks, Lebanon, Lancaster, and York) from 2010 to 2013. In December of 2010, a windshield survey was conducted to collect baseline data on winter cover crop implementation, with particular focus on identifying corn harvested for silage (expected earlier harvest date and lower levels of crop residue), versus for grain (expected later harvest date and higher levels of crop residue). Satellite spectral indices were successfully used to detect both the amount of green vegetative groundcover and the amount of crop residue on the surveyed fields. Analysis of wintertime satellite imagery showed consistent increases in vegetative groundcover over the four-year study period and determined that trends did not result from annual weather variability, indicating that farmers are increasing adoption of practices such as cover cropping that promote wintertime vegetation. Between 2010 and 2013, the occurrence of wintertime vegetation on agricultural fields increased from 36% to 67% of corn fields in Berks County, from 53% to 75% in Lancaster County, from 42% to 65% in Lebanon County, and from 26% to 52% in York County. Apparently, efforts to promote cover crop use in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed have coincided with a rapid increase in the occurrence of wintertime vegetation following corn harvest in southeastern Pennsylvania. However, despite these increases, between 25% and 48% of corn fields remained without substantial green vegetation over the wintertime, indicating further opportunity for cover crop adoption. C1 [Hively, W. D.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Duiker, S.] Penn State Univ, Soil Management & Appl Soil Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [McCarty, G.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Prabhakara, K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Hively, WD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. FU US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Program; USDA Choptank River Conservation Effects Assessment Project; Chesapeake Bay Innovative Nutrient and Sediment Reduction grant FX Thank you to the county extension agents in Pennsylvania who took time to collect the windshield survey data, to University of Maryland geography graduate student Mouhamad Diabate for technical support, and to Roosevelt High School Science and Technology student interns Tolulope Adetayo and Collette Harding for digitizing the windshield survey data. We are grateful to Craig Daughtry, research agronomist with the USDA ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, and to an anonymous reviewer for providing helpful input for manuscript revisions. This project was supported by the US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Program, the USDA Choptank River Conservation Effects Assessment Project, and by a Chesapeake Bay Innovative Nutrient and Sediment Reduction grant administered by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. The data supporting this manuscript are available at https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/folder/5513353ce4b02e76d75c0993. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 21 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 70 IS 6 BP 340 EP 352 DI 10.2489/jswc.70.6.340 PG 13 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA CW3UO UT WOS:000364917700007 ER PT J AU Kaspar, TC Bakker, MG AF Kaspar, T. C. Bakker, M. G. TI Biomass production of 12 winter cereal cover crop cultivars and their effect on subsequent no-till corn yield SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE corn; cover crops; population; rye; triticale; wheat ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; UPPER MIDWEST; GRAIN-YIELD; RYE; NITRATE; GROWTH; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; RESIDUE; WATER AB Cover crops can improve the sustainability and resilience of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) production systems. At present, the most widely used cover crops in corn-soybean systems in the upper Midwest United States have been winter cereals. However, there have been isolated reports of corn yield reductions following winter rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crops, and the risk of corn yield reductions will reduce the likelihood of farmers adopting cover crops. Although the exact mechanism is unknown and there are many possible causes of corn yield reductions following winter cereal cover crops, we hypothesize that there may be differences among winter cereal species or cultivars in their effect on corn yield. Additionally, there have been no evaluations of shoot growth and nitrogen (N) uptake of winter cereal cultivars used as cover crops in the upper Midwest. Seven winter rye cultivars, 2 winter triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) cultivars, and 3 winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were planted following soybean harvest and grown as a winter cover crops preceding corn in four years to determine whether the 12 cultivars differed in (1) biomass production and N uptake, and (2) impact on corn yield, harvest population, and other yield parameters. The 12 cover crop cultivars differed in each of the four years for shoot dry weight, shoot N concentration, and total shoot N content. In general, the winter rye cultivars had greater shoot biomass, lower shoot N concentrations, and higher total shoot N contents than the winter triticale and winter wheat cultivars. The winter cereal cultivars decreased corn yield in two of the four years, and the yield effect varied among cultivars. Some cultivars of all three species caused corn yield decreases, with no indication that winter rye had a greater effect than did winter wheat or winter triticale. Four winter rye cultivars did not significantly reduce corn yield in either of the two years in which yield was reduced. In general, the decreases in corn yield following the winter cereal cover crops were related to decreases in harvest population and increases in the number of barren plants, but were not strongly related to cover crop shoot dry weight within years. Our study shows that there are genotypic differences among winter cereal cultivars for their performance as cover crops and their effect on corn yields. C1 [Kaspar, T. C.; Bakker, M. G.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Kaspar, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 26 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 70 IS 6 BP 353 EP 364 DI 10.2489/jswc.70.6.353 PG 12 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA CW3UO UT WOS:000364917700008 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Stuedemann, JA AF Franzluebbers, A. J. Stuedemann, J. A. TI Does grazing of cover crops impact biologically active soil carbon and nitrogen fractions under inversion or no tillage management? SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE cover crop management; flush of carbon dioxide; net nitrogen mineralization; no tillage; soil microbial biomass carbon ID CHLOROFORM FUMIGATION-INCUBATION; SOUTHERN PIEDMONT USA; ORGANIC-MATTER POOLS; STRATIFICATION RATIO; LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION; VEGETABLE PRODUCTION; RESPONSES; SYSTEMS; QUALITY; CATTLE AB Cover crops are a key component of conservation cropping systems. They can also be a key component of integrated crop-livestock systems by offering high-quality forage during short periods between cash crops. The impact of cattle grazing on biologically active soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fractions has not received much attention. We investigated the impacts of tillage (conventional disk and no tillage) and cover crop management (ungrazed and grazed) on biologically active soil C and N fractions from biennial sampling during seven years of continuous management. Soil microbial biomass C was unaffected by cover crop management under conventional tillage, but was enhanced with grazing compared with no grazing under no tillage at a depth of 0 to 6 cm (0 to 2.4 in), as well as at 0 to 30 cm (0 to 12 in). The same effect occurred for the flush of carbon dioxide (CO2) following rewetting of dried soil during 3 days of incubation at a depth of 0 to 6 cm only, while it occurred for cumulative C mineralization during 24 days of incubation at a depth of 0 to 30 cm only. Grazing effects on net N mineralization during 24 days of incubation and residual soil inorganic N were nonexistent. All biologically active fractions of soil C and N were highly stratified with depth under no tillage and less so under conventional tillage. Cumulative stocks of soil C and N fractions to a depth of 0 to 30 cm were generally not significantly different between cover crop management systems, nor between tillage systems, except for (1) lower soil microbial biomass C with than without grazing under conventional tillage, (2) greater soil microbial biomass C with than without grazing under no tillage, and (3) lower cumulative C mineralization during 24 days under no tillage than under conventional tillage. Grazing of cover crops can be recommended as a strategy to promote greater adoption of cover cropping throughout the southeastern United States. C1 [Franzluebbers, A. J.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stuedemann, J. A.] USDA ARS, Watkinsville, GA USA. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. FU USDA National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program [2001-35107-11126]; Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Corn; USDA ARS FX Thanks go to Steven Knapp (biological science technician, USDA Agricultural Research Service [ARS], Athens, Georgia) for excellent management of field and laboratory work on this project. We also thank Dwight Seman (support scientist, USDA ARS, Lexington, Kentucky) and C.J. O'Mara (agricultural specialist, University of Georgia, Watkinsville, Georgia) for managing cattle and Carson Pruitt, Zack Schroer, Kelley and Kim Lyness, Josh Cown, Amanda Limbaugh, Faye Black, Stephanie Steed, and Devin Berry (all former student biological science aids) for their assistance while students. Additional thanks to Ellen Leonard (research technician, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina) for completing the analyses of extractable N. Early financial support was provided by USDA National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (Agr. No. 2001-35107-11126) and the Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Corn. This study was also supported by USDA ARS base funding, and contributed to the GRACEnet project. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 27 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 70 IS 6 BP 365 EP 373 DI 10.2489/jswc.70.6.365 PG 9 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA CW3UO UT WOS:000364917700009 ER PT J AU Sainju, UM Singh, HP Singh, BP AF Sainju, U. M. Singh, H. P. Singh, B. P. TI Cover crop effects on soil carbon and nitrogen under bioenergy sorghum crops SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE available nitrogen; bioenergy crop; carbon storage; cover crop; nitrogen storage; sorghum ID CONSERVATION TILLAGE; NONTILLED SOILS; ORGANIC-CARBON; FERTILIZATION; CORN; SEQUESTRATION; SYSTEMS; STORAGE; YIELD AB Cover crops can increase soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storage and reduce the potential for N leaching under agronomic crops, but little is known about their effect under bioenergy crops whose aboveground biomass is removed either for biofuel production or for livestock feed. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of cover crops on soil organic C (SOC), total N (STN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), and nitrate-N (NO3-N) contents at the 0 to 30 cm (0 to 12 in) depth under bioenergy sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) crops from 2010 to 2013 in the southeastern United States. Treatments were two sorghum species (forage sorghum [Sorghum vulgare Pers.] and sweet sorghum) as the main plot and four cover crops as the split-plot treatments arranged in a randomized complete block with three replications. Cover crop treatments were legume (hairy vetch [Vicia villosa Roth]), nonlegume (rye [Secale cereal L.]), biculture of legume and nonlegume (hairy vetch/rye), and no cover crop (control). At 15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in), SOC was greater with hairy vetch/rye than the control under forage sorghum. At 0 to 5 and 5 to 15 cm (0 to 2 and 2 to 6 in), STN was greater with hairy vetch and hairy vetch/rye than rye under forage sorghum and greater with hairy vetch/rye than the control under sweet sorghum. At 5 to 15 cm, NO3-N was greater with hairy vetch/rye than rye in 2011, but was greater with rye and hairy vetch than hairy vetch/rye in 2012. At all depths, NH4-N was greater under forage than sweet sorghum in 2012. Regardless of treatments, SOC and STN increased, but NH4-N and NO3-N varied from 2010 to 2013. Although soil available N varied with cover crops, sorghum types, and climatic conditions from year to year, hairy vetch/rye can conserve and/or increase soil C and N storage compared with vetch or rye alone, or the control under bioenergy sorghum in the southeastern United States. The results can be used to claim C credit, increase N cycling, and improve soil and environmental quality under bioenergy sorghum in the regions with similar soil and climatic conditions. C1 [Sainju, U. M.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Singh, H. P.; Singh, B. P.] Ft Valley State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Agron, Ft Valley, GA USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture - Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [GEOX-2010-03868] FX We acknowledge the excellent support provided by Joy Barsotti, agricultural research technician with the USDA Agricultural Research Service in Idaho, in analyzing soil samples in the laboratory. We also acknowledge the financial support provided by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture - Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant No. GEOX-2010-03868 for conducting this research. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 25 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 70 IS 6 BP 410 EP 417 DI 10.2489/jswc.70.6.410 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA CW3UO UT WOS:000364917700013 ER PT J AU Gao, LL Kielsmeier-Cook, J Bajgain, P Zhang, XF Chao, SM Rouse, MN Anderson, JA AF Gao, Liangliang Kielsmeier-Cook, Josh Bajgain, Prabin Zhang, Xiaofei Chao, Shiaoman Rouse, Matthew N. Anderson, James A. TI Development of genotyping by sequencing (GBS)- and array-derived SNP markers for stem rust resistance gene Sr42 SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); Stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis tritici); Sr42; Genotyping by sequencing (GBS); Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP); Marker-assisted selection (MAS) ID F-SP TRITICI; COMMON BUNT RESISTANCE; BREAD WHEAT; SPRING WHEAT; AESTIVUM L.; RACE UG99; CULTIVARS; PCR; DIVERSITY; SELECTION AB The stem rust fungus, particularly race TTKSK (Ug99), poses a serious threat to world wheat production. Gene Sr42 or SrCad (which could be the same gene or an allele of Sr42) is effective against race TTKSK. However, known genetic markers for Sr42 are mostly SSR markers which are generally labor intensive to use. In this study, we mapped a race TTKSK resistance gene derived from PI 595667 at the same locus as Sr42 on chromosome 6DS. Based on position, pedigree and infection-type information, we propose that this gene is SrCad (Sr42). We enriched the genetic map for the Sr42 region using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and array-derived SNP markers. In total, 21 SNP markers were discovered, spanning a genetic distance of 27.2 cM. Nine of them are derived from GBS and twelve from the Illumina iSelect 90K SNP assay. Ten of the twenty-one SNP markers are closely linked (<2.2 cM, or co-segregating) with Sr42. We converted five of the closely linked SNP markers into uniplex KASP assays which will better facilitate marker-assisted selection. We validated the KASP assay in a doubled haploid wheat population derived from a three-way cross between accessions PI 410954, RB07, and Faller that shared an uncharacterized resistance gene mapped at approximately the same locus as PI 595667. The development of closely linked (co-segregating), codominant, sequence-based SNP assays will aid marker-assisted selection and map-based cloning of Sr42. C1 [Gao, Liangliang; Bajgain, Prabin; Zhang, Xiaofei; Anderson, James A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kielsmeier-Cook, Josh; Rouse, Matthew N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Anderson, JA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM ander319@umn.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011; OI Gao, Liangliang/0000-0002-3864-0631 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; UK Department for International Development; USDA-ARS National Plant Disease Recovery System; United States Department of Agriculture; National Research Initiative Competitive Grant (Triticeae-CAP) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029] FX This work is part of the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat (DRRW) Project funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the UK Department for International Development. This work is also supported by the USDA-ARS National Plant Disease Recovery System and the United States Department of Agriculture, and National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-68002-30029 (Triticeae-CAP) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We acknowledge the Minnesota Supercomputing Institute for providing computing resources. NR 49 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 35 IS 11 AR 207 DI 10.1007/s11032-015-0404-4 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA CW7ML UT WOS:000365183200006 ER PT J AU Anderegg, WRL Hicke, JA Fisher, RA Allen, CD Aukema, J Bentz, B Hood, S Lichstein, JW Macalady, AK McDowell, N Pan, YD Raffa, K Sala, A Shaw, JD Stephenson, NL Tague, C Zeppel, M AF Anderegg, William R. L. Hicke, Jeffrey A. Fisher, Rosie A. Allen, Craig D. Aukema, Juliann Bentz, Barbara Hood, Sharon Lichstein, Jeremy W. Macalady, Alison K. McDowell, Nate Pan, Yude Raffa, Kenneth Sala, Anna Shaw, John D. Stephenson, Nathan L. Tague, Christina Zeppel, Melanie TI Tree mortality from drought, insects, and their interactions in a changing climate SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Review DE biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks; carbon cycle; disturbance; dynamic global vegetation model; trophic interactions ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS; FOREST DIE-OFF; SPRUCE BUDWORM; BARK BEETLES; SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERNS; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE; SOUTHWESTERN COLORADO; VEGETATION MORTALITY AB Climate change is expected to drive increased tree mortality through drought, heat stress, and insect attacks, with manifold impacts on forest ecosystems. Yet, climate-induced tree mortality and biotic disturbance agents are largely absent from process-based ecosystem models. Using data sets from the western USA and associated studies, we present a framework for determining the relative contribution of drought stress, insect attack, and their interactions, which is critical for modeling mortality in future climates. We outline a simple approach that identifies the mechanisms associated with two guilds of insects - bark beetles and defoliators - which are responsible for substantial tree mortality. We then discuss cross-biome patterns of insect-driven tree mortality and draw upon available evidence contrasting the prevalence of insect outbreaks in temperate and tropical regions. We conclude with an overview of tools and promising avenues to address major challenges. Ultimately, a multitrophic approach that captures tree physiology, insect populations, and tree-insect interactions will better inform projections of forest ecosystem responses to climate change. C1 [Anderegg, William R. L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Hicke, Jeffrey A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Fisher, Rosie A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Allen, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Jemez Mt Field Stn, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Aukema, Juliann] Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA. [Bentz, Barbara] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Hood, Sharon; Sala, Anna] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Lichstein, Jeremy W.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Macalady, Alison K.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85712 USA. [McDowell, Nate] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Pan, Yude] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Raffa, Kenneth] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Shaw, John D.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Stephenson, Nathan L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA. [Tague, Christina] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Zeppel, Melanie] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Anderegg, WRL (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM anderegg@princeton.edu RI Hood, Sharon/E-5209-2015; OI Hood, Sharon/0000-0002-9544-8208; Zeppel, Melanie/0000-0002-5510-0936 FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center - NSF [EF-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of California; NCEAS; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative of the USDA National institute of Food and Agriculture [2013-67003-20652]; United States Geological Survey (USGS) Climate Research and Development Program through the Western Mountain Initiative; Department of the Interior Northwest Climate Science Center from the USGS [G12AC20481]; US Geological Survey FX This work was conducted as part of the Tree Mortality Working Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by the NSF (grant no. EF-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara, and the State of California. Additional support was also provided for J.A., the NCEAS Postdoctoral Associate in the Group. W.R.L.A. was supported in part by a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral fellowship, administered by the University Corporation of Atmospheric Research. J.A.H. was supported by a grant from the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative of the USDA National institute of Food and Agriculture (grant no. 2013-67003-20652), the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Climate Research and Development Program through the Western Mountain Initiative, and the Department of the Interior Northwest Climate Science Center through a Cooperative Agreement (G12AC20481) from the USGS. We also acknowledge the support of the US Geological Survey's Ecosystems and Climate and Land Use Change mission areas. NR 106 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 42 U2 156 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 208 IS 3 BP 674 EP 683 DI 10.1111/nph.13477 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CX0MX UT WOS:000365392100007 PM 26058406 ER PT J AU Liu, SB Sehgal, SK Lin, M Li, JR Trick, HN Gill, BS Bai, GH AF Liu, Shubing Sehgal, Sunish K. Lin, Meng Li, Jiarui Trick, Harold N. Gill, Bikram S. Bai, Guihua TI Independent mis-splicing mutations in TaPHS1 causing loss of preharvest sprouting (PHS) resistance during wheat domestication SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE domestication; mis-splicing; preharvest sprouting (PHS); seed dormancy; wheat ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; SEED DORMANCY; BREAD-WHEAT; POLYPLOID WHEAT; RICE; WILD; HYBRIDIZATION; EVOLUTION; CLONING AB Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is one of the major constraints of wheat production in areas where prolonged rainfall occurs during harvest. TaPHS1 is a gene that regulates PHS resistance on chromosome 3A of wheat, and two causal mutations in the positions +646 and +666 of the TaPHS1 coding region result in wheat PHS susceptibility. Three competitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers were developed based on the two mutations in the coding region and one in the promoter region and validated in 82 wheat cultivars with known genotypes. These markers can be used to transfer TaPHS1 in breeding through marker-assisted selection. Screening of 327 accessions of wheat A genome progenitors using the three KASP markers identified different haplotypes in both diploid and tetraploid wheats. Only one Triticum monococcum accession, however, carries both causal mutations in the TaPHS1 coding region and shows PHS susceptibility. Five of 249 common wheat landraces collected from the Fertile Crescent and surrounding areas carried the mutation (C) in the promoter (-222), and one landrace carries both the causal mutations in the TaPHS1 coding region, indicating that the mis-splicing (+646) mutation occurred during common wheat domestication. PHS assay of wheat progenitor accessions demonstrated that the wild-types were highly PHS-resistant, whereas the domesticated type showed increased PHS susceptibility. The mis-splicing TaPHS1 mutation for PHS susceptibility was involved in wheat domestication and might arise independently between T. monococcum and Triticum aestivum. C1 [Liu, Shubing] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Agron, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Liu, Shubing; Lin, Meng; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Sehgal, Sunish K.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Sehgal, Sunish K.; Li, Jiarui; Trick, Harold N.; Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bai, Guihua] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM guihua.bai@ars.usda.gov OI Trick, Harold/0000-0001-5255-5575 FU National Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029] FX This is contribution number 15-030-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station (Manhattan, KS, USA). This project is partly funded by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants CAP project 2011-68002-30029 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 208 IS 3 BP 928 EP 935 DI 10.1111/nph.13489 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CX0MX UT WOS:000365392100027 PM 26255630 ER PT J AU Zhu, CH Cai, YM Gertz, ER La Frano, MR Burnett, DJ Burri, BJ AF Zhu, Chenghao Cai, Yimeng Gertz, Erik R. La Frano, Michael R. Burnett, Dustin J. Burri, Betty J. TI Red palm oil-supplemented and biofortified cassava gari increase the carotenoid and retinyl palmitate concentrations of triacylglycerol-rich plasma in women SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biofortified cassava; Red palm oil; Vitamin A; beta-Carotene; Human ID VITAMIN-A-DEFICIENCY; BETA-CAROTENE; POSTPRANDIAL APPEARANCE; INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION; SUNFLOWER OIL; DOUBLE-TRACER; DIETARY-FAT; BIOAVAILABILITY; HUMANS; CHILDREN AB Boiled biofortified cassava containing beta-carotene can increase retinyl palmitate in triacylglycerol-rich plasma. Thus, it might alleviate vitamin A deficiency. Cassava requires extensive preparation to decrease its level of cyanogenic glucosides, which can be fatal. Garification is a popular method of preparing cassava that removes cyanogen glucosides. Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of biofortified gari to gari prepared with red palm oil. The study was a randomized crossover trial in 8 American women. Three gari preparations separated by 2-week washout periods were consumed. Treatments (containing 200-225.9 g gari) were as follows: biofortified gari (containing 1 mg beta-carotene), red palm oil fortified gari (1 mg beta-carotene), and unfortified gari with a 0.3-mg retinyl palmitate reference dose. Blood was collected 6 times from -0.5 to 9.5 hours after ingestion. Triacylglycerol-rich plasma was separated by ultracentrifugation and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection. Area under the curve for beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, and retinyl palmitate increased after the fortified meals were fed (P < .05), although the retinyl palmitate increase induced by the red palm oil treatment was greater than that induced by the biofortified treatment (P < .05). Vitamin A conversion was 2.4 +/- 0.3 and 4.2 +/- 1.5 mu g pro-vitamin A carotenoid/1 mu g retinol (means +/- SEM) for red palm oil and biofortified gari, respectively. These results show that both treatments increased beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, and retinyl palmitate in triacylglycerol-rich plasma concentrations in healthy well-nourished adult women, supporting our hypothesis that both interventions could support efforts to alleviate vitamin A deficiency. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zhu, Chenghao; Cai, Yimeng; Gertz, Erik R.; La Frano, Michael R.; Burnett, Dustin J.; Burri, Betty J.] ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, PWA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [La Frano, Michael R.; Burri, Betty J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Burri, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM chzhu@ucdavis.edu; ymcai@ucdavis.edu; erik.gertz@ars.usda.gov; mrlafrano@ucdavis.edu; dustin.burnett@ars.usda.gov; bjburri@ucdavis.edu OI La Frano, Michael/0000-0002-2269-1688 FU HarvestPlus Grant [8227]; National Center for Research Resources [2UL1RR024146]; National Institutes of Health; National Institutes of Health Roadmap for Medical Research; Western Human Nutrition Research Center in-house funds (CRIS Project) [5306-51530-018-23 T] FX We thank the Cassava Study team of the Western Human Nutrition Research Center, especially Ellen Bonnel, Leslie Woodhouse, Marta Van Loan, Evelyn Jenner, Debra Standridge, Joe Domek, Jerome Crawford, Sara Dowling, Julie Edwards, Beverly Miller, and Bill Horn, for their expert work on this project. We thank Moses Klevor of the University of California, Davis, for advice and assistance with the gari recipe, and Marjorie Haskell of the University of California for advice and for donating capsules to the project. We also thank Paul Ilona and his coworkers at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture for providing the gari preparations tested. This work was supported by HarvestPlus Grant 8227 and was made possible by Grant No. 2UL1RR024146 from the National Center for Research Resources, a component of the National Institutes of Health and National Institutes of Health Roadmap for Medical Research. Additional support was provided by Western Human Nutrition Research Center in-house funds (CRIS Project No. 5306-51530-018-23 T). NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 35 IS 11 BP 965 EP 974 DI 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.08.003 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CW7AN UT WOS:000365150400004 PM 26319612 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Verma, SK Dunams, D Calero-Bernal, R Rosenthal, BM AF Dubey, J. P. Verma, S. K. Dunams, D. Calero-Bernal, R. Rosenthal, B. M. TI Molecular characterization and development of Sarcocystis speeri sarcocysts in gamma interferon gene knockout mice SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sarcocystis speeri; Sarcocystis falcatula; Sarcocystis neurona; Opossum (Didelphis virginiana); Diagnosis ID SOUTH-AMERICAN OPOSSUM; EQUINE PROTOZOAL MYELOENCEPHALITIS; IN-VITRO CULTIVATION; N-SP PROTOZOA; DIDELPHIS-ALBIVENTRIS; EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION; IMMUNODEFICIENT MICE; FALCATULA; NEURONA; VIRGINIANA AB The North American opossum (Didelphis virginiana) is the definitive host for at least three named species of Sarcocystis: Sarcocystis falcatula, Sarcocystis neurona and Sarcocystis speeri. The South American opossums (Didelphis albiventris, Didelphis marsupialis and Didelphis aurita) are definitive hosts for S. falcatula and S. lindsayi. The sporocysts of these Sarcocystis species are similar morphologically. They are also not easily distinguished genetically because of the difficulties of DNA extraction from sporocysts and availability of distinguishing genetic markers. Some of these species can be distinguished by bioassay; S. neurona and S. speeri are infective to gamma interferon gene knockout (KO) mice, but not to budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus); whereas S. falcatula and S. lindsayi are infective to budgerigars but not to KO mice. The natural intermediate host of S. speeri is unknown. In the present study, development of sarcocysts of S. speeri in the KO mice is described. Sarcocysts were first seen at 12 days post-inoculation (p.i.), and they became macroscopic (up to 4 mm long) by 25 days p.i. The structure of the sarcocyst wall did not change from the time bradyzoites had formed at 50-220 days p.i. Sarcocysts contained unique villar protrusions, 'type 38'. The polymerase chain reaction amplifications and sequences analysis of three nuclear loci (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and ITS1) and two mitochondrial loci (cox1 and cytb) of S. speeri isolate from an Argentinean opossum (D. albiventris) confirmed its membership among species of Sarcocystis and indicated an especially close relationship to another parasite in this genus that employs opossums as its definitive host, S. neurona. These results should be useful in finding natural intermediate host of S. speeri. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Verma, S. K.; Dunams, D.; Calero-Bernal, R.; Rosenthal, B. M.] ARS, USDA, APDL, BARC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, APDL, BARC, East Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD NOV PY 2015 VL 142 IS 13 BP 1555 EP 1562 DI 10.1017/S0031182015001109 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA CW7CM UT WOS:000365155500001 PM 26303093 ER PT J AU Mehra, LK Cowger, C Weisz, R Ojiambo, PS AF Mehra, L. K. Cowger, C. Weisz, R. Ojiambo, P. S. TI Quantifying the Effects of Wheat Residue on Severity of Stagonospora nodorum Blotch and Yield in Winter Wheat SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAY LEAF-SPOT; SEPTORIA-NODORUM; PHAEOSPHAERIA-NODORUM; BORNE INOCULUM; NORTH-CAROLINA; SEED; DISEASES; CROP; TRITICI; DISPERSAL AB Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), caused by the fungus Parastagonospora nodorum, is a major disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Residue from a previously infected wheat crop can be an important source of initial inoculum, but the effects of infected residue on disease severity and yield have not previously been quantified. Experiments were conducted in Raleigh and Salisbury, North Carolina, in 2012, 2013, and 2014 using the moderately susceptible winter wheat cultivar DG Shirley. In 2014, the highly susceptible cultivar DG 9012 was added to the experiment and the study was conducted at an additional site in Tyner, North Carolina. Four (2012) or six (2013 and 2014) wheat residue treatments were applied in the field in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. Treatments in 2012 were 0, 30, 60, and 90% residue coverage of the soil surface, while 10 and 20% residue treatments were added in 2013 and 2014. Across site-years, disease severity ranged from 0 to 50% and increased nonlinearly (P < 0.05) as residue level increased, with a rapid rise to an upper limit and showing little change in severity above 20 to 30% soil surface coverage. Residue coverage had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on disease severity in all site-years. The effect of residue coverage on yield was only significant (P < 0.05) for DG Shirley at Raleigh and Salisbury in 2012 and for DG 9012 at Salisbury in 2014. Similarly, residue coverage significantly (P < 0.05) affected thousand-kernel weight only of DG 9012 in 2014 at Raleigh and Salisbury. Our results showed that when wheat residue was sparse, small additions to residue density produced greater increases in SNB than when residue was abundant. SNB only led to effects on yield and test weight in the most disease-conducive environments, suggesting that the economic threshold for the disease may be higher than previously assumed and warrants review. C1 [Mehra, L. K.; Ojiambo, P. S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Cowger, C.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Weisz, R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Cowger, C (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Christina.Cowger@ars.usda.gov OI Mehra, Lucky/0000-0002-3309-6593 FU North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station [NC02251]; USDA-ARS FX This study was supported by Hatch Funds from North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station for Project Number NC02251, and by the USDA-ARS. We thank staff at Piedmont Research Station at Salisbury and Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory at Raleigh, North Carolina, for managing the research plots; and R. Parks, B. Van Staalduinen, B. Clontz, I. Swaim, C. Glover, B. Stevens, J. Jeffreys, and J. Patton-Ozkurt for their assistance in planting and harvesting. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2015 VL 105 IS 11 BP 1417 EP 1426 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-03-15-0080-R PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CX0HW UT WOS:000365378500003 PM 26167761 ER PT J AU Sim, SC Robbins, MD Wijeratne, S Wang, H Yang, WC Francis, DM AF Sim, Sung-Chur Robbins, Matthew D. Wijeratne, Saranga Wang, Hui Yang, Wencai Francis, David M. TI Association Analysis for Bacterial Spot Resistance in a Directionally Selected Complex Breeding Population of Tomato SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE population structure; selective genotyping ID CAMPESTRIS PV VESICATORIA; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; BULKED SEGREGANT ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; MOLECULAR MARKERS; RACE T3; HYPERSENSITIVE RESISTANCE; XANTHOMONAS-PERFORANS; GENETIC-MARKERS AB Bacterial spot of tomato is caused by at least four species of Xanthomonas with multiple physiological races. We developed a complex breeding population for simultaneous discovery of marker-trait linkage, validation of existing quantitative trait loci (QTL), and pyramiding of resistance. Six advanced accessions with resistance from distinct sources were crossed in all combinations and their F-1 hybrids were intercrossed. Over 1,100 segregating progeny were evaluated in the field following inoculation with X. euvesicatoria race T1 strains. We selected 5% of the most resistant and 5% of the most susceptible progeny for evaluation as plots in two subsequent replicated field trials inoculated with T1 and T3 (X. perforans) strains. The estimated heritability of T1 resistance was 0.32. In order to detect previously reported resistance genes, as well as novel QTL, we explored methods to correct for population structure and analysis based on single markers or haplotypes. Both single-point and haplotype analyses identified strong associations in the genomic regions known to carry Rx-3 (chromosome 5) and Rx-4/Xv3 (chromosome 11). Accounting for kinship and structure generally improved the fit of statistical models. Detection of known loci was improved by adding kinship or a combination of kinship and structure using a Q matrix from model-based clustering. Additional QTL were detected on chromosomes 1, 4, 6, and 7 for T1 resistance and chromosomes 2, 4, and 6 for T3 resistance (P < 0.01). Haplotype analysis improved our ability to trace the origin of positive alleles. These results demonstrate that both known and novel associations can be identified using complex breeding populations that have experienced directional selection. C1 [Sim, Sung-Chur; Robbins, Matthew D.; Francis, David M.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Sim, Sung-Chur] Sejong Univ, Dept Bioresources Engn, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Robbins, Matthew D.] USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Wijeratne, Saranga] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Mol & Cellular Imaging Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Wang, Hui; Yang, Wencai] China Agr Univ, Dept Vegetable Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Wang, Hui] Dupont Pioneer, Woodstock, ON N4S 7V6, Canada. RP Francis, DM (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM francis.77@osu.edu RI Yang, Wencai/G-6517-2011; Wijeratne, Saranga/I-5341-2016 OI Wijeratne, Saranga/0000-0002-9782-4406 FU USDA/NRI Plant Genome grant [2004-35300-14651]; Ohio Plant Biotechnology Consortium [2007-025]; National Agricultural Genome Program, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ010438042015] FX We would like to thank Troy Aldrich for help with greenhouse and field plantings; Tea Meulia and Jody Whittier of the OARDC Molecular and Cellular Imaging Center for support of the Luminex genotyping. We also acknowledge support of the USDA/NRI Plant Genome grant 2004-35300-14651 and the Ohio Plant Biotechnology Consortium Competitive Grant 2007-025 to D. Francis, and the National Agricultural Genome Program (Project No. PJ010438042015), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea to S. Sim. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2015 VL 105 IS 11 BP 1437 EP 1445 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-02-15-0051-R PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CX0HW UT WOS:000365378500005 PM 26509802 ER PT J AU Liang, JM Lofgren, L Ma, ZH Ward, TJ Kistler, HC AF Liang, Junmin Lofgren, Lotus Ma, Zhanhong Ward, Todd J. Kistler, H. Corby TI Population Subdivision of Fusarium graminearum from Barley and Wheat in the Upper Midwestern United States at the Turn of the Century SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; SPRING WHEAT; TRICHOTHECENE MYCOTOXIN; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SPECIES COMPLEX; F-ASIATICUM; DEOXYNIVALENOL; AGGRESSIVENESS; CHEMOTYPES; CHINA AB Fusarium graminearum, the causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat and barley, is one of the most economically destructive pathogens of these grains worldwide. Recent population genetic studies of the pathogen obtained from wheat in North America supported population subdivision in part correlated with the spectrum of trichothecene mycotoxins (chemotype) produced by individuals within each population. In contrast, a recent study of F. graminearum obtained from diseased barley in the upper Midwestern United States concluded that only a single population was present, consisting of individuals with various chemotypes. To test whether strains derived from different hosts potentially have different population dynamics, we obtained the barley strains used in the previous study and compared them with wheat strains isolated at a similar time and geographic origin. A total of 247 F. graminearum isolates from barley were assigned firmly into two clusters using a Bayesian clustering method. Subdivision within the barley population corresponded to the previously described NA1 (correlated with the 15ADON chemotype) and NA2 (correlated with the 3ADON chemotype) populations from wheat. However, in both sampling periods the barley population exhibited a higher level of genetic differentiation between NA1 and NA2 populations, fewer admixed individuals and evidence of unidirectional gene introgression (15ADON strains with NA2 genetic backgrounds). These results suggest less recombination between NA1 and NA2 populations on barley compared with wheat. The frequency of 3ADON chemotype strains in the most recently surveyed barley population suggests a latitudinal cline from the northern (49%), central (40%) to the southern (29%) sampling area. The potential to produce a novel trichothecene, 3 alpha-acetoxy,7 alpha,15-dihydroxy-12,13-epoxytrichothe-9-ene (NX-2), was not detected in the barley population but occurred at a low rate (2.4%) in the wheat population. C1 [Liang, Junmin; Ma, Zhanhong] China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Liang, Junmin; Lofgren, Lotus; Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Ward, Todd J.] USDA ARS, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Kistler, HC (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM hckist@umn.edu FU United States Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative FX We thank S. M. Neate, P. Gross, and R. Burlakoti (North Dakota State University) for providing published strains of F. graminearum from barley, and K. Broz for technical assistance in laboratory work. This work was supported in part by the United States Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) over other firms or similar products not mentioned. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2015 VL 105 IS 11 BP 1466 EP 1474 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-01-15-0021-R PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CX0HW UT WOS:000365378500008 PM 26107972 ER PT J AU Tatineni, S McMechan, AJ Bartels, M Hein, GL Graybosch, RA AF Tatineni, Satyanarayana McMechan, Anthony J. Bartels, Melissa Hein, Gary L. Graybosch, Robert A. TI In Vitro Transcripts of Wild-Type and Fluorescent Protein-Tagged Triticum mosaic virus (Family Potyviridae) are Biologically Active in Wheat SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CITRUS-TRISTEZA-VIRUS; CELL-TO-CELL; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SYSTEMIC MOVEMENT; INFECTIOUS CDNA; CAPSID PROTEIN; FOREIGN GENES; GREAT-PLAINS; CURL MITE; PLANT AB Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) (genus Poacevirus, family Potyviridae) is a recently described eriophyid mite-transmitted wheat virus. In vitro RNA transcripts generated from full-length cDNA clones of TriMV proved infectious on wheat. Wheat seedlings inoculated with in vitro transcripts elicited mosaic and mottling symptoms similar to the wildtype virus, and the progeny virus was efficiently transmitted by wheat curl mites, indicating that the cloned virus retained pathogenicity, movement, and wheat curl mite transmission characteristics. A series of TriMV-based expression vectors was constructed by engineering a green fluorescent protein (GFP) or red fluorescent protein (RFP) open reading frame with homologous NIa-Pro cleavage peptides between the P1 and HC-Pro cistrons. We found that GFP-tagged TriMV with seven or nine amino acid cleavage peptides efficiently processed GFP from HC-Pro. TriMV-GFP vectors were stable in wheat for more than 120 days and for six serial passages at 14-day intervals by mechanical inoculation and were transmitted by wheat curl mites similarly to the wild-type virus. Fluorescent protein-tagged TriMV was observed in wheat leaves, stems, and crowns. The availability of fluorescent protein-tagged TriMV will facilitate the examination of virus movement and distribution in cereal hosts and the mechanisms of cross protection and synergistic interactions between TriMV and Wheat streak mosaic virus. C1 [Tatineni, Satyanarayana; Bartels, Melissa; Graybosch, Robert A.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tatineni, Satyanarayana] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [McMechan, Anthony J.; Hein, Gary L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Graybosch, Robert A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Tatineni, S (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Satyanarayana.tatineni@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, USDA-NIFA [2013-68004-20358] FX We thank C. Aldrich and J. Horrell for their technical assistance, C. Elowsky for his help with confocal microscopy, and R. French for stimulating discussions during the course of this investigation. This project was supported in part by funds provided through the United States Department of Agriculture, USDA-NIFA grant number 2013-68004-20358. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2015 VL 105 IS 11 BP 1496 EP 1505 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-06-15-0138-R PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CX0HW UT WOS:000365378500011 PM 26214124 ER PT J AU Cane, JH AF Cane, James H. TI Landscaping pebbles attract nesting by the native ground-nesting bee Halictus rubicundus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE pollinator; bees; mulch; garden design; landscape; urban; conservation ID ABUNDANCE; BEHAVIOR; ARCHITECTURE; POLLINATION AB Most species of bees nest underground. Recent interest in pollinator-friendly gardens and landscaping focuses on planting suitable flowering species for bees, but we know little about providing for the ground-nesting needs of bees other than leaving them bare dirt surfaces. In this study, a surface layer of decorative flat stream pebbles was experimentally deployed in 24 paired subplots amid a nesting aggregation of the bee Halictus rubicundus. Over 2 years, females consistently preferred to nest amid the pebbles rather than adjacent bare dirt. Species of Halictus and their relatives (Lasioglossum, Dialictus) are widespread native floral generalists found in many urban areas of the northern hemisphere. Discovery of this practical soil nesting enhancement for H. rubicundus offers an aesthetically acceptable landscaping technique to promote these bees' nesting, particularly where pollinator gardens and bee-friendly landscaping is already being provided. C1 [Cane, James H.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Cane, JH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Jim.Cane@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 23 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 EI 1297-9678 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD NOV PY 2015 VL 46 IS 6 BP 728 EP 734 DI 10.1007/s13592-015-0364-z PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CW3SK UT WOS:000364911900005 ER PT J AU Buawangpong, N de Guzman, LI Khongphinitbunjong, K Frake, AM Burgett, M Chantawannakul, P AF Buawangpong, Ninat de Guzman, Lilia I. Khongphinitbunjong, Kitiphong Frake, Amanda M. Burgett, Michael Chantawannakul, Panuwan TI Prevalence and reproduction of Tropilaelaps mercedesae and Varroa destructor in concurrently infested Apis mellifera colonies SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; Tropilaelapsmercedesae; Varroa destructor; concurrent infestation; seasonal abundance ID HONEY-BEES; MITES; CLAREAE; BROOD; ACARI; HOST; INFESTATION; LAELAPIDAE; THAILAND; PARASITE AB The prevalence of Tropilaelaps mercedesae and Varroa destructor in concurrently infested A. mellifera colonies in Thailand was monitored. We also assessed the fecundity of T. mercedesae and V. destructor in naturally infested brood and in brood cells deliberately infested with both mite genera. Results showed that the natural co-infestation of an individual brood cell by both mite genera was rare (< 0.1 %). Overall, T. mercedesae was the more dominant brood parasite of A. mellifera than V. destructor. In naturally infested brood, the proportion of nonreproductive Tropilaelaps (29.8 +/- 3.9 %) was lower than that of Varroa (49.6 +/- 5.9 %). Both mites produced similar numbers of progeny (T. mercedesae = 1.48 +/- 0.05; V. destructor = 1.69 +/- 0.14). The two mite genera also reproduced normally when they were deliberately introduced into the same brood cells. In two separate assessments, the average worker brood infestations of T. mercedesae (19.9 %) were significantly higher than that of V. destructor (0.7 %). Our results on the higher prevalence and reproductive ability of T. mercedesae in concurrently infested colonies reaffirm Tropilaelaps' competitive advantage over V. destructor and their reported negative impact to A. mellifera colonies. C1 [Buawangpong, Ninat; Khongphinitbunjong, Kitiphong; Chantawannakul, Panuwan] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [de Guzman, Lilia I.; Frake, Amanda M.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Burgett, Michael] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Chantawannakul, P (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. EM panuwan@gmail.com FU Thailand research fund [BRG 5580013]; Graduate School of Chiang Mai University FX We acknowledge the Thailand research fund (BRG 5580013), and the Graduate School of Chiang Mai University, Ph.D. Program, for financial support. We also thank the Agricultural Extension and Development Center, Chiang Mai, for providing honey bee colonies and apiary space. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 EI 1297-9678 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD NOV PY 2015 VL 46 IS 6 BP 779 EP 786 DI 10.1007/s13592-015-0368-8 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CW3SK UT WOS:000364911900010 ER PT J AU Manter, DK Bakker, MG AF Manter, Daniel K. Bakker, Matthew G. TI Estimating beta diversity for under-sampled communities using the variably weighted Odum dissimilarity index and OTUshuff SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID CURTIS SIMILARITY INDEX; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; SOIL AB Motivation: In profiling the composition and structure of complex microbial communities via high throughput amplicon sequencing, a very low proportion of community members are typically sampled. As a result of this incomplete sampling, estimates of dissimilarity between communities are often inflated, an issue we term pseudo beta-diversity. Results: We present a set of tools to identify and correct for the presence of pseudo beta-diversity in contrasts between microbial communities. The variably weighted Odum dissimilarity (D-wOdum) allows for down-weighting the influence of either abundant or rare taxa in calculating a measure of similarity between two communities. We show that down-weighting the influence of rare taxa can be used to minimize pseudo beta-diversity arising from incomplete sampling. Down-weighting the influence of abundant taxa can increase the sensitivity of hypothesis testing. OTUshuff is an associated test for identifying the presence of pseudo beta-diversity in pairwise community contrasts. C1 [Manter, Daniel K.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Bakker, Matthew G.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Manter, DK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM daniel.manter@ars.usda.gov FU USDA NIFA AFRI Postdoctoral Fellowship [2011-67012-30938]; Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station [09-JV-112261957-021]; Oregon State University [09-JV-112261957-021] FX A portion of this work was supported by a USDA NIFA AFRI Postdoctoral Fellowship (grant number 2011-67012-30938 to M.B.). Funding for supplies was provided in part from the Joint Venture Agreement between the Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station and Oregon State University (09-JV-112261957-021). NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 EI 1460-2059 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 31 IS 21 BP 3451 EP 3459 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv394 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA CW6UT UT WOS:000365134400008 PM 26130576 ER PT J AU Hobbs, NT Geremia, C Treanor, J Wallen, R White, PJ Hooten, MB Rhyan, JC AF Hobbs, N. Thompson Geremia, Chris Treanor, John Wallen, Rick White, P. J. Hooten, Mevin B. Rhyan, Jack C. TI State-space modeling to support management of brucellosis in the Yellowstone bison population SO ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; basic reproductive ratio; Bayesian state-space models; Bison bison; Brucella abortus; brucellosis; disease transmission; ecological forecasting; Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem; USA; host-parasite dynamics; serology; uncertainty ID FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION ASSAY; NATIONAL-PARK; BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS; PROTECTED AREAS; QUANTITATIVE SEROLOGY; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL; TRANSMISSION; CATTLE AB The bison (Bison bison) of the Yellowstone ecosystem, USA, exemplify the difficulty of conserving large mammals that migrate across the boundaries of conservation areas. Bison are infected with brucellosis (Brucella abortus) and their seasonal movements can expose livestock to infection. Yellowstone National Park has embarked on a program of adaptive management of bison, which requires a model that assimilates data to support management decisions. We constructed a Bayesian state-space model to reveal the influence of brucellosis on the Yellowstone bison population. A frequency-dependent model of brucellosis transmission was superior to a density-dependent model in predicting out-of-sample observations of horizontal transmission probability. A mixture model including both transmission mechanisms converged on frequency dependence. Conditional on the frequency-dependent model, brucellosis median transmission rate was 1.87 yr(-1). The median of the posterior distribution of the basic reproductive ratio (R-0) was 1.75. Seroprevalence of adult females varied around 60% over two decades, but only 9.6 of 100 adult females were infectious. Brucellosis depressed recruitment; estimated population growth rate averaged 1.07 for an infected population and 1.11 for a healthy population. We used five-year forecasting to evaluate the ability of different actions to meet management goals relative to no action. Annually removing 200 seropositive female bison increased by 30-fold the probability of reducing seroprevalence below 40% and increased by a factor of 120 the probability of achieving a 50% reduction in transmission probability relative to no action. Annually vaccinating 200 seronegative animals increased the likelihood of a 50% reduction in transmission probability by fivefold over no action. However, including uncertainty in the ability to implement management by representing stochastic variation in the number of accessible bison dramatically reduced the probability of achieving goals using interventions relative to no action. Because the width of the posterior predictive distributions of future population states expands rapidly with increases in the forecast horizon, managers must accept high levels of uncertainty. These findings emphasize the necessity of iterative, adaptive management with relatively short-term commitment to action and frequent reevaluation in response to new data and model forecasts. We believe our approach has broad applications. C1 [Hobbs, N. Thompson] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hobbs, N. Thompson] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Geremia, Chris; Treanor, John; Wallen, Rick; White, P. J.] Natl Pk Serv, Mammoth, WY 82190 USA. [Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Rhyan, Jack C.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Hobbs, NT (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Tom.Hobbs@colostate.edu RI Hobbs, Tom/C-5263-2016 FU National Park Service (Rocky Mountains Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit) [H120009004]; Yellowstone Park Foundation; National Science Foundation [EF 0914489, DBI-1052875]; National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC) FX N. T. Hobbs received support from the National Park Service (Rocky Mountains Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit H120009004), the Yellowstone Park Foundation, the National Science Foundation (Award EF 0914489), and the National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC), National Science Foundation award DBI-1052875). Paul Cross and Mandan Oli made helpful suggestions on the modeling. Comments by Aaron Ellison, Michael Lavine, Robin Russell, and two anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 98 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 15 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9615 EI 1557-7015 J9 ECOL MONOGR JI Ecol. Monogr. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 85 IS 4 BP 525 EP 556 DI 10.1890/14-1413.1 PG 32 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW4LF UT WOS:000364962200003 ER PT J AU Karl, JP Roberts, SB Schaefer, EJ Gleason, JA Fuss, P Rasmussen, H Saltzman, E Das, SK AF Karl, J. Philip Roberts, Susan B. Schaefer, Ernst J. Gleason, Joi A. Fuss, Paul Rasmussen, Helen Saltzman, Edward Das, Sai Krupa TI Effects of carbohydrate quantity and glycemic index on resting metabolic rate and body composition during weight loss SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ENERGY-RESTRICTED DIETS; LOW-FAT DIETS; ADAPTIVE THERMOGENESIS; RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; LOSS MAINTENANCE; HIGH-PROTEIN; OBESE WOMEN; EXPENDITURE AB ObjectiveTo examine the effects of diets varying in carbohydrate and glycemic index (GI) on changes in body composition, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and metabolic adaptation during and after weight loss. MethodsAdults with obesity (n=91) were randomized to one of four provided-food diets for 17weeks. Diets differed in percentage energy from carbohydrate (55% or 70%) and GI (low or high) but were matched for protein, fiber, and energy. Body weight, body composition, RMR, and metabolic adaptation (measured RMR-predicted RMR) were measured during weight loss and subsequent weight stability. ResultsNo effect of dietary carbohydrate content or GI on body weight loss or percentage of weight lost as fat mass (FM) was observed. Measured RMR was significantly lower (-226 kJ/day [95% CI: -314 to -138 kJ/day], P<0.001) than predicted RMR following weight loss, but this difference was attenuated after 5 weeks of weight stability. Metabolic adaptation did not differ by dietary carbohydrate content or GI and was not associated with weight regain 12 months later. ConclusionsModerate-carbohydrate and low-GI diets did not preferentially reduce FM, preserve lean mass, or attenuate metabolic adaptation during weight loss compared to high-carbohydrate and high-GI diets. C1 [Karl, J. Philip; Roberts, Susan B.; Fuss, Paul; Saltzman, Edward; Das, Sai Krupa] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Obes & Energet Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schaefer, Ernst J.; Gleason, Joi A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rasmussen, Helen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Metab Res Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Roberts, SB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Obes & Energet Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM susan.roberts@tufts.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01HL-057477]; United States Department of Agriculture [53-3K06-5-10, 8050-15000-097-01S]; Science, Mathematics, and Research Transformation Defense Education Program FX This work was supported by grant R01HL-057477 from the National Institutes of Health and contracts 53-3K06-5-10 and 8050-15000-097-01S from the United States Department of Agriculture. JPK was supported by the Science, Mathematics, and Research Transformation Defense Education Program. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD NOV PY 2015 VL 23 IS 11 BP 2190 EP 2198 DI 10.1002/oby.21268 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CV9SG UT WOS:000364626300008 PM 26530933 ER PT J AU O'Donnell, K Ward, TJ Robert, VARG Crous, PW Geiser, DM Kang, S AF O'Donnell, Kerry Ward, Todd J. Robert, Vincent A. R. G. Crous, Pedro W. Geiser, David M. Kang, Seogchan TI DNA sequence-based identification of Fusarium: Current status and future directions SO PHYTOPARASITICA LA English DT Editorial Material ID PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES RECOGNITION; FUNGUS FUSARIUM; DIVERSITY; PLANT; DATABASE; NUCLEAR; GENUS; SYSTEMATICS; EVOLUTION; COMPLEX C1 [O'Donnell, Kerry; Ward, Todd J.] USDA, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Robert, Vincent A. R. G.; Crous, Pedro W.] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Geiser, David M.; Kang, Seogchan] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Environm Microbiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP O'Donnell, K (reprint author), USDA, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kerry.odonnell@ars.usda.gov; todd.ward@ars.usda.gov; v.robert@cbs.knaw.nl; p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl; dmg17@psu.edu; sxk55@psu.edu NR 54 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0334-2123 EI 1876-7184 J9 PHYTOPARASITICA JI Phytoparasitica PD NOV PY 2015 VL 43 IS 5 BP 583 EP 595 DI 10.1007/s12600-015-0484-z PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CW5IU UT WOS:000365029800001 ER PT J AU Satpute, A Malik, NSA Perez, JL da Graca, JV Kunta, M AF Satpute, Aditi Malik, Nasir S. A. Perez, Jose L. da Graca, John V. Kunta, Madhurababu TI Changes in Polyphenols in 'Rio Red' Grapefruit Leaves in Response to ElsinoA << australis Infection SO PHYTOPARASITICA LA English DT Article DE Citrus; HPLC; grapefruit; sweet orange scab ID PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; DEFENSE-MECHANISM; CITRUS SCAB; ELSINOE; RESISTANCE; DIFFERENTIATION; AUSTRALIS AB Sweet orange scab (SOS) is a fungal disease of citrus which is caused by ElsinoA << australis. It affects the aesthetics of the fruit by forming wart-like protruded lesions on the fruit skin, and also affects the leaves which act as source of inoculum in the orchards. SOS is widespread in the different citrus species such as grapefruit (Citrus x paradisi Macfd.), sweet orange [C. sinensis (L.) Osb.], and mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco). In this study, we report the development of symptoms and changes in polyphenolic profile of 'Rio Red' grapefruit leaves in response to E. australis infection. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of polyphenols in 'Rio Red' grapefruit leaves inoculated with E. australis were conducted using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at two different time points post inoculation. Development of SOS symptoms under light was recorded and categorized into four different morphological stages. Caffeic acid, luteolin-7-O glycoside, naringin, naringenin, apigenin-7-O glycoside and eriodictoyl were identified in healthy grapefruit leaves. The quantitative changes in the identified polyphenols were measured 9 days post-inoculation by comparing levels on the 9-day control versus the 9-day post-inoculated leaves. Total polyphenol levels decreased substantially in E. australis-infected 'Rio Red' grapefruit leaves 9 days post-inoculation. Levels of naringin, naringenin, apigenin glucoside and eriodictoyl decreased with E. australis infections indicating the pathogen's ability to overcome some of plant's defenses. Compared to 9-day controls, 9-day inoculated leaves had much less caffeic acid. C1 [Satpute, Aditi; da Graca, John V.; Kunta, Madhurababu] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Citrus Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78599 USA. [Malik, Nasir S. A.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Kunta, M (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Citrus Ctr, 312 N Int Blvd, Weslaco, TX 78599 USA. EM madhura.kunta@tamuk.edu FU USDA-ARS under CRIS [6204-13210-007-00D] FX This research was supported by funds from USDA-ARS under CRIS project number 6204-13210-007-00D. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0334-2123 EI 1876-7184 J9 PHYTOPARASITICA JI Phytoparasitica PD NOV PY 2015 VL 43 IS 5 BP 629 EP 636 DI 10.1007/s12600-015-0483-0 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CW5IU UT WOS:000365029800006 ER PT J AU Elkasabi, Y Mullen, CA Boateng, AA AF Elkasabi, Yaseen Mullen, Charles A. Boateng, Akwasi A. TI Aqueous Extractive Upgrading of Bio-Oils Created by Tail-Gas Reactive Pyrolysis To Produce Pure Hydrocarbons and Phenols SO ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering LA English DT Article DE Fast pyrolysis; bio-oil; distillation; extraction; hydrogenation ID BIOMASS; SEPARATION; PHASE; FUEL; CONVERSION; LIQUIDS; SOLVENT; LIGNIN AB Tail-gas reactive pyrolysis (TGRP) of biomass produces bio-oil that is lower in oxygen (similar to 15 wt % total) and significantly more hydrocarbon-rich than traditional bio-oils or even catalytic fast pyrolysis bio-oils. TGRP bio-oils lend themselves toward mild and inexpensive upgrading procedures. We isolated oxygen-free hydrocarbons by extraction of TGRP bio-oil distillates. Extraction proceeded by adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to distillates, resulting in a hydrocarbon layer and a phenolic salts layer. The hydrocarbons consist primarily of mono- and bicyclic aromatics, are essentially free of oxygen (<1.0 wt %), and possess low moisture (<1.0 wt %) and low acidity (TAN < 5.0 mg KOH/g). The phenolic salts can be reacidified to produce phenols with low moisture (similar to 2.5 wt %) and with narrow product distribution. The aqueous phase byproduct contains organic acids and precipitated sodium chloride. The hydrocarbon layer can be upgraded via mild hydrogenation with a sponge nickel base metal catalyst in water, producing naphtha compounds appropriate for direct use as drop-in fuel and/or refinery blendstock. Furthermore, using only hydrogenation eliminates CO and CO2 production that normally accompanies hydrodeoxygenation. C1 [Elkasabi, Yaseen; Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Elkasabi, Y (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM yaseen.elkasabi@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA-BRDI grant [2012-10008-20271] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Christina Gallo (Drexel University co-op student, 2014) for assistance with the extraction experiments, as well as Craig Einfeldt for the fast pyrolysis bio-oil production. We also thank Dr. Gary Strahan for NMR experiments. USDA-NIFA-BRDI grant 2012-10008-20271 is hereby acknowledged. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 3 IS 11 BP 2809 EP 2816 DI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00730 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA CV6CO UT WOS:000364358500024 ER PT J AU Dashti, HS Scheer, FAJL Jacques, PF Lamon-Fava, S Ordovas, JM AF Dashti, Hassan S. Scheer, Frank A. J. L. Jacques, Paul F. Lamon-Fava, Stefania Ordovas, Jose M. TI Short Sleep Duration and Dietary Intake: Epidemiologic Evidence, Mechanisms, and Health Implications SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE short sleep duration; dietary intake; obesity; sleep; BMI; CLOCK; time ID BODY-MASS INDEX; NORMAL-WEIGHT INDIVIDUALS; INSUFFICIENT SLEEP; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; CALORIC-INTAKE; FOOD-INTAKE; MACRONUTRIENT INTAKE; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; GENETIC-VARIANTS AB Links between short sleep duration and obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease may be mediated through changes in dietary intake. This review provides an overview of recent epidemiologic studies on the relations between habitual short sleep duration and dietary intake in adults from 16 cross-sectional studies. The studies have observed consistent associations between short sleep duration and higher total energy intake and higher total fat intake, and limited evidence for lower fruit intake, and lower quality diets. Evidence also suggests that short sleepers may have irregular eating behavior deviating from the traditional 3 meals/d to fewer main meals and more frequent, smaller, energy-dense, and highly palatable snacks at night. Although the impact of short sleep duration on dietary intake tends to be small, if chronic, it may contribute to an increased risk of obesity and related chronic disease. Mechanisms mediating the associations between sleep duration and dietary intake are likely to be multifactorial and include differences in the appetite-related hormones leptin and ghrelin, hedonic pathways, extended hours for intake, and altered time of intake. Taking into account these epidemiologic relations and the evidence for causal relations between sleep loss and metabolism and cardiovascular function, health promotion strategies should emphasize improved sleep as an additional factor in health and weight management. Moreover, future sleep interventions in controlled studies and sleep extension trials in chronic short sleepers are imperative for establishing whether there is a causal relation between short sleep duration and changes in dietary intake. C1 [Dashti, Hassan S.; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Jacques, Paul F.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Epidemiol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lamon-Fava, Stefania] Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Scheer, Frank A. J. L.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Sleep & Circadian Disorders, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Scheer, Frank A. J. L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Sleep Med, Boston, MA USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Natl Ctr Cardiovasc Res, Dept Epidemiol, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Madrid Inst Adv Res, Madrid, Spain. RP Dashti, HS (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM hassan.dashti@tufts.edu OI Dashti, Hassan S/0000-0002-1650-679X FU USDA [58-1950-0-014]; NIH [R21 DK089378, R01 HL094806] FX Supported by the USDA under agreement no. 58-1950-0-014. Supported in part by NIH grants R21 DK089378 and R01 HL094806 (FAJLS). NR 102 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 9 U2 35 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 6 IS 6 BP 648 EP 659 DI 10.3945/an.115.008623 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CV8ZQ UT WOS:000364577400003 PM 26567190 ER PT J AU Fretts, AM Follis, JL Nettleton, JA Lemaitre, RN Ngwa, JS Wojczynski, MK Kalafati, IP Varga, TV Frazier-Wood, AC Houston, DK Lahti, J Ericson, U van den Hooven, EH Mikkila, V Kiefte-de Jong, JC Mozaffarian, D Rice, K Renstrom, F North, KE McKeown, NM Feitosa, MF Kanoni, S Smith, CE Garcia, ME Tiainen, AM Sonestedt, E Manichaikul, A Van Rooij, FJA Dimitriou, M Raitakari, O Pankow, JS Djousse, L Province, MA Hu, FB Lai, CQ Keller, MF Perala, MM Rotter, JI Hofman, A Graff, M Kahonen, M Mukamal, K Johansson, I Ordovas, JM Liu, YM Mannisto, S Uitterlinden, AG Deloukas, P Seppala, I Psaty, BM Cupples, LA Borecki, IB Franks, PW Arnett, DK Nalls, MA Eriksson, JG Orho-Melander, M Franco, OH Lehtimaki, T Dedoussis, GV Meigs, JB Siscovick, DS AF Fretts, Amanda M. Follis, Jack L. Nettleton, Jennifer A. Lemaitre, Rozenn N. Ngwa, Julius S. Wojczynski, Mary K. Kalafati, Ioanna Panagiota Varga, Tibor V. Frazier-Wood, Alexis C. Houston, Denise K. Lahti, Jari Ericson, Ulrika van den Hooven, Edith H. Mikkilae, Vera Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C. Mozaffarian, Dariush Rice, Kenneth Renstroem, Frida North, Kari E. McKeown, Nicola M. Feitosa, Mary F. Kanoni, Stavroula Smith, Caren E. Garcia, Melissa E. Tiainen, Anna-Maija Sonestedt, Emily Manichaikul, Ani van Rooij, Frank J. A. Dimitriou, Maria Raitakari, Olli Pankow, James S. Djousse, Luc Province, Michael A. Hu, Frank B. Lai, Chao-Qiang Keller, Margaux F. Peraelae, Mia-Maria Rotter, Jerome I. Hofman, Albert Graff, Misa Kaehoenen, Mika Mukamal, Kenneth Johansson, Ingegerd Ordovas, Jose M. Liu, Yongmei Maennistoe, Satu Uitterlinden, Andre G. Deloukas, Panos Seppaelae, Ilkka Psaty, Bruce M. Cupples, L. Adrienne Borecki, Ingrid B. Franks, Paul W. Arnett, Donna K. Nalls, Mike A. Eriksson, Johan G. Orho-Melander, Marju Franco, Oscar H. Lehtimaeki, Terho Dedoussis, George V. Meigs, James B. Siscovick, David S. TI Consumption of meat is associated with higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations regardless of glucose and insulin genetic risk scores: a meta-analysis of 50,345 Caucasians SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE gene-diet interaction; glucose; insulin; meat intake; diet; meta-analysis ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; DIABETES-MELLITUS; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; CHARGE CONSORTIUM; UNPROCESSED RED; OLDER-ADULTS; TYPE-2; WOMEN AB Background: Recent studies suggest that meat intake is associated with diabetes-related phenotypes. However, whether the associations of meat intake and glucose and insulin homeostasis are modified by genes related to glucose and insulin is unknown. Objective: We investigated the associations of meat intake and the interaction of meat with genotype on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in Caucasians free of diabetes mellitus. Design: Fourteen studies that are part of the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium participated in the analysis. Data were provided for up to 50,345 participants. Using linear regression within studies and a fixed-effects meta-analysis across studies, we examined l) the associations of processed meat and unprocessed red meat intake with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations; and 2) the interactions of processed meat and unprocessed red meat with genetic risk score related to fasting glucose or insulin resistance on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. Results: Processed meat was associated with higher fasting glucose, and unprocessed red meat was associated with both higher fasting glucose and fasting insulin concentrations after adjustment for potential confounders [not including body mass index (BMI)]. For every additional 50-g serving of processed meat per day, fasting glucose was 0.021 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.011, 0.030 mmol/L) higher. Every additional 100-g serving of unprocessed red meat per day was associated with a 0.037-mmol/L (95% CI: 0.023, 0.051-mmol/L) higher fasting glucose concentration and a 0.049-1n-pmon (95% CI: 0.035, 0.063-1n-pmol/L) higher fasting insulin concentration. After additional adjustment for BMI, observed associations were attenuated and no longer statistically significant. The association of processed meat and fasting insulin did not reach statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons. Observed associations were not modified by genetic loci known to influence fasting glucose or insulin resistance. Conclusion: The association of higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations with meat consumption was not modified by an index of glucose- and insulin-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms. C1 [Fretts, Amanda M.; Psaty, Bruce M.; Siscovick, David S.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lemaitre, Rozenn N.; Psaty, Bruce M.; Siscovick, David S.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Rice, Kenneth] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Psaty, Bruce M.] Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Fretts, Amanda M.; Lemaitre, Rozenn N.; Siscovick, David S.] Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Nettleton, Jennifer A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Follis, Jack L.] Univ St Thomas, Dept Math Comp Sci & Cooperat Engn, Houston, TX 77006 USA. [Ngwa, Julius S.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Wojczynski, Mary K.; Feitosa, Mary F.; Province, Michael A.; Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Stat Gen, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO USA. [Kalafati, Ioanna Panagiota; Dimitriou, Maria; Dedoussis, George V.] Harokopio Univ Athens, Dept Nutr & Dietet, Athens, Greece. [Varga, Tibor V.; Renstroem, Frida; Franks, Paul W.] Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Malmo, Sweden. [Ericson, Ulrika; Sonestedt, Emily; Orho-Melander, Marju] Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Malmo, Sweden. [Renstroem, Frida] Umea Univ, Dept Biobank Res, Umea, Sweden. [Johansson, Ingegerd] Umea Univ, Dept Odontol, Umea, Sweden. [Franks, Paul W.] Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Umea, Sweden. [Houston, Denise K.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. [Liu, Yongmei] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. [Lahti, Jari] Univ Helsinki, Inst Behav Sci, Helsinki, Finland. [Mikkilae, Vera] Univ Helsinki, Dept Food & Environm Sci, Helsinki, Finland. [Eriksson, Johan G.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Gen Practice & Primary Hlth Care, Helsinki, Finland. [van den Hooven, Edith H.; Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C.; van Rooij, Frank J. A.; Hofman, Albert; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Franco, Oscar H.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Uitterlinden, Andre G.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Mikkilae, Vera; Raitakari, Olli] Univ Turku, Res Ctr Appl & Prevent Cardiovasc Med, Turku, Finland. [Hu, Frank B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hu, Frank B.; Franks, Paul W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Djousse, Luc] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mozaffarian, Dariush] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [North, Kari E.; Graff, Misa] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [North, Kari E.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Ctr Genome Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [McKeown, Nicola M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Epidemiol Program, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [McKeown, Nicola M.; Lai, Chao-Qiang; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Smith, Caren E.; Lai, Chao-Qiang; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kanoni, Stavroula; Deloukas, Panos] Barts, William Harvey Res Inst, London, England. [Kanoni, Stavroula] Queen Mary Univ London, London Sch Med & Dent, London, England. [Garcia, Melissa E.] NIA, Lab Epidemiol & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Keller, Margaux F.] NIA, Neurogenet Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Tiainen, Anna-Maija; Peraelae, Mia-Maria; Maennistoe, Satu] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Dept Chron Dis Prevent, Helsinki, Finland. [Manichaikul, Ani] Univ Virginia, Ctr Publ Hlth Genom, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Charlottesville, VA USA. [van Rooij, Frank J. A.] Netherlands Genom Initiat, Leiden, Netherlands. [Raitakari, Olli] Turku Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Physiol & Nucl Med, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland. [Pankow, James S.] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Rotter, Jerome I.] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Inst Translat Genom & Populat Sci, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. [Keller, Margaux F.] Univ Tampere, Dept Clin Physiol, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Seppaelae, Ilkka; Lehtimaeki, Terho] Univ Tampere, Dept Clin Chem, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Seppaelae, Ilkka; Lehtimaeki, Terho] Univ Tampere, Fimlab Labs, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Kaehoenen, Mika; Seppaelae, Ilkka; Lehtimaeki, Terho] Univ Tampere, Sch Med, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Kaehoenen, Mika] Univ Tampere, Tampere Univ Hosp, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Mukamal, Kenneth] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Gen Med & Primary Care, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] IMDEA Food Inst, Madrid, Spain. [Deloukas, Panos] King Abdulaziz Univ, Princess Al Jawhara Al Brahim Ctr Excellence Res, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia. [Cupples, L. Adrienne] Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, Framingham, MA USA. [Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Eriksson, Johan G.] Univ Helsinki, Cent Hosp, Gen Practice Unit, Helsinki, Finland. [Eriksson, Johan G.] Folkhalsan Res Ctr, Helsinki, Finland. [Meigs, James B.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Gen Med, Clin Epidemiol Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Meigs, James B.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Gen Med, Diabet Res Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Psaty, Bruce M.] Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Siscovick, David S.] New York Acad Med, New York, NY USA. RP Fretts, AM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM amfretts@uw.edu RI Sonestedt, Emily/I-3814-2016; Deloukas, Panos/B-2922-2013; Feitosa, Mary/K-8044-2012; OI Sonestedt, Emily/0000-0002-0747-4562; Deloukas, Panos/0000-0001-9251-070X; Feitosa, Mary/0000-0002-0933-2410; Mannisto, Satu/0000-0002-8668-3046; Lahti, Jari/0000-0002-4310-5297; Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica/0000-0002-8136-0918 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [R01HL105756]; Institute of Translational Health Sciences [5KL2TR000421-08]; NHLBI [T32HL007902] FX Infrastructure for the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium is supported in part by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) grant R01HL105756. This meta-analysis was supported by the Institute of Translational Health Sciences (5KL2TR000421-08) and NHLBI (T32HL007902). Sources of support for the participating cohorts are provided in Supplemental Table 12. Funders had no role in the design, implementation, analysis, and interpretation of the data for the studies. NR 65 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 22 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 102 IS 5 BP 1266 EP 1278 DI 10.3945/ajcn.114.101238 PG 13 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CV4YV UT WOS:000364273300036 PM 26354543 ER PT J AU Philip, D Buch, A Moorthy, D Scott, TM Parnell, LD Lai, CQ Ordovas, JM Selhub, J Rosenberg, IH Tucker, KL Troen, AM AF Philip, Dana Buch, Assaf Moorthy, Denish Scott, Tammy M. Parnell, Laurence D. Lai, Chao-Qiang Ordovas, Jose M. Selhub, Jacob Rosenberg, Irwin H. Tucker, Katherine L. Troen, Aron M. TI Dihydrofolate reductase 19-bp deletion polymorphism modifies the association of folate status with memory in a cross-sectional multiethnic study of adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE cognition; dihydrofolate reductase; folate; gene-nutrient interaction; memory ID FOLIC-ACID SUPPLEMENTATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; SACRAMENTO AREA LATINO; BLOOD-CELL FOLATE; B-VITAMINS; INSERTION/DELETION POLYMORPHISM; FOOD FORTIFICATION; TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE; COLORECTAL-CANCER AB Background: Folate status has been positively associated with cognitive function in many studies; however, some studies have observed associations of poor cognitive outcomes with high folate. In search of an explanation, we hypothesized that the association of folate with cognition would be modified by the interaction of high-folate status with a common 19-bp deletion polymorphism in the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene. To our knowledge, the cognitive effects of this gene have not been studied previously. Objective: We examined the association between cognitive outcomes with the 19-bp deletion DHFR polymorphism, folate status, and their interaction with high or normal plasma folate. Design: This was a pooled cross-sectional study of the following 2 Boston-based cohorts of community living adults: the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study and the Nutrition, Aging, and Memory in Elders study. Individuals were genotyped for the DHFR 19-bp deletion genotype, and plasma folate status was determined. Cognitive outcomes included the Mini-Mental State Examination, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and factor scores for the domains of memory, executive function, and attention from a set of cognitive tests. Results: The prevalence of the homozygous deletion (del/del) genotype was 23%. In a multivariable analysis, high folate status (>17.8 ng/mL) was associated with better memory scores than was normal-folate status (fourth fifth quintiles compared with first third quintiles: beta +/- SE = -0.22 +/- 0.06, P < 0.01). Carriers of the DHFR del/del genotype had worse memory scores (beta +/- SE = -0.24 +/- 0.10, P < 0.05) and worse executive scores (beta = -0.19, P < 0.05) than did those with the del/ins and ins/ins genotypes. Finally, we observed an interaction such that carriers of the del/del genotype with high folate had significantly worse memory scores than those of both noncarriers with high-folate and del/del carriers with normal-folate (beta-interaction = 0.26 +/- 0.13, P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study identifies a putative gene-nutrient interaction that, if confirmed, would predict that a sizable minority carrying the del/del genotype might not benefit from high-folate status and could see a worsening of memory. An understanding of how genetic variation affects responses to high-folate exposure will help weigh risks and benefits of folate supplementation for individuals and public health. C1 [Philip, Dana; Buch, Assaf; Troen, Aron M.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, Inst Biochem Food Sci & Nutr, Nutr & Brain Hlth Lab, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Moorthy, Denish; Scott, Tammy M.; Rosenberg, Irwin H.; Troen, Aron M.] Tufts Univ, Neurosci & Aging Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Parnell, Laurence D.; Lai, Chao-Qiang; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Vitamin Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Clin Lab & Nutr Sci, Lowell, MA USA. RP Troen, AM (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, Inst Biochem Food Sci & Nutr, Nutr & Brain Hlth Lab, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM aron.troen@mail.huji.ac.il FU Ross Institute of Aging pilot grant; Israel Science Foundation [1353/11]; Marie Curie FP7-PEOPLE-RG grant; NIH [R21 HL114238-02, PO1 AG023394, P50 HL105185, RO1 AG21790]; NIH NCRR grant [MO1-RR00054]; USDA cooperative agreement [58-1950-9-001, 58-1950-0-014] FX Supported in part by a Ross Institute of Aging pilot grant, an Israel Science Foundation grant 1353/11, and a Marie Curie FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG grant (to AMT); by NIH grants R21 HL114238-02 ( to LDP), PO1 AG023394 and P50 HL105185 (to KLT), and RO1 AG21790 [to Marshall Folstein (retired), IHR]; and by NIH NCRR grant MO1-RR00054 and USDA cooperative agreements 58-1950-9-001 and 58-1950-0-014. NR 72 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 102 IS 5 BP 1279 EP 1288 DI 10.3945/ajcn.115.111054 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CV4YV UT WOS:000364273300037 PM 26354538 ER PT J AU Seibold, S Bassler, C Brandl, R Gossner, MM Thorn, S Ulyshen, MD Muller, J AF Seibold, Sebastian Baessler, Claus Brandl, Roland Gossner, Martin M. Thorn, Simon Ulyshen, Michael D. Mueller, Joerg TI Experimental studies of dead-wood biodiversity - A review identifying global gaps in knowledge SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Review DE Conservation; Dead-wood addition; Manipulation; Meta-analysis; Saproxylic taxa; Woody debris ID SAPROXYLIC BEETLE ASSEMBLAGES; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; BOREAL FORESTS; MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS; LANDSCAPE COMPOSITION; DEBRIS DEPOSITION; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; DECAYING WOOD; BEECH FORESTS AB The importance of dead wood for biodiversity is widely recognized but strategies for conservation exist only in some regions worldwide. Most strategies combine knowledge from observational and experimental studies but remain preliminary as many facets of the complex relationships are unstudied. In this first global review of 79 experimental studies addressing biodiversity patterns in dead wood, we identify major knowledge gaps and aim to foster collaboration among researchers by providing a map of previous and ongoing experiments. We show that research has focused primarily on temperate and boreal forests, where results have helped in developing evidence-based conservation strategies, whereas comparatively few such efforts have been made in subtropical or tropical zones. Most studies have been limited to early stages of wood decomposition and many diverse and functionally important saproxylic taxa, e.g., fungi, flies and termites, remain under-represented. Our meta-analysis confirms the benefits of dead-wood addition for biodiversity, particularly for saproxylic taxa, but shows that responses of non-saproxylic taxa are heterogeneous. Our analysis indicates that global conservation of organisms associated with dead wood would benefit most by prioritizing research in the tropics and other neglected regions, focusing on advanced stages of wood decomposition and assessing a wider range of taxa. By using existing experimental set-ups to study advanced decay stages and additional taxa, results could be obtained more quickly and with less effort compared to initiating new experiments. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Seibold, Sebastian; Thorn, Simon; Mueller, Joerg] Tech Univ Munich, Ctr Food & Life Sci Weihenstephan, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, Terr Ecol Res Grp, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Brandl, Roland] Univ Marburg, Fac Biol, Dept Ecol, Anim Ecol, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Gossner, Martin M.; Ulyshen, Michael D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Seibold, S (reprint author), Bavarian Forest Natl Pk,Freyunger Str 2, D-94481 Grafenau, Germany. EM sebastian-seibold@gmx.de RI Gossner, Martin M./J-2730-2015 OI Gossner, Martin M./0000-0003-1516-6364 FU German Federal Environmental Foundation FX We thank W. W. Weisser, S. T. Meyer and J. C. Habel for critical discussions on the manuscript, A. Jarzabek-Muller for the artwork and L. Cizek, R. Didham, S. Grove and J. Schmidl for completing our list of experimental studies. We are especially grateful to P. Barton, N. Brazee, S. Cantrell, S. Castleberry, S. Fritts, A.-M. Hekkala, M. Jonsson, M. Koivula, T. D. Schowalter and L. Shoo for providing raw data for the meta-analyses and to J. Kouki, T. Schowalter and S. Horn for permission to use their photographs of experimental studies of dead wood. S. S. and S. T. were supported by the Scholarship Program of the German Federal Environmental Foundation. NR 113 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 22 U2 85 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 191 BP 139 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.06.006 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4SP UT WOS:000364257100016 ER PT J AU Kelly, TR Rideout, BA Grantham, J Brandt, J Burnett, LJ Sorenson, KJ George, D Welch, A Moen, D Rasico, J Johnson, M Battistone, C Johnson, CK AF Kelly, Terra R. Rideout, Bruce A. Grantham, Jesse Brandt, Joseph Burnett, L. Joseph Sorenson, Kelly J. George, Daniel Welch, Alacia Moen, David Rasico, James Johnson, Matthew Battistone, Cane Johnson, Christine K. TI Two decades of cumulative impacts to survivorship of endangered California condors in California SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Lead poisoning; California condor; Survival; Population decline; Forest fire; Endangered species ID KESTRELS FALCO-SPARVERIUS; LEAD-EXPOSURE; GYMNOGYPS-CALIFORNIANUS; BLOOD-LEAD; AMMUNITION SOURCES; RISK-FACTORS; SURVIVAL; POPULATION; MORTALITY; INGESTION AB We investigated threats to the California condor (Gymnogyps californians), a flagship endangered species, using individual data on survival during a 20 year period of intensive recovery efforts. Over the two decades of reintroductions, condors in California had an estimated median survival time of 7.8 years suggesting that 50% of condors are expected to survive in the wild long enough to contribute to recruitment In general, annual mortality rates exceeded levels necessary for a stable population; however, mortality declined, reaching levels needed for population stability, during the second decade of re-establishment. Intensive management practices, including utility pole aversion training and clinical interventions to prevent lead-related deaths likely contributed to the decrease in mortality rates. Utility line collision and/or electrocution was an important factor causing mortality over the two decades; though, this threat has largely been mitigated through management and targeted efforts in high-risk areas. In the past, wildfires were not considered a major threat to survival of free-flying condors. However, our analyses suggest that forest fires are significantly linked to the hazard of death, and increased wildfire activity in California highlights this population's vulnerability to catastrophic losses from forest fire. Lead poisoning, which was a major driver in the population's decline, was a leading cause of death accounting for the greatest adult mortality, and lead exposure remains the most significant threat. Recent lead ammunition reduction efforts in the condor range in California hold promise for improving the recovery potential for this population. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kelly, Terra R.; Rasico, James; Johnson, Christine K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rideout, Bruce A.] San Diego Zoo Global, Wildlife Dis Labs, Inst Conservat Res, San Diego, CA 92112 USA. [Grantham, Jesse; Brandt, Joseph] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hopper Mt Natl Wildlife Refuge, Ventura, CA 93003 USA. [Burnett, L. Joseph; Sorenson, Kelly J.; Moen, David] Ventana Wildlife Soc, Salinas, CA 93908 USA. [George, Daniel; Welch, Alacia] Natl Pk Serv, Paicines, CA 95043 USA. [Johnson, Matthew] US Forest Serv, Plumas Natl Forest, Quincy, CA 95971 USA. [Battistone, Cane] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Sacramento, CA 95811 USA. RP Kelly, TR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 1089 Vet Med Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM trkelly@ucdavis.edu; ckjohnson@ucdavis.edu FU USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center; USFWS Endangered Species Cooperative Conservation Fund Grant; Morris Animal Foundation FX We thank Michael Mace, Mike Tyner, Scott Scherbinski, Nick Todd, Jennie Jones, Ivett Plascencia, Kate Thomas, Dale Steele, Ryen Morley and the UC Davis Stat Lab for their contributions to this study, and USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center for support of Matthew Johnson. We also thank the field crews from the condor program, the staff at San Diego Zoo Global and Los Angeles Zoo, and the many staff and volunteers that have worked with the condor program for their invaluable role. This research was supported by a USFWS Endangered Species Cooperative Conservation Fund Grant and Morris Animal Foundation Grant. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the USFWS. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 32 U2 74 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 191 BP 391 EP 399 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.07.012 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4SP UT WOS:000364257100045 ER PT J AU Dormontt, EE Boner, M Braun, B Breulmann, G Degen, B Espinoza, E Gardner, S Guillery, P Hermanson, JC Koch, G Lee, SL Kanashiro, M Rimbawanto, A Thomas, D Wiedenhoeft, AC Yin, YF Zahnen, J Lowe, AJ AF Dormontt, Eleanor E. Boner, Markus Braun, Birgit Breulmann, Gerhard Degen, Bernd Espinoza, Edgard Gardner, Shelley Guillery, Phil Hermanson, John C. Koch, Gerald Lee, Soon Leong Kanashiro, Milton Rimbawanto, Anto Thomas, Darren Wiedenhoeft, Alex C. Yin, Yafang Zahnen, Johannes Lowe, Andrew. J. TI Forensic timber identification: It's time to integrate disciplines to combat illegal logging SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE Wood anatomy; Mass spectrometry; Near infrared spectroscopy; Stable isotopes; Radiocarbon; DNA ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; REAL-TIME; SOFTWOOD IDENTIFICATION; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; TAXONOMIC IMPEDIMENT; WOOD IDENTIFICATION; GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN; CITES ENFORCEMENT; DNA-FINGERPRINTS AB The prosecution of illegal logging crimes is hampered by a lack of available forensic timber identification tools, both for screening of suspect material and definitive identification of illegally sourced wood. Reputable timber traders are also struggling to police their own supply chains and comply with the growing requirement for due diligence with respect to timber origins and legality. A range of scientific methods have been developed independently with the potential to provide the required identification information, but little attention has been given to how these tools can be applied synergistically to support the legal timber trade. Here we review the use of visual identification methods (wood anatomy, dendrochronology), chemical methods (mass spectrometry, near infrared spectroscopy, stable isotopes, radio-carbon), and genetic methods (DNA barcoding, population genetics/phylogeography, DNA fingerprinting) each with potential application to forensic timber identification. We further highlight where future research and development are required to identify illegal logging crimes using these methods and suggest ways in which multiple methods can be used together to answer specific identification questions. We argue that a new integrated field of forensic timber identification should be a global investment priority, for which the ongoing collection, curation and taxonomic study of appropriate reference material is a critical part. Consideration of the specific legal requirements for method development and the application of identification methodologies to criminal evidence are also imperative to achieve robust scientific support for illegal logging crime prosecutions and prevention. Crown Copyright (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dormontt, Eleanor E.; Lowe, Andrew. J.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Conservat Sci & Technol, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Boner, Markus] Agroisolab GmbH, D-52428 Julich, Germany. [Breulmann, Gerhard] Int Trop Timber Org ITTO, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Degen, Bernd] Thunen Inst Forest Genet, D-22927 Grosshansdorf, Germany. [Espinoza, Edgard] Natl Fish & Wildlife Forens Lab, Ashland, OR USA. [Gardner, Shelley] US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Programs, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Guillery, Phil] Forest Stewardship Council FSC Int, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. [Hermanson, John C.; Wiedenhoeft, Alex C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Koch, Gerald] Thunen Inst Wood Sci, D-21031 Hamburg, Germany. [Lee, Soon Leong] Forest Res Inst Malaysia, Kepong 52019, Selangor, Malaysia. [Kanashiro, Milton] Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, BR-095903 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Rimbawanto, Anto] FORDA Ctr Forest Biotechnol & Tree Improvement, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. [Thomas, Darren] Double Helix Tracking Technol Pte Ltd, Singapore 118223, Singapore. [Yin, Yafang] Chinese Acad Forestry, Wood Anat & Utilizat Dept, Res Inst Wood Ind, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Zahnen, Johannes] WWF Germany Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. RP Lowe, AJ (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Conservat Sci & Technol, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. EM eleanor.dormontt@adelaide.edu.au; m.boner@agroisolab.de; bbraun@arcor.de; breulmann@itto.int; bemd.degen@ti.bund.de; Ed_Espinoza@fws.gov; shelleygardner@fs.fed.us; p.guillery@fsc.org; jhermanson@fs.fed.us; gerald.koch@ti.bund.de; leesl@frim.gov.my; milton.kanashiro@embrapa.br; rimba@indo.net.id; darren@doublehelixtraking.com; awiedenhoeft@fs.fed.us; yafang@caf.ac.cn; johannes.zahnen@wwf.de; andrew.lowe@adelaide.edu.au RI Degen, Bernd/S-1730-2016; Yin, Yafang/C-1568-2017; Hermanson, John C./K-8106-2015 OI Hermanson, John C./0000-0002-3325-6665 NR 99 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 14 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 191 BP 790 EP 798 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.06.038 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4SP UT WOS:000364257100088 ER PT J AU Shewmake, S Okrent, A Thabrew, L Vandenbergh, M AF Shewmake, Sharon Okrent, Abigail Thabrew, Lanka Vandenbergh, Michael TI Predicting consumer demand responses to carbon labels SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Carbon emissions; Food labeling; Consumer behavior; Food demand systems; Eco-labels; Carbon footprint; Life cycle analysis ID WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; US HOUSEHOLDS; CO2 EMISSIONS; FOOD; MARKET; CONSUMPTION; FOOTPRINT AB Providing carbon footprint labels for all food products is a daunting and potentially infeasible project.. Knowing how consumers substitute away from high carbon goods and what they choose as substitutes is essential for understanding which goods are likely to result in meaningful reductions in carbon emissions. This paper proposes a model to systematically estimate how consumers will respond to information from a carbon footprint label. Our model uses consumers' value of their individual carbon footprint with own- and cross-price elasticities of demand data on carbon emissions from life cycle analysis to simulate shifts in consumer demand for 42 food products and a non-food composite, and subsequent changes in carbon emissions from different labeling schemes. Our simulation results have several findings, including: (1) carbon labels can reduce emissions, but labeling only some items could lead to perverse impacts where consumers substitute away from labeled goods to unlabeled goods with a higher carbon footprint; (2) carbon labels can inform consumers such that their previous beliefs about carbon footprints matter; and (3) carbon labels on alcohol and meat would achieve the largest decreases in carbon emissions among the 42 food products studied. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shewmake, Sharon] Western Washington Univ, Dept Econ, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Shewmake, Sharon] Western Washington Univ, Inst Energy Studies, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Okrent, Abigail] ERS, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Thabrew, Lanka] Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Inst Energy & Environm, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Vandenbergh, Michael] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Law, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Shewmake, S (reprint author), Western Washington Univ, Dept Econ MS 9074, 516 High St, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. EM sharon.shewmake@wwu.edu OI Vandenbergh, Michael/0000-0002-1629-7086 NR 102 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 EI 1873-6106 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 119 BP 168 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.08.007 PG 13 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA CV9KF UT WOS:000364605400016 ER PT J AU Vojvodic, S Johnson, BR Harpur, BA Kent, CF Zayed, A Anderson, KE Linksvayer, TA AF Vojvodic, Svjetlana Johnson, Brian R. Harpur, Brock A. Kent, Clement F. Zayed, Amro Anderson, Kirk E. Linksvayer, Timothy A. TI The transcriptomic and evolutionary signature of social interactions regulating honey bee caste development SO Ecology and Evolution LA English DT Article DE Extended phenotype; indirect genetic effects; interacting phenotypes; social evolution ID GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; RNA-SEQ EXPERIMENTS; APIS-MELLIFERA; HYPOPHARYNGEAL GLAND; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; DIFFERENTIAL GENE; DNA METHYLATION; PHENOTYPES; BEHAVIOR; LARVAL AB The caste fate of developing female honey bee larvae is strictly socially regulated by adult nurse workers. As a result of this social regulation, nurse-expressed genes as well as larval-expressed genes may affect caste expression and evolution. We used a novel transcriptomic approach to identify genes with putative direct and indirect effects on honey bee caste development, and we subsequently studied the relative rates of molecular evolution at these caste-associated genes. We experimentally induced the production of new queens by removing the current colony queen, and we used RNA sequencing to study the gene expression profiles of both developing larvae and their caregiving nurses before and after queen removal. By comparing the gene expression profiles of queen-destined versus worker-destined larvae as well as nurses observed feeding these two types of larvae, we identified larval and nurse genes associated with caste development. Of 950 differentially expressed genes associated with caste, 82% were expressed in larvae with putative direct effects on larval caste, and 18% were expressed in nurses with putative indirect effects on caste. Estimated selection coefficients suggest that both nurse and larval genes putatively associated with caste are rapidly evolving, especially those genes associated with worker development. Altogether, our results suggest that indirect effect genes play important roles in both the expression and evolution of socially influenced traits such as caste. C1 [Vojvodic, Svjetlana] Univ Arizona, Ctr Insect Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Vojvodic, Svjetlana] Rowan Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Glassboro, NJ USA. [Johnson, Brian R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Harpur, Brock A.; Kent, Clement F.; Zayed, Amro] York Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Anderson, Kirk E.] USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Anderson, Kirk E.] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Linksvayer, Timothy A.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Linksvayer, TA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM tlinks@sas.upenn.edu RI Kent, Clement/B-9982-2008; OI Kent, Clement/0000-0003-4994-0098; Vojvodic, Svjetlana/0000-0003-0660-6540; Harpur, Brock/0000-0001-8722-272X FU University of Pennsylvania University Research Foundation grant; NIH-PERT fellowship [K12GM000708]; NSERC FX This research was funded in part by a University of Pennsylvania University Research Foundation grant to TAL. SV was supported by a NIH-PERT fellowship K12GM000708. AZ was funded by a NSERC Discovery grant. NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 5 IS 21 BP 4795 EP 4807 DI 10.1002/ece3.1720 PG 13 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CV5WF UT WOS:000364341400006 PM 26640660 ER PT J AU Prasad, AM AF Prasad, Anantha M. TI Macroscale intraspecific variation and environmental heterogeneity: analysis of cold and warm zone abundance, mortality, and regeneration distributions of four eastern US tree species SO Ecology and Evolution LA English DT Article DE Climate change; climatic zones; decision-tree-based ensemble methods; eco-evolutionary processes; Forest Inventory Analysis; intraspecific variation; local adaptation; plant hardiness zones ID PLANT PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; UNITED-STATES; LOCAL ADAPTATION; CHANGING CLIMATE; PINUS-CONTORTA; NORTH-AMERICA; RANGE LIMITS; FOREST TREES AB I test for macroscale intraspecific variation of abundance, mortality, and regeneration of four eastern US tree species (Tsuga canadensis, Betula lenta, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Quercus prinus) by splitting them into three climatic zones based on plant hardiness zones (PHZs). The primary goals of the analysis are to assess the differences in environmental heterogeneity and demographic responses among climatic zones, map regional species groups based on decision tree rules, and evaluate univariate and multivariate patterns of species demography with respect to environmental variables. I use the Forest Inventory Analysis (FIA) data to derive abundance, mortality, and regeneration indices and split the range into three climatic zones based on USDA PHZs: (1) cold adapted, leading region; (2) middle, well-adapted region; and (3) warm adapted, trailing region. I employ decision tree ensemble methods to assess the importance of environmental predictors on the abundance of the species between the cold and warm zones and map zonal variations in species groups. Multivariate regression trees are used to simultaneously explore abundance, mortality, and regeneration in tandem to assess species vulnerability. Analyses point to the relative importance of climate in the warm adapted, trailing zone (especially moisture) compared to the cold adapted, leading zone. Higher mortality and lower regeneration patterns in the warm trailing zone point to its vulnerability to growing season temperature and precipitation changes that could figure more prominently in the future. This study highlights the need to account for intraspecific variation of demography in order to understand environmental heterogeneity and differential adaptation. It provides a methodology for assessing the vulnerability of tree species by delineating climatic zones based on easily available PHZ data, and FIA derived abundance, mortality, and regeneration indices as a proxy for overall growth and fitness. Based on decision tree rules, ecologically meaningful variations in species abundance among the climatic zones can be related to environmental variability and mapped. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Prasad, AM (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM aprasad@fs.fed.us FU Northern Research Station Global Change Program, USDA Forest Service FX Northern Research Station Global Change Program, USDA Forest Service. NR 92 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 5 IS 21 BP 5033 EP 5048 DI 10.1002/ece3.1752 PG 16 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CV5WF UT WOS:000364341400026 PM 26640680 ER PT J AU Hitaj, C AF Hitaj, Claudia TI Location matters: The impact of renewable power on transmission congestion and emissions SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Renewable power; Transmission congestion; Emissions; Electricity grid; Optimal power flow ID WIND-POWER; ELECTRICITY AB Many governments offer subsidies for renewable power to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the power sector. However, most support schemes for renewable power do not take into account that emissions depend on the location of renewable and conventional power plants within an electricity grid. I simulate optimal power flow in a test grid when 4 renewable power plants connect to the grid across 24 potential sites, amounting to over 10,000 configurations. Each configuration is associated with different levels of emissions and renewable power output. I find that emission reductions vary by a factor of 7 and that curtailment due to transmission congestion is more likely when renewable power plants are concentrated in an area of the grid with low demand. Large cost savings could be obtained by allowing subsidies for renewable power to vary across locations according to abatement potential or by replacing subsidies with a price on emissions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Hitaj, C (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Mail Stop 1800, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM cmhitaj@ers.usda.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 EI 1873-6777 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD NOV PY 2015 VL 86 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2015.06.019 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4OJ UT WOS:000364246100001 ER PT J AU Song, QJ Jia, GF Hyten, DL Jenkins, J Hwang, EY Schroeder, SG Osorno, JM Schmutz, J Jackson, SA McClean, PE Cregan, PB AF Song, Qijian Jia, Gaofeng Hyten, David L. Jenkins, Jerry Hwang, Eun-Young Schroeder, Steven G. Osorno, Juan M. Schmutz, Jeremy Jackson, Scott A. McClean, Phillip E. Cregan, Perry B. TI SNP Assay Development for Linkage Map Construction, Anchoring Whole-Genome Sequence, and Other Genetic and Genomic Applications in Common Bean SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Phaseolus vulgaris; SNP; molecular markers; BARCBean6K BeadChip; linkage map ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; REPEAT SSR MARKERS; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; INTEGRATION; RESISTANCE; WHEAT; DIVERSITY; DISCOVERY; TRAITS; SYSTEM AB A total of 992,682 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was identified as ideal for Illumina Infinium II BeadChip design after sequencing a diverse set of 17 common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) varieties with the aid of next-generation sequencing technology. From these, two BeadChips each with >5000 SNPs were designed. The BARCBean6K_1 BeadChip was selected for the purpose of optimizing polymorphism among market classes and, when possible, SNPs were targeted to sequence scaffolds in the Phaseolus vulgaris 14x genome assembly with sequence lengths >10 kb. The BARCBean6K_2 BeadChip was designed with the objective of anchoring additional scaffolds and to facilitate orientation of large scaffolds. Analysis of 267 F-2 plants from a cross of varieties Stampede x Red Hawk with the two BeadChips resulted in linkage maps with a total of 7040 markers including 7015 SNPs. With the linkage map, a total of 432.3 Mb of sequence from 2766 scaffolds was anchored to create the Phaseolus vulgaris v1.0 assembly, which accounted for approximately 89% of the 487 Mb of available sequence scaffolds of the Phaseolus vulgaris v0.9 assembly. A core set of 6000 SNPs (BARCBean6K_3 BeadChip) with high genotyping quality and polymorphism was selected based on the genotyping of 365 dry bean and 134 snap bean accessions with the BARCBean6K_1 and BARCBean6K_2 BeadChips. The BARCBean6K_3 BeadChip is a useful tool for genetics and genomics research and it is widely used by breeders and geneticists in the United States and abroad. C1 [Song, Qijian; Jia, Gaofeng; Hyten, David L.; Cregan, Perry B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jenkins, Jerry; Schmutz, Jeremy] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Hwang, Eun-Young] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Schroeder, Steven G.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Osorno, Juan M.; McClean, Phillip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Schmutz, Jeremy] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Jackson, Scott A.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Genet Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Song, QJ (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Qijian.Song@ars.usda.gov RI Schmutz, Jeremy/N-3173-2013 OI Schmutz, Jeremy/0000-0001-8062-9172 FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture [AFRI 2009-01860, AFRI 2009-01929]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Rob Parry and Chris Pooley for their technical support in assembling the necessary hardware and software required for the Illumina sequence analysis. The work reported here is based in part upon work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement Nos. AFRI 2009-01860 and AFRI 2009-01929 to S.A.J and P.E.M, respectively. The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 7 U2 19 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 5 IS 11 BP 2285 EP 2290 DI 10.1534/g3.115.020594 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CW0BA UT WOS:000364652700007 PM 26318155 ER PT J AU Money, D Gardner, K Migicovsky, Z Schwaninger, H Zhong, GY Myles, S AF Money, Daniel Gardner, Kyle Migicovsky, Zoe Schwaninger, Heidi Zhong, Gan-Yuan Myles, Sean TI LinkImpute: Fast and Accurate Genotype Imputation for Nonmodel Organisms SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE imputation; SNP; genotyping by sequencing; apple ID WHOLE-GENOME ASSOCIATION; MISSING GENOTYPES; WIDE ASSOCIATION; SEQUENCING DATA; LINKAGE MAP; SELECTION; CATTLE AB Obtaining genome-wide genotype data from a set of individuals is the first step in many genomic studies, including genome-wide association and genomic selection. All genotyping methods suffer from some level of missing data, and genotype imputation can be used to fill in the missing data and improve the power of downstream analyses. Model organisms like human and cattle benefit from high-quality reference genomes and panels of reference genotypes that aid in imputation accuracy. In nonmodel organisms, however, genetic and physical maps often are either of poor quality or are completely absent, and there are no panels of reference genotypes available. There is therefore a need for imputation methods designed specifically for nonmodel organisms in which genomic resources are poorly developed and marker order is unreliable or unknown. Here we introduce LinkImpute, a software package based on a k-nearest neighbor genotype imputation method, LD-kNNi, which is designed for unordered markers. No physical or genetic maps are required, and it is designed to work on unphased genotype data from heterozygous species. It exploits the fact that markers useful for imputation often are not physically close to the missing genotype but rather distributed throughout the genome. Using genotyping-by-sequencing data from diverse and heterozygous accessions of apples, grapes, and maize, we compare LD-kNNi with several genotype imputation methods and show that LD-kNNi is fast, comparable in accuracy to the best-existing methods, and exhibits the least bias in allele frequency estimates. C1 [Money, Daniel; Gardner, Kyle; Migicovsky, Zoe; Myles, Sean] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Plant & Anim Sci, Fac Agr, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. [Schwaninger, Heidi; Zhong, Gan-Yuan] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Zhong, GY (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Plant & Anim Sci, Fac Agr, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. EM daniel.money@dal.ca OI Migicovsky, Zoe/0000-0002-3931-1258 FU Genome Canada Bioinformatics and Computational Biology grant; Canada Research Chairs program; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX We thank Patrick J Brown and Kate Crosby for providing useful discussion. This work was supported by a Genome Canada Bioinformatics and Computational Biology grant; the Canada Research Chairs program; and the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 18 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 5 IS 11 BP 2383 EP 2390 DI 10.1534/g3.115.021667 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CW0BA UT WOS:000364652700017 PM 26377960 ER PT J AU Ray, JD Dhanapal, AP Singh, SK Hoyos-Villegas, V Smith, JR Purcell, LC King, CA Boykin, D Cregan, PB Song, QJ Fritschi, FB AF Ray, Jeffery D. Dhanapal, Arun Prabhu Singh, Shardendu K. Hoyos-Villegas, Valerio Smith, James R. Purcell, Larry C. King, C. Andy Boykin, Debbie Cregan, Perry B. Song, Qijian Fritschi, Felix B. TI Genome-Wide Association Study of Ureide Concentration in Diverse Maturity Group IV Soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] Accessions SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE ureide; drought tolerance; soybean; GWAS ID ABIOTIC STRESS TOLERANCE; MAX L. MERR.; N-2 FIXATION; NITROGEN-FIXATION; ELEVATED UREIDES; WATER DEFICITS; DROUGHT; INHIBITION; GENOTYPES; ACCUMULATION AB Ureides are the N-rich products of N-fixation that are transported from soybean nodules to the shoot. Ureides are known to accumulate in leaves in response to water-deficit stress, and this has been used to identify genotypes with reduced N-fixation sensitivity to drought. Our objectives in this research were to determine shoot ureide concentrations in 374 Maturity Group IV soybean accessions and to identify genomic regions associated with shoot ureide concentration. The accessions were grown at two locations (Columbia, MO, and Stuttgart, AR) in 2 yr (2009 and 2010) and characterized for ureide concentration at beginning flowering to full bloom. Average shoot ureide concentrations across all four environments (two locations and two years) and 374 accessions ranged from 12.4 to 33.1 mu mol g(-1) and were comparable to previously reported values. SNP-ureide associations within and across the four environments were assessed using 33,957 SNPs with a MAF >= 0.03. In total, 53 putative loci on 18 chromosomes were identified as associated with ureide concentration. Two of the putative loci were located near previously reported QTL associated with ureide concentration and 30 loci were located near genes associated with ureide metabolism. The remaining putative loci were not near chromosomal regions previously associated with shoot ureide concentration and may mark new genes involved in ureide metabolism. Ultimately, confirmation of these putative loci will provide new sources of variation for use in soybean breeding programs. C1 [Ray, Jeffery D.; Smith, James R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Boykin, Debbie] USDA ARS, Southeast Area Stat, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Dhanapal, Arun Prabhu; Fritschi, Felix B.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Singh, Shardendu K.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cregan, Perry B.; Song, Qijian] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hoyos-Villegas, Valerio] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Purcell, Larry C.; King, C. Andy] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. RP Ray, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS CGRU, 141 Expt Stn Rd,POB 345, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM jeff.ray@ars.usda.gov OI Dhanapal, Arun Prabhu/0000-0002-9686-7260 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS) [6066-21220-012-00D, 8042-21000-275-00D]; United Soybean Board [1274, 8265, 9274] FX We appreciate the assistance of Dr. Randall Nelson, curator of the USDA-ARS Germplasm Collection, in selecting the accessions evaluated in this study and the expertise of Marilynn Davies for ureide analysis. This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS) project numbers 6066-21220-012-00D and 8042-21000-275-00D as well as United Soybean Board project numbers 1274, 8265 and 9274. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 13 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 5 IS 11 BP 2391 EP 2403 DI 10.1534/g3.115.021774 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CW0BA UT WOS:000364652700018 PM 26374596 ER PT J AU Ruiz-Vera, UM Siebers, MH Drag, DW Ort, DR Bernacchi, CJ AF Ruiz-Vera, Ursula M. Siebers, Matthew H. Drag, David W. Ort, Donald R. Bernacchi, Carl J. TI Canopy warming caused photosynthetic acclimation and reduced seed yield in maize grown at ambient and elevated [CO2] SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE elevated CO2; free-air CO2 enrichment; global warming; maize; photosynthesis; yields ID CARBON-DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ZEA-MAYS; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; WATER POTENTIALS; ENRICHMENT FACE; QUANTUM YIELD; KERNEL SET; DROUGHT AB Rising atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and attendant increases in growing season temperature are expected to be the most important global change factors impacting production agriculture. Although maize is the most highly produced crop worldwide, few studies have evaluated the interactive effects of elevated [CO2] and temperature on its photosynthetic physiology, agronomic traits or biomass, and seed yield under open field conditions. This study investigates the effects of rising [CO2] and warmer temperature, independently and in combination, on maize grown in the field throughout a full growing season. Free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) technology was used to target atmospheric [CO2] to 200 mu mol mol similar to 1 above ambient [CO2] and infrared heaters to target a plant canopy increase of 3.5 degrees C, with actual season mean heating of similar to 2.7 degrees C, mimicking conditions predicted by the second half of this century. Photosynthetic gas-exchange parameters, leaf nitrogen and carbon content, leaf water potential components, and developmental measurements were collected throughout the season, and biomass and yield were measured at the end of the growing season. As predicted for a C-4 plant, elevated [CO2] did not stimulate photosynthesis, biomass, or yield. Canopy warming caused a large shift in aboveground allocation by stimulating season-long vegetative biomass and decreasing reproductive biomass accumulation at both CO2 concentrations, resulting in decreased harvest index. Warming caused a reduction in photosynthesis due to down-regulation of photosynthetic biochemical parameters and the decrease in the electron transport rate. The reduction in seed yield with warming was driven by reduced photosynthetic capacity and by a shift in aboveground carbon allocation away from reproduction. This field study portends that future warming will reduce yield in maize, and this will not be mitigated by higher atmospheric [CO2] unless appropriate adaptation traits can be introduced into future cultivars. C1 [Ruiz-Vera, Ursula M.; Siebers, Matthew H.; Drag, David W.; Ort, Donald R.; Bernacchi, Carl J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ort, Donald R.; Bernacchi, Carl J.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Bernacchi, CJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM bernacch@illinois.edu OI Ruiz Vera, Ursula/0000-0003-1890-967X FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agriculture Research Service (ARS); Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy, through the Midwestern Center of the National Institute for Climate Change Research (NICCR) FX The authors acknowledge Elizabeth A. Ainsworth and Stephen P. Long for helpful comments on an early draft of the manuscript. Funding for this research was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agriculture Research Service (ARS) and by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy, through the Midwestern Center of the National Institute for Climate Change Research (NICCR). NR 63 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 15 U2 78 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 21 IS 11 BP 4237 EP 4249 DI 10.1111/gcb.13013 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW1UM UT WOS:000364777200026 PM 26119211 ER PT J AU Pandya, M Rasmussen, M Hansen, A Nielsen, M Buus, S Golde, W Barlow, J AF Pandya, Mital Rasmussen, Michael Hansen, Andreas Nielsen, Morten Buus, Soren Golde, William Barlow, John TI A modern approach for epitope prediction: identification of foot-and-mouth disease virus peptides binding bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA) class I molecules SO IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE MHC class I; Motif; Peptide; FMDV; Epitope; Immunoinformatics ID T-CELL RESPONSES; THEILERIA-PARVA; LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; REVERSE VACCINOLOGY; CATTLE; SPECIFICITY; VACCINATION; VACCINES; MOTIF; CTL AB Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules regulate adaptive immune responses through the presentation of antigenic peptides to CD8+ T cells. Polymorphisms in the peptide binding region of class I molecules determine peptide binding affinity and stability during antigen presentation, and different antigen peptide motifs are associated with specific genetic sequences of class I molecules. Understanding bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA), peptide-MHC class I binding specificities may facilitate development of vaccines or reagents for quantifying the adaptive immune response to intracellular pathogens, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Six synthetic BoLA class I (BoLA-I) molecules were produced, and the peptide binding motif was generated for five of the six molecules using a combined approach of positional scanning combinatorial peptide libraries (PSCPLs) and neural network-based predictions (NetMHCpan). The updated NetMHCpan server was used to predict BoLA-I binding peptides within the P1 structural polyprotein sequence of FMDV (strain A24 Cruzeiro) for BoLA-1*01901, BoLA-2*00801, BoLA-2*01201, and BoLA-4*02401. Peptide binding affinity and stability were determined for these BoLA-I molecules using the luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay (LOCI) and scintillation proximity assay (SPA). The functional diversity of known BoLA alleles was predicted using the MHCcluster tool, and functional predictions for peptide motifs were compared to observed data from this and prior studies. The results of these analyses showed that BoLA alleles cluster into three distinct groups with the potential to define "BoLA supertypes." This streamlined approach identifies potential T cell epitopes from pathogens, such as FMDV, and provides insight into T cell immunity following infection or vaccination. C1 [Pandya, Mital; Barlow, John] Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Rasmussen, Michael; Hansen, Andreas; Buus, Soren] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Int Hlth Immunol & Microbiol, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Nielsen, Morten] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Syst Biol, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Nielsen, Morten] Univ Nacl San Martin, Inst Invest Biotecnol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Golde, William] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Barlow, J (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, 570 Main St,221 Terrill Bldg, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM john.barlow@uvm.edu RI Nielsen, Morten/E-7754-2011 OI Nielsen, Morten/0000-0001-7885-4311 FU UVM [58-1940-9-953]; Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture - Department of Homeland Security [58-1940-9-953, HSHQDC-09-X-00373, HSHQPM-13-X-00110]; Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture - US Department of Agriculture [58-1940-9-953, HSHQDC-09-X-00373, HSHQPM-13-X-00110]; USA National Science Foundation under the BREAD program [0965346]; USDA-Agriculture and Food Research Initiative; National Institute of Food and Agriculture pre-doctoral fellowship [28832]; UVM College of Agriculture and Life Sciences FX This work was funded by a cooperative agreement (58-1940-9-953) between UVM and the Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, which was funded in part by an interagency agreement (HSHQDC-09-X-00373) and (HSHQPM-13-X-00110) between the Department of Homeland Security and US Department of Agriculture. This work was in part funded by a grant (0965346) from the USA National Science Foundation under the BREAD program. We also acknowledge support from USDA-Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, National Institute of Food and Agriculture pre-doctoral fellowship (28832), as well a matching funds and research support provided by the UVM College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Matthew Sammons provided technical assistance with PCR-SSP typing of the cattle. Tim Hunter and Jessica Hoffman at the DNA Analysis facility at the UVM Cancer Center provided technical assistance with the BioTek plate reader used for LOCI assays. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0093-7711 EI 1432-1211 J9 IMMUNOGENETICS JI Immunogenetics PD NOV PY 2015 VL 67 IS 11-12 BP 691 EP 703 DI 10.1007/s00251-015-0877-7 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA CV8GJ UT WOS:000364519300006 PM 26496773 ER PT J AU Bourassa, DV Holmes, JM Cason, JA Cox, NA Rigsby, LL Buhr, RJ AF Bourassa, D. V. Holmes, J. M. Cason, J. A. Cox, N. A. Rigsby, L. L. Buhr, R. J. TI Prevalence and Serogroup Diversity of Salmonella for Broiler Neck Skin, Whole Carcass Rinse, and Whole Carcass Enrichment Sampling Methodologies following Air or Immersion Chilling SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID POULTRY SLAUGHTERHOUSES; CHICKEN CARCASSES; RECOVERY; CONTAMINATION; EXCISION; MEAT; PATHOGENS; ACCURACY; BACTERIA; SEROTYPE AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate neck skin (NS), whole carcass rinse (WCR), and whole carcass enrichment (WCE) sampling procedures for Salmonella isolation and serogroup identification from the same broiler chicken carcass treated with air or immersion chilling. Commercially processed and eviscerated broiler carcasses were collected from a commercial processing plant, individually bagged, and transported to the pilot processing plant. In experiment 1, carcasses were air chilled to 4 degrees C. In experiment 2, carcasses were immersion chilled with or without chlorine. After air chilling, Salmonella was detected on 78% of NS and 89% of WCE samples. Only one Salmonella serogroup was detected from each of 13 Salmonella-positive NS samples, and two serogroups were detected on 1 Salmonella-positive NS sample. Only one Salmonella serogroup was detected from each of 13 Salmonella-positive WCE samples, and two serogroups were detected from 3 Salmonella-positive WCE samples. After immersion chilling without chlorine, Salmonella was detected on 38% of NS, 45% of WCR, and 100% of WCE samples. Without chlorine, the 15 Salmonella-positive NS samples included 14 samples with one serogroup and 1 sample with two serogroups. Only one Salmonella serogroup was detected from WCR samples after immersion chilling. Of 40 Salmonella-positive WCE samples, 23 had a one, 14 had two, and 3 had three Salmonella serogroups. After immersion chilling with chlorine, Salmonella was detected on 35% of NS, 0% of WCR, and 90% of WCE samples. With chlorine, the 14 Salmonella-positive NS samples included 11 samples with one serogroup and 3 samples with two serogroups. No Salmonella serogroups were detected from WCR samples after immersion chilling with 20 mg/liter free chlorine. The 36 Salmonella-positive WCE samples included 21 samples with one serogroup and 15 samples with two serogroups. NS and WCE sampling methodologies yielded similar prevalence and serogroup diversity after air chilling. However, after immersion chilling with or without chlorine, WCE sampling yielded significantly higher (alpha <= 0.05) prevalence and serogroup diversity than either NS or WCR sampling methodologies. C1 [Bourassa, D. V.; Holmes, J. M.; Cason, J. A.; Cox, N. A.; Rigsby, L. L.; Buhr, R. J.] ARS, USDA, US Natl Poultry Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Holmes, J. M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Bourassa, DV (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Natl Poultry Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM dianna.bourassa@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 78 IS 11 BP 1938 EP 1944 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-189 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA CV8CB UT WOS:000364503000002 PM 26555515 ER PT J AU Brown, TR Edrington, TS Loneragan, GH Hanson, DL Malin, K Ison, JJ Nisbet, DJ AF Brown, T. R. Edrington, T. S. Loneragan, G. H. Hanson, D. L. Malin, K. Ison, J. J. Nisbet, D. J. TI Investigation into Possible Differences in Salmonella Prevalence in the Peripheral Lymph Nodes of Cattle Derived from Distinct Production Systems and of Different Breed Types SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID IN-GROUND BEEF; HEREFORD CATTLE; HIGH-PLAINS; BRAHMAN; ENTERICA; RESISTANCE; SLAUGHTER; DIVERSITY; CARRIAGE; IXODIDAE AB Previous research demonstrated significant variation in the prevalence of Salmonella in peripheral lymph nodes (LNs) of feedlot cattle and cull cows; with greater prevalence in feedlot cattle. Therefore, we performed experiments to investigate whether these differences in Salmonella prevalence in subiliac LNs are due to, or influenced by, breed, which in many respects is a proxy for the production system in which the animal is derived. Holstein steers are a by-product of dairy systems, and beef steers are an intended product of commercial beef operations. For the first experiment, Holstein and beef steers originating from the same feedlot and harvested on the same day were sampled. Of the 467 Holstein and 462 beef cattle LNs collected, 62.1% of Holstein and 59.7% of beef cattle samples harbored Salmonella (P = 0.46; qualitative culture), with 51.2 and 48.9% of samples containing quantifiable concentrations (P = 0.49), respectively. The concentration of Salmonella within the LN followed a decreasing trend over the collection period (May to October), averaging 1.4 log CFU/g of LN for both Holstein and beef cattle samples (P = 0.78). In a second experiment, we compared 100% Brahman cattle to their beef cattle counterparts, as we hypothesized that the resistance of Brahman cattle to insects may reduce Salmonella transmission via biting insects. Of the 42 Brahman and 31 beef cattle LNs collected, the concentration of Salmonella within the LN averaged 3.0 log CFU/g for Brahman cattle and 2.9 log CFU/g for beef cattle samples (P = 0.30). Using qualitative culture, we recovered Salmonella from 100% of LNs from Brahman cattle and 97% of beef cattle samples (P = 0.25). Results of this research indicate that the differences observed are not due to breed and are likely a function of age, immune function, or other factors yet to be identified. Understanding which cattle are more likely to harbor Salmonella within LNs will aid in targeting both pre- and postharvest intervention strategies. C1 [Brown, T. R.; Edrington, T. S.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Loneragan, G. H.; Hanson, D. L.; Malin, K.; Ison, J. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Int Ctr Food Ind Excellence, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Edrington, TS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM tom.edrington@ars.usda.gov FU National Cattlemen's Beef Association; U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institutes of Food and Agriculture's National Integrated Food Safety Initiative [2011-51110-31081] FX This research was funded, in part, by beef and veal producers and importers through their $1-per-head checkoff and was produced for the Cattlemen's Beef Board and state beef councils by the National Cattlemen's Beef Association, and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institutes of Food and Agriculture's National Integrated Food Safety Initiative award no. 2011-51110-31081. The authors gratefully acknowledge the excellent technical expertise of Kate Andrews and Denise Caldwell. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 78 IS 11 BP 2081 EP 2084 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-198 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA CV8CB UT WOS:000364503000019 PM 26555532 ER PT J AU Sample, VA Bixler, RP McDonough, MH Bullard, SH Snieckus, MM AF Sample, V. Alaric Bixler, R. Patrick McDonough, Maureen H. Bullard, Steven H. Snieckus, Mary M. TI The Promise and Performance of Forestry Education in the United States: Results of a Survey of Forestry Employers, Graduates, and Educators SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE curriculum; education; social science; curriculum revision; employers ID OMNIPOTENT FORESTER; CHALLENGE; FUTURE; MYTH AB In 2013, a national survey of forestry employers was conducted to assess the extent to which forestry degree programs at US universities and colleges are providing students with the knowledge and skills needed for contemporary professional practice in forestry. Results were compared with similar surveys dating as far back as 1911, with particular reference to a comprehensive survey conducted in 1998. The 2013 survey also queried recent forestry graduates, faculty members, and deans to compare their perspectives on performance relative to importance using a comprehensive list of general skills and technical competencies based on the Society of American Foresters (SAF) accreditation standards, the SAF certified forester standards, and social skills identified through previous research. Results highlight the continued shortcomings of social science education in forestry degree programs. Employers consider today's graduates generally well prepared (relative to importance) in technical forestry competencies. The greatest discrepancies between importance and preparedness were in the human dimensions of natural resource management, especially managing conflict, communicating effectively in the workplace, and communicating effectively with clients and the public. Deans and directors of programs reported particular consistent challenges, including low enrollments, lack of diversity, and curriculum pressures. Diversity continues to be weak among forestry students (and faculty); 97% of surveyed employers indicated they had difficulty in recruiting non-Caucasian employees for professional forestry positions. C1 [Sample, V. Alaric; Bixler, R. Patrick] Pinchot Inst Conservat, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [McDonough, Maureen H.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bullard, Steven H.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Nacogdoches, TX USA. [Snieckus, Mary M.] USDA Forest Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Sample, VA (reprint author), Pinchot Inst Conservat, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM alsample@pinchot.org; pbixler@pinchot.org; mcdono10@msu.edu; bullardsh@sfasu.edu; msneickus@gmail.com FU University of California, Berkeley; National Association of University Forest Resources Programs; Society of American Foresters; Michigan State University FX We thank the individuals that participated in the survey and the steering committee for the North American Summit on Forest Science and Education for their guidance in the survey and the article. Major support for this study was provided by the University of California, Berkeley, the National Association of University Forest Resources Programs, the Society of American Foresters, and Michigan State University. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 7 U2 19 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 113 IS 6 BP 528 EP 537 DI 10.5849/jof.14-122 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV7GT UT WOS:000364441100003 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC Tappe, PA AF Bragg, Don C. Tappe, Philip A. TI The Many Values of Field-Based Education in Forestry SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bragg, Don C.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71655 USA. [Tappe, Philip A.] Univ Arkansas, Monticello, AR USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71655 USA. EM dbragg@fs.fed.us; tappe@uamont.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 113 IS 6 BP 592 EP 594 DI 10.5849/jof.15-114 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV7GT UT WOS:000364441100015 ER PT J AU Merriman, KE Kweh, MF Powell, JL Lippolis, JD Nelson, CD AF Merriman, Kathryn E. Kweh, Mercedes F. Powell, Jessica L. Lippolis, John D. Nelson, Corwin D. TI Multiple beta-defensin genes are upregulated by the vitamin D pathway in cattle SO JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Vitamin D; beta-Defensin; Innate immunity; Cattle ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS INTERNALIZATION; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; BOVINE NEUTROPHILS; DAIRY-COWS; EXPRESSION; MILK; DISEASE; BETA-DEFENSIN-5 AB Experimental models of bacterial and viral infections in cattle have suggested vitamin D has a role in innate immunity of cattle. The intracrine vitamin D pathway of bovine macrophages, however, has only been shown to activate a nitric oxide-mediated defense mechanism, as opposed to cathelicidin and beta-defensin antimicrobial peptides in human macrophages. In this study we have investigated the actions of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (1,25D) on a cluster of eleven bovine beta-defensin genes on the basis of RNAseq data indicating they were targets of 1,25D in cattle. Treatment of bovine monocyte cultures with 1,25D (10 nM, 18 h) in the absence and presence of LPS stimulation increased the expression of bovine beta-defensin 3 (BNBD3), BNBD4, BNBD6, BNBD7, and BNBD10 genes 5 to 10-fold compared to control (P< 0.05). Treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated monocytes with 0-100 ng/mL 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 also increased BNBD3, BNBD4, BNBD7, and BNBD10 in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of monocytes with the protein translation inhibitor, cycloheximide, however, blocked upregulation of the beta-defensins in response to 1,25D suggesting the beta-defensins in cattle are not direct targets of the vitamin D receptor. Furthermore, preliminary investigation of vitamin D's contribution to beta-defensin expression in vivo revealed that intramammary 1,25D treatment of lactating cows increased BNBD7 expression in mammary macrophages. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that multiple beta-defensin genes are upregulated by 1,25D in cattle, providing further indication that vitamin D contributes to bovine innate immunity. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Merriman, Kathryn E.; Kweh, Mercedes F.] Univ Florida, Anim Mol & Cellular Biol Grad Program, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Powell, Jessica L.; Nelson, Corwin D.] Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Lippolis, John D.] USDA, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Agr Res Serv, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Nelson, CD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, POB 110910,2250 Shealy Dr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM cdnelson@ufl.edu FU USDA National Institutes of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project [FLA-ANS-005309] FX The authors thank Mr. Duane Zimmerman (USDA National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA) for his technical assistance, and Drs. Kieran Meade and Paul Cormican (Teagasc, Meath, Ireland) for their helpful discussions regarding the bovine P-defensins. This work was supported by the USDA National Institutes of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project FLA-ANS-005309. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0760 J9 J STEROID BIOCHEM JI J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 154 BP 120 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.08.002 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CV4QI UT WOS:000364251200015 PM 26255277 ER PT J AU Singh, MAF Gates, N Saigal, N Wilson, GC Meiklejohn, J Brodaty, H Wen, W Singh, N Baune, BT Suo, C Baker, MK Foroughi, N Wang, Y Sachdev, PS Valenzuela, M AF Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone Gates, Nicola Saigal, Nidhi Wilson, Guy C. Meiklejohn, Jacinda Brodaty, Henry Wen, Wei Singh, Nalin Baune, Bernhard T. Suo, Chao Baker, Michael K. Foroughi, Nasim Wang, Yi Sachdev, Perminder S. Valenzuela, Michael TI Potential for a "Memory Gym" Intervention to Delay Conversion of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia Reply SO Journal of the American Medical Directors Association LA English DT Letter ID TRAINING SMART; DOUBLE-BLIND; TRIAL C1 [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Fac Hlth Sci, Exercise Hlth & Performance Fac,Res Grp, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA USA. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Saigal, Nidhi; Wilson, Guy C.; Meiklejohn, Jacinda; Baker, Michael K.] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Exercise Hlth & Performance, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia. [Brodaty, Henry; Wen, Wei] Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Wen, Wei; Sachdev, Perminder S.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Singh, Nalin] Royal Prince Alfred & Balmain Hosp, Balmain, NSW, Australia. [Singh, Nalin] Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia. [Baune, Bernhard T.] Univ Adelaide, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Suo, Chao] Monash Univ, Sch Psychol & Psychiat, Monash Clin & Imaging Neurosci, Clayton, Vic, Australia. [Baker, Michael K.] Australian Catholic Univ, Sydney, NSW 2059, Australia. [Foroughi, Nasim] Univ Sydney, Clin & Rehabil Res Grp, Fac Hlth Sci, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia. [Wang, Yi] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Wang, Yi] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Diabet, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Sachdev, Perminder S.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Valenzuela, Michael] Univ Sydney, Regenerat Neurosci Grp, Brain & Mind Res Inst, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. RP Singh, MAF (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Fac Hlth Sci, Exercise Hlth & Performance Fac,Res Grp, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-8610 EI 1538-9375 J9 J AM MED DIR ASSOC JI J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 16 IS 11 BP 999 EP 1001 DI 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.08.021 PG 4 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA CV7DO UT WOS:000364432800017 ER PT J AU Bennett, SJ Gordon, LM Neroni, V Wells, RR AF Bennett, Sean J. Gordon, Lee M. Neroni, Vera Wells, Robert R. TI Emergence, persistence, and organization of rill networks on a soil-mantled experimental landscape SO NATURAL HAZARDS LA English DT Article DE Rill erosion; Network development; Landscape degradation ID STREAM CHANNEL NETWORKS; EPHEMERAL GULLY EROSION; STATISTICAL INEVITABILITY; APPARENT RANDOMNESS; HORTON LAWS; INITIATION; EVOLUTION; MODELS; SIMULATION; RAINFALL AB Soil erosion remains a critical concern worldwide, and predicting the occurrence, location, and evolution of rills on hillslopes and agricultural landscapes remains a fundamental challenge in resource management. To address these questions, a relatively large soil-mantled experimental landscape was subjected to continuous rainfall and episodes of base-level lowering to force the development of a rill network system, and high-resolution digital technologies were used to quantify its evolution over time and space. These results show that waves of degradation and landscape incision occurred in response to base-level lowering, where headcut development and its upstream migration produced a fourth-order rill network. Stream order indices derived for this incised rill network confirm that this pattern emerges relatively early in time, and it remains relatively unchanged despite continued application of rainfall and additional base-level lowering. Using the same digital technologies, a surface drainage system was defined and mapped on the landscape prior to any soil erosion and rill development, and similar network indices also were derived. These results show that network characteristics and organization of this surface drainage system, as well as its location in space, were in very close agreement with the subsequent incised rill network following base-level lowering. It is demonstrated here that rill networks formed in this experiment are strongly conditioned by surface drainage patterns prior to any significant soil erosion and that the location of rill networks can be accurately delineated through analysis of the high-resolution digital terrain. C1 [Bennett, Sean J.; Gordon, Lee M.; Neroni, Vera] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA. [Wells, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Bennett, SJ (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA. EM seanb@buffalo.edu FU USDA-ARS [58-6408-3-028]; NSF [EAR 0640617, BCS 1359904] FX We thank Toby Gardiner and Peter Ashmore for kindly providing technical guidance on photogrammetry, Rorke Bryan for the flume, and the two anonymous reviewers and guest editors for their constructive comments. This research was partially supported by the USDA-ARS (Specific Research Agreement No. 58-6408-3-028) and NSF (EAR 0640617, BCS 1359904). NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0921-030X EI 1573-0840 J9 NAT HAZARDS JI Nat. Hazards PD NOV PY 2015 VL 79 SU 1 BP S7 EP S24 DI 10.1007/s11069-015-1599-8 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA CV8JB UT WOS:000364528800002 ER PT J AU Momm, HG Wells, RR Bingner, RL AF Momm, Henrique G. Wells, Robert R. Bingner, Ronald L. TI GIS technology for spatiotemporal measurements of gully channel width evolution SO NATURAL HAZARDS LA English DT Article DE Soil erosion; Channel expansion; GIS; Ephemeral gully; Image processing ID UPLAND CONCENTRATED FLOWS; SOIL-EROSION; RILL EROSION; RATES; MODEL AB Field observations of ephemeral gully evolution in active croplands have often revealed the presence of a less erodible soil layer that is typically associated with tillage practices (i.e., plowpan). This more erosion-resistant layer limits channel incision forcing the gully channel to expand laterally through basal scour of the bank toe and gravitational mass movement of the gully channel sidewalls. Understanding the role and quantification of widening processes is vital to efforts to quantify soil loss from gullies. One major research challenge is designing laboratory experiments that replicate field conditions while accounting for and accurately measuring spatial and temporal gully channel characteristics. Technology was developed to capture 2-cm-spaced cross-sections along a soil flume at user-defined time intervals. Two off-the-shelf high-resolution cameras were positioned above the soil bed looking as close to nadir field of view as possible. Using open source technology, computer control of the cameras was used to trigger each camera at 10-s intervals and download individual images from the cameras. Out of the two sets of images generated (one set from each camera), only one set of images was selected for further processing based on the quality of image information defined by image clarity/sharpness and the presence/absence of light reflectance in the water. Batch processing scripts were used to geo-reference individual images within an image set based on known coordinates of control points and to re-sample each image into a standard raster grid cell size of 0.25 cm. Custom developed image processing software was utilized to identify image color discontinuities representing channel edges based on water and soil image color reflectance differences. After an additional filtering step, the set of image color discontinuities was converted into GIS polygons, and these polygons were then used to produce a set of cross-sections for each time interval (hundreds of cross-sections for each time interval). The technology offers an inexpensive alternative for collecting data from laboratory experiments and serves as a template for multi-purpose investigations where channel edge discontinuities need to be accurately measured at high temporal resolution. C1 [Momm, Henrique G.] Middle Tennessee State Univ, Murfreesboro, TN 37130 USA. [Wells, Robert R.; Bingner, Ronald L.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Momm, HG (reprint author), Middle Tennessee State Univ, Murfreesboro, TN 37130 USA. EM henrique.momm@mtsu.edu NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0921-030X EI 1573-0840 J9 NAT HAZARDS JI Nat. Hazards PD NOV PY 2015 VL 79 SU 1 BP S97 EP S112 DI 10.1007/s11069-015-1615-z PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA CV8JB UT WOS:000364528800006 ER PT J AU Zhang, FF Kelly, MJ Must, A Saltzman, E Parsons, SK AF Zhang, Fang F. Kelly, Michael J. Must, Aviva Saltzman, Edward Parsons, Susan K. TI Obesity is an Important Health Problem in Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia SO PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER LA English DT Letter ID BODY-MASS INDEX; OVERWEIGHT C1 [Zhang, Fang F.; Saltzman, Edward] Tufts Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Zhang, Fang F.; Saltzman, Edward] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kelly, Michael J.] Tufts Med Ctr, Floating Hosp Children, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Boston, MA USA. [Kelly, Michael J.; Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Must, Aviva] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Zhang, FF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM fang_fang.zhang@tufts.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1545-5009 EI 1545-5017 J9 PEDIATR BLOOD CANCER JI Pediatr. Blood Cancer PD NOV PY 2015 VL 62 IS 11 BP 2058 EP 2059 DI 10.1002/pbc.25632 PG 2 WC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics GA CV9BA UT WOS:000364581100041 PM 26152397 ER PT J AU Wang, MN Chen, XM AF Wang, M. N. Chen, X. M. TI Barberry Does Not Function as an Alternate Host for Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici in the U. S. Pacific Northwest Due to Teliospore Degradation and Barberry Phenology SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID WHEAT STRIPE RUST; UNITED-STATES; STEM RUST; VIRULENCE; BERBERIS; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Sexual reproduction of the stem rust pathogen, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), on barberry (Berberis vulgaris) has been shown to provide initial inoculum for the development of the disease on wheat and barley and also generate diverse races of the pathogen. However, in our previous study, the stripe rust pathogen, P. striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), was not found on barberry in the U. S. Pacific Northwest. To determine why Pgt is able to infect the alternate host, while Pst cannot under the natural conditions, the viabilities of teliospores of both Pgt and Pst were investigated from 2011 to 2014 by determining the germination rates using telial samples collected periodically from wheat fields. Teliospores of Pst usually produced in July were physically degraded during winter, and their germination rate decreased from 50 to 90% in August to less than 1% in the following March and no germination after May. In contrast, Pgt teliospores usually produced in July and August remained physically intact and physiologically dormant, and could not germinate until February. Germination of Pgt teliospores gradually increased to 90% in May, at which time young leaves of barberry were susceptible to infection. In addition, a time-series experiment was conducted for inoculation of barberry plants with Pst teliospores. The results showed that Pst teliospores need a minimum of 32 h continual dew-forming conditions to infect barberry, and infection reaches a peak after incubation of inoculated plants for 88 h. The lack of a prolonged period of leaf wetness conditions during the season of telial maturity effectively negates Pst infection of barberry plants in the Pacific Northwest. C1 [Wang, M. N.; Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu FU U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5348-22000-015-00D]; Washington Grain Commission [13C-3061-5665]; Idaho Wheat Commission [13C-3061-4232]; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, HATCH Project, Washington State University, Pullman [WNP00663] FX This research was supported by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Project No. 5348-22000-015-00D), Washington Grain Commission (Project No. 13C-3061-5665), and Idaho Wheat Commission (Project No. 13C-3061-4232). PPNS No. 0676, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, HATCH Project Number WNP00663, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430. We thank Dr. Yue Jin for technical advice for teliospore germination. We are grateful to Drs. Frank Dugan and Weidong Chen for critical review of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 11 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 99 IS 11 BP 1500 EP 1506 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-14-1280-RE PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6AY UT WOS:000364354300006 ER PT J AU Wang, MN Wan, AM Chen, XM AF Wang, M. N. Wan, A. M. Chen, X. M. TI Barberry as Alternate Host Is Important for Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici But Not for Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici in the US Pacific Northwest SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID WHEAT STRIPE RUST; UNITED-STATES; STEM RUST; VIRULENCE VARIATION; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; BERBERIS SPP.; LEAF RUST; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGEN; RESISTANCE AB Common barberry (Berberis vulgaris) is the alternate host of the wheat stem rust pathogen, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, under natural conditions in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Barberry was recently shown to be infected by basidiospores of the wheat stripe rust pathogen, Puccinia striifonnis f. sp. tritici, under controlled conditions, but it is unclear if barberry plays any role in stripe rust epidemics under natural conditions. Aecial samples of Puccinia spp. collected from barberry plants in the Pacific Northwest from 2010 to 2013 were characterized to species by inoculation on wheat plants under controlled conditions and by molecular markers and sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Inoculation of wheat plants with bulked aecia-bearing barberry samples resulted in most P. graminis f. sp. tritici media and some P. striifonnis f. sp.tritici uredinia. Virulence tests demonstrated that the P. graminis f. sp. tritici isolates were sexually produced, whereas the P. striifonnis f. sp. tritici isolates were clonal based on both virulence and simple sequence repeat marker tests, indicating urediniospores from wheat fields landing on barberry leaves as the possible source of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici inoculum. A method for simultaneously testing individual aecia for identifying of P. granzinis f. sp. tritici and P. striifonnis f. sp. tritici by pathogenicity and ITS markers. Using the method together with ITS sequencing, tested individual aecia were mostly P. graminis f. sp. tritici and occasionally some other formae speciales of P. graminis, but not P. striifonnis. The results imply that barberry is essential for stem rust epidemics, but not for stripe rust under the natural conditions in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. C1 [Wang, M. N.; Wan, A. M.; Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5348-22000-015-00D]; Washington Grain Commission [13C-3061-5665]; Idaho Wheat Commission [13C-3061-4232]; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, HATCH Project, Washington State University, Pullman [WNP00663] FX This research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Project No. 5348-22000-015-00D), Washington Grain Commission (Project No. 13C-3061-5665), and Idaho Wheat Commission (Project No. 13C-3061-4232). PPNS No. 0677, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, HATCH Project Number WNP00663, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA. We are grateful to Drs. Frank Dugan and Weidong Chen for critical review of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 99 IS 11 BP 1507 EP 1516 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-14-1279-RE PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6AY UT WOS:000364354300007 ER PT J AU Li, SX Rupe, J Chen, PY Shannon, G Wrather, A Boykin, D AF Li, Shuxian Rupe, John Chen, Pengyin Shannon, Grover Wrather, Allen Boykin, Debbie TI Evaluation of Diverse Soybean Germplasm for Resistance to Phomopsis Seed Decay SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; QUALITY; LONGICOLLA; DIAPORTHE; CULTIVAR; FUNGI; YIELD; POD; TEMPERATURE; INHERITANCE AB Phomopsis seed decay (PSD), caused primarily by the fungal pathogen Phomopsis longicolla, is one of the most important diseases reducing seed quality and yield of soybean. Few cultivars have been identified as resistant. To identify new sources of resistance to PSD, 135 soybean germplasm accessions, originating from 28 countries, were field screened in Arkansas, Mississippi, and Missouri in 2009. Based on seed assays of natural field infection by P. longicolla in 2009, 42 lines, including the most resistant and susceptible lines, were reevaluated in the field in 2010, 2011, and 2012 with P. longicolla-inoculated and noninoculated treatments. Six maturity group (MG) III (PI 189891, PI 398697, PI 417361, PI 504481, PI 504488, and PI 88490), four MG IV (PI 158765, PI 235335, PI 346308, and PI 416779), and five MG V (PI 381659, PI 381668, PI 407749, PI 417567, and PI 476920) lines had significantly lower percent seed infection by P. longicolla than the susceptible checks and other lines in the same test (P <= 0.05). They appeared to have some levels of resistance to PSD. These new sources of PSD resistance can be used in developing soybean breeding lines or cultivars with resistance to PSD, and for genetic mapping of PSD resistance genes. C1 [Li, Shuxian] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rupe, John; Chen, Pengyin] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Shannon, Grover; Wrather, Allen] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. [Boykin, Debbie] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Li, SX (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM shuxian.li@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board (USB) [9261, 0261, 1261, 2261]; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Projects, Crop Genetics Research Unit, Stoneville, MS [6402-21220-012-00D] FX This research was funded by the United Soybean Board (USB) grants number 9261, 0261, 1261, and 2261; and was also partially supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Projects 6402-21220-012-00D, Crop Genetics Research Unit, Stoneville, MS. We thank A. Clark, X. Gao, B. Holland, G. Sciumbato, A. Steger, S. Sun, B. Yu, L. Zhan, and numerous temporary employees for their assistance with this research. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 99 IS 11 BP 1517 EP 1525 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-14-0429-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6AY UT WOS:000364354300008 ER PT J AU Yang, HC Haudenshield, JS Hartman, GL AF Yang, Hui-Ching Haudenshield, James S. Hartman, Glen L. TI Multiplex Real-time PCR Detection and Differentiation of Colletotrichum Species Infecting Soybean SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID MELTING-CURVE ANALYSIS; RAPID DETECTION; UNITED-STATES; RIBOSOMAL DNA; 1ST REPORT; ANTHRACNOSE; IDENTIFICATION; FUNGI; GLOMERELLA; TRUNCATUM AB Colletotrichum species are fungal plant pathogens of worldwide significance. Colletotrichum species were isolated from soybean with anthracnose symptoms in five states in the United States from 2009 to 2013. Among 240 isolates collected, four Colletotrichum species were initially identified by morphological and sequence analysis, including C. chlorophyti, C. incanum, C. truncatum, and Colletotrichum sp. (henceforth Glomerella glycines, the name of its sexual state). To increase diagnostic efficiency and accuracy, real-time multiplex PCR assays based on a double-stranded DNA-binding dye coupled with dissociation curve analysis were designed, using a region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene to discern these four Colletotrichum species. Two sets of duplex, real-time PCR assays were established and species differentiation was based upon amplicon melting point temperatures (T-m) in the dissociation curve analysis. The Set 1 duplex assay distinguished C. chlorophyti and G. glycines, and the Set 2 duplex assay distinguished C. incanum and C. truncatum. Successful detection was achieved with as little as 1 pg DNA. The assays were especially useful for differentiating C. chlorophyti, C. incanum, and C. truncatum, which have similar morphological features. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, another pathogen associated with soybean anthracnose, was not resolved from G. glycines by the melting curve analysis. The two duplex real-time PCR assays were used to screen more than 200 purified Colletotrichum isolates, showing that they were rapid and effective methods to detect and differentiate Colletotrichum species infecting soybean. C1 [Yang, Hui-Ching; Hartman, Glen L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Haudenshield, James S.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hartman, Glen L.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM Glen.Hartman@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service FX We thank Drs. C. R. Bowen and S. C. Chawla (Illinois), E. Sikora (Alabama), J. Rupe (Arkansas), M. Wunsch (North Dakota), and T. Allen (Mississippi) for providing soybean samples from the fields. This research was funded in part by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 99 IS 11 BP 1559 EP 1568 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-14-1189-RE PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6AY UT WOS:000364354300013 ER PT J AU Li, WB Yan, ZH Nakhla, MK Skantar, AM AF Li, Wenbin Yan, Zonghe Nakhla, Mark K. Skantar, Andrea M. TI Real-Time PCR for Detection and Identification of Anguina funesta, A. agrostis, A. tritici, and A. pacificae SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID NEMATODES; QUANTIFICATION; RATHAYIBACTER; ASSAY; SEQUENCES; LIVESTOCK; BIOLOGY; OREGON; GALLS; CYST AB A number of seed, leaf, and stem gall nematodes are of significance to the forage and landscape grass and livestock industries. In North America, the bentgrass nematode, Anguina agrostis, reduces seed production on Agrostis tenuis and several other grass species. Anguina funesta is a seed-gall nematode that is most significant for its association with the toxigenic bacteria Rathayibacter toxicus. The wheat seed gall nematode A. tritici causes significant damage to wheat and other cereals; although it has been found in many countries worldwide, it has not been detected in the United States since 1975. Molecular methods based upon sequence variation in the ribosomal internal spacer region are useful for accurate identification of Anguina spp. Described herein are new species-specific primers and TaqMan probes for real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identification of A. agrostis, A. funesta, A. tritici, and A. pacificae. Primer and probe combinations were each specific for the intended species and were sensitive enough to detect as few as 1.25 copies of nematode ribosomal DNA. PCR was also specific and sensitive in duplex assays that included genus-specific internal control primers as well as species-specific primers and probes. These standardized realtime PCR protocols should facilitate fast and accurate identification of Anguina spp. by diagnostic laboratories. C1 [Li, Wenbin; Yan, Zonghe; Nakhla, Mark K.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Beltsville Lab, Boston, MA 02222 USA. [Skantar, Andrea M.] USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Skantar, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM andrea.skantar@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 99 IS 11 BP 1584 EP 1589 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-14-0959-RE PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6AY UT WOS:000364354300016 ER PT J AU Friskop, AJ Gulya, TJ Harveson, RM Humann, RM Markell, SG AF Friskop, Andrew J. Gulya, Thomas J. Harveson, Robert M. Humann, Ryan M. Markell, Samuel G. TI Phenotypic Diversity of Puccinia helianthi (Sunflower Rust) in the United States from 2011 and 2012 SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE GENE; NORTH-DAKOTA; ANNUUS L.; VIRULENCE; STRIIFORMIS; TRITICINA; AUSTRALIA; PATHOGEN; RACES AB Puccinia helianthi, causal agent of sunflower rust, is a macrocyclic and autoecious pathogen. Widespread sexual reproduction of P. helianthi was documented in North Dakota and Nebraska for the first time in 2008 and has since frequently occurred. Concurrently, an increase in sunflower rust incidence, severity, and subsequent yield loss on sunflower has occurred since 2008. Rust can be managed with resistance genes but determination of virulence phenotypes is important for effective gene deployment and hybrid selection. However, the only P. helianthi virulence data available in the United States was generated prior to 2009 and consisted of aggregate virulence phenotypes determined on bulk field collections. The objective of this study was to determine the phenotypic diversity of P. helianthi in the United States. P. helianthi collections were made from cultivated, volunteer, and wild Helianthus spp. at 104 locations across seven U.S. states and one Canadian province in 2011 and 2012. Virulence phenotypes of 238 single-pustule isolates were determined on the internationally accepted differential set. In total, 29 races were identified, with races 300 and 304 occurring most frequently in 2011 and races 304 and 324 occurring most frequently in 2012. Differences in race prevalence occurred between survey years and across geography but were similar among host types. Four isolates virulent to all genes in the differential set (race 777) were identified. The resistance genes found in differential lines HA-R3 (R-4b), MC29 (R-2 and R-10), and HA-R2 (R-5) conferred resistance to 96.6, 83.6, and 78.6% of the isolates tested, respectively. C1 [Friskop, Andrew J.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Gulya, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Harveson, Robert M.] Univ Nebraska, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Humann, Ryan M.; Markell, Samuel G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Markell, SG (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM samuel.markell@ndsu.edu FU North Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment station; North Dakota State Board of Agricultural Research and Education; National Sunflower Association FX We thank C. Block, H. Darby, F. Pedraza Garcia, H. Harwood, C. Kincaid, S. Latham, J. Legako, and N. Oliver for P. helianthi samples; J. Nowatzki for map creation; and the National Sunflower Association, the North Dakota State Board of Agricultural Research and Education, and the North Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment station for funding. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 99 IS 11 BP 1604 EP 1609 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-14-1127-RE PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6AY UT WOS:000364354300019 ER PT J AU Bec, S Ward, T Farman, M O'Donnell, K Hershman, D Van Sanford, D Vaillancourt, LJ AF Bec, S. Ward, T. Farman, M. O'Donnell, K. Hershman, D. Van Sanford, D. Vaillancourt, L. J. TI Characterization of Fusarium Strains Recovered From Wheat With Symptoms of Head Blight in Kentucky SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID GRAMINEARUM SPECIES COMPLEX; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SPRING WHEAT; 15-ACETYLDEOXYNIVALENOL CHEMOTYPES; GENEALOGICAL CONCORDANCE; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-DAKOTA; F-ASIATICUM AB Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) members cause, Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and small grains in the United States. The U.S. population is diverse and includes several genetically distinct local emergent subpopulations, some more aggressive and toxigenic than the majority population. Kentucky is a transition zone between the Mid-Atlantic and Midwestern wheat production areas. Sixty-eight Fusarium strains were isolated from symptomatic wheat heads from central and western Kentucky and southern Indiana in 2007. A multilocus genotyping assay and a variety of additional molecular markers, including some novel markers developed using the F. graminearum genome sequence, were used to characterize the pathogen population. Five of the isolates were identified as members of two non-FGSC species, F. acuminatum and F. cf. reticulatum, but they did not cause symptoms in greenhouse tests. All the FGSC isolates belonged to the 15-ADON chemotype of F. graminearum. Comparative genetic analysis using variable nuclear tandem repeat (VNTR) markers indicated that the population in Kentucky and Indiana belonged to the dominant North American population, with some diversification likely due to local evolution. Telomere and RFLP fingerprinting markers based on repetitive sequences revealed a high degree of genetic diversity within the population, with unique genotypes found at each location, and multiple genotypes isolated from the same head. C1 [Bec, S.; Farman, M.; Hershman, D.; Vaillancourt, L. J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Bec, S.; O'Donnell, K.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Van Sanford, D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Vaillancourt, LJ (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM vaillan@uky.edu FU U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative FX We thank Etta M. Nuckles, Doug J. Brown, Thomas Usgaard, and Nathane Orwig for excellent technical assistance. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the US Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This is paper number 14-12-083 from the University of Kentucky Agriculture Experiment Station, published with the permission of the Director. Financial support for this research was generously provided by the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 99 IS 11 BP 1622 EP 1632 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-14-0610-RE PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6AY UT WOS:000364354300022 ER PT J AU Mano, ET Minami, SN Loper, JE Araujo, WL AF Mano, E. T. Minami, S. N. Loper, J. E. Araujo, W. L. TI First Description of Necrosis in Leaves and Pseudobulbs of Oncidium Orchids Caused by Burkholderia gladioli in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. E. T. Mano SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Mano, E. T.; Araujo, W. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, BR-1374 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Minami, S. N.] Univ Mogi das Cruzes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Loper, J. E.] USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Mano, ET (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, BR-1374 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 99 IS 11 BP 1642 EP 1642 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-15-0297-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6AY UT WOS:000364354300030 ER PT J AU Koike, ST Tompkins, DV Martin, F Ramon, ML AF Koike, S. T. Tompkins, D. V. Martin, F. Ramon, M. L. TI First Report of Pythium Root Rot of Fennel in California Caused by Pythium sulcatum. S. T. Koike SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Koike, S. T.] Univ Calif Salinas, Cooperat Extens, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. [Tompkins, D. V.] Univ Florida, Plant Med Program, Gainesville, FL 32609 USA. [Martin, F.; Ramon, M. L.] USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Koike, ST (reprint author), Univ Calif Salinas, Cooperat Extens, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 99 IS 11 BP 1645 EP 1645 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-15-0288-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6AY UT WOS:000364354300037 ER PT J AU Parveen, I Wang, M Zhao, JP Chittiboyina, AG Tabanca, N Ali, A Baerson, SR Techen, N Chappell, J Khan, IA Pan, ZQ AF Parveen, Iffat Wang, Mei Zhao, Jianping Chittiboyina, Amar G. Tabanca, Nurhayat Ali, Abbas Baerson, Scott R. Techen, Natascha Chappell, Joe Khan, Ikhlas A. Pan, Zhiqiang TI Investigating sesquiterpene biosynthesis in Ginkgo biloba: molecular cloning and functional characterization of (E,E)-farnesol and alpha-bisabolene synthases SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sesquiterpene; Bisabolene synthase; Farnesol synthase; Ginkgo biloba ID FARNESYL DIPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; FIR ABIES-GRANDIS; TERPENE SYNTHASES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BIOFUELS PRODUCTION; BIOLOGY; DEFENSE; GENE; EXPRESSION; CHEMISTRY AB Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest living tree species and has been extensively investigated as a source of bioactive natural compounds, including bioactive flavonoids, diterpene lactones, terpenoids and polysaccharides which accumulate in foliar tissues. Despite this chemical diversity, relatively few enzymes associated with any biosynthetic pathway from ginkgo have been characterized to date. In the present work, predicted transcripts potentially encoding enzymes associated with the biosynthesis of diterpenoid and terpenoid compounds, including putative terpene synthases, were first identified by mining publicly-available G. biloba RNA-seq data sets. Recombinant enzyme studies with two of the TPS-like sequences led to the identification of GbTPS1 and GbTPS2, encoding farnesol and bisabolene synthases, respectively. Additionally, the phylogenetic analysis revealed the two terpene synthase genes as primitive genes that might have evolved from an ancestral diterpene synthase. C1 [Parveen, Iffat; Wang, Mei; Zhao, Jianping; Chittiboyina, Amar G.; Tabanca, Nurhayat; Ali, Abbas; Techen, Natascha; Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Thad Cochran Res Ctr, University, MS 38677 USA. [Baerson, Scott R.; Pan, Zhiqiang] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Chappell, Joe] Univ Kentucky, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Lexington, KY USA. RP Khan, IA (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Thad Cochran Res Ctr, University, MS 38677 USA. EM ikhan@olemiss.edu; zhiqiang.pan@ars.usda.gov FU FDA [1U01FD004246-3]; USDA-ARS [56-6402-1-612] FX We thank Dr. Franck Dayan for assistance with enzyme kinetic analyses. We also thank Marilyn Ruscoe, Melanie Mask, and Julie Blessitt for excellent technical assistance and Jon Parcher for his revision of the manuscript and suggestions. This research work is supported in part by FDA Grant No. 1U01FD004246-3 and USDA-ARS Grant No. 56-6402-1-612. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 EI 1573-5028 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 89 IS 4-5 BP 451 EP 462 DI 10.1007/s11103-015-0381-3 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA CV9WM UT WOS:000364638300009 PM 26442918 ER PT J AU Hulet, A Boyd, CS Davies, KW Svejcar, TJ AF Hulet, April Boyd, Chad S. Davies, Kirk W. Svejcar, Tony J. TI Prefire (Preemptive) Management to Decrease Fire-Induced Bunchgrass Mortality and Reduce Reliance on Postfire Seeding SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE fuel attributes; fuel-based model; perennial bunchgrass; resistance and resilience; wildfire; Wyoming big sagebrush ID SAGEBRUSH PLANT-COMMUNITIES; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; GREAT-BASIN; BROMUS-TECTORUM; INTERMOUNTAIN WEST; FUEL TREATMENTS; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; USA; INVASION; WILDFIRE AB Western rangelands are currently under severe threat from exotic annual grasses. To successfully manage rangelands that are either infested with or susceptible to exotic annual grasses, we must focus on increasing resilience to disturbance and resistance to exotic annual grass invasion. Here, we present a fuel-based model and research framework for Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis Beetle & Young) rangelands that focuses on increasing resilience to fire and resistance to exotic annual grasses through the maintenance of perennial bunchgrasses. By maintaining perennial bunchgrass, exotic annual grasses have limited resources, thus decreasing the invasibility of the site. In order for the fuel-based model to be effective in guiding landmanagement practices, research that evaluates the interactions between biotic and abiotic factors that influence fire-induced bunchgrass mortality is needed. Hence, we propose a research framework to identify and fill potential gaps in current scientific knowledge. We also suggest potential research objectives that are necessary to make informed management decisions before wildfire, with a goal to ultimately decreasing our reliance on marginally successful postfire restoration practices through preemptive management strategies. Published by Elsevier Inc. On behalf of Society for Range Management. C1 [Hulet, April; Boyd, Chad S.; Davies, Kirk W.; Svejcar, Tony J.] Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, US Dept Agr, Agr Res Serv, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Hulet, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM april.hulet@oregonstate.edu NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 16 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 68 IS 6 BP 437 EP 444 DI 10.1016/j.rama.2015.08.001 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV9DF UT WOS:000364586800001 ER PT J AU Mukherjee, JR Jones, TA Adler, PB Monaco, TA AF Mukherjee, Jayanti Ray Jones, Thomas A. Adler, Peter B. Monaco, Thomas A. TI Contrasting Mechanisms of Recovery from Defoliation in Two Intermountain-Native Bunchgrasses SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE clipping tolerance; Elymus wawawaiensis; Pseudoroegneria spicata; SLA; tiller number; timing of defoliation ID PLANT FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; DRY-MATTER CONTENT; INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY; ROOT MORPHOLOGY; LEAF-AREA; HERBIVORY; TOLERANCE; ECOLOGY; STRATEGIES; ECOSYSTEM AB Grazing tolerance of dominant native species may determine the fate of rangeland ecosystems, and using native plant populations with good grazing tolerance in restoration seedings may improve ecosystem resilience, especially when domestic herbivores are present. We examined interspecific and intraspecific differences in shoot biomass and defoliation tolerance for two semiarid, perennial cool-season bunchgrasses native to the Intermountain West, USA, Pseudoroegneria spicata and Elymus wawawaiensis, on the basis of four functional traits (specific leaf area [SLA], plant basal area, tiller number, and tiller mass). We applied two treatments, control and boot-defoliation, where the latter included defoliation at the early-reproductive ("boot") stage, the phenological stage most vulnerable to herbivory, while the control treatment did not. We tested two contrasting hypotheses (i.e., that boot-defoliation tolerance is increased through either increases in SLA or through more favorable tiller demography). For shoot biomass, both grasses were less productive under the boot-defoliation treatment than for the control, but E. wawawaiensis displayed higher boot-defoliation tolerance than P. spicata. Interpopulation variation occurred in all four functional traits for P. spicata, but there were no such variation for E. wawawaiensis. The tiller demography hypothesis better explained boot-defoliation tolerance in both species, and neither SLA nor plant basal area was correlated with shoot biomass for either treatment. Of the traits measured, high tiller number served as the primary mechanism for shoot biomass and boot-defoliation tolerance in P. spicata, while tiller number and tiller mass were both important predictors of both shoot biomass and boot-defoliation tolerance. (C) 2015 Society for Range Management. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mukherjee, Jayanti Ray] Grad Program, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Mukherjee, Jayanti Ray; Adler, Peter B.] Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Mukherjee, Jayanti Ray; Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Jones, Thomas A.; Monaco, Thomas A.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Mukherjee, JR (reprint author), Azim Premji Univ, Sch Liberal Studies, PES Campus,Pixel Pk,B Block, Elect City 560100, Bengaluru, India. EM pollen.jrm@gmail.com FU Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project FX This research was partially supported by funding from the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project. Percentage contributions by author were 60% for JRM, 20% for TAJ, 10% for TAM, and 10% for PBA. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 8 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 68 IS 6 BP 485 EP 493 DI 10.1016/j.rama.2015.07.011 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV9DF UT WOS:000364586800007 ER PT J AU Boyd, CS Lemos, JA AF Boyd, Chad S. Lemos, Jarod A. TI Evaluating Winter/Spring Seeding of a Native Perennial Bunchgrass in the Sagebrush Steppe SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bluebunch wheatgrass; climate variability; restoration; wildfire ID BLUEBUNCH WHEATGRASS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; ELYMUS-ELYMOIDES; GERMINATION RATE; GRASSES; ESTABLISHMENT; RESTORATION; COMPETITION; CHEATGRASS; EMERGENCE AB Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) plant communities in the Great Basin region are being severely impacted by increasingly frequent wildfires in association with the expansion of exotic annual grasses. Maintaining native perennial bunchgrasses is key to controlling annual grass expansion, but postfire restoration of these species has proven difficult with traditional fall drill-seeding. We investigated the potential for winter/spring seeding bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata [Pursh] A. Love) in southeast Oregon. In 2011-2013, 500 seeds were planted in fall, or weekly from March through early May in 1.m(-2) plots using a randomized block design with 5 replications. Germination was estimated using buried bags, and emergent seedlings were counted weekly from March to June. Germination and emergence varied strongly between years and by within-year timing of planting. With adequate precipitation, percent germination was high (up to 100%) regardless of timing of planting and emergence density decreased (P=0.05) with advancing winter/spring planting date in drier years. Emergence density was high (approaching 300 plants/m(-2)) with adequate precipitation but varied strongly across planting weeks for winter/spring plantings. Percent survival of emergent seedlings to harvest (July) was approximately 25-50% lower (P=0.05) for fall-planted seeds in all years; survival of winter/spring seedlings was 80-100% with no discernable pattern between planting weeks. Our results indicate that winter/spring seeding of perennial bunchgrasses is biologically feasible in years with adequate precipitation but fall seeding was more consistently successful. Additional research is needed to determine environmental factors driving within-year variation in demographics for winter/spring planted seeds. Published by Elsevier Inc. On behalf of Society for Range Management. C1 [Boyd, Chad S.; Lemos, Jarod A.] ARS, USDA, EOARC, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Boyd, CS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, EOARC, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM chad.boyd@oregonstate.edu NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 20 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 68 IS 6 BP 494 EP 500 DI 10.1016/j.rama.2015.07.009 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV9DF UT WOS:000364586800008 ER PT J AU Bushman, BS Johnson, DA Connors, KJ Jones, TA AF Bushman, B. Shaun Johnson, Douglas A. Connors, Kevin J. Jones, Thomas A. TI Germination and Seedling Emergence of Three Semiarid Western North American Legumes SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Astragalus filipes; Dalea ornata; Dalea searlsiae; revegetation; seed germination; seed scarification ID ASTRAGALUS-FILIPES; BASALT MILKVETCH; DORMANCY; COLLECTIONS; PLANTS AB Few seed sources of North American forbs are available for revegetation/restoration of degraded western rangelands adapted to annual precipitation zones less than 300 mm, and those that are available are mainly wildland collected. The amount of time and resources necessary to make wildland collections in quantity results in high seed prices and variable seed quality, such that forbs have been under-represented in rangeland seeding mixes. We have previously identified western prairie clover (Dalea ornata Douglas ex Hook.), Searls' prairie clover (Dalea searlsiae A. Gray), and basalt milkvetch (Astragalus filipes Torr. ex A. Gray) as native species adapted to low precipitation zones in the western United States for which field-grown seed production would potentially reduce seed costs and increase availability. A series of glasshouse experiments were conducted to determine the effects of scarification, planting depth, and soil composition on germination and seedling emergence of these species. All three species produce hard seeds, and scarification was necessary to increase germination and seedling emergence. Compared with a 6-mm planting depth, a planting depth of 19 mm retarded the rate of emergence for all species but only reduced the total seedling emergence for basalt milkvetch. With seed scarification in sandy soils, prairie clover seedling emergence exceeded 80% while basalt milkvetch was less than 10%. With seed scarification in soils with higher clay content, prairie clover total seedling emergence reduced to 58-70% while basalt milkvetch increased to approximately 30%. Along with enhancing stand establishment in seed production fields, these data will assist land managers in planning for optimal establishment of these species in rangeland revegetation/restoration projects. Published by Elsevier Inc. On behalf of Society for Range Management. C1 [Bushman, B. Shaun; Johnson, Douglas A.; Connors, Kevin J.; Jones, Thomas A.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, FRRL, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Bushman, BS (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, FRRL, 695 North 1100 East, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM shaun.bushman@ars.usda.gov FU Great Basin Native Plant Project through the Department of the Interior/Bureau of Land Management Great Basin Restoration Initiative; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station FX Research was partially funded by the Great Basin Native Plant Project through the Department of the Interior/Bureau of Land Management Great Basin Restoration Initiative and the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 68 IS 6 BP 501 EP 506 DI 10.1016/j.rama.2015.08.002 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV9DF UT WOS:000364586800009 ER PT J AU Hough-Snee, N Roper, BB Wheaton, JM Lokteff, RL AF Hough-Snee, N. Roper, B. B. Wheaton, J. M. Lokteff, R. L. TI Riparian Vegetation Communities of the American Pacific Northwest are Tied to Multi-Scale Environmental Filters SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE riparian ecology; riparian vegetation; environmental filters; assembly rules; Columbia River Basin ID OLYMPIC NATIONAL-PARK; HEADWATER STREAMS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; GEOMORPHIC PROCESSES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RIVER; DISTURBANCE; LANDSCAPE; ECOLOGY; FORESTS AB Riparia surrounding low-order streams are dynamic environments that often support distinct biodiversity. Because of their connection to nearby uplands, riparian vegetation communities at these streams respond to many environmental filtersclimatic, physical, chemical or biotic factorsthat restrict what species can occur at a given location from within larger regional species pools. In this study, we examined how environmental filters originating at the landscape, watershed and reach scales correspond to riparian plant community composition across the interior Columbia and upper Missouri River basins, USA. We correlated riparian vegetation to environmental filters, identified unique communities and partitioned the variance within riparian vegetation data among filters originating at different scales. Riparian vegetation composition was strongly correlated to landscape-scale filters including elevation, precipitation and temperature. Watershed-scale filters such as grazing and reach filters indicative of fluvial setting were also correlated to vegetation composition, often differentiating communities with similar landscape settings. We identified 10 distinct vegetation communities. Forested communities occurred at higher elevation, moderate gradient reaches with high mean annual precipitation. Shrub-forb systems corresponded to fluvial and watershed disturbances and occurred within climates that could preclude forest establishment. Meadows corresponded to high water tables and/or high grazing activity. Variance partitioning showed that landscape-scale filters explained the most variance within vegetation communities. Global change will alter many of the environmental filters that drive vegetation. Vegetation change may occur rapidly if local filters (e.g. fluvial process) change rapidly or may occur more slowly if larger-order filters (e.g. climate) change slowly and without influencing local hydrogeomorphic filters. By identifying filter-vegetation relationships at large spatial scales, hypotheses can be constructed on how riparian vegetation communities may change under future environmental conditions. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Hough-Snee, N.; Lokteff, R. L.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Sci Lab, PIBO Effectiveness Monitoring Program, Logan, UT USA. [Hough-Snee, N.; Roper, B. B.; Wheaton, J. M.; Lokteff, R. L.] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Roper, B. B.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Sci Lab, Stream & Aquat Ecol Unit, Logan, UT USA. [Wheaton, J. M.] Utah State Univ, US & Intermt Ctr River Restorat & Rehabil, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Hough-Snee, N (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM nate@natehough-snee.org RI Wheaton, Joseph/F-1965-2010; OI Wheaton, Joseph/0000-0002-8361-8150; Hough-Snee, Nate/0000-0003-4581-0931 FU USDA Forest Service Region 1; USDA Forest Service Region 4; USDA Forest Service Region 6; Bureau of Land Management Field Offices; Utah State University Presidential Fellowship FX We thank Eric Archer, Kern Ewing, Jim Gore, Lexine Long, Wally Macfarlane, Christy Meredith, Lloyd Nackley, Jeff Ojala, Mike Scott, Andrew Van Wagenen and two anonymous reviewers for project support and/or comments that improved the manuscript and numerous USDA Forest Service employees for data collection and stewardship. This research is a contribution of the USDA Forest Service PACFISH/INFISH Biological Opinion Effectiveness Monitoring Program, supported by USDA Forest Service Regions 1, 4 and 6, and numerous Bureau of Land Management Field Offices. N. H.-S. was supported in part by a Utah State University Presidential Fellowship during manuscript drafting and revision. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 EI 1535-1467 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 31 IS 9 BP 1151 EP 1165 DI 10.1002/rra.2815 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CV8KL UT WOS:000364533800010 ER PT J AU Meyers, MT Bahnson, CS Hanlon, M Kopral, C Srisinlapaudom, S Cochrane, ZN Sabas, CE Saiyasombat, R Burrough, ER Plummer, PJ O'Connor, AM Marshall, KL Blitvich, BJ AF Meyers, Matthew T. Bahnson, Charlie S. Hanlon, Michael Kopral, Christine Srisinlapaudom, Saengchan Cochrane, Zachary N. Sabas, Carlene E. Saiyasombat, Rungrat Burrough, Eric R. Plummer, Paul J. O'Connor, Annette M. Marshall, Katherine L. Blitvich, Bradley J. TI Management Factors Associated with Operation-Level Prevalence of Antibodies to Cache Valley Virus and Other Bunyamwera Serogroup Viruses in Sheep in the United States SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Orthobunyavirus; Bunyamwera serogroup; Cache Valley virus; Sheep; Risk factors ID IN-UTERO INOCULATION; WHITE-TAILED DEER; MAR-VA-PENINSULA; ANOPHELES-QUADRIMACULATUS; YUCATAN PENINSULA; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; POTOSI VIRUS; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; MAIN-DRAIN AB A cross-sectional study was performed to identify operation-level risk factors associated with prevalence of antibody to Bunyamwera (BUN) serogroup viruses in sheep in the United States. Sera were obtained from 5150 sheep in 270 operations located in 22 states (three in the west, nine central states, and 10 in the east) and tested at a dilution of 1:20 by a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) using Cache Valley virus (CVV). Antibodies that neutralized CVV were identified in 1455 (28%) sheep. Animal-level seroprevalence was higher in the east (49%) than the central (17%) and western (10%) states. A convenient subset (n=509) of sera with antibodies that neutralized CVV was titrated and further analyzed by PRNT using all six BUN serogroup viruses that occur in the United States: CVV, Lokern virus (LOKV), Main Drain virus (MDV), Northway virus (NORV), Potosi virus (POTV), and Tensaw virus (TENV). Antibodies to CVV and LOKV were identified in sheep in all three geographic regions; MDV and POTV activity was detected in the central and eastern states, NORV activity was restricted to the west, and antibodies to TENV were not detected in any sheep. Several management factors were significantly associated with the presence of antibodies to BUN serogroup viruses. For instance, sheep housed during the lambing season inside structures that contained four walls and a roof and a door closed most of the time were more likely to be seropositive than other sheep. In contrast, herded/open-range sheep were less likely to be seropositive than their counterparts. These data can be used by producers to implement strategies to reduce the likelihood of BUN serogroup virus infection and improve the health and management practices of sheep. C1 [Meyers, Matthew T.; Bahnson, Charlie S.; Hanlon, Michael; Srisinlapaudom, Saengchan; Cochrane, Zachary N.; Sabas, Carlene E.; Saiyasombat, Rungrat; Plummer, Paul J.; Blitvich, Bradley J.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kopral, Christine; Marshall, Katherine L.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Srisinlapaudom, Saengchan] Vet Res & Dev Ctr Western Reg, Ratchaburi, Thailand. [Burrough, Eric R.; Plummer, Paul J.; O'Connor, Annette M.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Vet & Diagnost Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Blitvich, BJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, 2116 Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM blitvich@iastate.edu RI O'Connor, Annette/E-5591-2010 OI O'Connor, Annette/0000-0003-0604-7822 FU Iowa Livestock Health Advisory Committee FX This study was supported by a grant from the Iowa Livestock Health Advisory Committee. The authors wish to thank the State and Federal personnel who visited sheep operations and collected the data and blood samples, and the sheep producers themselves who voluntarily participated in the study. The authors also thank Robert B. Tesh from the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Texas, for providing isolates of LOKV, MDV, NORV, POTV, and TENV. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 15 IS 11 BP 683 EP 693 DI 10.1089/vbz.2015.1810 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CV8NL UT WOS:000364544700008 PM 26565774 ER PT J AU Huang, YJS Harbin, JN Hettenbach, SM Maki, E Cohnstaedt, LW Barrett, ADT Higgs, S Vanlandingham, DL AF Huang, Yan-Jang S. Harbin, Julie N. Hettenbach, Susan M. Maki, Elin Cohnstaedt, Lee W. Barrett, Alan D. T. Higgs, Stephen Vanlandingham, Dana L. TI Susceptibility of a North American Culex quinquefasciatus to Japanese Encephalitis Virus SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Japanese encephalitis virus; North American Culex species mosquitoes; Vector competence ID TRANSMISSION; MOSQUITOS AB Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a flavivirus that is transmitted by Culex (Cx.) tritaeniorhynchus in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia. The endemic transmission cycle involves domestic pigs and avian species that serve as amplification hosts; humans are incidental hosts that cannot develop a high-titer viremia sufficient for mosquito infection. Although vaccination can be an effective strategy for disease prevention and is used extensively in multiple Asian countries, unvaccinated immunologically naive human populations can suffer from severe neurological sequelae. The potential introduction of JEV into North America would be a major threat to human and animal health. In this study, field-collected Cx. quinquefasciatus from Valdosta, Georgia, were tested for their susceptibility to JEV and their potential to develop a disseminated infection via per os infection. These results demonstrate that North American Cx. quinquefasciatus are susceptible to JEV infection and subsequent dissemination at 14 days post infection (d.p.i.). Detection of viral RNA in saliva from infected mosquitoes also indicates competent vectors for JEV can be found in North America. C1 [Huang, Yan-Jang S.; Harbin, Julie N.; Higgs, Stephen; Vanlandingham, Dana L.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Huang, Yan-Jang S.; Harbin, Julie N.; Hettenbach, Susan M.; Higgs, Stephen; Vanlandingham, Dana L.] Kansas State Univ, Biosecur Res Inst, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Maki, Elin; Cohnstaedt, Lee W.] ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Manhattan, KS USA. [Barrett, Alan D. T.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Barrett, Alan D. T.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. RP Vanlandingham, DL (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM dlvanlan@vet.ksu.edu FU National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility fund FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Mark Blackmore and Cameron C. Thomas at Valdosta State University for conducting the field collection. This research was performed at Kansas State's Biosecurity Research Institute ACL-3 insectaries and was supported by the National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility fund. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 15 IS 11 BP 709 EP 711 DI 10.1089/vbz.2015.1821 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CV8NL UT WOS:000364544700012 PM 26565775 ER PT J AU Coopersmith, EJ Cosh, MH Bindlish, R Bell, J AF Coopersmith, Evan J. Cosh, Michael H. Bindlish, Rajat Bell, Jesse TI Comparing AMSR-E soil moisture estimates to the extended record of the US Climate Reference Network (USCRN) SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Soil moisture; Remote sensing; LISCRN; AMSR-E ID ENVIRONMENT; VALIDATION AB Soil moisture plays an integral role in multi-scale hydrologic modeling, agricultural decision analysis, climate change assessments, and drought prediction/prevention. The broad availability of soil moisture estimates has only occurred within the past decade through a combination of in situ networks and satellite-driven remote sensing. The U.S. Climate Reference Network (USCRN) has provided a nationwide in sin: resource since 2009. The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E), launched in 2002, is one of the satellite products available for comparison, but there are a limited number of years where the data records overlap. This study compares the results of modeled historical soil moisture estimates derived using USCRN precipitation data to the remotely sensed estimates provided by the AMSR-E satellite between 2002 and 2011. First, this work assesses the calibrated model's similarity to in situ estimates. Next, the model estimates and in situ measurements are shown to perform comparably well against the AMSR-E satellite product, suggesting that it may be possible to utilize modeled estimates at times and locations where satellite estimates are unavailable and further extend the soil moisture record spatially and temporally. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Coopersmith, Evan J.; Cosh, Michael H.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bindlish, Rajat] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Bell, Jesse] Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA. RP Coopersmith, EJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ecooper2@gmail.com OI Coopersmith, Evan/0000-0002-6223-4828 FU NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites - North Carolina [NA09NES4400006]; NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program [NNH10ZDA001IN-THP] FX The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This work was supported by NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites - North Carolina under Cooperative Agreement NA09NES4400006. This work was also upported by the NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program (NNH10ZDA001IN-THP). NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 EI 1872-9657 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 85 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.09.003 PG 7 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA CU9GP UT WOS:000363853100006 ER PT J AU Kim, JA Jang, HJ Hwang, DH AF Kim, Jeong-a Jang, Hyun-Ju Hwang, Daniel H. TI Toll-like receptor 4-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to impairment of vasodilator action of insulin SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE endothelial dysfunction; TLR4; ER stress; insulin; nitric oxide ID VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; SATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; DIET-INDUCED OBESITY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CAPILLARY RECRUITMENT; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; GLUCOSE-UPTAKE; STIMULATED PRODUCTION AB Impairment of vasodilator action of insulin is associated with endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) induces proinflammatory response and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) activate TLR4, which induces ER stress and endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, we determined whether TLR4-mediated ER stress is an obligatory step mediating SFA-induced endothelial dysfunction. Palmitate stimulated proinflammatory responses and ER stress, and this was suppressed by knockdown of TLR4 in primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC). Next, we examined the role of TLR4 in vasodilatory responses in intact vessels isolated from wild-type (WT, C57BL/6) and TLR4-KO mice after feeding high-fat (HFD) or normal chow diet (NCD) for 12 wk. Arterioles isolated from HFD WT mice exhibited impaired insulin-stimulated vasodilation compared with arterioles isolated from NCD WT mice. Deficiency of TLR4 was protective from HFD-induced impairment of insulin-stimulated vasodilation. There were no differences in acetylcholine (Ach)- or sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-stimulated vasodilation between the two groups. Furthermore, we examined whether ER stress is involved in SFA-induced impairment of vasodilator actions of insulin. Infusion of palmitate showed the impairment of vasodilatory response to insulin, which was ameliorated by coinfusion with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress suppressor. Taken together, the results suggest that TLR4-induced ER stress may be an obligatory step mediating the SFA-mediated endothelial dysfunction. C1 [Kim, Jeong-a; Jang, Hyun-Ju] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Kim, Jeong-a] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Cell Dev & Integrat Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Kim, Jeong-a] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham Comprehens Diabet Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Hwang, Daniel H.] USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kim, JA (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM jakim@uab.edu FU American Diabetes Association [1-09-JF-33, 1-12-BS-99]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [P60 DK-079626]; USDA-ARS Program Project [5306-51530-017-00D]; USDA/NIFA competitive grant [2013-03477]; American Heart Association [13GRNT17220057]; UAB Comprehensive Diabetes Center FX This study was supported by the American Diabetes Association (1-09-JF-33, 1-12-BS-99 to J.-a. Kim American Heart Association (13GRNT17220057 to J. Kim), and UAB Diabetes Research Center sponsored pilot and feasibility program supported by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P60 DK-079626), and UAB Comprehensive Diabetes Center, and USDA-ARS Program Project (5306-51530-017-00D) and USDA/NIFA competitive grant (2013-03477 to D. H. Hwang). NR 68 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 EI 1522-1555 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 309 IS 9 BP E767 EP E776 DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00369.2015 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA CV2CU UT WOS:000364065300001 PM 26522062 ER PT J AU Lindquist, MR Lopez-Nunez, JC Jones, MA Cox, EJ Pinkelman, RJ Bang, SS Moser, BR Jackson, MA Iten, LB Kurtzman, CP Bischoff, KM Liu, SQ Qureshi, N Tasaki, K Rich, JO Cotta, MA Saha, BC Hughes, SR AF Lindquist, Mitch R. Lopez-Nunez, Juan Carlos Jones, Marjorie A. Cox, Elby J. Pinkelman, Rebecca J. Bang, Sookie S. Moser, Bryan R. Jackson, Michael A. Iten, Loren B. Kurtzman, Cletus P. Bischoff, Kenneth M. Liu, Siqing Qureshi, Nasib Tasaki, Kenneth Rich, Joseph O. Cotta, Michael A. Saha, Badal C. Hughes, Stephen R. TI Irradiation of Yarrowia lipolytica NRRL YB-567 creating novel strains with enhanced ammonia and oil production on protein and carbohydrate substrates SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Yarrowia lipolytica UV-C mutagenesis; Yarrowia protein utilization; Acylglycerols from oleaginous yeast; Yarrowia ammonia production; Yarrowia carbohydrate substrate utilization ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE STRAIN; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; LIPID PRODUCTION; VARIABLE-NUMBER; FATTY-ACIDS; XYLOSE UTILIZATION; EXPRESSION SYSTEM; OLEAGINOUS YEAST; ORGANIC-ACIDS; INDUSTRIAL AB Increased interest in sustainable production of renewable diesel and other valuable bioproducts is redoubling efforts to improve economic feasibility of microbial-based oil production. Yarrowia lipolytica is capable of employing a wide variety of substrates to produce oil and valuable co-products. We irradiated Y. lipolytica NRRL YB-567 with UV-C to enhance ammonia (for fertilizer) and lipid (for biodiesel) production on low-cost protein and carbohydrate substrates. The resulting strains were screened for ammonia and oil production using color intensity of indicators on plate assays. Seven mutant strains were selected (based on ammonia assay) and further evaluated for growth rate, ammonia and oil production, soluble protein content, and morphology when grown on liver infusion medium (without sugars), and for growth on various substrates. Strains were identified among these mutants that had a faster doubling time, produced higher maximum ammonia levels (enzyme assay) and more oil (Sudan Black assay), and had higher maximum soluble protein levels (Bradford assay) than wild type. When grown on plates with substrates of interest, all mutant strains showed similar results aerobically to wild-type strain. The mutant strain with the highest oil production and the fastest doubling time was evaluated on coffee waste medium. On this medium, the strain produced 0.12 g/L ammonia and 0.20 g/L 2-phenylethanol, a valuable fragrance/flavoring, in addition to acylglycerols (oil) containing predominantly C16 and C18 residues. These mutant strains will be investigated further for potential application in commercial biodiesel production. C1 [Lindquist, Mitch R.; Cox, Elby J.; Jackson, Michael A.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Liu, Siqing; Rich, Joseph O.; Hughes, Stephen R.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Lopez-Nunez, Juan Carlos] Cenicafe Natl Fed Coffee Growers Colombia FNC, Natl Coffee Res Ctr, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia. [Jones, Marjorie A.] Illinois State Univ, Dept Chem 4160, Normal, IL 61790 USA. [Pinkelman, Rebecca J.; Bang, Sookie S.] South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol Chem & Biol Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Moser, Bryan R.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Biooils Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Iten, Loren B.; Qureshi, Nasib; Cotta, Michael A.; Saha, Badal C.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kurtzman, Cletus P.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Tasaki, Kenneth] USMC Res & Innovat, Mitsubishi Chem, Redondo Beach, CA 90277 USA. RP Hughes, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCAUR, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM stephen.hughes@ars.usda.gov FU Organization of American States FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Organization of American States for the research on utilization of coffee waste. NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 EI 1432-0614 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 99 IS 22 BP 9723 EP 9743 DI 10.1007/s00253-015-6852-2 PG 21 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA CV0PB UT WOS:000363951800034 PM 26272089 ER PT J AU Walser, RD Garvert, DW Karlin, BE Trockel, M Ryu, DM Taylor, CB AF Walser, Robyn D. Garvert, Donn W. Karlin, Bradley E. Trockel, Mickey Ryu, Danielle M. Taylor, C. Barr TI Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in treating depression and suicidal ideation in Veterans SO BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY LA English DT Article DE Acceptance and Commitment Therapy; Suicide ideation; Depression; Veterans ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FACET MINDFULNESS QUESTIONNAIRE; PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES; COGNITIVE THERAPY; SELF-REPORT; PREVENTION; IMPLEMENTATION; INVENTORY; OUTCOMES; MODEL AB Objective: This paper examines the effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for depression (ACT-D), and the specific effects of experiential acceptance and mindfulness, in reducing suicidal ideation (SI) and depression among Veterans. Method: Patients included 981 Veterans, 76% male, mean age 50.5 years. Depression severity and SI were assessed using the BDI-II. Experiential acceptance and mindfulness were measured with the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II) and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, respectively. Results: Of the 981 patients, 647 (66.0%) completed 10 or more sessions or finished early due to symptom relief. For Veterans with SI at baseline, mean BDI-II score decreased from 33.5 to 22.9. For Veterans with no SI at baseline, mean BDI-II score decreased from 26.3 to 15.9. Mixed models with repeated measurement indicated a significant reduction in depression severity from baseline to final assessment (b = -10.52, p <.001). After adjusting for experiential acceptance and mindfulness, patients with SI at baseline demonstrated significantly greater improvement in depression severity during ACT-D treatment, relative to patients with no SI at baseline (b = -2.81, p =.001). Furthermore, increases in experiential acceptance and mindfulness scores across time were associated with a reduction in depression severity across time (b = -0.44, p <.001 and b = -0.09, p <.001, respectfully), and the attenuating effect of mindfulness on depression severity increased across time (b = -0.05, p =.042). Increases in experiential acceptance scores across time were associated with lower odds of SI across time (odds ratio = 0.97, 95% CI [0.95, 0.991, p =.016) and the attenuating effect of experiential acceptance on SI increased across time (odds ratio = 0.96, 95% CI [0.92, 0.99], p =.023). Overall the number of patients with no SI increased from 44.5% at baseline to 65% at follow-up. Conclusions: Veterans receiving ACT-D demonstrated decreased depression severity and decreased odds of SI during treatment. Increases in experiential acceptance and mindfulness scores were associated with reduction in depression severity across time and increases in experiential acceptance scores were associated with reductions in SI across time. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Walser, Robyn D.; Garvert, Donn W.] Vet Affairs Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Natl Ctr PTSD, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Walser, Robyn D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Psychol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Karlin, Bradley E.] Mental Hlth Serv, USDA, Cent Off, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Karlin, Bradley E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Trockel, Mickey; Ryu, Danielle M.; Taylor, C. Barr] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Trockel, Mickey; Ryu, Danielle M.; Taylor, C. Barr] Vet Affairs Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Educ & Clin Ctr, VISN Mental Illness Res 21, Palo Alto, CA USA. RP Walser, RD (reprint author), VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Natl Ctr PTSD, NCPTSD 334, 795 Willow Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94804 USA. EM robyn.walser@va.gov FU Mental Health Services, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Central Office FX This project was supported by Mental Health Services, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Central Office. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0005-7967 EI 1873-622X J9 BEHAV RES THER JI Behav. Res. Ther. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 74 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.brat.2015.08.012 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA CV4XI UT WOS:000364269400004 PM 26378720 ER PT J AU McManamay, RA Peoples, BK Orth, DJ Dolloff, CA Matthews, DC AF McManamay, Ryan A. Peoples, Brandon K. Orth, Donald J. Dolloff, Charles A. Matthews, David C. TI Isolating causal pathways between flow and fish in the regulated river hierarchy SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; MODIFYING DAM OPERATIONS; UNITED-STATES; STREAM FISHES; POPULATION REGULATION; ECOLOGICAL RESPONSES; ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS; ASSEMBLAGE RESPONSE; HABITAT USE; REGIMES AB Unregulated river systems are organized in a hierarchy in which large-scale factors (i.e., landscape and segment scales) influence local habitats (i.e., reach, meso-, and microhabitat scales), and both differentially exert selective pressures on biota. Dams, however, create discontinua in these processes and change the hierarchical structure. We examined the relative roles of hydrology and other instream factors, within a hierarchical landscape context, in organizing fish communities in regulated and unregulated tributaries to the Upper Tennessee River, USA. We used multivariate regression trees to identify factors that partition fish assemblages based on trait similarities, irrespective of spatial scale. We then used classical path analysis and structural equation modeling to evaluate the most plausible hierarchical causal structure of specific trait-based community components, given the data. Both statistical approaches suggested that river regulation affects stream fishes through a variety of reach-scale variables, not always through hydrology itself. Although we observed different changes in flow, temperature, and biotic responses according to regulation types, the most predominant path in which dam regulation affected biota was via temperature alterations. Diversion dams had the strongest effects on fish assemblages. Diversion dams reduced flow magnitudes, leading to declines in fish richness but increased temperatures, leading to lower abundances in equilibrium species and nest guarders. Peaking and run-of-river dams increased flow variability, leading to lower abundances in nest-guarding fishes. Flow displayed direct relationships with biotic responses; however, results indicated that changes in temperature and substrate had equal, if not stronger, effects on fish assemblage composition. The strength and nature of relationships depended on whether flow metrics were standardized for river size. We suggest that restoration efforts in regulated rivers focus on improving flow conditions in conjunction with temperature and substrate restoration. C1 [McManamay, Ryan A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Peoples, Brandon K.; Orth, Donald J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dolloff, Charles A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Matthews, David C.] Tennessee Valley Author, Knoxville, TN 37902 USA. RP McManamay, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008 MS6351, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mcmanamayra@ornl.gov OI Orth, Donald/0000-0002-9236-0147 FU Cheoah Fund Board; USDA Forest Service; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was funded by the Cheoah Fund Board, a multiagency collaboration between Alcoa Power, USDA Forest Service, US Fish and Wildlife Service, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, and the NC Division of Water Resources-DENR, and by other grants provided by the USDA Forest Service. We are thankful for the valuable input from Paul Angermeier and Emmanuel Frimpong on earlier versions of this work. In addition, we thank Charles Saylor for his comments concerning fish assemblage sampling procedures. We also thank Tyler Young, Toby Coyner, David Belkoski, and Adam Hart for their assistance with field work. This manuscript has been authored by an employee of UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy. The publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). NR 95 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 34 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 72 IS 11 BP 1731 EP 1748 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2015-0227 PG 18 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CV2RL UT WOS:000364104300012 ER PT J AU Brown, PM Battaglia, MA Fornwalt, PJ Gannon, B Huckaby, LS Julian, C Cheng, AS AF Brown, Peter M. Battaglia, Michael A. Fornwalt, Paula J. Gannon, Benjamin Huckaby, Laurie S. Julian, Chad Cheng, Antony S. TI Historical (1860) forest structure in ponderosa pine forests of the northern Front Range, Colorado SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ecological restoration; ponderosa pine; dendrochronology; stand structure; spatial pattern ID SPATIAL-PATTERNS; FIRE REGIMES; LANDSCAPE RESTORATION; BLACK-HILLS; RESILIENCE; ECOSYSTEMS; SEVERITY; AMERICA; CLIMATE; MEXICO AB Management of many dry conifer forests in western North America is focused on promoting resilience to future wildfires, climate change, and land use impacts through restoration of historical patterns of forest structure and disturbance processes. Historical structural data provide models for past resilient conditions that inform the design of silvicultural treatments and help to assess the success of treatments at achieving desired conditions. We used dendrochronological data to reconstruct nonspatial and spatial forest structure at 1860 in fourteen 0.5 ha plots in lower elevation (similar to 1900-2100 m) ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P. Lawson & C. Lawson) forests across two study areas in northern Colorado. Fires recorded by trees in two or more plots from 1667 to 1859 occurred, on average, every 8-15 years depending on scale of analysis. The last fire recorded in two or more plots occurred in 1859. Reconstructed 1860 stand structures were very diverse, with tree densities ranging from 0 to 320 trees.ha(-1), basal areas ranging from 0.0 to 17.1m(2).ha(-1), and quadratic mean diameters ranging from 0.0 to 57.5 cm. All trees in 1860 were ponderosa pine. Trees were significantly aggregated in 62% of plots in which spatial patterns could be estimated, with 10% to 90% of trees mainly occurring in groups of two to eight (maximum, 26). Current stands based on living trees with a diameter at breast height of >= 4 cm are more dense (range, 175-1010 trees.ha(-1)) with generally increased basal areas (4.4 to 23.1 m(2).ha(-1)) and smaller trees (quadratic mean diameters ranging from 15.7 to 28.2 cm) and contain greater proportions of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.). This is the first study to provide detailed quantitative metrics to guide restoration prescription development, implementation, and evaluation in these and similar ponderosa pine forests in northern Colorado. C1 [Brown, Peter M.] Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Battaglia, Michael A.; Fornwalt, Paula J.; Huckaby, Laurie S.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Gannon, Benjamin; Cheng, Antony S.] Colorado State Univ, Colorado Forest Restorat Inst, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Julian, Chad] Colorado State Univ, Ctr Managing WUI Wildfire Risk, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Brown, PM (reprint author), Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res, 2901 Moore Lane, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM pmb@rmtrr.org RI Cheng, Antony/N-9538-2015 OI Cheng, Antony/0000-0002-0977-0381 FU Boulder County Parks and Open Space; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Colorado Forest Restoration Institute at Colorado State University; Rocky Mountain Tree-Ring Research FX For help in the field, we thank Brady Adams, Rob Addington, Baxter Brown, Josh Howie, Blaine Lemanski, Jason Martin, Jed Meunier, Nick Stremel, Chris Wanner, John Womack, Ben Wudtke, Boulder County Parks and Open Space staff members, City of Boulder staff members, and members of the Front Range Roundtable Science and Monitoring Team. We thank Thomas Veblen and two anonymous reviewers for comments that helped to improve the interpretations of the study. Funding was provided by Boulder County Parks and Open Space, USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Colorado Forest Restoration Institute at Colorado State University, and Rocky Mountain Tree-Ring Research. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 14 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 45 IS 11 BP 1462 EP 1473 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2014-0387 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV0KF UT WOS:000363938900003 ER PT J AU Dudley, MM Negron, J Tisserat, NA Shepperd, WD Jacobi, WR AF Dudley, M. M. Negron, J. Tisserat, N. A. Shepperd, W. D. Jacobi, W. R. TI Influence of climate on the growth of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) in Colorado and southern Wyoming SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aspen; Populus tremuloides; drought; increment; mortality ID RADIAL GROWTH; SOUTHWESTERN COLORADO; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NORTHERN ICELAND; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; TREE-RINGS; DROUGHT; FOREST; USA; PRODUCTIVITY AB We analyzed a series of increment cores collected from 260 adult dominant or co-dominant quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) trees from national forests across Colorado and southern Wyoming in 2009 and 2010. Half of the cores were collected from trees in stands with a high amount of crown dieback, and half were from lightly damaged stands. We define the level of stand damage based on stand survey data in which lightly damaged stands had average crown dieback of 16% and heavily damaged stands averaged 41%. Upon analysis, two-thirds of the cores collected did not exhibit radial growth correlated with region-wide patterns (e.g., climate) and were classified as having a low cohesive response. The site variable most predictive of whether a stand exhibited high cohesive response or low cohesive response was site elevation, followed by aspect, slope, and canopy closure. Sites with high cohesive response stands were more likely to have aspen bark beetle damage, white rot, and Cryptosphaeria canker. We did not detect relationships between tree growth and summer precipitation from 1900-2008, but there was a relationship between growth and annual precipitation. A growth model included maximum May and July temperatures, as well as the current and previous year's annual precipitation. C1 [Dudley, M. M.; Tisserat, N. A.; Jacobi, W. R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Negron, J.; Shepperd, W. D.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Dudley, MM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM meg.dudley@rams.colostate.edu NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 21 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 45 IS 11 BP 1546 EP 1563 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2015-0092 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV0KF UT WOS:000363938900011 ER PT J AU Sanderson, MA Liebig, MA Hendrickson, JR Kronberg, SL Toledo, D Derner, JD Reeves, JL AF Sanderson, M. A. Liebig, M. A. Hendrickson, J. R. Kronberg, S. L. Toledo, D. Derner, J. D. Reeves, J. L. TI Long-term agroecosystem research on northern Great Plains mixed-grass prairie near Mandan, North Dakota SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Climate variability; grazing management; semiarid rangeland; Long-term Agro-Ecosystem Research (LTAR) Network; National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON); northern mixed-grass prairie ID RADIOMETRIC REFLECTANCE MEASUREMENTS; STIPA-BOUTELOUA PRAIRIE; CARBON-DIOXIDE FLUXES; MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION; GRAZING MANAGEMENT; PLANT BIODIVERSITY; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; FESCUE GRASSLAND; SOIL PROPERTIES AB In 1915, a stocking rate experiment was started on 101 ha of native mixed-grass prairie at the Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory (NGPRL) near Mandan, ND (100.9132N, 46.7710W). Here, we document the origin, evolution, and scientific outcomes from this long-term experiment. Four pastures of 12.1, 20.2, 28.3, and 40.5 ha were laid out and stocked continuously from May until October with 2-yr-old or yearling beef steers at four rates [initially 0.98, 1.39, 1.83, and 2.4 animal unit months ha(-1)]. The experiment generated some of the first information on the resilience of mixed-grass prairie to grazing and drought and relationships of livestock productivity to soil moisture for predictive purposes. After 1945, the experiment was reduced to the light and heavy stocking rate pastures only, which have been managed and grazed in approximately the same manner to the present day. The pastures were used to assess responses of vegetation to fertilizer in the 1950s and 1960s, develop grazing readiness tools in the 1990s, and assess remote sensing technologies in the 2000s. The long-term pastures currently serve as a unique resource to address contemporary questions dealing with drought, soil quality, carbon dynamics, greenhouse gas emissions, invasive species, and climate change. C1 [Sanderson, M. A.; Liebig, M. A.; Hendrickson, J. R.; Kronberg, S. L.; Toledo, D.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Derner, J. D.; Reeves, J. L.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Sanderson, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM matt.sanderson@ars.usda.gov NR 84 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 32 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 280 ALBERT ST, SUITE 900, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5G8, CANADA SN 0008-4220 EI 1918-1833 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 95 IS 6 BP 1101 EP 1116 DI 10.4141/CJPS-2015-117 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CV3IW UT WOS:000364153900004 ER PT J AU Lemaire, G Gastal, F Franzluebbers, A Chabbi, A AF Lemaire, Gilles Gastal, Francois Franzluebbers, Alan Chabbi, Abad TI Grassland-Cropping Rotations: An Avenue for Agricultural Diversification to Reconcile High Production with Environmental Quality SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Grassland ecosystem; Biogeochemical cycles; Sod-based rotations; Environmental emissions; Biodiversity; Landscape ecology; Integrated crop-livestock systems ID BUSTARD TETRAX-TETRAX; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; CYST NEMATODES; GREAT-PLAINS; ROOT-KNOT; MANAGEMENT; CORN AB A need to increase agricultural production across the world to ensure continued food security appears to be at odds with the urgency to reduce the negative environmental impacts of intensive agriculture. Around the world, intensification has been associated with massive simplification and uniformity at all levels of organization, i.e., field, farm, landscape, and region. Therefore, we postulate that negative environmental impacts of modern agriculture are due more to production simplification than to inherent characteristics of agricultural productivity. Thus by enhancing diversity within agricultural systems, it should be possible to reconcile high quantity and quality of food production with environmental quality. Intensification of livestock and cropping systems separately within different specialized regions inevitably leads to unacceptable environmental impacts because of the overly uniform land use system in intensive cereal areas and excessive N-P loads in intensive animal areas. The capacity of grassland ecosystems to couple C and N cycles through microbial-soil-plant interactions as a way for mitigating the environmental impacts of intensive arable cropping system was analyzed in different management options: grazing, cutting, and ley duration, in order to minimize trade-offs between production and the environment. We suggest that integrated crop-livestock systems are an appropriate strategy to enhance diversity. Sod-based rotations can temporally and spatially capture the benefits of leys for minimizing environmental impacts, while still maintaining periods and areas of intensive cropping. Long-term experimental results illustrate the potential of such systems to sequester C in soil and to reduce and control N emissions to the atmosphere and hydrosphere. C1 [Lemaire, Gilles; Gastal, Francois; Chabbi, Abad] INRA UR4, P3F, F-86600 Lusignan, France. [Gastal, Francois] INRA UE1373, FERLUS, F-86600 Lusignan, France. [Franzluebbers, Alan] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Chabbi, Abad] UPMC, CNRS, INRA, IEES,UPEC,IRD,UMR 7618, Thiverval Grignon, France. RP Lemaire, G (reprint author), INRA UR4, P3F, F-86600 Lusignan, France. EM gilles.lemaire.inra@gmail.com NR 119 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 11 U2 64 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1065 EP 1077 DI 10.1007/s00267-015-0561-6 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CU7KY UT WOS:000363718100004 PM 26070897 ER PT J AU Podadera, DS Engel, VL Parrotta, JA Machado, DL Sato, LM Durigan, G AF Podadera, Diego S. Engel, Vera L. Parrotta, John A. Machado, Deivid L. Sato, Luciane M. Durigan, Giselda TI Influence of Removal of a Non-native Tree Species Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. on the Regenerating Plant Communities in a Tropical Semideciduous Forest Under Restoration in Brazil SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Adaptive management; Atlantic forest; Seasonal semideciduous forest; Ecological restoration; Natural regeneration; Thinning ID ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; CARIBBEAN PINE; NURSE PLANTS; LEGUME TREES; RECRUITMENT; DISTURBANCE; DIVERSITY; RICHNESS; LITTER AB Exotic species are used to trigger facilitation in restoration plantings, but this positive effect may not be permanent and these species may have negative effects later on. Since such species can provide a marketable product (firewood), their harvest may represent an advantageous strategy to achieve both ecological and economic benefits. In this study, we looked at the effect of removal of a non-native tree species (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia) on the understory of a semideciduous forest undergoing restoration. We assessed two 14-year-old plantation systems (modified "taungya" agroforestry system; and mixed plantation using commercial timber and firewood tree species) established at two sites with contrasting soil properties in So Paulo state, Brazil. The experimental design included randomized blocks with split plots. The natural regeneration of woody species (height a parts per thousand yen0.2 m) was compared between managed (all M. caesalpiniifolia trees removed) and unmanaged plots during the first year after the intervention. The removal of M. caesalpiniifolia increased species diversity but decreased stand basal area. Nevertheless, the basal area loss was recovered after 1 year. The management treatment affected tree species regeneration differently between species groups. The results of this study suggest that removal of M. caesalpiniifolia benefited the understory and possibly accelerated the succession process. Further monitoring studies are needed to evaluate the longer term effects on stand structure and composition. The lack of negative effects of tree removal on the natural regeneration indicates that such interventions can be recommended, especially considering the expectations of economic revenues from tree harvesting in restoration plantings. C1 [Podadera, Diego S.; Engel, Vera L.; Machado, Deivid L.; Sato, Luciane M.] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Sch Agr Sci FCA, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Parrotta, John A.] USDA, Res & Dev, Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Durigan, Giselda] Forestry Inst Sao Paulo State, Assis State Forest, Assis, SP, Brazil. RP Podadera, DS (reprint author), Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Sch Agr Sci FCA, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. EM diegopodadera@gmail.com RI Engel, Vera/B-8457-2012; Podadera, Diego/C-9010-2014 OI Engel, Vera/0000-0001-5806-2544; Podadera, Diego/0000-0002-1381-6645 FU National Council of Research and Technology (CNPq) [561771/2010-3]; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) FX We thank the National Council of Research and Technology (CNPq) for their financial support through the Project "Manejar e preciso" (Grant # 561771/2010-3) and for the Research Productivity fellowship to G. D. and V. L. E. First author was granted with a master's scholarship from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES). We thank all the students of the Laboratory of Ecology and Forest Restoration of Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) and staff of the School of Agricultural Sciences (FCA) for field assistance, and in particular Aparecido Agostinho Arruda. We also are grateful to Dr. Luzia Aparecida Trinca and Danilo Scorzoni Re for valuable assistance in statistical analyses. We thank two anonymous reviewers for making important suggestions to improve the manuscript. NR 65 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1148 EP 1158 DI 10.1007/s00267-015-0560-7 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CU7KY UT WOS:000363718100010 PM 26105971 ER PT J AU Mayers, CG Mcnew, DL Harrington, TC Roeper, RA Fraedrich, SW Biedermann, PHW Castrillo, LA Reed, SE AF Mayers, Chase G. Mcnew, Douglas L. Harrington, Thomas C. Roeper, Richard A. Fraedrich, Stephen W. Biedermann, Peter H. W. Castrillo, Louela A. Reed, Sharon E. TI Three genera in the Ceratocystidaceae are the respective symbionts of three independent lineages of ambrosia beetles with large, complex mycangia SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ambrosia fungi; Scolytinae; Symbiosis ID CURCULIONIDAE SCOLYTINAE XYLEBORINI; CORTHYLUS-COLUMBIANUS COLEOPTERA; XYLOSANDRUS-MUTILATUS COLEOPTERA; GNATHOTRICHUS RETUSUS; XYLOTERINUS-POLITUS; MESONOTAL-MYCANGIUM; MICROBIAL TRANSPORT; WILT PATHOGEN; UNITED-STATES; BARK BEETLES AB The genus Ambrosiella accommodates species of Ceratocystidaceae (Microascales) that are obligate, mutualistic symbionts of ambrosia beetles, but the genus appears to be polyphyletic and more diverse than previously recognized. In addition to Ambrosiella xylebori, Ambrosiella hartigii, Ambrosiella beaveri, and Ambrosiella roeperi, three new species of Ambrosiella are described from the ambrosia beetle tribe Xyleborini: Ambrosiella nakashimae sp. nov. from Xylosandrus amputatus, Ambrosiella batrae sp. nov. from Anisandrus sayi, and Ambrosiella grosmanniae sp. nov. from Xylosandrus germanus. The genus Meredithiella gen. nov. is created for symbionts of the tribe Corthylini, based on Meredithiella norrisii sp. nov. from Corthylus punctatissimus. The genus Phialophoropsis is resurrected to accommodate associates of the Xyloterini, including Phialophoropsis trypodendri from Trypodendron scabricollis and Phialophoropsis ferruginea comb. nov. from Trypodendron lineatum. Each of the ten named species was distinguished by ITS rDNA barcoding and morphology, and the ITS rDNA sequences of four other putative species were obtained with Ceratocystidaceae-specific primers and template DNA extracted from beetles or galleries. These results support the hypothesis that each ambrosia beetle species with large, complex mycangia carries its own fungal symbiont. Conidiophore morphology and phylogenetic analyses using 18S (SSU) rDNA and TEF1a DNA sequences suggest that these three fungal genera within the Ceratocystidaceae independently adapted to symbiosis with the three respective beetle tribes. In turn, the beetle genera with large, complex mycangia appear to have evolved from other genera in their respective tribes that have smaller, less selective mycangia and are associated with Raffaelea spp. (Ophiostomatales). (C) 2015 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mayers, Chase G.; Mcnew, Douglas L.; Harrington, Thomas C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Roeper, Richard A.] Alma Coll, Dept Biol, Alma, MI 48801 USA. [Fraedrich, Stephen W.] Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Biedermann, Peter H. W.] Max Planck Inst Chem Ecol, Res Grp Insect Symbiosis, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Castrillo, Louela A.] Cornell Univ, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Reed, Sharon E.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Harrington, TC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, 351 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tcharrin@iastate.edu RI Biedermann, Peter/E-3641-2013 OI Biedermann, Peter/0000-0003-4234-5659 FU Office of Biotechnology, Iowa State University; Swiss National Science Foundation [P300P3_151134]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (IEF) [626279]; German Entomological Society (DGaaE); U.S. Forest Service [12-CA-11330151-055, 14-DG-11083150-032] FX The technical assistance of Caroline Wuest, Rodrigo de Freitas, Yeganeh Gharabigloozare, and Susan Best is greatly appreciated. We thank Doug LeDoux, Robbie Doerhoff, Tom Eager, Thomas Atkinson, Garret Dubois, John Lundquist, Scott Cameron, Mark Bunce, and Lennart van de Peppel for providing beetles or fungal cultures, and Anthony Cognato for identifying beetle specimens. We are grateful to the Forstamt Jena-Holzland (Germany), the Burgergemeinde Bern (Switzerland) and the national park Gesause (Austria) for collection permits at their properties. Chase Mayers was supported in part by a fellowship from the Office of Biotechnology, Iowa State University. Peter Biedermann was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (P300P3_151134), by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (IEF) (Project Number 626279) and a field collection grant by the German Entomological Society (DGaaE). Other financial support was provided by cooperative agreements 12-CA-11330151-055 and 14-DG-11083150-032 with the U.S. Forest Service. NR 100 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 EI 1878-6162 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 119 IS 11 BP 1075 EP 1092 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.08.002 PG 18 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA CV4VE UT WOS:000364263800010 PM 26466881 ER PT J AU Runa, F Carbone, I Bhatnagar, D Payne, GA AF Runa, Farhana Carbone, Ignazio Bhatnagar, Deepak Payne, Gary A. TI Nuclear heterogeneity in conidial populations of Aspergillus flavus SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Heterokaryosis; Ploidy; Heterokaryon; Diploid; A. flavus; Fluorescence microscopy; Flow cytometry ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION; GENETIC ISOLATION; A-TAMARII; ORYZAE; RECOMBINATION; PARASITICUS; ASSOCIATION; MORPHOLOGY; DIVERSITY AB Aspergillus flavus is a major producer of aflatoxin and an opportunistic pathogen for a wide range of hosts. Understanding genotypic and phenotypic variation within strains of A. flavus is important for controlling disease and reducing aflatoxin contamination. A. flavus is multinucleate and predominantly haploid (n) and homokaryotic. Although cryptic heterokaryosis may occur in nature, it is unclear how nuclei in A. flavus influence genetic heterogeneity and if nuclear condition plays a role in fungal ecology. A. flavus mainly reproduces asexually by producing conidia. In order to observe whether conidia are homokaryotic or heterokaryotic, we labeled nuclei of A. flavus using two different nuclear localized fluorescent reporters. The reporter constructs (pYH2A and pCH2B), encode histones HH2A and HH2B fused at the C terminus with either yellow (EYFP) or cyan (ECFP) fluorescent proteins, respectively. The constructs were transformed into the double auxotrophic strain AFC-1 (-pyrG, -argD) to generate a strain containing each reporter construct. By taking advantage of the nutritional requirement for each strain, we were able to generate fusants between FR36 (-argD) expressing yellow fluorescence, and FR46 (-pyr4) expressing cyan fluorescence. Conidia from fusants between FR36 and FR46 showed three types of fluorescence: only EYFP, only ECFP or both EYFP + ECFP. Conidia containing nuclei expressing EYFP + ECFP were separated by Fluorescence-Activated Cell sorting (FACS) and were found to contain both yellow and cyan fluorescent markers in the same nucleus. Further characterization of conidia having only one nucleus but expressing both EYFP + ECFP fluorescence were found to be diploid (2n). Our findings suggest that A. flavus maintains nuclear heterogeneity in conidial populations. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Runa, Farhana; Carbone, Ignazio; Payne, Gary A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ctr Integrated Fungal Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Bhatnagar, Deepak] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Runa, F (reprint author), Calif State Univ Northridge, 18411 Plummer St,Unit 5, Northridge, CA 91325 USA. EM fruna2014@gmail.com FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competition Grant from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65108-20567] FX The project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competition Grant No. 2010-65108-20567 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Special acknowledgement to Christine Rech, Ines Engh and Ulrich kuck, Germany, for providing pYH2A and pCH2B plasmids. We would like to thank Dr. Laura Mathies, Assistant Professor, North Carolina State University (NCSU) and Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), for use of fluorescence microscopy facility and assistance in observation of expression of ECFP and EYFP. Also, we would like to thank Janet Dow, Research Specialist and Manager, FlowCytometry and Cell Sorting Facility, NCSU, for providing technical assistance in FACS analysis. We also acknowledge Mr. Gerg O'Brian for his critical reviews for our manuscript. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 EI 1096-0937 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 84 BP 62 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.09.003 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA CV4UX UT WOS:000364263100007 PM 26362651 ER PT J AU Ohno, KM Clausen, CA Green, F Diehl, SV AF Ohno, Katie M. Clausen, Carol A. Green, Frederick, III Diehl, Susan V. TI Insights into the mechanism of copper-tolerance in Fibroporia radiculosa: The biosynthesis of oxalate SO INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE Copper-tolerance; Brown-rot decay; Oxalate; Fibroporia; Antrodia; Gene expression ID BROWN-ROT FUNGI; OXALIC-ACID PRODUCTION; WOOD-ROTTING FUNGI; FOMITOPSIS-PALUSTRIS; PRESERVATIVES; GLYOXYLATE; EXPOSURE AB Copper is currently used as the key component in wood preservatives despite the known tolerance of many brown-rot Basidiomycetes. Copper-tolerant fungi, like Fibroporia radiculosa, produce and accumulate high levels of oxalate when exposed to copper. To gain insight into the mechanism of oxalate production, four F. radiculosa isolates decaying untreated and 1.2% ammoniacal copper citrate-treated wood were evaluated for the differential expression of citrate synthase, isocitrate lyase, glyoxylate dehydrogenase, a succinate/fumarate antiporter, and a copper resistance-associated ATPase pump. Samples were analyzed at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks for oxalate production and gene expression. ATPase pump expression increased in the presence of copper when initial oxalate concentrations were low, suggesting it functions in helping the fungus adapt to the copper-rich environment by pumping toxic copper ions out of the cell. A connection in expression levels between citrate synthase, the succinate/fumarate antiporter isocitrate lyase, and glyoxylate dehydrogenase for the four isolates was found suggesting the production of oxalate originates in the mitochondrial TCA cycle via citrate synthase, shunts to the glyoxysomal glyoxylate cycle via the succinate/fumarate antiporter, moves through a portion of the glyoxylate cycle (isocitrate lyase), and ultimately is made in the cytoplasm (gyloxylate dehydrogenase). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ohno, Katie M.; Clausen, Carol A.; Green, Frederick, III] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Diehl, Susan V.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forest Prod, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RP Ohno, KM (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM kohno@fs.fed.us NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0964-8305 EI 1879-0208 J9 INT BIODETER BIODEGR JI Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 105 BP 90 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.08.016 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4VJ UT WOS:000364264300012 ER PT J AU Richter, DL Glaeser, JA AF Richter, Dana L. Glaeser, Jessie A. TI Wood decay by Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Nyl.) Kanouse (Helotiales, Leotiaceae) and associated basidiomycete fungi SO INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE Chlorociboria aeruginascens; Green stain; Wood decay; Soft rot; Axenic culture; Ascomycetes; Basidiomycetes; Co-inoculation AB Two isolates of Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Nyl.) Kanouse incubated axenically on aspen wood blocks resulted in 18% and 32% mass loss after 134 wks (2 yrs 8 mo). Aspen wood decayed by C. aeruginascens contained cavities in the S2 layer of the secondary cell wall, similar to Type I soft rot attack, as well as erosion troughs and overall thinning and erosion of wood cell walls, resembling decay by Type II soft rot fungi. Using a selective medium, basidiomycete fungi were isolated from 9 of 17 samples of wood from a variety of tree species colonized and stained by chlorociboria sp. (putatively C aeruginascens) in a mixed hardwood forest from northern North America. Basidiomycete fungi were identified by ITS sequencing and cultural tests and were shown to be predominantly species of common white rot fungi. In axenic decay tests with aspen blocks, basidiomycete isolates caused mass losses in the range of 10%-50% after 26 wks incubation. Decay tests in which a basidiomycete isolate was co-inoculated with an isolate of C. aeruginascens did not differ significantly (p < 0.05) in mass loss from those caused by the respective basidiomycete alone. Results suggest that decay of wood colonized by C aeruginascens is principally caused by white rot fungi and is neither enhanced nor inhibited by the presence of C aeruginascens. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Richter, Dana L.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Glaeser, Jessie A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Glaeser, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dlrichte@mtu.edu; jglaeser@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service FX The authors thank John Haight (Forest Products Laboratory) and Dr. Andrew Minnis (University of Wisconsin-Madison) for assistance with DNA isolation and identification of basidiomycete isolates to species. Drs. Robert Blanchette (University of Minnesota) and Kevin T. Smith (U.S. Forest Service) provided helpful critiques of the manuscript. This project was supported by funds from the US Forest Service. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0964-8305 EI 1879-0208 J9 INT BIODETER BIODEGR JI Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 105 BP 239 EP 244 DI 10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.09.008 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4VJ UT WOS:000364264300030 ER PT J AU Hakkak, R Zeng, HW Dhakal, IB Korourian, S AF Hakkak, Reza Zeng, Huawei Dhakal, Ishwori B. Korourian, Soheila TI Short- and Long-Term Soy Diet Versus Casein Protects Liver Steatosis Independent of the Arginine Content SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD LA English DT Article DE arginine; liver steatosis; obesity; soy protein isolate; Zucker rats ID OBESE ZUCKER RATS; REDUCES FATTY LIVER; NITRIC-OXIDE; HEPATIC STEATOSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MAMMARY-TUMORS; MESSENGER-RNA; SERUM-LIPIDS; FA/FA RATS; ISOFLAVONES AB Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a major cause of abnormal liver function, is often associated with obesity. Arginine (ARG) plays a role in modulating body weight/fat, but limited data exist as to the role of ARG in soy protein's ability to protect from liver steatosis. We investigated the role of native ARG in the soy protein isolate (SPI) in reducing liver steatosis in male obese Zucker rats. Rats (N=48; 6 weeks old) were randomly assigned to one of three diets for 8 or 16 weeks: the casein (CAS) diet as control (0.6% ARG), CAS diet supplemented to contain 1.3% ARG, or an SPI diet containing isoflavones (1.3% ARG). SPI and ARG rats gained significantly more weight (P<.05) than CAS rats after 16 weeks only. The SPI rats had lower liver steatosis scores after 8 and 16 weeks (P<.05 and P<.001, respectively) compared to CAS and ARG rats. SPI rats had lower serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels (P<.05) compared to CAS after 16 weeks, and AST was lower (P<.05) compared to ARG rats. After 16 weeks, the SPI rats had lower (P<.05) serum ALT and AST levels than at 8 weeks. Our results suggest that a longer period of SPI feeding results in lower liver steatosis and serum ALT and AST levels, while the ARG diet had no effect on steatosis or ALT and AST levels. We found that the SPI diet reduced (P<.001) serum tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) compared to CAS and ARG diets after 8 and 16 weeks. The SPI diet significantly reduced (P<.001) interleukin-6 (IL-6) when compared to the CAS diet at 8 weeks, but there was no significant difference at 16 weeks. Based on the findings of our study, the protective effect of SPI in reducing liver steatosis is not modulated by its native arginine content. C1 [Hakkak, Reza] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Nutr & Dietet, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Hakkak, Reza] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Dhakal, Ishwori B.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Biostat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Korourian, Soheila] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pathol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Hakkak, Reza] Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. [Zeng, Huawei] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. RP Hakkak, R (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Nutr & Dietet, 4301 W Markham St,Mail Slot 627, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. EM hakkakreza@uams.edu FU Arkansas Biosciences Institute FX This study was supported by a grant from the Arkansas Biosciences Institute. The authors wish to thank Phaedra Yount, John Gregan, and Heather Johnston for valuable assistance in preparation of this article. DuPont Nutrition & Health provided the soy protein isolate used to prepare the diets. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1096-620X EI 1557-7600 J9 J MED FOOD JI J. Med. Food PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 18 IS 11 BP 1274 EP 1280 DI 10.1089/jmf.2015.0002 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CV0KV UT WOS:000363940500013 PM 26186426 ER PT J AU Charron, CS Dawson, HD Albaugh, GP Solverson, PM Vinyard, BT Solano-Aguilar, GI Molokin, A Novotny, JA AF Charron, Craig S. Dawson, Harry D. Albaugh, George P. Solverson, Patrick M. Vinyard, Bryan T. Solano-Aguilar, Gloria I. Molokin, Aleksey Novotny, Janet A. TI A Single Meal Containing Raw, Crushed Garlic Influences Expression of Immunity- and Cancer-Related Genes in Whole Blood of Humans SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE garlic; cancer; immunity; gene expression; Mono Mac 6 ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; NF-KAPPA-B; INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1-ALPHA; NUTRITION EPIC-EURGAST; HEPG2 HEPATOMA-CELLS; ONCOSTATIN-M; C-JUN; COLON-CANCER; DIALLYL TRISULFIDE; GROWTH-REGULATOR AB Background: Preclinical and epidemiologic studies suggest that garlic intake is inversely associated with the progression of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Objective: We designed a study to probe the mechanisms of garlic action in humans. Methods: We conducted a randomized crossover feeding trial in which 17 volunteers consumed a garlic-containing meal (100 g white bread, 15 g butter, and 5 g raw, crushed garlic) or a garlic-free control meal (100 g white bread and 15 g butter) after 10 d of consuming a controlled, garlic-free diet. Blood was collected before and 3 h after test meal consumption for gene expression analysis in whole blood. Illumina BeadArray was used to screen for genes of interest, followed by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) on selected genes. To augment human study findings, Mono Mac 6 cells were treated with a purified garlic extract (0.5 mu L/mL), and mRNA was measured by qRT-PCR at 0, 3, 6, and 24 h. Results: The following 7 genes were found to be upregulated by garlic intake: aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A), proto-oncogene c-Jun (JUN), nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) activating protein with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif 1 (NFAM1), oncostatin M (OSM), and V-re) avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog (REL). Fold-increases in mRNA transcripts ranged from 1.6 (HIF1A) to 3.0 (NFAM1)(P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of 5 of the 7 genes that were upregulated in the human trial were also upregulated in cell culture at 3 and 6 h: AHR, HIF1A, JUN, OSM, and REL. Fold-increases in mRNA transcripts in cell culture ranged from 1.7 (HIF1A) to 12.1 (JUN) (P < 0.01). OSM protein was measured by ELISA and was significantly higher than the control at 3, 6, and 24 h (24 h: 19.5 +/- 1.4 and 74.8 +/- 1.4 pg/mL for control and garlic, respectively). OSM is a pleiotropic cytokine that inhibits several tumor cell lines in culture. Conclusion: These data indicate that the bioactivity of garlic is multifaceted and includes activation of genes related to immunity, apoptosis, and xenobiotic metabolism in humans and Mono Mac 6 cells. C1 [Charron, Craig S.; Dawson, Harry D.; Albaugh, George P.; Solverson, Patrick M.; Solano-Aguilar, Gloria I.; Molokin, Aleksey; Novotny, Janet A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Vinyard, Bryan T.] USDA ARS, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Novotny, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM janet.novotny@ars.usda.gov FU USDA [1235-51000-046-00D]; National Cancer Institute [ACN 12009-001-0] FX Supported by the USDA (1235-51000-046-00D; to JAN) and the National Cancer Institute (ACN 12009-001-0) NR 71 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 145 IS 11 BP 2448 EP 2455 DI 10.3945/jn.115.215392 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CV4VP UT WOS:000364264900003 PM 26423732 ER PT J AU Shahab-Ferdows, S Engle-Stone, R Hampel, D Ndjebayi, AO Nankap, M Brown, KH Allen, LH AF Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh Engle-Stone, Reina Hampel, Daniela Ndjebayi, Alex O. Nankap, Martin Brown, Kenneth H. Allen, Lindsay H. TI Regional, Socioeconomic, and Dietary Risk Factors for Vitamin B-12 Deficiency Differ from Those for Folate Deficiency in Cameroonian Women and Children SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE vitamin B-12; folate; fortification; breast milk; Cameroon ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; SOLUBLE TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; RETINOL-BINDING-PROTEIN; YOUNG-CHILDREN; FOLIC-ACID; HUMAN-MILK; FORTIFICATION; HOMOCYSTEINE; PREVALENCE; FERRITIN AB Background: Representative data on folate and vitamin B-12 dietary intake and status in low-income countries are rare, despite the widespread adoption of folic acid fortification. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate folate and vitamin B-12 intake, status, and risk factors for deficiency before implementation of a national fortification program in Cameroon. Methods: A nationally representative cross-sectional cluster survey was conducted in 3 ecologic zones of Cameroon (South, North, and the 2 largest cities, Yaounde/Douala), and information on dietary intake was collected from 10 households in each of 30 randomly selected clusters per zone. In a subset of women and their 12- to 59-mo-old children (n = 396 pairs), plasma folate and vitamin B-12, as well as breast milk vitamin B-12, were analyzed. Results: Vitamin B-12 and folate dietary intake patterns and plasma concentrations were similar for women and children. In the subsample, 18% and 29% of women and 8% and 30% of children were vitamin 3-12 (<= 221 pmol/L) and folate (<10 nmol/L) deficient, respectively. Mean dietary folate ranged from 351 mu g dietary folate equivalents/d in the North to 246 mu g dietary folate equivalents/d in Yaounde/Douala; plasma folate was negatively associated with socioeconomic status (P = 0.001). Plasma vitamin 3-12 deficiency was similar in the South and North, 29% and 40%, respectively, but was only 11% in Yaounde/Douala, and was positively associated with socioeconomic status. Mean breast milk vitamin B-12 was statistically significantly lower in the North (101 pmol/L) than in the South (296 pmol/L) or Yaounde/Douala (349 pmol/L). Conclusions: Folate intake and status are inadequate among women and young children in Yaounde/Douala, whereas low vitamin 3-12 intake and status are more common in poor and rural area, especially in the North. Different strategies may be needed to control deficiency of these nutrients in different regions of Cameroon. C1 [Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh; Hampel, Daniela; Allen, Lindsay H.] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Engle-Stone, Reina; Brown, Kenneth H.; Allen, Lindsay H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ndjebayi, Alex O.; Nankap, Martin] Helen Keller Int, Yaounde, Cameroon. RP Shahab-Ferdows, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM setti.shahab-ferdows@ars.usda.gov FU Michael and Susan Dell Foundation; USDA; ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center; Sight and Life; UNICEF FX Supported by the Michael and Susan Dell Foundation, Sight and Life, UNICEF, and the USDA, ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 145 IS 11 BP 2587 EP 2595 DI 10.3945/jn.115.210195 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CV4VP UT WOS:000364264900020 PM 26446486 ER PT J AU Vaughan, MM Christensen, S Schmelz, EA Huffaker, A Mcauslane, HJ Alborn, HT Romero, M Allen, LH Teal, PEA AF Vaughan, Martha M. Christensen, Shawn Schmelz, Eric A. Huffaker, Alisa Mcauslane, Heather J. Alborn, Hans T. Romero, Maritza Allen, Leon Hartwell Teal, Peter E. A. TI Accumulation of terpenoid phytoalexins in maize roots is associated with drought tolerance SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE abiotic and biotic stress; ANTHER EAR2 (AN2); root-to shoot ratio; salt stress ID PLANT-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS; BELOW-GROUND INTERACTIONS; JASMONIC ACID; ABSCISIC-ACID; FUSARIUM-VERTICILLIOIDES; ANTIOXIDATIVE PROTECTION; STRESS RESPONSES; SIGNAL SIGNATURE; ABIOTIC STRESS; TROPICAL MAIZE AB Maize (Zea mays) production, which is of global agro-economic importance, is largely limited by herbivore pests, pathogens and environmental conditions, such as drought. Zealexins and kauralexins belong to two recently identified families of acidic terpenoid phytoalexins in maize that mediate defence against both pathogen and insect attacks in aboveground tissues. However, little is known about their function in belowground organs and their potential to counter abiotic stress. In this study, we show that zealexins and kauralexins accumulate in roots in response to both biotic and abiotic stress including, Diabrotica balteata herbivory, Fusarium verticillioides infection, drought and high salinity. We find that the quantity of drought-induced phytoalexins is positively correlated with the root-to-shoot ratio of different maize varieties, and further demonstrate that mutant an2 plants deficient in kauralexin production are more sensitive to drought. The induction of phytoalexins in response to drought is root specific and does not influence phytoalexin levels aboveground; however, the accumulation of phytoalexins in one tissue may influence the induction capacity of other tissues. Terpenoid phytoalexins accumulate in maize roots with Diabrotica balteata herbivory, Fusarium verticillioides infection, drought and high salinity. Mutant an2 plants deficient in kauralexin biosynthesis are more sensitive to drought. Commentary: C1 [Vaughan, Martha M.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Christensen, Shawn; Schmelz, Eric A.; Huffaker, Alisa; Alborn, Hans T.; Romero, Maritza; Allen, Leon Hartwell; Teal, Peter E. A.] ARS, Chem Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Mcauslane, Heather J.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Vaughan, MM (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Martha.vaughan@ars.usda.gov NR 82 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 38 IS 11 BP 2195 EP 2207 DI 10.1111/pce.12482 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CU9SE UT WOS:000363884600002 PM 25392907 ER PT J AU Zhao, J Li, PH Motes, CM Park, S Hirschi, KD AF Zhao, Jian Li, Penghui Motes, Christy M. Park, Sunghun Hirschi, Kendal D. TI CHX14 is a plasma membrane K-efflux transporter that regulates K+ redistribution in Arabidopsis thaliana SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; CHX; nutrition; potassium ID HIGH-AFFINITY POTASSIUM; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS; EXPRESSION PATTERNS; NHA1 ANTIPORTER; GUARD-CELLS; ROOT HAIRS; CHANNEL; PLANT; HOMEOSTASIS AB Potassium (K+) is essential for plant growth and development, yet the molecular identity of many K+ transporters remains elusive. Here we characterized cation/H+ exchanger (CHX) 14 as a plasma membrane K+ transporter. CHX14 expression was induced by elevated K+ and histochemical analysis of CHX14 promoter::GUS transgenic plants indicated that CHX14 was expressed in xylem parenchyma of root and shoot vascular tissues of seedlings. CHX14 knockout (chx14) and CHX14 overexpression seedlings displayed different growth phenotypes during K+ stress as compared with wild-type seedlings. Roots of mutant seedlings displayed higher K+ uptake rates than wild-type roots. CHX14 expression in yeast cells deficient in K+ uptake renders the mutant cells more sensitive to deficiencies of K+ in the medium. CHX14 mediates K+ efflux in yeast cells loaded with high K+. Uptake experiments using Rb-86(+) as a tracer for K+ with both yeast and plant mutants demonstrated that CHX14 expression in yeast and in planta mediated low-affinity K+ efflux. Functional green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged versions of CHX14 were localized to both the yeast and plant plasma membranes. Taken together, we suggest that CHX14 is a plasma membrane K+ efflux transporter involved in K+ homeostasis and K+ recirculation. K+ is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development; but K+ efflux mechanisms and K+ redistribution in plant are still poorly understood. Arabidopsis CHX14 is characterized as a plasma membrane-localized, low-affinity K+ efflux transporter. CHX14 is expressed in xylem parenchyma of root and shoot vascular tissues and induced by high concentrations of K+. It is involved in K+ recirculation and redistribution from roots to shoots to regulate K+ homeostasis and nutrition between plant tissues during K+ deficiency or under high concentration of K+. C1 [Zhao, Jian; Li, Penghui] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Jian; Hirschi, Kendal D.] Baylor Coll Med, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Motes, Christy M.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Plant Biol Div, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Park, Sunghun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Hort Forestry & Recreat Resources, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hirschi, Kendal D.] Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Zhao, J (reprint author), Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. EM kendalh@bcm.edu RI Zhao, Jian/M-4237-2014 OI Zhao, Jian/0000-0002-4416-7334 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [58-62650-6001]; Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) [2013CB127001]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2013PY065]; Huazhong Agricultural University Scientific and Technological Self-Innovation Foundation [2012RC007] FX We thank Heven Sze and John Ward for help with this work. We also express our thanks to Elison Blancaflor from the Noble Foundation for his help with confocal microscopy. The research is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (under Cooperative Agreement 58-62650-6001) to KDH, the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program, Grant 2013CB127001) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Program 2013PY065) and the Huazhong Agricultural University Scientific and Technological Self-Innovation Foundation (2012RC007) to JZ. NR 66 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 38 IS 11 BP 2223 EP 2238 DI 10.1111/pce.12524 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CU9SE UT WOS:000363884600004 PM 25754420 ER PT J AU Walker, BJ Ort, DR AF Walker, Berkley J. Ort, Donald R. TI Improved method for measuring the apparent CO2 photocompensation point resolves the impact of multiple internal conductances to CO2 to net gas exchange SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE photosynthesis; photorespiration ID TEMPERATURE RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; RUBISCO SPECIFICITY FACTOR; MESOPHYLL CONDUCTANCE; IN-VIVO; LIMITED PHOTOSYNTHESIS; CARBOXYLASE-OXYGENASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LEAF PHOTOSYNTHESIS; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; DARK RESPIRATION AB There is a growing interest in accurate and comparable measurements of the CO2 photocompensation point (*), a vital parameter to model leaf photosynthesis. The * is measured as the common intersection of several CO2 response curves, but this method may incorrectly estimate * by using linear fits to extrapolate curvilinear responses and single conductances to convert intercellular photocompensation points (C-i*) to chloroplastic *. To determine the magnitude and minimize the impact of these artefacts on * determinations, we used a combination of meta-analysis, modelling and original measurements to develop a framework to accurately determine C-i*. Our modelling indicated that the impact of using linear fits could be minimized based on the measurement CO2 range. We also propose a novel method of analysing common intersection measurements using slope-intercept regression. Our modelling indicated that slope-intercept regression is a robust analytical tool that can help determine if a measurement is biased because of multiple internal conductances to CO2. Application of slope-intercept regression to Nicotiana tabacum and Glycine max revealed that multiple conductances likely have little impact to C-i* measurements in these species. These findings present a robust and easy to apply protocol to help resolve key questions concerning CO2 conductance through leaves. There is growing interest in accurate and comparable measurements of the CO2 photocompensation point (*), a vital parameter to model leaf photosynthesis. We present a new analysis technique and measuring protocol that minimizes many errors associated with this measurement. This protocol has both a modeled and measured improvement over past methods. C1 [Walker, Berkley J.; Ort, Donald R.] ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Walker, Berkley J.; Ort, Donald R.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ort, Donald R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ort, DR (reprint author), ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM d-ort@illinois.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1060461] FX Jessica Ayers for technical assistance during common intersection measurements and Susanne von Caemmerer for helpful thoughts on the modelling and discussion points. Thomas Sharkey also provided insight for technical considerations for the common intersection method and helped spawn this study in the first place. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments that greatly broadened the scope of our analysis and discussion. This research was supported via subcontract by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1060461) titled 'RIPE-Realizing Increased Photosynthetic Efficiency for Sustainable Increases in Crop Yield'. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 38 IS 11 BP 2462 EP 2474 DI 10.1111/pce.12562 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CU9SE UT WOS:000363884600022 PM 25929271 ER PT J AU Schaeffer, SM Nakata, PA AF Schaeffer, Scott M. Nakata, Paul A. TI CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing and gene replacement in plants: Transitioning from lab to field SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE CRISPR; Cas9; Crop improvement; Gene editing; Gene knock-in ID EFFICIENT TARGETED MUTAGENESIS; SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC NUCLEASES; CRISPR-CAS NUCLEASES; GUIDE RNA; INSERTIONAL MUTAGENESIS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; FLOWERING PLANTS; PAIRED NICKASES; FRUIT CROPS AB The CRISPR/Cas9 genome engineering system has ignited and swept through the scientific community like wildfire. Owing largely to its efficiency, specificity, and flexibility, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has quickly become the preferred genome-editing tool of plant scientists. In plants, much of the early CRISPR/Cas9 work has been limited to proof of concept and functional studies in model systems. These studies, along with those in other fields of biology, have led to the development of several utilities of CRISPR/Cas9 beyond single gene editing. Such utilities include multiplexing for inducing multiple cleavage events, controlling gene expression, and site specific transgene insertion. With much of the conceptual CRISPR/Cas9 work nearly complete, plant researchers are beginning to apply this gene editing technology for crop trait improvement. Before rational strategies can be designed to implement this technology to engineer a wide array of crops there is a need to expand the availability of crop-specific vectors, genome resources, and transformation protocols. We anticipate that these challenges will be met along with the continued evolution of the CRISPR/Cas9 system particularly in the areas of manipulation of large genomic regions, transgene-free genetic modification, development of breeding resources, discovery of gene function, and improvements upon CRISPR/Cas9 components. The CRISPR/Cas9 editing system appears poised to transform crop trait improvement. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Schaeffer, Scott M.; Nakata, Paul A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Nakata, PA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM paul.nakata@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-3092-5-001] FX The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under Cooperative agreement number 58-3092-5-001. The authors apologize to those whose work could not be cited due to space limitation. The authors would like to thank Dr. Michele McConn and Dr. Christopher Hendrickson for critically reading this manuscript. NR 115 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 38 U2 233 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 240 BP 130 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.09.011 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA CV4OC UT WOS:000364245400012 PM 26475194 ER PT J AU Narayanan, N Beyene, G Chauhan, RD Gaitan-Solis, E Grusak, MA Taylor, N Anderson, P AF Narayanan, Narayanan Beyene, Getu Chauhan, Raj Deepika Gaitan-Solis, Eliana Grusak, Michael A. Taylor, Nigel Anderson, Paul TI Overexpression of Arabidopsis VIT1 increases accumulation of iron in cassava roots and stems SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cassava; Iron; AtVIT1; Source-sink; Biofortification ID HOMEOSTASIS RELATED GENES; LONG-DISTANCE TRANSPORT; LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION; SOYBEAN FERRITIN; METAL TRANSPORTER; YELLOW STRIPE1; UPTAKE SYSTEM; FOOD CROPS; PLANTS; RICE AB Iron is extremely abundant in the soil, but its uptake in plants is limited due to low solubility in neutral or alkaline soils. Plants can rely on rhizosphere acidification to increase iron solubility. AtVIT1 was previously found to be involved in mediating vacuolar sequestration of iron, which indicates a potential application for iron biofortification in crop plants. Here, we have overexpressed AtVIT1 in the starchy root crop cassava using a patatin promoter. Under greenhouse conditions, iron levels in mature cassava storage roots showed 3-4 times higher values when compared with wild-type plants. Significantly, the expression of AtVIT1 showed a positive correlation with the increase in iron concentration of storage roots. Conversely, young leaves of AtVIT1 transgenic plants exhibit characteristics of iron deficiency such as interveinal chlorosis of leaves (yellowing) and lower iron concentration when compared with the wild type plants. Interestingly, the AtVIT1 transgenic plants showed 4 and 16 times higher values of iron concentration in the young stem and stem base tissues, respectively. AtVIT1 transgenic plants also showed 2-4 times higher values of iron content when compared with wild-type plants, with altered partitioning of iron between source and sink tissues. These results demonstrate vacuolar iron sequestration as a viable transgenic strategy to biofortify crops and to help eliminate micronutrient malnutrition in at-risk human populations. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Narayanan, Narayanan; Beyene, Getu; Chauhan, Raj Deepika; Gaitan-Solis, Eliana; Taylor, Nigel; Anderson, Paul] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. [Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Narayanan, N (reprint author), Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, 975 N Warson Rd, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. EM nnarayanan@danforthcenter.org RI Taylor, Nigel/M-2851-2013; OI Grusak, Michael A./0000-0002-7976-3419 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's Global Challenges for Global Health Program [OPPGD1484]; US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-0-008] FX The authors thank Jackson Gehan, Paula Butts, May Wu, Adam Boyer, Valentina Carballo-Portela, Amita Rai, Junying Ma, Tira Jones, Danielle Posey, and Jennifer Winch for their technical help and Patricia Cosgrove for formatting the references. The authors thank Dr. Ivan Baxter and Greg Zeigler, USDA Lab, DDPSC for all the ICP measurements in different tissues. The authors thank Dr. Mary Lou Guerinot, Dartmouth College for providing insights about the AtVIT1 gene and support during the study. This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's Global Challenges for Global Health Program (Grant no.: OPPGD1484) and in part by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service through Cooperative Agreement Number58-6250-0-008 (to MAG). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. The Gates Foundation had no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; nor in the decision to submit the article for publication. NR 67 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 240 BP 170 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.09.007 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA CV4OC UT WOS:000364245400015 PM 26475197 ER PT J AU Babcock, C Finley, AO Bradford, JB Kolka, R Birdsey, R Ryan, MG AF Babcock, Chad Finley, Andrew O. Bradford, John B. Kolka, Randall Birdsey, Richard Ryan, Michael G. TI LiDAR based prediction of forest biomass using hierarchical models with spatially varying coefficients SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Bayesian hierarchical models; Markov chain Monte Carlo; Gaussian process; Geospatial; LiDAR; Forest biomass ID CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; REGRESSION-MODELS; AIRBORNE LIDAR; CANOPY HEIGHT; VARIABLES; SPACE; RETRIEVAL; ACCURACY; FUSION AB Many studies and production inventory systems have shown the utility of coupling covariates derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data with forest variables measured on georeferenced inventory plots through regression models. The objective of this study was to propose and assess the use of a Bayesian hierarchical modeling framework that accommodates both residual spatial dependence and non-stationarity of model covariates through the introduction of spatial random effects. We explored this objective using four forest inventory datasets that are part of the North American Carbon Program, each comprising point-referenced measures of above-ground forest biomass and discrete LiDAR. For each dataset, we considered at least five regression model specifications of varying complexity. Models were assessed based on goodness of fit criteria and predictive performance using a 10-fold cross-validation procedure. Results showed that the addition of spatial random effects to the regression model intercept improved fit and predictive performance in the presence of substantial residual spatial dependence. Additionally, in some cases, allowing either some or all regression slope parameters to vary spatially, via the addition of spatial random effects, further improved model fit and predictive performance. In other instances, models showed improved fit but decreased predictive performance indicating over-fitting and underscoring the need for cross-validation to assess predictive ability. The proposed Bayesian modeling framework provided access to pixel-level posterior predictive distributions that were useful for uncertainty mapping, diagnosing spatial extrapolation issues, revealing missing model covariates, and discovering locally significant parameters. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Babcock, Chad] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Finley, Andrew O.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Finley, Andrew O.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Kolka, Randall] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN USA. [Birdsey, Richard] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resources Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Finley, AO (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM finleya@msu.edu RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011; Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008; OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738; Babcock, Chad/0000-0001-9597-4462 FU National Science Foundation [DMS-1106609, EF-1137309, EF-1241874, EF-1253225]; National Aeronautical and Space Administration Carbon Monitoring System; USDA Forest Service; [NNH08AH971] FX This work was partially supported by grants from the National Science Foundation DMS-1106609, EF-1137309, EF-1241874, and EF-1253225, National Aeronautical and Space Administration Carbon Monitoring System and NNH08AH971, and the USDA Forest Service. Special thanks to the anonymous reviewers. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 169 BP 113 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2015.07.028 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CU8TB UT WOS:000363815900008 ER PT J AU Braaten, JD Cohen, WB Yang, ZQ AF Braaten, Justin D. Cohen, Warren B. Yang, Zhiqiang TI Automated cloud and cloud shadow identification in Landsat MSS imagery for temperate ecosystems SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Landsat MSS; Automated cloud masking; Time series analysis; Change detection; Large area mapping ID FOREST DISTURBANCE; TIME-SERIES; COVER CHANGE; SEGMENTATION; ENVIRONMENT; ALGORITHM; ETM+; AREA; TM AB Automated cloud and cloud shadow identification algorithms designed for Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) satellite images have greatly expanded the use of these Earth observation data by providing a means of including only clear-view pixels in image analysis and efficient cloud-free compositing. In an effort to extend these capabilities to Landsat Multispectal Scanner (MSS) imagery, we introduce MSS clear-view-mask (MSScvm), an automated cloud and shadow identification algorithm for MSS imagery. The algorithm is specific to the unique spectral characteristics of MSS data, relying on a simple, rule-based approach. Clouds are identified based on green band brightness and the normalized difference between the green and red bands, while cloud shadows are identified by near infrared band darkness and cloud projection. A digital elevation model is incorporated to correct for topography-induced illumination variation and aid in identifying water. Based on an accuracy assessment of 1981 points stratified by land cover and algorithm mask class for 12 images throughout the United States, MSScvm achieved an overall accuracy of 84.0%. Omission of thin clouds and bright cloud shadows constituted much of the error. Perennial ice and snow, misidentified as cloud, also contributed disproportionally to algorithm error. Comparison against a corresponding assessment of the Fmask algorithm, applied to coincident TM imagery, showed similar error patterns and a general reduction in accuracy commensurate with differences in the radiometric and spectral richness of the two sensors. MSScvm provides a suitable automated method for creating cloud and cloud shadow masks for MSS imagery required for time series analyses in temperate ecosystems. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Braaten, Justin D.; Yang, Zhiqiang] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cohen, Warren B.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Braaten, JD (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM justin.braaten@oregonstate.edu FU USDA Forest Service; NASA's Carbon Monitoring System program [NNH13AW62I] FX The development and accuracy assessment of MSScvm were made possible by the support of the Landscape Change Monitoring System (LCMS) project funded by the USDA Forest Service and by NASA's Carbon Monitoring System program (NNH13AW62I). This work was also highly dependent on the availability and easy access of free, high quality Landsat image data provided by USGS EROS. Their open data policy makes this work more relevant and widely useful. We would like to thank Joe Hughes for inspiring the implementation of a cloud projection technique, which greatly increased the algorithm's accuracy, and Dan Steinwand who provided valuable comments, citations, and perspective on the history of Landsat data processing. Additionally, we thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 169 BP 128 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2015.08.006 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CU8TB UT WOS:000363815900009 ER PT J AU Scudiero, E Skaggs, TH Corwin, DL AF Scudiero, Elia Skaggs, Todd H. Corwin, Dennis L. TI Regional-scale soil salinity assessment using Landsat ETM plus canopy reflectance SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil salinity; Landsat 7; Remote sensing; Spatial cross-validation; Soil mapping ID HYPERSPECTRAL VEGETATION INDEXES; SPATIAL VARIATION; PERFORMANCE; FIELDS; IMPACT; CROPS; OASIS; YIELD AB Soil salinization is widely recognized to be a major threat to worldwide agriculture. Despite decades of research in soil mapping, no reliable and up-to-date salinity maps are available for large geographical regions, especially for the salinity ranges that are most relevant to agricultural productivity (i.e., salinities less than 20 dS m(-1), when measured as the electrical conductivity of the soil saturation extract). This paper explores the potentials and limitations of assessing and mapping soil salinity via linear modeling of remote sensing vegetation indices. A case study is presented for western San Joaquin Valley, California, USA using multi-year Landsat 7 ETM + canopy reflectance and the Canopy Response Salinity Index (CRSI). Highly detailed salinity maps for 22 fields comprising 542 ha were used for ground-truthing. Re-gridded to 30 x 30 m, the ground-truth data totaled over 5000 pixels with salinity values in the range 0 to 352 dS m(-1). Multi-year maximum values of CRSI were used to model soil salinity. Soil type, meteorological data, and crop type were evaluated as covariates. All considered models were evaluated for their fit to the whole data set as well as their performance in a leave-one-field-out spatial cross-validation. The best performing model was a function of CRSI, crop type (i.e., cropped or fallow), rainfall, and average minimum temperature, with R-2 = 0.728 when evaluated against all data and R-2 = 0.611 for the cross-validation predictions. Broken out by salinity classes, the mean absolute errors (MAE) for the cross-validation predictions were (all units dS m(-1)): 2.94 for the 0-2 interval (non-saline), 2.12 for 2-4 (slightly saline), 2.35 for 4-8 (moderately saline), 3.23 for 8-16 (strongly saline), and 5.64 for >16 (extremely saline). On a per-field basis, the validation predictions had good agreement with the field average (R-2 = 0.79, MAE = 2.46 dS m(-1)), minimum (R-2 = 0.76, MAE = 225 dS m(-1)), and maximum (R-2 = 0.76, MAE = 3.09 dS m(-1)) observed salinity. Overall, reasonably accurate and precise high resolution, regional-scale remote sensing of soil salinity is possible, even over the critical range of 0 to 20 dS m(-1), where researchers and policy makers must focus to prevent loss of agricultural productivity and ecosystem health. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Scudiero, Elia; Skaggs, Todd H.; Corwin, Dennis L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Scudiero, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 West Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM elia.scudiero@ars.usda.gov RI Scudiero, Elia/K-3580-2013; OI Scudiero, Elia/0000-0003-4944-721X FU Office of Naval Research (FMMI) [3200001344] FX The funding for this research was from the Office of Naval Research (FMMI number: 3200001344). The authors wish to acknowledge the numerous hours of diligent technical work that were performed in the field and in the laboratory by several technicians whose efforts and conscientiousness were crucial to obtaining the data presented including Wes Clary, Kevin Yemoto, and Michael Bagtang. The authors specifically acknowledge the dedication and technical professionalism of Wes Clary who was crucial in locating field sites in the San Joaquin Valley, conducting ECa surveys, and analyzing soil samples. NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 169 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2015.08.026 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CU8TB UT WOS:000363815900026 ER PT J AU Cabrera, A Guttieri, M Smith, N Souza, E Sturbaum, A Hua, D Griffey, C Barnett, M Murphy, P Ohm, H Uphaus, J Sorrells, M Heffner, E Brown-Guedira, G Van Sanford, D Sneller, C AF Cabrera, Antonio Guttieri, Mary Smith, Nathan Souza, Edward Sturbaum, Anne Hua, Duc Griffey, Carl Barnett, Marla Murphy, Paul Ohm, Herb Uphaus, Jim Sorrells, Mark Heffner, Elliot Brown-Guedira, Gina Van Sanford, David Sneller, Clay TI Identification of milling and baking quality QTL in multiple soft wheat mapping populations SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; RED WINTER-WHEAT; DOUBLED HAPLOID POPULATION; GRAIN PROTEIN-CONTENT; BREAD WHEAT; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; 1BL/1RS TRANSLOCATION; TRAITS; YIELD; MARKERS AB Two mapping approaches were use to identify and validate milling and baking quality QTL in soft wheat. Two LG were consistently found important for multiple traits and we recommend the use marker-assisted selection on specific markers reported here. Wheat-derived food products require a range of characteristics. Identification and understanding of the genetic components controlling end-use quality of wheat is important for crop improvement. We assessed the underlying genetics controlling specific milling and baking quality parameters of soft wheat including flour yield, softness equivalent, flour protein, sucrose, sodium carbonate, water absorption and lactic acid, solvent retention capacities in a diversity panel and five bi-parental mapping populations. The populations were genotyped with SSR and DArT markers, with markers specific for the 1BL.1RS translocation and sucrose synthase gene. Association analysis and composite interval mapping were performed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL). High heritability was observed for each of the traits evaluated, trait correlations were consistent over populations, and transgressive segregants were common in all bi-parental populations. A total of 26 regions were identified as potential QTL in the diversity panel and 74 QTL were identified across all five bi-parental mapping populations. Collinearity of QTL from chromosomes 1B and 2B was observed across mapping populations and was consistent with results from the association analysis in the diversity panel. Multiple regression analysis showed the importance of the two 1B and 2B regions and marker-assisted selection for the favorable alleles at these regions should improve quality. C1 [Cabrera, Antonio; Hua, Duc; Sneller, Clay] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Cabrera, Antonio; Hua, Duc; Sneller, Clay] Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Sturbaum, Anne] USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Griffey, Carl] State Univ, Virginia Polytech Inst, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Barnett, Marla] Limagrain Cereal Seeds LLC, Wichita, KS 67204 USA. [Murphy, Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ohm, Herb] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Uphaus, Jim] Pioneer HiBreed Int INC, Windfall, IN USA. [Sorrells, Mark] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Van Sanford, David] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Cabrera, A (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM cabrera.16@buckeyemail.osu.edu; sneller.5@osu.edu FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture [MIN-13-G19]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029] FX Salaries and research support were provided in part by State and Federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University. The authors thank Dr. David Francis for reviewing an early version of this paper. This material is based upon work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. MIN-13-G19, and Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project (2011-68002-30029) of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 128 IS 11 BP 2227 EP 2242 DI 10.1007/s00122-015-2580-3 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA CV3AF UT WOS:000364129700009 PM 26188588 ER PT J AU Vontimitta, V Olukolu, BA Penning, BW Johal, G Balint-Kurti, PJ AF Vontimitta, Vijay Olukolu, Bode A. Penning, Bryan W. Johal, Gurmukh Balint-Kurti, P. J. TI The genetic basis of flecking and its relationship to disease resistance in the IBM maize mapping population SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED INTERCROSS LINE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; LESION MIMIC MUTANTS; CELL-DEATH; DEFENSE RESPONSE; SPOT FORMATION; LEAF-BLIGHT; MAP; BARLEY; TEMPERATURE AB In this paper, we determine the genetic architecture controlling leaf flecking in maize and investigate its relationship to disease resistance and the defense response. Flecking is defined as a mild, often environmentally dependent lesion phenotype observed on the leaves of several commonly used maize inbred lines. Anecdotal evidence suggests a link between flecking and enhanced broad-spectrum disease resistance. Neither the genetic basis underlying flecking nor its possible relationship to disease resistance has been systematically evaluated. The commonly used maize inbred Mo17 has a mild flecking phenotype. The IBM-advanced intercross mapping population, derived from a cross between Mo17 and another commonly used inbred B73, has been used for mapping a number of traits in maize including several related to disease resistance. In this study, flecking was assessed in the IBM population over 6 environments. Several quantitative trait loci for flecking were identified, with the strongest one located on chromosome 6. Low but moderately significant correlations were observed between stronger flecking and higher disease resistance with respect to two diseases, southern leaf blight and northern leaf blight and between stronger flecking and a stronger defense response. C1 [Vontimitta, Vijay; Johal, Gurmukh] Purdue Univ, Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Olukolu, Bode A.; Balint-Kurti, P. J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Penning, Bryan W.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Balint-Kurti, P. J.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Olukolu, Bode A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Balint-Kurti, PJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, 2574 Thomas Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM peter_balintkurti@ncsu.edu OI Balint-Kurti, Peter/0000-0002-3916-194X FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; NC State University; Purdue University; National Science Foundation [0822495] FX We thank Major Goodman and the Maize Genetics Cooperation Stock Center for provision of seed and David Rhyne, Ed Durren, Greg Marshall, Shannon Sermons, and Donna Stephens for their help with fieldwork. We thank Steve Moose for allowing us to observe and take lesion mimic data from his field trials and Steve Szalma for helpful discussions. We thank Cathy Herring and the staff of Central Crops in Clayton NC for maintaining the field trials in NC. This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, NC State University, Purdue University, and by National Science Foundation Grant 0822495. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Steve Szalma. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 128 IS 11 BP 2331 EP 2339 DI 10.1007/s00122-015-2588-8 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA CV3AF UT WOS:000364129700016 PM 26239408 ER PT J AU Green, BT Panter, KE Lee, ST Welch, KD Pfister, JA Gardner, DR Stegelmeier, BL Davis, TZ AF Green, Benedict T. Panter, Kip E. Lee, Stephen T. Welch, Kevin D. Pfister, James A. Gardner, Dale R. Stegelmeier, Bryan L. Davis, T. Zane TI Differences between Angus and Holstein cattle in the Lupinus leucophyllus induced inhibition of fetal activity SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Lupine; Cattle; Fetal activity; Crooked calf syndrome; Ultrasound ID CROOKED CALF DISEASE; NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; PIPERIDINE ALKALOID TERATOGENS; POISONOUS PLANTS; NORDITERPENOID ALKALOIDS; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; QUINOLIZIDINE; ANAGYRINE; PROFILES; IDENTIFICATION AB Calves with congenital defects born to cows that have grazed teratogenic Lupinus spp. during pregnancy can suffer from what is termed crooked calf syndrome. Crooked calf syndrome defects include cleft palate, spinal column defects and limb malformations formed by alkaloid-induced inhibition of fetal movement. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that there are differences in fetal activity of fetuses carried by Holstein verses Angus heifers orally dosed with 1.1 g/kg dried ground Lupinus leucophyllus. Fetal activity was monitored via transrectal ultrasonography and maternal serum was analyzed for specific lupine alkaloids. There were more (P < 0.05) movements in fetuses of Holstein heifers than those in Angus heifers at eight and 12 h after oral dosing. In addition to serum alkaloid toxicokinetic differences, the Holstein heifers had significantly lower serum concentrations of anagyrine at 2, 4, and 8 h after oral dosing than Angus heifers. Holstein heifers also had significantly greater serum concentrations of lupanine at 12, 18 and 24 h after dosing than the Angus heifers. These results suggest that there are breed differences in susceptibility to lupine-induced crooked calf syndrome. These differences may also be used to discover genetic markers that identify resistant animals, thus facilitating selective breeding of resistant herds. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Green, Benedict T.; Panter, Kip E.; Lee, Stephen T.; Welch, Kevin D.; Pfister, James A.; Gardner, Dale R.; Stegelmeier, Bryan L.; Davis, T. Zane] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Green, BT (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Ben.Green@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS FX The authors thank Isabelle McCollum, Charles Hailes, Edward L. Knoppel, Scott Larsen, Kermit Price, Rex Probst, Terrie Wierienga, and Clint Stonecipher for their assistance. Graphical abstract lupine plant image provided by Jen Green. This research was supported by USDA/ARS. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD NOV PY 2015 VL 106 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.08.020 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CV4QU UT WOS:000364252400001 PM 26341422 ER PT J AU Ridpath, JF Bayles, DO Neill, JD Falkenberg, SM Bauermann, FV Holler, L Braun, LJ Young, DB Kane, SE Chase, CCL AF Ridpath, J. F. Bayles, D. O. Neill, J. D. Falkenberg, S. M. Bauermann, F. V. Holler, L. Braun, L. J. Young, D. B. Kane, S. E. Chase, C. C. L. TI Comparison of the breadth and complexity of bovine viral diarrhea (BVDV) populations circulating in 34 persistently infected cattle generated in one outbreak SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bovine viral diarrhea virus; Persistent infection; Viral swarms ID VIRUS; PESTIVIRUS; DISEASE; TREES AB Exposure to bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDV) results in acute and persistent infections. Persistent infections result from in utero exposure during the first trimester of gestation. Clinical presentation, in persistently infected cattle (PI), is highly variable. The reasons for this variation is largely unknown. The BVDV circulating in PI exist as quasispecies (swarms of individual viruses). An outbreak resulting in 34 PI cattle presented an opportunity to compare a large number of PI's. Methods were developed to compare the circulating viral populations within PI animals. It was found that PI animals generated in the same outbreak carry circulating viral populations that differ widely in size and diversity. Further, it was demonstrated that variation in PI viral populations could be used as a quantifiable phenotype. This observation makes it possible to test the correlation of this phenotype to other phenotypes such as growth rate, congenital defects, viral shed and cytokine expression. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ridpath, J. F.; Bayles, D. O.; Neill, J. D.; Falkenberg, S. M.; Bauermann, F. V.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Holler, L.; Braun, L. J.; Kane, S. E.; Chase, C. C. L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Young, D. B.] Antelope Res Stn, Buffalo, SD 57720 USA. RP Ridpath, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM julia.ridpath@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD NOV PY 2015 VL 485 BP 297 EP 304 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2015.07.022 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA CV1DH UT WOS:000363993100031 PM 26319211 ER PT J AU Spaulding, SA Otu, MK Wolfe, AP Baron, JS AF Spaulding, Sarah A. Otu, Megan K. Wolfe, Alexander P. Baron, Jill S. TI Paleolimnological records of nitrogen deposition in shallow, high-elevation lakes of Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, USA SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; ALPINE LAKE; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; CRITICAL LOADS; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; ORGANIC-MATTER; PHYTOPLANKTON; COMMUNITIES AB Reactive nitrogen (Nr) from anthropogenic sources has been altering ecosystem function in lakes of the Rocky Mountains, other regions of western North America, and the Arctic over recent decades. The response of biota in shallow lakes to atmospheric deposition of Nr, however, has not been considered. Benthic algae are dominant in shallow, high-elevation lakes and are less sensitive to nutrient inputs than planktonic algae. Because the benthic substrate is typically more nutrient rich than the water column, shallow lakes are not expected to show evidence of anthropogenic Nr. In this study, we assessed sedimentary evidence for regional Nr deposition, sediment chronology, and the nature of algal community response in five shallow, high-elevation lakes in Grand Teton National Park (GRTE). Over 140 diatom taxa were identified from the sediments, with a relatively high species richness of taxa characteristic of oligotrophic conditions. The diatom assemblages were dominated by benthic taxa, especially motile taxa. The GRTE lakes demonstrate assemblage-wide shifts in diatoms, including the following: (1) synchronous and significant assemblage changes centered on ca. A. D. 1960; (2) pre-1960 assemblages differed significantly from post-1960 assemblages; (3) pre-1960 diatom assemblages fluctuated randomly, whereas post-1960 assemblages showed directional change; and (4) changes in delta N-15 signatures were correlated with diatom community composition. These results demonstrate recent changes in shallow high-elevation lakes that are most correlated with anthropogenic Nr. It is also possible, however, that the combined effect of Nr deposition and warming is accelerating species shifts in benthic diatoms. While uncertainties remain about the potential synergy of Nr deposition and warming, this study adds shallow lakes to the growing list of impacted high-elevation localities in western North America. C1 [Spaulding, Sarah A.; Otu, Megan K.] Univ Colorado, US Geol Survey, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Wolfe, Alexander P.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. [Baron, Jill S.] US Forest Serv, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Spaulding, SA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, US Geol Survey, INSTAAR, 1560 30th St, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. EM sspaulding@usgs.gov RI Baron, Jill/C-5270-2016 OI Baron, Jill/0000-0002-5902-6251 FU National Park Services Air Resources Division (NPS award) [119720] FX This work is dedicated to the late Susan O'Ney, Grand Teton National Park. Special thanks to Ellen Porter, Tamara Blett, and Terry Svalberd of the National Park Services Air Resources Division, who helped facilitate research through funding support (NPS award #119720) and assisting with field logistics. We thank Jack Cornett and Janice Lardner of MyCore Scientific for 210Pb dating; Joy Matthews of UC Davis Stable Isotope Facility; Austin Seback for map creation, and Christine Siebold, Holly Shuss, and Holly Hughes of the Kiowa Lab; Hank Harlow and Celeste Havener of the University of Wyoming/National Park Service Field Station; Marina Potapova of Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University for field assistance and data interpretation. We are grateful to our field volunteers Heather Mosher, Katie Williams, Brooke Osborne, Julia Spencer, Chad Whaley, Lindsey Mills, and Ed Mellander who helped transport equipment to remote sites. We acknowledge laboratory assistance at University of Colorado, INSTAAR, by Anna Hermann and Wendy Roth who helped process and analyze sediment samples. Discussions with Janice Brahney and Ashley Ballantyne helped inform our interpretations. Anonymous reviewers offered suggestions that substantially improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 24 PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES PI BOULDER PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA SN 1523-0430 EI 1938-4246 J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 47 IS 4 BP 703 EP 717 DI 10.1657/AAAR0015-008 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA CU9KL UT WOS:000363863300010 ER PT J AU Powell, LL Zurita, G Wolfe, JD Johnson, EI Stouffer, PC AF Powell, Luke L. Zurita, Gustavo Wolfe, Jared D. Johnson, Erik I. Stouffer, Philip C. TI Changes in Habitat Use at Rain Forest Edges Through Succession: a Case Study of Understory Birds in the Brazilian Amazon SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article DE antthrush; continuous edge response; fragmentation; Neotropical birds; secondary forest; terrestrial insectivores; woodcreeper ID TERRESTRIAL INSECTIVOROUS BIRDS; SECONDARY FORESTS; ATLANTIC FOREST; FRAGMENTS; MOVEMENT AB Primary tropical rain forests are being rapidly perforated with new edges via roads, logging, and pastures, and vast areas of secondary forest accumulate following abandonment of agricultural lands. To determine how insectivorous Amazonian understory birds respond to edges between primary rain forest and three age classes of secondary forest, we radio-tracked two woodcreepers (Glyphorynchus spirurus, N=17; Xiphorhynchus pardalotus, N=18) and a terrestrial antthrush (Formicarius colma, N=19). We modeled species-specific response to distance to forest edge (a continuous variable) based on observations at varying distances from the primary-secondary forest interface. All species avoided 8-14-yr-old secondary forest. Glyphorynchus spirurus and F.colma mostly remained within primary forest <100m from the young edge. Young F.colma rarely penetrated >100m into secondary forest 27-31yr old. Young Formicarius colma and most G.spirurus showed a unimodal response to 8-14-yr-old secondary forest, with relative activity concentrated just inside primary forest. After land abandonment, G.spirurus was the first to recover to the point where there was no detectable edge response (after 11-14yr), whereas X.pardalotus was intermediate (15-20yr), and F. colma last (28-30yr +). Given the relatively quick recovery by our woodcreeper species, new legislation on protection of secondary forests >20-yr old in Brazil's Para state may represent a new opportunity for conservation and management; however, secondary forest must mature to at least 30yr before the full compliment of rain forest-dependent species can use secondary forest without adverse edge effects. C1 [Powell, Luke L.; Wolfe, Jared D.; Johnson, Erik I.; Stouffer, Philip C.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Powell, Luke L.; Wolfe, Jared D.; Johnson, Erik I.; Stouffer, Philip C.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Powell, Luke L.; Wolfe, Jared D.; Johnson, Erik I.; Stouffer, Philip C.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Biol Dynam Forest Fragments Project, BR-69011097 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Powell, Luke L.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Zurita, Gustavo] Univ Nacl Misiones, Fac Ciencias Forestales, CONICET, Inst Biol Subtrop, RA-3370 Puerto Iguazu, Misiones, Argentina. [Wolfe, Jared D.] US Forest Serv, Redwood Sci Lab, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Johnson, Erik I.] Natl Audubon Soc, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. RP Powell, LL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, RNR 227, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM luke.l.powell@gmail.com FU US National Science Foundation [LTREB 0545491]; AOU's Research Award; Frank M. Chapman Award; Paul A. Stewart Award; Lewis Clark Fund FX We thank Paul Des Brisay, Marconi Cerqueira, Elizabeth Condon, Camila Duarte, Gilberto Fernandez Arellano, Jairo Lopes, Alercio Marajo de Reis, Rachelle McLaughlin, Karl Mokross, Osmaildo, Aida Rodrigues, and Tatiana Straatmann for their contributions in the field. The LSU 'Bird Lunch' group, Kristina Cockle, Kyle Harms, Michael Kaller, Curtis Marantz, James Nichols, Stefan Woltmann, and J. Van Remsen contributed insightful reviews and advice on data analyses. We thank the following funding sources: US National Science Foundation (LTREB 0545491), AOU's Research Award, the Frank M. Chapman Award, the Paul A. Stewart Award, and the Lewis & Clark Fund. We conducted this research under LSU IACUC approval and under applicable Brazilian permits. This is publication number 668 in the BDFFP technical series and number 39 in the Amazonian ornithology technical series. This manuscript was approved for publication by the Director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experimental Station as manuscript number 2015-241-22456. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 12 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 EI 1744-7429 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD NOV PY 2015 VL 47 IS 6 BP 723 EP 732 DI 10.1111/btp.12253 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CU8RC UT WOS:000363809800010 ER PT J AU Kim, W Park, JJ Gang, DR Peever, TL Chen, WD AF Kim, Wonyong Park, Jeong-Jin Gang, David R. Peever, Tobin L. Chen, Weidong TI A Novel Type Pathway-Specific Regulator and Dynamic Genome Environments of a Solanapyrone Biosynthesis Gene Cluster in the Fungus Ascochyta rabiei SO EUKARYOTIC CELL LA English DT Article ID TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; ALTERNARIA-SOLANI; COCHLIOBOLUS-HETEROSTROPHUS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; DISPENSABLE CHROMOSOME; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; PYRONE DERIVATIVES; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI AB Secondary metabolite genes are often clustered together and situated in particular genomic regions, like the subtelomere, that can facilitate niche adaptation in fungi. Solanapyrones are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi occupying different ecological niches. Full-genome sequencing of the ascomycete Ascochyta rabiei revealed a solanapyrone biosynthesis gene cluster embedded in an AT-rich region proximal to a telomere end and surrounded by Tc1/Mariner-type transposable elements. The highly AT-rich environment of the solanapyrone cluster is likely the product of repeat-induced point mutations. Several secondary metabolism-related genes were found in the flanking regions of the solanapyrone cluster. Although the solanapyrone cluster appears to be resistant to repeat-induced point mutations, a P450 monooxygenase gene adjacent to the cluster has been degraded by such mutations. Among the six solanapyrone cluster genes (sol1 to sol6), sol4 encodes a novel type of Zn(II)2Cys6 zinc cluster transcription factor. Deletion of sol4 resulted in the complete loss of solanapyrone production but did not compromise growth, sporulation, or virulence. Gene expression studies with the sol4 deletion and sol4-overexpressing mutants delimited the boundaries of the solanapyrone gene cluster and revealed that sol4 is likely a specific regulator of solanapyrone biosynthesis and appears to be necessary and sufficient for induction of the solanapyrone cluster genes. Despite the dynamic surrounding genomic regions, the solanapyrone gene cluster has maintained its integrity, suggesting important roles of solanapyrones in fungal biology. C1 [Kim, Wonyong; Peever, Tobin L.; Chen, Weidong] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Park, Jeong-Jin; Gang, David R.] Washington State Univ, Inst Biol Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Weidong] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, WD (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM w-chen@wsu.edu FU USDA Cool Season Food Legume Research Program; USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council; National Science Foundation [DBI-1229749] FX The research reported in this publication was supported in part by the USDA Cool Season Food Legume Research Program and by the USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council. Mass spectrometric analysis was performed on an instrument acquired through a major research instrumentation grant (DBI-1229749) from the National Science Foundation to David R. Gang. The genome sequence data of D. exigua (CBS 183.55) were produced by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (http://www.jgi.doe.gov/) in collaboration with the user community. NR 84 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1535-9778 EI 1535-9786 J9 EUKARYOT CELL JI Eukaryot. Cell PD NOV PY 2015 VL 14 IS 11 BP 1102 EP 1113 DI 10.1128/EC.00084-15 PG 12 WC Microbiology; Mycology SC Microbiology; Mycology GA CU8SQ UT WOS:000363814000007 PM 26342019 ER PT J AU Vanhove, W Vanhoudt, N Bhanu, KRM Abubeker, S Feng, Y Yu, M Van Damme, P Zhang, A AF Vanhove, W. Vanhoudt, N. Bhanu, K. R. M. Abubeker, S. Feng, Y. Yu, M. Van Damme, P. Zhang, A. TI Geometric isomers of sex pheromone components do not affect attractancy of Conopomorpha cramerella in cocoa plantations SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE (E,E,Z)-4,6; 10-hexadecatrienyl acetate; (E,Z,Z)4,6; 10-hexadecatrienyl acetate; chemical synthesis; cocoa pod borer; integrated pest management; Theobroma cacao ID POD BORER MOTH; CYDIA-POMONELLA; LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE; SABAH; KILL; GRACILLARIIDAE; POPULATION; MALAYSIA; FIELDS AB The cocoa pod borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen), sex pheromone was previously identified as a blend of (E,Z,Z)- and (E,E,Z)-4,6,10-hexadecatrienyl acetates and corresponding alcohols. These pheromone components were synthesized by modification of an existing method and the relative attractiveness of synthetic blends that included different levels of non-target pheromone components and chemical purities was tested in a cocoa field using Delta traps. Male captures were not significantly different among traps baited with pheromone blends containing 5% to 47% (based on four identified pheromone components) of other geometric acetates [(E,Z,E)-, (Z,Z,Z)-, (Z,E,Z)- and (Z,E,E)-4,6,10-hexadecatrienyl acetates], indicating that C.cramerella males did not discriminate among the pheromone components and other geometric isomers in the blends. Therefore, neither antagonistic nor synergistic effects from other pheromone geometric isomers were observed. The modified synthetic pathway offers the prospect of more economical production of CPB sex pheromone. During 17weeks when C.cramerella monitoring coincided with the main cocoa pod harvest period in 2013-2014, CPB trap catch data from some blends showed a good correlation with the number of pods with C.cramerella infestation symptoms. C1 [Vanhove, W.; Van Damme, P.] Univ Ghent, Dept Plant Prod, Lab Trop & Subtrop Agr & Ethnobot, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Vanhoudt, N.] Barry Callebaut Malaysia Sdn Bhd, Padang Tengku, Kuala Lipis, Malaysia. [Bhanu, K. R. M.] Pest Control India Pvt Ltd BCRL, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Abubeker, S.; Feng, Y.; Yu, M.; Zhang, A.] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Yu, M.] China Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Nutr Engn, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Van Damme, P.] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Trop AgriSci, Prague, Czech Republic. RP Zhang, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM aijun.zhang@ars.usda.gov FU Barry Callebaut AG FX We thank Dr. David Hall, the Natural Resources Institute (NRI), Greenwich, UK, for generous gift of CPB pheromone sample and crucial assistance during chemical synthesis of CPB pheromone. The authors also thank Barry Callebaut AG for financing and facilitating the fieldwork of this study. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 EI 1439-0418 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 139 IS 9 BP 660 EP 668 DI 10.1111/jen.12212 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CU6XG UT WOS:000363677800003 ER PT J AU Kelly, JT Lerner, DT O'Dea, MF Regish, AM Monette, MY Hawkes, JP Nislow, KH McCormick, SD AF Kelly, J. T. Lerner, D. T. O'Dea, M. F. Regish, A. M. Monette, M. Y. Hawkes, J. P. Nislow, K. H. McCormick, S. D. TI Evidence for episodic acidification effects on migrating Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aluminium; Maine; north-eastern USA; osmoregulation; pH; stress ID SHORT-TERM ACID; SEAWATER TOLERANCE; ALUMINUM EXPOSURE; MARINE SURVIVAL; WATER; PHYSIOLOGY; RIVERS; PARR; TRANSFORMATION; IMPACTS AB Field studies were conducted to determine levels of gill aluminium as an index of acidification effects on migrating Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts in the north-eastern U.S.A. along mainstem river migration corridors in several major river basins. Smolts emigrating from the Connecticut River, where most (but not all) tributaries were well buffered, had low or undetectable levels of gill aluminium and high gill Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity. In contrast, smolts emigrating from the upper Merrimack River basin where most tributaries are characterized by low pH and high inorganic aluminium had consistently elevated gill aluminium and lower gill NKA activity, which may explain the low adult return rates of S. salar stocked into the upper Merrimack catchment. In the Sheepscot, Narraguagus and Penobscot Rivers in Maine, river and year-specific effects on gill aluminium were detected that appeared to be driven by underlying geology and high spring discharge. The results indicate that episodic acidification is affecting S. salar smolts in poorly buffered streams in New England and may help explain variation in S. salar survival and abundance among rivers and among years, with implications for the conservation and recovery of S. salar in the north-eastern U.S.A. These results suggest that the physiological condition of outmigrating smolts may serve as a large-scale sentinel of landscape-level recovery of atmospheric pollution in this and other parts of the North Atlantic region. C1 [Kelly, J. T.; Lerner, D. T.; O'Dea, M. F.; Regish, A. M.; Monette, M. Y.; McCormick, S. D.] USGS Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. [Kelly, J. T.; Nislow, K. H.; McCormick, S. D.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Lerner, D. T.; Monette, M. Y.; Nislow, K. H.] Univ Massachusetts, Organism & Evolutionary Biol Program, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Hawkes, J. P.] Maine Field Stn, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Orono, ME 04473 USA. [Nislow, K. H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, Res Unit NE 4251, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Kelly, JT (reprint author), Univ New Haven, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, 300 Boston Post Rd, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. EM jkelly@newhaven.edu FU Northeast States Research Cooperative FX We dedicate this paper in memory of our co-author, colleague and dear friend Michael F. O'Dea who passed away on 2 August, 2015; he is greatly missed. We thank J. McKeon (USFWS) and C. Mooney and colleagues of Public Service of New Hampshire for their help in conducting smolt collections at the Pemigewasset River. We thank B. Stira (First Light Power Resources) and B. Adams and students of Greenfield Community College for their help in conducting smolt collections at the Connecticut River. We would like to thank C. Lipsky, P. Ruksznis as well as all other NOAA and Maine Department of Marine Resources staff who assisted in smolt and water-quality sample collection. Thanks also to J. Magee for helpful comments on an early draft of this manuscript. This study was funded in part by a grant from the Northeast States Research Cooperative. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1112 EI 1095-8649 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 87 IS 5 BP 1129 EP 1146 DI 10.1111/jfb.12763 PG 18 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CU5RT UT WOS:000363590400001 PM 26399385 ER PT J AU Chang, S Gavey, E AF Chang, Sarah Gavey, Erica TI SuperTracker Groups: Connecting Registered Dietitian Nutritionists with Clients SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Chang, Sarah] USDA, Off Nutr Mkt & Commun, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. [Gavey, Erica] Panum Grp, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Chang, S (reprint author), USDA, Off Nutr Mkt & Commun, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 EI 2212-2680 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 115 IS 11 BP 1755 EP 1757 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2015.09.006 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CU9OI UT WOS:000363873500002 PM 26514719 ER PT J AU Dwyer, JT AF Dwyer, Johanna T. TI Trailblazer Lecture: Why Are Processed Foods So Controversial? SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN-DIETETIC-ASSOCIATION; DIETARY GUIDELINES; NUTRITION; US; FORTIFICATION; POSITION; ADULTS; SUPPLEMENTS; NUTRIENTS; CHILDREN C1 [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Tufts Med Ctr, Frances Stern Nutr Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Dwyer, JT (reprint author), Box 783,800 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jdwyer1@tuftsmedicalcenter.org OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 EI 2212-2680 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 115 IS 11 BP 1871 EP 1876 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2015.09.002 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CU9OI UT WOS:000363873500015 PM 26514721 ER PT J AU Forrester, JA Mladenoff, DJ D'Amato, AW Fraver, S Lindner, DL Brazee, NJ Clayton, MK Gower, ST AF Forrester, J. A. Mladenoff, D. J. D'Amato, A. W. Fraver, S. Lindner, D. L. Brazee, N. J. Clayton, M. K. Gower, S. T. TI Temporal trends and sources of variation in carbon flux from coarse woody debris in experimental forest canopy openings SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Canopy gap; Carbon flux; Coarse woody debris; Heterotrophic respiration; Stumps; Wood-decay fungi ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; SITKA SPRUCE FORESTS; DECAY-RATES; OLD-GROWTH; DECOMPOSITION RATES; ROOT DECOMPOSITION; CONIFEROUS FOREST; OLYMPIC PENINSULA; INHABITING FUNGI; CLEAR-CUT AB Pulses of respiration from coarse woody debris (CWD) have been observed immediately following canopy disturbances, but it is unclear how long these pulses are sustained. Several factors are known to influence carbon flux rates from CWD, but few studies have evaluated more than temperature and moisture. We experimentally manipulated forest structure in a second-growth northern hardwood forest and measured CO2 flux periodically for seven growing seasons following gap creation. We present an analysis of which factors, including the composition of the wood-decay fungal community influence CO2 flux. CO2 flux from CWD was strongly and positively related to wood temperature and varied significantly between substrate types (logs vs. stumps). For five growing seasons after treatment, the CO2 flux of stumps reached rates up to seven times higher than that of logs. CO2 flux of logs did not differ significantly between canopy-gap and closed-canopy conditions in the fourth through seventh post-treatment growing seasons. By the seventh season, the seasonal carbon flux of both logs and stumps had decreased significantly from prior years. Linear mixed models indicated the variation in the wood inhabiting fungal community composition explained a significant portion of variability in the CO2 flux along with measures of substrate conditions. CO2 flux rates were inversely related to fungal diversity, with logs hosting more species but emitting less CO2 than stumps. Overall, our results suggest that the current treatment of CWD in dynamic forest carbon models may be oversimplified, thereby hampering our ability to predict realistic carbon fluxes associated with wood decomposition. C1 [Forrester, J. A.; Mladenoff, D. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [D'Amato, A. W.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Fraver, S.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Lindner, D. L.] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Brazee, N. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Agr, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Clayton, M. K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Gower, S. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Forrester, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jforrester@wisc.edu FU US Department of Agriculture Biomass Research and Development Initiative FX This study was supported by the US Department of Agriculture Biomass Research and Development Initiative. The Wisconsin DNR Division of Forestry and WI DNR Bureau of Integrated Science Services, Pittman-Robertson Funds provided support for establishing the Flambeau Experiment. We greatly appreciated assistance from field crews, especially Tera Lewandowski, Emily Lannoye, Jason Schatz, and Amy Milo. Thanks to the staff at the Flambeau River State Forest, especially Heidi Brunkow. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD NOV PY 2015 VL 179 IS 3 BP 889 EP 900 DI 10.1007/s00442-015-3393-4 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CU5GK UT WOS:000363559800025 PM 26201261 ER PT J AU Beck, JJ Porter, N Cook, D Gee, WS Griffith, CM Rands, AD Truong, TV Smith, L Roman, IS AF Beck, John J. Porter, Nathan Cook, Daniel Gee, Wai S. Griffith, Corey M. Rands, Anthony D. Truong, Tai V. Smith, Lincoln Roman, Itxaso San TI In-field Volatile Analysis Employing a Hand-held Portable GC-MS: Emission Profiles Differentiate Damaged and Undamaged Yellow Starthistle Flower Heads SO PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Semiochemicals; plant volatiles; in situ ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CENTAUREA-SOLSTITIALIS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPH; MECHANICAL DAMAGE; PLANT VOLATILES; SPECTROMETRY; INSECTS; BEETLE; WEEDS AB IntroductionUnderstanding the complex chemical signalling of plants and insects is an important component of chemical ecology. Accordingly, the collection and analysis of chemical cues from plants in their natural environment is integral to elucidation of plant-insect communications. Remote plant locations and the need for a large number of replicates make in situ headspace analyses a daunting logistical challenge. A hand-held, portable GC-MS system was used to discriminate between damaged and undamaged Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle) flower heads in both a potted-plant and natural setting. ObjectiveTo determine if a portable GC-MS system was capable of distinguishing between undamaged and mechanically damaged plant treatments, and plant environments. MethodologyA portable GC-MS utilising needle trap adsorbent technology was used to collect and analyse in situ headspace volatiles of varying yellow starthistle treatments. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to distinguish treatments and identify biomarker volatiles. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine differences between treatment volatile amounts. ResultsThe portable GC-MS system detected 31 volatiles from the four treatments. Each GC-MS run was completed in less than 3min. PCA showed four distinct clusters representing the four treatments - damaged and undamaged potted plant, and damaged and undamaged natural plant. Damage-specific volatiles were identified. ConclusionThe portable GC-MS system distinguished the treatments based on their detected volatile profiles. Additional statistical analysis identified five possible biomarker volatiles for the treatments, among them cyclosativene and copaene, which indicated damaged flower heads. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. A hand-held, portable GC-MS system was used to discriminate between damaged and undamaged Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle) flower heads in both a potted-plant and natural setting. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to distinguish treatments and identify biomarker volatiles. The portable GC-MS system distinguished the treatments based on their detected volatile profiles. Statistical analysis identified five possible biomarker volatiles for the treatments, among them cyclosativene and copaene, which indicated damaged flower heads. C1 [Beck, John J.; Gee, Wai S.; Griffith, Corey M.; Roman, Itxaso San] USDA, ARS, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Beck, John J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Porter, Nathan; Rands, Anthony D.; Truong, Tai V.] Torion Technol Inc, Amer Fork, UT USA. [Cook, Daniel] USDA, ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Smith, Lincoln] USDA, ARS, European Biol Control Lab, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Beck, JJ (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM john.beck@ars.usda.gov OI Griffith, Corey/0000-0001-9104-9501 FU USDA-ARS [5325-42000-037]; California Department of Food and Agriculture [SCB12061] FX The authors wish to thank N. Mahoney and N. Baig (ARS) for technical assistance and helpful discussions, and M.I. Wibawa for providing potted plants. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. This work was performed under USDA-ARS project number 5325-42000-037 and with funding from the California Department of Food and Agriculture agreement number SCB12061. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0958-0344 EI 1099-1565 J9 PHYTOCHEM ANALYSIS JI Phytochem. Anal. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 26 IS 6 BP 395 EP 403 DI 10.1002/pca.2573 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA CU2DH UT WOS:000363332400002 PM 26095961 ER PT J AU Oliveira, TFB Bertechini, AG Bricka, RM Hester, PY Kim, EJ Gerard, PD Peebles, ED AF Oliveira, T. F. B. Bertechini, A. G. Bricka, R. M. Hester, P. Y. Kim, E. J. Gerard, P. D. Peebles, E. D. TI Effects of in ovo injection of organic trace minerals and post-hatch holding time on broiler performance and bone characteristics SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bone quality; in ovo supplementation; mineralization; posthatch ID EARLY FEED RESTRICTION; DEVELOPING CHICK-EMBRYO; SOMATIC CHARACTERISTICS; NUTRIENT PROFILES; GROWTH; 25-HYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROL; CALCIUM; HATCHABILITY; DEFICIENCY; MANGANESE AB Effects of the in ovo injection of organic Mn, Zn, and Cu in association with post-hatch (POH) feed and water restriction on the performance and physical-chemical bone parameters of male Ross x Ross 708 broilers were examined. On 17 d of incubation, a total of 1,872 eggs were subjected to in ovo injection using a commercial multi-egg injector. Treatments (TRT) includingd non-injected and diluent-injected controls. The respective Zn, Mn, and Cu levels (mg/mL) added to the diluent of the low (LMD) and high mineral (HMD) TRT groups were 0.181, 0.087, and 0.010, and 0.544, 0.260, and 0.030, respectively. The 4 TRT groups were then sub-divided into 2 POH holding time (HT) groups, with 15 birds randomly allocated to each of 6 replicate pens in each of the 8 groups. The first HT group (0HT) had immediate access to water and feed, and the second HT group (24HT) contained birds that were kept in transport baskets for 24 h before being released. Performance was determined and selected birds were subsequently necropsied and their tibiae extracted for analysis. In comparison to birds from 24HT group, those in the 0HT group had a higher BW gain and feed intake, and a lower FCR through 21 d POH. The percentage of bone ash of the birds belonging to the HMD group was higher than all other TRT on d 1 POH and was higher than the non-injection control group on d 21 POH. On d 1, the LMD and HMD groups had higher tibial Mn concentrations than those of the control groups. On d 7, bones from the HMD group had a higher concentration of Mn than did the non-injected control group, and likewise, on d 21 POH, had a higher concentration of Zn than did the control groups. In conclusion, a 24HT negatively affected the performance of the birds during the first 2 wk POH; however, the LMD and HMD TRT had a positive influence on bone mineralization. C1 [Oliveira, T. F. B.; Bertechini, A. G.] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Anim Sci, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Bricka, R. M.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hester, P. Y.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kim, E. J.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gerard, P. D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Peebles, E. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Peebles, ED (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM d.peebles@msstate.edu FU CNPq FX We express appreciation for the financial support of CNPq and the expert technical assistance of Sharon K. Womack, Katie Collins and Opeyemi Olojede of the Mississippi State University Poultry Science Department. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 94 IS 11 BP 2677 EP 2685 DI 10.3382/ps/pev249 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA CU7HX UT WOS:000363708400012 PM 26450915 ER PT J AU Dendy, J Cordell, S Giardina, CP Hwang, B Polloi, E Rengulbai, K AF Dendy, Julian Cordell, Susan Giardina, Christian P. Hwang, Bernice Polloi, Edwin Rengulbai, Kashgar TI The role of remnant forest patches for habitat restoration in degraded areas of Palau SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE assisted regeneration; Babeldaob; birds; flying fox; nucleation; Pacific Islands ID BIRD SPECIES RICHNESS; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; APPLIED NUCLEATION; MONTANE FOREST; TREE ISLANDS; LOS-TUXTLAS; RECRUITMENT; SUCCESSION; STRATEGY; PASTURES AB To be successful, prescriptions for tropical forest restoration should facilitate natural recovery while also being easy to implement and inexpensive. In the Lake Ngardok Nature Reserve, Palau, we monitored native forest patches (4-275 m(2)) over 3 years to assess the influence of several low-cost restoration methods on patch expansion, growth of naturally established tree saplings, density of naturally establishing tree seedlings, growth of planted tree seedlings, flower and fruit production, and bird and flying fox visitations. Treatments included fertilization, trimming of surrounding herbaceous vegetation, mulching of patch perimeters, and planting native tree seedlings. Fertilized patches expanded faster and were associated with higher growth rates of perimeter saplings, higher fruit and flower production and growth of adjacent planted Acacia auriculiformis trees. Trimming perimeter vegetation led to higher tree seedling densities and species diversity, but both trimming and fertilizer effects on patch perimeter measures decreased over time. Pterocarpus indicus, a high value native legume, was the fastest growing planted tree species. The most common visitors were small, omnivorous, predominately endemic bird species. Visitations to fertilized patches were more frequent than to non-fertilized patches. The strongest predictors of visitation frequency were patch area, mean number of total fruits, and mean height of nearest neighboring trees. We conclude that forest succession can be accelerated by applying small amounts of fertilizer (approximately 22.5 g/m(2) per application) to enhance tree growth and increase visitation rates of native pollinators and dispersers. C1 [Dendy, Julian] Coral Reef Res Fdn, Koror 96940, PW, Palau. [Dendy, Julian; Cordell, Susan; Giardina, Christian P.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Hwang, Bernice] Natl Ecol Observ Network Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Polloi, Edwin; Rengulbai, Kashgar] Bur Agr, Palau Forestry, Koror 96940, PW, Palau. RP Dendy, J (reprint author), Coral Reef Res Fdn, POB 1765, Koror 96940, PW, Palau. EM jdendy@hawaii.edu RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073 FU Republic of Palau Forestry Department; University of Hawaii at Hilo Tropical Conservation Biology and Environmental Science program; Pacific Internship Program for Exploring Science; USDA Forest Service International Program; Institute of Pacific Island Forestry-Pacific Southwest Research Station; Conservation International-Critical Ecosystem Protection Fund FX We thank the following for financial support of this project: The Republic of Palau Forestry Department; The University of Hawaii at Hilo Tropical Conservation Biology and Environmental Science program, the Pacific Internship Program for Exploring Science; the USDA Forest Service International Program and the Institute of Pacific Island Forestry-Pacific Southwest Research Station; and the Conservation International-Critical Ecosystem Protection Fund. We thank D. Mesubed, B. Tebelak, O. Sadang, L. Mamis, and the nursery staff of Palau Forestry, E. Questad and D. Giardina, who helped with island measurements, establishing treatments, and propagation of tree species used for outplanting. Special thanks to Colin Joseph and Melekeok State, Coral Reef Research Foundation, and The Environment Inc. for providing living quarters and administrative support for this project. Thanks to B. Gavenda of NRCS Guam, Palau Conservation Society and The Nature Conservancy Palau Field Office for resource support. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 23 IS 6 BP 872 EP 881 DI 10.1111/rec.12268 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CU6VA UT WOS:000363671300017 ER PT J AU Poland, TM Ciaramitaro, TM Emery, MR Crook, DJ Pigeon, E Pigeon, A AF Poland, Therese M. Ciaramitaro, Tina M. Emery, Marla R. Crook, Damon J. Pigeon, Ed Pigeon, Angie TI Submergence of black ash logs to control emerald ash borer and preserve wood for American Indian basketmaking SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; basketmaking; black ash; emerald ash borer; Fraxinus nigra; submergence ID TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE; AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS; COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; NORTH-AMERICA; PINE-BEETLE; WATER; SCOLYTIDAE; SURVIVAL; MOISTURE; FOREST AB Indigenous artisans in the Great Lakes region rely on the ring-porous property of black ash Fraxinus nigraMarshall (Oleaceae), which allows annual layers of xylem to be easily separated to make baskets that are important economic resources and vessels of culture. The emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennisFairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is threatening North America's ash resource, including black ash and this centuries-old art form, resulting in grave concern about the availability of black ash trees for basketmaking and about movement of black ash (along with A. planipennis) from areas where it is cut to lands where it is pounded and split to make baskets. We evaluated the traditional practice of storing black ash logs submerged in water as a possible method for killing within-tree life stages of A. planipennis at the same time as preserving the wood's value for basketmaking. Black ash trees infested with overwintering A. planipennis larvae were felled and cut into 60-cm bolts in 2010 and in 2011. These were submerged in a river for different lengths of time and, after treatment, placed into rearing tubes to determine survival and adult emergence, or dissected within 24h to determine larval mortality, and then pounded and peeled into splints to assess colour and pliability. In 2010, all A. planipennis larvae had died and no adults emerged from logs submerged in spring for 10weeks or longer, whereas some larvae survived and adults emerged from logs submerged for up to 9weeks. In 2011, submergence for 18weeks during winter or 14weeks in spring resulted in complete mortality of A. planipennis larvae and no emergence of adults at the same time as still preserving wood quality for basketmaking. C1 [Poland, Therese M.; Ciaramitaro, Tina M.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Lansing, MI 49601 USA. [Emery, Marla R.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Crook, Damon J.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Otis Lab, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. [Pigeon, Ed; Pigeon, Angie] Match E Be Nash She Wish Band Potawatomi Indians, Dorr, MI 49323 USA. RP Poland, TM (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 3101 Technol Blvd,Ste F, Lansing, MI 49601 USA. EM tpoland@fs.fed.us NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-9555 EI 1461-9563 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 17 IS 4 BP 412 EP 420 DI 10.1111/afe.12122 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CU0KB UT WOS:000363203900008 ER PT J AU Bentz, BJ Boone, C Raffa, KF AF Bentz, Barbara J. Boone, Celia Raffa, Kenneth F. TI Tree response and mountain pine beetle attack preference, reproduction and emergence timing in mixed whitebark and lodgepole pine stands SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bark beetle; Dendroctonus ponderosae; monoterpene; Pinus albicaulis; Pinus contorta; tree defence ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BARK BEETLES; PONDEROSA PINE; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE; COLEOPTERA-SCOLYTIDAE; MONOTERPENE VARIATION; CHEMICAL DEFENSES; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; RANGE EXPANSION; 4-ALLYLANISOLE AB Mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) is an important disturbance agent in Pinus ecosystems of western North America, historically causing significant tree mortality. Most recorded outbreaks have occurred in mid elevation lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta). In warm years, tree mortality also occurs at higher elevations in mixed species stands. Mountain pine beetle's relative preference for and performance in Pinus species that either commonly or less frequently encounter this insect has received little direct testing. Further, knowledge of the relative proportions of secondary compounds, which can differ among Pinus species and play important roles in attack rates and outcomes, is important to understanding host suitability. We monitored mountain pine beetle attacks, adult emergence timing and reproductive capacity in lodgepole and whitebark (Pinus albicaulis) pines growing in mixed stands at relatively high elevation. Phloem monoterpene chemistry of trees prior to and during attack was compared within and between species. Although beetles attacked lodgepole pine more frequently, lodgepole pines also resisted attacks more frequently. Overall, there were equal numbers of lethal attacks between species. Brood production and adult emergence timing did not differ between tree species. The relative composition of secondary compounds differed by tree species, although both species contained compounds that affect mountain pine beetle attack and reproductive success. C1 [Bentz, Barbara J.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Boone, Celia] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Biol Control & Spatial Ecol Lab, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Raffa, Kenneth F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Bentz, BJ (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 860 North 1200 East, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM bbentz@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; University of Wisconsin-Madison FX We thank Matt Hansen, Jim Vandygriff, Andy Lerch, Laura Lancaster, Mark Wagner and Rochelle Jansen for their assistance in the field, as well as the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station and the University of Wisconsin-Madison for funding. We also thank three anonymous reviewers for their critical reviews. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest related to the publication of the data. NR 67 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-9555 EI 1461-9563 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 17 IS 4 BP 421 EP 432 DI 10.1111/afe.12124 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CU0KB UT WOS:000363203900009 ER PT J AU Nalepa, CA Swink, WG Basham, JP Merten, P AF Nalepa, Christine A. Swink, Whitney G. Basham, Joshua P. Merten, Paul TI Comparison of Buprestidae collected by Cerceris fumipennis (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) with those collected by purple prism traps SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biosurveillance; emerald ash borer; forest health; pest detection; solitary wasp ID BORER COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS COL.; NORTH-CAROLINA; STICKY TRAPS; LOW-DENSITY; CAPTURE; NESTS; PREY AB Detection of low-level infestations of pest Buprestidae such as emerald ash borer is crucial for their effective management, but the efficiency of trapping techniques varies. In the present study, we compare two nondestructive methods for monitoring metallic wood-boring beetles. Buprestidae captured by the wasp Cerceris fumipennis Say (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) were compared with those captured by USDA-APHIS-PPQ standard issue purple prism traps (PPTs) at three sites in North Carolina, U.S.A. At each site, four PPTs were hung on trees at the edge of a known C. fumipennis nest aggregation, and changed at 5.5-7.0-week intervals. Buprestids were collected from hunting wasps once a week during their 5-6-week activity period. A total of 28 buprestids (seven species) were caught by traps, whereas 267 buprestids (35 species) were collected from C. fumipennis. Of buprestids captured by PPTs, 22 were caught during the pre-flight period of C. fumipennis, six during their flight period and none during the post-flight period. One species of Agrilus Curtis was captured by PPTs, while six Agrilus species were captured by wasps. Of the 38 identified buprestid species taken at these sites, only four were recovered at a given location by both methods. Although a standardized comparison of the two techniques is not feasible, C. fumipennis captured a greater number and diversity of Buprestidae than did PPTs. A combination of both techniques may provide the most complete temporal coverage of buprestid activity in a given area, provided that a nesting aggregation of C. fumipennis is available. C1 [Nalepa, Christine A.; Swink, Whitney G.] North Carolina Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Beneficial Insects Lab, Div Plant Ind, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. [Basham, Joshua P.] Tennessee State Univ, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, Coll Agr Human & Nat Sci, Mcminnville, TN 37110 USA. [Merten, Paul] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect Southern Reg, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Nalepa, CA (reprint author), North Carolina Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Beneficial Insects Lab, Div Plant Ind, 1060 Mail Serv Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. EM christine.nalepa@ncagr.gov FU Forest Health Protection, USDA Forest Service [10-DG-11083137-002] FX We thank Walter Sloan, Don Magoon, James Hayes, Cynthia Sellinger and Lynn Warren for permission to work on their softball diamonds; Logan Williams, Jason Moan and Jesse Anderson for technical assistance; and Colleen Teerling for discussion. The present study was funded in part by Forest Health Protection, USDA Forest Service (#10-DG-11083137-002); we appreciate the support of Don Duerr. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-9555 EI 1461-9563 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 17 IS 4 BP 445 EP 450 DI 10.1111/afe.12114 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CU0KB UT WOS:000363203900012 ER PT J AU Korripally, P Hunt, CG Houtman, CJ Jones, DC Kitin, PJ Cullen, D Hammel, KE AF Korripally, Premsagar Hunt, Christopher G. Houtman, Carl J. Jones, Don C. Kitin, Peter J. Cullen, Dan Hammel, Kenneth E. TI Regulation of Gene Expression during the Onset of Ligninolytic Oxidation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium on Spruce Wood SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WHITE-ROT FUNGUS; CERIPORIOPSIS-SUBVERMISPORA; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; SYNTHETIC LIGNIN; CELLOBIOSE DEHYDROGENASE; MANGANESE PEROXIDASES; BJERKANDERA-ADUSTA; VERATRYL ALCOHOL; DEGRADATION; DATABASE AB Since uncertainty remains about how white rot fungi oxidize and degrade lignin in wood, it would be useful to monitor changes in fungal gene expression during the onset of ligninolysis on a natural substrate. We grew Phanerochaete chrysosporium on solid spruce wood and included oxidant-sensing beads bearing the fluorometric dye BODIPY 581/591 in the cultures. Confocal fluorescence microscopy of the beads showed that extracellular oxidation commenced 2 to 3 days after inoculation, coincident with cessation of fungal growth. Whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses based on the v.2.2 P. chrysosporium genome identified 356 genes whose transcripts accumulated to relatively high levels at 96 h and were at least four times the levels found at 40 h. Transcripts encoding some lignin peroxidases, manganese peroxidases, and auxiliary enzymes thought to support their activity showed marked apparent upregulation. The data were also consistent with the production of ligninolytic extracellular reactive oxygen species by the action of manganese peroxidase-catalyzed lipid peroxidation, cellobiose dehydrogenase-catalyzed Fe3+ reduction, and oxidase-catalyzed H2O2 production, but the data do not support a role for iron-chelating glycopeptides. In addition, transcripts encoding a variety of proteins with possible roles in lignin fragment uptake and processing, including 27 likely transporters and 18 cytochrome P450s, became more abundant after the onset of extracellular oxidation. Genes encoding cellulases showed little apparent upregulation and thus may be expressed constitutively. Transcripts corresponding to 165 genes of unknown function accumulated more than 4-fold after oxidation commenced, and some of them may merit investigation as possible contributors to ligninolysis. C1 [Korripally, Premsagar] Mahatma Gandhi Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Nalgonda, India. [Hunt, Christopher G.; Houtman, Carl J.; Jones, Don C.; Kitin, Peter J.; Cullen, Dan; Hammel, Kenneth E.] US Forest Serv, Madison, WI USA. [Cullen, Dan; Hammel, Kenneth E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Cullen, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Madison, WI USA. EM dcullen@wisc.edu; kehammel@wisc.edu RI Hammel, Kenneth/G-1890-2011; Kitin, Peter/D-9244-2014 OI Hammel, Kenneth/0000-0002-2935-5847; FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-SC0006929] FX This work was supported by grant DE-SC0006929 (K.E.H., C.G.H., and C.J.H.) from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research. NR 56 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 10 U2 46 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 81 IS 22 BP 7802 EP 7812 DI 10.1128/AEM.02064-15 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA CU3YY UT WOS:000363463800013 PM 26341198 ER PT J AU Youn, UJ Sripisut, T Park, EJ Kondratyuk, TP Fatima, N Simmons, CJ Wall, MM Sun, DQ Pezzuto, JM Chang, LC AF Youn, Ui Joung Sripisut, Tawanun Park, Eun-Jung Kondratyuk, Tamara P. Fatima, Nighat Simmons, Charles J. Wall, Marisa M. Sun, Dianqing Pezzuto, John M. Chang, Leng Chee TI Determination of the absolute configuration of chaetoviridins and other bioactive azaphilones from the endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Chaetomium globosum; Wikstroemia uva-ursi; Azaphilone; X-ray crystallography; Anti-inflammatory activity ID MARINE-FISH; CYTOTOXIC METABOLITES; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITIES; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; CHAETOMUGILINS; STEREOCHEMISTRY AB Chemical investigation of an endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum isolated from leaves of Wikstroemia uva-ursi led to the isolation of two new azaphilones, chaetoviridins J and K (1 and 3), along with five known derivatives (2 and 4-7). The structures of azaphilones were determined by NMR, X-ray diffraction, Mosher's method, and CD analysis. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cancer chemopreventive-potential based on their abilities to inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B). Compounds 4, 5, 7, and synthetic 8 and 9 inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production with IC50 values in the range of 0.3-5.8 mu M. Compounds 4, 5, and 9 also displayed (TNF-alpha)-induced NF-kappa B activity with IC50 values in the range of 0.9-5.1 mu M. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Youn, Ui Joung; Sripisut, Tawanun; Park, Eun-Jung; Kondratyuk, Tamara P.; Fatima, Nighat; Sun, Dianqing; Pezzuto, John M.; Chang, Leng Chee] Univ Hawaii, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Daniel K Inouye Coll Pharm, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Youn, Ui Joung] KIOST, Korea Polar Res Inst, Div Life Sci, Inchon 406840, South Korea. [Simmons, Charles J.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Chem, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Wall, Marisa M.] USDA, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Chang, LC (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Daniel K Inouye Coll Pharm, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM lengchee@hawaii.edu FU NCRR INBRE Program [P20 RR016467]; Hawaii Community Foundation - United States; NCI Program [P01CA48112]; Korea Polar Research Institute - South Korea, KOPRI [PM14050] FX This study was financially supported by the NCRR INBRE Program P20 RR016467, Hawaii Community Foundation - United States (to L. C.C.), and NCI Program Project P01CA48112 (to J.M.P.). This work was also supported by a grant to the Korea Polar Research Institute - South Korea, KOPRI, under a project PM14050. We thank H. S. Shin, National center for inter University Research Facilities, Seoul National University, for the provision of the Mass Spectrometry Facility used in this study. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-894X EI 1464-3405 J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 25 IS 21 BP 4719 EP 4723 DI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.08.063 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA CU1IV UT WOS:000363275400004 PM 26343828 ER PT J AU Cerin, E O'Connor, TM Mendoza, JA Thompson, DI Lee, RE Hughes, SO Baranowski, T AF Cerin, Ester O'Connor, Teresia M. Mendoza, Jason A. Thompson, Deborah I. Lee, Rebecca E. Hughes, Sheryl O. Baranowski, Tom TI A Child-Centered Scale of Informal Social Control for Latino Parents of Preschool-Age Children: Development and Validation SO HISPANIC JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE preschool-age children; Latino; physical activity; informal social control; factorial structure ID COVARIANCE STRUCTURE-ANALYSIS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; COLLECTIVE EFFICACY; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; YOUNG-CHILDREN; CRIME; PERCEPTIONS; RELIABILITY; TRACKING; OBESITY AB Perceived neighborhood informal social control may determine whether parents allow their young children to be physically active in the neighborhood. We developed and validated a scale of neighborhood child-centered informal social control appropriate for Latino parents of preschool-age children. The scale was administered to 240 Latino parents, mainly mothers, recruited from neighborhoods cross-stratified by objectively measured crime and traffic safety. Participants completed measures of community cohesion, perceived signs of physical and social disorder, traffic safety and hazards, and perceived stranger danger. A subsample was reassessed 1 week later to determine test-retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were conducted to examine the fit of the data to a priori measurement models. Construct validity was assessed by estimating the associations of the scale with the other measures. The scale showed good test-retest reliability, and factorial and construct validity. The scale needs to be cross-validated on other samples and Latino fathers. C1 [Cerin, Ester] Deakin Univ, Ctr Phys Activ & Nutr Res, Phys Activ & Hlth, Geelong, Vic 3217, Australia. [Cerin, Ester] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Cerin, Ester] Australian Res Council, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [O'Connor, Teresia M.; Thompson, Deborah I.; Baranowski, Tom] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Pediat Behav Nutr & Phys Activ, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [O'Connor, Teresia M.; Thompson, Deborah I.] Baylor Coll Med, Acad Gen Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mendoza, Jason A.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lee, Rebecca E.] Arizona State Univ, Coll Nursing & Hlth Innovat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Hughes, Sheryl O.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Cerin, E (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM ecerin@hku.hk RI Cerin, Ester/L-1271-2015 OI Cerin, Ester/0000-0002-7599-165X FU National Institutes of Health (NIH)-Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [R21HD060925]; Australian Research Council [FT140100085]; [K07CA131178] FX The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study was funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH)-Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R21HD060925). This work is a publication of the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) through a cooperative agreement (USDA/ARS 6250-51000-053-20S). Jason A. Mendoza was supported, in part, by a career development award (K07CA131178). Ester Cerin is supported by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT140100085). NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0739-9863 EI 1552-6364 J9 HISPANIC J BEHAV SCI JI Hisp. J. Behav. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 37 IS 4 BP 541 EP 559 DI 10.1177/0739986315601616 PG 19 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA CU1KX UT WOS:000363281400005 ER PT J AU Harlow, BE Donley, TM Lawrence, LM Flythe, MD AF Harlow, B. E. Donley, T. M. Lawrence, L. M. Flythe, M. D. TI Effect of starch source (corn, oats or wheat) and concentration on fermentation by equine faecal microbiota in vitro SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE enterococci; hindgut acidosis; horse; Lactobacillus; streptococci ID RUMEN BACTERIAL COMPETITION; STREPTOCOCCUS-BOVIS; CARBOHYDRATE OVERLOAD; INTESTINAL BACTERIA; AMINES; ACID; LACTOBACILLI; HYDROLYSIS; RESISTANCE; RESPONSES AB Aims: The goal was to determine the effect of starch source (corn, oats and wheat) and concentration on: (i) total amylolytic bacteria, Group D Gram-positive cocci (GPC), lactobacilli and lactate-utilizing bacteria, and (ii) fermentation by equine microbiota. Methods and Results: When faecal washed cell suspensions were incubated with any substrate amylolytics increased over time. However, at 24h there were 10 and 1000-fold more amylolytics with corn than wheat or oats respectively. Predominant amylolytics isolated were Enterococcus faecalis (corn, wheat) and Streptococcus bovis (oats). GPC increased with any substrate, but decreased during stationary phase in oats only. Lactobacilli decreased during stationary phase with corn only. By 24h, oats had more lactate-utilizers and lactobacilli and fewer GPC than corn and wheat. More gas was produced from oats or wheat than from corn. Conclusions: These results indicate that the growth of bacteria and fermentative capacity associated with starch metabolism is starch source dependent. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study demonstrates a relationship between starch source and microbial changes independent of host digestion. However, future research is needed to evaluate the effect of starch source on the hindgut microbial community invivo. C1 [Harlow, B. E.; Lawrence, L. M.; Flythe, M. D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Donley, T. M.; Flythe, M. D.] Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Flythe, MD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, N 220 Ag Sci North, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM michael.flythe@ars.usda.gov RI Flythe, Michael/F-2500-2010; OI Flythe, Michael/0000-0002-8868-9169; Harlow, Brittany/0000-0002-2269-351X FU Prairie Oat Growers Association FX The information reported in this paper (No. 15-07-051) is part of a project of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and is published with the approval of the Director. Support was provided by the Prairie Oat Growers Association. The authors acknowledge the technical assistance of Gloria Gellin. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 EI 1365-2672 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 119 IS 5 BP 1234 EP 1244 DI 10.1111/jam.12927 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA CU3SG UT WOS:000363444800003 PM 26255645 ER PT J AU Dawson-Hughes, B Harris, SS Palermo, NJ Gilhooly, CH Shea, MK Fielding, RA Ceglia, L AF Dawson-Hughes, Bess Harris, Susan S. Palermo, Nancy J. Gilhooly, Cheryl H. Shea, M. Kyla Fielding, Roger A. Ceglia, Lisa TI Potassium Bicarbonate Supplementation Lowers Bone Turnover and Calcium Excretion in Older Men and Women: A Randomized Dose-Finding Trial SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ACID-BASE; POTASSIUM; BICARBONATE; BONE; OSTEOPOROSIS ID POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CITRATE SUPPLEMENTATION; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; DIETARY PATTERNS; MINERAL DENSITY; FRACTURE RISK; METABOLISM; OSTEOPOROSIS; PREDICTION; ADULTS AB The acid load accompanying modern diets may have adverse effects on bone and muscle metabolism. Treatment with alkaline salts of potassium can neutralize the acid load, but the optimal amount of alkali is not established. Our objective was to determine the effectiveness of two doses of potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) compared with placebo on biochemical markers of bone turnover, and calcium and nitrogen (N) excretion. In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 244 men and women age 50 years and older were randomized to placebo or 1mmol/kg or 1.5mmol/kg of KHCO3 daily for 3 months; 233 completed the study. The primary outcomes were changes in 24-hour urinary N-telopeptide (NTX) and N; changes in these measures were compared across the treatment groups. Exploratory outcomes included 24-hour urinary calcium excretion, serum amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (P1NP), and muscle strength and function assessments. The median administered doses in the low-dose and high-dose groups were 81 mmol/day and 122 mmol/day, respectively. When compared with placebo, urinary NTX declined significantly in the low-dose group (p=0.012, after adjustment for baseline NTX, gender, and change in urine creatinine) and serum P1NP declined significantly in the low-dose group (p=0.004, adjusted for baseline P1NP and gender). Urinary calcium declined significantly in both KHCO3 groups versus placebo (p < 0.001, adjusted for baseline urinary calcium, gender, and changes in urine creatinine and calcium intake). There was no significant effect of either dose of KHCO3 on urinary N excretion or on the physical strength and function measures. KHCO3 has favorable effects on bone turnover and calcium excretion and the lower dose appears to be the more effective dose. Long-term trials to assess the effect of alkali on bone mass and fracture risk are needed. (c) 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. C1 [Dawson-Hughes, Bess; Harris, Susan S.; Palermo, Nancy J.; Gilhooly, Cheryl H.; Shea, M. Kyla; Fielding, Roger A.; Ceglia, Lisa] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer United States Dept Agr Human Nutr Res, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Dawson-Hughes, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM bess.dawson-hughes@tufts.edu FU NIH/NIAMS [1RO1AR060261]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX This study was funded by NIH/NIAMS grant number 1RO1AR060261. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 EI 1523-4681 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 30 IS 11 BP 2103 EP 2111 DI 10.1002/jbmr.2554 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CU1MV UT WOS:000363286900017 PM 25990255 ER PT J AU Strong, RA Silva, EB Cheng, HW Eicher, SD AF Strong, R. A. Silva, E. B. Cheng, H. W. Eicher, S. D. TI Acute brief heat stress in late gestation alters neonatal calf innate immune functions SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dairy cattle; calf; heat stress; innate immunity ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; DAIRY CALVES; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION; DENDRITIC CELLS; DRY PERIOD; GROWTH; RESPONSES; COWS; AMPLIFICATION AB Heat stress, as one of the environmental stressors affecting the dairy industry, compromises the cow milk production, immune function, and reproductive system. However, few studies have looked at how prenatal heat stress (HS) affects the offspring. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HS during late gestation on calf immunity. Calves were born to cows exposed to evaporative cooling (CT) or HS (cyclic 23-35 degrees C) for 1 wk at 3 wk before calving. Both bull and heifer calves (CT, n = 10; HS, n = 10) were housed in similar environmental temperatures after birth. Both CT and HS calves received 3.78 L of pooled colostrum within 12 h after birth and were fed the same diet throughout the study. In addition to tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and toll-like receptor (TLR)2, and TLR4 mRNA expression, the expression of CD14(+) and CD18(+) cells, and DEC205(+) dendritic cells were determined in whole blood samples at d 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, differential cell counts, and the hematocrit were also determined. During late gestation, the HS cows had greater respiration rates, rectal temperatures, and tended to spend more time standing compared with the CT cows. The HS calves had less expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and TLR2 and greater levels of IL-1 beta, IL-1RA, and TLR4 compared with CT calves. The HS calves also had a greater percentage of CD18(+) cells compared with the CT calves. Additionally, a greater percentage of neutrophils and lesser percentage of lymphocytes were in the HS calves compared with the CT calves. The results indicate that biomarkers of calves' immunity are affected in the first several weeks after birth by HS in the dam during late gestation. C1 [Strong, R. A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Silva, E. B.; Cheng, H. W.; Eicher, S. D.] ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Eicher, SD (reprint author), ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Susan.Eicher@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service (Washington, DC) FX Funding by USDA-Agricultural Research Service (Washington, DC). NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 98 IS 11 BP 7771 EP 7783 DI 10.3168/jds.2015-9591 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA CU4JT UT WOS:000363495400034 PM 26298746 ER PT J AU Coblentz, WK Esser, NM Hoffman, PC Akins, MS AF Coblentz, W. K. Esser, N. M. Hoffman, P. C. Akins, M. S. TI Growth performance and sorting characteristics of corn silage-alfalfa haylage diets with or without forage dilution offered to replacement Holstein dairy heifers SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dairy heifer; dry matter intake; energy dilution; sorting ID NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER; DRY-MATTER INTAKE; EASTERN GAMAGRASS FORAGES; HIGH-CONCENTRATE RATION; LACTATION PERFORMANCE; MAMMARY DEVELOPMENT; NUTRIENT EXCRETION; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; MILK-PRODUCTION; COWS AB Gravid heifers consuming high-quality forage diets are susceptible to excessive weight gains and overconditioning. One approach for controlling this problem is to dilute diets with low-energy forages, such as straw, that reduce the caloric density and dry matter intake (DMI) of that diet by heifers. These diluting agents are often sortable by dairy heifers, but previous visual evidence has suggested that eastern gamagrass haylage may be a nonsortable alternative. Our objectives were (1) to compare the growth performance of dairy heifers offered a high-quality forage diet (control) with diets containing 1 of 3 diluting agents [eastern gamagrass haylage (EGH), chopped wheat straw (WS), or chopped corn fodder (CF)]; and (2) evaluate sorting behaviors of heifers offered these forage diets. Holstein heifers (n = 128) were stratified (32 heifers/block) on the basis of initial body weight (heavy, 560 +/- 27.7 kg; medium-heavy, 481 +/- 17.7 kg; medium-light, 441 +/- 22.0 kg; and light, 399 +/- 14.4 kg), and then assigned to 1 of 16 identical research pens (4 pens/block; 8 heifers/pen), where each of the 4 research diets were assigned to 1 pen within each block. Diets were offered in a 118-d feeding trial with heifers crowded to 133% of capacity at the feed bunk. Inclusion of low-energy forages was effective in reducing both diet energy density and DMI. Concentrations of physically effective fiber (pef) particles did not change during the 24-h period following feeding for either the control or EGH diets; however, this response for pef particles masked the competing (and cancelling) responses for individual large and medium particles, which heifers sorted with discrimination and preference, respectively. Sorting against pef particles was detected for WS, and much more severely for the CF diet. Sorting of forage particles by heifers could not be related to heifer performance. Compared with control (1.16 kg/d), average daily gains (ADG) were reduced by dilution in all cases, but were virtually identical between EGH (0.98 kg/d) and CF (0.97 kg/d), which exhibited no sorting and extensive sorting of pef, respectively. Furthermore, ADG for WS was approximately 0.2 kg/d less than EGH or CF, despite exhibiting sorting characteristics intermediate between EGH and CF. Diets diluted with low-energy forages were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric; within that context, WS was most effective in reducing DMI and maintaining ADG within typical recommendations for Holstein heifers. C1 [Coblentz, W. K.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Esser, N. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Marshfield Agr Res Stn, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Hoffman, P. C.; Akins, M. S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Coblentz, WK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM wayne.coblentz@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS Project [5090-12630-003-00D] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of USDA-Agricultural Research Service (Marshfield, WI) and University of Wisconsin Marshfield Agricultural Research Station staff for their assistance in completing this project. Funds were provided through USDA-ARS CRIS Project #5090-12630-003-00D. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 98 IS 11 BP 8018 EP 8034 DI 10.3168/jds.2015-9491 PG 17 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA CU4JT UT WOS:000363495400056 PM 26298762 ER PT J AU Weimer, PJ Cabral, LD Cacite, F AF Weimer, P. J. Da Silva Cabral, L. Cacite, F. TI Effects of ruminal dosing of Holstein cows with Megasphaera elsdenii on milk fat production, ruminal chemistry, and bacterial strain persistence SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dosing; milk composition; milk fat depression; Megasphaera elsdenii ID LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; NCIMB 41125; RUMEN; ACIDOSIS; GROWTH; FERMENTATION; MICROFLORA; METABOLISM; CATTLE AB Megasphaera elsdenii is a lactate-utilizing bacterium whose ruminal abundance has been shown to be greatly elevated during milk fat depression (MFD). To further examine this association, a total of 23 cannulated multiparous Holstein cows were examined in 3 experiments in which strains of M. elsdenii were directly dosed into the rumen (similar to 2 x 10(12) cells/dose); control cows were dosed with sterile lactate-free culture medium. Cows were fed a total mixed ration (292 g of starch/kg of dry matter) that contained primarily corn silage, alfalfa silage, finely ground high-moisture corn, supplemental protein, and corn oil (3 g/kg of dry matter). Experiments differed in stage of lactation of the cows (early or late), dosing events (single dose, or 4 doses over a 5-d period), timing of dose (prefeed or 4 h postfeed), and M. elsdenii strain (laboratory strain YI9 or 3 strains isolated from cows in the same herd). Dry matter intake and milk yield and composition were measured from 5 to 0 d before dosing and 1 to 7 d after first dosing, plus later time points that varied by experiment. Milk yield and composition were not affected by dosing. Megasphaera elsdenii was quantified in the liquid phase of ruminal contents by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis, or by PCR with relative quantification (M. elsdenii 16S rRNA gene copy number as a percentage of total bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies). Neither the M. e/sdenii-dosed or control cows displayed MFD after dosing, and in almost all cases M. elsdenii populations returned to low baseline levels (<0.02% of 165 rRNA gene copy number) within 24 h of dosing. This rapid decline in M. elsdenii also occurred in several cows that were dosed with a strain of M. elsdenii that had been isolated from that particular cow during a previous bout of MFD. Ruminal pH and total millimolar volatile fatty acids and lactate did not differ between dosed and control cows, although acetate-to-propionate ratio declined in both groups and butyrate increased after dosing with M. elsdenii. The results confirm that establishing exogenously added bacterial strains in the rumen is difficult, even for strains previously isolated from the recipient cow. The potential role of M. elsdenii as an agent of MFD remains unclear in the absence of successful establishment of the dosed strains. C1 [Weimer, P. J.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weimer, P. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Da Silva Cabral, L.; Cacite, F.] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Dept Anim Sci, BR-78060900 Cuiaba, MG, Brazil. RP Weimer, PJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Paul.Weimer@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service through CRIS project [3655-21000-024-00-D]; Conselho Nacional Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Technologica (CNPq), Brasilia, Brazil; Brazilian Scientific Mobility Program, CNPq FX We thank C. L. Odt for excellent technical assistance; D. M. Stevenson for advice on ARISA and qPCR; R. Skoyen, M. W. Hintz, K. Pickar, and the barn crew (all of the US Dairy Forage Research Center) for herd maintenance and animal handling; and M. B. Hall for stimulating discussions and statistical advice. This work was supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service through CRIS project 3655-21000-024-00-D. L. Da Silva Cabral was supported by a fellowship from Conselho Nacional Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Technologica (CNPq), Brasilia, Brazil. F. Cacite was supported by the Brazilian Scientific Mobility Program, CNPq. The USDA is an Equal Opportunity Employer. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 98 IS 11 BP 8078 EP 8092 DI 10.3168/jds.2015-9721 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA CU4JT UT WOS:000363495400061 PM 26298766 ER PT J AU Blancas-Benitez, FJ Avena-Bustillos, RD Montalvo-Gonzalez, E Sayago-Ayerdi, SG McHugh, TH AF Javier Blancas-Benitez, Francisco de Jesus Avena-Bustillos, Roberto Montalvo-Gonzalez, Efigenia Guadalupe Sayago-Ayerdi, Sonia McHugh, Tara H. TI Addition of dried 'Ataulfo' mango (Mangifera indica L) by-products as a source of dietary fiber and polyphenols in starch molded mango snacks SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE LA English DT Article DE 'Ataulfo' mango; By-products; Starch-molded snacks; Dietary fiber; Antioxidants; Polyphenols ID ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; SENSORY PROPERTIES; RICE FLOUR; QUALITY; FRUIT; INGREDIENT; MOISTURE; COOKIES AB The increasing demand of healthier foods favors the consumption of natural bioactive compounds such as polyphenols (PP) with antioxidant capacity and dietary fiber (DF) that confers protection against cardiovascular diseases and other degenerative diseases. On the industrial processing of mango, 35-60 % of this fruit is discarded as waste, which originate significant amounts of by-products, mainly from seeds, peels, and paste, which are a source of DF and bioactive compounds. This study analyzed the effect of using dried 'Ataulfo' mango concentrate (DAMC) and peel and paste of dried 'Ataulfo' mango by-product (DAMB) at different ratios (75:25, 50:50, 25:75; DAMC: DAMB) for total sugarcane replacement, over physical, sensory properties, DF, PP and antioxidant capacity of starch-molded mango snacks. Total DF content in starch-molded mango snacks increased from 5.46 g to 13.39 g/ 100 g dw, while PP increased about five times (from 107.89 to 626 mg GAE/100 g dw) when sugarcane was substituted by 25:75 DAMC: DAMB. Starch-molded mango snack with DAMB used to replace all the sugarcane from control formulation exhibited better antioxidant properties without change in hardness. These results suggest that a incorporation (75:25 DAMC: DAMB) of dried mango by-products to starch-molded mango snacks improve DF and PP of mango snacks reducing sugar content without affect physical-chemical parameters, such as color, a(w) and pH. Although further studies are required to improve sensory characteristics. C1 [Javier Blancas-Benitez, Francisco; Montalvo-Gonzalez, Efigenia; Guadalupe Sayago-Ayerdi, Sonia] Inst Tecnol Tepic, Lab Integral Invest Alimentos, Tepic 63178, Nayarit, Mexico. [de Jesus Avena-Bustillos, Roberto; McHugh, Tara H.] USDA ARS WRRC, Hlth Proc Foods Res, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Avena-Bustillos, RD (reprint author), USDA ARS WRRC, Hlth Proc Foods Res, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM roberto.avena@ars.usda.gov; Sonia.sayago@gmail.com FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexico (CONACyT) FX The authors thank the financial support from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexico (CONACyT) for scholarships granted to the first author, Mexifrutas, S.A. de C.V., for providing aseptic packaged mango concentrate and frozen mango by-product, and the staff of the Healthy Processed Foods Research unit at WRRC/ARS/USDA, Albany, CA, for their support in this project. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 21 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0022-1155 EI 0975-8402 J9 J FOOD SCI TECH MYS JI J. Food Sci. Technol.-Mysore PD NOV PY 2015 VL 52 IS 11 BP 7393 EP 7400 DI 10.1007/s13197-015-1855-7 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CT8FT UT WOS:000363051100056 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Endreny, TA Nowak, DJ AF Yang, Yang Endreny, Theodore A. Nowak, David J. TI Simulating Double-Peak Hydrographs from Single Storms over Mixed-Use Watersheds SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Hydrograph model; Fast flow; Slow flow; Advection-diffusion equation ID SEPARATION; MODEL AB Two-peak hydrographs after a single rain event are observed in watersheds and storms with distinct volumes contributing as fast and slow runoff. The authors developed a hydrograph model able to quantify these separate runoff volumes to help in estimation of runoff processes and residence times used by watershed managers. The model uses parallel application of two advection-diffusion equations and calibrates the model's fast and slow time parameters as well as a coefficient representing the relative size of the smaller hydrograph peak. The model provides an accurate representation of hydrograph timing, volume, peak, points of inflection, and recession rate, and its parameters represent physical processes of advection and diffusion and relate to watershed scale. The authors calibrated the model to match observed two-peak hydrographs with high efficiency on a watershed with distinct urban and rural land cover, and another watershed with distinct fast runoff from saturated areas. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of the simulated discharge was 0.93 for the urban watershed and 0.92 for the rural watershed. For the urban watershed, the simulated slow runoff volume was 89.6% of total runoff, and the fast runoff volume was 10.4% of total runoff; and for the rural watershed, the simulated slow runoff volume was 93.1% of total runoff, and the fast runoff volume was 6.9% of total runoff. This parsimonious two-peak hydrograph model can help researchers investigate how different storms and land cover types partition fast and slow flow and impact rainfall-runoff dynamics. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Yang, Yang] SUNY ESF, USDA, Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Yang, Yang] SUNY ESF, Davey Inst, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Endreny, Theodore A.] SUNY ESF, Environm Resource Engn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Nowak, David J.] USDA, Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Yang, Y (reprint author), SUNY ESF, USDA, Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, 321 Baker Labs,1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM yyang31@syr.edu FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station iTree Spatial Simulation [PL-5937]; National Urban and Community Forest Advisory Council iTree Tool [11-DG-11132544-340] FX This research was supported by funding from the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station iTree Spatial Simulation grant PL-5937 and the National Urban and Community Forest Advisory Council iTree Tool grant 11-DG-11132544-340. The SUNY ESF Department of Environmental Resources Engineering provided computing facilities and logistical support. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 20 IS 11 AR 06015003 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001225 PG 5 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CT8TL UT WOS:000363089300015 ER PT J AU Rajao, DS Gauger, PC Anderson, TK Lewis, NS Abente, EJ Killian, ML Perez, DR Sutton, TC Zhang, JQ Vincent, AL AF Rajao, Daniela S. Gauger, Phillip C. Anderson, Tavis K. Lewis, Nicola S. Abente, Eugenio J. Killian, Mary Lea Perez, Daniel R. Sutton, Troy C. Zhang, Jianqiang Vincent, Amy L. TI Novel Reassortant Human-Like H3N2 and H3N1 Influenza A Viruses Detected in Pigs Are Virulent and Antigenically Distinct from Swine Viruses Endemic to the United States SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PANDEMIC H1N1 2009; BINDING SITE DETERMINE; GENETIC EVOLUTION; US SWINE; HEMAGGLUTININ; TRANSMISSION; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENICITY; SUBSTITUTIONS; PATHOGENESIS AB Human-like swine H3 influenza A viruses (IAV) were detected by the USDA surveillance system. We characterized two novel swine human-like H3N2 and H3N1 viruses with hemagglutinin (HA) genes similar to those in human seasonal H3 strains and internal genes closely related to those of 2009 H1N1 pandemic viruses. The H3N2 neuraminidase (NA) was of the contemporary human N2 lineage, while the H3N1 NA was of the classical swine N1 lineage. Both viruses were antigenically distant from swine H3 viruses that circulate in the United States and from swine vaccine strains and also showed antigenic drift from human seasonal H3N2 viruses. Their pathogenicity and transmission in pigs were compared to those of a human H3N2 virus with a common HA ancestry. Both swine human-like H3 viruses efficiently infected pigs and were transmitted to indirect contacts, whereas the human H3N2 virus did so much less efficiently. To evaluate the role of genes from the swine isolates in their pathogenesis, reverse genetics-generated reassortants between the swine human-like H3N1 virus and the seasonal human H3N2 virus were tested in pigs. The contribution of the gene segments to virulence was complex, with the swine HA and internal genes showing effects in vivo. The experimental infections indicate that these novel H3 viruses are virulent and can sustain onward transmission in pigs, and the naturally occurring mutations in the HA were associated with antigenic divergence from H3 IAV from humans and swine. Consequently, these viruses could have a significant impact on the swine industry if they were to cause more widespread outbreaks, and the potential risk of these emerging swine IAV to humans should be considered. IMPORTANCE Pigs are important hosts in the evolution of influenza A viruses (IAV). Human-to-swine transmissions of IAV have resulted in the circulation of reassortant viruses containing human-origin genes in pigs, greatly contributing to the diversity of IAV in swine worldwide. New human-like H3N2 and H3N1 viruses that contain a mix of human and swine gene segments were recently detected by the USDA surveillance system. The human-like viruses efficiently infected pigs and resulted in onward airborne transmission, likely due to the multiple changes identified between human and swine H3 viruses. The human-like swine viruses are distinct from contemporary U.S. H3 swine viruses and from the strains used in swine vaccines, which could have a significant impact on the swine industry due to a lack of population immunity. Additionally, public health experts should consider an appropriate assessment of the risk of these emerging swine H3 viruses for the human population. C1 [Rajao, Daniela S.; Anderson, Tavis K.; Abente, Eugenio J.; Vincent, Amy L.] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, ARS, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Gauger, Phillip C.; Zhang, Jianqiang] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA USA. [Lewis, Nicola S.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England. [Killian, Mary Lea] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs Sci Technol & Anal Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, Vet Serv,APHIS, Ames, IA USA. [Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Georgia, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Sutton, Troy C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, Virginia Maryland Coll Vet Med, College Pk, MD USA. RP Vincent, AL (reprint author), USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, ARS, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM amy.vincent@ars.usda.gov OI Abente, Eugenio/0000-0002-3390-2786; Perez, Daniel/0000-0002-6569-5689; de Souza Rajao, Daniela/0000-0002-0772-0065 FU ARS, USDA; APHIS, USDA; CNPq, Brazil; DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23100] FX Funding was provided from ARS, USDA, and from APHIS, USDA. D. S. Rajao was a CNPq, Brazil, scholarship recipient. T. K. Anderson and E. J. Abente were supported in part by an appointment to the ARS, USDA, Research Participation Program, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an inter-agency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and USDA. ORISE is managed by ORAU under DOE contract number DE-AC05-06OR23100. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 89 IS 22 BP 11213 EP 11222 DI 10.1128/JVI.01675-15 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA CU4AC UT WOS:000363467200004 PM 26311895 ER PT J AU Sumners, JA Demarais, S Deyoung, RW Honeycutt, RL Rooney, AP Gonzales, RA Gee, KL AF Sumners, Jason A. Demarais, Stephen Deyoung, Randy W. Honeycutt, Rodney L. Rooney, Alejandro P. Gonzales, Robert A. Gee, Kenneth L. TI Variable breeding dates among populations of white-tailed deer in the southern United States: The legacy of restocking? SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE breeding dates; genetic structure; maternal effects; microsatellite; mitochondrial DNA; Odocoileus virginianus; white-tailed deer ID RED DEER; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; CONTEMPORARY PATTERNS; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; CONSERVATION; RESTORATION; SYNCHRONY AB Reproduction is timed so that parturition coincides with optimal conditions for offspring survival, with strong fitness implications in northern regions. However, in the southern United States the breeding season of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) is relatively heterogeneous over short distances. To test the hypothesis that genetic differences account for heterogeneity in breeding dates, we compared the degree of mitochondrial (mtDNA) and microsatellite DNA differentiation among 6 pairs of adjacent populations with breeding dates differing by an average of 35 days (DBD group) and 4 pairs of populations displaying similar breeding dates (SBD group) differing by no more than 2 days. Average mtDNA differentiation between pairs in the DBD group (F-ST=0.408, SD=0.190) was larger (P=0.03) than for the SBD group (F-ST=0.140, SD=0.092). The average differentiation at biparentally inherited microsatellite loci within the SBD group (F-ST=0.028, SD=0.021) did not differ from that observed for the DBD group (F-ST=0.047, SD=0.024; P=0.200). The similarity at biparentally inherited loci suggests that there are no cryptic barriers and populations are connected by male dispersal. The greater differences in mtDNA lineages between geographically proximate populations in the DBD group imply a maternal genetic effect on the timing of breeding, likely maintained by female philopatry. We hypothesize that this difference is a genetic legacy of restocking efforts and the recovery of remnant localized populations. Translocation efforts require careful consideration of differences between source and recipient populations. Breeding dates that differ among some proximate southern deer populations may be a fixed trait that must be considered when establishing management objectives and harvest criteria. (c) 2015 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Sumners, Jason A.; Demarais, Stephen] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Deyoung, Randy W.] Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, Kingsville, TX USA. [Honeycutt, Rodney L.] Pepperdine Univ, Div Nat Sci, Malibu, CA 90263 USA. [Rooney, Alejandro P.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Gonzales, Robert A.; Gee, Kenneth L.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73402 USA. RP Sumners, JA (reprint author), Missouri Dept Conservat, 3500 East Gans Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. EM Steve.demarais@msstate.edu FU Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation; Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks - Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration funds [W-48-51]; Department of Biological Sciences and Forest and Wildlife Research Center at Mississippi State University FX This research was conducted in collaboration with and supported by the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation and the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks, which provided Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration funds (Project W-48-51, Study 52) and assisted in sample collection. Sumners was also funded cooperatively by the Department of Biological Sciences and the Forest and Wildlife Research Center at Mississippi State University. We thank A. Harris, R. Toby, L. Castle, R. Browning, R. Spencer, B. Wilson, J. Ross, W. Hamrick, D. Richardson, R. Seiss, D. Lewis, W. McKinley, D. Coggins, K. Shelton, S. Edwards, C. McDonald, D. Perkins, D. Moreland, B. Carroll, Vaiden Hill Conservation League, Woodlawn, Beck's Bay, Walker Brothers Farms, Pine Spring Plantation, Camp McCain, Millbrook, Cotton Hill, Smithland Plantation, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, and the Louisiana Department of Game and Fish for their assistance in sample collection and preparation. This is Mississippi State University Forest and Wildlife Research Center publication WF-403. The authors do not have any interest or relationship, financial or otherwise, that might be perceived as influencing our objectivity relative to this research that could be considered a potential source of conflict of interest. NR 85 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 79 IS 8 BP 1213 EP 1225 DI 10.1002/jwmg.954 PG 13 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CU3IP UT WOS:000363418200002 ER PT J AU Lorenz, TJ Vierling, KT Kozma, JM Millard, JE Raphael, MG AF Lorenz, Teresa J. Vierling, Kerri T. Kozma, Jeffrey M. Millard, Janet E. Raphael, Martin G. TI Space use by white-headed woodpeckers and selection for recent forest disturbances SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE burn; habitat selection; home range; mixed-severity prescribed fire; Picoides albolarvatus; Pinus ponderosa; ponderosa pine; resource selection; space use; white-headed woodpecker ID BLACK-BACKED WOODPECKERS; HOME-RANGE SIZE; CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; HABITAT USE; SIERRA-NEVADA; SMALL MAMMALS; PICOIDES-ARCTICUS; SITE SELECTION; FIRE AB White-headed woodpeckers (Picoides albolarvatus) are important cavity excavators that recently have become the focus of much research because of concerns over population declines. Past studies have focused on nest site selection and survival but information is needed on factors influencing their space use when away from the nest. We examined space use by white-headed woodpeckers during the nesting (May-Jul) and post-nesting (Jul-Oct) periods and compared the role of environmental factors (e.g., landcover) and socio-demographic factors (e.g., age, breeding success) in home range size and selection of location. Average size of 99% kernel home ranges was 125ha (SD +/- 59ha; n=19) in the nesting period and 137ha (SD +/- 70ha; n=30) in the post-nesting period. Minimum convex polygons were generally comparable to or smaller than ranges reported from previous radio-telemetry studies with this species. Although bird weight and age best explained variation in home range size compared to other factors, neither parameter estimate was significant in our models. Thus, even though weight and age were the most-supported factors in our analysis, home range size was largely influenced by factors that we did not measure. We found that most woodpeckers selected home ranges within forest patches that had undergone a recent disturbance; these areas included forests that had recently been burned with prescribed fire by the United States Forest Service (82%) or subject to disease (16%). Most burned patches in our study were small (approx. 4.8ha) and occurred within otherwise live forest but had nearly complete mortality of adult trees. We suggest that recent forest disturbances, especially mixed-severity prescribed burns, may have been selected by white-headed woodpeckers because they created snags for nesting and future studies should explore this hypothesis. Because home range size was variable and not linked with productivity, it should not be used as an indication of habitat quality without more detailed studies on causal factors that affect space use in this species. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Lorenz, Teresa J.; Vierling, Kerri T.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Kozma, Jeffrey M.] Yakama Nat, Timber Fish & Wildlife Fisheries Resource Managem, Toppenish, WA 98942 USA. [Millard, Janet E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Leavenworth, WA 98826 USA. [Raphael, Martin G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Lorenz, TJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM tlorenz@fs.fed.us RI Vierling, Kerri/N-6653-2016 FU University of Idaho; Yakama Nation; United States Forest Service FX We thank R. Huffman with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, and A. Lyons, K. Mellen-McLean, J. St. Hiliare, and D. Youkey with the United States Forest Service for logistical support throughout this study. T. Johnson provided advice on statistical methods and the Institute of Bird Populations and Puget Sound Bird Observatory shared information on recaptured woodpeckers. We thank J. Dudley, M. Kissling, C. Raley, and P. Singleton for loaning equipment, and P. Fischer, K. Heniff, and S. Graham for assisting with field data collection. The Burke Museum allowed us to review museum skins for aging woodpeckers, and C. Coffin, T. Bass, and J. Ashbaugh permitted access to their land. This study was partially funded by the United States Forest Service, the University of Idaho, and the Yakama Nation. We thank J. Rachlow and L. Svancara and two anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 79 IS 8 BP 1286 EP 1297 DI 10.1002/jwmg.957 PG 12 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CU3IP UT WOS:000363418200009 ER PT J AU Bradley, EH Robinson, HS Bangs, EE Kunkel, K Jimenez, MD Gude, JA Grimm, T AF Bradley, Elizabeth H. Robinson, Hugh S. Bangs, Edward E. Kunkel, Kyran Jimenez, Michael D. Gude, Justin A. Grimm, Todd TI Effects of wolf removal on livestock depredation recurrence and wolf recovery in Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canis lupus; depredation; Idaho; lethal control; livestock; Montana; recovery; removal; wolf; Wyoming ID NORTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; NORTHERN ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; GRAY WOLF; WOLVES; MINNESOTA; CATTLE; MANAGEMENT; CONFLICT; AMERICA AB Wolf (Canis lupus) predation on livestock and management methods used to mitigate conflicts are highly controversial and scrutinized especially where wolf populations are recovering. Wolves are commonly removed from a local area in attempts to reduce further depredations, but the effectiveness of such management actions is poorly understood. We compared the effects of 3 management responses to livestock depredation by wolf packs in Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming: no removal, partial pack removal, and full pack removal. We examined the effectiveness of each management response in reducing further depredations using a conditional recurrent event model. From 1989 to 2008, we documented 967 depredations by 156 packs: 228 on sheep and 739 on cattle and other stock. Median time between recurrent depredations was 19 days following no removal (n=593), 64 days following partial pack removal (n=326), and 730 days following full pack removal (n=48; recurring depredations were made by the next pack to occupy the territory). Compared to no removal, full pack removal reduced the occurrence of subsequent depredations by 79% (hazard ratio [HR]=0.21, P<0.001) over a span of 1,850 days (5 years), whereas partial pack removal reduced the occurrence of subsequent depredations by 29% (HR=0.71, P<0.001) over the same period. Partial pack removal was most effective if conducted within the first 7 days following depredation, after which there was only a marginally significant difference between partial pack removal and no action (HR=0.86, P=0.07), and no difference after 14 days (HR=0.99, P=0.93). Within partial pack removal, we found no difference in depredation recurrence when a breeding female (HR=0.64, P=0.2) or 1-year-old male was removed (HR=1.0, P=0.99). The relative effect of all treatments was generally consistent across seasons (spring, summer grazing, and winter) and type of livestock. Ultimately, pack size was the best predictor of a recurrent depredation event; the probability of a depredation event recurring within 5 years increased by 7% for each animal left in the pack after the management response. However, the greater the number of wolves left in a pack, the higher the likelihood the pack met federal criteria to count as a breeding pair the following year toward population recovery goals. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Bradley, Elizabeth H.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Parks, Missoula, MT 59804 USA. [Robinson, Hugh S.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Bangs, Edward E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, Helena, MT 59601 USA. [Kunkel, Kyran] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Jimenez, Michael D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, Jackson, WY 83001 USA. [Gude, Justin A.] Wildlife Bur, Montana Fish Wildlife & Parks, Helena, MT 59620 USA. [Grimm, Todd] USDA, Wildlife Serv, APHIS, Boise, ID 83709 USA. RP Bradley, EH (reprint author), Montana Fish Wildlife & Parks, 3201 Spurgin Rd, Missoula, MT 59804 USA. EM lbradley@mt.gov FU USFWS FX We thank the many livestock producers who reported depredations and cooperated with the wolf program despite personal losses. We thank the USFWS for funding this study. Wolf monitoring and depredation data was collected by numerous personnel with USDA WS; Idaho Fish and Game; the Nez Perce Tribe; Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks; the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribe; Wyoming Game and Fish; Yellowstone National Park; Turner Endangered Species Fund; and the USFWS. We thank D. Pletscher, D. Smith, C. Mack, J. Holyan, C. Niemeyer, V. Asher, T. Meier, N. Lance, and J. Fontaine for helping at various stages in development of this manuscript. C. Sime provided valuable assistance and guidance. We thank D. Crockett and M. Thompson for reviewing and editing the manuscript. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 27 U2 119 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 79 IS 8 BP 1337 EP 1346 DI 10.1002/jwmg.948 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CU3IP UT WOS:000363418200013 ER PT J AU Ganey, JL White, GC Jenness, JS Vojta, SC AF Ganey, Joseph L. White, Gary C. Jenness, Jeffrey S. Vojta, Scott C. TI Mark-recapture estimation of snag standing rates in Northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aspen; dead trees; Douglas-fir; Gambel oak; Pinus ponderosa; snag dynamics; snag longevity; white fir ID CAVITY EXCAVATION; DYNAMICS; POPULATIONS; ROOSTS; LONGEVITY; WILDFIRE; DROUGHT AB Snags (standing dead trees) are important components of forests that provide resources for numerous species of wildlife and contribute to decay dynamics and other ecological processes. Managers charged with managing populations of snags need information about standing rates of snags and factors influencing those rates, yet such data are limited for ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and especially mixed-conifer forests in the southwestern United States. We monitored standing rates of snags in 1-ha plots in Arizona mixed-conifer (n=53 plots) and ponderosa pine (n=60 plots) forests from 1997 through 2012. We used the Burnham live-dead, mark-resight model in Program MARK and multimodel inference to estimate standing rates during 5-year intervals while accounting for imperfect detection. Because snag standing rates may be influenced by plot characteristics, we used plots rather than snags as sampling units and conducted bootstrap analyses (500 iterations per model) to resample plots and estimate standing rates and associated parameters. We modeled standing rates in 3 discrete steps. First, we selected a parsimonious base model from a set of models including snag species, and then we evaluated models created by adding snag and plot covariates to the base model in steps 2 and 3, respectively. Snag standing rates differed among snag species and 5-year sampling intervals. Standing rates were positively related to snag diameter, negatively related to snag height, and were lower for snags with intact tops than for broken-topped snags. Standing rates also were positively related to topographic roughness, elevation, tree density, and an index of northness, and negatively related to slope and relative topographic exposure. Our results provide comparative data on standing rates of multiple species of snags based on a large and spatially extensive sample and rigorous analysis, and quantify the relative importance of several snag and plot characteristics on those rates. They indicate that modeling snag dynamics is complicated by both spatial and temporal variation in standing rates and identify areas where further work is needed to facilitate such modeling. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Ganey, Joseph L.; Vojta, Scott C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [White, Gary C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Jenness, Jeffrey S.] Jenness Enterprises, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Ganey, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM jganey@fs.fed.us NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 79 IS 8 BP 1369 EP 1377 DI 10.1002/jwmg.947 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CU3IP UT WOS:000363418200016 ER PT J AU Zhang, WD Nickerson, CJ AF Zhang, Wendong Nickerson, Cynthia J. TI Housing Market Bust and Farmland Values: Identifying the Changing Influence of Proximity to Urban Centers SO LAND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID AGRICULTURAL LAND VALUES; SALE PRICES; GROWTH; BOOM AB This article estimates the impact of the 2007-2008 residential housing market bust on farmland values, using parcel-level farmland sales data from 2001-2010 for a 50-county region under urbanization pressure in western Ohio. Hedonic model estimates reveal that farmland was not immune to the residential housing bust; the portion of farmland value attributable to proximity to urban areas was almost cut in half shortly after the bust in 2009-2010. Nonetheless, total farmland prices remained relatively stable in the 2000s, likely due to increased demand for agricultural commodities. Our results are robust to different assumptions about the structure of the unobserved spatial correlation. C1 [Zhang, Wendong] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nickerson, Cynthia J.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Zhang, WD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Zhang, Wendong/M-9152-2015 OI Zhang, Wendong/0000-0002-1244-3357 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture's Economic Research Service (USDA-ERS) [58-6000-8-0065] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Economic Research Service (USDA-ERS) under cooperative agreement 58-6000-8-0065. We thank Mark D. Partridge, Douglas H. Wrenn, Gregory Howard, Matt Gnagey, and especially Elena G. Irwin for extensive discussions and helpful comments on an earlier draft; we also thank Ryan Williams and Vince Breneman of USDA-ERS for support with the GIS data and variable generation. The views in this paper are attributable to the authors and not to the USDA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 16 PU UNIV WISCONSIN PRESS PI MADISON PA JOURNAL DIVISION, 1930 MONROE ST, 3RD FL, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0023-7639 EI 1543-8325 J9 LAND ECON JI Land Econ. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 91 IS 4 BP 605 EP 626 PG 22 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CT8OA UT WOS:000363074700001 ER PT J AU Chapman, NC Harpur, BA Lim, J Rinderer, TE Allsopp, MH Zayed, A Oldroyd, BP AF Chapman, Nadine C. Harpur, Brock A. Lim, Julianne Rinderer, Thomas E. Allsopp, Michael H. Zayed, Amro Oldroyd, Benjamin P. TI A SNP test to identify Africanized honeybees via proportion of "African' ancestry SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Africanized honeybee; ancestry; Apis mellifera; breed identification; single nucleotide polymorphisms ID BEE APIS-MELLIFERA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA ANALYSIS; MORPHOMETRIC DIFFERENCES; TRACEABILITY PURPOSES; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; POSITIVE SELECTION; CATTLE POPULATIONS; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; BREED ASSIGNMENT AB The honeybee, Apis mellifera, is the world's most important pollinator and is ubiquitous in most agricultural ecosystems. Four major evolutionary lineages and at least 24 subspecies are recognized. Commercial populations are mainly derived from subspecies originating in Europe (75-95%). The Africanized honeybee is a New World hybrid of A.m.scutellata from Africa and European subspecies, with the African component making up 50-90% of the genome. Africanized honeybees are considered undesirable for bee-keeping in most countries, due to their extreme defensiveness and poor honey production. The international trade in honeybees is restricted, due in part to bans on the importation of queens (and semen) from countries where Africanized honeybees are extant. Some desirable strains from the United States of America that have been bred for traits such as resistance to the mite Varroa destructor are unfortunately excluded from export to countries such as Australia due to the presence of Africanized honeybees in the USA. This study shows that a panel of 95 single nucleotide polymorphisms, chosen to differentiate between the African, Eastern European and Western European lineages, can detect Africanized honeybees with a high degree of confidence via ancestry assignment. Our panel therefore offers a valuable tool to mitigate the risks of spreading Africanized honeybees across the globe and may enable the resumption of queen and bee semen imports from the Americas. C1 [Chapman, Nadine C.; Lim, Julianne; Oldroyd, Benjamin P.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci A12, Behav & Genet Social Insects Lab, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Harpur, Brock A.; Zayed, Amro] York Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Rinderer, Thomas E.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Allsopp, Michael H.] ARC Plant Protect Res Inst, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa. RP Chapman, NC (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci A12, Behav & Genet Social Insects Lab, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM nadine.chapman@sydney.edu.au OI Harpur, Brock/0000-0001-8722-272X FU Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, Australia [PRJ-007774]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council; Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation's Early Researcher Award FX This project was supported by grants from Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, Australia PRJ-007774 (BPO), and a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Discovery grant (AZ) and an Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation's Early Researcher Award (AZ). We thank Robert Cox and Amanda Frake (USDA) for collections of USA Africanized, Varroa-resistant and commercial USA samples, many Australian bee-keepers for contributing the Australian samples and Australian Department of Agriculture for samples that were imported to Australia from Canada. We thank the team at Australian Cancer Research Fund at the Garvan Institute for use of their facilities. NR 91 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 11 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 15 IS 6 BP 1346 EP 1355 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12411 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CT5GZ UT WOS:000362838300008 PM 25846634 ER PT J AU Smith, AJH Potvin, LR Lilleskov, EA AF Smith, Alistair J. H., II Potvin, Lynette R. Lilleskov, Erik A. TI Fertility-dependent effects of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities on white spruce seedling nutrition SO MYCORRHIZA LA English DT Article DE Stoichiometry; Ectomycorrhizal fungal community effects; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Micronutrients; Amphinema; Atheliaceae; Thelephora terrestris; Greenhouse ID MUTUALISM-PARASITISM CONTINUUM; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; MINERAL-NUTRITION; FOREST NURSERIES; PICEA-ABIES; GROWTH; BORON; FERTILIZATION; PLANTS AB Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcMF) typically colonize nursery seedlings, but nutritional and growth effects of these communities are only partly understood. To examine these effects, Picea glauca seedlings collected from a tree nursery naturally colonized by three dominant EcMF were divided between fertilized and unfertilized treatments. After one growing season seedlings were harvested, ectomycorrhizas identified using DNA sequencing, and seedlings analyzed for leaf nutrient concentration and content, and biomass parameters. EcMF community structure-nutrient interactions were tested using nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) combined with vector analysis of foliar nutrients and biomass. We identified three dominant species: Amphinema sp., Atheliaceae sp., and Thelephora terrestris. NMDS + envfit revealed significant community effects on seedling nutrition that differed with fertilization treatment. PERMANOVA and regression analyses uncovered significant species effects on host nutrient concentration, content, and stoichiometry. Amphinema sp. had a significant positive effect on phosphorus (P), calcium and zinc concentration, and P content; in contrast, T. terrestris had a negative effect on P concentration. In the unfertilized treatment, percent abundance of the Amphinema sp. negatively affected foliar nitrogen (N) concentration but not content, and reduced foliar N/P. In fertilized seedlings, Amphinema sp. was positively related to foliar concentrations of N, magnesium, and boron, and both concentration and content of manganese, and Atheliaceae sp. had a negative relationship with P content. Findings shed light on the community and species effects on seedling condition, revealing clear functional differences among dominants. The approach used should be scalable to explore function in more complex communities composed of unculturable EcMF. C1 [Smith, Alistair J. H., II] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Potvin, Lynette R.; Lilleskov, Erik A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Lilleskov, EA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM elilleskov@fs.fed.us OI Potvin, Lynette/0000-0001-5029-6266 FU US Forest Service, Northern Research Station; USDA National Research Initiative Competitive Grant [2006-35107-17228]; Michigan Technological University Ecosystem Science Center; EU-US Atlantis program FX We would like to thank Christy Makuck and the US Forest Service J.W. Toumey Nursery staff for providing us with the seedlings used in the present study; Urmas Koljalg for assistance with implementation of species hypotheses; Justina Silva, Jesse Barta, and Nick Holmes for their assistance; and Amy Marcarelli, Dana Richter, Helja-Sisko Helmisaari, and Diane Haase for feedback on this manuscript. Financial support for this work was provided by US Forest Service, Northern Research Station; USDA National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2006-35107-17228; Michigan Technological University Ecosystem Science Center; and the EU-US Atlantis program for support for AJS. NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0940-6360 EI 1432-1890 J9 MYCORRHIZA JI Mycorrhiza PD NOV PY 2015 VL 25 IS 8 BP 649 EP 662 DI 10.1007/s00572-015-0640-9 PG 14 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA CU1GL UT WOS:000363268400006 PM 25904341 ER PT J AU Stanturf, JA AF Stanturf, John A. TI Future landscapes: opportunities and challenges SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Functional restoration; Adaptation; Climate change; Socio-ecological systems ID CLIMATE-CHANGE ADAPTATION; BOTTOMLAND HARDWOOD FORESTS; ASSISTED MIGRATION DEBATE; SPECIES-RANGE SHIFTS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; DECISION-MAKING; CHANGE IMPACTS; GLOBAL CHANGE; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AB The global magnitude of degraded and deforested areas is best approached by restoring landscapes. Heightened international perception of the importance of forests and trees outside forests (e.g., woodlands, on farms) demands new approaches to future landscapes. The current need for forest restoration is two billion ha; most opportunities are mosaic restoration in the Tropical and Temperate Zones where human pressure is moderate. A rapidly changing global environment introduces uncertainty, however, that questions the usefulness of success criteria based on present or past ecosystems conditions. Considerable uncertainty arises from future climate and the timing of significant departures from current conditions, social system responses to drivers of global change, and ecosystem responses to changes in coupled socio-ecological systems. Three active approaches to reducing vulnerability and increasing adaptive capacity (incremental, anticipatory, transformational adaptation) differ in their future orientation but share similar objectives of favoring genotypes adapted to future conditions; resisting pathogens; managing herbivory to ensure adequate regeneration; encouraging species and structural diversity at the stand-level, landscape-level, or both; and providing connectivity and reducing fragmentation. Integrating attempts to restore landscapes and mitigate and adapt to climate change may synergistically increase adaptive capacity. Behavioral, institutional, and/or social barriers to implementing change can stop or delay adaptation. Stratagems for overcoming these barriers include conducting "risky" research that pushes the bounds of knowledge and practice and developing plant materials adapted to future conditions. C1 US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Stanturf, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jstanturf@fs.fed.us OI Stanturf, John/0000-0002-6828-9459 NR 219 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 16 U2 74 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 EI 1573-5095 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 46 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 615 EP 644 DI 10.1007/s11056-015-9500-x PG 30 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CU1BL UT WOS:000363253900002 ER PT J AU Friday, JB Cordell, S Giardina, CP Inman-Narahari, F Koch, N Leary, JJK Litton, CM Trauernicht, C AF Friday, James B. Cordell, Susan Giardina, Christian P. Inman-Narahari, Faith Koch, Nicholas Leary, James J. K. Litton, Creighton M. Trauernicht, Clay TI Future directions for forest restoration in Hawai'i SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Restoration ecology; Fire; Invasive species; Nurseries ID GRASS MEGATHYRSUS-MAXIMUS; ACACIA-KOA; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; MYCORRHIZAL DEPENDENCY; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ISLANDS; REINTRODUCTION; COLONIZATION; INVASIBILITY AB Hawai'i has served as a model system for studies of nutrient cycling and conservation biology. The islands may also become a laboratory for exploring new approaches to forest restoration because of a common history of degradation and the growing number of restoration projects undertaken. Approximately half of the native ecosystems of Hawai'i have been converted to non-native conditions. Many restoration projects have focused on intensively managed out plantings of native plants with emphasis on threatened and endangered species. While these projects have been effective in stabilizing plant populations, this model is often prohibitively expensive for restoration at the scale needed to protect watersheds and provide habitat for rare bird species. Here we suggest ways of rethinking ecological restoration that are applicable across the tropics, particularly on islands and fire-prone grasslands. First, we suggest making use of non-native, non-invasive species to help reclaim degraded or invaded sites or as long-term components of planned restoration outcomes. Second, we suggest incorporating remote sensing techniques to refine where restoration is carried out. Finally, we suggest borrowing technologies in plant production, weed control, and site preparation from industrial forestry to lower restoration costs. These suggestions would result in ecosystems that differ from native reference systems in some cases but which could be applied to much larger areas than most current restoration efforts while providing important ecosystem services. We also stress that community involvement is key to successful restoration, as a major goal of almost all restoration projects is to re-connect the community with the forest. C1 [Friday, James B.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Cooperat Extens Serv, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Cordell, Susan; Giardina, Christian P.] USDA Forest Serv, Inst Pacif Islands Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Inman-Narahari, Faith] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Koch, Nicholas] Forest Solut Inc, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Leary, James J. K.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Cooperat Extens Serv, Kula, HI 96790 USA. [Litton, Creighton M.; Trauernicht, Clay] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Friday, JB (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Cooperat Extens Serv, 875 Komohana St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM jbfriday@hawaii.edu RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073 NR 80 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 13 U2 55 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 EI 1573-5095 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 46 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 733 EP 746 DI 10.1007/s11056-015-9507-3 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CU1BL UT WOS:000363253900007 ER PT J AU Pinto, JR Davis, AS Leary, JJK Aghai, MM AF Pinto, Jeremiah R. Davis, Anthony S. Leary, James J. K. Aghai, Matthew M. TI Stocktype and grass suppression accelerate the restoration trajectory of Acacia koa in Hawaiian montane ecosystems SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Hawai'i; Seedlings; Stocktype; Site preparation; Grass supression; Soil moisture ID ROOT-GROWTH; ESTABLISHMENT; SEEDLINGS; FOREST; PERFORMANCE; SURVIVAL; STRESS; SIZE AB Restoring degraded mesic-montane forests represents a major challenge in maintaining functioning ecosystems throughout the tropics. A key example of this lies in Hawai'i, where restoring native koa (Acacia koa, A. Gray) forests are a top conservation and forestry priority because of the critical habitat and high-value timber products that they provide. Efforts to restore koa forests, however, are directly impeded by extensive, non-native kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.) swards occupying deforested montane landscapes. In this study, we implemented a combination of grass suppression and selection of koa seedling stocktypes to measure outplanting performance in a naturalized site on the island of Maui. Seedlings were grown in a nursery in two root container sizes (111 and 207 cm(3)) and subsequently outplanted into grass-dominated plots that were either untreated or suppressed with a high-rate herbicide combination of imazapyr and glyphosate (1.7 kg a.i. ha(-1), respectively), 30 days prior to planting. Across all treatments, seedling survival was high (> 95 %). Thirty months after planting, trees from the larger stocktype had significantly greater growth in height and root-collar diameter. Initial grass suppression resulted in trees that were 34 % taller with 66 % larger root-collar diameters after 30 months. Herbicide treated plots also had significantly higher leaf area indices (2.6 vs. 1.8 m(2) m(-2)), indicative of higher photosynthetic capacity and canopy closure. Grass suppression increased soil temperature along with soil moisture in the first year followed by a dramatic drop in moisture corresponding to large growth responses by koa seedlings after the first year. These results demonstrate how the combination of fundamental silvicultural practices in the nursery and on the outplanting site can accelerate tree growth to meet restoration goals in shorter time intervals. This is a first report of koa (a leguminous species) tolerance to a high-rate, pre-plant application of the herbicide active ingredient imazapyr. C1 [Pinto, Jeremiah R.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Davis, Anthony S.; Aghai, Matthew M.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Ctr Forest Nursery & Seedling Res, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Leary, James J. K.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Pinto, JR (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM jpinto@fs.fed.us FU USDA-CSREES Rural Resources Extension Act (RREA) program; USDA Forest Service Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources (RNGR) program; University of Idaho Center for Forest Nursery and Seedling Research FX This project was supported by funding provided through the USDA-CSREES Rural Resources Extension Act (RREA) program, USDA Forest Service Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources (RNGR) program, and University of Idaho Center for Forest Nursery and Seedling Research. The authors would like to thank the Ulupalakua Ranch for providing the research site on Maui. A special thanks is extended to Diana Crow for facilitating access to the research site, and for assisting in the Hawaiian side of nursery cultivation of our seedlings and planting. We also thank Olga Kildisheva for her assistance with planting, as well as lab and field measurements. We would like to thank Nicklos Dudley of Hawai'i Agriculture Research Center for providing the koa seed source reared for this study. Thank you to Dr. Amy Ross-Davis for her statistical assistance. And finally, we would like to recognize the associate editor and anonymous reviewers for their constructive and insightful comments. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 EI 1573-5095 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 46 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 855 EP 867 DI 10.1007/s11056-015-9492-6 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CU1BL UT WOS:000363253900013 ER PT J AU Kabrick, JM Knapp, BO Dey, DC Larsen, DR AF Kabrick, John M. Knapp, Benjamin O. Dey, Daniel C. Larsen, David R. TI Effect of initial seedling size, understory competition, and overstory density on the survival and growth of Pinus echinata seedlings underplanted in hardwood forests for restoration SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Hardwood competition; Underplanting; Partial overstory; Restoration; Seedling survival and growth; Shade-intolerant conifers; Shortleaf pine ID OAK DECLINE; STANDS; REGENERATION; RESILIENCE; FIRE; MORTALITY; QUERCUS AB There is interest in restoring shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata) in pine-oak woodlands where it once was abundant. Because of its shade intolerance and slow initial growth rate, shortleaf pine restoration has remained a challenge because competition from hardwoods exhibits greater initial growth following canopy removal but greater shade tolerance with canopy retention. The study objective was to examine the survival and growth of underplanted shortleaf pine seedlings relative to competing hardwoods as a function of initial seedling size, overstory density, and understory competition. In the Ozark Highlands of southeastern Missouri, USA, 48, 0.4-ha experimental units were each harvested from below to a uniform stocking level from 0 to 90 % and 30, 1-0 improved shortleaf pine seedlings were planted on a 3.7 x 7.3 m spacing. Linear or logistic regression was used to determine how shortleaf pine seedling (1) survival, (2) basal diameter growth, and (3) shoot growth were related to initial seedling size, overstory stocking, and understory competitor height during the first 5 years after underplanting. After five growing seasons, the survival rate of shortleaf pine seedlings was 50 % and was positively related to the initial basal diameter but was not related to overstory stocking or competitor height. Increasing overstory stocking decreased the basal diameter and height growth of shortleaf pine seedlings, explaining > 51 % of the variation in basal diameter and 54 % of the variation in seedling height. Although competing hardwood seedlings were consistently taller than the shortleaf pine seedlings throughout the study, shortleaf pine seedlings maintained similar growth rates as competitors from the second to the fifth growing season. The eventual release of shortleaf pine is essential for recruitment, but releases can be delayed for several years after underplanting. C1 [Kabrick, John M.; Dey, Daniel C.] Univ Missouri, No Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Knapp, Benjamin O.; Larsen, David R.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Kabrick, JM (reprint author), Univ Missouri, No Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, 202 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM jkabrick@fs.fed.us NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 EI 1573-5095 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 46 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 897 EP 918 DI 10.1007/s11056-015-9487-3 PG 22 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CU1BL UT WOS:000363253900016 ER PT J AU Dumroese, RK Williams, MI Stanturf, JA Clair, JBS AF Dumroese, R. Kasten Williams, Mary I. Stanturf, John A. Clair, J. Bradley St. TI Considerations for restoring temperate forests of tomorrow: forest restoration, assisted migration, and bioengineering SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Functional restoration; Assisted migration; Bioengineering; Climate change; Forest management ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GENETIC-RESOURCES; CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY; PHYTOPHTHORA-CINNAMOMI; TREE POPULATIONS; WHITE-PINE; CONSERVATION; DEBATE; ADAPTATION AB Tomorrow's forests face extreme pressures from contemporary climate change, invasive pests, and anthropogenic demands for other land uses. These pressures, collectively, demand land managers to reassess current and potential forest management practices. We discuss three considerations, functional restoration, assisted migration, and bioengineering, which are currently being debated in the literature and have the potential to be applied independently or concurrently across a variety of scales. The emphasis of functional restoration is to reestablish or maintain functions provided by the forest ecosystem, such as water quality, wildlife habitat, or carbon sequestration. Maintaining function may call upon actions such as assisted migration-moving tree populations within a species current range to aid adaptation to climate change or moving a species far outside its current range to avoid extinction-and we attempt to synthesize an array of assisted migration terminology. In addition, maintenance of species and the functions they provide may also require new technologies, such as genetic engineering, which, compared with traditional approaches to breeding for pest resistance, may be accomplished more rapidly to meet and overcome the challenges of invasive insect and disease pests. As managers develop holistic adaptive strategies to current and future anthropogenic stresses, functional restoration, assisted migration, and bioengineering, either separately or in combinations, deserve consideration, but must be addressed within the context of the restoration goal. C1 [Dumroese, R. Kasten] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Grassland Shrubland & Desert Ecosyst, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Williams, Mary I.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Stanturf, John A.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA USA. [Clair, J. Bradley St.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Land & Watershed Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Dumroese, RK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Grassland Shrubland & Desert Ecosyst, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM kdumroese@fs.fed.us NR 110 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 15 U2 82 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 EI 1573-5095 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 46 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 947 EP 964 DI 10.1007/s11056-015-9504-6 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CU1BL UT WOS:000363253900019 ER PT J AU Koch, JL Carey, DW Mason, ME Poland, TM Knight, KS AF Koch, J. L. Carey, D. W. Mason, M. E. Poland, T. M. Knight, K. S. TI Intraspecific variation in Fraxinus pennsylvanica responses to emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Insect resistance; Green ash; Host plant resistance; Defense ID COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; NORTH-AMERICAN; NATURAL ENEMIES; BIOTIC FACTORS; INVASIVE PEST; HOST-PLANT; RESISTANCE; SURVIVAL; TREES; SPP. AB The emerald ash borer (EAB; Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) is a bark and wood boring beetle native to east Asia that was first discovered in North America in 2002. Since then, entire stands of highly susceptible green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall) have been killed within a few years of infestation. We have identified a small number of mature green ash trees which have been attacked by EAB, yet survived the peak EAB infestation that resulted in mortality of the rest of the ash cohort. Adult landing and feeding preference bioassays, leaf volatile quantification and EAB egg bioassay experiments were used to characterize potential differences in responses of these select "lingering" green ash trees relative to known EAB susceptible controls. Three selections were identified as being significantly less preferred for adult feeding, but no specific leaf volatile profile was associated with this reduced preference. Egg bioassays identified two ash selections that had significant differences in larval survival and development; one having a higher number of larvae killed by apparent host tree defenses and the other having lower larval weight. Correlation and validation of the bioassay results in replicated plantings to assess EAB resistance in the field is still necessary. However, the differences between lingering ash selections and susceptible controls measured by these bioassays indicate that more than one mechanism is responsible for the increased resistance to EAB that resulted in these selections surviving longer than their counterparts. Efforts to further increase ash resistance to EAB through use of these selections in a breeding program are underway. C1 [Koch, J. L.; Carey, D. W.; Knight, K. S.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Mason, M. E.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Poland, T. M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. RP Koch, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM jkoch@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, the USDA APHIS Accelerated Emerald Ash Borer Research Program; Toledo Metroparks through a Grant from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) FX The authors would like to thank Debbie Miller and Tina Ciaramataro for assistance in rearing EAB eggs and the performance of adult landing and feeding bioassays, Rachel Kappler for assisting with scion collections and field data collection, Ryan Matko and Mark Miller for assistance in plant rearing and egg bioassays and the many summer seasonal employees of the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, the Ohio State University, and Metroparks of the Toledo area who assisted with field data collection. We are grateful to Dr. Daniel A. Herms for sharing data from his monitoring plots in southeastern Michigan and to Diane Hartzler for help with compilation of that data. We also thank Dr. Margaret Staton and Dr. Jeanne Romero-Severson as well as two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. This work was funded by the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, the USDA APHIS Accelerated Emerald Ash Borer Research Program and by the Toledo Metroparks through a Grant from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 EI 1573-5095 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 46 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 995 EP 1011 DI 10.1007/s11056-015-9494-4 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CU1BL UT WOS:000363253900022 ER PT J AU Meyers, KJ Liu, Z Millen, AE Iyengar, SK Blodi, BA Johnson, E Snodderly, DM Klein, ML Gehrs, KM Tinker, L Sarto, GE Robinson, J Wallace, RB Mares, JA AF Meyers, Kristin J. Liu, Zhe Millen, Amy E. Iyengar, Sudha K. Blodi, Barbara A. Johnson, Elizabeth Snodderly, D. Max Klein, Michael L. Gehrs, Karen M. Tinker, Lesley Sarto, Gloria E. Robinson, Jennifer Wallace, Robert B. Mares, Julie A. TI Joint Associations of Diet, Lifestyle, and Genes with Age-Related Macular Degeneration SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EYE DISEASE; CLINICAL-TRIAL; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; METABOLIC SYNDROME; BETA-CAROTENE; LUTEIN; ANTIOXIDANTS; RISK; ZINC; CFH AB Purpose: Unhealthy lifestyles have been associated with increased odds for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Whether this association is modified by genetic risk for AMD is unknown and was investigated. Design: Interactions between healthy lifestyles AMD risk genotypes were studied in relation to the prevalence of AMD, assessed 6 years later. Participants: Women 50 to 79 years of age in the Carotenoids in Age-Related Eye Disease Study with exposure and AMD data (n - 1663). Methods: Healthy lifestyle scores (0-6 points) were assigned based on Healthy Eating Index scores, physical activity (metabolic equivalent of task hours/week), and smoking pack years assessed in 1994 and 1998. Genetic risk was based on Y402H in complement factor H (CFH) and A69S in age-related maculopathy susceptibility locus 2 (ARMS2). Additive and multiplicative interactions in odds ratios were assessed using the synergy index and a multiplicative interaction term, respectively. Main Outcome Measures: AMD presence and severity were assessed from grading of stereoscopic fundus photographs taken in 2001-2004. AMD was present in 337 women, 91% of whom had early AMD. Results: The odds of AMD were 3.3 times greater (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-6.1) in women with both low healthy lifestyle score (0-2) and high-risk CFH genotype (CC), relative to those who had low genetic risk (TT) and high healthy lifestyle scores (4-6). There were no significant additive (synergy index [SI], 1.08; 95% CI, 0.70-1.67) or multiplicative (P-interaction = 0.94) interactions in the full sample. However, when limiting the sample to women with stable diets before AMD assessment (n = 728) the odds for AMD associated with low healthy lifestyle scores and high-risk CFH genotype were strengthened (odds ratio, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.8-11.6) and the synergy index was significant (SI, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05-1.70). Adjusting for dietary lutein and zeaxanthin attenuated, and therefore partially explained, the joint association. There were no significant additive or multiplicative interactions for ARMS2 and lifestyle score. Conclusions: Having unhealthy lifestyles and 2 CFH risk alleles increased AMD risk (primarily in the early stages), in an or additive or greater (synergistic) manner. However, unhealthy lifestyles increased AMD risk regardless of AMD risk genotype. (C) 2015 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. C1 [Meyers, Kristin J.; Liu, Zhe; Blodi, Barbara A.; Mares, Julie A.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, McPherson Eye Res Inst, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Millen, Amy E.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Epidemiol & Environm Hlth, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Iyengar, Sudha K.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Johnson, Elizabeth] Tufts Univ, Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Snodderly, D. Max] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Neurosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Klein, Michael L.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Casey Eye Inst, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Gehrs, Karen M.] Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Tinker, Lesley] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Dept Canc Prevent Res Program, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Sarto, Gloria E.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Robinson, Jennifer; Wallace, Robert B.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Mares, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, 610 North Walnut St,1063 WARF, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jmarespe@wisc.edu FU National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [EY013018, EY016886]; Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc, New York, New York; Retina Research Foundation (Houston, TX); Carl and Mildred Reeves Foundation (Columbus, IN); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, HHSN271201100004C] FX Supported by the National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (grant nos.: EY013018, EY016886); Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc, New York, New York; the Retina Research Foundation (Houston, TX); and the Carl and Mildred Reeves Foundation (Columbus, IN). The Women's Health Initiative is funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (grant nos.: HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, and HHSN271201100004C). NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-6420 EI 1549-4713 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD NOV PY 2015 VL 122 IS 11 BP 2286 EP 2294 DI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.07.029 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA CU4IQ UT WOS:000363491800031 PM 26354764 ER PT J AU Pelletier, TA Crisafulli, C Wagner, S Zellmer, AJ Carstens, BC AF Pelletier, Tara A. Crisafulli, Charlie Wagner, Steve Zellmer, Amanda J. Carstens, Bryan C. TI Historical Species Distribution Models Predict Species Limits in Western Plethodon Salamanders SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coalescent; niche model; Pacific Northwest; range expansion; species delimitation ID NORTH-AMERICAN SALAMANDERS; MULTILOCUS SEQUENCE DATA; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; GENUS-PLETHODON; COMPARATIVE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; DNA-SEQUENCES; STATISTICAL-METHOD; POPULATION SIZES; DELIMITATION; COALESCENT AB Allopatry is commonly used to predict boundaries in species delimitation investigations under the assumption that currently allopatric distributions are indicative of reproductive isolation; however, species ranges are known to change over time. Incorporating a temporal perspective of geographic distributions should improve species delimitation; to explore this, we investigate three species of western Plethodon salamanders that have shifted their ranges since the end of the Pleistocene. We generate species distribution models (SDM) of the current range, hindcast these models onto a climatic model 21 Ka, and use three molecular approaches to delimit species in an integrated fashion. In contrast to expectations based on the current distribution, we detect no independent lineages in species with allopatric and patchy distributions (Plethodon vandykei and Plethodon larselli). The SDMs indicate that probable habitat is more expansive than their current range, especially during the last glacial maximum (LGM) (21 Ka). However, with a contiguous distribution, two independent lineages were detected in Plethodon idahoensis, possibly due to isolation in multiple glacial refugia. Results indicate that historical SDMs are a better predictor of species boundaries than current distributions, and strongly imply that researchers should incorporate SDM and hindcasting into their investigations and the development of species hypotheses. C1 [Pelletier, Tara A.; Carstens, Bryan C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Crisafulli, Charlie] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Wagner, Steve] Cent Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ellensburg, WA 98926 USA. [Zellmer, Amanda J.] Occidental Coll, Dept Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. RP Carstens, BC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. EM carstens.12@osu.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0918212]; ASIH Gaige Fund Award; AMNH Theodore Roosevelt Grant; U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation to BCC (DEB-0918212), an ASIH Gaige Fund Award and AMNH Theodore Roosevelt Grant to TAP, and the U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station to CMC. NR 92 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 28 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1063-5157 EI 1076-836X J9 SYST BIOL JI Syst. Biol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 64 IS 6 BP 909 EP 925 DI 10.1093/sysbio/syu090 PG 17 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA CT9WU UT WOS:000363168100003 PM 25414176 ER PT J AU Zahniser, JN Dietrich, CH AF Zahniser, James N. Dietrich, Christopher H. TI Phylogeny, evolution, and historical biogeography of the grassland leafhopper tribe Chiasmini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) SO ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Auchenorrhyncha; classification; dispersal; Insecta; Membracoidea; morphology; Poaceae ID DISPERSAL-VICARIANCE ANALYSIS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; HOMOPTERA-CICADELLIDAE; ADAPTIVE RADIATION; GENUS; CLASSIFICATION; REDESCRIPTION; MEMBRACOIDEA; PHYTOPLASMA; MORPHOLOGY AB The phylogeny, evolution, and biogeography of the grassland-associated leafhopper tribe Chiasmini (21 genera, 316 species) were investigated using phylogenetic analyses of two different data sets, one including 81 taxa and 3000 aligned nucleotide positions from the NADH dehydrogenase subunit1 (ND1), histone H3, 28SrDNAD2, and cytochromec oxidase subunitII (COII) gene regions, and one including 31 taxa and 3610 aligned nucleotide positions from the 28SrDNAD2-D10 and histone H3 gene regions. The results were equivocal regarding the monophyly of the tribe, apparently because of low phylogenetic signal towards the base of the tree; however, analyses of 81 taxa recovered two well-supported clades that together included all sampled Chiasmini. CladeI was resolved as (Leofa (Nephotettix, Exitianus)); cladeII included the remaining 13 sampled genera. Most relationships between genera and species of Chiasmini were strongly supported. Alternative scenarios previously proposed for the origin of the Exitianus obscurinervis species group in the New World were examined through phylogenetic dating and biogeographic analyses. A sister-group relationship between the Exitianus nanus and Exitianus obscurinervis species groups was recovered, and the results were consistent with a long-distance dispersal event from either the Afrotropical region or the Pacific islands into South America at a maximum of 34.3Mya, and subsequent invasion and diversification of the group in North America at a maximum of 17.9Mya. For the primarily North American genus Athysanella, the largest genus of the tribe (137spp.), the results indicate that some of the previously recognized subgenera are not monophyletic. Observations on the remarkable diversity in head shape and other morphological characters are made and compared with other grassland-inhabiting tribes of Deltocephalinae.(c) 2015 The Linnean Society of London C1 [Zahniser, James N.; Dietrich, Christopher H.] Univ Illinois, Prairie Res Inst, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Zahniser, JN (reprint author), USDA, APHIS PPQ, 9777 Via Amistad, San Diego, CA 92154 USA. EM zahniser@illinois.edu RI Dietrich, Christopher/A-9169-2016 OI Dietrich, Christopher/0000-0003-4005-4305 FU NSF [DEB 0529679, DEB 08416112]; University of Illinois Campus Research Board; UIUC Dissertation Completion Fellowship; INHS H.H. Ross Memorial Award FX This work would not have been possible without the assistance of many museum curators and colleagues who sent us specimens and helped facilitate field-work to obtain fresh material. In particular, we thank Michael Stiller, Charles Bartlett, Roman Rakitov, Jason Cryan, Chandra Viraktamath, Vinton Thompson, Andrew Hicks, Michael Sharkey, Duan Yani, Luciana Musetti, Norman Johnson, and Christine Johnson for the donation or loan of specimens used in this study. We also thank Roman Rakitov and Daniela Takiya for assistance in the molecular lab. Comments from two anonymous reviewers are gratefully acknowledged. The Cyberinfrastructure for Phylogenetic Research (CIPRES) portal was a valuable tool for completing phylogenetic analyses, and is gratefully acknowledged. Financial support was provided by NSF grants DEB 0529679 and DEB 08416112, the University of Illinois Campus Research Board, the UIUC Dissertation Completion Fellowship, and the INHS H.H. Ross Memorial Award. NR 80 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4082 EI 1096-3642 J9 ZOOL J LINN SOC-LOND JI Zool. J. Linn. Soc. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 175 IS 3 BP 473 EP 495 DI 10.1111/zoj.12292 PG 23 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CU3SR UT WOS:000363446100002 ER PT J AU Vadas, PA Powell, JM Brink, GE Busch, DL Good, LW AF Vadas, Peter A. Powell, J. Mark Brink, Geoff E. Busch, Dennis L. Good, Laura W. TI Whole-farm phosphorus loss from grazing-based dairy farms SO AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Phosphorus; Runoff; Whole-farm; Model ID LOSS QUANTIFICATION TOOL; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; MITIGATION MEASURES; SURFACE RUNOFF; NEW-ZEALAND; NUTRIENT; MODEL; MANURE; IMPACT AB Phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural farms persists as a water quality impairment issue. For dairy farms, P can be lost from cropland, pastures, and open-air lots. A need remains for user-friendly, readily applied, decision-support tools that simulate all areas of dairy farms, and determine their relative contribution to whole-farm P loss. We used the Snap Plus and APLE models to estimate annual P loss from all areas on four grazing-based dairy farms in Wisconsin, USA. At the whole-farm level, average annual P loss (kg ha(-1)) from grazing-based dairy farms was low (0.5 to 1.8 kg ha(-1)), generally because a significant portion of land was in well-vegetated pastures or hay and had low erosion. However, there were areas on the farms that represented sources of significant P loss. For cropland, the greatest P loss was from areas with exposed soil, typically for corn production, and especially on steeper sloping land. The farm areas with the greatest P loss were concentrated animal housing, including barnyards, and over-wintering and young-stock lots. These areas can represent from about 5% to almost 30% of total farm P loss, depending on lot management and P loss from other land uses. Our project builds on research to show that producer surveys can provide reliable management information to assess whole-farm P loss. It also shows that we can use models like RUSLE2, Snap-Plus, and APLE to rapidly and reliably estimate P loss in runoff from all areas on a dairy farm and identify critical P source areas in greatest need of alternative management Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vadas, Peter A.; Powell, J. Mark; Brink, Geoff E.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Busch, Dennis L.] Univ Wisconsin Platteville, Platteville, WI USA. [Good, Laura W.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI USA. RP Vadas, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr West, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM peter.vadas@ars.usda.gov FU Wisconsin Department of Agriculture's Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative [10301] FX This research was funded by the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture's Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative, grant #10301. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-521X EI 1873-2267 J9 AGR SYST JI Agric. Syst. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 140 BP 40 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.agsy.2015.08.007 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA CT8OS UT WOS:000363076500005 ER PT J AU Luis, AD O'Shea, TJ Hayman, DTS Wood, JLN Cunningham, AA Gilbert, AT Mills, JN Webb, CT AF Luis, Angela D. O'Shea, Thomas J. Hayman, David T. S. Wood, James L. N. Cunningham, Andrew A. Gilbert, Amy T. Mills, James N. Webb, Colleen T. TI Network analysis of host-virus communities in bats and rodents reveals determinants of cross-species transmission SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Chiroptera; ecological networks; emerging infectious disease; Rodentia; zoonoses ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; EVOLUTION; PARASITES; PHYLOGENY; RESERVOIR; PATTERNS; MATRICES; ECOLOGY; PACKAGE AB Bats are natural reservoirs of several important emerging viruses. Cross-species transmission appears to be quite common among bats, which may contribute to their unique reservoir potential. Therefore, understanding the importance of bats as reservoirs requires examining them in a community context rather than concentrating on individual species. Here, we use a network approach to identify ecological and biological correlates of cross-species virus transmission in bats and rodents, another important host group. We show that given our current knowledge the bat viral sharing network is more connected than the rodent network, suggesting viruses may pass more easily between bat species. We identify host traits associated with important reservoir species: gregarious bats are more likely to share more viruses and bats which migrate regionally are important for spreading viruses through the network. We identify multiple communities of viral sharing within bats and rodents and highlight potential species traits that can help guide studies of novel pathogen emergence. C1 [Luis, Angela D.; Hayman, David T. S.; Webb, Colleen T.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Luis, Angela D.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Luis, Angela D.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [O'Shea, Thomas J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hayman, David T. S.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hayman, David T. S.] Massey Univ, mEpiLab, Infect Dis Res Ctr IDReC, Hopkirk Res Inst,Inst Vet Anim & Biomed Sci, Palmerston North 4442, Manawatu, New Zealand. [Wood, James L. N.] Univ Cambridge, Dis Dynam Unit, Dept Vet Med, Cambridge CB3 0ES, England. [Cunningham, Andrew A.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England. [Gilbert, Amy T.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Mills, James N.] Emory Univ, Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Luis, AD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM angela.luis@umontana.edu RI Cunningham, Andrew/E-7536-2010; Wood, James/A-1626-2008 OI Wood, James/0000-0002-0258-3188 FU Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directorate (US Department of Homeland Security); Fogarty International Center (National Institutes of Health); David H. Smith post-doctoral fellowship; Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit award; Alborada Trust FX This work was supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directorate (US Department of Homeland Security) and the Fogarty International Center (National Institutes of Health). D.T.S.H. acknowledges funding from a David H. Smith post-doctoral fellowship. A.A.C. is partially funded by a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit award, and J.L.N.W. is supported by the Alborada Trust. Thanks to Paul Cryan and Michael O'Donnell of the USGS Fort Collins Science Center for help with species distribution analyses. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 15 U2 65 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 18 IS 11 BP 1153 EP 1162 DI 10.1111/ele.12491 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CT6IB UT WOS:000362915600002 ER PT J AU Rose, LA Elliott, EM Adams, MB AF Rose, Lucy A. Elliott, Emily M. Adams, Mary Beth TI Triple Nitrate Isotopes Indicate Differing Nitrate Source Contributions to Streams Across a Nitrogen Saturation Gradient SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE nitrogen saturation; nitrogen deposition; nitrate isotopes; Fernow Experimental Forest; delta N-15-NO3-; delta O-18-NO3-; Delta O-17-NO3- ID TEMPERATE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; APPALACHIAN HARDWOOD FOREST; ATMOSPHERIC NITRATE; DENITRIFIER METHOD; NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; FRESH-WATER; SOIL; NITRIFICATION; RETENTION; DELTA-N-15 AB Nitrogen (N) deposition affects forest biogeochemical cycles worldwide, often contributing to N saturation. Using long-term (> 30-year) records of stream nitrate (NO3 (-)) concentrations at Fernow Experimental Forest (West Virginia, USA), we classified four watersheds into N saturation stages ranging from Stage 0 (N-limited) to Stage 3 (N-saturated). We quantified NO3 (-) contributions from atmospheric and microbial sources using delta N-15, delta O-18, and Delta O-17 of NO3 (-) and characterized the concentrations and isotopes of NO3 (-) in precipitation. Despite receiving identical atmospheric inputs, the proportions of atmospheric NO3 (-) in streams averaged from 7 to 10% in the hardwood watersheds (stages 1, 2, and 3) and 54% in the conifer watershed (Stage 0). This suggests that the hardwood watersheds may be less responsive to future reductions in N deposition than the conifer watershed, at least in the short term. As shown in other studies, atmospheric NO3 (-) proportions were higher during stormflow. Despite large proportions of atmospheric NO3 (-) in the Stage 0 stream, total atmospheric NO3 (-)-N flux from this watershed (2.9 g ha(-1)) was lower than fluxes in the other watersheds (range = 117.8-338.5 g ha(-1)). Seasonal patterns of delta N-15-NO3 (-) in the hardwood watersheds suggest enrichment of the soil NO3 (-) pool during the growing season due to plant uptake. In all watersheds, delta O-18-based mixing models over-estimated atmospheric NO3 (-) contributions to streams by up to 12% compared to Delta O-17-based estimates. Our results highlight the importance of atmospheric deposition as a NO3 (-) source in low-concentration streams and demonstrate the advantage of using Delta O-17-NO3 (-) over delta O-18-NO3 (-) for NO3 (-) source apportionment. C1 [Rose, Lucy A.; Elliott, Emily M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Space Res & Coordinat Ctr 200, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Adams, Mary Beth] USDA Forest Serv, Fernow Expt Forest, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Rose, LA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Space Res & Coordinat Ctr 200, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, 4107 Ohara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM lab125@pitt.edu RI Elliott, Emily /E-8122-2011 OI Elliott, Emily /0000-0002-9653-1513 FU NSF [0910521]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-67011-19663] FX This work was supported by NSF Grant #0910521 (to EME) and Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant #2012-67011-19663 (to LAR) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We thank Christopher Cassidy for assistance with sample collection and processing, Katherine Redling for isotopic analysis, and the helpful comments of three anonymous reviewers during the preparation of this manuscript. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD NOV PY 2015 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1209 EP 1223 DI 10.1007/s10021-015-9891-8 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CT7XE UT WOS:000363027600007 ER PT J AU Freedman, LS Midthune, D Carroll, RJ Commins, JM Arab, L Baer, DJ Moler, JE Moshfegh, AJ Neuhouser, ML Prentice, RL Rhodes, D Spiegelman, D Subar, AF Tinker, LF Willett, W Kipnis, V AF Freedman, Laurence S. Midthune, Douglas Carroll, Raymond J. Commins, John M. Arab, Lenore Baer, David J. Moler, James E. Moshfegh, Alanna J. Neuhouser, Marian L. Prentice, Ross L. Rhodes, Donna Spiegelman, Donna Subar, Amy F. Tinker, Lesley F. Willett, Walter Kipnis, Victor TI Application of a New Statistical Model for Measurement Error to the Evaluation of Dietary Self-report Instruments SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; WITHIN-PERSON VARIATION; RECOVERY BIOMARKERS; NUTRITIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; SODIUM-INTAKE; POTASSIUM INTAKE; 2 VALIDATION; PROTEIN; RECALLS AB Most statistical methods that adjust analyses for dietary measurement error treat an individual's usual intake as a fixed quantity. However, usual intake, if defined as average intake over a few months, varies over time. We describe a model that accounts for such variation and for the proximity of biomarker measurements to self-reports within the framework of a meta-analysis, and apply it to the analysis of data on energy, protein, potassium, and sodium from a set of five large validation studies of dietary self-report instruments using recovery biomarkers as reference instruments. We show that this time-varying usual intake model fits the data better than the fixed usual intake assumption. Using this model, we estimated attenuation factors and correlations with true longer-term usual intake for single and multiple 24-hour dietary recalls (24HRs) and food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and compared them with those obtained under the fixed method. Compared with the fixed method, the estimates using the time-varying model showed slightly larger values of the attenuation factor and correlation coefficient for FFQs and smaller values for 24HRs. In some cases, the difference between the fixed method estimate and the new estimate for multiple 24HRs was substantial. With the new method, while four 24HRs had higher estimated correlations with truth than a single FFQ for absolute intakes of protein, potassium, and sodium, for densities the correlations were approximately equal. Accounting for the time element in dietary validation is potentially important, and points toward the need for longer-term validation studies. C1 [Freedman, Laurence S.; Commins, John M.; Moler, James E.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Midthune, Douglas; Subar, Amy F.; Kipnis, Victor] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Carroll, Raymond J.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Arab, Lenore] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Baer, David J.; Moshfegh, Alanna J.; Rhodes, Donna] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Neuhouser, Marian L.; Prentice, Ross L.; Tinker, Lesley F.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Spiegelman, Donna; Willett, Walter] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Freedman, LS (reprint author), Sheba Med Ctr, Gertner Inst Epidemiol, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. EM lsf@actcom.co.il OI Moler, James/0000-0001-8738-6898 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, HHSN271201100004C] FX The Women's Health Initiative program is funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services through contracts HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, and HHSN271201100004C. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD NOV PY 2015 VL 26 IS 6 BP 925 EP 933 DI 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000377 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CT1JF UT WOS:000362553900020 PM 26360372 ER PT J AU Routh, JA Pringle, J Mohr, M Bidol, S Arends, K Adams-Cameron, M Hancock, WT Kissler, B Rickert, R Folster, J Tolar, B Bosch, S Behravesh, CB Williams, IT Gieraltowski, L AF Routh, J. A. Pringle, J. Mohr, M. Bidol, S. Arends, K. Adams-Cameron, M. Hancock, W. T. Kissler, B. Rickert, R. Folster, J. Tolar, B. Bosch, S. Behravesh, C. Barton Williams, I. T. Gieraltowski, L. TI Nationwide outbreak of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg infections associated with ground turkey: United States, 2011 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Food-borne infections; food safety; outbreaks; Salmonella; salmonellosis ID ENTERICA SEROVAR HEIDELBERG; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; FOOD ANIMALS; RETAIL MEAT; PATHOGENS; SEROTYPE; HEALTH AB On 23 May 2011, CDC identified a multistate cluster of Salmonella Heidelberg infections and two multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates from ground turkey retail samples with indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. We defined cases as isolation of outbreak strains in persons with illness onset between 27 February 2011 and 10 November 2011. Investigators collected hypothesis-generating questionnaires and shopper-card information. Food samples from homes and retail outlets were collected and cultured. We identified 136 cases of S. Heidelberg infection in 34 states. Shopper-card information, leftover ground turkey from a patient's home containing the outbreak strain and identical antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinical and retail samples pointed to plant A as the source. On 3 August, plant A recalled 36 million pounds of ground turkey. This outbreak increased consumer interest in MDR Salmonella infections acquired through United States-produced poultry and played a vital role in strengthening food safety policies related to Salmonella and raw ground poultry. C1 [Routh, J. A.; Pringle, J.; Hancock, W. T.; Bosch, S.; Behravesh, C. Barton; Williams, I. T.; Gieraltowski, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Outbreak Response & Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mohr, M.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Bidol, S.; Arends, K.] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Adams-Cameron, M.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Kissler, B.] USDA FSIS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rickert, R.; Folster, J.] CDC, Natl Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Syst, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tolar, B.] CDC, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Routh, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyp1@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 20 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 143 IS 15 BP 3227 EP 3234 DI 10.1017/S0950268815000497 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CT6WR UT WOS:000362954200009 PM 25865382 ER PT J AU Li, CL Bai, GH Carver, BF Chao, SM Wang, ZH AF Li, Chunlian Bai, Guihua Carver, Brett F. Chao, Shiaoman Wang, Zhonghua TI Single nucleotide polymorphism markers linked to QTL for wheat yield traits SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Epistatic effects; QTL for yield traits; QTL x environment interaction; SNP; Triticum aestivum ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; DOUBLED HAPLOID POPULATION; ELITE WINTER-WHEAT; GRAIN-YIELD; BREAD WHEAT; MAPPING QTLS; GENETIC DISSECTION; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; COMMON WHEAT; SPRING WHEAT AB Continuous improvement in grain yield is one of the major challenges for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding worldwide. This study characterized quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying wheat grain yield and its components using a high-density genetic linkage map developed from a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from 'Ning7840' x 'Clark'. The map consisted of 594 single nucleotide polymorphism and 404 simple sequence repeat markers covering a genetic distance of 4225.7 cM. The RIL population was evaluated for grain yield (GY), spike number per m(2) (SNPM), kernel number per spike (KNPS), and thousand-kernel weight (TKW) in three Oklahoma locations from 2001 to 2003. A total of 29 additive QTL (eight for GY, two for SNPM, five for KNPS, and 14 for TKW) were mapped on 13 chromosomes. Eight pairs of epistatic QTL were detected for different yield components: four for GY, two for KNPS, and two for TKW. Four additive QTL, including two for GY and two for KNPS, showed additive x environment interactions. QTL that were repeatable in multiple environments were identified for all traits except SNPM. Positive alleles were dispersed between the two parents for all traits, with 'Clark' contributing slightly more. Seven pleiotropic loci were co-localized for at least two traits. Interestingly, all co-localized loci overlapped for TKW, and four of them overlapped for GY. Thus, selecting QTL for TKW may simultaneously select for or against yield or other yield components in breeding. C1 [Li, Chunlian; Wang, Zhonghua] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Agron, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Chunlian; Wang, Zhonghua] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Chunlian; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bai, Guihua] ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Carver, Brett F.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM gbai@ksu.edu FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grants CAP project from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029]; Science and Technology Innovation Team Plan from Shaanxi province, China [2014KCT-25] FX This is contribution number 15-264-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. This project was partly funded by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants CAP project 2011-68002-30029 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture; and the Science and Technology Innovation Team Plan (2014KCT-25) from Shaanxi province, China. We also thank the International Wheat SNP Consortium for assembling the wheat 9 K iSelect chip. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD NOV PY 2015 VL 206 IS 1 BP 89 EP 101 DI 10.1007/s10681-015-1475-3 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CT5YD UT WOS:000362886100009 ER PT J AU Vacek, S Hunova, I Vacek, Z Hejcmanova, P Podrazsky, V Kral, J Putalova, T Moser, WK AF Vacek, Stanislav Hunova, Iva Vacek, Zdenek Hejcmanova, Pavla Podrazsky, Vilem Kral, Jan Putalova, Tereza Moser, W. Keith TI Effects of air pollution and climatic factors on Norway spruce forests in the Orlick, hory Mts. (Czech Republic), 1979-2014 SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Stress factors; Sulphur dioxide; Nitrogen air pollution; Ozone; Climate; Central Europe ID ABIES L. KARST.; PERMANENT RESEARCH PLOTS; PICEA-ABIES; KRKONOSE MOUNTAINS; GROWTH VARIATION; RADIAL GROWTH; HEALTH-STATUS; STANDS; TRENDS; DEPOSITION AB The area of the Orlick, hory Mts. has been characterised by decline and disturbances of Norway spruce (Picea abies/L./Karst.) stands since the 1980s. Currently, only three permanent research plots have been preserved from the original sixteen established plots in this region. In the present study, the health status, as indicated by defoliation, mortality, and stem radial growth, was studied in the peaty and climax spruce ecosystems in the upper elevations of the mountains from 1979 to 2014. This health status was correlated with ambient air pollution (SO2) as well as climate factors (temperature and precipitation). The health status of individual trees on the plots was determined by evaluation of the foliage status, and tree vitality was evaluated by measuring stem radial growth increment. Stress factor analysis showed that high air pollutant concentrations predisposed Norway spruce to stress from climatic events (drought, temperature changes), leading to forest decline. The most serious damage can be attributed to the combination of chemical and climatic stress. Stands with lowered vitality were attacked by secondary biotic pests (particularly bark beetle), resulting in rapid tree mortality. The damage process is marked not only by higher mortality, but also by chlorosis and necrosis of the needles. The stabilised trend in health status of the spruce stands was registered since approximately 1990s. In terms of climatic factors, the weather in June had the most visible influence on radial increment. Low temperatures and high precipitation were the limiting factors for radial growth in studied mountain area. C1 [Vacek, Stanislav; Vacek, Zdenek; Podrazsky, Vilem; Kral, Jan; Putalova, Tereza] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Prague 16521, Czech Republic. [Hunova, Iva] Czech Hydrometeorol Inst, Prague, Czech Republic. [Hejcmanova, Pavla] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Trop AgriSci, Prague 16521, Czech Republic. [Moser, W. Keith] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Vacek, Z (reprint author), Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Kamycka 1176, Prague 16521, Czech Republic. EM vacekz@fld.czu.cz FU Internal Grant Agency (IGA), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague [B0114] FX This study was funded by Internal Grant Agency (IGA no. 2/2 Department of Silviculture 2014 and IGA no. B0114), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague. NR 90 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-4669 EI 1612-4677 J9 EUR J FOREST RES JI Eur. J. For. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 134 IS 6 BP 1127 EP 1142 DI 10.1007/s10342-015-0915-x PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CT5YG UT WOS:000362886400014 ER PT J AU Tunick, MH Paul, M Ingham, ER Karreman, HJ Van Hekken, DL AF Tunick, Michael H. Paul, Moushumi Ingham, Elaine R. Karreman, Hubert J. Van Hekken, Diane L. TI Differences in milk characteristics between a cow herd transitioning to organic versus milk from a conventional dairy herd SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DAIRY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Milk; Organic; Grass-fed; Fatty acids ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; TOTAL MIXED RATION; PASTURE; HEALTH; PRODUCTS; RETINOL; SYSTEMS AB Characteristics of conventional milk and milk from a herd transitioning from nongrazing to organic were studied by comparing adjacent farms over a 12-month period. Levels of short- and medium-chain fatty acids partially responsible for aroma and flavour were initially lower in the milk from the transitioning herd, but not after the cows had settled into an organic diet. Once that point was reached, the amount of -linolenic acid in the transitioning herd milk exceeded that of the conventional herd. This case study demonstrates that subtle differences occur in the milk as cows transition to organic. C1 [Tunick, Michael H.; Paul, Moushumi; Van Hekken, Diane L.] USDA ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Ingham, Elaine R.] Soil Foodweb Inc, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Karreman, Hubert J.] Rodale Inst, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA. RP Tunick, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM michael.tunick@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-727X EI 1471-0307 J9 INT J DAIRY TECHNOL JI Int. J. Dairy Technol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 68 IS 4 BP 511 EP 518 DI 10.1111/1471-0307.12255 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CT6HS UT WOS:000362914700007 ER PT J AU Francisco, KS Hart, PJ Li, JB Cook, ER Baker, PJ AF Francisco, Kainana S. Hart, Patrick J. Li, Jinbao Cook, Edward R. Baker, Patrick J. TI Annual rings in a native Hawaiian tree, Sophora chrysophylla, on Maunakea, Hawai'i SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chronology; cross-dating; dendrochronology; tree age; tree-rings; tropics ID LONG-TERM GROWTH; TROPICAL TREES; FOREST; DYNAMICS; AGE; HISTORY; STAND AB Annual rings are not commonly produced in tropical trees because they grow in a relatively aseasonal environment. However, in the subalpine zones of Hawai'i's highest volcanoes, there is often strong seasonal variability in temperature and rainfall. Using classical dendrochronological methods, annual growth rings were shown to occur in Sophora chrysophylla, a native tree species on Maunakea, Hawai'i. Chronologies were established from nearby non-native, live conifer trees and these were used to verify the dates from a total of 52 series from 22 S. chrysophylla trees, establishing an 86-y chronology (1926-2011). Ring-width patterns were significantly correlated with monthly rainfall from August of the previous year. This study is the first in the eastern tropical Pacific region to demonstrate annual growth rings in trees. C1 [Francisco, Kainana S.; Hart, Patrick J.] Univ Hawaii, Trop Conservat Biol & Environm Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Francisco, Kainana S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Hart, Patrick J.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Li, Jinbao] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Geog, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Cook, Edward R.] Columbia Univ, Tree Ring Lab, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Baker, Patrick J.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Richmond, Vic 3121, Australia. RP Francisco, KS (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Trop Conservat Biol & Environm Sci, 200 West Kawili St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM ksfrancisco@fs.fed.us RI Li, Jinbao/D-3561-2011; OI Li, Jinbao/0000-0002-8919-4715; Baker, Patrick/0000-0002-6560-7124 FU Australian Research Council [FT120100715]; National Science Foundation's Centers for Research Excellence in Science and Technology (CREST) [0833211] FX We thank the many technicians, student assistants and interns for all their hard work in the collection, preparation and processing of samples - Tishanna Ben, Joshua Pang-Ching, Iwikauikaua Joaquin, Rhea Thompson and Leina'ala Hall. We also thank Susan Cordell (U.S. Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry) for helping with access to the Pohakuloa site, and Samuel Brooks (U.S. Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry) for escorting us and helping to collect samples at the Pohakuloa site. We also thank the Climate Center of Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory for funds to cover the field travel expenses of E. Cook and J. Li for conducting this research (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Contribution No. 7293). P. Baker was supported by a Future Fellowship (FT120100715) from the Australian Research Council. Mamane samples were collected with the collaboration of the Hawai'i State Division of Forestry and Wildlife (Permit DOFAWHA2010- 01). This project was funded by the National Science Foundation's Centers for Research Excellence in Science and Technology (CREST) (Award No. 0833211). NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0266-4674 EI 1469-7831 J9 J TROP ECOL JI J. Trop. Ecol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 31 BP 567 EP 571 DI 10.1017/S026646741500036X PN 6 PG 5 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CT8AL UT WOS:000363037100011 ER PT J AU Trainor, EA Nicholson, TL Merkel, TJ AF Trainor, Elizabeth A. Nicholson, Tracy L. Merkel, Tod J. TI Bordetella pertussis transmission SO PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Review DE Animal models; Bordetella pertussis; Bordetella bronchiseptica; Whooping cough; aerosol transmission ID VIRULENCE CONTROL-SYSTEM; NONHUMAN PRIMATE MODEL; LYMPHOID-TISSUE NALT; III SECRETION SYSTEM; WHOLE-CELL; HOUSEHOLD EXPOSURE; AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION; RESPIRATORY-INFECTION; BRONCHISEPTICA; VACCINE AB Bordetella pertussis and B. bronchiseptica are Gram-negative bacterial respiratory pathogens. Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough and is considered a human-adapted variant of B. bronchiseptica. Bordetella pertussis and B. bronchiseptica share mechanisms of pathogenesis and are genetically closely related. However, despite the close genetic relatedness, these Bordetella species differ in several classic fundamental aspects of bacterial pathogens such as host range, pathologies and persistence. The development of the baboon model for the study of B. pertussis transmission, along with the development of the swine and mouse model for the study of B. bronchiseptica, has enabled the investigation of different aspects of transmission including the route, attack rate, role of bacterial and host factors, and the impact of vaccination on transmission. This review will focus on B. pertussis transmission and how animal models of B. pertussis transmission and transmission models using the closely related B. bronchiseptica have increased our understanding of B. pertussis transmission. C1 [Trainor, Elizabeth A.; Merkel, Tod J.] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Bacterial Parasit & Allergen Prod, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Nicholson, Tracy L.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Merkel, TJ (reprint author), US FDA, CBER, DBPAP, Lab Resp & Special Pathogens, Bldg 72,Room 3308,10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. EM tod.merkel@fda.hhs.gov NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2049-632X J9 PATHOG DIS JI Pathog. Dis. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 73 IS 8 AR ftv068 DI 10.1093/femspd/ftv068 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA CT7FA UT WOS:000362978200013 PM 26374235 ER PT J AU Poffenbarger, HJ Mirsky, SB Weil, RR Maul, JE Kramer, M Spargo, JT Cavigelli, MA AF Poffenbarger, Hanna J. Mirsky, Steven B. Weil, Raymond R. Maul, Jude E. Kramer, Matthew Spargo, John T. Cavigelli, Michel A. TI Biomass and Nitrogen Content of Hairy Vetch-Cereal Rye Cover Crop Mixtures as Influenced by Species Proportions SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID VICIA-VILLOSA ROTH; ORGANIC CORN PRODUCTION; LEGUME-GRASS MIXTURES; WEED SUPPRESSION; SWEET CORN; ROLLER-CRIMPER; SEEDING RATE; FIELD PEA; KILL DATE; ZEA-MAYS AB The performance of legume-grass cover crop mixtures may be influenced by the species proportions in mixture. The objectives of this study were to: (i) evaluate total aboveground biomass and species biomass proportions resulting from different hairy vetch (legume; Vicia villosa Roth)/cereal rye (grass; Secale cereale L.) sown proportions, (ii) characterize aboveground N content and C/N ratios in response to species biomass proportions, and (iii) quantify biologically fixed nitrogen (BFN) in hairy vetch and the potential transfer of BFN to associated cereal rye. A gradient of six sown proportions ranging from 100% cereal rye to 100% hairy vetch was drilled in fall 2011 and 2012 at two sites in Beltsville, MD, and sampled for biomass, C and N content, and BFN the following spring. Hairy vetch monocultures produced less biomass than cereal rye monocultures, but biomass levels were similar between cereal rye monocultures and mixtures. Cereal rye was usually the dominant species in mixtures. Nitrogen content increased from 64 to 181 kg ha(-1) and C/N ratio decreased from 83 to 16 as hairy vetch biomass increased from 0 to 100%. Nitrogen content was estimated to plateau when hairy vetch reached approximately 50% of the total biomass. Averaged across site-years, BFN made up 63 and 86% of hairy vetch N in monoculture and mixture, respectively. For mixtures, a wide range of sown proportions produced > 8 Mg ha(-1) biomass, but achieving maximum N content and low C/N ratios required a hairy vetch/cereal rye seeding rate of 27: 34 kg ha(-1). C1 [Poffenbarger, Hanna J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Mirsky, Steven B.; Maul, Jude E.; Cavigelli, Michel A.] USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Weil, Raymond R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kramer, Matthew] USDA ARS, Stat Grp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Spargo, John T.] Penn State Univ, Agr Analyt Serv Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Mirsky, SB (reprint author), USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM steven.mirsky@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program [GNE11-025] FX This research was supported by funding from the USDA-NIFA Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program (project no. GNE11-025). The authors would like to thank George Meyers and Ted Currier for their help with field operations, and Ruth Mangum and Grace Garst for their assistance in sample collection and processing. Appreciation is also extended to the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 71 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 107 IS 6 BP 2069 EP 2082 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0462 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB2ML UT WOS:000368342900012 ER PT J AU Poffenbarger, HJ Mirsky, SB Weil, RR Kramer, M Spargo, JT Cavigelli, MA AF Poffenbarger, Hanna J. Mirsky, Steven B. Weil, Raymond R. Kramer, Matthew Spargo, John T. Cavigelli, Michel A. TI Legume Proportion, Poultry Litter, and Tillage Effects on Cover Crop Decomposition SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC CORN PRODUCTION; VETCH VICIA-VILLOSA; HAIRY VETCH; NITROGEN RELEASE; WEED SUPPRESSION; FERTILIZER N-15; SOIL-MOISTURE; GREEN MANURE; RYE MIXTURE; KILL DATE AB Cover crop residues and animal waste products can be important sources of N in cropping systems. The objectives of this research were to determine, under field conditions, the effects of hairy vetch (legume; Vicia villosa Roth)/cereal rye (grass; Secale cereale L.) proportion and pelletized poultry litter (PPL) management (no PPL, subsurface banded, broadcast, or incorporated with tillage) on the extent and rate of cover crop residue mass loss and N release during a subsequent growing season. Measuring cover crop residues placed in mesh litter bags, or residues+PPL in litter bags for the broadcast treatment, we found that increasing hairy vetch proportion led to greater proportional mass loss and N release (cumulative mass loss ranged from 40 to 80% and N release ranged from 0-90% of initial), as well as greater rates of mass loss in all PPL treatments. Nitrogen release rates were generally unaffected by species proportions; however, N release rates for pure cereal rye residue in all PPL treatments except broadcast could not be estimated due to minimal N release. Incorporation of residues and PPL increased the rates of mass loss and N release for pure hairy vetch and hairy vetch-cereal rye mixtures. Although broadcast PPL application and incorporation affected decomposition patterns, subsurface banded PPL application did not. Results suggest that cereal rye provides the greatest mulch persistence, hairy vetch provides the greatest N release, and mixtures provide moderate delivery of these two services. Subsurface banding is the recommended C1 [Mirsky, Steven B.; Cavigelli, Michel A.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Poffenbarger, Hanna J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Weil, Raymond R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kramer, Matthew] USDA ARS, Stat Grp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Spargo, John T.] Penn State Univ, Agr Analyt Serv Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Mirsky, SB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Steven.Mirsky@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program [GNE11-025] FX This research was supported by funding from the USDA-NIFA Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program (project no. GNE11-025). The authors would like to thank George Meyers and Ted Currier for their help with field operations, and Sarah Emche, Ruth Mangum, Grace Garst, and Brianna Otte for their assistance in litter bag preparation, collection, and processing. Appreciation is also extended to the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 107 IS 6 BP 2083 EP 2096 DI 10.2134/agronj15.0065 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB2ML UT WOS:000368342900013 ER PT J AU Stevens, WB Sainju, UM Caesar-TonThat, T Iversen, WM AF Stevens, William B. Sainju, Upendra M. Caesar-TonThat, Thecan Iversen, William M. TI Malt Barley Yield and Quality Affected by Irrigation, Tillage, Crop Rotation, and Nitrogen Fertilization SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SPRING BARLEY; SEEDING RATE; SUGAR-BEET; SYSTEMS; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; CULTIVAR; CONSERVATION; GROWTH; DATE AB Little is known about the comparison of management practices on malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) yield and quality in irrigated and non-irrigated cropping systems. We evaluated the effects of irrigation, tillage, cropping system, and N fertilization on malt barley yield and quality in a sandy loam soil from 2005 to 2011 in croplands converted from Conservation Reserve Program in western North Dakota. Treatments were two irrigation practices (irrigated vs. non-irrigated) and five cropping systems (conventional till malt barley with nitrogen fertilizer [CTBN], conventional till malt barley without nitrogen fertilizer [CTBO], no-till malt barley-pea [Pisum sativum L.] with nitrogen fertilizer [NTB-P], no-till malt barley with nitrogen fertilizer [NTBN], and no-till malt barley without nitrogen fertilizer [NTBO]). Malt barley biomass and grain yields were greater with NTB-P, CTBN, and NTBN than CTBO and NTBO in the irrigated and non-irrigated practices. Compared with CTBO and NTBO, grain protein concentration was greater with CTBN in the irrigated practice and greater with NTB-P in the non-irrigated practice. Grain plumpness was greater with CTBO than CTBN in the irrigated practice and greater with CTBN than NTB-P in the non-irrigated practice. Plant stand and test weight were greater with CTBO than CTBN in the irrigated practice and harvest index greater with NTBO than other treatments in the non-irrigated practice. Because of similar or superior yield and quality, NTB-P may be used to sustain malt barley yield and quality compared with the traditional CTBN in the irrigated condition and during years with adequate precipitation in the non-irrigated condition. C1 [Stevens, William B.; Sainju, Upendra M.; Caesar-TonThat, Thecan; Iversen, William M.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 North Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 North Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS-GRACEnet project FX We greatly appreciate the excellent support provided by Bryan Gebhard for the management and irrigation of field plots and Joy Barsotti and Chris Russell for soil and plant sample collection and analysis in the laboratory. We also acknowledge the partial financial support provided by USDA-ARS-GRACEnet project for this study. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 107 IS 6 BP 2107 EP 2119 DI 10.2134/agronj15.0027 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB2ML UT WOS:000368342900015 ER PT J AU Sindelar, AJ Schmer, MR Jin, VL Wienhold, BJ Varvel, GE AF Sindelar, Aaron J. Schmer, Marty R. Jin, Virginia L. Wienhold, Brian J. Varvel, Gary E. TI Long-Term Corn and Soybean Response to Crop Rotation and Tillage SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL-WATER STORAGE; STABILITY ANALYSIS; GRAIN-YIELD; NO-TILL; AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE; NITROGEN RATE; CLAY LOAM; SYSTEMS; VARIABILITY; MANAGEMENT AB Long-term experiments are essential to understand how crop rotation and tillage practices affect corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production and its resiliency to variable weather conditions. A 28-yr rainfed experiment was conducted in Nebraska to evaluate continuous corn (CC), the corn phase of corn-soybean rotation (CS), continuous soybean (SS), and the soybean phase of corn-soybean rotation (SC), and tillage system (chisel [CH], tandem disk [DK], moldboard plow [MP], no-till [NT], ridge-tillage [RT], and subsoil tillage [ST]) on grain yield and yield stability. In 19 of 28 yr, CS yields were greater than CC, although the corn grain yield advantage in CS decreased as CC yield increased. Rotated soybean (SC) grain yield was greater than SS in 67% of cropping years, and similar in the remaining 33%. Stability analysis showed that all crop rotation and tillage combinations, except CH for soybean, resulted in stable grain yields across a range of seasonal weather patterns. Corn grain yields were affected by tillage in 29% of the years, while NT soybean resulted in consistently high and stable grain yields following an initial 11-yr lag period. We conclude that crop rotation has a greater impact on corn and soybean production than tillage in the western Corn Belt, although nearly all combinations can produce stable yields if well managed. C1 [Sindelar, Aaron J.; Schmer, Marty R.; Jin, Virginia L.; Wienhold, Brian J.; Varvel, Gary E.] Univ Nebraska East Campus, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Sindelar, AJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska East Campus, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, 251 Food Ind Complex, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM aaron.sindelar@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture Research Service under the Greenhouse Gas Reduction through Agricultural Carbon Enhancement network (GRACEnet) FX This study is supported by the Agriculture Research Service under the Greenhouse Gas Reduction through Agricultural Carbon Enhancement network (GRACEnet). Mention of commercial names does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The authors thank Lloyd Mielke for his establishment of the study and Drs. Gary Varvel and Wally Wilhelm for their support of the study throughout its duration. The authors also acknowledge Kathy Yeater for her statistical consultation and suggestions. This study would also not be possible without the contributions of Steve Swanson, Paul Koerner, Nate Mellor, Robert Harrison, Chris Bauer, Aaron Bereuter, Dennis Francis, Ken Richards, Kim Ruwe, Jeff Shank, numerous graduate students, and many undergraduate student employees. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer and provider. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 107 IS 6 BP 2241 EP 2252 DI 10.2134/agronj15.0085 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB2ML UT WOS:000368342900026 ER PT J AU Boyer, CN Stefanini, M Larson, JA Smith, SA Mengistu, A Bellaloui, N AF Boyer, Christopher N. Stefanini, Melissa Larson, James A. Smith, S. Aaron Mengistu, Alennu Bellaloui, Nacer TI Profitability and Risk Analysis of Soybean Planting Date by Maturity Group SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN CORN-BELT; FORAGE YIELD; UPPER MIDWEST; GRAIN-YIELD; SYSTEMS; WHEAT; POPULATION; CULTIVARS; MIDSOUTH; QUALITY AB Limited knowledge exists regarding the yield response of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] from different maturity groups (MGs) to planting date in the southern United States. This information is needed to determine optimal planting dates for each MG. Our objective was to determine the optimum planting date for soybean in MG II, III, IV, and V in western Tennessee while considering producers' risk preference. Net returns for each MG with four revenue protection (RP) insurance coverage levels were simulated using planting date-yield response functions for each MG. A multiyear experiment (2008-2010) was conducted on MG II, III, IV, and V planted at different dates in Milan, TN. The profit-maximizing planting dates for soybean in western Tennessee were 24 May, 16 May, 13 May, and 22 May for MG II, III, IV, and V, respectively. The confidence intervals for the expected profit-maximizing planting dates across MGs overlapped, suggesting that Tennessee producers have a long period for planting. Risk-neutral to slightly risk-averse producers would prefer MG III with no RP, but as the risk aversion increased, the preferred management strategy was MG III with 80% RP. These results will help producers determine optimum planting windows and crop insurance options for soybean production in West Tennessee based on their risk preferences. C1 [Boyer, Christopher N.; Stefanini, Melissa; Larson, James A.; Smith, S. Aaron] Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Mengistu, Alennu] USDA ARS, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Bellaloui, Nacer] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Boyer, CN (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, 302-I Morgan Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM cboyer3@utk.edu FU USDA-ARS [6402-21220-011-00D]; USDA; Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board [15-103-P]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [TEN00248] FX We thank Chris Street, USDA-ARS Southeast Area, Biological Science Technician, for his assistance in maintaining plots and collecting data for the test. This research was funded by the USDA-ARS Project no. 6402-21220-011-00D and the USDA. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Support was also provided by the Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board (Project no. 15-103-P) and from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Project TEN00248. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 107 IS 6 BP 2253 EP 2262 DI 10.2134/agronj15.0148 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB2ML UT WOS:000368342900027 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, Y Webster, CD Thompson, KR Cummins, VC Gannam, AL Twibell, RG Hyde, NM Koch, JFA AF Kobayashi, Yuka Webster, Carl D. Thompson, Kenneth R. Cummins, Vaun C., Jr. Gannam, Ann L. Twibell, Ronald G. Hyde, Nathan M. Albers Koch, Joao Fernando TI Effects on growth, survival, body composition, processing traits and water quality when feeding a diet without vitamin and mineral supplements to Australian red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) grown in ponds SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE red claw; growth; diets; pond culture ID PENAEUS-MONODON JUVENILES; VON-MARTENS DECAPODA; TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; EXTENSIVE CULTURE-SYSTEM; REDCLAW CRAYFISH; PRACTICAL DIETS; PROTEIN-LEVELS; PROCAMBARUS-CLARKII; EARTHEN PONDS; PARASTACIDAE AB To be profitable, producers must reduce diet costs, which can be as high as 80% of the variable costs of an aquaculture expense. As vitamin and mineral premixes represent a significant cost, eliminating addition of these premixes could reduce diet costs if no adverse effects were observed for growth and production parameters. A 105-day feeding trial was conducted with juvenile Australian red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) to evaluate the effects of growth, survival, body composition, processing traits and water quality when red claw were fed a supplemental diet containing 28% crude protein (CP) without vitamin and mineral premixes (and supplemented alfalfa hay) compared with red claw fed a diet (control diet) containing 42% CP, vitamin and mineral premixes, and with supplemented alfalfa hay, and compared with red claw only fed alfalfa hay when grown in ponds. Juvenile red claw (mean weight of 15.7 +/- 1.0g) were randomly stocked into nine 0.02-ha ponds at a rate of 640 per pond (3.2 perm(2)), and each treatment was used in three ponds. There were two feedings per day, each consisting of one-half of the total daily ration. At harvest, individual weight, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, survival and total yield of red claw fed a control diet was significantly higher (P<0.05) (83.0g, 398%, 1.53%day(-1), 65.1%,and 1708kgha(-1) respectively) compared with red claw only fed alfalfa hay (44.9g, 202%, 1.04%day(-1), 30.3% and 431kgha(-1), respectively), but not different (P>0.05) from red claw fed the supplemental diet without vitamin and mineral premixes (76.2g, 367%, 1.47%day(-1), 57.2% and 1378kgha(-1)). There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in feed conversion ratio (FCR) among treatments, which averaged 5.0 (based on prepared diet input). These results indicate that vitamin and mineral supplementation in a diet is not necessary when diet containing 28% CP and alfalfa hay are used in combination for pond grown red claw. These results may help reduce diet costs and possibly increase producers' profits which might allow for industry expansion. C1 [Kobayashi, Yuka; Webster, Carl D.; Thompson, Kenneth R.; Cummins, Vaun C., Jr.] Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY USA. [Gannam, Ann L.; Twibell, Ronald G.; Hyde, Nathan M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA USA. [Albers Koch, Joao Fernando] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Cummins, Vaun C., Jr.] Alltech, Ctr Nutrigen & Appl Anim Nutr, Nicholasville, KY USA. RP Webster, CD (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM carl.webster@ars.usda.gov FU USDA [KYX-80-09-18A] FX The authors thank N. Ann, K.C., K.N. Dee, B.R. Lee, E.M. Maa, Cathy Rhin, B. Rett, Shi Ron, M.S. Tee, D.R. Wynne and Sam Wise for their technical assistance. This manuscript is in partial fulfillment of a Master's of Science degree, Division of Aquaculture, Kentucky State University for the lead author. Research was partially funded by a USDA grant under agreement KYX-80-09-18A to Kentucky State University. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1355-557X EI 1365-2109 J9 AQUAC RES JI Aquac. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 46 IS 11 BP 2716 EP 2727 DI 10.1111/are.12427 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA CT0XS UT WOS:000362521900014 ER PT J AU Yemshanov, D Haight, RG Koch, FH Lu, B Venette, R Lyons, DB Scarr, T Ryall, K AF Yemshanov, Denys Haight, Robert G. Koch, Frank H. Lu, Bo Venette, Robert Lyons, D. Barry Scarr, Taylor Ryall, Krista TI Optimal allocation of invasive species surveillance with the maximum expected coverage concept SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE emerald ash borer; human-mediated spread; invasive species; maximum expected coverage problem; optimal survey allocation; pathways; propagule pressure ID RESERVE SITE SELECTION; EMERALD ASH BORER; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS; RISK-AVERSION; MANAGEMENT; FIREWOOD; FOREST; OPTIMIZATION; STRATEGIES AB Aim We address the problem of geographically allocating scarce survey resources to detect pests in their pathways of introduction given information about their likelihood of movement between origins and destinations. We introduce a model for selecting destination sites for survey that departs from the aim of reducing propagule pressure (PP) in pest destinations and instead aims to increase monitoring of pest origins. The model is a maximum expected coverage problem (MECP), which maximizes the expected number of origins that are covered by the survey system, where an origin is covered if at least one of its transmission pathways connects to a surveyed destination. For comparison, we present two models that aim to reduce PP in destination sites. One model maximizes the expected number of transmission pathways that are covered by survey locations and the other maximizes the expected number of survey locations that have one or more pest introductions. Location United States, Canada. Methods We demonstrate the models by analysing the human-mediated spread of the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire), a major pest of ash trees in North America, by visitors to campgrounds in central Canada and the US Midwest. The models incorporate estimates of spread rates from a network of campers travelling from approximately 6500 invaded domains to 266 uninvaded campgrounds in three Canadian provinces (Ontario, Quebec and Manitoba) and three US states (Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin). Results The MECP and PP-based model solutions agreed for large surveillance budgets but exhibited differences when the budgets were small. These results stem from differences between the coverage-based objective in MECP and the PP-based metrics in the PP models. Main conclusions Our comparison of MECP and PP-based models reveals the trade-offs between objectives. Overall, the MECP is generic and can be adapted to survey species that are spread via other human-mediated vectors. C1 [Yemshanov, Denys; Lu, Bo; Lyons, D. Barry; Ryall, Krista] Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Haight, Robert G.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Koch, Frank H.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Venette, Robert] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Scarr, Taylor] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 6V5, Canada. RP Yemshanov, D (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. EM dyemshan@nrcan.gc.ca OI Koch, Frank/0000-0002-3750-4507 NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 21 IS 11 BP 1349 EP 1359 DI 10.1111/ddi.12358 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CT4RY UT WOS:000362795700008 ER PT J AU Chocron, R Flather, CH Kadmon, R AF Chocron, Rachel Flather, Curtis H. Kadmon, Ronen TI Bird diversity and environmental heterogeneity in North America: a test of the area-heterogeneity trade-off SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE BBS; community ecology; elevational range; habitat diversity; land-cover richness; niche theory; species richness ID SPECIES RICHNESS; HABITAT HETEROGENEITY; ANIMAL COMMUNITIES; SPATIAL SCALES; PATTERNS; CLIMATE; POPULATION; ENERGY; EXTINCTION; LANDSCAPES AB Aim Deterministic niche theory predicts that increasing environmental heterogeneity increases species richness. In contrast, a recent stochastic model suggests that heterogeneity has a unimodal effect on species richness since high levels of heterogeneity reduce the effective area available per species, thereby increasing the likelihood of stochastic extinction (the "area-heterogeneity trade-off'). We tested these contrasting predictions using data on bird distributions in North America. Location North America. Methods The effect of heterogeneity on species richness was tested using simultaneous autoregressive regression models based on two measures of heterogeneity (elevational range and land-cover richness) each quantified at two scales (400m, 5km), three measures of species richness (observed, corrected for incomplete detection, and corrected for regional richness) and three variable selection methods [forced entry, Akaike information criterion (AIC)-based and a null-model approach]. Covariates included precipitation, temperature, elevation and latitude. For all variables, both linear and quadratic terms were included in the analyses. Results Overall, heterogeneity had a weak effect on species richness and the contribution of the quadratic term of heterogeneity to the explained variance was very small (< 1%). Nevertheless, in all 36 models, the coefficients of both the linear and quadratic terms of heterogeneity were statistically significant and the estimated inflection point was within the range of the data, as predicted by the area-heterogeneity trade-off. Moreover, in 30 out of the 36 models, support for a unimodal effect of heterogeneity on species richness based on information theoretic criteria was strong (AIC>10), and in 22 of those 30 models the null hypothesis of a monotonically positive relationship could be rejected at the 0.05% significance level. Main conclusions Patterns of bird richness in North America were predominantly consistent with the predictions of the area-heterogeneity trade-off. Future attempts to understand the mechanisms affecting species diversity should pay more attention to the potential consequences of this fundamental trade-off. C1 [Chocron, Rachel; Kadmon, Ronen] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Life Sci, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Kadmon, R (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Life Sci, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. EM kadmon@mail.huji.ac.il FU Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology TASHTIOT Program; Israeli Science Foundation [454/11, 1026/11] FX We thank the USGS Patuxent Research Center for facilitating the data used in this analysis, and all the volunteers of the BBS for their extraordinary work. We also thank two anonymous referee, V. Devictor and D. Currie for valuable comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology TASHTIOT Program and by the Israeli Science Foundation grants no. 454/11 and 1026/11. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X EI 1466-8238 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 24 IS 11 BP 1225 EP 1235 DI 10.1111/geb.12353 PG 11 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA CT4SC UT WOS:000362796400003 ER PT J AU Graca, T Paradiso, L Broschat, SL Noh, SM Palmer, GH AF Graca, Telmo Paradiso, Lydia Broschat, Shira L. Noh, Susan M. Palmer, Guy H. TI Primary Structural Variation in Anaplasma marginale Msp2 Efficiently Generates Immune Escape Variants SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID SEGMENTAL GENE CONVERSION; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; PATHOGENS; SUPERINFECTION; BACTERIAL; TRANSMISSION; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; INFECTION; EPITOPES AB Antigenic variation allows microbial pathogens to evade immune clearance and establish persistent infection. Anaplasma marginale utilizes gene conversion of a repertoire of silent msp2 alleles into a single active expression site to encode unique Msp2 variants. As the genomic complement of msp2 alleles alone is insufficient to generate the number of variants required for persistence, A. marginale uses segmental gene conversion, in which oligonucleotide segments from multiple alleles are recombined into the expression site to generate a novel msp2 mosaic not represented elsewhere in the genome. Whether these segmental changes are sufficient to evade a broad antibody response is unknown. We addressed this question by identifying Msp2 variants that differed in primary structure within the immunogenic hypervariable region microdomains and tested whether they represented true antigenic variants. The minimal primary structural difference between variants was a single amino acid resulting from a codon insertion, and overall, the amino acid identity among paired microdomains ranged from 18 to 92%. Collectively, 89% of the expressed structural variants were also antigenic variants across all biological replicates, independent of a specific host major histocompatibility complex haplotype. Biological relevance is supported by the following: (i) all structural variants were expressed during infection of a natural host, (ii) the structural variation observed in the microdomains corresponded to the mean length of variants generated by segmental gene conversion, and (iii) antigenic variants were identified using a broad antibody response that developed during infection of a natural host. The findings demonstrate that segmental gene conversion efficiently generates Msp2 antigenic variants. C1 [Graca, Telmo; Paradiso, Lydia; Broschat, Shira L.; Noh, Susan M.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Graca, Telmo; Broschat, Shira L.; Noh, Susan M.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Paradiso, Lydia; Broschat, Shira L.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Noh, Susan M.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. RP Graca, T (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM telmo@vetmed.wsu.edu OI Graca, Telmo/0000-0001-7940-4283 FU National Institutes of Health [R37 AI44005]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/68377/2010] FX Research was supported by National Institutes of Health grant R37 AI44005. Telmo Graca was partially supported by a scholarship through Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia SFRH/BD/68377/2010. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 83 IS 11 BP 4178 EP 4184 DI 10.1128/IAI.00851-15 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CT0NU UT WOS:000362494000001 PM 26259814 ER PT J AU Houston, S Taylor, JS Denchev, Y Hof, R Zuerner, RL Cameron, CE AF Houston, Simon Taylor, John S. Denchev, Yavor Hof, Rebecca Zuerner, Richard L. Cameron, Caroline E. TI Conservation of the Host-Interacting Proteins Tp0750 and Pallilysin among Treponemes and Restriction of Proteolytic Capacity to Treponema pallidum SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID PAPILLOMATOUS DIGITAL DERMATITIS; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; SIGNAL PEPTIDES; DAIRY-CATTLE; SYPHILIS; BINDING; COAGULATION; SEQUENCE; REGIONS AB The spirochete Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum is the causative agent of syphilis, a chronic, sexually transmitted infection characterized by multiple symptomatic and asymptomatic stages. Although several other species in the genus are able to cause or contribute to disease, T. pallidum differs in that it is able to rapidly disseminate via the bloodstream to tissue sites distant from the site of initial infection. It is also the only Treponema species able to cross both the blood-brain and placental barriers. Previously, the T. pallidum proteins, Tp0750 and Tp0751 (also called pallilysin), were shown to degrade host proteins central to blood coagulation and basement membrane integrity, suggesting a role for these proteins in T. pallidum dissemination and tissue invasion. In the present study, we characterized Tp0750 and Tp0751 sequence variation in a diversity of pathogenic and nonpathogenic treponemes. We also determined the proteolytic potential of the orthologs from the less invasive species Treponema denticola and Treponema phagedenis. These analyses showed high levels of sequence similarity among Tp0750 orthologs from pathogenic species. For pallilysin, lower levels of sequence conservation were observed between this protein and orthologs from other treponemes, except for the ortholog from the highly invasive rabbit venereal syphilis-causing Treponema paraluiscuniculi. In vitro host component binding and degradation assays demonstrated that pallilysin and Tp0750 orthologs from the less invasive treponemes tested were not capable of binding or degrading host proteins. The results show that pallilysin and Tp0750 host protein binding and degradative capability is positively correlated with treponemal invasiveness. C1 [Houston, Simon; Denchev, Yavor; Hof, Rebecca; Cameron, Caroline E.] Univ Victoria, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Taylor, John S.] Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Zuerner, Richard L.] ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Zuerner, Richard L.] Swedish Univ Agr Res, Dept Biomed & Vet Publ Hlth, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Cameron, CE (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Victoria, BC, Canada. EM caroc@uvic.ca FU Public Health Service grant from the National Institutes of Health [AI-051334]; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Swedish Research Council [211-20121612] FX This study was funded by Public Health Service grant AI-051334 from the National Institutes of Health, and partial support was provided by awards from the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, the British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund, and Swedish Research Council Formas grant 211-20121612. C.E.C. is a Canada Research Chair in Molecular Pathogenesis and a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar. NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 83 IS 11 BP 4204 EP 4216 DI 10.1128/IAI.00643-15 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CT0NU UT WOS:000362494000004 PM 26283341 ER PT J AU Steenberg, JWN Millward, AA Duinker, PN Nowak, DJ Robinson, PJ AF Steenberg, James W. N. Millward, Andrew A. Duinker, Peter N. Nowak, David J. Robinson, Pamela J. TI Neighbourhood-scale urban forest ecosystem classification SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem classification; Urban forest; Neighbourhood; Management; Cluster analysis ID ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; GROUP IDENTITY; CANOPY COVER; LAND-COVER; MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION; CANADA; LANDSCAPE; STREET; FORM AB Urban forests are now recognized as essential components of sustainable cities, but there remains uncertainty concerning how to stratify and classify urban landscapes into units of ecological significance at spatial scales appropriate for management. Ecosystem classification is an approach that entails quantifying the social and ecological processes that shape ecosystem conditions into logical and relatively homogeneous management units, making the potential for ecosystem-based decision support available to urban planners. The purpose of this study is to develop and propose a framework for urban forest ecosystem classification (UFEC). The multifactor framework integrates 12 ecosystem components that characterize the biophysical landscape, built environment, and human population. This framework is then applied at the neighbourhood scale in Toronto, Canada, using hierarchical cluster analysis. The analysis used 27 spatially-explicit variables to quantify the ecosystem components in Toronto. Twelve ecosystem classes were identified in this UFEC application. Across the ecosystem classes, tree canopy cover was positively related to economic wealth, especially income. However, education levels and homeownership were occasionally inconsistent with the expected positive relationship with canopy cover. Open green space and stocking had variable relationships with economic wealth and were more closely related to population density, building intensity, and land use. The UFEC can provide ecosystem-based information for greening initiatives, tree planting, and the maintenance of the existing canopy. Moreover, its use has the potential to inform the prioritization of limited municipal resources according to ecological conditions and to concerns of social equity in the access to nature and distribution of ecosystem service supply. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Steenberg, James W. N.] Ryerson Univ, Environm Appl Sci & Management, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. [Steenberg, James W. N.; Millward, Andrew A.] Ryerson Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, Urban Forest Res & Ecol Disturbance UFRED Grp, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. [Duinker, Peter N.] Dalhousie Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Studies, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Nowak, David J.] SUNY ESF, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA,Moon Lib 5, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Robinson, Pamela J.] Ryerson Univ, Sch Urban & Reg Planning, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. RP Steenberg, JWN (reprint author), Ryerson Univ, Environm Appl Sci & Management, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. EM james.steenberg@ryerson.ca; millward@GEOGRAPHY.ryerson.ca; peter.duinker@dal.ca; dnowak@fs.fed.us; pamela.robinson@ryerson.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Ryerson University FX Funding for this project was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and Ryerson University. We would like to thank the Urban Forest Research and Ecological Disturbance (UFRED) Group at Ryerson University and Eric Greenfield at the USDA Forest Service for their feedback on the study. This research was, in part, conducted and funded during the lead author's Fulbright exchange at the USDA Forest Service's Northern Research Station in Syracuse, New York. Fulbright Canada is a joint, bi-national, treaty-based organization created to encourage mutual understanding between Canada and the United States of America through academic and cultural exchange. NR 79 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 65 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 163 BP 134 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.08.008 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CS7ZX UT WOS:000362306600017 PM 26311086 ER PT J AU Ko, YK Lee, JH McPherson, EG Roman, LA AF Ko, Yekang Lee, Jun-Hak McPherson, E. Gregory Roman, Lara A. TI Long-term monitoring of Sacramento Shade program trees: Tree survival, growth and energy-saving performance SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Shade trees; Survivorship; Tree mortality; Tree growth; Energy conservation; Urban ecosystem ID URBAN FOREST; GREEN SPACE; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; AIR-POLLUTION; USA; VEGETATION; HEALTH; SEQUESTRATION; ENVIRONMENTS; BENEFITS AB Long-term survival and growth of urban forests are critical to achieve the targeted benefits of urban tree planting programs, such as building energy savings from tree shade. However, little is known about how trees perform in the long-term, especially in residential areas. Given this gap in the literature, we monitored 22-years of post-planting survival, growth, and energy saving performance of shade trees in Sacramento, California. Using field surveys, aerial photo interpretation and survival analysis, we calculated cumulative survivorship and compared measured with projected tree growth. Using Shadow Pattern Simulator and Micropas (building energy simulation), combined with survival and growth observations, we modeled the current energy savings produced by the program trees and then compared this result with initial projections from the early years of the program. The 22-year post planting survivorship was 42.4%, considerably less than the initial projection. On average, measured growth rates were within expected ranges to provide shading benefits; 22-year old trees reached 74.6% and 68.8% of the projected 30-year mature size for tree heights and crown diameters, respectively. Annual energy savings were 107 kWh per property and 80 kWh per tree, which were 23% and 52% of the initial projection, respectively. Lower survivorship was the primary factor influencing lower cooling savings. Medium-sized trees had higher survivorship and growth attainment compared to other trees. This study contributes to more accurate quantification of urban greening performance, helping urban forest managers make data-driven decisions. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ko, Yekang] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Planning & Landscape Architecture, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Lee, Jun-Hak] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [McPherson, E. Gregory] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. [Roman, Lara A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Philadelphia Field Stn, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Ko, YK (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Planning & Landscape Architecture, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM yekangko@uta.edu FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; UC Berkeley [12-CA-11272131-045, 00008201] FX We thank the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station and UC Berkeley for funding this project (Prime Award No. 12-CA-11272131-045; Sub-agreement No. 00008201). We are grateful to J.R. Simpson and P. Peper (USDA Forest Service), M. Sarkovich (SMUD), R. Tretheway, C. Blain, L. Leineke, and C. Cadwallader (Sacramento Tree Foundation) and J.D. Radke (UC Berkeley) for their helpful comments and support throughout the project. Lastly, we thank graduate student Binay Adhikari (UT Arlington) for his assistance. NR 72 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 143 BP 183 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.07.017 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA CT2EN UT WOS:000362614900019 ER PT J AU Wu, JY Stewart, TW Thompson, JR Kolka, RK Franz, KJ AF Wu, Jiayu Stewart, Timothy W. Thompson, Janette R. Kolka, Randall K. Franz, Kristie J. TI Watershed features and stream water quality: Gaining insight through path analysis in a Midwest urban landscape, USA SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Coupled human and natural systems; Path analysis; Urban hydrology; Urban streams; Stream water conductivity; Stream water nutrients ID LAND-COVER; CENTRAL IOWA; URBANIZATION; PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN; IMPACTS; MANAGEMENT; AREA; FIT; BIODIVERSITY AB Urban stream condition is often degraded by human activities in the surrounding watershed. Given the complexity of urban areas, relationships among variables that cause stream degradation can be difficult to isolate. We examined factors affecting stream condition by evaluating social, terrestrial, stream hydrology and water quality variables from 20 urban stream watersheds in central Iowa, U.S.A. We used path analysis to examine and quantify social and ecological factors related to variation in stream conditions. Path models supported hypotheses that stream water quality was influenced by variables in each category. Specifically, one path model indicated that increased stream water conductivity was linked to high road density, which itself was associated with high human population density. A second path model revealed nitrogen concentration in stream water was positively related to watershed area covered by cropland, and that cropland increased as human population density declined. A third path model indicated phosphorus concentration in stream water declined as percent of watershed residents with college education increased, although the mechanism underlying this relationship was unclear and could have been an artifact of lower soil-derived nutrient input from watersheds dominated by paved surfaces. To improve environmental conditions in urban streams, land use planning strategies should include limiting or reducing road density near streams, installing treatment trains for surface water runoff associated with roads, and establishing vegetated buffer zones to reduce inputs of road salt and other pollutants. Additionally, education/outreach should be conducted with residents to increase understanding of how their own behaviors influence stream water quality. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Jiayu; Stewart, Timothy W.; Thompson, Janette R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kolka, Randall K.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Res Ecosyst Change, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Franz, Kristie J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Thompson, JR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 339 Sci 2 Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jasperwoo@hotmail.com; twstewar@iastate.edu; jrrt@iastate.edu; rkolka@fs.fed.us; kfranz@iastate.edu RI Franz, Kristie/B-1554-2012 OI Franz, Kristie/0000-0002-3700-6321 FU Chinese Scholarship Council; Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research at the University of Iowa; State of Iowa; McIntire-Stennis funding FX We would like to thank the stream sampling team (J. Bolton, M. Gerken Golay, P. Bice, R. Manatt, and A. Olson) for their help with stream monitoring, sample collection and analyses. We also appreciate technical assistance from city staff members in the five communities, and we thank them as well as local residents for permission to access stream sampling locations. This research was supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council, the Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research at the University of Iowa, the State of Iowa, and McIntire-Stennis funding. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 12 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 143 BP 219 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.08.001 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA CT2EN UT WOS:000362614900022 ER PT J AU Chen, YG Flint, ML Coleman, TW Doccola, JJ Grosman, DM Wood, DL Seybold, SJ AF Chen, Yigen Flint, Mary L. Coleman, Tom W. Doccola, Joseph J. Grosman, Donald M. Wood, David L. Seybold, Steven J. TI Impact of the goldspotted oak borer, Agrilus auroguttatus, on the health of coast live oak before and after treatment with two systemic insecticides SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Buprestidae; Coleoptera; emamectin benzoate; imidacloprid; invasive species; Quercus agrifolia ID EMERALD ASH BORER; SCHAEFFER COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; BARK BEETLE ATTACK; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; COXALIS WATERHOUSE; EMAMECTIN BENZOATE; TRUNK-INJECTION; PROTECTION; TREES; HOST AB BACKGROUNDThe invasive goldspotted oak borer, Agrilus auroguttatus, is threatening the health and survival of oak trees in San Diego County, California. From two sites in the core area of the infestation, we report a 2.5year investigation of the impact of A. auroguttatus on coast live oak, Quercus agrifolia, before and after treatment with two systemic insecticides, emamectin benzoate (EB) and imidacloprid (IC). RESULTSNone of the 446 survey trees died during the study. The crown dieback rating of most trees at both study sites remained unchanged, regardless of insecticide treatment. A higher cumulative increase in the number of A. auroguttatus emergence holes was observed on trees that were previously infested and on trees with larger diameters. Over the 2.5year period, the new infestation rates of initially uninfested trees across the untreated and treated groups were 50% (EB) and 32% (IC), and neither EB nor IC treatment affected cumulative increases in the number of emergence holes. EB-injected trees did not have significant annual increases in the number of A. auroguttatus emergence holes at either 1.5 or 2.5years compared with that at 0.5years, whereas untreated trees had significant annual increases. Although IC-injected trees had a significantly greater annual increment in the number of emergence holes than untreated trees during the last year of the study, treated trees had significant reductions in annual increases in emergence holes at both 1.5 and 2.5years compared with that at 0.5years. Untreated trees had no significant reduction in the annual increase in emergence holes at 1.5 and 2.5years. CONCLUSIONSA. auroguttatus preferentially attacked previously infested and larger (diameter at breast height > 15-30cm) oak trees, but the attacks led to very gradual changes in the health of the trees. Both EB and IC provided minor suppressive effects on A. auroguttatus emergence. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Chen, Yigen; Flint, Mary L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Coleman, Tom W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, San Bernardino, CA USA. [Doccola, Joseph J.; Grosman, Donald M.] Arborjet Inc, Woburn, MA USA. [Wood, David L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seybold, Steven J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. RP Chen, YG (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ygchen2007@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Invasive Species Program [09-JV-11272138-028]; USDA Forest Service, Region 5 Office of State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection; USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program [R5-2011-03]; USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology [1081001528CA, 1181301528CA]; USDA Forest Service, Washington Office of State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection FX We thank Richard and Janette Slaughter (Japatul Valley) and Floyd and William Bennett (Deerhorn Valley) for permission to use coast live oak trees on their properties. We appreciate the assistance of Tracy Johnston and Sylvester Ruiz (Smart Way Landscapes, Descanso, CA) with the application of imidacloprid and the initial inventory of the trees at the Japatul experimental site. David Cox (Syngenta Crop Protection, Greensboro, NC), and Dawn Fluharty (Arborjet) assisted with the injections at the Deerhorn Valley site. Michael Jones (PhD student at the State University of New York, Syracuse, NY) and Laurel Haavik (postdoctoral scholar, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada) assisted in assessing A. auroguttatus emergence holes and crown condition in October 2012. Zachary Heath (USDA FS FHM Program, Davis, CA) assisted with the graphics for Fig. 1. The authors acknowledge funding provided for this work by: the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Invasive Species Program (Joint Venture Agreement 09-JV-11272138-028); the USDA Forest Service, Region 5 and Washington Offices of State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection, the USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program (Grant R5-2011-03); the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, for its support of the project 'Developing Efficient Detection Traps for the Exotic Goldspotted Oak Borer in Southern California' (Agreements 1081001528CA and 1181301528CA). NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 71 IS 11 BP 1540 EP 1552 DI 10.1002/ps.3959 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA CT1LC UT WOS:000362558800008 PM 25491729 ER PT J AU Zhu, JWJ Brewer, GJ Boxler, DJ Friesen, K Taylor, DB AF Zhu, Junwei J. Brewer, Gary J. Boxler, David J. Friesen, Kristina Taylor, David B. TI Comparisons of antifeedancy and spatial repellency of three natural product repellents against horn flies, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Haematobia irritans; repellent efficacy; catnip oil; geraniol; fatty acids ID FLY DIPTERA; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; MOSQUITO REPELLENTS; NEPETA-CATARIA; CATNIP-OIL; CATTLE; CONTACT AB BACKGROUNDHorn flies are among the most important biting fly pests of cattle in the United States. Horn fly management is largely dependent upon pesticides, which ultimately leads to the rapid development of insecticide resistance. Alternative control strategies, including repellents, have shown promising results in reducing fly biting. In the present study, we examined the efficacy and longevity of recently identified natural product repellents against horn flies. RESULTSCatnip oil, geraniol and C8910 acids reduced horn fly feeding in a laboratory bioassay and also exhibited spatial repellency in the olfactometer. Residual activity was observed for up to 3 days in laboratory assays; however, 24h of residual effectiveness was observed from the two repellents when applied on cattle in the field. The limited residual effectiveness was correlated with the high volatility of the major active repellent compounds. CONCLUSIONAll three natural product repellents effectively repel biting horn flies, exhibiting both feeding deterrence and spatial repellency. They may be used for developing an effective push-pull strategy with a slow release matrix that can prolong their effectiveness for horn fly management. (c) 2014 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Zhu, Junwei J.; Friesen, Kristina; Taylor, David B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Brewer, Gary J.; Boxler, David J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Zhu, JWJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jerry.zhu@ars.usda.gov RI Taylor, David/G-6025-2014 OI Taylor, David/0000-0002-4378-4867 FU USDA-NIFA [2012-3438120191]; USDA-CSREE [2009-51100-05769]; [1030] FX We express our deep gratitude to B Voelker, B Mills, Dennis Berkebile and T Weinhold for their technical help with this study. We also thank Dr K Lohmeyer, USDA-ARS, Kerrville, Texas, for providing the horn flies for the laboratory bioassays. This work was done in cooperation with the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and supported partly by Regional Project 1030. This study was partly supported by funding from USDA-NIFA (2012-3438120191) and USDA-CSREE (2009-51100-05769). NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 71 IS 11 BP 1553 EP 1560 DI 10.1002/ps.3960 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA CT1LC UT WOS:000362558800009 PM 25491886 ER PT J AU Rault, JL Kells, N Johnson, C Dennis, R Sutherland, M Lay, DC AF Rault, Jean-Loup Kells, Nikki Johnson, Craig Dennis, Rachel Sutherland, Mhairi Lay, Donald C., Jr. TI Nitrous oxide as a humane method for piglet euthanasia: Behavior and electroencephalography (EEG) SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Aversive; Carbon dioxide; Death; Gas; Swine; Welfare ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; CARBON-DIOXIDE; HALOTHANE; PIGS; WELFARE; GAS; RESPONSES; SWINE; VALIDATION; ANESTHESIA AB The search for humane methods to euthanize piglets is critical to address public concern that current methods are not optimal. Blunt force trauma is considered humane but esthetically objectionable. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is used but criticized as aversive. This research sought to: 1) evaluate the aversiveness of inhaling nitrous oxide (N2O; 'laughing gas') using an approach-avoidance test relying on the piglet's perspective, and 2) validate its humaneness to induce loss of consciousness by electroencephalography (EEG). The gas mixtures tested were N2O and air (90%:10%; '90N'); N2O, oxygen and air (60%:30%:10%; '60N'); and CO2 and air (90%:10%; '90C'). Experiment 1 allowed piglets to walk freely between one chamber filled with air and another prefilled with 60N or 90N. All piglets exposed to 60N lasted for the 10 min test duration whereas all piglets exposed to 90N had to be removed within 5 min because they fell recumbent and unresponsive and then started to flail. Experiment 2 performed the same test except the gas chamber held N2O prefilled at 25%, 50%, or 75% or CO2 prefilled at 7%, 14%, or 21%. The test was terminated more quickly at higher concentrations due to the piglets' responses. Time spent ataxic was greater in the middle concentration gradients. Flailing behavior tended to correlate with increasing concentrations of CO2 but not 1420. Experiment 3, using the minimal anesthesia model, showed that both 90N and 90C induced isoelectric EEG, in 71 and 59 s respectively, but not 60N within 15 min. The EEG results together with the observed behavioral changes reflect differences in the animal's perceptive experience. The implications for animal welfare are that N2O is much less aversive than CO2, and 90% N2O can euthanize piglets. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Rault, Jean-Loup] Univ Melbourne, Fac Vet & Agr Sci, Anim Welf Sci Ctr, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Kells, Nikki; Johnson, Craig] Massey Univ, Inst Vet Anim & Biomed Sci, Anim Welf Sci & Bioeth Ctr, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Dennis, Rachel; Lay, Donald C., Jr.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sutherland, Mhairi] AgResearch Ltd, Ruakura Res Ctr, Hamilton, New Zealand. RP Rault, JL (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Fac Vet & Agr Sci, Anim Welf Sci Ctr, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. EM raultj@unimelb.edu.au OI Rault, Jean-Loup/0000-0001-6015-8318; Sutherland, Mhairi/0000-0001-6972-2405 FU United States National Pork Board [13-109] FX This work was partially funded by a grant from the United States National Pork Board (#13-109). We thank Kim McMunn, Avi Sapkota, Margaret Tanner and Nestor Sededji for their help with Experiments 1 and 2, and Ngaio Beausoleil for her help with statistical analyses with Experiment 3. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 151 BP 29 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.05.026 PG 9 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA CT1ZU UT WOS:000362602600005 PM 26129686 ER PT J AU Fan, YT Hua, X Zhang, YZ Feng, YH Shen, QY Dong, J Zhao, W Zhang, WB Jin, ZY Yang, RJ AF Fan, Yuting Hua, Xiao Zhang, Yuzhu Feng, Yinghui Shen, Qiuyun Dong, Juan Zhao, Wei Zhang, Wenbin Jin, Zhengyu Yang, Ruijin TI Cloning, expression and structural stability of a cold-adapted beta-galactosidase from Rahnella sp R3 SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE beta-Galactosidase; Cold-adapted enzyme; Enzyme structure stability; Lactose hydrolysis ID BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; LACTOSE HYDROLYSIS; GENOME SEQUENCE; PURIFICATION; STRAIN; AQUATILIS; ENZYMES; ISOLATE; SOIL AB A novel gene was isolated for the first time from a psychrophilic gram-negative bacterium Rahnella sp. R3. The gene encoded a cold-adapted beta-galactosidase (R-beta-Gal). Recombinant R-beta-Gal was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), purified and characterized. R-beta-gal belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family 42. Circular dichroism spectrometry of the structural stability of R-beta-Gal with respect to temperature indicated that the secondary structures of the enzyme were stable to 45 degrees C. In solution, the enzyme was a homo-trimer and was active at temperatures as low as 4 degrees C. The enzyme did not require the presence of metal ions to be active, but Mg2+, Mn2+, and Ca2+ enhanced its activity slightly, whereas Fe3+, Zn2+ and Al3+ appeared to inactive it. The purified enzyme displayed K-m values of 6.5 mM for ONPG and 2.2 mM for lactose at 4 degrees C. These values were lower than the corresponding K(m)s reported for other cold-adapted beta-Gals. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fan, Yuting; Hua, Xiao; Dong, Juan; Jin, Zhengyu; Yang, Ruijin] Jiangnan Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China. [Fan, Yuting; Feng, Yinghui; Shen, Qiuyun; Zhao, Wei; Zhang, Wenbin; Yang, Ruijin] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yuzhu] ARS, USDA, Pacific West Area, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Yang, RJ (reprint author), Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China. EM yilin58299@163.com; huaxiao@jiangnan.edu.cn; yrj@jiangnan.edu.cn FU Key project of the National Natural Science Fund [31230057]; National Key Technology R&D Program in the 12th Five year Plan of China [2011BAD23B03]; China Scholarship Council FX We are grateful to the Key project of the National Natural Science Fund (31230057) and the National Key Technology R&D Program in the 12th Five year Plan of China (2011BAD23B03) for financial support. The author is grateful to for the visiting scholarship funded by the China Scholarship Council. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 26 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 EI 1096-0279 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 115 BP 158 EP 164 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2015.07.001 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA CT2HS UT WOS:000362623200022 PM 26145832 ER PT J AU Ramesh, D Ayre, BG Webber, CL D'Souza, NA AF Ramesh, Dinesh Ayre, Brian G. Webber, Charles L. D'Souza, Nandika Anne TI Dynamic mechanical analysis, surface chemistry and morphology of alkali and enzymatic retted kenaf fibers SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE kenaf; retting; mechanical properties; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Fourier transform Raman; natural fiber; cell wall ID HIBISCUS-CANNABINUS; BACTERIAL; NONWOVENS; SORBENTS AB Bast fibers grow in the bark layer of many plants and have been used for textiles and cordage for over 6000 years. Bast fibers are expanding into new markets of non-woven fabrics and composite materials, and a comparative assessment of surface reactive groups and mechanical properties after different retting procedures is of value. Here, bast fiber of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L., Malvaceae) were prepared by (1) alkali retting with 2% NaOH and (2) enzymatic retting with pectinase, and compared with commercially-available fiber retted by the natural microbe population in ocean water. Fiber structure was analyzed by fluorescence and electron microscopy; fiber chemistry was assessed by Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and by carbohydrate analysis; and mechanical properties were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. Collectively, these show that enzymatic and microbial retting preserve the natural fiber structure and result in superior mechanical properties compared with alkali retting, which disrupts structure and degrades quality. The impacts of the retting procedure on fiber chemistry, morphology and mechanical properties are discussed. C1 [Ramesh, Dinesh; Ayre, Brian G.; D'Souza, Nandika Anne] Univ N Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Webber, Charles L.] USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, Washington, DC USA. RP D'Souza, NA (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Room F101M,1155 Union Circle 311098, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM ndsouza@unt.edu FU National Science Foundation [CMMI 1031828, DBI 1126205, PFI 1114389] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant numbers CMMI 1031828, DBI 1126205 and PFI 1114389). NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 14 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 EI 1746-7748 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 85 IS 19 BP 2059 EP 2070 DI 10.1177/0040517515576322 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA CT2PA UT WOS:000362643800008 ER PT J AU Markland, SM LeStrange, KJ Sharma, M Kniel, KE AF Markland, S. M. LeStrange, K. J. Sharma, M. Kniel, K. E. TI Old Friends in New Places: Exploring the Role of Extraintestinal E.coli in Intestinal Disease and Foodborne Illness SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Escherichia coli; extraintestinal; zoonosis; antibiotic resistance; avian pathogenic E; coli; urinary tract infections ID PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; URINARY-TRACT-INFECTIONS; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; BIOFILM FORMATION; BROILER-CHICKENS; COMMON PILUS; E. COLI; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEQUENCE AB The emergence of new antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli pathotypes associated with human disease has led to an investigation in terms of the origins of these pathogens. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, unspecified agents are responsible for 38.4 million of the 48 million (80%) cases of foodborne illnesses each year in the United States. It is hypothesized that environmental E.coli not typically associated with the ability to cause disease in humans could potentially be responsible for some of these cases. In order for an environmental E.coli isolate to have the ability to cause foodborne illness, it must be able to utilize the same attachment and virulence mechanisms utilized by other human pathogenic E.coli. Recent research has shown that many avian pathogenic E.coli (APEC) isolated from poultry harbour attachment and virulence genes also currently found in human pathogenic E.coli isolates. Research also suggests that, in addition to the ability to cause gastrointestinal illnesses, APEC may also be an etiological agent of foodborne urinary tract infections (FUTIs). The purpose of this article was to evaluate the evidence pertaining to the ability of APEC to cause disease in humans, their potential for zoonotic transfer along with discussion on the types of illnesses that may be associated with these pathogens. C1 [Markland, S. M.; LeStrange, K. J.; Kniel, K. E.] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Sharma, M.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Kniel, KE (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, 044 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM kniel@udel.edu NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD NOV PY 2015 VL 62 IS 7 BP 491 EP 496 DI 10.1111/zph.12194 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA CT3XN UT WOS:000362740300001 PM 25917531 ER PT J AU Wang, J Liu, QQ Chen, RR Liu, WZ Sainju, UM AF Wang, Jun Liu, Quan-Quan Chen, Rong-Rong Liu, Wen-Zhao Sainju, Upendra M. TI Soil carbon dioxide emissions in response to precipitation frequency in the Loess Plateau, China SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Birch effect; Carbon pools; CO2 flux; Dryland cropping systems; Simulated precipitation ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS; CO2 EFFLUX; N-MINERALIZATION; ORGANIC-MATTER; RESPIRATION; CYCLES; FLUX; ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; DECREASES AB Precipitation events can induce episodic CO2 emissions, so called the "Birch Effect", which could be affected by soil microbial activity in dryland cropping systems. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of precipitation frequencies on soil CO2 fluxes and the mechanism responsible for the Birch Effect during fallow after winter wheat harvest in the Loess Plateau of China. A simulated precipitation of 240 mm was applied at 5, 10, and 20 days intervals (I5, I10, and I20, respectively) for 60 days and soil CO2 flux, K2SO4-extractable C (EOC) and microbial biomass C (MBC) were measured. The CO2 flux increased immediately following precipitation events, with peak fluxes of 7.9, 8.2, and 7.7 mu mol CO(2)m(-2) s(-1) for I5, I10, and I20, respectively. Cumulative CO2 flux from days 55-60 was greater for I5 and I10 than I20. The EOC and MBC were not affected by precipitation simulation at the first event, but MBC increased from the first to the last precipitation event, especially for I5 and I10. The CO2 flux was strongly correlated with EOC at the first event (r = 0.73, 0.85 and 0.90 for I5, I10 and I20, P < 0.01, respectively), but not correlated with EOC at the last event for I5 and I10 and the correlation decreased from the first to the last event (r = 0.47, P < 0.01) for I20. In contrast, the correlation coefficient of CO2 flux with MBC was not significant at first event and increased to 0.81 (P < 0.01), 0.44 and 0.47 (P < 0.05) at the last event for I5, I10 and I20, respectively. Higher precipitation frequency at shorter intervals increased CO2 emissions compared to lower frequency at longer intervals due to enhanced microbial activity as a result of increased substrate availability from accelerated soil aggregate destruction. The dominant mechanism for the "Birch Effect" shifted from "substrate supply" at the first precipitation event to "microbial stress" at the last event, especially for shorter precipitation intervals. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Jun; Liu, Quan-Quan; Chen, Rong-Rong] Northwest Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Xian 710127, Peoples R China. [Liu, Wen-Zhao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Liu, Wen-Zhao] Minist Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Sainju, Upendra M.] ARS, USDA, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Northwest Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Xuefu Ave 1, Xian 710127, Peoples R China. EM wangj@nwu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31270484, 31570440]; Program for International S & T Cooperation and Exchange Projects of Shannxi Province [2015KW026]; MOE Humanities and Social Science Project [12YJC840040] FX This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31270484, 31570440), Program for International S & T Cooperation and Exchange Projects of Shannxi Province (2015KW026) and the MOE Humanities and Social Science Project (No. 12YJC840040). We thank the Changwu Agro-Ecological Research Station in the Loess Plateau for providing experimental site and research support. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 96 BP 288 EP 295 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.026 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CS2EK UT WOS:000361880400034 ER PT J AU Reddy, AM Mehelis, CN AF Reddy, Angelica M. Mehelis, Christopher N. TI Pre-release efficacy assessment of the leaf-mining moth Digitivalva delaireae (Lepidoptera: Glyphipterigidae), a potential biological control agent for Cape-ivy, Delairea odorata (Asteraceae), in western North America SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Biological weed control; German ivy; Leaf miner; Herbivory; Pre-release evaluation; Agent efficacy ID CATS CLAW CREEPER; MIMOSA-PIGRA; SOUTH-AFRICA; DEFOLIATION; WEED; COLEOPTERA; PATTERNS; CHRYSOMELIDAE; BIGNONIACEAE; OVIPOSITION AB The leaf-mining moth Digitivalva delaireae Gaedike & Kruger (Lepidoptera: Glyphipterigidae) is a potential biological control agent for the invasive vine Cape-ivy, Delairea odorata Lemaire (Asteraceae), in western North America, where two morphological varieties (stipulate and exstipulate) of Cape-ivy occur. Two laboratory experiments were conducted to assess (1) the oviposition preference of D. delaireae for either of the two varieties and (2) its impact on plant performance using low and high densities of the moth on both varieties. There was no difference between the two varieties in the proportion of leaves oviposited on or damaged by D. delaireae. Similarly, the effect of D. delaireae herbivory on plant performance was not influenced by Cape-ivy variety. Independent of moth density treatment (low or high), herbivory by D. delaireae resulted in an overall reduction in plant growth and biomass accumulation, and Cape-ivy was unable to compensate for D. delaireae damage: mean relative growth rate, main stem length increment, dry shoot biomass, and leaf mass fraction were reduced 22%, 27%, 22%, and 17% in plants exposed to D. delaireae herbivory compared to unexposed plants. These results indicate that once released, D. delaireae has the potential to negatively affect stem growth, biomass accumulation and rate of stand expansion of Cape-ivy in the field. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Reddy, Angelica M.; Mehelis, Christopher N.] ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Reddy, AM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, WRRC EIW, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Angelica.Reddy@ars.usda.gov; Chris.Mehelis@ars.usda.gov FU Bureau of Land Management Research [5325-22000-020-17R]; USDA-ARS, CRIS Project [5325-22000-020-00D] FX We thank Mike Pitcairn and Patrick Moran for critical reviews. This work was funded by a Bureau of Land Management Research Agreement, Number 5325-22000-020-17R, and the USDA-ARS, CRIS Project Number 5325-22000-020-00D. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD NOV PY 2015 VL 90 BP 67 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2015.05.012 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA CS8BJ UT WOS:000362310400009 ER PT J AU Qayyum, MA Wakil, W Arif, MJ Sahi, ST Dunlap, CA AF Qayyum, Mirza Abdul Wakil, Waqas Arif, Muhammad Jalal Sahi, Shahbaz Talib Dunlap, Christopher A. TI Infection of Helicoverpa armigera by endophytic Beauveria bassiana colonizing tomato plants SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Endophytic fungi; Colonization; Root dip; Injection; Solid substrate; Direct foliar; Tomato fruitworm ID BANANA MUSA-SPP.; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; ASCOMYCOTA-HYPOCREALES; COSMOPOLITES-SORDIDUS; INOCULATION; LEPIDOPTERA; SEEDLINGS; ESTABLISHMENT; COLONIZATION; NOCTUIDAE AB Beauveria bassiana was isolated from leaf tissue of a wild tomato plant. This isolate (reference WG-40) and a further two isolates of B. bassiana from soil (reference WG-14 and WG-19) were evaluated for their ability to endophytically colonize tomatoes and subsequently infect Helicoverpa armigera larvae. The three isolates were inoculated on to tomato plants using root dip, injection, solid substrate and direct foliar application methods. A detached leaf assay was used to evaluate B. bassiana-induced mortality of second and fourth instar larvae of H. armigera at 1,3 and 5 weeks post plant inoculation with B. bassiana. Isolate WG-40 was the most effective at colonizing tomato plants compared to WG-14 and WG-19 that originated from soil. Root dipping was the most successful inoculation method. Larval mortality of H. armigera was significantly affected by the larval stage and the application method used to establish the fungus. Second instar larvae were more susceptible than fourth instar at all time intervals evaluated. Isolate WG-40 was the most pathogenic and achieved the highest insect mortality. Pupation and adult emergence were inversely correlated to the fungal infection. A few adverse growth effects on the tomato plants were observed as a consequence of endophytic colonization by B. bassiana, although the response was related to application method and fungal isolate. These findings suggest that endophytic colonization of B. bassiana has potential as an effective strategy to control H. armigera in tomatoes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Qayyum, Mirza Abdul; Wakil, Waqas; Arif, Muhammad Jalal] Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Entomol, Faisalabad, Pakistan. [Sahi, Shahbaz Talib] Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Plant Pathol, Faisalabad, Pakistan. [Dunlap, Christopher A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Wakil, W (reprint author), Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Entomol, Faisalabad, Pakistan. EM arid1972@yahoo.com FU Higher Education Commission, Islamabad, Pakistan FX This study was supported by financial assistance from the Higher Education Commission, Islamabad, Pakistan under the Indigenous Fellowship Scheme. This manuscript forms part of the PhD dissertation of M.A. Qayyum. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the USDA over other firms or similar products not mentioned. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 38 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD NOV PY 2015 VL 90 BP 200 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2015.04.005 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA CS8BJ UT WOS:000362310400025 ER PT J AU Diefendorf, AF Freeman, KH Wing, SL Currano, ED Mueller, KE AF Diefendorf, Aaron F. Freeman, Katherine H. Wing, Scott L. Currano, Ellen D. Mueller, Kevin E. TI Paleogene plants fractionated carbon isotopes similar to modern plants SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Paleocene; Eocene; bighorn basin; biomarkers; lipids; compound specific isotope analyses ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; EOCENE THERMAL MAXIMUM; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; BIGHORN BASIN; C3 PLANTS; DISCRIMINATION; DELTA-C-13; PALEOCENE; DEPOSITS; TREES AB The carbon isotope composition (delta C-13) of terrestrial plant biomarkers, such as leaf waxes and terpenoids, provides insights into past carbon cycling. The delta C-13 values of modern plant biomarkers are known to be sensitive to climate and vegetation type, both of which influence fractionation during lipid biosynthesis by altering plant carbon supply and its biochemical allocation. It is not known if fractionation observed in living plants can be used to interpret fossil lipids because plant biochemical characteristics may have evolved during the Cenozoic in response to changes in global climate and atmospheric CO2. The goal of this study was to determine if fractionation during photosynthesis (Delta(leaf)) in the Paleogene was consistent with expectations based on living plants. To study plant fractionation during the Paleogene, we collected samples from eight stratigraphic beds in the Bighorn Basin (Wyoming, USA) that ranged in age from 63 to 53 Ma. For each sample, we measured the delta C-13 of angiosperm biomarkers (triterpenoids and n-alkanes) and, abundance permitting, conifer biomarkers (diterpenoids). Leaf delta C-13 values estimated from different angiosperms biomarkers were consistently 2 parts per thousand lower than leaf delta C-13 values for conifers calculated from diterpenoids. This difference is consistent with observations of living conifers and angiosperms and the consistency among different biomarkers suggests ancient epsilon(lipid) values were similar to those in living plants. From these biomarker-based delta C-13(leaf) values and independent records of atmospheric delta C-13 values, we calculated Delta(leaf). These calculated Delta(leaf) values were then compared to Delta(leaf) values modeled by applying the effects that precipitation and major taxonomic group in living plants have on Delta(leaf) values. Calculated and modeled Delta(leaf) values were offset by less than a permil. This similarity suggests that carbon fractionation in Paleogene plants changed with water availability and major taxonomic group to about the same degree it does today. Further, paleoproxy data suggest at least two of the stratigraphic beds were deposited at times when pCO(2) levels were higher than today. Biomarker data from these beds are not consistent with elevated Delta(leaf) values, possibly because plants adapted carbon uptake and assimilation characteristics to pCO(2) changes over long timescales. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Diefendorf, Aaron F.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Freeman, Katherine H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wing, Scott L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, NHB121, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Currano, Ellen D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Mueller, Kevin E.] ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Diefendorf, AF (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, POB 210013, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM aaron.diefendorf@uc.edu RI Freeman, Katherine/H-5140-2011; OI Freeman, Katherine/0000-0002-3350-7671; Mueller, Kevin/0000-0002-0739-7472; Wing, Scott/0000-0002-2954-8905 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR-0844212, EAR-1229114]; Penn State Biogeochemical Research Initiative for Education (BRIE) - NSF IGERT Grant [DGE-9972759]; American Chemical Society PRF Grant [51787-DNI2]; Roland W. Brown Fund of the Smithsonian Institution FX We thank Francesca McInerney and Dana Royer for their thoughtful reviews. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Grants EAR-0844212 (K.H.F.) and EAR-1229114 (A.F.D.), fellowship awards from the Penn State Biogeochemical Research Initiative for Education (BRIE) funded by NSF IGERT Grant DGE-9972759, an American Chemical Society PRF Grant #51787-DNI2 (A.F.D.), and the Roland W. Brown Fund of the Smithsonian Institution (E.D.C). NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 429 BP 33 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.07.029 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CS4QE UT WOS:000362060200005 ER PT J AU Guzman, JA Moriasi, DN Gowda, PH Steiner, JL Starks, PJ Arnold, JG Srinivasan, R AF Guzman, J. A. Moriasi, D. N. Gowda, P. H. Steiner, J. L. Starks, P. J. Arnold, J. G. Srinivasan, R. TI A model integration framework for linking SWAT and MODFLOW SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Integrated hydrologic modelling; SPELLmap; Surface-groundwater interactions; SWATmf; Water resource management ID RIVER EXPERIMENTAL WATERSHEDS; CURVE NUMBER HYDROLOGY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FUTURE-DIRECTIONS; OKLAHOMA MESONET; FOOD SECURITY; QUALITY; FLOW; GROUNDWATER; IMPACTS AB Assessment of long-term anthropogenic impacts on agro-ecosystems requires comprehensive modelling capabilities to simulate water interactions between the surface and groundwater domains. To address this need, a modelling framework, called "SWATmf", was developed to link and integrate the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a widely used surface watershed model with the MODFLOW, a groundwater model. The SWATmf is designed to serve as a project manager, builder, and model performance evaluator, and to facilitate dynamic interactions between surface and groundwater domains at the watershed scale, thus providing a platform for simulating surface and groundwater interactions. Using datasets from the Fort Cobb Reservoir experimental watershed (located in Oklahoma, USA), the SWATmf to facilitate linkage and dynamic simulation of SWAT and MODFLOW models. Simulated streamflow and groundwater levels generally agreed with observations trends showing that the SWATmf can be used for simulating surface and groundwater interactions. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Guzman, J. A.; Moriasi, D. N.; Steiner, J. L.; Starks, P. J.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Gowda, P. H.] ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Arnold, J. G.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M, Agr & Life Sci, Spatial Sci Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Guzman, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM jorge.guzman@okstate.edu RI Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service FX Development of the SWAT-MODFLOW model framework was funded by U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service. The authors would like to thank Shana Mashburn and Mark Becker from the U.S. Geological Survey, and Christopher R. Neel and Jessica S. Magers from the Oklahoma Water Resource Board for data provided, access to core samples and general overview of the study area. We are also grateful to Alan Verser for his contribution to the SWAT model setup. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 73 BP 103 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.08.011 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CS2NC UT WOS:000361906900010 ER PT J AU Katurji, M Nikolic, J Zhong, SY Pratt, S Yu, LJ Heilman, WE AF Katurji, Marwan Nikolic, Jovanka Zhong, Shiyuan Pratt, Scott Yu, Lejiang Heilman, Warren E. TI Application of a statistical emulator to fire emission modeling SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Fire emission; Statistical emulator; Simulator; FEPS; Emission prediction; Gaussian processes ID SMOKE; CARBON AB We have demonstrated the use of an advanced Gaussian-Process (GP) emulator to estimate wildland fire emissions over a wide range of fuel and atmospheric conditions. The Fire Emission Production Simulator, or FEPS, is used to produce an initial set of emissions data that correspond to some selected values in the domain of the input fuel and atmospheric parameters for the purpose of training the emulator. The emulated emissions are found to be within +/-5% of the FEPS simulated emissions, providing confidence in the potential use of the GP-emulator for this and other similar applications. Cluster analysis for 1000 emulator-produced posterior samples spanning a wide-range of fuel and environmental conditions suggest that the emulator not only produces valid results but also preserves the physical relationships between the fire emission and the fuel and environmental conditions. Results show that the GP-emulator could be used as an alternative to the simulations from the FEPS modeling system when four or more input parameters related to fuel type, fuel moisture, and weather condition are allowed to vary. This work also provides a conceptual basis for constructing a nation-wide emissions inventory based on a trained GP-emulator representing the complex geographic distribution of fuel types and environmental conditions. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Katurji, Marwan; Nikolic, Jovanka; Zhong, Shiyuan; Yu, Lejiang] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Katurji, Marwan] Univ Canterbury, Ctr Atmospher Res, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Pratt, Scott] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Heilman, Warren E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Lansing, MI USA. RP Katurji, M (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Ctr Atmospher Res, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. EM katurji@msu.edu FU NSF Office of Cyber Infrastructure [PHY-0941373] FX This work is supported by Grant PHY-0941373 through the NSF Office of Cyber Infrastructure. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 73 BP 254 EP 259 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.08.016 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CS2NC UT WOS:000361906900021 ER PT J AU Pittelkow, CM Linquist, BA Lundy, ME Liang, XQ van Groenigen, KJ Lee, J van Gestel, N Six, J Venterea, RT van Kessel, C AF Pittelkow, Cameron M. Linquist, Bruce A. Lundy, Mark E. Liang, Xinqiang van Groenigen, Kees Jan Lee, Juhwan van Gestel, Natasja Six, Johan Venterea, Rodney T. van Kessel, Chris TI When does no-till yield more? A global meta-analysis SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tillage; No-till duration; Residue; Crop rotation; Nitrogen; Aridity; Irrigation ID LONG-TERM TILLAGE; DEFINE CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE; ENHANCE CROP PRODUCTIVITY; SOIL PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; APPROPRIATE USE; 4TH PRINCIPLE; CORN YIELDS; SOUTH-ASIA AB No-till agriculture represents a relatively widely adopted management system that aims to reduce soil erosion, decrease input costs, and sustain long-term crop productivity. However, its impacts on crop yields are variable, and an improved understanding of the factors limiting productivity is needed to support evidence-based management decisions. We conducted a global meta-analysis to evaluate the influence of various crop and environmental variables on no-till relative to conventional tillage yields using data obtained from peer-reviewed publications (678 studies with 6005 paired observations, representing 50 crops and 63 countries). Side-by-side yield comparisons were restricted to studies comparing conventional tillage to no-till practices in the absence of other cropping system modifications. Crop category was the most important factor influencing the overall yield response to no-till followed by aridity index, residue management, no-till duration, and N rate. No-till yields matched conventional tillage yields for oilseed, cotton, and legume crop categories. Among cereals, the negative impacts of no-till were smallest for wheat (-2.6%) and largest for rice (-7.5%) and maize (-7.6%). No-till performed best under rainfed conditions in dry climates, with yields often being equal to or higher than conventional tillage practices. Yields in the first 1-2 years following no-till implementation declined for all crops except oilseeds and cotton, but matched conventional tillage yields after 3-10 years except for maize and wheat in humid climates. Overall, no-till yields were reduced by 12% without N fertilizer addition and 4% with inorganic N addition. Our study highlights factors contributing to and/or decreasing no-till yield gaps and suggests that improved targeting and adaptation, possibly including additional system modifications, are necessary to optimize no-till performance and contribute to food production goals. In addition, our results provide a basis for conducting trade-off analyses to support the development of no-till crop management and international development strategies based on available scientific evidence. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pittelkow, Cameron M.; Linquist, Bruce A.; Lundy, Mark E.; van Kessel, Chris] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Liang, Xinqiang] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Environm & Resource Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [van Groenigen, Kees Jan; van Gestel, Natasja] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Lee, Juhwan; Six, Johan] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Environm Syst Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Venterea, Rodney T.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Venterea, Rodney T.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Pittelkow, CM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM cmpitt@illinois.edu OI , Juhwan/0000-0002-7967-2955; van groenigen, kees jan/0000-0002-9165-3925 FU National Key Science and Technology Project of China [2014ZX07101-012]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program [DE-SC-0010632] FX We are grateful to the National Key Science and Technology Project of China for supporting X.Q.L. with grant No. 2014ZX07101-012. Natasja van Gestel and Kees Jan van Groenigen received financial support from U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, under Award Number DE-SC-0010632. NR 63 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 39 U2 147 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 EI 1872-6852 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 183 BP 156 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2015.07.020 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CS5QS UT WOS:000362133600017 ER PT J AU Lundy, ME Pittelkow, CM Linquist, BA Liang, XQ van Groenigen, KJ Lee, J Six, J Venterea, RT van Kessel, C AF Lundy, Mark E. Pittelkow, Cameron M. Linquist, Bruce A. Liang, Xinqiang van Groenigen, Kees Jan Lee, Juhwan Six, Johan Venterea, Rodney T. van Kessel, Chris TI Nitrogen fertilization reduces yield declines following no-till adoption SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tillage; Nitrogen fertilizer; No-till duration; Residue; Rotation; Tropical/subtropical; Temperate; Meta-analysis ID DEFINE CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE; ENHANCE CROP PRODUCTIVITY; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; APPROPRIATE USE; 4TH PRINCIPLE; SOIL-EROSION; LONG-TERM; MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE; SYSTEMS AB Conservation agriculture (CA) has been promoted as a method of sustainable intensification and climate change mitigation and is being widely practiced and implemented globally. However, no-till (NT), a fundamental component of CA, has been shown to reduce yields in many cases. In order to maintain yields following adoption of CA, it has been recently suggested that fertilizer application should be an integral component of CA. To determine the contribution of nitrogen (N) fertilizer in minimizing yield declines following NT implementation, we assessed 2759 paired comparisons of NT and conventional tillage (CT) systems from 325 studies reported in the peer-reviewed literature between 1980 and 2013. Overall, we found that NT yields decreased -10.7% (-14.8% to -6.5%) and -3.7% (-5.3% to -2.2%) relative to CT in tropical/subtropical and temperate regions, respectively. Among management and environmental variables that included: the rate of N fertilization; the duration of the NT/CT comparison; residue, rotation, and irrigation practices; the crop type; and the site aridity, N rate was the most important explanatory variable for NT yield declines in tropical/subtropical regions. In temperate regions, N fertilization rates were relatively less important. NT yield declines were most consistently observed at low rates of N fertilization during the first 2 years of NT adoption in tropical/subtropical regions. Applications of N fertilizer at rates of up to 85 12 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) significantly reduced NT yield declines in these scenarios. While this result should not be viewed as a rate recommendation, it does suggest that farmers applying rates of N fertilizer that are low for their specific system will, on average, see higher NT yields if they increase application rates. In addition, when crop rotation was not practiced or residues were removed from the field, NT yield declines were magnified by low rates of N fertilization in tropical/subtropical regions. These results, based on a global data set and across a broad range of crops, highlight the importance of N fertilization in counteracting yield declines in NT systems, particularly in tropical/subtropical regions. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lundy, Mark E.; Linquist, Bruce A.; van Kessel, Chris] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lundy, Mark E.] Univ Calif, Div Agr & Nat Resources, Oakland, CA USA. [Pittelkow, Cameron M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Liang, Xinqiang] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Environm & Resource Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [van Groenigen, Kees Jan] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Lee, Juhwan; Six, Johan] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Environm Syst Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Venterea, Rodney T.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Venterea, Rodney T.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Lundy, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM melundy@ucdavis.edu OI , Juhwan/0000-0002-7967-2955; van groenigen, kees jan/0000-0002-9165-3925 FU National Key Science and Technology Project of China [2014ZX07101-012]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program [DE-SC-008260] FX We are grateful to the National Key Science and Technology Project of China for supporting X.Q.L. with grant No. 2014ZX07101-012. Additionally, K.J.v.G. received financial support from U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, under Award Number DE-SC-008260. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 12 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 EI 1872-6852 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 183 BP 204 EP 210 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2015.07.023 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CS5QS UT WOS:000362133600020 ER PT J AU Conaty, WC Mahan, JR Neilsen, JE Tan, DKY Yeates, SJ Sutton, BG AF Conaty, Warren C. Mahan, James R. Neilsen, James E. Tan, Daniel K. Y. Yeates, Stephen J. Sutton, Bruce G. TI The relationship between cotton canopy temperature and yield, fibre quality and water-use efficiency SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Canopy temperature; Surface drip irrigation; Furrow irrigation; Gossypium hirsutum; Yield; Fibre quality ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L; IRRIGATED COTTON; LINT YIELD; GROWTH; STRESS; BOLL; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; VERTISOL; NITROGEN; BEHAVIOR AB Crop canopy temperature (T-c) is associated with transpiration and T-c has been used in crop water stress detection. This study investigates the effect of surface drip and furrow irrigation regimes on cotton T-c. It outlines the relationship between T-c and lint yield, fibre quality and both agronomic (WUEa, kg ha(-1) mm(-1) total applied water) and leaf level water-use efficiency (WUEl, mu mol[CO2] mmol[H2O](-1)) in a high input, high yielding (>1800 kg ha(-1)) cotton system. Canopy temperature between flowering and crop maturity was monitored. Yield reductions occurred when T-c, exceeded 28 degrees C. Reductions in fibre length outside the ideal range (>28.6 mm) occurred when T-c exceeded 31 degrees C, while desirable micronaire (3.8-4.5) was observed at T-c between 25 and 32 degrees C. Desirable fibre quality and peak lint yield can be realised if an irrigation scheduling protocol maintains average canopy temperatures below 28 degrees C. However, maximum WUEa was observed at a higher average T-c, (30 degrees C) than peak lint yield (28 degrees C), which would correspond to a predicted 23% reduction in lint yield from the peak (3030 kg ha(-1)). Therefore, the trade-off between peak yield and WUEa needs to be considered in conjunction with irrigation water costs and availability when scheduling irrigations based on canopy temperature. Crown Copyright (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Conaty, Warren C.; Neilsen, James E.; Yeates, Stephen J.] CSIRO Agr, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia. [Mahan, James R.] USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Conaty, Warren C.; Tan, Daniel K. Y.; Sutton, Bruce G.] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr & Environm, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Neilsen, James E.] Monsanto Singapore Co Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore. RP Conaty, WC (reprint author), CSIRO Agr, Locked Bag 59, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia. EM warren.conaty@csiro.au; james.mahan@ars.usda.gov; james.eric.neilsen@monsanto.com; daniel.tan@sydney.edu.au; stephen.yeates@csiro.au; bruce.sutton@sydney.edu.au RI Tan, Daniel/E-4589-2012 OI Tan, Daniel/0000-0003-0449-4557 FU Cotton Catchment Communities Cooperative Research Centre; Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures; University of Sydney; CSIRO Plant Industry FX This study was funded by the Cotton Catchment Communities Cooperative Research Centre and the Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures, with further support from the University of Sydney and CSIRO Plant Industry. Thanks to Merry Conaty, Nicola Cottee, Jo Price, Jenny Roberts, Jono Cuell, Mitch Cuell, Martyn Tann, and Megan Smith in Narrabri for technical assistance. Special thanks to Andrew Young in Lubbock for data sorting and Kellie Cooper for fibre quality analysis. Further thanks to Greg Constable, Mick Bange, Nicola Cottee and Merry Conaty for advice and reviewing the manuscript, as well as those who reviewed this manuscript for publication. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 EI 1872-6852 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 183 BP 329 EP 341 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2015.08.010 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CS5QS UT WOS:000362133600032 ER PT J AU Lindholm-Perry, AK Kern, RJ Kuehn, LA Snelling, WM Miles, JR Oliver, WT Freetly, HC AF Lindholm-Perry, A. K. Kern, R. J. Kuehn, L. A. Snelling, W. M. Miles, J. R. Oliver, W. T. Freetly, H. C. TI Differences in transcript abundance of genes on BTA15 located within a region associated with gain in beef steers SO GENE LA English DT Article DE Gene expression; Ileum; PGAP2; RHOG; Rumen; STIM1 ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; RESIDUAL FEED-INTAKE; ANGUS CATTLE; GROWTH; TRAITS; EXPRESSION; EFFICIENCY; QUANTIFICATION; ACTIVATION; MUTATIONS AB Using results from a previous GWAS, we chose to evaluate seven genes located within a 229 Kb region on BTA15 for variation in RNA transcript abundance in a library of tissue samples that included adipose, liver, rumen papillae, spleen, muscle, and small intestine epithelial layers from the duodenum, ileum and jejunum collected from steers (n = 14) with positive and negative residual GN near mean dry matter intake (DMI). The genes evaluated were two olfactory receptor-like genes (LOC525033 and LOC618173), RRM1, STIM1, RHOG, PGAP2, and NUP98. The rumen papillae transcript abundance of RHOG was positively correlated with residual GN (P = 0.02) and ruminal STIM1 exhibited a trend towards an association with residual GN (P = 0.08). The transcript abundance of one olfactory receptor (LOC618173) in the ileum was also positively associated with residual GN (P = 0.02) and PGAP2 and LOC525033 in the ileum displayed trends for association with GN (P <= 0.1). To further evaluate the differential expression detected in the ileum and rumen of these animals, the transcript abundance of STIM1 and RHOG in the rumen and of PGAP2 and the olfactory receptors in the ileum were assessed in an additional group of 32 animals with divergent average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) collected over two groups. The olfactory receptor, LOC525033, was not expressed in the ileum for the majority of these animals. Only RHOG showed a slight, but non-significant trend towards greater expression in animals with greater gain. We have detected differences in the transcript abundance of genes within this region in the rumen and ileum of animals selected for greater and less residual gain; however, we were unable to validate the expression of these genes in the larger group of cattle possibly due to the differences in phenotype or contemporary group. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lindholm-Perry, A. K.; Kern, R. J.; Kuehn, L. A.; Snelling, W. M.; Miles, J. R.; Oliver, W. T.; Freetly, H. C.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Lindholm-Perry, AK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Amanda.Lindholm@ars.usda.gov; Rebecca.Kern@ars.usda.gov; Larry.Kuehn@ars.usda.gov; Warren.Snelling@ars.usda.gov; Jeremy.Miles@ars.usda.gov; William.Oliver@ars.usda.gov; Harvey.Freetly@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 EI 1879-0038 J9 GENE JI Gene PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 572 IS 1 BP 42 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.076 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CS2TW UT WOS:000361925900006 PM 26143118 ER PT J AU Rahmani, MS Shabanian, N Khadivi-Khub, A Woeste, KE Badakhshan, H Alikhani, L AF Rahmani, Mohammad-Shafie Shabanian, Naghi Khadivi-Khub, Abdollah Woeste, Keith E. Badakhshan, Hedieh Alikhani, Leila TI Population structure and genotypic variation of Crataegus pontica inferred by molecular markers SO GENE LA English DT Article DE Forest genetics; Genetic diversity; Crataegus; Molecular polymorphism; Germplasm conservation; Population variability ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; POLYMORPHIC DNA; ISSR; IRAP; CONSERVATION; INFERENCE; SOFTWARE; PRIMERS AB Information about the natural patterns of genetic variability and their evolutionary bases are of fundamental practical importance for sustainable forest management and conservation. In the present study, the genetic diversity of 164 individuals from fourteen natural populations of Crataegus pontica K.Koch was assessed for the first time using three genome-based molecular techniques; inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP); inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism. IRAP, ISSR and SCoT analyses yielded 126, 254 and 199 scorable amplified bands, respectively, of which 90.48, 93.37 and 83.78% were polymorphic. ISSR revealed efficiency over IRAP and SCoT due to high effective multiplex ratio, marker index and resolving power. The dendrograms based on the markers used and combined data divided individuals into three major clusters. The correlation between the coefficient matrices for the IRAP, ISSR and SCoT data was significant. A higher level of genetic variation was observed within populations than among populations based on the markers used. The lower divergence levels depicted among the studied populations could be seen as evidence of gene flow. The promotion of gene exchange will be very beneficial to conserve and utilize the enormous genetic variability. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rahmani, Mohammad-Shafie; Shabanian, Naghi; Alikhani, Leila] Univ Kurdistan, Fac Nat Resources, Dept Forestry, Lab Forest Tree Biol & Biotechnol, Sanandaj 6617715175, Iran. [Rahmani, Mohammad-Shafie; Shabanian, Naghi] Univ Kurdistan, Ctr Res & Dev North Zagros Forests, Baneh 6691914919, Kurdistan, Iran. [Khadivi-Khub, Abdollah] Arak Univ, Fac Agr & Nat Resources, Dept Hort Sci, Arak 3815688349, Iran. [Woeste, Keith E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, USDA Forest Serv, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Badakhshan, Hedieh] Univ Kurdistan, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Breeding, Sanandaj 6617715175, Iran. RP Rahmani, MS (reprint author), Univ Kurdistan, Fac Nat Resources, Dept Forestry, Lab Forest Tree Biol & Biotechnol, Khanagah Campus, Sanandaj 6617715175, Iran. EM m.rahmani@uok.ac.ir; a-khadivi@araku.ac.ir OI Khadivi-Khub, Abdollah/0000-0001-6354-445X NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 EI 1879-0038 J9 GENE JI Gene PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 572 IS 1 BP 123 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.gene.2015.07.001 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CS2TW UT WOS:000361925900017 PM 26143753 ER PT J AU Bennett, SJ Ghaneeizad, SM Gallisdorfer, MS Cai, DH Atkinson, JF Simon, A Langendoen, EJ AF Bennett, Sean J. Ghaneeizad, S. Mohammad Gallisdorfer, Michael S. Cai, Donghua Atkinson, Joseph F. Simon, Andrew Langendoen, Eddy J. TI Flow, turbulence, and drag associated with engineered log jams in a fixed-bed experimental channel SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Engineered log jams; Drag force; Physical model; River restoration ID LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; DOPPLER-VELOCIMETER DATA; SAND-BED; AGRICULTURAL STREAMS; SHEAR-STRESS; RIVER; REHABILITATION; REINTRODUCTION; HYDRAULICS; MANAGEMENT AB Engineered log jams (ELJs) have become attractive alternatives for river restoration and bank stabilization programs. Yet the effects of ELJs on turbulent flow and the fluid forces acting on the ELJs are not well known, and such information could inform design criteria. In this study, a fixed-bed physical model was constructed to assess the introduction of ELJs along the Big Sioux River, SD. Two ELJ types were examined, referred to as ELJ-1 and ELJ-2. Both types were deflector jams, where ELJ-1 was rectangular and ELJ-2 was triangular, and oriented with one side attached to the channel bank. They were deployed either as single structures or in groups of two or three on the same side of the channel and at different separation distances. Results show that (1) time-mean and turbulent velocities and bed shear stresses were measurably altered near the ELJ, but spatially averaged flow just upstream and downstream of the structure was unaffected; (2) streamwise drag forces measured for the ELJs were significantly larger than the transverse forces, and the derived drag coefficients for the single structures were 2.72 +/- 0.19 for ELJ-1 and 1.60 +/- 0.37 for ELJ-2; and (3) the presence of an upstream structure created a near-bank wake region that extended a distance of more than 30 flow depths downstream, which greatly reduced drag forces and drag coefficients observed for the downstream structure by as much as 80%. These observations are further evidence of the efficacy of ELJs in providing near-structure scour pool development and bank protection downstream, and they can be used to inform and assess the design of ELJs for use in river restoration and bank stabilization projects. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bennett, Sean J.; Gallisdorfer, Michael S.; Cai, Donghua] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA. [Ghaneeizad, S. Mohammad; Atkinson, Joseph F.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Civil Struct & Environm Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Simon, Andrew] CardnoENTRIX, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Langendoen, Eddy J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Bennett, SJ (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA. EM seanb@buffalo.edu FU City of Sioux Falls, SD; USDA-ARS [58-6408-9-346] FX We thank Kevin Cullinan, Tom Gruenauer, and Tim Martz for technical assistance during the construction of the flume; Sol Brich for providing much of the background information on the Big Sioux River; and Andrew Brooks for information on engineered log jams. This research was financially supported by the City of Sioux Falls, SD, and the USDA-ARS (Specific Research Agreement No. 58-6408-9-346). We thank the four anonymous referees and Richard Marston who provided many helpful suggestions on ways to improve the manuscript. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 248 BP 172 EP 184 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.07.046 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CS1ZP UT WOS:000361867900014 ER PT J AU Safran, EB O'Connor, JE Ely, LL House, PK Grant, G Harrity, K Croall, K Jones, E AF Safran, E. B. O'Connor, J. E. Ely, L. L. House, P. K. Grant, G. Harrity, K. Croall, K. Jones, E. TI Plugs or flood-makers? The unstable landslide dams of eastern Oregon SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Landslides; Landslide dams; Mass movements; Eastern Oregon; Geomorphology ID ROCK-SLOPE FAILURES; NEW-ZEALAND; KARAKORAM HIMALAYA; OWYHEE RIVER; EVOLUTION; LANDSCAPES; MIOCENE; IDAHO; LAKES AB Landslides into valley bottoms can affect longitudinal profiles of rivers, thereby influencing landscape evolution through base-level changes. Large landslides can hinder river incision by temporarily damming rivers, but catastrophic failure of landslide dams may generate large floods that could promote incision. Dam stability therefore strongly modulates the effects of landslide dams and might be expected to vary among geologic settings. Here, we investigate the morphometry, stability, and effects on adjacent channel profiles of 17 former and current landslide dams in eastern Oregon. Data on landslide dam dimensions, former impoundment size, and longitudinal profile form were obtained from digital elevation data constrained by field observations and aerial imagery; while evidence for catastrophic dam breaching was assessed in the field. The dry, primarily extensional terrain of low-gradient volcanic tablelands and basins contrasts with the tectonically active, mountainous landscapes more commonly associated with large landslides. All but one of the eastern Oregon landslide dams are ancient (likely of order 103 to 104 years old), and all but one has been breached. The portions of the Oregon landslide dams blocking channels are small relative to the area of their source landslide complexes (0.4-33.6 km(2)). The multi-pronged landslides in eastern Oregon produce marginally smaller volume darns but affect much larger channels and impound more water than do landslide dams in mountainous settings. As a result, at least 14 of the 17 (82%) large landslide dams in our study area appear to have failed cataclysmically, producing large downstream floods now marked by boulder outwash, compared to a 40-70% failure rate for landslide dams in steep mountain environments. Morphometric indices of landslide dam stability calibrated in other environments were applied to the Oregon dams. Threshold values of the Blockage and Dimensionless Blockage Indices calibrated to worldwide data sets successfully separate dam sites in eastern Oregon that failed catastrophically from those that did not. Accumulated sediments upstream of about 50% of the dam sites indicate at least short-term persistence of landslide dams prior to eventual failure. Nevertheless, only three landslide dam remnants and one extant dam significantly elevate the modern river profile. We conclude that eastern Oregon's landslide dams are indeed floodmakers, but we lack clear evidence that they form lasting plugs. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Safran, E. B.] Lewis & Clark Coll, Environm Studies Program, Portland, OR 97219 USA. [O'Connor, J. E.] US Geol Survey, Geol Minerals Energy & Geophys Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Ely, L. L.] Cent Washington Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Ellensburg, WA 98926 USA. [House, P. K.] US Geol Survey, Geol Minerals Energy & Geophys Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Grant, G.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Harrity, K.; Croall, K.; Jones, E.] Lewis & Clark Coll, Portland, OR 97219 USA. RP Safran, EB (reprint author), Lewis & Clark Coll, Environm Studies Program, MSC 55,0615 SW Palatine Hill Rd, Portland, OR 97219 USA. EM safran@lclark.edu FU Geological Society of America's Gladys Cole Award; National Science Foundation [EAR-617347]; John S. Rogers Summer Internship Program at Lewis Clark College; NCALM seed grant FX This work was funded by the Geological Society of America's Gladys Cole Award; National Science Foundation grant EAR-617347; and the John S. Rogers Summer Internship Program at Lewis & Clark College. Owyhee River lidar topographic data were obtained through the National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM); acquisition was partially funded by an NCALM seed grant. Funding sources had no role in study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing of this manuscript; or the decision to submit this work for publication. Dylan Peden and Chris Scheffler provided field assistance. JoJo Mangano and Miranda Wood facilitated stream profile extraction from lidar and USGS topographic quads. The Bureau of Land Management and local landowners granted access and logistical assistance. We thank Oliver Korup and Richard Marston for the time and effort they devoted in helping us improve this manuscript for publication. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 248 BP 237 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.06.040 PG 15 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CS1ZP UT WOS:000361867900018 ER PT J AU Ruiz-Aguilar, GML Lovanh, N Camarena-Aguilar, EA Gomez-Luna, BE Molina-Ochoa, J Alvarez-Villafana, VJ Sosa, O AF Ruiz-Aguilar, G. M. L. Lovanh, N. Camarena-Aguilar, E. A. Gomez-Luna, B. E. Molina-Ochoa, J. Alvarez-Villafana, V. J. Sosa, O. TI The effect of electron acceptors on biogas production from tannery sludge of a Mexican wastewater plant SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anaerobic; Energy; Methane; Nutrient; Nitrogen ID ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; DAIRY MANURE; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; SEPARATION; SOLIDS AB Effluents from the leather processing generally are discharged into rivers or are used to irrigate farmland. The biogas production from the digestion of sludge produced could be used as alternative sources for energy and power generation. A study was carried out to examine the effects of various electron acceptor amendments on biogas production from Mexican tannery sludge. Two bench scale experiments were performed: The first experiment used different electron acceptors (nitrate, iron and sulfate) and three different levels for each variable (4.5, 9.0 and 13.5 mg/mL); in the second only urea was used as a nitrogen source with three carbon/nitrogen ratios (6.0, 8.0 and 11). It was found that the reactors with nitrate as electron acceptor (4.5 mg/mL) generated the most biogas (200 mL of biogas accumulated in 25 days). Similarly, the reactors with the lower ratio of carbon/nitrogen (6.0) produced larger biogas production (131.50 +/- A 19.1 mL of biogas) in a shorter period of time (9 days). The results also showed that the addition of glucose did not significantly influence the production of biogas. C1 [Ruiz-Aguilar, G. M. L.; Alvarez-Villafana, V. J.] Univ Guanajuato, Dept Ciencias Ambient, Div Ciencias Vida, Irapuato 36500, Gto, Mexico. [Lovanh, N.] ARS, USDA, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. [Camarena-Aguilar, E. A.] Univ Guanajuato, Dept Alimentos, Div Ciencias Vida, Irapuato 36500, Gto, Mexico. [Gomez-Luna, B. E.] Univ Guanajuato, Dept Ingn Agroind, Div Ciencias Salud & Ingn, Salvatierra 39800, Gto, Mexico. [Molina-Ochoa, J.] Univ Colima, Fac Ciencias Biol & Agropecuarias, Tecoman 28100, Col, Mexico. RP Ruiz-Aguilar, GML (reprint author), Univ Guanajuato, Dept Ciencias Ambient, Div Ciencias Vida, Campus Irapuato Salamanca, Irapuato 36500, Gto, Mexico. EM g.ruiz.aguilar@gmail.com NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1735-1472 EI 1735-2630 J9 INT J ENVIRON SCI TE JI Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 12 IS 11 BP 3479 EP 3488 DI 10.1007/s13762-015-0781-6 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CS7AO UT WOS:000362236100008 ER PT J AU Pittman, SE Muthukrishnan, R West, NM Davis, AS Jordan, NR Forester, JD AF Pittman, Shannon E. Muthukrishnan, Ranjan West, Natalie M. Davis, Adam S. Jordan, Nicholas R. Forester, James D. TI Mitigating the potential for invasive spread of the exotic biofuel crop, Miscanthus x giganteus SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Bioenergy; Buffer zones; Integrodifference equation; Landscape configuration ID UNITED-STATES; FRACTAL LANDSCAPES; BIOENERGY CROP; MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PLANT INVASIONS; ECONOMIC COSTS; DISPERSAL; SINENSIS; THRESHOLDS AB Although herbaceous perennial crops are becoming a larger component of bioenergy production both in the United States and worldwide, there is growing concern that these crops pose a substantial risk of biological invasion. Miscanthus x giganteus, a sterile hybrid native to Asia, is considered an ideal biofuel crop for lands that are poorly suited for annual food crops and is currently being tested by growers. A fertile variety of M. x giganteus was developed by seed and energy companies in an effort to decrease the costs associated with planting rhizomes. No regulations have been established to manage the risk of invasion by the fertile variety. Because bioenergy production is expanding rapidly, and the few studies to quantify invasion risks in this species have addressed small spatial scales, we used a modeling approach to explore a broader domain of invasion scenarios at landscape scales. We implemented a spatially-explicit population model of fertile M. x giganteus to determine the efficacy of proposed management strategies in limiting or slowing the spread of this species. We found that fertile M. x giganteus may spread rapidly outside of field margins, and the ability of localized management strategies to curtail spread was highly sensitive to M. x giganteus first year survival and the amount of suitable habitat within the larger landscape. Commercialization of novel "bioeconomy crops", such as fertile M. x giganteus, could increase both production and resource conservation in agriculture; however, these crops may also produce ecosystem "disservices" such as biological invasion and accompanying risks to native species. Landscape-scale modeling that allows for rapid testing of the interactions between new crop genotypes and landscape configurations will be a powerful tool for exploring the ecological risks posed by new bioeconomy crops. C1 [Pittman, Shannon E.] Davidson Coll, Dept Biol, Davidson, NC 28035 USA. [Pittman, Shannon E.; Muthukrishnan, Ranjan; Forester, James D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [West, Natalie M.; Davis, Adam S.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Jordan, Nicholas R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Pittman, SE (reprint author), Davidson Coll, Dept Biol, 209 Ridge Rd, Davidson, NC 28035 USA. EM shpittman@davidson.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA); Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) [2011-04268]; USDA-ARS; University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute FX We thank our funding sources: United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Project 2011-04268 and USDA-ARS. We are grateful to the University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute for partial support of this work. NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD NOV PY 2015 VL 17 IS 11 BP 3247 EP 3261 DI 10.1007/s10530-015-0950-z PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CS1BQ UT WOS:000361797900015 ER PT J AU Choate, BA Lundgren, JG AF Choate, Beth A. Lundgren, Jonathan G. TI Invertebrate communities in spring wheat and the identification of cereal aphid predators through molecular gut content analysis SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Wheat; Cereal aphids; Rhopalosiphum padi; Gut content analysis; Bioinventory ID YELLOW-DWARF-VIRUS; NATURAL ENEMIES; SOUTH-DAKOTA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; WINTER-WHEAT; GENERALIST PREDATORS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; HOMOPTERA; DENSITY; YIELD AB Cereal aphid complexes are responsible for reducing spring wheat production worldwide. Generalist predators may contribute to reducing cereal aphid numbers and preventing significant damage to crops. A two-year survey identifying the arthropod community on wheat vegetation, at the soil surface and within the soil of wheat fields was conducted to better guide conservation efforts. The arthropod complex in wheat was diverse with 103 taxa identified. The soil-dwelling arthropod community had the greatest abundance and diversity when compared with the foliar-dwelling community. Sentinel Rho-palosiphum padi L (bird cherry-oat aphid, BCOA) were placed on wheat plants and predator gut-content analysis employed to identify specific species actively consuming cereal aphids. Twenty five percent of collected predators tested positive for R. padi DNA in their guts. The diverse and abundant predatory arthropod community reduced cereal aphid numbers, which remained at low densities throughout the duration of the study. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Choate, Beth A.; Lundgren, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Choate, BA (reprint author), Allegheny Coll, Dept Environm Sci, 520 N Main St, Meadville, PA 16335 USA. EM bchoate@allegheny.edu FU Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund; BARD [US-4318-10R]; United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX We would like to thank Janet Fergen, Mike Bredeson, Ryan Schmidt, Mallory Thompson, Ashton Hansen and Megan Wentzel for their assistance in caring for aphid resources and the execution of the field experiments described above. This work was supported by the Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This research was supported by Research Grant Award No US-4318-10R from BARD, the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 77 BP 110 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2015.07.021 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CR8CY UT WOS:000361579900014 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Benecke, CA Samuelson, LJ Martin, TA Cropper, WP Johnsen, KH Stokes, TA Butnor, JR Anderson, PH AF Gonzalez-Benecke, C. A. Samuelson, L. J. Martin, T. A. Cropper, W. P., Jr. Johnsen, K. H. Stokes, T. A. Butnor, J. R. Anderson, P. H. TI Modeling the effects of forest management on in situ and ex situ longleaf pine forest carbon stocks SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Pinus palustris plantations; Silviculture; Biomass; Prescribed burning; Carbon stock modeling ID MIXED HARDWOOD FOREST; SLASH PINE; PRESCRIBED FIRE; UNITED-STATES; LOBLOLLY-PINE; GROWING SEASONS; COASTAL-PLAIN; NORTH FLORIDA; PALUSTRIS; PLANTATIONS AB Assessment of forest carbon storage dynamics requires a variety of techniques including simulation models. We developed a hybrid model to assess the effects of silvicultural management systems on carbon (C) budgets in longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) plantations in the southeastern U.S. To simulate in situ C pools, the model integrates a growth and yield model with species-specific allometric and biometric equations and explicitly accounts for the impacts of both thinning and prescribed fire. To estimate the ex situ C pool, the model used the outputs of merchantable products from the growth and yield model with current values of forest product conversion efficiencies and forest product decay rates. The model also accounts for C emissions due to transportation and silvicultural activities. Site productivity (site quality) was the major factor controlling stand C density followed by rotation length. Thinning reduced C sequestration, as the slow growth rate of longleaf pine reduced the potential of C sequestration in forest products. Prescribed burning reduced average C stock by about 16-19%, with the majority of the reduction in the forest floor. In a comparison of longleaf pine C dynamics with slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), both species reached a similar average C stock at age 75 years, but when averaged across the whole rotation, slash pine sequestered more C. Nevertheless, for medium quality sites, C sequestration was similar between thinned 75-year rotation longleaf pine and unthinned 25-year rotation slash pine. This longleaf pine plantation C sequestration model, based on empirical and biological relationships, provides an important new tool for developing testable research hypotheses, estimating C stocks for regional assessments or C credit verification, and for guiding future longleaf pine management. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gonzalez-Benecke, C. A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Samuelson, L. J.; Stokes, T. A.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Martin, T. A.; Cropper, W. P., Jr.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Johnsen, K. H.; Anderson, P. H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Butnor, J. R.] Univ Vermont, US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Gonzalez-Benecke, CA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, 280 Peavy Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM cgonzabe@ufl.edu RI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/E-5952-2010; Butnor, John/P-9738-2016; OI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/0000-0001-7851-7382; Martin, Timothy/0000-0002-7872-4194 FU U.S. Department of Defense through the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP); USDA Forest Service [11330123-147] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) and the USDA Forest Service Grant No. 11330123-147. NR 75 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 355 SI SI BP 24 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.02.029 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS1YL UT WOS:000361864700004 ER PT J AU Tian, SY Youssef, MA Sun, G Chescheir, GM Noormets, A Amatya, DM Skaggs, RW King, JS McNulty, S Gavazzi, M Miao, GF Domec, JC AF Tian, Shiying Youssef, Mohamed A. Sun, Ge Chescheir, George M. Noormets, Asko Amatya, Devendra M. Skaggs, R. Wayne King, John S. McNulty, Steve Gavazzi, Michael Miao, Guofang Domec, Jean-Christophe TI Testing DRAINMOD-FOREST for predicting evapotranspiration in a mid-rotation pine plantation SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE DRAINMOD-FOREST; Evapotranspiration; Ecosystem modeling; Hydrological modeling ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE; LAND-SURFACE MODELS; EDDY-COVARIANCE; WAVELET COHERENCE; POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; HYDRAULIC REDISTRIBUTION; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; MULTISCALE ANALYSIS AB Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key component of the hydrologic cycle in terrestrial ecosystems and accurate description of ET processes is essential for developing reliable ecohydrological models. This study investigated the accuracy of ET prediction by the DRAINMOD-FOREST after its calibration/validation for predicting commonly measured hydrological variables. The model was tested by conducting an eight year simulation of drainage and shallow groundwater dynamics in a managed mid-rotation loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation located in the coastal plain of North Carolina, USA. Modeled daily ET rates were compared to those measured in the field using the eddy covariance technique. In addition, the wavelet transform and coherence analysis were used to compare ET predictions and measurements on the time-frequency domain. Results showed that DRAINMOD-FOREST accurately predicted annual and monthly ET after a successful calibration and validation using measured drainage rates and water table depth. The model under predicted ET on an annual basis by 2%, while the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of model predictions on a monthly basis was 0.78. Results from wavelet transform and coherence analysis demonstrated that the model reasonably captured the high power spectra of ET at an annual scale with significantly high model-data coherency. These results suggested that the calibrated DRAINMOD-FOREST collectively captured key factors and mechanisms controlling ET dynamics in the drained pine plantation. However, the global power spectrum revealed that the model over predicted the power spectrum of Er at an annual scale, suggesting the model may have under predicted canopy conductance during non-growing seasons. In addition, this study also suggested that DRAINMOD-FOREST did not properly capture the seasonal dynamics of ET under extreme drought conditions with deeper water table depths. These results suggested further refinement to parameters, particularly vegetation related, and structures of DRAINMOD-FOREST to achieve better agreement between ET predictions and measurements in the time-frequency domain. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tian, Shiying; Youssef, Mohamed A.; Chescheir, George M.; Skaggs, R. Wayne] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sun, Ge; McNulty, Steve; Gavazzi, Michael] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Noormets, Asko; King, John S.; Miao, Guofang; Domec, Jean-Christophe] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Amatya, Devendra M.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, USDA, Cordesville, SC USA. [Domec, Jean-Christophe] Bordeaux Sci AGRO, ISPA INRA UMR1391, F-33175 Gradignan, France. RP Tian, SY (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. OI Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111 FU Weyerhaeuser NR Company; Catchlight Energy, LLC, a Chevron \ Weyerhaeuser Joint Venture; U.S. DOE [DE-EE0004395]; DOE BER-TES [7090112, 11-DE-SC-0006700]; PINEMAP Project; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30185] FX Logistical and financial supports for this work were provided by Weyerhaeuser NR Company and Catchlight Energy, LLC, a Chevron vertical bar Weyerhaeuser Joint Venture. Additional research funds were provided by the U.S. DOE (Award Number: DE-EE0004395, Optimization of Southeastern Forest Biomass Crop Production: A Watershed Scale Evaluation of the Sustainability and Productivity of Dedicated Energy Crop and Woody Biomass Operations). AN, GM, JCD and JSK were supported by DOE BER-TES Awards Number 7090112 and 11-DE-SC-0006700, and the PINEMAP Project. The Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation Project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agricultural Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Award #2011-68002-30185. Thanks to Dr. Jami Nettle from Weyerhaeuser company for her grammatical review. NR 84 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 355 SI SI BP 37 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.03.028 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS1YL UT WOS:000361864700005 ER PT J AU Foote, JA Boutton, TW Scott, DA AF Foote, J. A. Boutton, T. W. Scott, D. A. TI Soil C and N storage and microbial biomass in US southern pine forests: Influence of forest management SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil microbial biomass; Soil organic carbon; Soil total nitrogen; Forest harvest; Long-term soil productivity experiment ID ORGANIC-MATTER REMOVAL; BOREAL ASPEN FOREST; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; VEGETATION CONTROL; FLOOR REMOVAL; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; TEMPERATE FORESTS; EXTRACTION METHOD; ROOT-GROWTH; CLEAR-CUT AB Land management practices have strong potential to modify the biogeochemistry of forest soils, with implications for the long-term sustainability and productivity of forestlands. The Long-Term Soil Productivity (LTSP) program, a network of 62 sites across the USA and Canada, was initiated to address concerns over possible losses of soil productivity due to soil disturbance from forest management. Network sites employ an experimental design consisting of three harvest intensities (bole only, whole tree, whole tree + forest floor removal) in combination with three soil compaction intensities (none, intermediate, severe). Our purpose was to determine the impact of forest harvest intensity, soil compaction, and their interaction on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) storage, and on soil microbial biomass C and N (MBC and MBN, respectively) in a Pinus taeda L forest 15-years post-treatment at the Groveton LTSP site in eastern Texas, USA Soils were sampled (0-10 cm) five times during 2011-2012, and we quantified SOC and TN by dry combustion, and MBC and MBN by chloroform fumigation extraction. SOC and TN were both higher in the bole only treatment compared to the more severe harvest treatments; however, while TN was significantly impacted by harvest and varied seasonally, SOC varied only with season. MBC and MBN were impacted by harvest intensity and varied seasonally, and SMB-N had a harvest by time interaction. Generally, both microbial indices decreased in the order: bole only >whole tree > whole tree + forest floor. Temporal variations in MBN and TN were correlated with temperature. Soil compaction and the harvest intensity x soil compaction interaction had no effect on the measured soil properties. Since N limits tree growth in forest ecosystems, and because soil microbial biomass plays a key role in N mineralization, data suggest that harvest practices that minimize removal of litter and slash will favor soil N retention, maintain the size of the soil microbial biomass pool, and maximize the potential productivity of future rotations. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Foote, J. A.; Boutton, T. W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Scott, D. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Agr Res Ctr, Normal, AL 35762 USA. RP Foote, JA (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Environm Sci Programs, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM julie.foote@utsa.edu; boutton@tamu.edu; andyscott@fs.fed.us RI Boutton, Thomas/C-5821-2016; OI Boutton, Thomas/0000-0002-7522-5728; Scott, D. Andrew/0000-0002-2592-1522 FU USDA Forest Service Southern Region; USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station; USDA/NIFA; Texas ARM University; Department of Ecosystem Science and Management FX This research was supported by the USDA Forest Service Southern Region and Southern Research Station and by USDA/NIFA Hatch funding. J.A. Foote was supported by the Texas ARM University Graduate Merit Fellowship, and by the McMillan-Ward Graduate Fellowship from the Department of Ecosystem Science and Management. Darrin Moore, Matthew Foote, and Stuart Foote assisted with field work. Darrin Moore, Ayumi Hyodo, and Ryan Mushinski assisted with laboratory analyses in the Stable Isotopes for Biosphere Sciences Laboratory. Rick Stagg and Kerry Hogg, USDA Forest Service, assisted with coordination of site access. Jason Vogel, Mark Tjoelker, and Frank Hons provided helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 90 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 15 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 355 SI SI BP 48 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.03.036 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS1YL UT WOS:000361864700006 ER PT J AU Domec, JC King, JS Ward, E Oishi, AC Palmroth, S Radecki, A Bell, DM Miao, GF Gavazzi, M Johnson, DM McNulty, SG Sun, G Noormets, A AF Domec, Jean-Christophe King, John S. Ward, Eric Oishi, A. Christopher Palmroth, Sari Radecki, Andrew Bell, Dave M. Miao, Guofang Gavazzi, Michael Johnson, Daniel M. McNulty, Steve G. Sun, Ge Noormets, Asko TI Conversion of natural forests to managed forest plantations decreases tree resistance to prolonged droughts SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Cavitation; Drought; Natural stands; Pine; Roots; Transpiration ID SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; LOBLOLLY-PINE PLANTATION; VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; SOIL-WATER; TEMPERATE FOREST; SAP FLUX; HYDRAULIC REDISTRIBUTION; DECIDUOUS FOREST; ATMOSPHERIC CO2 AB Throughout the southern US, past forest management practices have replaced large areas of native forests with loblolly pine plantations and have resulted in changes in forest response to extreme weather conditions. However, uncertainty remains about the response of planted versus natural species to drought across the geographical range of these forests. Taking advantage of a cluster of unmanaged stands (85-130 year-old hardwoods) and managed plantations (17-20 year-old loblolly pine) in coastal and Piedmont areas of North Carolina, tree water use, cavitation resistance, whole-tree hydraulic (K-tree) and stomatal (G(s)) conductances were measured in four sites covering representative forests growing in the region. We also used a hydraulic model to predict the resilience of those sites to extreme soil drying. Our objectives were to determine: (1) if K-tree and stomatal regulation in response to atmospheric and soil droughts differ between species and sites; (2) how ecosystem type, through tree water use, resistance to cavitation and rooting profiles, affects the water uptake limit that can be reached under drought; and (3) the influence of stand species composition on critical transpiration that sets a functional water uptake limit under drought conditions. The results show that across sites, water stress affected the coordination between K-tree and G(s). As soil water content dropped below 20% relative extractable water, K-tree declined faster and thus explained the decrease in G(s) and in its sensitivity to vapor pressure deficit. Compared to branches, the capability of roots to resist high xylem tension has a great impact on tree-level water use and ultimately had important implications for pine plantations resistance to future summer droughts. Model simulations revealed that the decline in K-tree due to xylem cavitation aggravated the effects of soil drying on tree transpiration. The critical transpiration rate (E-crit), which corresponds to the maximum rate at which transpiration begins to level off to prevent irreversible hydraulic failure, was higher in managed forest plantations than in their unmanaged counterparts. However, even with this higher E-crit, the pine plantations operated very close to their critical leaf water potentials (i.e. to their permissible water potentials without total hydraulic failure), suggesting that intensively managed plantations are more drought-sensitive and can withstand less severe drought than natural forests. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Domec, Jean-Christophe] Bordeaux Sci AGRO, UMR ISPA INRA 1391, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Domec, Jean-Christophe; King, John S.; Ward, Eric; Radecki, Andrew; Miao, Guofang; Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Oishi, A. Christopher] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Coweeta, NC 28763 USA. [Palmroth, Sari] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Bell, Dave M.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gavazzi, Michael; McNulty, Steve G.; Sun, Ge] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Johnson, Daniel M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Domec, JC (reprint author), Bordeaux Sci AGRO, UMR ISPA INRA 1391, 1 Cours Gen Gaulle, F-33175 Gradignan, France. EM jdomec@ncsu.edu RI Johnson, Daniel/E-6789-2011; Ward, Eric/D-7131-2017; OI Johnson, Daniel/0000-0001-5890-3147; Ward, Eric/0000-0002-5047-5464; Bell, David/0000-0002-2673-5836; Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111 FU DOE BER-TES [7090112, DE-FG02-11ER65189]; NSF IOS [1146746]; NSF EAR [1344703]; USDA-AFRI [2012-00857]; Pine Integrated Network; Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation Project (PINEMAP); USDA NIFA [2011-68002-30185, 2014-67003-22068]; USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center [08-JV-11330147] FX This work was supported by DOE BER-TES (#7090112 and DE-FG02-11ER65189). This work was also funded by NSF IOS (#1146746) and NSF EAR (#1344703), and a Grant from USDA-AFRI (#2012-00857). We also gratefully acknowledge financial support of this research the Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation Project (PINEMAP), which is funded by the USDA NIFA (#2011-68002-30185). Further support was provided by the USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center (# 08-JV-11330147), and USDA NIFA (#2014-67003-22068). The USFWS Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge provided the forested wetland research site, and in-kind support of field operations. NR 93 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 355 SI SI BP 58 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.04.012 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS1YL UT WOS:000361864700007 ER PT J AU Ward, EJ Domec, JC Laviner, MA Fox, TR Sun, G McNulty, S King, J Noormets, A AF Ward, Eric J. Domec, Jean-Christophe Laviner, Marshall A. Fox, Thomas R. Sun, Ge McNulty, Steve King, John Noormets, Asko TI Fertilization intensifies drought stress: Water use and stomatal conductance of Pinus taeda in a midrotation fertilization and throughfall reduction experiment SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fertilization; Drought; Gas exchange; Loblolly pine; Sap flux; Transpiration ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; SAP FLUX MEASUREMENTS; GROWN LOBLOLLY-PINE; LONG-TERM GROWTH; LEAF-AREA; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; SOIL-WATER; HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY AB While mid-rotation fertilization increases productivity in many southern pine forests, it remains unclear what impact such management may have on stand water use. We examined the impact of nutrient and water availability on stem volume, leaf area, transpiration per unit ground area (E-c and canopy conductance per unit leaf area (G(s)) of a pine plantation during its 8th and 9th growing seasons. Treatments consisted of a factorial combination of throughfall reduction (30% reduction in throughfall versus ambient) and fertilization (a complete suite of essential nutrients) beginning in April 2012. Overall, our results indicate that despite unusually high rainfall in the study period and a lack of leaf area index (LAI) response, both E-c and G(s) decreased in response to fertilization and throughfall reduction. Fertilization increased stem volume increment 21% in 2013. Treatment differences were greatest in the growing season of 2013, when E-c was on average 19%, 13% and 29% lower in the throughfall reduction (D), fertilization (F) and combined treatment (FD) than the control (C), respectively. The responses of G(s) to volumetric soil water content (VWC) indicate that lower E-c in F was associated with a decrease relative to C in G(s) at high VWC. Decreases of G(s) in D relative to C were associated with lower VWC, but little change in the response of G(s) to VWC. Decreases observed in FD resulted from a combination of these two factors. The pattern of G(s) responses in the different treatments suggests that structural or physiological changes underlie this fertilization response, possibly in fine root area or hydraulic conductivity. In the short term, this led to large increases in the water use efficiency of stem production, which could suggest greater resiliency to minor water stress. However, impacts on long-term sensitivity to drought remain a concern, as the E-c reduction triggered by the fertilization treatment was of comparable magnitude to the 30% throughfall exclusion treatment and the greatest reductions were found in the combined treatment. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ward, Eric J.; Domec, Jean-Christophe; King, John; Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Domec, Jean-Christophe] Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sci Agro, Gradignan, France. [Laviner, Marshall A.; Fox, Thomas R.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Sun, Ge; McNulty, Steve] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [McNulty, Steve] USDA, South East Reg Climate Hub, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Ward, EJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, 920 Main Campus Dr,Suite 300, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM ejward3@ncsu.edu RI Ward, Eric/D-7131-2017; OI Ward, Eric/0000-0002-5047-5464; Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30185] FX The Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agricultural Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Award #2011-68002-30185. NR 73 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 355 SI SI BP 72 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.04.009 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS1YL UT WOS:000361864700008 ER PT J AU Birdsey, R Pan, YD AF Birdsey, Richard Pan, Yude TI Trends in management of the world's forests and impacts on carbon stocks SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Forest management; Carbon cycle; Land-use change; Climate change ID LAND-COVER CHANGE; BIOMASS; ATTRIBUTION; DISTURBANCE; EMISSIONS; AREA; SINK; LAST AB Global forests are increasingly affected by land-use change, fragmentation, changing management objectives, and degradation. In this paper we broadly characterize trends in global forest area by intensity of management, and provide an overview of changes in global carbon stocks associated with managed forests. We discuss different interpretations of "management" and highlight some important accounting and analysis issues. The area of global forests has declined by 3% since 1990 but the area of planted forest has increased in all regions of the world and now accounts for almost 7% of global forest land. The area of primary forest, which is typically defined as lacking direct human influence, is about 34% of all forest land according to country reports, but the area is declining especially in South America and Africa because of human-caused habitat fragmentation and degradation. Concurrently, the area of naturally regenerated forest that is not classified as primary forest has declined. As a result of increasing management intensity, the area of unmanaged forest, typically defined as land lacking protected status or a management plan, dropped significantly since 1990 and now comprises only 21% of global forests. There have been significant increases in areas of forest used for non-wood forest products such as protection of soil and water, conservation of biodiversity, and provision of social services. Globally, timber production has been relatively stable since 1990, but increasing areas of forest used for non-wood forest products indicates that harvesting is taking place on a smaller proportion of the total forest area. Based on trends in the area of managed forest and regional studies, it is clear that historical and current forest management has been a very significant determining factor of current carbon stocks. Established forests currently offset about 30% of global emissions of CO2 from fossil fuel use, and there are mitigation opportunities involving forests that could increase the gross terrestrial C uptake from roughly 4.0 to 6.2 Pg C annually, However, our results suggest that a diversifying use of forest land may have significant consequences for maintaining or increasing the current rate of terrestrial carbon sequestration. In the future, indirect human influences such as increasing atmospheric CO2 and climate change, along with the direct effects of land management and projected increasing demand for wood biofuel, are likely to become increasingly important elements that influence land management strategies and the role of forests in the global carbon cycle. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Birdsey, Richard; Pan, Yude] US Forest Serv, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Birdsey, R (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 11 Campus Blvd,Suite 200, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM rbirdsey@fs.fed.us; ypan@fs.fed.us NR 45 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 18 U2 119 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 355 SI SI BP 83 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.04.031 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS1YL UT WOS:000361864700009 ER PT J AU Masek, JG Hayes, DJ Hughes, MJ Healey, SP Turner, DP AF Masek, Jeffrey G. Hayes, Daniel J. Hughes, M. Joseph Healey, Sean P. Turner, David P. TI The role of remote sensing in process-scaling studies of managed forest ecosystems SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Remote sensing; Forest ecology; Scaling ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; LANDSAT TIME-SERIES; PHOTOCHEMICAL REFLECTANCE INDEX; NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; LIGHT-USE EFFICIENCY; CARBON-CYCLE; BIOMASS ESTIMATION; GLOBAL VEGETATION; SATELLITE DATA; FIRE SEVERITY AB Sustaining forest resources requires a better understanding of forest ecosystem processes, and how management decisions and climate change may affect these processes in the future. While plot and inventory data provide our most detailed information on forest carbon, energy, and water cycling, applying this understanding to broader spatial and temporal domains requires scaling approaches. Remote sensing provides a powerful resource for "upscaling" process understanding to regional and continental domains. The increased range of available remote sensing modalities, including interferometric radar, lidar, and hyperspectral imagery, allows the retrieval of a broad range of forest attributes. This paper reviews the application of remote sensing for upscaling forest attributes from the plot scale to regional domains, with particular emphasis on how remote sensing products can support parameterization and validation of ecosystem process models. We focus on four key ecological attributes of forests: composition, structure, productivity and evapotranspiration, and disturbance dynamics. For each attribute, we discuss relevant remote sensing technologies, provide examples of their application, and critically evaluate both strengths and challenges associated with their use. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Masek, Jeffrey G.] NASA, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Hayes, Daniel J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hayes, Daniel J.; Hughes, M. Joseph] Univ Tenn, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN USA. [Healey, Sean P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT USA. [Turner, David P.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Masek, JG (reprint author), NASA, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 618, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. EM Jeffrey.G.Masek@nasa.gov RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012 FU NASA; US Forest Service FX This work was supported by the NASA Terrestrial Ecosystems program and the US Forest Service. Dr. Bruce Cook (NASA GSFC) is thanked for providing the G-LiHT lidar example. The authors thank two anonymous reviewers and the editors for their constructive comments on the original version of the manuscript. NR 208 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 20 U2 93 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 355 SI SI BP 109 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.05.032 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS1YL UT WOS:000361864700012 ER PT J AU Noormets, A Epron, D Domec, JC McNulty, SG Fox, T Sun, G King, JS AF Noormets, A. Epron, D. Domec, J. C. McNulty, S. G. Fox, T. Sun, G. King, J. S. TI Effects of forest management on productivity and carbon sequestration: A review and hypothesis SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Belowground allocation; Carbon management; Harvest disturbance; Fertilization; Soil carbon sequestration; Trade-offs ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; PINE PLANTATION SILVICULTURE; MIXED-SPECIES PLANTATIONS; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; GROUND GROWTH-RESPONSES; FINE-ROOT PRODUCTION; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS AB With an increasing fraction of the world's forests being intensively managed for meeting humanity's need for wood, fiber and ecosystem services, quantitative understanding of the functional changes in these ecosystems in comparison with natural forests is needed. In particular, the role of managed forests as long-term carbon (C) sinks and for mitigating climate change require a detailed assessment of their carbon cycle on different temporal scales. In the current review we assess available data on the structure and function of the world's forests, explore the main differences in the C exchange between managed and unmanaged stands, and explore potential physiological mechanisms behind both observed and expected changes. Two global databases that include classification for management indicate that managed forests are about 50 years younger, include 25% more coniferous stands, and have about 50% lower C stocks than unmanaged forests. The gross primary productivity (GPP) and total net primary productivity (NPP) are the similar, but relatively more of the assimilated carbon is allocated to aboveground pools in managed than in unmanaged forests, whereas allocation to fine roots and rhizosymbionts is lower. This shift in allocation patterns is promoted by increasing plant size, and by increased nutrient availability. Long-term carbon sequestration potential in soils is assessed through the ratio of heterotrophic respiration to total detritus production, which indicates that (i) the forest soils may be losing more carbon on an annual basis than they regain in detritus, and (ii) the deficit appears to be greater in managed forests. While climate change and management factors (esp. fertilization) both contribute to greater carbon accumulation potential in the soil, the harvest-related increase in decomposition affects the C budget over the entire harvest cycle. Although the findings do not preclude the use of forests for climate mitigation, maximizing merchantable productivity may have significant carbon costs for the soil pool. We conclude that optimal management strategies for maximizing multiple benefits from ecosystem services require better understanding of the dynamics of belowground allocation, carbohydrate availability, heterotrophic respiration, and carbon stabilization in the soil. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Noormets, A.; Domec, J. C.; King, J. S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Epron, D.] Univ Lorraine, UMR INRA UL Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestieres 1137, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Domec, J. C.] Univ Bordeaux, UMR TCEM ENITA INRA 1220, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [McNulty, S. G.; Sun, G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [McNulty, S. G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southeast Reg Climate Hub, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Fox, T.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Noormets, A (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, 920 Main Campus Dr,Suite 300, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM anoorme@ncsu.edu; daniel.epron@univ-lorraine.fr; jdomec@ncsu.edu; steve_mcnulty@ncsu.edu; trfox@vt.edu; ge_sun@ncsu.edu; john_king@ncsu.edu RI Epron, Daniel/B-5093-2011 OI Epron, Daniel/0000-0001-9451-3437 FU DOE BER-TES [7090112, 11-DE-SC-0006700]; USDA NIFA [2011-67009-20089]; US Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center [08-JV-11330147-038]; PINEMAP project; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30185] FX This work was supported by DOE BER-TES awards number 7090112 and 11-DE-SC-0006700, USDA NIFA Grant 2011-67009-20089, US Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center Grant 08-JV-11330147-038, and the PINEMAP project. The Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agricultural Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Award #2011-68002-30185. NR 215 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 42 U2 241 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 355 SI SI BP 124 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.05.019 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS1YL UT WOS:000361864700013 ER PT J AU Choudhary, N Wei, G Govindarajulu, A Roy, A Li, WB Picton, DD Nakhla, MK Levy, L Brlansky, RH AF Choudhary, Nandlal Wei, G. Govindarajulu, A. Roy, Avijit Li, Wenbin Picton, Deric D. Nakhla, M. K. Levy, L. Brlansky, R. H. TI Detection of Citrus leprosis virus C using specific primers and TaqMan probe in one-step real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE CiLV-C; Citrus leprosis disease; One-step qRT-PCR assays; Virus detection ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; RT-PCR ASSAYS; GENOMIC ORGANIZATION; CILV-C AB Citrus leprosis virus C(CiLV-C), a causal agent of the leprosis disease in citrus, is mostly present in the South and Central America and spreading toward the North America. To enable better diagnosis and inhibit the further spread of this re-emerging virus a quantitative (q) real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay is needed for early detection of CiLV-C when the virus is present in low titer in citrus leprosis samples. Using the genomic sequence of CiLV-C, specific primers and probe were designed and synthesized to amplify a 73 nt amplicon from the movement protein (MP) gene. A standard curve of the 73 nt amplicon MP gene was developed using known 10(10)-10(1) copies of in vitro synthesized RNA transcript to estimate the copy number of RNA transcript in the citrus leprosis samples. The one-step qRT-PCR detection assays for CiLV-C were determined to be 1000 times more sensitive when compared to the one-step conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) CiLV-C detection method. To evaluate the quality of the total RNA extracts, NADH dehydrogenase gene specific primers (nad5) and probe were included in reactions as an internal control. The one-step qRT-PCR specificity was successfully validated by testing for the presence of CiLV-C in the total RNA extracts of the citrus leprosis samples collected from Belize, Costa Rica, Mexico and Panama. Implementation of the one-step qRT-PCR assays for CiLV-C diagnosis should assist regulatory agencies in surveillance activities to monitor the distribution pattern of CiLV-C in countries where it is present and to prevent further dissemination into citrus growing countries where there is no report of CiLV-C presence. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Choudhary, Nandlal; Govindarajulu, A.; Roy, Avijit; Brlansky, R. H.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Wei, G.; Li, Wenbin; Picton, Deric D.; Nakhla, M. K.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Plant Protect & Quarantine, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol,Beltsville Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Levy, L.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Plant Protect & Quarantine, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol,Execut Directors Off, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. [Choudhary, Nandlal] Amity Univ, Amity Inst Virol & Immunol, Noida 201303, UP, India. RP Brlansky, RH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM rhby@ufl.edu FU USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST, USA [13-8130-1246-CA] FX This work was financially supported by the USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST, USA (Farm Bill funding 13-8130-1246-CA). We thanks Guillermo Leon in Colombia, Veronica Manzanero Majil and Luis Ruiz in Belize, Rebeca Araya Montero in Costa Rica, M.C. Jose Abel Lopez Buenfil and Iobana Alanis in Mexico and Abby Guerra in Panama, for providing Citrus leprosis virus infected plant materials. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 EI 1879-0984 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD NOV PY 2015 VL 224 BP 105 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.08.022 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA CS1YE UT WOS:000361864000018 PM 26341059 ER PT J AU Calero-Bernal, R Van Wilpe, E White, K Verma, SK Cerqueira-Cezar, CK Dubey, JP AF Calero-Bernal, Rafael Van Wilpe, Erna White, Kevin Verma, Shiv K. Cerqueira-Cezar, Camila K. Dubey, Jitender P. TI Sarcocystis oreamni, n. sp (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) from the mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus) SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Mountain goat; Oreamnos americanus; Sarcocystis; Ultrastructure; Phylogeny ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; WATER-BUFFALO; NORWAY AB Numerous species of Sarcocystis have been reported from wild ruminants, but none has been named from the Rocky Mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus). Mature sarcocysts were found in frozen muscle samples of three of seven mountain goats from Alaska, USA. Two morphological types of sarcocysts were found; one had Sarcocystis cornagliai-like sarcocysts, previously named from the Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) from Europe. Two other goats were infected with a new species, Sarcocystis oreamni. Sarcocystis oreamni sarcocysts were microscopic with 2 mu m-thick sarcocyst wall. By transmission electron microscopy, the sarcocyst wall had 1.7 mu m-thick with unusual molar tooth-like villar protrusions (vp), type 29. The vp had an electron dense core and two disc-shaped plaques at the tip with fine microtubules. Bradyzoites were 8.6-9.1 mu m long. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identified in 18S rRNA, and 28S rRNA loci of rDNA regions that suggested S. oreamni molecularly apart from related species. The phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA sequences suggested S. oreamni is related with Sarcocystis species that employ members of the Canidae family as their definitive host. C1 [Calero-Bernal, Rafael; Verma, Shiv K.; Cerqueira-Cezar, Camila K.; Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Van Wilpe, Erna] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Wildlife Conservat, Juneau, AK 99811 USA. [White, Kevin] Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Anat & Physiol, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov FU Department of Employment and Innovation of the Regional Government of Extremadura (Spain) [PO12010]; European Social Fund FX The authors thank Mr. Efrain Perez and Joseph Madary, Joint Pathology Center, Veterinary Services, U.S. Army, Silver Spring, Maryland for excellent technical help with electron microscopy. Jeff Jemison, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Juneau, AK archived tissue samples. R. Calero-Bernal is a postdoctoral fellow (ref. PO12010) funded by the Department of Employment and Innovation of the Regional Government of Extremadura (Spain) and the European Social Fund. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 EI 1432-1955 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 114 IS 11 BP 4135 EP 4141 DI 10.1007/s00436-015-4644-3 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA CS0EI UT WOS:000361730100020 PM 26255900 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP van Wilpe, E Calero-Bernal, R Verma, SK Fayer, R AF Dubey, Jitender P. van Wilpe, Erna Calero-Bernal, Rafael Verma, Shiv Kumar Fayer, Ronald TI Sarcocystis heydorni, n. sp (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) with cattle (Bos taurus) and human (Homo sapiens) cycle SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cattle; Sarcocystis; Ultrastructure; Human volunteer; Beef AB Cattle (Bos taurus) are intermediate hosts for four species of Sarcocystis, namely Sarcocystis cruzi, Sarcocystis hirsuta, Sarcocystis hominis, and Sarcocystis rommeli. Of these four species, mature sarcocysts of S. cruzi are thin-walled (< 1 mu m), whereas S. hirsuta, S. hominis, and S. rommeli have thick walls (4 mu m or more). Here, we describe a new species of Sarcocystis with thin-walled sarcocysts in cattle. Two newborn calves were fed with sporocysts from the feces of a human volunteer who had ingested raw beef. The calves were killed 111 and 222 days later. In addition to thick-walled sarcocysts of S. hominis, both calves were coinfected with a Sarcocystis species that had a thin-walled sarcocysts, distinct from S. cruzi. The sarcocysts were mature, microscopic, up to 80 mu m wide, and up to 1060 mu m long. By light microscopy, the sarcocyst wall was thin (< 1 mu m thick) and had minute protrusions. By transmission electron microscopy, the sarcocyst wall had short, conical villar protrusions (vp) that were up to 0.5 mu m long and up to 0.5 mu m wide, similar to type 29. The vp on the sarcocyst wall lacked microtubules but had six or more disc-shaped plaques. The ground substance layer was smooth, approximately 0.5 mu m thick, and without microtubules. The bradyzoites were 8-11 mu m long. The structure of the sarcocyst wall was distinct from any species of Sarcocystis reported from livestock. This unique species is named in honor of Dr. Alfred Otto Heydorn who provided the sporocysts. C1 [Dubey, Jitender P.; Calero-Bernal, Rafael; Verma, Shiv Kumar; Fayer, Ronald] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [van Wilpe, Erna] Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Anat & Physiol, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 EI 1432-1955 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 114 IS 11 BP 4143 EP 4147 DI 10.1007/s00436-015-4645-2 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA CS0EI UT WOS:000361730100021 PM 26243573 ER PT J AU Harpur, BA Chapman, NC Krimus, L Maciukiewicz, P Sandhu, V Sood, K Lim, J Rinderer, TE Allsopp, MH Oldroyd, BP Zayed, A AF Harpur, B. A. Chapman, N. C. Krimus, L. Maciukiewicz, P. Sandhu, V. Sood, K. Lim, J. Rinderer, T. E. Allsopp, M. H. Oldroyd, B. P. Zayed, A. TI Assessing patterns of admixture and ancestry in Canadian honey bees SO INSECTES SOCIAUX LA English DT Article DE Africanized bee; Single nucleotide polymorphisms; Ancestral identification; Breeding; Crowd source; Citizen science ID APIS-MELLIFERA L.; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCE; UNITED-STATES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; PROTECTED POPULATIONS; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; EUROPEAN HONEYBEES; APIDAE POPULATIONS; HYMENOPTERA APIDAE; KANGAROO ISLAND AB Canadian honey bees, like all honey bees in the New World, originated from centuries of importation of predominately European subspecies, but their precise genetic ancestry has not been investigated. We used a citizen science approach that engaged a diverse group of beekeepers to undertake the largest population genetic study of Canadian honey bees. We used the dataset to characterize the ancestry of Canadian honey bee populations, test if Northern Canadian colonies have a greater proportion of ancestry from subspecies native to Northern Europe, and determine the effectiveness of using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) to distinguish between Canadian bees and the aggressive and invasive Africanized honey bee found from South America to the Southern United States. We genotyped 855 worker honey bees at 91 ancestrally informative SNPs and found very low levels of genetic differentiation within Canada at these SNPs and small but significant differences in ancestry between provinces. Honey bee populations in Northern and Western Canada were more closely related to subspecies from Southern and Mediterranean Europe. We attributed this pattern to differences in importation practices within Canada. Finally, we were able to accurately discriminate between Africanized bees and Canadian bees using the ancestrally informative SNPs, supporting the use of SNPs for accurately detecting Africanized honey bees and providing valuable insights into the genetic structure of Canadian bees, all while engaging beekeepers in the scientific process. C1 [Harpur, B. A.; Krimus, L.; Maciukiewicz, P.; Sandhu, V.; Sood, K.; Zayed, A.] York Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Chapman, N. C.; Lim, J.; Oldroyd, B. P.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci A12, Behav & Genet Social Insects Lab, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Rinderer, T. E.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Allsopp, M. H.] ARC Plant Protect Res Inst, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa. RP Zayed, A (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Biol, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. EM zayed@yorku.ca OI Harpur, Brock/0000-0001-8722-272X FU NSERC; Bee Research Fund (Canadian Honey Council); Bee Research Fund (Canadian Association of Professional Apiculturists); Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; NSERC Alexander Graham Bell Graduate Scholarship; York University Elia Research Scholarship; Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation [PRJ-007774] FX This project was partially supported by a NSERC Discovery grant, a grant from the Bee Research Fund (Canadian Honey Council and the Canadian Association of Professional Apiculturists), and an Early Researcher Award from the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation (A.Z.). B.A.H. was supported by an NSERC Alexander Graham Bell Graduate Scholarship and York University Elia Research Scholarship. N.C. and B.P.O. received funding from Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation PRJ-007774. V.S., L.K., P.M. were supported by NSERC Undergraduate Student Research Awards and the Research at York program. We thank Genome Quebec's Innovation Centre for their continued excellent service, Dr. Gard Otis (University of Guelph) for helpful discussion on the history of Buckfast breeding in Ontario, and Canadian beekeepers for their support and interest in this work. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 36 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1812 EI 1420-9098 J9 INSECT SOC JI Insect. Soc. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 62 IS 4 BP 479 EP 489 DI 10.1007/s00040-015-0427-1 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CR6ZE UT WOS:000361496300012 ER PT J AU Roseland, JM Nguyen, QV Williams, JR Douglass, LW Patterson, KY Howe, JC Brooks, JC Thompson, LD Woerner, DR Engle, TE Savell, JW Gehring, KB Cifelli, AM McNeill, SH AF Roseland, Janet M. Nguyen, Quynhanh V. Williams, Juhi R. Douglass, Larry W. Patterson, Kristine Y. Howe, Juliette C. Brooks, J. Chance Thompson, Leslie D. Woerner, Dale R. Engle, Terry E. Savell, Jeffrey W. Gehring, Kerri B. Cifelli, Amy M. McNeill, Shalene H. TI Protein, fat, moisture and cooking yields from a US study of retail beef cuts SO JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Beef; Chuck; Rib; Loin; Grill; Roast; Braise; Proximate data; Food analysis; Food composition ID DATABASE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT; PROXIMATE COMPOSITION; NUTRIENT COMPOSITION; LEAN BEEF; SEPARABLE COMPONENTS; DIETARY-PROTEIN; QUALITY GRADE; EXTERNAL FAT; NUTRITION; MUSCLES AB Nutrient data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) are an important resource for U.S. and international databases. To ensure that data for retail beef cuts in USDA's National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference (SR) are current, a comprehensive, nationwide, multi-phase study was conducted. Samples were collected and analyzed in three phases based on primal category. Using a statistically based sampling plan, 72 beef carcasses per phase were obtained with nationally representative quality and yield grades, genders and genetic types. Retail cuts were fabricated, cooked and dissected to obtain component weights. Nutrient values were determined by validated laboratories using quality assurance procedures. Full nutrient profiles were made available in SR (http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata). Results for 16 beef retail cuts were compared for cooking yield and protein, fat and moisture concentrations. For example, cooked fat levels differed among three roasted cuts and among three grilled cuts from chuck, rib and loin (p < 0.01). Cooking yield for roasted ribeye (76%) was lower (p < 0.001) than for grilled ribeye (83%) or for chuck eye grilled (80%) or roasted (84%). This study demonstrates the importance of maintaining data for a variety of retail beef cuts due to their unique properties and different cooking methods. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Roseland, Janet M.; Nguyen, Quynhanh V.; Williams, Juhi R.; Patterson, Kristine Y.] USDA, Nutrient Data Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Brooks, J. Chance; Thompson, Leslie D.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Woerner, Dale R.; Engle, Terry E.] Colorado State Univ, Ctr Meat Safety & Qual, Dept Anim Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Savell, Jeffrey W.; Gehring, Kerri B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Cifelli, Amy M.; McNeill, Shalene H.] Natl Cattlemens Beef Assoc, Centennial, CO 80112 USA. RP Roseland, JM (reprint author), USDA, Nutrient Data Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave Bldg 005, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Janet.roseland@ars.usda.gov; Quynhanh.nguyen@ars.usda.gov; Juhi.williams@ars.usda.gov; Ldouglas@umd.edu; Kris.patterson@ars.usda.gov; Juliettechowe@gmail.com; Chance.brooks@ttu.edu; Leslie.thompson@ttu.edu; Dale.woerner@colostate.edu; Terry.engle@colostate.edu; j-savell@tamu.edu; kharris@tamu.edu; acifelli@beef.org; smcneill@beef.org RI Savell, Jeffrey/C-2434-2008 OI Savell, Jeffrey/0000-0003-0354-1286 FU Beef Checkoff FX The authors wish to acknowledge the support of USDA colleagues Pamela R. Pehrsson, PhD, and Joanne M. Holden, MS, for enabling the completion of this research project; and the professional contributions of Marybeth Duvall, MS, Sue Douglass, MS, Debby Berlyne, PhD, and participating meat scientists from the three collaborating universities. This project is funded in part by the Beef Checkoff. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0889-1575 EI 1096-0481 J9 J FOOD COMPOS ANAL JI J. Food Compos. Anal. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 43 BP 131 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.04.013 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA CR5UT UT WOS:000361410600015 ER PT J AU Fan, XT Sokorai, KJ AF Fan, Xuetong Sokorai, Kimberly J. TI Formation of trichloromethane in chlorinated water and fresh-cut produce and as a result of reaction with citric acid SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Trichloromethane; Chlorine by-product; Chlorine; Citric acid; Lettuce; Onions ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; DRINKING-WATER; CROSS-CONTAMINATION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; WASH; TRIHALOMETHANES; QUALITY; LETTUCE AB Chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) is commonly used by the fresh produce industry in the U.S. to sanitize wash water, fresh and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables. However, possible formation of harmful chlorine by-products is a concern. The objectives of this study were to compare chlorine and chlorine dioxide in trichloromethane formation, determine trichloromethane levels in chlorinated wash water, cut-lettuce and diced onions, and evaluate the reaction of chlorine with citric acid, a chemical often used to adjust pH of chlorine solution. Results showed that little trichloromethane (<= 3 mu g L-1) was produced from chlorine dioxide solution even at concentrations up to 200 mg L-1 compared with the trichloromethane level (similar to 40 mu g L-1) in solutions of chlorine mixed with lettuce extract. The formation of trichloromethane in 1 L of 100 mg L-1 chlorine wash water increased from 155 to 284 mu g L-1 after repeated use of the wash water to wash six batches of 100 g cut lettuce. Levels of trichloromethane in the washed cut lettuce were in the range of 14-22 mu g kg(-1), and were reduced to less than 8 mu g kg(-1) after being rinsed with water. Chlorine solution used to wash diced onions produced much less trichloromethane (32 mu g L-1) compared with that for washing cut lettuce despite higher chemical oxygen demand and turbidity in the wash water. Citric acid reacted with chlorine and produced trichloromethane. Over 1000 mu g L-1 trichloromethane was produced after 30 min reaction with chlorine at 22 degrees C, while less than 35 mu g L-1 trichloromethane was produced when Na-phosphate was used to adjust pH of chlorine. The amount of trichloromethane increased with reaction time and concentration of citrate. Our results demonstrated that formation of trichloromethane in wash water depended on type of cut-vegetables, and citric acid contributed to a significant amount of trichloromethane formation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fan, Xuetong; Sokorai, Kimberly J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Fan, XT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM xuetong.fan@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 109 BP 65 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.06.009 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA CR3RQ UT WOS:000361251200008 ER PT J AU Ummarat, N Arpaia, ML Obenland, D AF Ummarat, Nittaya Arpaia, Mary Lu Obenland, David TI Physiological, biochemical and sensory characterization of the response to waxing and storage of two mandarin varieties differing in postharvest ethanol accumulation SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Off-flavor; Anaerobiosis; Aroma volatiles; Ester; Citrus reticulata ID AROMA VOLATILE COMPOSITION; FERMENTATION METABOLISM; ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; ESTER BIOSYNTHESIS; FLAVOR VOLATILES; NAVEL ORANGES; AVOCADO FRUIT; MOR MANDARINS; OFF-FLAVORS; FUJI APPLES AB A loss of flavor quality often occurs with some varieties of mandarins (Citrus reticulata Blanco) following waxing and storage. This is thought to be due to the synthesis of ethyl esters which is stimulated by an accumulation of ethanol in the fruit as a result of anaerobic metabolism. The goal of this study was to determine the importance of postharvest ethyl ester accumulation to mandarin flavor in two important commercial mandarin varieties that differ in ethanol accumulation patterns. This study also aimed to enhance knowledge regarding the importance of ethanol accumulation to ethyl ester synthesis and overall flavor. In order to do this, comparisons were made between 'Pixie' (P) and 'Gold Nugget' (GN), mandarins that were previously identified as accumulating high and low amounts of ethanol, respectively, after waxing. In three of four harvests (H) at two different locations, P accumulated much higher concentrations of ethanol than GN after waxing and storage for 3 weeks at 5 degrees C and I week at 20 degrees C. Sensory panel analysis indicated that off-flavor development during storage was more pronounced in P than GN as were declines in overall acceptability. Flavor in fruit from Ojai, California (H4) was less negatively impacted by storage than fruit from the San Joaquin Valley of California (HI, H2, H3), for both varieties. Consistent with prior research, alcohols, esters and aldehydes were greatly altered in amount as a result of waxing and storage, with ethanol and the ethyl esters being the most prominent compounds, although ethyl ester concentration did not consistently relate to the amount of ethanol present. In HI P had higher ethanol following storage than GN and correspondingly higher ethyl esters, while in H2 and H3 GN had significantly higher ethyl ester concentrations than P but did not have higher ethanol. Fruit from H4 had similar volatile concentrations between the varieties but ethanol was higher in P than GN. Internal oxygen concentrations in Pixie after waxing were lower than those in GN and likely were largely responsible for the greater ethanol accumulation observed in P. Following storage P tended to have higher pyruvate concentration and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity, while differences in pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) activity were not consistent across harvests. Although the impact of waxing and storage on flavor was more negative for P than GN, the cause of this could not be simply ascribed to the greater tendency of P than GN to produce ethanol that in turn led to greater ethyl ester accumulation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ummarat, Nittaya; Arpaia, Mary Lu] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Obenland, David] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Obenland, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9671 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM david.obenland@ars.usda.gov FU California Citrus Research Board; United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund Grant [IS-4368-10] FX Special thanks to Paul Neipp for his excellent assistance on this project. The research was supported by the California Citrus Research Board and by a United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund Grant (No. IS-4368-10). NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 109 BP 82 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.06.005 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA CR3RQ UT WOS:000361251200010 ER PT J AU Rich, JO Leathers, TD Bischoff, KM Anderson, AM Nunnally, MS AF Rich, Joseph O. Leathers, Timothy D. Bischoff, Kenneth M. Anderson, Amber M. Nunnally, Melinda S. TI Biofilm formation and ethanol inhibition by bacterial contaminants of biofuel fermentation SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biofilm; Biofuel; Contaminants; Inhibition of ethanol production; Lactobacillus ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ACETIC-ACID; LACTIC-ACID; CORN MASH; SP-NOV. AB Bacterial contaminants can inhibit ethanol production in biofuel fermentations, and even result in stuck fermentations. Contaminants may persist in production facilities by forming recalcitrant biofilms. A two-year longitudinal study was conducted of bacterial contaminants from a Midwestern dry grind corn fuel ethanol facility. Among eight sites sampled in the facility, the combined liquefaction stream and yeast propagation tank were consistently contaminated, leading to contamination of early fermentation tanks. Among 768 contaminants isolated, 92% were identified as Lactobacillus sp., with the most abundant species being Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus mucosae, and Lactobacillus fermentum. Seven percent of total isolates showed the ability to form biofilms in pure cultures, and 22% showed the capacity to significantly inhibit ethanol production. However, these traits were not correlated. Ethanol inhibition appeared to be related to acetic acid production by contaminants, particularly by obligately heterofermentative species such as L. fermentum and L. mucosae. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rich, Joseph O.; Leathers, Timothy D.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Anderson, Amber M.; Nunnally, Melinda S.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Leathers, TD (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM tim.leathers@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 196 BP 347 EP 354 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.071 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA CR0VD UT WOS:000361040500044 PM 26255598 ER PT J AU Dri, FL Wu, XW Moon, RJ Martini, A Zavattieri, PD AF Dri, Fernando L. Wu, Xiawa Moon, Robert J. Martini, Ashlie Zavattieri, Pablo D. TI Evaluation of reactive force fields for prediction of the thermo-mechanical properties of cellulose I-beta SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cellulose I-beta; Molecular dynamics; Force fields; Thermo-mechanical behavior; Anisotropy ID SYNCHROTRON X-RAY; THERMAL-EXPANSION BEHAVIOR; NEUTRON FIBER DIFFRACTION; HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; ELASTIC-MODULUS; AB-INITIO; REGENERATED CELLULOSE; NATIVE CELLULOSE AB Molecular dynamics simulation is commonly used to study the properties of nanocellulose-based materials at the atomic scale. It is well known that the accuracy of these simulations strongly depends on the force field that describes energetic interactions. However, since there is no force field developed specifically for cellulose, researchers utilize models parameterized for other materials. In this work, we evaluate three reactive force field (ReaxFF) parameter sets and compare them with two commonly-used non-reactive force fields (COMPASS and GLYCAM) in terms of their ability to predict lattice parameters, elastic constants, coefficients of thermal expansion, and the anisotropy of cellulose I-beta. We find that none is able to accurately predict these properties. However, for future studies focused on a given property, this paper presents the information needed to identify the force field that will yield the most accurate results. (C) 2015 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dri, Fernando L.; Zavattieri, Pablo D.] Purdue Univ, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wu, Xiawa] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Martini, Ashlie] Univ Calif Merced, Sch Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Martini, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, Sch Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM amartini@ucmerced.edu; zavattie@purdue.edu FU Forest Products Laboratory under USDA [07-CR-11111120-093]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-11-1-0162]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-1131596] FX The authors are grateful to financial support by the Forest Products Laboratory under USDA grant: 07-CR-11111120-093, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant FA9550-11-1-0162 and National Science Foundation through Grant No. CMMI-1131596. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 EI 1879-0801 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 109 BP 330 EP 340 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2015.06.040 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA CP9XF UT WOS:000360248000043 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, MR Brooks, JP Adeli, A Miles, DM AF McLaughlin, M. R. Brooks, J. P. Adeli, A. Miles, D. M. TI Using broiler litter and swine manure lagoon effluent in sawdust-based swine mortality composts: Effects on nutrients, bacteria, and gaseous emissions SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Ammonia; Clostridium; Escherichia coli; Greenhouse gases; Pathogens; Salmonella ID CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS; CHARACTERIZING AMMONIA; PROCESS TEMPERATURE; WASTE TREATMENT; NORTH-CAROLINA; PIG MANURE; SALMONELLA; FLUX; BIODEGRADATION; TECHNOLOGY AB Disposition of mortalities challenges confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs), especially sow (farrowing) farms, which experience mortalities daily. Regulations and transportation costs may preclude incineration, land-fill burial, and rendering; therefore, swine CAFOs in Mississippi in the Mid-South U.S. often compost mortalities. In this study, a farm-standard composting mix of sawdust (S) and water (W) was compared with mixes where N was supplied by broiler litter (L) and water was replaced with swine lagoon effluent (E). The objective was to assess the effects of these manure byproducts: 1) on nutrients and bacteria in composts destined for land application; and 2) on emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases. Three replications of four mixes (SW, SLW, SE, SLE) were compared in microcosms comprising modified plastic recycling bins. The experiment was repeated three times in different seasons in one year. Mixes were compared for differences in temperature, water content, nutrients (C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn), bacteria (Gram-, Gram+, Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella, Listeria, Escherichia coli), and emissions (NH3, CO2, CH4, N2O). Litter addition increased composting temperatures initially and after aerations; increased nutrient concentrations, except C, in start mixes and all except C and N, in finish mixes; increased Gram+ bacteria, Salmonella, and E. coli in start mixes, but only Gram+s in finish mixes; and increased emissions. Effluent addition increased early composting temperatures; had no effect on nutrients or bacteria, except increased C. perfringens in start, but not finish mixes; and had no effect on emissions. Nutrients in finish composts did not differ among mixes for N (average 3.3%), but litter composts had more P and K, and lower N:P than composts without litter. Improving mortality composting is of global importance as increasing livestock populations and intensive animal production systems require practical, safe, environmentally sound disposal of carcasses. C1 [McLaughlin, M. R.; Brooks, J. P.; Adeli, A.; Miles, D. M.] ARS, USDA, Genet & Sustainable Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP McLaughlin, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Genet & Sustainable Agr Res Unit, Post Off Box 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM mike.mclaughlin@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD NOV 1 PY 2015 VL 532 BP 265 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.119 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CQ0LD UT WOS:000360286500026 PM 26081729 ER PT J AU Sharma, MP Buyer, JS AF Sharma, Mahaveer P. Buyer, Jeffrey S. TI Comparison of biochemical and microscopic methods for quantification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil and roots SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; PLFA; NLFA; Ester-linked FAME ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FATTY-ACID ANALYSIS; COLONIZATION; INFECTION; FORESTS; BIOMASS; SHIFTS AB Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are well-known plant symbionts which provide enhanced phosphorus uptake as well as other benefits to their host plants. Quantification of mycorrhizal density and root colonization has traditionally been performed by root staining and microscopic examination methods, which are time-consuming, laborious, and difficult to reproduce between laboratories. A number of biochemical markers for estimating mycorrhizal hyphae and spores have been published. In this study we grew maize plants in three different soils in a replicated greenhouse experiment and compared the results from two microscopic methods, spore density and root colonization, to the results from three lipid biomarker methods: neutral lipid fatty acid, phospholipid fatty acid, and ester-linked fatty acid analysis. Ester-linked fatty acid analysis gave consistent results for both spore density and root colonization, but neutral lipid fatty acid analysis had the highest correlation to AMF spore counts. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis was not correlated to spore density and did not reproducibly correlate to root colonization. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sharma, Mahaveer P.] ICAR Res Complex, Directorate Soybean Res, Microbiol Sect, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. [Buyer, Jeffrey S.] ARS, USDA, BARC, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Buyer, JS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SASL, Bldg 001 Room 140 BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jeffrey.buyer@ars.usda.gov OI Buyer, Jeffrey/0000-0003-2098-0547 FU Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India FX We thank Stanley Tesch for technical assistance. Financial support from Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India to MPS for carrying out this work during his DBT-CREST fellowship is gratefully acknowledged. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 97 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 95 BP 86 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.06.001 PG 4 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CO2XZ UT WOS:000359021800010 ER PT J AU Stout, JE AF Stout, John E. TI Diurnal patterns of blowing dust on the Llano Estacado SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Blowing dust; Diurnal; Aeolian; Wind erosion; Air quality ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; NORTH-AMERICA; WIND EROSION; MICROBALANCE; FREQUENCY; STORMS; USA AB Hourly dust data was collected in Lubbock, Texas, from January 1, 2003, to January 1, 2008. Diurnal patterns of dust concentration were computed by averaging hourly values associated with a given time of day for all days within the 5-yr sampling period. Results suggest that the overall diurnal pattern is characterized by relatively high dust concentrations during the day and relatively low values at night and in the early morning. Diurnal patterns of blowing dust are influenced by daily variations of key climatic factors. Generally, one finds relatively strong winds during the day and lighter winds at night. The morning increase in wind speed is associated with the rising sun, which produces thermal instability and enhances the mixing of high momentum winds from the upper levels of the atmosphere to the surface layer. Solar radiation can also reduce the critical threshold by drying the soil surface. Diurnal patterns of blowing dust were also computed separately for each of the four seasons. The most conspicuous change of the diurnal pattern occurred in the summer where the difference between peak afternoon values and early morning values was considerably less than that of other seasons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). C1 ARS, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Stout, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM john.stout@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 122 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.06.013 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CO4ZS UT WOS:000359170000010 ER PT J AU Zhang, QF Wang, J Zhao, LS Wu, FQ Zhang, ZY Torbert, AH AF Zhang, Qingfeng Wang, Jian Zhao, Longshan Wu, Faqi Zhang, Zhiyi Torbert, Allen H. TI Spatial heterogeneity of surface roughness during different erosive stages of tilled loess slopes under a rainfall intensity of 1.5 mm min(-1) SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Loess tilled slope; Soil erosion; Spatial heterogeneity; Fractal analysis; Semi-variance analysis ID DEPRESSIONAL STORAGE; SIMULATED RAINFALL; WATER EROSION; SOIL SURFACES; MICROTOPOGRAPHY; INFILTRATION; VARIABILITY; TILLAGE AB The loess tilled slopes of the Chinese Loess Plateau are an area of serious soil erosion problems. Knowing the spatial heterogeneity of surface roughness (SR) will contribute to the understanding of the developmental process of slope erosion and reveal the coupled relationship between SR and slope erosion in this area. The objective of this study was to examine the spatial heterogeneity of SR of four typical tilled loess slopes during successive stages of soil erosion under a simulated rainfall: before rain (BR), splash erosion (SpE), sheet erosion (ShE) and rill erosion (RE). Soil surface elevation was measured and analyzed with both the semivariogram function and fractal dimension models. All four tilled slopes: artificial backhoe (AB), artificial digging (AD), contour tillage (CT) and linear slope (CK) had strong spatial autocorrelations and relatively stable spatial structure during the evolution of the erosion process. Rainfall in the SpE and ShE had a certain relief effect on SR. The fractal dimension of the SR at Various erosion stages ranged from 1.54 to 1.86. All tillage methods showed a reduction in their SR variances at scales larger than 40 cm, with CK showing the smallest reduction, followed by AB, AD, and then CT. Contrarily, these tillage methods displayed a similar trend of increasing SR variances at scales less than 40 cm; increasingly weaker soil and water conservation effects were noted for these slopes. Since the SR of the 15 slope had a stronger spatial heterogeneity, it is expected to have a more potent inhibition of soil erosion at this slope than at other slope gradients. The overall autocorrelation scale of SR was 2.84 m, although it differed under various tillage measures and slope gradients. The results of multifractal analysis reflected the spatial heterogeneity of SR at diverse scales or at different erosion processes better than a single fractal dimension. In this paper, we not only reveal the coupling relationship between SR of micro-topography and erosion, but also lay a theoretical foundation to guide future tillage practices on sloping areas of the Loess Plateau. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Qingfeng; Wang, Jian; Zhao, Longshan; Wu, Faqi] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Zhiyi] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Informat Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Torbert, Allen H.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. RP Zhang, QF (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM zhqf@nwsuaf.edu.cn OI zhang, qingfeng/0000-0002-6873-8875 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41271288, 41371273]; Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi province [2011JM5007]; National Science and Technology Support Program of the National Twelfth Five-Year [2011BAD29B09-1-1C] FX This research is jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41271288 and 41371273), Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi province (2011JM5007) and the National Science and Technology Support Program of the National Twelfth Five-Year (Grants No. 2011BAD29B09-1-1C), administrated by Northwest A&F University. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 EI 1879-3444 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 153 BP 95 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.still.2015.05.011 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CN4GQ UT WOS:000358389000012 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Warnemuende-Pappas, EA AF Smith, Douglas R. Warnemuende-Pappas, Elizabeth A. TI Vertical tillage impacts on water quality derived from rainfall simulations SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Eutrophication; No-tillage; Phosphorus stratification; Rainfall simulation; Vertical tillage ID NO-TILL; PHOSPHORUS LOSSES; NUTRIENT LOSSES; RUNOFF LOSSES; LAKE-ERIE; SOIL; SURFACE; ATRAZINE; CORN; CONSERVATION AB Increasing soluble phosphorus (SP) loads to Lake Erie occurring around the same time as the implementation of no-tillage in the watershed has led to speculation that this important conservation practice is a primary cause of the SP loading. Thus, conservationists are interested in finding management practices that will minimize stratification of P. which may be common in no-tillage systems, while also minimizing erosion losses that result from conventional tillage practices. As no-tillage was marketed as a practice to decrease sediment and total P (TP) loads, it is important to examine adoption of future conservation practices for their impact on multiple resource concerns. This study was conducted to determine if a shallow vertical tillage practice was sufficient to minimize P. N and atrazine loading from long-term no-tillage fields in a corn-soybean rotation, while maintaining minimal erosion. Rainfall simulations (average intensity of 53 mm h(-1)) were performed on no-tillage and vertical tillage plots (5 x 1 m) sufficient to produce 30 min of runoff. Runoff was collected every 2.5 min, and analyzed for sediment and nutrients (NH4-N; NO3-N, total Kjehldahl N (TKN), SP and TP). Runoff was delayed by 17 min using vertical tillage; however, the steady-state rate of runoff was significantly greater from vertical tillage compared to no-tillage. There were no significant differences for N from runoff (NH4-N, NO3-N, or TKN). There was a trend of slightly higher SP loads from vertical tillage than no-tillage. Total P losses were correlated with sediment, and were observed to be higher from vertical tillage than no-tillage. The primary advantage that vertical tillage has with respect to nutrient losses is in delaying runoff initiation, however this effect could be nullified in subsequent runoff events. If P loading to surface waters is the primary concern, it would appear from the data presented in this study that vertical tillage may not be an appropriate practice, and in fact may impose greater risks due to greater erosion and associated TP losses. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Smith, Douglas R.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Smith, Douglas R.; Warnemuende-Pappas, Elizabeth A.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 East Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM douglas.r.smith@ars.usda.gov; Betsy.Wamemuende@gmail.com NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 EI 1879-3444 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 153 BP 155 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.still.2015.04.004 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CN4GQ UT WOS:000358389000019 ER PT J AU Dymek, K Dejmek, P Galindo, FG Wisniewski, M AF Dymek, Katarzyna Dejmek, Petr Galindo, Federico Gomez Wisniewski, Michael TI Influence of vacuum impregnation and pulsed electric field on the freezing temperature and ice propagation rates of spinach leaves SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Infrared thermography; Plant tissues; Electroporation ID FROZEN STRAWBERRIES; NUCLEATION; TOLERANCE; QUALITY AB Efforts are currently directed towards improving the quality of sensitive tissues of fruits and vegetables after freezing and thawing. One of the methods under investigation is the combination of vacuum impregnation (VI) with cryoprotectants and pulsed electric field (PEF), applied to the plant tissue prior exposure to freezing. The influence of these processes on the freezing temperature and ice propagation rate of spinach baby leaves are here studied. Leaves impregnated with trehalose, sucrose, glucose and mannitol exhibited significantly lower ice propagation rate and higher freezing temperatures in comparison to non-treated controls. Leaves subjected to PEF also showed increased freezing temperatures compared to the non-treated leaves; however the ice propagation rate was not influenced by PEF for the cryoprotectants used in the study, except for leaves impregnated with trehalose, where it was significantly increased and water, where it was significantly decreased. The combination of VI and PEF resulted in comparable freezing temperatures and ice propagation rates as the leaves subjected only to VI. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dymek, Katarzyna; Dejmek, Petr; Galindo, Federico Gomez] Lund Univ, Food Technol Engn & Nutr, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Wisniewski, Michael] ARS, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Dymek, K (reprint author), Lund Univ, Food Technol Engn & Nutr, POB 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. EM katarzyna.dymek@food.lth.se FU Royal Swedish Academy of Science [FOA13H-025]; European Community [245280] FX This study was supported by grant from The Royal Swedish Academy of Science (App. no.: FOA13H-025).; The research leading to these results received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 245280, also known under the acronym PRESERF. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 EI 1096-1127 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2015 VL 64 IS 1 BP 497 EP 502 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.05.016 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CN4HU UT WOS:000358392000067 ER PT J AU Gunduz, GT Juneja, VK Pazir, F AF Gunduz, Gulten Tiryaki Juneja, Vijay K. Pazir, Fikret TI Application of ultraviolet-C light on oranges for the inactivation of postharvest wound pathogens SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Ultraviolet-C; Orange; Penicillium digitatum; Penicillium italicum ID INDUCED RESISTANCE; PENICILLIUM-DIGITATUM; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; BACTERIAL-GROWTH; IN-VITRO; IRRADIATION; DECAY; FRUIT; COMBINATION; GRAPEFRUIT AB Germicidal effects of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light on the postharvest wound pathogens of citrus fruits namely Penicillium digitatum and Perticillium italicum were investigated. P. digitatum and P. italicum spores were inoculated (4.00-4.50 log cfu/orange) onto Washington navel oranges (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck cv Washington navel) by using wound and spot inoculation methods and subjected to eight different UV-C doses in the range of 0.26-15.84 kJ/m(2). Maximum reductions of 2.75 and 3.33 log cfu/orange of P. digitatum were obtained at the UV-C dose of 3.17 kJ/m(2) for spot and wound inoculation methods, respectively. P. italicum was more resistant than P. digitatum to UV-C treatments. The results suggest that UV-C treatments designed to reduce P. italicum spores will provide an adequate degree of protection against P. digitatum spores. UV-C light could be an alternative technique for the use of synthetic chemicals to reduce the development of postharvest pathogens of oranges. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gunduz, Gulten Tiryaki; Pazir, Fikret] Ege Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Food Engn, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. [Juneja, Vijay K.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Gunduz, GT (reprint author), Ege Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Food Engn, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. EM gulten.tiryaki.gunduz@ege.edu.tr FU Ege University Research Foundation [2010 MUH 056] FX The financial supports of Ege University Research Foundation (Project no: 2010 MUH 056) are gratefully acknowledged. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD NOV PY 2015 VL 57 BP 9 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.04.003 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CM6ZB UT WOS:000357839100002 ER PT J AU Sheen, S Cassidy, J Scullen, B Uknalis, J Sommers, C AF Sheen, Shiowshuh Cassidy, Jennifer Scullen, Butch Uknalis, Joseph Sommers, Christopher TI Inactivation of Salmonella spp. in ground chicken using high pressure processing SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE High pressure; Salmonella spp.; Ground chicken ID HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; BREAST FILLETS; MEAT-PRODUCTS; BEEF; SURVIVAL; ENTERITIDIS; PATHOGENS; QUALITY; POULTRY AB High Pressure Processing (HPP) is a safe and effective process for improving the microbial safety and shelf-life of foods. Salmonella is a common contaminant in poultry meat and is frequently responsible for foodborne illness associated with contaminated poultry meat. In this study the inactivation of a fiveisolate cocktail of Salmonella spp. in ground chicken (95% lean) using HPP at refrigeration temperature (4-6 degrees C) was studied. More than 5-log CFU/g inactivation was achieved at 450 MPa for10 min. In contrast, HPP treatment at 250 MPa or 350 MPa (single-cycle, 15 min) inactivated 0.5 log or 1.7 log CFU/g, respectively. The multiple-cycle HPP mode at 250 or 350 MPa (3-cycle with 5 min/cycle) showed higher cell reduction at 1.3 or 3.3 log CFU/g, respectively. HPP at 550 MPa for 10 min may reduce the cell counts, initially at 8.5 log CFU/g, to below the detection limit (1.0 log CFU/g) in current study. The images (electron microscopy) of the HPP shocked cells were examined for structural damage, which demonstrated that Salmonella cells may still look intact (with damages on rough/irregular surface at 450 MPa stress) under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), but have significant damage internally (voids and uneven mass distribution patterns) under Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sheen, Shiowshuh; Cassidy, Jennifer; Scullen, Butch; Uknalis, Joseph; Sommers, Christopher] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Sheen, S (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM shiowshuh.sheen@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 14 U2 85 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD NOV PY 2015 VL 57 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.04.005 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CM6ZB UT WOS:000357839100007 ER PT J AU Huang, LH AF Huang, Lihan TI Direct construction of predictive models for describing growth of Salmonella Enteritidis in liquid eggs - A one-step approach SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Almonella Enteritidis; Liquid eggs; Modeling; Kinetic analysis ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; KINETICS; BEEF AB The objective of this study was to develop a new approach using a one-step approach to directly construct predictive models for describing the growth of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) in liquid egg white (LEW) and egg yolk (LEY). A five-strain cocktail of SE, induced to resist rifampicin at 100 mg/L, was used to inoculate LEW and LEY. Kinetic studies were conducted isothermally at different temperatures between 8 and 43 degrees C to generate growth curves at each temperature. This study first solved an inverse problem globally, using the growth curves to estimate the temperature-dependent kinetic parameters, and then applied the parameters to predict growth (a forward problem). Once the growth curves were generated, they were assembled and analyzed using nonlinear regression to determine kinetic parameters of both primary and secondary models in one step, with an objective to minimize the global residual sum of squares (RSS) for the entire data set. For growth in LEW, a three-parameter logistic model was used. For growth in LEY, the Huang model was used as the primary model. The Ratkowsky square-root model was used to evaluate the growth rates. The results showed that the one-step approach resulted in accurate estimation of the kinetic parameters that were used later to successfully predict the growth of SE in LEY and LEW. The estimated nominal minimum growth temperatures of SE were 7.4 degrees C and 9.9 degrees C, while the estimated maximum growth temperatures were 45.2 degrees C and 46.8 degrees C, respectively, in LEW and LEY. As a validation, the predictive models were tested with independent growth curves of SE in LEY and LEW at 37 degrees C. The root mean square error (RMSE) was only 0.36 and 0.28 log CFU/ml over a total scale of 8.4 and 7.8 log CFU/ml, respectively, for the growth models of SE in LEY and LEW, suggesting that the one-step approach can generate accurate models for predicting the growth of SE in LEY and LEW. The results from this study can be used to predict the growth of SE and evaluate the safety of LEY and LEW. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Huang, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM lihan.huang@ars.usda.gov OI Huang, Lihan/0000-0002-9565-4503 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD NOV PY 2015 VL 57 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.03.051 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CM6ZB UT WOS:000357839100013 ER PT J AU Nakata, PA AF Nakata, Paul A. TI An Assessment of Engineered Calcium Oxalate Crystal Formation on Plant Growth and Development as a Step toward Evaluating Its Use to Enhance Plant Defense SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID OXALYL-COA SYNTHETASE; BROWN PLANTHOPPER; FINE-STRUCTURE; ARABIDOPSIS; RICE; ACID; DELPHACIDAE; HOMOPTERA; RAPHIDES; INSECTS AB The establishment of new approaches to control chewing insects has been sought not only for direct use in reducing crop loss but also in managing resistance to the pesticides already in use. Engineered formation of calcium oxalate crystals is a potential strategy that could be developed to fulfill both these needs. As a step toward this development, this study investigates the effects of transforming a non-calcium oxalate crystal accumulating plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, into a crystal accumulating plant. Calcium oxalate crystal accumulating A. thaliana lines were generated by ectopic expression of a single bacterial gene encoding an oxalic acid biosynthetic enzyme. Biochemical and cellular studies suggested that the engineered A. thaliana lines formed crystals of calcium oxalate in a manner similar to naturally occurring crystal accumulating plants. The amount of calcium oxalate accumulated in leaves also reached levels similar to those measured in the leaves of Medicago truncatula in which the crystals are known to play a defensive role. Visual inspection of the different engineered lines, however, suggested a phenotypic consequence on plant growth and development with higher calcium oxalate concentrations. The restoration of a near wildtype plant phenotype through an enzymatic reduction of tissue oxalate supported this observation. Overall, this study is a first to provide initial insight into the potential consequences of engineering calcium oxalate crystal formation in non-crystal accumulating plants. C1 Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Nakata, PA (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM paul.nakata@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-3092-5-001] FX U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 58-3092-5-001. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 30 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0141982 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0141982 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CV0EH UT WOS:000363920800099 PM 26517544 ER PT J AU Wu, J Lu, CJ Li, X Fang, H Wan, WC Yang, QH Sun, XS Wang, ML Hu, XH Chen, CYO Wei, XY AF Wu, Jie Lu, Chuanjun Li, Xue Fang, Hua Wan, Wencheng Yang, Qiaohong Sun, Xiaosheng Wang, Meiling Hu, Xiaohong Chen, C. -Y. Oliver Wei, Xiaoyong TI Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Gigantol Derivatives as Potential Agents in Prevention of Diabetic Cataract SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ALDOSE REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; EPITHELIAL-CELL APOPTOSIS; UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; SCAPHYGLOTTIS-LIVIDA; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; COMPLICATIONS; EXPRESSION; ANALOGS; DESIGN AB As a continuation of our efforts directed towards the development of natural anti-diabetic cataract agents, gigantol was isolated from Herba dendrobii and was found to inhibit both aldose reductase (AR) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, which play a significant role in the development and progression of diabetic cataracts. To improve its bioefficacy and facilitate use as a therapeutic agent, gigantol (compound 14f) and a series of novel analogs were designed and synthesized. Analogs were formulated to have different substituents on the phenyl ring (compounds 4, 5, 8, 14a-e), substitute the phenyl ring with a larger steric hindrance ring (compounds 10, 17c) or modify the carbon chain (compounds 17a, 17b, 21, 23, 25). All of the analogs were tested for their effect on AR and iNOS activities and on D-galactose-induced apoptosis in cultured human lens epithelial cells. Compounds 5, 10, 14a, 14b, 14d, 14e, 14f, 17b, 17c, 23, and 25 inhibited AR activity, with IC50 values ranging from 5.02 to 288.8 mu M. Compounds 5, 10, 14b, and 14f inhibited iNOS activity with IC50 ranging from 432.6 to 1188.7 mu M. Compounds 5, 8, 10, 14b, 14f, and 17c protected the cells from D-galactose induced apoptosis with viability ranging from 55.2 to 76.26%. Of gigantol and its analogs, compound 10 showed the greatest bioefficacy and is warranted to be developed as a therapeutic agent for diabetic cataracts. C1 [Wu, Jie; Li, Xue; Fang, Hua; Wan, Wencheng; Yang, Qiaohong; Sun, Xiaosheng; Wang, Meiling; Hu, Xiaohong; Wei, Xiaoyong] Guangzhou Univ Chinese Med, Sch Basic Med Sci, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lu, Chuanjun] Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Chem Engn, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Lu, Chuanjun] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Inst Drug Synth & Pharmaceut Proc, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Chen, C. -Y. Oliver; Wei, Xiaoyong] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wei, XY (reprint author), Guangzhou Univ Chinese Med, Sch Basic Med Sci, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM jidewowxy@163.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [81274157, 81102674]; Guangzhou Science & Technology Planning Project [2014J4100082]; Guangdong Natural Science Foundation [S2011010005661]; Guangdong Science & Technology Planning Project [2011B031700076, 2009B090300335]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service [1950-5100-087] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81274157, 81102674), Guangzhou Science & Technology Planning Project (2014J4100082), Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (S2011010005661), Guangdong Science & Technology Planning Project (2011B031700076, 2009B090300335) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (Cooperative Agreement No. 1950-5100-087). NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 30 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0141092 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0141092 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CV0EH UT WOS:000363920800020 PM 26517726 ER PT J AU Rohrer, GA Nonneman, DJ Wiedmann, RT Schneider, JF AF Rohrer, Gary A. Nonneman, Dan J. Wiedmann, Ralph T. Schneider, James F. TI A study of vertebra number in pigs confirms the association of vertnin and reveals additional QTL SO BMC GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Rib; Thoracic; Lumbar; Vertebra; Kyphosis; GWAS; Pig; Swine ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PIETRAIN RESOURCE POPULATION; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; MEAT QUALITY TRAITS; CARCASS COMPOSITION; RIB-VERTEBRAE; HOX GENES; SWINE; IDENTIFICATION; MUTATION AB Background: Formation of the vertebral column is a critical developmental stage in mammals. The strict control of this process has resulted in little variation in number of vertebrae across mammalian species and no variation within most mammalian species. The pig is quite unique as considerable variation exists in number of thoracic vertebrae as well as number of lumbar vertebrae. At least two genes have been identified that affect number of vertebrae in pigs yet considerable genetic variation still exists. Therefore, a genome-wide association (GWA) analysis was conducted to identify additional genomic regions that affect this trait. Results: A total of 1883 animals were phenotyped for the number of ribs and thoracolumbar vertebrae as well as successfully genotyped with the Illumina Porcine SNP60 BeadChip. After data editing, 41,148 SNP markers were included in the GWA analysis. These animals were also phenotyped for kyphosis. Fifty-three 1 Mb windows each explained at least 1.0 % of the genomic variation for vertebrae counts while 16 regions were significant for kyphosis. Vertnin genotype significantly affected vertebral counts as well. The region with the largest effect for number of lumbar vertebrae and thoracolumbar vertebrae were located over the Hox B gene cluster and the largest association for thoracic vertebrae number was over the Hox A gene cluster. Genetic markers in significant regions accounted for approximately 50 % of the genomic variation. Less genomic variation for kyphosis was described by QTL regions and no region was associated with kyphosis and vertebra counts. Conclusions: The importance of the Hox gene families in vertebral development was highlighted as significant associations were detected over the A, B and C families. Further evaluation of these regions and characterization of variants within these genes will expand our knowledge on vertebral development using natural genetic variants segregating in commercial swine. C1 [Rohrer, Gary A.; Nonneman, Dan J.; Wiedmann, Ralph T.; Schneider, James F.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Rohrer, GA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Gary.Rohrer@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2156 J9 BMC GENET JI BMC Genet. PD OCT 30 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 129 DI 10.1186/s12863-015-0286-9 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CU8QR UT WOS:000363808700002 PM 26518887 ER PT J AU Fullerton, AH Torgersen, CE Lawler, JJ Faux, RN Steel, EA Beechie, TJ Ebersole, JL Leibowitz, SG AF Fullerton, Aimee H. Torgersen, Christian E. Lawler, Joshua J. Faux, Russell N. Steel, E. Ashley Beechie, Timothy J. Ebersole, Joseph L. Leibowitz, Scott G. TI Rethinking the longitudinal stream temperature paradigm: region-wide comparison of thermal infrared imagery reveals unexpected complexity of river temperatures SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE water temperature; remote sensing; longitudinal profile; spatial pattern ID WATER TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; HEADWATER STREAMS; UNITED-STATES; HABITAT; OREGON; DYNAMICS; SALMON; VARIABILITY AB Prevailing theory suggests that stream temperature warms asymptotically in a downstream direction, beginning at the temperature of the source in the headwaters and levelling off downstream as it converges to match meteorological conditions. However, there have been few empirical examples of longitudinal patterns of temperature in large rivers due to a paucity of data. We constructed longitudinal thermal profiles (temperature vs distance) for 53 rivers in the Pacific Northwest (USA) using an extensive data set of remotely sensed summertime river temperatures and classified each profile into one of five patterns of downstream warming: asymptotic (increasing then flattening), linear (increasing steadily), uniform (not changing), parabolic (increasing then decreasing), or complex (not fitting other classes). We evaluated (1) how frequently profiles warmed asymptotically downstream as expected, and (2) whether relationships between river temperature and common hydroclimatic variables differed by profile class. We found considerable diversity in profile shape, with 47% of rivers warming asymptotically and 53% having alternative profile shapes. Water temperature did not warm substantially over the course of the river for coastal parabolic and uniform profiles, and for some linear and complex profiles. Profile classes showed no clear geographical trends. The degree of correlation between river temperature and hydroclimatic variables differed among profile classes, but there was overlap among classes. Water temperature in rivers with asymptotic or parabolic profiles was positively correlated with August air temperature, tributary temperature and velocity, and negatively correlated with elevation, August precipitation, gradient and distance upstream. Conversely, associations were less apparent in rivers with linear, uniform or complex profiles. Factors contributing to the unique shape of parabolic profiles differed for coastal and inland rivers, where downstream cooling was influenced locally by climate or cool water inputs, respectively. Potential drivers of shape for complex profiles were specific to each river. These thermal patterns indicate diverse thermal habitats that may promote resilience of aquatic biota to climate change. Without this spatial context, climate change models may incorrectly estimate loss of thermally suitable habitat. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Fullerton, Aimee H.; Beechie, Timothy J.] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Fullerton, Aimee H.; Lawler, Joshua J.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Torgersen, Christian E.] Univ Washington, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Cascadia Field Stn, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Faux, Russell N.] Quantum Spatial Inc, Corvallis, OR USA. [Steel, E. Ashley] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. [Ebersole, Joseph L.; Leibowitz, Scott G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Fullerton, AH (reprint author), NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. EM aimee.fullerton@noaa.gov FU Northwest Fisheries Science Center; NOAA Advanced Studies Program FX Individual river temperature surveys and image processing were conducted by R. Faux, Watershed Sciences Inc., except for rivers in the Salmon and Clearwater basins in Idaho, the data for which were provided by D. Essig of the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality. We are grateful to the many local, state, federal, tribal and nongovernmental organizations that funded the collection of these data for water quality monitoring and assessment. A.H.F. was supported by the Northwest Fisheries Science Center and the NOAA Advanced Studies Program. We thank P.M. Kiffney, N.J. Mantua, S.G. Smith and three anonymous reviewers for helpful discussions and reviews of earlier versions of the manuscript, and B.J. Burke for statistical advice. The information in this document has been subjected to peer and administrative review and is approved for publication by NOAA, USGS, EPA and USFS. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 78 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 7 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD OCT 30 PY 2015 VL 29 IS 22 BP 4719 EP 4737 DI 10.1002/hyp.10506 PG 19 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA CU1JN UT WOS:000363277400005 ER PT J AU Sapozhnikova, Y Lehotay, SJ AF Sapozhnikova, Yelena Lehotay, Steven J. TI Review of recent developments and applications in low-pressure (vacuum outlet) gas chromatography SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Review DE Low-pressure vacuum outlet gas chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Fast analysis; High sample throughput ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MULTIPLE PESTICIDE-RESIDUES; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; QUECHERS SAMPLE PREPARATION; HIGH-THROUGHPUT ANALYSIS; HIGH-SPEED GC; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS AB The concept of low pressure (LP) vacuum outlet gas chromatography (GC) was introduced more than 50 years ago, but it was not until the 2000s that its theoretical applicability to fast analysis of GC-amenable chemicals was realized. In practice, LPGC is implemented by placing the outlet of a short, wide (typically 10-15 m, 0.53 mm inner diameter) analytical column under vacuum conditions, which speeds the separation by reducing viscosity of the carrier gas, thereby leading to a higher optimal flow rate for the most separation efficiency. To keep the inlet at normal operating pressures, the analytical column is commonly coupled to a short, narrow uncoated restriction capillary that also acts as a guard column. The faster separations in LPGC usually result in worse separation efficiency relative to conventional GC, but selective detection usually overcomes this drawback. Mass spectrometry (MS) provides highly selective and sensitive universal detection, and nearly all GC-MS instruments provide vacuum outlet conditions for implementation of LPGC-MS(/MS) without need for adaptations. In addition to higher sample throughput, LPGC provides other benefits, including lower detection limits, less chance of analyte degradation, reduced peak tailing, increased sample loadability, and more ruggedness without overly narrow peaks that would necessitate excessively fast data acquisition rates. This critical review summarizes recent developments in the application of LPGC with MS and other detectors in the analysis of pesticides, environmental contaminants, explosives, phytosterols, and other semi-volatile compounds. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sapozhnikova, Yelena; Lehotay, Steven J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Lehotay, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Steven.Lehotay@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 EI 1873-4324 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD OCT 29 PY 2015 VL 899 BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2015.10.003 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA CV3NQ UT WOS:000364166300002 PM 26547491 ER PT J AU Crow, WT Lei, FN Hain, C Anderson, MC Scott, RL Billesbach, D Arkebauer, T AF Crow, Wade T. Lei, Fangni Hain, Christopher Anderson, Martha C. Scott, Russell L. Billesbach, David Arkebauer, Timothy TI Robust estimates of soil moisture and latent heat flux coupling strength obtained from triple collocation SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE surface energy fluxes; soil moisture; remote sensing; coupling strength; triple collocation ID ENERGY-EXCHANGE; SAND HILLS; LAND; SURFACE; WATER; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; PRECIPITATION; NEBRASKA; MODELS; CARBON AB Land surface models (LSMs) are often applied to predict the one-way coupling strength between surface soil moisture (SM) and latent heat (LH) flux. However, the ability of LSMs to accurately represent such coupling has not been adequately established. Likewise, the estimation of SM/LH coupling strength using ground-based observational data is potentially compromised by the impact of independent SM and LH measurements errors. Here we apply a new statistical technique to acquire estimates of one-way SM/LH coupling strength which are nonbiased in the presence of random error using a triple collocation approach based on leveraging the simultaneous availability of independent SM and LH estimates acquired from (1) LSMs, (2) satellite remote sensing, and (3) ground-based observations. Results suggest that LSMs do not generally overestimate the strength of one-way surface SM/LH coupling. C1 [Crow, Wade T.; Lei, Fangni; Anderson, Martha C.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lei, Fangni] Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Hain, Christopher] ESSIC NOAA NESDIS, College Pk, MD USA. [Scott, Russell L.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Billesbach, David] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE USA. [Arkebauer, Timothy] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Crow, WT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Wade.Crow@ars.usda.gov RI Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015 OI Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525 NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD OCT 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 20 BP 8415 EP 8423 DI 10.1002/2015GL065929 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CW1WL UT WOS:000364782500020 ER PT J AU Cheng, YX Wang, K Sappington, TW Luo, LZ Jiang, XF AF Cheng, Yunxia Wang, Kai Sappington, Thomas W. Luo, Lizhi Jiang, Xingfu TI Response of Reproductive Traits and Longevity of Beet Webworm to Temperature, and Implications for Migration SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Loxostege sticticalis; preoviposition period; reproduction; longevity; temperature ID LOXOSTEGE-STICTICALIS LEPIDOPTERA; TOBACCO BUDWORM LEPIDOPTERA; NORTHERN CHINA; NOCTUIDAE; OVIPOSITION; PYRALIDAE; MOTH; FECUNDITY; RELEASE; INSECT AB Beet webworm, Loxostege sticticalis (L.) is a facultative long-distance migratory insect pest in many regions between 36 degrees and 55 degrees N latitude. The outbreaks of larvae are closely related to temperatures encountered by the immigrant adult. But mechanisms linking population outbreaks and migration are not well understood. We investigated the effect of exposing adults to constant temperatures from 14 to 34 degrees C on mating, oviposition, and longevity. Our results showed that both mating percentage and frequency were highest at 22-26 degrees C and decreased at temperatures outside this optimal range. Time of night when mating began was delayed at higher temperatures, while mating duration progressively decreased with increasing temperature. Both preoviposition period (POP) and oviposition period decreased linearly with increasing temperature. Peak daily and lifetime fecundity were highest at 22-26 degrees C and declined at temperatures outside this range, suggesting that 22-26 degrees C is the optimal thermal range for oviposition. Adult longevity was negatively correlated with temperature. Males lived longer than females at lower temperatures, but females lived longer than males in the 30-34 degrees C treatments. Together, our findings suggest that reproduction occurs when the prevailing temperature is around 22-26 degrees C, and that migratory flight is favored outside this range via increases in POP and proportion of virgins. We predict that larval damage or outbreaks of L. sticticalis will occur only in areas where the prevailing temperature is around 22-26 degrees C, which provides a key basis for the prediction of population outbreaks in areas of immigration. C1 [Cheng, Yunxia; Wang, Kai; Luo, Lizhi; Jiang, Xingfu] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Sappington, Thomas W.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Luo, LZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM lzluo@ippcaas.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31301656, 31371947]; Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest [201303057, 201403031]; International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China [2014DFR31250] FX This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 31301656; 31371947), Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303057; 201403031), and International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (2014DFR31250). NR 34 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1536-2442 EI 2250-2645 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD OCT 28 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 154 DI 10.1093/jisesa/iev135 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CV5KP UT WOS:000364309400004 ER PT J AU Wiersema, JH McNeill, J Turland, NJ Orli, SS Wagner, WL AF Wiersema, John H. McNeill, John Turland, Nicholas J. Orli, Sylvia S. Wagner, Warren L. TI The foundation of the Melbourne Code Appendices: Announcing a new paradigm for tracking nomenclatural decisions SO TAXON LA English DT Article DE Algae; Angiospermae; angiosperms; binding decisions; Bryophyta; bryophytes; conservation proposals; conserved types; Fossil plants; Fungi; Gymnospermae; gymnosperms; nomenclature database; Pteridophyta; pteridophytes; rejection proposals; Spermatophyta; spermatophytes; suppressed works AB A newly expanded digital resource exists for tracking decisions on all nomenclature proposals potentially contributing to Appendices II-VIII of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. This system owes its origins to the Smithsonian Institution's "Proposals and Disposals" website created by Dan H. Nicolson to track conservation/rejection proposals, but now also treats proposals to suppress works or requests for binding decisions. The new resource was created to accommodate the steadily expanding content of the Appendices in relation to the main body of the Code. A database is now available to generate these Appendices, as has been done for the Melbourne Code. A web interface allows users to query database content in various ways to review proposal histories or to extract all or part of the Appendices. An analysis of the underlying data was conducted to make comparisons between proposals submitted for the various editions of the Code. These include the type of nomenclatural remedy sought, the major group concerned, the numbers of names involved, the timeliness of the proposal evaluation process, the proposal success rate, and the diversity of proposal authorship. The success of proposals was also evaluated by the type of remedy sought and by major groups. C1 [Wiersema, John H.] ARS, USDA, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [McNeill, John] Royal Bot Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Midlothian, Scotland. [McNeill, John] Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. [Turland, Nicholas J.] Bot Garten, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Turland, Nicholas J.] Bot Museum Berlin Dahlem, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Orli, Sylvia S.; Wagner, Warren L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Wiersema, JH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr BARC West, Bldg 003, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM john.wiersema@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD OCT 28 PY 2015 VL 64 IS 5 BP 1021 EP 1027 DI 10.12705/645.11 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA CU9RY UT WOS:000363884000011 ER PT J AU Altenbach, SB Tanaka, CK Pineau, F Lupi, R Drouet, M Beaudouin, E Morisset, M Denery-Papini, S AF Altenbach, Susan B. Tanaka, Charlene K. Pineau, Florence Lupi, Roberta Drouet, Martine Beaudouin, Etienne Morisset, Martine Denery-Papini, Sandra TI Assessment of the Allergenic Potential of Transgenic Wheat (Triticum aestivum) with Reduced Levels of omega 5-Gliadins, the Major Sensitizing Allergen in Wheat-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE food allergy; gliadins; gene silencing; gluten proteins; immunoblots; RNA interference; Triticum aestivum; WDEIA; wheat ID WEIGHT GLUTENIN SUBUNITS; IGE-BINDING EPITOPE; FOOD ALLERGY; OMEGA-5 GLIADIN; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; PROTEINS; FLOUR; IDENTIFICATION; REACTIVITY; ENDOSPERM AB The omega 5-gliadins are the major sensitizing allergens in wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA). In this study, two-dimensional immunoblot analysis was used to assess the allergenic potential of two transgenic wheat lines in which omega 5-gliadin genes were silenced by RNA interference. Sera from 7 of 11 WDEIA patients showed greatly reduced levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity to omega 5-gliadins in both transgenic lines. However, these sera also showed low levels of reactivity to other gluten proteins. Sera from three patients showed the greatest reactivity to proteins other than omega 5-gliadins, either high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs), alpha-gliadins, or non-gluten proteins. The complexity of immunological responses among these patients suggests that flour from the transgenic lines would not be suitable for individuals already diagnosed with WDEIA. However, the introduction of wheat lacking omega 5-gliadins could reduce the number of people sensitized to these proteins and thereby decrease the overall incidence of this serious food allergy. C1 [Altenbach, Susan B.; Tanaka, Charlene K.] ARS, Westem Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Pineau, Florence; Lupi, Roberta; Denery-Papini, Sandra] INRA, Biopolymers UR1268, Interact, Assemblies, F-44316 Nantes 03, France. [Drouet, Martine] CHU Angers, Unite Allergol Gen & Pneumol, F-49933 Angers, France. [Beaudouin, Etienne] Ctr Hosp Epinal, Serv Allergol, F-88021 Epinal, France. [Morisset, Martine] Ctr Hosp Luxembourg, Immunol Allergol, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg. RP Altenbach, SB (reprint author), ARS, Westem Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM susan.altenbach@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS Current Research Information System (CRIS) Project [5325-43000-028-00D] FX Research was funded by USDA-ARS Current Research Information System (CRIS) Project 5325-43000-028-00D. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of a specific product name by the USDA does not constitute an endorsement and does not imply a recommendation over other suitable products. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 28 PY 2015 VL 63 IS 42 BP 9323 EP 9332 DI 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03557 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA CV0DF UT WOS:000363916900013 PM 26447559 ER PT J AU Jiang, H Yi, J Boavida, LC Chen, Y Becker, JD Kohler, C McCormick, S AF Jiang, Hua Yi, Jun Boavida, Leonor C. Chen, Yuan Becker, Joerg D. Kohler, Claudia McCormick, Sheila TI Intercellular communication in Arabidopsis thaliana pollen discovered via AHG3 transcript movement from the vegetative cell to sperm SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE pollen; sperm; mRNA transport; protein phosphatase 2C; vegetative nucleus ID GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; TO-CELL; PLANTS; LOCALIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSFORMATION; FERTILIZATION; PROMOTERS AB An Arabidopsis pollen grain (male gametophyte) consists of three cells: the vegetative cell, which forms the pollen tube, and two sperm cells enclosed within the vegetative cell. It is still unclear if there is intercellular communication between the vegetative cell and the sperm cells. Here we show that ABA-hypersensitive germination3 (AHG3), encoding a protein phosphatase, is specifically transcribed in the vegetative cell but predominantly translated in sperm cells. We used a series of deletion constructs and promoter exchanges to document transport of AHG3 transcripts from the vegetative cell to sperm and showed that their transport requires sequences in both the 5' UTR and the coding region. Thus, in addition its known role in transporting sperm during pollen tube growth, the vegetative cell also contributes transcripts to the sperm cells. C1 [Jiang, Hua; Yi, Jun; Chen, Yuan; McCormick, Sheila] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Jiang, Hua; Yi, Jun; Chen, Yuan; McCormick, Sheila] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jiang, Hua; Yi, Jun; Kohler, Claudia] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Uppsala BioCtr, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Jiang, Hua; Yi, Jun; Kohler, Claudia] Linnean Ctr Plant Biol, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Boavida, Leonor C.; Becker, Joerg D.] Inst Gulbenkian Ciencias, Plant Genom Lab, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal. RP Kohler, C (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Uppsala BioCtr, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. EM claudia.kohler@slu.se; sheilamc@berkeley.edu RI Becker, Jorg/A-5930-2011; Boavida, Leonor/A-5722-2011 OI Becker, Jorg/0000-0002-6845-6122; Boavida, Leonor/0000-0001-6555-0685 FU US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System Grant [5335-21000-030-00D]; European Research Council; Fundacao Ciencia e Tecnologia [EXPL/BIA-PLA/0244/2013] FX We thank Sarah Chan and Wonsang Tahk, participants in the University of California, Berkeley undergraduate research apprentice program, for technical assistance and Binglian Zheng, GuangWu, and Peng Qin for useful suggestions and comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System Grant 5335-21000-030-00D (to S.M.), by a European Research Council Starting Independent Researcher grant (to C.K.), and by Fundacao Ciencia e Tecnologia Grant EXPL/BIA-PLA/0244/2013 (to L.C.B.). NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 9 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 27 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 43 BP 13378 EP 13383 DI 10.1073/pnas.1510854112 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CU3WY UT WOS:000363458100070 PM 26466609 ER PT J AU Ivanov, YV Shariat, N Register, KB Linz, B Rivera, I Hu, K Dudley, EG Harvill, ET AF Ivanov, Yury V. Shariat, Nikki Register, Karen B. Linz, Bodo Rivera, Israel Hu, Kai Dudley, Edward G. Harvill, Eric T. TI A newly discovered Bordetella species carries a transcriptionally active CRISPR-Cas with a small Cas9 endonuclease SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Bordetella pseudohinzii; Type II CRISPR; Cas9; SpyCas9; Bacteria; Genome editing; Protospacer; GC-content; HGT ID ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; IN-VIVO; SYSTEMS; HINZII; RNA; CLASSIFICATION; ADAPTATION; EVOLUTION; AVIUM AB Background: Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated genes (cas) are widely distributed among bacteria. These systems provide adaptive immunity against mobile genetic elements specified by the spacer sequences stored within the CRISPR. Methods: The CRISPR-Cas system has been identified using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against other sequenced and annotated genomes and confirmed via CRISPRfinder program. Using Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR) and Sanger DNA sequencing, we discovered CRISPRs in additional bacterial isolates of the same species of Bordetella. Transcriptional activity and processing of the CRISPR have been assessed via RT-PCR. Results: Here we describe a novel Type II-C CRISPR and its associated genes-cas1, cas2, and cas9-in several isolates of a newly discovered Bordetella species. The CRISPR-cas locus, which is absent in all other Bordetella species, has a significantly lower GC-content than the genome-wide average, suggesting acquisition of this locus via horizontal gene transfer from a currently unknown source. The CRISPR array is transcribed and processed into mature CRISPR RNAs (crRNA), some of which have homology to prophages found in closely related species B. hinzii. Conclusions: Expression of the CRISPR-Cas system and processing of crRNAs with perfect homology to prophages present in closely related species, but absent in that containing this CRISPR-Cas system, suggest it provides protection against phage predation. The 3,117-bp cas9 endonuclease gene from this novel CRISPR-Cas system is 990 bp smaller than that of Streptococcus pyogenes, the 4,017-bp allele currently used for genome editing, and which may make it a useful tool in various CRISPR-Cas technologies. C1 [Ivanov, Yury V.; Linz, Bodo; Rivera, Israel; Hu, Kai; Harvill, Eric T.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Mol Immunol & Infect Dis, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Shariat, Nikki; Dudley, Edward G.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Mol Immunol & Infect Dis, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, Dept Food Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Register, Karen B.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Harvill, Eric T.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Lee Kong Chian Sch Med, Singapore 637551, Singapore. [Harvill, Eric T.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Environm Life Sci Engn, Singapore 637551, Singapore. RP Ivanov, YV (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Ctr Mol Immunol & Infect Dis, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, W213 Millennium Sci Complex, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM yvi1@psu.edu FU National Institutes of Health [GM083113, AI107016, AI116186, GM113681] FX We thank Ken Boschert for deriving, preserving, and providing B. pseudohinzii isolates for this study; Brian Faddis for additional information and helpful discussions; Liliana Losada, Lauren Brinkac, and JCVI staff for sequencing the genome of B. pseudohinzii. We thank William Boatwright for excellent technical assistance and David Alt, Lea Ann Hobbs and Allen Jensen at the NADC Genomics Unit for DNA sequence data. We thank ARS Culture (NRRL) Collection for preserving bacterial isolates used in this study. The study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants GM083113, AI107016, AI116186, GM113681 (to E.T.H.). NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 26 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 863 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-2028-9 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CU2UM UT WOS:000363379100003 PM 26502932 ER PT J AU Bushakra, JM Lewers, KS Staton, ME Zhebentyayeva, T Saski, CA AF Bushakra, Jill M. Lewers, Kim S. Staton, Margaret E. Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana Saski, Christopher A. TI Developing expressed sequence tag libraries and the discovery of simple sequence repeat markers for two species of raspberry (Rubus L.) SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Molecular markers; EST-SSR; Rubus idaeus; Rubus occidentalis; Microsatellites; Marker-assisted breeding; Marker transferability ID GDR GENOME DATABASE; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; BLACK-RASPBERRY; SSR MARKERS; LINKAGE MAP; CELL-PROLIFERATION; ROSACEAE GENOMICS; PRUNUS-PERSICA; EST-SSRS AB Background: Due to a relatively high level of codominant inheritance and transferability within and among taxonomic groups, simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are important elements in comparative mapping and delineation of genomic regions associated with traits of economic importance. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are a source of SSRs that can be used to develop markers to facilitate plant breeding and for more basic research across genera and higher plant orders. Methods: Leaf and meristem tissue from 'Heritage' red raspberry (Rubus idaeus) and 'Bristol' black raspberry (R. occidentalis) were utilized for RNA extraction. After conversion to cDNA and library construction, ESTs were sequenced, quality verified, assembled and scanned for SSRs. Primers flanking the SSRs were designed and a subset tested for amplification, polymorphism and transferability across species. ESTs containing SSRs were functionally annotated using the GenBank non-redundant (nr) database and further classified using the gene ontology database. Results: To accelerate development of EST-SSRs in the genus Rubus (Rosaceae), 1149 and 2358 cDNA sequences were generated from red raspberry and black raspberry, respectively. The cDNA sequences were screened using rigorous filtering criteria which resulted in the identification of 121 and 257 SSR loci for red and black raspberry, respectively. Primers were designed from the surrounding sequences resulting in 131 and 288 primer pairs, respectively, as some sequences contained more than one SSR locus. Sequence analysis revealed that the SSR-containing genes span a diversity of functions and share more sequence identity with strawberry genes than with other Rosaceous species. Conclusion: This resource of Rubus-specific, gene-derived markers will facilitate the construction of linkage maps composed of transferable markers for studying and manipulating important traits in this economically important genus. C1 [Bushakra, Jill M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Lewers, Kim S.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Staton, Margaret E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana; Saski, Christopher A.] Clemson Univ, Genom & Computat Biol Lab, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Lewers, KS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Bldg 010A,BARC West,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Kim.Lewers@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS Projects [8042-21220-254-00D, 2072-21220-002-00D]; Clemson University FX This project was funded by USDA-ARS Projects 8042-21220-254-00D and 2072-21220-002-00D, and by Clemson University. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 30 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD OCT 26 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 258 DI 10.1186/s12870-015-0629-8 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CU1NZ UT WOS:000363289900002 PM 26499487 ER PT J AU Park, SDE Magee, DA McGettigan, PA Teasdale, MD Edwards, CJ Lohan, AJ Murphy, A Braud, M Donoghue, MT Liu, Y Chamberlain, AT Rue-Albrecht, K Schroeder, S Spillane, C Tai, SS Bradley, DG Sonstegard, TS Loftus, BJ MacHugh, DE AF Park, Stephen D. E. Magee, David A. McGettigan, Paul A. Teasdale, Matthew D. Edwards, Ceiridwen J. Lohan, Amanda J. Murphy, Alison Braud, Martin Donoghue, Mark T. Liu, Yuan Chamberlain, Andrew T. Rue-Albrecht, Kevin Schroeder, Steven Spillane, Charles Tai, Shuaishuai Bradley, Daniel G. Sonstegard, Tad S. Loftus, Brendan J. MacHugh, David E. TI Genome sequencing of the extinct Eurasian wild aurochs, Bos primigenius, illuminates the phylogeography and evolution of cattle SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ancient DNA; Aurochs; Bos primigenius; Cattle; Domestication; Evolution; Genome; Hybridization ID DOMESTIC CATTLE; ANCIENT DNA; TAURINE CATTLE; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NEANDERTHAL GENOME; EUROPEAN AUROCHS; GENETIC-EVIDENCE; DAIRY-CATTLE; MILK-YIELD AB Background: Domestication of the now-extinct wild aurochs, Bos primigenius, gave rise to the two major domestic extant cattle taxa, B. taurus and B. indicus. While previous genetic studies have shed some light on the evolutionary relationships between European aurochs and modern cattle, important questions remain unanswered, including the phylogenetic status of aurochs, whether gene flow from aurochs into early domestic populations occurred, and which genomic regions were subject to selection processes during and after domestication. Here, we address these questions using whole-genome sequencing data generated from an approximately 6,750-year-old British aurochs bone and genome sequence data from 81 additional cattle plus genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data from a diverse panel of 1,225 modern animals. Results: Phylogenomic analyses place the aurochs as a distinct outgroup to the domestic B. taurus lineage, supporting the predominant Near Eastern origin of European cattle. Conversely, traditional British and Irish breeds share more genetic variants with this aurochs specimen than other European populations, supporting localized gene flow from aurochs into the ancestors of modern British and Irish cattle, perhaps through purposeful restocking by early herders in Britain. Finally, the functions of genes showing evidence for positive selection in B. taurus are enriched for neurobiology, growth, metabolism and immunobiology, suggesting that these biological processes have been important in the domestication of cattle. Conclusions: This work provides important new information regarding the origins and functional evolution of modern cattle, revealing that the interface between early European domestic populations and wild aurochs was significantly more complex than previously thought. C1 [Park, Stephen D. E.] IdentiGEN Ltd, Unit 2, Trinity Enterprise Ctr, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Magee, David A.; McGettigan, Paul A.; Rue-Albrecht, Kevin; MacHugh, David E.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Sch Agr & Food Sci, Anim Genom Lab, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Magee, David A.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Anim Sci, Storrs, CT 06029 USA. [Teasdale, Matthew D.; Bradley, Daniel G.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Smurfit Inst Genet, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Edwards, Ceiridwen J.] Univ Oxford Archaeol & Hist Art Res Lab, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [Lohan, Amanda J.; Murphy, Alison; Loftus, Brendan J.; MacHugh, David E.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Conway Inst Biomol & Biomed Res, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Braud, Martin; Donoghue, Mark T.; Spillane, Charles] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Nat Sci, Plant & AgriBiosci Res Ctr PABC, Genet & Biotechnol Lab, Galway, Ireland. [Liu, Yuan; Tai, Shuaishuai] BGI Shenzhen, Beishan Ind Zone, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Chamberlain, Andrew T.] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England. [Schroeder, Steven; Sonstegard, Tad S.] ARS, Anim Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sonstegard, Tad S.] Recombinetics Inc, St Paul, MN 55104 USA. [Loftus, Brendan J.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Sch Med, Dublin 4, Ireland. RP MacHugh, DE (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Sch Agr & Food Sci, Anim Genom Lab, Dublin 4, Ireland. EM david.machugh@ucd.ie OI Teasdale, Matthew David/0000-0002-7376-9975; Schroeder, Steven/0000-0001-9103-5150; Bradley, Daniel G/0000-0001-7335-7092; Rue-Albrecht, Kevin/0000-0003-3899-3872; Spillane, Charles/0000-0003-3318-323X; loftus, brendan/0000-0001-8871-8356 FU Science Foundation Ireland [SFI/08/IN.1/B2038]; Research Stimulus Grant from the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine [RSF 06 406]; European Union [KBBE-211602-MACROSYS]; UCD Wellcome Trust [097429/Z/11/Z]; European Research Council (ERC) [295729-CodeX] FX This research was supported by an Investigator Grant from Science Foundation Ireland (SFI/08/IN.1/B2038); a Research Stimulus Grant from the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (No: RSF 06 406); a European Union Framework 7 Project Grant (No: KBBE-211602-MACROSYS); the UCD Wellcome Trust funded Computational Infection Biology PhD Program (Grant no: 097429/Z/11/Z); and a European Research Council (ERC) Investigator Grant (295729-CodeX). We also thank Emma Finlay for provision of materials. NR 87 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 12 U2 53 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-6906 EI 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PD OCT 26 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 234 DI 10.1186/s13059-015-0790-2 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CU2WZ UT WOS:000363385700001 PM 26498365 ER PT J AU Luo, J Pan, YB Xu, LP Grisham, MP Zhang, H Que, YX AF Luo, Jun Pan, Yong-Bao Xu, Liping Grisham, Michael Paul Zhang, Hua Que, Youxiong TI Rational regional distribution of sugarcane cultivars in China SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; GGE-BIPLOT; MAIZE HYBRIDS; GENOTYPE; STABILITY; YIELD AB Knowing yield potential and yield stability of sugarcane cultivars is of significance in guiding sugarcane breeding and rationalising regional distribution of sugarcane cultivars. In the present study, a heritability-adjusted genotype main effect plus genotype x environment (HA-GGE) biplot program was used to analyze the cane and sucrose yields of 44 newly released sugarcane cultivars at eight pilot test sites. The cane and sucrose yields of nine cultivars were higher than those of the control cultivar ROC22. From the perspective of cane yield, cultivars FN 40 and YZ 06-407 were well adapted to a wider range of conditions and produced relatively high cane yields in several pilot sites. From the perspective of sucrose yield, cultivars LC 03-1137, FN 38, FN 41, MT 01-77 and LC 05-136 were well adapted to a wide range of conditions and produced relatively high sucrose yields. Based on these results, three high yielding and widely adapted cultivars, namely, FN 39, LC 05-136, and YZ 05-51 were recommended for production in three major Chinese sugarcane planting areas. The results will provide a theoretical basis for recommending the effective use and rational regional distribution of sugarcane cultivars in China. C1 [Luo, Jun; Xu, Liping; Zhang, Hua; Que, Youxiong] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Sugarcane Biol & Genet Breeding, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Pan, Yong-Bao; Grisham, Michael Paul] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP Xu, LP (reprint author), Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Sugarcane Biol & Genet Breeding, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. EM xlpmail@126.com; queyouxiong@126.com FU earmarked fund for the Modern Agriculture Technology of China [CARS-20]; Public Welfare Industrial Research Project of China [201003009-2]; 948 Program on the Introduction of International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technique of Department of Agriculture [2014-S18] FX This work was funded by the earmarked fund for the Modern Agriculture Technology of China (CARS-20), the Public Welfare Industrial Research Project of China (201003009-2) and the 948 Program on the Introduction of International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technique of Department of Agriculture (2014-S18). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 26 PY 2015 VL 5 AR 15721 DI 10.1038/srep15721 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CU3GA UT WOS:000363411000003 PM 26499905 ER PT J AU Aramrak, A Kidwell, KK Steber, CM Burke, IC AF Aramrak, Attawan Kidwell, Kimberlee K. Steber, Camille M. Burke, Ian C. TI Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of the homoeologous EPSP Synthase genes of allohexaploid wheat, Triticum aestivum (L.) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cloning; EPSP synthase; Glyphosate; Polyploid; TaEPSPS-4A1; TaEPSPS-7A1; TaEPSPS-7D1; Triticeae evolution; Triticum aestivum; Wheat ID GENOME EVOLUTION; GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; BREAD WHEAT; EXPRESSION; PCR; IDENTIFICATION; POLYPLOIDS; MARKERS; TREES AB Background: 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) is the sixth and penultimate enzyme in the shikimate biosynthesis pathway, and is the target of the herbicide glyphosate. The EPSPS genes of allohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum, AABBDD) have not been well characterized. Herein, the three homoeologous copies of the allohexaploid wheat EPSPS gene were cloned and characterized. Methods: Genomic and coding DNA sequences of EPSPS from the three related genomes of allohexaploid wheat were isolated using PCR and inverse PCR approaches from soft white spring "Louise'. Development of genome-specific primers allowed the mapping and expression analysis of TaEPSPS-7A1, TaEPSPS-7D1, and TaEPSPS-4A1 on chromosomes 7A, 7D, and 4A, respectively. Sequence alignments of cDNA sequences from wheat and wheat relatives served as a basis for phylogenetic analysis. Results: The three genomic copies of wheat EPSPS differed by insertion/deletion and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), largely in intron sequences. RT-PCR analysis and cDNA cloning revealed that EPSPS is expressed from all three genomic copies. However, TaEPSPS-4A1 is expressed at much lower levels than TaEPSPS-7A1 and TaEPSPS-7D1 in wheat seedlings. Phylogenetic analysis of 1190-bp cDNA clones from wheat and wheat relatives revealed that: 1) TaEPSPS-7A1 is most similar to EPSPS from the tetraploid AB genome donor, T. turgidum (99.7 % identity); 2) TaEPSPS-7D1 most resembles EPSPS from the diploid D genome donor, Aegilops tauschii (100 % identity); and 3) TaEPSPS-4A1 resembles EPSPS from the diploid B genome relative, Ae. speltoides (97.7 % identity). Thus, EPSPS sequences in allohexaploid wheat are preserved from the most two recent ancestors. The wheat EPSPS genes are more closely related to Lolium multiflorum and Brachypodium distachyon than to Oryza sativa (rice). Conclusions: The three related EPSPS homoeologues of wheat exhibited conservation of the exon/intron structure and of coding region sequence, but contained significant sequence variation within intron regions. The genome-specific primers developed will enable future characterization of natural and induced variation in EPSPS sequence and expression. This can be useful in investigating new causes of glyphosate herbicide resistance. C1 [Aramrak, Attawan; Kidwell, Kimberlee K.; Steber, Camille M.; Burke, Ian C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Steber, Camille M.] ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. RP Steber, CM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM csteber@wsu.edu; icburke@wsu.edu OI Steber, Camille/0000-0001-6255-7670 FU Washington State University Foundation; USDA-ARS FX The authors would like to thank members of the Burke and Steber laboratories for helpful advice and support, and thank Dr. Arron Carter for helpful comments on the manuscript. Thanks are due to Keiko Tuttle and Dr. Patricia Okubara for assistance with RT-qPCR and data analysis. Thanks are also due to Dr. Deven See for providing nullisomic-tetrasomic wheat lines and advice for their use. This research was supported by the Washington State University Foundation (to KKK and ICB), and by the USDA-ARS (to CMS). NR 50 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 15 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 23 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 844 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-2084-1 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CU2UF UT WOS:000363378400001 PM 26492960 ER PT J AU Yan, YY Yang, N Cheng, HH Song, JZ Qu, LJ AF Yan, Yiyuan Yang, Ning Cheng, Hans H. Song, Jiuzhou Qu, Lujiang TI Genome-wide identification of copy number variations between two chicken lines that differ in genetic resistance to Marek's disease SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Copy number variation; Chicken; Susceptibility; Marek's disease; MAPK signaling pathway; Next generation sequencing ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; LOCI AFFECTING SUSCEPTIBILITY; LAYER CHICKENS; STRUCTURAL VARIATION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; INBRED CHICKENS; VIRUS; EXPRESSION; PATHWAYS; BREEDS AB Background: Copy number variation (CNV) is a major source of genome polymorphism that directly contributes to phenotypic variation such as resistance to infectious diseases. Lines 63 and 72 are two highly inbred experimental chicken lines that differ greatly in susceptibility to Marek's disease (MD), and have been used extensively in efforts to identify the genetic and molecular basis for genetic resistance to MD. Using next generation sequencing, we present a genome-wide assessment of CNVs that are potentially associated with genetic resistance to MD. Methods: Three chickens randomly selected from each line were sequenced to an average depth of 20x. Two popular software, CNVnator and Pindel, were used to call genomic CNVs separately. The results were combined to obtain a union set of genomic CNVs in the two chicken lines. Results: A total of 5,680 CNV regions (CNVRs) were identified after merging the two datasets, of which 1,546 and 1,866 were specific to the MD resistant or susceptible line, respectively. Over half of the line-specific CNVRs were shared by 2 or more chickens, reflecting the reduced diversity in both inbred lines. The CNVRs fixed in the susceptible lines were significantly enriched in genes involved in MAPK signaling pathway. We also found 67 CNVRs overlapping with 62 genes previously shown to be strong candidates of the underlying genes responsible for the susceptibility to MD. Conclusions: Our findings provide new insights into the genetic architecture of the two chicken lines and additional evidence that MAPK signaling pathway may play an important role in host response to MD virus infection. The rich source of line-specific CNVs is valuable for future disease-related association studies in the two chicken lines. C1 [Yan, Yiyuan; Yang, Ning; Qu, Lujiang] China Agr Univ, Dept Anim Genet & Breeding, Coll Anim Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Hans H.] ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Song, Jiuzhou] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Qu, LJ (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Anim Genet & Breeding, Coll Anim Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM quluj@cau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31320103905]; National Scientific Supporting Projects of China [2011BAD28B03]; Beijing innovation team attached to poultry industry technology system (CARS-PSTP); National High Technology Development Plan of China [2011AA100305]; Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China [6132022] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31320103905), National Scientific Supporting Projects of China (2011BAD28B03), Beijing innovation team attached to poultry industry technology system (CARS-PSTP), the National High Technology Development Plan of China (2011AA100305) and Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (Grant No. 6132022). NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 23 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 843 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-2080-5 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CT8YL UT WOS:000363102700007 PM 26492869 ER PT J AU Strong, RA Hester, PY Eicher, SD Hu, JY Cheng, HW AF Strong, Rebecca A. Hester, Patricia Y. Eicher, Susan D. Hu, Jiaying Cheng, Heng-Wei TI The Effect of Cooled Perches on Immunological Parameters of Caged White Leghorn Hens during the Hot Summer Months SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL-TEMPERATURE; HETEROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO; HEAT-STRESS; LAYING HENS; BROILER-CHICKENS; T-CELLS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; NITRIC-OXIDE; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE AB The objective of this study was to determine if thermally cooled perches improve hen immunity during hot summer. White Leghorn pullets at 16 week of age were randomly assigned to 18 cages of 3 banks at 9 hens per cage. Each bank was assigned to 1 of the 3 treatments up to 32 week of age: 1) thermally cooled perches, 2) perches with ambient air, and 3) cages without perches. Hens were exposed to natural ambient temperatures from June through September 2013 in Indiana with a 4 h acute heat episode at 27.6 week of age. The packed cell volume, heterophil to lymphocyte (H/L) ratio, plasma concentrations of total IgG, and cytokines of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6, plus lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor were measured at both 27.6 and 32 week of age. The mRNA expressions of these cytokines, toll-like receptor-4, and inducible nitric oxide synthase were also examined in the spleen of 32 week-old hens. Except for H/L ratio, thermally cooled perches did not significantly improve currently measured immunological indicators. These results indicated that the ambient temperature of 2013 summer in Indiana (24 degrees C, 17.1 to 33.1 degrees C) was not high enough and the 4 h heat episode at 33.3 degrees C (32 to 34.6 degrees C) was insufficient in length to evoke severe heat stress in hens. However, cooled perch hens had a lower H/L ratio than both air perch hens and control hens at 27.6 week of age and it was still lower compared to control hens (P < 0.05, respectively) at 32 week of age. The lowered H/L ratio of cooled perch hens may suggest that they were able to cope with acute heat stress more effectively than control hens. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of thermally cooled perches on hen health under higher ambient temperatures. C1 [Strong, Rebecca A.; Hester, Patricia Y.; Hu, Jiaying] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Eicher, Susan D.; Cheng, Heng-Wei] USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Cheng, HW (reprint author), USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Heng-Wei.Cheng@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture Award [2013-67021-21094] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture Award No. 2013-67021-21094. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 108 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 23 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0141215 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0141215 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CU1VG UT WOS:000363309200077 PM 26495988 ER PT J AU Isbell, F Craven, D Connolly, J Loreau, M Schmid, B Beierkuhnlein, C Bezemer, TM Bonin, C Bruelheide, H de Luca, E Ebeling, A Griffin, JN Guo, QF Hautier, Y Hector, A Jentsch, A Kreyling, J Lanta, V Manning, P Meyer, ST Mori, AS Naeem, S Niklaus, PA Polley, HW Reich, PB Roscher, C Seabloom, EW Smith, MD Thakur, MP Tilman, D Tracy, BF van der Putten, WH van Ruijven, J Weigelt, A Weisser, WW Wilsey, B Eisenhauer, N AF Isbell, Forest Craven, Dylan Connolly, John Loreau, Michel Schmid, Bernhard Beierkuhnlein, Carl Bezemer, T. Martijn Bonin, Catherine Bruelheide, Helge de Luca, Enrica Ebeling, Anne Griffin, John N. Guo, Qinfeng Hautier, Yann Hector, Andy Jentsch, Anke Kreyling, Juergen Lanta, Vojtech Manning, Pete Meyer, Sebastian T. Mori, Akira S. Naeem, Shahid Niklaus, Pascal A. Polley, H. Wayne Reich, Peter B. Roscher, Christiane Seabloom, Eric W. Smith, Melinda D. Thakur, Madhav P. Tilman, David Tracy, Benjamin F. van der Putten, Wim H. van Ruijven, Jasper Weigelt, Alexandra Weisser, Wolfgang W. Wilsey, Brian Eisenhauer, Nico TI Biodiversity increases the resistance of ecosystem productivity to climate extremes SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID GRASSLAND PRODUCTIVITY; STABILITY; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; DROUGHT; POPULATION; VARIABILITY AB It remains unclear whether biodiversity buffers ecosystems against climate extremes, which are becoming increasingly frequent worldwide(1). Early results suggested that the ecosystem productivity of diverse grassland plant communities was more resistant, changing less during drought, and more resilient, recovering more quickly after drought, than that of depauperate communities(2). However, subsequent experimental tests produced mixed results(3-13). Here we use data from 46 experiments that manipulated grassland plant diversity to test whether biodiversity provides resistance during and resilience after climate events. We show that biodiversity increased ecosystem resistance for a broad range of climate events, including wet or dry, moderate or extreme, and brief or prolonged events. Across all studies and climate events, the productivity of low-diversity communities with one or two species changed by approximately 50% during climate events, whereas that of high-diversity communities with 16-32 species was more resistant, changing by only approximately 25%. By a year after each climate event, ecosystem productivity had often fully recovered, or overshot, normal levels of productivity in both high-and low-diversity communities, leading to no detectable dependence of ecosystem resilience on biodiversity. Our results suggest that biodiversity mainly stabilizes ecosystem productivity, and productivity-dependent ecosystem services, by increasing resistance to climate events. Anthropogenic environmental changes that drive biodiversity loss thus seem likely to decrease ecosystem stability(14), and restoration of biodiversity to increase it, mainly by changing the resistance of ecosystem productivity to climate events. C1 [Isbell, Forest; Seabloom, Eric W.; Tilman, David] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Craven, Dylan; Bruelheide, Helge; Roscher, Christiane; Thakur, Madhav P.; Weigelt, Alexandra; Eisenhauer, Nico] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Craven, Dylan; Thakur, Madhav P.; Weigelt, Alexandra; Eisenhauer, Nico] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Connolly, John] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Math & Stat, Ecol & Environm Modelling Grp, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Loreau, Michel] CNRS, Expt Ecol Stn, Ctr Biodivers Theory & Modelling, F-09200 Moulis, France. [Schmid, Bernhard; de Luca, Enrica; Niklaus, Pascal A.] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Beierkuhnlein, Carl] Univ Bayreuth, BayCEER, Dept Biogeog, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. [Bezemer, T. Martijn; van der Putten, Wim H.] Netherlands Inst Ecol NIOO KNAW, Dept Terr Ecol, NL-6700 AB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Bonin, Catherine] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bruelheide, Helge] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biol, D-06108 Halle, Germany. [Ebeling, Anne] Univ Jena, Inst Ecol, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Griffin, John N.] Swansea Univ, Dept Biosci, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. [Guo, Qinfeng] USDA FS, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hautier, Yann] Univ Utrecht, Dept Biol, Ecol & Biodivers Grp, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. [Hector, Andy] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford OX1 3RB, England. [Jentsch, Anke] Univ Bayreuth, BayCEER, Disturbance Ecol, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. [Kreyling, Juergen] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Bot & Landscape Ecol, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany. [Lanta, Vojtech] Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Manning, Pete] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland. [Meyer, Sebastian T.; Weisser, Wolfgang W.] Tech Univ Munich, Sch Life Sci Weihenstephan, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Mori, Akira S.] Yokohama Natl Univ, Grad Sch Environm & Informat Sci, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan. [Naeem, Shahid] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Polley, H. Wayne] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Roscher, Christiane] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia. [Roscher, Christiane] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Community Ecol, D-06120 Halle, Germany. [Smith, Melinda D.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Smith, Melinda D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Tilman, David] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Tracy, Benjamin F.] Virginia Tech, Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [van der Putten, Wim H.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Nematol Lab, NL-6700 ES Wageningen, Netherlands. [van Ruijven, Jasper] Wageningen Univ, Nat Conservat & Plant Ecol Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Wilsey, Brian] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Isbell, F (reprint author), Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM isbell@umn.edu RI Manning, Peter/I-6523-2012; iDiv, Deutsches Zentrum/B-5164-2016; Weisser, Wolfgang/B-9718-2014; van der Putten, Wim/C-3707-2011; Craven, Dylan/K-2717-2012; Hautier, Yann/D-5426-2015; Smith, Melinda/J-8987-2014; Niklaus, Pascal/G-5786-2010; Eisenhauer, Nico/I-5932-2012; Bezemer, Martijn/A-4068-2009; Schmid, Bernhard/C-8625-2009; Hector, Andrew/H-4199-2011 OI Seabloom, Eric/0000-0001-6780-9259; Isbell, Forest/0000-0001-9689-769X; Wilsey, Brian J./0000-0002-0628-5006; Eisenhauer, Nico/0000-0002-0371-6720; Mori, Akira/0000-0002-8422-1198; Manning, Peter/0000-0002-7940-2023; Weisser, Wolfgang/0000-0002-2757-8959; van der Putten, Wim/0000-0002-9341-4442; Craven, Dylan/0000-0003-3940-833X; Hautier, Yann/0000-0003-4347-7741; Niklaus, Pascal/0000-0002-2360-1357; KNAW, NIOO-KNAW/0000-0002-3835-159X; Bezemer, Martijn/0000-0002-2878-3479; Schmid, Bernhard/0000-0002-8430-3214; Hector, Andrew/0000-0002-1309-7716 FU sDiv, the Synthesis Centre of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig [DFG FZT 118]; TULIP Laboratory of Excellence [ANR-10-LABX-41]; URPP Global Change and Biodiversity of the University of Zurich FX This paper is a product of the STABILITY group funded by sDiv, the Synthesis Centre of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig (DFG FZT 118). M.L. was supported by the TULIP Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-41). B.S. and P.A.N. were supported by the URPP Global Change and Biodiversity of the University of Zurich. NR 30 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 89 U2 354 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD OCT 22 PY 2015 VL 526 IS 7574 BP 574 EP U263 DI 10.1038/nature15374 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CV1NX UT WOS:000364026100050 PM 26466564 ER PT J AU Luo, J Pan, YB Que, YX Zhang, H Grisham, MP Xu, LP AF Luo, Jun Pan, Yong-Bao Que, Youxiong Zhang, Hua Grisham, Michael Paul Xu, Liping TI Biplot evaluation of test environments and identification of mega-environment for sugarcane cultivars in China SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID GGE-BIPLOT; TEST-LOCATIONS; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; MAIZE HYBRIDS; AMMI; REPRESENTATIVENESS; STABILITY; TRIALS AB Test environments and classification of regional ecological zones into mega environments are the two key components in regional testing of sugarcane cultivars. This study aims to provide the theoretical basis for test environment evaluation and ecological zone division for sugarcane cultivars. In the present study, sugarcane yield data from a three-year nationwide field trial involving 21 cultivars and 14 pilot test locations were analysed using both analysis of variance (ANOVA) and heritability adjusted-genotype main effect plus genotype-environment interaction (HA-GGE) biplot. The results showed that among the interactive factors, the GE interaction had the greatest impact, while the genotype and year interaction showed the lowest impact. Kaiyuan, Lincang and Baoshan of Yunnan, Zhangzhou and Fuzhou of Fujian, and Hechi, Liuzhou and Chongzuo of Guangxi, and Lingao of Hainan were ideal test environments with a demonstrated high efficiency in selecting new cultivars with a wide adaptability, whereas Baise of Guangxi was not. Based on HA-GGE biplot analysis, there are three ecological sugarcane production zones in China, the Southern China Inland Zone, the Southwestern Plateau Zone, and the Southern Coastal Zone. The HA-GGE biplot analysis here presents the ideal test environments and also identifies the mega-environment for sugarcane cultivars in China. C1 [Luo, Jun; Que, Youxiong; Zhang, Hua; Xu, Liping] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Sugarcane Biol & Genet Breeding, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Pan, Yong-Bao; Grisham, Michael Paul] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP Que, YX (reprint author), Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Sugarcane Biol & Genet Breeding, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. EM queyouxiong@126.com; xlpmail@126.com FU earmarked fund for the Modern Agriculture Technology of China [CARS-20]; Public Welfare Industrial Research Project of China [201003009-2]; 948 Program on the Introduction of International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technique of Department of Agriculture [2014-S18] FX This work was funded by the earmarked fund for the Modern Agriculture Technology of China (CARS-20), the Public Welfare Industrial Research Project of China (201003009-2) and the 948 Program on the Introduction of International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technique of Department of Agriculture (2014-S18). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 22 PY 2015 VL 5 AR 15505 DI 10.1038/srep15505 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT9KM UT WOS:000363135900001 PM 26489689 ER PT J AU Thacker, TC Palmer, MV Robbe-Austerman, S Stuber, TP Waters, WR AF Thacker, Tyler C. Palmer, Mitchell V. Robbe-Austerman, Suelee Stuber, Tod P. Waters, W. Ray TI Anatomical distribution of Mycobacterium bovis genotypes in experimentally infected white-tailed deer SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium bovis; Tuberculosis; White-tailed deer; Whole-genome sequencing; Genotype ID INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS VIEWER; WILDLIFE CURRENT STATUS; DNA-SEQUENCING DATA; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION; MICHIGAN; TRANSMISSION; VACCINATION; LYMPHATICS; FRAMEWORK AB Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) causes tuberculosis in white-tailed deer (WTD). Natural infection of WTD with M. bovis is most closely mimicked by instilling inoculum into palatine tonsillar crypts. One hundred fifty days after intratonsillar inoculation, M. bovis was cultured from 30 tissues originating from 14 deer. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on the original inoculum, single colonies subcultured from the original inoculum, and M. bovis isolated from each culture positive tissue. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were identified by comparing the derived sequences to the reference strain AF2122/97. Results indicate that the majority of the SNPs that were identified were homogeneous between the inoculum and the isolates from the tissues. The majority of individual tissues had different WGS genotypes from each other, suggesting that dissemination of M. bovis beyond the initial site of infection may require few mycobacteria representing a bottleneck. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Thacker, Tyler C.; Palmer, Mitchell V.; Waters, W. Ray] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Robbe-Austerman, Suelee; Stuber, Tod P.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Thacker, TC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM tyler.thacker@ars.usda.gov; mitchell.palmer@ars.usda.gov; suelee.robbe-austerman@aphis.usda.gov; tod.p.stuber@aphis.usda.gov; ray.waters@ars.usda.gov OI Thacker, Tyler/0000-0001-6779-7649 FU United States Department of Agriculture FX This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture. The authors thank Jessica Pollock, Shelly Zimmerman and Emma Frimml-Morgan for their expert technical work and the animal care staff at the National Animal Disease Center for their exemplary care of the animals. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 EI 1873-2542 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD OCT 22 PY 2015 VL 180 IS 1-2 BP 75 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.07.006 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA CS1XM UT WOS:000361862200011 PM 26243696 ER PT J AU Maroli, AS Nandula, VK Dayan, FE Duke, SO Gerard, P Tharayil, N AF Maroli, Amith S. Nandula, Vijay K. Dayan, Franck E. Duke, Stephen O. Gerard, Patrick Tharayil, Nishanth TI Metabolic Profiling and Enzyme Analyses Indicate a Potential Role of Antioxidant Systems in Complementing Glyphosate Resistance in an Amaranthus palmeri Biotype SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE nontargeted metabolomics; antioxidant enzymes; Amaranthus palmeri; herbicide resistance; reactive oxygen species (ROS); feruloylquinic acid; caffeoylquinic acid ID AMMONIA-LYASE ACTIVITY; FREE AMINO-ACIDS; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; SHIKIMATE PATHWAY; HYDROXYPHENOLIC COMPOUNDS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GROWN SOYBEANS; PLANTS; PHENYLALANINE AB Metabolomics and biochemical assays were employed to identify physiological perturbations induced by a commercial formulation of glyphosate in susceptible (5) and resistant (R) biotypes of Amaranthus palmeri. At 8 h after treatment (HAT), compared to the respective water-treated control, cellular metabolism of both biotypes were similarly perturbed by glyphosate, resulting in abundance of most metabolites including shikimic acid, amino acids, organic acids and sugars. However, by 80 HAT the metabolite pool of glyphosate-treated R-biotype was similar to that of the control S- and R-biotypes, indicating a potential physiological recovery. Furthermore, the glyphosate-treated R-biotype had lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage, higher ROS scavenging activity, and higher levels of potential antioxidant compounds derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. Thus, metabolomics, in conjunction with biochemical assays, indicate that glyphosate-induced metabolic perturbations are not limited to the shikimate pathway, and the oxidant quenching efficiency could potentially complement the glyphosate resistance in this R-biotype. C1 [Maroli, Amith S.; Tharayil, Nishanth] Clemson Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Gerard, Patrick] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Nandula, Vijay K.] USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Dayan, Franck E.] USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Tharayil, N (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM ntharay@clemson.edu OI Tharayil, Nishanth /0000-0001-6866-0804; Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 FU NIH [5P206M10344] FX Statistical approaches for this research were partly supported by NIH Grant 5P206M10344 received by P.G. NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 21 PY 2015 VL 63 IS 41 BP 9199 EP 9209 DI 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04223 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA CU3QA UT WOS:000363438700027 PM 26329798 ER PT J AU Zhang, YX Ge, LQ Jiang, YP Lu, XL Li, X Stanley, D Song, QS Wu, JC AF Zhang, Yi-Xin Ge, Lin-Quan Jiang, Yi-Ping Lu, Xiu-Li Li, Xin Stanley, David Song, Qi-Sheng Wu, Jin-Cai TI RNAi knockdown of acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene eliminates jinggangmycin-enhanced reproduction and population growth in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HEMIPTERA DELPHACIDAE; STAL HEMIPTERA; RICE; TRANSCRIPTOME; EXPRESSION; PESTICIDES; FECUNDITY; SYSTEM; CHINA AB A major challenge in ecology lies in understanding the coexistence of intraguild species, well documented at the organismal level, but not at the molecular level. This study focused on the effects of the antibiotic, jinggangmycin (JGM), a fungicide widely used in Asian rice agroecosystems, on reproduction of insects within the planthopper guild, including the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens and the white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera, both serious resurgence rice pests. JGM exposure significantly increased BPH fecundity and population growth, but suppressed both parameters in laboratory and field WBPH populations. We used digital gene expression and transcriptomic analyses to identify a panel of differentially expressed genes, including a set of up-regulated genes in JGM-treated BPH, which were down-regulated in JGM-treated WBPH. RNAi silencing of Acetyl Co-A carboxylase (ACC), highly expressed in JGM-treated BPH, reduced ACC expression (by >60%) and eliminated JGM-induced fecundity increases in BPH. These findings support our hypothesis that differences in ACC expression separates intraguild species at the molecular level. C1 [Zhang, Yi-Xin; Ge, Lin-Quan; Jiang, Yi-Ping; Lu, Xiu-Li; Li, Xin; Wu, Jin-Cai] Yangzhou Univ, Sch Plant Protect, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Stanley, David] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Insect Res Lab, Columbia, MO USA. [Song, Qi-Sheng] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Wu, JC (reprint author), Yangzhou Univ, Sch Plant Protect, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jincaiwu1952@sina.com FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [31371938, 31201507]; Ph.D. Advisor Fund of the Ministry of Education of China [20123250110008]; Jiangsu Province Agricultural Fund of Dependence Innovation [CX(14) 2025] FX This research was partially funded by The National Nature Science Foundation of China (31371938 and 31201507) and the Ph.D. Advisor Fund of the Ministry of Education of China (No. 20123250110008), and Jiangsu Province Agricultural Fund of Dependence Innovation (CX(14) 2025). NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 42 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 20 PY 2015 VL 5 AR 15360 DI 10.1038/srep15360 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT7YS UT WOS:000363032300002 PM 26482193 ER PT J AU Zhong, T Huang, R Sui, SY Lian, ZX Sun, XX Wan, AJ Li, HL AF Zhong, Tian Huang, Ran Sui, Siyao Lian, Zixuan Sun, Xiuxiu Wan, Ajun Li, Huili TI Effects of ultrasound treatment on lipid self-association and properties of methylcellulose/stearic acid blending films SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Methylcellulose; Stearic acid; Ultrasound treatment; Self-association; Blending film ID EDIBLE FILMS; FATTY-ACIDS; COATINGS; PROTEIN; PERMEABILITY; QUALITY AB The effects of ultrasound treatment (UT) on the properties of methylcellulose (MC)/stearic acid (SA) blending films were studied. Film-forming emulsions were prepared with different UT conditions and characterized with respect to viscosity. The lipid aggregation and distribution in the blending dispersions were studied by the micrographs of Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The micrographs of both surface and cross-section of the films were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (E), water vapor permeability (WVP) and contact angles of the resulting films were determined as well. The intensification of the UT condition led to a decrease of viscosity of the MC-SA blending emulsions, a more homogeneous lipid distribution and a denser internal microstructure of the resulting films. UT exposure affected the mechanical, moisture barrier and surface hydrophobic properties. The optimal values of both TS and E was obtained from the sample treated for 10 min and 180W power, while the sample treated for 10 min and 270W presented the lowest value of WVP. However, an excessive exposure of UT led to a decrease of the mechanical and moisture barrier performance. By observing and analyzing the SEM graphs and the contact angles of the film surfaces, it was found that UT within the appropriate bounds had a notably positive effect on improving the surface hydrophobic property of the MC-SA blending films. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhong, Tian; Huang, Ran] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Dept Chem, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Sui, Siyao] Jilin Univ, Sch Biol & Agr Engn, Changchun 130025, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Lian, Zixuan] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Sun, Xiuxiu] ARS, USDA, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Wan, Ajun] Tongji Univ, Natl Engn Res Ctr Facil Agr, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resources Reuse, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China. [Wan, Ajun; Li, Huili] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Pharm, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. RP Wan, AJ (reprint author), Tongji Univ, Natl Engn Res Ctr Facil Agr, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resources Reuse, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China. EM wanajun@tongji.edu.cn OI Lian, Zixuan/0000-0003-3830-8572; Huang, Ran/0000-0001-7778-0920 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51173104]; Nanotechnology Program of Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai [11nm0503500]; Innovation Funding for Overseas Young Postdocs from Shanghai Jiao Tong University [14X100030011] FX We acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51173104) the Nanotechnology Program of Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai (Grant No. 11nm0503500). Innovation Funding for Overseas Young Postdocs from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Grant No. 14X100030011) and we thank the Instrumental Analysis Center of SITU for the support of TEM characterizations. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD OCT 20 PY 2015 VL 131 BP 415 EP 423 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.026 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA CR2TN UT WOS:000361183600050 PM 26256202 ER PT J AU Xie, JL Hse, CY Shupe, TF Hu, TX AF Xie, Jiulong Hse, Chung-Yun Shupe, Todd F. Hu, Tingxing TI Physicochemical characterization of lignin recovered from microwave-assisted delignified lignocellulosic biomass for use in biobased materials SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE lignocellulosic biomass; lignin; microwave delignification; poly lactic acid ID ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; WHEAT-STRAW; PRETREATMENT; BLENDS; COMPOSITES; ETHANOL; BIRCH; ACID); WOOD AB Lignocellulosic biomass (Moso Bamboo, Chinese tallow tree wood, switchgrass, and pine wood) was subjected to a novel delignification process using microwave energy in a binary glycerol/methanol solvent. The physicochemical properties of the recovered lignin were analyzed prior to its application in the fabrication of polylactic acid (PLA)-lignin composites. The results showed that the samples had a high Klason lignin content (>75%) and retained their natural structure. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the recovered lignin exhibited a different thermal decomposition pattern from that of commercial lignins. All the recovered lignins had good solubility in common organic solvents (acetone, 1,4-dioxane, THF, DMSO, and ethanol/water) and 1 mol/L NaOH solution. The addition of lignin into the PLA matrix resulted in the improvement in tensile properties of PLA-lignin composites. PLA films with low lignin content had good UV light-resistant properties, indicating that the recovered lignin has potential in packaging of light-sensitive products. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42635. C1 [Xie, Jiulong; Hu, Tingxing] Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Wood Sci, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Xie, Jiulong; Shupe, Todd F.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resource, Louisiana Forest Prod Dev Ctr, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Hse, Chung-Yun] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Hu, TX (reprint author), Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Wood Sci, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, Peoples R China. EM tingxing_hu@163.com NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 66 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8995 EI 1097-4628 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD OCT 20 PY 2015 VL 132 IS 40 AR 42635 DI 10.1002/app.42635 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA CN7LI UT WOS:000358615600021 ER PT J AU Strimbeck, GR Schaberg, PG Fossdal, CG Schroder, WP Kjellsen, TD AF Strimbeck, G. Richard Schaberg, Paul G. Fossdal, Carl G. Schroder, Wolfgang P. Kjellsen, Trygve D. TI Extreme low temperature tolerance in woody plants SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE cold; frost; tolerance; hardiness; acclimation; hardening; biochemistry; vitirification ID SPRUCE PICEA-OBOVATA; BETULA-PUBESCENS EHRH.; PEACH PRUNUS-PERSICA; CORNUS-SERICEA L; COLD-ACCLIMATION; FREEZING TOLERANCE; FROST HARDINESS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; WINTER-HARDINESS; SEASONAL-CHANGES AB Woody plants in boreal to arctic environments and high mountains survive prolonged exposure to temperatures below 40 degrees C and minimum temperatures below 60 degrees C, and laboratory tests show that many of these species can also survive immersion in liquid nitrogen at 196 degrees C. Studies of biochemical changes that occur during acclimation, including recent proteomic and metabolomic studies, have identified changes in carbohydrate and compatible solute concentrations, membrane lipid composition, and proteins, notably dehydrins, that may have important roles in survival at extreme low temperature (ELT). Consideration of the biophysical mechanisms of membrane stress and strain lead to the following hypotheses for cellular and molecular mechanisms of survival at ELT: (1) Changes in lipid composition stabilize membranes at temperatures above the lipid phase transition temperature (-20 to 30 degrees C), preventing phase changes that result in irreversible injury. (2) High concentrations of oligosaccharides promote vitrification or high viscosity in the cytoplasm in freeze-dehydrated cells, which would prevent deleterious interactions between membranes. (3) Dehydrins bind membranes and further promote vitrification or act stearically to prevent membrane membrane interactions. C1 [Strimbeck, G. Richard; Kjellsen, Trygve D.] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway. [Schaberg, Paul G.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Burlington, VT USA. [Fossdal, Carl G.] Norwegian Forest & Landscape Inst, As, Norway. [Schroder, Wolfgang P.] Umea Univ, Dept Chem, Umea, Sweden. RP Strimbeck, GR (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway. EM richard.strimbeck@ntnu.no RI Fossdal, Carl Gunnar/C-5536-2008 NR 116 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 18 U2 81 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD OCT 19 PY 2015 VL 6 AR 884 DI 10.3389/fpls.2015.00884 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV5XM UT WOS:000364344800001 PM 26539202 ER PT J AU Cheng, HH Perumbakkam, S Pyrkosz, AB Dunn, JR Legarra, A Muir, WM AF Cheng, Hans H. Perumbakkam, Sudeep Pyrkosz, Alexis Black Dunn, John R. Legarra, Andres Muir, William M. TI Fine mapping of QTL and genomic prediction using allele-specific expression SNPs demonstrates that the complex trait of genetic resistance to Marek's disease is predominantly determined by transcriptional regulation SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Transcriptional regulation; Complex traits; Allele-specific expression; Disease resistance; Genetic architecture; Genomic selection ID VIRUS-INFECTION; CHICKEN; VIRULENCE; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; SELECTION; VACCINES; PROTEIN; SCREEN; UNIQUE AB Background: Marek's disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disease of poultry induced by Marek's disease virus (MDV), a highly oncogenic alphaherpesvirus. Identifying the underlying genes conferring MD genetic resistance is desired for more efficacious control measures including genomic selection, which requires accurately identified genetic markers throughout the chicken genome. Methods: Hypothesizing that variants located in transcriptional regulatory regions are the main mechanism underlying this complex trait, a genome-wide association study was conducted by genotyping a similar to 1,000 bird MD resource population derived from experimental inbred layers with SNPs containing 1,824 previously identified allele-specific expression (ASE) SNPs in response to MDV infection as well as 3,097 random SNPs equally spaced throughout the chicken genome. Based on the calculated associations, genomic predictions were determined for 200 roosters and selected sires had their progeny tested for Marek's disease incidence. Results: Our analyses indicate that these ASE SNPs account for more than 83 % of the genetic variance and exhibit nearly all the highest associations. To validate these findings, 200 roosters had their genetic merit predicted from the ASE SNPs only, and the top 30 and bottom 30 ranked roosters were reciprocally mated to random hens. The resulting progeny showed that after only one generation of bidirectional selection, there was a 22 % difference in MD incidence and this approach gave a 125 % increase in accuracy compared to current pedigree-based estimates. Conclusions: We conclude that variation in transcriptional regulation is the major driving cause for genetic resistance to MD, and ASE SNPs identify the underlying genes and are sufficiently linked to the causative polymorphisms that they can be used for accurate genomic prediction as well as help define the underlying molecular basis. Furthermore, this approach should be applicable to other complex traits. C1 [Cheng, Hans H.; Perumbakkam, Sudeep; Pyrkosz, Alexis Black; Dunn, John R.] ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Perumbakkam, Sudeep] Michigan State Univ, Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Legarra, Andres] INRA, Anim Genet, GenPhySE, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Muir, William M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM hans.cheng@ars.usda.gov RI Legarra, Andres/G-9451-2012 OI Legarra, Andres/0000-0001-8893-7620 FU National Research Initiative Competitive from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35205-18745] FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2008-35205-18745 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 19 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 816 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-2016-0 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CT8XX UT WOS:000363101300009 PM 26481588 ER PT J AU Yang, YZ Mao, LY Jittayasothorn, Y Kang, YM Jiao, C Fei, ZJ Zhong, GY AF Yang, Yingzhen Mao, Linyong Jittayasothorn, Yingyos Kang, Youngmin Jiao, Chen Fei, Zhangjun Zhong, Gan-Yuan TI Messenger RNA exchange between scions and rootstocks in grafted grapevines SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mRNA trafficking; Detection of mobile mRNAs; Genome-wide; mRNA exchange; Diagnostic SNP; Transmission rate; Grapevine; Graft genetics ID LONG-DISTANCE TRAFFICKING; PHLOEM-MOBILE; NICOTIANA-BENTHAMIANA; PARASITIC PLANT; TRANSPORT; POTATO; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS; MOVEMENT; GENOME AB Background: Grafting has been widely practiced for centuries in the propagation and production of many vegetable and fruit species. However, the underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms for how the graft partners interact with each other to produce a successful graft remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that genome-wide mRNA exchanges, which were recently documented in grafted model plant species, are a general phenomenon widely present in grafted plants, including those in vegetable and fruit species, and have specific genotype-and environment-dependent characteristics modulating plant performance. Methods: Using diagnostic SNPs derived from high throughput genome sequencing, we identified and characterized the patterns of genome-wide mRNA exchanges across graft junctions in grafted grapevines grown in the in vitro and field conditions. Results: We identified more than 3000 genes transporting mRNAs across graft junctions. These genes were involved in diverse biological processes and those involved in basic cellular, biosynthetic, catabolic, and metabolic activities, as well as responses to stress and signal transduction, were highly enriched. Field-grown mature grafts had much fewer genes transmitting mRNAs than the in vitro young grafts (987 vs. 2679). These mobile mRNAs could move directionally or bi-directionally between scions and rootstocks. The mRNA transmission rates of these genes were generally low, with 65 % or more having transmission rates lower than 0.01. Furthermore, genotypes, graft combinations and growth environments had impact on the directions of mRNA movement as well as the numbers and species of mRNAs being exchanged. Moreover, we found evidence for the presences of both passive and selective mechanisms underlying long distance mRNA trafficking in grafted grapevines. Conclusions: We extended the studies of mRNA exchanges in model species to grapevines and demonstrated that genomic-scale mRNA exchange across graft junctions occurred in grapevines in a passive or genotype and environment-dependent manner. C1 [Yang, Yingzhen; Jittayasothorn, Yingyos; Kang, Youngmin; Zhong, Gan-Yuan] ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Mao, Linyong; Jiao, Chen; Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] ARS, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Fei, ZJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM zf25@cornell.edu; ganyuan.zhong@ars.usda.gov OI Fei, Zhangjun/0000-0001-9684-1450 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project [8060-21220-006-00D] FX We wish to thank Dr. Terry Bates at the Fredonia Vineyard Laboratory of the Cornell University in Fredonia, New York for providing us access to the rootstock trial material and Drs. Doreen Ware and Jer-Ming Chia of United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York for helpful discussions at the early phase of the project. This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project 8060-21220-006-00D. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 33 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD OCT 19 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 251 DI 10.1186/s12870-015-0626-y PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CT7HB UT WOS:000362984400001 PM 26480945 ER PT J AU De Meyer, SE Parker, M Van Berkum, P Tian, R Seshadri, R Reddy, TBK Markowitz, V Ivanova, N Pati, A Woyke, T Kyrpides, N Howieson, J Reeve, W AF De Meyer, Sofie E. Parker, Matthew Van Berkum, Peter Tian, Rui Seshadri, Rekha Reddy, T. B. K. Markowitz, Victor Ivanova, Natalia Pati, Amrita Woyke, Tanja Kyrpides, Nikos Howieson, John Reeve, Wayne TI High-quality permanent draft genome sequence of the Mimosa asperata - nodulating Cupriavidus sp strain AMP6 SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Root-nodule bacteria; Nitrogen fixation; Betaproteobacteria; Texas; Mimosa asperata; GEBA-RNB ID NITROGEN-FIXATION; MICROBIAL GENOMES; BURKHOLDERIA; BACTERIA; SYMBIONTS; TAIWANENSIS; DIVERSITY; NODULES; LEGUMES; SYSTEM AB Cupriavidus sp. strain AMP6 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that was isolated from a root nodule of Mimosa asperata collected in Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Texas, in 2005. Mimosa asperata is the only legume described so far to exclusively associates with Cupriavidus symbionts. Moreover, strain AMP6 represents an early-diverging lineage within the symbiotic Cupriavidus group and has the capacity to develop an effective nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with three other species of Mimosa. Therefore, the genome of Cupriavidus sp. strain AMP6 enables comparative analyses of symbiotic trait evolution in this genus and here we describe the general features, together with sequence and annotation. The 7,579,563 bp high-quality permanent draft genome is arranged in 260 scaffolds of 262 contigs, contains 7,033 protein-coding genes and 97 RNA-only encoding genes, and is part of the GEBA-RNB project proposal. C1 [De Meyer, Sofie E.; Tian, Rui; Howieson, John; Reeve, Wayne] Murdoch Univ, Ctr Rhizobium Studies, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Parker, Matthew] SUNY Binghamton, New York, NY USA. [Van Berkum, Peter] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Seshadri, Rekha; Reddy, T. B. K.; Ivanova, Natalia; Pati, Amrita; Woyke, Tanja; Kyrpides, Nikos] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Markowitz, Victor] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Data Management & Technol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia. RP Reeve, W (reprint author), Murdoch Univ, Ctr Rhizobium Studies, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. EM W.Reeve@murdoch.edu.au RI Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; Fac Sci, KAU, Biol Sci Dept/L-4228-2013; OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Ivanova, Natalia/0000-0002-5802-9485 FU US Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program; University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06NA25396] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-06NA25396. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PD OCT 16 PY 2015 VL 10 AR 80 DI 10.1186/s40793-015-0074-1 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA DA7QQ UT WOS:000367999500002 PM 26478786 ER PT J AU Craig, EC Dorr, BS Hanson-Dorr, KC Sparks, JP Curtis, PD AF Craig, Elizabeth C. Dorr, Brian S. Hanson-Dorr, Katie C. Sparks, Jed P. Curtis, Paul D. TI Isotopic Discrimination in the Double-Crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE STABLE ISOTOPES; CARBON ISOTOPES; MIXING MODELS; GREAT-LAKES; FOOD WEBS; BIRDS; DIET; FISHERIES; POPULATIONS; NITROGEN AB The diet-tissue discrimination factor is the amount by which a consumer's tissue varies isotopically from its diet, and is therefore a key element in models that use stable isotopes to estimate diet composition. In this study we measured discrimination factors in blood (whole blood, red blood cells and plasma), liver, muscle and feathers of Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) for stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur. Cormorants exhibited discrimination factors that differed significantly among tissue types (for carbon and nitrogen), and differed substantially (in the context of the isotopic variation among relevant prey species) from those observed in congeneric species. The Double-crested Cormorant has undergone rapid population expansion throughout much of its historic range over the past three decades, leading to both real and perceived conflicts with fisheries throughout North America, and this study provides an essential link for the use of stable isotope analysis in researching foraging ecology, diet, and resource use of this widespread and controversial species. C1 [Craig, Elizabeth C.] Cornell Univ, Field Zool & Wildlife Conservat, Ithaca, NY 10021 USA. [Dorr, Brian S.; Hanson-Dorr, Katie C.] USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi Field Stn, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Sparks, Jed P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 10021 USA. [Curtis, Paul D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 10021 USA. RP Craig, EC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Field Zool & Wildlife Conservat, Ithaca, NY 10021 USA. EM ecc79@cornell.edu OI Hanson-Dorr, Katie/0000-0003-4559-938X FU United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, MS Field Station; Berryman Institute; [62383] FX This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, MS Field Station (http://www.aphis.usda.gov/wps/portal/aphis/ourfocus/wildlifedamage/sa_p rograms/sa_nwrc/sa_field/ct_mississippi/!ut/p/a0/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0v MAfGjzOK9_D2MDJ0MjDzd3V2dDDz93HwCzL29jAwMTfQLsh0VAXWczqE!/). Funding was received by PDC and ECC (Grant #62383). These funders participated in study design, data collection, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript; and provided facilities, staff, and funding to support capture and care of cormorants for this study. This work was also funded by Berryman Institute (http://www.berrymaninstitute.org/). Funding was received by ECC. These funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 23 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 16 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0140946 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0140946 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CU0DF UT WOS:000363185500134 PM 26473353 ER PT J AU Kumar, A Seetan, R Mergoum, M Tiwari, VK Iqbal, MJ Wang, Y Al-Azzam, O Simkova, H Luo, MC Dvorak, J Gu, YQ Denton, A Kilian, A Lazo, GR Kianian, SF AF Kumar, Ajay Seetan, Raed Mergoum, Mohamed Tiwari, Vijay K. Iqbal, Muhammad J. Wang, Yi Al-Azzam, Omar Simkova, Hana Luo, Ming-Cheng Dvorak, Jan Gu, Yong Q. Denton, Anne Kilian, Andrzej Lazo, Gerard R. Kianian, Shahryar F. TI Radiation hybrid maps of the D-genome of Aegilops tauschii and their application in sequence assembly of large and complex plant genomes SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Aegilops tauschii; Deletion; Physical mapping; Radiation hybrid mapping; Sequence assembly; Wheat ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; CHROMOSOME 3B; DRAFT GENOME; PHYSICAL MAP; WHEAT GENOME; POPULATION; PROGENITOR; MARKERS; GENE; DART AB Background: The large and complex genome of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., similar to 17 Gb) requires high resolution genome maps with saturated marker scaffolds to anchor and orient BAC contigs/sequence scaffolds for whole genome assembly. Radiation hybrid (RH) mapping has proven to be an excellent tool for the development of such maps for it offers much higher and more uniform marker resolution across the length of the chromosome compared to genetic mapping and does not require marker polymorphism per se, as it is based on presence (retention) vs. absence (deletion) marker assay. Methods: In this study, a 178 line RH panel was genotyped with SSRs and DArT markers to develop the first high resolution RH maps of the entire D-genome of Ae. tauschii accession AL8/78. To confirm map order accuracy, the AL8/78-RH maps were compared with: 1) a DArT consensus genetic map constructed using more than 100 biparental populations, 2) a RH map of the D-genome of reference hexaploid wheat 'Chinese Spring', and 3) two SNP-based genetic maps, one with anchored D-genome BAC contigs and another with anchored D-genome sequence scaffolds. Using marker sequences, the RH maps were also anchored with a BAC contig based physical map and draft sequence of the D-genome of Ae. tauschii. Results: A total of 609 markers were mapped to 503 unique positions on the seven D-genome chromosomes, with a total map length of 14,706.7 cR. The average distance between any two marker loci was 29.2 cR which corresponds to 2.1 cM or 9.8 Mb. The average mapping resolution across the D-genome was estimated to be 0.34 Mb (Mb/cR) or 0.07 cM (cM/cR). The RH maps showed almost perfect agreement with several published maps with regard to chromosome assignments of markers. The mean rank correlations between the position of markers on AL8/78 maps and the four published maps, ranged from 0.75 to 0.92, suggesting a good agreement in marker order. With 609 mapped markers, a total of 2481 deletions for the whole D-genome were detected with an average deletion size of 42.0 Mb. A total of 520 markers were anchored to 216 Ae. tauschii sequence scaffolds, 116 of which were not anchored earlier to the D-genome. Conclusion: This study reports the development of first high resolution RH maps for the D-genome of Ae. tauschii accession AL8/78, which were then used for the anchoring of unassigned sequence scaffolds. This study demonstrates how RH mapping, which offered high and uniform resolution across the length of the chromosome, can facilitate the complete sequence assembly of the large and complex plant genomes. C1 [Kumar, Ajay; Mergoum, Mohamed; Iqbal, Muhammad J.; Kianian, Shahryar F.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Seetan, Raed; Al-Azzam, Omar; Denton, Anne] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Seetan, Raed] Slippery Rock Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Slippery Rock, PA 16057 USA. [Tiwari, Vijay K.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Iqbal, Muhammad J.; Luo, Ming-Cheng; Dvorak, Jan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wang, Yi; Gu, Yong Q.; Lazo, Gerard R.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Al-Azzam, Omar] St Cloud State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. [Simkova, Hana] Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. [Simkova, Hana] VF Kuprevich Expt Bot Inst, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. [Kilian, Andrzej] Divers Arrays Technol Pty Ltd, Yarralumla, ACT 2600, Australia. [Kianian, Shahryar F.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Kianian, SF (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Shahryar.Kianian@ars.usda.gov RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009 OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052 FU National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) [IOS-0822100]; Czech Science Foundation [P501/12/2554] FX The authors wish to thank Justin Hegstad and Allen Peckrul for assistance in the development of RH panel and capable technical support throughout the research. This work was supported by funding from the National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) grant No. IOS-0822100 to SFK. HS was partially supported by the Czech Science Foundation (award No. P501/12/2554). NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 16 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 800 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-2030-2 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CT5QW UT WOS:000362866400002 PM 26475137 ER PT J AU Sun, JJ Aswath, K Schroeder, SG Lippolis, JD Reinhardt, TA Sonstegard, TS AF Sun, Jiajie Aswath, Kshama Schroeder, Steven G. Lippolis, John D. Reinhardt, Timothy A. Sonstegard, Tad S. TI MicroRNA expression profiles of bovine milk exosomes in response to Staphylococcus aureus infection SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Bovine; Exosome; Milk; miRNA; Mastitis ID HUMAN BREAST-MILK; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; MAMMARY-GLAND; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; IDENTIFICATION; TARGET; CELLS; LACTATION AB Background: Milk exosomes are a rich source of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are protected from degradation. Ingestion of milk and subsequent absorption of miRNAs into recipient cells by endocytosis may play a role in the regulation of neonatal innate and adaptive immunity. In contrast, the miRNA content of milk exosomes may also be indicative of a lactating animal's health; whereby, the presence or absence of specific miRNAs could serve as biomarkers for early detection of bacterial infection that can lead to mastitis. In the present study, we therefore analyzed and compared miRNA expression profiles of milk exosomes from four Holstein cows obtained during mid-lactation prior to and after infection (48 h) of the mammary gland with Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Milk exosomes, purified from control and S. aureus infected cows, were extracted for RNA. Following preparation indexed libraries from both groups the samples were subjected to next generation sequencing. Results: Next generation sequencing of eight, unpooled small RNA libraries derived from milk exosomes produced about 60.5 million high-quality, bovine-specific sequence reads for comparison of miRNA expression between treatments. Sequence identity analysis showed the miRNAs make up about 13 % of the average RNA content of these exosomes. Although 417 known bovine miRNAs were identified, miRNAs represented the least diverse class of RNA accounting for only 1 % of all unique sequences. The 20 most prevalent unique sequences within this class accounted for about 90 % of the total miRNA-associated reads across samples. Non-annotated, unique reads provided evidence for another 303 previously unknown bovine miRNAs. Expression analyses found 14 known bovine microRNAs significantly differed in frequency between exosomes from infected and control animals. Conclusions: Our survey of miRNA expression from uninfected milk exosomes and those produced in response to infection provides new and comprehensive information supporting a role for delivery into milk of specific miRNAs involved in immune response. In particular, bta-miR-142-5p, and -223 are potential biomarkers for early detection of bacterial infection of the mammary gland. Additionally, 22 mammary-expressed genes involved in regulation of host immune processes and response to inflammation were identified as potential binding targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs. C1 [Sun, Jiajie; Schroeder, Steven G.; Sonstegard, Tad S.] USDA ARS, Anim Genom & Improvement Lab, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Aswath, Kshama] George Mason Univ, Sch Syst Biol, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. [Lippolis, John D.; Reinhardt, Timothy A.] USDA ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Sonstegard, Tad S.] Acceligen Inc, St Paul, MN 55104 USA. RP Reinhardt, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM tim.reinhardt@ars.usda.gov OI Schroeder, Steven/0000-0001-9103-5150 FU [1245-31000-104-00D]; [5030-32000-102-00] FX Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The contribution by scientists in the Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory and the National Animal Disease Center are supported by appropriated projects 1245-31000-104-00D and 5030-32000-102-00, respectively. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 23 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 16 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 806 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-2044-9 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CT5QW UT WOS:000362866400008 PM 26475455 ER PT J AU He, YH Ding, Y Zhan, F Zhang, HM Han, B Hu, GQ Zhao, KJ Yang, N Yu, Y Mao, L Song, JZ AF He, Yanghua Ding, Yi Zhan, Fei Zhang, Huanmin Han, Bo Hu, Gangqing Zhao, Keji Yang, Ning Yu, Ying Mao, Li Song, Jiuzhou TI The conservation and signatures of lincRNAs in Marek's disease of chicken SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID LONG NONCODING RNAS; GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN GENOME; TRANSCRIBED REGIONS; CHROMATIN; REVEALS; SEQ; EVOLUTION; DIFFERENTIATION; ANNOTATION AB Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) associated with a number of cancers and other diseases have been identified in mammals, but they are still formidable to be comprehensively identified and characterized. Marek's disease (MD) is a T cell lymphoma of chickens induced by Marek's disease virus (MDV). Here, we used a MD chicken model to develop a precise pipeline for identifying lincRNAs and to determine the roles of lincRNAs in T cell tumorigenesis. More than 1,000 lincRNA loci were identified in chicken bursa. Computational analyses demonstrated that lincRNAs are conserved among different species such as human, mouse and chicken. The putative lincRNAs were found to be associated with a wide range of biological functions including immune responses. Interestingly, we observed distinct lincRNA expression signatures in bursa between MD resistant and susceptible lines of chickens. One of the candidate lincRNAs, termed linc-satb1, was found to play a crucial role in MD immune response by regulating a nearby protein-coding gene SATB1. Thus, our results manifested that lincRNAs may exert considerable influence on MDV-induced T cell tumorigenesis and provide a rich resource for hypothesis-driven functional studies to reveal genetic mechanisms underlying susceptibility to tumorigenesis. C1 [He, Yanghua; Ding, Yi; Zhan, Fei; Song, Jiuzhou] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zhang, Huanmin] ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Hu, Gangqing; Zhao, Keji] NHLBI, Syst Biol Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Han, Bo; Yang, Ning; Yu, Ying] China Agr Univ, Dept Anim Genet & Breeding, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Anim Breeding, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Mao, Li] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Dept Oncol & Diagnost Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Song, JZ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM songj88@umd.edu FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grant from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [USDA-NRI/NIFA 2010-65205-20588]; China National Science Foundations International Program Competitive Grant [21023130] FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant (No. USDA-NRI/NIFA 2010-65205-20588) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and by the China National Science Foundations International Program Competitive Grant (No. 21023130). NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 16 PY 2015 VL 5 AR 15184 DI 10.1038/srep15184 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT5SP UT WOS:000362871500001 PM 26471251 ER PT J AU Lozier, JD Cameron, SA Duennes, MA Strange, JP Williams, PH Goulson, D Brown, MJF Morales, C Jepsen, S AF Lozier, Jeffrey D. Cameron, Sydney A. Duennes, Michelle A. Strange, James P. Williams, Paul H. Goulson, David Brown, Mark J. F. Morales, Carolina Jepsen, Sarina TI Relocation risky for bumblebee colonies SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID BEES C1 [Lozier, Jeffrey D.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Cameron, Sydney A.; Duennes, Michelle A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Strange, James P.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Williams, Paul H.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Goulson, David] Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Evolut Behav & Environm, Falmer BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England. [Brown, Mark J. F.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Sch Biol Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. [Morales, Carolina] Univ Nacl Comahue, CONICET, INIBIOMA, Lab Ecotono, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Jepsen, Sarina] Xerces Soc Invertebrate Conservat, Portland, OR 97232 USA. RP Lozier, JD (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM jlozier@ua.edu RI Goulson, Dave/A-2462-2010 OI Goulson, Dave/0000-0003-4421-2876 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 39 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 16 PY 2015 VL 350 IS 6258 BP 286 EP 287 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT5HD UT WOS:000362838700029 PM 26472900 ER PT J AU Kerr, JT Pindar, A Galpern, P Packer, L Potts, SG Roberts, SM Rasmont, P Schweiger, O Colla, SR Richardson, LL Wagner, DL Gall, LF Sikes, DS Pantoja, A AF Kerr, Jeremy T. Pindar, Alana Galpern, Paul Packer, Laurence Potts, Simon G. Roberts, Stuart M. Rasmont, Pierre Schweiger, Oliver Colla, Sheila R. Richardson, Leif L. Wagner, David L. Gall, Lawrence F. Sikes, Derek S. Pantoja, Alberto TI Relocation risky for bumblebee colonies Response SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ASSISTED MIGRATION; MANAGED RELOCATION; DEBATE C1 [Kerr, Jeremy T.; Pindar, Alana] Univ Ottawa, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Galpern, Paul] Univ Calgary, Fac Environm Design, Calgary, AB T2N 1N, Canada. [Packer, Laurence] York Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Potts, Simon G.; Roberts, Stuart M.] Univ Reading, Sch Agr Policy & Dev, Reading RG6 6AR, Berks, England. [Rasmont, Pierre] Univ Mons, Dept Zool, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Schweiger, Oliver] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Community Ecol, D-06120 Halle, Germany. [Colla, Sheila R.] Wildlife Preservat Canada, Guelph, ON N1H 6J2, Canada. [Richardson, Leif L.] Univ Vermont, Gund Inst, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Wagner, David L.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Gall, Lawrence F.] Yale Univ, Peabody Museum Nat Hist, Div Entomol, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Sikes, Derek S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Univ Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Pantoja, Alberto] ARS, USDA, Subarctic Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Kerr, JT (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. EM jkerr@uottawa.ca RI Schweiger, Oliver/B-4909-2008; OI Schweiger, Oliver/0000-0001-8779-2335; Pindar, Alana/0000-0002-4273-3267 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 44 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 16 PY 2015 VL 350 IS 6258 BP 287 EP 287 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT5HD UT WOS:000362838700030 PM 26472901 ER PT J AU McComb, JQ Han, FXX Rogers, C Thomas, C Arslan, Z Ardeshir, A Tchounwou, PB AF McComb, Jacqueline Q. Han, Fengxiang X. Rogers, Christian Thomas, Catherine Arslan, Zikri Ardeshir, Adeli Tchounwou, Paul B. TI Trace elements and heavy metals in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Reserve in the northern Gulf of Mexico SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Environmental impact; Estuarine chemistry; Trace elements; Biogeochemical process; Lead isotopes; Grand Bay Reserve ID ARID-ZONE SOILS; SEDIMENTS; PHOSPHORUS; ISOTOPES; MOBILITY; COBALT; WATER; LEAD AB The objectives of this study are to investigate distribution of trace elements and heavy metals in the salt marsh and wetland soil and biogeochemical processes in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve of the northern Gulf of Mexico. The results show that Hg, Cd and to some extent, As and Pb have been significantly accumulated in soils. The strongest correlations were found between concentrations of Ni and total organic matter contents. The correlations decreased in the order: Ni > Cr > Sr > Co > Zn, Cd > Cu > Cs. Strong correlations were also observed between total P and concentrations of Ni, Co, Cr, Sr, Zn, Cu, and Cd. This may be related to the P spilling accident in 2005 in the Bangs Lake site. Lead isotopic ratios in soils matched well those of North American coals, indicating the contribution of Pb through atmospheric fallout from coal power plants. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [McComb, Jacqueline Q.; Han, Fengxiang X.; Rogers, Christian; Tchounwou, Paul B.] Jackson State Univ, Environm PhD Sci, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. [Han, Fengxiang X.; Arslan, Zikri] Jackson State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. [Thomas, Catherine] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Ardeshir, Adeli] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Han, FXX (reprint author), Jackson State Univ, Environm PhD Sci, 1400 JR Lynch St, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. EM Fengxiang.han@jsums.edu FU U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission - United States [NRC-HQ-12-G-38-0038]; U.S. Department of Commerce (NOAA) - United States [NA11SEC4810001-003499]; National Institutes of Health NIMHD-RCMI - United States [G12MD007581] FX This research was supported by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission - United States (NRC-HQ-12-G-38-0038), U.S. Department of Commerce (NOAA) - United States (NA11SEC4810001-003499), and National Institutes of Health NIMHD-RCMI - United States (G12MD007581). NR 37 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 99 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.07.062 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CV4SY UT WOS:000364258000018 PM 26238403 ER PT J AU Lin, HS McDonnell, JJ Nimmo, JR Pachepsky, YA AF Lin, H. S. McDonnell, J. J. Nimmo, J. R. Pachepsky, Y. A. TI Hydropedology: Synergistic integration of soil science and hydrology in the Critical Zone Preface SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Lin, H. S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [McDonnell, J. J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [McDonnell, J. J.] Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland. [Nimmo, J. R.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Pachepsky, Y. A.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Lin, HS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM henrylin@psu.edu RI Lin, Henry/E-8234-2011 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 29 IS 21 SI SI BP 4559 EP 4561 DI 10.1002/hyp.10686 PG 3 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA CU1JQ UT WOS:000363277700001 ER PT J AU Shettles, M Temesgen, H Gray, AN Hilker, T AF Shettles, Michael Temesgen, H. Gray, Andrew N. Hilker, Thomas TI Comparison of uncertainty in per unit area estimates of aboveground biomass for two selected model sets SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Pacific Northwest; Model error; Sampling error; Measurement error ID NATIONAL FOREST INVENTORY; MEASUREMENT ERRORS; VOLUME; GROWTH; PROPAGATION; VARIABILITY AB Uncertainty in above ground forest biomass (AGB) estimates at broad-scale depends primarily on three sources of error that interact and propagate: measurement error, model error, and sampling error. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we compare the total propagated error for two sets of regional-level component equations for lodgepole pine AGB, and for two sets of high-precision instruments by accounting for all three of these sources of error. The two sets of models compared included a set of newly-developed component ratio method (CRM) equations, and a set of component AGB equations currently used by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) unit of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service. Relative contributions for measurement, model, and sampling error using the current regional equations were 5%, 2% and 93%, respectively, and 13%, 55% and 32%, respectively using the CRM equations. Relative standard error (RSE) values for the current regional and CRM equations with all three error types accounted for were 20.7% and 36.8%, respectively. Results for the model comparisons indicate that per acre estimates of AGB using the CRM equations are far less precise than those produced with the current set of regional equations. Results for the instrument comparisons indicate the terrestrial lidar scanning reduce uncertainty in broad-scale estimates of AGB attributed to measurement error. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Shettles, Michael; Temesgen, H.; Hilker, Thomas] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gray, Andrew N.] USDA, Forest Anal & Inventory Branch, Pacific Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Temesgen, H (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, 237 Peavy Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM michaelashettles@fs.fed.us; hailemariam.temesgen@oregonstate.edu; agray01@fsled.us; Thomas.hilker@oregonstate.edu NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 354 BP 18 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.07.002 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS4PR UT WOS:000362058800003 ER PT J AU Addington, RN Knapp, BO Sorrell, GG Elmore, ML Wang, GG Walker, JL AF Addington, Robert N. Knapp, Benjamin O. Sorrell, Geoffrey G. Elmore, Michele L. Wang, G. Geoff Walker, Joan L. TI Factors affecting broadleaf woody vegetation in upland pine forests managed for longleaf pine restoration SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Longleaf pine restoration; Canopy basal area; Soil texture; Fire frequency; Hardwood control; Sweetgum ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; FIRE-FREQUENCY; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; GRASSLAND COMMUNITIES; PRESCRIBED FIRE; LOBLOLLY-PINE; ECOSYSTEM; FLORIDA; OVERSTORY; RESPONSES AB Controlling broadleaf woody plant abundance is one of the greatest challenges in longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) ecosystem restoration. Numerous factors have been associated with broadleaf woody plant abundance in longleaf pine ecosystems, including site quality, stand structure, and fire frequency and intensity, yet the way in which these factors vary and interact across a landscape is poorly understood. The goal of this study was to quantify the importance of environmental and management factors and their interactions on the abundance of hardwood tree and shrub species in upland pine forests managed for longleaf pine restoration in Fort Benning, GA. We measured understory, midstory, and overstory vegetation in 189 fixed-area plots, and we assembled descriptive plot data about soil texture classes, slope and aspect, and fire management history. We used classification and regression trees to model broadleaf woody species abundance. Regression trees identified fire return interval, soil texture, and slope as the most important factors affecting understory woody plant cover, with high mean cover occurring in areas with longer fire return intervals (i.e. less frequent fire), on fine-textured soils (sandy clay barns and sandy loams), and on slopes less than 6%. An interaction between soil texture and fire return interval was present and suggested that frequent fire was especially important in controlling understory broadleaf woody plants on fine-textured soils. A significant interaction emerged between soil texture and pine basal area as well, suggesting that the potential to release woody competitors with canopy removal was higher on fine-textured soils than on coarse-textured soils. The presence of hardwood stems in the midstory was most dependent upon time since burn. Other factors, such as the number of burns conducted during the growing season and topographic aspect, did not contribute significantly to variation in woody plant cover or density. Of the woody species encountered, sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) was the most abundant, especially on plots with fire return intervals >= 2.6 years, on fine-textured soils, and at low pine basal areas (<9.4 m(2)/ha). Other species such as persimmon (Diospyros virginiana L.), winged sumac (Rhus copallinum L.), and southern red oak (Quercus falcata Michx.) were commonly encountered but at low densities. Our results demonstrate the general complexity of woody species control, but more importantly indicate site differences that could be used to prioritize prescribed fire application at the landscape scale. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Addington, Robert N.; Sorrell, Geoffrey G.; Elmore, Michele L.] Nature Conservancy, Ft Benning, GA 31995 USA. [Knapp, Benjamin O.; Wang, G. Geoff] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29534 USA. [Walker, Joan L.] Clemson Univ, USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Addington, RN (reprint author), Nature Conservancy, 2424 Spruce St, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. EM addingtonrob@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, through The Nature Conservancy-USFS Southern Research Station research agreement [SRS-11-DG-11330123-041]; Fort Benning's Environmental Management Division, through The Nature Conservancy-Fort Benning Cooperative Agreement [W81XWH-04-2-0051] FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, through The Nature Conservancy-USFS Southern Research Station research agreement SRS-11-DG-11330123-041, and by Fort Benning's Environmental Management Division, through The Nature Conservancy-Fort Benning Cooperative Agreement W81XWH-04-2-0051. We thank Catherine Prior, Courtney James, Kevin Elmore, Wade Harrison, and Soung Ryoul Ryu for support and assistance with field measurements. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for providing valuable comments and suggestions that significantly improved the manuscript. NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 57 U2 119 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 354 BP 130 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.06.028 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS4PR UT WOS:000362058800014 ER PT J AU Stringer, CE Trettin, CC Zarnoch, SJ Tang, WW AF Stringer, Christina E. Trettin, Carl C. Zarnoch, Stanley J. Tang, Wenwu TI Carbon stocks of mangroves within the Zambezi River Delta, Mozambique SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Blue carbon; Carbon inventory; East Africa; Forested wetland ID ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; CERIOPS-TAGAL; FORESTS; ECOSYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; EMISSIONS; TREE; BAY AB Mangroves are well-known for their numerous ecosystem services, including storing a globally significant C pool. There is increasing interest in the inclusion of mangroves in national climate change mitigation and adaptation plans in developing nations as they become involved with incentive programs for climate change mitigation. The quality and precision of data required by these programs necessitates the use of an inventory approach that allows for quantification, rather than general characterization, of C stocks. In this study, we quantified the ecosystem C stock of the Zambezi River Delta mangroves utilizing a rigorous, yet operationally feasible approach. We applied a stratified random sampling inventory design, based on five forest canopy height classes, derived from Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite/Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (ICE Sat/GLAS) and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data, and a Spatial Decision Support System to allocate inventory plots. Carbon content in above- and below-ground biomass pools in addition to soils to a depth of 200 cm was measured. The average biomass C density for the height classes ranged from 99.2 Mg C ha(-1) to 341.3 Mg C ha(-1). Soil C density was the largest measured C pool, containing 274.6 Mg C ha(-1) to 314.1 Mg C ha(-1) and accounting for 45-73% of the height class ecosystem C densities, which ranged from 373.8 Mg C ha(-1) to 620.8 Mg C ha(-1). The ecosystem C density estimates for the five strata were weighted based on their spatial distribution across the landscape to yield a total C stock for the Zambezi River Delta mangroves of 1.4 x 10(7) Mg C. The error bounds from the 95% confidence interval are +/- 6% of our ecosystem C stock estimate, well within acceptable levels of uncertainty. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Stringer, Christina E.; Trettin, Carl C.] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Southern Res Stn, Cordesville, SC USA. [Zarnoch, Stanley J.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Inventory & Anal, Southern Res Stn, Clemson, SC USA. [Tang, Wenwu] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Tang, Wenwu] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Appl Geog Informat Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. RP Stringer, CE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Southern Res Stn, Cordesville, SC USA. EM christinaestringer@fs.fed.us NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 11 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 354 BP 139 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.06.027 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS4PR UT WOS:000362058800015 ER PT J AU Haavik, LJ Billings, SA Guldin, JM Stephen, FM AF Haavik, Laurel J. Billings, Sharon A. Guldin, James M. Stephen, Fred M. TI Emergent insects, pathogens and drought shape changing patterns in oak decline in North America and Europe SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Emergent pest; Wood borer; Oak borer; Defoliator; Enaphalodes rufulus; Agrilus spp; Lymantria dispar; Forest decline; Forest succession; Climate change; Fire suppression; Callus; Hydraulic failure; Carbon starvation; Ozark Plateau; Carbon balance ID ENAPHALODES-RUFULUS COLEOPTERA; QUERCUS-ROBUR L; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; MASS TRAPPING EFFICIENCY; INDUCED TREE MORTALITY; LONG-TERM CHANGES; LEAF-AREA INDEX; RED OAK; GYPSY-MOTH; CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Forest declines are well-studied phenomena. However, recent patterns suggest that the traditional sequence of events and factors involved in forest decline are changing. Several reports in recent decades involve emergent mortality agents, many of which are native insects and diseases. In addition, changing climate and weather patterns place increasing emphasis on root dynamics in forest decline, given the critical role of roots in susceptibility (loss of fine roots) and tolerance (deep-rooting) to drought. Contrasting successive extremes of wet and dry periods could negatively affect tree carbon (C) balance and water relations, which may provide an advantage to secondary agents such as root pathogens (e.g. Armillaria and Phytophthora spp.). We searched for patterns potentially implying mechanisms of mortality among several recent hardwood decline events (mostly in oak forests, Quercus spp.) linked to novel associations often involving drought or hot drought, an apparent absence of defoliation, and a secondary bark- or wood-boring insect in a more aggressive tree-killing role than has been typically observed. To further explore one likely mechanism, we utilized a case study featuring an emergent mortality agent, the red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), which, interacting with drought and forest history, resulted in an unprecedented oak mortality event (1999-2003, Ozark region, USA). Examination of long-term patterns of radial growth revealed that oaks surviving decline episodes often exhibited slow growth early during forest development, yet became superior competitors later on, and exhibited non-linear growth dynamics throughout their lives; trees that died often exhibited the opposite pattern, with rapid growth early in life and linear growth dynamics. We speculate that these different growth strategies could be related to patterns of resource allocation facilitated by root origins (sprout vs. seedling) and/or microsite conditions, and driven or influenced by repeated drought. Carbon balance dysfunction, a long-term affliction of oaks that eventually manifests itself in an episode of decline, may be the underlying mechanism of oak mortality during decline. It is likely caused by changes in C supply and demand during drought and/or defoliation that compromise oaks by depleting C reserves, or somehow inhibiting translocation of stored C to repair damaged tissues and resist secondary biotic agents. Ultimately, successive drought and persistent activity by these insects and pathogens kill affected oaks. Parallels among different hardwood ecosystems exist, and can be used to help predict future scenarios and guide new avenues of study. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Haavik, Laurel J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Billings, Sharon A.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66044 USA. [Billings, Sharon A.] Univ Kansas, Kansas Biol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66044 USA. [Guldin, James M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. [Stephen, Fred M.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Entomol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Haavik, LJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM ljhaavik@gmail.com; sharonb@ku.edu; jguldin@fs.fed.us; fstephen@uark.edu OI Haavik, Laurel/0000-0002-7749-9095 FU University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; UA Division of Agriculture; USDA Forest Service (Southern Forest Research Station, and Forest Health Monitoring Program) FX The research on red oak borer was supported in part by the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville and the UA Division of Agriculture, plus funding from the USDA Forest Service (Southern Forest Research Station, and Forest Health Monitoring Program). We greatly appreciate comments from Ken Raffa, Barbara Bentz, Jean-Claude Gregoire, Dan Herms, and three anonymous reviewers on an earlier version of the manuscript. We thank Dave Stahle and Rose Marie Muzika for insightful discussions and help with shaping our ideas. We also express our thanks to Vaughn Salisbury, Damon Crook, Rose Ann Barnhill, Larry Galligan and a myriad of students and technicians who collected the data summarized here. NR 234 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 21 U2 96 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 354 BP 190 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.06.019 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS4PR UT WOS:000362058800021 ER PT J AU Ouzts, J Kolb, T Huffman, D Meador, AS AF Ouzts, Jessi Kolb, Thomas Huffman, David Meador, Andrew Sanchez TI Post-fire ponderosa pine regeneration with and without planting in Arizona and New Mexico SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Reforestation; Wildfire; Pinus ponderosa; Seedling establishment ID HIGH-SEVERITY FIRE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CONIFER REGENERATION; CASCADE RANGE; FOREST-FIRE; WILDFIRE; USA; ESTABLISHMENT; DROUGHT; GROWTH AB Forest fires are increasing in size and severity globally, yet the roles of natural and artificial regeneration in promoting forest recovery are poorly understood. Post-fire regeneration of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa, Lawson and C. Lawson) in the southwestern U.S. is slow, episodic, and difficult to predict. Planting of ponderosa pine after wildfire may accelerate reforestation, but little is known about survival of plantings and the amount of post-fire natural regeneration. We compared ponderosa pine regeneration between paired planted and unplanted plots at eight sites in Arizona and New Mexico that recently (2002-2005) burned severely. Two sites had no natural regeneration and no survival of planted seedlings. Seedling presence increased with number of years since burning across all plots, was positively associated with forb and litter cover on planted plots, and was positively associated with litter cover on unplanted plots. Survival of planted seedlings, measured five to eight years after planting, averaged 25% (SE = 8) and varied from 0% to 70% across sites resulting in seedling densities of 0-521 trees ha(-1). Based on a projected 44% survival of seedlings to mature trees and target density of mature trees determined by historical range of variability and ecological restoration principles, four of eight sites have a seedling density in planted plots (125-240 ha(-1)) that will produce a density of mature trees (55-106 ha(-1)) close to desired levels, whereas seedlings are currently deficient at three planted sites, and in surplus at one site, which had abundant natural regeneration. Natural regeneration in unplanted plots during the first decade after burning produced seedling densities inconsistent with desired numbers of mature trees. Natural regeneration in unplanted plots produced less than 33 seedlings ha-1 at seven of eight sites, but produced 1433 seedlings ha-1 at one high-elevation site that supported a more mesic vegetation community before burning than the other sites. Our results show that current practices for planting ponderosa pine after severe fires in Arizona and New Mexico produce desired numbers of seedlings in approximately half of all projects, whereas natural regeneration rarely does within the first decade after burning. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ouzts, Jessi; Kolb, Thomas] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Huffman, David] No Arizona Univ, Ecol Restorat Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Meador, Andrew Sanchez] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Ecol Restorat Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Ouzts, J (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 742 S Clover Rd, Williams, AZ 86046 USA. EM jessicarouzts@fs.fed.us; tom.kolb@nau.edu; david.huffman@nau.edu; andrew.sanchezmeador@nau.edu OI Sanchez Meador, Andrew/0000-0003-4238-8587 FU National Needs Fellowship Program at Northern Arizona University (NAU) [2011-38420-30989]; Ecological Restoration Institute (ERI); USDA - Forest Service (USDA-FS); USDA - National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-38420-30989] FX Funding for this study was provided by the National Needs Fellowship Program at Northern Arizona University (NAU) (supported by award 2011-38420-30989 from the USDA - National Institute of Food and Agriculture), and the Ecological Restoration Institute (ERI) and its funding from the USDA - Forest Service (USDA-FS). We would like to thank numerous ERI staff and field crew members, especially Don Normandin and Joe Crouse; the NAU Statistical Consulting Lab, especially Roy St. Laurent and Derek Sonderegger; and numerous foresters and silviculturists from the USDA-FS Region 3. NR 81 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 9 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 354 BP 281 EP 290 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.06.001 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS4PR UT WOS:000362058800030 ER PT J AU Cronan, JB Wright, CS Petrova, M AF Cronan, James B. Wright, Clinton S. Petrova, Maria TI Effects of dormant and growing season burning on surface fuels and potential fire behavior in northern Florida longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) flatwoods SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fuels management; Hazardous fuels; Fire behavior; Herbs; Shrubs ID CHARACTERISTIC CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; PRESCRIBED FIRE; GRASSLAND COMMUNITIES; REDUCTION TREATMENTS; WIREGRASS ECOSYSTEM; FORESTS; VEGETATION; SAVANNAS; FREQUENCY AB Prescribed fire is widely used to manage fuels in high-frequency, low-severity fire regimes including pine flatwoods of the southeastern USA where prescribed burning during the growing season (the frost-free period during the calendar year) has become more common in recent decades. Growing season prescribed fires address ecological management objectives that focus on increasing herb cover and decreasing shrub cover. The shift from shrub to herb dominance due to burning in the growing season corresponds to a change in surface fuels that could affect fire behavior, yet little has been done to assess the potential effects. We examined the effects of season-of-burn on shrub and herbaceous fuel layers and predicted fire behavior at replicate plots on frequently burned mesic pine flatwoods for two season-of-burn treatments (growing and dormant season prescribed fires) in two geographic regions in northern Florida. The Fuel Characteristic Classification System was used to construct a representative fuelbed for each plot at each sampling time to predict fire behavior. Predicted fire behavior was tested for correlation with measured surface fuel properties to determine if there was an effect from differences in fuels characteristics across treatments. In addition, fire temperature was measured in situ as a proxy for fire intensity and tested for treatment effects on the re-growth of live surface fuels. Compared to single dormant season burns, our single growing season burns caused no changes to live understory fuels and had no detectable effect on fire behavior, although predicted rate of spread and flame length were significantly reduced after all prescribed burns. Shrub cover and predicted fire behavior were, however, significantly different between geographic regions, and shrub height was significantly affected by fire temperature. Predicted fire behavior was strongly correlated with measures of the litter and herb strata. Results from this study suggest that land managers should not initially expect large changes in understory fuel properties or potential fire behavior from a shift to burning during the growing season and show that geographic location and fire intensity had significant effects on live fuels and potential fire behavior. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cronan, James B.; Petrova, Maria] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Wright, Clinton S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Cronan, JB (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jcronan@u.washington.edu; cwright@fs.fed.us; mpetrova@u.washington.edu FU Joint Fire Science Program [09-1-01-2] FX We acknowledge funding from the Joint Fire Science Program under Project No. 09-1-01-2. We are grateful for the support and cooperation of numerous agencies and individuals who worked with us to incorporate research plots into existing prescribed fires, specifically K. Hiers and B. Williams at Eglin Air Force Base, E. Watkins at Apalachicola National Forest, and G. Titus and J. Hinckley at St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge. We also thank C. Balog, C. Burke, B. Cassell, J. Crowder, J. Dvorak, T. Freed, L. Grand, S. Griscom, K. Jacobson, R. Jones, I. Kostick, J. Landburg, A. Lundquist, J. McDuffey, K. Moffit, J. Restaino, S. Savage, A. Sengsirirak, D. Shoemaker, M. Simmons, and J. Smith for their help with field data collection and data entry. P. Eagle developed the database structure and data entry application. M. Kennedy and A. Steele provided statistical advice. B. Vihnanek coordinated field logistics. NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 31 U2 88 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 354 BP 318 EP 333 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.05.018 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CS4PR UT WOS:000362058800034 ER PT J AU Gerstner, S Adamovicz, JJ Duncan, JV Laegreid, WW Marshall, KL Logan, JR Schumaker, BA AF Gerstner, Shelley Adamovicz, Jeffrey J. Duncan, John V. Laegreid, William W. Marshall, Katherine L. Logan, James R. Schumaker, Brant A. TI Prevalence of and risk factors associated with ovine progressive pneumonia in Wyoming sheep flocks SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ARTHRITIS-ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; LENTIVIRUS; EWE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VACCINATION; INFECTIONS; NEEDLE AB Objective-To determine the prevalence of antibodies against small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV), the causative agent of ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP), and to identify risk factors associated with OPP in Wyoming sheep flocks. Design-Cross-sectional study. Animals-1,415 sheep from 54 flocks in Wyoming. Procedures-Flocks were surveyed as part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) 2011 sheep study. Serum samples obtained from sheep in Wyoming were analyzed for anti-SRLV antibodies by use of a competitive-inhibition ELISA. The prevalence of seropositive animals overall and within each flock was calculated. Respective associations between flock OPP status and various demographic and management variables were assessed. Results-The estimated prevalence of sheep seropositive for anti-SRLV antibodies and OPP-infected flocks in Wyoming was 18.0% and 47.5%, respectively. Within OPP-infected flocks, the prevalence of seropositive sheep ranged from 3.9% to 96%. Flocks maintained on nonfenced range were more likely to be infected with OPP than were flocks maintained on fenced range (OR, 3.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 10.7). The estimated prevalence of OPP-infected flocks in Wyoming did not vary substantially from that at the regional or national level reported in the NAHMS 2001 sheep study. Compared with results of the NAHMS 2011 sheep study, Wyoming producers were more familiar with OPP than were other US sheep producers, but only 61% of Wyoming producers surveyed reported being very or somewhat familiar with the disease. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results indicated that OPP is prevalent in many Wyoming sheep flocks, which suggested that continued efforts are necessary to increase producer knowledge about the disease and investigate practices to minimize economic losses associated with OPP. C1 [Gerstner, Shelley; Adamovicz, Jeffrey J.; Laegreid, William W.; Schumaker, Brant A.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, Wyoming State Vet Lab, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Duncan, John V.] USDA, APHIS Vet Serv, Casper, WY 82609 USA. [Marshall, Katherine L.] USDA, APHIS Vet Serv, Sci Technol & Anal Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Logan, James R.] Wyoming Livestock Board, Cheyenne, WY 82002 USA. RP Schumaker, BA (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, Wyoming State Vet Lab, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. EM bschumak@uwyo.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 247 IS 8 BP 932 EP 937 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CS6QY UT WOS:000362207300045 PM 26421406 ER PT J AU Wang, LX Zhao, L Yuan, J Jin, TZ AF Wang, Luxin Zhao, Liang Yuan, Jing Jin, Tony Z. TI Application of a novel antimicrobial coating on roast beef for inactivation and inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes during storage SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobial solution; Listeria monocytogenes; Roast beef; Shelf life; Meat quality ID TOMATO STEM SCARS; CROSS-CONTAMINATION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; DELICATESSEN MEATS; VACUUM PACKAGES; TURKEY BOLOGNA; ORGANIC-ACIDS; HOME STORAGE; COLI O157/H7; L-ARGININE AB The antilisterial efficacy of novel coating solutions made with organic acids, lauric arginate ester, and chitosan was evaluated in a three-stage study on inoculated roast beef for the first time. Ready-to-eat roast beef was specially ordered from the manufacturer. The meat surface was inoculated with five-strain Listeria monocytogenes cocktail inoculums at two different levels, similar to 3 and 6 Log CFU/cm(2) and treated with the stock solution (HAMS), the 1:5 diluted solution (MAMS), and the 1:10 diluted solution (LAMS) (stage 1). During the 20 min contact time, the antimicrobial coatings reduced the Listeria populations by approximately 0.9-03 Log CFU/cm(2). The higher the concentrations of the antimicrobial solution, the better the antilisterial effects were. The treated inoculated beef samples were then stored at 4 degrees C for 30 days. During storage, Listeria growth inhibition effects were seen. While no growth was seen from the HAMS-treated samples, a 1.6 Log CFU/cm(2) increase was seen for MAMS-treated samples, a 4.6 Log CFU/cm(2) increase was seen for LAMS-treated samples, and a 5.7 Log CFU/cm(2) increase was seen for NoAMS-treated samples on Day 30 (similar to 3 Log CFU/cm(2) inoculation level). In the second stage, the impact of the roast beef storage time on solution's antilisterial effect was evaluated. Results showed that the effect of the antimicrobial solution was dependent on both the initial inoculation levels and storage times. In stage 3, the effect of the antimicrobial solution on roast beef quality was studied with both instrument measurement and sensory evaluation. Minor changes in color, pH, and water activity were found. However, only limited sensory differences were seen between the treated and untreated samples. When panels were able to accurately find color differences between samples, they preferred the treated samples. The findings of this research proved the antilisterial efficacy of the novel antimicrobial solution and showed its potential for being used as a roast beef cut surface coating to control Listeria contamination and for color protection. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Luxin; Zhao, Liang; Yuan, Jing] Auburn Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Food Microbiol & Safety Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Jin, Tony Z.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Wang, LX (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Anim Sci, 210 Upchurch Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM lzw0022@auburn.edu NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 211 BP 66 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.07.007 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA CR5TJ UT WOS:000361406700010 PM 26173201 ER PT J AU McNeel, AK Cushman, RA AF McNeel, Anthony K. Cushman, Robert A. TI Influence of puberty and antral follicle count on calving day in crossbred beef heifers SO THERIOGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Reproductive tract score; Antral follicle count; Ultrasonography; Calving day ID OVARIAN-FOLLICLES; BIRTH-WEIGHT; DAIRY-COWS; CATTLE; FERTILITY; INSEMINATION; ASSOCIATION; NUMBERS; OOCYTES; IMPACT AB Lifetime productivity and longevity are greater in beef cows that give birth early in their first calving season. The ability of heifers to conceive early in the breeding season is traditionally thought to be a function of pubertal status; however, recent evidence suggests that antral follicle count is positively associated with calving day in pubertal beef heifers. Additionally, there is evidence to suggest that the total number of ovarian follicles may alter response to hormonal synchronization protocols. The objectives of this study were to confirm the beneficial influence of antral follicle count on calving day in beef heifers and to determine whether response to PGF(2 alpha) is associated with differences in antral follicle counts. A 2 x 2 factorial experiment was designed to investigate the interaction between calving period (early vs. late) and PGF(2 alpha) (control vs. PGF) on calving day and antral follicle count in yearling beef heifers (n = 95). As intended, calving day was less in the early calving period compared to the late calving period (P < 0.01). There were no differences in calving day in response to treatment with PGF(2 alpha) (P > 0.05). There was a significant interaction between calving period and PGF(2 alpha) on age at first calving (P < 0.01), such that heifers treated with PGF(2 alpha) that gave birth early were younger than heifers treated with saline that gave birth early. Calf weaning weights were greater in the early calving group than in the late calving group (P < 0.01). Heifers that gave birth in the early calving group possessed more antral follicles at prebreeding ultrasonographic examination than heifers that gave birth in the late calving group (P = 0.05). These findings confirm that antral follicle counts are associated with calving day in pubertal beef heifers. The use of antral follicle counts as a prebreeding phenotype provides additional utility to reproductive tract scoring for commercial production because of its association with calving day. As a prebreeding ovarian phenotype, antral follicle counts may hold additional applicability for organic beef producers looking to reduce the length of their calving season without increasing the total number of replacement heifers retained. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [McNeel, Anthony K.; Cushman, Robert A.] ARS, Nutr & Environm Management Res Unit, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Cushman, RA (reprint author), ARS, Nutr & Environm Management Res Unit, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM bob.cushman@ars.usda.gov OI McNeel, Anthony/0000-0002-4499-7979 FU Agricultural Research Service Project Plan [5438-31000-093-00D] FX The authors thank Chad Engle, B.J. Johnson, Wayne Rademacher, Aaron Urmacher, and U.S. Meat Animal Research Center Cattle Operations for care and management of the animals. Lillian Larsen, Sarah Knox, and Darrell Light provided assistance with management of the database. Donna Griess provided assistance with preparation of the article. This research was funded by Agricultural Research Service Project Plan 5438-31000-093-00D entitled "Strategies to Improve Heifer Selection and Heifer Development" (Robert A. Cushman). NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0093-691X EI 1879-3231 J9 THERIOGENOLOGY JI Theriogenology PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 84 IS 7 BP 1061 EP 1066 DI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.06.010 PG 6 WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA CR1IG UT WOS:000361077700002 PM 26197954 ER PT J AU McCooke, JK Guerrero, FD Barrero, RA Black, M Hunter, A Bell, C Schilkey, F Miller, RJ Bellgard, MI AF McCooke, John K. Guerrero, Felix D. Barrero, Roberto A. Black, Michael Hunter, Adam Bell, Callum Schilkey, Faye Miller, Robert J. Bellgard, Matthew I. TI The mitochondrial genome of a Texas outbreak strain of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, derived from whole genome sequencing Pacific Biosciences and Illumina reads SO GENE LA English DT Article DE Cattle tick; Mitochondrial genome; Pac Bio ID ALIGNMENT; IXODIDAE; ACARI AB The cattle fever tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is one of the most significant medical veterinary pests in the world, vectoring several serious livestock diseases negatively impacting agricultural economies of tropical and subtropical countries around the world. In our study, we assembled the complete R. microplus mitochondrial genome from Illumina and Pac Bio sequencing reads obtained from the ongoing R. microplus (Deutsch strain from Texas, USA) genome sequencing project. We compared the Deutsch strain mitogenome to the mitogenome from a Brazilian R. microplus and from an Australian cattle tick that has recently been taxonomically designated as Rhipicephalus australis after previously being considered R. micro plus. The sequence divergence of the Texas and Australia ticks is much higher than the divergence between the Texas and Brazil ticks. This is consistent with the idea that the Australian ticks are distinct from the R. microplus of the Americas. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McCooke, John K.; Barrero, Roberto A.; Black, Michael; Hunter, Adam; Bellgard, Matthew I.] Murdoch Univ, Ctr Comparat Genom, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Guerrero, Felix D.] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Bell, Callum; Schilkey, Faye; Bellgard, Matthew I.] Natl Ctr Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Miller, Robert J.] ARS, USDA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX USA. RP Guerrero, FD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM Felix.Guerrero@ars.usda.gov RI Black, Michael/H-7645-2016 FU OECD; Bioplatforms Australia Pty Ltd through National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy of the Australian Government; USDA-ARS Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory CRIS [6205-32000-031-00] FX We wish to thank the sequencing team at NCGR, specifically Patricia Mena, Jennifer Jacobi, Nico Devitt, and Peter Ngam, for their work in library preparation and sequencing. We also wish to acknowledge the assistance provided by Drs. Steven Kappes, Dan Strickman, and Adalberto Perez de Leon in securing funding for the research. M. Bellgard conducted part of this research via a fellowship under the OECD Co-operative Research Programme: Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agriculture Systems. This work was supported by funding from Bioplatforms Australia Pty Ltd, through the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy of the Australian Government and by the USDA-ARS Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory CRIS Project No. 6205-32000-031-00. For the computational analysis, supercomputing resources were made available through iVEC, the Western Australian hub for supercomputing. This article reports the results of research only. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 EI 1879-0038 J9 GENE JI Gene PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 571 IS 1 BP 135 EP 141 DI 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.060 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CQ2HK UT WOS:000360420500018 PM 26117172 ER PT J AU Desai, AR Xu, K Tian, HQ Weishampel, P Thom, J Baumann, D Andrews, AE Cook, BD King, JY Kolka, R AF Desai, Ankur R. Xu, Ke Tian, Hanqin Weishampel, Peter Thom, Jonathan Baumann, Dan Andrews, Arlyn E. Cook, Bruce D. King, Jennifer Y. Kolka, Randall TI Landscape-level terrestrial methane flux observed from a very tall tower (vol 201, pg 61, 2015) SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Desai, Ankur R.; Xu, Ke; Thom, Jonathan] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Tian, Hanqin] Auburn Univ, Int Ctr Climate & Global Change Res, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Weishampel, Peter] Natl Ecol Observ Network Inc, Great Lakes Domain, Land O Lakes, WI USA. [Baumann, Dan] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Rhinelander, WI USA. [Andrews, Arlyn E.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Cook, Bruce D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [King, Jennifer Y.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kolka, Randall] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MI USA. RP Desai, AR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM desai@aos.wisc.edu RI Tian, Hanqin/A-6484-2012; OI Tian, Hanqin/0000-0002-1806-4091; Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 211 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.05.007 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN8PC UT WOS:000358702100001 ER PT J AU Miller, NE Stall, R Mahaffee, WF Neill, TM Pardyjak, ER AF Miller, Nathan E. Stall, Rob Mahaffee, Walter F. Neill, Tara M. Pardyjak, Eric R. TI An experimental study of momentum and heavy particle transport in a trellised agricultural canopy SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Canopy flow; Dispersion; Particle transport; Vineyard experiments ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; KINETIC-ENERGY BUDGETS; GAUSSIAN PLUME MODEL; WIND-TUNNEL; TURBULENT-FLOW; WINDBREAK FLOW; AIR-FLOW; THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK; URBAN CANOPIES; BOUNDARY-LAYER AB Turbulent particle dispersion in plant canopies plays an important role in many agricultural and forestry ecosystems. Most research on dispersion in plant canopies has focused on dispersal patterns in homogeneous dense canopies and/or on patterns far from the source. To study near-source particle dispersion in a sparse agricultural canopy, a series of point-source particle release events was conducted in a commercial vineyard. Analysis of the wind velocity data indicated that the majority of the flow in the open spaces between the vine rows was channeled parallel to the vine rows regardless of the direction of the mean wind above the canopy. Although this channeling led to significant turning of the mean velocity, profiles of turbulent statistics taken at times when the above-canopy winds were nearly parallel to the vine rows showed similar behavior to canopy flow profiles in previous studies. The particle release events were conducted using fluorescent microspheres with similar physical characteristics to the spores of multiple airborne fungal pathogens of grapes (diameter = 10-45 mu m, density = 1.0 g/cm(3)). Microspheres were released from two vertical positions within the canopy and monitored using a dense three dimensional impaction trap array in the near-source region (1-5 canopy heights downwind). The shape of the microsphere plumes was strongly impacted by the flow channeling within the canopy. Specifically, the plumes' maximum concentrations were typically channelled down the aisle in which they originated. The spanwise concentration profile also tended to be skewed from the release aisle toward the mean wind direction above the canopy. This was believed to be caused by the wind directional shear created by the difference between the mean wind direction above the canopy and the vine row direction as well as the filtering effects of the plants themselves. (C) 2015 Elsevier. All rights reserved. C1 [Miller, Nathan E.; Stall, Rob; Pardyjak, Eric R.] Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Mahaffee, Walter F.; Neill, Tara M.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Stall, R (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM nmiller@eng.utah.edu; rstoll@eng.utah.edu; tara.neill@ars.usda.gov; pardyjak@eng.utah.edu RI Max, Mad/E-5238-2010 OI Max, Mad/0000-0001-6966-6829 FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [5358-22000-039-00D]; National Science Foundation [AGS 1255662]; University of Utah's Global Change and Sustainability Center FX This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) project 5358-22000-039-00D, the National Science Foundation grant AGS 1255662, and the University of Utah's Global Change and Sustainability Center. We thank Cole Provence, Jim Eynard, Andy Albrecht, Jessica Keune, and Tom Loveday for their excellent assistance with the field campaign. The use trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication are for information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an endorsement or approval by the USDA or the Agriculture Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 80 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 211 BP 100 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.06.003 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN8PC UT WOS:000358702100010 ER PT J AU Boateng, AA Mullen, CA Elkasabi, Y McMahan, CM AF Boateng, Akwasi A. Mullen, Charles A. Elkasabi, Yaseen McMahan, Colleen M. TI Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) pyrolysis biorefining: Production of hydrocarbon compatible bio-oils from guayule bagasse via tail-gas reactive pyrolysis SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Guayule bagasse; Pyrolysis; Biorefining; Distillation; Hydrotreating ID CATALYTIC FAST PYROLYSIS; TRANSPORTATION FUELS; BIOMASS; SWITCHGRASS; ZEOLITES; CRACKING AB Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) is a woody desert shrub cultivated in the southwestern United States as a source of natural rubber, organic resins, and high energy biofuel feedstock from crop residues. We used guayule bagasse, the residual biomass after latex extraction as feedstock in a pyrolysis process that employs a reactive gas environment to formulate a special intermediate bio-oil product that allows use of conventional hydrotreating with conventional noble metal catalysts and a simple distillation process to synthesize hydrocarbon (drop-in) fuels. The said guayule-bagasse tail gas reactive pyrolysis (TGRP) process comprises pyrolyzing the guayule bagasse in a fluidized-bed reactor in the presence of a reactive and flammable tail gas (comprising CO similar to 30%, CH4 similar to 16%, CO2 similar to 40%, H-2 similar to 10%, >C2H4 similar to traces) generated in the pyrolysis process and without the use of catalyst to produce bio-oil with C/O molar ratio of 14/1 in organic yields of 34-40 wt% having an energy content of 31-37.5 MJ/kg. When we further processed the said bio-oil by centrifugation, we obtained 85 wt% yield and further 50-65 wt% yields following a continuous hydrotreatment over common noble metals (Pt, Ru or Pd) on a carbon support. Distillation of this mixture yielded >95 wt% hydrocarbon liquid fuel mixture comprising 30.4% gasoline (C-5-C-7), 37% jet (C-8-C-12) and 24% diesel (C-13-C-22). Analysis of a composite mixture of the hydrotreated product from the bagasse showed the majority of the sample (66%) was C-12 and below, which falls within the gasoline (naphtha) range with the greatest fraction of naphtha falling within the C-8-C-10 range. Beyond C-12, the molecular weights increased through the diesel range (34%), with C-37 being the highest observable molecular weight. The product met several ASTM standards for drop-in fuels, but the sulfur content (primarily due to latex extraction additives) was relatively high at around 300 ppm, indicating that hydrodesulfurization may be required to be infrastructure ready. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Boateng, Akwasi A.; Mullen, Charles A.; Elkasabi, Yaseen] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [McMahan, Colleen M.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94965 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-10008-20271] FX The authors thank Yulex Corporation providing the guayule bagasse, Dr. Gary Strahan for performing NMR experiments, and Prafulla Patil (American Refining Group, Inc.) for conducting the ASTM tests. This project was supported by Biomass Research & Development Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2012-10008-20271 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 EI 1873-7153 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 158 BP 948 EP 956 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.06.056 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA CM4QQ UT WOS:000357670100109 ER PT J AU Potter, TL Bosch, DD Strickland, TC AF Potter, Thomas L. Bosch, David D. Strickland, Timothy C. TI Tillage impact on herbicide loss by surface runoff and lateral subsurface flow SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Pesticide transport; Conservation tillage; Strip tillage; Conventional tillage; Leaching; Fluometuron; DMF; Risk assessment ID ATLANTIC COASTAL-PLAIN; PESTICIDE TRANSPORT; TILE DRAINS; SOIL; ATRAZINE; WATER; METOLACHLOR; COTTON; TRANSFORMATION; FLUOMETURON AB There is worldwide interest in conservation tillage practices because they can reduce surface runoff, and agrichemical and sediment losses from farm fields. Since these practices typically increase infiltration, their use may increase subsurface transport of water-soluble contaminants. Thus, to assess long-term environmental benefits of conservation tillage data may be needed that quantify both surface and subsurface contaminant fluxes. This study focused on the herbicide fluometuron (N, N-dimethyl-N'-[3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-urea) and its soil degradate DMF (N-methyl-N'-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-urea). Both compounds are classed as "leachable". They were measured for 10 years in surface runoff and lateral subsurface flow from paired fields located on a hill slope in the Atlantic Coastal Plain region of the southeastern USA. One group of fields was conventionally tilled incorporating all crop residues into soil prior to planting. The second was strip tilled, a common conservation tillage practice. Seven fluometuron applications were made to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) produced in rotation with peanut (Arachis hypogea). Combined fluometuron and DMF surface and subsurface losses from the conventionally tilled fields were equivalent to 1.2% and 0.13% of fluometuron applied and 0.31% and 0.32% from the strip tilled fields. Annual surface runoff losses were significantly greater from the conventionally tilled fields while the strip tilled fields had significantly greater annual subsurface losses. Results demonstrated that shifting from conventional to conservation tillage management of farm fields in this landscape will reduce surface runoff losses of herbicides like fluometuron but subsurface losses will likely increase. The same trends can be expected in landscapes with similar soil and hydrologic properties. This should be considered when planning implementation of programs that promote conservation tillage use. (C) Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Potter, Thomas L.; Bosch, David D.; Strickland, Timothy C.] USDA ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Potter, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Tom.Potter@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service; University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station; United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [BARD IS-3656-05] FX The USDA-Agricultural Research Service, University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, and the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD IS-3656-05) supported this work. Current and former USDA employees Herman Henry, Ricky Fletcher, Ernest Harris, Margie Whittle, Sally Belflower, Lorine Lewis, Laura Marshall, Eddie Sklany, and Luz Marti provided expert assistance along with numerous student interns. We also acknowledge the guidance in data analysis by Zaid Abdo, USDA-ARS and express our appreciation for the helpful reviewer comments. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 15 PY 2015 VL 530 BP 357 EP 366 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.079 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CL0CH UT WOS:000356605800040 PM 26057540 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Lee, AK Roh, MS Suh, JK AF Kim, Ji Hee Lee, Ae Kyung Roh, Mark S. Suh, Jeung Keun TI The effect of irradiance and temperature on the growth and flowering of Sinningia cardinalis SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Daylength neutral; Flower development; Flower number; Gesneriaceae; Gloxinia; High irradiance ID ACHIMENES CULTIVARS; PHOTOPERIOD; NUMBERS; LILIUM AB The effects of irradiance and temperature on growth and flowering in seed propagated Sinningia cardinalis especially to increase the number of flowers were investigated. To understand the effect of irradiance on flowering and the number of flowers, seedlings were grown under 30% shade (30% SH), natural irradiance (ND), and ND supplemented with 14 h of high irradiance at 14 W/m(2) (ND + 14HID) at 3 stages (ST) lasted for 40 days (d) at each ST (Expt. 1). Flowering was the earliest (205 d) when 20-d old plants were grown under 30% SH during the entire three stages (July 1 through October 31). Longer than 215 d to flower was required when plants received ND + 14HID during stage 3 (ST 3) (September 21-October 31). The number of flowers was highest (22) when grown under 30% SH during ST 1 (July 1-August 10) followed by ND or ND + 14HID during the ST 2 (August 12-September 20) or ST 3. To investigate the effect of temperature on flowering and the number of flowers, 42 d of 15/13 degrees C (15 degrees C), 19/17 degrees C (19 degrees C), 23/21 degrees C (23 degrees C), and 27/25 degrees C (27 degrees C) and under ND +10HDI were given to 45-d old plants (Expt. 2). The number of days to flower was only significantly accelerated at 23 degrees and 27 degrees C as compared to 15 degrees C and 19 degrees C, but not by irradiance treatments. The highest number of flowers (24) was produced when plants were grown at 15 degrees C under ND + 10HID given prior to formation of three pairs of leaves (<3L). To further refine the level of reduced of light irradiance on the number of flowers, plants were grown under 45% shade (45% SH), 30% shade (30% SH) from 08:00 to 20:00 h, and ND were given to 128-d old plants between days 0 and 20 (0 and 20), 21 and 40, and 0 and 40 (Expt 3). The number of flowers (17.6) was significantly increased when grown under 45% SH, especially during the 21-40 d period. To investigate the effect of temperature on plants at visible buds stages, plants were transferred to growth chambers maintained at 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 degrees C during the day (0800-1600h; 35 W/m(2)) and at 16 degrees C at night for 42d (Expt. 4). Flowering was delayed from 100 to 115 d as day temperatures were increased from 18 to 30 degrees C, and the number of flowers was the highest number (26.5 flowers) at 24 degrees C. Therefore, to promote flowering and to increase the flower numbers, S. cardinalis should be grown under 30% SH or under ND photoperiod during May-October. At a later stage of flower bud development, temperature rather than irradiance controls the speed of flowering. The differences in flowering time for only 16 d from sowing to flowering may suggest that S. cardinalis can be considered as a day-neutral plant for flower bud initiation. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Ji Hee; Lee, Ae Kyung; Roh, Mark S.; Suh, Jeung Keun] Dankook Univ, Dept Environm Hort, Cheonan 330714, Chungnam, South Korea. [Roh, Mark S.] ARS, USDA, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Suh, JK (reprint author), Dankook Univ, Dept Environm Hort, Cheonan 330714, Chungnam, South Korea. EM suh6971@dankook.ac.kr NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD OCT 14 PY 2015 VL 194 BP 147 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2015.07.040 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CV4QJ UT WOS:000364251300018 ER PT J AU Santos, C Zhebentyayeva, T Serrazina, S Nelson, CD Costa, R AF Santos, Carmen Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana Serrazina, Susana Nelson, C. Dana Costa, Rita TI Development and characterization of EST-SSR markers for mapping reaction to Phytophthora cinnamomi in Castanea spp. SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Castanea; Expressed sequence tag; Phytophthora cinnamomi; Simple sequence repeat ID GENIC MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SIMPLE-SEQUENCE REPEATS; AMERICAN CHESTNUT; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SATIVA MILL.; JAPANESE CHESTNUT; CHINESE CHESTNUT; LOBLOLLY-PINE; DENTATA; PLANTS AB Utilizing recently released transcriptome data, we developed 43 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) differentially expressed in European chestnut (Castanea sativa) and Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata) in response to inoculation with the most severe chestnut pathogen in Europe, Phytophthora cinnamomi (Pc). We used 24 parent and progeny trees - representing Pc susceptible, European and American chestnut (C. dentata), and Pc resistant, Japanese and Chinese chestnut (C. mollissima), species and some of their inter-species hybrids - to evaluate the EST-SSR markers' polymorphism and transferability rates within and among species, respectively. The set of EST-SSR markers showed a remarkably high interspecific transferability rate among the four Castanea species tested, ranging from 90.7% for Chinese chestnut and 100% for European chestnut. Only three EST-SSR markers were monomorphic (7%) and the average value of expected heterozygosity was 0.61, higher than that in other studies using EST-SSRs in chestnut. The novel EST-SSR markers developed and characterized here are useful for constructing genetic linkage maps, conducting QTL analyses of phenotypic traits, genotype-phenotype association studies (especially in relation of resistance to Pc), high-throughput genotyping for clonal identification or marker-assisted selection, and comparative genomics. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Santos, Carmen; Costa, Rita] Inst Nacl Invest Agr & Vet, IP, P-2780159 Oeiras, Portugal. [Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana] Clemson Univ, Genom & Computat Biol Lab, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Serrazina, Susana] Univ Lisbon, Plant Funct Genom Grp, Biosyst & Integrat Sci Inst BioISI, Campus Fac Ciencias, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Nelson, C. Dana] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Southern Inst Forest Genet, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. RP Costa, R (reprint author), Inst Nacl Invest Agr & Vet, IP, Ave Repub, P-2780159 Oeiras, Portugal. EM rita.lcosta@iniav.pt OI Santos, Carmen/0000-0003-3743-7591; Lourenco Costa, Rita/0000-0001-9503-6126 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia through Carmen Santos's PhD grant; [PTDC_AGR/CFL/101707/2008] FX We acknowledge Charles Burdine (Southern Institute of Forest Genetics) for technical assistance, including data collection using ABI 3130xl and 3730xl Genetic Analysers. We thank Dr. Christopher Saski (Clemson University Genomics Institute) for helping with bioinformatics tools used for SSR searching and Dr. P. Sisco (TACF, Carolinas Chapters) for access to plant material from the TACF's breeding program. Primary support for this study was provided by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia through the Carmen Santos's PhD grant and Project PTDC_AGR/CFL/101707/2008. NR 64 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD OCT 14 PY 2015 VL 194 BP 181 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2015.07.043 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CV4QJ UT WOS:000364251300023 ER PT J AU Dempsey, SJ Gese, EM Kluever, BM Lonsinger, RC Waits, LP AF Dempsey, Steven J. Gese, Eric M. Kluever, Bryan M. Lonsinger, Robert C. Waits, Lisette P. TI Evaluation of Scat Deposition Transects versus Radio Telemetry for Developing a Species Distribution Model for a Rare Desert Carnivore, the Kit Fox SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VULPES-MACROTIS-MUTICA; GREAT-BASIN DESERT; HOME-RANGE SIZE; RESOURCE SELECTION; ECOLOGY; MAXENT; ACCURACY; COYOTES; UTAH; CONSERVATION AB Development and evaluation of noninvasive methods for monitoring species distribution and abundance is a growing area of ecological research. While noninvasive methods have the advantage of reduced risk of negative factors associated with capture, comparisons to methods using more traditional invasive sampling is lacking. Historically kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis) occupied the desert and semi-arid regions of southwestern North America. Once the most abundant carnivore in the Great Basin Desert of Utah, the species is now considered rare. In recent decades, attempts have been made to model the environmental variables influencing kit fox distribution. Using noninvasive scat deposition surveys for determination of kit fox presence, we modeled resource selection functions to predict kit fox distribution using three popular techniques (Maxent, fixed-effects, and mixed-effects generalized linear models) and compared these with similar models developed from invasive sampling (telemetry locations from radio-collared foxes). Resource selection functions were developed using a combination of landscape variables including elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation height, and soil type. All models were tested against subsequent scat collections as a method of model validation. We demonstrate the importance of comparing multiple model types for development of resource selection functions used to predict a species distribution, and evaluating the importance of environmental variables on species distribution. All models we examined showed a large effect of elevation on kit fox presence, followed by slope and vegetation height. However, the invasive sampling method (i.e., radio-telemetry) appeared to be better at determining resource selection, and therefore may be more robust in predicting kit fox distribution. In contrast, the distribution maps created from the noninvasive sampling (i.e., scat transects) were significantly different than the invasive method, thus scat transects may be appropriate when used in an occupancy framework to predict species distribution. We concluded that while scat deposition transects may be useful for monitoring kit fox abundance and possibly occupancy, they do not appear to be appropriate for determining resource selection. On our study area, scat transects were biased to road-ways, while data collected using radio-telemetry was dictated by movements of the kit foxes themselves. We recommend that future studies applying noninvasive scat sampling should consider a more robust random sampling design across the landscape (e.g., random transects or more complete road coverage) that would then provide a more accurate and unbiased depiction of resource selection useful to predict kit fox distribution. C1 [Dempsey, Steven J.; Kluever, Bryan M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Gese, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Lonsinger, Robert C.; Waits, Lisette P.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Gese, EM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM eric.gese@usu.edu FU Quinney College of Natural Resources, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; Endangered Species Mitigation Fund of the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, Utah; U.S. Department of Defense Environmental Security Technology Certification Program; Legacy Resource Management Program; U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground, Environmental Programs, Dugway, Utah; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center; U.S. Department of Defense FX Funding and logistical support provided by the U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground, Environmental Programs, Dugway, Utah, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center. Additional funding provided by the Quinney College of Natural Resources, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, the Endangered Species Mitigation Fund of the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, Utah, and the U.S. Department of Defense Environmental Security Technology Certification Program, and the Legacy Resource Management Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 29 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 14 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0138995 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0138995 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CU0CK UT WOS:000363183100036 PM 26465332 ER PT J AU Bajgain, P Rouse, MN Bulli, P Bhavani, S Gordon, T Wanyera, R Njau, PN Legesse, W Anderson, JA Pumphrey, MO AF Bajgain, P. Rouse, M. N. Bulli, P. Bhavani, S. Gordon, T. Wanyera, R. Njau, P. N. Legesse, W. Anderson, J. A. Pumphrey, M. O. TI Association mapping of North American spring wheat breeding germplasm reveals loci conferring resistance to Ug99 and other African stem rust races SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Genome-wide association study; Stem rust of wheat; Ug99; Adult plant resistance; All-stage resistance; Resistance breeding ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; F-SP TRITICI; ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; SEEDLING RESISTANCE; CONSENSUS MAP; DURUM-WHEAT; MARKERS; GENE; IDENTIFICATION AB Background: The recently identified Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) race TTKSK (Ug99) poses a severe threat to global wheat production because of its broad virulence on several widely deployed resistance genes. Additional virulences have been detected in the Ug99 group of races, and the spread of this race group has been documented across wheat growing regions in Africa, the Middle East (Yemen), and West Asia (Iran). Other broadly virulent Pgt races, such as TRTTF and TKTTF, present further difficulties in maintaining abundant genetic resistance for their effective use in wheat breeding against this destructive fungal disease of wheat. In an effort to identify loci conferring resistance to these races, a genome-wide association study was carried out on a panel of 250 spring wheat breeding lines from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), six wheat breeding programs in the United States and three wheat breeding programs in Canada. Results: The lines included in this study were grouped into two major clusters, based on the results of principal component analysis using 23,976 SNP markers. Upon screening for adult plant resistance (APR) to Ug99 during 2013 and 2014 in artificial stem rust screening nurseries at Njoro, Kenya and at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia, several wheat lines were found to exhibit APR. The lines were also screened for resistance at the seedling stage against races TTKSK, TRTTF, and TKTTF at USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Laboratory in St. Paul, Minnesota; and only 9 of the 250 lines displayed seedling resistance to all the races. Using a mixed linear model, 27 SNP markers associated with APR against Ug99 were detected, including markers linked with the known APR gene Sr2. Using the same model, 23, 86, and 111 SNP markers associated with seedling resistance against races TTKSK, TRTTF, and TKTTF were identified, respectively. These included markers linked to the genes Sr8a and Sr11 providing seedling resistance to races TRTTF and TKTTF, respectively. We also identified putatively novel Sr resistance genes on chromosomes 3B, 4D, 5A, 5B, 6A, 7A, and 7B. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the North American wheat breeding lines have several resistance loci that provide APR and seedling resistance to highly virulent Pgt races. Using the resistant lines and the SNP markers identified in this study, marker-assisted resistance breeding can assist in development of varieties with elevated levels of resistance to virulent stem rust races including TTKSK. C1 [Bajgain, P.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bajgain, P.; Anderson, J. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Rouse, M. N.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Rouse, M. N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bulli, P.; Pumphrey, M. O.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bhavani, S.] Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, Nairobi, Kenya. [Gordon, T.] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Wanyera, R.; Njau, P. N.] KALRO, Njoro, Kenya. [Legesse, W.] EIAR, Pawe, Ethiopia. RP Bajgain, P (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, 915 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM bajga002@umn.edu; ander319@umn.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011; OI bhavani, sridhar/0000-0002-4091-2608 FU USDA-NIFA Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP Grant) [2011-68002-30029]; Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; United Kingdom Department for International Development; USDA-ARS National Plant Disease Recovery System; USDA-ARS [3640-21220-021-00] FX Funding for this project was provided by the USDA-NIFA Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP Grant no. 2011-68002-30029), the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project administrated by Cornell University and funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the United Kingdom Department for International Development, the USDA-ARS National Plant Disease Recovery System, and USDA-ARS appropriated project 3640-21220-021-00. Lines for the AM panel were contributed by Curtis Pozniak (University of Saskatchewan), Dean Spaner (University of Alberta), Gavin Humphries (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada), Jianli Chen (University of Idaho), Karl Glover (South Dakota State University), Jim Anderson (University of Minnesota), Jorge Dubcovsky (University of California-Davis), Luther Talbert (Montana State University), Mike Pumphrey (Washington State University), Pierre Hucl (University of Saskatchewan), Ron DePauw (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada), Ron Knox (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada), and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). We also thank our colleagues at the USDA-ARS Small Grains Genotyping Center, the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), and University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute for providing the necessary resources at various stages of this study. NR 76 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 25 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD OCT 14 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 249 DI 10.1186/s12870-015-0628-9 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CT7GV UT WOS:000362983700001 PM 26467989 ER PT J AU Dorado, C Mullen, CA Boateng, AA AF Dorado, Christina Mullen, Charles A. Boateng, Alcwasi A. TI Coprocessing of Agricultural Plastic Waste and Switchgrass via Tail Gas Reactive Pyrolysis SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CATALYTIC FAST PYROLYSIS; LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; FLUIDIZED-BED REACTOR; CO-PYROLYSIS; BIOMASS; OIL; CELLULOSE; PRODUCTS; CRACKING; SCALE AB Pyrolysis of mixtures of agricultural plastic waste in the form of polyethylene hay bale covers (PE) (4-37%) and switchgrass were investigated using the US Department of Agriculture's tail gas reactive pyrolysis (TGRP) process at different temperatures (400-570 degrees C). TGRP of switchgrass and plastic mixtures significantly reduced the formation of waxy solids that are produced during regular pyrolysis. Under an atmosphere of approximately 70% recycled tail gas, mostly noncondensable gases were produced along with highly deoxygenated and aromaticized pyrolysis oil. When the atmosphere was diluted further to a recycled tail gas concentration of about 55%, higher yields of liquid product were achieved but with less deoxygenation. TGRP of low plastic mixtures (4-8%) produced oils with increased carbon and reduced oxygen content compared to the fast pyrolysis of switchgrass alone. Noncondensable gas fractions containing high concentrations of H-2, CO, ethylene, and other light hydrocarbons remained a significant portion of the product mixture at temperatures above 500 degrees C. C1 [Dorado, Christina; Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Alcwasi A.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Mullen, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM charles.mullen@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD OCT 14 PY 2015 VL 54 IS 40 BP 9887 EP 9893 DI 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02597 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA CT7NO UT WOS:000363002000024 ER PT J AU Tabashnik, BE Zhang, M Fabrick, JA Wu, YD Gao, MJ Huang, FN Wei, JZ Zhang, J Yelich, A Unnithan, GC Bravo, A Soberon, M Carriere, Y Li, XC AF Tabashnik, Bruce E. Zhang, Min Fabrick, Jeffrey A. Wu, Yidong Gao, Meijing Huang, Fangneng Wei, Jizhen Zhang, Jie Yelich, Alexander Unnithan, Gopalan C. Bravo, Alejandra Soberon, Mario Carriere, Yves Li, Xianchun TI Dual mode of action of Bt proteins: protoxin efficacy against resistant insects SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXINS; EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; FIELD-EVOLVED RESISTANCE; HELICOVERPA-ZEA BODDIE; CRY1AC TOXIN; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS; COTTON BOLLWORM; SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS; PEST RESISTANCE; SUGARCANE BORER AB Transgenic crops that produce Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins for pest control are grown extensively, but insect adaptation can reduce their effectiveness. Established mode of action models assert that Bt proteins Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac are produced as inactive protoxins that require conversion to a smaller activated form to exert toxicity. However, contrary to this widely accepted paradigm, we report evidence from seven resistant strains of three major crop pests showing that Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac protoxins were generally more potent than the corresponding activated toxins. Moreover, resistance was higher to activated toxins than protoxins in eight of nine cases evaluated in this study. These data and previously reported results support a new model in which protoxins and activated toxins kill insects via different pathways. Recognizing that protoxins can be more potent than activated toxins against resistant insects may help to enhance and sustain the efficacy of transgenic Bt crops. C1 [Tabashnik, Bruce E.; Zhang, Min; Wei, Jizhen; Yelich, Alexander; Unnithan, Gopalan C.; Carriere, Yves; Li, Xianchun] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Fabrick, Jeffrey A.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Wu, Yidong; Gao, Meijing] Nanjing Agr Univ, Dept Entomol, Coll Plant Protect, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Huang, Fangneng] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Wei, Jizhen; Zhang, Jie] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100026, Peoples R China. [Bravo, Alejandra; Soberon, Mario] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biotecnol, Cuernavaca 62250, Morelos, Mexico. RP Tabashnik, BE (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM brucet@cals.arizona.edu RI Wu, Yidong/E-9720-2012 OI Wu, Yidong/0000-0003-3456-3373 FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grants [2011-33522-30729]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31272382] FX We thank Andrea Mathias and Dale Spurgeon for thoughtful comments that improved the paper. This work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grants program (2011-33522-30729) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 31272382. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 44 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 12 PY 2015 VL 5 AR 15107 DI 10.1038/srep15107 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT1MC UT WOS:000362561500001 PM 26455902 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ Etienne, J AF Gagne, Raymond J. Etienne, Jean TI Three new genera and three new species of Lasiopteridi (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Rubiaceae from Guadeloupe, French West Indies, and a key to genera of Neotropical Lasiopteridi unplaced to tribe SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Lasiopteridi; Faramea; Psychotria; gall midges; Neotropical AB Three new genera of Lasiopteridi (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Faramitella Gagne, new genus, Anapeza Gagne, new genus, and Pellacara Gagne, new genus, each with one new species, are described. The new species are from leaf galls on Rubiaceae collected in Guadeloupe, F.W.I.: Faramitella planicauda Gagne, new species, was reared from Faramea occidentalis (L.) A. Rich.; Anapeza tumida Gagne, new species, and Pellacara postica, new species, were both reared from Psychotria mapourioides DC. The three new genera belong to Lasiopteridi but are unassigned to tribe. A key to the adult stage of these and 23 other Neotropical genera of unplaced Lasiopteridi whose adults are known is provided. C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Etienne, Jean] Ctr Antilles Guyane, Inst Natl Rech Agron, F-97170 Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Smithsonian Inst, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov; jean.etienne2@wanadoo.fr NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD OCT 12 PY 2015 VL 4028 IS 4 BP 511 EP 526 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CT2QK UT WOS:000362648100003 PM 26624324 ER PT J AU Solorzano, JA Gilles, J Bravo, O Vargas, C Gomez-Bonilla, Y Bingham, GV Taylor, DB AF Solorzano, Jose-Arturo Gilles, Jeremie Bravo, Oscar Vargas, Cristina Gomez-Bonilla, Yannery Bingham, Georgina V. Taylor, David B. TI Biology and Trapping of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) Developing in Pineapple Residues (Ananas comosus) in Costa Rica SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE mass trapping; Vavoua; Nzi; Stomoxys calcitrans ID STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS DIPTERA; GLOSSINA-PALLIDIPES; REUNION ISLAND; STICKY TRAPS; NIGER-NIGER; TSETSE; POPULATIONS; TEMPERATURE; ABUNDANCE; ALSYNITE AB Pineapple production in Costa Rica increased nearly 300-fold during the last 30 yr, and >40,000 hectares of land are currently dedicated to this crop. At the end of the pineapple cropping cycle, plants are chopped and residues incorporated into the soil in preparation for replanting. Associated with increased pineapple production has been a large increase in stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), populations. Stable flies are attracted to, and oviposit in, the decomposing, chopped pineapple residues. In conjunction with chemical control of developing larvae, adult trapping is an important control strategy. In this study, four blue-black fabric traps, Nzi, Vavoua, Model H, and Ngu, were compared with a white sticky trap currently used for stable fly control in Costa Rica. Overall, the white sticky trap caught the highest number of stable flies, followed by the Nzi, Vavoua, Model H, and Ngu. Collections on the white sticky trap increased 16 d after residues were chopped; coinciding with the expected emergence of flies developing in the pineapple residues. During this same time period, collections in the blue-black fabric traps decreased. Sex ratio decreased from >7:1 (females: males) 3-7 d after chopping to 1:1 at 24-28 d. White sticky, Nzi and Vavoua traps collected similar numbers of colonizing flies 3-7 d after residues were chopped. However, white sticky traps collected more flies once emergence from the pineapple residues began. Although white sticky traps collected more flies than fabric traps, they remain labor intensive and environmentally unsound because of their disposable and nonbiodegradable nature. C1 [Solorzano, Jose-Arturo; Bravo, Oscar; Vargas, Cristina; Gomez-Bonilla, Yannery] Inst Nacl Innovac & Transferencia Tecnol Agr INTA, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Gilles, Jeremie] FAO IAEA Agr & Biotechnol Labs, Joint FAO IAEA Div Nucl Tech Food & Agr, Insect Pest Control Lab, Seibersdorf, Austria. [Bingham, Georgina V.] Vestergaard Frandsen SA, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Taylor, David B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Taylor, DB (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM dave.taylor@ars.usda.gov RI Taylor, David/G-6025-2014 OI Taylor, David/0000-0002-4378-4867 FU Food and Agriculture Organization/International Atomic Energy Agency (FAO/IAEA) Insect Pest Control Section; Technical Cooperation Department of the IAEA [COS5030]; Innovacion y Transferencia de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA) Costa Rica FX We thank Jairo Trevino and Deiber Porras (PINDECO-Del Monte, Finca Pital) for their assistance in daily set of traps and all collaboration for the field records and climate data. We thank Mr. Jesus Reyes of the Food and Agriculture Organization/International Atomic Energy Agency (FAO/IAEA) Insect Pest Control Section and the Technical Cooperation Department of the IAEA for their technical and financial support through project COS5030. Vestergaard Frandsen S.A. kindly provided fabric traps for this study. This work was partially supported by Innovacion y Transferencia de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA) Costa Rica and it is a component of national stable fly management program at Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganaderia (MAG/INTA). NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1536-2442 EI 2250-2645 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD OCT 10 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 145 DI 10.1093/jisesa/iev127 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CV5KG UT WOS:000364308400001 ER PT J AU Nham, NT de Freitas, ST Macnish, AJ Carr, KM Kietikul, T Guilatco, AJ Jiang, CZ Zakharov, F Mitcham, EJ AF Nham, Ngoc T. de Freitas, Sergio Tonetto Macnish, Andrew J. Carr, Kevin M. Kietikul, Trisha Guilatco, Angelo J. Jiang, Cai-Zhong Zakharov, Florence Mitcham, Elizabeth J. TI A transcriptome approach towards understanding the development of ripening capacity in 'Bartlett' pears (Pyrus communis L.) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE RNA-Seq; EBSeq; Cell wall; Auxin; Ethylene; bZIP; AP2/EREBP; bHLH; WRKY; Aux/IAA ID ENDOGENOUS JASMONIC ACID; CELL-WALL METABOLISM; FRUIT-DEVELOPMENT; GENE-EXPRESSION; RNA-SEQ; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS; TOMATO FRUIT; CLIMACTERIC FRUIT; AUXIN RESPONSE; COLD-STORAGE AB Background: The capacity of European pear fruit (Pyrus communis L.) to ripen after harvest develops during the final stages of growth on the tree. The objective of this study was to characterize changes in 'Bartlett' pear fruit physico-chemical properties and transcription profiles during fruit maturation leading to attainment of ripening capacity. Results: The softening response of pear fruit held for 14 days at 20 degrees C after harvest depended on their maturity. We identified four maturity stages: S1-failed to soften and S2-displayed partial softening (with or without ET-ethylene treatment); S3 - able to soften following ET; and S4 - able to soften without ET. Illumina sequencing and Trinity assembly generated 68,010 unigenes (mean length of 911 bp), of which 32.8 % were annotated to the RefSeq plant database. Higher numbers of differentially expressed transcripts were recorded in the S3-S4 and S1-S2 transitions (2805 and 2505 unigenes, respectively) than in the S2-S3 transition (2037 unigenes). High expression of genes putatively encoding pectin degradation enzymes in the S1-S2 transition suggests pectic oligomers may be involved as early signals triggering the transition to responsiveness to ethylene in pear fruit. Moreover, the co-expression of these genes with Exps (Expansins) suggests their collaboration in modifying cell wall polysaccharide networks that are required for fruit growth. K-means cluster analysis revealed that auxin signaling associated transcripts were enriched in cluster K6 that showed the highest gene expression at S3. AP2/EREBP (APETALA 2/ethylene response element binding protein) and bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) transcripts were enriched in all three transition S1-S2, S2-S3, and S3-S4. Several members of Aux/IAA (Auxin/indole-3-acetic acid), ARF (Auxin response factors), and WRKY appeared to play an important role in orchestrating the S2-S3 transition. Conclusions: We identified maturity stages associated with the development of ripening capacity in 'Bartlett' pear, and described the transcription profile of fruit at these stages. Our findings suggest that auxin is essential in regulating the transition of pear fruit from being ethylene-unresponsive (S2) to ethylene-responsive (S3), resulting in fruit softening. The transcriptome will be helpful for future studies about specific developmental pathways regulating the transition to ripening. C1 [Nham, Ngoc T.; de Freitas, Sergio Tonetto; Macnish, Andrew J.; Kietikul, Trisha; Guilatco, Angelo J.; Zakharov, Florence; Mitcham, Elizabeth J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Carr, Kevin M.] Michigan State Univ, Res Technol Support Facil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Jiang, Cai-Zhong] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Nham, NT (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ntnham@ucdavis.edu; ejmitcham@ucdavis.edu OI Zakharov, Florence/0000-0003-3327-6145 FU Vietnam Education Foundation; Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis; California Pear Advisory Board; AgroFresh, Inc.; USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative [09-51181-05783] FX NN received funding from the Vietnam Education Foundation and the Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis. We acknowledge the California Pear Advisory Board, AgroFresh, Inc., and USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative Grant No. 09-51181-05783 for financial support, and Beth Robbins for supplying fruit material. We would like to thank Ryan Kim and Henriette O'Green for carrying out Illumina sequencing. We also would like to thank Raymond Wong for consultation on the K-means clustering, Ning Leng for consulting on EBSeq, Vu Le and Linh Huynh for advising on bioinformatics, and Katie Roger and Eric Lee for revising this manuscript. We highly appreciated the help of John Labavitch in cell wall discussion and manuscript review. NR 96 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 29 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 9 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 762 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-1939-9 PG 20 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CT0KI UT WOS:000362483700002 PM 26452470 ER PT J AU Zempleni, J Baier, SR Hirschi, K AF Zempleni, Janos Baier, Scott R. Hirschi, Kendal TI Diet-responsive MicroRNAs Are Likely Exogenous SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter C1 [Zempleni, Janos; Baier, Scott R.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Nutr & Hlth Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Hirschi, Kendal] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Hirschi, Kendal] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Zempleni, J (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Nutr & Hlth Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jzempleni2@unl.edu; srbaier@hotmail.com; kendalh@bcm.edu NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 9 PY 2015 VL 290 IS 41 BP 25197 EP 25197 DI 10.1074/jbc.L115.687830 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA CT1YF UT WOS:000362598300046 PM 26453700 ER PT J AU Haavik, LJ Dodds, KJ Allison, JD AF Haavik, Laurel J. Dodds, Kevin J. Allison, Jeremy D. TI Do Native Insects and Associated Fungi Limit Non-Native Woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, Survival in a Newly Invaded Environment? SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PARASITOID IBALIA-LEUCOSPOIDES; BORER COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; TWOLINED CHESTNUT BORER; ASIAN LONGHORNED BEETLE; GOLDSPOTTED OAK BORER; HYMENOPTERA-SIRICIDAE; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; NORTH-AMERICA; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION AB Sirex noctilio F. (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) is an introduced pest of pines (Pinus spp.) in several countries in the Southern Hemisphere. Although S. noctilio is established in North America (first discovered in 2004), it has not been a destructive pest there so far, where forest communities more closely resemble those in its native Eurasian range-where it is not a pest. To investigate the influence of the existing community of associated insects (competitors + natural enemies) and fungi (vectored by insects) on S. noctilio survival in North America, we examined stage-specific mortality factors and their relative importance, generating life tables drawn from experimentally-manipulated and natural cohorts of Sirex spp. (mostly S. noctilio, but some native S. nigricornis F.). For both natural and experimentally-manipulated cohorts, factors which acted during the earliest Sirex life stages, most likely tree resistance and/or competition among fungal associates, were paramount in dictating woodwasp survival. Experimentally-manipulated life tables revealed that protection from the community of associates resulted in a significantly, and substantially larger (>15x) S. noctilio F1 generation than exposure to it. Seventy percent of generation mortality in the exposed cohort was due to tree resistance or unknown causes early in larval development, which could have included competition among other bark-or wood-inhabiting insects and/or their fungal associates. Only 46% of generation mortality in the protected cohort was due to tree resistance and/or unknown causes. Parasitoids, particularly endoparasitoids (Ibalia spp.), showed limited ability to control S. noctilio, and reduced the experimentally-established cohort by only 11%, and natural cohorts an average of 3.4%. The relative importance of tree resistance vs. competition with bark- and wood-borers in reducing S. noctilio survival remains unclear. Tree resistance and/or competition likely contribute more than natural enemies in maintaining the S. noctilio population in North America below damaging levels. C1 [Haavik, Laurel J.; Allison, Jeremy D.] Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. [Dodds, Kevin J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, Durham, NH USA. RP Haavik, LJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM ljhaavik@gmail.com OI Haavik, Laurel/0000-0002-7749-9095 FU Natural Resources Canada; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources; USDA Forest Service-Forest Health Protection FX This collaborative work was funded in part by Natural Resources Canada, The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, and the USDA Forest Service-Forest Health Protection. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 8 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0138516 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0138516 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT0TW UT WOS:000362511000009 PM 26447845 ER PT J AU van Oss, R Abbo, S Eshed, R Sherman, A Coyne, CJ Vandemark, GJ Zhang, HB Peleg, Z AF van Oss, Ruth Abbo, Shahal Eshed, Ravit Sherman, Amir Coyne, Clarice J. Vandemark, George J. Zhang, Hong-Bin Peleg, Zvi TI Genetic Relationship in Cicer Sp Expose Evidence for Geneflow between the Cultigen and Its Wild Progenitor SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CORE AREA HYPOTHESIS; NEAR-EAST; SINGLE DOMESTICATION; WHEAT DOMESTICATION; PLANT DOMESTICATION; ORYZA-SATIVA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR DIVERSITY; PULSE DOMESTICATION AB There is a debate concerning mono-or poly-phyletic origins of the Near Eastern crops. In parallel, some authors claim that domestication was not possible within the natural range of the wild progenitors due to wild alleles flow into the nascent crops. Here we address both, the mono-or poly-phyletic origins and the domestications within or without the natural range of the progenitor, debates in order to understand the relationship between domesticated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and its wild progenitor (C. reticulatum Ladizinsky) with special emphasis on its domestication centre in southeastern Turkey. A set of 103 chickpea cultivars and landraces from the major growing regions alongside wild accessions (C. reticulatum, C. echinospermum P. H Davis and C. bijugum K. H. Rech) sampled across the natural distribution range in eastern Turkey were genotyped with 194 SNPs markers. The genetic affinities between and within the studied taxa were assessed. The analysis suggests a mono-phyletic origin of the cultigen, with several wild accession as likely members of the wild stock of the cultigen. Clear separation between the wild and domesticated germplasm was apparent, with negligible level of admixture. A single C. reticulatum accession shows morphological and allelic signatures of admixture, a likely result of introgression. No evidence of geneflow from the wild into domesticated germplasm was found. The traditional farming systems of southeaster Turkey are characterized by occurrence of sympatric wild progenitor-domesticated forms of chickpea (and likewise cereals and other grain legumes). Therefore, both the authentic crop landraces and the wild populations native to the area are a unique genetic resource. Our results grant support to the notion of domestication within the natural distribution range of the wild progenitor, suggesting that the Neolithic domesticators were fully capable of selecting the desired phenotypes even when facing rare wild-domesticated introgression events. C1 [van Oss, Ruth; Abbo, Shahal; Peleg, Zvi] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Robert H Smith Inst Plant Sci & Genet Agr, Levi Eshkol Sch Agr, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Eshed, Ravit; Sherman, Amir] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Genom Unit, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Coyne, Clarice J.; Vandemark, George J.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Zhang, Hong-Bin] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zhang, Hong-Bin] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Abbo, S (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Robert H Smith Inst Plant Sci & Genet Agr, Levi Eshkol Sch Agr, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM shahal.abbo@mail.huji.ac.il; zvi.peleg@mail.huji.ac.il OI Peleg, Zvi/0000-0001-8063-1619 FU BARD, The United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [IS-4427-11C]; Hebrew University of Jerusalem FX This research was supported in part by Research Grant No. IS-4427-11C from BARD, The United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund. http://www.bardisus.com". Stipend support to the senior author (RvO) during her PhD studies was provided by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. There was no additional external funding received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 8 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0139789 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0139789 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT0TW UT WOS:000362511000054 PM 26447951 ER PT J AU Kantar, MB Sosa, CC Khoury, CK Castaneda-Alvarez, NP Achicanoy, HA Bernau, V Kane, NC Marek, L Seiler, G Rieseberg, LH AF Kantar, Michael B. Sosa, Chrystian C. Khoury, Colin K. Castaneda-Alvarez, Nora P. Achicanoy, Harold A. Bernau, Vivian Kane, Nolan C. Marek, Laura Seiler, Gerald Rieseberg, Loren H. TI Ecogeography and utility to plant breeding of the crop wild relatives of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE conservation; climate change; crop wild relatives; ecological niche modeling; plant breeding; plant genetic resources; publicly available data sources ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; LAST 20 YEARS; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS; GENETIC-RESOURCES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RANGE SIZE; SPECIATION; DIFFERENTIATION; CONSERVATISM AB Crop wild relatives (CWR) are a rich source of genetic diversity for crop improvement. Combining ecogeographic and phylogenetic techniques can inform both conservation and breeding. Geographic occurrence, bioclimatic, and biophysical data were used to predict species distributions, range overlap and niche occupancy in 36 taxa closely related to sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Taxa lacking comprehensive ex situ conservation were identified. The predicted distributions for 36 Helianthus taxa identified substantial range overlap, range asymmetry and niche conservatism. Specific taxa (e.g., Helianthus deblis Nutt., Helianthus anomalus Blake, and Helianthus divancatus L.) were identified as targets for traits of interest, particularly for abiotic stress tolerance, and adaptation to extreme soil properties. The combination of techniques demonstrates the potential for publicly available ecogeographic and phylogenetic data to facilitate the identification of possible sources of abiotic stress traits for plant breeding programs. Much of the primary genepool (wild H. annuus) occurs in extreme environments indicating that introgression of targeted traits may be relatively straightforward. Sister taxa in Helianthus have greater range overlap than more distantly related taxa within the genus. This adds to a growing body of literature suggesting that in plants (unlike some animal groups), geographic isolation may not be necessary for speciation. C1 [Kantar, Michael B.; Rieseberg, Loren H.] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Kantar, Michael B.; Rieseberg, Loren H.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Kantar, Michael B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sosa, Chrystian C.; Khoury, Colin K.; Castaneda-Alvarez, Nora P.; Achicanoy, Harold A.; Bernau, Vivian] Ctr Int Agr Trop, Cali, Colombia. [Khoury, Colin K.] Wageningen Univ, Ctr Crop Syst Anal, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Castaneda-Alvarez, Nora P.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Bernau, Vivian] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kane, Nolan C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Marek, Laura] Iowa State Univ, North Cent Reg Plant Introduct Stn, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. [Marek, Laura] ARS, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Seiler, Gerald] ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND USA. [Rieseberg, Loren H.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN USA. RP Kantar, MB (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. EM kant0063@umn.edu RI Sosa, Chrystian Camilo/I-6787-2016; OI Sosa, Chrystian Camilo/0000-0002-3734-3248; Khoury, Colin K./0000-0001-7893-5744; Castaneda-Alvarez, Nora P./0000-0003-1827-4782; Rieseberg, Loren/0000-0002-2712-2417; Kantar, Michael/0000-0001-5542-0975 FU Government of Norway; National Sunflower Association; U.S. National Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Genome BC; Genome Canada FX This work was undertaken as part of the initiative "Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: Conserving, Protecting and Preparing Crop Wild Relatives" which is supported by the Government of Norway. The project is managed by the Global Crop Diversity Trust with the Millennium Seed Bank of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK and implemented in partnership with national and international genebanks and plant breeding institutes around the world. For further information, go to the project website: http://www.cwrdiversity.org/. Funding was provided by the aforementioned initiative, The National Sunflower Association, The U.S. National Science Foundation, The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Genome BC, and Genome Canada. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 32 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD OCT 8 PY 2015 VL 6 AR 841 DI 10.3389/fpls.2015.00841 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CS9SH UT WOS:000362431400002 PM 26500675 ER PT J AU Ryan, MG AF Ryan, Michael G. TI Large trees losing out to drought SO NATURE PLANTS LA English DT News Item AB Large trees deliver many benefits to forest ecosystems, including the provision of habitats for other species and the storage of carbon. A synthesis of tree growth and mortality data from around the globe now suggests that under drought large trees are dying in higher numbers than smaller trees. C1 [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Ryan, MG (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM mike.ryan@colostate.edu NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2055-026X EI 2055-0278 J9 NAT PLANTS JI Nat. Plants PD OCT 6 PY 2015 VL 1 IS 10 AR 15150 DI 10.1038/NPLANTS.2015.150 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6XP UT WOS:000364415600003 ER PT J AU Callaway, TR Sheridan, TG AF Callaway, Todd R. Sheridan, Trisha G. TI Smarter arrow now available in the food safety quiver SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI-CELLS; INHIBITORY-ACTIVITY; FORMING COLICINS; STRAINS; E1; O157-H7; IMPORT C1 [Callaway, Todd R.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Sheridan, Trisha G.] Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Callaway, TR (reprint author), ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM todd.callaway@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 6 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 40 BP 12230 EP 12231 DI 10.1073/pnas.1516670112 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT9GQ UT WOS:000363125400020 PM 26401021 ER PT J AU Zhang, ML Sun, JH Chen, P AF Zhang, Mengliang Sun, Jianghao Chen, Pei TI FlavonQ: An Automated Data Processing Tool for Profiling Flavone and Flavonol Glycosides with Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Diode Array Detection-High Resolution Accurate Mass-Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HYDROXYCINNAMIC ACID-DERIVATIVES; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; IDENTIFICATION; HPLC; FOOD; METABOLOMICS; MS; QUANTIFICATION; ANTHOCYANINS; VEGETABLES AB Profiling flavonoids in natural products poses a great challenge due to the diversity of flavonoids, the lack of commercially available standards, and the complexity of plant matrixes. The increasingly popular use of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detection high resolution accurate mass mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRAM-MS) for the analysis of flavonoids has provided more definitive information but also vastly increased amounts of data. Thus, mining of the UHPLC-HRAM-MS data is a very daunting, labor-intensive, and expertise-dependent process. An automated data processing tool, FlavonQ was developed that can transfer field-acquired expertise into data analysis and facilitate flavonoid research. FlavonQ is an "expert system" designed for automated data analysis of flavone and flavonol glycosides, two important subclasses of flavonoids. FlavonQ is capable of data format conversion, peak detection, flavone and flavonol glycoside peak extraction, flavone and flavonol glycoside identification, and production of quantitative results. An expert system was applied to the determination of flavone and flavonol glycosides in nine different plants with an average execution time of less than 1 min. The results obtained by FlavonQ were in good agreement with those determined conventionally by a flavonoid expert. C1 [Zhang, Mengliang; Sun, Jianghao; Chen, Pei] ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chen, P (reprint author), ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM pei.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Sun, Jianghao/A-6134-2010; Zhang, Mengliang/J-3573-2015 OI Zhang, Mengliang/0000-0001-8366-0052 FU Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture; Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health FX This research is supported by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, an Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 6 PY 2015 VL 87 IS 19 BP 9974 EP 9981 DI 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02624 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA CT2JU UT WOS:000362628600067 PM 26359695 ER PT J AU Angelino, D Dosz, EB Sun, J Hoeflinger, JL Van Tassell, ML Chen, P Harnly, JM Miller, MJ Jeffery, EH AF Angelino, Donato Dosz, Edward B. Sun, Jianghao Hoeflinger, Jennifer L. Van Tassell, Maxwell L. Chen, Pei Harnly, James M. Miller, Michael J. Jeffery, Elizabeth H. TI Myrosinase-dependent and -independent formation and control of isothiocyanate products of glucosinolate hydrolysis SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE isothiocyanate; myrosinase; glucosinolate hydrolysis; microbiome; thiol binding; sulforaphane ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FRESH BROCCOLI; SULFORAPHANE; BIOAVAILABILITY; METABOLISM; GLUCORAPHANIN; CONSUMPTION; DERIVATIVES; EXPRESSION; VEGETABLES AB Brassicales contain a myrosinase enzyme that hydrolyzes glucosinolates to form toxic isothiocyanates (ITC), as a defense against bacteria, fungi, insects and herbivores including man. Low levels of ITC trigger a host defense system in mammals that protects them against chronic diseases. Because humans typically cook their brassica vegetables, destroying myrosinase, there is a great interest in determining how human microbiota can hydrolyze glucosinolates and release them, to provide the health benefits of ITC. ITC are highly reactive electrophiles, binding reversibly to thiols, but accumulating and causing damage when free thiols are not available. We found that addition of excess thiols released protein-thiol-bound ITC, but that the microbiome supports only poor hydrolysis unless exposed to dietary glucosinolates for a period of days. These findings explain why 3-5 servings a week of brassica vegetables may provide health effects, even if they are cooked. C1 [Angelino, Donato; Dosz, Edward B.; Hoeflinger, Jennifer L.; Van Tassell, Maxwell L.; Miller, Michael J.; Jeffery, Elizabeth H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sun, Jianghao; Chen, Pei; Harnly, James M.] USDA, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jeffery, EH (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, 905 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ejeffery@illinois.edu RI Sun, Jianghao/A-6134-2010; OI Van Tassell, Maxwell/0000-0003-2216-4914; Miller, Michael/0000-0001-8579-1080; Hoeflinger, Jennifer/0000-0002-3342-3611 NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 30 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD OCT 6 PY 2015 VL 6 AR 831 DI 10.3389/fpls.2015.00831 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CS9SC UT WOS:000362430800001 PM 26500669 ER PT J AU Yang, T Fang, L Zhang, XY Hu, JG Bao, SY Hao, JJ Li, L He, YH Jiang, JY Wang, F Tian, SF Zong, XX AF Yang, Tao Fang, Li Zhang, Xiaoyan Hu, Jinguo Bao, Shiying Hao, Junjie Li, Ling He, Yuhua Jiang, Junye Wang, Fang Tian, Shufang Zong, Xuxiao TI High-Throughput Development of SSR Markers from Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Based on Next Generation Sequencing of a Purified Chinese Commercial Variety SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; MICROSATELLITE DEVELOPMENT; GENOME; VALIDATION; SOFTWARE; POLYMORPHISM; INFERENCE AB Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important food legume globally, and is the plant species that J.G. Mendel used to lay the foundation of modern genetics. However, genomics resources of pea are limited comparing to other crop species. Application of marker assisted selection (MAS) in pea breeding has lagged behind many other crops. Development of a large number of novel and reliable SSR (simple sequence repeat) or microsatellite markers will help both basic and applied genomics research of this crop. The Illumina HiSeq 2500 System was used to uncover 8,899 putative SSR containing sequences, and 3,275 non-redundant primers were designed to amplify these SSRs. Among the 1,644 SSRs that were randomly selected for primer validation, 841 yielded reliable amplifications of detectable polymorphisms among 24 genotypes of cultivated pea (Pisum sativum L.) and wild relatives (P. ful-vum Sm.) originated from diverse geographical locations. The dataset indicated that the allele number per locus ranged from 2 to 10, and that the polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.08 to 0.82 with an average of 0.38. These 1,644 novel SSR markers were also tested for polymorphism between genotypes G0003973 and G0005527. Finally, 33 polymorphic SSR markers were anchored on the genetic linkage map of G0003973 x G0005527 F-2 population. C1 [Yang, Tao; Fang, Li; Jiang, Junye; Wang, Fang; Tian, Shufang; Zong, Xuxiao] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Natl Key Facil Crop Gene Resources & Genet Improv, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Xiaoyan; Hao, Junjie] Qingdao Acad Agr Sci, Qingdao, Peoples R China. [Hu, Jinguo] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bao, Shiying; He, Yuhua] Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Grain Crops, Kunming, Peoples R China. [Li, Ling] Liaoning Acad Agr Sci, Inst Cash Crops, Liaoyang, Peoples R China. RP Zong, XX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Natl Key Facil Crop Gene Resources & Genet Improv, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM zongxuxiao@caas.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31371695]; China Agriculture Research System [CARS-09]; Social Development of Science and Technology Plan from Yunnan Government [2013BB010]; Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP) in CAAS FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31371695), China Agriculture Research System (No. CARS-09), Social Development of Science and Technology Plan (No. 2013BB010) from Yunnan Government, and also granted by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP) in CAAS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 30 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 6 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0139775 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0139775 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT0TP UT WOS:000362510300051 PM 26440522 ER PT J AU Wen, YQ Zhong, GY Gao, Y Lan, YB Duan, CQ Pan, QH AF Wen, Ya-Qin Zhong, Gan-Yuan Gao, Yuan Lan, Yi-Bin Duan, Chang-Qing Pan, Qiu-Hong TI Using the combined analysis of transcripts and metabolites to propose key genes for differential terpene accumulation across two regions SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Terpene profiling; Transcriptome; Monoterpenol glucosyltransferases; Aromatic grape variety ID GLYCOSIDICALLY-BOUND MONOTERPENES; HYDROXYMETHYLBUTENYL DIPHOSPHATE REDUCTASE; VITIS-VINIFERA L.; CABERNET-SAUVIGNON; ISOPRENOID BIOSYNTHESIS; AROMA COMPOUNDS; VOLATILE PROFILES; BERRY DEVELOPMENT; GROWING REGIONS; GRAPE VARIETIES AB Background: Terpenes are of great interest to winemakers because of their extremely low perception thresholds and pleasant floral odors. Even for the same variety, terpene profile can be substantially different for grapevine growing environments. Recently a series of genes required for terpene biosynthesis were biochemically characterized in grape berries. However, the genes that dominate the differential terpene accumulation of grape berries between regions have yet to be identified. Methods: Free and glycosidically-bound terpenes were identified and quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The transcription expression profiling of the genes was obtained by RNA sequencing and part of the results were verified by quantitative real time PCR (QPCR). The gene co-expression networks were constructed with the Cytoscape software v 2.8.2 (www.cytoscape.org). Results: 'Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains' berries were collected from two wine-producing regions with strikingly different climates, Gaotai (GT) in Gansu Province and Changli (CL) in Hebei Province in China, at four developmental stages for two consecutive years. GC-MS analysis demonstrated that both free and glycosidically bound terpenes accumulated primarily after veraison and that mature grape berries from CL contained significantly higher concentrations of free and glycosidically bound terpenes than berries from GT. Transcriptome analysis revealed that some key genes involved in terpene biosynthesis were markedly up-regulated in the CL region. Particularly in the MEP pathway, the expression of VviHDR (1-hydroxy-2-methyl- 2-butenyl 4-diphosphate reductase) paralleled with the accumulation of terpenes, which can promote the flow of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) into the terpene synthetic pathway. The glycosidically bound monoterpenes accumulated differentially along with maturation in both regions, which is synchronous with the expression of a monoterpene glucosyltransferase gene (VviUGT85A2L4 (VviGT14)). Other genes were also found to be related to the differential accumulation of terpenes and monoterpene glycosides in the grapes between regions. Transcription factors that could regulate terpene synthesis were predicted through gene co-expression network analysis. Additionally, the genes involved in abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene signal responses were expressed at high levels earlier in GT grapes than in CL grapes. Conclusions: Differential production of free and glycosidically-bound terpenes in grape berries across GT and CL regions should be related at least to the expression of both VviHDR and VviUGT85A2L4 (VviGT14). Considering the expression patterns of both transcription factors and mature-related genes, we infer that less rainfall and stronger sunshine in the GT region could initiate the earlier expression of ripening-related genes and accelerate the berry maturation, eventually limiting the production of terpene volatiles. C1 [Wen, Ya-Qin; Gao, Yuan; Lan, Yi-Bin; Duan, Chang-Qing; Pan, Qiu-Hong] China Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Nutr Engn, Ctr Viticulture & Enol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Zhong, Gan-Yuan] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Wen, Ya-Qin] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Bee Res Inst, Bee Prod Qual Supervis & Testing Ctr, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. RP Pan, QH (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Nutr Engn, Ctr Viticulture & Enol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM panqh@cau.edu.cn FU Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education in China [20120008110021]; National Nature Science Foundation [31272118] FX This research was financially supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education in China (No. 20120008110021 to Pan Q.H.) and the National Nature Science Foundation (No. 31272118 to Pan Q.H.). The RNA-seq work was carried out at the USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Grape Genetics Research Unit in Geneva, New York, USA. NR 85 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 41 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD OCT 6 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 240 DI 10.1186/s12870-015-0631-1 PG 22 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CS9GW UT WOS:000362399100003 PM 26444528 ER PT J AU Fahlgren, N Feldman, M Gehan, MA Wilson, MS Shyu, C Bryant, DW Hill, ST McEntee, CJ Warnasooriya, SN Kumar, I Ficor, T Turnipseed, S Gilbert, KB Brutnell, TP Carrington, JC Mockler, TC Baxter, I AF Fahlgren, Noah Feldman, Maximilian Gehan, Malia A. Wilson, Melinda S. Shyu, Christine Bryant, Douglas W. Hill, Steven T. McEntee, Colton J. Warnasooriya, Sankalpi N. Kumar, Indrajit Ficor, Tracy Turnipseed, Stephanie Gilbert, Kerrigan B. Brutnell, Thomas P. Carrington, James C. Mockler, Todd C. Baxter, Ivan TI A Versatile Phenotyping System and Analytics Platform Reveals Diverse Temporal Responses to Water Availability in Setaria SO MOLECULAR PLANT LA English DT Article DE abiotic/environmental stress; water relations; bioinformatics; development; phenotyping ID FOXTAIL MILLET; INTEGRATED ANALYSIS; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PLANT; ITALICA; MODEL; TOLERANCE; ARABIDOPSIS; REFLECTANCE; BIOLOGY AB Phenotyping has become the rate-limiting step in using large-scale genomic data to understand and improve agricultural crops. Here, the Bellwether Phenotyping Platform for controlled-environment plant growth and automated multimodal phenotyping is described. The system has capacity for 1140 plants, which pass daily through stations to record fluorescence, near-infrared, and visible images. Plant Computer Vision (PlantCV) was developed as open-source, hardware platform-independent software for quantitative image analysis. In a 4-week experiment, wild Setaria viridis and domesticated Setaria italica had fundamentally different temporal responses to water availability. While both lines produced similar levels of biomass under limited water conditions, Setaria viridis maintained the same water-use efficiency under water replete conditions, while Setaria italica shifted to less efficient growth. Overall, the Bellwether Phenotyping Platform and PlantCV software detected significant effects of genotype and environment on height, biomass, water-use efficiency, color, plant architecture, and tissue water status traits. All similar to 79 000 images acquired during the course of the experiment are publicly available. C1 [Fahlgren, Noah; Feldman, Maximilian; Gehan, Malia A.; Wilson, Melinda S.; Shyu, Christine; Bryant, Douglas W.; Hill, Steven T.; McEntee, Colton J.; Warnasooriya, Sankalpi N.; Kumar, Indrajit; Ficor, Tracy; Turnipseed, Stephanie; Gilbert, Kerrigan B.; Brutnell, Thomas P.; Carrington, James C.; Mockler, Todd C.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. [Baxter, Ivan] USDA ARS, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. RP Baxter, I (reprint author), USDA ARS, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. EM ivan.baxter@ars.usda.gov RI Baxter, Ivan/A-1052-2009; Brutnell, Thomas/M-2840-2013; Mockler, Todd/L-2609-2013; Carrington, James/A-4656-2012; Fahlgren, Noah/D-4404-2011; OI Baxter, Ivan/0000-0001-6680-1722; Brutnell, Thomas/0000-0002-3581-8211; Mockler, Todd/0000-0002-0462-5775; Carrington, James/0000-0003-3572-129X; Fahlgren, Noah/0000-0002-5597-4537; Gehan, Malia/0000-0002-3238-2627; Gilbert, Kerrigan/0000-0002-7164-5821 FU United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture [MOW-2012-01361, 2014-67012-22269]; National Science Foundation [MCB-1330562, IIA-1355406, IOS-1027542, IOS-1202682]; United State Department of Energy [DOE-SC-008796, DE-SC0006627]; National Institutes of Health [AI043288]; United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Intramural Funds FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (MOW-2012-01361 to N.F. and 2014-67012-22269 to C.S.), National Science Foundation (MCB-1330562 to J.C.C., IIA-1355406 to T.C.M., IOS-1027542 to T.P.B, and IOS-1202682 to M.A.G.), United State Department of Energy (DOE-SC-008796 to T.P.B., T.C.M., and I.B. and DE-SC0006627 to T.C.M.), National Institutes of Health (AI043288 to J.C.C.) and United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Intramural Funds (I.B.). NR 87 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 23 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1674-2052 EI 1752-9867 J9 MOL PLANT JI Mol. Plant. PD OCT 5 PY 2015 VL 8 IS 10 BP 1520 EP 1535 DI 10.1016/j.molp.2015.06.005 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA CS9VT UT WOS:000362441700008 PM 26099924 ER PT J AU Joyce, BL Zheljazkov, VD Sykes, R Cantrell, CL Hamilton, C Mann, DGJ Rodriguez, M Mielenz, JR Astatkie, T Stewart, CN AF Joyce, Blake L. Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. Sykes, Robert Cantrell, Charles L. Hamilton, Choo Mann, David G. J. Rodriguez, Miguel Mielenz, Jonathan R. Astatkie, Tess Stewart, C. Neal, Jr. TI Ethanol and High-Value Terpene Co-Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass of Cymbopogon flexuosus and Cymbopogon martinii SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VAR. MOTIA BURK.; ESSENTIAL OIL; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; LEMONGRASS; NITROGEN; YIELD; SWITCHGRASS; IRRIGATION; PROFILES; QUALITY AB Cymbopogon flexuosus, lemongrass, and C. martinii, palmarosa, are perennial grasses grown to produce essential oils for the fragrance industry. The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate biomass and oil yields as a function of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization, and (2) to characterize their utility for lignocellulosic ethanol compared to Panicum virgatum (switchgrass). Mean biomass yields were 12.83 Mg lemongrass ha(-1) and 15.11 Mg palmarosa ha(-1) during the second harvest year resulting in theoretical biofuel yields of 2541 and 2569 L ethanol ha(-1) respectively compared to reported 1749-3691 L ethanol ha(-1) for switchgrass. Pretreated lemongrass yielded 198 mL ethanol (g biomass)(-1) and pretreated palmarosa yielded 170 mL ethanol (g biomass)(-1). Additionally, lemongrass yielded 85.7 kg essential oil ha(-1) and palmarosa yielded 67.0 kg ha(-1) with an estimated value of USD $857 and $1005 ha(-1). These data suggest that dual-use crops such as lemongrass and palmarosa may increase the economic viability of lignocellulosic biofuels. C1 [Joyce, Blake L.; Mann, David G. J.; Stewart, C. Neal, Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Stn, Adams, OR 97810 USA. [Sykes, Robert] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Sykes, Robert; Hamilton, Choo; Mann, David G. J.; Rodriguez, Miguel; Mielenz, Jonathan R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.] ARS, USDA, NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. [Hamilton, Choo; Rodriguez, Miguel; Mielenz, Jonathan R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Astatkie, Tess] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Agr, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Stn, 48037 Co 788 Rd, Adams, OR 97810 USA. EM valtcho.jeliazkov@oregonstate.edu RI Astatkie, Tess/J-7231-2012 OI Astatkie, Tess/0000-0002-9779-8789 FU Bioenergy Science Center (BESC), Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-PS02-06ER64304]; ARS Specific Crop Agreement with Mississippi State University [58-6402-026] FX This work was supported partly by grant (DE-PS02-06ER64304) from the Bioenergy Science Center (BESC), Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The field research was funded in part by ARS Specific Crop Agreement 58-6402-026 with Mississippi State University. Specific project: "Field establishment of medicinal herbs and potential for commercial production" awarded to Dr. V.D. Jeliazkov (Zheljazkov). NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 5 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0139195 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0139195 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CT0PR UT WOS:000362499200013 PM 26437026 ER PT J AU Calla, B Geib, SM AF Calla, Bernarda Geib, Scott M. TI MicroRNAs in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis: extending Drosophilid miRNA conservation to the Tephritidae SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Transcriptome; Hairpin; mirDeep; Oriental fruit fly; miRNA clusters ID DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; RNA SECONDARY STRUCTURES; GENE-EXPRESSION; REGULATORY RNA; BIOGENESIS; MELANOGASTER; DIPTERA; METAMORPHOSIS; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCES AB Background: The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is an important plant pest species in the family Tephritidae. It is a phytophagous species with broad host range, and while not established in the mainland United States, is a species of great concern for introduction. Despite the vast amount of information available from the closely related model organism Drosophila melanogaster, information at the genome and transcriptome level is still very limited for this species. Small RNAs act as regulatory molecules capable of determining transcript levels in the cells. The most studied small RNAs are micro RNAs, which may impact as much as 30 % of all protein coding genes in animals. Results: We have sequenced small RNAs (sRNAs) from the Tephritid fruit fly, B. dorsalis (oriental fruit fly), specifically sRNAs corresponding to the 17 to 28 nucleotides long fraction of total RNA. Sequencing yielded more than 16 million reads in total. Seventy five miRNAs orthologous to known miRNAs were identified, as well as five additional novel miRNAs that might be specific to the genera, or to the Tephritid family. We constructed a gene expression profile for the identified miRNAs, and used comparative analysis with D. melanogaster to support our expression data. In addition, several miRNA clusters were identified in the genome that show conservancy with D. melanogaster. Potential targets for the identified miRNAs were also searched. Conclusions: The data presented here adds to our growing pool of information concerning the genome structure and characteristics of true fruit flies. It provides a basis for comparative studies with other Dipteran and within Tephritid species, and can be used for applied research such as in the development of new control strategies based on gene silencing and transgenesis. C1 [Calla, Bernarda; Geib, Scott M.] USDA ARS, Trop Crop & Commod Protect Res Unit, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Geib, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Crop & Commod Protect Res Unit, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM scott.geib@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation [OCI-1053575XSEDE, TG-MCB140032]; USDA-ARS; USDA-ARS Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center (Moana cluster; Hilo, HI); Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) FX We thank Steven Tam for assistance in colony rearing and fruit fly sample collections used in this study, and Brian Hall for assistance in computational analysis. Funding was provided by USDA-ARS, and the bioinformatic analysis was performed on computing resources at USDA-ARS Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center (Moana cluster; Hilo, HI, http://moana.dnsalias.org) and the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number OCI-1053575XSEDE utilizing allocation TG-MCB140032 to SMG. Opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 5 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 740 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-1835-3 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CS7GV UT WOS:000362253000001 PM 26438165 ER PT J AU Staton, M Zhebentyayeva, T Olukolu, B Fang, GC Nelson, D Carlson, JE Abbott, AG AF Staton, Margaret Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana Olukolu, Bode Fang, Guang Chen Nelson, Dana Carlson, John E. Abbott, Albert G. TI Substantial genome synteny preservation among woody angiosperm species: comparative genomics of Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) and plant reference genomes SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Chestnut; Comparative genomics; Blight resistance; Synteny; Plant genomics; Physical map; Genetic map ID SEQUENCE; ANNOTATION; EVOLUTION; TOOL; RESISTANCE; DATABASE; CONTIGS; BLIGHT AB Background: Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) has emerged as a model species for the Fagaceae family with extensive genomic resources including a physical map, a dense genetic map and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for chestnut blight resistance. These resources enable comparative genomics analyses relative to model plants. We assessed the degree of conservation between the chestnut genome and other well annotated and assembled plant genomic sequences, focusing on the QTL regions of most interest to the chestnut breeding community. Results: The integrated physical and genetic map of Chinese chestnut has been improved to now include 858 shared sequence-based markers. The utility of the integrated map has also been improved through the addition of 42,970 BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) end sequences spanning over 26 million bases of the estimated 800 Mb chestnut genome. Synteny between chestnut and ten model plant species was conducted on a macro-syntenic scale using sequences from both individual probes and BAC end sequences across the chestnut physical map. Blocks of synteny with chestnut were found in all ten reference species, with the percent of the chestnut physical map that could be aligned ranging from 10 to 39 %. The integrated genetic and physical map was utilized to identify BACs that spanned the three previously identified QTL regions conferring blight resistance. The clones were pooled and sequenced, yielding 396 sequence scaffolds covering 13.9 Mbp. Comparative genomic analysis on a microsytenic scale, using the QTL-associated genomic sequence, identified synteny from chestnut to other plant genomes ranging from 5.4 to 12.9 % of the genome sequences aligning. Conclusions: On both the macro-and micro-synteny levels, the peach, grape and poplar genomes were found to be the most structurally conserved with chestnut. Interestingly, these results did not strictly follow the expectation that decreased phylogenetic distance would correspond to increased levels of genome preservation, but rather suggest the additional influence of life-history traits on preservation of synteny. The regions of synteny that were detected provide an important tool for defining and cataloging genes in the QTL regions for advancing chestnut blight resistance research. C1 [Staton, Margaret] Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. [Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC USA. [Olukolu, Bode] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Fang, Guang Chen] USDA, APHIS, BRS, Raleigh, NC USA. [Nelson, Dana] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Southern Inst Forest Genet, Saucier, MS USA. [Carlson, John E.] Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Carlson, John E.] Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Abbott, Albert G.] Forest Hlth Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY USA. RP Staton, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. EM mstaton1@utk.edu OI Staton, Margaret/0000-0003-2971-9353 FU U.S. Endowment for Forestry and Communities, Inc. [137RFP2008-011]; Forest Health Initiative; USDA Forest Service; National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program [TRPGRA2 IOS-1025974] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Endowment for Forestry and Communities, Inc., grant number 137RFP#2008-011, the Forest Health Initiative (http://foresthealthinitiative.org/) and the USDA Forest Service. The National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program (grant no. TRPGRA2 IOS-1025974) supported the websites (http://www.fagaceae.org/ and http://www.hardwoodgenomics.org/) that host the browser and annotation tools for the assembled sequences. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 20 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 5 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 744 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-1942-1 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CS7GV UT WOS:000362253000005 PM 26438416 ER PT J AU Lattanzio, VMT Ciasca, B Terzi, V Ghizzoni, R McCormick, SP Pascale, M AF Lattanzio, Veronica M. T. Ciasca, Biancamaria Terzi, Valeria Ghizzoni, Roberta McCormick, Susan P. Pascale, Michelangelo TI Study of the natural occurrence of T-2 and HT-2 toxins and their glucosyl derivatives from field barley to malt by high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE T-2 toxin; HT-2 toxin; neosolaniol; diacetoxyscirpenol; trichothecene glucosides; modified mycotoxins; high-resolution mass spectrometry; barley; malt ID NATURALLY CONTAMINATED WHEAT; MASKED MYCOTOXINS; FUSARIUM MYCOTOXINS; A TRICHOTHECENES; HEAD BLIGHT; LC-MS/MS; DEOXYNIVALENOL; CEREALS; OATS; FATE AB This paper reports a new method for the determination of T-2 and HT-2 toxins and their glucosylated derivatives in cereals, and some survey data aimed at obtaining more comprehensive information on the co-occurrence of T-2 and HT-2 toxins and their glucosylated derivatives in naturally contaminated cereal samples. For these purposes, barley samples originating from a Northern Italian area were analysed by LC-HRMS for the presence of T-2, HT-2 and relevant glucosyl derivatives. Quantitative analysis of T-2 and HT-2 glucosides was performed for the first time using a recently made available standard of T-2 glucoside. The glucosyl derivative of HT-2 was detected at levels up to 163 mu gkg(-1) in 17 of the 18 analysed unprocessed barley grains, whereas the monoglucosyl derivative of T-2 toxin was detected in only a few samples and at low mu gkg(-1) levels. The ratio between glucosylated toxins (sum of T-2 and HT-2 glucosides) and native toxins (sum of T-2 and HT-2) ranged from 2% to 283%. Moreover, taking advantage of the possibility of retrospective analysis of full-scan HRMS chromatograms, samples were also screened for the presence of other type-A trichothecenes, namely neosolaniol, diacetoxyscirpenol and their monoglucosyl derivatives, which were detected at trace levels. A subset of nine different samples was subjected to micro-maltation in order to carry out a preliminary investigation on the fate of T-2, HT-2 and relevant glucosides along the malting process. Mycotoxin reduction from cleaned barley to malt was observed at rates ranging from 4% to 87%. C1 [Lattanzio, Veronica M. T.; Ciasca, Biancamaria; Pascale, Michelangelo] Natl Res Council Italy CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, Bari, Italy. [Terzi, Valeria; Ghizzoni, Roberta] Council Agr Res & Econ, Genom Res Ctr, CRA GPG, Fiorenzuola dArda PC, Rome, Italy. [McCormick, Susan P.] USDA, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Utilizat Res Lab, Peoria, IL USA. RP Lattanzio, VMT (reprint author), Natl Res Council Italy CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, Bari, Italy. EM veronica.lattanzio@ispa.cnr.it OI Pascale, Michelangelo/0000-0002-3898-1030 FU Project 'MICOPRINCEM' - Italian Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies (MiPAAF) FX This work was carried out with financial support from the Project 'MICOPRINCEM' funded by the Italian Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies (MiPAAF). NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 25 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 EI 1944-0057 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PD OCT 3 PY 2015 VL 32 IS 10 SI SI BP 1647 EP 1655 DI 10.1080/19440049.2015.1048750 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA CS5BJ UT WOS:000362090300007 PM 25952699 ER PT J AU Arroyo-Manzanares, N Di Mavungu, JD Uka, V Malysheva, SV Cary, JW Ehrlich, KC Vanhaecke, L Bhatnagar, D De Saeger, S AF Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia Diana Di Mavungu, Jose Uka, Valdet Malysheva, Svetlana V. Cary, Jeffrey W. Ehrlich, Kenneth C. Vanhaecke, Lynn Bhatnagar, Deepak De Saeger, Sarah TI Use of UHPLC high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry to investigate the genes involved in the production of secondary metabolites in Aspergillus flavus SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus spp; gene function; comparative metabolomics; high-resolution mass spectrometry ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE GENE; LC-MS/MS METHOD; AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; FUNGAL METABOLITES; MYCOTOXIN; PARASITICUS; SCLEROTIA; CLUSTERS; CEREALS AB The fungus Aspergillus flavus is known for its ability to produce the toxic and carcinogenic aflatoxins in food and feed. While aflatoxins are of most concern, A. flavus is predicted to be capable of producing many more metabolites based on a study of its complete genome sequence. Some of these metabolites could be of great importance in food and feed safety. Here we describe an analytical methodology based on Orbitrap HRMS technology that allows the untargeted determination of fungal metabolites, in support of the study of the function of genes involved in secondary metabolism in fungi. The applied strategy implies the detection and identification of differentially expressed metabolites in extracts of wild-type and mutant fungal strains, using Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) accurate mass data. The suitability of this approach was demonstrated by the confirmation of previously characterised genes involved in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway, namely a polyketide synthase (pksA), an oxidoreductase (ordA) and a methyltransferase (omtA) gene. Subsequently, the proposed methodology was applied for the detection and identification of metabolites produced by a yet uncharacterised gene cluster in A. favus, cluster 23. Comparative Orbitrap HRMS analysis of extracts of A. flavus wild-type strain and an over-expression mutant for the transcription factor of gene cluster 23 (lepE) demonstrated that this gene cluster is responsible for the production a set of 2-pyridone derivatives, the leporins. Besides the known derivatives leporin B and leporin B precursor that could be identified by automatic de-replication of the accurate mass data, five other compounds belonging to this class of fungal secondary metabolites were detected and identified for the first time, combining MS and multiple-stage MS data. C1 [Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia; Diana Di Mavungu, Jose; Uka, Valdet; Malysheva, Svetlana V.; De Saeger, Sarah] Univ Ghent, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Food Anal, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia] Univ Granada, Fac Sci, Dept Analyt Chem, Granada, Spain. [Cary, Jeffrey W.; Ehrlich, Kenneth C.; Bhatnagar, Deepak] ARS, Southern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. [Vanhaecke, Lynn] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Food Safety, Chem Anal Lab, Merelbeke, Belgium. RP Di Mavungu, JD (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Food Anal, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM Jose.DianaDiMavungu@UGent.be RI Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia/H-5055-2015 OI Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia/0000-0001-9882-6270 FU University of Granada; Basileus V (Erasmus Mundus Action 2) FX Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares received a post-doctoral grant from the University of Granada. Valdet Uka was financially supported through Basileus V (Erasmus Mundus Action 2). NR 67 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 EI 1944-0057 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PD OCT 3 PY 2015 VL 32 IS 10 SI SI BP 1656 EP 1673 DI 10.1080/19440049.2015.1071499 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA CS5BJ UT WOS:000362090300008 PM 26278397 ER PT J AU Suzuki, K Nakagawa, K Yamamoto, T Miyazawa, T Kimura, F Kamei, M Miyazawa, T AF Suzuki, Koichiro Nakagawa, Kiyotaka Yamamoto, Takayuki Miyazawa, Taiki Kimura, Fumiko Kamei, Masanori Miyazawa, Teruo TI Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic and renal damages in rat: inhibitory effects of cacao polyphenol SO BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cytochrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1); glutathione peroxidase; carbon tetrachloride; cacao polyphenol; lipid peroxide ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; VITAMIN-E; LIVER; BIOMARKERS; PRODUCTS; ACID; HYDROPEROXIDE; MARKERS; PLASMA AB Here, we investigated the protective effect of cacao polyphenol extract (CPE) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepato-renal oxidative stress in rats. Rats were administered CPE for 7days and then received intraperitoneal injection of CCl4. Two hours after injection, we found that CCl4 treatment significantly increased biochemical injury markers, lipid peroxides (phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) and malondialdehyde (MDA)) and decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in kidney rather than liver, suggesting that kidney is more vulnerable to oxidative stress under the present experimental conditions. CPE supplementation significantly reduced these changes, indicating that this compound has antioxidant properties against CCl4-induced oxidative stress. An inhibitory effect of CPE on CCl4-induced CYP2E1 mRNA degradation may provide an explanation for CPE antioxidant property. Together, these results provide quantitative evidence of the in vivo antioxidant properties of CPE, especially in terms of PCOOH and MDA levels in the kidneys of CCl4-treated rats. C1 [Suzuki, Koichiro; Nakagawa, Kiyotaka; Miyazawa, Taiki; Kimura, Fumiko; Miyazawa, Teruo] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Agr Sci, Food & Biodynam Chem Lab, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. [Suzuki, Koichiro; Yamamoto, Takayuki; Kamei, Masanori] Morinaga & Co Ltd, Res Inst, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Miyazawa, Taiki] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vasc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Miyazawa, Teruo] Tohoku Univ, Food Biotechnol Innovat Project, NICHe, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. RP Miyazawa, T (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Agr Sci, Food & Biodynam Chem Lab, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. EM miyazawa@m.tohoku.ac.jp RI Miyazawa, Taiki/G-5994-2014 FU JSPS, Japan [20228002] FX This work was supported in part by Kakenhi (S) [grant number 20228002 to T. M.] of JSPS, Japan. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0916-8451 EI 1347-6947 J9 BIOSCI BIOTECH BIOCH JI Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. PD OCT 3 PY 2015 VL 79 IS 10 BP 1669 EP 1675 DI 10.1080/09168451.2015.1039481 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA CQ1LA UT WOS:000360357900016 PM 25996516 ER PT J AU Weems, JD Haudenshield, JS Bond, JP Hartman, GL Ames, KA Bradley, CA AF Weems, J. D. Haudenshield, J. S. Bond, J. P. Hartman, G. L. Ames, K. A. Bradley, C. A. TI Effect of fungicide seed treatments on Fusarium virguliforme infection of soybean and development of sudden death syndrome SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemical control; fungicide; Fusarium virguliforme; Glycine max; quantitative PCR; seed treatment ID F-SP GLYCINES; FIELD-RESISTANCE; HEAD BLIGHT; QUANTITATIVE PCR; SP. GLYCINES; SOLANI; CULTIVARS; SEVERITY; TILLAGE; GROWTH AB Sudden death syndrome (SDS), caused by Fusarium virguliforme (Fv), is a major yield-limiting disease of soybean in North America. Infection of soybean seedling roots by Fv results in severe root damage; therefore, fungicide seed treatments could potentially reduce these early-season infections and reduce severity of foliar symptoms that typically occur later in the season. Multiple fungicide seed treatment combinations were evaluated for their effects on Fv infection, DNA concentrations in roots, soybean root development, and SDS development in the field, greenhouse and laboratory trials. Several seed treatments decreased root disease symptoms compared with the non-treated inoculated control in the laboratory assay, and the biological seed treatment, Bacillus pumilus, significantly decreased seedling development and increased SDS root disease compared with the non-treated inoculated control. In the greenhouse, Fv DNA concentrations in roots were reduced by a treatment combining mefenoxam + thiophanate-methyl + azoxystrobin + Bacillus pumilus + prothioconazole + fludioxonil compared with the non-treated control; however, the reduction in Fv DNA did not improve root growth or decrease SDS symptoms compared with the non-treated control. Field trials were conducted in Valmeyer, IL in 2008 and in Urbana, IL in 2008 and 2009. Seed treatments had no effect on the concentration of Fv DNA in soybean roots and had very little effect on root morphology. At the Valmeyer location, most seed treatments significantly decreased SDS symptoms compared with the control. In summary, no consistent, significant effects of the seed treatments evaluated in this study on SDS or Fv root infection were observed. Therefore, soybean growers should continue to utilize other practices for SDS management until new seed treatments with consistent efficacy in controlling SDS are available. C1 [Weems, J. D.; Haudenshield, J. S.; Hartman, G. L.; Ames, K. A.; Bradley, C. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Haudenshield, J. S.; Hartman, G. L.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bond, J. P.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Bradley, CA (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Princeton, KY 42445 USA. EM carl.bradley@uky.edu FU Illinois Soybean Association FX We thank the Illinois Soybean Association for funding this research and J. Lang and R. Warsaw for technical assistance. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 EI 1715-2992 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol. PD OCT 2 PY 2015 VL 37 IS 4 BP 435 EP 447 DI 10.1080/07060661.2015.1115781 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CY3ZJ UT WOS:000366348100004 ER PT J AU Langman, VA Ellifrit, N Sime, D Rowe, M Hogue, A AF Langman, Vaughan A. Ellifrit, Nancy Sime, Debra Rowe, Mike Hogue, Allan TI Testing Refrigeration Trucks for the Emergency Evacuation of Companion Animals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL WELFARE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE physiology-pulmonary; alveolar gas; respiratory quotient; hypercapnia AB The purpose of this study was to quantify the changes in oxygen (O-2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in sealed refrigerator trucks scheduled to be used for transporting companion animals (dogs and cats) during an emergency evacuation. A total of 122 nonhuman animals (total weight=1,248kg) housed in individual crates were loaded into a 16-m refrigeration truck. Once they were loaded, the doors were closed and the percentages of O-2 and CO2 were measured every 5min by O-2 and CO2 analyzers, and they were used to quantify the changes in gas pressure in the sealed truck. CO2 had a much higher-than-predicted increase, and O-2 had a higher-than-predicted decrease. These 2 pressures in combination with the functionality of the respiratory system will limit the animal's ability to load O-2, and over time, they will initiate asphyxia or suffocation. Over time, the partial pressure of oxygen (P-O2) in the sealed truck will decrease, causing hypoxia, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P-CO2) will increase, causing hypercapnia. C1 [Langman, Vaughan A.; Ellifrit, Nancy; Sime, Debra; Hogue, Allan] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Anim Care, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Rowe, Mike] Indiana State Univ, Dept Biol, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA. RP Langman, VA (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Anim Care, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B,Mail Stop 3W11, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM vaughan.a.langman@aphis.usda.gov FU Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Animal Care of the U.S. Department of Agriculture FX This project was funded by the Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Animal Care of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1088-8705 EI 1532-7604 J9 J APPL ANIM WELF SCI JI J. Appl. Anim. Welf. Sci. PD OCT 2 PY 2015 VL 18 IS 4 BP 398 EP 403 DI 10.1080/10888705.2015.1042153 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CW4KK UT WOS:000364960000008 PM 26114382 ER PT J AU Brenkert-Smith, H Meldrum, JR Champ, PA AF Brenkert-Smith, Hannah Meldrum, James R. Champ, Patricia A. TI Climate change beliefs and hazard mitigation behaviors: homeowners and wildfire risk SO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Article DE hazard mitigation; climate change beliefs; wildfire risk; homeowners; environmental beliefs ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; UNITED-STATES; PERCEPTIONS; PARADIGM; TRENDS; VIEWS; USA AB Downscaled climate models provide projections of how climate change may exacerbate the local impacts of natural hazards. The extent to which people facing exacerbated hazard conditions understand or respond to climate-related changes to local hazards has been largely overlooked. In this article, we examine the relationships among climate change beliefs, environmental beliefs, and hazard mitigation actions in the context of wildfire, a natural hazard projected to be intensified by climate change. We find that survey respondents are situated across a continuum between being believers' and deniers' that is multidimensional. Placement on this believer-denier spectrum is related to general environmental attitudes. We fail, however, to find a relationship between climate change beliefs and wildfire risk-reduction actions in general. In contrast, we find a statistically significant positive relationship between level of wildfire risk mitigation and being a climate denier. Further, certain pro-environmental attitudes are found to have a statistically significant negative association with the level of wildfire risk mitigation. C1 [Brenkert-Smith, Hannah; Meldrum, James R.] Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Champ, Patricia A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn Human Dimens, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Brenkert-Smith, H (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Sci, UCB 483, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM hannahb@colorado.edu OI Meldrum, James/0000-0001-5250-3759 FU USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station [10-CR-11221636-246, 13-CS-11221636-036]; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported by the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station [grant number 10-CR-11221636-246], [grant number 13-CS-11221636-036]. NCAR is funded by the National Science Foundation. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1747-7891 EI 1878-0059 J9 ENVIRON HAZARDS-UK JI Environ. Hazards PD OCT 2 PY 2015 VL 14 IS 4 BP 341 EP 360 DI 10.1080/17477891.2015.1080656 PG 20 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CT1JP UT WOS:000362554900005 ER PT J AU Wang, CL Ulloa, M Shi, XY Yuan, XH Saski, C Yu, JZ Roberts, PA AF Wang, Congli Ulloa, Mauricio Shi, Xinyi Yuan, Xiaohui Saski, Christopher Yu, John Z. Roberts, Philip A. TI Sequence composition of BAC clones and SSR markers mapped to Upland cotton chromosomes 11 and 21 targeting resistance to soil-borne pathogens SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Gossypium hitsutum; genetic and physical mapping; resistance-rich cluster; resistance stress element; root-knot nematode; Fusarium wilt; soil-borne disease ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; VERTICILLIUM WILT RESISTANCE; PLANT IMMUNE-SYSTEM; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; GENOME SEQUENCE; DISEASE RESISTANCE; RENIFORM NEMATODE; GENE RKN1; EVOLUTION AB Genetic and physical framework mapping in cotton (Gossypium spp.) were used to discover putative gene sequences involved in resistance to common soil-borne pathogens. Chromosome (Chr) 11 and its homoeologous Chr 21 of Upland cotton (G. hirsutum) are foci for discovery of resistance (R) or pathogen induced R (PR) genes underlying QTLs involved in response to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita), reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis), Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum), Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae), and black root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola). Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAG) clones from a BAG library developed from the Upland cotton Acala Maxxa were mapped on Chr 11 and Chr 21. DNA sequence through Gene Ontology (GO) of 99 of 256 Chr 11 and 109 of 239 Chr 21 previously mapped SSRs revealed response elements to internal and external stimulus, stress, signaling process, and cell death. The reconciliation between genetic and physical mapping of gene annotations from new DNA sequences of 20 BAG clones revealed 467 (Chr 11) and 285 (Chr 21) G. hirsutum putative coding sequences, plus 146 (Chr 11) and 98 (Chr 21) predicted genes. GO functional profiling of Unigenes uncovered genes involved in different metabolic functions and stress response elements (SRE). Our results revealed that Chrs 11 and 21 harbor resistance gene rich genomic regions. Sequence comparisons with the ancestral diploid D-5 (G, raimondii), A(2) (G. arboreum) and domesticated tetraploid TM-1 AD(1) (G. hirsutum) genomes revealed abundance of transposable elements and confirmed the richness of resistance gene motifs in these chromosomes. The sequence information of SSR markers and BAG clones and the genetic mapping of BAG clones provide enhanced genetic and physical frameworks of resistance gene rich regions of the cotton genome, thereby aiding discovery of R and PR genes and breeding for resistance to cotton diseases. C1 [Wang, Congli; Roberts, Philip A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Nematol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Wang, Congli] Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Key Lab Mollisols Agroecol, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Ulloa, Mauricio] USA Agr Res Serv, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. [Shi, Xinyi; Yuan, Xiaohui] Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Key Lab Soybean Mol Design Breeding, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Saski, Christopher] Clemson Univ, Genom Inst, Clemson, SC USA. [Yu, John Z.] USA Agr Res Serv, Southern Pl Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. RP Ulloa, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Germpiasm Dev Res Unit, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM mauricio.ulloa@ars.usda.gov; philip.roberts@ucr.edu FU Cotton Incorporated; University of California Discovery Grant Program; USDA-ARS [6208-21000-019-00]; One Hundred Talent Grant Program; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese National Scientific Funding [31471749] FX Partial support for this work was provided by grants from Cotton Incorporated to PR and MU and from University of California Discovery Grant Program to PR. This research was also partially supported by USDA-ARS (6208-21000-019-00). Partial support for bioinformatic analyses was provided by the One Hundred Talent Grant Program, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese National Scientific Funding (31471749). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this manuscript is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 26 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD OCT 2 PY 2015 VL 6 AR 791 DI 10.3389/fpls.2015.00791 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CS9QX UT WOS:000362427300001 PM 26483808 ER PT J AU Araujo, SBL Braga, MP Brooks, DR Agosta, SJ Hoberg, EP von Hartenthal, FW Boeger, WA AF Araujo, Sabrina B. L. Braga, Mariana Pires Brooks, Daniel R. Agosta, Salvatore J. Hoberg, Eric P. von Hartenthal, Francisco W. Boeger, Walter A. TI Understanding Host-Switching by Ecological Fitting SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; PARASITE COEVOLUTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EVOLUTION; DIVERSIFICATION; EUCESTODA; GYRODACTYLIDAE; ARTIODACTYLA AB Despite the fact that parasites are highly specialized with respect to their hosts, empirical evidence demonstrates that host switching rather than co-speciation is the dominant factor influencing the diversification of host-parasite associations. Ecological fitting in sloppy fitness space has been proposed as a mechanism allowing ecological specialists to hostswitch readily. That proposal is tested herein using an individual-based model of host switching. The model considers a parasite species exposed to multiple host resources. Through time host range expansion can occur readily without the prior evolution of novel genetic capacities. It also produces non-linear variation in the size of the fitness space. The capacity for host colonization is strongly influenced by propagule pressure early in the process and by the size of the fitness space later. The simulations suggest that co-adaptation may be initiated by the temporary loss of less fit phenotypes. Further, parasites can persist for extended periods in sub-optimal hosts, and thus may colonize distantly related hosts by a "stepping-stone" process. C1 [Araujo, Sabrina B. L.; Braga, Mariana Pires; Brooks, Daniel R.; Boeger, Walter A.] Univ Fed Parana, Lab Ecol Mol & Parasitol Evolut, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Araujo, Sabrina B. L.] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Fis, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Agosta, Salvatore J.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Ctr Environm Studies, Richmond, VA USA. [Agosta, Salvatore J.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Hoberg, Eric P.] ARS, US Natl Parasite Collect, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [von Hartenthal, Francisco W.] Setor Ciencias Biol, Posgrad Ecol & Conservacao, BR-81531990 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. RP Boeger, WA (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Lab Ecol Mol & Parasitol Evolut, Caixa Postal 19073, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. EM wboeger@gmail.com OI Pires Braga, Mariana/0000-0002-1253-2536 FU "Exploring a new paradigm for the evolution of host-parasites associations," of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (Brazil) [404344/2013-5] FX This work was supported by a grant to WAB entitled "Exploring a new paradigm for the evolution of host-parasites associations," number 404344/2013-5 of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (Brazil) (http://www.cnpq.br). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 11 U2 43 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 2 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0139225 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0139225 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CS6HH UT WOS:000362178700034 PM 26431199 ER PT J AU Bielenberg, DG Rauh, B Fan, SH Gasic, K Abbott, AG Reighard, GL Okie, WR Wells, CE AF Bielenberg, Douglas Gary Rauh, Bradley Fan, Shenghua Gasic, Ksenija Abbott, Albert Glenn Reighard, Gregory Lynn Okie, William R. Wells, Christina Elizabeth TI Genotyping by Sequencing for SNP-Based Linkage Map Construction and QTL Analysis of Chilling Requirement and Bloom Date in Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; PHENOLOGICAL TRAITS; GENETIC DETERMINISM; HEAT REQUIREMENTS; ARMENIACA L.; APRICOT; INHERITANCE; BUDBREAK; DORMANCY; PLANTS AB Low-cost, high throughput genotyping methods are crucial to marker discovery and marker-assisted breeding efforts, but have not been available for many 'specialty crops' such as fruit and nut trees. Here we apply the Genotyping-By-Sequencing (GBS) method developed for cereals to the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a peach F-2 mapping population. Peach is a genetic and genomic model within the Rosaceae and will provide a template for the use of this method with other members of this family. Our F-2 mapping population of 57 genotypes segregates for bloom time (BD) and chilling requirement (CR) and we have extensively phenotyped this population. The population derives from a selfed F-1 progeny of a cross between 'Hakuho' (high CR) and 'UFGold' (low CR). We were able to successfully employ GBS and the TASSEL GBS pipeline without modification of the original methodology using the ApeKI restriction enzyme and multiplexing at an equivalent of 96 samples per Illumina HiSeq 2000 lane. We obtained hundreds of SNP markers which were then used to construct a genetic linkage map and identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for BD and CR. C1 [Bielenberg, Douglas Gary; Wells, Christina Elizabeth] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Coll Agr Forestry & Life Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Rauh, Bradley] Clemson Univ, Adv Plant Technol Program, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Fan, Shenghua; Abbott, Albert Glenn] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Coll Agr Forestry & Life Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Gasic, Ksenija; Reighard, Gregory Lynn] Clemson Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Coll Agr Forestry & Life Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Okie, William R.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Bielenberg, DG (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Coll Agr Forestry & Life Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM dbielen@clemson.edu RI Fan, Shenghua/E-6400-2016 FU Israel United States Binational Agricultural Research and Development program project [US-3746-05R]; USDA-NRI CSREES grant [2007-35304-17896] FX This research was supported by the Israel United States Binational Agricultural Research and Development program project US-3746-05R to AGA, GLR and DGB and USDA-NRI CSREES grant 2007-35304-17896 to DGB. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 13 U2 64 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 2 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 10 AR e0139406 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0139406 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CS6HH UT WOS:000362178700053 PM 26430886 ER PT J AU Schaut, RG McGill, JL Neill, JD Ridpath, JF Sacco, RE AF Schaut, Robert G. McGill, Jodi L. Neill, John D. Ridpath, Julia F. Sacco, Randy E. TI Bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in vivo infection modulates TLR4 responsiveness in differentiated myeloid cells which is associated with decreased MyD88 expression SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV 2); Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC); Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88); Nonstructural gene 5A (NS5A); qPCR; Cytokine ID INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CLASSICAL SWINE-FEVER; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; HEPATITIS-C; GENE-EXPRESSION; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN; MOUSE MACROPHAGES; HUMAN MONOCYTES AB Symptoms of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection range from subclinical to severe, depending on strain virulence. Several in vitro studies showed BVDV infection impaired leukocyte function. Fewer studies have examined the effects of in vivo BVDV infection on monocyte/macrophage function, especially with strains of differing virulence. We characterized cytokine production by bovine myeloid cells isolated early or late in high (MV) or low virulence (LV) BVDV2 infection. Given BVDV infection may enhance susceptibility to secondary bacterial infection, LPS responses were examined as well. Monocytes from HV and LV infected calves produced higher levels of cytokines compared to cells from controls. In contrast, monocyte-derived macrophage cytokine levels were generally reduced. Modulated cytokine expression in MV BVDV2 macrophages was associated with decreased MyD88 expression, likely due to its interaction with viral NS5A. These data and those of others, suggest that certain Flaviviridae may have evolved strategies for subverting receptor signaling pathways involving MyD88. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Schaut, Robert G.; Sacco, Randy E.] Iowa State Univ, Immunobiol Interdept Grad Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schaut, Robert G.; McGill, Jodi L.; Neill, John D.; Ridpath, Julia F.; Sacco, Randy E.] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Sacco, RE (reprint author), Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM randy.sacco@ars.usda.gov OI Schaut, Robert G./0000-0003-2713-9013 FU USDA FX This work was supported by the USDA through internal research dollars allocated to the Intervention Strategies to Control Viral Diseases of Cattle research project. NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD OCT 2 PY 2015 VL 208 BP 44 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.05.017 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA CQ9RD UT WOS:000360951800007 PM 26043978 ER PT J AU Paudyal, R Poudyal, NC Bowker, JM Dorison, AM Zarnoch, SJ Green, GT AF Paudyal, Ramesh Poudyal, Neelam C. Bowker, J. M. Dorison, Adrienne M. Zarnoch, Stanley J. Green, Gary T. TI A value orientation approach to assess and compare climate change risk perception among trout anglers in Georgia, USA SO JOURNAL OF OUTDOOR RECREATION AND TOURISM-RESEARCH PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Behavioral intention; Climate risk; Concern; Georgia; Trout fishing; Value orientation ID K-MEANS ALGORITHM; PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS; MANAGEMENT; FOREST; ATTITUDES; BELIEFS; MODEL; SPECIALIZATION; VULNERABILITY; PERSPECTIVES AB Trout in Georgia could experience early impacts from climate change as the streams in the region are located at the southernmost edge of their North American home range. This study surveyed trout anglers in Georgia to understand how anglers perceive the potential impact of climate change on trout, and whether and how their perception and response to declines in trout populations vary among anglers of different value orientations. A multivariate cluster analysis based on anglers' beliefs about protection and use of nature and sport fish yielded four segments, and anglers showed a notable variation in risk perception, as well as behavioral intention to reduce fishing trips to their preferred sites. The "Protectionists", followed by "Pluralists", were relatively more aware of risk and likely to reduce trips to affected fishing sites. The "Distanced" were neither strong believers nor deniers, whereas the "Dominionistic" were the least concerned about climate risk and least likely to change their recreation pursuits with forecast declines in trout populations. Results imply that trout anglers are more concerned about the possible impact of climate change in the Future than now. In addition, the differences in social and cultural values may serve as barriers among certain angler groups in perceiving the risk of climate change and adapting to changing resources. MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS - Trout anglers in Georgia are concerned about the impact of climate change but the level of concern and stated responses to hypothetical changes in trout populations vary across value orientation segments. - While the anglers are relatively insensitive to small declines in trout populations, sharp reductions due to climate change could mean a drop in visitation rates, resulting in reduced statewide sales of trout stamps, and a shift in type and location of recreation pursuits. \ - Agencies may see benefit in climate change education programs to remove social and cultural barriers associated with perception of climate change impact on sport fishing. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Paudyal, Ramesh] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Poudyal, Neelam C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, 274 Ellington Plant Sci Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Bowker, J. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Dorison, Adrienne M.] Int Paper, Wilmington, NC 28412 USA. [Zarnoch, Stanley J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Clemson, SC USA. [Green, Gary T.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Poudyal, NC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, 274 Ellington Plant Sci Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM npoudyal@utk.edu NR 76 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2213-0780 EI 2213-0799 J9 J OUTDO RECREAT TOUR JI J. Outdo. Recreat. Tour. Res. Plan. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 11 BP 22 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.jort.2015.06.004 PG 12 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DM1GI UT WOS:000376093000004 ER PT J AU Sheridan, RAS Fule, PZ Lee, ME Nielsen, EA AF Sheridan, Rachel A. S. Fule, Peter Z. Lee, Martha E. Nielsen, Erik A. TI Identifying Social-ecological Linkages to Develop a Community Fire Plan in Mexico SO CONSERVATION & SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE social-ecological systems; community forestry; common-pool resource theory; wildfire management; Mexico ID MANAGEMENT; FOREST; CONSERVATION; COMMONS; PEOPLE AB Community forestry in rural Mexico presents a unique opportunity to study the linkages and feedback within coupled social-ecological systems due to the fact that agrarian or indigenous communities control approximately half of the national territory of Mexico. We used social and ecological diagnostic tools to develop a fire management strategy for a communal forest containing an endemic pinon pine species, Pinus cembroides subs. orizabensis, in the state of Tlaxcala, Mexico. The ecological diagnostic was done through fuel inventory, forest structure sampling, and fire behaviour modelling. The social assessment was conducted through household interviews, community workshops, and direct participant observation. The ecological fire hazard was quantified and coupled with the social assessment to develop a fire management plan. Vertical fuel continuity and flashy surface fuels created a high fire hazard. Modelled fire behaviour showed a rapid rate of spread and high flame lengths under multiple scenarios. Relative impunity for starting forest fires, poor community and inter-agency organisation, and lack of project continuity across organisational sectors appear to be the most significant social limiting factors for wildfire management. Combining both social and ecological diagnostic tools provides a comprehensive understanding of the actual risks to forests, and identifies realistic community-supported options for conservation on cooperatively managed lands. C1 [Sheridan, Rachel A. S.; Fule, Peter Z.; Lee, Martha E.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Coll Engn Forestry & Nat Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Sheridan, Rachel A. S.] United States Peace Corps, Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico. [Nielsen, Erik A.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Coll Engn Forestry & Nat Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Sheridan, RAS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Int Programs, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM rs253@nau.edu FU USAID FX We thank the Ejido Santa Maria Las Cuevas, CONAFOR Tlaxcala, and Servicio Forestal Altiplano, A.C., Leticia Garcia Ortega, Eder de Jesus Cuatianquiz Montiel, Eulogio Quiroz Lucas, Mary Hektner, Daniel Lathum, Dr. Vidal Guerra de la Cruz, Larissa Yocom, Citlali Cortes-Montano, Thomas Sheridan, and Christine Szuter. USAID provided financial support for the fieldwork. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS & MEDIA PVT LTD PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 0972-4923 EI 0975-3133 J9 CONSERV SOC JI Conserv. Soc. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 13 IS 4 BP 395 EP 406 DI 10.4103/0972-4923.179884 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Studies SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DJ5FO UT WOS:000374232400007 ER PT J AU Neto, RDC De Souza, JO Sodre, GA Baligar, VC AF Cruz Neto, Raimundo De Oliveira De Souza Junior, Jose Olimpio Sodre, George Andrade Baligar, Virupax Chanabasappa TI GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF CACAO SEEDLINGS INFLUENCED BY ZINC APLICATION IN SOIL SO REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FRUTICULTURA LA English DT Article DE Theobroma cacao L.; micronutrient; calibration fertilization ID METAL TOXICITY; PLANTS; MICRONUTRIENTS; ADSORPTION AB Levels of Zn in tropical soils profoundly influences growth and nutrition of tree crops. Research was undertaken to assess the effect of soil Zn on growth and nutrition of clonal cacao tree seedlings of PH 16. Three acidic Oxisol soils differing in texture were used with nine doses of Zn (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 48, and 64 mg dm(-3)). Rooted clonal seedlings were grown in plastic pot with 11 dm(-3) of the soils at varying Zn levels for 240 days. At harvest growth (dry matter mass of leaves, stems, shoots, roots, and total) and nutrient concentrations were determined. The clonal cacao seedlings showed differences for production of dry matter mass and foliar nutrient concentrations for P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu. There was Zn toxicity in all soils. C1 [Cruz Neto, Raimundo De Oliveira] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Vegetal Prod, Ilheus, BA, Brazil. [De Souza Junior, Jose Olimpio; Sodre, George Andrade] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Ilheus, BA, Brazil. [Sodre, George Andrade] CEPLAC CEPEC, Cacao Res Ctr, Cacao Cultivat Plan, Execut Comm, Ilheus, BA, Brazil. [Baligar, Virupax Chanabasappa] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Neto, RDC (reprint author), Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Vegetal Prod, Ilheus, BA, Brazil. EM agrocruzneto@gmail.com; olimpio@uesc.br; sodre@cepec.gov.br; v.cbaligar@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SOC BRASILEIRA FRUTICULTURA PI JABOTICABAL SP PA VIA ACESSO PROF PAULO DONATO CASTELLANE, S-N, JABOTICABAL SP, 14884-900, BRAZIL SN 0100-2945 J9 REV BRAS FRUTIC JI Rev. Bras. Frutic. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1053 EP 1064 DI 10.1590/0100-2945-238/14 PG 12 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DJ0YO UT WOS:000373930500027 ER PT J AU Gaffo, AL Jacobs, DR Wang, HF Saag, KG AF Gaffo, Angelo L. Jacobs, David R., Jr. Wang, Huifen Saag, Kenneth G. TI Weight Variables and Their Association with Serum Urate Concentrations and Hyperuricemia in Young Adults SO ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gaffo, Angelo L.] Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Rheumatol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Gaffo, Angelo L.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Jacobs, David R., Jr.] Univ Minnesota, Epidemiol, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Wang, Huifen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Epidemiol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Saag, Kenneth G.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2326-5191 EI 2326-5205 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUMATOL JI Arthritis Rheumatol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 67 SU 10 MA 234 PG 3 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA DE8BG UT WOS:000370860201231 ER PT J AU Wang, CC Schmid, C Iversen, MD Harvey, WF Fielding, RA Driban, JB Price, LL Wong, JB Reid, K Rones, R McAlindon, TE AF Wang, Chenchen Schmid, Christopher Iversen, Maura D. Harvey, William F. Fielding, Roger A. Driban, Jeffrey B. Price, Lori Lyn Wong, John B. Reid, Kieran Rones, Ramel McAlindon, Timothy E. TI Comparative Effectiveness of Tai Chi Versus Physical Therapy in Treating Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Single-Blind Trial SO ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wang, Chenchen] Tufts Med Ctr, Rheumatol, Bosotn, MA USA. [Wang, Chenchen; Harvey, William F.; Driban, Jeffrey B.; McAlindon, Timothy E.] Tufts Med Ctr, Rheumatol, Boston, MA USA. [Schmid, Christopher] Brown Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Iversen, Maura D.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Fielding, Roger A.; Reid, Kieran] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori Lyn] Tufts Med Ctr, Clin Care Res, Boston, MA USA. [Wong, John B.] Tufts Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Wong, John B.] Tufts Med Ctr, Clin Decis Making, Boston, MA USA. [Rones, Ramel] Ctr Mind Body Therapies, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2326-5191 EI 2326-5205 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUMATOL JI Arthritis Rheumatol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 67 SU 10 MA 951 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA DE8BG UT WOS:000370860202215 ER PT J AU Schwarting, HN Whitworth, RJ Cramer, G Chen, MS AF Schwarting, Holly N. Whitworth, R. Jeff Cramer, Gary Chen, Ming-Shun TI Pheromone Trapping to Determine Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Activity in Kansas SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Mayetiola destructor; pheromones; Hessian fly-free date; best pest management date ID IDENTIFICATION AB The Hessian fly (HF), Mayetiola destructor (Say), has historically been a significant pest of wheat throughout the Great Plains, including Kansas. However, it has been many decades since the flies' activity has been monitored in the field. This paper presents research on the activity of the HF throughout the year in Kansas, i.e., examining when the fly is active and how moisture events may play a role. Results of a newer technology, pheromone trapping, in four counties in Kansas shows that HF males are active in the fall, at least 6 wk later than the historical fly-free dates established nearly 100 yr ago. Therefore, the 'Hessian Fly-Free Date' is not as valid as previously thought and might be better referred to as the 'Best Pest Management Planting Date'. Using pheromones for fall and spring trapping also indicated that HF is more active throughout the spring than previously thought, with almost continuous fly emergence and numerous emergence peaks in both spring and fall. Pheromone traps were also used to determine if fly emergence peaked after moisture events as previously thought. Fly emergence could not be positively correlated with any moisture event. C1 [Schwarting, Holly N.; Whitworth, R. Jeff; Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, 123 W Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Cramer, Gary] Kansas State Univ, South Cent Expt Field, 10620 South Dean Rd, Hutchinson, KS 67505 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Schwarting, HN (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, 123 W Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. FU Kansas Wheat Commission, Kansas Wheat Alliance and Kansas Crop Improvement Association FX Partial research funding provided by the Kansas Wheat Commission, Kansas Wheat Alliance and Kansas Crop Improvement Association. Contribution no. 16-138-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 EI 1937-2353 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 88 IS 4 BP 411 EP 417 DI 10.2317/0022-8567-88.4.411 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DF1MY UT WOS:000371105100001 ER PT J AU Hou, CT Lin, JT Ray, K AF Hou, Ching T. Lin, Jiann-Tsyh Ray, Karen TI Identification of molecular species of polyol oils produced from soybean oil by Pseudomonas aeruginosa E03-12 NRRL B-59991 SO BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Soypolyol oils; Soybean oil; Bioconversion; Hydroxy acylglycerols; Hydroxy fatty acids; Oils separation ID CLAVIBACTER SP ALA2; TETRAHYDROFURANYL FATTY-ACIDS; LINOLEIC-ACID; CASTOR-OIL; 7,10-DIHYDROXY-8(E)-OCTADECENOIC ACID; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ACYLGLYCEROLS; QUANTIFICATION; BIOCONVERSION; HPLC AB The objective of this study is to identify the chemical species of the polyol oil products produced from soybean oil by Pseudomonas aeruginosa E03-12 NRRL B-59991. We reported earlier the polyol products produced from soybean oil by Acinetobacter haemolyticus A01-35 (NRRL B-59985) (Hou and Lin, 2013). The polyol oil produced by strain A01-35 were a mixture of 57 molecular species of DAG containing tri-, di-, mono-hydroxy FA and normal FA. In this study, tricaprylin was selected as internal standard for HPLC quantitative estimation of products. A CombiFlash chromatographic method was established for separation of the polyol oil products. The molecular species of the polyol oils produced from soybean oil by strain E03-12 were identified with HPLC/MS. We identified 41 derivatives of DAG, among them 32 molecular species containing one hydroxy FA and one normal FA, 8 molecular species containing two hydroxy FA without normal FA, and one molecular specie containing two normal FA without hydroxylated FA. The hydroxy FA included mono-, di- and tri-hydroxy FA. Eight molecular species of DAG containing one trihydroxy FA and 14 molecular species of DAG containing one dihydroxy FA. We have also identified 64 molecular species of TAG, among them 13 molecular species containing two hydroxy FA, 42 molecular species containing one hydroxy FA and 9 molecular species containing no hydroxylated FA. This is different from our previous findings with A. haemolyticus A01-35 which produced only DAG polyol oils. E03-12 is a better strain for developing into an industrial bioprocess. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hou, Ching T.; Ray, Karen] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Lin, Jiann-Tsyh] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Hou, CT (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Ching.hou@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1878-8181 J9 BIOCATAL AGRIC BIOTE JI Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 4 IS 4 BP 500 EP 505 DI 10.1016/j.bcab.2015.08.017 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA DC4GS UT WOS:000369179400011 ER PT J AU Zhang, FF Roberts, SB Must, A Wong, WW Gilhooly, CH Kelly, MJ Parsons, SK Saltzman, E AF Zhang, Fang Fang Roberts, Susan B. Must, Aviva Wong, William W. Gilhooly, Cheryl H. Kelly, Michael J. Parsons, Susan K. Saltzman, Edward TI Assessing Dietary Intake in Childhood Cancer Survivors: Food Frequency Questionnaire Versus 24-Hour Diet Recalls SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE childhood cancer survivors; dietary assessment; dietary intake ID DOUBLY-LABELED WATER; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; ROOM CALORIMETRY; MULTIPLE-PASS; VALIDATION; RECORDS; BLOCK; ACCURACY; CHILDREN; VALIDITY AB Cancer diagnosis and treatment may influence dietary intake. The validity of using self-reported methods to quantify dietary intake has not been evaluated in childhood cancer survivors. We validated total energy intake (EI) reported from Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and repeated 24-hour diet recalls (24HRs) against total energy expenditure (TEE) measured using the doubly labeled water method in 16 childhood cancer survivors. Dietary under-reporting, assessed by (EI-TEE)/TEE x 100%, was 22% for FFQ and 1% for repeated 24HRs. FFQ significantly underestimates dietary intake and should not be used to assess the absolute intake of foods and nutrients in childhood cancer survivors. C1 [Zhang, Fang Fang] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Dept Nutr Sci, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Roberts, Susan B.; Gilhooly, Cheryl H.; Saltzman, Edward] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Must, Aviva] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wong, William W.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kelly, Michael J.] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Floating Hosp Children, Boston, MA USA. [Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. RP Zhang, FF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Dept Nutr Sci, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM fang_fang.zhang@tufts.edu FU Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center [P30DK46200]; National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; National Institutes of Health [UL1 TR000073] FX All of the phases of this study were supported by the Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center grant number P30DK46200, the National Center for Research Resources grant number UL1 RR025752, the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, and the National Institutes of Health grant number UL1 TR000073. The funding source had no role in the design, conduct, or analysis of this study or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0277-2116 EI 1536-4801 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 61 IS 4 BP 499 EP 502 DI 10.1097/MPG.0000000000000826 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA DD0CK UT WOS:000369587700028 PM 25883059 ER PT J AU Smith, DR AF Smith, David R. TI A NEW PRISTAULACUS KIEFFER (HYMENOPTERA: AULACIDAE) FROM MEXICO SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE parasitoid; Haematoxylum AB Pristaulacus laetus Smith, n. sp., is described from Sonora, Mexico. The female and male are described, illustrated, and separated from the similar P. mexiuni Smith and other Pristaulacus species. C1 [Smith, David R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sawfly2@aol.com NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 117 IS 4 BP 495 EP 498 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.4.495 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DD2SB UT WOS:000369771400008 ER PT J AU Smith, DR AF Smith, David R. TI A NEW MONOPHADNOIDES ASHMEAD (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE) FROM EASTERN NORTH AMERICA AND NOTES ON OTHER SPECIES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Blennocampinae; sawflies ID SYMPHYTA; SAWFLIES AB Monophadnoides inornatus Smith, n. sp., is described from eastern United States, and the previously unknown male of M. conspiculatus MacGillivray is described. Comparisons are made of these two species and M. pauper (Provancher), which are similar sympatric species that might be confused. Females and males of the three species are illustrated for comparison and a revised key to males is provided. C1 [Smith, David R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sawfly2@aol.com NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 117 IS 4 BP 499 EP 507 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.4.499 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DD2SB UT WOS:000369771400009 ER PT J AU Banks, A Gates, M AF Banks, Ashley Gates, Michael TI A new distribution record for Mestocharis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in North America SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material ID GENUS MESTOCHARIS C1 [Gates, Michael] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC-0168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Banks, A (reprint author), 15 West Glebe Rd, Alexandria, VA 22305 USA. EM aminoashley@gmail.com; michael.gates@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 117 IS 4 BP 519 EP 521 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.4.519 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DD2SB UT WOS:000369771400011 ER PT J AU Goulet, H Smith, DR Smith, MA Fernandez-Triana, J AF Goulet, Henri Smith, David R. Smith, M. Alex Fernandez-Triana, Jose TI New Country Records for Teredon cubensis (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Goulet, Henri; Fernandez-Triana, Jose] Canadian Natl Insect Collect, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Smith, David R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Smith, M. Alex] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Goulet, H (reprint author), Canadian Natl Insect Collect, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. EM Henri.Goulet@agr.gc.ca; salex@uoguelph.ca; sawfly2@aol.com; jose.fernandez@agr.gc.ca RI Smith, M Alex/B-4468-2013 OI Smith, M Alex/0000-0002-8650-2575 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 117 IS 4 BP 522 EP 524 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.4.522 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DD2SB UT WOS:000369771400012 ER PT J AU Reddy, AM Carruthers, RI Mills, NJ AF Reddy, Angelica M. Carruthers, Raymond I. Mills, Nicholas J. TI No evolution of reduced resistance and compensation for psyllid herbivory by the invasive Genista monspessulana SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Invasive plant; EICA; Herbivory; Resistance; Compensation; Biological control ID INCREASED COMPETITIVE ABILITY; TREE MELALEUCA-QUINQUENERVIA; INTRODUCED PLANT-POPULATIONS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SOLIDAGO-GIGANTEA; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; NATIVE POPULATIONS; NATURAL ENEMIES; FRENCH BROOM; GROWTH AB The evolution of redirecting resources from plant defense to growth or reproduction may explain why some exotic species are successful invaders in new environments. For example, the evolution of increased competitive ability hypothesis posits that escape from herbivores by invasive plants results in the selection of more vigorous genotypes that reduce their allocation of resources to defense. In addition, understanding the defense strategy of an invasive plant may help forecast the likely impact of herbivory. We tested the prediction of reduced defense (i.e., resistance) in Genista monspessulana, measured indirectly as the performance of a specialist psyllid herbivore, by comparing five native and introduced plant populations. We also examined the ability of G. monspessulana to compensate for herbivory in the presence and the absence of psyllids for a single plant population from the native and introduced regions. Plant origin (native or introduced) did not influence the psyllid's abundance and population growth rate, suggesting no change in resistance to herbivory for introduced plants. Similarly, we found no overall difference in plant performance between individuals in the presence and the absence of psyllid herbivory, suggesting that G. monspessulana was able to fully compensate for herbivory. Damaged plants compensated by changing the pattern of branching, which also resulted in greater dry leaf biomass. We conclude that evolution of reduced defenses does not explain the success of G. monspessulana as an invader and that compensation for herbivory may limit the efficacy of the psyllid as a biological control agent. C1 [Reddy, Angelica M.; Carruthers, Raymond I.] USDA ARS WRRC, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Mills, Nicholas J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Reddy, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS WRRC, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM angelica.reddy@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, a Bureau of Land Management Research Agreement; Georges Lurcy Fellowship (UC Berkeley) FX The authors thank the staff from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization and the USDA-ARS, European Biological Control Laboratory for assistance in collecting psyllids in France and locating European populations of G. monspessulana. They also thank Patrick Moran, Paul Pratt, and John Beck (USDA-ARS) for critical reviews. This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, a Bureau of Land Management Research Agreement, and a Georges Lurcy Fellowship (UC Berkeley). NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 EI 1573-5052 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 216 IS 10 BP 1457 EP 1468 DI 10.1007/s11258-015-0525-1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA DC7JK UT WOS:000369395800010 ER PT J AU Grey, TL Webster, TM Li, X Anderson, W Cutts, GS AF Grey, Timothy L. Webster, Theodore M. Li, Xiao Anderson, William Cutts, George S., III TI Evaluation of Control of Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum) with Tillage and Herbicides SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biofuel crop; herbicide; invasive species ID MISCANTHUS X GIGANTEUS; BIOMASS; ENERGYCANE; TOLERANCE; BIOFUEL AB Napiergrass has potential as a cellulosic biofuel crop because of its rapid growth habit in the southern United States. However, it is also listed as a potential invasive species by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. For field renovation, information about napiergrass control in response to tillage and herbicides is required. Field studies were initiated to evaluate control of napiergrass established in fields for over 3 yr at Plains, GA, and Tifton, GA. For tillage and POST herbicides, imazapyr plus glyphosate consistently controlled napiergrass relative to diclosulam plus glyphosate, sulfentrazone plus glyphosate, or tillage in terms of visual injury, stem height and dry biomass reduction. One application of imazapyr plus glyphosate controlled napiergrass 74 and 94%, and reduced plant stem height to 6 and 15% of the nontreated control. When diclosulam plus glyphosate, sulfentrazone plus glyphosate, or tillage was used alone with no sequential herbicides, napiergrass control ranged from 12 to 33%; when these control tactics were followed by two sequential applications of either sethoxydim or glyphosate, napiergrass control varied from 45 to 99%. Reductions in plant heights were reflective of injury 47 d after final herbicide applications (May/June). Napiergrass yield in dry biomass production was reduced by imazapyr plus glyphosate >= 86% relative to the nontreated control (NTC). Diclosulam plus glyphosate, sulfentrazone plus glyphosate, or tillage alone was not effective in reducing napiergrass dry biomass yields ranging from 1 to 47% compared with the NTC; when these treatments were followed by sequential applications of sethoxydim or glyphosate, napiergrass dry biomass was reduced 46 to 91% compared with the NTC. Tillage plus two applications of sethoxydim or glyphosate exhibited control potential because they provided levels of napiergrass control similar to imazapyr-based treatments. Tillage plus multiple applications of sethoxydim or glyphosate offers flexibility to crop rotations as compared with the residual herbicide imazapyr, which has many crop rotation restrictions because of carryover concerns. C1 [Grey, Timothy L.] Univ Georgia, Crop & Soil Sci Dept, 2360 Rainwater Rd, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. ARS, Crop Protect & Management, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Crop Genet & Breeding Res, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. Monsanto Co, Line Dev Breeder, ZA-1512 Petit, Benoni, South Africa. RP Grey, TL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Crop & Soil Sci Dept, 2360 Rainwater Rd, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM tgrey@uga.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); University of Georgia, College of Agriculture FX Partial financial support was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the University of Georgia, College of Agriculture. The University of Georgia Southwest Georgia Research and Education Center provided land for this research. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 EI 1939-747X J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 8 IS 4 BP 393 EP 400 DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-15-00012.1 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB6LL UT WOS:000368626400003 ER PT J AU Meyers, K Pieropan, N Collier, T AF Meyers, Kathleen Pieropan, Nancy Collier, Timothy TI Monitoring a Gall Midge Population on Russian Knapweed (Acroptilon repens) SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biological control; phenology; population dynamics ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CENTAUREA-REPENS AB This paper describes postrelease monitoring of a population of Jaapiella ivannikovi, a gall-forming midge that was introduced for biological control of Russian knapweed. In 2011 to 2013, from late May to early June through August, we monitored 100 permanent plots at one of the first release sites of J. ivannikovi in central Wyoming. Based on the phenology of gall formation, an appropriate window for collection of galls to distribute to new sites is from early to mid-June through early August. Although J. ivannikovi established successfully, 4 yr after release, the percentage of ramets that were galled remained low (1 to 2%), indicating that J. ivannikovi is not yet having a significant effect on Russian knapweed at the site. C1 [Collier, Timothy] Univ Wyoming, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Laramie, WY 82072 USA. Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Plant Protect & Quarantine, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA. Fremont Cty Weed & Pest, Lander, WY 82520 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Laramie, WY 82072 USA. RP Collier, T (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Laramie, WY 82072 USA. EM tcollier@uwyo.edu FU Wyoming Weed and Pest Council; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine FX The authors thank Jeff Littlefield, Montana State University for providing galls for field release; Jeff Littlefield, Rich Hansen, Dan Bean, Lars Baker, and Urs Schaffner for useful discussions; anonymous reviewers for providing useful comments; Ernie Evans, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, for logistical assistance; and the Shoshone and Arapaho Tribes for access to the site. This research was funded by the Wyoming Weed and Pest Council and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine. Field assistance was also provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Cheyenne, Wyoming. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 EI 1939-747X J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 8 IS 4 BP 409 EP 414 DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-15-00032.1 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB6LL UT WOS:000368626400005 ER PT J AU Burrin, D Jiang, YJ Fang, ZF Stoll, B Guthrie, GJ Wang, HT Ipharraguerre, IR Pastor, JJ AF Burrin, Douglas Jiang, Yanjun Fang, Zhengfeng Stoll, Barbara Guthrie, Gregory J. Wang, Hongtao Ipharraguerre, Ignacio R. Pastor, Jose J. TI Enteral Obeticholic Acid Prevents Hepatic Cholestasis in Total Parenteral Nutrition-Fed Neonatal Pigs SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) CY NOV 13-17, 2015 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Burrin, Douglas; Jiang, Yanjun; Stoll, Barbara; Guthrie, Gregory J.] USDA Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Fang, Zhengfeng] Sichuan Agr Univ, Inst Anim Nutr, Chengdu, Peoples R China. [Wang, Hongtao] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Pediat Gastroenterol, Hepatol,Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ipharraguerre, Ignacio R.; Pastor, Jose J.] Lucta SA, Barcelona, Spain. [Ipharraguerre, Ignacio R.] Univ Kiel, Inst Human Nutr & Food Sci, Kiel, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2015 VL 62 SU 1 SI SI MA 194 BP 307A EP 307A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DB2YA UT WOS:000368375401079 ER PT J AU Hunt, CM Beste, LA Ioannou, GN Lowy, E Provenzale, DT Kelley, MJ Suzuki, A Moylan, CA Oloruntoba, OO Tillmann, HL Lim, JK Ross, D AF Hunt, Christine M. Beste, Lauren A. Ioannou, George N. Lowy, Elliott Provenzale, Dawn T. Kelley, Michael J. Suzuki, Ayako Moylan, Cynthia A. Oloruntoba, Omobonike O. Tillmann, Hans L. Lim, Joseph K. Ross, David TI Hepatitis B Testing Prior to Administration of Rituximab, Ofatumumab and Obinutuzumab in the National Veterans Affairs Health Healthcare System, 2002-2014 SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) CY NOV 13-17, 2015 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Hunt, Christine M.; Provenzale, Dawn T.; Kelley, Michael J.; Moylan, Cynthia A.; Oloruntoba, Omobonike O.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Hunt, Christine M.; Provenzale, Dawn T.; Kelley, Michael J.; Moylan, Cynthia A.; Oloruntoba, Omobonike O.] Durham VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC USA. [Ross, David] USDA, Off Publ Hlth, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Beste, Lauren A.; Ioannou, George N.; Lowy, Elliott] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Ioannou, George N.; Lowy, Elliott] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Suzuki, Ayako] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Med, Div Hepatol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Lim, Joseph K.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Hepatol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Tillmann, Hans L.] Eastern Carolina Univ, Dept Med, Greenville, NC USA. [Suzuki, Ayako] Cent Arkansas Vet Heathcare Syst, Dept Med, Div Hepatol, Little Rock, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2015 VL 62 SU 1 SI SI MA 540 BP 478A EP 479A PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DB2YA UT WOS:000368375401423 ER PT J AU Jiang, YJ Fang, ZF Stoll, B Guthrie, GJ Holst, J Hartmann, B Burrin, D AF Jiang, Yanjun Fang, Zhengfeng Stoll, Barbara Guthrie, Gregory J. Holst, Jens Hartmann, Bolette Burrin, Douglas TI Enteral Obeticholic Acid Promotes Intestinal Growth in Total Parenteral Nutrition Fed Neonatal Pigs SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) CY NOV 13-17, 2015 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Jiang, Yanjun; Stoll, Barbara; Guthrie, Gregory J.; Burrin, Douglas] USDA Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Fang, Zhengfeng] Sichuan Agr Univ, Inst Anim Nutr, Chengdu, Peoples R China. [Holst, Jens; Hartmann, Bolette] Univ Copenhagen, NNF Ctr Basic Metab Res, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Holst, Jens; Hartmann, Bolette] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biomed Sci, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Burrin, Douglas] Baylor Coll Med, Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2015 VL 62 SU 1 SI SI MA 1689 BP 1032A EP 1032A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DB2YA UT WOS:000368375403481 ER PT J AU Ma, XL Huete, A Moran, S Ponce-Campos, G Eamus, D AF Ma, Xuanlong Huete, Alfredo Moran, Susan Ponce-Campos, Guillermo Eamus, Derek TI Abrupt shifts in phenology and vegetation productivity under climate extremes SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE climate extremes; carbon cycling; remote sensing; ecological resilience; semiarid ID CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA; SEMIARID ECOSYSTEMS; TEMPORAL DYNAMICS; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; CARBON UPTAKE; VARIABILITY; SAVANNA; FOREST; BIOMES AB Amplification of the hydrologic cycle as a consequence of global warming is predicted to increase climate variability and the frequency and severity of droughts. Recent large-scale drought and flooding over numerous continents provide unique opportunities to understand ecosystem responses to climatic extremes. In this study, we investigated the impacts of the early 21st century extreme hydroclimatic variations in southeastern Australia on phenology and vegetation productivity using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Enhanced Vegetation Index and Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index. Results revealed dramatic impacts of drought and wet extremes on vegetation dynamics, with abrupt between year changes in phenology. Drought resulted in widespread reductions or collapse in the normal patterns of seasonality such that in many cases there was no detectable phenological cycle during drought years. Across the full range of biomes examined, we found semiarid ecosystems to exhibit the largest sensitivity to hydroclimatic variations, exceeding that of arid and humid ecosystems. This result demonstrated the vulnerability of semiarid ecosystems to climatic extremes and potential loss of ecosystem resilience with future mega-drought events. A skewed distribution of hydroclimatic sensitivity with aridity is of global biogeochemical significance because it suggests that current drying trends in semiarid regions will reduce hydroclimatic sensitivity and suppress the large carbon sink that has been reported during recent wet periods (e.g., 2011 La Nina). C1 [Ma, Xuanlong; Huete, Alfredo] Univ Technol Sydney, Plant Funct Biol & Climate Change Cluster, Broadway, NSW, Australia. [Moran, Susan; Ponce-Campos, Guillermo] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Eamus, Derek] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Life Sci, Broadway, NSW, Australia. RP Ma, XL (reprint author), Univ Technol Sydney, Plant Funct Biol & Climate Change Cluster, Broadway, NSW, Australia. EM xuanlong.ma@uts.edu.au OI Huete, Alfredo/0000-0003-2809-2376; Ma, Xuanlong/0000-0003-1499-8476 FU Australian Research Council-Discovery Project "Impacts of extreme hydro-meteorological conditions on ecosystem functioning and productivity patterns across Australia" [ARC-DP140102698] FX This study was jointly supported by the Australian Research Council-Discovery Project "Impacts of extreme hydro-meteorological conditions on ecosystem functioning and productivity patterns across Australia" (ARC-DP140102698, Huete), the NASA SMAP Science Definition Team under agreement 08-SMAPSDT08-0042, and the NASA SMAP Science Team under agreement NNH14AX72I. The data used in this study are freely available upon request from the corresponding author. NR 62 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 15 U2 38 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 120 IS 10 BP 2036 EP 2052 DI 10.1002/2015JG003144 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DB7XK UT WOS:000368730300010 ER PT J AU Zhang, YL Song, CH Sun, G Band, LE Noormets, A Zhang, QF AF Zhang, Yulong Song, Conghe Sun, Ge Band, Lawrence E. Noormets, Asko Zhang, Quanfa TI Understanding moisture stress on light use efficiency across terrestrial ecosystems based on global flux and remote-sensing data SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE GPP; LUE; soil-plant-atmosphere continuum; moisture stress; MODIS; FLUXNET ID GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; RADIATION-USE EFFICIENCY; MODIS LAI; SEVERE DROUGHT; WATER-STRESS; LEAF-AREA; MODEL; VEGETATION; CLIMATE AB Light use efficiency (LUE) is a key biophysical parameter characterizing the ability of plants to convert absorbed light to carbohydrate. However, the environmental regulations on LUE, especially moisture stress, are poorly understood, leading to large uncertainties in primary productivity estimated by LUE models. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of moisture stress on LUE for a wide range of ecosystems on daily, 8 day, and monthly scales. Using the FLUXNET and Moderate Resolution Imagine Spectroradiometer data, we evaluated moisture stress along the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum, including soil water content (SWC) and soil water saturation (SWS), land surface wetness index (LSWI) and plant evaporative fraction (EF), and precipitation and daytime atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD). We found that LUE was most responsive to plant moisture indicators (EF and LSWI), least responsive to soil moisture (SWC and SWS) variations with the atmospheric indicator (VPD) falling in between. LUE showed higher sensitivity to SWC than VPD only for grassland ecosystems. For evergreen forest, LUE had better association with VPD than LSWI. All moisture indicators (except soil indicators) were generally less effective in affecting LUE on the daily and 8 day scales than on the monthly scale. Our study highlights the complexity of moisture stress on LUE and suggests that a single moisture indicator or function in LUE models is not sufficient to capture the diverse responses of vegetation to moisture stress. LUE models should consider the variability identified in this study to more realistically reflect the environmental controls on ecosystem functions. C1 [Zhang, Yulong; Song, Conghe; Band, Lawrence E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Zhang, Yulong; Band, Lawrence E.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Song, Conghe] E China Normal Univ, Sch Ecol & Environm Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. [Sun, Ge; Noormets, Asko] Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Zhang, Quanfa] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan Bot Garden, Wuhan, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, YL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC USA.; Zhang, YL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM ylzhang@unc.edu; csong@email.unc.edu RI Song, Conghe/E-3087-2016; Zhang, Yulong/K-1104-2015; Zhang, Quanfa/H-1922-2011 OI Song, Conghe/0000-0002-4099-4906; Zhang, Yulong/0000-0002-4263-8067; FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-1313756, 14-JV-11330110-045]; Chinese Natural Science Foundation [31528004] FX The EC data set used in this study was from FLUXNET (http://www.fluxdata.org/), a global network of micrometeorological tower sites gathered from a series of regional networks including: CarboeuropeIP, AmeriFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, LBA, Asiaflux, Chinaflux, USCCC, Ozflux, Carboafrica, Koflux, NECC, TCOS-Siberia, and Afriflux. We appreciate the flux tower Pls who made these data freely available and all the other people who were involved in the tower field work. We would like to thank the Editor, the Associate Editor, and the anonymous reviewers who provide insightful and constructive comments on the manuscript. This research was financially supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (DEB-1313756, USDA Forest Service-Joint Venture Agreement (14-JV-11330110-045) and Chinese Natural Science Foundation (31528004). NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 19 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 120 IS 10 BP 2053 EP 2066 DI 10.1002/2015JG003023 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DB7XK UT WOS:000368730300011 ER PT J AU Savchenko, KG Carris, LM Castlebury, LA Heluta, VP Wasser, SP Nevo, E AF Savchenko, Kyrylo G. Carris, Lori M. Castlebury, Lisa A. Heluta, Vasyl P. Wasser, Solomon P. Nevo, Eviatar TI Entyloma scandicis, a new smut fungus on Scandix verna from Mediterranean forests of Israel SO MYCOTAXON LA English DT Article DE Entylomatales; evolution; plant pathogens ID RPOC1 INTRON SEQUENCES; PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; SUBFAMILY APIOIDEAE; MRBAYES; TREES; MAFFT AB The morphology and phylogeny of a species of Entyloma on Scandix verna (Apiaceae, Apioideae, Scandiceae) collected in the Mount Carmel and Lower Galilee regions of Israel were studied using light microscopy and ITS rDNA sequence analyses. The fungus differs morphologically from other species on hosts of subfamily Apioideae: E. bupleuri, E. helosciadii s.l., E. kundmanniae, E. magocsyanum, and E. pastinacae. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that all specimens of Entyloma from Scandix represent a monophyletic lineage, sister to E. magocsyanum. As a result, the smut in leaves of Scandix verna is described and illustrated here as a new species, Entyloma scandicis. C1 [Savchenko, Kyrylo G.; Carris, Lori M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Castlebury, Lisa A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Savchenko, Kyrylo G.; Heluta, Vasyl P.; Wasser, Solomon P.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, MG Kholodny Inst Bot, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. [Wasser, Solomon P.; Nevo, Eviatar] Univ Haifa, Dept Evolutionary & Environm Biol, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. RP Savchenko, KG (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kyryll.savchenko@wsu.edu NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU MYCOTAXON LTD PI ITHACA PA PO BOX 264, ITHACA, NY 14851-0264 USA SN 0093-4666 J9 MYCOTAXON JI Mycotaxon PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 130 IS 4 BP 1061 EP 1071 DI 10.5248/130.1061 PG 11 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA DB1HE UT WOS:000368258200015 ER PT J AU Mellon, JE Mattison, CP Grimm, CC AF Mellon, J. E. Mattison, C. P. Grimm, C. C. TI Aspergillus flavus-secreted proteins during an in vivo fungal-cotton carpel tissue interaction SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; Glucanase; Pectinolytic; Proteinase; Virulence factor; Gossypium hirsutum; Carpel tissue ID PATHOGENESIS; HYDROLASES; ENZYMES AB Cotton bolls (Gossypium hirsutum) were inoculated with Aspergillus flavus to investigate extracellular hydrolases produced during infection. Fungal proteins from the infection site were isolated and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Protein bands were excised and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We identified several proteins including an exoglucanase 1 precursor (AFL2G_03805), a hypothetical protein similar to rhamnogalacturonan lyase A (AFL2G_05136), and a hypothetical protein similar to pectate lyase A (AFL2G_05954). We also matched three peptides to an oryzin precursor protein (AFL2G_01995). Our findings support the conclusion that glucanase, pectinolytic, and proteolytic proteins are important for fungal maceration of cotton carpel tissue during infection. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mellon, J. E.; Mattison, C. P.; Grimm, C. C.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Mellon, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Jay.Mellon@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 92 BP 38 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2015.08.002 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB3TY UT WOS:000368436000006 ER PT J AU Wilson, WC Gaudreault, NN Jasperson, DC Johnson, DJ Ostlund, EN Chase, CL Ruder, MG Stallknecht, DE AF Wilson, William C. Gaudreault, Natasha N. Jasperson, Dane C. Johnson, Donna J. Ostlund, Eileen N. Chase, Christopher L. Ruder, Mark G. Stallknecht, David E. TI Molecular evolution of American field strains of Bluetongue and Epizootic haemorrhagic disease viruses SO VETERINARIA ITALIANA LA English DT Article DE Bluetongue; Epizootic haemorrhagic disease; Molecular evolution ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; UNITED-STATES; CULICOIDES-VARIIPENNIS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; L2 GENE; SEROTYPE-2; CALIFORNIA; VACCINE; CATTLE; PARTICLES AB Recent Orbivirus occurrences in the Americas have been investigated using whole genome amplification and sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis. The Bluetongue virus (BTV) and Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) whole genomes were amplified without prior sequence knowledge and deep sequenced. This technology was applied to evaluate BTV-3 isolates spanning 4 decades from Florida, Arkansas, Mississippi, South Dakota, Central America, and the Caribbean Basin. The results of the dataset analysis are consistent with the hypothesis that these viruses were introduced into the United States from Central America and the Caribbean Basin. A similar analysis has been performed on a recent BTV-2 isolate from California. It indicates that the BTV-2 strain was likely introduced into Florida and then moved South to the Caribbean and West to California. A historical (1955-2012) molecular characterisation of EHDV strains was also completed, and subsequently used as reference sequence for comparison of genomes from recent 2012 cattle isolates associated with clinical disease. Finally, this analysis was performed on BTV-11 isolated from 2 canine cases and demonstrated that the genome sequences of the virus isolates from these cases were almost identical. These studies indicate the value of this technology in understanding virus epidemiology and ecology. C1 [Wilson, William C.; Gaudreault, Natasha N.; Jasperson, Dane C.; Ruder, Mark G.] ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Manhattan, KS USA. [Johnson, Donna J.; Ostlund, Eileen N.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Sci Technol & Analyt Serv,Vet Serv,USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Chase, Christopher L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Stallknecht, David E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Athens, GA USA. RP Wilson, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM William.Wilson@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service [5430-32000-006-00D] FX The authors thank Dr Phillip Schumm and Dr Ben M. Hause for early review of this manuscript. This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (project #5430-32000-006-00D). This report is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IST ZOOPROFILATTICO SPERIMENTALE ABRUZZO & MOLISE G CAPORALE-IZS A&M PI TERAMO PA CAMPO BOARIO, TERAMO, 64100, ITALY SN 0505-401X EI 1828-1427 J9 VET ITAL JI Vet. Ital. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 51 IS 4 BP 269 EP 273 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DB4VS UT WOS:000368512300005 PM 26741243 ER PT J AU Drolet, BS Reister, LM Lehiy, CJ Van Rijn, PA Bowen, RA AF Drolet, Barbara S. Reister, Lindsey M. Lehiy, Christopher J. Van Rijn, Piet A. Bowen, Richard A. TI Effect of Culicoides sonorensis salivary proteins on clinical disease outcome in experimental Bluetongue virus serotype 8 infection of Dorset sheep SO VETERINARIA ITALIANA LA English DT Article DE Biting midges; Bluetongue virus; Bluetongue virus; serotype 8; Clinical disease; Culicoides sonorensis; Saliva; Sheep; Vector-enhanced; transmission ID EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; SCHMALLENBERG VIRUS; BITING MIDGE; GLAND; CATTLE; SHEEP; POTENTIATION; INTERFERON; DIPTERA; VECTOR AB The severity of Bluetongue clinical disease in ruminants varies greatly depending on the outbreak serotype/strain, animal species/breed, and immune status of the herd. To predict disease risk from any of the 26 Bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes identified to date, experimental animal susceptibility studies are often conducted. Although sheep are the most susceptible livestock species in the US, infection of domestic breeds by injection of field isolates rarely produces the level of clinical disease observed in natural Culicoides midge-transmitted outbreaks. Thus, outbreak risk assessments based on experimental animal infections can underestimate the severity posed by a potential outbreak with a given virus serotype or strain. The aim of this study was to determine whether secreted Culicoides salivary proteins injected simultaneously with virus, to more closely mimic midge-delivered virus, would affect clinical disease outcome in a BTV-8 sheep susceptibility study. Eight sheep were intradermally inoculated with BTV-8; 4 received virus mixed with secreted Culicoides salivary proteins (BTV-8 + Cu SP), 4 received virus alone. Clinical signs were monitored daily for type, severity and duration. In sheep receiving the BTV-8 + Cu SP inoculum, clinical signs were more varied, more severe, and duration was three times longer compared to sheep receiving virus alone. These results suggest that Culicoides salivary proteins may play a contributing role in BTV pathology and that use of these proteins in experimental animal infections may allow development of a more robust target-host animal model. C1 [Drolet, Barbara S.; Reister, Lindsey M.; Lehiy, Christopher J.] ARS, USDA, ABADRU, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Van Rijn, Piet A.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Virol, Cent Vet Inst, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Van Rijn, Piet A.] North West Univ, Ctr Human Metabon, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Bowen, Richard A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. RP Drolet, BS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ABADRU, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM barbara.drolet@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; ARS; NP103 Animal Health National Program [3020-32000-006]; NP104 Medical, Veterinary, and Urban Entomology National Program [3020-32000-007] FX We thank Jim Kempert and Bill Yarnell (ABADRU) for providing colony insects for salivary protein collections. Funding for this research was provided by the USDA, ARS, NP103 Animal Health National Program, Project Number 3020-32000-006 and NP104 Medical, Veterinary, and Urban Entomology National Program, Project Number 3020-32000-007. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IST ZOOPROFILATTICO SPERIMENTALE ABRUZZO & MOLISE G CAPORALE-IZS A&M PI TERAMO PA CAMPO BOARIO, TERAMO, 64100, ITALY SN 0505-401X EI 1828-1427 J9 VET ITAL JI Vet. Ital. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 51 IS 4 BP 379 EP 384 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DB4VS UT WOS:000368512300014 PM 26741250 ER PT J AU Nayduch, D Erram, D Lee, MB Zurek, L Saski, CA AF Nayduch, Dana Erram, Dinesh Lee, Matthew B. Zurek, Ludek Saski, Christopher A. TI Impact of the blood meal on humoral immunity and microbiota in the gut of female Culicoides sonorensis SO VETERINARIA ITALIANA LA English DT Article DE Bacteria; Culicoides sonorensis; Differential expression; Innate immunity; Microbiota ID BLUETONGUE VIRUS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; SPOROGONIC DEVELOPMENT; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; MIDGUT MICROBIOTA; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; AEROMONAS-CAVIAE; MUSCA-DOMESTICA; VARIIPENNIS; BACTERIA AB Although Culicoides sonorensis is an important vector of orbiviruses causing significant disease in domestic and wild ruminants in the US, little is known about factors contributing to midge vector competence. In other vectors such as mosquitoes, interactions among the humoral immune response, microbiota, and ingested pathogens within the vector gut directly impact pathogen survival and therefore vectoring potential. We recently described components of the humoral immune response in the reference transcriptome for adult female C. sonorensis and analysed their temporal expression profiles across several dietary states (unfed, blood, or sugar fed). Blood feeding altered the transcription of several humoral immune components of the Immune deficiency (Imd), dual-oxidase (DUOX), and Janus Kinase and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathways. Genes for immune effectors, such as antimicrobial peptides, were in particular highly induced. Since blood feeding also stimulated proliferation and diversification of bacterial populations colonising the gut of female midges, we infer that changes in immune gene expression were a result of fluctuations in gut microbiota. Thus, diet can indirectly (via microbiota) impact gut immune status and therefore should be carefully considered in subsequent studies assessing vector competence in biting midges. C1 [Nayduch, Dana; Lee, Matthew B.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66554 USA. [Erram, Dinesh; Zurek, Ludek] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Saski, Christopher A.] Clemson Univ, Genom & Computat Biol Lab, Clemson, SC USA. RP Nayduch, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66554 USA. EM dana.nayduch@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU IST ZOOPROFILATTICO SPERIMENTALE ABRUZZO & MOLISE G CAPORALE-IZS A&M PI TERAMO PA CAMPO BOARIO, TERAMO, 64100, ITALY SN 0505-401X EI 1828-1427 J9 VET ITAL JI Vet. Ital. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 51 IS 4 BP 385 EP 392 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DB4VS UT WOS:000368512300015 PM 26741251 ER PT J AU Gannon, JP Bailey, SW McGuire, KJ Shanley, JB AF Gannon, John P. Bailey, Scott W. McGuire, Kevin J. Shanley, James B. TI Flushing of distal hillslopes as an alternative source of stream dissolved organic carbon in a headwater catchment SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUBBARD-BROOK-VALLEY; FORESTED WATERSHEDS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; RIPARIAN ZONES; HOT MOMENTS; DOC EXPORT; STORM FLOW; SOIL-WATER; NEW-YORK; MATTER AB We investigated potential source areas of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in headwater streams by examining DOC concentrations in lysimeter, shallow well, and stream water samples from a reference catchment at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. These observations were then compared to high-frequency temporal variations in fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) at the catchment outlet and the predicted spatial extent of shallow groundwater in soils throughout the catchment. While near-stream soils are generally considered a DOC source in forested catchments, DOC concentrations in near-stream groundwater were low (mean = 2.4 mg/L, standard error = 0.6 mg/L), less than hillslope groundwater farther from the channel (mean = 5.7 mg/L, standard error 0.4 mg/L). Furthermore, water tables in near-stream soils did not rise into the carbon-rich upper B or O horizons even during events. In contrast, soils below bedrock outcrops near channel heads where lateral soil formation processes dominate had much higher DOC concentrations. Soils immediately downslope of bedrock areas had thick eluvial horizons indicative of leaching of organic materials, Fe, and Al and had similarly high DOC concentrations in groundwater (mean = 14.5 mg/L, standard error = 0.8 mg/L). Flow from bedrock outcrops partially covered by organic soil horizons produced the highest groundwater DOC concentrations (mean = 20.0 mg/L, standard error = 4.6 mg/L) measured in the catchment. Correspondingly, stream water in channel heads sourced in part by shallow soils and bedrock outcrops had the highest stream DOC concentrations measured in the catchment. Variation in FDOM concentrations at the catchment outlet followed water table fluctuations in shallow to bedrock soils near channel heads. We show that shallow hillslope soils receiving runoff from organic matter-covered bedrock outcrops may be a major source of DOC in headwater catchments in forested mountainous regions where catchments have exposed or shallow bedrock near channel heads. C1 [Gannon, John P.] Western Carolina Univ, Dept Geosci & Nat Resources, Cullowhee, NC 28723 USA. [Bailey, Scott W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Hubbard Brook Expt Forest, North Woodstock, NH USA. [McGuire, Kevin J.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Water Resources Res Ctr, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Shanley, James B.] USGS New England Water Sci Ctr, Montpelier, VT USA. RP Gannon, JP (reprint author), Western Carolina Univ, Dept Geosci & Nat Resources, Cullowhee, NC 28723 USA. EM jpgannon@wcu.edu RI McGuire, Kevin/E-7770-2010; OI McGuire, Kevin/0000-0001-5751-3956; Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X; Gannon, John/0000-0002-4595-3214 FU National Science Foundation [EAR 1014507, DBI/EAR 0754678, LTER DEB 1114804]; Northeastern States Research Cooperative FX The data used in this study will be available for download at www.hubbardbrook.org. This study was supported by the National Science Foundation under grants EAR 1014507, DBI/EAR 0754678, and LTER DEB 1114804 and the Northeastern States Research Cooperative. We thank Joel Detty and Margaret Zimmer for installation of many of the wells used in this analysis, Patricia Brousseau and Rebecca Bourgault for soil pit characterizations, and Margaret Burns for field work assistance. Furthermore, we would like to thank Hjalmer Laudon and Jonathan Malzone who provided early reviews of the manuscript and improved it significantly. Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is operated and maintained by the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 51 IS 10 BP 8114 EP 8128 DI 10.1002/2015WR016927 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA DB3NM UT WOS:000368418400016 ER PT J AU Yin, J Albertson, JD Rigby, JR Porporato, A AF Yin, Jun Albertson, John D. Rigby, James R. Porporato, Amilcare TI Land and atmospheric controls on initiation and intensity of moist convection: CAPE dynamics and LCL crossings SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM; SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; BOUNDARY-LAYER TOP; SOIL-MOISTURE; OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE; WATER-VAPOR; CUMULUS CONVECTION; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; PART I; SURFACE AB The local role that land-atmosphere interactions play in the rainfall process has been often explored by investigating the initiation of moist convection as the top of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) crosses the lifting condensation level (LCL). However, this LCL crossing alone is not a sufficient indicator of the probability and intensity of subsequent convective precipitation, which is instead better characterized by the added consideration of the so-called convective available potential energy (CAPE). In this study, both the LCL crossing and CAPE are jointly considered as the primary indicators of the occurrence and intensity of moist convection in order to analyze the land-atmosphere interactions through a simple soil-plant system and a zero-dimensional mixed-layer model. The approach is explored using the free atmospheric conditions observed at the Central Facility in the Southern Great Plains, where the ABL analysis shows both dry and wet soil can be conducive to early moist convection depending on atmospheric conditions but CAPE always tends to be larger under wetter soil conditions. The combination of the two indicators, LCL crossing and CAPE, further allows us to classify free atmosphere and soil moisture regimes into positive and negative feedback regimes for moist convection. C1 [Yin, Jun; Albertson, John D.; Porporato, Amilcare] Duke Univ, Pratt Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC USA. [Albertson, John D.] Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rigby, James R.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Porporato, A (reprint author), Duke Univ, Pratt Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC USA. EM amilcare.porporato@duke.edu FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX09AN76G]; National Science Foundation [NSF-CBET-10-33467, NSF-EAR-0838301, NSF-EAR-1331846, NSF-EAR-1316258]; U.S. Department of Energy through the Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Terrestrial Carbon Processes program [DE-SC0006967]; USDA Agricultural Research Service [58-6408-3027]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the U.S. Department of Agriculture [2011-67003-30222]; U.S. Department of Energy FX We acknowledge the financial support from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA grant NNX09AN76G), National Science Foundation (NSF-CBET-10-33467, NSF-EAR-0838301, NSF-EAR-1331846, and NSF-EAR-1316258), the U.S. Department of Energy through the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Processes program (DE-SC0006967), USDA Agricultural Research Service (58-6408-3027), as well as the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (2011-67003-30222). Data were obtained from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (available from http://www.arm.gov/). We thank the Editor, Associate Editor, and two anonymous reviewers for useful suggestions and encouragement. Models used in the paper are available upon request. NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 51 IS 10 BP 8476 EP 8493 DI 10.1002/2015WR017286 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA DB3NM UT WOS:000368418400038 ER PT J AU Gerttula, S Zinkgraf, M Muday, GK Lewis, DR Ibatullin, FM Brumer, H Hart, F Mansfield, SD Filkov, V Groover, A AF Gerttula, Suzanne Zinkgraf, Matthew Muday, Gloria K. Lewis, Daniel R. Ibatullin, Farid M. Brumer, Harry Hart, Foster Mansfield, Shawn D. Filkov, Vladimir Groover, Andrew TI Transcriptional and Hormonal Regulation of Gravitropism of Woody Stems in Populus SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID HOMEOBOX GENE BREVIPEDICELLUS; MATURATION STRESS GENERATION; SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM; CELL-WALL FORMATION; TENSION WOOD; ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINS; AUXIN TRANSPORT; GRAVITATIONAL INDUCTION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FORMING TISSUES AB Angiosperm trees reorient their woody stems by asymmetrically producing a specialized xylem tissue, tension wood, which exerts a strong contractile force resulting in negative gravitropism of the stem. Here, we show, in Populus trees, that initial gravity perception and response occurs in specialized cells through sedimentation of starch-filled amyloplasts and relocalization of the auxin transport protein, PIN3. Gibberellic acid treatment stimulates the rate of tension wood formation and gravibending and enhances tissue-specific expression of an auxin-responsive reporter. Gravibending, maturation of contractile fibers, and gibberellic acid (GA) stimulation of tension wood formation are all sensitive to transcript levels of the Class I KNOX homeodomain transcription factor-encoding gene ARBORKNOX2 (ARK2). We generated genome-wide transcriptomes for trees in which gene expression was perturbed by gravistimulation, GA treatment, and modulation of ARK2 expression. These data were employed in computational analyses to model the transcriptional networks underlying wood formation, including identification and dissection of gene coexpression modules associated with wood phenotypes, GA response, and ARK2 binding to genes within modules. We propose a model for gravitropism in the woody stem in which the peripheral location of PIN3-expressing cells relative to the cambium results in auxin transport toward the cambium in the top of the stem, triggering tension wood formation, while transport away from the cambium in the bottom of the stem triggers opposite wood formation. C1 [Gerttula, Suzanne; Zinkgraf, Matthew; Groover, Andrew] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Muday, Gloria K.; Lewis, Daniel R.] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27106 USA. [Ibatullin, Farid M.; Brumer, Harry] AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Royal Inst Technol, Sch Biotechnol, Div Glycosci, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ibatullin, Farid M.] Natl Res Ctr, Div Biophys, Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Kurchatov Inst, Gatchina 188300, Russia. [Brumer, Harry] Univ British Columbia, Michael Smith Labs, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Brumer, Harry] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Hart, Foster; Mansfield, Shawn D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Wood Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Filkov, Vladimir] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Groover, Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Groover, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM agroover@fs.fed.us OI Ibatullin, Farid/0000-0002-7660-4172; Groover, Andrew/0000-0002-6686-5774 FU USDA AFRI [2011-67013-30062, 2015-67013-22891]; NSF [IOS-1402064]; NASA [NNX09AK82G]; NIH [S10RR029668, S10RR027303] FX This work was supported by Grants 2011-67013-30062 and 2015-67013-22891 from USDA AFRI to A.G. and V.F. M.Z. is supported by NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology Grant IOS-1402064. G.K.M. was supported by NASA Grant NNX09AK82G. This work used the Vincent J. Coates Genomics Sequencing Laboratory at UC Berkeley, supported by NIH S10 Instrumentation Grants S10RR029668 and S10RR027303. We thank Courtney Castle and Annie Mix for assistance in plant propagation and care. We thank Julin Maloof, Daniel Fulop, and Christine Palmer for guidance on computational analyses of stem movements. NR 66 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 43 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 EI 1532-298X J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD OCT PY 2015 VL 27 IS 10 BP 2800 EP 2813 DI 10.1105/tpc.15.00531 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA DB1UD UT WOS:000368293600016 PM 26410302 ER PT J AU Goodyear, A Kumar, A Ehrhart, EJ Swanson, KS Grusak, MA Leach, JE Dow, SW McClung, A Ryan, EP AF Goodyear, Andrew Kumar, Ajay Ehrhart, E. J. Swanson, Kelly S. Grusak, Michael A. Leach, Jan E. Dow, Steven W. McClung, Anna Ryan, Elizabeth P. TI Dietary rice bran supplementation prevents Salmonella colonization differentially across varieties and by priming intestinal immunity SO JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS LA English DT Article DE Rice bran; Salmonella; Fatty acid; Innate immunity; Regulatory T cells; Minerals ID GLOBAL ENTERIC MULTICENTER; SHIITAKE MUSHROOM MYCELIA; REGULATORY T-CELL; FATTY-ACIDS; ANTIOXIDATIVE ACTIVITIES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; DENDRITIC CELLS; WEANED PIGLETS; LIQUID CULTURE; GAMMA-ORYZANOL AB The global burden of enteric dysfunction and diarrhoeal disease remains a formidable problem that requires novel interventions. This study investigated the immune-modulatory capacity of bran across rice varieties with phytochemical differences. 129SvEvTac mice were fed a 10% rice bran or control diet followed by infection with Salmonella enterica. Faecal shedding titres were quantified and flow cytometry was used to investigate intestinal immunity. The largest protection against Salmonella colonization was observed with IAC600 variety. Reduced faecal shedding correlated with increased levels of boron, soluble fibre, vitamin E isomers, and fatty acids. IAC600 and Red Wells rice bran modulated small intestinal neutrophils, macrophages, interdigitating dendritic cells, CD8(+), gamma delta, and regulatory T cells, as well as CD8(+) and gamma delta T cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Rice bran is a promising functional food and merits evaluation for the prevention of Salmonella colonization and regulation of intestinal immunity in people. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Goodyear, Andrew; Kumar, Ajay; Ryan, Elizabeth P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Goodyear, Andrew] Second Genome, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. [Ehrhart, E. J.; Dow, Steven W.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Swanson, Kelly S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Leach, Jan E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [McClung, Anna] USDA ARS Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Ryan, EP (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM e.p.ryan@colostate.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1015267] FX We would like to thank Dr. Ann Hess for statistical analysis. We would like to acknowledge Drs. John Bauer and Ming-Hsuan Chen for targeted rice bran metabolite analysis and Genevieve Forster and Dustin Brown for technical and editorial assistance. A Phase II Grand Challenges Exploration in Global Health award from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1015267) supported this work. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1756-4646 J9 J FUNCT FOODS JI J. Funct. Food. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 18 BP 653 EP 664 DI 10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.027 PN A PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA DA4GF UT WOS:000367757400061 ER PT J AU Herman, D Afulani, P Coleman-Jensen, A Harrison, GG AF Herman, Dena Afulani, Patience Coleman-Jensen, Alisha Harrison, Gail G. TI Food Insecurity and Cost-Related Medication Underuse Among Nonelderly Adults in a Nationally Representative Sample SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM; UNITED-STATES; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; MENTAL-HEALTH; US ADULTS; NONADHERENCE; DYSLIPIDEMIA; ADOLESCENTS; ADHERENCE; OUTCOMES AB Objectives. We investigated whether nonelderly US adults (aged 18-64 years) in food-insecure households are more likely to report cost-related medication underuse than the food-secure, and whether the relationship between food insecurity and cost-related medication underuse differs by gender, chronic disease, and health insurance status. Methods. We analyzed data from the 2011 and 2012 National Health Interview Survey (n = 67 539). We examined the relationship between food insecurity and cost-related medication underuse with the chi(2) test and multivariate logistic regression with interaction terms. Results. Bivariate and multivariate analyses showed a dose-response relationship between food insecurity and cost-related medication underuse, with an increasing likelihood of cost-related medication underuse with increasing severity of food insecurity (P < .001). This association was conditional on health insurance status, but not substantially different by gender or chronic disease status. Being female, low-income, having no or partial health insurance, chronic conditions, functional limitations, or severe mental illness were positively associated with cost-related medication underuse. Conclusions. Using food insecurity as a risk factor to assess cost-related medication underuse could help increase identification of individuals who may need assistance purchasing medications and improve health for those in food-insecure households. C1 [Herman, Dena] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Family & Consumer Sci, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. [Afulani, Patience; Harrison, Gail G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Coleman-Jensen, Alisha] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Herman, D (reprint author), Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Family & Consumer Sci, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. EM dena.herman@csun.edu OI Afulani, Patience/0000-0002-6739-234X FU US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service [58-4000-3-0009] FX This study was funded in part by the US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, contract 58-4000-3-0009. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD OCT PY 2015 VL 105 IS 10 BP E48 EP E59 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302712 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CZ9UC UT WOS:000367441500015 PM 26270308 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH AF Arthur, Frank H. TI Residual efficacy of pyrethrin plus methoprene for control of Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum in a commercial flour mill SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tribolium castaneum; Tribolium confusum; Aerosols; Control ID COLEOPTERA-TENEBRIONIDAE; SYNERGIZED PYRETHRIN; LIFE STAGES; AEROSOL; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Concrete arenas with and without flour were placed in open, obstructed, and hidden positions inside a commercial flour mill and exposed to a combination treatment of pyrethrin + methoprene. Bioassays were conducted 1, 3, 5, and 7 weeks after the arenas were treated by adding flour to those arenas that were exposed without flour, and then placing late-stage larvae of either Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red flour beetle, or Tribolium confusum Jacqueline DuVal, the confused flour beetle, on an individual arena. There were no differences in adult emergence of either species on any of the exposed arenas in any position for the residual bioassays, indicating no loss of effectiveness of the insecticide. There was less adult emergence of both species on arenas that had contained flour when they were exposed to the aerosol compared to those exposed without flour and then flour added for the bioassay process. Adult emergence of both species was also lower in arenas with flour in the open position compared to those in the hidden And obstructed positions but regardless of exposure position or whether or not the arenas contained flour when they were exposed to the aerosol, adult emergence was greater in T. confusum than in T. castaneum. Results show how species variability and the presence of structural barriers within a facility can affect susceptibility to aerosol insecticides. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Arthur, Frank H.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 64 BP 42 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2015.08.001 PN A PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CZ0FQ UT WOS:000366780900007 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH Hartzer, KL Throne, JE Flinn, PW AF Arthur, F. H. Hartzer, K. L. Throne, J. E. Flinn, P. W. TI Susceptibility of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Trogoderma inclusum (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) to cold temperatures SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tribolium castaneum; Trogoderma inclusum; Cold; Susceptibility ID TIME-MORTALITY RELATIONSHIPS; METHYL PLUS DELTAMETHRIN; LIFE STAGES; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; STORED-PRODUCT; PYRETHRIN AEROSOL; FIELD STRAINS; GRAIN; CONFUSUM; FLOUR AB Studies were conducted by exposing different life stages of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red flour beetle, and Trogoderma inclusum (Leconte), the larger cabinet beetle, for different time intervals to -18 degrees C. Assessments were made of direct mortality to eggs, larvae, and adults, and eventual adult emergence of immatures. Data were described by non-linear equations. The eggs and larvae were the most tolerant life stage of T. castaneum. Eight hours of exposure were required for 100% kill of 3-4-day-old eggs and 0-10- and 11-21-day-old larvae, but only 4, 0.5, and 0.5 h respectively were required to completely inhibit adult emergence. For T. inclusum, the most tolerant life stage was 15-28-day-old larvae; 64 and 16 h respectively were required for complete mortality and inhibition of adult emergence. Results indicate that T. inclusum was the more tolerant species, and specific treatment protocols may be required for different stored product beetle species when using -18 degrees C as a disinfestation strategy. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Arthur, F. H.; Hartzer, K. L.; Flinn, P. W.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Throne, J. E.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 64 BP 45 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2015.07.006 PN A PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CZ0FQ UT WOS:000366780900008 ER PT J AU Throne, JE Eubanks, MW AF Throne, James E. Eubanks, Mary W. TI Resistance of Tripsacorn-introgressed maize lines to Sitophilus zeamais SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Plant breeding; Varietal resistance; Maize weevil; Maize; Stored products ID COLEOPTERA; CURCULIONIDAE; GERMPLASM AB The maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is one of the major pests of maize worldwide. We tested one Tripsacorn-introgressed inbred maize line and 42 hybrid combinations between eleven public inbred lines and 16 different Tripsacorn-introgressed inbreds for resistance to the maize weevil to investigate if there is a genetic basis for resistance to the maize weevil that can be conferred to maize. No progeny were produced in 21 of the entries, and only eight entries had progeny production significantly greater than zero. All the lines that exhibited complete resistance (no progeny produced) are F-1 hybrids between 10 different Tripsacorn-introgressed inbred lines combined with 8 different public maize inbreds. Results indicate that all 16 Tripsacorn-introgressed inbred lines confer resistance in F-1 hybrids. In some of the Tripsacorn-introgressed lines, the degree of resistance expressed varied according to combining ability and heterotic group background. Based on the results, we hypothesize a dominant gene for weevil resistance is inherited from Tripsacorn. The data indicate that Tripsacorn provides a valuable tool for conferring native weevil resistance to maize.. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Throne, James E.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Eubanks, Mary W.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Throne, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM james.throne@ars.usda.gov; eubanks@duke.edu FU National Science Foundation [0711113]; North Carolina Board of Science and Technology FX We thank Ann Redmon for technical assistance. Dr. Eubanks' research was funded by the National Science Foundation Grant No. 0711113 and the North Carolina Board of Science and Technology. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 64 BP 62 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2015.08.006 PN A PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CZ0FQ UT WOS:000366780900010 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH AF Arthur, Frank H. TI Food source effect and residual efficacy of chlorfenapyr as a surface treatment on sealed and unsealed concrete SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Chlorfenapyr; Tribolium castaneum; Surfaces; Control ID CASTANEUM COLEOPTERA-TENEBRIONIDAE; ADULT TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; BETA-CYFLUTHRIN; FLOUR; CONFUSUM; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INSECTICIDE; EXPOSURE; METHOPRENE; PRODUCTS AB Adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red flour beetle, were exposed at 1 day, and 2, 4, and 6 weeks post-treatment on sealed and unsealed concrete arenas treated with chlorfenapyr at rates of 2.8, 6.9, 13.8, 20.6, 27.5 mg active ingredient/m(2). Beetles were held either with or without flour, and assessments were done of the percentage of mobile beetles after 24 Land after 1 wk, and the percentage of beetles knocked down and dead after 1-wk. Although the percentage of adults that were still mobile after 24-hr of exposure increased on sealed and unsealed concrete with increasing post-treatment interval, there were less mobile adults on the arenas without flour compared to those with flour in week 0, but the opposite was true at weeks 2, 4 and 6. At the one week assessments, there were usually more beetles remaining mobile and more beetles knocked down on arenas with flour compared to those without flour, and more dead beetles on arenas without flour compared to those with flour. Sealing did not have a clear beneficial effect. The presence of the flour food source generally decreased efficacy of the insecticide, regardless of concentration. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Arthur, Frank H.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov FU BASF FX I thank B. Barnett for technical assistance. I also thank BASF for providing partial funding for this study. This paper reports the results of research only. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The US Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 64 BP 65 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2015.08.007 PN A PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CZ0FQ UT WOS:000366780900011 ER PT J AU Fontenot, EA Arthur, FH Hartzer, KL AF Fontenot, Emily A. Arthur, Frank H. Hartzer, Kris L. TI Oviposition of Dermestes maculatus DeGeer, the hide beetle, as affected by biological and environmental conditions SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Hide beetle; Dermestes maculatus DeGeer; Oviposition substrates; Food conditioning; Oviposition ID FERTILIZATION SUCCESS; LESSER MEALWORM; POULTRY HOUSES; COLEOPTERA; PHEROMONE; FECUNDITY; PESTS; AGE; TENEBRIONIDAE; EFFICACY AB Experiments were conducted to document the oviposition behaviors and preferences of the female hide beetle, Dermestes maculatus DeGeer, in order to optimize the collection of eggs and neonate larvae for biological assays. Factors evaluated were the type of oviposition substrate, preference for and type of preconditioned diet, sex ratio and light/dark conditions. We determined that synthetic fur was a suitable medium for oviposition and collecting progeny. Fur type and position were not important factors in oviposition preference (average progeny production ranged from 27.9 +/- 6.4 to 42.4 +/- 6.4); however, the use of paper as a cover and no cover treatments were statistically different from the fur treatments and resulted in average progeny productions of 5.2 +/- 1.1 and 3.4 +/- 0.7, respectively. Diet preconditioned by the colony was a statistically significant (P < 0.001) factor for oviposition preference, compared with unconditioned diet, and inhibited oviposition. The type of preconditioning was also an important factor (P = 0.004); we examined four treatments: no conditioning, conditioning by larvae, conditioning by adult males and conditioning by adult females. The mean progeny production for the control (no. conditioning) was 52.9 +/- 13.6, which was not significantly different from the larval conditioning treatment (48.1 +/- 5.9). Both adult conditioned treatments were statistically different for progeny production, adult male (22.3 +/- 2.9) and adult female (8.2 +/- 2.5). In regard to sex ratio affecting progeny production, oviposition was greatest with only one male. Mixed results were obtained in light verses dark conditions and further experiments regarding the effects of day length on oviposition would be useful for optimizing oviposition of D. maculatus. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fontenot, Emily A.; Arthur, Frank H.; Hartzer, Kris L.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Fontenot, EA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM eagnesfontenot@gmail.com; frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov; kris.hartzer@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 64 SI SI BP 154 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2014.11.004 PN B PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CZ0FS UT WOS:000366781100006 ER PT J AU Tucker, AM Campbell, J Arthur, F Zhu, KY AF Tucker, Angela M. Campbell, James Arthur, Frank Zhu, Kun Yan TI Effects of methoprene and synergized pyrethrin aerosol applications on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) populations SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tribolium castaneum; Methoprene; Synergized pyrethrin; Population impact; Aerosol application ID CONFUSUM COLEOPTERA; FOOD; TENEBRIONIDAE; EFFICACY; FUMIGATION; WAREHOUSES AB The occurrence of horizontal transfer of the insect growth regulator (IGR) methoprene on confined populations of Tribolium castarneum (Herbst), either with or without hidden refugia, was determined through a series of experiments. Multiple applications were made with the IGR alone or combined with synergized pyrethrin, and compared to untreated controls which received no insecticide applications or were treated with the carrier Isopar M that was a component of the pyrethrin formulation. The total number of living beetles from test colonies inoculated with adults that were treated with Isopar M or with no adults (control) was significantly greater than those colonies that were inoculated with adults treated with either synergized pyrethrin or methoprene (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the number of living individual in the larval, pupal, and adult stages and the instantaneous rate of increase (r(i)) in established populations treated with methoprene and containing a hidden refugia compared to those which received the pyrethrin applications (P >= 0.05). Sanitation levels of two different flour quantities nested inside the treatment groups also had no effects (P >= 0.05), suggesting that populations in hidden refugia can persist even with multiple applications of methoprene and synergized pyrethrin. Populations with an accessible hidden refugia that were exposed to synergized pyrethrin and methoprene had a lower number of living adult and a lower r(i) value than populations that were exposed to synergized pyrethrin alone (P < 0.001). Additionally, populations which received one, two, or three aerosol applications had similar numbers of living adults and r(i) but were significantly different from populations which received four aerosol applications. Results suggest multiple applications of methoprene and synergized pyrethrin could be more effective than synergized pyrethrin alone for control of T. castaneum. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Tucker, Angela M.; Zhu, Kun Yan] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Campbell, James; Arthur, Frank] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Arthur, F (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Methyl Bromide Transitions program [2010-51102-21660] FX We thank Douglas Van Gundy of Central Life Sciences for supplying methoprene and Robert Drudge of Entech Systems for supplying the Isopar M and Entech Fog-10. We thank Casey Persson, Rich Hammel, Brian Barnett, Dylan Robinson, Konner Cool, and Ken Friessen for technical support; and Dr. Leigh Murray for statistical advice. We also thank Dr. Bhadriraju Subramanyam, Dr. Susan Brown, and Dr. David Margolies for comments on earlier drafts. Research was partially funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Methyl Bromide Transitions program (grant number 2010-51102-21660). This is KAES contribution No. 14-369-J. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture or Kansas State University. USDA and Kansas State University are equal opportunity providers and employers. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 64 SI SI BP 168 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2014.09.007 PN B PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CZ0FS UT WOS:000366781100008 ER PT J AU Dao, TH AF Dao, Thanh H. TI Review of Phosphate in Soils: Interaction with Micronutrients, Radionuclides, and Heavy Metals SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Dao, Thanh H.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dao, TH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, BARC East,Bldg 308-114, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM thanh.dao@ars.usda.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 14 IS 10 DI 10.2136/vzj2015.01.0000br PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA CZ6QH UT WOS:000367225300001 ER PT J AU Goeijenbier, M Gasem, MH Meijers, JCM Hartskeerl, RA Ahmed, A Goris, MGA Isbandrio, B Schuller, SS Osterhaus, ADME Martina, BEE van Gorp, ECM Nally, JE Wagenaar, JFP AF Goeijenbier, Marco Gasem, M. Hussein Meijers, Joost C. M. Hartskeerl, Rudy A. Ahmed, Ahmed Goris, Marga G. A. Isbandrio, Bambang Schuller, Simone S. Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E. Martina, Byron E. E. van Gorp, Eric C. M. Nally, Jarlath E. Wagenaar, Jiri F. P. TI Markers of endothelial cell activation and immune activation are increased in patients with severe leptospirosis and associated with disease severity SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Endothelial cell; Leptospirosis; E-selectin; Von Willebrand factor; sFas ligand; sIL-2 receptor ID E-SELECTIN; COAGULATION DISORDERS; PATHOGENESIS; APOPTOSIS; HUMANS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CYTOKINES; ENDOTOXIN; SEPSIS AB Objectives: Previous studies concluded that haemorrhage is one of the most accurate prognostic factors of mortality in leptospirosis. Therefore, endothelial cell activation was investigated in relation to disease severity in severe leptospirosis. Methods: Prospective cohort study of severe leptospirosis patients. Plasma levels of sE-selectin and Von Willebrand factor (VWF) were determined. Consequently, an in vitro endothelial cell model was used to assess endothelial activation after exposure to virulent Leptospira. Finally, immune activation, as a potential contributing factor to endothelial cell activation, was determined by soluble IL2-receptor (sIL-2r) and soluble Fas-ligand (sFasL) levels. Results: Plasma levels of sE-selectin and VWF strongly increased in patients compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, sE-selectin was significantly elevated (203 ng/ml vs. 157 ng/ml, p < 0.05) in survivors compared to non-survivors. Endothelial cells exposed to virulent Leptospira showed increased VWF expression. E-selectin and ICAM-1 expression did not change. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of intracellular Leptospira and qPCR suggested replication. In vivo analysis showed that increased levels of sFasL and sIL-2r were both strongly associated with mortality. Furthermore sIL-2r levels were increased in patients that developed bleeding and significantly correlated to duration of hospital stay. Discussion: Markers of endothelial activation and immune activation were associated with disease severity in leptospirosis patients. (C) 2015 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Goeijenbier, Marco; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.; Martina, Byron E. E.; van Gorp, Eric C. M.; Wagenaar, Jiri F. P.] Erasmus MC, Dept Virosci, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Gasem, M. Hussein] Diponegoro Univ, Fac Med, Dr Kariadi Hosp, Dept Med, Semarang, Indonesia. [Meijers, Joost C. M.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Expt Vasc Med, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Meijers, Joost C. M.] Sanquin Res, Dept Plasma Prot, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Hartskeerl, Rudy A.; Ahmed, Ahmed; Goris, Marga G. A.; Wagenaar, Jiri F. P.] KIT Biomed Res, WHO FAO OIE, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Hartskeerl, Rudy A.; Ahmed, Ahmed; Goris, Marga G. A.; Wagenaar, Jiri F. P.] KIT Biomed Res, Natl Leptospirosis Reference Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Gasem, M. Hussein; Isbandrio, Bambang] Dr Kariadi Hosp, Natl Reference Lab Leptospirosis, Semarang, Indonesia. [Schuller, Simone S.] Univ Bern, Vetsuisse Fac, Bern, Switzerland. [Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.; Martina, Byron E. E.] ARTEMIS One Hlth Res Inst, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Nally, Jarlath E.] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Goeijenbier, M (reprint author), POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM m.goeijenbier@erasmusmc.nl NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0163-4453 EI 1532-2742 J9 J INFECTION JI J. Infect. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 71 IS 4 BP 437 EP 446 DI 10.1016/j.jinf.2015.05.016 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA CZ1XT UT WOS:000366899900004 PM 26048204 ER PT J AU Chen, JQ Xu, JY Jensen, R Kabrick, J AF Chen, Jiquan Xu, Jianye Jensen, Randy Kabrick, John TI Changes in aboveground biomass following alternative harvesting in oak-hickory forests in the eastern USA SO IFOREST-BIOGEOSCIENCES AND FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Aboveground Biomass; MOFEP; Oak-hickory Forest; Forest Management; Alternative Harvest; Carbon ID HARDWOOD-CONIFER FORESTS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; CARBON STOCKS; ECOSYSTEM; MORTALITY; PATTERNS; TREES AB Managing forest lands for the sustainability of ecosystem functions and services by developing and implementing sound silvicultural methods through site-specific practices is a core concept in ecosystem management. In this study, we used long-term data collected at the extensive plots of the Missouri Forest Ecosystem Project (MOFEP) in the southeastern Missouri Ozarks (USA) to study the changes in aboveground biomass (AGB) under three silvicultural treatments: even-aged management sites (EAM), uneven-aged management sites (UAM), and non-harvested management sites (NHM). Treatments changed the magnitude of AGB dynamics. The forests maintained an AGB of 147.9 Mg ha(-1) in 1990 and it increased to 175.6 Mg ha(-1) by 2009. The forests were manipulated with four treatments: clear-cut, non-harvest, uneven-aged single-tree, and uneven-aged group selection and yielded AGB values of 30.7, 139.5, 125.7, and 148.7 Mg ha(-1) of AGB in 2009, respectively. Over the 18-year study period, these forests accumulated 1.78 +/- 0.26 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1), ranging from 1.60 to 1.94 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) at the NHM plots. Changes in the net AGB growth rate were contributed by different growth rates of live trees and mortality and exhibited clear intra-annual variation during the five sampling periods. We observed a decreasing contribution of Quercus velutina (black oak) AGB (similar to 6%), an increasing trend for Q. alba (white oak), and a stable change for Q. coccinea (scarlet oak) during the study period. C1 [Chen, Jiquan] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Appl Meteorol, Int Ctr Ecol Meteorol & Environm IceMe, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jiquan; Xu, Jianye] Michigan State Univ, CGCEO Geog, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Jensen, Randy] Missouri Dept Conservat, Ellington, MO 63638 USA. [Kabrick, John] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Chen, JQ (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Appl Meteorol, Int Ctr Ecol Meteorol & Environm IceMe, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jiquan.eco@gmail.com FU Missouri Department of Conservation; IceMe of NUIST FX This study was partially supported by the Missouri Department of Conservation and the IceMe of NUIST. Lisa Delp Taylor edited the earlier drafts of the manuscript. Yanling Wang helped constructing the references. JC designed the overall experiment of this study and developed the final manuscript, JX compiled the survey data, drafted the first manuscript, and performed initial analysis, RJ collected all of the field data and provided detailed information on survey plots, and JK helped to integrate manuscript description. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU SISEF-SOC ITALIANA SELVICOLTURA ECOL FORESTALE PI POTENZA PA DEPT PROD VEGETALE, VIA ATENEO LUCANO 10, POTENZA, 85100, ITALY SN 1971-7458 J9 IFOREST JI iForest PD OCT PY 2015 VL 8 BP 652 EP 660 DI 10.3832/ifor1349-007 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CY4VX UT WOS:000366408100001 ER PT J AU Dunlap, CA Kwon, SW Rooney, AP Kim, SJ AF Dunlap, Christopher A. Kwon, Soon-Wo Rooney, Alejandro P. Kim, Soo-Jin TI Bacillus paralicheniformis sp nov., isolated from fermented soybean paste SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LICHENIFORMIS STRAINS; CHEONGGUKJANG; GENETICS; NUMBER; DNA AB An isolate of a Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacterium was recovered from soybean-based fermented paste. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that the strain was most closely related to Bacillus sonorensis KCTC-13918(T) (99.5 % similarity) and Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13(T) (99.4 %). In phenotypic characterization, the novel strain was found to grow at 15-60 degrees C and to tolerate up to 10 % (w/v) NaCl. Furthermore, the strain grew in media with pH 6-11 (optimal growth at pH 7.0-8.0). The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C-15:0 (37.7 %) and iso-C-15:0 (31.5 %). The predominant isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. A draft genome sequence of the strain was completed and used for phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenomic analysis of all published genomes of species in the B. licheniformis group revealed that strains belonging to B. licheniformis clustered into two distinct groups, with group 1 consisting of B. licheniformis DSM 13(T) and 11 other strains and group 2 consisting of KJ-16(T) and four other strains. The DNA G+C content of strain KJ-16(T) was 45.9 % (determined from the genome sequence). Strain KJ-16(T) and another strain from group 2 were subsequently characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach and compared with strains from group 1 and another closely related species of the genus Bacillus. Based upon the consensus of phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses, we conclude that this strain represents a novel species within the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus paralicheniformis sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain KJ-16(T) (=KACC 18426(T)=NRRL B-65293(T)). C1 [Dunlap, Christopher A.; Rooney, Alejandro P.; Kim, Soo-Jin] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kwon, Soon-Wo; Kim, Soo-Jin] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Rural Dev Adm, Agr Microbiol Div, Korean Agr Culture Collect, Wanju Gun, Jeollabuk Do, South Korea. RP Kim, SJ (reprint author), ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM sinhye@korea.kr FU Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ011248] FX This study was supported by the Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea (project no. PJ011248). The authors would like to thank Heather Walker for expert technical assistance. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the USDA over other firms or similar products not mentioned. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 65 BP 3487 EP 3492 DI 10.1099/ijsem.0.000441 PN 10 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CY1FM UT WOS:000366152100040 PM 26296568 ER PT J AU Dunlap, CA AF Dunlap, Christopher A. TI Phylogenomic analysis shows that 'Bacillus vanillea' is a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus siamensis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA-DNA HYBRIDIZATION; GENOME SEQUENCE; NOV. AB 'Bacillus vanillea' XY18 (=CGMCC 8629=NCCB 100507) was isolated from cured vanilla beans and involved in the formation of vanilla aroma compounds. A draft genome of this strain was assembled and yielded a length of 3.71 Mbp with a DNA G+C content of 46.3 mol%. Comparative genomic analysis with its nearest relatives showed only minor differences between this strain and the genome of the Bacillus siamensis KCTC 13613(T) (=BCC 22614(T)=KACC 16244(T)), with a calculated DNA DNA hybridization (DDH) value of 91.2 % and an average nucleotide identity (ANI) of 98.9 %. This DDH value is well above the recommended 70 % threshold for species delineation, as well as the ANI threshold of 95 %. In addition, the results of morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses indicate that the type strains of these two taxa are highly similar with phenotype coherence. A core genome multi-locus sequencing analysis was conducted for the strains and the results show that 'Bacillus vanillea' XY18 clusters closely to the type strain of Bacillus siamensis. Therefore, it is proposed that the species 'Bacillus vanillea' XY18 (=CGMCC 8629=NCCB 100507) should be reclassified as a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus siamensis KCTC 13613(T) (=BCC 22614(T)=KACC 16244(T)). An emended description of Bacillus siamensis is provided. C1 [Dunlap, Christopher A.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Units, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Dunlap, CA (reprint author), ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Units, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM christopher.dunlap@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 65 BP 3507 EP 3510 DI 10.1099/ijsem.0.000444 PN 10 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CY1FM UT WOS:000366152100043 PM 26296875 ER PT J AU Kim, SJ Dunlap, CA Kwon, SW Rooney, AP AF Kim, Soo-Jin Dunlap, Christopher A. Kwon, Soon-Wo Rooney, Alejandro P. TI Bacillus glycinifermentans sp nov., isolated from fermented soybean paste SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA AB Two independent isolates of a Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium were recovered from cheonggukjang, a Korean fermented soybean paste food product. Preliminary sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that these strains were related most closely to Bacillus sonorensis KCTC-13918(T) and Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13(T). In phenotypic characterization, the novel strains were found to grow between 15 and 55 degrees C and to tolerate up to 8010 (w/v) NaCl. Furthermore, the strains grew in media of pH 5-10 (optimal growth at pH 7.0). The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C-15:0 and iso-C-15:0.The isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an unknown glycolipid. Draft genomes of the two strains were determined and in silico DNA-DNA hybridizations with their nearest neighbour (B. sonorensis KCTC-13918(T)) revealed 29.9% relatedness for both strains. Phylogenomic analysis of the genomes was conducted with the core genome (799 genes) of all strains in the Bacillus subtilis group and the two strains formed a distinct monophyletic cluster. In addition, the strains differed from the two most closely related species in that they did not metabolize maltose, D-galactose, D-sorbitol or D-gluconic acid. The DNA G+C content was 45.9 mol%. Based upon the consensus of phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses, these strains represent a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus glycinifermentans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GO-13(T) (=KACC 18425(T)=NRRL B-65291(T)). C1 [Kim, Soo-Jin; Dunlap, Christopher A.; Rooney, Alejandro P.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Units, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kim, Soo-Jin; Kwon, Soon-Wo] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Rural Dev Adm, Agr Microbiol Div, Korean Agr Culture Collect, Wanju Gun, Jeollabuk Do, South Korea. RP Dunlap, CA (reprint author), ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Units, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM christopher.dunlap@ars.usda.gov FU 'Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development' of the National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ011248] FX This study was supported by 'Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ011248)' of the National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. We thank Heather Walker for expert technical assistance. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). The mention of company names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the USDA over other companies or similar products not mentioned. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 65 BP 3586 EP 3590 DI 10.1099/ijsem.0.000462 PN 10 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CY1FM UT WOS:000366152100057 PM 26297378 ER PT J AU Carvalho, GMC Paiva, SR Araujo, AM Mariante, A Blackburn, HD AF Carvalho, G. M. C. Paiva, S. R. Araujo, A. M. Mariante, A. Blackburn, H. D. TI Genetic structure of goat breeds from Brazil and the United States: Implications for conservation and breeding programs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE breeding strategies; Capra hircus; conservation genetics; genetic diversity; goat ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; DIVERSITY; SHEEP; DIFFERENTIATION; INDIVIDUALS; CATTLE; BOER; US AB The objective of this study was to assess genetic diversity among 5 Brazilian (155 animals) and 5 U.S. goat (120 animals) breeds using 23 microsatellite markers. Samples from the United States represented a broad geographic distribution whereas Brazilian samples were from the northeast region. Samples from Boer were common to each country's breed count. Expected and observed heterozygosity among breeds ranged from 0.55 to 0.72, suggesting ample genetic diversity in the breeds evaluated. United States Angora, U.S. Spanish, and Brazilian Nambi ranked highest for allelic richness, averaging 6.1, 7.1, and 6.5 alleles per locus, respectively. Angora and Spanish also ranked highest in private alleles (7 and 9, respectively). Using STRUCTURE, the U.S. Spanish were also found to share a common cluster assignment with Brazilian Nambi, suggesting that progenitor breeds may have been the same and passed through the Canary Islands or Cape Verde in route to the New World. When non-Boer breeds were pooled by country, the effect of the subpopulation compared with total population (F-st) = 0.05, suggesting minor genetic differences exist between countries. The lack of genetic structure among goat breeds when compared with other species (e.g., Bos taurus vs. Bos indicus) suggests goat breeds may exhibit a plasticity that facilitates productivity across a wide range of countries and environments. Taken a step further, the concept of breed for meat goats may not be as relevant for goat production. C1 [Carvalho, G. M. C.; Araujo, A. M.] Embrapa Meio Norte, BR-64006220 Teresina, PI, Brazil. [Paiva, S. R.] Embrapa Sede Secretaria Relacoes Int, BR-70770901 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Mariante, A.] Embrapa Recursos Genet & Biotecnol, BR-70770917 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Blackburn, H. D.] USDA, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Blackburn, HD (reprint author), USDA, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM harvey.blackburn@ars.usda.gov FU EMBRAPA Labex-USA; USDA/ARS FX Mention of a trade name or proprietary product does not constitute a guaranty or warranty by the USDA and does not imply approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Northern Plains Area, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. All agency services are available without discrimination. The authors are thankfully to the breeders associations and private breeders in Brazil and in the United States for providing blood samples to be analyzed. The conclusion of this project was possible due to the partnership among EMBRAPA and National Animal Germplasm Program - ARS/USDA. This work was funded by EMBRAPA Labex-USA and USDA/ARS. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 93 IS 10 BP 4629 EP 4636 DI 10.2527/jas.2015-8974 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA CY3RA UT WOS:000366326100005 PM 26523555 ER PT J AU Agarwal, U Hu, Q Bequette, BJ AF Agarwal, U. Hu, Q. Bequette, B. J. TI Propionate supplementation improves nitrogen use by reducing urea flux in sheep SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gluconeogenesis; nitrogen; propionate; ruminant; urea; volatile fatty acids ID VOLATILE FATTY-ACIDS; PORTAL-DRAINED VISCERA; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; AMINO-ACIDS; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; GROWING SHEEP; BEEF STEERS; METABOLISM; DIET; KINETICS AB Feeding and postruminal infusion of propionate is known to increase N retention in ruminants. Our aim was to determine the role of rumen propionate on urea N recycling and gluconeogenesis in growing sheep. In Exp. 1, wether sheep (n = 6; 32.5 +/- 3.57 kg BW) fitted with a rumen cannula were fed to 1.8 x ME requirement a concentrate-type ration (172 g CP/kg DM and 10.4 MJ ME/kg DM) and continuously infused into the rumen with isoenergetic (10% of dietary ME intake) solutions of either sodium acetate (control) or sodium propionate for 9-d periods in a crossover design. In Exp. 2, a different group of wether sheep (n = 5; 33.6 +/- 3.70 kg BW) fitted with a rumen cannula were fed, on an isonitrogenous basis, either a control (151 g CP/kg DM and 8.4 MJ ME/kg DM) or sodium propionate-supplemented (139 g CP/kg DM and 8.9 MJ ME/kg DM) diet at 2-h intervals. [N-15(2)] urea was continuously infused intravenously for the last 5 d of each period, and total urine was collected by vacuum and feces were collected by a harness bag. Over the last 12 h, [C-13(6)] glucose was continuously infused intravenously and hourly blood samples were collected during the last 5 h. Propionate treatments increased (P < 0.001) the proportion of rumen propionate in both experiments. In Exp. 1, N retention was not affected by propionate infusion as compared with isoenergetic acetate. There was no effect on urea entry (synthesis) rate (UER) in Exp. 1; however, sodium propionate infusion tended (P < 0.1) to increase urinary urea elimination (UUE). In Exp. 2, feeding propionate increased (P < 0.01) N retention by 0.8 g N/d. In addition, UER was reduced by approximately 2 g urea N/d, leading to a reduction (P < 0.05) in UUE (7.0 vs. 6.2 g urea N/d). Between the 2 experiments, the proportion of UER recycled to the gut was greater with the forage-type diet in Exp. 2 (approximately 60%) compared with the concentrate-type diet in Exp. 1 (approximately 40%), although urea N fluxes across the gut remained unchanged in both experiments. In Exp. 1, glucose entry and gluconeogenesis were greater (P < 0.05) and plasma glucose tended (P < 0.1) to be greater with sodium propionate infusion than with sodium acetate infusion, but there was no difference in Cori cycling. In Exp. 2, glucose entry, gluconeogenesis, Cori cycling, and plasma glucose increased (P < 0.05) with dietary propionate. Our studies indicate that propionate inclusion in feed, but not continuous infusion in to the rumen, improves N utilization in growing sheep. The propionate effect is likely mediated by providing additional precursors for gluconeogenesis. C1 [Agarwal, U.; Hu, Q.; Bequette, B. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Agarwal, U (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77047 USA. EM umang.agarwal@bcm.edu FU Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station FX Funded by a grant from the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 93 IS 10 BP 4883 EP 4890 DI 10.2527/jas.2015-9226 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA CY3RA UT WOS:000366326100031 PM 26523581 ER PT J AU Hales, KE Jaderborg, JP Crawford, GI DiCostanzo, A Spiehs, MJ Brown-Brandl, TM Freetly, HC AF Hales, K. E. Jaderborg, J. P. Crawford, G. I. DiCostanzo, A. Spiehs, M. J. Brown-Brandl, T. M. Freetly, H. C. TI Effects of dry-rolled or high-moisture corn with twenty-five or forty-five percent wet distillers' grains with solubles on energy metabolism, nutrient digestibility, and macromineral balance in finishing beef steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; distillers' grains; energy metabolism; grain processing ID DIETARY-PROTEIN CONCENTRATIONS; CARBON-NITROGEN BALANCE; STEAM-FLAKED CORN; METHANE EMISSIONS; FEEDLOT CATTLE; INCLUSION; RETENTION AB The effects of feeding a dry-rolled corn-based diet (DRCB) or a combination of a high-moisture corn-based diet (HMCB) with dry-rolled corn (DRC; 2:1 ratio of high-moisture corn [HMC] and DRC) with 25 and 45% wet distillers' grains with solubles (WDGS) on energy metabolism and nutrient and mineral balance were evaluated in 8 finishing steers using a replicated Latin square design. The model included the fixed effects of dietary treatment, the WDGS x diet type interaction, and period and the random effects of square and steer within square were also included. Treatments consisted of a DRCB with 25% WDGS, a DRCB with 45% WDGS, a combination of HMCB and DRC with 25% WDGS, and a combination of HMCB and DRC with 45% WDGS. Cattle consuming DRCB consumed a greater amount of DM (P < 0.01) and GE intake was also greater when feeding DRCB with 25% WDGS than when feeding DRCB with 45% WDGS (P < 0.01). As a proportion of GE intake, cattle consuming HMCB had a greater fecal energy loss (P = 0.01). Digestible energy loss as a proportion of GE intake was greater when cattle were fed DRCB than when cattle were fed HMCB (P = 0.01) and when WDGS was included at 45% of DM (P = 0.05). As a proportion of GE intake, cattle consuming DRCB and 25% WDGS respired a greater amount of methane (Mcal) than cattle consuming 45% WDGS. As a proportion of GE intake, ME was greater in DRCB than in HMCB (P = 0.01). Within HMCB, 45% WDGS had more megacalories of retained energy than 25% WDGS. Nitrogen excretion (g) was greater in the urine (P < 0.01) and feces (P < 0.05) when 45% WDGS was included. As a proportion of N intake, total N retained was greater when a greater amount of WDGS was included in the diet (P = 0.05). Digestibility was greater in DRCB than in HMCB (P = 0.02). Starch intake, excretion, and digestibility as a proportion of intake were greater in DRCB than in HMCB (P < 0.01) and when WDGS was included at 25% than when WDGS was included at 45% of the diet (P < 0.01). Intake of ether extract was greater in HMCB when 45% WDGS was included (P < 0.01), and fecal excretion was greater in diets including 25% WDGS than in diets including 45% WDGS (P = 0.02). Sulfur intake was greater as the inclusion of WDGS increased from 25 to 45% (P < 0.01). We interpret that if the basal concentrate portion of the diet is based on HMC, adding an increased amount of WDGS can improve retained energy, and within DRCB, more energy is retained as fat and carbohydrate when cattle were fed 25% WDGS. C1 [Hales, K. E.; Spiehs, M. J.; Brown-Brandl, T. M.; Freetly, H. C.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Jaderborg, J. P.; Crawford, G. I.; DiCostanzo, A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Anim Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Hales, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Kristin.Hales@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 93 IS 10 BP 4995 EP 5005 DI 10.2527/jas.2015-9301 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA CY3RA UT WOS:000366326100042 PM 26523592 ER PT J AU Steketee, AK Wood, PB Gregg, ID AF Steketee, Ann K. Wood, Petra Bohall Gregg, Ian D. TI American Woodcock Habitat Changes in Canaan Valley and Environs SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Canaan Valley contains important habitat for Scolopax minor (American Woodcock) in the mid-Atlantic states, especially in West Virginia. Throughout the eastern United States, however, this species has experienced significant population declines since the US Fish and Wildlife Service began monitoring its populations in 1968. Losses of early successional habitats through urbanization and forest-stand maturation have been identified as probable causes for the decrease in population. During 1995-1997, we sampled American Woodcock presence and measured microhabitat and landscape characteristics in a variety of early successional habitats on plots located in and around Canaan Valley. Habitat characteristics related to soil moisture differentiated sites in and outside of Canaan Valley. Sites used by American Woodcock in Canaan Valley generally occurred in or near shrubby wetlands. To identify long-term changes in quality and quantity of American Woodcock habitat, we also compared current availability of appropriate habitat to similar data collected by researchers in the 1970s. We found that almost all of the sites in Canaan Valley that were originally classified as exceptional were still good American Woodcock habitat. Land development and succession, however, have reduced the quality of habitat. Active management and protection are needed, particularly because Canaan Valley is the only place in West Virginia that consistently offers exceptional American Woodcock habitat. C1 [Steketee, Ann K.] West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Steketee, Ann K.; Gregg, Ian D.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Wood, Petra Bohall] US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Wood, Petra Bohall] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Steketee, AK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 180 Canfield St, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM asteketee@fs.fed.us NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 14 SI 7 BP 331 EP 343 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX3JH UT WOS:000365594500025 ER PT J AU Adams, MB Kochenderfer, JN AF Adams, Mary Beth Kochenderfer, James N. TI The Fernow Experimental Forest and Canaan Valley: A History of Research SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS; NORTHERN FLYING SQUIRREL; USA AB The Fernow Experimental Forest (herein called the Fernow) in Tucker County, WV, was set aside in 1934 for "experimental and demonstration purposes under the direction of the Appalachian Forest Experiment Station" of the US Forest Service. Named after a famous German forester, Bernhard Fernow, the Fernow was initially developed with considerable assistance from the Civilian Conservation Corps. Shut down temporarily during World War II, the Fernow was reopened in 1948 as an outdoor laboratory and classroom with the purpose of conducting research that would be useful to the forest landowners and managers throughout the Central Appalachians. Early research focused on the silvicultural management of high-value hardwoods and the effects of various forest management schemes on water quantity and quality. Over time, additional research projects in wildlife, soil science, ecology, air quality, and other environmental topics were included. Today, the Fernow is involved in long-term silvicultural and hydrological research, as well as shorter-term, more topical research projects on the effects of air pollution on wilderness areas, developing management guidelines for threatened and endangered wildlife species, the uses of prescribed fire for managing hardwood stands, and the restoration of the Red Spruce-northern hardwood ecosystem. We include examples of the Fernow's significant findings and conclusions over the years, as well as anecdotes of contributions to West Virginia's quality of life. C1 [Adams, Mary Beth; Kochenderfer, James N.] US Forest Serv, Fernow Expt Forest, USDA, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Adams, MB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Fernow Expt Forest, USDA, POB 404, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. EM mbadams@fs.fed.us NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 14 SI 7 BP 433 EP 440 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX3JH UT WOS:000365594500033 ER PT J AU Perez-Almodovar, D Goenaga, R AF Perez-Almodovar, Delvis Goenaga, Ricardo TI INFLUENCE OF ALUMINIUM ON GROWTH, MINERAL NUTRITION AND ORGANIC ACID EXUDATION OF RAMBUTAN (Nephelium lappaceum) SO EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID LEAF ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS; DRY-MATTER PRODUCTION; ROOT-GROWTH; NUTRIENT SOLUTION; TOLERANCE; MECHANISMS; RESISTANCE; PHOSPHORUS; CULTIVARS; TOXICITY AB A randomized complete block design experiment with six aluminium (Al) concentrations was carried out to evaluate the effect of Al on nutrient content, plant growth, dry matter production and Al-induced organic acid exudation in rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum). One rambutan cultivar was grown in nutrient solution at pH 4.0 with (1.0, 2.3, 4.1, 6.7 and 10.2 mM Al) and without Al. The results of this study confirms that this crop is highly tolerant to Al in the rhizosphere as evidenced by: (1) a root tolerance index (RTI) of 0.85 when plant roots are exposed to Al concentrations as high as 3.5 mM; (2) root tissue Al concentrations as high as 6800 mg g(-1) and the plants survived; (3) number of leaves, plant height and stem diameter being little affected when plants were grown at an Al concentration in the soil solution as high as 3.5 mM; (4) although plants exhibited leaf abscission, they were able to tolerate Al concentrations in the nutrient solution as high as 10.2 mM during the experimental period. No evidence of organic acid exudation was found in this study. Accumulation of Al in leaves, stems and roots suggests the existence of an Al-sequestration mechanism in rambutan which may involve an Al-ligand complex which translocates from roots to shoots, where it may accumulate in leaf vacuoles. C1 [Perez-Almodovar, Delvis; Goenaga, Ricardo] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR USA. RP Goenaga, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 PA Campos Ave,Ste 201, Mayaguez, PR USA. EM ricardo.goenaga@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 10 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0014-4797 EI 1469-4441 J9 EXP AGR JI Exp. Agric. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 51 IS 4 BP 582 EP 593 DI 10.1017/S0014479714000489 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CX2ID UT WOS:000365519500006 ER PT J AU Puangbut, D Jogloy, S Vorasoot, N Holbrook, CC Patanothai, A AF Puangbut, D. Jogloy, S. Vorasoot, N. Holbrook, C. C. Patanothai, A. TI Responses of inulin content and inulin yield of Jerusalem artichoke to seasonal environments SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Sunchoke; Growing season; Temperature; Photoperiod; Tuber yield; Fructan ID HELIANTHUS-TUBEROSUS L.; GENOTYPIC VARIABILITY; STORAGE; GROWTH; MICROBIOTA; GERMPLASM AB Seasonal variation (e.g. temperature and photoperiod) between growing seasons might affect inulin content and inulin yield of Jerusalem artichoke. However, there is limited information on genotypic response to seasons for inulin content and inulin yield. The objective of this study was to investigate the variability in genotypic response to seasons for inulin content and inulin yield of Jerusalem artichoke. Field experiments were conducted during the early-rainy season from June to September 2011 and the post-rainy season from September to December in 2011 and these 2 seasons were repeated in 2012 at the Field Crop Research Station of Khon Kaen University. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 5 replications was used. Four Jerusalem artichoke genotypes were studied during both seasons in each year. Data were recorded for brix value, inulin content, tuber yield, inulin yield, biomass and harvest index at harvest. The results revealed that seasonal variations had significant effects on inulin content, inulin yield, tuber yield, biomass and harvest index but not on brix value. The results indicated that growing Jerusalem artichoke in the early-rainy season with high temperature and long photoperiod resulted in greater inulin content and biomass. In contrast, growing Jerusalem artichoke in the post-rainy season with low temperature and short photoperiod resulted in greater tuber yield and inulin yield. The present study revealed that temperature and photoperiod were important for producing tuber yield and inulin yield. This information can be used to select the appropriate growing seasons for sustainable production of inulin content, inulin yield and tuber yield of Jerusalem artichoke in Thailand. C1 [Puangbut, D.; Jogloy, S.; Vorasoot, N.; Patanothai, A.] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen, Thailand. [Jogloy, S.] Khon Kaen Univ, Peanut & Jerusalem Artichoke Improvement Funct Fo, Khon Kaen, Thailand. [Holbrook, C. C.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jogloy, S (reprint author), Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen, Thailand. EM sjogloy@gmail.com FU Higher Education Research Promotion; Peanut and Jerusalem artichoke Improvement for Functional Food Research Group and Plant Breeding Research Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Khon Kaen University; Thailand Research Fund [IRG 578003]; Thailand Research Fund; Khon Kaen University and Faculty of Agriculture, KKU; National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission, through the Food and Functional Food Research Cluster of Khon Kaen University FX This work was supported by the Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission, through the Food and Functional Food Research Cluster of Khon Kaen University. We also thank the Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Germany, the Plant Gene Resource of Canada for the contribution of Jerusalem artichoke germplasm. Grateful acknowledgments are made to the Peanut and Jerusalem artichoke Improvement for Functional Food Research Group and Plant Breeding Research Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Khon Kaen University and to the Thailand Research Fund for providing financial supports to this research through the Senior Research Scholar Project of Professor Dr. Sanun Jogloy. Acknowledgement is extended to the Thailand Research Fund (IRG 578003), Khon Kaen University and Faculty of Agriculture, KKU for providing financial support for manuscript preparation activities. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU GORGAN UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & NATURAL RESOURCES PI GORGAN PA GORGAN UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & NATURAL RESOURCES, JOURNAL OFFICE, VICE-PRESIDENCY RESEARCH, GORGAN, 49138-15739, IRAN SN 1735-6814 EI 1735-8043 J9 INT J PLANT PROD JI Int. J. Plant Prod. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 9 IS 4 BP 599 EP 608 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CX4BW UT WOS:000365644200006 ER PT J AU Flessner, ML McElroy, JS McCurdy, JD Toombs, JM Wehtje, GR Burmester, CH Price, AJ Ducar, JT AF Flessner, Michael L. McElroy, J. Scott McCurdy, James D. Toombs, Jordan M. Wehtje, Glenn R. Burmester, Charles H. Price, Andrew J. Ducar, Joyce T. TI Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) Control with Dicamba in Alabama SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GR horseweed; dicamba; herbicide resistance ID COTTON GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM; NO-TILL COTTON; L. CRONQ.; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; SEED PRODUCTION; WEED-CONTROL; POPULATIONS; GROWTH; TRANSLOCATION; POSTEMERGENCE AB The development and spread of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed has increased the use of dicamba as an alternative herbicide treatment. Research evaluated suspected glyphosate-resistant horseweed populations from DeKalb (GR-1) and Cherokee (GR-2) counties, Alabama, for response to glyphosate, dicamba, and glyphosate + dicamba. Populations used for resistance determination were tested at rosette and bolt growth stages. Glyphosate resistance evaluation treatments ranged from 0 to 36.0 kg ae ha(-1). Data confirmed that GR-1 and GR-2 horseweed populations were 3.0 to 38 times more resistant to glyphosate than the susceptible population, according to population, data type, and growth stage at treatment. GR-1 and GR-2 populations were further evaluated for response to dicamba. Dicamba was applied at 0 to 1.12 kg ai ha(-1), both with and without the addition of glyphosate at 1.12 kg ae ha(-1). All populations had similar tolerance to dicamba, with the exception of GR-2 treated at the rosette growth stage, which had similar to 2-fold greater tolerance. When glyphosate was tank-mixed with dicamba, the response of GR populations was similar to that of dicamba alone. Therefore, any potential resistance-management benefit of tank-mixing dicamba with glyphosate may be negated when one is attempting to control GR horseweed. Conversely, adding glyphosate to dicamba drastically enhanced control of the susceptible population at both growth stages. C1 [Flessner, Michael L.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [McElroy, J. Scott; Toombs, Jordan M.; Wehtje, Glenn R.; Burmester, Charles H.; Ducar, Joyce T.] Auburn Univ, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [McCurdy, James D.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Price, Andrew J.] Auburn Univ, ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP McElroy, JS (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, 201 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM jsm0010@auburn.edu FU Alabama Cotton Commission FX The authors are grateful to Alabama Cotton Commission for funding of this research. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 13 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X EI 1550-2740 J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 29 IS 4 BP 633 EP 640 DI 10.1614/WT-D-14-00089.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CX7EY UT WOS:000365866100001 ER PT J AU Dodds, DM Main, CL Barber, LT Burmester, C Collins, GD Edmisten, K Stephenson, DO Whitaker, JR Boykin, DL AF Dodds, Darrin M. Main, Christopher L. Barber, L. Thomas Burmester, Charles Collins, Guy D. Edmisten, Keith Stephenson, Daniel O. Whitaker, Jared R. Boykin, Deborah L. TI Response of LibertyLink and WideStrike Cotton to Varying Rates of Glufosinate SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bialaphos resistance; glyphosate-resistant; phosphinothricin acetyl transferase ID AMARANTH AMARANTHUS-PALMERI; MIDSOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; 485 WRF COTTON; GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT; WEED-CONTROL; RICE PRODUCTION; YIELD; HERBICIDE; MANAGEMENT; TOLERANCE AB Field studies were conducted in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, and Tennessee during 2010 and 2011 to determine the effect of glufosinate application rate on LibertyLink and WideStrike cotton. Glufosinate was applied in a single application (three-leaf cotton) or sequential application (three-leaf followed by eight-leaf cotton) at 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, and 2.4 kg ai ha(-1). Glufosinate application rate did not affect visual injury or growth parameters measured in LibertyLink cotton. No differences in LibertyLink cotton yield were observed because of glufosinate application rate; however, LibertyLink cotton treated with glufosinate yielded slightly more cotton than the nontreated check. Visual estimates of injury to WideStrike cotton increased with each increase in glufosinate application rate. However, the injury was transient, and by 28 d after the eight-leaf application, no differences in injury were observed. WideStrike cotton growth was adversely affected during the growing season following glufosinate application at rates of 1.2 kg ha(-1) and greater; however, cotton height and total nodes were unaffected by glufosinate application rate at the end of the season. WideStrike cotton maturity was delayed, and yields were reduced following glufosinate application at rates of 1.2 kg ha(-1) and above. Fiber quality of LibertyLink and WideStrike cotton was unaffected by glufosinate application rate. These data indicate that glufosinate may be applied to WideStrike cotton at rates of 0.6 kg ha(-1) without inhibiting cotton growth, development, or yield. Given the lack of injury or yield reduction following glufosinate application to LibertyLink cotton, these cultivars possess robust resistance to glufosinate. Growers are urged to be cautious when increasing glufosinate application rates to increase control of glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth in WideStrike cotton. However, glufosinate application rates may be increased to maximum labeled rates when making applications to LibertyLink cotton without fear of reducing cotton growth, development, or yield. C1 [Dodds, Darrin M.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Main, Christopher L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Jackson, TN 38388 USA. [Barber, L. Thomas] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Div Agr, Little Rock, AR 72203 USA. [Burmester, Charles] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Belle Mina, AL 35615 USA. [Collins, Guy D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Edmisten, Keith] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stephenson, Daniel O.] Louisiana State Univ AgCtr, Alexandria, LA 71302 USA. [Whitaker, Jared R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Boykin, Deborah L.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Dodds, DM (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM darrind@ext.msstate.edu NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X EI 1550-2740 J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 29 IS 4 BP 665 EP 674 DI 10.1614/WT-D-15-00012.1 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CX7EY UT WOS:000365866100004 ER PT J AU Lati, RN Mou, BQ Rachuy, JS Smith, RF Dara, SK Daugovish, O Fennimore, SA AF Lati, Ran N. Mou, Beiquan Rachuy, John S. Smith, Richard F. Dara, Surendra K. Daugovish, Oleg Fennimore, Steven A. TI Weed Management in Transplanted Lettuce with Pendimethalin and S-Metolachlor SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lettuce yield; POST; PRE; weed control in transplanted lettuce ID LACTUCA-SATIVA; OLERACEA; ECONOMICS; COMPETITION; RICE AB Few herbicides are available for use in lettuce and hand weeding is required for commercially acceptable weed control. More effective herbicides are needed. Here field evaluations of pendimethalin and S-metolachlor for weed control in transplanted lettuce are reported. Pendimethalin was evaluated PRE at rates between 0.6 and 6.7 kg ai ha(-1), and POST at 1.1 and 2.2 kg ha(-1). Both pendimethalin PRE and POST applications were safe to transplanted lettuce and provided similar weed control. Pendimethalin PRE at rates of 1.1 kg ha(-1) and higher provided better weed control than the industry standard, pronamide at 1.3 kg ha(-1). S-Metolachlor PRE was evaluated at rates between 0.6 and 5.6 kg ha-1. SMetolachlor at rates up to 2.8 kg ha(-1) caused little or no crop injury or yield reduction in transplanted lettuce, and S-metolachlor at rates of 1.4 kg ha(-1) and higher improved weed control compared with pronamide at 1.3 kg ha(-1). Pendimethalin and S-metolachlor are not labeled for transplanted lettuce, but we suggest that labeling be pursued at rates of 1.1 and 0.7 kg ha(-1), respectively. Pendimethalin at 1.1 kg ha(-1) applied PRE or POST improved weed control by 57 and 42%, respectively compared with pronamide. S-Metolachlor PRE at 0.7 kg ha(-1) was less effective on weeds than pendimethalin, but maintained weed control level similar to pronamide. Pendimethalin and S-metolachlor have potential for use in transplanted lettuce production and provide alternatives to current transplanted lettuce herbicides. C1 [Lati, Ran N.; Rachuy, John S.; Fennimore, Steven A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Mou, Beiquan] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Smith, Richard F.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Monterey Cty, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. [Dara, Surendra K.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, San Luis Obispo Cty, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 USA. [Daugovish, Oleg] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Ventura Cty, Ventura, CA 93003 USA. RP Lati, RN (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, 1636 East Alisal, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM ranlati@ucdavis.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X EI 1550-2740 J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 29 IS 4 BP 827 EP 834 DI 10.1614/WT-D-15-00011.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CX7EY UT WOS:000365866100021 ER PT J AU Johnson, WC Way, TR Beale, DG AF Johnson, W. Carroll, III Way, Thomas R. Beale, David G. TI An Undergraduate Student Project to Improve Mechanical Control of Perennial Nutsedges with a Peanut Digger in Organic Crop Production SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Organic transition; physical weed control; specialized tillage ID SEQUENTIAL POSTDIRECTED APPLICATIONS; CYPERUS-ESCULENTUS; WEED-CONTROL; PELARGONIC ACID; COASTAL-PLAIN; HERBICIDES AB Yellow and purple nutsedge are common in the southeastern United States, and both perennial species are difficult to control in organic crop-production systems. Tubers are generally confined to the upper portions of the soil profile and are vulnerable to desiccation when brought to the soil surface. A peanut digger is a common implement found in the coastal plain region of the southeastern United States and has shown promise controlling perennial nutsedges in fallow sites. The peanut digger undercuts perennial nutsedges, deposits weeds on the soil surface, and exposes weeds to desiccation. However, rainfall after tillage with the peanut digger allows displaced nutsedges to survive. As part of a senior-level class project, undergraduate mechanical engineering students from Auburn University designed and constructed a cart attached to a peanut digger that collected nutsedges. Key features included a custom hitch that allowed the correct plane of movement and a hydraulic conveyor system that discarded the perennial nutsedges off-site, away from the field. The prototype was tested in a fallow location in the summer of 2014 with a yellow nutsedge infestation averaging 148 plants m(-2). One week after the initial field test, tillage using the peanut digger with specialized cart reduced yellow nutsedge densities in the tilled area by > 99%. C1 [Johnson, W. Carroll, III] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Way, Thomas R.] USDA ARS, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Beale, David G.] Auburn Univ, Samuel Ginn Coll Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Johnson, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tifton Campus,POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Carroll.Johnson@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X EI 1550-2740 J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 29 IS 4 BP 861 EP 867 DI 10.1614/WT-D-15-00080.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CX7EY UT WOS:000365866100025 ER PT J AU Luthria, DL Lu, YJ John, KMM AF Luthria, Deuanand L. Lu, Yingjian John, K. M. Maria TI Bioactive phytochemicals in wheat: Extraction, analysis, processing, and functional properties SO JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS LA English DT Article DE Wheat bioactive phytochemicals; Phenolic acids; Carotenoids and tocopherols; Alkylresorcinols; Functional properties ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BOUND PHENOLIC-ACIDS; SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION; HEALTHGRAIN DIVERSITY SCREEN; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; DISEASE RISK REDUCTION; WHOLE-GRAIN WHEAT; NATURAL VITAMIN-E; ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES; ASSISTED EXTRACTION AB Whole wheat provides a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals namely, phenolic acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, alkylresorcinols, benzoxazinoids, phytosterols, and lignans. This review provides information on the distribution, ex-tractability, analysis, and functional properties of bioactive phytochemicals present in wheat. Understanding the impact of processing on wheat phytochemicals allows us to develop improved processes with higher retention of bioactive compounds in processed wheat foods. Details of extraction, analytical methodologies and processing effects on bioactive phytochemicals in wheat are presented in tabulated form. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Luthria, Deuanand L.; Lu, Yingjian; John, K. M. Maria] ARS, USDA, Food Composit Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Luthria, DL (reprint author), ARS, Food Composit Methods Dev Lab, BARC E, USDA, Bldg 161,Lab 202,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Dave.Luthria@ars.usda.gov NR 117 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 11 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1756-4646 J9 J FUNCT FOODS JI J. Funct. Food. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 18 BP 910 EP 925 DI 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.001 PN B PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CW8JD UT WOS:000365244700008 ER PT J AU Trauernicht, C Pickett, E Giardina, CP Litton, CM Cordell, S Beavers, A AF Trauernicht, Clay Pickett, Elizabeth Giardina, Christian P. Litton, Creighton M. Cordell, Susan Beavers, Andrew TI The Contemporary Scale and Context of Wildfire in Hawai'i SO PACIFIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GRASS MEGATHYRSUS-MAXIMUS; VOLCANOS NATIONAL-PARK; EXOTIC GRASSES; INVASIVE GRASSES; FIRE CYCLE; FUEL LOADS; FERAL PIGS; FOREST; RESTORATION; ECOSYSTEM AB Wildfire is a major threat to natural resources and native species in Hawai'i, but the frequency and extent of wildfires across the archipelago has not been well quantified. Our objective was to summarize the available wildfire data for Hawai'i and synthesize the social and ecological dimensions of wildfire drivers, impacts, and management responses. We constructed a 110-yr span of wildfire records for the state of Flawai'i to examine historical trends (1904-2011) and summarized relationships between contemporary wildfire occurrence (2005- 2011) and land use/land cover types and human population. Total area burned statewide increased more than fourfold from 1904 to 1959 to peaks in the 1960s-1970s and mid-1990s to present. From 2005 to 2011, on average, 1,007 wildfires were reported across the state per year (+/- 77 SE), burning an average of 8,427 ha yr(-1)(+/-2,394 SE). Most -fires (95%) were <4 ha, while most area burned (93%) was attributed to fires >= 40 ha. Ignition frequency was positively correlated with human population across islands. -Wild-fires were most frequent in developed areas, but most areas burned occurred in dry nonnative grasslands and shrublands that currently compose 24% of HawaiTs total land cover. These grass-dominated landscapes allow wildfires to propagate rapidly from areas of high ignition frequencies into the forested margins of the state's watersheds, placing native habitat, watershed integrity, and human safety at risk. There is an urgent need to better assess fire risk and impacts at landscape scales and increase the integration of prefire planning and prevention into existing land management goals. C1 [Trauernicht, Clay; Litton, Creighton M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Pickett, Elizabeth] Hawaii Wildfire Management Org, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Giardina, Christian P.; Cordell, Susan] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI 96785 USA. [Beavers, Andrew] Colorado State Univ, Ctr Environm Management Mil Lands, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Trauernicht, C (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM trauerni@hawaii.edu RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073 FU Joint Fire Science Program; U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station to support the Pacific Fire Exchange; College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa via the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture; Hatch [HAW00132-H, HAW01127-11]; Smith-Lever Act Formula Grant; Renewable Resources Extension Act (RREA) programs FX This work was made possible by funding from the Joint Fire Science Program and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station to support the Pacific Fire Exchange and the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa via the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch (HAW00132-H and HAW01127-11), Smith-Lever Act Formula Grant, and Renewable Resources Extension Act (RREA) programs. Manuscript accepted 22 February 2015. NR 87 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS PI HONOLULU PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA SN 0030-8870 EI 1534-6188 J9 PAC SCI JI Pac. Sci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 69 IS 4 BP 427 EP 444 DI 10.2984/69.4.1 PG 18 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA CW8FW UT WOS:000365235900001 ER PT J AU Assmann, JM Anghinoni, I Martins, AP Costa, SEVGD Kunrath, TR Bayer, C Carvalho, PCD Franzluebbers, AJ AF Assmann, Joice Mari Anghinoni, Ibanor Martins, Amanda Posselt Gigante de Andrade Costa, Sergio Ely Valadao Kunrath, Taise Robinson Bayer, Cimelio de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar Franzluebbers, Alan Joseph TI Carbon and nitrogen cycling in an integrated soybean-beef cattle production system under different grazing intensities SO PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA BRASILEIRA LA English DT Article DE Avena strigosa; Glycine max; Lolium multiflorum; integrated crop-livestock; nutrient cycling; soil organic matter ID PLANT LITTER DECOMPOSITION; CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS; MINERALIZATION; RELEASE; INTENSIFICATION; COMMUNITIES; GRASSLANDS; MANAGEMENT; ECOSYSTEM; MATTER AB The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of grazing intensity on the decomposition of cover crop pasture, dung, and soybean residues, as well as the C and N release rates from these residues in a long-term integrated soybean-beef cattle system under no-tillage. The experiment was initiated in 2001, with soybean cultivated in summer and black oat + Italian ryegrass in winter. The treatments consisted of four sward heights (10, 20, 30, and 40 cm), plus an ungrazed area, as the control. In 2009-2011, residues from pasture, dung, and soybean stems and leaves were placed in nylon-mesh litter bags and allowed to decompose for up to 258 days. With increasing grazing intensity, residual dry matter of the pasture decreased and that of dung increased. Pasture and dung lignin concentrations and C release rates were lower with moderate grazing intensity. C and N release rates from soybean residues are not affected by grazing intensity. The moderate grazing intensity produces higher quality residues, both for pasture and dung. Total C and N release is influenced by the greater residual dry matter produced when pastures were either lightly grazed or ungrazed. C1 [Assmann, Joice Mari; Anghinoni, Ibanor; Martins, Amanda Posselt; Gigante de Andrade Costa, Sergio Ely Valadao; Bayer, Cimelio] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Solos, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Kunrath, Taise Robinson; de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Plantas Forrageiras & Agrometeorol, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Franzluebbers, Alan Joseph] ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Assmann, JM (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Solos, Ave Bento Goncalves 7-712, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM joiceassmann@hotmail.com; ibanghi@ufrgs.br; amandaposselt@gmail.com; sergioely2011@hotmail.com; taiserk@gmail.com; cimelio.bayer@ufrgs.br; paulocfc@ufrgs.br; alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov RI Martins, Amanda/L-3887-2016; OI Martins, Amanda/0000-0001-9180-2508; de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar/0000-0002-7020-3001 FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (Capes); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Fapergs) FX To Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (Capes), to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), and to Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Fapergs), for financial support and scholarship granted; and to Adao Luis Ramos dos Santos, for support provided in the laboratorial analysis and field activities. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 16 PU EMPRESA BRASIL PESQ AGROPEC PI BRASILIA DF PA EMBRAPA INFORMACAO TECNOLOGICA, PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA BRASILEIRA - PAB, CAIXA POSTAL 040315, 70770-901 BRASILIA DF, BRAZIL SN 0100-204X EI 1678-3921 J9 PESQUI AGROPECU BRAS JI Pesqui. Agropecu. Bras. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 50 IS 10 BP 967 EP 978 DI 10.1590/S0100-204X2015001000013 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA CW9BA UT WOS:000365292100013 ER PT J AU Chang, PK Hua, SST Sarreal, SBL Li, RW AF Chang, Perng-Kuang Hua, Sui Sheng T. Sarreal, Siov Bouy L. Li, Robert W. TI Suppression of Aflatoxin Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus by 2-Phenylethanol Is Associated with Stimulated Growth and Decreased Degradation of Branched-Chain Amino Acids SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; 2-phenylethanol; aflatoxin; gene ontology; metabolic pathway; functional genomics ID PHENETHYL ALCOHOL; ESCHERICHIA COLI; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID; PARASITICUS; INHIBITION; NIDULANS; PROTEIN; CONIDIATION; EXPRESSION; DELETION AB The saprophytic soil fungus Aspergillus flavus infects crops and produces aflatoxin. Pichia anomala, which is a biocontrol yeast and produces the major volatile 2-phenylethanol (2-PE), is able to reduce growth of A. flavus and aflatoxin production when applied onto pistachio trees. High levels of 2-PE are lethal to A. flavus and other fungi. However, at low levels, the underlying mechanism of 2-PE to inhibit aflatoxin production remains unclear. In this study, we characterized the temporal transcriptome response of A. flavus to 2-PE at a subinhibitory level (1 mu L/mL) using RNA-Seq technology and bioinformatics tools. The treatment during the entire 72 h experimental period resulted in 131 of the total A. flavus 13,485 genes to be significantly impacted, of which 82 genes exhibited decreased expression. They included those encoding conidiation proteins and involved in cyclopiazonic acid biosynthesis. All genes in the aflatoxin gene cluster were also significantly decreased during the first 48 h treatment. Gene Ontology (GO) analyses showed that biological processes with GO terms related to catabolism of propionate and branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine and isoleucine) were significantly enriched in the down-regulated gene group, while those associated with ribosome biogenesis, translation, and biosynthesis of -amino acids were over-represented among the up-regulated genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that metabolic pathways negatively impacted among the down-regulated genes parallel to those active at 30 degrees C, a condition conducive to aflatoxin biosynthesis. In contrast, metabolic pathways positively related to the up-regulated gene group resembled those at 37 degrees C, which favors rapid fungal growth and is inhibitory to aflatoxin biosynthesis. The results showed that 2-PE at a low level stimulated active growth of A. flavus but concomitantly rendered decreased activities in branched-chain amino acid degradation. Since secondary metabolism occurs after active growth has ceased, this growth stimulation resulted in suppression of expression of aflatoxin biosynthesis genes. On the other hand, increased activities in degradation pathways for branched-chain amino acids probably are required for the activation of the aflatoxin pathway by providing building blocks and energy regeneration. Metabolic flux in primary metabolism apparently has an important role in the expression of genes of secondary metabolism. C1 [Chang, Perng-Kuang] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Hua, Sui Sheng T.; Sarreal, Siov Bouy L.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Li, Robert W.] ARS, Anim Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chang, PK (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM perngkuang.chang@ars.usda.gov; sylvia.hua@ars.usda.gov; siov.sarreal@ars.usda.gov; robert.li@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 27 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD OCT PY 2015 VL 7 IS 10 BP 3887 EP 3902 DI 10.3390/toxins7103887 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CW4KO UT WOS:000364960400004 PM 26404375 ER PT J AU Maragos, CM AF Maragos, Chris M. TI Development and Evaluation of Monoclonal Antibodies for Paxilline SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE paxilline; tremorgen; antibody; immunoassay; mycotoxin; silage ID PENICILLIUM-PAXILLI; CLAVICEPS-PASPALI; LOLITREM-B; CHANNELS; GENOTOXICITY; METABOLITES; MECHANISM; STAGGERS; RYEGRASS; PENITREM AB Paxilline (PAX) is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in perennial ryegrass infected with Acremonium lolii. To facilitate screening for this toxin, four murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed. In competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (CI-ELISAs) the concentrations of PAX required to inhibit signal development by 50% (IC(50)s) ranged from 1.2 to 2.5 ng/mL. One mAb (2-9) was applied to the detection of PAX in maize silage. The assay was sensitive to the effects of solvents, with 5% acetonitrile or 20% methanol causing a two-fold or greater increase in IC50. For analysis of silage samples, extracts were cleaned up by adsorbing potential matrix interferences onto a solid phase extraction column. The non-retained extract was then diluted with buffer to reduce solvent content prior to assay. Using this method, the limit of detection for PAX in dried silage was 15 mu g/kg and the limit of quantification was 90 mu g/kg. Recovery from samples spiked over the range of 100 to 1000 mu g/kg averaged 106% +/- 18%. The assay was applied to 86 maize silage samples, with many having detectable, but none having quantifiable, levels of PAX. The results suggest the CI-ELISA can be applied as a sensitive technique for the screening of PAX in maize silage. C1 [Maragos, Chris M.] USDA ARS NCAUR, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Maragos, CM (reprint author), USDA ARS NCAUR, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM chris.maragos@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD OCT PY 2015 VL 7 IS 10 BP 3903 EP 3915 DI 10.3390/toxins7103903 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CW4KO UT WOS:000364960400005 PM 26426046 ER PT J AU Aflitto, N DeGomez, T Hofstetter, R Anhold, J McMillin, J Wagner, M Schneider, E AF Aflitto, Nicholas DeGomez, Tom Hofstetter, Richard Anhold, John McMillin, Joel Wagner, Mike Schneider, Eryn TI PINE BARK BEETLE AND DWARF MISTLETOE INFESTATION IN A REMNANT OLD-GROWTH STAND SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWESTERN PONDEROSA PINE; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION TREATMENTS; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; NORTHERN ARIZONA; SOUTHERN FINLAND; FOREST STRUCTURE; BOREAL FORESTS; FIRE; ECOSYSTEMS; COLEOPTERA AB We examined the incidence of bark beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) colonization and subsequent mortality, and the presence of dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium vaginatum subsp. crytopodum) within a rare remnant old-growth stand of ponderosa pine. In 2011, 96% of the old growth trees were remaining with additional dense ingrowth of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex. Lawson) within the understory of the oldest trees. We compared the old-growth stand to abutting stands of ponderosa pine: a low-density seed-tree cut and a high-density post-1900 second growth. The old-growth stand had levels of bark beetle colonization similar to the seed-tree stand, and both of these stands had significantly more bark beetles than the high-density stand. Across all sites, bark beetles were found in higher numbers in the 51-60 cm diameter class. We found a trend between the proportion of trees infected per site and the percentage of trees with bark beetle activity, although a direct relationship between a tree's dwarf mistletoe infection and beetle attack was not found. This work indicates that large, older trees are not immune to endemic bark beetle attack and subsequent mortality. In light of current efforts to implement forest restoration practices that favor older and larger trees, managers of ponderosa pine forests should be aware that risk from bark beetle attack may increase as basal area increases within the stand. C1 [Aflitto, Nicholas; DeGomez, Tom] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Hofstetter, Richard; Wagner, Mike; Schneider, Eryn] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Anhold, John] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southwestern Reg, Forestry & Forest Hlth, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [McMillin, Joel] US Forest Serv, USDA, Boise Field Off, Forestry & Forest Hlth, Boise, ID 83709 USA. RP DeGomez, T (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, NAU Box 15018, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM degomez@ag.arizona.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring, Evaluation Monitoring Program Award INT-EM-B-Regional [11-CS-11031600-087] FX Funding for this project was provided by a USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring, Evaluation Monitoring Program Award INT-EM-B-Regional (11-CS-11031600-087). NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 8 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD OCT PY 2015 VL 75 IS 3 BP 281 EP 290 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW8LI UT WOS:000365250700004 ER PT J AU Ganey, JL Block, WM Sanderlin, JS Iniguez, JM AF Ganey, Joseph L. Block, William M. Sanderlin, Jamie S. Iniguez, Jose M. TI COMPARATIVE NEST-SITE HABITAT OF PAINTED REDSTARTS AND RED-FACED WARBLERS IN THE MADREAN SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Conservation of avian species requires understanding their nesting habitat requirements. We compared 3 aspects of habitat at nest sites (topographic characteristics of nest sites, nest placement within nest sites, and canopy stratification within nest sites) of 2 related species of ground-nesting warblers (Red-faced Warblers, Cardellina rubrifrons, n = 17 nests; Painted Redstarts, Myioborus pictus, n = 22 nests) in the Sky Island mountain ranges of southeastern Arizona. These species nested in several forest and woodland cover types that occurred along an elevational gradient. Red-faced Warblers nested primarily toward the upper end of that gradient, in pine (Pinus spp.)-oak (Quercus spp.) and mixed-conifer forests. Painted Redstarts nested primarily at lower elevations, in riparian forest, oak-pine woodlands, and pine-oak forest. The 2 species both nested in cover types that occurred at mid-elevations. Within these shared cover types, Red-faced Warblers nested at higher elevations and at nest sites with greater canopy cover > 10 m aboveground than Painted Redstarts. Nest placement within nest sites was similar between species; both placed their nests in concealed locations. Our results suggest that managers should consider the entire elevational gradient surveyed here to best conserve habitat for both species, and should maintain at least some areas with relatively dense understory cover across that gradient to provide cover for nest sites. Managers should emphasize lower overstories in lower-elevation oak-pine woodlands, taller overstories in higher-elevation pine-oak and especially mixed-conifer forests, and a mixture of overstory heights in mid-elevation pine-oak forests. We recommend additional detailed studies of nesting habitat and the effects of disturbance processes on nesting habitat. Such studies will add to our understanding of the ecology of these 2 bird species and habitat conservation in this ecologically important area. C1 [Ganey, Joseph L.; Block, William M.; Sanderlin, Jamie S.; Iniguez, Jose M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Ganey, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM jganey@fs.fed.us NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD OCT PY 2015 VL 75 IS 3 BP 291 EP 300 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW8LI UT WOS:000365250700005 ER PT J AU Schreiber, LA Hansen, CP Rumble, MA Millspaugh, JJ Gamo, RS Kehmeier, JW Wojcik, N AF Schreiber, Leslie A. Hansen, Christopher P. Rumble, Mark A. Millspaugh, Joshua J. Gamo, R. Scott Kehmeier, Jon W. Wojcik, Nate TI MICROHABITAT SELECTION OF BROOD-REARING SITES BY GREATER SAGE-GROUSE IN CARBON COUNTY, WYOMING SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID HABITAT USE; DARKLING BEETLES; VISUAL OBSTRUCTION; RESOURCE SELECTION; NORTH-AMERICA; VEGETATION; CHICKS; PRODUCTIVITY; POPULATIONS; MOVEMENTS AB Declines in Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus, hereafter sage-grouse) populations could be attributed to low chick survival, which may be influenced by the availability of food and cover at sites used by females rearing broods. Habitat attributes important to broods may vary regionally; thus, it is necessary to understand factors affecting regional sage-grouse brood-rearing site selection, especially when estimating the impacts of development. We monitored brood-rearing female sage-grouse equipped with solar Argos Global Positioning System Platform Transmitter Terminals from 2011 to 2013 to assess microhabitat selection by broods in Carbon County, Wyoming. We measured vegetation and arthropod characteristics at diurnal sites used by broods (n = 42 in 2011, n = 31 in 2012, n = 32 in 2013) and at 3 paired-random sites associated with each used site (n = 315), located 50 m, 250 m, and 500 m from the used site. We fit conditional logistic models within an information-theoretic framework to identify vegetation and arthropod characteristics associated with microsite selection of brood-rearing sites. Sage-grouse selected brood-rearing sites with greater visual obstruction (0-45.7 cm in height), higher numbers of arthropods in the order Diptera, and lower numbers of arthropods in the order Coleoptera. There was an interaction effect between the number of arthropods in the order Hymenoptera and the canopy cover of broad-leaf forbs; the relative probability of selection increased with increasing number of Hymenoptera when there was low cover (<20%) of broad-leaf forbs, but decreased with increasing number of Hymenoptera when there was high broad-leaf forb cover (>20%). We also found a quadratic relationship between selection of brood-rearing sites and total vegetation canopy cover; the relative probability of selection increased until approximately 75% cover and then decreased with increasing cover. Sage-grouse rearing broods selected a diverse array of vegetation types, but greatest use occurred within mesic communities. Our results could be used to identify vegetation communities with high relative probabilities of use by sage-grouse rearing broods, which will help guide management decisions and provide reference conditions for future research that evaluates the effects of wind energy development on sage-grouse. C1 [Schreiber, Leslie A.; Hansen, Christopher P.; Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Rumble, Mark A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. [Gamo, R. Scott] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Cheyenne, WY 82006 USA. [Kehmeier, Jon W.; Wojcik, Nate] SWCA Environm Consultants, Broomfield, CO 80021 USA. RP Schreiber, LA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM millspaughj@missouri.edu FU U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Wyoming Game and Fish Department; Power Company of Wyoming LLC; Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Department of Energy National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; SWCA Environmental Consultants; National Wind Coordinating Collaborative and American Wind Wildlife Institute; Overland Trail Cattle Company LLC FX The research associated with this publication resulted from research funded, in part, by U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Power Company of Wyoming LLC, Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Department of Energy National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, and SWCA Environmental Consultants. The National Wind Coordinating Collaborative and American Wind Wildlife Institute helped to acquire funds for our research program focused on sage-grouse ecology and wind energy development. A. Fremgen and many technicians assisted with sage-grouse tagging, tracking, and associated fieldwork, and S. Baggett assisted with development and interpretation of statistical analyses. M. Morrison and 2 anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that improved the manuscript. We particularly thank G. Miller, Vice President of Land and Environmental Affairs, Power Company of Wyoming LLC, and the Overland Trail Cattle Company LLC, for their support of the project and assistance with field activities. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD OCT PY 2015 VL 75 IS 3 BP 348 EP 363 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW8LI UT WOS:000365250700011 ER PT J AU Stromberg, BE Gasbarre, LC Ballweber, LR Dargatz, DA Rodriguez, JM Kopral, CA Zarlenga, DS AF Stromberg, Bert E. Gasbarre, Louis C. Ballweber, Lora R. Dargatz, David A. Rodriguez, Judith M. Kopral, Christine A. Zarlenga, Dante S. TI Prevalence of internal parasites in beef cows in the United States: Results of the National Animal Health Monitoring System's (NAHMS) beef study, 2007-2008 SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE LA English DT Article ID GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITISM; HELMINTH-PARASITES; CATTLE; NEMATODES; HERD AB During the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Animal Health Monitoring System's (NAHMS) 2007-2008 beef study, 567 producers from 24 US States were offered the opportunity to collect fecal samples from weaned beef calves and have them evaluated for the presence of parasite eggs (Phase 1). Participating producers were provided with instructions and materials for sample collection. Up to 20 fresh fecal samples were collected from each of the 99 participating operations. Fresh fecal samples were submitted to one of 3 randomly assigned laboratories for evaluation. Upon arrival at the laboratories, all samples were processed for the enumeration of strongyle, Nematodirus, and Trichuris eggs using the modified Wisconsin technique. The presence or absence of coccidian oocysts and tapeworm eggs was also noted. In submissions where the strongyle eggs per gram exceeded 30, aliquots from 2 to 6 animals were pooled for DNA extraction. Extracted DNA was subjected to genus level polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identification for the presence of Ostertagia, Cooperia, Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum, and Trichostrongylus. In this study, 85.6% of the samples had strongyle type, Nematodirus, and Trichuris eggs. Among the samples evaluated, 91% had Cooperia, 79% Ostertagia, 53% Haemonchus, 38% Oesophagostomum, 18% Nematodirus, 7% Trichuris, and 3% Trichostrongylus. The prevalence of coccidia and tapeworm eggs was 59.9% and 13.7%, respectively. C1 [Stromberg, Bert E.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Gasbarre, Louis C.] ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ballweber, Lora R.] Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dargatz, David A.; Rodriguez, Judith M.; Kopral, Christine A.] APHIS, USDA, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Zarlenga, Dante S.] ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zarlenga, DS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dante.zarlenga@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; USDA, Agricultural Research Service FX This study was carried out as part of the USDA APHIS National Animal Health Monitoring System and, as such, the collection of data and samples was funded by the USDA. Supplemental funding was provided by the USDA, Agricultural Research Service to support the evaluation of the fecal samples. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU CANADIAN VET MED ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA 339 BOOTH ST, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1R 7K1, CANADA SN 0830-9000 J9 CAN J VET RES JI Can. J. Vet. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. Vet. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 79 IS 4 BP 290 EP 295 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CW4MV UT WOS:000364966600005 PM 26424909 ER PT J AU Gasbarre, LC Ballweber, LR Stromberg, BE Dargatz, DA Rodriguez, JM Kopral, CA Zarlenga, DS AF Gasbarre, Louis C. Ballweber, Lora R. Stromberg, Bert E. Dargatz, David A. Rodriguez, Judy M. Kopral, Christine A. Zarlenga, Dante S. TI Effectiveness of current anthelmintic treatment programs on reducing fecal egg counts in United States cow-calf operations SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE LA English DT Article ID VETERINARY IMPORTANCE; REDUCTION TEST; GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES; OSTERTAGIA-OSTERTAGI; BEEF-CATTLE; NEW-ZEALAND; RESISTANCE; EFFICACY; PRODUCTIVITY; OXFENDAZOLE AB During the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Animal Health Monitoring System's (NAHMS) 2007-2008 beef study, producers from 24 states were offered the opportunity to evaluate their animals for internal parasites and for overall responses to treatment with anthelmintics. A lapse of 45 d was required between initial sampling and any previous treatments. Choice of anthelmintic (oral benzimidazoles, and both injectable and pour-on endectocides) was at the discretion of the producer so as not to alter the local control programs. Fresh fecal samples were collected from 20 animals, or from the entire group if less than 20, then randomly assigned to 1 of 3 participating laboratories for examination. Analyses consisted of double centrifugation flotation followed by enumeration of strongyle, Nematodirus, and Trichuris eggs (the presence of coccidian oocysts and tapeworm eggs was also noted). Where strongyle eggs per gram (epg) exceeded 30, aliquots from 2 to 6 animals were pooled for egg isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for the presence of Ostertagia, Cooperia, Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum, and Trichostrongylus. Results from 72 producers (19 States) indicated that fecal egg count reductions were < 90% in 1/3 of the operations. All operations exhibiting less than a 90% reduction had used pour-on macrocyclic lactones as the anthelmintic treatment. While some of these less than expected reductions could have been the result of improper drug application, PCR analyses of the parasite populations surviving treatment, coupled with follow-up studies at a limited number of sites, indicated that less than expected reductions were most likely due to anthelmintic resistance in Cooperia spp. and possibly Haemonchus spp. C1 [Gasbarre, Louis C.] ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ballweber, Lora R.] Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Stromberg, Bert E.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Dargatz, David A.; Rodriguez, Judy M.; Kopral, Christine A.] APHIS, USDA, VS Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Zarlenga, Dante S.] ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zarlenga, DS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dante.zarlenga@ars.usda.gov FU USDA FX This study was carried out as part of the USDA APHIS National Animal Health Monitoring System and, as such, the collection of data and samples was funded by the USDA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 9 PU CANADIAN VET MED ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA 339 BOOTH ST, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1R 7K1, CANADA SN 0830-9000 J9 CAN J VET RES JI Can. J. Vet. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. Vet. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 79 IS 4 BP 296 EP 302 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CW4MV UT WOS:000364966600006 PM 26424910 ER PT J AU Kim, GH Breidt, F Fratamico, P Oh, DH AF Kim, Gwang-Hee Breidt, Frederick Fratamico, Pina Oh, Deog-Hwan TI Acid Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Different Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli Serogroups SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE acid resistance; E. coli non-O157; DiversiLab (TM) system; glutamic acid; repetitive sequence-based PCR ID SEQUENCE-BASED PCR; HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; ACETIC-ACID; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; PICKLE PRODUCTS; UNITED-STATES; ORGANIC-ACIDS; TOLERANCE; SURVIVAL; O157/H7 AB The objective of this study was to compare the acid resistance (AR) of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains belonging to serogroups O26, O45, O103, O104, O111, O121, and O145 with O157: H7 STEC isolated from various sources in 400 mM acetic acid solutions (AAS) at pH 3.2 and 30 degrees C for 25 min with or without glutamic acid. Furthermore, the molecular subgrouping of the STEC strains was analyzed with the repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) method using a DiversiLab (TM) system. Results for a total of 52 strains ranged from 0.31 to 5.45 log reduction CFU/mL in the absence of glutamic acid and 0.02 to 0.33 CFU/mL in the presence of glutamic acid except for B447 (O26:H11), B452 (O45:H2), and B466 (O104:H4) strains. Strains belonging to serogroups O111, O121, and O103 showed higher AR than serotype O157: H7 strains in the absence of glutamic acid. All STEC O157: H7 strains exhibited a comparable DNA pattern with more than 95% similarity in the rep-PCR results, as did the strains belonging to serogroups O111 and O121. Surprisingly, the DNA pattern of B458 (O103:H2) was similar to that of O157: H7 strains with 82% similarity, and strain B458 strain showed the highest AR to AAS among the O103 strains with 0.44 log reduction CFU/mL without glutamic acid. In conclusion, STEC serotypes isolated from different sources exhibited diverse AR and genetic subtyping patterns. Results indicated that some non-O157 STEC strains may have higher AR than STEC O157:H7 strains under specific acidic conditions, and the addition of glutamic acid provided enhanced protection against exposure to AAS. C1 [Kim, Gwang-Hee; Oh, Deog-Hwan] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, Chunchon 200701, Gangwon Do, South Korea. [Breidt, Frederick] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Food Sci Res Unit,Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kim, Gwang-Hee; Fratamico, Pina] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Oh, DH (reprint author), Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, 1 Kangwondaehak Gil, Chunchon 200701, Gangwon Do, South Korea. EM deoghwa@kanagwon.ac.kr FU Kangwon National University [120131286] FX This study was supported by 2013 Research Grant from Kangwon National University (No. 120131286). We gratefully thank Dr. Kun-Ho Seo and laboratory members (Center for Food Safety and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk Univ., Seoul, South Korea) for help with the DiversiLab (TM) study. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 80 IS 10 BP M2257 EP M2264 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12996 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CW1WW UT WOS:000364783600011 PM 26375176 ER PT J AU Sheridan, E Randolet, J DeVault, TL Seamans, TW Blackvvell, BF Fernandez-Juricic, E AF Sheridan, Eleanor Randolet, Jacquelyn DeVault, Travis Lee Seamans, Thomas Walter Blackvvell, Bradley Fields Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban TI The effects of radar on avian behavior: Implications for wildlife management at airports SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Antipredator behavior; Aviation; Bird-aircraft collisions; Radar; Vehicle approaching ID BROWN-HEADED COWBIRDS; TITS PARUS-CAERULEUS; MICROWAVE-RADIATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC-RADIATION; AVOIDANCE-BEHAVIOR; PREDATOR DETECTION; PASSER-DOMESTICUS; LIMITED ATTENTION; STURNUS-VULGARIS; ESCAPE BEHAVIOR AB Airports often contain foraging, breeding, and roosting resources for wildlife. Airports also have different types of radars to assist with air traffic control, monitoring weather, and tracking wildlife that could become a risk for collision with aircraft. The effect of radar electromagnetic radiation on wildlife behavior is not well understood. The goal of this study was to determine whether bird behavior is affected by radar in two contexts: stationary radar (e.g., surveillance radar) and approaching radar (e.g., aircraft weather radar). We used brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) as a model species as they are common at airports. We hypothesized that radar challenges attention mechanisms and thus might distract birds from foraging or avoiding threats (i.e. aircraft). In the stationary radar context, we performed one experiment in the summer and one in the winter. In the summer, we found indication of changes in vigilance and movement behaviors during and after exposure to stationary radar. For example, movement rate increased from before to during radar exposure in the summer (t(101)=-3.21, P=0.002). In the winter, we also found that stationary radar increased movement behaviors. In the approaching radar context, we found that birds exposed to an approaching vehicle with radar showed earlier escape responses (t(56.3) = -2.66,P=0.010) or escape flights that dodged sideways more than with the radar off (t(41.5) = -2.67, P = 0.011). Taking these findings together, we suggest that birds might avoid stationary radar units, and moving radar units (e.g., aircraft) might enhance escape responses at low vehicle speeds during taxi, but likely not at higher speeds during take-off, landing, and flight. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sheridan, Eleanor; Randolet, Jacquelyn; Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [DeVault, Travis Lee; Seamans, Thomas Walter; Blackvvell, Bradley Fields] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Fernandez-Juricic, E (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 915 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM efernan@purdue.edu FU APHIS-USDA FX We thank the members of the Lucas lab for comments in an earlier version of the draft. Honeywell International Inc. lent us out the two radar units used in this study. This study was funded by APHIS-USDA. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 EI 1872-9045 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 171 BP 241 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.applanim.2015.08.001 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA CV9KD UT WOS:000364605200032 ER PT J AU Thorp, KR Gore, MA Andrade-Sanchez, P Carmo-Silva, AE Welch, SM White, JW French, AN AF Thorp, K. R. Gore, M. A. Andrade-Sanchez, P. Carmo-Silva, A. E. Welch, S. M. White, J. W. French, A. N. TI Proximal hyperspectral sensing and data analysis approaches for field-based plant phenomics SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cotton; High performance computing; Inverse modeling; Phenotyping; PROSAIL; Remote sensing ID LEAST-SQUARES REGRESSION; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE INDEXES; PROSPECT PLUS SAIL; VEGETATION INDEXES; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; MODEL INVERSION; NONDESTRUCTIVE ESTIMATION; CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; BIOMASS AB Field-based plant phenomics requires robust crop sensing platforms and data analysis tools to successfully identify cultivars that exhibit phenotypes with high agronomic and economic importance. Such efforts will lead to genetic improvements that maintain high crop yield with concomitant tolerance to environmental stresses. The objectives of this study were to investigate proximal hyperspectral sensing with a field spectroradiometer and to compare data analysis approaches for estimating four cotton phenotypes: leaf water content (C-w), specific leaf mass (C-m), leaf chlorophyll a + b content (C-ab), and leaf area index (LAI). Field studies tested 25 Pima cotton cultivars grown under well-watered and water-limited conditions in central Arizona from 2010 to 2012. Several vegetation indices, including the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the normalized difference water index (NDWI), and the physiological (or photochemical) reflectance index (PRI) were compared with partial least squares regression (PLSR) approaches to estimate the four phenotypes. Additionally, inversion of the PROSAIL plant canopy reflectance model was investigated to estimate phenotypes based on 3.68 billion PROSAIL simulations on a supercomputer. Phenotypic estimates from each approach were compared with field measurements, and hierarchical linear mixed modeling was used to identify differences in the estimates among the cultivars and water levels. The PLSR approach performed best and estimated C-w, C-m, C-ab, and LAI with root mean squared errors (RMSEs) between measured and modeled values of 6.8%, 10.9%, 13.1%, and 18.5%, respectively. Using linear regression with the vegetation indices, no index estimated C-w, C-m, C-ab, and LAI with RMSEs better than 9.6%, 16.9%, 14.2%, and 28.8%, respectively. PROSAIL model inversion could estimate Cab and LAI with RMSEs of about 16% and 29%, depending on the objective function. However, the RMSEs for C-w and C-m from PROSAIL model inversion were greater than 30%. Compared to PLSR, advantages to the physically-based PROSAIL model include its ability to simulate the canopy's bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) and to estimate phenotypes from canopy spectral reflectance without a training data set. All proximal hyperspectral approaches were able to identify differences in phenotypic estimates among the cultivars and irrigation regimes tested during the field studies. Improvements to these proximal hyperspectral sensing approaches could be realized with a high-throughput phenotyping platform able to rapidly collect canopy spectral reflectance data from multiple view angles. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Thorp, K. R.; White, J. W.; French, A. N.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Gore, M. A.] Cornell Univ, Plant Breeding & Genet Sect, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Andrade-Sanchez, P.] Univ Arizona, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Maricopa Agr Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Carmo-Silva, A. E.] Rothamsted Res, Plant Biol & Crop Sci Dept, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. [Welch, S. M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Thorp, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM kelly.thorp@ars.usda.gov RI Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X FU National Science Foundation [DBI-1238187]; Cotton Incorporated FX The authors acknowledge the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) at the University of Texas at Austin for providing high-performance computing resources that contributed to the research results reported in this paper (http://www.tacc.utexas.edu). This work is an outgrowth of an iPlant-AgMIP modeling workshop at TACC in 2013. The iPlant Collaborative is acknowledged for sponsoring the workshop and supporting travel for some authors of this paper. Also, Kristen Cox, Joel Gilley, Suzette Maneely, Bradley Roybal, and Sara Wyckoff are acknowledged for technical support. Doug Hunsaker is acknowledged for assistance with irrigation scheduling. The research was partially supported by National Science Foundation grant DBI-1238187 and Cotton Incorporated. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 EI 1872-7107 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 118 BP 225 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2015.09.005 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA CV9JM UT WOS:000364603500025 ER PT J AU Ashton, DT Bettaso, JB Welsh, HH AF Ashton, Donald T. Bettaso, James B. Welsh, Hartwell H., Jr. TI Changes across a Decade in Size, Growth, and Body Condition of Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata) Populations on Free-flowing and Regulated Forks of the Trinity River in Northwest California SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID TRACHEMYS-SCRIPTA-ELEGANS; LIFE-HISTORY; PSEUDEMYS-SCRIPTA; REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS; CHELYDRA-SERPENTINA; ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; CLEMMYS-MARMORATA; CONDITION INDEXES; BIPHASIC GROWTH AB Water diversions can disrupt flows and alter thermal regimes changing seasonal patterns that signal the onset of life-history functions of native organisms and compromise the fitness of their populations. We compared size, growth, relative mass, volumetric body condition, and reproductive status of Western Pond Turtles (Actinemys marmorata) across a decade on two forks of California's Trinity River, one regulated and the other free-flowing. Turtles on the regulated fork experienced flows designed to accommodate anthropocentric demands, whereas those on the free-flowing fork experienced natural hydrologic cycles and seasonal warming. July water temperatures averaged 8.6 degrees C colder on the regulated fork due to hypolimnetic releases. Turtles on the colder regulated fork grew more slowly and were smaller at similar ages compared with those on the free-flowing fork, a pattern that was exacerbated across the decade. Female relative mass (RM) across the decade did not differ between forks, whereas male RM was greater on the free-flowing fork only in the 1990s. In the 2000s volumetric body condition of females on the regulated fork differed significantly from males on both forks and females on the free-flowing fork. Females on the regulated fork appeared to be assimilating more resources possibly in response to colder water. Fewer females on the regulated fork were gravid and, due to smaller size, likely carried fewer eggs. The percent of gravid females on both forks declined significantly across the decade. We found additional evidence of a wider regional effect with differences in RM shifting from positive to negative for both sexes on both forks. We did not collect evidence that would explain these phenomena but these changes strongly suggest that trophic relationships of the turtles in the greater region are being adversely influenced. C1 [Ashton, Donald T.; Welsh, Hartwell H., Jr.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Bettaso, James B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rivers Natl Forest 6, Willow Creek, CA USA. RP Ashton, DT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM ashton.don@gmail.com; jbettaso@fs.fed.us; hwelsh@fs.fed.us FU Trinity River Restoration Program; USDI Bureau of Reclamation FX We are grateful to all who assisted in this project. D. Reese and her field crew (P. Chapman-Taylor, J. Glueck, G. Hodgson, A. Lind, J. Metz, S. Mook, K. Sadowski, K. Schlick, K. Shimizu, C. Walker, D. Welsh, and R. Wilson) collected the 1990s data. In the 2000s, R. Bourque, J. Garwood, E. Russell, O. Miano, and M. Best conducted field efforts, and a number of volunteers occasionally assisted with data recording and dive surveys: J. Ogawa, A. Quinn, G. Hodgson, D. Goodman, M. Dean, C. Bondi, M. Thomas, K. Kreick, M. Johnson, C. West, A. Krause, and C. Chamberlain. Database management, GIS, and analysis support was provided by J. Rousseau, J. Werren, G. Hodgson, B. Hogoboom, B. Howard, K. Pope, A. Haggarty, and M. Cunanan. We thank M. Shultz for the corticosteroid analysis. This manuscript was improved by comments from K. Pope, B. Harvey, C. Wheeler, and M. Snover. We especially thank the Trinity River Restoration Program, USDI Bureau of Reclamation for their interest and support over the decades. NR 95 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 14 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD OCT PY 2015 VL 103 IS 3 BP 621 EP 633 DI 10.1643/CP-15-253 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CV7FM UT WOS:000364437800015 ER PT J AU Tsuda, K Hake, S AF Tsuda, Katsutoshi Hake, Sarah TI Diverse functions of KNOX transcription factors in the diploid body plan of plants SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID MAIZE HOMEOBOX GENE; SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM; CYTOKININ BIOSYNTHESIS; REGULATORY NETWORK; WALL FORMATION; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEINS; LEAF; HOMEODOMAIN; EXPRESSION AB KNOX genes were initially found as shoot meristem regulators in angiosperms. Recent studies in diverse plant lineages however, have revealed the divergence of KNOX gene function during the evolution of diploid body plans. Using genomic approaches, class I KNOX transcription factors have been shown to regulate multiple hormone pathways including auxin and brassinosteroid as well as many transcription factors that play important roles in plant development. Class I KNOX proteins appear to be activators, whereas class II proteins act as repressors in transcriptional regulation of their target genes. C1 [Tsuda, Katsutoshi; Hake, Sarah] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, USDA ARS, Plant & Microbial Biol Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hake, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, USDA ARS, Plant & Microbial Biol Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hake@berkeley.edu FU NIFA [2012-67014-19429]; JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad FX This work was supported by NIFA Grant 2012-67014-19429 (to SH) and JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad (to KT). NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 12 U2 36 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5266 EI 1879-0356 J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 27 BP 91 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.pbi.2015.06.015 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV4QN UT WOS:000364251700014 PM 26190742 ER PT J AU McQuinn, RP Giovannoni, JJ Pogson, BJ AF McQuinn, Ryan P. Giovannoni, James J. Pogson, Barry J. TI More than meets the eye: from carotenoid biosynthesis, to new insights into apocarotenoid signaling SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ISOPENTENYL DIPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; PHYTOENE SYNTHASE; BETA-CAROTENE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; ZETA-CAROTENE; CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE; FRUIT-DEVELOPMENT; COLOR MUTATIONS; GENE FAMILY AB Carotenoids are a class of isoprenoids synthesized almost exclusively in plants involved in a myriad of roles including the provision of flower and fruit pigmentation for the attraction of pollinators and seed dispersing organisms. While carotenoids are essential throughout plant development, they are also extremely important in human diets providing necessary nutrition and aiding in the prevention of various cancers, age-related diseases and macular degeneration. Utilization of multiple plant models systems (i.e. Arabidopsis; maize; and tomato) has provided a comprehensive framework detailing the regulation of carotenogenesis throughout plant development covering all levels of genetic regulation from epigenetic to post-translational modifications. That said, the understanding of how carotenoids self-regulate remains fragmented. Recent reports demonstrate the potential influence of carotenoid-cleavage products (apocarotenoids) as signaling molecules regulating carotenoid biosynthesis in addition to various aspects of plants development (i.e. leaf and root development). This review highlights recent advances in carotenogenic regulation and insights into potential roles of novel apocarotenoids in plants. C1 [McQuinn, Ryan P.; Pogson, Barry J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Plant Energ, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Pogson, BJ (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Plant Energ, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM Barry.Pogson@anu.edu.au RI Pogson, Barry/C-9953-2009 OI Pogson, Barry/0000-0003-1869-2423 NR 59 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 12 U2 47 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5266 EI 1879-0356 J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 27 BP 172 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.pbi.2015.06.020 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV4QN UT WOS:000364251700025 PM 26302169 ER PT J AU Clark, SL Schlarbaum, SE Schweitzer, CJ AF Clark, Stacy L. Schlarbaum, Scott E. Schweitzer, Callie J. TI Effects of Visual Grading on Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra L.) Seedlings Planted in Two Shelterwood Stands on the Cumberland Plateau of Tennessee, USA SO Forests LA English DT Article DE artificial regeneration; competitive ability; dominance; midstory removal; planting shock; seedling quality; shelterwood harvest; stem dieback ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; ARTIFICIAL REGENERATION; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; FIELD PERFORMANCE; DECIDUOUS FORESTS; FUTURE STOCKING; CENTRAL ONTARIO; ROOT; REPRODUCTION; HYPOTHESIS AB Artificial regeneration of oak has been generally unsuccessful in maintaining the oak component in productive upland forests of eastern North America. We tested visual grading effects on quality-grown northern red oak (Quercus rubra) seedlings planted in two submesic stands on the Cumberland Plateau escarpment of Tennessee, USA. Seedlings were grown for one year using advanced fertilization and irrigation protocols to increase overall size of seedlings, but large variability in size was still evident. Seedlings were divided into two grades prior to planting. The standard grade represented seedlings that had undergone a light culling, and the premium grade represented the highest quality seedlings. Seven years after planting in a midstory-removal stand, 50 percent of trees survived, growth was negligible, and seedling grade had no effect on survival and yearly growth. In a shelterwood harvest stand, premium grade seedlings had taller height and larger basal diameter (BD) (241 cm and 29.5 mm, respectively) compared to standard seedlings (201 cm and 25.9 mm, respectively), and a two-year height growth advantage was achieved by planting premium grade compared to standard grade seedlings. Competitive ability and planting shock were similar between grades, and we postulate that an exceptional drought and large size variability in both grades equalized response. While our findings should be confirmed through additional testing, they suggest currently accepted seedling quality standards for northern red oak should be refined to improve regeneration efforts on productive sites in the eastern United States. C1 [Clark, Stacy L.] Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Schlarbaum, Scott E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Schweitzer, Callie J.] Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. RP Clark, SL (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Rm 274 Ellington Plant Sci Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM stacyclark@fs.fed.us; tenntip@utk.edu; cschweitzer@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; University of Tennessee, Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station FX This research was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; and the University of Tennessee, Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station. We thank the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency for providing land and implementing silvicultural treatments, as well providing professional expertise. In particular, Joe Elkins, Wildlife Manager II, was instrumental in implementing and maintaining this study. We thank the Georgia Forestry Commission for assistance in growing quality seedlings. The USDA Forest Service, Southern Region allowed access to experimental material. Field work and data collection was greatly appreciated and was conducted by University of Tennessee personnel: Lucas Allen, Tracy Binder, David Griffin, Brian Hughett, John Johnson, Jay Messer, and Ami Sharp. Ryan Sisk and Nathan Brown, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, also assisted in establishing the plantings. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD OCT PY 2015 VL 6 IS 10 BP 3779 EP 3798 DI 10.3390/f6103779 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV4IQ UT WOS:000364230800021 ER PT J AU Xu, CP Mou, BQ AF Xu, Chenping Mou, Beiquan TI Evaluation of Lettuce Genotypes for Salinity Tolerance SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Lactuca sativa; breeding; chlorophyll index ID SALT TOLERANCE; VEGETABLES; CROPS AB Lettuce is one of the most commonly used salad vegetables and considered to be a relatively salt-sensitive crop. Salinity is a major constraint to crop production in all important lettuce growing regions of the United States, and the water quality problem is exacerbated by climate change. To identify salt-tolerant lettuce genotypes, 178 cultivars and germplasm accessions (56 butterhead, 39 crisphead, 35 romaine, 33 leaf, and 15 wild types) were selected from a preliminary screening of more than 3800 genotypes, and tested for salinity tolerance in sand cultures under greenhouse conditions. Plants were grown in Hoagland nutrient solution, either with or without 30/15 mM NaCl/CaCl2, and leaf fresh and dry mass (FM and DM), chlorophyll index, and maximal photochemical efficiency (F-v/F-m) were measured 4 weeks after plants were transplanted. Generally, salinity decreased lettuce shoot FM and DM, increased DM/FM ratio and chlorophyll index, and had no effect on F-v/F-m. Some lettuce varieties showed salt tolerance (less than 15% reduction in FM), such as PI 342515, PI 358020c, 'Morgana', 'Amerika' (butterhead), 'Laura' (crisphead), PI 289023, PI 273577, PI 278066, PI 177425 (romaine), PI 171676a, PI 177423, PI 342477, and PI 358018b (leaf). The results indicate that lettuce genotypes differ greatly in their salt sensitivity, which could be useful for growers to choose cultivars and for breeders to improve lettuce adaptation to salinity stress. C1 [Xu, Chenping; Mou, Beiquan] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Mou, BQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1636 East Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM beiquan.mou@ars.usda.gov FU California Department of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant Program [SCB13047] FX This research was supported by a grant from the California Department of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant Program (SCB13047). The technical assistance of Phi Diep and critical review by Renee Eriksen are greatly appreciated. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 15 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2015 VL 50 IS 10 BP 1441 EP 1446 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CV6BN UT WOS:000364355800006 ER PT J AU Beirn, LA Meyer, WA Clarke, BB Crouch, JA AF Beirn, Lisa A. Meyer, William A. Clarke, Bruce B. Crouch, Jo Anne TI A Greenhouse-based Inoculation Protocol for Fungi Causing Crown Rust and Stem Rust Diseases of Kentucky Bluegrass Turf SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE infectivity; Poa pratensis; Puccinia coronata; Puecinia graminis ID RYEGRASS SEED CROPS; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; TALL FESCUE; RESISTANCE; ENVIRONMENTS; DURATION; OAT AB Rusts are destructive fungal diseases that can cause severe thinning and unattractive discoloration of kentucky bluegrass (KBG; Poa pratensis L.). Currently, turfgrass breeding programs rely on field evaluations to screen KBG germplasm for rust resistance; methods that are expensive, labor intensive, and require large turf areas. The availability of a greenhouse-based assay to perform prescreening of KBG germplasm for resistance to rust diseases before field trials would allow breeders to remove the poorest performing plants before field evaluations thus enhancing breeding efficiency. In this study, we set out to develop a reliable, low-cost greenhouse inoculation protocol for the two most common rust pathogens of KBG in temperate growing regions: Puccinia coronata and Puccinia graminis, the causal agents of crown and stem rust, respectively. Using a modified inoculation assay and custom-built plexi-glass chambers adapted from protocols used for cereal rust pathogens, urediniospores of crown and stem rust fungi developed on inoculated plants 10 to 14 days postinoculation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, disease symptomology, and morphology of urediniospores confirmed the presence and identity of both rust pathogens from inoculated host tissue. The inoculation protocols described here represent an effective method to accelerate screening of KBG germplasm for resistance to crown and stem rust diseases. Infection of KBG plants in the greenhouse will also allow breeders to maintain populations of crown and stem rust fungi throughout the year, providing a reliable and ongoing source of pathogen inoculum for experimentation and screening in the future. C1 [Beirn, Lisa A.; Meyer, William A.; Clarke, Bruce B.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Crouch, Jo Anne] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Crouch, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM JoAnne.Crouch@ars.usda.gov OI Crouch, Jo Anne/0000-0001-6886-8090 FU Rutgers Center for Turfgrass Science; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA); USDA Agricultural Research Service FX Funding for this research was provided by the Rutgers Center for Turfgrass Science, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the USDA Agricultural Research Service. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2015 VL 50 IS 10 BP 1509 EP 1513 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CV6BN UT WOS:000364355800016 ER PT J AU Meerow, AW Ayala-Silva, T Irish, BM AF Meerow, Alan W. Ayala-Silva, Tomas Irish, Brian M. TI Lagerstroemia speciosa 'Big Pink': An Improved Pink-flowered Queen's Crape Myrtle SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Lythraceae; flowering tree; tropical shrubs; ornamentals; nursery; landscape C1 [Meerow, Alan W.; Ayala-Silva, Tomas] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Irish, Brian M.] USDA ARS, TARS, Natl Germplasm Repository, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. RP Meerow, AW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM alan.meerow@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2015 VL 50 IS 10 BP 1593 EP 1594 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CV6BN UT WOS:000364355800032 ER PT J AU Scott, JB Gent, DH Hay, FS Pethybridge, SJ AF Scott, Jason B. Gent, David H. Hay, Frank S. Pethybridge, Sarah J. TI Estimation of Pyrethrum Flower Number Using Digital Imagery SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE remote sensing; sample size; spatial variability; yield estimation; image analysis; Tanacetum cinerariifolium ID TANACETUM-CINERARIIFOLIUM; RAY BLIGHT; YIELD; MANAGEMENT; DISEASE; ACHENES; POLLEN; FIELDS; SOIL AB Flower number is the primary determinant of yield in pyrethrum (Tanacetum cineariifolium). Traditional estimates of flower numbers use physical harvesting of flowers, which is time consuming, destructive, and complicated. The precision of flower number estimates may be highly influenced by spatial heterogeneity of plant density and vigor. Here, we examined the potential for digital image analysis to enable rapid, nondestructive assessment of flower number. This technique involved removal of pixels with color profiles not typical of the disc florets of pyrethrum. Particle counting was then performed using defined size and shape parameters to estimate flower numbers. Estimates of flower number based on image analyses were correlated with physical harvests of flowers, with estimates representing about an average of 32% of total flower numbers present within a sampling unit. This relationship was consistent across all observed flower densities. Covariate analysis indicated that occurrences of crop lodging and over mature flower canopies had significant, detrimental effects on system predictions. Pyrethrum flowers were spatially aggregated within fields with the degree of aggregation greatest at the lowest flower densities. Based on modeled flower distributions, eight quadrats (0.49-m(2) sampling unit) were sufficient to achieve a cv of 0.1 in a 600-m(2) plot area in all but the lowest flower densities. The utility of this approach for biomass assessment in pyrethrum and other Compositae is discussed. C1 [Scott, Jason B.] Univ Tasmania, Tasmanian Inst Agr, Burnie, Tas 7320, Australia. [Gent, David H.] Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gent, David H.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hay, Frank S.; Pethybridge, Sarah J.] Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Sect Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Scott, JB (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Tasmanian Inst Agr, POB 3523, Burnie, Tas 7320, Australia. EM Jason.Scott@utas.edu.au RI Scott, Jason/D-4553-2011; Scott, Jason/C-2395-2014 OI Scott, Jason/0000-0001-9443-4384; Scott, Jason/0000-0001-9443-4384 FU Botanical Resources Australia Agricultural Services Pty. Ltd. FX We thank Craig Palmer for technical assistance in the field and Botanical Resources Australia Agricultural Services Pty. Ltd. for funding. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD OCT PY 2015 VL 25 IS 5 BP 617 EP 624 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CV4UO UT WOS:000364262200003 ER PT J AU Yang, LM Fountain, JC Wang, H Ni, XZ Ji, PS Lee, RD Kemerait, RC Scully, BT Guo, BZ AF Yang, Liming Fountain, Jake C. Wang, Hui Ni, Xinzhi Ji, Pingsheng Lee, Robert D. Kemerait, Robert C. Scully, Brian T. Guo, Baozhu TI Stress Sensitivity Is Associated with Differential Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Maize Genotypes with Contrasting Levels of Drought Tolerance SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE maize seedlings; drought stress; reactive oxygen species; reactive nitrogen species ID PREHARVEST AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; APOPLASTIC OXIDATIVE BURST; NITRIC-OXIDE; INBRED LINES; CELL-DEATH; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GUARD-CELLS; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE; PROTEOMICS ANALYSIS AB Drought stress decreases crop growth, yield, and can further exacerbate pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination. Tolerance and adaptation to drought stress is an important trait of agricultural crops like maize. However, maize genotypes with contrasting drought tolerances have been shown to possess both common and genotype-specific adaptations to cope with drought stress. In this research, the physiological and metabolic response patterns in the leaves of maize seedlings subjected to drought stress were investigated using six maize genotypes including: A638, B73, Grace-E5, Lo964, Lo1016, and Va35. During drought treatments, drought-sensitive maize seedlings displayed more severe symptoms such as chlorosis and wilting, exhibited significant decreases in photosynthetic parameters, and accumulated significantly more reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) than tolerant genotypes. Sensitive genotypes also showed rapid increases in enzyme activities involved in ROS and RNS metabolism. However, the measured antioxidant enzyme activities were higher in the tolerant genotypes than in the sensitive genotypes in which increased rapidly following drought stress. The results suggest that drought stress causes differential responses to oxidative and nitrosative stress in maize genotypes with tolerant genotypes with slower reaction and less ROS and RNS production than sensitive ones. These differential patterns may be utilized as potential biological markers for use in marker assisted breeding. C1 [Yang, Liming; Guo, Baozhu] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Yang, Liming; Fountain, Jake C.; Wang, Hui; Ji, Pingsheng; Kemerait, Robert C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Yang, Liming] Huaiyin Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Huaian 223300, Peoples R China. [Ni, Xinzhi] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Lee, Robert D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Scully, Brian T.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Guo, BZ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM yanglm@uga.edu; jfount1@uga.edu; huixu@uga.edu; xinzhi.ni@ars.usda.gov; pji@uga.edu; deweylee@uga.edu; kemerait@uga.edu; brian.scully@ars.usda.gov; baozhu.guo@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Corn; AMCOE (Aflatoxin Mitigation Center of Excellence); Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province FX We would like to thank Billy Wilson, Frank Lin, and Joseph Harnage for technical assistance in the greenhouse and laboratory. This work is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), the Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Corn, AMCOE (Aflatoxin Mitigation Center of Excellence), and Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 102 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 11 U2 23 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-0067 J9 INT J MOL SCI JI Int. J. Mol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 16 IS 10 BP 24791 EP 24819 DI 10.3390/ijms161024791 PG 29 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA CV4JD UT WOS:000364232100089 PM 26492235 ER PT J AU Nourani, V Fard, AF Niazi, F Gupta, HV Goodrich, DC Kamran, KV AF Nourani, Vahid Fard, Ahmad Fakheri Niazi, Faegheh Gupta, Hoshin V. Goodrich, David C. Kamran, Khalil Valizadeh TI Implication of remotely sensed data to incorporate land cover effect into a linear reservoir-based rainfall-runoff model SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Geomorphology based rainfall-runoff modeling; Remote sensing; NDVI; Land use/cover; Linear reservoir; La Terraza watershed ID INSTANTANEOUS UNIT-HYDROGRAPH; RIVER-BASIN; VEGETATION INDEXES; URBANIZATION; NDVI; CALIBRATION; FLOW; VALIDATION; WATERSHEDS; PARAMETERS AB This study investigates the effect of land use on the Geomorphological Cascade of Unequal linear Reservoirs (GCUR) model using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from remotely sensed data as a measure of land use. The proposed modeling has two important aspects: it considers the effects of both watershed geomorphology and land use/cover, and it requires only one parameter to be estimated through the use of observed rainfall-runoff data. Geographic Information System (GIS) tools are employed to determine the parameters associated with watershed geomorphology, and the Vegetation Index parameter is extracted from historical Landsat images. The modeling is applied via three formulations to a watershed located in Southeastern Arizona, which consists of two gaged sub-watersheds with different land uses. The results show that while all of the formulations generate forecasts of the basin outlet hydrographs with acceptable accuracy, only the two formulations that consider the effects of land cover (using NDVI) provide acceptable results at the outlets of the sub-watersheds. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nourani, Vahid] Univ Tabriz, Dept Water Resources Engn, Fac Civil Engn, Tabriz, Iran. [Fard, Ahmad Fakheri; Niazi, Faegheh] Univ Tabriz, Dept Water Engn, Fac Agr, Tabriz, Iran. [Gupta, Hoshin V.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Goodrich, David C.] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Kamran, Khalil Valizadeh] Univ Tabriz, Fac Geog & Planning, Dept Remote Sensing & GIS, Tabriz, Iran. RP Nourani, V (reprint author), Univ Tabriz, Dept Water Resources Engn, Fac Civil Engn, Tabriz, Iran. EM vnourani@yahoo.com RI Gupta, Hoshin/D-1642-2010 OI Gupta, Hoshin/0000-0001-9855-2839 FU University of Tabriz FX This paper was supported by a research Grant of the University of Tabriz. Our special thanks go to Jeffrey R. Kennedy at USGS in Tucson, Arizona, who provided a useful collection of data related to the study area. Also the useful helps of Hadi Delafrouz in GCUR model programming are appreciated. We would also like thank the University of Arizona that provided the opportunity of a research visit for the third author. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 529 BP 94 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.07.020 PN 1 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA CV4PK UT WOS:000364248800008 ER PT J AU Park, Y Pachepsky, YA Cho, KH Jeon, DJ Kim, JH AF Park, Yongeun Pachepsky, Yakov A. Cho, Kyung Hwa Jeon, Dong Jin Kim, Joon Ha TI Stressor-response modeling using the 2D water quality model and regression trees to predict chlorophyll-a in a reservoir system SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stressor-response; Machine learning; Temperature sensitivity; Chlorophyll-a ID FRESH-WATER; PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; YEONGSAN RESERVOIR; LAKE TAIHU; PHOSPHORUS; KOREA; EUTROPHICATION; CYANOBACTERIA; NITROGEN AB To control algal blooms, the stressor-response relationships between water quality metrics, environmental variables, and algal growth need to be better understood and modeled. Machine-learning methods have been suggested as means to express the stressor-response relationships that are found when applying mechanistic water quality models. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of regression trees in the development of a stressor-response model for chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations, using the results from site-specific mechanistic water quality modeling. The 2-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model (CE-QUAL-W2) model was applied to simulate water quality using four-year observational data and additional scenarios of air temperature increases for the Yeongsan Reservoir in South Korea. Regression tree modeling was applied to the results of these simulations. Given the well-expressed seasonality in the simulated Chl-a dynamics, separate regression trees were developed for months from May to September. The regression trees provided a reasonably accurate representation of the stressor-response dependence generated by the CE-QUAL-W2 model. Different stressors were then selected as split variables for different months, and, in most cases, splits by the same stressor variable yielded the same correlation sign between the variable and the Chl-a concentration. Compared to physical variables, nutrient content appeared to better predict Chl-a responses. The highest Chl-a temperature sensitivities were found for May and June. Regression tree splits based on ammonium concentration resulted in a consistent trend of greater sensitivity in the groups of samples with higher ammonium concentrations. Regression tree models provided a transparent visual representation of the stressor-response relationships for Chl-a and its sensitivity. Overall, the representation of relationships using classification and regression tools can be considered a useful approach to assess the state of aquatic ecosystems and effectively determine significant stressor variables. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Park, Yongeun; Pachepsky, Yakov A.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cho, Kyung Hwa] Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Urban & Environm Engn, Ulsan 689798, South Korea. [Jeon, Dong Jin; Kim, Joon Ha] Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Gwangju 500712, South Korea. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Gwangju 500712, South Korea. EM joonkim@gist.ac.kr OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090; Park, Yongeun/0000-0002-1959-0843 FU Korean Ministry of Environment FX This research was supported by the Korean Ministry of Environment; "The Eco-innovation Project: Non-point source pollution control research group." The authors are also grateful to the Korea Rural Community Corporation, the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), and the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) for permitting use of their data. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 529 BP 805 EP 815 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.09.002 PN 3 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA CV4PR UT WOS:000364249500010 ER PT J AU Gillies, RR Chung, OY Wang, SYS DeRose, RJ Sun, Y AF Gillies, Robert R. Chung, Oi-Yu Wang, S. -Y. Simon DeRose, R. Justin Sun, Yan TI Added value from 576 years of tree-ring records in the prediction of the Great Salt Lake level SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Great Salt Lake; Drought; Water; Tree-ring; Forecast ID RIVER STREAMFLOW; VARIABILITY; RECONSTRUCTION; UTAH AB Predicting lake level fluctuations of the Great Salt Lake (GSL) in Utah the largest terminal salt-water lake in the Western Hemisphere is critical from many perspectives. The GSL integrates both climate and hydrological variations within the region and is particularly sensitive to low-frequency climate cycles. Since most hydroclimate variable records cover less than a century, forecasting the predominant yet under-represented decadal variability of the GSL level with such relatively short instrumental records poses a challenge. To overcome data limitations, this study assesses two options: (1) developing a model using the observational GSL elevation record of 137 years to predict itself; (2) incorporating the recently reconstructed GSL elevation that utilized 576 years worth of tree-ring records into the predictive model. It was found that the statistical models that combined the tree-ring reconstructed data with the observed data outperformed those that did not, in terms of reducing the root mean squared errors. Such predictive models can serve as a means toward practical water risk management. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gillies, Robert R.; Chung, Oi-Yu; Wang, S. -Y. Simon] Utah State Univ, Utah Climate Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Gillies, Robert R.; Wang, S. -Y. Simon] Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [DeRose, R. Justin] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT USA. [Sun, Yan] Utah State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Gillies, RR (reprint author), 4825 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Robert.Gillies@usu.edu FU WaterSMART [R13AC80039, NNX13AC37G]; Utah State University Agricultural Experiment Station FX Support coming from grants WaterSMART R13AC80039, NNX13AC37G, and the Utah State University Agricultural Experiment Station is appreciated. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 529 BP 962 EP 968 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.08.058 PN 3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA CV4PR UT WOS:000364249500022 ER PT J AU Mallinger, RE Werts, P Gratton, C AF Mallinger, Rachel E. Werts, Peter Gratton, Claudio TI Pesticide use within a pollinator-dependent crop has negative effects on the abundance and species richness of sweat bees, Lasioglossum spp., and on bumble bee colony growth SO JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Toxicity; Native bee; Bombus; Apple; Orchard; Pest management; Organic ID LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; APIS-MELLIFERA; WILD BEES; LANDSCAPE COMPOSITION; FORAGING RANGES; OSMIA-LIGNARIA; HONEY-BEES; FRUIT-SET; HYMENOPTERA; APIDAE AB Pesticides are implicated in current bee declines. Wild bees that nest or forage within agroecosystems may be exposed to numerous pesticides applied throughout their life cycles, with potential additive or synergistic effects. In pollinator-dependent crops, pesticides may reduce bee populations, creating trade-offs between pest management and crop pollination. In this three-year study, we examined the effects of pesticides on the abundance and species richness of wild bees within apple orchards of southern Wisconsin. We additionally deployed colonies of Bombus impatiens, a native and common species, in order to relate colony performance to orchard pesticide use. Utilizing grower spray records, we developed "toxicity scores" as a continuous index of pesticide use for each orchard, a measure that incorporated each pesticide's relative toxicity to bees, its residual activity, and its application rate. While there was no relationship between total wild bee abundance and species richness with toxicity scores, there was a significant, negative effect on sweat bees, Lasioglossum spp. Many of these sweat bees are small-bodied, have short foraging ranges, are social, and have long foraging periods, all traits that could increase bee exposure or sensitivity to orchard pesticides. In addition, sentinel bumble bee colonies at orchards with high toxicity scores produced fewer, and smaller, workers. Bumble bees may also have a greater sensitivity and exposure to orchard pesticides due to their sociality and long foraging periods. Our results demonstrate that certain bee taxa may have a higher exposure or sensitivity to on-farm pesticide applications, and could therefore be vulnerable in agroecosystems. C1 [Mallinger, Rachel E.; Gratton, Claudio] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Werts, Peter] IPM Inst North Amer Inc, Madison, WI USA. [Mallinger, Rachel E.] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Mallinger, RE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM rachel.mallinger@gmail.com FU Wisconsin Apple Growers Association; United States Department of Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant FX The authors would like to thank Mike Arduser and Jason Gibbs for assistance in identifying bees, Dr. Tom Green for his expertise and helpful comments, The Wisconsin Apple Growers Association, and the United States Department of Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant Program for funding. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 14 U2 58 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1366-638X EI 1572-9753 J9 J INSECT CONSERV JI J. Insect Conserv. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 19 IS 5 BP 999 EP 1010 DI 10.1007/s10841-015-9816-z PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA CV8IM UT WOS:000364526700016 ER PT J AU Groover, A AF Groover, Andrew TI Genomic science provides new insights into the biology of forest trees SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE adaptation; climate change; forest trees; population genomics; sequencing; tree genomics C1 [Groover, Andrew] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Groover, Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Groover, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM agroover@fs.fed.us NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 208 IS 2 BP 302 EP 305 DI 10.1111/nph.13651 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CW0BN UT WOS:000364654200003 PM 26382190 ER PT J AU Zhang, QR Nachman, RJ Denlinger, DL AF Zhang, Qirui Nachman, Ronald J. Denlinger, David L. TI Diapause hormone in the Helicoverpa/Heliothis complex: A review of gene expression, peptide structure and activity, analog and antagonist development, and the receptor SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Review DE Insect diapause; Diapause hormone; Gene expression; Diapause termination; Structure activity relationship; Analogs development; Diapause prevention; Receptor ID BIOSYNTHESIS-ACTIVATING NEUROPEPTIDE; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; CORN-EARWORM; BOMBYX-MORI; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; PUPAL DIAPAUSE; PROTHORACICOTROPIC HORMONE; FXPRLAMIDE NEUROPEPTIDES; SUBESOPHAGEAL GANGLION; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS AB This review summarizes recent studies focusing on diapause hormone (DH) in the Helicoverpa/Heliothis complex of agricultural pests. Moths in this complex overwinter in pupal diapause, a form of developmental arrest used to circumvent unfavorable seasons. DH was originally reported in the silkmoth Bombyx mori, a species that relies on DH to induce an embryonic diapause. But, in the case of Helicoverpa/Heliothis, levels of dh transcripts and DH peptides are more abundant in nondiapausing pupae than in diapausing individuals, and DH effectively terminates diapause within a specific temperature range. A structure activity relationship study indicated that the active core of DH is the C-terminal hepta-peptide, LWFGPRLa. We designed and synthesized a first generation of DH agonists and identified two agonists (PK-2Abf and PK-Etz) that were nearly 50- and 13-fold more potent than the native hormone. These studies revealed two structural characteristics of DH and its agonists that are essential for interaction with the receptor: a trans-Pro configuration to form a type I p-turn and a hydrophobic moiety involved in ligand binding. Modification of DH at the active core yielded a potent DH antagonist (DH-Jo, acetyl-GLWA[Jo]RLa) as well as an agonist (DH-2Abf-K). Three compounds (Decyl-1963, Dodecyl-1967, Heptyl-1965) were identified as agents capable of penetrating the cuticle of young pupae and thereby preventing the entry into diapause. DH receptor cDNA was cloned and an effective in vitro high throughput screen system was established for future use. This work sets the stage for further development of DH analogs and antagonists that have the potential to disrupt insect diapause as a tool for pest management. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zhang, Qirui; Denlinger, David L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Zhang, Qirui; Denlinger, David L.] Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA ARS, Inst Control & Cotton Dis Res Unit, Southern Pl Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Nachman, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Inst Control & Cotton Dis Res Unit, Southern Pl Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Nachman@tamu.edu; denlinger.1@osu.edu OI Zhang, Qirui/0000-0002-2749-9740 FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), United States Department of Agriculture, most recently USDA-NIFA [2015-67013-23416] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), United States Department of Agriculture, most recently USDA-NIFA Grant No. 2015-67013-23416. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 EI 1873-5169 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD OCT PY 2015 VL 72 BP 196 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.05.005 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA CW0SO UT WOS:000364699900030 PM 26032331 ER PT J AU Wolfenbarger, SN Twomey, MC Gadoury, DM Knaus, BJ Grunwald, NJ Gent, DH AF Wolfenbarger, S. N. Twomey, M. C. Gadoury, D. M. Knaus, B. J. Gruenwald, N. J. Gent, D. H. TI Identification and distribution of mating-type idiomorphs in populations of Podosphaera macularis and development of chasmothecia of the fungus SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chasmothecia; cleistothecia; hop; Humulus lupulus; Podosphaera macularis; powdery mildew ID GRAPE POWDERY MILDEW; UNCINULA-NECATOR; NEW-YORK; HOP; CLEISTOTHECIA; INITIATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ENVIRONMENT; STRAWBERRY; DISPERSAL AB Podosphaera macularis, the causal agent of hop powdery mildew, is known to produce chasmothecia (formerly cleistothecia) in eastern North America and Europe. Ascocarps have not yet been reported from the Pacific Northwestern region of North America. Reasons for the apparent absence of chasmothecia in the Pacific Northwest were unknown. This study established that P. macularis is heterothallic and ascocarp ontogeny, maturation, dehiscence and ascospore infection proceed similarly to other powdery mildew fungi. Genome sequencing of a MAT1-1 isolate revealed the structure of the MAT1 locus and presence of MAT1-1-3, demonstrating further similarities to other powdery mildew fungi. PCR assays with primers designed from conserved domains of the MAT1 idiomorphs were developed to characterize the frequency of idiomorphs in populations of P. macularis. Amongst 317 samples of P. macularis collected during 2012 and 2013 from the Pacific Northwest only the MAT1-1 idiomorph was found. In contrast, among 56 samples from the eastern United States and Europe, MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs were detected at equivalent frequencies. At temperatures representative of late season conditions in the Pacific Northwest, chasmothecia formed readily when a Pacific Northwest MAT1-1 isolate was paired with a MAT1-2 isolate collected from outside the region. Although these findings do not encompass all climatic, geographic or temporal barriers that could inhibit the formation of chasmothecia, the current absence of the ascigerious stage of P. macularis in the Pacific Northwest could be explained by the absence of the MAT1-2 mating type idiomorph. C1 [Wolfenbarger, S. N.; Twomey, M. C.; Gruenwald, N. J.; Gent, D. H.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gadoury, D. M.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol Sect, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Knaus, B. J.; Gruenwald, N. J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crop Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Gent, D. H.] USDA ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Gent, DH (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM gentd@onid.orst.edu OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-046-00D]; Hop Research Council; Washington State Commission on Pesticide Registrations; Oregon Hop Commission FX Financial support was provided by USDA-ARS CRIS 5358-21000-046-00D, the Hop Research Council, Washington State Commission on Pesticide Registrations, and the Oregon Hop Commission. The authors thank Jason Scott and Lindsey Thiessen for their suggestions and comments that improved this paper. They also thank Marin Brewer for assistance in trouble-shooting PCR assays, Nanci Adair for her excellent technical support of this project, and Susan Haig for the construction of the Illumina library. The documentation of chasmothecia ontogeny was possible thanks to Mary-Jean Welser. The authors are also thankful to the many people who provided powdery mildew samples and DNA for this project: Stephen Massie, Josef Patzak, Sebastjan Radisek, Charlie Rowher and Elisabeth Seigner. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-0862 EI 1365-3059 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 64 IS 5 BP 1094 EP 1102 DI 10.1111/ppa.12344 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CV9CT UT WOS:000364585600010 ER PT J AU Lei, FN Crow, WT Shen, HF Parinussa, RM Holmes, TRH AF Lei, Fangni Crow, Wade T. Shen, Huanfeng Parinussa, Robert M. Holmes, Thomas R. H. TI The Impact of Local Acquisition Time on the Accuracy of Microwave Surface Soil Moisture Retrievals over the Contiguous United States SO Remote Sensing LA English DT Article DE remote sensing; soil moisture; acquisition time; retrieval algorithm; data merging ID TRIPLE COLLOCATION; GLOBAL-SCALE; L-BAND; AMSR-E; SMOS; ERRORS; LAND; TEMPERATURE; VEGETATION; GRASS AB Satellite-derived soil moisture products have become an important data source for the study of land surface processes and related applications. For satellites with sun-synchronous orbits, these products are typically derived separately for ascending and descending overpasses with different local acquisition times. Moreover, diurnal variations in land surface conditions, and the extent to which they are accurately characterized in retrieval algorithms, lead to distinct systematic and random error characteristics in ascending versus descending soil moisture products. Here, we apply two independent evaluation techniques (triple collocation and direct comparison against sparse ground-based observations) to quantify (correlation-based) accuracy differences in satellite-derived surface soil moisture acquired at different local acquisition times. The orbits from different satellites are separated into two overpass categories: AM (12:00 a.m. to 11:59 a.m. Local Solar Time) and PM (12:00 p.m. to 11:59 p.m. Local Solar Time). Results demonstrate how patterns in the accuracy of AM versus PM retrieval products obtained from a variety of active and passive microwave satellite sensors vary according to land cover and across satellite products with different local acquisition times. C1 [Lei, Fangni; Shen, Huanfeng] Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Lei, Fangni; Crow, Wade T.; Holmes, Thomas R. H.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Parinussa, Robert M.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Water Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Holmes, Thomas R. H.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20705 USA. RP Lei, FN (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. EM leifangni@whu.edu.cn; Wade.Crow@ars.usda.gov; shenhf@whu.edu.cn; r.parinussa@unsw.edu.au; Thomas.Holmes@ars.usda.gov FU Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) [201406270032] FX This work was partially supported by Wade T. Crow's membership on the NASA Soil Moisture Active/Passive mission science team and the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC No. 201406270032). The authors wish to acknowledge the contribution of Alexander Gruber in the Vienna University of Technology providing ASCAT dataset and constructive guidance. The authors would like to thank Fan Chen from USDA Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory for processing SCAN and USCRN ground-based measurements. The authors would also like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 7 IS 10 BP 13448 EP 13465 DI 10.3390/rs71013448 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA CV5RK UT WOS:000364328600040 ER PT J AU Zhao, F Guo, YQ Huang, YB Verhoef, W van der Tol, C Dai, B Liu, LY Zhao, HJ Liu, G AF Zhao, Feng Guo, Yiqing Huang, Yanbo Verhoef, Wout van der Tol, Christiaan Dai, Bo Liu, Liangyun Zhao, Huijie Liu, Guang TI Quantitative Estimation of Fluorescence Parameters for Crop Leaves with Bayesian Inversion SO Remote Sensing LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll fluorescence; FluorMODleaf; model inversion; Bayesian approach; hyperspectral remote sensing; radiative transfer ID INDUCED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; BRDF MODEL INVERSION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; STRESS DETECTION; LEAF; REFLECTANCE; EMISSION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; TEMPERATURE; GLYPHOSATE AB In this study, backward and forward fluorescence radiance within the emission spectrum of 640-850 nm were measured for leaves of soybean, cotton, peanut and wheat using a hyperspectral spectroradiometer coupled with an integration sphere. Fluorescence parameters of crop leaves were retrieved from the leaf hyperspectral measurements by inverting the FluorMODleaf model, a leaf-level fluorescence model able to simulate chlorophyll fluorescence spectra for both sides of leaves. This model is based on the widely used and validated PROSPECT (leaf optical properties) model. Firstly, a sensitivity analysis of the FluorMODleaf model was performed to identify and quantify influential parameters to assist the strategy for the inversion. Implementation of the Extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (EFAST) method showed that the leaf chlorophyll content and the fluorescence lifetimes of photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) were the most sensitive parameters among all eight inputs of the FluorMODleaf model. Based on results of sensitivity analysis, the FluorMODleaf model was inverted using the leaf fluorescence spectra measured from both sides of crop leaves. In order to achieve stable inversion results, the Bayesian inference theory was applied. The relative absorption cross section of PSI and PSII and the fluorescence lifetimes of PSI and PSII of the FluorMODleaf model were retrieved with the Bayesian inversion approach. Results showed that the coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) between the fluorescence signal reconstructed from the inverted fluorescence parameters and measured in the experiment were 0.96 and 3.14 x 10-6 W m-2. sr-l nm-1, respectively, for backward fluorescence, and 0.92 and 3.84 x 10' W.m-2. sr-1.nm-1 for forward fluorescence. Based on results, the inverted values of the fluorescence parameters were analyzed, and the potential of this method was investigated. C1 [Zhao, Feng; Guo, Yiqing; Dai, Bo; Zhao, Huijie] Beihang Univ, Sch Instrumentat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. [Huang, Yanbo] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Verhoef, Wout; van der Tol, Christiaan] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Liu, Liangyun; Liu, Guang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, F (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Instrumentat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. EM zhaofeng@buaa.edu.cn; yguo_buaa@163.com; Yanbo.Huang@ars.usda.gov; w.verhoef@utwente.nl; c.vandertol@utwente.nl; daibo_2007@163.com; liuly@radi.ac.cn; hjzhao@buaa.edu.cn; liuguang@radi.ac.cn RI Liu, Liangyun/D-9891-2016; van der Tol, Christiaan/A-2403-2010 OI Liu, Liangyun/0000-0002-7987-037X; van der Tol, Christiaan/0000-0002-2484-8191 FU Chinese Natural Science Foundation [41371325] FX This work is supported by the Chinese Natural Science Foundation under Project 41371325. Thanks go to Xu Dai and Peng Zhang for their assistance during the experiment. The authors are grateful to Yves Goulas, Roberto Pedros, and Fabrice Daumard, for providing the codes of the FluorMODleaf model and helpful comments. Feng Zhao would like to express his appreciation for the assistance given by E.L. Butt-Castro (Tina) and J. de Koning (Anke) during his visit at Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente. The authors thank Steven J. Thomson for polishing the manuscript. The authors also thank the reviewers for thoroughly reading the paper and providing useful suggestions. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 28 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 7 IS 10 BP 14179 EP 14199 DI 10.3390/rs71014179 PG 21 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA CV5RK UT WOS:000364328600073 ER PT J AU Larcombe, AN Kicic, A Mullins, BJ Knothe, G AF Larcombe, Alexander N. Kicic, Anthony Mullins, Benjamin J. Knothe, Gerhard TI Biodiesel exhaust: The need for a systematic approach to health effects research SO RESPIROLOGY LA English DT Review DE air pollution; biodiesel; health; particulate matter ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; DIESEL-ENGINE EMISSIONS; OIL-DERIVED BIODIESEL; HEAVY-DUTY ENGINE; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; UNREGULATED EMISSIONS; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FOSSIL DIESEL AB Biodiesel is a generic term for fuel that can be made from virtually any plant or animal oil via transesterification of triglycerides with an alcohol (and usually a catalyst). Biodiesel has received considerable scientific attention in recent years, as it is a renewable resource that is directly able to replace mineral diesel in many engines. Additionally, some countries have mandated a minimum biodiesel content in all diesel fuel sold on environmental grounds. When combusted, biodiesel produces exhaust emissions containing particulate matter, adsorbed chemicals and a range of gases. In many cases, absolute amounts of these pollutants are lower in biodiesel exhaust compared with mineral diesel exhaust, leading to speculation that biodiesel exhaust may be less harmful to health. Additionally, engine performance studies show that the concentrations of these pollutants vary significantly depending on the renewable oil used to make the biodiesel and the ratio of biodiesel to mineral diesel in the fuel mix. Given the strategic and legislative push towards the use of biodiesel in many countries, a concerning possibility is that certain biodiesels may produce exhaust emissions that are more harmful to health than others. This variation suggests that a comprehensive, systematic and comparative approach to assessing the potential for a range of different biodiesel exhausts to affect health is urgently required. Such an assessment could inform biodiesel production priorities, drive research and development into new exhaust treatment technologies, and ultimately minimize the health impacts of biodiesel exhaust exposure. C1 [Larcombe, Alexander N.; Kicic, Anthony] Univ Western Australia, Telethon Kids Inst, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Kicic, Anthony] Princess Margaret Hosp Children, Dept Resp Med, Perth, WA, Australia. [Mullins, Benjamin J.] Curtin Univ, Fluid Dynam Res Grp, Curtin Inst Computat, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Mullins, Benjamin J.] Curtin Univ, Hlth Safety & Environm, Sch Publ Hlth, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Kicic, Anthony] Univ Western Australia, Sch Pediat & Child Hlth, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. [Kicic, Anthony] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Cell Therapy & Regenerat Med, Sch Med & Pharmacol, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. [Knothe, Gerhard] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Larcombe, AN (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Telethon Kids Inst, POB 855, Perth, WA 6872, Australia. EM alexander.larcombe@telethonkids.org.au NR 72 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1323-7799 EI 1440-1843 J9 RESPIROLOGY JI Respirology PD OCT PY 2015 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1034 EP 1045 DI 10.1111/resp.12587 PG 12 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA CV9GD UT WOS:000364594700007 PM 26179557 ER PT J AU Lee, T Wang, XY White, M Tuppad, P Srinivasan, R Narasimhan, B Andrews, D AF Lee, Taesoo Wang, Xiuying White, Michael Tuppad, Pushpa Srinivasan, Raghavan Narasimhan, Balaji Andrews, Darrel TI Modeling Water-Quality Loads to the Reservoirs of the Upper Trinity River Basin, Texas, USA SO Water LA English DT Article DE SWAT; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; Trinity River Basin; water quality ID SWAT MODEL; CALIBRATION; MANAGEMENT AB The Upper Trinity River Basin (TRB) is the most populated river basin and one of the largest water suppliers in Texas. However, sediment and nutrient loads are reducing the capacity of reservoirs and degrading water quality. The objectives of this study are to calibrate and validate the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model for ten study watersheds within the Upper TRB in order to assess nutrient loads into major reservoirs in the basin and to predict the effects of point source elimination and urbanization on nutrient loads through scenario analyses. SWAT performed reasonably well for the current condition except for two out of five tributaries in the Eagle Mountain watershed and total phosphorous in Richland-Chambers. The impacts of simulated scenarios varied within watersheds. Point-source elimination achieved reductions ranging from 0.3% to 24% in total phosphorus and 1% to 56% in total nitrogen received by the reservoirs. Population and development projections were used to examine the impacts of urbanization on each watershed. Projected urbanization in 2030 had large effects on simulated total phosphorus loads in some watersheds, ranging from a reduction of 1% to an increase of 111%. Projected urbanization also affected simulated total nitrogen loads, from a reduction of 3% to an increase of 24%. One limitation of this study is the lack of long-term, up-to-date water quality data due to discontinued water-quality monitoring stations. Although careful considerations were given to the adjustment of parameter values reflecting various aspects of the nutrient processes, further data collection will enhance modeling study for assessment of these watersheds' water resources and environmental problem. C1 [Lee, Taesoo] Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Geog, Kwangju 61186, South Korea. [Wang, Xiuying] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Texas AgriLife Res, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [White, Michael] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Tuppad, Pushpa] Sri Jayachamarajendra Coll Engn, Dept Environm Engn, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India. [Srinivasan, Raghavan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Spatial Sci Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Narasimhan, Balaji] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Madras 600002, Tamil Nadu, India. [Andrews, Darrel] Tarrant Reg Water Dist, Environm Div, Ft Worth, TX 76102 USA. RP Wang, XY (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Syst, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Texas AgriLife Res, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM taesoo@jnu.ac.kr; swang@brc.tamus.edu; Mike.White@ars.usda.gov; ptuppad@gmail.com; r-srinivasan@tamu.edu; nbalaji@iitm.ac.in; Darrel.Andrews@trwd.com RI Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4441 J9 WATER-SUI JI Water PD OCT PY 2015 VL 7 IS 10 BP 5689 EP 5704 DI 10.3390/w7105689 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA CV5LV UT WOS:000364313100026 ER PT J AU Liu, JG Wang, GY Kelly, T Zhang, YY Yang, M Chu, QQ AF Liu, Jiangang Wang, Guangyao Kelly, Thorp Zhang, Yaoyao Yang, Meng Chu, Qingquan TI Effect of nitrogen and water deficit type on the yield gap between the potential and attainable wheat yield SO CHILEAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DSSAT; household farm; N availability; potential yield; Triticum aestivum; yield gap ID NORTH CHINA PLAIN; MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENT; MANAGEMENT; MODEL; PRODUCTIVITY; INDIA AB Water deficit and N fertilizer are the two primary limiting factors for wheat yield in the North China plain, the most important winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production area in China. Analyzing the yield gap between the potential yield and the attainable yield can quantify the potential for increasing wheat production and exploring the limiting factors to yield gap in the high-yielding farming region of North China Plain. The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) model was used to identify methods to increase the grain yield and decrease the gap. In order to explore the impact of N and cultivars on wheat yield in the different drought types, the climate conditions during 1981 to 2011 growing seasons was categorized into low, moderate, and severe water deficit classes according to the anomaly percentage of the water deficit rate during the entire wheat growing season. There are differences (P < 0.0001) in the variations of the potential yields among three cultivars over 30 yr. For all three water deficit types, the more recent cultivars Jimai22 and Shijiazhuang8 had higher yields compared to the older 'Jinan17'. As the N fertilizer rate increased, the yield gap decreased more substantially during the low water deficit years because of the significant increase in attainable yield. Overall, the yield gaps were smaller with less water stress. Replacement of cultivars and appropriate N fertilizer application based on the forecasted drought types can narrow the yield gap effectively. C1 [Liu, Jiangang; Zhang, Yaoyao; Yang, Meng; Chu, Qingquan] China Agr Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Wang, Guangyao] Univ Calif, Desert Res & Extens Ctr, Holtville, CA 92250 USA. [Kelly, Thorp] USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Chu, QQ (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM cauchu@cau.edu.cn RI Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009; KUMAR, ARVIND/D-7733-2016 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X; KUMAR, ARVIND/0000-0001-8818-6222 NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 32 PU INST INVESTIGACIONES AGROPECUARIAS PI CHILLAN PA CENTRO REGIONAL DE INVESTIGACION QUILAMAPU, CASILLA 426, CHILLAN, 00000, CHILE SN 0718-5839 J9 CHIL J AGR RES JI Chil. J. Agric. Res. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 75 IS 4 BP 457 EP 464 DI 10.4067/S0718-58392015000500011 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CV2LJ UT WOS:000364087900011 ER PT J AU Kumar, S LeBrun, EG Stohlgren, TJ Stabach, JA McDonald, DL Oi, DH LaPolla, JS AF Kumar, Sunil LeBrun, Edward G. Stohlgren, Thomas J. Stabach, Jared A. McDonald, Danny L. Oi, David H. LaPolla, John S. TI Evidence of niche shift and global invasion potential of the Tawny Crazy ant, Nylanderia fulva SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Biological invasions; biotic homogenization; ecological niche models; invasion stages; MaxEnt; niche expansion; risk analysis; species distribution modeling ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; ARGENTINE ANTS; FIRE ANT; HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; PARATRECHINA-FULVA; UNITED-STATES; PREDICTION; RANGE AB Analysis of an invasive species' niche shift between native and introduced ranges, along with potential distribution maps, can provide valuable information about its invasive potential. The tawny crazy ant, Nylanderia fulva, is a rapidly emerging and economically important invasive species in the southern United States. It is originally from east-central South America and has also invaded Colombia and the Caribbean Islands. Our objectives were to generate a global potential distribution map for N.fulva, identify important climatic drivers associated with its current distribution, and test whether N.fulva's realized climatic niche has shifted across its invasive range. We used MaxEnt niche model to map the potential distribution of N.fulva using its native and invaded range occurrences and climatic variables. We used principal component analysis methods for investigating potential shifts in the realized climatic niche of N.fulva during invasion. We found strong evidence for a shift in the realized climatic niche of N.fulva across its invasive range. Our models predicted potentially suitable habitat for N.fulva in the United States and other parts of the world. Our analyses suggest that the majority of observed occurrences of N.fulva in the United States represent stabilizing populations. Mean diurnal range in temperature, degree days at 10 degrees C, and precipitation of driest quarter were the most important variables associated with N.fulva distribution. The climatic niche expansion demonstrated in our study may suggest significant plasticity in the ability of N.fulva to survive in areas with diverse temperature ranges shown by its tolerance for environmental conditions in the southern United States, Caribbean Islands, and Colombia. The risk maps produced in this study can be useful in preventing N.fulva's future spread, and in managing and monitoring currently infested areas. C1 [Kumar, Sunil; Stohlgren, Thomas J.; Stabach, Jared A.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kumar, Sunil; Stohlgren, Thomas J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [LeBrun, Edward G.] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Brackenridge Field Lab, Austin, TX 78703 USA. [McDonald, Danny L.] Sam Houston State Univ, Texas Res Inst Environm Studies, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA. [Oi, David H.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [LaPolla, John S.] Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM sunil.kumar@colostate.edu RI Kumar, Sunil/A-6730-2009 FU U.S. Geological Survey; USDA UV-B Monitoring and Research Program, NREL, Colorado State University (USDA-NRI) [2008-35615-04666]; USDA CSREES/NRI [2008-35615-04666]; Lee and Ramona Bass Foundation FX SK was partially supported by U.S. Geological Survey and the USDA UV-B Monitoring and Research Program, NREL, Colorado State University (USDA-NRI, 2008-35615-04666). TS was partially supported by USDA CSREES/NRI 2008-35615-04666. EGL was supported by a grant from the Lee and Ramona Bass Foundation. NR 83 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 11 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 5 IS 20 BP 4628 EP 4641 DI 10.1002/ece3.1737 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CU7OP UT WOS:000363731500012 PM 26668728 ER PT J AU Hough-Snee, N Laub, BG Merritt, DM Long, AL Nackley, LL Roper, BB Wheaton, JM AF Hough-Snee, Nate Laub, Brian G. Merritt, David M. Long, A. Lexine Nackley, Lloyd L. Roper, Brett B. Wheaton, Joseph M. TI Multi-scale environmental filters and niche partitioning govern the distributions of riparian vegetation guilds SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE climate change; community assembly; functional diversity; landscape ecology; life history strategy; riparian disturbance-response guilds; riparian flow-response guilds; riparian management ID HEADWATER STREAMS; MEDITERRANEAN STREAM; COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; FLOW ALTERATIONS; RIVER; RESPONSES; HABITAT; USA AB Across landscapes, riparian plant communities assemble under varying levels of disturbance, environmental stress, and resource availability, leading to the development of distinct riparian life-history guilds over evolutionary timescales. Identifying the environmental filters that exert selective pressures on specific riparian vegetation guilds is a critical step in setting baseline expectations for how riparian vegetation may respond to environmental conditions anticipated under future global change scenarios. In this study, we ask: (1) What riparian plant guilds exist across the interior Columbia and upper Missouri River basins? (2) What environmental filters shape riparian guild distributions? (3) How does resource partitioning among guilds influence guild distributions and co-occurrence? Woody species composition was measured at 703 stream reaches and each species' morphological and functional attributes were extracted from a database in four categories: (1) life form, (2) persistence and growth, (3) reproduction, and (4) resource use. We clustered species into guilds by morphological characteristics and attributes related to environmental tolerances, modeling these guilds' distributions as a function of environmental filters-regional climate, watershed hydrogeomorphic characteristics, and stream channel form-and guild coexistence. We identified five guilds: (1) a tall, deeply rooted, long-lived, evergreen tree guild, (2) a xeric, disturbance tolerant shrub guild, (3) a hydrophytic, thicket-forming shrub guild, (4) a low-statured, shade-tolerant, understory shrub guild, and (5) a flood tolerant, mesoriparian shrub guild. Guilds were most strongly discriminated by species' rooting depth, canopy height and potential to resprout and grow following biomass-removing disturbance (e.g., flooding, fire). Hydro-climatic variables, including precipitation, watershed area, water table depth, and channel form attributes reflective of hydrologic regime, were predictors of guilds whose life history strategies had affinity or aversion to flooding, drought, and fluvial disturbance. Biotic interactions excluded guilds with divergent life history strategies and/or allowed for the co-occurrence of guilds that partition resources differently in the same environment. We conclude that the riparian guild framework provides insight into how disturbance and bioclimatic gradients shape riparian functional plant diversity across heterogeneous landscapes. Multiple environmental filters should be considered when the riparian response guild framework is to be used as a decision-support tool framework across large spatial extents. C1 [Hough-Snee, Nate; Laub, Brian G.; Long, A. Lexine; Roper, Brett B.; Wheaton, Joseph M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hough-Snee, Nate; Laub, Brian G.; Long, A. Lexine; Roper, Brett B.; Wheaton, Joseph M.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Merritt, David M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Stream & Aquat Ecol Ctr, Nat Resource Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Merritt, David M.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Long, A. Lexine] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Nackley, Lloyd L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Roper, Brett B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Stream & Aquat Ecol Ctr, Forest Sci Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Hough-Snee, N (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM nate@natehough-snee.org RI Wheaton, Joseph/F-1965-2010; OI Wheaton, Joseph/0000-0002-8361-8150; Hough-Snee, Nate/0000-0003-4581-0931 FU Utah State University; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [91768201-0]; USFS Region 1; USFS Region 4; USFS Region 6; BLM state field office in Washington; BLM state field office in Oregon; BLM state field office in Idaho FX N. Hough-Snee, D. M. Merritt, and B. B. Roper conceptualized the project. N. Hough-Snee, B. G. Laub, A. L. Long, and L. L. Nackley assembled species and trait information and built a riparian guild database. N. Hough-Snee performed database work, statistical analyses, and created figures and tables. N. HoughSnee, B. G. Laub, D. M. Merritt, A. L. Long, L. L. Nackley, B. B. Roper, and J. M. Wheaton wrote the manuscript. We thank Martha Jensen, Wally MacFarlane, Rebecca Rossi, Alex Walker, Ryan Sponseller, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on manuscript drafts, Nancy Huntly, Daniel Sarr, Mike Scott, and Julie Stromberg for meaningful discussions regarding riparian vegetation guilds, and USFS employees for data collection and stewardship. USFS Regions 1, 4, and 6, and BLM state field offices in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho funded data collection and management through the PACFISH/INFISH Biological Opinion EMP. N. Hough-Snee was supported in part by a Presidential Fellowship from Utah State University and STAR Fellowship Assistance Agreement number 91768201-0 awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This research has not been formally reviewed by the EPA. The views expressed herein are solely those of the authors. EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD OCT PY 2015 VL 6 IS 10 AR 173 DI 10.1890/ES15-00064.1 PG 22 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV1NF UT WOS:000364024300002 ER PT J AU Reilly, MJ Spies, TA AF Reilly, Matthew J. Spies, Thomas A. TI Regional variation in stand structure and development in forests of Oregon, Washington, and inland Northern California SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE disturbance history; early-seral vegetation; forest structural development; live and dead biomass; logging; old-growth; Pacific Northwest; tree density and size; understory vegetation; wildfire ID OLD-GROWTH FORESTS; MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; WESTERN JUNIPER; UNITED-STATES; MOUNTAIN HEMLOCK; PONDEROSA PINE AB Despite its importance to biodiversity and ecosystem function, patterns and drivers of regional scale variation in forest structure and development are poorly understood. We characterize structural variation, create a hierarchical classification of forest structure, and develop an empirically based framework for conceptualizing structural development from 11,091 plots across 25 million ha of all ownerships in Oregon, Washington, and inland Northern California, USA. A single component related to live tree biomass accounted for almost half of the variation in a principal components analysis of structural attributes, but components related to live tree density and size, dead wood, and understory vegetation together accounted for as much additional variation. These results indicate that structural development is more complex than a monotonic accumulation of live biomass as other components may act independently or emerge at multiple points during development. The classification revealed the diversity of structural conditions expressed at all levels of live biomass depending on the timing and relative importance of a variety of ecological processes (e.g., mortality) in different vegetation zones. Low live biomass structural types (<25 Mg/ha) illustrated the diversity of early-seral conditions and differed primarily in density of live trees and abundance of snags and dead wood. Moderate live biomass structural types (25-99 Mg/ha) differed in tree size and density and generally lacked dead wood, but some structurally diverse types associated with partial stand-replacing disturbance had abundant live and dead legacies. High live biomass structural types (> 100 Mg/ha) substantiated the diversity of later developmental stages and exhibited considerable variation in the abundance of dead wood and density of big trees. Most structural types corresponded with previously described stages of development, but others associated with protracted early development, woodland/savannah transitions, and partial stand-replacing disturbance lacked analogs and indicated alternative pathways of development. We propose a conceptual framework that distinguishes among families of pathways depending on the range of variation along different components of structure, the relative importance of different disturbances, and complexity of pathways. Our framework is a starting point for developing more comprehensive models of structural development that apply to a wider variety of vegetation zones differing in environment and disturbance regimes. C1 [Reilly, Matthew J.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Spies, Thomas A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Reilly, MJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM matthew.reilly@oregonstate.edu FU USDA Forest Service Region 6 Inventory and Analysis program FX Funding for this work was provided by the USDA Forest Service Region 6 Inventory and Analysis program. We thank Heather Roberts, Andy Gray, Matt Gregory, and Janet Ohmann for their assistance in managing and summarizing inventory data. We also thank Bruce McCune for sharing his insights on the analysis approach as well as Rob Pabst, Harold Zald, and Andrew Merschel for discussions regarding interpretation of the classification. James Johnston and Dave Hibbs provided feedback on early versions of the manuscript and Ray Davis, Julia Burton, Janet Ohmann, John Bailey, Matt Betts, Patricia Muir, David L. Peterson, and two anonymous reviewers provided extensive critiques which greatly improved the final version of manuscript. We thank Dave Bell for assistance making figures and Kathryn Ronnenberg for assistance with graphic design. NR 141 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 13 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD OCT PY 2015 VL 6 IS 10 AR 192 DI 10.1890/ES14-00469.1 PG 27 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV1NF UT WOS:000364024300021 ER PT J AU Richardson, BA Ortiz, HG Carlson, SL Jaeger, DM Shaw, NL AF Richardson, Bryce A. Ortiz, Hector G. Carlson, Stephanie L. Jaeger, Deidre M. Shaw, Nancy L. TI Genetic and environmental effects on seed weight in subspecies of big sagebrush: applications for restoration SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Artemisia tridentata; cytotype; environmental effects; genetic effects; linear mixed-effects; polyploidy; seed certification ID ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; GREAT-BASIN; SIZE VARIATION; MASS VARIATION; GENOME SIZE; ASTERACEAE; HYBRIDIZATION; PERFORMANCE; GERMINATION; ECOSYSTEMS AB The sagebrush steppe is a patchwork of species and subspecies occupying distinct environmental niches across the intermountain regions of western North America. These ecosystems face degradation from disturbances and exotic weeds. Using sagebrush seed that is matched to its appropriate niche is a critical component to successful restoration, improving habitat for the threatened greater sage-grouse and other species. The need for restoration is greatest in basin habitats composed of two subspecies: diploid basin big sagebrush (A. tridentata subsp. tridentata) and tetraploid Wyoming big sagebrush (subsp. wyomingensis). In this study we assess seed weights across five subspecies-cytotype groups of big sagebrush and examine the genetic and environmental components. Our goal is to determine if seed weight can be used as a diagnostic test for subspecies and seed certification. Seed weight was measured from 55 wild collections and from progeny derived from these collections and grown in two common gardens. A linear mixed-effect model showed 91% of the variation in seed weight is explained by genetic, genetic 3 environment and environmental effects (conditional R-2 = 0.91). Moreover, genetic effects alone, subspecies-cytotype groups, explained 39% of the variation (marginal R-2 = 0.39). Of the five subspecies-cytotype groups, most had overlapping weights using conservative 99% confidence intervals. However, diploid tridentata and wyomingensis had non-overlapping 99% confidence intervals. To demonstrate the application of seed weighing to assess the subspecies purity of commercial seed lots, we compared confidence intervals of tridentata and wyomingensis developed from the experimental data to seed weights of commercial lots. The results showed that only 17% of the commercial seed lots certified as wyomingensis had mean seed weights that fell within the confidence intervals for this subspecies. The remaining lighter seed lots (83%) matched weights of tridentata. While restoring sagebrush ecosystems is a multifaceted problem, a fundamental component to restoration is ensuring the appropriate seed is used. We found seed weight is principally affected by genetic factors, with limited environmental effects. Seed weighing is an effective application to assess subspecies purity of wyomingensis and tridentata seed and could be used as a certification step for evaluating commercial collections used in restoration. C1 [Richardson, Bryce A.; Ortiz, Hector G.; Carlson, Stephanie L.; Jaeger, Deidre M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. [Ortiz, Hector G.] Chicago Bot Garden, Conservat & Land Management Internship Program, Glencoe, IL 60022 USA. [Shaw, Nancy L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Richardson, BA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. EM brichardson02@fs.fed.us FU USDI; USFS [NFP-13-15-GSD-35] FX We thank numerous volunteers, BLM, USFS, and Utah DNR staffs for assistance in collection of seed and garden maintenance. Thanks to thoughtful reviews from Drs. L. Chaney, E. D. McArthur and S. E. Meyer. Funding was provided by the USDI and USFS: GBNPP and USDI GBLCC and USFS: National Fire Plan (NFP-13-15-GSD-35) and climate change funding. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD OCT PY 2015 VL 6 IS 10 AR 201 DI 10.1890/ES15-00249.1 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV1NF UT WOS:000364024300030 ER PT J AU van Diepen, LTA Frey, SD Sthultz, CM Morrison, EW Minocha, R Pringle, A AF van Diepen, Linda T. A. Frey, Serita D. Sthultz, Christopher M. Morrison, Eric W. Minocha, Rakesh Pringle, Anne TI Changes in litter quality caused by simulated nitrogen deposition reinforce the N-induced suppression of litter decay SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE calcium; decomposition; extracellular enzymes; lignin; litter decay; litter quality; manganese; meta-analysis; nitrogen; Quercus; temperate forest ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; HARVARD FOREST; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; TEMPERATE FORESTS; MN CONCENTRATIONS; LEAF-LITTER; DECOMPOSITION; ADDITIONS; MASSACHUSETTS AB Rates of nitrogen (N) deposition are increasing in industrialized and rapidly developing nations. Simulated N deposition suppresses plant litter decay rates, in particular for low quality (high lignin) litter. Litter quality is a primary driver of litter decomposition; however, it is not clear how changes in litter quality caused by long-term ecosystem exposure to chronic N additions interact with altered soil N-availability to influence litter decay dynamics. To document the effects of simulated N deposition on litter quality, we conducted a meta-analysis of available litter nutrient data from simulated N deposition experiments in temperate forests. To directly test whether changes in litter quality caused by N deposition affect decay rates, we also conducted a reciprocal litterbag study in an existing N addition experiment, where a northern hardwood forest has been exposed to simulated N deposition for more than 20 years. The experiment enabled us to disentangle the effects of N additions, litter quality, and their interactions on litter decay dynamics. We measured litter mass loss and extracellular enzyme activities after one and two years of decomposition. The meta-analysis demonstrated that simulated N deposition causes decreases of leaf Al, B, Ca, Mg, Mn, P, and Zn concentrations, and increased leaf N concentrations. Moreover, higher cumulative amounts of simulated N deposition result in greater decreases of leaf Ca and Mn concentrations. In the field experiment, litter originally collected from N-enriched plots exhibited similar N-induced nutrient changes as observed in our meta-analysis and also had lower lignolytic enzyme activities and decay rates than litter collected from control plots. The decreased litter decay rates observed with simulated N deposition were a result of the combined effects of the N fertilization itself and the historical effects of N deposition on tree litter chemistry. The data suggest that changes in litter quality caused directly by long-term N enrichment reinforce the negative effects of simulated N deposition on litter decay, particularly for high lignin species. The slowed decay associated with changes in litter quality caused by N enrichment itself may partly explain the accumulation of organic matter previously observed at ours and at other simulated N deposition experiments. C1 [van Diepen, Linda T. A.; Frey, Serita D.; Morrison, Eric W.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Sthultz, Christopher M.] Univ Minnesota, Math Sci & Technol Dept, Crookston, MN 56716 USA. [Minocha, Rakesh] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Pringle, Anne] Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA 01366 USA. RP van Diepen, LTA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM lvandiep@uwyo.edu FU NSF Ecosystem Studies grant [DEB-1021063]; NSF Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Program FX We thank Lisa Graichen for assistance with sample collection and analysis. Gary M. Lovett (Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies) and Mary A. Arthur (University of Kentucky) provided litter material from their nitrogen addition experiments for nutrient analysis for inclusion in our meta-analysis. This work was supported by an NSF Ecosystem Studies grant (DEB-1021063) to S. D. Frey and A. Pringle and by the NSF Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Program. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 16 U2 62 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD OCT PY 2015 VL 6 IS 10 AR 205 DI 10.1890/ES15-00262.1 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV1NF UT WOS:000364024300034 ER PT J AU DeRose, RJ Bekker, MF Wang, SY Buckley, BM Kjelgren, RK Bardsley, T Rittenour, TM Allen, EB AF DeRose, R. J. Bekker, M. F. Wang, S-Y. Buckley, B. M. Kjelgren, R. K. Bardsley, T. Rittenour, T. M. Allen, E. B. TI A millennium-length reconstruction of Bear River stream flow, Utah SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dendrohydrology; Drought; Medieval Warm Period; Mega-droughts; Pacific Ocean teleconnection; Water management ID GREAT-SALT-LAKE; QUASI-DECADAL OSCILLATION; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTHEASTERN UTAH; UINTA MOUNTAINS; TREE; USA; PRECIPITATION; SENSITIVITY; CALIBRATION AB The Bear River contributes more water to the eastern Great Basin than any other river system. It is also the most significant source of water for the burgeoning Wasatch Front metropolitan area in northern Utah. Despite its importance for water resources for the region's agricultural, urban, and wildlife needs, our understanding of the variability of Bear River's stream flow derives entirely from the short instrumental record (1943-2010). Here we present a 1200-year calibrated and verified tree-ring reconstruction of stream flow for the Bear River that explains 67% of the variance of the instrumental record over the period from 1943 to 2010. Furthermore, we developed this reconstruction from a species that is not typically used for dendroclimatology, Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma). We identify highly significant periodicity in our reconstruction at quasi-decadal (7-8 year), multi-decadal (30 year), and centennial (>50 years) scales. The latter half of the 20th century was found to be the 2nd wettest (similar to 40-year) period of the past 1200 years, while the first half of the 20th century marked the 4th driest period. The most severe period of reduced stream flow occurred during the Medieval Warm Period (ca. mid-1200s CE) and persisted for 70 years. Upper-level circulation anomalies suggest that atmospheric teleconnections originating in the western tropical Pacific are responsible for the delivery of precipitation to the Bear River watershed during the October-December (OND) season of the previous year. The Bear River flow was compared to recent reconstructions of the other tributaries to the Great Salt Lake (GSL) and the GSL level. Implications for water management could be drawn from the observation that the latter half of the 20th century was the 2nd wettest in 1200 years, and that management for future water supply should take into account the stream flow variability over the past millennium. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [DeRose, R. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Inventory & Anal, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Bekker, M. F.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Geog, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Wang, S-Y.; Kjelgren, R. K.] Utah State Univ, Plant Soil & Climate Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Buckley, B. M.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Tree Ring Lab, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Bardsley, T.] Western Water Assessment, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Rittenour, T. M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Geol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Allen, E. B.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. RP DeRose, RJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Inventory & Anal, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. EM rjderose@fs.fed.us FU Wasatch Dendroclimatology Research Group (WADR); U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, WaterSmart [R13AC80039] FX The Wasatch Dendroclimatology Research Group (WADR) was crucial for funding and guidance associated with this project. Special thanks go to Le Canh Nam, Nguyen Thiet, Justin Britton, Slaton Wheeler, Calli Nielsen, Hannah Gray, and Jackson Deere for their field and lab help. Funding was provided by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, WaterSmart Grant No. R13AC80039. We would like to thank Jennefer Parker on the Logan Ranger District of the Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest, Karl Fuelling on the Minidoka Ranger District, Sawtooth National Forest, and Charley Gilmore for permission to sample. We acknowledge the comments of two anonymous reviewers that greatly improved the paper. This paper was prepared in part by an employee of the US Forest Service as part of official duties and is therefore in the public domain. Utah State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, approved as journal paper no. 8771. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory contribution no. 7864. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 529 SI SI BP 524 EP 534 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.01.014 PN 2 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA CV4PM UT WOS:000364249000010 ER PT J AU Yang, BZ Seale, RD Shmulsky, R Dahlen, J Wang, X AF Yang, B. Z. Seale, R. D. Shmulsky, R. Dahlen, J. Wang, X. TI COMPARISON OF NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING METHODS FOR EVALUATING NO. 2 SOUTHERN PINE LUMBER: PART A, MODULUS OF ELASTICITY SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Nondestructive evaluation; transverse vibration evaluation; longitudinal stress wave evaluation; high-capacity lumber tester; modulus of elasticity; machine-stress-rated lumber; machine-evaluated lumber ID STIFFNESS; STRENGTH; WOOD AB Modulus of elasticity (MOE, or E) is one of the main quality indicators in structural lumber stress grading systems. Due to a relatively high amount of variability in contemporary sawn lumber, it is important that nondestructive evaluation technology be utilized to better discern high-E-value pieces from low-E-value pieces. The research described in this study is from a laboratory test of three nondestructive technologies applied to 343 pieces of visually graded No. 2 southern pine lumber collected across the southeast region of the United States. The evaluated technologies included continuous lumber test in continuous proof bending (Metriguard Model 7200 High Capacity Lumber Tester), transverse vibration (Metriguard E-Computer), and two stress wave tools (Falcon A-Grader and Carter Holt Harvey Director HM200). For each of the nondestructive techniques, results were compared with static E as determined by the four-point static bending tests following ASTM D198-14. In all cases, the nondestructive techniques successfully predicted E for all lumber sizes, with linear regression r(2) values ranging from 0.77 to 0.86. C1 [Yang, B. Z.; Seale, R. D.; Shmulsky, R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Sustainable Bioprod, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Dahlen, J.] Univ Georgia, Wamell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Wang, X.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Yang, BZ (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Sustainable Bioprod, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM zhuooyang@gmail.com; rds9@msstate.edu; rs26@msstate.edu; jdahlen@uga.edu; xwang@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA); Research, Education, and Economics (REE); Agriculture Research Service (ARS); Administrative and Financial Management (AFM); Financial Management and Accounting Division (FMAD); Grants and Agreements Management Branch (GAMB) [5B-02024-001] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the support of U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Research, Education, and Economics (REE), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), Administrative and Financial Management (AFM), Financial Management and Accounting Division (FMAD), Grants and Agreements Management Branch (GAMB), under Agreement No. 5B-02024-001. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The authors also wish to thank Metriguard for making the mobile High Capacity Lumber Tester available for a day at the laboratory. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 5 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 47 IS 4 BP 375 EP 384 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA CV1CX UT WOS:000363992000007 ER PT J AU Haynes, KG Yencho, GC Clough, ME Henninger, MR Qu, XS Christ, BJ Peck, MW Porter, GA Hutchinson, CM Gergela, DM Halseth, DE Menasha, SR Sieczka, JB AF Haynes, K. G. Yencho, G. C. Clough, M. E. Henninger, M. R. Qu, X. S. Christ, B. J. Peck, M. W. Porter, G. A. Hutchinson, C. M. Gergela, D. M. Halseth, D. E. Menasha, S. R. Sieczka, J. B. TI Peter Wilcox: a New Purple-Skin, Yellow-Flesh Fresh Market Potato Cultivar with Moderate Resistance to Powdery Scab SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Solanum tuberosum L; Freshmarket potato; Niche market; Carotenoids AB Peter Wilcox is a new, medium-maturing, purple-skinned, yellow-fleshed potato cultivar for the fresh market. Peter Wilcox also produces light-colored chips, although it is being released primarily as a fresh market potato because of its skin and flesh colors. Tubers are attractive, smooth, with dark purple-skin, oblong shape and moderate size. Yellow-flesh intensity is equal to or slightly darker than Yukon Gold. Marketable yields of Peter Wilcox have averaged 78-97 % of various standard cultivars in multiple years of testing. Specific gravity of Peter Wilcox was lower than Yukon Gold, but higher than standard red-skin cultivars it was compared to at numerous locations. Hollow heart and internal heat necrosis in Peter Wilcox tubers have generally been less than in standard cultivars; however, slight purple-streaks in the flesh have occasionally been reported in Maine. Peter Wilcox is moderately resistant to powdery scab. It is susceptible to late blight, early blight, potato virus Y, Verticillium wilt, and common scab. Peter Wilcox is a publicly released cultivar. C1 [Haynes, K. G.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Yencho, G. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Clough, M. E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Vernon James Res & Extens Ctr, Plymouth, NC 27962 USA. [Henninger, M. R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Qu, X. S.; Christ, B. J.; Peck, M. W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Environm Microbiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Porter, G. A.] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Hutchinson, C. M.; Gergela, D. M.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Halseth, D. E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Menasha, S. R.; Sieczka, J. B.] Cornell Cooperat Extens Suffolk Cty, Vegetable & Potato Program, Riverhead, NY 11901 USA. RP Haynes, KG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kathleen.haynes@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 92 IS 5 BP 573 EP 581 DI 10.1007/s12230-015-9470-8 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CU7LH UT WOS:000363719400003 ER PT J AU Byrd, SA Rowland, DL Bennett, J Zotarelli, L Wright, D Alva, A Nordgaard, J AF Byrd, Seth A. Rowland, Diane L. Bennett, Jerry Zotarelli, Lincoln Wright, David Alva, Ashok Nordgaard, John TI The Relationship Between Sap Flow and Commercial Soil Water Sensor Readings in Irrigated Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Deficit irrigation; Irrigation management; Sap flow; Soil moisture ID ROOT DISTRIBUTION; USE EFFICIENCY; DRYING SOIL; SANDY SOIL; YIELD; GROWTH; STRESS; COMPONENTS; QUALITY; RADIATION AB Many irrigation scheduling methods utilized in commercial production settings rely on soil water sensors that are normally purchased as off-the-shelf technology or through contracted services that install and monitor readings throughout the season. These systems often assume a direct relationship between the parameters measured by these soil water sensors (voltage, unitless values, or calibrated soil moisture values) and the water use and deficit stress of the crop. Because of this assumed relationship, these sensors are purported to be useful for triggering irrigation applications by monitoring relative changes in sensor values that represent either a "dry" or "wet" condition in the field. However, there is often little confirmation that these sensors accurately reflect crop water uptake or what soil depths will best represent that relationship. In an attempt to quantify the association between the use of soil water sensors and crop water use in a commercial potato field, measurements of soil water using capacitance probes and plant water use using sap flow sensors were monitored. Measurements were taken in two water application treatments: a normal (full) and partial irrigation schedule because it was hypothesized that the relative strength of the relationship between sensor reading and crop water use may be highly dependent on field soil water status. Relative soil moisture readings and plant water use data were compiled and both linear and quadratic regressions were performed. The correlation between sap flow and soil sensor readings was significant; but the relationship was relatively weak with the strength dependent on the soil depth that was monitored, indicating that care must be taken when utilizing sensor readings for irrigation scheduling. C1 [Byrd, Seth A.; Rowland, Diane L.; Bennett, Jerry] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Zotarelli, Lincoln] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wright, David] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Marianna, FL USA. [Alva, Ashok] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Nordgaard, John] Black Gold Farms Inc, Grand Forks, ND USA. RP Byrd, SA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM sabyrd@uga.edu FU UF-IFAS; Black Gold Farms FX We would like to thank UF-IFAS and Black Gold Farms for their support of the research, and specifically Clay Pederson and the rest of Black Gold's staff at the Live Oak, FL farm. We also appreciate the work of the staff of Dr. Rowland's lab group for their help with data collection over the course of the project. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 92 IS 5 BP 582 EP 592 DI 10.1007/s12230-015-9471-7 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CU7LH UT WOS:000363719400004 ER PT J AU Hughes, HR Vincent, AL Brockmeier, SL Gauger, PC Pena, L Santos, J Braucher, DR Perez, DR Loving, CL AF Hughes, Holly R. Vincent, Amy L. Brockmeier, Susan L. Gauger, Phillip C. Pena, Lindomar Santos, Jefferson Braucher, Douglas R. Perez, Daniel R. Loving, Crystal L. TI Oral Fluids as a Live-Animal Sample Source for Evaluating Cross-Reactivity and Cross-Protection following Intranasal Influenza A Virus Vaccination in Pigs SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MATERNAL ANTIBODY INTERFERENCE; ENHANCED RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; RECEPTOR-BINDING SITE; UNITED-STATES; HETEROLOGOUS CHALLENGE; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; AGRICULTURAL FAIRS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; NS1 PROTEIN; SWINE AB In North American swine, there are numerous antigenically distinct H1 influenza A virus (IAV) variants currently circulating, making vaccine development difficult due to the inability to formulate a vaccine that provides broad cross-protection. Experimentally, live-attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccines demonstrate increased cross-protection compared to inactivated vaccines. However, there is no standardized assay to predict cross-protection following LAIV vaccination. Hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody in serum is the gold standard correlate of protection following IAV vaccination. LAIV vaccination does not induce a robust serum HI antibody titer; however, a local mucosal antibody response is elicited. Thus, a live-animal sample source that could be used to evaluate LAIV immunogenicity and cross-protection is needed. Here, we evaluated the use of oral fluids (OF) and nasal wash (NW) collected after IAV inoculation as a live-animal sample source in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to predict cross-protection in comparison to traditional serology. Both live-virus exposure and LAIV vaccination provided heterologous protection, though protection was greatest against more closely phylogenetically related viruses. IAV-specific IgA was detected in NW and OF samples and was cross-reactive to representative IAV from each H1 cluster. Endpoint titers of cross-reactive IgA in OF from pigs exposed to live virus was associated with heterologous protection. While LAIV vaccination provided significant protection, LAIV immunogenicity was reduced compared to live-virus exposure. These data suggest that OF from pigs inoculated with wild-type IAV, with surface genes that match the LAIV seed strain, could be used in an ELISA to assess cross-protection and the antigenic relatedness of circulating and emerging IAV in swine. C1 [Hughes, Holly R.; Vincent, Amy L.; Brockmeier, Susan L.; Braucher, Douglas R.; Loving, Crystal L.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Gauger, Phillip C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA USA. [Pena, Lindomar; Santos, Jefferson; Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Loving, CL (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. EM crystal.loving@ars.usda.gov OI Perez, Daniel/0000-0002-6569-5689 FU National Pork Board [13-122]; Boehringer-Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. FX Funding for this work is provided in part by The National Pork Board (no. 13-122) and Boehringer-Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. NR 67 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 22 IS 10 BP 1109 EP 1120 DI 10.1128/CVI.00358-15 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA CU8SR UT WOS:000363814100004 PM 26291090 ER PT J AU Bradley, PW Gervasi, SS Hua, J Cothran, RD Relyea, RA Olson, DH Blaustein, AR AF Bradley, Paul W. Gervasi, Stephanie S. Hua, Jessica Cothran, Rickey D. Relyea, Rick A. Olson, Deanna H. Blaustein, Andrew R. TI Differences in sensitivity to the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis among amphibian populations SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amphibian declines; chytridiomycosis; emerging infectious disease; Lithobates sylvaticus; reservoir populations ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; WOOD FROG; CHYTRID FUNGUS; PEPTIDE DEFENSES; HIGH PREVALENCE; RANA-SYLVATICA; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; DYNAMICS; BIODIVERSITY; TRANSMISSION AB Contributing to the worldwide biodiversity crisis are emerging infectious diseases, which can lead to extirpations and extinctions of hosts. For example, the infectious fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is associated with worldwide amphibian population declines and extinctions. Sensitivity to Bd varies with species, season, and life stage. However, there is little information on whether sensitivity to Bd differs among populations, which is essential for understanding Bd-infection dynamics and for formulating conservation strategies. We experimentally investigated intraspecific differences in host sensitivity to Bd across 10 populations of wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) raised from eggs to metamorphosis. We exposed the post-metamorphic wood frogs to Bd and monitored survival for 30 days under controlled laboratory conditions. Populations differed in overall survival and mortality rate. Infection load also differed among populations but was not correlated with population differences in risk of mortality. Such population-level variation in sensitivity to Bd may result in reservoir populations that may be a source for the transmission of Bd to other sensitive populations or species. Alternatively, remnant populations that are less sensitive to Bd could serve as sources for recolonization after epidemic events. C1 [Bradley, Paul W.; Blaustein, Andrew R.] Oregon State Univ, Environm Sci Grad Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gervasi, Stephanie S.] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Hua, Jessica] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Cothran, Rickey D.] Southwestern Oklahoma Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Weatherford, OK 73096 USA. [Relyea, Rick A.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Biol Sci, BT2115, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Olson, Deanna H.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Blaustein, Andrew R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Bradley, PW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Environm Sci Grad Program, 104 Wilkinson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM paul.bradley@science.oregonstate.edu OI Hua, Jessica/0000-0002-9553-902X FU U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Corvallis, Oregon; NSF [DEB 07-16149] FX We thank the editors for feedback and suggestions resulting in a much-improvedmanuscript. We thank E. Hunt, B. Meyers, C. Searle, and K. Boersma for their help, and we thank J. Spatafora, V. Weis, and the Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing at Oregon State University for providing laboratory space for qPCR. This research was conducted under Oregon State University IACUC animal care and use permit 3717. Support was provided by the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Corvallis, Oregon, to D.H.O. and by NSF grant DEB 07-16149 to A.R.B. and R.A.R. NR 68 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 29 IS 5 BP 1347 EP 1356 DI 10.1111/cobi.12566 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CU7NW UT WOS:000363729100010 PM 26219571 ER PT J AU Cary, JW Han, Z Yin, Y Lohmar, JM Shantappa, S Harris-Coward, PY Mack, B Ehrlich, KC Wei, Q Arroyo-Manzanares, N Uka, V Vanhaecke, L Bhatnagar, D Yu, J Nierman, WC Johns, MA Sorensen, D Shen, H De Saeger, S Di Mavungu, JD Calvo, AM AF Cary, J. W. Han, Z. Yin, Y. Lohmar, J. M. Shantappa, S. Harris-Coward, P. Y. Mack, B. Ehrlich, K. C. Wei, Q. Arroyo-Manzanares, N. Uka, V. Vanhaecke, L. Bhatnagar, D. Yu, J. Nierman, W. C. Johns, M. A. Sorensen, D. Shen, H. De Saeger, S. Di Mavungu, J. Diana Calvo, A. M. TI Transcriptome Analysis of Aspergillus flavus Reveals veA-Dependent Regulation of Secondary Metabolite Gene Clusters, Including the Novel Aflavarin Cluster SO EUKARYOTIC CELL LA English DT Article ID AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; SCLEROTIAL PRODUCTION; FUSARIUM-VERTICILLIOIDES; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASES; ASEXUAL SPORULATION; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; FUNGAL DEVELOPMENT; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; NATURAL-PRODUCTS AB The global regulatory veA gene governs development and secondary metabolism in numerous fungal species, including Aspergillus flavus. This is especially relevant since A. flavus infects crops of agricultural importance worldwide, contaminating them with potent mycotoxins. The most well-known are aflatoxins, which are cytotoxic and carcinogenic polyketide compounds. The production of aflatoxins and the expression of genes implicated in the production of these mycotoxins are veA dependent. The genes responsible for the synthesis of aflatoxins are clustered, a signature common for genes involved in fungal secondary metabolism. Studies of the A. flavus genome revealed many gene clusters possibly connected to the synthesis of secondary metabolites. Many of these metabolites are still unknown, or the association between a known metabolite and a particular gene cluster has not yet been established. In the present transcriptome study, we show that veA is necessary for the expression of a large number of genes. Twenty-eight out of the predicted 56 secondary metabolite gene clusters include at least one gene that is differentially expressed depending on presence or absence of veA. One of the clusters under the influence of veA is cluster 39. The absence of veA results in a downregulation of the five genes found within this cluster. Interestingly, our results indicate that the cluster is expressed mainly in sclerotia. Chemical analysis of sclerotial extracts revealed that cluster 39 is responsible for the production of aflavarin. C1 [Cary, J. W.; Harris-Coward, P. Y.; Mack, B.; Ehrlich, K. C.; Wei, Q.; Bhatnagar, D.; Yu, J.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Han, Z.; Arroyo-Manzanares, N.; Uka, V.; De Saeger, S.; Di Mavungu, J. Diana] Univ Ghent, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Food Anal, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Yin, Y.; Lohmar, J. M.; Shantappa, S.; Johns, M. A.; Sorensen, D.; Shen, H.; Calvo, A. M.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Vanhaecke, L.] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Chem Anal Lab, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Food Safety, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Nierman, W. C.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. RP Calvo, AM (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM amcalvo@niu.edu RI Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia/H-5055-2015 OI Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia/0000-0001-9882-6270 FU Department of Biological Sciences at NIU; USDA [58-6435-4-015] FX This work was funded by the Department of Biological Sciences at NIU and by USDA grant 58-6435-4-015. NR 71 TC 4 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 27 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1535-9778 EI 1535-9786 J9 EUKARYOT CELL JI Eukaryot. Cell PD OCT PY 2015 VL 14 IS 10 BP 983 EP 997 DI 10.1128/EC.00092-15 PG 15 WC Microbiology; Mycology SC Microbiology; Mycology GA CU8SP UT WOS:000363813800002 PM 26209694 ER PT J AU Bischoff, KM Leathers, TD Price, NPJ Manitchotpisit, P AF Bischoff, Kenneth M. Leathers, Timothy D. Price, Neil P. J. Manitchotpisit, Pennapa TI Liamocin oil from Aureobasidium pullulans has antibacterial activity with specificity for species of Streptococcus SO JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS LA English DT Article ID MANNITOL; MASTITIS; LIPIDS C1 [Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Leathers, Timothy D.; Price, Neil P. J.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Manitchotpisit, Pennapa] Rangsit Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Med Sci, Biochem Unit, Lakhok, Patumthani, Thailand. RP Bischoff, KM (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kenneth.bischoff@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOC PI TOKYO PA 2 20 8 KAMIOSAKI SHINAGAWA KU, TOKYO, 141, JAPAN SN 0021-8820 J9 J ANTIBIOT JI J. Antibiot. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 68 IS 10 BP 642 EP 645 DI 10.1038/ja.2015.39 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA CU9QO UT WOS:000363879800009 PM 25873320 ER PT J AU Zelinka, SL Bourne, KJ Hermanson, JC Glass, SV Costa, A Wiedenhoeft, AC AF Zelinka, Samuel L. Bourne, Keith J. Hermanson, John C. Glass, Samuel V. Costa, Adriana Wiedenhoeft, Alex C. TI Force-displacement measurements of earlywood bordered pits using a mesomechanical tester SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE air seeding; mesomechanical testing; pit membrane; torus prolapse; wood preservative treatment ID STRESS-INDUCED CAVITATION; INDUCED XYLEM EMBOLISM; SPRUCE PICEA; CRYPTOMERIA-JAPONICA; FLUID-FLOW; WOOD; PERMEABILITY; CONIFERS; MEMBRANES; FIBERS AB The elastic properties of pit membranes are reported to have important implications in understanding air-seeding phenomena in gymnosperms, and pit aspiration plays a large role in wood technological applications such as wood drying and preservative treatment. Here we present force-displacement measurements for pit membranes of circular bordered pits, collected on a mesomechanical testing system. The system consists of a quartz microprobe attached to a micro-force sensor that is positioned and advanced with a micromanipulator mounted on an inverted microscope. Membrane displacement is measured from digital image analysis. Unaspirated pits from earlywood of never-dried wood of Larix and Pinus and aspirated pits from earlywood of dried wood of Larix were tested to generate force-displacement curves up to the point of membrane failure. Two failure modes were observed: rupture or tearing of the pit membrane by the microprobe tip, and the stretching of the pit membrane until the torus was forced out of the pit chamber through the pit aperture without rupture, a condition we refer to as torus prolapse. C1 [Zelinka, Samuel L.; Bourne, Keith J.; Glass, Samuel V.] US Forest Serv, Bldg & Fire Sci, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Hermanson, John C.] US Forest Serv, Engn Mech & Remote Sensing Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Costa, Adriana; Wiedenhoeft, Alex C.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Wood Anat Res, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Zelinka, SL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Bldg & Fire Sci, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM szelinka@fs.fed.us RI Hermanson, John C./K-8106-2015 OI Hermanson, John C./0000-0002-3325-6665 FU Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) FX S.Z. acknowledges funding from a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE). The authors acknowledge the assistance of Tivoli Gough of the Forest Products Laboratory for drawing Fig. 1. The contributions from the David Eustice, Richard Jordan and Joseph Destree of the Forest Products Laboratory Machine shop were invaluable in the development of the mesomechanical testing system. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 38 IS 10 BP 2088 EP 2097 DI 10.1111/pce.12532 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CU9SA UT WOS:000363884200011 PM 25754548 ER PT J AU Hand, MS Wibbenmeyer, MJ Calkin, DE Thompson, MP AF Hand, Michael S. Wibbenmeyer, Matthew J. Calkin, David E. Thompson, Matthew P. TI Risk Preferences, Probability Weighting, and Strategy Tradeoffs in Wildfire Management SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Risk, Perception, and Response CY MAR 20-21, 2014 CL Boston, MA DE Lottery-choice experiment; probability weighting; risk aversion; risk preferences; wildfire management ID WILDLAND FIRE SUPPRESSION; LATENT CLASS MODEL; DECISION-MAKING; PROSPECT-THEORY; CHOICE; UNCERTAINTY; PSYCHOLOGY; EVENTS; LOGIT AB Wildfires present a complex applied risk management environment, but relatively little attention has been paid to behavioral and cognitive responses to risk among public agency wildfire managers. This study investigates responses to risk, including probability weighting and risk aversion, in a wildfire management context using a survey-based experiment administered to federal wildfire managers. Respondents were presented with a multiattribute lottery-choice experiment where each lottery is defined by three outcome attributes: expenditures for fire suppression, damage to private property, and exposure of firefighters to the risk of aviation-related fatalities. Respondents choose one of two strategies, each of which includes good (low cost/low damage) and bad (high cost/high damage) outcomes that occur with varying probabilities. The choice task also incorporates an information framing experiment to test whether information about fatality risk to firefighters alters managers' responses to risk. Results suggest that managers exhibit risk aversion and nonlinear probability weighting, which can result in choices that do not minimize expected expenditures, property damage, or firefighter exposure. Information framing tends to result in choices that reduce the risk of aviation fatalities, but exacerbates nonlinear probability weighting. C1 [Hand, Michael S.; Calkin, David E.; Thompson, Matthew P.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Wibbenmeyer, Matthew J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Econ, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Hand, MS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 800 E Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM mshand@fs.fed.us NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 35 IS 10 BP 1876 EP 1891 DI 10.1111/risa.12457 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA CU4BE UT WOS:000363470200008 PM 26269258 ER PT J AU Raybon, H Schimleck, L Love-Myers, K Antony, F Sanders, J Daniels, R Andrews, E Schilling, E AF Raybon, Heath Schimleck, Laurence Love-Myers, Kim Antony, Finto Sanders, Joe Daniels, Richard Andrews, Edward Schilling, Erik TI Examination of the potential to reduce water application rates in pine wet decks SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID STORAGE; TREES; STEM AB Wet storage of logs under sprinklers is a common method for maintaining log quality and consistent fiber supply to wood production facilities. Because of increased concerns regarding water use, mills in the southeastern United States are interested in refining water application strategies. To do so, we need to examine how log moisture varies with time and in response to differing water application rates. We used time domain reflectometry (TDR) to examine variation in log moisture of southern pine logs in response to nominal water application (100 mm/day) and a 30% reduction in water use at two woodyards (Santee in South Carolina and Dry Creek in Alabama) over a 15-month period. Initially significant differences between treatments were observed, but differences only existed for a short period, indicating that a 30% reduction in the amount of water applied results in little change in log moisture or quality. C1 [Antony, Finto; Sanders, Joe; Daniels, Richard] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Love-Myers, Kim] Univ Georgia, Ctr Stat Consulting, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Andrews, Edward] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA USA. [Raybon, Heath] Int Paper, Prattville, AL 36067 USA. [Schilling, Erik] NCASI, Aubrey, TX USA. [Schimleck, Laurence] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Raybon, H (reprint author), Int Paper, Prattville, AL 36067 USA. EM Laurence.Schimleck@oregonstate.edu FU National Council for Air and Stream Improvement (NCASI); Wood Quality Consortium of the University of Georgia FX This research was supported by the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement (NCASI). The authors also gratefully acknowledge support from the Wood Quality Consortium of the University of Georgia and from International Paper for allowing access to their Santee and Dry Creek woodyards and for evaluating the pulp quality NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU TECH ASSOC PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 14 IS 10 BP 672 EP 679 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA CU7PP UT WOS:000363734100006 ER PT J AU Lou, FF Ye, M Ma, YM Li, XH DiCaprio, E Chen, HQ Krakowka, S Hughes, J Kingsley, D Li, JR AF Lou, Fangfei Ye, Mu Ma, Yuanmei Li, Xinhui DiCaprio, Erin Chen, Haiqiang Krakowka, Steven Hughes, John Kingsley, David Li, Jianrong TI A Gnotobiotic Pig Model for Determining Human Norovirus Inactivation by High-Pressure Processing SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; PORCINE GASTRIC MUCIN; BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; NORWALK VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; OYSTERS; PARTICLES; GII.4 AB Human norovirus (NoV) is responsible for over 90% of outbreaks of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and accounts for 60% of cases of foodborne illness in the United States. Currently, the infectivity of human NoVs is poorly understood due to the lack of a cell culture system. In this study, we determined the survival of a human NoV genogroup II, genotype 4 (GII.4) strain in seeded oyster homogenates after high-pressure processing (HPP) using a novel receptor binding assay and a gnotobiotic pig model. Pressure conditions of 350 MPa at 0 degrees C for 2 min led to a 3.7-log(10) reduction in the number of viral RNA copies in oysters, as measured by the porcine gastric mucin-conjugated magnetic bead (PGM-MB) binding assay and real-time RT-PCR, whereas pressure conditions of 350 MPa at 35 degrees C for 2 min achieved only a 1-log(10) reduction in the number of RNA copies. Newborn gnotobiotic piglets orally fed oyster homogenate treated at 350 MPa and 0 degrees C for 2 min did not have viral RNA shedding in feces, histologic lesions, or viral replication in the small intestine. In contrast, gnotobiotic piglets fed oysters treated at 350 MPa and 35 degrees C for 2 min had high levels of viral shedding in feces and exhibited significant histologic lesions and viral replication in the small intestine. Collectively, these data demonstrate that (i) human NoV survival estimated by an in vitro PGM-MB virus binding assay is consistent with the infectivity determined by an in vivo gnotobiotic piglet model and (ii) HPP is capable of inactivating a human NoV GII.4 strain at commercially acceptable pressure levels. C1 [Lou, Fangfei; Ma, Yuanmei; DiCaprio, Erin; Krakowka, Steven; Li, Jianrong] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lou, Fangfei] Ohio State Univ, Program Food Sci & Technol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hughes, John] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mol Virol Immunol & Med Genet, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Ye, Mu; Li, Xinhui; Chen, Haiqiang] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE USA. [Kingsley, David] Delaware State Univ, USDA, ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit,James WW, Dover, DE USA. RP Li, JR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM li.926@osu.edu RI Ma, Yuanmei/O-2720-2015; Li, Jianrong/E-3510-2011; Lou, Fangfei/J-9563-2014; OI Lou, Fangfei/0000-0002-9335-8209; Li, Xinhui/0000-0003-1568-1999 FU USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) [2011-68003-30005, 2011-68003-30395]; NoroCORE graduate fellowship FX This study was supported by a food safety grant (2011-68003-30005) and the NoroCORE project (grant 2011-68003-30395) from the USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI). Erin DiCaprio is supported by a NoroCORE graduate fellowship. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 81 IS 19 BP 6679 EP 6687 DI 10.1128/AEM.01566-15 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA CU3XO UT WOS:000363459800016 PM 26187968 ER PT J AU Heilman, WE Clements, CB Seto, D Bian, XD Clark, KL Skowronski, NS Hom, JL AF Heilman, Warren E. Clements, Craig B. Seto, Daisuke Bian, Xindi Clark, Kenneth L. Skowronski, Nicholas S. Hom, John L. TI Observations of fire-induced turbulence regimes during low-intensity wildland fires in forested environments: implications for smoke dispersion SO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE forest canopy; low-intensity wildland fires; smoke dispersion; turbulence AB Low-intensity wildland fires occurring beneath forest canopies can result in particularly adverse local air-quality conditions. Ambient and fire-induced turbulent circulations play a substantial role in the transport and dispersion of smoke during these fire events. Recent in situ measurements of fire-atmosphere interactions during low-intensity wildland fires have provided new insight into the structure of fire-induced turbulence regimes and how forest overstory vegetation can affect the horizontal and vertical dispersion of smoke. In this paper, we provide a summary of the key turbulence observations made during two low-intensity wildland fire events that occurred in the New Jersey Pine Barrens. C1 [Heilman, Warren E.; Bian, Xindi] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Clements, Craig B.; Seto, Daisuke] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Clark, Kenneth L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, New Lisbon, NJ USA. [Skowronski, Nicholas S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, NJ USA. [Hom, John L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. RP Heilman, WE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 3101 Technol Blvd,Suite F, Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM wheilman@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Joint Fire Science Program [09-1-04-1]; USDA Forest Service [13-CR-11242306-073] FX Research support was provided by the U.S. Joint Fire Science Program (Project # 09-1-04-1) and the USDA Forest Service (Research Cost Reimbursable Agreement # 13-CR-11242306-073). We thank the New Jersey Forest Fire Service for managing and conducting the prescribed fires for our experiments. We would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers of this paper for their constructive comments and suggested edits. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1530-261X J9 ATMOS SCI LETT JI Atmos. Sci. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2015 VL 16 IS 4 BP 453 EP 460 DI 10.1002/asl.581 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CU0JU UT WOS:000363203100005 ER PT J AU Zhao, HG Li, C Beck, BH Zhang, R Thongda, W Davis, DA Pearnan, E AF Zhao, Honggang Li, Chao Beck, Benjamin H. Zhang, Ran Thongda, Wilawan Davis, D. Allen Pearnan, Eric TI Impact of feed additives on surface mucosal health and columnaris susceptibility in channel catfish fingerlings, Ictalurus punctatus SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Siluriformes; Flavobacterium columnare; RNA-seq; Mannan oligosaccharides; Prebiotic; Nutri-genomics ID AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA INFECTION; FLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNARE; DENDRITIC CELLS; MANNOSE RECEPTOR; MANNAN-OLIGOSACCHARIDES; GENE-EXPRESSION; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; RNA-SEQ; FLEXIBACTER-COLUMNARIS; COLLAGEN DEGRADATION AB One of the highest priority areas for improvement in aquaculture is the development of dietary additives and formulations which provide for complete mucosal health and protection of fish raised in intensive systems. Far greater attention has been paid to dietary impact on gut health than to protective effects at other mucosal surfaces such as skin and gill. These exterior surfaces, however, are important primary targets for pathogen attachment and invasion. Flavobacterium columnare, the causative agent of columnaris disease, is among the most prevalent of all freshwater disease-causing bacteria, impacting global aquaculture of catfish, salmonids, baitfish and aquaria-trade species among others. This study evaluated whether the feeding of a standard catfish diet supplemented with Alltech dietary additives Actigen (R), a concentrated source of yeast cell wall-derived material and/or Allzyme (R) SSF, a fermented strain of Aspergillus niger, could offer protection against F. columnare mortality. A nine-week feeding trial of channel catfish fingerlings with basal diet (B), B + Allzyme (R) SSF, B + Actigen (R) and B + Actigen (R) + Allzyme (R) SSF revealed good growth in all conditions (FCR < 1.0), but no statistical differences in growth between the treatments were found. At nine weeks, based on pre-challenge trial results, basal, B + Actigen (R), and B + Allzyme (R) SSF groups of fish were selected for further challenges with F. columnare. Replicated challenge with a virulent F. columnare strain, revealed significantly longer median days to death in B + Allzyme (R) SSF and B + Actigen (R) when compared with the basal diet (P < 0.05) and significantly higher survival following the eight day challenge period in B + Actigen (R) when compared with the other two diets (P < 0.05). Given the superior protection provided by the B + Actigen (R) diet, we carried out transcriptomic comparison of gene expression of fish fed that diet and the basal diet before and after columnaris challenge using high-throughput RNA-seq. Pathway and enrichment analyses revealed changes in mannose receptor DEC205 and IL4 signaling at 0 h (prior to challenge) which likely explain a dramatic divergence in expression profiles between the two diets soon after pathogen challenge (8 h). Dietary mannose priming resulted in reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines, shifting response patterns instead to favor resolution and repair. Our results indicate that prebiotic dietary additives may provide protection extending beyond the gut to surface mucosa. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Honggang; Zhang, Ran; Thongda, Wilawan; Davis, D. Allen; Pearnan, Eric] Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Li, Chao] Qingdao Agr Univ, Marine Sci & Engn Coll, Qingdao 266109, Peoples R China. [Beck, Benjamin H.] ARS, USDA, Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Pearnan, E (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM peatmer@auburn.edu FU Alltech, Inc. [13-E-9091]; Chinese Scholarship Council; Shanghai Ocean University FX This work was funded by a contract from Alltech, Inc. (Trial 13-E-9091) with student funding for Honggang Zhao provided through a Chinese Scholarship Council award and from a fellowship from Shanghai Ocean University. NR 83 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 EI 1095-9947 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 46 IS 2 BP 624 EP 637 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.07.005 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA CT8MR UT WOS:000363071200052 PM 26164837 ER PT J AU Filip, GM Bronson, JJ Chadwick, KL Filip, JB Frankel, SJ Goheen, DJ Goheen, EM Mori, SR Saavedra, AL AF Filip, Gregory M. Bronson, Joshua J. Chadwick, Kristen L. Filip, Jeremy B. Frankel, Susan J. Goheen, Donald J. Goheen, Ellen M. Mori, Sylvia R. Saavedra, Angel L. TI Precommercial Thinning in Mixed-Species Conifer Plantations Affected by Armillaria and Heterobasidion Root Diseases in West-Central Oregon and Washington: 30-Year Results SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Thinning; Armillaria ostoyae; Heterobasidion occidentale; tree mortality; tree growth ID DOUGLAS-FIR PLANTATIONS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SOUTHERN INTERIOR; PONDEROSA PINE; HEMLOCK; STUMPS; TREE; INFECTION; OSTOYAE; ANNOSUM AB Four 10- to 20-year-old plantations were precommercially thinned to determine the effects on tree growth and mortality caused by armillaria and heterobasidion root diseases. The plantations represented different species compositions with one each of (1) coastal Douglas-fir and noble fir, (2) Douglas-fir and western hemlock, (3) pure Douglas-fir, and (4) Shasta red fir and mountain hemlock. After 30 years, the probabilities of leave-tree survival and actual leave-tree survival (trees/ha [TPH]) were significantly (P <= 0.05) higher in thinned versus unthinned plots in one of the four plantations with no significant differences in the other three plantations. Most tree mortality was caused by armillaria root disease. Despite the high frequency of Heterobasidion occidental in overstory stumps, only two leave trees in one plantation were killed by this fungus after 30 years. Quadratic mean diameter (QMD) growth and basal area (BA) (per ha) growth of leave trees were significantly (P <= 0.05) greater in thinned than in unthinned plots in one plantation for QMD and in three plantations for BA. Precommercial thinning does not appear to exacerbate the incidence of leave-tree mortality from armillaria or heterobasidion root diseases after 30 years, and leave-tree QMD and BA growth increased significantly in most but not all plantations for the tree species sampled. Armillaria and heterobasidion root diseases are not an impediment to precommercial thinning in plantations or stands similar to those we studied. C1 [Filip, Gregory M.; Bronson, Joshua J.; Chadwick, Kristen L.; Goheen, Donald J.; Goheen, Ellen M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, Portland, OR 97204 USA. [Frankel, Susan J.; Mori, Sylvia R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Portland, OR USA. [Saavedra, Angel L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Portland, OR USA. RP Filip, GM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, Portland, OR 97204 USA. EM gmfilip@fs.fed.us; jbronson@fs.fed.us; klchadwick@fs.fed.us; filipjere@yahoo.com; sfrankel@fs.fed.us; egoheen@fs.fed.us; sylviamori@sbcglobal.net; alsaavedra@fs.fed.us FU Pest Trend Impact Plots: Analysis and Extension project of the Pacific Southwest Research Station FX We thank USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection employees Sally Campbell, Alan Kanaskie, Billy Lane, Helen Maffei, Katy Mallams, Craig Schmitt, Bogs Tkacz, and Scott Worrell and Oregon State University employees Sheng-jun Lu and Dan Manter for assistance in establishing plots and collecting data. We also thank the personnel on the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie, Willamette, and Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forests, and the Salem District, Bureau of Land Management for treating and maintaining plots. This study was supported by the Pest Trend Impact Plots: Analysis and Extension project of the Pacific Southwest Research Station. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 21 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD OCT PY 2015 VL 61 IS 5 BP 914 EP 925 DI 10.5849/forsci.14-121 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CU2ND UT WOS:000363359300010 ER EF