FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Thompson, MP Freeborn, P Rieck, JD Calkin, DE Gilbertson-Day, JW Cochrane, MA Hand, MS AF Thompson, Matthew P. Freeborn, Patrick Rieck, Jon D. Calkin, David E. Gilbertson-Day, Julie W. Cochrane, Mark A. Hand, Michael S. TI Quantifying the influence of previously burned areas on suppression effectiveness and avoided exposure: a case study of the Las Conchas Fire SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE burn probability modelling; fire-on-fire interactions; landscape conditions; wildland fire management ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; FUELS TREATMENTS; NATIONAL FOREST; SIERRA-NEVADA; WILDERNESS AREAS; LARGE WILDFIRES; UNITED-STATES; SEVERITY; USA; SIMULATION AB We present a case study of the Las Conchas Fire (2011) to explore the role of previously burned areas (wildfires and prescribed fires) on suppression effectiveness and avoided exposure. Methodological innovations include characterisation of the joint dynamics of fire growth and suppression activities, development of a fire line effectiveness framework, and quantification of relative fire line efficiencies inside and outside of previously burned areas. We provide descriptive statistics of several fire line effectiveness metrics. Additionally, we leverage burn probability modelling to examine how burned areas could have affected fire spread potential and subsequent exposure of highly valued resources and assets to fire. Results indicate that previous large fires exhibited significant and variable impacts on suppression effectiveness and fire spread potential. Most notably the Cerro Grande Fire (2000) likely exerted a significant and positive influence on containment, and in the absence of that fire the community of Los Alamos and the Los Alamos National Laboratory could have been exposed to higher potential for loss. Although our scope of inference is limited results are consistent with other research, suggesting that fires can exert negative feedbacks that can reduce resistance to control and enhance the effectiveness of suppression activities on future fires. C1 [Thompson, Matthew P.; Freeborn, Patrick; Rieck, Jon D.; Calkin, David E.; Hand, Michael S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 East Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Gilbertson-Day, Julie W.] Pyrologix LLC, 111 North Higgins Ave,Suite 404, Missoula, MT 59802 USA. [Cochrane, Mark A.] S Dakota State Univ, Ctr Excellence, Geog Informat Sci, 1021 Medary Ave,Wecota Hall,Box 506B, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Thompson, MP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 East Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM mpthompson02@fs.fed.us FU National Fire Decision Support Center; Rocky Mountain Research Station; NASA Applied Sciences Program [11-FIRES11-0039-ARL-EP] FX Thanks to Bill Armstrong and Emily Irwin for their helpful discussions and field visits to the Las Conchas Fire sites, and to Sean Parks for his review and suggested literature. Anonymous reviewer comments were also helpful. This effort was supported by the National Fire Decision Support Center, the Rocky Mountain Research Station, and the NASA Applied Sciences Program under grant number 11-FIRES11-0039-ARL-EP. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 8 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 2 BP 167 EP 181 DI 10.1071/WF14216 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DF8EV UT WOS:000371591000005 ER PT J AU Parks, SA Miller, C Holsinger, LM Baggett, LS Bird, BJ AF Parks, Sean A. Miller, Carol Holsinger, Lisa M. Baggett, L. Scott Bird, Benjamin J. TI Wildland fire limits subsequent fire occurrence SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE age-dependence; failure time analysis; fire as a fuel treatment; fire history; hazard analysis; ignition; self-limiting; self-regulation; survival analysis; wilderness ID BOREAL FOREST; NATIONAL-PARK; WILDERNESS AREAS; INTERIOR ALASKA; SPATIAL-PATTERN; GLOBAL PATTERNS; BURN SEVERITY; CENSORED-DATA; FUEL; CALIFORNIA AB Several aspects of wildland fire are moderated by site- and landscape-level vegetation changes caused by previous fire, thereby creating a dynamic where one fire exerts a regulatory control on subsequent fire. For example, wildland fire has been shown to regulate the size and severity of subsequent fire. However, wildland fire has the potential to influence other properties of subsequent fire. One of those properties - the extent to which a previous wildland fire inhibits new fires from igniting and spreading within its perimeter - is the focus of our study. In four large wilderness study areas in the western United States (US), we evaluated whether or not wildland fire regulated the ignition and spread (hereafter occurrence) of subsequent fire. Results clearly indicate that wildland fire indeed regulates subsequent occurrence of fires20ha in all study areas. We also evaluated the longevity of the regulating effect and found that wildland fire limits subsequent fire occurrence for nine years in the warm/dry study area in the south-western US and over 20 years in the cooler/wetter study areas in the northern Rocky Mountains. Our findings expand upon our understanding of the regulating capacity of wildland fire and the importance of wildland fire in creating and maintaining resilience to future fire events. C1 [Parks, Sean A.; Miller, Carol; Holsinger, Lisa M.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, 790 East Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Baggett, L. Scott; Bird, Benjamin J.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Parks, SA (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, 790 East Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM sean_parks@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program under JFSP Project [12-1-03-19] FX We thank M-A Parisien for thoughtful comments that improved this manuscript significantly. Funding was provided by the Joint Fire Science Program under JFSP Project 12-1-03-19. NR 73 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 2 BP 182 EP 190 DI 10.1071/WF15107 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DF8EV UT WOS:000371591000006 ER PT J AU Davies, KW Boyd, CS Bates, JD Hulet, A AF Davies, Kirk W. Boyd, Chad S. Bates, Jon D. Hulet, April TI Winter grazing can reduce wildfire size, intensity and behaviour in a shrub-grassland SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE cattle grazing; fire behaviour; fire management; fuel management; rangeland; sagebrush; wildfire suppression ID SAGEBRUSH PLANT-COMMUNITIES; NORTHERN GREAT-BASIN; EXOTIC ANNUAL GRASS; MOISTURE-CONTENT; BROMUS-TECTORUM; FUEL MOISTURE; SAGE-GROUSE; VEGETATION CHARACTERISTICS; FIRE DISTURBANCE; UNITED-STATES AB An increase in mega-fires and wildfires is a global issue that is expected to become worse with climate change. Fuel treatments are often recommended to moderate behaviour and decrease severity of wildfires; however, the extensive nature of rangelands limits the use of many treatments. Dormant-season grazing has been suggested as a rangeland fuel treatment, but its effects on fire characteristics are generally unknown. We investigated the influence of dormant-season (winter) grazing by cattle (Bos taurus) on fuel characteristics, fire behaviour and area burned in Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata subsp. wyomingensis) shrub-grassland communities in south-eastern Oregon, USA. Winter grazing was applied for 5 years before burning and compared with ungrazed areas. Winter grazing decreased fine fuels and increased fine fuel moisture, which reduced flame height and depth, rate of spread and area burned. Winter-grazed areas also had lower maximum temperature and heat loading during fires than ungrazed areas, and thereby decreased risk of fire-induced mortality of important herbaceous functional groups. These results suggest that winter grazing may be a fuel management treatment that can be applied across vast shrub-grasslands to decrease wildfire risk and fire intensity to mediate climate change effects on wildfire activity. C1 [Davies, Kirk W.; Boyd, Chad S.; Bates, Jon D.; Hulet, April] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Highway 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Davies, KW (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Highway 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM kirk.davies@oregonstate.edu NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 9 U2 22 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 2 BP 191 EP 199 DI 10.1071/WF15055 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DF8EV UT WOS:000371591000007 ER PT J AU Bova, AS Mell, WE Hoffman, CM AF Bova, Anthony S. Mell, William E. Hoffman, Chad M. TI A comparison of level set and marker methods for the simulation of wildland fire front propagation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE WFDS ID MODEL AB Simulating an advancing fire front may be achieved within a Lagrangian or Eulerian framework. In the former, independently moving markers are connected to form a fire front, whereas in the latter, values representing the moving front are calculated at points within a fixed grid. Despite a mathematical equivalence between the two methods, it is not clear that both will produce the same results when implemented numerically. Here, we describe simulations of fire spread created using a level set Eulerian approach (as implemented in the wildland-urban interface fire dynamics simulator, WFDS) and a marker method (as implemented in FARSITE). Simulations of surface fire spread, in two different fuels and over domains of increasing topographical complexity, are compared to evaluate the difference in outcomes between the two models. The differences between the results of the two models are minor, especially compared with the uncertainties inherent in the modelling of fire spread. C1 [Bova, Anthony S.] CPP Inc, 2400 Midpoint Dr,Suite 190, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Mell, William E.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, 400 North 34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Hoffman, Chad M.] Colorado State Univ, Warner Coll Nat Resources Forest & Rangeland Stew, 1472 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Mell, WE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, 400 North 34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM wemell@fs.fed.us OI Hoffman, Chad/0000-0001-8715-937X FU USFS Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences Laboratory [12-JV-11261987-102]; Colorado State University [12-JV-11261987-102]; Joint Fire Science Project [14-1-01-18] FX Funding for this work was provided primarily by Joint Venture Agreement 12-JV-11261987-102 between the USFS Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences Laboratory and Colorado State University and Joint Fire Science Project 14-1-01-18. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 2 BP 229 EP 241 DI 10.1071/WF13178 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DF8EV UT WOS:000371591000011 ER PT J AU Shakesby, RA Moody, JA Martin, DA Robichaud, PR AF Shakesby, Richard A. Moody, John A. Martin, Deborah A. Robichaud, Peter R. TI Synthesising empirical results to improve predictions of post-wildfire runoff and erosion response SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE ash; climate change; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; overland flow; precipitation; scale ID SOIL-EROSION; DEBRIS FLOWS; RAINFALL; FOREST; FIRE; INFILTRATION; ASH AB Advances in research into wildfire impacts on runoff and erosion have demonstrated increasing complexity of controlling factors and responses, which, combined with changing fire frequency, present challenges for modellers. We convened a conference attended by experts and practitioners in post-wildfire impacts, meteorology and related research, including modelling, to focus on priority research issues. The aim was to improve our understanding of controls and responses and the predictive capabilities of models. This conference led to the eight selected papers in this special issue. They address aspects of the distinctiveness in the controls and responses among wildfire regions, spatiotemporal rainfall variability, infiltration, runoff connectivity, debris flow formation and modelling applications. Here we summarise key findings from these papers and evaluate their contribution to improving understanding and prediction of post-wildfire runoff and erosion under changes in climate, human intervention and population pressure on wildfire-prone areas. C1 [Shakesby, Richard A.] Swansea Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Geog, Singleton Pk, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. [Moody, John A.; Martin, Deborah A.] US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St,Suite E-127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Robichaud, Peter R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 South Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Shakesby, RA (reprint author), Swansea Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Geog, Singleton Pk, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. EM r.a.shakesby@swansea.ac.uk FU US Geological Survey; US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Joint Fire Science Program; Nature Conservancy; Paige Lewis; Decagon Services; National Science Foundation; American Geophysical Union; College of Science, Swansea University FX The effort to make improvements in predicting post-wildfire responses is not trivial, but this initial step was the result of support from the US Geological Survey, US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Joint Fire Science Program, The Nature Conservancy, and particularly Paige Lewis, Decagon Services, National Science Foundation, American Geophysical Union, and College of Science, Swansea University. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 14 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 3 BP 257 EP 261 DI 10.1071/WF16021 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DF8QF UT WOS:000371622400001 ER PT J AU Sidman, G Guertin, DP Goodrich, DC Unkrich, CL Burns, IS AF Sidman, Gabriel Guertin, D. Phillip Goodrich, David C. Unkrich, Carl L. Burns, I. Shea TI Risk assessment of post-wildfire hydrological response in semiarid basins: the effects of varying rainfall representations in the KINEROS2/AGWA model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE Bandelier National Monument; design storm; peak flow; radar; rainfall representation; Zion National Park ID SURFACE RUNOFF; UNITED-STATES; SCALE; INFILTRATION; VARIABILITY; COLORADO; FIRE; UNCERTAINTY; SENSITIVITY; SIMULATION AB Representation of precipitation is one of the most difficult aspects of modelling post-fire runoff and erosion and also one of the most sensitive input parameters to rainfall-runoff models. The impact of post-fire convective rainstorms, especially in semiarid watersheds, depends on the overlap between locations of high-intensity rainfall and areas of high-severity burns. One of the most useful applications of models in post-fire situations is risk assessment to quantify peak flow and identify areas at high risk of flooding and erosion. This study used the KINEROS2/AGWA model to compare several spatial and temporal rainfall representations of post-fire rainfall-runoff events to determine the effect of differing representations on modelled peak flow and determine at-risk locations within a watershed. Post-fire rainfall-runoff events at Zion National Park in Utah and Bandelier National Monument in New Mexico were modelled. Representations considered included both uniform and Soil Conservation Service Type II hyetographs, applying rain over the entire watershed and applying rain only on the burned area, and varying rainfall both temporally and spatially according to radar data. Results showed that rainfall representation greatly affected modelled peak flow, but did not significantly alter the model's predictions for high-risk locations. This has important implications for post-fire assessments before a flood-inducing rainfall event, or for post-storm assessments in areas with low-gauge density or lack of radar data due to mountain beam blockage. C1 [Sidman, Gabriel; Guertin, D. Phillip; Burns, I. Shea] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 1311 East 4th St,Suite 325, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Goodrich, David C.; Unkrich, Carl L.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, 2000 East Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Sidman, G (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 1311 East 4th St,Suite 325, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM gabriel.sidman@winrock.org FU National Park Service via Interagency Agreement FX Thank you to Zion National Park hydrologist David Sharrow, Southern Colorado Plateau Inventory and Monitoring Network hydrologist Stephen Monroe, Bandelier staff Brian Jacobs and Kay Beeley, and Craig Allen of the USGS for their support of this project and providing invaluable data. Thank you also to Brian Mcinerney of NOAA for providing and interpretation of radar data. Financial support provided by the National Park Service via an Interagency Agreement is also gratefully acknowledged. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 3 BP 268 EP 278 DI 10.1071/WF14071 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DF8QF UT WOS:000371622400003 ER PT J AU Williams, CJ Pierson, FB Robichaud, PR Al-Hamdan, OZ Boll, J Strand, EK AF Williams, C. Jason Pierson, Frederick B. Robichaud, Peter R. Al-Hamdan, Osama Z. Boll, Jan Strand, Eva K. TI Structural and functional connectivity as a driver of hillslope erosion following disturbance SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE ecohydrology; fire effects; infiltration; risk assessment; runoff; soil erosion; vegetation transition; wildfire; woodland encroachment ID DEBRIS-FLOW INITIATION; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; STORM KING MOUNTAIN; SAGEBRUSH-STEPPE; POSTFIRE EROSION; OVERLAND-FLOW; SOIL-EROSION; HYDROLOGICAL CONNECTIVITY; JUNIPER ENCROACHMENT; CONCENTRATED FLOW AB Hydrologic response to rainfall on fragmented or burnt hillslopes is strongly influenced by the ensuing connectivity of runoff and erosion processes. Yet cross-scale process connectivity is seldom evaluated in field studies owing to scale limitations in experimental design. This study quantified surface susceptibility and hydrologic response across point to hillslope scales at two degraded unburnt and burnt woodland sites using rainfall simulation and hydrologic modelling. High runoff (31-47 mm) and erosion (154-1893 g m(-2)) measured at the patch scale (13 m(2)) were associated with accumulation of fine-scale (0.5-m(2)) splash-sheet runoff and sediment and concentrated flow formation through contiguous bare zones (64-85% bare ground). Burning increased the continuity of runoff and sediment availability and yield. Cumulative runoff was consistent across plot scales whereas erosion increased with increasing plot area due to enhanced sediment detachment and transport. Modelled hillslope-scale runoff and erosion reflected measured patch-scale trends and the connectivity of processes and sediment availability. The cross-scale experiments and model predictions indicate the magnitude of hillslope response is governed by rainfall input and connectivity of surface susceptibility, sediment availability, and runoff and erosion processes. The results demonstrate the importance in considering cross-scale structural and functional connectivity when forecasting hydrologic and erosion responses to disturbances. C1 [Williams, C. Jason; Pierson, Frederick B.; Al-Hamdan, Osama Z.] ARS, USDA, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, 800 Pk Blvd,Plaza 4,Suite 105, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Williams, C. Jason; Boll, Jan] Univ Idaho, Environm Sci & Water Resources, 875 Perimeter Dr,MS 1142, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Robichaud, Peter R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 South Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Al-Hamdan, Osama Z.; Boll, Jan] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 875 Perimeter Dr,MS 0904, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Strand, Eva K.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, 875 Perimeter Dr,MS 1133, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Williams, CJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, 800 Pk Blvd,Plaza 4,Suite 105, Boise, ID 83712 USA.; Williams, CJ (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Environm Sci & Water Resources, 875 Perimeter Dr,MS 1142, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jason.williams@ars.usda.gov OI Williams, Jason/0000-0002-6289-4789 FU US Joint Fire Science Program; Bureau of Land Management; National Interagency Fire Center FX This manuscript results from a presentation at the American Geophysical Union Chapman Conference on Synthesising Empirical Results to Improve Predictions of Post-wildfire Runoff and Erosion Responses, Estes Park, Colorado, USA, 25-31 August 2013. The authors thank the conference conveners for organising the conference, inviting our presentation, and facilitating extensive discussion and synthesis on the state of knowledge regarding post-wildfire runoff and erosion research. This paper is Contribution Number 106 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), funded by the US Joint Fire Science Program, the Bureau of Land Management and the National Interagency Fire Center. The authors also thank Patrick Kormos for supervision of field data collection and Jaime Calderon and Matthew Frisby for assistance with field data collection. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 74 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 16 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 3 BP 306 EP 321 DI 10.1071/WF14114 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DF8QF UT WOS:000371622400006 ER PT J AU Robichaud, PR Elliot, WJ Lewis, SA Miller, ME AF Robichaud, Peter R. Elliot, William J. Lewis, Sarah A. Miller, Mary Ellen TI Validation of a probabilistic post-fire erosion model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE erosion prediction; FS WEPP; post-fire assessment; probabilistic model ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SOIL-EROSION; MITIGATION TREATMENT; HILLSLOPE EROSION; SEDIMENT YIELDS; WEPP; PREDICTION; WILDFIRE; RUNOFF; FIRE AB Post-fire increases of runoff and erosion often occur and land managers need tools to be able to project the increased risk. The Erosion Risk Management Tool (ERMiT) uses the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model as the underlying processor. ERMiT predicts the probability of a given amount of hillslope sediment delivery from a single rainfall or snowmelt event on unburned, burned and recovering forest, range and chaparral hillslopes and the effectiveness of selected mitigation treatments. Eight published field study sites were used to compare ERMiT predictions with observed sediment deliveries. Most sites experienced only a few rainfall events that produced runoff and sediment (1.3-9.2%) except for a California site with a Mediterranean climate (45.6%). When sediment delivery occurred, pooled Spearman rank correlations indicated significant correlations between the observed sediment delivery and those predicted by ERMiT. Correlations were rho = 0.65 for the controls, rho = 0.59 for the log erosion barriers and rho = 0.27 (not significant) for the mulch treatments. Half of the individual sites also had significant correlations, as did 6 of 7 compared post-fire years. These model validation results suggest reasonable estimates of probabilistic post-fire hillslope sediment delivery when compared with observations from eight field sites. C1 [Robichaud, Peter R.; Elliot, William J.; Lewis, Sarah A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 South Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Miller, Mary Ellen] Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Technol Res Inst, 3600 Green Court,Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Robichaud, PR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 South Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM probichaud@fs.fed.us NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 13 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 3 BP 337 EP 350 DI 10.1071/WF14171 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DF8QF UT WOS:000371622400008 ER PT J AU Sidman, G Guertin, DP Goodrich, DC Thoma, D Falk, D Burns, IS AF Sidman, Gabriel Guertin, D. Phillip Goodrich, David C. Thoma, David Falk, Donald Burns, I. Shea TI A coupled modelling approach to assess the effect of fuel treatments on post-wildfire runoff and erosion SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE AGWA; Bryce Canyon National Park; fire effects; watershed; WFAT; Zion National Park ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; PRESCRIBED FIRE; WILDLAND FIRE; MORTALITY; SEVERITY; MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION; PATTERNS; REGIMES; LIDAR AB The hydrological consequences of wildfires are among their most significant and long-lasting effects. As wildfire severity affects post-fire hydrological response, fuel treatments can be a useful tool for land managers to moderate this response. However, current models focus on only one aspect of the fire-watershed linkage (fuel treatments, fire behaviour, fire severity, watershed responses). This study outlines a spatial modelling approach that couples three models used sequentially to allow managers to model the effects of fuel treatments on post-fire hydrological responses. Case studies involving a planned prescribed fire at Zion National Park and a planned mechanical thinning at Bryce Canyon National Park were used to demonstrate the approach. Fuel treatments were modelled using FuelCalc and FlamMap within the Wildland Fire Assessment Tool (WFAT). The First Order Fire Effects Model (FOFEM) within WFAT was then used to evaluate the effectiveness of the fuel treatments by modelling wildfires on both treated and untreated landscapes. Post-wildfire hydrological response was then modelled using KINEROS2 within the Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment tool (AGWA). This coupled model approach could help managers estimate the effect of planned fuel treatments on wildfire severity and post-wildfire runoff or erosion, and compare various fuel treatment scenarios to optimise resources and maximise mitigation results. C1 [Sidman, Gabriel; Guertin, D. Phillip; Falk, Donald; Burns, I. Shea] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 1311 E 4th St,Ste 325, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Goodrich, David C.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Thoma, David] NPS, Northern Colorado Plateau Network, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Sidman, G (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 1311 E 4th St,Ste 325, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM gabriel.sidman@winrock.org FU National Park Service; Joint Fire Science Program FX This research was made possible through funding from the National Park Service and the Joint Fire Science Program. We thank the staff of Zion and Bryce Canyon national parks, especially David Sharrow, Katie Walsh and Katie Johnson who helped design the case studies presented in this paper. Thank you also to Yoganand Korgaonkar for AGWA technical support, and Kim Ernstrom and Dale Hamilton for WFAT technical support. NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 3 BP 351 EP 362 DI 10.1071/WF14058 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DF8QF UT WOS:000371622400009 ER PT S AU Hnasko, RM Lin, AV Stanker, LH Bala, K McGarvey, JA AF Hnasko, Robert M. Lin, Alice V. Stanker, Larry H. Bala, Kumar McGarvey, Jeffery A. BE Micic, M TI Prion Extraction Methods: Comparison of Bead Beating, Ultrasonic Disruption, and Repeated Freeze-Thaw Methodologies for the Recovery of Functional Renilla-Prion Fusion Protein from Bacteria SO SAMPLE PREPARATION TECHNIQUES FOR SOIL, PLANT, AND ANIMAL SAMPLES SE Springer Protocols Handbooks LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE E. coli; Protein extraction; Fusion protein; Bead beating; Ultrasonic disruption; Freeze-thaw; Renilla; Luciferase; Coelenterazine; Prion; Immunoassay ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; AFFINITY TAGS; LUCIFERASE; PURIFICATION; ANTIBODIES; SOLUBILITY; EXPRESSION; SYSTEMS AB Molecular DNA technology allows for production of mammalian proteins in bacteria at sufficient quantities for downstream use and analysis. Variation in design and engineering of DNA expression vectors imparts selective alterations resulting in the generation of fusion proteins with intrinsic reporters or tags used to facilitate their isolation or detection. A multitude of methods are available for the disruption of bacteria that aid in the recovery of recombinant protein. Here we compare three standard methods for the disruption of bacteria (bead beating, repeated freeze-thaw, and ultrasonic disruption) and evaluate the yield of a functional recombinant renilla-prion fusion protein from crude bacterial extracts. This report provides methods and guidance to maximize the yield of recombinant fusion proteins from bacteria for downstream applications. C1 [Hnasko, Robert M.; Lin, Alice V.] USDA ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Stanker, Larry H.; McGarvey, Jeffery A.] USDA ARS, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Bala, Kumar] MP Biomed LLC, 3 Hutton Ctr Dr, Santa Ana, CA 92707 USA. RP Hnasko, RM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Robert.Hnasko@ars.usda.gov; alice.lin@ars.usda.gov; larry.stanker@ars.usda.gov; kumar.bala@mpbio.com; jeffery.mcgarvey@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1949-2448 BN 978-1-4939-3185-9; 978-1-4939-3184-2 J9 SPRINGER PROTOC HAND PY 2016 BP 389 EP 399 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3185-9_28 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3185-9 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BE4EL UT WOS:000371627100030 ER PT J AU Yeng, WS Meerow, AW Croat, TB AF Yeng, Wong Sin Meerow, Alan W. Croat, Thomas B. TI Resurrection and New Species of the Neotropical Genus Adelonema (Araceae: Philodendron Clade) SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Curmeria; Homalomena; ITS; matK; new combinations; taxonomy ID MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; SHOOT ORGANIZATION; SCHOTT ARACEAE; DNA-SEQUENCES; INFERENCE; ROOTS; MATK; ALIGNMENT; PATTERNS; MODELS AB Previous studies have shown Hontalomena as traditionally defined to be polyphyletic, with Neotropical species phylogenetically distinct from Asian species. This study of 29 accessions of 10 Neotropical taxa, and a total of 135 accessions representing 92 taxa of Homalomena, Furtadoa, and Philodendron for nuclear ITS and plastid matK regions, supports resurrection of the genus Adelonema for Neotropical species currently assigned to Homalomena. Adelonema is here delimited as a Neotropical genus of 16 species divided into two new sections: sect. Adelonema and sect. Curmeria, based on morphologically supported molecular results. The genus Adelonema is distinguished by a hypogeal rhizome, crushed vegetative tissues smelling of anise, an extensively sheathing, sometimes prickly petiole, chartaceous often variegated leaf blades, a spadix either obliquely inserted on the spathe/peduncle (sect. Adelonema), or stipitate (sect. Curmeria), ovaries with 2-4-pluriovulate locules, and anatropous ovules on an axile placenta. Four new species are described: Adelonema orientalis, A. palidinervia, A. panamensis, and A. yanamonoensis. Eleven new combinations are made: Adelonema allenii, A. crinipes, A. hannnelii, A. kvistii, A. moffleriana, A. peltata, A. picturata, A. roezlii, A. speariae, A. wallisii, and A. wendlandii. C1 [Yeng, Wong Sin] Univ Malaysia Sarawak, Fac Resource Sci & Technol, Dept Plant Sci & Environm Ecol, Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia. [Yeng, Wong Sin] Harvard Univ Herbaria, 22 Divin Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Meerow, Alan W.] USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Repository, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Croat, Thomas B.] Missouri Bot Garden, Monsanto Res Bldg,POB 299, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. RP Yeng, WS (reprint author), Univ Malaysia Sarawak, Fac Resource Sci & Technol, Dept Plant Sci & Environm Ecol, Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia.; Yeng, WS (reprint author), Harvard Univ Herbaria, 22 Divin Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM sywong@unimas.my FU Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia [ERGS/01(02)/808/2011(03), FRGS/STWN10(01)985/2013 (26), NRGS/1089/2013-(03)] FX This study was partially funded by Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia through No. ERGS/01(02)/808/2011(03), FRGS/STWN10(01)985/2013 (26) and NRGS/1089/2013-(03). Many thanks to Carla V. Kostelac for her assistance in image searching. We thank two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI LARAMIE PA UNIV WYOMING, DEPT BOTANY 3165, 1000 E UNIVERSITY AVE, LARAMIE, WY 82071 USA SN 0363-6445 EI 1548-2324 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 32 EP 48 DI 10.1600/036364416X690732 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DF9AY UT WOS:000371653800006 ER PT J AU Berthiller, F Brera, C Crews, C Iha, MH Krska, R Lattanzio, VMT MacDonald, S Malone, RJ Maragos, C Solfrizzo, M Stroka, J Whitaker, TB AF Berthiller, F. Brera, C. Crews, C. Iha, M. H. Krska, R. Lattanzio, V. M. T. MacDonald, S. Malone, R. J. Maragos, C. Solfrizzo, M. Stroka, J. Whitaker, T. B. TI Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2014-2015 SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE aflatoxin; Alternaria toxins; ergot alkaloids; fumonisin; ochratoxin A; patulin; trichothecene; zearalenone; sampling; multi-mycotoxin; botanicals; method development ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; ROLLING CIRCLE AMPLIFICATION; HIGHLY SENSITIVE DETECTION; STABLE-ISOTOPE DILUTION; MULTI-TOXIN METHOD; FUMONISIN B-1; LC-MS/MS; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION AB This review summarises developments in the determination of mycotoxins over a period between mid-2014 and mid-2015. In tradition with previous articles of this series, analytical methods to determine aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxins, patulin, trichothecenes and zearalenone are covered in individual sections. Advances in proper sampling strategies are discussed in a dedicated section, as are new methods used to analyse botanicals and spices and newly developed LC-MS based multi-mycotoxin methods. The critical review aims to briefly discuss the most important developments and trends in mycotoxin determination as well as to address shortcomings of current methodologies. C1 [Berthiller, F.; Krska, R.] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Christian Doppler Lab Mycotoxin Metab, Konrad Lorenz Str 20, A-3430 Vienna, Austria. [Berthiller, F.; Krska, R.] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Ctr Analyt Chem, Dept Agrobiotechnol IFA Tulln, Konrad Lorenz Str 20, A-3430 Vienna, Austria. [Brera, C.] ISS, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Food Safety, GMO & Mycotoxins Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Crews, C.; MacDonald, S.] Fera Sci Ltd, York YO41 1LZ, N Yorkshire, England. [Iha, M. H.] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Lab Ribeiro Preto 1, Rua Minas 877, BR-14085410 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. [Lattanzio, V. M. T.; Solfrizzo, M.] CNR, ISPA, Via Amendola 122-O, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Malone, R. J.] Tril Analyt Lab, 870 Vossbrink Dr, Washington, MO 63090 USA. [Maragos, C.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Stroka, J.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, IRMM, Retieseweg 111, B-2440 Geel, Belgium. [Whitaker, T. B.] N Carolina State Univ, Biol & Agr Engn Dept, POB 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Berthiller, F (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Christian Doppler Lab Mycotoxin Metab, Konrad Lorenz Str 20, A-3430 Vienna, Austria.; Berthiller, F (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Ctr Analyt Chem, Dept Agrobiotechnol IFA Tulln, Konrad Lorenz Str 20, A-3430 Vienna, Austria. EM franz.berthiller@boku.ac.at NR 137 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 54 U2 108 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 1 BP 5 EP 29 DI 10.3920/WMJ2015.1998 PG 25 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA DG1HG UT WOS:000371816100002 ER PT J AU Chen, ZY Warburton, ML Hawkins, L Wei, Q Raruang, Y Brown, RL Zhang, L Bhatnagar, D AF Chen, Z. -Y. Warburton, M. L. Hawkins, L. Wei, Q. Raruang, Y. Brown, R. L. Zhang, L. Bhatnagar, D. TI Production of the 14 kDa trypsin inhibitor protein is important for maize resistance against Aspergillus flavus infection/aflatoxin accumulation SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Zea mays L.; transgenic; RNAi silencing; association mapping; Hageman factor inhibitor ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; AFLATOXIN ACCUMULATION; CONTRIBUTING RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; KERNEL INFECTION; CORN KERNELS; EAR ROT; IDENTIFICATION; GENOTYPES; CONTAMINATION AB Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the major crops susceptible to Aspergillus flavus Link ex. Fries infection and subsequent aflatoxin contamination. Previous studies found the production of an antifungal 14 kDa trypsin inhibitor (TI) was associated with maize aflatoxin resistance. To further investigate whether the TI plays any direct role in resistance, a TI gene silencing vector was constructed and transformed into maize. Mature kernels were produced from 66 transgenic lines representing 18 independent events. A final total of twelve lines representing four independent events were confirmed positive for transformation, five of which showed significant reduction (63 to 88%) in TI transcript abundance in seedling leaf tissue and seven of which showed significant TI protein reduction (39-85%) in mature kernels. Six of the seven silenced transgenic lines supported higher levels of aflatoxin production compared to negative controls. To further confirm the role of TI in field resistance to aflatoxin accumulation, DNA sequence polymorphisms from within the gene or linked simple sequence repeats were tested in four quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping populations for QTL effect, and three QTL with log of the odds scores of 11, 4.5, and 3.0 and possibly caused by the TI protein encoding gene were found. Sequence polymorphisms were also tested for association to aflatoxin levels in an association mapping panel, and three single nucleotide polymorphisms were found associated with aflatoxin accumulation (P<0.01). The data from both RNAi and genetic mapping studies demonstrated that production of the TI in maize is important for its resistance to A. flavus infection and/or aflatoxin production. C1 [Chen, Z. -Y.; Raruang, Y.; Zhang, L.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Warburton, M. L.; Hawkins, L.] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wei, Q.; Brown, R. L.; Bhatnagar, D.] USDA ARS, Southern Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Chen, ZY (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM zchen@agcenter.lsu.edu FU USDA [58-6435-1-576]; USDA ARS Aflatoxin Elimination Workshop; Louisiana State Soybean and Small Grain Promotion Board FX We thank Dr. David A. Lightfoot for critical reviewing of the manuscript and Nicole Hazard and David Ambrogio for technical assistance. The authors also thank Drs. Kan Wang and Bronwyn R. Frame (the Center for Plant Transformation, Plant Science Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011) for providing the pTF102 vector and for their help in the transformation of the RNAi vector into maize. This study was supported by USDA cooperative agreement 58-6435-1-576, USDA ARS Aflatoxin Elimination Workshop and Louisiana State Soybean and Small Grain Promotion Board. Published with the approval of the Director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station as manuscript number 2013-240-12902. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 2 BP 215 EP 228 DI 10.3920/WMJ2015.1890 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA DG1HJ UT WOS:000371816400006 ER PT S AU Johanningsmeier, SD Harris, GK Klevorn, CM AF Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D. Harris, G. Keith Klevorn, Claire M. BE Doyle, MP Klaenhammer, TR TI Metabolomic Technologies for Improving the Quality of Food: Practice and Promise SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 7 SE Annual Review of Food Science and Technology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE mass spectrometry; MS; nuclear magnetic resonance; NMR; central metabolism; agricultural practices; processing; storage ID 2-DIMENSIONAL GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NMR-BASED METABOLOMICS; COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS; TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS; H-1-NMR SPECTROSCOPY; FERMENTED CUCUMBERS; INTROGRESSION LINES; BIOMARKER DISCOVERY; PLANT METABOLOMICS AB It is now well documented that the diet has a significant impact on human health and well-being. However, the complete set of small molecule metabolites present in foods that make up the human diet and the role of food production systems in altering this food metabolome are still largely unknown. Metabolomic platforms that rely on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) analytical technologies are being employed to study the impact of agricultural practices, processing, and storage on the global chemical composition of food; to identify novel bioactive compounds; and for authentication and region-of-origin classifications. This review provides an overview of the current terminology, analytical methods, and compounds associated with metabolomic studies, and provides insight into the application of metabolomics to generate new knowledge that enables us to produce, preserve, and distribute high-quality foods for health promotion. C1 [Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D.] N Carolina State Univ, SEA Food Sci Res Unit, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Harris, G. Keith; Klevorn, Claire M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Johanningsmeier, SD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, SEA Food Sci Res Unit, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM suzanne.johanningsmeier@ars.usda.gov; gkharris@ncsu.edu; cmklevor@ncsu.edu NR 136 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 10 U2 19 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1941-1413 BN 978-0-8243-4907-3 J9 ANNU REV FOOD SCI T JI Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol. PY 2016 VL 7 BP 413 EP 438 DI 10.1146/annurev-food-022814-015721 PG 26 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BE3ZR UT WOS:000371430700019 PM 26772413 ER PT J AU Meikle, WG Weiss, M Stilwell, AR AF Meikle, W. G. Weiss, M. Stilwell, A. R. TI Monitoring colony phenology using within-day variability in continuous weight and temperature of honey bee hives SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE continuous hive weight; continuous hive temperature; bee colony phenology; adult bee mass; brood production AB Continuous weight and temperature data were collected for honey bee hives in two locations in Arizona, and those data were evaluated with respect to separate measurements of hive phenology to develop methods for noninvasive hive monitoring. Weight and temperature data were divided into the 25-h running average and the daily within-day changes, or "detrended" data. Data on adult bee and brood masses from hive evaluations were regressed on the amplitudes of sine curves fit to the detrended data. Weight data amplitudes were significantly correlated with adult bee populations during nectar flows, and temperature amplitudes were found inversely correlated with the log of colony brood weight. The relationships were validated using independent datasets. In addition, the effects of an adult bee kill on hive weight data were contrasted with published data on weight changes during swarming. Continuous data were found to be rich sources of information about colony health and activity. C1 [Meikle, W. G.; Weiss, M.; Stilwell, A. R.] USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Stilwell, A. R.] USDA APHIS PPQ, 5940 S 58th St, Lincoln, NE 68516 USA. RP Meikle, WG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM william.meikle@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 9 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 EI 1297-9678 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD JAN PY 2016 VL 47 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1007/s13592-015-0370-1 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DF2HJ UT WOS:000371162900001 ER PT J AU Chapman, NC Harpur, BA Lim, J Rinderer, TE Allsopp, MH Zayed, A Oldroyd, BP AF Chapman, Nadine C. Harpur, Brock A. Lim, Julianne Rinderer, Thomas E. Allsopp, Michael H. Zayed, Amro Oldroyd, Benjamin P. TI Hybrid origins of Australian honeybees (Apis mellifera) SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Australia; beekeeping; single nucleotide polymorphisms; honeybee subspecies; hybrid ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; PROTECTED POPULATIONS; DIALLEL CROSSES; SEQUENCE DATA; BEE COLONIES; HYMENOPTERA; APIDAE; CONSERVATION; ADMIXTURE; AFRICA AB With increased globalisation and homogenisation, the maintenance of genetic integrity in local populations of agriculturally important species is of increasing concern. The western honeybee (Apis mellifera) provides an interesting perspective as it is both managed and wild, with a large native range and much larger introduced range. We employed a newly created 95 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) test to characterise the genetic ancestry of the Australian commercial and feral honeybee populations. We found that most individuals were hybrids of mainly Western and Eastern European ancestry. Introductions of bees from North Africa are known from the historical record, and we show here the presence of alleles of African ancestry in some Australian bees, at levels comparable to those seen in the commercial populations of European-derived bees in North America. C1 [Chapman, Nadine C.; Lim, Julianne; Oldroyd, Benjamin P.] Univ Sydney, Behav & Genet Social Insects Lab, Sch Biol Sci A12, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Harpur, Brock A.; Zayed, Amro] York Univ, Dept Biol, 4700 Keele St, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Rinderer, Thomas E.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Allsopp, Michael H.] ARC Plant Protect Res Inst, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa. RP Chapman, NC (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Behav & Genet Social Insects Lab, Sch Biol Sci A12, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM nadine.chapman@sydney.edu.au FU Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation Australia [PRJ-007774]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Discover; Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovations Early Researcher Award FX This project was supported by grants from Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation PRJ-007774 Australia (BPO), a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Discover grant (AZ) and an Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovations Early Researcher Award (AZ). We thank the Australian Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Plant Health Australia, Biosecurity Australia and many beekeepers for contributing samples. We thank the team at Australian Cancer Research Fund at the Garvan Institute for use of their facilities. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 19 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 EI 1297-9678 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD JAN PY 2016 VL 47 IS 1 BP 26 EP 34 DI 10.1007/s13592-015-0371-0 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DF2HJ UT WOS:000371162900003 ER PT J AU Brown, TW Tucker, CS Rutland, BL AF Brown, Travis W. Tucker, Craig S. Rutland, Billy L. TI Performance evaluation of four different methods for circulating water in commercial-scale, split-pond aquaculture systems SO AQUACULTURAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Circulators; Pumps; Split-ponds; Water flow; Efficiency ID PUMPING PERFORMANCE; PADDLEWHEEL AB Split-pond aquaculture systems are being implemented by United States (US) catfish farmers as a way to improve production performance. The split-pond consists of a fish-culture basin that is connected to a waste-treatment lagoon by two water conveyance structures. Water is circulated between the two basins with high-volume pumps (water circulators) and many different units are being used on commercial farms. In this study circulator performance was evaluated with four different circulating systems. Rotational speeds ranged from 0.5 to 3.5 rpm for a twin, slow rotating paddlewheel; 12.5 to 56.5 rpm for a paddlewheel aerator; 60 to 240 rpm for a high-speed screw pump; and 150 to 600 rpm for an axial-flow pump. Water flow rates ranged from 8.6 to 77.6 m(3)/min and increased with increasing rotational speed. Power input varied directly with flow rate and ranged from 0.24 to 13.43 kW for all four circulators. Water discharge per unit power input (i.e., efficiency) ranged from 3.5 to 70.9 m(3) min(-1) kW(-1) for the circulators tested. In general, efficiency decreased as water flow rate increased. Initial investment cost for each circulator and complete circulating system ranged from US $5850 to $22,900, and $15,335 to $78,660, respectively. The least expensive circulator to operate was the twin, slow-rotating paddlewheel, followed by the paddlewheel aerator, high-speed screw pump, and axial-flow pump. Our results show that four different circulating systems can be effectively installed and used to circulate water in split ponds. However, water flow rate, rotational speed, required power input, efficiency, initial investment cost, and operational expense varied greatly among the systems tested. Long term studies are under-way to better define the relationship between water flow rate and fish production in split-ponds. That information will help identify the water circulating system most appropriate for split-pond aquaculture. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Brown, Travis W.; Tucker, Craig S.] ARS, USDA, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rutland, Billy L.] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, 127 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Brown, TW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM travis.brown@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA Southern Regional Aquaculture Center FX We greatly appreciate the assistance of the Mississippi State University station crew at the Thad Cochran National Warmwater Aquaculture Center. We also thank all those who have taken the time to critically review this manuscript. The authors appreciatively acknowledge financial support from the USDA-NIFA Southern Regional Aquaculture Center. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose for providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8609 EI 1873-5614 J9 AQUACULT ENG JI Aquac. Eng. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 70 BP 33 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2015.12.002 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Fisheries SC Agriculture; Fisheries GA DF4ZV UT WOS:000371362500003 ER PT J AU Wills, PS Pfeiffer, T Baptiste, R Watten, B AF Wills, Paul S. Pfeiffer, Timothy Baptiste, Richard Watten, Barnaby TI Application of a fluidized bed reactor charged with aragonite for control of alkalinity, pH and carbon dioxide in marine recirculating aquaculture systems SO AQUACULTURAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE pH; Carbon dioxide; Control; Aragonite; Alkalinity ID SALMO-SALAR L.; WATER; NEPHROCALCINOSIS; MANAGEMENT; DESIGN; SMOLTS AB Control of alkalinity, dissolved carbon dioxide (dCO(2)), and pH are critical in marine recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) in order to maintain health and maximize growth. A small-scale prototype aragonite sand filled fluidized bed reactor was tested under varying conditions of alkalinity and dCO(2) to develop and model the response of dCO(2) across the reactor. A large-scale reactor was then incorporated into an operating marine recirculating aquaculture system to observe the reactor as the system moved toward equilibrium. The relationship between alkalinity dCO(2), and pH across the reactor are described by multiple regression equations. The change in dCO(2) across the small-scale reactor indicated a strong likelihood that an equilibrium alkalinity would be maintained by using a fluidized bed aragonite reactor. The large-scale reactor verified this observation and established equilibrium at an alkalinity of approximately 135 mg/L as CaCO3, dCO(2) of 9 mg/L, and a pH of 7.0 within 4 days that was stable during a 14 day test period. The fluidized bed aragonite reactor has the potential to simplify alkalinity and pH control, and aid in dCO(2) control in RAS design and operation. Aragonite sand, purchased in bulk, is less expensive than sodium bicarbonate and could reduce overall operating production costs. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wills, Paul S.; Baptiste, Richard] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement, 5600 US 1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. [Pfeiffer, Timothy] USDA ARS, Sustainable Marine Aquaculture Syst, 5600 US 1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. [Watten, Barnaby] USGS, Leetown Sci Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, One Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. [Pfeiffer, Timothy] Aquaculture Syst Technol LLC, 108 Ind Ave, New Orleans, LA 70121 USA. RP Wills, PS (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement, 5600 US 1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. EM pwills2@fau.edu FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [6225-63000-007-00D] FX We would like to thank CaribSea, Inc. for providing the aragonite sand used for these experiments and to Jay Adams, Gary Luisi, and, Peter Stock of FAU-HBOI for facility support. This study was funded by the USDA Agricultural Research Service under Project No. 6225-63000-007-00D. All programs and services of the U.S. Government are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, marital status, or handicap. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8609 EI 1873-5614 J9 AQUACULT ENG JI Aquac. Eng. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 70 BP 81 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2015.10.001 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Fisheries SC Agriculture; Fisheries GA DF4ZV UT WOS:000371362500008 ER PT J AU Lee, HM Paulot, F Henze, DK Travis, K Jacob, DJ Pardo, LH Schichtel, BA AF Lee, H. -M. Paulot, F. Henze, D. K. Travis, K. Jacob, D. J. Pardo, L. H. Schichtel, B. A. TI Sources of nitrogen deposition in Federal Class I areas in the US SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN NATIONAL-PARK; BIOSPHERE-ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE; GASEOUS DRY DEPOSITION; UNITED-STATES; GEOS-CHEM; BIDIRECTIONAL FLUX; AMMONIA EMISSIONS; WET DEPOSITION; CRITICAL LOADS; ADJOINT MODEL AB It is desired to control excessive reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition due to its detrimental impact on ecosystems. Using a three-dimensional atmospheric chemical transport model, GEOS-Chem, Nr deposition in the contiguous US and eight selected Class I areas (Voyageurs (VY), Smoky Mountain (SM), Shenandoah (SD), Big Bend (BB), Rocky Mountain (RM), Grand Teton (GT), Joshua Tree (JT), and Sequoia (SQ)) is investigated. First, modeled Nr deposition is compared with National Trends Network (NTN) and Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNET) deposition values. The seasonality of measured species is generally well represented by the model (R-2 > 0.6), except in JT. While modeled Nr is generally within the range of seasonal observations, large overestimates are present in sites such as SM and SD in the spring and summer (up to 0.6 kg N ha month(-1)), likely owing to model high-biases in surface HNO3. The contribution of non-measured species (mostly dry deposition of NH3) to total modeled Nr deposition ranges from 1 to 55 %. The spatial distribution of the origin of Nr deposited in each Class I area and the contributions of individual emission sectors are estimated using the GEOS-Chem adjoint model. We find the largest role of long-range transport for VY, where 50% (90 %) of annual Nr deposition originates within 670 (1670) km of the park. In contrast, the Nr emission footprint is most localized for SQ, where 50% (90 %) of the deposition originates from within 130 (370) km. Emissions from California contribute to the Nr deposition in remote areas in the western US (RM, GT). Mobile NOx and livestock NH3 are found to be the major sources of Nr deposition in all sites except BB, where contributions of NOx from lightning and soils to natural levels of Nr deposition are significant (similar to 40 %). The efficiency in terms of Nr deposition per kg emissions of NH3-N, NOx-N, and SO2-S are also estimated. Unique seasonal features are found in JT (opposing efficiency distributions for winter and summer), RM (large fluctuations in the range of effective regions), and SD (upwind NH3 emissions hindering Nr deposition). We also evaluate the contributions of emissions to the total area of Class I regions in critical load exceedance, and to the total magnitude of exceedance. We find that while it is effective to control emissions in the western US to reduce the area of regions in CL exceedance, it can be more effective to control emissions in the eastern US to reduce the magnitude of Nr deposition above the CL. Finally, uncertainty in the nitrogen deposition caused by uncertainty in the NH3 emission inventory is explored by comparing results based on two different NH3 inventories; noticeable differences in the emission inventories and thus sensitivities of up to a factor of four found in individual locations. C1 [Lee, H. -M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Paulot, F.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Paulot, F.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Henze, D. K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Travis, K.; Jacob, D. J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Pardo, L. H.] Univ Vermont, Aiken Ctr, US Forest Serv, USDA,Northern Res Stn, Burlington, VT USA. [Schichtel, B. A.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Lee, HM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM hyungmin.lee@colorado.edu RI Travis, Katherine/G-1417-2016; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014 OI Travis, Katherine/0000-0003-1628-0353; FU NASA Air Quality Applied Sciences Team [NNX11AI54G]; NSF [ANT 1244958] FX We acknowledge support from the NASA Air Quality Applied Sciences Team, grant NNX11AI54G and NSF grant ANT 1244958. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 28 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2016 VL 16 IS 2 BP 525 EP 540 DI 10.5194/acp-16-525-2016 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DF3YH UT WOS:000371284000005 ER PT S AU Lynn, DE Harrison, RL AF Lynn, Dwight E. Harrison, Robert L. BE Murhammer, DW TI Available Lepidopteran Insect Cell Lines SO BACULOVIRUS AND INSECT CELL EXPRESSION PROTOCOLS, 3RD EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Lepidoptera; Continuous cell lines ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; LARVAL FAT-BODIES; PHTHORIMAEA-OPERCULELLA ZELLER; MAMESTRA-BRASSICAE LEPIDOPTERA; SPODOPTERA-EXIGUA LEPIDOPTERA; HELIOTHIS-ZEA BODDIE; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; BOMBYX-MORI; CABBAGE ARMYWORM; PUPAL OVARIES AB This chapter lists the known cell lines from Lepidoptera, largely based on previous compilations of insect cell lines published by W. Fred Hink. More than 320 lines from 65 species are listed. The official designation is given for each cell line as well as the species, tissue source, and, when known, the susceptibilities to baculoviruses. C1 [Lynn, Dwight E.] INSell Consulting, Newcastle, ME USA. [Harrison, Robert L.] USDA ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Lynn, DE (reprint author), INSell Consulting, Newcastle, ME USA. OI Harrison, Robert/0000-0002-8348-3874 NR 114 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3043-2; 978-1-4939-3042-5 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1350 BP 119 EP 142 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2_6 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2 PG 24 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA BE3TY UT WOS:000371264800007 PM 26820856 ER PT S AU Lynn, DE Harrison, RL AF Lynn, Dwight E. Harrison, Robert L. BE Murhammer, DW TI Routine Maintenance and Storage of Lepidopteran Insect Cell Lines and Baculoviruses SO BACULOVIRUS AND INSECT CELL EXPRESSION PROTOCOLS, 3RD EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Insect cells; Cell line maintenance; Cell line storage; Liquid nitrogen freezing; Cell line testing; Sterility; Identification; Baculovirus storage ID NUCLEAR-POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; CULTURES; INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION; ESTABLISHMENT; REPLICATION; SELECTION; PASSAGE; LEVEL AB The various methods for maintaining (i.e., subculturing, splitting, or passaging) established lepidopteran cell lines are described. Three procedures are presented that are appropriate for different cell lines dependent upon the growth characteristics (in particular, cell attachment properties) of the cells of interest. In addition to the routine maintenance of cells in active culture, methods are also described for both short-term (low temperature) and long-term (frozen in liquid nitrogen) storage of cell lines, as well as quality control procedures for the cultures. Methods for storing baculoviruses for use in cell cultures and issues of concern when using cell cultures for their production and study are also described. C1 [Lynn, Dwight E.] INSell Consulting, Newcastle, ME USA. [Harrison, Robert L.] USDA ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Lynn, DE (reprint author), INSell Consulting, Newcastle, ME USA. OI Harrison, Robert/0000-0002-8348-3874 NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3043-2; 978-1-4939-3042-5 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1350 BP 197 EP 221 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2_9 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2 PG 25 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA BE3TY UT WOS:000371264800010 PM 26820859 ER PT S AU Harrison, RL Jarvis, DL AF Harrison, Robert L. Jarvis, Donald L. BE Murhammer, DW TI Transforming Lepidopteran Insect Cells for Continuous Recombinant Protein Expression SO BACULOVIRUS AND INSECT CELL EXPRESSION PROTOCOLS, 3RD EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Insect cells; Baculovirus; Baculovirus expression vector system; BEVS; Cell transformation; Genetic engineering ID FOREIGN GENE-EXPRESSION; HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; HETEROLOGOUS PROTEINS; STABLE TRANSFORMATION; INDUCIBLE EXPRESSION; PIGGYBAC TRANSPOSON; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SELECTABLE MARKER; 25K GENE; BACULOVIRUS AB The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is widely used to produce large quantities of recombinant proteins. However, the yields of extracellular and membrane-bound proteins obtained with this system are often very low, possibly due to the adverse effects of baculovirus infection on the host insect cell secretory pathway. An alternative approach to producing poorly expressed proteins is to transform lepidopteran insect cells with the gene of interest under the control of promoters that are constitutively active in uninfected cells, thereby making cell lines that continuously express recombinant protein. This chapter provides an overview of the methods and considerations for making stably transformed lepidopteran insect cells. Techniques for the insertion of genes into continuous expression vectors, transfection of cells, and the selection and isolation of stably transformed Sf-9 clones by either colony formation or end-point dilution are described in detail. C1 [Harrison, Robert L.] USDA ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Jarvis, Donald L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Mol Biol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Harrison, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. OI Harrison, Robert/0000-0002-8348-3874 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM49734] NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3043-2; 978-1-4939-3042-5 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1350 BP 329 EP 348 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2_16 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2 PG 20 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA BE3TY UT WOS:000371264800017 PM 26820866 ER PT S AU Harrison, RL Jarvis, DL AF Harrison, Robert L. Jarvis, Donald L. BE Murhammer, DW TI Transforming Lepidopteran Insect Cells for Improved Protein Processing and Expression SO BACULOVIRUS AND INSECT CELL EXPRESSION PROTOCOLS, 3RD EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Insect cells; Baculovirus; Baculovirus expression vector system; BEVS; Cell transformation; Genetic engineering; Metabolic engineering; Protein N-glycosylation; Glycosyltransferase; Protein folding; Protein trafficking ID N-GLYCOSYLATION PATHWAY; ASPARAGINE-LINKED OLIGOSACCHARIDES; SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA SF-9; LOBES GENE ENCODES; MAMMALIAN BETA-1,4-GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE; RECOMBINANT GLYCOPROTEINS; SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITIES; BACULOVIRUS SYSTEM; SIALIC-ACID; SF9 CELLS AB The lepidopteran insect cells used with the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) are capable of synthesizing and accurately processing foreign proteins. However, proteins expressed in baculovirus-infected cells often fail to be completely processed, or are not processed in a manner that meets a researcher's needs. This chapter discusses a metabolic engineering approach that addresses this problem. Basically, this approach involves the addition of new or enhancement of existing protein processing functions in established lepidopteran insect cell lines. In addition to improvements in protein processing, this approach has also been used to improve protein expression levels obtained with the BEVS. Methods for engineering cell lines and assessing their properties as improved hosts for the BEVS are detailed. Examples of lepidopteran insect cell lines engineered for improved protein N-glycosylation, folding/trafficking, and expression are described in detail. C1 [Harrison, Robert L.] USDA ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Jarvis, Donald L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Mol Biol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Harrison, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. OI Harrison, Robert/0000-0002-8348-3874 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM49734] NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3043-2; 978-1-4939-3042-5 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1350 BP 359 EP 379 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2_18 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2 PG 21 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA BE3TY UT WOS:000371264800019 PM 26820868 ER PT S AU Popham, HJR Nusawardani, T Bonning, BC AF Popham, Holly J. R. Nusawardani, Tyasning Bonning, Bryony C. BE Murhammer, DW TI Introduction to the Use of Baculoviruses as Biological Insecticides SO BACULOVIRUS AND INSECT CELL EXPRESSION PROTOCOLS, 3RD EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter DE Baculovirus insecticides; Recombinant baculovirus; Insect pest management ID SINGLE-NUCLEOCAPSID NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; RECOMBINANT BACULOVIRUS; SCORPION NEUROTOXINS; EXPRESSION; TOXIN; SYSTEMS; LARVAE; BIOPESTICIDES; INACTIVATION AB Baculoviruses are widely used both as protein expression vectors and as insect pest control agents. This section provides an overview of the baculovirus life cycle and use of baculoviruses as insecticidal agents. This chapter includes discussion of the pros and cons for use of baculoviruses as insecticides, and progress made in genetic enhancement of baculoviruses for improved insecticidal efficacy. These viruses are used extensively for control of insect pests in a diverse range of agricultural and forest habitats. C1 [Popham, Holly J. R.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. [Popham, Holly J. R.] AgBiTech, Columbia, MO USA. [Nusawardani, Tyasning; Bonning, Bryony C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA USA. RP Popham, HJR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65205 USA.; Popham, HJR (reprint author), AgBiTech, Columbia, MO USA. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3043-2; 978-1-4939-3042-5 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1350 BP 383 EP 392 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2_19 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA BE3TY UT WOS:000371264800020 PM 26820869 ER PT S AU Popham, HJR Ellersieck, MR Li, HR Bonning, BC AF Popham, Holly J. R. Ellersieck, Mark R. Li, Huarong Bonning, Bryony C. BE Murhammer, DW TI Evaluation of the Insecticidal Efficacy of Wild Type and Recombinant Baculoviruses SO BACULOVIRUS AND INSECT CELL EXPRESSION PROTOCOLS, 3RD EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Recombinant baculovirus; Insecticidal efficacy; Host range; Droplet feeding; Diet plug bioassay; Feeding damage; Microapplicator; LC50; LD50; ST50 ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; TOBACCO BUDWORM; LARVAE; NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; VIRULENCE AB A considerable amount of work has been undertaken to genetically enhance the efficacy of baculovirus insecticides. Following construction of a genetically altered baculovirus, laboratory bioassays are used to quantify various parameters of insecticidal activity such as the median lethal concentration ( or dose) required to kill 50 % of infected larvae (LC50 or LD50), median survival of larvae infected (ST50), and feeding damage incurred by infected larvae. In this chapter, protocols are described for a variety of bioassays and the corresponding data analyses for assessment of the insecticidal activity of baculovirus insecticides. C1 [Popham, Holly J. R.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. [Popham, Holly J. R.] AgBiTech, Columbia, MO USA. [Ellersieck, Mark R.] Univ Missouri, Dept Stat, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Li, Huarong] Dow AgroSci, Dow AgroSci Discovery Res, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Bonning, Bryony C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA USA. RP Popham, HJR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3043-2; 978-1-4939-3042-5 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1350 BP 407 EP 444 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2_21 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2 PG 38 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA BE3TY UT WOS:000371264800022 PM 26820871 ER PT J AU Romadanova, NV Mishustina, SA Gritsenko, DA Omasheva, MY Galiakparov, NN Reed, BM Kushnarenko, SV AF Romadanova, Natalya V. Mishustina, Svetlana A. Gritsenko, Dilyara A. Omasheva, Madina Y. Galiakparov, Nurbol N. Reed, Barbara M. Kushnarenko, Svetlana V. TI CRYOTHERAPY AS A METHOD FOR REDUCING THE VIRUS INFECTION OF APPLES (Malus sp.) SO CRYOLETTERS LA English DT Article DE cryotherapy; Malus cryobank; multiplex PCR; viruses; vitrification; virus-free ID SHOOT TIPS; MOSAIC-VIRUS; ERADICATION; CRYOPRESERVATION; THERMOTHERAPY; ELIMINATION; SURVIVAL; CULTURE; POTATO AB BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need in Kazakhstan for virus-free nursery stock to reinvigorate the industry and preserve historic cultivars. An in vitro collection of apples could be used for virus testing and elimination and to provide virus-free elite stock plants to nurseries. METHODS: Malus sieversii Ledeb. M. Roem. and Malus domestica Borkh. accessions were initiated in vitro for virus identification and elimination. Reverse transcription and multiplex PCR were used to test for five viruses. PVS2 vitrification was used as a tool for cryotherapy. RESULTS: Four viruses, Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) and Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) were detected in 17 accessions. Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) was not detected. ACLSV affected 53.8% of the accessions, ASPV 30.8%, ASGV 5.1%, and ApMV was found only in 'Aport Alexander'. Cryotherapy produced virus-free shoot tips for seven of nine cultivars tested. Six cultivars had 60-100% elimination of ACLSV. CONCLUSIONS: An in vitro collection of 59 accessions was established. Virus elimination using cryotherapy produced virus-free shoots for seven of nine cultivars and is a promising technique for developing a virus-free apple collection. C1 [Romadanova, Natalya V.; Mishustina, Svetlana A.; Gritsenko, Dilyara A.; Omasheva, Madina Y.; Galiakparov, Nurbol N.; Kushnarenko, Svetlana V.] Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Timiryazev Str 45, Alma Ata 050040, Kazakhstan. [Reed, Barbara M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Romadanova, NV (reprint author), Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Timiryazev Str 45, Alma Ata 050040, Kazakhstan. EM nata_romadanova@mail.ru FU Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan [0491/GF3] FX This study was performed within the grant project of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 0491/GF3 "Creation of a cryogenic bank of apple promising varieties and clonal rootstocks on the basis of biotechnology". NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 11 PU CRYO LETTERS PI LONDON PA C/O ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE, ROYAL COLLEGE ST, LONDON NW1 0TU, ENGLAND SN 0143-2044 EI 1742-0644 J9 CRYOLETTERS JI CryoLetters PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 37 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 PG 9 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA DF5AI UT WOS:000371363800001 PM 26964019 ER PT J AU Harris, RA Shah, R Hollister, EB Tronstad, RR Hovdenak, N Szigeti, R Versalovic, J Kellermayer, R AF Harris, R. Alan Shah, Rajesh Hollister, Emily B. Tronstad, Rune Rose Hovdenak, Nils Szigeti, Reka Versalovic, James Kellermayer, Richard TI Colonic Mucosal Epigenome and Microbiome Development in Children and Adolescents SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; PEDIATRIC ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; DNA METHYLATION; EPIGENETICS; POPULATION; MICE; PREVALENCE; ORIGINS; IBD AB Epigenetic and microbiome changes during pediatric development have been implicated as important elements in the developmental origins of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which are linked to early onset colorectal cancer (CRC). Colonic mucosal samples from 22 control children between 3.5 and 17.5 years of age were studied by Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips and, in 10 cases, by 454 pyrosequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Intercalating age-specific DNA methylation and microbiome changes were identified, which may have significant translational relevance in the developmental origins of IBD and CRC. C1 [Harris, R. Alan] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Shah, Rajesh] Baylor Coll Med, Sect Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Hollister, Emily B.; Szigeti, Reka; Versalovic, James] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Hollister, Emily B.; Versalovic, James; Kellermayer, Richard] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Tronstad, Rune Rose] Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. [Tronstad, Rune Rose] Haukeland Hosp, Dept Pediat, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. [Hovdenak, Nils] Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Med, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. [Kellermayer, Richard] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kellermayer, Richard] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kellermayer, R (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA.; Kellermayer, R (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.; Kellermayer, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kellerma@bcm.edu FU NIH [P30 DK56338] FX Richard Kellermayer would like to acknowledge the Gutsy Kids Fund including philanthropic donation from the Karen and Brock Wagner family and the Houston Men of Distinction for their generous support. The authors also acknowledge support from the NIH for the Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (P30 DK56338). NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU HINDAWI LTD PI LONDON PA ADAM HOUSE, 3RD FLR, 1 FITZROY SQ, LONDON, WIT 5HE, ENGLAND SN 2314-8861 EI 2314-7156 J9 J IMMUNOL RES JI J Immunol. Res. PY 2016 AR 9170162 DI 10.1155/2016/9170162 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DF7YR UT WOS:000371574300001 ER PT J AU Wu, JJ Xu, WC Alig, RJ AF Wu, JunJie Xu, Wenchao Alig, Ralph J. TI How Do the Location, Size and Budget of Open Space Conservation Affect Land Values? SO JOURNAL OF REAL ESTATE FINANCE AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Open space conservation; Land values; Environmental amenities; Community characteristics ID RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY-VALUES; PUBLIC OPEN-SPACE; VALUING OPEN SPACE; AMENITIES; SUBDIVISIONS; FINANCE; MODEL AB In this article we present a model to examine the optimal location, size, and budget of open space conservation and the resulting impact on land values and local fiscal conditions in an urban area. Results indicate that open space conservation can transform the defining features of an urban landscape. A well-designed open space conservation program can improve municipal services, increase total property values, and attract households to the city without substantially increasing tax burdens, while an improperly designed open space program can have the opposite effects. Results also reveal the key parameters that determine the optimal location and size of open space conservation and their fiscal and land value effects. C1 [Wu, JunJie] Oregon State Univ, Dept Appl Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Xu, Wenchao] Xiamen Univ, Sch Econ, Dept Econ, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Xu, Wenchao] Xiamen Univ, WISE, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Alig, Ralph J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Wu, JJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Appl Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM junjie.wu@oregonstate.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station [JVA 11-JV-11261985-073]; U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-70002-19388] FX The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. This paper is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station JVA 11-JV-11261985-073, and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture under Award No. 2012-70002-19388. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of their home institutions or the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0895-5638 EI 1573-045X J9 J REAL ESTATE FINANC JI J. Real Estate Financ. Econ. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 52 IS 1 BP 73 EP 97 DI 10.1007/s11146-015-9506-3 PG 25 WC Business, Finance; Economics; Urban Studies SC Business & Economics; Urban Studies GA DF4NP UT WOS:000371326200004 ER PT J AU Atehnkeng, J Donner, M Ojiambo, PS Ikotun, B Augusto, J Cotty, PJ Bandyopadhyay, R AF Atehnkeng, Joseph Donner, Matthias Ojiambo, Peter S. Ikotun, Babatunde Augusto, Joao Cotty, Peter J. Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit TI Environmental distribution and genetic diversity of vegetative compatibility groups determine biocontrol strategies to mitigate aflatoxin contamination of maize by Aspergillus flavus SO MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 3 AGROECOLOGICAL ZONES; SECTION FLAVI; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; SCLEROTIA PRODUCTION; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; POPULATIONS; STRAINS; NIGERIA AB Maize infected by aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus may become contaminated with aflatoxins, and as a result, threaten human health, food security and farmers' income in developing countries where maize is a staple. Environmental distribution and genetic diversity of A. flavus can influence the effectiveness of atoxigenic isolates in mitigating aflatoxin contamination. However, such information has not been used to facilitate selection and deployment of atoxigenic isolates. A total of 35 isolates of A. flavus isolated from maize samples collected from three agroecological zones of Nigeria were used in this study. Ecophysiological characteristics, distribution and genetic diversity of the isolates were determined to identify vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). The generated data were used to inform selection and deployment of native atoxigenic isolates to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in maize. In co-inoculation with toxigenic isolates, atoxigenic isolates reduced aflatoxin contamination in grain by >96%. A total of 25 VCGs were inferred from the collected isolates based on complementation tests involving nitrate non-utilizing (nit-) mutants. To determine genetic diversity and distribution of VCGs across agroecological zones, 832 nit-mutants from 52 locations in 11 administrative districts were paired with one self-complementary nitrate auxotroph tester-pair for each VCG. Atoxigenic VCGs accounted for 81.1% of the 153 positive complementations recorded. Genetic diversity of VCGs was highest in the derived savannah agro-ecological zone (H = 2.61) compared with the southern Guinea savannah (H = 1.90) and northern Guinea savannah (H = 0.94) zones. Genetic richness (H = 2.60) and evenness (E-5 = 0.96) of VCGs were high across all agro-ecological zones. Ten VCGs (40%) had members restricted to the original location of isolation, whereas 15 VCGs (60%) had members located between the original source of isolation and a distance > 400 km away. The present study identified widely distributed VCGs in Nigeria such as AV0222, AV3279, AV3304 and AV16127, whose atoxigenic members can be deployed for a region-wide biocontrol of toxigenic isolates to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize. C1 [Atehnkeng, Joseph; Augusto, Joao; Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit] Int Inst Trop Agr, Plant Pathol Unit, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Donner, Matthias] Univ Bonn, Inst Plant Dis Phytopathol & Nematol Soil Ecosyst, Bonn, Germany. [Ojiambo, Peter S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Box 7616, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ikotun, Babatunde] Univ Ibadan, Dept Crop Protect & Environm Biol, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Cotty, Peter J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, Div Plant Pathol & Microbiol, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Bandyopadhyay, R (reprint author), Int Inst Trop Agr, Plant Pathol Unit, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria. EM r.bandyopadhyay@cgiar.org OI Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit/0000-0003-2422-4298 FU Bundesministerium fur wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, BMZ (German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development) [2002.7860.6-001.00] FX This study was funded by the Bundesministerium fur wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, BMZ (German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development) Project No. 2002.7860.6-001.00. NR 70 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1751-7907 EI 1751-7915 J9 MICROB BIOTECHNOL JI Microb. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 9 IS 1 BP 75 EP 88 DI 10.1111/1751-7915.12324 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DF3HV UT WOS:000371235700008 PM 26503309 ER PT J AU Voitk, A Beug, MW O'Donnell, K Burzynski, M AF Voitk, Andrus Beug, Michael W. O'Donnell, Kerry Burzynski, Michael TI Two new species of true morels from Newfoundland and Labrador: cosmopolitan Morchella eohespera and parochial M. laurentiana SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Ascomycota; molecular phylogenetics; Morchella elata clade; Morchellaceae; Pezizales ID REVEALS; TURKEY; PEZIZALES; EUROPE AB Morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies of true morels (Morchella) in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador resulted in the discovery of two undescribed species in the M. elata clade that we initially distinguished by the informal designations Mel-19 and Mel-36. The latter species, also collected in New Brunswick, Canada, is hitherto known only from the St Lawrence River Basin. Mel-36 is described here as a novel, phylogenetically distinct species, M. laurentiana. Before the discovery of Mel-19 in Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick and Washington state it was only known from central China and central and northern Europe. Mel-19 is described here as a novel species, M. eohespera. C1 [Voitk, Andrus; Burzynski, Michael] Foray Newfoundland & Labrador, 21 Pond Rd, Rocky Harbour, NF A0K 4N0, Canada. [Beug, Michael W.] Evergreen State Coll, Olympia, WA 98505 USA. [O'Donnell, Kerry] ARS, USDA, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Voitk, A (reprint author), Foray Newfoundland & Labrador, 21 Pond Rd, Rocky Harbour, NF A0K 4N0, Canada. EM seened@gmail.com NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 12 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 EI 1557-2536 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 31 EP 37 DI 10.3852/15-149 PG 7 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA DF7BM UT WOS:000371512500004 PM 26553777 ER PT J AU Vishwanathan, R Schalch, W Johnson, EJ AF Vishwanathan, Rohini Schalch, Wolfgang Johnson, Elizabeth J. TI Macular pigment carotenoids in the retina and occipital cortex are related in humans SO NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Lutein; Zeaxanthin; Meso-zeaxanthin; Retina; Brain; Cognition; Macular pigment ID OPTICAL-DENSITY; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; UNITED-STATES; OLDER-ADULTS; LUTEIN; ZEAXANTHIN; AGE; SUPPLEMENTATION; POPULATION AB Objectives: Lutein and zeaxanthin are dietary carotenoids that preferentially accumulate in the macular region of the retina. Together with meso-zeaxanthin, a conversion product of lutein in the macula, they form the macular pigment. Lutein is also the predominant carotenoid in human brain tissue and lutein status is associated with cognitive function in adults. The study objective was to evaluate the relationship between retinal and brain lutein and zeaxanthin in humans. Methods: Donated brain tissue (occipital cortex and hippocampus) and matched retina were obtained from the National Disease Research Interchange, a national human tissue resource center which adheres to strict consent and confidentiality procedures. Decedents were men and women aged >50 years who either had normal cognitive function or Alzheimer's disease. Tissues were analyzed using standard lipid extractions followed by analysis on reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and normal-phase HPLC (for meso-zeaxanthin). Results: Macular pigment carotenoids (lutein, meso-zeaxanthin, and zeaxanthin combined) in the retina were significantly related to the combined concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in the occipital cortex. When analyzed separately, only retinal lutein (plus meso-zeaxanthin), not zeaxanthin, was significantly related to lutein in the occipital cortex. No correlations were observed with lutein and zeaxanthin in the hippocampus. Discussion: Total macular pigment density measured via non-invasive, psychophysical techniques can be used as a biomarker to ascertain brain lutein and zeaxanthin status in clinical studies. C1 [Vishwanathan, Rohini; Johnson, Elizabeth J.] Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schalch, Wolfgang] DSM Nutr Prod Ltd, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland. RP Johnson, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM elizabeth.johnson@tufts.edu FU USDA, DSM Nutritionals [1950-51000-065-08S] FX USDA# 1950-51000-065-08S, DSM Nutritionals. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1028-415X EI 1476-8305 J9 NUTR NEUROSCI JI Nutr. Neurosci. PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1179/1476830514Y.0000000141 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA DF4GT UT WOS:000371306700001 PM 25752849 ER PT J AU Young, FL Whaley, DK Lawrence, NC Burke, IC AF Young, Frank L. Whaley, Dale K. Lawrence, Nevin C. Burke, Ian C. TI Feral Rye (Secale cereale) Control in Winter Canola in the Pacific Northwest SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Herbicide efficacy; summer fallow; weed biomass; weed density; weed seed production ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; CROPPING SYSTEMS; ANNUAL GRASSES; WHEAT; IMAZAMOX; INTERFERENCE; WEEDS AB In the Pacific Northwest (PNW), feral rye is a predominant winter annual grass weed in the low-rainfall region where a winter wheat-summer fallow rotation has been practiced for more than 130 yr. Recently, producers began including winter canola in their rotation, which provides additional herbicide options to control feral rye. A 3-yr study was conducted in Washington to determine the efficacy of clethodim, quizalofop, and glyphosate on feral rye control and winter canola yield. During the first year of the study herbicides were applied in the spring, and they increased canola yield and decreased feral rye biomass, density, and seed production similarly when compared with the nontreated control. During the last 2 yr of the study, split applications of quizalofop and glyphosate were the most effective treatments for controlling rye (> 95%) and increasing canola yield. In general, clethodim was less effective than both quizalofop and glyphosate in controlling feral rye. Results from this study indicate that quizalofop in conventional or glyphosate-resistant winter canola and glyphosate in glyphosate-resistant winter canola can effectively control feral rye. C1 [Young, Frank L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Northwest Sustainable Agroecosyst Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Whaley, Dale K.] Washington State Univ, Waterville, WA 98858 USA. [Lawrence, Nevin C.; Burke, Ian C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Young, FL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Northwest Sustainable Agroecosyst Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM youngfl@wsu.edu FU Washington State Biofuel Initiative FX Partial funding for this research was from the Washington State Biofuel Initiative. The authors thank Larry McGrew, Dennis Roe, Eric Zackarison, and Laban Molsee for their help with plot establishment and maintenance, data collection, pesticide applications, and grain harvest. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 11 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X EI 1550-2740 J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 30 IS 1 BP 163 EP 170 DI 10.1614/WT-D-15-00109.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DE3AG UT WOS:000370498600018 ER PT J AU Lyon, DJ Huggins, DR Spring, JF AF Lyon, Drew J. Huggins, David R. Spring, John F. TI Windrow Burning Eliminates Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp multiflorum) Seed Viability SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Crop-residue management; harvest weed seed control; Pacific Northwest ID GOATGRASS AEGILOPS-CYLINDRICA; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; RIGIDUM; AUSTRALIA; SYSTEMS; SITE AB Windrow burning is one of several harvest weed seed control strategies that have been developed and evaluated in Australia to address the widespread evolution of multiple herbicide resistance in annual weeds. Herbicide-resistant Italian ryegrass populations are common in the Palouse region of eastern Washington and northern Idaho. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of burning standing stubble and narrow windrows on the survival of Italian ryegrass seed on the soil surface and to determine the amount of crop residue remaining after both practices. Italian ryegrass emergence was 63, 48, and 1% for the nonburned check, burned standing stubble, and burned windrow treatments, respectively. Crop-residue dry weights were 9.94, 5.69, and 5.79 Mg ha(-1) for these same treatments. Windrow burning can be an effective tactic in an integrated weed management strategy for Italian ryegrass control in the Palouse region of eastern Washington and northern Idaho. C1 [Lyon, Drew J.; Spring, John F.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, POB 646420, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Huggins, David R.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Northwest Sustainable Agroecosyst Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Lyon, DJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, POB 646420, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM drew.lyon@wsu.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X EI 1550-2740 J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 30 IS 1 BP 279 EP 283 DI 10.1614/WT-D-15-00118.1 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DE3AG UT WOS:000370498600032 ER PT S AU Lunney, JK Fang, Y Ladinig, A Chen, NH Li, YH Rowland, B Renukaradhya, GJ AF Lunney, Joan K. Fang, Ying Ladinig, Andrea Chen, Nanhua Li, Yanhua Rowland, Bob Renukaradhya, Gourapura J. BE Lewin, HA Roberts, RM TI Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV): Pathogenesis and Interaction with the Immune System SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANIMAL BIOSCIENCES, VOL 4 SE Annual Review of Animal Biosciences LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE PRRSV; porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome; host immunity; genetic control; fetal infection; vaccine responses ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; REGULATORY T-CELLS; FETAL IMPLANTATION SITES; INFECTED PREGNANT GILTS; MYSTERY SWINE DISEASE; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; HOST RESPONSE; UP-REGULATION; IN-UTERO; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES AB This review addresses important issues of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection, immunity, pathogenesis, and control. Worldwide, PRRS is the most economically important infectious disease of pigs. We highlight the latest information on viral genome structure, pathogenic mechanisms, and host immunity, with a special focus on immune factors that modulate PRRSV infections during the acute and chronic/persistent disease phases. We address genetic control of host resistance and probe effects of PRRSV infection on reproductive traits. A major goal is to identify cellular/viral targets and pathways for designing more effective vaccines and therapeutics. Based on progress in viral reverse genetics, host transcriptomics and genomics, and vaccinology and adjuvant technologies, we have identified new areas for PRRS control and prevention. Finally, we highlight the gaps in our knowledge base and the need for advanced molecular and immune tools to stimulate PRRS research and field applications. C1 [Lunney, Joan K.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, BARC, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fang, Ying; Chen, Nanhua; Li, Yanhua; Rowland, Bob] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Ladinig, Andrea] Univ Vet Med, A-1210 Vienna, Austria. [Chen, Nanhua] Yangzhou Univ, Coll Vet Med, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Renukaradhya, Gourapura J.] Ohio State Univ, FAHRP OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Lunney, JK (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, BARC, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.; Fang, Y; Chen, NH; Li, YH; Rowland, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.; Ladinig, A (reprint author), Univ Vet Med, A-1210 Vienna, Austria.; Chen, NH (reprint author), Yangzhou Univ, Coll Vet Med, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Renukaradhya, GJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, FAHRP OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM Joan.Lunney@ars.usda.gov; yfang@vet.k-state.edu; andrea.ladinig@vetmeduni.ac.at; chnhlh@126.com; yanhua@vet.k-state.edu; browland@vet.k-state.edu; gourapura.1@osu.edu OI Gourapura, Renukaradhya/0000-0003-2861-180X; Ladinig, Andrea/0000-0001-5037-7269 NR 152 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 24 U2 42 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 2165-8102 BN 978-0-8243-0004-3 J9 ANNU REV ANIM BIOSCI PY 2016 VL 4 BP 129 EP 154 DI 10.1146/annurev-animal-022114-111025 PG 26 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA BE3KG UT WOS:000370847200007 PM 26646630 ER PT S AU Buntyn, JO Schmidt, TB Nisbet, DJ Callaway, TR AF Buntyn, J. O. Schmidt, T. B. Nisbet, D. J. Callaway, T. R. BE Lewin, HA Roberts, RM TI The Role of Direct-Fed Microbials in Conventional Livestock Production SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANIMAL BIOSCIENCES, VOL 4 SE Annual Review of Animal Biosciences LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE direct-fed microbials; animal health; immune response ID CECAL MICROFLORA COMPOSITION; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; YEAST CULTURE; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; BROILER-CHICKENS; LACTOBACILLUS-PLANTARUM; NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY; MUCOSAL IMMUNITY AB Supplementation of direct-fed microbials (DFM) as a means to improve the health and performance of livestock has generated significant interest over the past 15+ years. A driving force for this increased interest in DFM is to reduce or eliminate the use of low-dose antibiotics in livestock production. This increased attention toward DFM supplementation has generated an extensive body of research. This effort has resulted in conflicting reports. Although there has been considerable variation in the design of these studies, one of the main causes for this lack of consistency may be attributed to the variation in the experimental immune challenge incorporated to evaluate DFMsupplementation. Taking into account the experimental immune challenge, there is strong evidence to suggest that DFM supplementation may have an impact on the immune response, overall health, and performance of livestock. C1 [Buntyn, J. O.; Schmidt, T. B.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Nisbet, D. J.; Callaway, T. R.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, South Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Callaway, TR (reprint author), ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, South Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM joe.buntyn@husker.unl.edu; tschmidt4@unl.edu; todd.callaway@ars.usda.gov NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 2165-8102 BN 978-0-8243-0004-3 J9 ANNU REV ANIM BIOSCI PY 2016 VL 4 BP 335 EP 355 DI 10.1146/annurev-animal-022114-111123 PG 21 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA BE3KG UT WOS:000370847200016 PM 26667362 ER PT S AU Woodruff, DR Meinzer, FC McCulloh, KA AF Woodruff, David R. Meinzer, Frederick C. McCulloh, Katherine A. BE Hikosaka, K Niinemets, U Anten, NPR TI Forest Canopy Hydraulics SO CANOPY PHOTOSYNTHESIS: FROM BASICS TO APPLICATIONS SE Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS ANGIOSPERMS; NORTHWEST CONIFEROUS FORESTS; XYLEM CAVITATION RESISTANCE; NEOTROPICAL SAVANNA TREES; ION-MEDIATED ENHANCEMENT; DROUGHT-INDUCED EMBOLISM; BORDERED PIT STRUCTURE; STEM WATER TRANSPORT; DIFFUSE-POROUS TREES; PONDEROSA PINE TREES AB Water and carbon cycles are strongly coordinated and water availability is a primary limiting factor in many terrestrial ecosystems. Photosynthesis requires sufficient water supply to leaves and constraints on delivery at any point in the hydraulic continuum can lead to stomatal closure and reduced photosynthesis. Thus, maximizing water transport enhances assimilation and can provide plants with a competitive advantage. Unregulated water transport, however, can lead to excessive gradients in xylem tension that result in the development of air or vapor bubbles (i.e. embolisms) that block xylem water transport, potentially leading to permanent loss of function of the xylem. As such there can be a tradeoff between maximizing water transport and minimizing the risk of xylem embolism. This tradeoff has led to the development of a variety of hydraulic mechanisms to maximize efficiency and reduce vulnerability. Although several of these were first described centuries ago (such as stomatal control of transpiration), research in this field continues to uncover previously unrecognized processes employed by plants for maintaining hydraulic safety and/ or efficiency. The hydraulic traits described in this chapter include xylem structural characteristics that enhance resistance to embolism such as pit and cell wall architecture; a continuum of strategies for constraining xylem tension to avoid embolism including isohydric and anisohydric control of leaf water potential; and safety and recovery mechanisms such as the capacitive discharge of stored water, hydraulic "circuit breakers" and the ability to repair xylem embolisms. Each of these will be discussed in terms of the variation in their use by contrasting tree types, their variability across organs and species, and their plasticity across environmental gradients. Beyond providing information about the means by which trees currently compete and survive, understanding the hydraulic mechanisms described in this chapter may provide insight into ways that trees are affected by, and the degree to which they may acclimate to rapidly changing climatic conditions. C1 [Woodruff, David R.; Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McCulloh, Katherine A.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Bot, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Woodruff, DR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM dwoodruff@fs.fed.us; rick.meinzer@oregonstate.edu; kmcculloh@wisc.edu NR 209 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1572-0233 BN 978-94-017-7291-4; 978-94-017-7290-7 J9 ADV PHOTOSYNTH RESP JI Adv. Photo. Respirat. PY 2016 VL 42 BP 187 EP 217 DI 10.1007/978-94-017-7291-4_7 D2 10.1007/978-94-017-7291-4 PG 31 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BE3MA UT WOS:000370954800008 ER PT B AU Franklin, AB VerCauteren, KC AF Franklin, Alan B. VerCauteren, Kurt C. BE JayRussell, M Doyle, MP TI Keeping Wildlife Out of Your Food: Mitigation and Control Strategies to Reduce the Transmission Risk of Food-Borne Pathogens SO FOOD SAFETY RISKS FROM WILDLIFE: CHALLENGES IN AGRICULTURE, CONSERVATION, AND PUBLIC HEALTH SE Food Microbiology and Food Safety LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Adaptive management; Agriculture; Food safety; Habitat modification; Human-wildlife conflict; Mitigation; Population control; Risk assessment; Wildlife; Wildlife damage management ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; LIVESTOCK PROTECTION DOGS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; FARM-MANAGEMENT FACTORS; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; FERAL SWINE; NORTHEASTERN MICHIGAN; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; CATTLE AB In this chapter, we provide a general framework for developing strategies to mitigate the contamination of agricultural operations with pathogens carried by wildlife. As part of this framework, we present adaptive management as a viable approach to developing these strategies to reduce the uncertainty over time as to whether management methods are being effective. We provide the general steps to developing an adaptive management strategies as well as generic mitigation methods that can be applied to agricultural operations as part of an adaptive management strategy. C1 [Franklin, Alan B.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.] USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Franklin, AB (reprint author), USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM alan.b.franklin@aphis.usda.gov NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND BN 978-3-319-24442-6; 978-3-319-24440-2 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL FOOD PY 2016 BP 183 EP 199 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-24442-6_8 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-24442-6 PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Food Science & Technology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BE2IH UT WOS:000369374700009 ER PT B AU Bianchi, M Lowell, K AF Bianchi, Mary Lowell, Karen BE JayRussell, M Doyle, MP TI Co-management: Balancing Food Safety, the Environment, and the Bottom Line SO FOOD SAFETY RISKS FROM WILDLIFE: CHALLENGES IN AGRICULTURE, CONSERVATION, AND PUBLIC HEALTH SE Food Microbiology and Food Safety LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Co-management; Conflict resolution; Conservation; Economic analysis; Food industry; Food safety; Natural resources; Sustainable agriculture; Wildlife ID RIPARIAN CORRIDORS; WATER-QUALITY; MANAGEMENT; PHOSPHORUS; POLLUTION; REMOVAL; PRODUCE AB Growers and distributors of fresh produce have long realized that reliably safe products and responsible use of resources inspire brand trust and consumer loyalty. Balancing food safety and resource conservation goals has become a vital element of produce industry management throughout the supply chain. Co-management is a process that seeks to balance food safety and sustainability goals in the context of maintaining a sound bottom line. The resources to develop effective co-management strategies lie within diverse communities of practice, including agricultural producers, food safety and wildlife professionals, conservation professionals, and academics with primary focus on any the above areas. The economic loss incurred from fields that must be abandoned before harvest due to fecal contamination can be significant. In addition, compliance with both food safety and conservation goals may generate additional operational costs. Key research questions remain, many defined during the critical conversations surrounding on-farm decisions regarding co-management. Additionally, responsibility lies with the research community for creating an open and integrated approach to interpretation, extension, and implementation of research results surrounding contamination, transport and survival of pathogens in the production environment. C1 [Bianchi, Mary] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, San Luis Obispo, CA USA. [Lowell, Karen] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. RP Bianchi, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, San Luis Obispo, CA USA. EM mlbianchi@ucanr.edu NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND BN 978-3-319-24442-6; 978-3-319-24440-2 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL FOOD PY 2016 BP 201 EP 216 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-24442-6_9 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-24442-6 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Food Science & Technology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BE2IH UT WOS:000369374700010 ER PT J AU Zhang, JW Young, DH Oliver, WW Fiddler, GO AF Zhang, Jianwei Young, David H. Oliver, William W. Fiddler, Gary O. TI Effect of overstorey trees on understorey vegetation in California (USA) ponderosa pine plantations SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID PLANT-SPECIES DIVERSITY; STAND DENSITY; SIERRA-NEVADA; FOREST; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; RESPONSES; FERTILIZATION; COMPETITION; PRODUCTIVITY AB Understorey vegetation plays a significant role in the structure and function of forest ecosystems. Controlling understorey vegetation has proven to be an effective tool in increasing tree growth and overstorey development. However, a long-term consequence of the practice on plant diversity is not fully understood. Here, we analysed early development of overstorey and understorey vegetation of four ponderosa pine plantations established decades ago in northern California, USA. These experiments were intended to examine the effect of understorey control on tree growth, including additional effects of tree density or fertilization. Over the years, trees and understorey vegetation were measured repeatedly for height and crown width. We found that responses of understorey vegetation to overstorey varied at different developmental stages. First, understorey cover increased with overstorey cover until it peaked at a certain age or overstorey height and cover, which varied with site quality. Second, herbaceous species reached their peak earlier than shrubs; shrubs subsequently suppressed herbaceous species. Fertilizer effects on plant species diversity were site specific, and density effects were non-significant except at the highest density. These results demonstrate that both fertilization and density manipulation influenced understorey cover and diversity. Such differences are relevant in vegetation management planning efforts. C1 [Zhang, Jianwei; Oliver, William W.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 3644 Avtech Pkwy, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Young, David H.; Fiddler, Gary O.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Reg, 3644 Avtech Pkwy, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Zhang, JW (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 3644 Avtech Pkwy, Redding, CA 96002 USA. EM jianweizhang@fs.fed.us NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X EI 1464-3626 J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD JAN PY 2016 VL 89 IS 1 BP 91 EP 99 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpv036 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DE9PI UT WOS:000370969800009 ER PT J AU Alvarenga, CD Dias, V Stuhl, C Sivinski, J AF Alvarenga, Clarice Diniz Dias, Vanessa Stuhl, Charles Sivinski, John TI Contrasting Brood-Sex Ratio Flexibility in Two Opiine (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Parasitoids of Tephritid (Diptera) Fruit Flies SO JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Diachasmimorpha; utetes; local mate competition; biological control ID REARED DIACHASMIMORPHA-LONGICAUDATA; STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE; TRYONI HYMENOPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; FOPIUS-ARISANUS; SUPERPARASITISM; DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPETITION; STRATEGIES; ALLOCATION AB Mass-rearing of fruit fly parasitoids for augmentative release would be more economical if production could be biased towards females. If sex ratios are ever to be manipulated under rearing conditions it is important to determine if, then understand why, sex ratio flexibility exists. Unequal brood-sex ratios are common in parasitic Hymenoptera and two reasons are generally advanced for such cases: 1) avoidance of Local Mate Competition (LMC) predicts that the number of females exploiting a host-patch can influence the optimal sex ratio of their offspring; and 2) one sex is more likely to develop under a particular set of physical/competitive conditions. We hypothesized that LMC is more often encountered in relatively uncommon species with coarse-grained distributions. As a result, isolated females of such species would be more likely to expect future LMC to be high and to bias offspring sex ratios towards females. We proposed that the opiine braconid Utetes anastrephae is such a coarse-grained species and compared its responses to differences to LMC (isolated females and those paired with a conspecific competitor) with those of another opiine, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata believed to have a finer-grained distribution. Adult sex ratios were mutable in D. longicaudata and U. anastrephae and, as predicted by avoidance of LMC, males were relatively more abundant among the paired females in both species. However, superparasitized hosts yielded relatively more daughters, perhaps because female larvae are superior intrinsic competitors. Contrary to prediction, there was no suggestion that U. anastrephae was more likely to than D. longicaudata to avoid LMC. While these results did not reveal any species differences in sex-allocation patterns or suggest any modifications to the present practice of fruit fly mass-rearing for augmentative release they did provide new information regarding U. anastrephae, a widespread natural enemy of Anastrepha spp. about which relatively little is known. C1 [Alvarenga, Clarice Diniz] Univ Estadual Montes Claros, UNIMONTES, Caixa Postal 91, BR-39440000 Janauba, MG, Brazil. [Dias, Vanessa] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Stuhl, Charles; Sivinski, John] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Alvarenga, CD (reprint author), Univ Estadual Montes Claros, UNIMONTES, Caixa Postal 91, BR-39440000 Janauba, MG, Brazil.; Sivinski, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM clarice.corsato@unimontes.br; John.sivinski@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0892-7553 EI 1572-8889 J9 J INSECT BEHAV JI J. Insect Behav. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 29 IS 1 BP 25 EP 36 DI 10.1007/s10905-015-9532-2 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DE9LB UT WOS:000370957900003 ER PT J AU Guillen, L Sivinski, J Rull, J AF Guillen, Larissa Sivinski, John Rull, Juan TI The Role of Males in Host-Fruit Selection by Females of a Walnut Infesting Tephritid (Diptera) Rhagoletis zoqui SO JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Host cues; host selection; conspecific traces; interaction; Rhagoletis ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; POMONELLA DIPTERA; OVIPOSITION PREFERENCE; OFFSPRING PERFORMANCE; EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY; MATING-BEHAVIOR; FLY DIPTERA; FLIES; JUGLANDIS AB Rhagoletis zoqui Bush flies have a mating system in which males guard and defend walnut fruit-hosts from other males and mate, apparently without courtship, with females as they arrive to oviposit. Hypothetically, female selection of a particular fruit may be due to the quality of fruit for larval development (previously determined by guarding males), the quality of the male upon the fruit as a mate, or both, but this is not clear. We performed an experiment to determine if R. zoqui females or males select the fruit to oviposit or guard based on its quality for larval development (i.e., size, sugar-content [brix] or hardness), or following male-mediated cues such as chemical residues, related to prior fruit occupation by the male during guarding. Fruit choice by R. zoqui females and males were examined under semi-natural conditions on caged branches of English walnut trees, Juglans regia L., growing in the highlands of south-central Mexico. A single male or female was allowed to select a fruit and was then removed. An individual of the opposite sex was then introduced to the same branch and presented with the opportunity to choose among the same array of hosts. The pattern of fruit choice was consistent, with female choice on the basis of male presence, suggesting that males left a chemical cue that persisted in their absence. No fruit quality differences were detected between selected and non-selected fruit. Fruit features selected by females and males matched almost exactly, although males rarely select the same fruit as females. We conclude that females preferentially selected fruit previously occupied by males although additional studies are required to determine the cues used by R. zoqui for oviposition resource selection by both females and resource guarding males. C1 [Guillen, Larissa] Inst Ecol AC, Apartado Postal 63, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. [Sivinski, John] Univ Florida, USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Rull, Juan] LIEMEN Div Control Biol Plagas, PROIMI Biotecnol CONICET, San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina. [Guillen, Larissa] Univ Veracruzana, Inst Neuroetol, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Guillen, L (reprint author), Inst Ecol AC, Apartado Postal 63, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico.; Guillen, L (reprint author), Univ Veracruzana, Inst Neuroetol, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. EM larissa.guillen@inecol.mx FU Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT) [CB 2005-25889-50008Q]; Campana Nacional contra Moscas de la Fruta (DGSV-SAGARPA); Instituto de Ecologia, A.C.; Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology (ARS-USDA) FX We are very grateful to Emilio Acosta Hernandez for technical support in the field and to the Jinez, Cervantes, Flores-Garcia, Ceron-Cortes, Lopez and Montes-Pina families for permission to use their trees during this study. Abdo Zaid (USDA-ARS. Office of the Director RBRRC, 950 College Station Rd., Athens, GA, 30605) provided useful statistical advice. We thank to four anonymous reviewers and Trevor Williams for constructive comments. Financial support was provided by the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT) (Reference No. CB 2005-25889-50008Q), Campana Nacional contra Moscas de la Fruta (DGSV-SAGARPA), by the Instituto de Ecologia, A.C., and by the Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology (ARS-USDA). This study formed part of the PhD dissertation of LG (Universidad Veracruzana, Instituto de Neuroetologia). NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 9 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0892-7553 EI 1572-8889 J9 J INSECT BEHAV JI J. Insect Behav. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 29 IS 1 BP 69 EP 79 DI 10.1007/s10905-015-9541-1 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DE9LB UT WOS:000370957900007 ER PT J AU Jogi, A Kerry, JW Brenneman, TB Leebens-Mack, JH Gold, SE AF Jogi, Ansuya Kerry, John W. Brenneman, Timothy B. Leebens-Mack, James H. Gold, Scott E. TI Identification of genes differentially expressed during early interactions between the stem rot fungus (Sclerotium rolfsii) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea) cultivars with increasing disease resistance levels SO MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Arachis hypogaea; Sclerotium rolfsii; Differential gene expression; Real-time PCR; PR proteins ID PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEINS; OXALIC-ACID; RESVERATROL SYNTHASE; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; ABIOTIC STRESSES; THAUMATIN-LIKE; LINKAGE MAP; REGISTRATION; PLANTS AB Sclerotium rolfsii, a destructive soil-borne fungal pathogen causes stem rot of the cultivated peanut, Arachis hypogaea. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes associated with peanut resistance and fungal virulence. Four peanut cultivars (A100-32, Georgia Green, GA-07W and York) with increasing resistance levels were inoculated with a virulent S. rolfsii strain to study the early plant pathogen interaction. 454 sequencing was performed on RNAs from infected tissue collected at 4 days post inoculation, generating 225,793 high-quality reads. Normalized read counts and fold changes were calculated and statistical analysis used to identify differentially expressed genes. Several genes identified as differential in the RNA-seq experiment were selected based on functions of interest and real-time PCR employed to corroborate their differential expression. Expanding the analysis to include all four cultivars revealed a small but interesting set of genes showing colinearity between cultivar resistance and expression levels. This study identified a set of genes possibly related to pathogen response that may be useful marker assisted selection or transgenic disease control strategies. Additionally, a set of differentially expressed genes that have not been functionally characterized in peanut or other plants and warrant additional investigation were identified. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Jogi, Ansuya; Brenneman, Timothy B.; Gold, Scott E.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Kerry, John W.; Leebens-Mack, James H.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gold, Scott E.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Gold, SE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM scott.gold@ars.usda.gov FU National Peanut Board; UGA Department of Plant Pathology FX The authors would like to thank the National Peanut Board and the UGA Department of Plant Pathology for funding this project. We are also grateful to Dr. C. Holbrook for supplying seeds. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0944-5013 J9 MICROBIOL RES JI Microbiol. Res. PY 2016 VL 184 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.micres.2015.11.003 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DE8RF UT WOS:000370903700001 PM 26856448 ER PT J AU Pinto, HA Griffin, MJ Quiniou, SM Ware, C Melo, AL AF Pinto, Hudson A. Griffin, Matt J. Quiniou, Sylvie M. Ware, Cynthia Melo, Alan L. TI Biomphalaria straminea (Mollusca: Planorbidae) as an intermediate host of Drepanocephalus spp. (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) in Brazil: a morphological and molecular study SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biomphalaria; Cercariae; Drepanocephalus; Molluscs; Trematodes ID CORMORANTS PHALACROCORAX-AURITUS; JUVENILE CHANNEL CATFISH; MALE-BIASED PARASITISM; FRESH-WATER FISHES; DIGENEA ECHINOSTOMATIDAE; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; NEOTROPICAL CORMORANT; HELMINTH-PARASITES; NORTH-AMERICA; MEXICO AB Species of trematodes belonging to the genus Drepanocephalus are intestinal parasites of piscivorous birds, primarily cormorants (Phalachrocorax spp.), and are widely reported in the Americas. During a 4-year malacological study conducted on an urban lake in Brazil, 27-collar-spined echinostome cercariae were found in 1665/15,459 (10.7 %) specimens of Biomphalaria straminea collected. The cercariae were identified as Drepanocephalus spp. by sequencing the 18S (SSU) rDNA, ITS1/5.8S rDNA/ITS2 (ITS), 28S (LSU) rDNA region, cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) markers. In experimental life cycle studies, metacercariae developed in laboratory-reared guppies (Poecilia reticulata); however, attempts to infect birds and rodents were unsuccessful. Two closely related morphotypes of cercariae were characterized. One species, identified by molecular markers as a genetic variant of Drepanocephalus auritus (99.9 % similarity at SSU, ITS, LSU; 97.2 % at CO1; 95.8% at ND1), differs slightly from an archived NorthAmerican isolate of this species also sequenced as part of this study. A second species, putatively identified as Drepanocephalus sp., has smaller cercariae and demonstrates significant differences from D. auritus at the CO1 (11.0 %) and ND1 (13.6 %) markers. Aspects related to the morphological taxonomic identification of 27-collar-spined echinostome metacercariae are briefly discussed. This is the first report of the involvement of molluscs of the genus Biomphalaria in the transmission of Drepanocephalus and the first report of D. auritus in South America. C1 [Pinto, Hudson A.; Melo, Alan L.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Parasitol, Lab Taxon & Biol Invertebrados, CP 486, BR-30123970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Griffin, Matt J.; Ware, Cynthia] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Populat Med, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Quiniou, Sylvie M.] USDA, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Pinto, HA (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Parasitol, Lab Taxon & Biol Invertebrados, CP 486, BR-30123970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. EM hudsonalves13@ig.com.br NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 EI 1432-1955 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 115 IS 1 BP 51 EP 62 DI 10.1007/s00436-015-4469-0 PG 12 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA DE8EM UT WOS:000370868600005 PM 25982569 ER PT J AU Aoun, M Kolmer, J Chao, S Xu, S Acevedo, M AF Aoun, M. Kolmer, J. Chao, S. Xu, S. Acevedo, M. TI Genome wide association studies and genetic analysis of leaf rust resistance in durum wheat SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the North-Central-Division of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY JUN 10-12, 2015 CL East Lansing, MI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, N Cent Div C1 [Aoun, M.; Acevedo, M.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Kolmer, J.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chao, S.] USDA, ARS, BRL, Fargo, ND USA. [Xu, S.] USDA, ARS, NCSL, Fargo, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 SU 1 BP S1 EP S2 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DE9FY UT WOS:000370943000005 ER PT J AU Bakker, M Moorman, T Manter, D Kaspar, T AF Bakker, M. Moorman, T. Manter, D. Kaspar, T. TI Winter rye cover crops as a host for corn seedling pathogens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the North-Central-Division of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY JUN 10-12, 2015 CL East Lansing, MI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, N Cent Div C1 [Bakker, M.; Moorman, T.; Kaspar, T.] USDA ARS, Ames, IA USA. [Manter, D.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 SU 1 BP S2 EP S2 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DE9FY UT WOS:000370943000006 ER PT J AU Humann, R Gulya, T Marek, L Jordahl, J Meyer, S Markell, S AF Humann, R. Gulya, T. Marek, L. Jordahl, J. Meyer, S. Markell, S. TI Identification of Helianthus accessions resistant to Plasmopara halstedii (downy mildew) and Puccinia helianthi (rust) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the North-Central-Division of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY JUN 10-12, 2015 CL East Lansing, MI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, N Cent Div C1 [Humann, R.; Jordahl, J.; Meyer, S.; Markell, S.] NDSU Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND USA. [Gulya, T.] USDA ARS, Sunflower Res Unit, Fargo, ND USA. [Marek, L.] USDA ARS, North Cent Reg Plant Intro Stn, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 SU 1 BP S4 EP S4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DE9FY UT WOS:000370943000017 ER PT J AU Jiang, Q Wu, H Kirk, WW Hanson, LE AF Jiang, Q. Wu, H. Kirk, W. W. Hanson, L. E. TI Alternaria spp. from sugarbeet tolerant to four fungicide classes in Michigan SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the North-Central-Division of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY JUN 10-12, 2015 CL East Lansing, MI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, N Cent Div C1 [Jiang, Q.; Wu, H.; Kirk, W. W.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hanson, L. E.] USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 SU 1 BP S4 EP S4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DE9FY UT WOS:000370943000020 ER PT J AU Johnson, E Dowd, P Hughes, S AF Johnson, E. Dowd, P. Hughes, S. TI Transgenic tobacco expressing a modified spider peptide inhibits the growth of plant pathogens and insect larvae SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the North-Central-Division of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY JUN 10-12, 2015 CL East Lansing, MI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, N Cent Div C1 [Johnson, E.; Dowd, P.; Hughes, S.] USDA ARS, Peoria, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 SU 1 BP S4 EP S5 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DE9FY UT WOS:000370943000021 ER PT J AU Minier, DH Hanson, LE Cichy, KA AF Minier, D. H. Hanson, L. E. Cichy, K. A. TI Screening a dry bean Andean diversity panel for potential sources of resistance to Rhizoctonia root rot and damping-off SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the North-Central-Division of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY JUN 10-12, 2015 CL East Lansing, MI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, N Cent Div C1 [Minier, D. H.] Michigan State Univ, Springport, MI USA. [Hanson, L. E.; Cichy, K. A.] USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 SU 1 BP S6 EP S6 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DE9FY UT WOS:000370943000029 ER PT J AU Rupp, JL Cruz, LF Fellers, JP Trick, HN AF Rupp, J. L. Cruz, L. F. Fellers, J. P. Trick, H. N. TI RNAi mediated silencing of endogenous wheat genes eIF(iso)4E-2 and eIF4G induces resistance to potyviruses Wheat streak mosaic virus and Triticum mosaic virus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the North-Central-Division of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY JUN 10-12, 2015 CL East Lansing, MI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, N Cent Div C1 [Rupp, J. L.; Cruz, L. F.; Trick, H. N.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Fellers, J. P.] USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 SU 1 BP S8 EP S8 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DE9FY UT WOS:000370943000039 ER PT J AU Losada, L DebRoy, C Radune, D Kim, M Sanka, R Brinkac, L Kariyawasam, S Shelton, D Fratamico, PM Kapur, V Feng, PCH AF Losada, Liliana DebRoy, Chitrita Radune, Diana Kim, Maria Sanka, Ravi Brinkac, Lauren Kariyawasam, Subhashinie Shelton, Daniel Fratamico, Pina M. Kapur, Vivek Feng, Peter C. H. TI Whole genome sequencing of diverse Shiga toxin-producing and non-producing Escherichia coli strains reveals a variety of virulence and novel antibiotic resistance plasmids SO PLASMID LA English DT Article DE Genome sequencing; STEC; Plasmids; Antibiotic resistance; Virulence genes ID DNA-SEQUENCE; GENE; PREVALENCE; O157-H7; STEC AB The genomes of a diverse set of Escherichia coli, including many Shiga toxin-producing strains of various serotypes were determined. A total of 39 plasmids were identified among these strains, and many carried virulence or putative virulence genes of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli strains, virulence genes for other pathogenic E. coli groups, and some had combinations of these genes. Among the novel plasmids identified were eight that carried resistance genes to aminoglycosides, carbapenems, penicillins, cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors, sulfonamides, tetracyclines and resistance to heavy metals. Two of the plasmids carried six of these resistance genes and two novel IncHI2 plasmids were also identified. The results of this study showed that plasmids carrying diverse resistance and virulence genes of various pathogenic E. coli groups can be found in E. coli strains and serotypes regardless of the isolate's source and therefore, is consistent with the premise that these mobile elements carrying these traits may be broadly disseminated among E. coli. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Losada, Liliana; Radune, Diana; Kim, Maria; Sanka, Ravi; Brinkac, Lauren; Feng, Peter C. H.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [DebRoy, Chitrita; Kariyawasam, Subhashinie; Kapur, Vivek] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Shelton, Daniel] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Fratamico, Pina M.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Feng, Peter C. H.] US FDA, Div Microbiol, College Pk, MD USA. RP Feng, PCH (reprint author), US FDA, HFS 711,5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM liliana@swhr.org; peter.feng@fda.hhs.gov FU Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200900007C]; federal funds from National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health FX This project has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services under contract number HHSN272200900007C. The authors also thank Mark Adams, Derrick Fouts and William Nierman for their review of this manuscript. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-619X EI 1095-9890 J9 PLASMID JI Plasmid PD JAN PY 2016 VL 83 BP 8 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.plasmid.2015.12.001 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA DE8VG UT WOS:000370914200002 PM 26746359 ER PT J AU Shirk, PD Furlong, RB AF Shirk, Paul D. Furlong, Richard B. TI Insect cell transformation vectors that support high level expression and promoter assessment in insect cell culture SO PLASMID LA English DT Article DE Genetic transformation; Densovirus integration; Transfection; Expression; Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells; Bombyx mori Bm5 cells ID RECOMBINANT ADENOASSOCIATED VIRUS; 28S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VIVO; DENSOVIRUS; INTEGRATION; TRANSDUCTION AB A somatic transformation vector, pDP9, was constructed that provides a simplified means of producing permanently transformed cultured insect cells that support high levels of protein expression of foreign genes. The pDP9 plasmid vector incorporates DNA sequences from the Junonia coenia densovirus that are involved in integration of the densovirus in insect cell chromosomes and a promoter/enhancer system that results in high levels of expression. The plasmid also contains two markers that permit selection of transformed insect cells by antibiotic resistance or by cell-sorting for fluorescent protein expression. Transformation of Bombyx mori Bm5 or Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cultured cells with the pDP9 vectors results in the integration of the pDP9 plasmid into genomic DNA of Bm5 and Sf9 cells. pDP9 contains a multiple cloning site (MCS) 3' of the densoviral P9 promoter and insertion of a protein coding sequence within the MCS results in high level expression by pDP9 transformed cells. P9 driven transcription in the pDP9 transformed Sf9 cells produced foreign gene transcript levels that were 30 fold higher than actin 3 driven transgenes and equivalent to hr51E1 driven transgenes. The pDP9 vector transformation results in the efficient selection of clones for assessment of promoter activity. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Shirk, Paul D.; Furlong, Richard B.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Shirk, PD (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM paul.shirk@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-619X EI 1095-9890 J9 PLASMID JI Plasmid PD JAN PY 2016 VL 83 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.plasmid.2016.01.001 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA DE8VG UT WOS:000370914200003 PM 26794473 ER PT J AU Bowker, B Gamble, G Zhuang, H AF Bowker, B. Gamble, G. Zhuang, H. TI Exudate Protein Composition and Meat Tenderness of Broiler Breast Fillets SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE breast meat; exudate; meat quality; protein; tenderness ID WATER-HOLDING CAPACITY; SARCOPLASMIC PROTEINS; POSTMORTEM PROTEOLYSIS; CENTRIFUGAL DRIP; CHICKEN MUSCLE; PIG MEAT; BEEF; IDENTIFICATION; MYOFIBRILLAR; INDICATORS AB The relationship between meat tenderness and the protein composition of muscle exudates collected from broiler breast fillets deboned at different postmortem times was investigated. A total of 85 broilers were processed and breast fillets from each carcass were deboned at either 2 h (early-deboned, EB) or 24 h (control) postmortem. One fillet per carcass was used for 1 d postmortem meat tenderness measurements and the other fillet was stored at 4 degrees C until 6 d postmortem for the collection of exudate prior to tenderness evaluation. Protein content and composition of muscle exudates were determined by a biuret assay and SDS-PAGE. Fillet pH, color, drip loss, and cook loss were also measured. Early-deboned fillets exhibited greater (P < 0.05) Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) than controls at 1 d (7.4 vs. 3.1 kg) and 6 d (4.1 vs. 2.5 kg). Deboning time did not influence pH or color values (L*a*b*). Control fillets exhibited less drip loss after 6 d of storage (P = 0.005) and less cook loss at 1 and 6 d (P < 0.001). Exudate protein concentration was not influenced by deboning time. From the SDS-PAGE profiles of the exudates, the relative abundances of seventeen protein bands were quantified. Electrophoresis analysis revealed that, in general, the protein profiles of exudates from control and EB fillets were not distinct from each other. However, the band corresponding to 225 kDa was more abundant in controls (P = 0.021). Although the protein concentrations and SDS-PAGE profiles of muscle exudates varied widely between breast fillets, variations in exudate protein characteristics were not strongly associated with changes in the tenderness of broiler breast meat due to the combined effects of postmortem deboning time and post-deboning aging. C1 [Bowker, B.; Gamble, G.; Zhuang, H.] ARS, USDA, US Natl Poultry Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bowker, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Natl Poultry Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM brian.bowker@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 95 IS 1 BP 133 EP 137 DI 10.3382/ps/pev312 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA DF0VW UT WOS:000371058300016 PM 26574030 ER PT J AU Dien, BS Zhu, JY Slininger, PJ Kurtzman, CP Moser, BR O'Bryan, PJ Gleisner, R Cotta, MA AF Dien, Bruce S. Zhu, J. Y. Slininger, Patricia J. Kurtzman, Cletus P. Moser, Bryan R. O'Bryan, Patricia J. Gleisner, Roland Cotta, Michael A. TI Conversion of SPORL pretreated Douglas fir forest residues into microbial lipids with oleaginous yeasts SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CELL OIL; YARROWIA-LIPOLYTICA; ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; TRICHOSPORON-FERMENTANS; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; BAGASSE HYDROLYSATE; ACID PRODUCTION; ACCUMULATION; BIOMASS; LIGNOSULFONATE AB Douglas fir is the dominant commercial tree grown in the United States. In this study Douglas fir residue was converted to single cell oils (SCO) using oleaginous yeasts. Monosaccharides were extracted from the woody biomass by pretreating with sulfite and dilute sulfuric acid (SPORL process) and hydrolyzing using commercial cellulases. A new SPORL process that uses pH profiling was compared to the traditional method. Both processes yielded 77 g l(-1) concentration of sugars. The SPORL generated sugars were evaluated for conversion to SCO using yeasts Lipomyces tetrasporus and Yarrowia lipolytica in batch cultures containing SPORL sugars diluted to 60% v/v supplemented with nitrogen at an appropriate C : N ratio of 75 : 1. An extended lag phase was observed for both yeasts, which was eliminated by including SPORL sugars diluted to 40% v/v in the seed cultures for acclimation. The maximum lipid concentrations were 3.18-5.13 g l(-1). This corresponded to yields of 0.06-0.17 g lipid per g beginning sugars and productivities of 0.99-1.42 g l(-1) d(-1). Lipid concentrations for L. tetrasporus were further amplified by using two schemes incorporating multiple batch cultures. In the first, the yeast was grown in 40% v/v SPORL sugars and the entire contents of this fermentation transferred to undiluted SPORL sugars not supplemented with nitrogen. The result was the production of 13.4 g l(-1) lipids within 3 days. This corresponds to a yield of 0.174 g g(-1) and a productivity of 4.47 g l(-1) d(-1). The second approach was to thrice transfer the yeast cells in 60% v/v SPORL sugars supplemented with limited nitrogen to promote further lipid formation. The end result was 18.1 g l(-1) of lipids with a process yield and productivity of 0.104 g g(-1) and 1.29 g l(-1) d(-1), respectively. This is the first report that the authors are aware of demonstrating the feasibility of converting unconditioned woody biomass to single cell oil. C1 [Dien, Bruce S.; Slininger, Patricia J.; O'Bryan, Patricia J.; Cotta, Michael A.] USDA ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Zhu, J. Y.; Gleisner, Roland] USDA, US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Kurtzman, Cletus P.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Moser, Bryan R.] USDA ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Dien, BS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Bruce.Dien@ars.usda.gov OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 14 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2016 VL 6 IS 25 BP 20695 EP 20705 DI 10.1039/c5ra24430g PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DF0HE UT WOS:000371019000032 ER PT J AU Liu, YD Ye, B Wan, CL Hao, Y Ouyang, AG Lan, YB AF Liu, Yande Ye, Bing Wan, Changlan Hao, Yong Ouyang, Aiguo Lan, Yubin TI Determination of dimethoate and phosmet pesticides with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy SO SPECTROSCOPY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Data preprocessing; dimethoate and phosmet pesticides; partial least squares regression; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ID FT-RAMAN; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FRUITS; FORMULATIONS; SCATTERING; RESIDUES; SPECTRA; CYROMAZINE AB Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy spectra of dimethoate and phosmet pesticides were recorded using a Klarite substrate. Significant enhancements were achieved with dimethoate over a concentration range of 0.5-10 mu g mL(-1) and phosmet over a concentration range of 0.1-10 mu g mL(-1). The best prediction model for dimethoate pesticide was achieved with a correlation coefficient of 0.940 and a root mean square error of prediction of 0.864 mu g mL(-1), with the first derivative and standard normalized variate data preprocessing, and the best prediction model of phosmet pesticide was achieved with a correlation coefficient of 0.949 and a root mean square error of prediction of 0.741 mu g mL(-1) with the first derivative data preprocessing. Our study shows that pesticides, including dimethoate and phosmet, could be quantitatively measured at as low as 0.5 mu g mL(-1) level using surface-enhanced Raman technology coupled with a Klarite substrate and the results indicated that surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with a Klarite substrate has potential for the analysis of dimethoate and phosmet residues. C1 [Liu, Yande; Ye, Bing; Wan, Changlan; Hao, Yong; Ouyang, Aiguo] East China Jiaotong Univ, Sch Mechatron Engn, Nanchang 330013, Peoples R China. [Lan, Yubin] ARS, USDA, Southern Plain Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. RP Liu, YD (reprint author), East China Jiaotong Univ, Sch Mechatron Engn, Nanchang 330013, Peoples R China. EM jxliuyd@163.com FU National Science and Technology Support Program of China [31160250, 61178036]; Jiangxi Province photoelectric detection engineering technology research center [[2012]155]; Leading talent Engineering Program of GanBo "555" in Jiangxi Province FX The study was supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program of China (31160250, 61178036), Jiangxi Province photoelectric detection engineering technology research center ([2012]155), Leading talent Engineering Program of GanBo "555" in Jiangxi Province. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0038-7010 EI 1532-2289 J9 SPECTROSC LETT JI Spectr. Lett. PY 2016 VL 49 IS 3 BP 198 EP 203 DI 10.1080/00387010.2013.843197 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA DF1AY UT WOS:000371072000007 ER PT S AU Qin, S Hu, C Ahuja, LR Zhang, Y Wang, Y AF Qin, Shuping Hu, Chunsheng Ahuja, Lajpat R. Zhang, Yuming Wang, Yuying BE DelGrosso, SJ Ahuja, LR Parton, WJ TI Nitrous Oxide Emission from Uplands in Northern China SO SYNTHESIS AND MODELING OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND CARBON STORAGE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST SYSTEMS TO GUIDE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION SE Advances in Agricultural Systems Modeling-Transdisciplinary Research Synthesis and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DOUBLE-CROPPING SYSTEM; FILLED PORE-SPACE; N2O EMISSIONS; NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; WATER MANAGEMENT; CALCAREOUS SOIL; NITRIC-OXIDE; LOAM SOIL; PLAIN AB Northern China, as one of the key agricultural regions, is an important nitrous oxide (N2O) emission source because of increasing use inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilization to achieve high crop yields. Nitrous oxide is usually emitted through soil nitrification and denitrification processes regulated by microbial and environmental factors. Microbial nitrification may dominate N2O emission in this region. Influenced by meteorological and agronomical practice, soil N2O emission shows large spatial and temporal variation. In the typical winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-summer corn (Zea mays L.) double-cropping system, N2O concentration in soil air increased with soil depth from 0 to 30 cm and approached stable values at soil depths deeper than 60 cm. Annual N2O emission increased with N fertilization rates. Nitrous oxide emission in the corn season is more than in the wheat season. Yield-scaled N2O emission (N2O emission per unit crop yield) is proposed in view of the challenges of increasing food production and simultaneously decreasing N2O emissions. According to this concept, N fertilizer rate of 310 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) was reported to be suitable for both crop production and mitigation of N2O emissions under the double-cropping rotation in northern China. The N2O emission factor is simple to estimate N2O emission from agricultural soil. The reported conceptual first-order reaction modeling approach, with the effects of fertilizer source and plant uptake, is useful to enhance the simple emission factor approach. The process-based models are promising methods for accurate estimation in the future studies of soil N2O fluxes. C1 [Qin, Shuping; Hu, Chunsheng; Zhang, Yuming; Wang, Yuying] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Ctr Agr Resources Res, Key Lab Agr Water Resources, 286 Huaizhong Rd, Shijiazhuang 050021, Hebei, Peoples R China. [Ahuja, Lajpat R.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Hu, C (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Ctr Agr Resources Res, Key Lab Agr Water Resources, 286 Huaizhong Rd, Shijiazhuang 050021, Hebei, Peoples R China. EM qinshuping@sjziam.ac.cn; cshu@sjziam.ac.cn; Laj.Ahuja@ars.usda.gov; ymzhang@sjziam.ac.cn; wangyuying@sjziam.ac.cn NR 79 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2163-2774 BN 978-0-89118-346-4; 978-0-89118-345-7 J9 ADV AGR SYST MODEL PY 2016 VL 6 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6.2013.0006.5 D2 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BE3JL UT WOS:000370803600003 ER PT S AU Del Grosso, SJ Ahuja, LR Parton, WJ AF Del Grosso, Stephen J. Ahuja, Lajpat R. Parton, William J. BE DelGrosso, SJ Ahuja, LR Parton, WJ TI Synthesis and Modeling of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Carbon Storage in Agricultural and Forest Systems to Guide Mitigation and Adaptation Preface SO SYNTHESIS AND MODELING OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND CARBON STORAGE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST SYSTEMS TO GUIDE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION SE Advances in Agricultural Systems Modeling-Transdisciplinary Research Synthesis and Applications LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Del Grosso, Stephen J.] 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Ahuja, Lajpat R.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Parton, William J.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Campus Delivery 1499, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Del Grosso, SJ (reprint author), 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM steve.delgrosso@ars.usda.gov; Laj.Ahuja@ars.usda.gov; William.parton@colostate.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2163-2774 BN 978-0-89118-346-4; 978-0-89118-345-7 J9 ADV AGR SYST MODEL PY 2016 VL 6 BP IX EP X D2 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BE3JL UT WOS:000370803600002 ER PT S AU Gollany, H AF Gollany, Hero BE DelGrosso, SJ Ahuja, LR Parton, WJ TI CQESTR Simulation of Dryland Agroecosystem Soil Organic Carbon Changes under Climate Change Scenarios SO SYNTHESIS AND MODELING OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND CARBON STORAGE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST SYSTEMS TO GUIDE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION SE Advances in Agricultural Systems Modeling-Transdisciplinary Research Synthesis and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; CROP-ROTATION; WHEAT-FALLOW; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; MODEL DESCRIPTION; SOLUBLE SILICA; NO-TILLAGE; CORN-BELT AB The potential effects of global climate change (CC) on C cycling and soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and loss in agroecosystems can be assessed by process-based models such as CQESTR. This model was used to simulate the effect of tillage and N fertilization on soil C storage and loss in three long-term experiments, where a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow rotation under dryland is the predominant practice. Using a 30-yr simulation approach, the effects of biomass increases and decreases, intensifying cropping, and two decades of potential CC scenarios on SOC stock under 0 and 135 kg N ha(-1) (0N and 135N) in conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT) were examined. These SOC stocks were also compared with those of a pasture (GP). With a 30% increase in biomass, predicted SOC stock in the topsoil of the GP increased by 22% under current climate compared to CC scenario, and the topsoil was more affected by CC than the subsoil. A loss of SOC was predicted at the 0-to 30- and 30- to 60-cm depths for the CT-0N in all scenarios. The same was true for the CT-135N and NT-0N, except SOC gains of 0.26 and 1.37 Mg ha(-1) were predicted, respectively, in continuous winter wheat under CC scenarios. The NT-135N was the only treatment with SOC gains ranging from 1.35 Mg ha(-1) in wheat-fallow system with 30% biomass reduction to 8.61 Mg ha(-1) in continuous wheat. The C sink capacities of the NT-135N, NT-0N, CT-135N, and CT-0N were 12.69, 14.54, 13.46, and 18.57 Mg ha(-1), respectively, relative to the GP. Crop intensification under NT is a viable management system that could sequester up to 1.05 Mg CO2 ha(-1) yr(-1) and improve SOC stock while reducing CO2 in the atmosphere. C1 [Gollany, Hero] ARS, USDA, CPCRC, 48037 Tubbs Ranch Rd, Adams, OR 97810 USA. RP Gollany, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CPCRC, 48037 Tubbs Ranch Rd, Adams, OR 97810 USA. EM hero.gollany@ars.usda.gov NR 78 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2163-2774 BN 978-0-89118-346-4; 978-0-89118-345-7 J9 ADV AGR SYST MODEL PY 2016 VL 6 BP 59 EP 87 DI 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6.2013.0004 D2 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6 PG 29 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BE3JL UT WOS:000370803600005 ER PT S AU Del Grosso, SJ Gollany, HT Reyes-Fox, M AF Del Grosso, Stephen J. Gollany, Hero T. Reyes-Fox, Melissa BE DelGrosso, SJ Ahuja, LR Parton, WJ TI Simulating Soil Organic Carbon Stock Changes in Agroecosystems using CQESTR, DayCent, and IPCC Tier 1 Methods SO SYNTHESIS AND MODELING OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND CARBON STORAGE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST SYSTEMS TO GUIDE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION SE Advances in Agricultural Systems Modeling-Transdisciplinary Research Synthesis and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IRRIGATED CROPPING SYSTEMS; NORTH-CENTRAL OREGON; NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT; TILLAGE SYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WINTER-WHEAT; CORN YIELDS; MODEL; DYNAMICS; MATTER AB Models are often used to quantify how land use change and management impact soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks because it is often not feasible to use direct measuring methods. Because models are simplifications of reality, it is essential to compare model outputs with measured values to evaluate model performance. In this chapter we compare the abilities of two process-based models (CQESTR and DayCent) and one empirical model (IPCC Tier 1 methodology) to represent how tillage intensity and nitrogen fertilizer inputs affect SOC stocks in a dryland wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow system in Oregon and an irrigated maize (Zea mays L.) system in Colorado. All three models correctly predicted SOC losses in Oregon, but the models (particularly the Tier 1 method) tended to underpredict the magnitude of losses. In Colorado, all three models underestimated SOC losses observed with conventional tillage and no N fertilizer addition. At both sites, observations showed higher losses (or smaller gains) compared to the models as tillage intensity increased and N fertilizer additions decreased. The IPCC Tier 1 method is meant to be used for large-scale applications and does not account for all of the processes that influence SOC stocks, so it is not surprising that this method does not perform particularly well when compared with field level observations. The process-based models performed better than the Tier 1 methodology, but could be improved by better accounting of erosion, the vertical distribution of SOC in the soil profile, and the impacts of nitrogen on plant production and carbon allocation. C1 [Del Grosso, Stephen J.; Reyes-Fox, Melissa] USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Gollany, Hero T.] ARS, USDA, CPCRC, 48037 Tubbs Ranch Rd, Adams, OR 97810 USA. RP Del Grosso, SJ (reprint author), USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM steve.delgrosso@ars.usda.gov; hero.gollany@ars.usda.gov; Melissa.Reyes@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2163-2774 BN 978-0-89118-346-4; 978-0-89118-345-7 J9 ADV AGR SYST MODEL PY 2016 VL 6 BP 89 EP 110 DI 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6.2013.0001.5 D2 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6 PG 22 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BE3JL UT WOS:000370803600006 ER PT S AU Smith, JE Heath, LS AF Smith, James E. Heath, Linda S. BE DelGrosso, SJ Ahuja, LR Parton, WJ TI Measuring and Modeling Carbon Stock Change Estimates for US Forests and Uncertainties from Apparent Inter-annual Variability SO SYNTHESIS AND MODELING OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND CARBON STORAGE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST SYSTEMS TO GUIDE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION SE Advances in Agricultural Systems Modeling-Transdisciplinary Research Synthesis and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES; BUDGET MODEL; INVENTORY; SEQUESTRATION AB Our approach is based on a collection of models that convert or augment the USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis program survey data to estimate all forest carbon component stocks, including live and standing dead tree aboveground and belowground biomass, forest floor (litter), down deadwood, and soil organic carbon, for each inventory plot. The data, which include estimates of forest area, can then be used in calculations for total stocks or change. We describe our approach, which has been used to estimate forest carbon stocks and stock change for the annual US greenhouse gas inventory compiled by the USEPA for reporting to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Results in the national stock change trends can exhibit relatively large annual changes in these change trends, which are called inter-annual variability. We examine the inter-annual variability and underlying data for the possible causes, and discuss implications. C1 [Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Smith, JE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM Jsmith11@fs.fed.us; Lheath@fs.fed.us NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2163-2774 BN 978-0-89118-346-4; 978-0-89118-345-7 J9 ADV AGR SYST MODEL PY 2016 VL 6 BP 111 EP 127 DI 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6.2013.0005 D2 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BE3JL UT WOS:000370803600007 ER PT S AU Del Grosso, SJ Ahuja, LR Parton, WJ AF Del Grosso, Stephen J. Ahuja, Lajpat R. Parton, William J. BE DelGrosso, SJ Ahuja, LR Parton, WJ TI Modeling GHG Emissions and Carbon Changes in Agricultural and Forest Systems to Guide Mitigation and Adaptation: Synthesis and Future Needs SO SYNTHESIS AND MODELING OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND CARBON STORAGE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST SYSTEMS TO GUIDE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION SE Advances in Agricultural Systems Modeling-Transdisciplinary Research Synthesis and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; IRRIGATED CROPPING SYSTEMS; GREENHOUSE-GAS MITIGATION; ALTERNATIVE MANAGEMENT; TILL CORN; SOIL N2O; SIMULATION; LIVESTOCK; DAYCENT; IMPACTS AB Agricultural production systems and land use change for agriculture and forestry are important sources of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Recent commitments by the European Union, the United States, and China to reduce GHG emissions highlight the need to improve estimates of current emissions and mitigation potentials for the agricultural and forestry sectors of the economy. Because it is not feasible to measure GHG emissions and carbon stock changes for these systems beyond the plot scale, models of varying complexity have been applied at regional and larger scales to estimate current emissions and mitigation potentials for different management change scenarios. The chapters in this volume demonstrate that both simple, empirically based methods and mechanistic, process-based models have strengths and weaknesses depending on the stakeholder interest, scale of application, and other factors. Model outputs often agree closely with observed GHG fluxes and carbon stock changes associated with management of agricultural soils, forests, and livestock production systems, but uncertainty in model results remains high when they are applied to new or novel management- landscape combinations due to limitations in model driver data, parametrizations, and representation of key processes. These limitations can be addressed by devoting resources to increase the quality and quantity of model driver data, particularly in developing countries, establishing protocols for modeling methods and making algorithms more transparent, and integrating observations using different approaches (e. g., bottom-up chamber-based vs. top-down micrometeorological-based gas flux measurements) into standardized databases to facilitate rigorous model testing. C1 [Del Grosso, Stephen J.; Ahuja, Lajpat R.] ARS, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Parton, William J.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Campus Delivery 1499, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Del Grosso, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM steve.delgrosso@ars.usda.gov; Laj.Ahuja@ars.usda.gov; William.parton@colostate.edu NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2163-2774 BN 978-0-89118-346-4; 978-0-89118-345-7 J9 ADV AGR SYST MODEL PY 2016 VL 6 BP 305 EP 317 DI 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6.2013.0008 D2 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BE3JL UT WOS:000370803600013 ER PT J AU Sanderson, MA Stout, R Brink, G AF Sanderson, Matt A. Stout, Robert Brink, Geoffrey TI Productivity, Botanical Composition, and Nutritive Value of Commercial Pasture Mixtures SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLANT-SPECIES RICHNESS; FORAGE MIXTURES; UNITED-STATES; GRASS; PERFORMANCE; DIVERSITY; CATTLE AB Pastures in the northeastern United States are oft en planted to mixtures of grasses and legumes. We evaluated several commercial seed mixtures to determine if the number of species in mixture affected yield and botanical composition in central Pennsylvania. Three replicate plots of 25 mixtures, five each of two, three, four, five, and six species of grasses and legumes were planted in August 2007 near State College, PA. Plots were grazed by beef cows for 3 yr. Dry matter (DM) yield was determined at each of the six harvests in each year. Botanical composition was measured at the first, third, and last harvest each year. Annual DM yield was positively related to the number of species planted (r(2) = 0.15, 0.18, and 0.26 for 2008, 2009, and 2010, respectively). Mixtures within groups of similar species richness, however, varied in yield. Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) did not establish or persist well in mixture with taller grasses [e.g., orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.)]. The short-lived species festulolium (X Festulolium Asch. & Graebn.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) contributed significantly to production during the first year and were replaced by longer-lived species such as orchardgrass and white clover (T. repens L.). Forage nutritive value was related to the botanical composition but not the number of species in mixture. Results suggest that a strategy of planting mixtures with a combination of fast-and slow-establishing species can be effective for multispecies pastures in central Pennsylvania. C1 [Sanderson, Matt A.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Stout, Robert] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Curtin Rd,Bldg 3702, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brink, Geoffrey] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr West, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Sanderson, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM Matt.Sanderson@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.2134/agronj15.0259 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200009 ER PT J AU Northup, BK Rao, SC AF Northup, Brian K. Rao, Srinivas C. TI Effects of Legume Green Manures on Forage Produced in Continuous Wheat Systems SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; WARM-SEASON LEGUMES; WINTER-WHEAT; GRAIN-YIELD; NITROGEN-SOURCE; GRASS PEA; WATER-USE; NO-TILL; FALLOW; GROWTH AB Inorganic N fertilizers are important to continuous systems of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) in the U.S. southern Great Plains (SGP). Costs have increased in recent years and resulted in producers considering summer-grown legumes as green N sources. This study (2008-2012) defined effects of lablab [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet 'Rio Verde'] cover crops on subsequent forage production by wheat under conventional and no-till management, compared to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. 'Laredo'], two inorganic fertilizer rates (40; 80 kg N ha(-1)yr(-1)), and unfertilized controls. Inoculated legume seeds were sown annually aft er wheat harvest, grown during June to August, and terminated in early-September. Wheat was sown late-September and samples collected at four growth stages through maturity. Wheat forage (kg ha(-1)), N concentration (g kg(-1)) and N accumulated (kg N ha(-1)) in forage were analyzed to define treatment, tillage, growth stage, and year effects. Precipitation was 53 to 92% of long-term average (LTA) for the wheat growing (October-May) period (1977-2012; 688 mm). Treatment x year interaction was significant (P < 0.01) for biomass, N concentration, and N accumulated in forage. Treatment effects on forage production varied among years; response to legume treatments were <= control. Response of N concentration and N accumulated in forage under legume treatments were largely <= control; responses to all treatments declined with length of study. Neither legume was an effective N source for forage production by continuous wheat systems in the SGP. C1 [Northup, Brian K.; Rao, Srinivas C.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Northup, BK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM brian.northup@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.2134/agronj15.0031 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200010 ER PT J AU Misar, CG Xu, L Gates, RN Boe, A Johnson, PS Schauer, CS Rickertsen, JR Stroup, WW AF Misar, Christopher G. Xu, Lan Gates, Roger N. Boe, Arvid Johnson, Patricia S. Schauer, Christopher S. Rickertsen, John R. Stroup, Walter W. TI Establishment and Persistence of Yellow-Flowered Alfalfa No-Till Interseeded into Crested Wheatgrass Stands SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOD-SEEDING ALFALFA; RANGELAND; SASKATCHEWAN; QUALITY AB Crested wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn., A. desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult., and related taxa] oft en exists in near monoculture stands in the northern Great Plains. Introducing locally adapted yellow-flowered alfalfa [Medicago sativa L. subsp. falcata (L.) Arcang.] would complement crested wheatgrass. Our objective was to evaluate effects of seeding date, clethodim {(E) -2-[1-[[(3-chloro-2-propenyl)oxy]imino]propyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio) propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} sod suppression, and seeding rate on initial establishment and stand persistence of Falcata, a predominantly yellow-flowered alfalfa, no-till interseeded into crested wheatgrass. Research was initiated in August 2008 at Newcastle, WY; Hettinger, ND; Fruitdale, SD; and Buffalo, SD. Effects of treatment factors on plant frequency during initial establishment were influenced by site environments. Late summer and spring were suitable seeding dates. Clethodim sod suppression increased seedling frequency in most cases. Seedling frequency increased as seeding rate increased from 0.56 to 7.84 kg pure live seed (PLS) ha(-1). Specific seeding dates, clethodim sod suppression, and high seeding rates did not greatly improve initial establishment when site environments were poor. Residual effects of seeding date and sod suppression post establishment were not significant at most locations, but seeding rate effects were evident. Initial establishment and persistence of Falcata alfalfa was successful at Newcastle, indicating that interseeding in late summer or spring using low seeding rates (<= 3.36 kg PLS ha(-1)) without clethodim can be effective. Assessing grass canopy cover, soil texture, and management (e.g., haying) is necessary to determine the suitability of crested wheatgrass sites for interseeding. C1 [Misar, Christopher G.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Misar, Christopher G.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Xu, Lan] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Gates, Roger N.; Johnson, Patricia S.] S Dakota State Univ, West River Ag Ctr, Dept Nat Resource Management, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. [Boe, Arvid] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Schauer, Christopher S.; Rickertsen, John R.] N Dakota State Univ, Hettinger Res Extens Ctr, Hettinger, ND 58639 USA. [Stroup, Walter W.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Xu, L (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM lan.xu@sdstate.edu FU South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station; National Institute of Food and Agriculture through the Five States Ruminant Consortium; North Central Region SARE (NCR-SARE) Graduate Student Grant Program FX Research was funded in part by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, the National Institute of Food and Agriculture through the Five States Ruminant Consortium, and the North Central Region SARE (NCR-SARE) Graduate Student Grant Program. We thank Peter Larsen, Keith Franke, Bruce Swan, Douglas Young, and others for their contributions to the research. In addition, we thank Richard Horsley, Edward Gbur, and Mark West for their input regarding statistical analysis. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 141 EP 150 DI 10.2134/agronj2015.0271 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200014 ER PT J AU Gieske, MF Ackroyd, VJ Baas, DG Mutch, DR Wyse, DL Durgan, BR AF Gieske, Miriam F. Ackroyd, Victoria J. Baas, Dean G. Mutch, Dale R. Wyse, Donald L. Durgan, Beverly R. TI Brassica Cover Crop Effects on Nitrogen Availability and Oat and Corn Yield SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; GREEN MANURE; CATCH CROPS; EMISSIONS; RESIDUES; WINTER; ACCUMULATION; MANAGEMENT; RETENTION; FIELD AB Cover crops are used to scavenge residual soil nitrate, with the goal of reducing N losses from agricultural fields and increasing subsequent N availability. Two experiments were conducted to determine fall-planted brassica cover crops' effect on N availability for rotational crops. The first evaluated five species-brown mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern], hybrid turnip (Brassica rapa L. x B. napus L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), and white mustard (Sinapis alba L.)-in rotation with oat (Avena sativa L.). The second evaluated radish in rotation with corn (Zea mays L.). End of season cover crop biomass averaged 1160 to 6170 kg ha(-1) across experiments, locations, and years. Biomass did not differ by species. Nitrogen accumulation was generally greater than 70 kg ha(-1) (range 31-136 kg ha(-1)). In the subsequent spring and summer, brassica cover crops reduced soil nitrate N levels relative to a no-cover control by 0 to 132 kg ha(-1). In Exp. 1, all brassicas reduced oat N accumulation by >= 77 kg ha(-1) and oat biomass by >= 1255 kg ha(-1) in June 2012, relative to the control. Mustards reduced oat grain yield by 505 kg ha(-1) in 2011, while radish increased oat yield by >= 578 kg ha(-1) in each year. In Exp. 2, radish did not affect corn V8 biomass N concentration, grain yield, or response to N fertilizer. Nitrogen taken up by brassica cover crops often is not available when the subsequent crop needs it. C1 [Gieske, Miriam F.; Wyse, Donald L.; Durgan, Beverly R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Ackroyd, Victoria J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ackroyd, Victoria J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Baas, Dean G.; Mutch, Dale R.] Michigan State Univ Extens, Centreville, MI 49032 USA. RP Gieske, MF (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.; Gieske, MF (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM gies0107@umn.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 42 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 151 EP 161 DI 10.2134/agronj2015.0119 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200015 ER PT J AU Wells, MS Reberg-Horton, SC Mirsky, SB AF Wells, M. Scott Reberg-Horton, S. Chris Mirsky, Steven B. TI Planting Date Impacts on Soil Water Management, Plant Growth, and Weeds in Cover-Crop-Based No-Till Corn Production SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CONSERVATION TILLAGE; ROLLER-CRIMPER; REDUCED-TILLAGE; VETCH; NITROGEN; RYE; MULCHES; USA; SUPPRESSION; PERFORMANCE AB Low input and organic farmers are utilizing cover crop mulches in corn (Zea mays L.) production. Corn planting is typically delayed to improve the efficacy of mechanical termination with roller-crimpers. During the late spring, as cover crops are allowed to grow to maximize biomass production, soil moisture reserves can become depleted, thereby directly impacting early season growth of the subsequent cash crop. A 4 site-year study was conducted in North Carolina (Goldsboro, Kinston, and Salisbury) to evaluate the effects of timing of corn planting aft er roller-crimping a cover crop mulch, on soil moisture, crop stand, weed pressure and corn yield. Two cover crop mixtures were compared: winter pea [P/R, Pisum sativum ssp. arvense (L.) Poir.], and hairy vetch (HV/R, Vicia villosa Roth) were both mixed with cereal rye (Secale cereale L.). Both cover crop treatments produced biomass greater than 7000 kg ha(-1) dry matter at all sites. Delayed planting aft er the cover crops were rolled-crimped did not enhance the soil volumetric water content (VWC) within the upper 10 cm. However, at Kinston in 2012, the VWC was 23% greater in the HV/R when compared to P/R and no-mulch treatments. The corn planting date across all 4 site-years did not affect weed biomass. Corn (2011) in the cover crop treatments yielded equivalent to their weed-free no-till without cover crop mulch counterparts. These results support the viability of rolled-crimped cover crop mulches as a lower energy input alternative to existing organic corn systems that rely solely on intensive tillage for weed management. C1 [Wells, M. Scott] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Reberg-Horton, S. Chris] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Mirsky, Steven B.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Iab, Bldg 001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mirsky, SB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Iab, Bldg 001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM steven.mirsky@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 36 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 162 EP 170 DI 10.2134/agronj2014.0524 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200016 ER PT J AU Ma, LW Ahuja, LR Trout, TJ Nolan, BT Malone, RW AF Ma, Liwang Ahuja, Lajpat R. Trout, Thomas J. Nolan, Bernard T. Malone, Robert W. TI Simulating Maize Yield and Biomass with Spatial Variability of Soil Field Capacity SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; RZWQM2 MODEL; CROP MODELS; INPUT DATA; CORN; UNCERTAINTY; VALIDATION AB Spatial variability in field soil properties is a challenge for system modelers who use single representative values, such as means, for model inputs, rather than their distributions. In this study, the root zone water quality model (RZWQM2) was first calibrated for 4 yr of maize (Zea mays L.) data at six irrigation levels in northern Colorado and then used to study spatial variability of soil field capacity (FC) estimated in 96 plots on maize yield and biomass. The best results were obtained when the crop parameters were fitted along with FCs, with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 354 kg ha(-1) for yield and 1202 kg ha(-1) for biomass. When running the model using each of the 96 sets of field-estimated FC values, instead of calibrating FCs, the average simulated yield and biomass from the 96 runs were close to measured values with a RMSE of 376 kg ha(-1) for yield and 1504 kg ha(-1) for biomass. When an average of the 96 FC values for each soil layer was used, simulated yield and biomass were also acceptable with a RMSE of 438 kg ha(-1) for yield and 1627 kg ha(-1) for biomass. Therefore, when there are large numbers of FC measurements, an average value might be sufficient for model inputs. However, when the ranges of FC measurements were known for each soil layer, a sampled distribution of FCs using the Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) might be used for model inputs. C1 [Ma, Liwang; Ahuja, Lajpat R.] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Trout, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Water Management Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Nolan, Bernard T.] US Geol Survey, 413 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Malone, Robert W.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ma, LW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Liwang.Ma@ars.usda.gov OI Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 171 EP 184 DI 10.2134/agronj2015.0206 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200017 ER PT J AU Nielsen, DC Lyon, DJ Higgins, RK Hergert, GW Holman, JD Vigil, MF AF Nielsen, David C. Lyon, Drew J. Higgins, Robert K. Hergert, Gary W. Holman, Johnathon D. Vigil, Merle F. TI Cover Crop Effect on Subsequent Wheat Yield in the Central Great Plains SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL-WATER AVAILABILITY; LENTIL GREEN-MANURE; WINTER-WHEAT; FALLOW REPLACEMENT; REPLACING FALLOW; SEMIARID MONTANA; MANAGEMENT; SUNFLOWER; CORN; PEA AB Crop production systems in the water-limited environment of the semiarid central Great Plains may not have potential to profitably use cover crops because of lowered subsequent wheat (Triticum asestivum L.) yields following the cover crop. Mixtures have reportedly shown less yield-reducing effects on subsequent crops than single-species plantings. This study was conducted to determine winter wheat yields following both mixtures and single-species plantings of spring-planted cover crops. The study was conducted at Akron, CO, and Sidney, NE, during the 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 wheat growing seasons under both rainfed and irrigated conditions. Precipitation storage efficiency before wheat planting, wheat water use, biomass, and yield were measured and water use efficiency and harvest index were calculated for wheat following four single-species cover crops (flax [Linum usitatissimum L.], oat [Avena sativa L.], pea [Pisum sativum ssp. arvense L. Poir], rapeseed [Brassica napus L.]), a 10-species mixture, and a fallow treatment with proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) residue. There was an average 10% reduction in wheat yield following a cover crop compared with following fallow, regardless of whether the cover crop was grown in a mixture or in a single-species planting. Yield reductions were greater under drier conditions. The slope of the wheat water use-yield relationship was not significantly different for wheat following the mixture (11.80 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)) than for wheat following single-species plantings (12.32-13.57 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)). The greater expense associated with a cover crop mixture compared with a single species is not justified. C1 [Nielsen, David C.; Vigil, Merle F.] USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, 40335 Cty Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA. [Lyon, Drew J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 169 Johnson Hall,POB 646420, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Higgins, Robert K.] Univ Nebraska, High Plains Ag Lab, 3257 Rd 109, Sidney, NE 69162 USA. [Hergert, Gary W.] Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, 4502 Ave 1, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Holman, Johnathon D.] Southwest Res & Extens Ctr, 4500 East Mary St, Garden City, KS 67846 USA. RP Nielsen, DC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, 40335 Cty Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA. EM david.nielsen@ars.usda.gov RI Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009 OI Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183 NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 19 U2 70 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 243 EP 256 DI 10.2134/agronj2015.0372 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200023 ER PT J AU Piaskowski, JL Brown, D Campbell, KG AF Piaskowski, Julia L. Brown, David Campbell, Kimberly Garland TI Near-Infrared Calibration of Soluble Stem Carbohydrates for Predicting Drought Tolerance in Spring Wheat SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; GENOTYPIC VARIATION; GRAIN-GROWTH; NONSTRUCTURAL CARBOHYDRATE; VARIABLE SELECTION; GENOMIC SELECTION; RIDGE-REGRESSION; PLS-REGRESSION; WATER-STRESS; YIELD AB Soluble stem carbohydrates are a component of drought response in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and other grasses. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) can rapidly assay for soluble carbohydrates indirectly, but this requires a statistical model for calibration. The objectives of this study were: (i) to build a robust calibration between the NIR spectra and soluble carbohydrate concentration of ground wheat stems; and (ii) to determine whether soluble stem carbohydrates are correlated with yield rankings of drought-stricken wheat grown in the northwestern United States. Five spring wheat cultivars were grown in field trials conducted at six environments in the state of Washington varying in annual precipitation from 212 to 474 mm. Wheat stems were harvested from all plots at the onset of grain fill and assayed for NIR reflectance. Soluble stem carbohydrates were determined on a subset of the samples. The NIR data were calibrated to soluble stem carbohydrates using multiple linear regression, partial least squares regression, ridge regression with best linear unbiased prediction, random forest, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso), elastic net, and Bayesian lasso regression. Partial least squares regression provided the most accurate and reliable predictions for soluble carbohydrates. Correlations between soluble stem carbohydrates and grain yield were consistent across environments (r = 0.904 and rho = 0.80). The effect of environment on the variation in response variables was lower for soluble carbohydrates than yield (5.93 and 71.7%, respectively) across environments. These data provide evidence that stem carbohydrates can aid in selecting cultivars with enhanced drought resilience. C1 [Piaskowski, Julia L.; Brown, David] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Campbell, Kimberly Garland] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Piaskowski, JL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jpiaskowski@wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS [5348-21220-003-00D]; Washington Grains Commission [6451]; WSU Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources BioAg Project [110817-001] FX We gratefully acknowledge the help of Erin Getzin in performing the laboratory measurements, Lesley Murphy for her work refining the anthrone assay protocol, and Ross Bricklemeyer for equipment and software training. This work was conducted with support from the following: USDA-ARS in-house Project 5348-21220-003-00D; Washington Grains Commission Project 6451; and WSU Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources BioAg Project 110817-001. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 285 EP 293 DI 10.2134/agronj2015.0173 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200027 ER PT J AU Landry, EJ Coyne, CJ McGee, RJ Hu, JG AF Landry, Erik J. Coyne, Clarice J. McGee, Rebecca J. Hu, Jinguo TI Adaptation of Autumn-Sown Faba Bean Germplasm to Southeastern Washington SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MEDITERRANEAN-TYPE ENVIRONMENTS; VICIA-FABA; WINTER-HARDINESS; NORTHERN GERMANY; SOWING DATES; SEED RATES; YIELD; L.; RESISTANCE; SELECTION AB Information regarding the suitability of autumn-sown faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in southeastern Washington is lacking. Therefore, a variety trial testing the effects of two sowing dates was conducted for two seasons (2011-2012 and 2012-2013) at three locations: Central Ferry Research Farm (CF), Pomeroy, WA; Spillman Agronomy Farm (SF), Pullman, WA; Whitlow Farm (WF), Pullman, WA, with 20 northern European breeding lines, or cultivars, and U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Plant Germplasm System (USDA-ARS NPGS) sourced germplasm accessions with predetermined winter-hardiness. Winter-hardiness and yield varied depending on location, timing of sowing, and genotype effects. Survival was greatest at CF where the extreme low air temperature was -6 degrees C, yet multiple entries tolerated an extreme low of -14 degrees C in Pullman. In both years, the second sowing at the CF location improved survival, whereas the first sowing was only beneficial at the Pullman locations when seedlings were established before the first hard frost. Providing a longer establishment and cold acclimation period was expected to optimize hardiness and yield potential. However, achieving two to three nodes before the first hard frost was difficult at dryland managed SF and WF locations where soil moisture was limiting. Across entries and site-years, the mean survival was 65% with a yield of 2800 kg ha(-1). To realize the potential of autumn-sown faba bean in southeastern Washington, genotypes with earlier maturity than the northern European materials tested herein will be needed. C1 [Landry, Erik J.; Coyne, Clarice J.; Hu, Jinguo] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Landry, Erik J.; Coyne, Clarice J.; McGee, Rebecca J.; Hu, Jinguo] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [McGee, Rebecca J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet Physiol Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Hu, JG (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.; Hu, JG (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM Jinguo.hu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5348-21000-026-00D]; NIFA MultiState Project [W006]; ARCS Foundation FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5348-21000-026-00D and NIFA MultiState Project W006 to Jinguo Hu and Scholarship from the ARCS Foundation to Erik Landry. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance with planting and plot maintenance by Jarrod Pfaff, Sean Vail, and Wayne Olson. We would also like to thank Lisa Taylor for technical assistance. Mention of trademarks, proprietary products, or vendors does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of products by USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. All programs and services of the USDA are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis, without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, sexual orientation, age, marital status, or handicap. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 301 EP 308 DI 10.2134/agronj2015.0028 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200029 ER PT J AU Werle, R Jhala, AJ Yerka, MK Dille, JA Lindquist, JL AF Werle, Rodrigo Jhala, Amit J. Yerka, Melinda K. Dille, J. Anita Lindquist, John L. TI Distribution of Herbicide-Resistant Shattercane and Johnsongrass Populations in Sorghum Production Areas of Nebraska and Northern Kansas SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ALS-INHIBITING HERBICIDES; ECOLOGICAL FITNESS; BICOLOR; GROWTH; HYBRIDIZATION; GLYPHOSATE; BIOTYPES; HYBRIDS; SEED AB Overreliance on acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides for weed control during the 1990s resulted in selection of ALS-resistant shattercane [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) de Wet ex Davidse] biotypes in Nebraska. The objective of this study was to assess the baseline presence of ALS-resistance in 190 shattercane and 59 johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] populations collected across northern Kansas, northwestern Missouri, and southern Nebraska in 2013. In 2014, a preliminary field experiment was conducted to evaluate the presence of herbicide resistance in the aforementioned populations. Treatments consisted of four herbicides (clethodim {2-[1-[[(E)-3-chloroprop-2-enoxy]amino]propylidene]-5-(2-ethylsulfanylpropyl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione}, glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine], imazethapyr [5-ethyl-2-(4-methyl-5-oxo-4-propan-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine-3-carboxylic acid], and nicosulfuron {2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoylsulfamoyl]-N,N-dimethylpyridine-3-carboxamide}) applied at labeled rates. Clethodim and glyphosate controlled all shattercane and johnsongrass populations evaluated. Putative imazethapyr and nicosulfuron (ALS-inhibiting herbicides) resistant populations were further exposed to a dose-response study under greenhouse conditions. Five shattercane and five johnsongrass populations were confirmed resistant to imazethapyr. Four shattercane and three johnsongrass populations were confirmed resistant to nicosulfuron. All ALS-resistant shattercane and johnsongrass populations were collected in Nebraska except for one johnsongrass population, resistant to nicosulfuron, that was collected in Kansas. Acetolactate synthase-resistance persists, even though ALS-inhibitors have not been widely used to control shattercane and johnsongrass for more than 15 yr, indicating the lack of a strong fitness cost associated with ALS-resistance. Therefore, shattercane and johnsongrass should be properly managed before and during the commercialization of ALS-tolerant grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. bicolor] (expected in 2017), especially in regions where ALS-resistance has been confirmed. C1 [Werle, Rodrigo; Jhala, Amit J.; Lindquist, John L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, 279 PLSH, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Yerka, Melinda K.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 137 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Dille, J. Anita] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, 3701 Throckmorton Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Lindquist, JL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, 279 PLSH, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jlindquist1@unl.edu OI Jhala, Amit/0000-0001-8599-4996 FU United Sorghum Checkoff Program [USCP: CI008-13, CI009-15s] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Lowell Sandell, Dr. Greg Kruger, and Irvin Schleufer from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln for their assistance with the seed collection. David Saunders, Kenneth Carlson, and Jeffrey Krumm with DuPont provided valuable technical support to this research. Thanks to Darren Binder, Bret Raush, Roberto Martins and all the undergraduate students that assisted with the laboratory, field, and greenhouse activities during this research. Thanks to Dr. Sharon Clay for the invitation to publish this manuscript as part of the "Use of Gem Flow Information in an Environmental Risk Assessment of Biotechnology Derived Crops' symposium and the journal reviewers for improvements to the manuscript. This project was funded by the United Sorghum Checkoff Program (USCP: CI008-13 and CI009-15s). NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 321 EP 328 DI 10.2134/agronj2015.0217 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200032 ER PT J AU Wortmann, CS Shapiro, CA Schmer, MR AF Wortmann, Charles S. Shapiro, Charles A. Schmer, Marty R. TI Residue Harvest Effects on Irrigated, No-Till Corn Yield and Nitrogen Response SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL CARBON; MANAGEMENT; REMOVAL; STOVER; NEBRASKA; ENERGY; GRAIN; CROP AB Crop residue harvest occurs on about 40% of Nebraska's 3,700,000 ha of corn (Zea mays L.) land, primarily for feeding of beef cattle. Immobilization of applied N is expected to be less with residue harvest due to reduced microbial activity for digestion of high C/N ratio organic material. Residue reduction may affect subsequent crop yield and response to applied N. Field research was conducted at three locations over 2 yr in eastern Nebraska for irrigated, no-till corn following corn to determine residue harvest effects on yield and the economically optimal nitrogen rate (EONR). Study sites had deep silt loam or silty clay loam soil with good water infiltration and plant-available water holding capacity. Mean aboveground biomass N content, applied N recovery efficiency, and grain yield were 22, 43, and 20% higher with >75% residue removal compared with no residue removal. Agronomic efficiency of applied N use was not consistently affected. The residue removal effects were oft en greater in the third compared with second year of continuous corn. The residue removal effect on EONR was not consistent over site-years, and the mean reduction in EONR with residue removal was between 10 and 20 kg ha(-1). While removal of some corn residue is expected to result in higher yield of the following corn crop, reduction in applied N need cannot be well predicted before planting. C1 [Wortmann, Charles S.; Shapiro, Charles A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Schmer, Marty R.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Wortmann, CS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM cwortmann2@unl.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 384 EP 390 DI 10.2134/agronj2015.0361 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200039 ER PT J AU Mateus, GP Crusciol, CAC Pariz, CM Borghi, E Costa, C Martello, JM Franzluebbers, AJ Castilhos, AM AF Mateus, G. P. Crusciol, C. A. C. Pariz, C. M. Borghi, E. Costa, C. Martello, J. M. Franzluebbers, A. J. Castilhos, A. M. TI Sidedress Nitrogen Application Rates to Sorghum lntercropped with Tropical Perennial Grasses SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION SYSTEM; LAND-USE EFFICIENCY; NO-TILLAGE SYSTEM; GRAIN-YIELD; INTERCROPPING TIME; SOYBEAN CULTIVARS; FORAGE PRODUCTION; PALISADE GRASS; COVER CROPS; CORN AB Intercropping sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] with tropical perennial grasses and using the appropriate rate of sidedress N application can maximize grain yield (GY) and revenue and can improve land-use efficiency (LUE). The effects of monocropped sorghum (MS) or sorghum intercropped with palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu; SPG) or guineagrass (Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa; SGG) and sidedress N application rates of 0, 50, 100, and 200 kg ha(-1) on leaf nutrient concentration, sorghum GY, revenue, and LUE were investigated during three growing seasons at Botucatu, SP, Brazil, on a clay, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Haplorthox. The SGG treatment had lower leaf N, P, and K concentrations and lower 1000-grain weight, shoot dry matter, and GY than MS and SPG at all sidedress N rates; MS and SPG at 200 kg ha-1 of sidedress N resulted in greater sorghum GYs (3.80 and 3.81 Mg ha-1, respectively). The forage dry matter production (FDMP) and crude protein of tropical perennial grasses were higher as a function of the sidedress N rate. The SGG treatment resulted in negative net profits for all sidedress N rates. The MS and SPG treatments (independent of sidedress N rates) resulted in similar net profits (approximately US$85 and 560 ha(-1), respectively). The SPG treatment using 200 kg ha-1 of sidedress N resulted in a higher land equivalent ratio and relative N yield (1.27 and 123%, respectively) than SGG (0.96 and 107%, respectively). The SPG treatment with 200 kg ha(-1) of sidedress N is the best option for increasing sorghum GY, revenue, and FDMP from autumn to part of the spring and for improving LUE. C1 [Mateus, G. P.] Sao Paulo Agcy Agribusiness Technol APTA, Andradina, SP, Brazil. [Crusciol, C. A. C.; Martello, J. M.] UNESP, Coll Agr Sci, Dept Crop Sci, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Pariz, C. M.; Costa, C.; Castilhos, A. M.] UNESP, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sci, Dept Anim Nutr & Breeding, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Borghi, E.] UNESP, Coll Agr Sci, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Borghi, E.] Brazilian Agr Res Corp EM BRA PA, Corn & Sorghum Res Ctr, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil. [Franzluebbers, A. J.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, 3218 Williams Hall,Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Crusciol, CAC (reprint author), UNESP, Coll Agr Sci, Dept Crop Sci, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. EM crusciol@fca.unesp.br RI Magalhaes Pariz, Cristiano/C-3154-2012; Costa, Ciniro/C-6487-2012 FU Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2003/09914-3, 2003/01969-3]; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPQ) FX We would like to thank the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) for financial support (Registry no. 2003/09914-3 and 2003/01969-3) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPQ) for an award for excellence in research to C.A.C. Crusciol and C. Costa. NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 BP 433 EP 447 DI 10.2134/agronj2015.0236 PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE1GN UT WOS:000370375200045 ER PT J AU Siegel, RB Tingley, MW Wilkerson, RL Howell, CA Johnson, M Pyle, P AF Siegel, Rodney B. Tingley, Morgan W. Wilkerson, Robert L. Howell, Christine A. Johnson, Matthew Pyle, Peter TI Age structure of Black-backed Woodpecker populations in burned forests SO AUK LA English DT Article DE Black-backed Woodpecker; Picoides arcticus; natal dispersal; breeding dispersal; population age structure; molt ID NORTH-AMERICAN BIRDS; HOME-RANGE SIZE; BREEDING DISPERSAL; SITE FIDELITY; HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; CONIFEROUS FORESTS; LONGEVITY RECORDS; SIERRA-NEVADA; PHILOPATRY; COMMUNITIES AB Population age structure is important for understanding population dynamics, but can be difficult to resolve in landbirds due to the limited number of age classes discernible by examining plumage. In forests of western North America, Black-backed Woodpeckers (Picoides articus) typically colonize burned areas shortly after fire, but densities decline within 6-10 yr. This pattern is often assumed to result from adult Black-backed Woodpeckers abandoning territories when food resources wane, yet long-distance breeding dispersal is relatively rare in birds, whereas longdistance natal dispersal is more common. To determine whether colonization of newly burned areas is driven primarily by breeding dispersal of adults or natal dispersal by young birds, we captured 57 adult Black-backed Woodpeckers in 6 burned areas in California between 1 and 8 yr after fire. We used patterns of multiple feather generations retained among primary coverts, secondaries, and secondary coverts to assign birds to 1 of 5 age classes (second-, third-, and fourth-calendar-year; after-third-calendar-year; and after-fourth-calendar-year). Population age structure varied dramatically across burned areas, with a preponderance of second-calendar-year birds in the 1 yr and 2 yr postfire areas, and a preponderance of birds at least 3 yr old in the older postfire areas. Poisson generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) revealed that the effect of years since fire on woodpecker age was highly significant (z = 3.575, P < 0.001). Our results indicate that natal dispersal is the primary means by which Black-backed Woodpeckers colonize recently burned areas in western forests, and that breeding dispersal is uncommon. The decline of Black-backed Woodpecker populations 6-10 yr after fire likely reflects the lifespan of individual birds that colonized the burned area, or of offspring that they produced in the early postfire years. Our discrimination of Black-backed Woodpeckers into 5 age classes confirms previous suppositions about plumage-based age determination in woodpeckers, and is likely applicable to other woodpecker species. C1 [Siegel, Rodney B.; Wilkerson, Robert L.; Pyle, Peter] Inst Bird Populat, Point Reyes Stn, CA USA. [Tingley, Morgan W.] Univ Connecticut, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT USA. [Howell, Christine A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA USA. [Johnson, Matthew] US Forest Serv, USDA, Plumas Natl Forest, Quincy, CA USA. RP Siegel, RB (reprint author), Inst Bird Populat, Point Reyes Stn, CA USA. EM rsiegel@birdpop.org OI Tingley, Morgan/0000-0002-1477-2218 FU Pacific Southwest Region of the USDA Forest Service; Plumas National Forest FX This project was funded by the Pacific Southwest Region of the USDA Forest Service and by Plumas National Forest. Neither of the funders required approval of the final manuscript prior to submission or publication. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 18 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD JAN PY 2016 VL 133 IS 1 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1642/AUK-15-137.1 PG 10 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA DE1WT UT WOS:000370417900007 ER PT J AU Mallon, JM Bildstein, KL Katzner, TE AF Mallon, Julie M. Bildstein, Keith L. Katzner, Todd E. TI In-flight turbulence benefits soaring birds SO AUK LA English DT Article DE Cathartes aura; contorted soaring; Coragyps atratus; flight behavior; turbulence; updraft ID TURKEY VULTURES; CORAGYPS-ATRATUS; CATHARTES-AURA; MIGRATION; BEHAVIOR; BLACK; SIMULATIONS; FOREST AB Birds use atmospheric updrafts to subsidize soaring flight. We observed highly variable soaring flight by Black Vultures (Coragyps atratus) and Turkey Vultures (Cathartes aura) in Virginia, USA, that was inconsistent with published descriptions of terrestrial avian flight. Birds engaging in this behavior regularly deviated vertically and horizontally from linear flight paths. We observed the soaring flight behavior of these 2 species to understand why they soar in this manner and when this behavior occurs. Vultures used this type of soaring mainly at low altitudes (< 50 m), along forest edges, and when conditions were poor for thermal development. Because of the tortuous nature of this flight, we describe it as "contorted soaring.'' The primary air movement suitable to subsidize flight at this altitude and under these atmospheric conditions is small-scale, shear-induced turbulence, which our results suggest can be an important resource for soaring birds because it permits continuous subsidized flight when other types of updraft are not available. C1 [Mallon, Julie M.; Katzner, Todd E.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Bildstein, Keith L.] Hawk Mt Sanctuary, Acopian Ctr Conservat Learning, Orwigsburg, PA USA. [Katzner, Todd E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Timber & Watershed Lab, Parsons, WV USA. [Katzner, Todd E.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID USA. [Mallon, Julie M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Mallon, JM (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.; Mallon, JM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM jmmallon@umd.edu OI Katzner, Todd/0000-0003-4503-8435 FU Hawk Mountain Sanctuary; Burket-Plack Foundation FX This research was supported by funding from Hawk Mountain Sanctuary and the Burket-Plack Foundation. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 15 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD JAN PY 2016 VL 133 IS 1 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1642/AUK-15-114.1 PG 7 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA DE1WT UT WOS:000370417900008 ER PT J AU Pearson, DE Ortega, YK Eren, O Hierro, JL AF Pearson, Dean E. Ortega, Yvette K. Eren, Ozkan Hierro, Jose L. TI Quantifying "apparent" impact and distinguishing impact from invasiveness in multispecies plant invasions SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Bromus tectorum; Centaurea stoebe; invader impact; invasion thresholds; invasional meltdown; invasiveness; Montana; USA; noxious weed lists; weed impact rankings ID BROMUS-TECTORUM L; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; BIOTIC RESISTANCE; COMMUNITIES; MELTDOWN; ESTABLISHMENT; COMPETITION; ECOSYSTEMS; HYPOTHESIS; DOMINANCE AB The quantification of invader impacts remains a major hurdle to understanding and managing invasions. Here, we demonstrate a method for quantifying the community-level impact of multiple plant invaders by applying Parker et al.'s (1999) equation (impact = range x local abundance x per capita effect or per unit effect) using data from 620 survey plots from 31 grasslands across west-central Montana, USA. In testing for interactive effects of multiple invaders on native plant abundance (percent cover), we found no evidence for invasional meltdown or synergistic interactions for the 25 exotics tested. While much concern exists regarding impact thresholds, we also found little evidence for nonlinear relationships between invader abundance and impacts. These results suggest that management actions that reduce invader abundance should reduce invader impacts monotonically in this system. Eleven of 25 invaders had significant per unit impacts (negative local-scale relationships between invader and native cover). In decomposing the components of impact, we found that local invader abundance had a significant influence on the likelihood of impact, but range (number of plots occupied) did not. This analysis helped to differentiate measures of invasiveness (local abundance and range) from impact to distinguish high-impact invaders from invaders that exhibit negligible impacts, even when widespread. Distinguishing between high-and low-impact invaders should help refine trait-based prediction of problem species. Despite the unique information derived from evaluation of per unit effects of invaders, invasiveness scores based on range and local abundance produced similar rankings to impact scores that incorporated estimates of per unit effects. Hence, information on range and local abundance alone was sufficient to identify problematic plant invaders at the regional scale. In comparing empirical data on invader impacts to the state noxious weed list, we found that the noxious weed list captured 45% of the high-impact invaders but missed 55% and assigned the lowest risk category to the highest-impact invader. While such subjective weed lists help to guide invasive species management, empirical data are needed to develop more comprehensive rankings of ecological impacts. Using weed lists to classify invaders for testing invasion theory is not well supported. C1 [Pearson, Dean E.; Ortega, Yvette K.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 800 East Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Pearson, Dean E.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Eren, Ozkan] Adnan Menderes Univ, Fen Edebiyat Fak, Biyol Bolumu, TR-09100 Aydin, Turkey. [Hierro, Jose L.] Univ Nacl La Pampa, INCITAP CONICET UNLPam, Ave Uruguay 151, RA-6300 Santa Rosa, Argentina. [Hierro, Jose L.] Univ Nacl La Pampa, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Ave Uruguay 151, RA-6300 Santa Rosa, Argentina. RP Pearson, DE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 800 East Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.; Pearson, DE (reprint author), Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM dpearson@fs.fed.us FU Montana Noxious Weed Trust Fund; President's Early Career Award for Science and Engineering FX We thank B. Maxwell and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on this work. This research was made possible by the Bureau of Land Management, the Bitterroot and Lolo National Forests, the Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation, Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks, and the Salish and Kootenai Confederated Tribes providing access to conduct surveys. We are grateful to J. Birdsall, C. Casper, L. Glasgow, E. Masin, A. Pons, and J. Smith for their dedicated work in the field and to C. Brandt, P. Lesica, and P. Stickney for plant identification. Funding was provided by the Montana Noxious Weed Trust Fund to D. E. Pearson and Y. K. Ortega, and by the President's Early Career Award for Science and Engineering to D. E. Pearson. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 11 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 26 IS 1 BP 162 EP 173 DI 10.1890/14-2345 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8ZY UT WOS:000369511000014 PM 27039517 ER PT J AU Goncalves, VN Cantrell, CL Wedge, DE Ferreira, MC Soares, MA Jacob, MR Oliveira, FS Galante, D Rodrigues, F Alves, TMA Zani, CL Junior, PAS Murta, S Romanha, AJ Barbosa, EC Kroon, EG Oliveira, JG Gomez-Silva, B Galetovic, A Rosa, CA Rosa, LH AF Goncalves, Vivian N. Cantrell, Charles L. Wedge, David E. Ferreira, Mariana C. Soares, Marco Aurelio Jacob, Melissa R. Oliveira, Fabio S. Galante, Douglas Rodrigues, Fabio Alves, Tania M. A. Zani, Carlos L. Junior, Policarpo A. S. Murta, Silvane Romanha, Alvaro J. Barbosa, Emerson C. Kroon, Erna G. Oliveira, Jaquelline G. Gomez-Silva, Benito Galetovic, Alexandra Rosa, Carlos A. Rosa, Luiz H. TI Fungi associated with rocks of the Atacama Desert: taxonomy, distribution, diversity, ecology and bioprospection for bioactive compounds SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-RESISTANT; BLACK FUNGI; IN-VITRO; COMMUNITIES; NEOSARTORYA; PHYLOGENY; CHILE; ANTARCTICA; MACROALGAE; AMERICA AB This study assessed the diversity of cultivable rock-associated fungi from Atacama Desert. A total of 81 fungal isolates obtained were identified as 29 Ascomycota taxa by sequencing different regions of DNA. Cladosporium halotolerans, Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium cf. citrinum were the most frequent species, which occur at least in four different altitudes. The diversity and similarity indices ranged in the fungal communities across the latitudinal gradient. The Fisher-a index displayed the higher values for the fungal communities obtained from the siltstone and fine matrix of pyroclastic rocks with finer grain size, which are more degraded. A total of 23 fungal extracts displayed activity against the different targets screened. The extract of P. chrysogenum afforded the compounds a-linolenic acid and ergosterol endoperoxide, which were active against Cryptococcus neoformans and methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus respectively. Our study represents the first report of a new habitat of fungi associated with rocks of the Atacama Desert and indicated the presence of interesting fungal community, including species related with saprobes, parasite/pathogen and mycotoxigenic taxa. The geological characteristics of the rocks, associated with the presence of rich resident/resilient fungal communities suggests that the rocks may provide a favourable microenvironment fungal colonization, survival and dispersal in extreme conditions. C1 [Goncalves, Vivian N.; Ferreira, Mariana C.; Soares, Marco Aurelio; Kroon, Erna G.; Rosa, Carlos A.; Rosa, Luiz H.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Microbiol, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Oliveira, Fabio S.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Geog, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Cantrell, Charles L.; Wedge, David E.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, Oxford, MS USA. [Jacob, Melissa R.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Oxford, MS USA. [Galante, Douglas] Ctr Nacl Pesquisa Energia & Mat, Lab Nacl Luz Sincrotron, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Rodrigues, Fabio] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Alves, Tania M. A.; Zani, Carlos L.; Junior, Policarpo A. S.; Murta, Silvane; Romanha, Alvaro J.; Barbosa, Emerson C.; Oliveira, Jaquelline G.] FIOCRUZ MG, Ctr Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Romanha, Alvaro J.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitolo, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Gomez-Silva, Benito; Galetovic, Alexandra] Univ Antofagasta, Biomed Dept, Antofagasta, Chile. [Gomez-Silva, Benito; Galetovic, Alexandra] Univ Antofagasta, Ctr Biotechnol & Bioengn CeBiB, Antofagasta, Chile. RP Rosa, LH (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Microbiol, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. EM lhrosa@icb.ufmg.br RI Zani, Carlos/A-9658-2008; Galante, Douglas/G-8752-2011 OI Zani, Carlos/0000-0003-1859-177X; Galante, Douglas/0000-0002-3265-2527 FU CNPq [Universal 471721/2013-1]; CNPq (INCT Criosfera); CNPq PROANTAR [407230/2013-0]; FAPEMIG [0050-13]; Fapesp [2012/18936-0]; CAPES [23038.003478/2013-92]; FINEP [2084/07]; PDTIS FIOCRUZ; NIH, NIAID, Division of AIDS [AI 27094]; USDA Agricultural Research Service [58-6408-1-603]; CODEI [5394]; CeBiB [FB0001] FX We acknowledge the financial support from CNPq (Universal 471721/2013-1 and INCT Criosfera), CNPq PROANTAR 407230/2013-0, FAPEMIG (0050-13), Fapesp 2012/18936-0, CAPES (23038.003478/2013-92), FINEP (2084/07), PDTIS FIOCRUZ, NIH, NIAID, Division of AIDS Grant No. AI 27094 and the USDA Agricultural Research Service Specific Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6408-1-603. Dr. B. Gomez-Silva and Dr. A. Galetovic were supported by CODEI 5394 and CeBiB FB0001. There is no conflict of interest among the authors. The authors thank Mr. Solomon Green III, Ms. J.L. Robertson, Mrs. R. Pace, Mrs. Amber Reichley and Ms. Marsha Wright for technical assistance. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1462-2912 EI 1462-2920 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 232 EP 245 DI 10.1111/1462-2920.13005 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DE5LN UT WOS:000370672600019 PM 26235221 ER PT J AU Bufacchi, P Krieger, GC Mell, W Alvarado, E Santos, JC Carvalho, JA AF Bufacchi, Paulo Krieger, Guenther C. Mell, William Alvarado, Ernesto Santos, Jose Carlos Carvalho, Joao Andrade, Jr. TI Numerical simulation of surface forest fire in Brazilian Amazon SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Surface fire; Numerical simulation; Turbulent combustion; Brazilian Amazon; Rate of spread ID MEDITERRANEAN SHRUB; WILDLAND FIRE; SPREAD; MODEL; RADIATION; TEMPERATURE; PROPAGATION; WILDFIRE; FUELS; WIND AB This paper investigates fire spread through surface fuels of the Brazilian Amazon by using a three-dimensional, fully transient, physics-based computer simulation approach. Computer simulations are obtained through the solution to governing equations of fluid dynamics, combustion, heat transfer and thermal degradation of the vegetative fuel. Surface fuel fires composed mostly of dead leaves and twigs were numerically simulated and the calculated rate of spread was compared to findings from field observations. The importance of air humidity, vegetation temperature, moisture content, surface to volume ratio and bulk density was evaluated through the variation of each one individually in numerical simulation runs. Conclusions show that in the range of parameter variation considered, the most important parameters are the vegetation moisture, surface area to volume ratio, and bulk density. The vegetation initial temperature and air humidity, in the range of variation studied, did not influence the fire rate of spread. The numerical simulations also showed that the radiation process is very important and directly affects the fire rate of spread. Convection is less important because of the absence of external wind. The model is able to capture the main effects of a surface forest fire typical of the Amazon, and can be used as a numerical tool for studying such fires. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bufacchi, Paulo; Krieger, Guenther C.] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Politecn, Dept Mech Engn, Cidade Univ, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Mell, William] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA USA. [Alvarado, Ernesto] Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Santos, Jose Carlos] INPE, Cachoeira Paulista, SP, Brazil. [Carvalho, Joao Andrade, Jr.] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil. RP Bufacchi, P (reprint author), Rua Dr Thirso Martins 200-62, BR-04120050 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. EM paulo_bufacchi@hotmail.com RI Krieger Filho, Guenther/A-1669-2013 FU Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2008/04490-4, 2011/20679-2] FX Partial funding for this work was received under Grant # 2008/04490-4 and 2011/20679-2, Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0379-7112 EI 1873-7226 J9 FIRE SAFETY J JI Fire Saf. J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 79 BP 44 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.firesaf.2015.11.014 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DE2KL UT WOS:000370456100005 ER PT J AU Huang, HT Kim, SB Tsang, L Xu, XL Liao, TH Jackson, TJ Yueh, SH AF Huang, Huanting Kim, Seung-Bum Tsang, Leung Xu, Xiaolan Liao, Tien-Hao Jackson, Thomas J. Yueh, Simon H. TI Coherent Model of L-Band Radar Scattering by Soybean Plants: Model Development, Evaluation, and Retrieval SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Analytical method; coherent model; data-cube; mutual exclusion; soil moisture retrieval; soybean ID SOIL-MOISTURE RETRIEVAL; ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; VEGETATION; BACKSCATTERING; CANOPY; INVERSION; SURFACES; LAYER AB An improved coherent branching model for L-band radar remote sensing of soybean is proposed by taking into account the correlated scattering among scatterers. The novel feature of the analytical coherent model consists of conditional probability functions to eliminate the overlapping effects of branches in the former branching models. Backscattering coefficients are considered for a variety of scenarios over the full growth cycle for vegetation water content (VWC) and the complete drydown conditions for soil moisture. The results of the coherent model show that HH scattering has a significant difference up to 3 dB from that of the independent scattering when VWC is low, e.g., 0.2 kg/m(2). Forward model calculations are performed for the scattering from the soybean field for the full range of three axes of root-mean-square (RMS) height of bare soil, VWC, and soil moisture using the coherent model. The soybean volume scattering including the double-bounce term is combined with the back scattering of bare soil from the numerical Maxwell solutions that incorporates RMS height, soil permittivity, and correlation length, to form the forward model lookup table for the vegetated soil. The results are compared with data from 13 soybean fields collected as part of the soil moisture active passive validation experiment 2012 (SMAPVEX12). Time-series retrieval of soil moisture is also applied to the soybean fields by inverting the forward model lookup table. During the retrieval, the VWC is optimized with physical constraints obtained from ground measurements. The retrieval performances are significantly improved using the proposed coherent model: the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of the soil moisture retrieval is decreased from 0.09 to 0.05 cm(3)/cm(3) and the correlation coefficient is increased from 0.66 to 0.92. C1 [Huang, Huanting; Tsang, Leung; Liao, Tien-Hao] Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Huang, Huanting; Tsang, Leung; Liao, Tien-Hao] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. [Kim, Seung-Bum; Xu, Xiaolan; Yueh, Simon H.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Jackson, Thomas J.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Huang, HT (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Huang, HT (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. FU NASA SMAP project FX The authors would like to thank NASA SMAP project to support the work and the measurement data provided by the SMAPVEX12 field campaign. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is an Equal Opportunity Employer. They would also like to thank the reviewers for numerous comments that helped significantly improve the paper. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1939-1404 EI 2151-1535 J9 IEEE J-STARS JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 9 IS 1 BP 272 EP 284 DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2015.2469717 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DE3PE UT WOS:000370541400029 ER PT J AU Lohumi, S Lee, S Lee, H Kim, MS Lee, WH Cho, BK AF Lohumi, Santosh Lee, Sangdae Lee, Hoonsoo Kim, Moon S. Lee, Wang-Hee Cho, Byoung-Kwan TI Application of hyperspectral imaging for characterization of intramuscular fat distribution in beef SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Beef; Intramuscular fat; Nondestructive evaluation; Hyperspectral imaging; Analysis of variance; Spectral similarity analysis ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; COMPONENT ANALYSIS; FOOD QUALITY; PART II; PORK; MEAT; VISUALIZATION; MOISTURE; IMAGERY; SAFETY AB In this study, a hyperspectral imaging system in the spectral region of 400-1000 nm was used for visualization and determination of intramuscular fat concentration in beef samples. Hyperspectral images were acquired for beef samples, and spectral information was then extracted from each single sample from the fat and non-fat regions. The intramuscular fat content was chemically extracted and quantified for the same samples. Chemometrics including analysis of variance (ANOVA) and spectral similarity measures involving spectral angle measure (SAM), and Euclidian distance measure (EDM) were then used to analyze the data. An ANOVA analysis indicates that the two selected spectral variables (e.g., 650.4-736.4 nm) are effective to generate ratio image for visualization of the intramuscular fat distribution in beef. The spectral similarity analysis methods, which is based on the quantifying the spectral similarities by using predetermined endmember spectrum vector, provided comparable results for characterization and detection of intramuscular fat in beef. In term of overall classification accuracy, spectral similarity measure methods outperformed the ratio image of selected bands based on the result of ANOVA analysis. The results demonstrate that proposed technique has a potential for fast and nondestructive determination of intramuscular fat in beef. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lohumi, Santosh; Lee, Hoonsoo; Lee, Wang-Hee; Cho, Byoung-Kwan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Coll Agr & Life Sci, 99 Daehak Ro, Daejeon 305764, South Korea. [Lee, Sangdae] Korea Inst Ind Technol, Convergence Components & Agr Machinery Applicat C, 119,Jipyeong Seonsandan 3 Gil, Gimje Si 576881, Jeollabuk Do, South Korea. [Kim, Moon S.] ARS, Environm Microbiol & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Powder Mill Rd,Bldg 303,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cho, BK (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Coll Agr & Life Sci, 99 Daehak Ro, Daejeon 305764, South Korea. EM santosh123@cnu.ac.kr; sdlee96@kitech.re.kr; Hoonsoolee83@gmail.com; moon.kim@ars.usda.gov; wanghee@cnu.ac.kr; chobk@cnu.ac.kr FU Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA); Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF); Rural Development Administration (RDA); Korea Forest Service (KFS), Republic of Korea; Golden Seed Project FX This research was supported by Golden Seed Project, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF), Rural Development Administration (RDA) and Korea Forest Service (KFS), Republic of Korea. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 EI 1879-0275 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 74 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.infrared.2015.11.004 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA DD7GL UT WOS:000370091600001 ER PT J AU Riar, MK Carley, DS Zhang, CX Schroeder-Moreno, MS Jordan, DL Webster, TM Rufty, TW AF Riar, Mandeep K. Carley, Danesha S. Zhang, Chenxi Schroeder-Moreno, Michelle S. Jordan, David L. Webster, Theodore M. Rufty, Thomas W. TI Environmental Influences on Growth and Reproduction of Invasive Commelina benghalensis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHEASTERN QUEENSLAND; SEED-GERMINATION; BROADLEAF WEEDS; CRITICAL PERIOD; UNITED-STATES; GLYCINE-MAX; TEMPERATURE; RESPONSES; COTTON; PHOTOPERIOD AB Commelina benghalensis (Benghal dayflower) is a noxious weed that is invading agricultural systems in the southeastern United States. We investigated the influences of nutrition, light, and photoperiod on growth and reproductive output of C. benghalensis. In the first experimental series, plants were grown under high or low soil nutrition combined with either full light or simulated shade. Lowered nutrition strongly inhibited vegetative growth and aboveground spathe production. Similar but smaller effects were exerted by a 50% reduction in light, simulating conditions within a developing canopy. In the second series of experiments, C. benghalensis plants were exposed to different photoperiod conditions that produced short-and long-day plants growing in similar photosynthetic periods. A short-day photoperiod decreased time to flowering by several days and led to a 40 to 60% reduction in vegetative growth, but reproduction above and below ground was unchanged. Collectively, the results indicate that (1) fertility management in highly weathered soils may strongly constrain competitiveness of C. benghalensis; (2) shorter photoperiods will limit vegetative competitiveness later in the growing seasons of most crops; and (3) the high degree of reproductive plasticity and output possessed by C. benghalensis will likely cause continual persistence problems in agricultural fields. C1 [Riar, Mandeep K.; Carley, Danesha S.; Zhang, Chenxi; Schroeder-Moreno, Michelle S.; Jordan, David L.; Rufty, Thomas W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Webster, Theodore M.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jordan, DL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM david_jordan@ncsu.edu NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU HINDAWI LTD PI LONDON PA ADAM HOUSE, 3RD FLR, 1 FITZROY SQ, LONDON, WIT 5HE, ENGLAND SN 1687-8159 EI 1687-8167 J9 INT J AGRON JI Int. J. Agron. PY 2016 AR UNSP 5679249 DI 10.1155/2016/5679249 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DE5XV UT WOS:000370707600001 ER PT J AU Riley, DG Burke, JM Chase, CC Coleman, SW AF Riley, D. G. Burke, J. M. Chase, C. C., Jr. Coleman, S. W. TI Heterosis and direct effects for Charolais-sired calf weight and growth, cow weight and weight change, and ratios of cow and calf weights and weight changes across warm season lactation in Romosinuano, Angus, and F-1 cows in Arkansas SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Angus; cow weight; crossbreeding; gain; heterosis; maternal; Romosinuano ID RECIPROCAL-CROSS COWS; INFECTED TALL FESCUE; X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; GRAZING COMMON BERMUDAGRASS; DIFFERENT FORAGE SYSTEMS; BOS-TAURUS; MILK-YIELD; BEEF-CATTLE; MATERNAL HETEROSIS; PREWEANING TRAITS AB The use of Brahman in cow-calf production offers some adaptation to the harsh characteristics of endophyte-infected tall fescue. Criollo breeds, such as the Romosinuano, may have similar adaptation. The objectives were to estimate genetic effects in Romosinuano, Angus, and crossbred cows for their weights, weights of their calves, and ratios (calf weight: cow weight and cow weight change: calf weight gain) across lactation and to assess the influence of forage on traits and estimates. Cows (n = 91) were bred to Charolais bulls after their second parity. Calves (n = 214) were born from 2006 to 2009. Cows and calves were weighed in early (April and June), mid-(July), and late lactation (August and October). Animal was a random effect in analyses of calf data; sire was random in analyses of cow records and ratios. Fixed effects investigated included calf age, calf sex, cow age-year combinations, sire breed of cow, dam breed of cow, and interactions. Subsequent analyses evaluated the effect of forage grazed: endophyte-free or endophyte-infected tall fescue. Estimates of maternal heterosis for calf weight ranged from 9.3 +/- 4.3 to 15.4 +/- 5.7 kg from mid-lactation through weaning (P < 0.05). Romosinuano direct effects (of the cow) were -6.8 +/- 3.0 and -8.9 +/- 4.2 kg for weights recorded in April and June. Calf weights and weight gains from birth were greater (P < 0.05) for calves of cows grazing endophyte-free tall fescue except in mid-summer. Cow weight change from April to each time was negative for Angus cows and lower (P < 0.05) than other groups. Cows grazing endophyte-free tall fescue were heavier (P < 0.05) at all times but had more weight loss in late lactation. Angus cows had the lowest (P < 0.05) ratios (negative) of cow weight change: calf weight gain, indicating an energy-deficit condition. Cows grazing endophyte-free tall fescue had more negative (P < 0.05) values for this trait but not in early lactation (P < 0.05). Estimates of heterosis ranged from 12.8 +/- 9.5 to 28.6 +/- 9.4 kg for cow weight, 7.9 +/- 3.0 to 15.8 +/- 5.0 kg for cow weight change, and 0.07 +/- 0.03 to 0.27 +/- 0.1 for cow weight change: calf weight gain. Direct Romosinuano effects ranged from 14.8 +/- 4.2 to 49.8 +/- 7.7 kg for cow weight change and 0.2 +/- 0.04 to 0.51 +/- 0.14 for cow weight change: calf weight gain. The adaptive ability of Romosinuano in temperate fescue regions may be favorable with respect to relative cow and calf weight but may be a consequence of lower milk-producing ability. C1 [Riley, D. G.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Riley, D. G.] ARS, USDA, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Burke, J. M.] Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Chase, C. C., Jr.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Coleman, S. W.] Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Riley, DG (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.; Riley, DG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM david-riley@tamu.edu NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 29 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.2527/jas2015-9484 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA DE1GR UT WOS:000370375600001 PM 26812306 ER PT J AU Vallet, JL Calderon-Diaz, JA Stalder, KJ Phillips, C Cushman, RA Miles, JR Rempel, LA Rohrer, GA Lents, CA Freking, BA Nonneman, DJ AF Vallet, J. L. Calderon-Diaz, J. A. Stalder, K. J. Phillips, C. Cushman, R. A. Miles, J. R. Rempel, L. A. Rohrer, G. A. Lents, C. A. Freking, B. A. Nonneman, D. J. TI Litter-of-origin trait effects on gilt development SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE follicle; growth; mammary; ovary; puberty; uterus ID BODY-COMPOSITION; GENE-EXPRESSION; DAIRY HEIFERS; PUBERTY; UTERINE; UTERUS; GROWTH; ENERGY; LENGTH; IMMUNOGLOBULIN AB The preweaning litter environment of gilts can affect subsequent development. In a recent experiment designed to test the effects of diet on gilt development, litter-of-origin traits including individual birth weights, immunocrits (a measure of colostrum intake), sow parity, number weaned, and individual weaning weights were collected for approximately 1,200 gilts that were progeny of approximately 300 sows. Subsequently, BW, LM area, and backfat were measured at 100 d of age and at 28-d intervals until slaughter (260 d of age). From 160 d of age to slaughter, gilts were observed daily for estrus. At slaughter, the reproductive tract and 1 mammary gland were recovered. The reproductive tract was classified as cyclic or prepubertal; the number of corpora lutea was counted. Uterine horn lengths and ovarian dimensions were measured. Uterus and ovary samples from every 10th gilt were prepared for histological evaluation of uterine gland development and follicle counts, respectively. Mammary gland tissue protein and fat were assayed. Day of the estrous cycle at slaughter was calculated using the first day of the most recent standing estrus (d 0) recorded previous to slaughter. Each gilt development trait was analyzed for association with each litter-of-origin trait, after adjusting for dietary treatment effects. Uterine length, ovarian dimensions, mammary gland protein and fat, and uterine gland development were also adjusted for day of the estrous cycle at slaughter. All litter-of-origin traits were associated (P < 0.05) with growth traits. Top-down (backward elimination) multiple regression analysis indicated that BW and LM accretion in gilts was positively associated with immunocrit (P < 0.01), birth weight (P < 0.01), preweaning growth rate (P < 0.01), and parity (P < 0.01). Backfat accretion was positively associated with preweaning growth rate (P < 0.01), number weaned (P < 0.05), and parity (P < 0.05). Age at puberty was associated with birth weight (positive; P < 0.01) and preweaning growth rate (negative; P < 0.01). Total uterine length was positively associated with only birth weights (P < 0.05). Mammary gland protein was negatively associated with preweaning growth (P < 0.01). Mammary gland fat was positively associated with birth weight and number of piglets weaned (P > 0.05). These results indicate that colostrum consumption, birth weights, preweaning growth rate, number weaned, and parity are associated with gilt development traits during later life. C1 [Vallet, J. L.; Cushman, R. A.; Miles, J. R.; Rempel, L. A.; Rohrer, G. A.; Lents, C. A.; Freking, B. A.; Nonneman, D. J.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Calderon-Diaz, J. A.; Stalder, K. J.] Iowa State Univ, Anim Sci, 109 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Phillips, C.] Murphy Brown LLC, Prod Res, Rose Hill, NC 28458 USA. RP Vallet, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Jeff.Vallet@ars.usda.gov OI Stalder, Kenneth/0000-0001-9540-681X NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 96 EP 105 DI 10.2527/jas2015-9644 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA DE1GR UT WOS:000370375600011 PM 26812316 ER PT J AU Foote, AP Hales, KE Tait, RG Berry, ED Lents, CA Wells, JE Lindholm-Perry, AK Freetly, HC AF Foote, A. P. Hales, K. E. Tait, R. G., Jr. Berry, E. D. Lents, C. A. Wells, J. E. Lindholm-Perry, A. K. Freetly, H. C. TI Relationship of glucocorticoids and hematological measures with feed intake, growth, and efficiency of finishing beef cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE feed efficiency; glucocorticoids; hematology; physiological markers ID STRESS; CHALLENGE; BEHAVIOR; CORTISOL; SHEEP AB The objective of this experiment was to determine the association of glucocorticoids and markers for immune status in finishing beef steers and heifers with DMI, growth, and efficiency. Steers (n = 127) and heifers (n = 109) were individually fed a finishing ration for 84 d with BW measured every 21 d. Blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture for metabolite (glucose and lactate) and cortisol analysis and rectal grab samples of feces were collected for corticosterone analysis on d 83 of the experiment. Plasma cortisol was not correlated to DMI (r = -0.08, P > 0.05) or fractional DMI (g DMI/kg BW; r = -0.03, P > 0.05) but was negatively correlated with ADG (r = -0.17, P < 0.01) and G:F (r = -0.20, P < 0.01) and positively correlated to residual feed intake (RFI; r = 0.14, P < 0.05). Fecal corticosterone was positively correlated to fractional DMI (r = 0.15, P < 0.05) and RFI (r = 0.23, P < 0.01) and negatively correlated to G:F (r = -0.18, P < 0.01). Using a mixed model analysis, none of the metabolites or hormones were associated with DMI (P > 0.05) but fecal corticosterone was positively associated with fractional DMI only in heifers (P = 0.04). Plasma lactate (P < 0.01) was and plasma cortisol (P < 0.10) tended to be negatively associated with ADG. Plasma cortisol (P < 0.05) and fecal corticosterone tended (P < 0.10) to be negatively associated with G:F. Fecal corticosterone was positively associated with RFI in heifers (P < 0.04). In a mixed model analysis, total leukocyte count was positively associated with ADG (P < 0.04) and tended to be positively associated with G:F (P < 0.06). Among leukocyte subtypes, neutrophil count was positively associated with ADG in steers (P < 0.02) and monocytes were positively associated with ADG in heifers (P < 0.03). Lymphocyte counts (LY) in steers were negatively associated with DMI (P = 0.03) and fractional DMI (P < 0.03). In heifers, LY tended to be positively associated with DMI (P < 0.09) and fractional DMI (P < 0.06). Lymphocyte count was also positively associated with ADG (P < 0.01) and G:F (P = 0.05) in heifers. The association of production traits with immune status seems to be different between steers and heifers. There was a stronger relationship of cortisol than fecal corticosterone to feed efficiency measures, suggesting that cortisol concentrations could be a better marker for feed efficiency traits than fecal corticosterone concentrations. C1 [Foote, A. P.; Hales, K. E.; Tait, R. G., Jr.; Berry, E. D.; Lents, C. A.; Wells, J. E.; Lindholm-Perry, A. K.; Freetly, H. C.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Foote, AP (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Andrew.Foote@ars.usda.gov FU NIFA through the National Program for Genetic Improvement of Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle [2011-68004-30214] FX This project was partially funded by NIFA grant 2011-68004-30214 through the National Program for Genetic Improvement of Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 275 EP 283 DI 10.2527/jas2015-9407 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA DE1GR UT WOS:000370375600029 PM 26812334 ER PT J AU Myer, PR Wells, JE Smith, TPL Kuehn, LA Freetly, HC AF Myer, P. R. Wells, J. E. Smith, T. P. L. Kuehn, L. A. Freetly, H. C. TI Microbial community profiles of the jejunum from steers differing in feed efficiency SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE 16S ribosomal RNA; feed efficiency; jejunum; operational taxonomic units ID BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; BEEF-CATTLE; DAIRY-COWS; GUT; RUMEN; BUTYRATE; UNIFRAC; GROWTH; DIET AB Research regarding the association between the microbial community and host feed efficiency in cattle has primarily focused on the rumen. However, the various microbial populations within the gastrointestinal tract as a whole are critical to the overall well-being of the host and need to be examined when determining the interplay between host and nonhost factors affecting feed efficiency. The objective of this study was to characterize the microbial communities of the jejunum among steers differing in feed efficiency. Within 2 contemporary groups of steers, individual ADFI and ADG were determined from animals fed the same diet. At the end of each feeding period, steers were ranked based on their standardized distance from the bivariate mean (ADG and ADFI). Four steers with the greatest deviation within each Cartesian quadrant were sampled (n = 16/group; 2 groups). Bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons were sequenced from the jejunum content using next-generation sequencing technology. The phylum Firmicutes accounted for up to 90% of the populations within all samples and was dominated by the families Clostridiaceae and Ruminococcaceae. UniFrac principal coordinate analyses did not indicate any separation of microbial communities within the jejunum based on feed efficiency phenotype, and no significant changes were indicated by bacterial diversity or richness metrics. The relative abundances of microbial populations and operational taxonomic units did reveal significant differences between feed efficiency groups (P < 0.05), including the phylum Proteobacteria (P = 0.030); the families Lachnospiraceae (P = 0.035), Coriobacteriaceae (P = 0.012), and Sphingomonadaceae (P = 0.035); and the genera Butyrivibrio (P = 0.019), Acidaminococcus (P = 0.018), and Ammoniphilus (P = 0.022). The study identified jejunal microbial associations with feed efficiency, ADG, and ADFI. This study suggests the association of the jejunum microbial community as a factor influencing feed efficiency at the 16S level. C1 [Myer, P. R.; Wells, J. E.; Smith, T. P. L.; Kuehn, L. A.; Freetly, H. C.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Myer, P. R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Freetly, HC (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Harvey.Freetly@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68004-30214] FX This project is partially supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-68004-30214 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 9 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 327 EP 338 DI 10.2527/jas2015-9839 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA DE1GR UT WOS:000370375600033 PM 26812338 ER PT J AU McDermott, E Ryan, EJ Tosetto, M Gibson, D Burrage, J Keegan, D Byrne, K Crowe, E Sexton, G Malone, K Harris, RA Kellermayer, R Mill, J Cullen, G Doherty, GA Mulcahy, H Murphy, TM AF McDermott, Edel Ryan, Elizabeth J. Tosetto, Miriam Gibson, David Burrage, Joe Keegan, Denise Byrne, Kathryn Crowe, Eimear Sexton, Gillian Malone, Kevin Harris, R. Alan Kellermayer, Richard Mill, Jonathan Cullen, Garret Doherty, Glen A. Mulcahy, Hugh Murphy, Therese M. TI DNA Methylation Profiling in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Provides New Insights into Disease Pathogenesis SO JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS LA English DT Article DE Epigenetics; inflammatory bowel disease; DNA methylation ID CROHNS-DISEASE; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; DISCOVERY; ILLUMINA; ASSOCIATION; EPIGENETICS; MICROARRAYS; TRIM39R; SMOKING; PROTEIN AB Background and Aims: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are heterogeneous disorders with complex aetiology. Quantitative genetic studies suggest that only a small proportion of the disease variance observed in IBD is accounted for by genetic variation, indicating a potential role for differential epigenetic regulation in disease aetiology. The aim of this study was to assess genome-wide DNA methylation changes specifically associated with ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD) and IBD activity. Methods: DNA methylation was quantified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 149 IBD cases (61 UC, 88 CD) and 39 controls using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Technical and functional validation was performed using pyrosequencing and the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cross-tissue replication of the top differentially methylated positions (DMPs) was tested in colonic mucosa tissue samples obtained from paediatric IBD cases and controls. Results: A total of 3196 probes were differentially methylated between CD cases and controls, while 1481 probes were differentially methylated between UC cases and controls. There was considerable (45%) overlap between UC and CD DMPs. The top-ranked IBD-associated PBMC differentially methylated region (promoter region of TRIM39-RPP2) was also significantly hypomethylated in colonic mucosa from paediatric UC patients. In addition, we confirmed TRAF6 hypermethylation using pyrosequencing and found reduced TRAF6 gene expression in PBMCs of IBD patients. Conclusions: Our data provide new insights into differential epigenetic regulation of genes and molecular pathways, which may contribute to the pathogenesis and activity of IBD. C1 [McDermott, Edel; Ryan, Elizabeth J.; Tosetto, Miriam; Gibson, David; Keegan, Denise; Byrne, Kathryn; Sexton, Gillian; Cullen, Garret; Doherty, Glen A.; Mulcahy, Hugh] St Vincents Univ Hosp, Ctr Colorectal Dis, Dublin 4, Ireland. [McDermott, Edel; Ryan, Elizabeth J.; Gibson, David; Crowe, Eimear; Malone, Kevin; Cullen, Garret; Doherty, Glen A.; Mulcahy, Hugh] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Med & Med Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Burrage, Joe; Mill, Jonathan; Murphy, Therese M.] Univ Exeter, Sch Med, Exeter, Devon, England. [Crowe, Eimear; Malone, Kevin] St Vincents Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat Psychotherapy & Mental Hlth, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Harris, R. Alan] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kellermayer, Richard] Texas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mill, Jonathan] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, MRC Social Genet & Dev Psychiat Ctr, London, England. RP Mulcahy, H (reprint author), St Vincents Univ Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol, Ctr Colorectal Dis, Elm Pk, Dublin 4, Ireland. EM hemulc@hotmail.com RI Mill, Jonathan/B-3276-2010; Murphy, Therese/C-7481-2014; OI Mill, Jonathan/0000-0003-1115-3224; Murphy, Therese/0000-0002-7647-2798; Ryan, Elizabeth/0000-0002-5137-1253; Malone, Kevin M/0000-0001-5665-4706 FU AbbVie [10118]; Boston Scientific Newman Fellowship by the UCD Foundation; Gutsy Kids Fund; Karen and Brock Wagner family; Houston Men of Distinction; National Institutes of Health [P30 DK56338] FX This research was supported by a grant from AbbVie (no. 10118). EMcD was the recipient of the Boston Scientific Newman Fellowship awarded by the UCD Foundation. RK was supported by Gutsy Kids Fund, including philanthropic donation from the Karen and Brock Wagner family, the Houston Men of Distinction and the National Institutes of Health (P30 DK56338). NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1873-9946 EI 1876-4479 J9 J CROHNS COLITIS JI J. Crohns Colitis PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 77 EP 86 DI 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv176 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DD9WH UT WOS:000370275900014 PM 26419460 ER PT J AU Harry-O'kuru, RE Biresaw, G Tisserat, B Evangelista, R AF Harry-O'kuru, Rogers E. Biresaw, Girma Tisserat, Brent Evangelista, Roque TI Synthesis of Polyformate Esters of Vegetable Oils: Milkweed, Pennycress, and Soy SO JOURNAL OF LIPIDS LA English DT Article ID POLYHYDROXY TRIGLYCERIDES AB In a previous study of the characteristics of acyl derivatives of polyhydroxy milkweed oil (PHMWO), it was observed that the densities and viscosities of the respective derivatives decreased with increased chain length of the substituent acyl group. Thus from the polyhydroxy starting material, attenuation in viscosity of the derivatives relative to PHMWO was found in the order: PHMWO >> PAcMWE >> PBuMWE >> PPMWE (2332 : 1733 : 926.2 : 489.4 cSt, resp., at 40 degrees C), where PAcMWE, PBuMWE, and PPMWE were the polyacetyl, polybutyroyl, and polypentanoyl ester derivatives, respectively. In an analogous manner, the densities also decreased as the chain length increased although not as precipitously compared to the viscosity drop. By inference, derivatives of vegetable oils with short chain length substituents on the triglyceride would be attractive in lubricant applications in view of their higher densities and possibly higher viscosity indices. Pursuant to this, we have explored the syntheses of formyl esters of three vegetable oils in order to examine the optimal density, viscosity, and related physical characteristics in relation to their suitability as lubricant candidates. In the absence of ready availability of formic anhydride, we opted to employ the epoxidized vegetable oils as substrates for formyl ester generation using glacial formic acid. The epoxy ring-opening process was smooth but was apparently followed by a simultaneous condensation reaction of the putative alpha-hydroxy formyl intermediate to yield vicinal diformyl esters from the oxirane. All three polyformyl esters milkweed, soy, and pennycress derivatives exhibited low coefficient of friction and a correspondingly much lower wear scar in the 4-ball antiwear test compared to the longer chain acyl analogues earlier studied. C1 [Harry-O'kuru, Rogers E.; Biresaw, Girma; Evangelista, Roque] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Biooils Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Tisserat, Brent] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Funct Food Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Harry-O'kuru, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Biooils Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM rogers.harryokuru@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 2090-3030 EI 2090-3049 J9 J LIPIDS JI J. Lipids PY 2016 AR 3128604 DI 10.1155/2016/3128604 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DD9PA UT WOS:000370256800001 ER PT J AU McCluskey, BJ Morrison, B AF McCluskey, Brian J. Morrison, Bob TI Another emerging disease: Swine Enteric Coronaviruses SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [McCluskey, Brian J.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Morrison, Bob] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP McCluskey, BJ (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 EI 1873-1716 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 123 BP 154 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.12.001 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DE0HU UT WOS:000370306500017 PM 26773474 ER PT J AU McCluskey, BJ Haley, C Rovira, A Main, R Zhang, Y Barder, S AF McCluskey, Brian J. Haley, Charles Rovira, Albert Main, Rodger Zhang, Yan Barder, Sunny TI Retrospective testing and case series study of porcine delta coronavirus in US swine herds SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Porcihe deltacoronavirus; Swine enteric coronaviruses; Case series ID EPIDEMIC-DIARRHEA-VIRUS AB Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) was first reported in the United States (US) in February 2014. This was the second novel swine enteric coronavirus detected in the US since May 2013. In this study, we conducted retrospective testing of samples submitted to three veterinary diagnostic laboratories where qualifying biological samples were derived from previously submitted diagnostic case submissions from US commercial swine farms with a clinical history of enteric disease or from cases that had been previously tested for transmissible gastroenteritis virus, PEDV, or rotavirus. Overall, 2286 banked samples were tested from 27 States. Samples were collected in 3 separate years and in 17 different months. Test results revealed 4 positive samples, 3 collected in August 2013 and 1 collected in October 2013. In addition, a case series including 42 operations in 10 States was conducted through administration of a survey. Survey data collected included information on characteristics of swine operations that had experienced PDCoV clinical signs. Special emphasis was placed on obtaining descriptive estimates of biosecurity practices and disease status over time of each operation. Clinical signs of PDCoV were reported to be similar to those of PEDV. The average number of animals on each operation exhibiting clinical signs (morbidity) and the average number of case fatalities was greatest for suckling and weaned pigs. Average operation level weaned pig morbidity was greatest in the first week of the outbreak while average operation-level suckling pig case fatality was greatest in the second week of the outbreak. The survey included questions regarding biosecurity practices for visitors and operation employees; trucks, equipment and drivers; and feed sources. These questions attempted to identify a likely pathway of introduction of PDCoV onto the operations surveyed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McCluskey, Brian J.; Haley, Charles] APHIS, USDA, VS, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Rovira, Albert; Barder, Sunny] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Vet Diagnost Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Main, Rodger] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ames, IA USA. [Zhang, Yan] Ohio Dept Agr, Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Reynoldsburg, OH USA. RP McCluskey, BJ (reprint author), APHIS, USDA, VS, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM brian.j.mccluskey@aphis.usda.gov NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 EI 1873-1716 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 123 BP 185 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.10.018 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DE0HU UT WOS:000370306500022 PM 26603048 ER PT J AU Scott, A McCluskey, B Brown-Reid, M Grear, D Pitcher, P Ramos, G Spencer, D Singrey, A AF Scott, Aaron McCluskey, Brian Brown-Reid, Monica Grear, Dan Pitcher, Paul Ramos, Greg Spencer, Denise Singrey, Aaron TI Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus introduction into the United States: Root cause investigation SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Porcine epidemic diarrhea; Outbreak investigation; Flexible intermediate bulk container; Tote; Feed; Virus transmission; Epidemiology AB Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) was identified in the United States in the spring of 2013, and professionals from many parts of the U.S. swine industry responded rapidly to understand and control the newly emerging disease. In less than two months, the disease had spread to more than 200 herds in thirteen states. Experts from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) engaged in laboratory diagnostics, analytic support, epidemiology expertise, and data management to facilitate the effort. By 2014, a great deal had been learned about the disease; however, the question of how it entered the United States remained unanswered. In 2014, USDA formed an investigative group to address the question and leverage current knowledge with resources and partnerships not readily available to non-federal investigators. The group formed collaborations with other government and non-government organizations and individuals, and followed many avenues of inquiry; ultimately arriving at a small number of scenarios that describe possible mechanisms for FED introduction. For a scenario to be plausible, it had to explain: contamination of a person or product in the source country, its transit and entry to the United States, rapid dispersal across a wide geographic area, and exposure/infection of pigs. It had to be compatible with findings of swine herd investigations and research studies. Potential products had to have been imported legally during the time prior to the beginning of the epidemic, or delivered to the United States through prohibited channels. Follow-up studies were initiated to gather more evidence for the most plausible scenarios. Of the scenarios, flexible intermediate bulk containers ("feed totes") used to transport bulk feed serving as fomites for movement of PED virus provided the simplest explanation for the accumulated findings of the investigation. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Scott, Aaron; McCluskey, Brian; Brown-Reid, Monica; Grear, Dan; Pitcher, Paul; Ramos, Greg; Spencer, Denise; Singrey, Aaron] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, 2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Scott, A (reprint author), 2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM aaronescott@aphis.usda.gov OI Grear, Daniel/0000-0002-5478-1549 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 EI 1873-1716 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 123 BP 192 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.11.013 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DE0HU UT WOS:000370306500023 PM 26711302 ER PT J AU Jensen, AJ Zydlewski, GB Barker, S Pietrak, M AF Jensen, Alexander J. Zydlewski, Gayle B. Barker, Sarah Pietrak, Michael TI Sea Lice Infestations of a Wild Fish Assemblage in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TROUT SALMO-TRUTTA; STICKLEBACK GASTEROSTEUS-ACULEATUS; CALIGUS-ELONGATUS NORDMANN; COASTAL BRITISH-COLUMBIA; LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS; THREESPINE STICKLEBACKS; MACROTIDAL ESTUARY; COPEPODA CALIGIDAE; COBSCOOK BAY; SALAR L. AB Little research on wild fish and sea lice interactions has occurred in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, particularly for the sea lice species Caligus elongatus. This project quantified infestations of sea lice on wild fishes of Cobscook Bay, Maine. Field examinations of 6,334 fish during March-November 2012 were used to determine host species and infestation prevalence. Of these, 253 fish were examined under magnification to identify sea lice genus, infestation intensity, sea lice life cycle stages, and attachment locations of chalimus stages. We used DNA sequencing on 175 (34%) individual lice to confirm sea lice species. Caligus elongatus was the only observed sea lice species and was found on 10 fish species, including eight newly identified hosts. Nonmotile chalimus were the predominant life stages observed, accounting for 95.87% of sea lice, and were predominantly attached to hosts' fins. Overall infestation prevalence and intensity among all sampled fish were low-less than 5% and just one sea louse per fish, respectively. Among the three most common host species, Threespine Sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus had the highest infestation prevalence and intensity. These results are the first reported data for sea lice presence on a wild fish assemblage in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. Furthermore, the identification of new hosts for C. elongatus and the lack of observed infestations by the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis will be used to inform sea lice management efforts in aquaculture operations. C1 [Jensen, Alexander J.; Zydlewski, Gayle B.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Barker, Sarah] Univ Maine, Inst Aquaculture Res, 5735 Hitchner Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Barker, Sarah] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, 5735 Hitchner Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Pietrak, Michael] USDA ARS, Natl Cold Water Marine Aquaculture Ctr, 25 Salmon Farm Rd, Franklin, ME 04634 USA. RP Jensen, AJ (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM jensen.alex1502@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Energy through Ocean Renewable Power Company [DOE DE-FOA-000293]; Maine Sea Grant development funds [DV-12-08] FX Special thanks to J. McCleave, G. Staines, M. Altenritter, and B. Fleenor for their aid with fish sampling, to D. Noyes and B. Smith for help with fish processing and genetic analysis, and to I. Bricknell for use of laboratory facilities and equipment. Fish sampling was part of a larger project, led by J. Vieser and G. Zydlewski, and funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE DE-FOA-000293) through Ocean Renewable Power Company. Sea lice identification and laboratory-based procedures were possible through Maine Sea Grant development funds (DV-12-08) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Sea Grant Aquaculture Research Program. Fish sampling was conducted under the University of Maine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol A2010-03-01. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 1 BP 7 EP 16 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1091381 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DE0ZP UT WOS:000370355000002 ER PT J AU Landress, CM AF Landress, Chad M. TI Fish Assemblage Associations with Floodplain Connectivity Following Restoration to Benefit an Endangered Catostomid SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID POPULATION REGULATION; HABITAT CONNECTIVITY; TEMPERATE FLOODPLAIN; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FATHEAD MINNOW; JUNE SUCKERS; GREAT-LAKES; RIVER; PATTERNS; RECRUITMENT AB The dynamics of stream and floodplain connectivity are a growing consideration for restoration projects. Restoration of a tributary stream to Utah Lake was undertaken in 2008 with the intent of increasing available spawning and nursery habitat for the endangered June Sucker Chasmistes liorus. Restoration efforts provided an opportunity to evaluate relationships between fish assemblages and variables related to the physiochemical environment, vegetation, and habitat connectivity at floodplain ponds. Fish were collected with beach seines and habitat variables were measured each month at 12 floodplain ponds during March 2010 to March 2011. Total catch was predominated by nonnative species: Green Sunfish Lepomis cyanellus, Western Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis, Black Bullhead Ameiurus melas, Fathead Minnow Pimephales promelas, and Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus. Both indirect and direct gradient analyses indicated a significant correlation between fish assemblages and site connectivity. The percentage and type of macrophyte cover (e.g., emergent, submergent) also played a significant role in structuring fish assemblages. Species richness was generally higher at sites with intermediate to high connectivity than at sites with lower connectivity. Sites with lower connectivity were predominated by Green Sunfish, Mosquitofish, and Fathead Minnow. June Suckers were collected from sites with intermediate values of connectivity and vegetation. Observed patterns suggested connectivity structured initial fish assemblages and macrophyte colonization dynamics; subsequent interactions between local habitat (i.e., percent vegetation) and biotic factors (e.g., competition, predation, etc.) provided site-specific interactions and structure. The results of this study indicate connectivity dynamics should be an important consideration in stream and floodplain restoration efforts. C1 [Landress, Chad M.] Utah Div Wildlife Resources, 1115 North Main St, Springville, UT 84663 USA. [Landress, Chad M.] US Forest Serv, Monongahela Natl Forest, POB 67, Bartow, WV 24920 USA. RP Landress, CM (reprint author), Utah Div Wildlife Resources, 1115 North Main St, Springville, UT 84663 USA.; Landress, CM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Monongahela Natl Forest, POB 67, Bartow, WV 24920 USA. EM chadmlandress@fs.fed.us FU June Sucker Recovery Implementation Program FX I am grateful for the extensive field assistance of David Tinsley, Mark Grover, and Jackie Watson. I also thank Mark Grover for comments provided during the development of this manuscript, as well as a helpful review. I give many thanks to numerous Utah Division of Wildlife Resources personnel for field assistance. The June Sucker Recovery Implementation Program provided financial support for this project. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the author, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, or the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 1 BP 83 EP 93 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1105869 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DE0ZP UT WOS:000370355000008 ER PT J AU Zhang, HY Rutherford, ES Mason, DM Breck, JT Wittmann, ME Cooke, RM Lodge, DM Rothlisberger, JD Zhu, XH Johnson, TB AF Zhang, Hongyan Rutherford, Edward S. Mason, Doran M. Breck, Jason T. Wittmann, Marion E. Cooke, Roger M. Lodge, David M. Rothlisberger, John D. Zhu, Xinhua Johnson, Timothy B. TI Forecasting the Impacts of Silver and Bighead Carp on the Lake Erie Food Web SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; ASIAN CARP; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; ILLINOIS RIVER; HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS-MOLITRIX; HABITAT SELECTION; INVASION HISTORY; EXPERT JUDGMENT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; FISH COMMUNITY AB Nonindigenous bigheaded carps (Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Silver Carp H. molitrix; hereafter, "Asian carps" [AC]) threaten to invade and disrupt food webs and fisheries in the Laurentian Great Lakes through their high consumption of plankton. To quantify the potential effects of AC on the food web in Lake Erie, we developed an Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) food web model and simulated four AC diet composition scenarios (high, low, and no detritus and low detritus with Walleye Sander vitreus and Yellow Perch Perca flavescens larvae) and two nutrient load scenarios (the 1999 baseline load and 2X the baseline [HP]). We quantified the uncertainty of the potential AC effects by coupling the EwE model with estimates of parameter uncertainty in AC production, consumption, and predator diets obtained using structured expert judgment. Our model projected mean +/- SD AC equilibrium biomass ranging from 52 +/- 34 to 104 +/- 75 kg/ha under the different scenarios. Relative to baseline simulations without AC, AC invasion under all detrital diet scenarios decreased the biomass of most fish and zooplankton groups. The effects of AC in the HP scenario were similar to those in the detrital diet scenarios except that the biomasses of most Walleye and Yellow Perch groups were greater under HP because these fishes were buffered from competition with AC by increased productivity at lower trophic levels. Asian carp predation on Walleye and Yellow Perch larvae caused biomass declines among all Walleye and Yellow Perch groups. Large food web impacts of AC occurred in only 2% of the simulations, where AC biomass exceeded 200 kg/ha, resulting in biomass declines of zooplankton and planktivorous fish near the levels observed in the Illinois River. Our findings suggest that AC would affect Lake Erie's food web by competing with other planktivorous fishes and by providing additional prey for piscivores. Our methods provide a novel approach for including uncertainty into forecasts of invasive species' impacts on aquatic food webs. C1 [Zhang, Hongyan] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, 4840 South State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Rutherford, Edward S.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 South State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Breck, Jason T.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Comp Sci, 1210 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Wittmann, Marion E.; Lodge, David M.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, POB 369, Notre Dame, IN 46656 USA. [Wittmann, Marion E.; Lodge, David M.] Univ Notre Dame, Environm Change Initiat, POB 369, Notre Dame, IN 46656 USA. [Wittmann, Marion E.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, 1664 North Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Cooke, Roger M.] Resources Future Inc, 1616 P St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Cooke, Roger M.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Math, NL-2628 CN Delft, Netherlands. [Cooke, Roger M.] Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Rothlisberger, John D.] US Forest Serv, 626 East Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. [Zhu, Xinhua] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, 501 Univ Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada. [Johnson, Timothy B.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Rural Route 4,41 Hatchery Lane, Picton, ON K0K 2T0, Canada. RP Zhang, HY (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, 4840 South State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. EM zhanghy@umich.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Great Lakes Restoration Initiative; NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research awards [NA09NOS4780192, NA10NOS4780218]; National Science Foundation CNIC award [1322540]; Canada-Ontario agreement Respecting the Great Lakes Basin Ecosystem FX We acknowledge financial support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research awards NA09NOS4780192 and NA10NOS4780218, and National Science Foundation CNIC award 1322540. We thank a select group of internal reviewers (Roy Stein, William Pine, Kenneth Rose, and Bryan Kinter) and three anonymous reviewers, all of whose comments substantially improved earlier drafts of the manuscript. We also appreciate access to data collected by Lake Erie monitoring agencies (EPA's Great Lakes National Program Office, Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Geological Survey, and Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources). We thank V. Christensen, S. Lai, and J. Steenbeek for model consultation. Initial development of the Lake Erie Ecopath model was done by coauthors X. Zhu and T. B. Johnson and supported by the Canada-Ontario agreement Respecting the Great Lakes Basin Ecosystem. This is NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory contribution 1788. NR 80 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 42 U2 89 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 1 BP 136 EP 162 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1069211 PG 27 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DE0ZP UT WOS:000370355000012 ER PT J AU Howell, PJ Colvin, ME Sankovich, PM Buchanan, DV Hemmingsen, AR AF Howell, Philip J. Colvin, Michael E. Sankovich, Paul M. Buchanan, David V. Hemmingsen, Alan R. TI Life Histories, Demography, and Distribution of a Fluvial Bull Trout Population SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SALVELINUS-CONFLUENTUS; MOVEMENT PATTERNS; CUTTHROAT TROUT; PROGRAM MARK; RIVER SYSTEM; HABITAT USE; SURVIVAL; MONTANA; OREGON; GROWTH AB To describe the life histories and demography of a fluvial population of Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus, we PIT-tagged and radio-tagged Bull Trout captured in Mill Creek, a tributary of the Walla Walla River (Washington-Oregon), during 1998-2009. Adult abundance declined 63% during 2006-2010, driven primarily by a 10-fold reduction in subadult-to-adult returns. Larger subadults and fall-winter emigrants survived at higher rates, but they were a small proportion of the subadult migrants. The survival rates of larger, generally older adults were also more than 40% greater than those of smaller adults. Changes in abundance influenced other characteristics of the population. For example, adult upstream movement into spawning areas during 1999-2005 peaked in late July, whereas the smaller runs observed during 2006-2010 peaked in early September, and the relationship between fish size and migration timing shifted. Unlike many adfluvial populations, more than 90% of the adults in Mill Creek spawned annually. Bull Trout that spawned in main-stem Mill Creek were primarily larger migratory adults; however, about 20% of the large adults were strictly or intermittently resident, remaining in the spawning area year-round. The downstream extent of individuals' migratory distributions varied greatly-from just downstream of the spawning area to the mouth of the Walla Walla River and potentially hundreds of kilometers into the Columbia River. Despite a large sample size of radio-tagged fish, radiotelemetry substantially underestimated the distribution and range that were evident from PIT tag detections. Life history terms such as "migratory," "resident," and "fluvial" and their associations with body size, movement, and distribution are useful for describing general patterns, but they fail to reflect the diversity and complexity within and among populations. For Bull Trout in Mill Creek, that life history diversity, including small, resident adult forms in the tributaries and a continuum of distribution for large adults, maximizes the use of available habitat and likely contributes to the population's persistence. C1 [Howell, Philip J.] US Forest Serv, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, 1401 Gekeler Lane, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Colvin, Michael E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sankovich, Paul M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, La Grande Field Off, 3502 Highway 30, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Buchanan, David V.; Hemmingsen, Alan R.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, 28655 Highway 34, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Colvin, Michael E.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Howell, PJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, 1401 Gekeler Lane, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. EM pjhowell@fs.fed.us FU Bonneville Power Administration; USFS; ODFW; USFWS FX Larry Boe (USFS) operated the downstream and upstream traps throughout the study and tracked the radio-tagged fish; Jason Shappart and Steve Starcevich (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife [ODFW]) assisted with radio-tagging; Lisa Sommerfield and Lisa Borgerson (ODFW) read the scale samples; Don Anglin, Darren Gallion, Marshall Barrows, Ryan Koch, and Courtney Newlon (USFWS) collaborated on the later PIT-tagging portions of the study and constructed, installed, and maintained most of the PIT tag detection arrays; James Peterson (USGS, Oregon Cooperative Fishery Research Unit) helped with initial analyses in Program MARK; and Teri Moore and Steve Jacobs (ODFW) organized the trap data into an Access database that facilitated analysis. We thank Tracy Bowerman, Robert Al-Chokhachy, and four anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on the manuscript. Funding was provided by the Bonneville Power Administration, USFS, ODFW, and USFWS. NR 72 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 1 BP 173 EP 194 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1105870 PG 22 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DE0ZP UT WOS:000370355000014 ER PT J AU Solis, MA Metz, MA AF Solis, M. Alma Metz, Mark A. TI An illustrated guide to the identification of the known species of Diatraea Guilding (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Crambinae) based on genitalia SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Diatraea; sugarcane moths; Poaceae; biofuels; genitalia AB The genus Diatraea Guilding is one of the most economically important groups of moths in the Western Hemisphere. The larvae are stem borers that feed on species of Poaceae, or grasses, such as sugarcane, corn, rice, and sorghum, as well as many other native grasses. Interest in this group has risen considerably since sugarcane and other grasses have been utilized and/or investigated as biofuels. This is the first modern study to treat all 41 valid described species. Most type specimens were examined and we provide a checklist with 19 new synonyms. We provide keys for the identification of most species in this genus based on morphology of the male and female genitalia and modern illustrations of male and female genitalia. We also provide an updated table of species distribution by country. C1 [Solis, M. Alma; Metz, Mark A.] Smithsonian Inst, USDA, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,Natl, E 517,MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Solis, MA; Metz, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, USDA, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,Natl, E 517,MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM alma.solis@ars.usda.gov; mark.metz@ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 565 BP 73 EP 121 DI 10.3897/zookeys.565.6797 PG 49 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DE0TQ UT WOS:000370338200003 PM 27081337 ER PT J AU Dashti, HS Aslibekyan, S Scheer, FAJL Smith, CE Lamon-Fava, S Jacques, P Lai, CQ Tucker, KL Arnett, DK Ordovas, JM AF Dashti, Hassan S. Aslibekyan, Stella Scheer, Frank A. J. L. Smith, Caren E. Lamon-Fava, Stefania Jacques, Paul Lai, Chao-Qiang Tucker, Katherine L. Arnett, Donna K. Ordovas, Jose M. TI Clock Genes Explain a Large Proportion of Phenotypic Variance in Systolic Blood Pressure and This Control Is Not Modified by Environmental Temperature SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; circadian clocks; circadian rhythm; clock genes; environmental temperature; hypertension ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ESSENTIAL-HYPERTENSION; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; DIET NETWORK; SHIFT WORK; SYSTEM; IMPACT; COLD AB BACKGROUND Diurnal variation in blood pressure (BP) is regulated, in part, by an endogenous circadian clock; however, few human studies have identified associations between clock genes and BP. Accounting for environmental temperature may be necessary to correct for seasonal bias. METHODS We examined whether environmental temperature on the day of participants' assessment was associated with BP, using adjusted linear regression models in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) (n = 819) and the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) (n = 1,248) cohorts. We estimated phenotypic variance in BP by 18 clock genes and examined individual single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations with BP using an additive genetic model, with further consideration of environmental temperature. RESULTS In GOLDN, each additional 1 degrees C increase in environmental temperature was associated with 0.18 mm Hg lower systolic BP [SBP; beta +/- SE = -0.18 +/- 0.05 mm Hg; P = 0.0001] and 0.10 mm Hg lower diastolic BP [DBP; -0.10 +/- 0.03 mm Hg; P = 0.001]. Similar results were seen in the BPRHS for SBP only. Clock genes explained a statistically significant proportion of the variance in SBP [V-G/V-P +/- SE = 0.071 +/- 0.03; P = 0.001] in GOLDN, but not in the BPRHS, and we did not observe associations between individual SNPs and BP. Environmental temperature did not influence the identified genetic associations. CONCLUSIONS We identified clock genes that explained a statistically significant proportion of the phenotypic variance in SBP, supporting the importance of the circadian pathway underlying cardiac physiology. Although temperature was associated with BP, it did not affect results with genetic markers in either study. Therefore, it does not appear that temperature measures are necessary for interpreting associations between clock genes and BP. C1 [Dashti, Hassan S.; Smith, Caren E.; Lai, Chao-Qiang; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Aslibekyan, Stella; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Scheer, Frank A. J. L.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Sleep & Circadian Disorders, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Scheer, Frank A. J. L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Sleep Med, Boston, MA USA. [Lamon-Fava, Stefania] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Jacques, Paul] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Epidemiol Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Univ Massachusetts, Lowell, MA USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] CNIC, Dept Epidemiol, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Inst Madrileno Estudios Avanzados Alimentac IMDEA, Madrid, Spain. RP Dashti, HS (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM hassan.dashti@tufts.edu OI Dashti, Hassan S/0000-0002-1650-679X FU NIH National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [U01HL072524-04]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK075030]; US Department of Agriculture Research [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001]; National Institutes of Health [P01 AG023394, P50 HL105185]; NHLBI [R01 HL094806]; [K08 HL112845] FX We thank the staff of the GOLDN study for the assistance in data collection and management and Jin Sha for support. The work on the GOLDN study has been funded by the NIH National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) (grant U01HL072524-04), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, (grant DK075030), and by contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research. The Boston Puerto Rican Health Study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grants P01 AG023394 and P50 HL105185). C.E.S. was supported by K08 HL112845. F.A.J.L.S. was supported in part by NHLBI (R01 HL094806). NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0895-7061 EI 1941-7225 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 29 IS 1 BP 132 EP 140 DI 10.1093/ajh/hpv082 PG 9 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DD5WV UT WOS:000369996400019 PM 26045533 ER PT J AU Niu, M Appuhamy, JADRN Leytem, AB Dungan, RS Kebreab, E AF Niu, M. Appuhamy, J. A. D. R. N. Leytem, A. B. Dungan, R. S. Kebreab, E. TI Effect of dietary crude protein and forage contents on enteric methane emissions and nitrogen excretion from dairy cows simultaneously SO ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Greenhouse Gas and Animal Agriculture Conference (GGAA2016) CY FEB 14-18, 2016 CL Melbourna, AUSTRALIA DE lactating dairy cow ID MILK-PRODUCTION; RUMEN FERMENTATION; FEED-INTAKE; LACTATION PERFORMANCE; RUMINAL FERMENTATION; COCONUT OIL; N EXCRETION; CATTLE; ACID; METABOLISM AB The study aimed to examine, simultaneously, the effects of changing dietary forage and crude protein (CP) contents on enteric methane (CH4) emissions and nitrogen (N) excretion from lactating dairy cows. Twelve post-peak lactating Holstein cows (157 +/- 31 days postpartum; mean +/- s.d.) were randomly assigned to four treatments from a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of two dietary forage levels [37.4% (LF) vs 53.3% (HF) of DM] and two dietary CP levels [15.2% (LP) vs 18.5% (HP) of DM] in a 4 x 4 Latin square design with four 18-day periods. Alfalfa hay was the sole source of dietary forage. Cows were fed ad libitum and milked twice daily. During the first 14 days, cows were housed in a free-stall barn, where enteric CH4 emissions were measured using the GreenFeed system from Days 8 to 14 in each period. Cows were then moved to metabolic cages, where faeces and urine output (kg/cow.day) were measured by total collection from Days 16 to 18 of each period. No dietary forage by CP interactions were detected for DM intake, milk production, enteric CH4 emissions, or N excretions. There was a tendency for DM intake to increase 0.6 kg/day in cows fed LF (P = 0.06). Milk production increased 2.1 kg/day in LF compared with HF (P < 0.01). Milk fat content decreased in cows fed LF compared with HF (1.07 vs 1.17 kg/day; P < 0.01). Milk contents of true protein, lactose and solid non-fat were greater in cows fed LF (P < 0.01). No difference in DM intake, milk yield and milk contents of true protein, lactose and solid non-fat was found between cows fed HP or LP. However, milk fat content increased 0.16 kg/day in cows fed HP (P < 0.05). Enteric CH4 emissions, and CH4 per unit of DM intake, energy-corrected milk, total digested organic matter and neutral detergent fibre were not affected by dietary CP, but decreased by LF compared with HF (P < 0.01). Milk true protein N was not affected by dietary CP content but was higher for LF compared with HF. Dietary N partitioned to milk true protein was greater in cows fed LF compared with HF (29.4% vs 26.7%; P < 0.01), also greater in cows fed LP compared with HP (30.8% vs 25.2%; P < 0.01). Dietary N partitioned to urinary N excretion was greater in cows fed HP compared with LP (39.5% vs 29.6%; P < 0.01) but was not affected by dietary CP content. Dietary N partitioned to faeces was not affected by dietary CP but increased in cows fed LP compared with HP (34.2% vs 27.8%; P < 0.01). Total N excretion (urinary plus faecal) as proportion to N intake did not differ between HP and LP, but tended to be lower in cows fed LF compared with the HF diet (64.2% vs 67.9%; P = 0.09). Both milk urea N (P < 0.01) and blood urea N (P < 0.01) declined with decreasing dietary CP or forage contents. Based on purine derivative analysis, there was a tendency for interaction between dietary CP and forage content on microbial protein synthesis (P < 0.09). Rumen microbial protein synthesis tended to be lower for high forage and low protein treatments. Increasing dietary forage contents resulted in greater CH4 emission (g/kg of energy-corrected milk) and manure N excretion (g/kg of energy-corrected milk) intensities of lactating dairy cows. Cows receiving reduced CP diets had low manure N outputs and improved milk true protein production efficiencies, regardless of dietary forage content. C1 [Niu, M.; Appuhamy, J. A. D. R. N.; Kebreab, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Leytem, A. B.; Dungan, R. S.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Niu, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mniu@ucdavis.edu RI Kebreab, Ermias/E-9113-2012 OI Kebreab, Ermias/0000-0002-0833-1352 FU USDA-ARS North-west Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory (Kimberly, ID) FX This research was funded through a cooperative agreement with USDA-ARS North-west Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory (Kimberly, ID). The authors also acknowledge the assistance of James Fadel, Edward DePeters, Tekeste Tewoldebrhan, Jasmin Grey, Anna Naranjo, Diogo Albuquerque, Doug Gisi, and Sharlie Folsom (University of California-Davis, Davis, CA). NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 22 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-0939 EI 1836-5787 J9 ANIM PROD SCI JI Anim. Prod. Sci. PY 2016 VL 56 IS 2-3 BP 312 EP 321 DI 10.1071/AN15498 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA DD6UM UT WOS:000370060000021 ER PT J AU Powell, JM Vadas, PA AF Powell, J. M. Vadas, P. A. TI Gas emissions from dairy barnyards SO ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Greenhouse Gas and Animal Agriculture Conference (GGAA2016) CY FEB 14-18, 2016 CL Melbourna, AUSTRALIA DE corralling; GHG; manure ID AMMONIA EMISSIONS; FARMS; MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN AB Dairy cattle spend considerable time in outside barnyards. Nine barnyards were constructed to examine impacts of surface materials (bark, sand, soil) and timing of cattle corralling (before and after 3-14-day corralling periods) on fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O) and CO2 equivalents (CO(2)eq). Surface, year, and surface*year interactions accounted for 64%, 6% and 16% of CO2 flux variability. Average CO2 flux from bark (2552 mg/m(2).h) was 3.1-3.9 times greater than from sand or soil, especially after bark replenishment. Timing, year, timing*year and surface*year accounted for 40%, 17%, 14%, and 17% of CH4 variability. Average CH4 flux after corralling (10.6 mg/m(2).h) was 3.8 times greater than before corralling, and 5.2 times greater the year following bark replenishment. Timing accounted for 67% of NH3 variability. After corralling, NH3 fluxes (1622 mu g/m(2).h) were 95 times greater than before corralling. Timing, surface, surface*timing and timing*year accounted for 33%, 10%, 24% and 13% of N2O variability. Average N2O flux after corralling (2252 mu g/m(2).h) was 3.7 times greater than before corralling. Surface and surface*year accounted for 71% and 16% of CO(2)eq variability. Average CO(2)eq flux from bark (3188 mg/m(2).h) was 2.5-3.0 times greater than sand or soil. Greatest CO(2)eq flux occurred the year after bark replenishment. Tradeoffs between gas emissions, nutrient runoff and leaching, and cow comfort and health need to be assessed more fully before recommending beneficial practices for barnyard surface type and management. C1 [Powell, J. M.; Vadas, P. A.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Powell, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mark.powell@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture [2013-68002-20525] FX We much appreciate the assistance of Ms Kristine Niemann and Mr James Richmond during the construction and maintenance of the experimental barnyards, and also to Ms Niemann and Ms Alicia Pelletier for gas sampling, sample processing and data analyses. This study was partially funded through the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture-supported projects, Dairy Coordinated Agricultural Project: Climate Change, Mitigation, and Adaptation in Dairy Production Systems of the Great Lakes Region (Award No. 2013-68002-20525). NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-0939 EI 1836-5787 J9 ANIM PROD SCI JI Anim. Prod. Sci. PY 2016 VL 56 IS 2-3 BP 355 EP 361 DI 10.1071/AN15598 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA DD6UM UT WOS:000370060000027 ER PT J AU McGown, KI O'Hara, KL Youngblood, A AF McGown, Kathryn I. O'Hara, Kevin L. Youngblood, Andrew TI Patterns of size variation over time in ponderosa pine stands established at different initial densities SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE spacing study; size variation; Pinus ponderosa; Gini coefficient; growth dominance ID PLANT-POPULATIONS; GROWTH DOMINANCE; FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ASYMMETRIC COMPETITION; MONOCULTURES; INEQUALITY; SKEWNESS; VARIABILITY; DYNAMICS; PLANTATIONS AB We used six metrics of size and growth variation (standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), skewness coefficient (S), Gini coefficient (G), Lorenz asymmetry coefficient (LAC), and growth dominance coefficient (GD)) to describe changes in two long-term ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P. Lawson & C. Lawson) initial spacing trials in Oregon and Washington, USA. Trends were examined over a 35-year time period and across a range of initial stand densities (from 154 to 2470 trees.ha(-1)) for four measures of tree size: diameter at breast height (dbh, 1.37 m), basal area (BA), height, and volume. Unlike many previous studies of size variation in monospecific stands, our results suggest that variation declined or remained relatively stable for all treatments at both study areas. This suggests that these stands are experiencing size symmetric competition for belowground resources. We found that a combination of metrics is necessary to provide a complete picture of size variability and differentiation in developing stands. We recommend using the CV or G, as there were clear trends with increasing density for all size variables. If the objective of the assessment was to track changes in absolute size within an individual stand, we would recommend using the SD, as there were consistent trends with time for all size variables. S, LAC, and GD may be less suited for comparing differentiation during the early stages of stand development because of a lack of clear trends with stand density and time. C1 [McGown, Kathryn I.; O'Hara, Kevin L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Youngblood, Andrew] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. RP McGown, KI (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mcgownk@gmail.com NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 15 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 46 IS 1 BP 101 EP 113 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2015-0096 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DD6QQ UT WOS:000370049100010 ER PT J AU Chang, CH Szlavecz, K Filley, T Buyer, JS Bernard, MJ Pitz, SL AF Chang, Chih-Han Szlavecz, Katalin Filley, Timothy Buyer, Jeffrey S. Bernard, Michael J. Pitz, Scott L. TI Belowground competition among invading detritivores SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amynthas hilgendorfi; C-13 and N-15 labeling; earthworm; Eisenoides lonnbergi; functional group; interspecific competition; invasive species; Lumbricus rubellus; Octolasion lacteum; stable isotope; temperate deciduous forest ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; LUMBRICUS-RUBELLUS; EARTHWORM INVASIONS; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; TEMPERATE FOREST; SOIL BIOTA; DIVERSITY; FOOD; COMMUNITIES; NICHE AB The factors regulating soil animal communities are poorly understood. Current theory favors niche complementarity and facilitation over competition as the primary forms of non-trophic interspecific interaction in soil fauna; however, competition has frequently been suggested as an important community-structuring factor in earthworms, ecosystem engineers that influence belowground processes. To date, direct evidence of competition in earthworms is lacking due to the difficulty inherent in identifying a limiting resource for saprophagous animals. In the present study, we offer the first direct evidence of interspecific competition for food in this dominant soil detritivore group by combining field observations with laboratory mesocosm experiments using C-13 and N-15 double-enriched leaf litter to track consumption patterns. In our experiments, the Asian invasive species Amynthas hilgendorfi was a dominant competitor for leaf litter against two European species currently invading the temperate deciduous forests in North America. This competitive advantage may account for recent invasion success of A. hilgendorfi in forests with established populations of European species, and we hypothesize that specific phenological differences play an important role in determining the outcome of the belowground competition. In contrast, Eisenoides lonnbergi, a common native species in the Eastern United States, occupied a unique trophic position with limited interactions with other species, which may contribute to its persistence in habitats dominated by invasive species. Furthermore, our results supported neither the hypothesis that facilitation occurs between species of different functional groups nor the hypothesis that species in the same group exhibit functional equivalency in C and N translocation in the soil. We propose that species identity is a more powerful approach to understand earthworm invasion and its impacts on belowground processes. C1 [Chang, Chih-Han; Szlavecz, Katalin; Bernard, Michael J.; Pitz, Scott L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. [Filley, Timothy] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Buyer, Jeffrey S.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pitz, Scott L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Bernard, Michael J.] Marine Biol Lab, Ecosyst Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Chang, CH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. EM yuanpau@gmail.com OI Buyer, Jeffrey/0000-0003-2098-0547 FU EPS Field Funds; National Science Foundation [EEC-0540832, ACI 1244820, EAR-0748574]; Microsoft Research FX We appreciate two anonymous reviewers for their insightful and constructive comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We are also grateful to Jay O'Neill, Stanley Tesch, Mac A. Callaham Jr., Pavlo Bohutskyi, Alan Stone, and Chuan-Chin Huang for their suggestions or logistical help, and to the people who helped in the field and during the lab experiments, especially Ziwei He, Kelly Baker, Zachary Ferguson, Adam Dec, and Jia-Hsing Wu. Funding for this study was partially provided by the EPS Field Funds, the National Science Foundation (EEC-0540832, ACI 1244820, and EAR-0748574), and Microsoft Research. NR 63 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 9 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 97 IS 1 BP 160 EP 170 DI 10.1890/15-0551.1 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DD3VZ UT WOS:000369852600018 PM 27008785 ER PT J AU Dalgleish, HJ Nelson, CD Scrivani, JA Jacobs, DF AF Dalgleish, Harmony J. Nelson, C. Dana Scrivani, John A. Jacobs, Douglass F. TI Consequences of Shifts in Abundance and Distribution of American Chestnut for Restoration of a Foundation Forest Tree SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Castanea dentata; chestnut blight; FIA; forest inventory and analysis; tree distribution ID CASTANEA-DENTATA SEEDLINGS; MARSH BORKH; BLIGHT; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; POPULATIONS; PATHOGEN; FAGACEAE; ECOLOGY; HISTORY; LIGHT AB Restoration of foundation species, such as the American chestnut (Castanea dentata) that was devastated by an introduced fungus, can restore ecosystem function. Understanding both the current distribution as well as biogeographic patterns is important for restoration planning. We used United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data to quantify the current density and distribution of C. dentata. We then review the literature concerning biogeographic patterns in C. dentata. Currently, 431 +/- 30.2 million stems remain. The vast majority (360 +/- 22 million) are sprouts <2.5 cm dbh. Although this number is approximately 10% of the estimated pre-blight population, blight has caused a major shift in the size structure. The current-day population has a larger range, particularly west and north, likely due to human translocation. While climate change could facilitate northward expansion, limited seed reproduction makes this unlikely without assisted migration. Previous research demonstrates that the current, smaller population contains slightly higher genetic diversity than expected, although little information exists on biogeographic patterns in the genetics of adaptive traits. Our research provides a baseline characterization of the contemporary population of C. dentata, to enable monitoring stem densities and range limits to support restoration efforts. C1 [Dalgleish, Harmony J.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Biol, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. [Nelson, C. Dana] US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. [Nelson, C. Dana] Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Scrivani, John A.] Virginia Informat Technol Agcy, Chester, VA 23836 USA. [Jacobs, Douglass F.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47901 USA. RP Jacobs, DF (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47901 USA. EM hjdalgleish@wm.edu; dananelson@fs.fed.us; jscrivani@gmail.com; djacobs@purdue.edu FU Forest Health Initiative; United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [105321] FX The authors appreciate the input and support of the Forest Health Initiative in development of this paper. This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture under Grant #105321. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 28 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD JAN PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 AR 4 DI 10.3390/f7010004 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DC8TU UT WOS:000369493400009 ER PT J AU Levi, A Coffey, J Massey, L Guner, N Oren, E Tadmor, Y Ling, KS AF Levi, Amnon Coffey, John Massey, Laura Guner, Nihat Oren, Elad Tadmor, Yaakov Ling, Kai-shu TI Resistance to Papaya ringspot virus-Watermelon Strain (PRSV-W) in the Desert Watermelon Citrullus colocynthis SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE potyvirus; germplasm evaluation; cucurbit; disease; phenotyping; ELISA ID YELLOW-MOSAIC-VIRUS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; GERM PLASM; ACCESSIONS; GERMPLASM AB The bitter desert watermelon, Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad is a wild species valuable for biotic and abiotic stress resistance that could be exploited for improving watermelon cultivars [Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsum & Nakai var. lanatus]. The objective of this study was to survey and identify C. colocynthis accessions displaying resistance to the Papaya ringspot virus-watermelon strain (PRSV-W). Thirty-one accessions of C. colocynthis, collected in Africa, the Middle East, southwest Asia, and India were evaluated for PRSV-W resistance. Of these 31 accessions, 4 U.S. Plant Introduction (PI) accessions, including 525080 (collected in Qena, Egypt) and PI 537277, PI 652554, and Griffin 14201 (collected at the northern Indian desert of Rajasthan and the neighboring region of Punjab, Pakistan) showed high resistance to PRSV-W. Plants of these four resistant PIs were self-pollinated to produce S1 and S2 seeds that continued to maintain the high levels of PRSV resistance. Since there is a wide genetic distance between watermelon cultivars and C. colocynthis, we performed crosses and backcrosses with watermelon cultivars, including 'Charleston Gray' and 'Sugar Baby' to produce viable seed that would be useful in the development of genetic populations and in introducing the resistance into watermelon cultivars. C1 [Levi, Amnon; Coffey, John; Massey, Laura; Ling, Kai-shu] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Guner, Nihat] Sakata Seed Amer, 20900 FL-82, Ft Myers, FL 33913 USA. [Oren, Elad; Tadmor, Yaakov] Agr Res Org, Newe Yaar Res Ctr, POB 1021, IL-30095 Ramat Yishai, Israel. RP Levi, A (reprint author), ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM amnon.levi@ars.usda.gov; kai.ling@ars.usda.gov FU USA National Watermelon Association FX We thank the USA National Watermelon Association for their support of this research project. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 4 EP 7 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DD7OP UT WOS:000370114300001 ER PT J AU Zhang, HY Fan, JG Guo, SG Ren, Y Gong, GY Zhang, J Weng, YQ Davis, A Xu, Y AF Zhang, Haiying Fan, Jianguang Guo, Shaogui Ren, Yi Gong, Guoyi Zhang, Jie Weng, Yiqun Davis, Angela Xu, Yong TI Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Formation of a Core Collection of 1197 Citrullus Accessions SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Citrullus; genetic diversity; population structure; core set; molecular markers ID SSR MARKERS; WATERMELON CULTIVARS; LANATUS LANDRACES; GENOME; MELON; MAP AB Watermelon belongs to the genus Citrullus. There have been continuing interests in breeding of watermelon for economic benefits, but information on the scope and utilization of genetic variations in Citrullus is still limited. The present study was conducted in 2012-13, to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure of the 1197 line watermelon collection maintained by the Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), which belongs to seven Citrullus species including Citrullus naudinianus, Citrullus colocynthis, Citrullus rehmii, Citrullus ecirrhosus, Citrullus amarus, Citrullus mucosospermus, and Cirullus lanatus subsp. vulgaris. Twenty-three highly informative microsatellite markers evenly distributed in the watermelon genome were used to assess genetic diversity in this collection. The markers detected on an average of 6.05 alleles per locus with the average value of polymorphism information content (PIC) at 0.49. A high level of gene diversity [Nei's gene diversity index (Nei) = 0.56] and a low observed heterozygosity (H-o = 0.10) were revealed within the collection. Structure analysis grouped the 1197 accessions into two main populations (Pop I and Pop II) and an admixture group. Pop I contained 450 accessions from C. lanatus subsp. vulgaris (446) and C. mucosospermus (4). Pop II comprised 465 accessions, 379 of which belonged to C. lanatus subsp. vulgaris and 86 to C. naudinianus (3), C. ecirrhosus (2), C rehmii (2), C. colocynthis (11), C. amarus (58), and C. mucosospermus (10). The remaining 282 accessions were classified as an admixture group. The two main populations were further subdivided into four subgroups. The groupings were consistent with the estimation of F statistics (F-st) and Nei's genetic distances in collections. We confirmed the distinct genetic backgrounds between American and East Asian ecotypes. Subsequently, we defined a core set consisting of 130 accessions including 47 from Pop I, 68 from Pop II, and 15 from the Admixture group. This core set was able to capture all 133 alleles detected by 23 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in 1197 accessions. These results will facilitate efficient use of genetic variations in Citrullus in watermelon breeding and help optimization of accessions in genomewide association studies. C1 [Xu, Yong] Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Beijing Vegetable Res Ctr, Natl Engn Res Ctr Vegetables, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Xu, Yong] Minist Agr, Beijing Key Lab Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops North, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China. [Weng, Yiqun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53719 USA. [Davis, Angela] HM CLAUSE, 9241 Mace Blvd, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Beijing Vegetable Res Ctr, Natl Engn Res Ctr Vegetables, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM xuyong@nercv.org FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [31171980, 31361140355, 31401893, 2013BAD01B04]; Ministry of Agriculture of China (CARS-26); Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission, China [Z121105002512037, Z121105002612013]; Beijing Natural Science Foundation [6141001, 6144023]; Beijing Excellent Talents Programme [2014000021223TD03, 2013D002020000003] FX This study was supported by funds from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (31171980, 31361140355, 31401893, and 2013BAD01B04); Ministry of Agriculture of China (CARS-26); Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission, China (Z121105002512037, Z121105002612013); Beijing Natural Science Foundation (6141001, 6144023); and Beijing Excellent Talents Programme (2014000021223TD03, 2013D002020000003). NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 23 EP 29 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DD7OP UT WOS:000370114300004 ER PT J AU Dixon, EK Strik, BC Bryla, DR AF Dixon, Emily K. Strik, Bernadine C. Bryla, David R. TI Weed Management, Training, and Irrigation Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry: II. Soil and Aboveground Plant Nutrient Concentrations SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE drip irrigation; landscape fabric; weed mat; Rubus; organic fertilizer; tissue nutrient status ID THORNLESS BLACKBERRY; PRODUCTION SYSTEM; SEASONAL-CHANGES; FRUIT PRODUCTION; NITROGEN UPTAKE; QUALITY; GROWTH; YIELD; ESTABLISHMENT; RATIO AB Organic production of blackberries is increasing, but there is relatively little known about how production practices affect plant and soil nutrient status. The impact of cultivar (Black Diamond and Marion), weed management (nonweeded, hand-weeded, and weed mat), primocane training time (August and February), and irrigation (throughout the summer and none postharvest) on plant nutrient status and soil pH, organic matter, and nutrients was evaluated from Oct. 2012 to Dec. 2014 in a mature trailing blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) production system. The study site was certified organic and machine harvested for the processed market. The planting was irrigated by drip and fertigated with fish hydrolysate and fish emulsion fertilizer. Soil pH, organic matter content, and concentrations of soil nutrients, including ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn), were greater under weed mat than in hand-weeded plots. Soil K and boron (B) were below recommended standards during the study, despite a high content of K in the fish fertilizer and supplemental B applications. Primocane leaf nutrient concentrations were below the N, K, Ca, and Mg sufficiency standards in 'Black Diamond' and were lower than in 'Marion' for N, phosphorus (P), Ca, Mg, S, B, and Zn in at least one year. In contrast, floricane leaves and fruit tended to have higher nutrient concentrations in 'Black Diamond' than in 'Marion'. Weed management strategy affected many nutrients in the soil, leaves, and fruit. Often, use of weed mat led to the highest concentrations. Withholding irrigation postharvest had limited effects on plant nutrient concentrations. Primocane training time affected the nutrients in each plant part differently depending on year. C1 [Dixon, Emily K.; Strik, Bernadine C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 Agr & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crop Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Strik, BC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 Agr & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Bernadine.Strik@oregonstate.edu FU Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [OREI 2010-01940, ORE00409] FX We appreciate research funding support provided by the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Formula Grant no. OREI 2010-01940; ORE00409), our industry contributors, and the technical assistance provided by Gil Buller and Amanda Vance. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 36 EP 50 PG 15 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DD7OP UT WOS:000370114300006 ER PT J AU Dixon, EK Strik, BC Bryla, DR AF Dixon, Emily K. Strik, Bernadine C. Bryla, David R. TI Weed Management, Training, and Irrigation Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry: III. Accumulation and Removal of Aboveground Biomass, Carbon, and Nutrients SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE drip irrigation; landscape fabric; weed mat; Rubus; organic fertilizer ID RUBUS-IDAEUS L; RED RASPBERRY; FRUIT PRODUCTION; THORNLESS BLACKBERRY; SOIL APPLICATIONS; PRODUCTION SYSTEM; NITROGEN UPTAKE; PLANT-GROWTH; YIELD; ALLOCATION AB Relatively little is known about aboveground nutrient content of organic blackberry, and there is no published work on total carbon (C) content. Treatment effects on biomass, C, and nutrient content, accumulation, and removal were assessed over 2 years in a mature organic trailing blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubies, Watson) production system that was machine harvested for the processed market. Treatments included two irrigation options (no irrigation after harvest and continuous summer irrigation), three weed management strategies (weed mat, hand-weeded, and nonweeded), and two primocane training times (August and February) in two cultivars (Black Diamond and Marion). Floricanes comprised an average of 45% of the total aboveground plant dry biomass, while primocanes and fruit comprised 30% and 25%, respectively. Depending on the treatment, the total aboveground dry biomass accumulation over the course of the season was 5.0-6.5 t.ha(-1) per year, while C stock of the planting was an estimated 0.4-1.1 t.ha(-1) in late winter. Carbon accounted for approximate to 50% of the dry biomass of each aboveground plant part, including primocanes, floricanes, and fruit. Weed management had the largest impact on plant biomass and nutrient content. No weed control reduced aboveground dry biomass, the content of nutrients in the primocanes, floricanes, and fruit, and the annual accumulation of dry biomass and nutrients, whereas use of weed mat resulted in the most dry biomass and nutrient content. Nutrient accumulation was similar between the cultivars, although February-trained 'Marion' plants had a greater removal of most nutrients in 2014 than the year prior. The amount of nitrogen (N) removed in the fruit was 22, 18, and 12 kg.ha(-1) for weed mat, hand-weeded, and nonweeded plots, respectively, in 2013. In 2014, 'Marion' and 'Black Diamond' differed in N removed in harvested fruit when grown with weed mat at 18 and 24 kg.ha(-1), respectively, whereas there was no cultivar effect when plants were grown in hand weeded or nonweeded plots. Plots with weed mat tended to have the most nutrients removed through harvested fruit in both years. In 2014, N removal from August-trained 'Marion' was 5 kg.ha(-1) N less than the other training time and cultivar combinations. Plants that were irrigated throughout the summer accumulated more dry biomass, N, potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), boron (B), and copper in one or both years than those that received no irrigation after fruit harvest. The irrigation treatment had inconsistent effects on nutrient content of each individual plant part between the two years. Removal of nutrients was often higher than what was applied through fertilization, especially for N, K, and B, which would eventually lead to depletion of those nutrients in the planting. C1 [Dixon, Emily K.; Strik, Bernadine C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 Agr & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crop Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Strik, BC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 Agr & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM bernadine.strik@oregonstate.edu FU Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [OREI 2010-01940, ORE00409] FX We appreciate research funding support provided by the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Formula Grant no. OREI 2010-01940; ORE00409), our industry contributors, and the technical assistance provided by Gil Buller and Amanda Vance. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 51 EP 66 PG 16 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DD7OP UT WOS:000370114300007 ER PT J AU Steketee, CJ Martinez-Espinoza, AD Harris-Shultz, KR Henry, GM Raymer, PL AF Steketee, Clinton J. Martinez-Espinoza, Alfredo D. Harris-Shultz, Karen R. Henry, Gerald M. Raymer, Paul L. TI Effects of Genotype and Isolate on Expression of Dollar Spot in Seashore Paspalum SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE turfgrass; Sclerotinia homoeocarpa; Paspalum vaginatum; host plant resistance ID SCLEROTINIA-HOMOEOCARPA; CREEPING BENTGRASS; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY; AGROSTIS-STOLONIFERA; RESISTANCE; DISEASE; DIVERSITY; CULTIVARS; TURFGRASS; QTL AB Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) is a warm-season turfgrass species primarily used on golf courses and athletic fields, and is often impacted by the disease dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F.T. Bennett. Dollar spot is the most common and economically important turfgrass disease in North America, and current management of this disease relies heavily on frequent fungicide applications. An alternate management strategy is host plant resistance, but a better understanding of the interactions between pathogen isolates and the host species is needed to effectively incorporate this resistance into elite seashore paspalum genotypes. The goal of this study was to gather host plant/isolate response data that could be used to develop an effective and efficient screening protocol for resistance to this important disease. Five genotypes of seashore paspalum ('Aloha', 'SeaIsle 2000', 'SeaIsle 1', 'SeaIsle Supreme', and 05-1743) varying in dollar spot resistance were inoculated with five isolates of S. homoeocarpa in repeated field studies during 2012 and 2013. Isolates used were from three warm-season and one cool-season turfgrass species. Inoculated plots were evaluated visually and using digital image analysis (DIA) for disease development over time and for number and area of infection centers at two rating dates each year. Statistical differences among the seashore paspalum genotypes and inoculation/isolate treatments were detected for area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values, number of infection centers, and infection center area. A significant interaction between seashore paspalum genotype and S. homoeocarpa isolate effects was not observed, indicating that host plant resistance genes are likely not isolate specific. Using this information, breeders should be able to use one highly virulent S. homoeocarpa isolate to screen for host plant resistance in seashore paspalum. C1 [Steketee, Clinton J.] Univ Georgia, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Genom, 111 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Martinez-Espinoza, Alfredo D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Harris-Shultz, Karen R.] USDA ARS, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Henry, Gerald M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 3111 Miller Plant Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Raymer, Paul L.] Univ Georgia, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Genom, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Raymer, Paul L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Raymer, PL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Genom, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.; Raymer, PL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM praymer@uga.edu NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 13 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 67 EP 73 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DD7OP UT WOS:000370114300008 ER PT J AU Yeo, JR Weiland, JE Sullivan, DM Bryla, DR AF Yeo, John R. Weiland, Jerry E. Sullivan, Dan M. Bryla, David R. TI Susceptibility of Highbush Blueberry Cultivars to Phytophthora Root Rot SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Vaccinium coymbosum; Phytophthora cinnamomi; disease resistance; soilborne pathogen ID PYTHIUM INFECTION; CINNAMOMI; IRRIGATION; ZOOSPORES AB Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands is a ubiquitous soilborne pathogen associated with root rot in many woody perennial plant species, including highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). To identify genotypes with resistance to the pathogen, cultivars and advanced selections of highbush blueberry were grown in a greenhouse and either inoculated or not with propagules of P. cinnamomi. Two experiments were conducted, including one with 10 commercially established cultivars and another with seven newly released cultivars, three commercially established cultivars, and three advanced selections of highbush blueberry. Pathogen resistance was based on the shoot and root dry biomass of the inoculated plants relative to the noninoculated plants within each genotype, as well as on the percentage of root infection among the genotypes. Resistant genotypes included four commercially established cultivars, Aurora, Legacy, Liberty, and Reka, and two new cultivars, Overtime and Clockwork. When these genotypes were inoculated, average relative shoot biomass was >= 60% of that of the noninoculated plants, whereas relative root biomass was >= 40%. 'Star', as well as two advanced selections (an early- and a late-season type) may also have some degree of resistance, but further investigation is needed. Relative shoot biomass of the susceptible genotypes, on the other hand, ranged from 19% to 53% and relative root biomass ranged from 11% to 26%. The susceptible genotypes included 'Bluetta', 'Bluecrop', 'Bluegold', 'Blue Ribbon', 'Cargo', 'Draper', 'Duke', 'Elliott', 'Last Call', 'Top Shelf, and 'Ventura'. These cultivars are not recommended at sites with conditions conducive to root rot, such as those with clay soils and/or poor drainage. C1 [Yeo, John R.; Sullivan, Dan M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 3017 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Weiland, Jerry E.; Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 Northwest Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Weiland, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 Northwest Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM jerry.weiland@ars.usda.gov FU Oregon Blueberry Commission; Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation FX Financial support was provided by the Oregon Blueberry Commission, the Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation, and our industry contributors. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 74 EP 78 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DD7OP UT WOS:000370114300009 ER PT J AU Lee, J Mattheis, JP Rudell, DR AF Lee, Jinwook Mattheis, James P. Rudell, David R. TI Storage Temperature and 1-Methylcyclopropene Treatment Affect Storage Disorders and Physiological Attributes of 'Royal Gala' Apples SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Malus x domestica; diffuse flesh breakdown; radial stem-end flesh breakdown; shriveling; cracking; peeling ID CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE STORAGE; HONEYCRISP APPLES; EMPIRE APPLES; DELICIOUS APPLES; FRUIT-QUALITY; SOFT SCALD; FIRMNESS RETENTION; SUPERFICIAL SCALD; HARVEST MATURITY; SOGGY BREAKDOWN AB 'Royal Gala' apples [Maus domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.]can develop postharvest disorders such as flesh browning, senescent breakdown, peeling, cracking, or shriveling during and after cold storage. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of storage temperature and a range (0, 0.25, 0.5, or 1 mu L.L-1) of 1-methylcyclopropepe (1-MCP) concentrations on fruit quality attributes and incidence and severity of physiological disorders during and after cold storage. Storage temperature differentially affected internal ethylene concentration (IEC), fruit circumference, and cortex color. 1-MCP treatment resulted in significant effects on fruit quality attributes and severity of physiological disorders, regardless of storage temperature. Incidence and severity of diffuse flesh breakdown (DFB), shriveling, cracking, and peeling were highest in control fruit stored but radial stem-end flesh breakdown (RSFB) only primarily in 1-MCP treated fruit. Incidence of RSFB was highest following storage at 0.5 degrees C compared with 3 degrees C. 1-MCP treatment had the most influence on disorder incidence/severity or quality attributes, while treatment concentration of 1-MCP was not significant. Overall, the results indicate that 1-MCP treatment can reduce the incidence of 'Royal Gala' DFB but may enhance sensitivity to RSFB, when fruit are stored at 0.5 or 3 degrees C. Incidence of DFB and RSFB are influenced differentially by storage temperature or by 1-MCP treatment, respectively, indicating they may be different disorders. C1 [Lee, Jinwook; Mattheis, James P.; Rudell, David R.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Lee, Jinwook] Mokpo Natl Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Muan 58554, South Korea. RP Mattheis, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM james.mattheis@ars.usda.gov FU AgroFresh, Inc FX Financial support for this research was received from AgroFresh, Inc. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 14 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 84 EP 93 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DD7OP UT WOS:000370114300011 ER PT J AU Levi, A Harris-Shultz, KR Ling, KS AF Levi, Amnon Harris-Shultz, Karen R. Ling, Kai-shu TI USVL-370, a Zucchini yellow mosaic virus-resistant Watermelon Breeding Line SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Citrullus; potyvirus; disease resistance; DNA marker; eukaryotic elongation factor; genotyping; ELISA ID CITRULLUS-LANATUS; MARKERS; FLORIDA; TRAITS; GENOME C1 [Levi, Amnon; Ling, Kai-shu] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Harris-Shultz, Karen R.] ARS, USDA, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Levi, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM amnon.levi@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 107 EP 109 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DD7OP UT WOS:000370114300014 ER PT J AU Tang, T Li, W Sun, G AF Tang, T. Li, W. Sun, G. TI Impact of two different types of El Nino events on runoff over the conterminous United States SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; WATER-RESOURCES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CHANGING CLIMATE; PACIFIC RIM; PRECIPITATION; STREAMFLOW; ENSO; VARIABILITY; WINTER AB The responses of river runoff to shifts of largescale climatic patterns are of increasing concerns to water resource planners and managers for long-term climate change adaptation. El Nino, as one of the most dominant modes of climate variability, is closely linked to hydrologic extremes such as floods and droughts that cause great loss of lives and properties. However, the different impacts of the two types of El Nino, i.e., central Pacific (CP-) and eastern Pacific (EP-) El Nino, on runoff across the conterminous US (CONUS) are not well understood. This study characterizes the impacts of the CP- and EP-El Nino on seasonal and annual runoff using observed streamflow data from 658 reference gaging stations and the NCAR-CCSM4 model. We found that surface runoff responds similarly to the two types of El Nino events in southeastern, central, southern, and western coastal regions, but differently in northeast (NE), Pacific northwest (PNW) and west north central (WNC) climatic zones. Specifically, EP-El Nino events tend to bring above-average runoff in NE, WNC, and PNW throughout the year while CP-El Nino events cause below-than normal runoff in the three regions. Similar findings were also found by analyzing NCAR-CCSM4 model outputs that captured both the CP- and EP-El Nino events, representing the best data set among CMIP5 models. The CCSM4 model simulates lower runoff values during CP-El Nino years than those in EP-El Nino over all of the three climatic regions (NE, PNW, and WNC) during 1950-1999. In the future (2050-2099), for both types of El Nino years, runoff is projected to increase over the NE and PNW regions, mainly due to increased precipitation (P). In contrast, the increase of future evapotranspiration (ET) exceeds that of future P, leading to a projected decrease in runoff over the WNC region. In addition, model analysis indicates that all of the three regions (NE, PNW, and WNC) are projected to have lower runoff in CP-El Nino years than in EP-El Nino years. Our study suggests that the US water resources may be distributed more unevenly in space and time with more frequent and intense flood and drought events. The findings from this study have important implications to water resource management at regional scales. Information generated from this study may help water resource planners to anticipate the influence of two different types of El Nino events on droughts and floods across the CONUS. C1 [Tang, T.; Li, W.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Sun, G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Li, W (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM wenhong.li@duke.du FU National Science Foundation [AGS-1147608]; US Department of Agriculture [2014-67003-22068] FX We would like to thank USGS for providing runoff data, NOAA for providing land precipitation data, and ECMWF for providing ERA ET data, as well as ESGF portal for providing CMIP5 global climate model output. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers and M. Budde, as well as R. Tilburg for their helpful comments on earlier version of this manuscript. This study is supported by the National Science Foundation grant AGS-1147608, and US Department of Agriculture grant 2014-67003-22068. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 19 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2016 VL 20 IS 1 BP 27 EP 37 DI 10.5194/hess-20-27-2016 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA DD1GD UT WOS:000369668400003 ER PT J AU Oliver, JB Reding, ME Ranger, CM Klein, MG Youssef, NN Moyseenko, JJ Dennis, SO AF Oliver, J. B. Reding, M. E. Ranger, C. M. Klein, M. G. Youssef, N. N. Moyseenko, J. J. Dennis, S. O. TI Insecticides Evaluated as Regulatory Immersion Treatments to Eliminate Third-Instar Japanese Beetles. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Small-Diameter Field-Grown Nursery Plants SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Popillia japonica; nursery; insecticide; scarab; plant dip ID TEMPERATURE; MANAGEMENT; TOXICITY; CHLORPYRIFOS; RESISTANCE; LARVAE; TREES AB Japanese beetles, Popillia japonica Newman, are a quarantine issue for nursery shipments to certain U.S. states. The Domestic Japanese Beetle Harmonization Plan (DJHP) allows balled and burlapped (B&B) root ball immersion in chlorpyrifos or bifenthrin for P. japonica certification. Study objectives were: (a) to evaluate multiple insecticides as potential regulatory dips against third-instar P. japonica in 30-cm B&B, and (b) to determine the lowest effective rates. Tests were performed fall and spring from 2003 to 2007. All insecticide treatments reduced larval numbers compared with the untreated check treatment, with the exception of chlorantraniliprole and the lowest rate of trichlorfon in a fall test. Bifenthrin, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, clothianidin, and trichlorfon and bifenthrin imidacloprid were the most effective insecticides. Larval numbers in acephate, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and cyfluthrin imidacloprid treatments exceeded DJHP requirements at rates evaluated. Carbaryl, chlorantraniliprole, dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, trichlorfon, and cyfluthrin imidacloprid dips were more effective in spring than fall tests. The only insecticide that caused significant plant mortality was trichlorfon (rates >= 119.8 g active ingredient/100 L). Several insecticides not currently approved for use in the DJHP and reduced rates of DJHP-approved active ingredients, bifenthrin and chlorpyrifos, demonstrated suitability for regulatory programs against P. japonica. C1 [Oliver, J. B.; Reding, M. E.; Ranger, C. M.; Klein, M. G.; Youssef, N. N.; Moyseenko, J. J.; Dennis, S. O.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Agr Human & Nat Sci, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, 472 Cadillac Lane, Mcminnville, TN 37110 USA. [Reding, M. E.; Ranger, C. M.; Moyseenko, J. J.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Hort Insects Res Lab, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Klein, M. G.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Dennis, S. O.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Agr Human & Nat Sci, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. RP Oliver, JB (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Coll Agr Human & Nat Sci, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, 472 Cadillac Lane, Mcminnville, TN 37110 USA. EM joliver@tnstate.edu FU USDA-NIFA Evans-Allen Funding; USDA-ARS Thad Cochran Southern Horticultural Research Laboratory; USDA-ARS National Arboretum; USDA-ARS Application Technology Research Unit Horticultural Insects Research Lab; USDA-APHIS Biloxi Station; USDA Pest Management Alternative Program [2003-34381-13660]; TSU College of Agriculture, Human, and Natural Sciences FX We thank Joshua Basham, Jason Basham, Jesse Basham, Morris Bond, Crystal Lemings, Sam Ochieng, Heath Overby, Minsheng Wang, and Caleb West (Tennessee State University [TSU]); Ruthann Berry, Douglas Chan, Connie McCain, and Reginald Mesko (former USDA-APHIS-PPQ, Niles Biological Control Laboratory, Niles, MI); and John Tanner, Dave Cowan, Eireann Doyle, and James Wiehe (USDA APHIS, Otis Pest Survey, Detection and Exclusion Laboratory, Otis ANGB, MA) for providing assistance with field evaluations, Vic Mastro and David Prokrym for providing support for USDA-APHIS personnel to travel and assist with field evaluations, Anne-Marie Callcott (USDA-APHIS) and Karla Addesso (TSU) for providing outside reviews of the manuscript, agrochemical manufacturers listed in Table 1 for providing product for testing, and Arysta LifeScience, OHP, Syngenta, and Valent for providing research gifts to support nursery-related research. Partial research funding was provided by USDA-NIFA Evans-Allen Funding, USDA-ARS Thad Cochran Southern Horticultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS National Arboretum, USDA-ARS Application Technology Research Unit Horticultural Insects Research Lab, USDA-APHIS Biloxi Station, USDA Pest Management Alternative Program Award Number 2003-34381-13660, and the TSU College of Agriculture, Human, and Natural Sciences. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 9 EP 28 PG 20 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DD2VC UT WOS:000369779300002 ER PT J AU Shepherd, WP Sullivan, BT Mayfield, AE McDonald, RC AF Shepherd, William P. Sullivan, Brian T. Mayfield, Albert E., III McDonald, Richard C. TI Olfactory Responses of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Predator, Laricobius nigrinus (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), to Natural and Synthetic Conifer Volatiles SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Adelges tsugae; Adelgidae; biological control; predation; GC-EAD ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; TSUGAE HOMOPTERA; UNITED-STATES; HEMIPTERA; BEHAVIOR; CANADENSIS; HOSTS AB Laricobius nigrinus Fender (Coleoptera: Derodontidae) is a specialist predator of the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), native to the Pacific Northwest. It has been introduced into the eastern United States for biological control of exotic hemlock woolly adelgid populations that threaten native hemlock. The possible role of olfactory cues in host finding by this predator has received little study. We used gas chromatography electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) to test adult L. nigrinus olfactory sensitivity to volatiles from foliage of both adelgid-infested and uninfested eastern hemlock [Tsuga canadensis (L.) Corriere] and western hemlock [Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.], and two hemlock woolly adelgid nonhost species (eastern white pine, Pinus strobus L., and western white pine, Pinus monticola Douglas ex D. Don). Adelgid infestation did not alter L. nigrinus EAD response profiles to volatiles from either hemlock species. In total, antennal preparations detected only two compounds in samples of foliage volatiles: myrcene in all four tree species and nonanal in eastern hemlock alone. However, in GC-EAD tests with synthetic blends of common conifer volatiles presented at higher concentrations than in our foliage samples, we additionally recorded responses to (-)-limonene, terpinolene, alpha-pdimethylstyrene, linalool, (-)-bornyl acetate, 4-allylanisole, and a/pha-humulene. The apparent absence of olfactory stimulants specific to adelgid-infested foliage is consistent with published ambulatory olfactometer tests in which L. nigrinus adults were not more attracted to infested than uninfested foliage. Myrcene and nonanal should be further explored as compounds produced by hemlock woolly adelgid host trees that may influence L. nigrinus prey-finding efficiency. C1 [Shepherd, William P.; Sullivan, Brian T.; Mayfield, Albert E., III; McDonald, Richard C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 2500 Shreveport Hwy, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Mayfield, Albert E., III] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 200 WT Weaver Blvd, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [McDonald, Richard C.] Symbiont Biol Pest Management, 194 Shulls Hollar, Sugar Grove, NC 28679 USA. RP Shepherd, WP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 2500 Shreveport Hwy, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM williamshepherd@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station FX The authors sincerely thank the following individuals and agencies: Mark Dalusky (University of Georgia), Darrell Ross (Oregon State University), and Kimberly Wallin (University of Vermont and USDA Forest Service) for assistance with field collection of beetles and/or host volatiles; Barbara Reynolds and the University of North Carolina Asheville for laboratory space; Brandon Howard (Kentucky Ridge State Forest) and Katie Greenberg (USDA Forest Service, Bent Creek Experimental Forest) for access to field sites. We also thank Robert Jetton (Camcore, North Carolina State University) and Alex Mangini (USDA Forest Service) for reviewing an earlier draft of this paper. This work was funded by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 8 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 29 EP 42 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DD2VC UT WOS:000369779300003 ER PT J AU Greenstone, MH AF Greenstone, Matthew H. TI Sampling Epigeal Arthropods: A Permanent, Sheltered, Closeable Pitfall Trapping Station SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; epigeal arthropods; sampling ID TRAPS; COLEOPTERA; CARABIDAE; BEETLES AB Epigeal arthropods constitute the bulk of herbivore, predator, and decomposer species in soil and litter ecosystems. Being small and difficult to observe within these sometimes densely vegetated habitats, they are inherently difficult to sample quantitatively. Further, most methods have inherent taxon, life-stage, and habitat biases, making biodiversity and other community-wide sampling problematic. Quadrat methods can be quantitative but may undercount active taxa and only work in the structurally simplest habitats. Mark-and recapture and trapping-out methods can yield defensible quantitative estimates but are not practicable for multispecies sampling. This leaves only flooding the habitat and collecting every animal thus dislodged, an expensive and difficult expedient. Pitfall traps are inexpensive and easily deployed, but they are not quantitative. When used intensively for a sufficiently long period of time, however, they can support reliable estimates of the total number of species and other biodiversity indices. Nevertheless there are technical problems associated with the use of pitfalls, including susceptibility to precipitation and flooding, lack of simple methods to close the traps between collecting intervals, and threats to the integrity of the trapping site. Described herein is an inexpensive, permanent pitfall station that shelters the trap from precipitation and flooding, can be securely closed during inactive periods, and can remain in place indefinitely without damage to the site. C1 [Greenstone, Matthew H.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Greenstone, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM matt.greenstone@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 7 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 87 EP 93 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DD2VC UT WOS:000369779300008 ER PT J AU Zhao, CY Shukle, R Navarro-Escalante, L Chen, MS Richards, S Stuart, JJ AF Zhao, Chaoyang Shukle, Richard Navarro-Escalante, Lucio Chen, Mingshun Richards, Stephen Stuart, Jeffrey J. TI Avirulence gene mapping in the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) reveals a protein phosphatase 2C effector gene family SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Effector protein; Avirulence gene; Plant-gall; Gene-for-gene interaction; Plant resistance; Protein phosphatase ID TRITICUM-TAUSCHII; RESISTANCE GENES; GALL MIDGE; WHEAT; ARABIDOPSIS; PLANTS; GENOME; VIRULENCE; EVOLUTION; EXPANSION AB The genetic tractability of the Hessian fly (HF, Mayetiola destructor) provides an opportunity to investigate the mechanisms insects use to induce plant gall formation. Here we demonstrate that capacity using the newly sequenced HF genome by identifying the gene (vH24) that elicits effector-triggered immunity in wheat (Triticum spp.) seedlings carrying HF resistance gene H24. vH24 was mapped within a 230-kb genomic fragment near the telomere of HF chromosome X1. That fragment contains only 21 putative genes. The best candidate vH24 gene in this region encodes a protein containing a secretion signal and a type-2 serine/threonine protein phosphatase (PP2C) domain. This gene has an H24-virulence associated insertion in its promoter that appears to silence transcription of the gene in H24-virulent larvae. Candidate vH24 is a member of a small family of genes that encode secretion signals and PP2C domains. It belongs to the fraction of genes in the HF genome previously predicted to encode effector proteins. Because PP2C proteins are not normally secreted, our results suggest that these are PP2C effectors that HF larvae inject into wheat cells to redirect, or interfere, with wheat signal transduction pathways. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Chaoyang; Shukle, Richard; Navarro-Escalante, Lucio; Stuart, Jeffrey J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Shukle, Richard] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chen, Mingshun] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Mingshun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Richards, Stephen] Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Zhao, Chaoyang] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Stuart, JJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM zhao.1369@osu.edu; shukle@purdue.edu; navarroe@purdue.edu; ming-shun.chen@ars.usda.gov; stephenr@bcm.edu; stuartjj@purdue.edu OI Zhao, Chaoyang/0000-0003-3378-3163 FU USDA-NIFA AFRI [2008-35302-18816, 2010-03741]; Fulbright-Colombia FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support for this work provided by USDA-NIFA AFRI Grants 2008-35302-18816 and 2010-03741 and a fellowship to JJS from Fulbright-Colombia. They also gratefully acknowledge technical support from Sue Cambron (USDA-ARS) and Andrew Katz. The authors also thank three anonymous reviewers who greatly improved the presentation. NR 64 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 84 SI SI BP 22 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2015.10.001 PG 10 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA DD7MO UT WOS:000370108800004 PM 26439791 ER PT J AU Zinkgraf, MS Meneses, N Whitham, TG Allan, GJ AF Zinkgraf, Matthew S. Meneses, Nashelly Whitham, Thomas G. Allan, Gerard J. TI Genetic variation in NIN1 and C/VIF1 genes is significantly associated with Populus angustifolia resistance to a galling herbivore, Pemphigus betae SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Candidate gene mapping; Galling; Cascading community effects; Invertase; Nutrition hypothesis; Sink-source relations ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; PLANT DEFENSE RESPONSE; HESSIAN FLY DIPTERA; MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR; INSECT HERBIVORES; NUTRITION HYPOTHESIS; STATISTICAL-METHOD; INVERTASE ACTIVITY; DNA POLYMORPHISM; BLACK COTTONWOOD AB The identification of genes associated with ecologically important traits provides information on the potential genetic mechanisms underlying the responses of an organism to its natural environment. In this study, we investigated the genetic basis of host plant resistance to the gall-inducing aphid, Pemphigus betae, in a natural population of 154 narrowleaf cottonwoods (Populus angustifolia). We surveyed genetic variation in two genes putatively involved in sink-source relations and a phenology gene that co-located in a previously identified quantitative trait locus for resistance to galling. Using a candidate gene approach, three major findings emerged. First, natural variation in tree resistance to galling was repeatable. Sampling of the same tree genotypes 20 years after the initial survey in 1986 show that 80% of the variation in resistance was due to genetic differences among individuals. Second, we identified significant associations at the single nucleotide polymorphism and haplotype levels between the plant neutral invertase gene NIN1 and tree resistance. Invertases are a class of sucrose hydrolyzing enzymes and play an important role in plant responses to biotic stress, including the establishment of nutrient sinks. These associations with NIN1 were driven by a single nucleotide polymorphism (NIN1_664) located in the second intron of the gene and in an orthologous sequence to two known regulatory elements. Third, haplo-types from an inhibitor of invertase (C/VIF1) were significantly associated with tree resistance. The identification of genetic variation in these two genes provides a starting point to understand the possible genetic mechanisms that contribute to tree resistance to gall formation. We also build on previous work demonstrating that genetic differences in sink-source relationships of the host influence the ability of P. betae to manipulate the flow of nutrients and induce a nutrient sink. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zinkgraf, Matthew S.; Meneses, Nashelly; Whitham, Thomas G.; Allan, Gerard J.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Environm Genet & Genom Lab EnGGen, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Whitham, Thomas G.; Allan, Gerard J.] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Zinkgraf, MS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM mzinkgraf@gmail.com OI Zinkgraf, Matthew/0000-0002-7229-8016 FU NSF-FIBR Grant [DEB-045908]; NSF-PRFB Grant [IOS-1402064]; NSF Macrosystems [DEB-1340852]; Bureau of Reclamation Grant [04FC300039]; NIH [NIGMS R25-GM56931] FX The authors thank Luke Evans, Dave Smith and Arthur Keith for assistance in the field; Stephen DiFazio and Philip Service for critical comments on the manuscript; and Ellyce Eddy and Stephanie Grasso for assistance in the laboratory. We also thank the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources for access to the Weber River field sites; and the Ogden Nature Center for their hospitality. Our research was supported by several Grants; NSF-FIBR Grant (DEB-045908), NSF-PRFB Grant (IOS-1402064), NSF Macrosystems (DEB-1340852), Bureau of Reclamation Grant (04FC300039), and the NIH funded Minority Student Development (NIGMS R25-GM56931) program at Northern Arizona University. NR 92 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 84 SI SI BP 50 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2015.10.007 PG 10 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA DD7MO UT WOS:000370108800007 PM 26518288 ER PT J AU Miller, LC Crawford, KK Lager, KM Kellner, SG Brockmeier, SL AF Miller, Laura C. Crawford, Kimberly K. Lager, Kelly M. Kellner, Steven G. Brockmeier, Susan L. TI Evaluation of two real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) to assess PEDV transmission in growing pigs SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; swine ID RT-PCR; GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; DIFFERENTIAL DETECTION; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; RAPID DETECTION; STRAINS; SAMPLES; QUANTIFICATION; VARIANT AB In April 2013, a Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) epidemic began in the United States. As part of the response, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays to detect PEDV were developed by several veterinary diagnostic laboratories. Our study evaluated RT-PCR PEDV assays that detect the N gene (gN) and S gene (gS) for their ability to detect PEDV infection and the transmission potential of pigs experimentally exposed to PEDV. Detection limits and quantification cycle (Cq) values of real-time RT-PCR were assayed for PEDV samples and positive controls for both gN and gS. The limit of detection for the gN assay was 10(-6) (mean Cq: 39.82 +/- 0.30) and 10(-5) (mean Cq: 39.39 +/- 0.72) for the gS assay with PEDV strain USA/Colorado/2013. Following recommended guidelines, rectal swabs (n = 1,064) were tested; 354 samples were positive by gN assay and 349 samples were positive by gS assay (Cq 34.99), 710 samples were negative by gN assay and 715 were negative by gS assay (Cq > 34.99) of which 355 and 344 were undetermined (i.e., undetected within a threshold of 40 RT-PCR cycles, by gN and gS assays, respectively). The coefficient of variation (intra-assay variation) ranged from 0.00% to 2.65% and interassay variation had an average of 2.75%. PEDV could be detected in rectal swabs from all pigs for similar to 2 weeks postinfection at which time the prevalence began to decrease until all pigs were RT-PCR negative by 5 weeks postinfection. Our study demonstrated that RT-PCR assays functioned well to detect PEDV and that the gN assay was slightly better. C1 [Miller, Laura C.; Crawford, Kimberly K.; Lager, Kelly M.; Kellner, Steven G.; Brockmeier, Susan L.] USDA ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Miller, Laura C.] USDA ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Miller, LC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA.; Miller, LC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM laura.miller@ars.usda.gov OI Miller, Laura/0000-0002-8946-9416 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service "Intervention Strategies to Control Viral Diseases of Swine" [5030-32000-108-00] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service "Intervention Strategies to Control Viral Diseases of Swine" (Appropriated 5030-32000-108-00). NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 28 IS 1 BP 20 EP 29 DI 10.1177/1040638715621949 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DD5JB UT WOS:000369958400003 PM 26699519 ER PT J AU Slesak, RA Harrington, TB D'Amato, AW AF Slesak, Robert A. Harrington, Timothy B. D'Amato, Anthony W. TI Invasive scotch broom alters soil chemical properties in Douglas-fir forests of the Pacific Northwest, USA SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Cytisus scoparius; Hedley sequential fractionation; Forest soils; Invasive species effects on soils; Soil phosphorus ID SHRUB CYTISUS-SCOPARIUS; PHOSPHORUS AVAILABILITY; P-FRACTIONS; NITROGEN; GROWTH; VEGETATION; FERTILIZATION; PLANTATIONS; COMPETITION; LIMITATION AB Scotch broom is an N-fixing invasive species that has high potential to alter soil properties. We compared soil from areas of Scotch broom invasion with nearby areas that had no evidence of invasion to assess the influence of broom on soil P fractions and other chemical properties. The study was conducted at two contrasting Douglas-fir sites in Oregon (OR) and Washington (WA), USA with broom invasion for 10 years. We used the Hedley sequential fractionation procedure to assess effects of Scotch broom invasion on P pools of varying bioavailability, and also measured total C, N and extractable nutrient cations. Total soil C and N were significantly higher with broom present at the fine-textured OR site, but there was no effect at the coarse-textured WA site. There was no difference in labile-P measures between the presence and absence of Scotch broom at either site, but there were notable reductions (25-30 %) in the intermediately-available P fraction when broom was present. Extractable nutrient cations (notably K) were lower in the presence of broom at both sites, with the effects most pronounced at the fine-textured OR site. Lasting effects of Scotch broom invasion are likely to be associated with variable changes in soil C, N, and decreases in extractable nutrients and available P. These changes, and other documented effects of Scotch broom on soil, are likely to have lasting effects on Douglas-fir growth after Scotch broom removal that will vary depending soil nutrient status at a given site. C1 [Slesak, Robert A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 115 Green Hall,1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Slesak, Robert A.] Minnesota Forest Resources Council, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Harrington, Timothy B.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3625 93rd Ave Southwest, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Slesak, RA (reprint author), Minnesota Forest Resources Council, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM raslesak@umn.edu FU USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative-Controlling Weedy and Invasive Plants program; USDA Forest Service-Pacific Northwest Research Station; University of Minnesota FX This work was funded by the USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative-Controlling Weedy and Invasive Plants program, the USDA Forest Service-Pacific Northwest Research Station, and the University of Minnesota. We are grateful to Randall Greggs of Green Diamond Resource Company and Mike Warjone of Port Blakely Tree Farms LLC for logistical support and access to the study sites. Special thanks are given to James Dollins and Dave Peter for assisting with field sampling and study establishment, and to Stephen Schoenholtz and Daniel DeBruler for conducting the laboratory analyses. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JAN PY 2016 VL 398 IS 1-2 BP 281 EP 289 DI 10.1007/s11104-015-2662-7 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DB5JP UT WOS:000368550700021 ER PT J AU De Kok, LJ Grantz, DA Burkey, KO AF De Kok, L. J. Grantz, D. A. Burkey, K. O. TI Plants and the changing environment SO PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [De Kok, L. J.] Univ Groningen, Groningen Inst Evolutionary Life Sci, Lab Plant Physiol, POB 11103, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands. [Grantz, D. A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Burkey, K. O.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Plant Sci Res, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. RP De Kok, LJ (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Groningen Inst Evolutionary Life Sci, Lab Plant Physiol, POB 11103, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands.; Grantz, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.; Burkey, KO (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Plant Sci Res, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. EM l.j.de.kok@rug.nl; dagrantz@ucanr.edu; kent.burkey@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1435-8603 EI 1438-8677 J9 PLANT BIOLOGY JI Plant Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 SI SI BP 3 EP 4 DI 10.1111/plb.12413 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DD5OO UT WOS:000369973800001 PM 26769096 ER PT J AU Chappelka, AH Grulke, NE AF Chappelka, A. H. Grulke, N. E. TI Disruption of the 'disease triangle' by chemical and physical environmental change SO PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Climate change; disease triangle; plant pests; tree diseases; tropospheric ozone ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; LOBLOLLY-PINE SEEDLINGS; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ELEVATED CO2; UNITED-STATES; AIR-POLLUTION; ROOT-DISEASE; SCOTS PINE; MOUNTAIN SNOWPACK AB The physical and chemical environment of the Earth has changed rapidly over the last 100 years and is predicted to continue to change into the foreseeable future. One of the main concerns with potential alterations in climate is the propensity for increases in the magnitude and frequency of extremes to occur. Even though precipitation is predicted to increase in some locations, in others precipitation is expected to decrease and evapotranspiration increase with air temperature, resulting in exacerbated drought in the future. Chemical [ozone (O-3) and other air contaminants] and subsequent physical alterations in the environment will have a profound effect on the 'disease triangle' (a favourable environment, a susceptible host and a virulent pathogen) and should be included in any analysis of biological response to climate change. The chemical and physical environment affects plant health and alters plant susceptibility to insect and pathogen attack through increased frequency, duration and severity of drought and reduction in host vigour. The potential effects of climate change and O3 on tree diseases with emphasis on the western United States are discussed. We describe a generalised modelling approach to incorporate the complexities of the 'disease triangle' into dynamic vegetation models. C1 [Chappelka, A. H.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Grulke, N. E.] USDA ARS, Pacific NW Res Stn, Western Wildland Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Prineville, OR USA. RP Chappelka, AH (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM chappah@auburn.edu FU Western Wildlands Environmental Threat Assessment Center, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station FX The authors wish to thank Karl Marrett and Ron Neilson for brainstorming on the modelling approach. Partial support for this work was provided to Art Chappelka by the Western Wildlands Environmental Threat Assessment Center, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their care in improving this manuscript. This manuscript represents the views of the authors solely and does not represent those of any government agency. NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1435-8603 EI 1438-8677 J9 PLANT BIOLOGY JI Plant Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 SI SI BP 5 EP 12 DI 10.1111/plb.12353 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DD5OO UT WOS:000369973800002 PM 26012894 ER PT J AU Chutteang, C Booker, FL Na-Ngern, P Burton, A Aoki, M Burkey, KO AF Chutteang, C. Booker, F. L. Na-Ngern, P. Burton, A. Aoki, M. Burkey, K. O. TI Biochemical and physiological processes associated with the differential ozone response in ozone-tolerant and sensitive soybean genotypes SO PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antioxidants; ethylene; ozone tolerance; peroxidases; photosynthesis; soybean ID INDUCED CELL-DEATH; MAX L MERR; GENE-EXPRESSION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GAS-EXCHANGE; PLANTS; ARABIDOPSIS; ASCORBATE; TOBACCO; INJURY AB Biochemical and physiological traits of two soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes differing in sensitivity to ozone (O-3) were investigated to determine the possible basis for the differential response. Fiskeby III (O-3-tolerant) and Mandarin (Ottawa) (O-3-sensitive) were grown in a greenhouse with charcoal-filtered air for 4 weeks, then treated with O-3 for 7 h . day(-1) in greenhouse chambers. Mandarin (Ottawa) showed significantly more leaf injury and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O-2(-)) production compared with Fiskeby III. Peroxidase activity in Mandarin (Ottawa) was 31% higher with O-3 but was not significantly different in Fiskeby III. Ozone did not affect superoxide dismutase or glutathione reductase activities, or leaf concentrations of glutathione or ascorbic acid. Thus, variation in O-3 response between Fiskeby III and Mandarin (Ottawa) was not explained by differences in antioxidant enzymes and metabolites tested. Ethylene emission from leaves declined in Fiskeby III following O-3 exposure but not in Mandarin (Ottawa). Ozone exposure reduced quantum yield (Phi(PSII)), electron transport rate (ETR) and photochemical quenching (q(p)) in Mandarin (Ottawa) more than in Fiskeby III, indicating that efficiency of energy conversion of PSII and photosynthetic electron transport was altered differently in the two genotypes. Short-term exposure to O-3 had minimal effects on net carbon exchange rates of both soybean cultivars. A trend toward higher stomatal conductance in Mandarin (Ottawa) suggested stomatal exclusion might contribute to differential O-3 sensitivity of the two genotypes. Increased sensitivity of Mandarin (Ottawa) to O-3 was associated with higher H2O2 and O-2(-) production compared with Fiskeby III, possibly associated with genotype differences in stomatal function or regulation of ethylene during the initial phases of O-3 response. C1 [Chutteang, C.] Kasetsart Univ, Fac Agr Kamphaeng Saen, Dept Agron, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. [Booker, F. L.; Burton, A.; Burkey, K. O.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Booker, F. L.; Burton, A.; Burkey, K. O.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Na-Ngern, P.] Petr Author Thailand Publ Co Ltd, Sustainabil Management Project, Bangkok, Thailand. [Aoki, M.] Cabinet Off Japan Roppongi, Sci Council Japan, Minato Ku, Tokyo, Japan. RP Burkey, KO (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.; Burkey, KO (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. EM kent.burkey@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1435-8603 EI 1438-8677 J9 PLANT BIOLOGY JI Plant Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 SI SI BP 28 EP 36 DI 10.1111/plb.12347 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DD5OO UT WOS:000369973800005 PM 25959717 ER PT J AU Grantz, DA Paudel, R Vu, HB Shrestha, A Grulke, N AF Grantz, D. A. Paudel, R. Vu, H. -B. Shrestha, A. Grulke, N. TI Diel trends in stomatal response to ozone and water deficit: a unique relationship of midday values to growth and allometry in Pima cotton? SO PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Allometry; climate change; cotton; gas exchange; Gossypium barbadense; ozone; stomatal response ID DIFFERENTIALLY IRRIGATED COTTON; SEASON SOYBEAN CULTIVARS; SOIL-MOISTURE STRESS; YIELD RESPONSES; AMBIENT OZONE; ELEVATED CO2; HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULI; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; GENETIC-IMPROVEMENT AB Plant responses to ozone (O-3) and water deficit (WD) are commonly observed, although less is known about their interaction. Stomatal conductance (g(s)) is both an impact of these stressors and a protective response to them. Stomatal closure reduces inward flux of O-3 and outward flux of water. Stomatal measurements are generally obtained at midday when gas exchange is maximal, but these may not be adequate surrogates for stomatal responses observed at other times of day, nor for non-stomatal responses. Here, we find in Pima cotton that stomatal responses to O-3 observed at midday do not reflect responses at other times. Stomata were more responsive to O-3 and WD near midday, despite being at quasi-steady state, than during periods of active opening or closing in morning or evening. Stomatal responsivity to O-3 was not coincident with maximum gas exchange or with periods of active regulation, but coincident with plant sensitivity to O-3 previously determined in this cultivar. Responses of pigmentation and shoot productivity were more closely related to stomatal responses at midday than to responses at other times of day under well-watered (WW) conditions, reflecting higher stomatal responsivity, sensitivity to O-3, and magnitude of midday gs. Under WD conditions, shoot responses were more closely related to early morning gs. Root responses were more closely related to early morning gs under both WW and WD. Responses of stomata to O-3 at midday were not good surrogates for stomatal responses early or late in the day, and may not adequately predicting O-3 flux under WD or when maximum ambient concentrations do not occur near midday. C1 [Grantz, D. A.; Vu, H. -B.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Paudel, R.; Shrestha, A.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Plant Sci, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Grulke, N.] Forest Serv, USDA, Prineville, OR USA. RP Grantz, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM dagrantz@ucanr.edu FU University of California at Riverside Research Allocation Process; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service [AG-04T0-P-13-0052]; California State University at Fresno, Harvey Scholarship-Jordan Assistantship FX This research was supported in part by the University of California at Riverside Research Allocation Process, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service through Cooperative Agreement Order AG-04T0-P-13-0052, and a California State University at Fresno, Harvey Scholarship-Jordan Assistantship awarded to R.P. NR 98 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1435-8603 EI 1438-8677 J9 PLANT BIOLOGY JI Plant Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 SI SI BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1111/plb.12355 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DD5OO UT WOS:000369973800006 PM 26031549 ER PT J AU Hallenborg, P Petersen, RK Kouskoumvekaki, I Newman, JW Madsen, L Kristiansen, K AF Hallenborg, Philip Petersen, Rasmus K. Kouskoumvekaki, Irene Newman, John W. Madsen, Lise Kristiansen, Karsten TI The elusive endogenous adipogenic PPAR gamma agonists: Lining up the suspects SO PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE PPAR gamma; Adipogenesis; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Cyclooxygenases; Lipoxygenases; Reactive oxygen species ID PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR; INHIBITS ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; CELL-DERIVED ADIPOCYTES; 3T3-L1 PREADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; DOMINANT-NEGATIVE MUTATIONS; MITOTIC CLONAL EXPANSION; PROSTAGLANDIN F-2 ALPHA; LIGAND-BINDING DOMAIN; WHITE ADIPOSE-TISSUE AB The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) is the key decisive factor controlling the development of adipocytes. Ligand-mediated activation of PPAR gamma occurs early during adipogenesis and is thought to prime adipose conversion. Although several fatty acids and their derivatives are known to bind to and activate PPAR gamma, the identity of the ligand(s) responsible for initiating adipocyte differentiation is still a matter of debate. Here we review recent data on pathways involved in ligand production as well as possible endogenous, adipogenic PPAR gamma agonists. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hallenborg, Philip; Petersen, Rasmus K.; Madsen, Lise; Kristiansen, Karsten] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Lab Genom & Mol Biomed, Univ Pk 13, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Hallenborg, Philip] Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Biochem, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark. [Kouskoumvekaki, Irene] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Syst Biol, Ctr Biol Sequence Anal, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. [Newman, John W.] USDA ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Newman, John W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95695 USA. [Madsen, Lise] Natl Inst Nutr & Seafood Res, Postboks 2029, N-5817 Bergen, Norway. RP Kristiansen, K (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Lab Genom & Mol Biomed, Univ Pk 13, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. EM kk@bio.ku.dk RI Madsen, Lise/C-6246-2012; OI Madsen, Lise/0000-0003-4468-1947; Kouskoumvekaki, Irene/0000-0003-2333-8453 FU Danish Natural Science Research Council [0602-00605B]; Villum Foundation; Novo Nordisk Foundation; Lundbeck Foundation; Carlsberg Foundation [2012_01_0584]; EU FP7 project DIABAT [HEALTH-F2-2011-278373]; United States Department of Agriculture intramural project [2032-51530-022-00D] FX This work was supported by the Danish Natural Science Research Council (0602-00605B), the Villum Foundation, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the Lundbeck Foundation and the Carlsberg Foundation (2012_01_0584). This work was further supported by the EU FP7 project DIABAT (HEALTH-F2-2011-278373) and United States Department of Agriculture intramural project 2032-51530-022-00D. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer and provider. NR 212 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0163-7827 J9 PROG LIPID RES JI Prog. Lipid Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 61 BP 149 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.11.002 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA DD7HR UT WOS:000370094800011 PM 26703188 ER PT J AU Barbosa, JM Asner, GP Martin, RE Baldeck, CA Hughes, F Johnson, T AF Barbosa, Jomar M. Asner, Gregory P. Martin, Roberta E. Baldeck, Claire A. Hughes, Flint Johnson, Tracy TI Determining Subcanopy Psidium cattleianum Invasion in Hawaiian Forests Using Imaging Spectroscopy SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE invasive species; strawberry guava; single-class classification; mixture tuned matched filtering; biased support vector machine; Carnegie Airborne Observatory ID SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS; RAIN-FORESTS; ENDMEMBER VARIABILITY; HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY; LEAFY SPURGE; PLANT COVER; DISCRIMINATION; CLASSIFICATIONS; DIVERSITY; MACHINES AB High-resolution airborne imaging spectroscopy represents a promising avenue for mapping the spread of invasive tree species through native forests, but for this technology to be useful to forest managers there are two main technical challenges that must be addressed: (1) mapping a single focal species amongst a diverse array of other tree species; and (2) detecting early outbreaks of invasive plant species that are often hidden beneath the forest canopy. To address these challenges, we investigated the performance of two single-class classification frameworksBiased Support Vector Machine (BSVM) and Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering (MTMF)to estimate the degree of Psidium cattleianum incidence over a range of forest vertical strata (relative canopy density). We demonstrate that both BSVM and MTMF have the ability to detect relative canopy density of a single focal plant species in a vertically stratified forest, but they differ in the degree of user input required. Our results suggest BSVM as a promising method to disentangle spectrally-mixed classifications, as this approach generates decision values from a similarity function (kernel), which optimizes complex comparisons between classes using a dynamic machine learning process. C1 [Barbosa, Jomar M.; Asner, Gregory P.; Martin, Roberta E.; Baldeck, Claire A.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hughes, Flint; Johnson, Tracy] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Barbosa, JM (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM jbarbosa@carnegiescience.edu; gpa@carnegiescience.edu; rmartin@carnegiescience.edu; cabaldeck@gmail.com; fhughes@fs.fed.us; tracyjohnson@fs.fed.us OI Barbosa, Jomar Magalhaes/0000-0001-7869-5533 FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; USDA [2014-67013-21603]; William Hearst III; Carnegie Institution for Science FX This study was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and a grant from the USDA 2014-67013-21603. Carnegie Airborne Observatory data collection and mapping was funded privately by the William Hearst III and the Carnegie Institution for Science. The Carnegie Airborne Observatory is made possible by the Avatar Alliance Foundation, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, W. M. Keck Foundation, Margaret A. Cargill Foundation, Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment, Mary Anne Nyburg Baker and G. Leonard Baker Jr., and William R. Hearst III. All authors agree with the contents of the manuscript and its submission to the journal. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 20 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 8 IS 1 AR 33 DI 10.3390/rs8010033 PG 17 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA DC8UF UT WOS:000369494500013 ER PT J AU Chen, Q Lu, DS Keller, M dos-Santos, MN Bolfe, EL Feng, YY Wang, CW AF Chen, Qi Lu, Dengsheng Keller, Michael dos-Santos, Maiza Nara Bolfe, Edson Luis Feng, Yunyun Wang, Changwei TI Modeling and Mapping Agroforestry Aboveground Biomass in the Brazilian Amazon Using Airborne Lidar Data SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE agroforestry; aboveground biomass; lidar; mixed-effects models; allometry; wood density ID LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION; AFRICAN TROPICAL FOREST; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; BOREAL FOREST; SYSTEMS; UNCERTAINTY; LANDSCAPE; SCALE; VEGETATION; PROJECT AB Agroforestry has large potential for carbon (C) sequestration while providing many economical, social, and ecological benefits via its diversified products. Airborne lidar is considered as the most accurate technology for mapping aboveground biomass (AGB) over landscape levels. However, little research in the past has been done to study AGB of agroforestry systems using airborne lidar data. Focusing on an agroforestry system in the Brazilian Amazon, this study first predicted plot-level AGB using fixed-effects regression models that assumed the regression coefficients to be constants. The model prediction errors were then analyzed from the perspectives of tree DBH (diameter at breast height)height relationships and plot-level wood density, which suggested the need for stratifying agroforestry fields to improve plot-level AGB modeling. We separated teak plantations from other agroforestry types and predicted AGB using mixed-effects models that can incorporate the variation of AGB-height relationship across agroforestry types. We found that, at the plot scale, mixed-effects models led to better model prediction performance (based on leave-one-out cross-validation) than the fixed-effects models, with the coefficient of determination (R-2) increasing from 0.38 to 0.64. At the landscape level, the difference between AGB densities from the two types of models was similar to 10% on average and up to similar to 30% at the pixel level. This study suggested the importance of stratification based on tree AGB allometry and the utility of mixed-effects models in modeling and mapping AGB of agroforestry systems. C1 [Chen, Qi; Lu, Dengsheng; Feng, Yunyun] Zhejiang A&F Univ, Sch Environm & Resource Sci, Key Lab Carbon Cycling Forest Ecosyst & Carbon Se, Lin An 311300, Peoples R China. [Chen, Qi; Wang, Changwei] Univ Hawaii, Dept Geog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Lu, Dengsheng] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Global Change & Earth Observat, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Keller, Michael; dos-Santos, Maiza Nara; Bolfe, Edson Luis] Brazilian Agr Res Corp Embrapa, BR-13070115 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Keller, Michael] USDA, Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. RP Lu, DS (reprint author), Zhejiang A&F Univ, Sch Environm & Resource Sci, Key Lab Carbon Cycling Forest Ecosyst & Carbon Se, Lin An 311300, Peoples R China.; Lu, DS (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Ctr Global Change & Earth Observat, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM qichen@hawaii.edu; luds@zafu.edu.cn; mkeller.co2@gmail.com; changwei_wang@scau.edu.cn RI Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012 OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359 FU China's National Natural Science Foundation [41571411]; Zhejiang A&F University's Research and Development Fund [2013FR052]; CNPq LBA; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA); US Forest Service; USAID; US Department of State FX This study was financially supported by the China's National Natural Science Foundation (No# 41571411) and the Zhejiang A&F University's Research and Development Fund for the talent startup project (No# 2013FR052). Keller, dos-Santos, and Bolfe acknowledge the support from CNPq LBA. Data were acquired by the Sustainable Landscapes Brazil project supported by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), the US Forest Service, and USAID, and the US Department of State. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 18 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 8 IS 1 AR 21 DI 10.3390/rs8010021 PG 17 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA DC8US UT WOS:000369495800024 ER PT J AU Yang, GJ Weng, QH Pu, RL Gao, F Sun, CH Li, H Zhao, CJ AF Yang, Guijun Weng, Qihao Pu, Ruiliang Gao, Feng Sun, Chenhong Li, Hua Zhao, Chunjiang TI Evaluation of ASTER-Like Daily Land Surface Temperature by Fusing ASTER and MODIS Data during the HiWATER-MUSOEXE SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE ESTARFM; ASTER; MODIS; land surface temperature; evaluation ID SPACEBORNE THERMAL EMISSION; REFLECTION RADIOMETER ASTER; TEMPORAL RESOLUTION; SATELLITE IMAGERY; BLENDING LANDSAT; ALGORITHM; PRODUCTS; DISAGGREGATION; REFINEMENTS; VALIDATION AB Land surface temperature (LST) is an important parameter that is highly responsive to surface energy fluxes and has become valuable to many disciplines. However, it is difficult to acquire satellite LSTs with both high spatial and temporal resolutions due to tradeoffs between them. Thus, various algorithms/models have been developed to enhance the spatial or the temporal resolution of thermal infrared (TIR) data or LST, but rarely both. The Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (STARFM) is the widely-used data fusion algorithm for Landsat and MODIS imagery to produce Landsat-like surface reflectance. In order to extend the STARFM application over heterogeneous areas, an enhanced STARFM (ESTARFM) approach was proposed by introducing a conversion coefficient and the spectral unmixing theory. The aim of this study is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the ESTARFM algorithm for generating ASTER-like daily LST by three approaches: simulated data, ground measurements and remote sensing products, respectively. The datasets of LST ground measurements, MODIS, and ASTER images were collected in an arid region of Northwest China during the first thematic HiWATER-Multi-Scale Observation Experiment on Evapotranspiration (MUSOEXE) over heterogeneous land surfaces in 2012 from May to September. Firstly, the results of the simulation test indicated that ESTARFM could accurately predict background with temperature variations, even coordinating with small ground objects and linear ground objects. Secondly, four temporal ASTER and MODIS data fusion LSTs (i.e., predicted ASTER-like LST products) were highly consistent with ASTER LST products. Here, the four correlation coefficients were greater than 0.92, root mean square error (RMSE) reached about 2 K and mean absolute error (MAE) ranged from 1.32 K to 1.73 K. Finally, the results of the ground measurement validation indicated that the overall accuracy was high (R-2 = 0.92, RMSE = 0.77 K), and the ESTARFM algorithm is a highly recommended method to assemble time series images at ASTER spatial resolution and MODIS temporal resolution due to LST estimation error less than 1 K. However, the ESTARFM method is also limited in predicting LST changes that have not been recorded in MODIS and/or ASTER pixels. C1 [Yang, Guijun; Sun, Chenhong; Zhao, Chunjiang] Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Beijing Res Ctr Informat Technol Agr, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China. [Weng, Qihao] S China Normal Univ, Sch Geog, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Weng, Qihao] Indiana State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Syst, Ctr Urban & Environm Change, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA. [Pu, Ruiliang] Univ S Florida, Sch Geosci, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Gao, Feng] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Li, Hua] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100010, Peoples R China. RP Yang, GJ (reprint author), Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Beijing Res Ctr Informat Technol Agr, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China. EM guijun.yang@163.com; qweng@indstate.edu; rpu@usf.edu; feng.gao@ars.usda.gov; sunch@163.com; lihua@irsa.ac.cn; zhaocj@nercita.org.cn RI rslab, hiwater/O-7037-2015; OI Weng, Qihao/0000-0002-2498-0934 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [41271345]; Beijing Natural Science Foundation [4141001]; National High Technology Research and Development Program of China [2013AA102303]; Special Funds for Technology innovation capacity building - Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences [KJCX20140417] FX This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (41271345), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (4141001), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2013AA102303) and the Special Funds for Technology innovation capacity building sponsored by the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (KJCX20140417). We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and recommendations. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 28 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 8 IS 1 AR UNSP 75 DI 10.3390/rs8010075 PG 25 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA DC8UF UT WOS:000369494500001 ER PT J AU Sawhney, P Reynolds, M Allen, C Slopek, R Condon, B AF Sawhney, Paul Reynolds, Michael Allen, Chuck Slopek, Ryan Condon, Brian TI Progressive and cumulative fabric effects of multiple hydroentangling impacts at different water pressures on greige cotton substrate SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE greige cotton lint substrate; high (hydroentangling) water pressure; multiple hydroentanglements (impacts); calculated hydro energy; nonwoven fabrics; fabric properties AB A three-part practical study was conducted on a commercial-grade hydroentanglement system to determine the progressive and cumulative fabric effects of multiple hydroentangling impacts at three different high (hydroentangling) water pressures (HWPs) on classical properties of the resulting nonwoven fabrics made with a substrate of commercially cleaned greige cotton lint. In the first part of the study, the progressive and cumulative effects of a series of four hydroentangling passes (equal to eight hydroentangling exposures or impacts) were studied at a relatively low HWP of 65 bars. In the second and third parts, the progressive and cumulative effects of multiple hydroentanglements at relatively higher HWP(s) of 90 bars and 130 bars were studied. The hydroentangling energy required for the various fabrics (made with the different HWPs and number of hydroentangling passes or impacts) was calculated to assess the overall impact of the energy on the fabric properties. The study has shown that each successive hydroentangling pass and each elevated HWP generally resulted in decreased fabric weight, thickness and air permeability and increased fabric whiteness and water absorbency. The tensile properties of the fabrics, in both the machine direction (MD) and the cross direction (CD), generally increased progressively with each successive hydroentangling pass at the low HWP of 65 bars, but this trend, especially in the CD, was not pronounced at the HWPs of 90 bars and 130 bars, perhaps indicating the attainment of optimum hydroentanglements and hence of tensile properties in the first pass alone at the higher HWPs. The hydro energy imparted to formation of the various fabrics made with the above stated process parameters of interest have shown that the two or four passes of the substrate at the low 65-bar HWP required less energy and yielded greater fabric absorbency compared to the one or two passes of the substrate at (twice) the HWP of 130 bars. On the other hand, only one pass of the substrate at 90 bars and 130 bars yielded greater tensile strength with reduced energy requirement, compared to the four passes at 65 bars. These results show that, depending on the required or preferred fabric properties, the stated hydroentangling process parameters can be considerably manipulated to achieve efficient hydroentanglement and improved energy efficiency. C1 [Sawhney, Paul; Reynolds, Michael; Allen, Chuck; Slopek, Ryan; Condon, Brian] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Agr Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Sawhney, P (reprint author), USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Agr Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM ap.singh@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture [6435-41000-094-00D] FX The authors thank the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture for providing the necessary support for the research conducted under the In-House Project No. 6435-41000-094-00D. They would also like to thank their coworkers, Lucien Duplessis, Adrian Mejia, Pablo Salame, and Farrell Screen, for their significant "hands on" assistance in conducting the various fiber and fabric processing tasks involved in the research presented here. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 EI 1746-7748 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 86 IS 2 BP 145 EP 154 DI 10.1177/0040517515580517 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA DD5WS UT WOS:000369996000004 ER PT J AU Nam, S Slopek, R Wolf, D Warnock, M Condon, BD Sawhney, P Gbur, E Reynolds, M Allen, C AF Nam, Sunghyun Slopek, Ryan Wolf, Duane Warnock, Mary Condon, Brian D. Sawhney, Paul Gbur, Edward Reynolds, Michael Allen, Chuck TI Comparison of biodegradation of low-weight hydroentangled raw cotton nonwoven fabric and that of commonly used disposable nonwoven fabrics in aerobic Captina silt loam soil SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydroentangled nonwoven; biodegradation; first-order kinetics; raw cotton; wipes ID DEGRADATION; CELLULOSE; TEXTILES; FIBERS; TEMPERATURE; POLYLACTIDE AB The increasing use of synthetic disposable nonwoven products generates a large amount of non-biodegradable solid waste. In an effort to enhance the use of raw cotton in nonwoven wipes applications, this study compares the biodegradation of low-weight nonwoven fabrics (around 50 g/m(2)) made of mechanically pre-cleaned raw cotton, rayon, polypropylene (PP), and polylactic acid (PLA) in a Captina silt loam soil. The biodegradation rates of raw cotton and rayon fabrics were fitted to the first-order kinetics model with half-life values of 12.6 and 7.6 days, respectively. The slightly faster disintegration of cellulose structure for rayon was confirmed by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) spectra, and distinct morphological changes in the fiber (cracks and breakage were prevalent in raw cotton, whereas the thinning and merging of fibers occurred in rayon) were observed during their biodegradation. PLA and PP nonwoven fabrics exhibited no weight loss during the burial periods studied, but showed some evidence of oxidation in ATR-FTIR spectra. The breaking and burst strengths of PLA fabric decreased by 45% and 23% of the original strengths, respectively, while neither significantly decreased in PP fabric. The results suggest that mixing raw cotton or rayon low-weight nonwoven wastes with surface soil provides an alternative disposal method, but this land application could not be recommended for PLA and PP nonwoven wastes. C1 [Nam, Sunghyun; Slopek, Ryan; Condon, Brian D.; Sawhney, Paul; Reynolds, Michael; Allen, Chuck] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Wolf, Duane; Warnock, Mary; Gbur, Edward] Univ Arkansas, Dale Bumpers Coll Agr Food & Life Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Condon, BD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM brian.condon@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 EI 1746-7748 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 86 IS 2 BP 155 EP 166 DI 10.1177/0040517514551468 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA DD5WS UT WOS:000369996000005 ER PT J AU Dumlupinar, Z Jellen, EN Bonman, JM Jackson, EW AF Dumlupinar, Ziya Jellen, Eric N. Bonman, J. Michael Jackson, Eric W. TI Genetic diversity and crown rust resistance of oat landraces from various locations throughout Turkey SO TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Crown rust; geographical distribution; landraces; microsatellites; oat; population structure ID AVENA-SATIVA L.; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; PUCCINIA-CORONATA; AFLP MARKERS; CULTIVARS; WHEAT; SSR AB A diversity study was carried out to genetically characterize 375 oat landraces (Avena sativa L. and Avena byzantina K. Koch) collected from Turkey and preserved in different gene banks. New assays interrogating oat-based microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphism loci were used to characterize the landraces. The assays interrogated 176 alleles at 68 loci with an average of 4.5 alleles per locus. The polymorphism information content of the simple sequence repeats was relatively high with a mean value of 0.76. The first two principal components from the principal component analysis (PCA) separated two groups of accessions and explained 9.3% of the variation in the marker data. When the accessions were divided into two groups based on the first two principal components, the geographic origin matched well with the PCA grouping. Similarly, when classified by plant growth habit, the spring types originated mostly from the highlands of East Anatolia and from inner Anatolia. A heat map constructed based on marker data corresponded to province of origins of the landraces. The landraces with the geographical information are clustered into three major groups based on growth habit: winter, spring, or facultative. Population structure analysis also detected two subpopulations based on allele frequency and indicated a similar grouping with diversity analysis. Crown rust suggested that most of the lines did not contain major resistance genes. Of the landraces tested, only one (TL214) was considered resistant. Overall, this study has provided genetic characterization of unique germplasm from the center of oat domestication, which will be useful to oat breeding programs. C1 [Dumlupinar, Ziya] Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. [Jellen, Eric N.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Bonman, J. Michael] ARS, USDA, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID USA. [Jackson, Eric W.] Wheat Innovat Ctr, Gen Mills Crop Biosci, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Dumlupinar, Z (reprint author), Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. EM zdumlupinar@ksu.edu.tr NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY PI ANKARA PA ATATURK BULVARI NO 221, KAVAKLIDERE, ANKARA, 00000, TURKEY SN 1300-011X EI 1303-6173 J9 TURK J AGRIC FOR JI Turk. J. Agric. For. PY 2016 VL 40 IS 2 BP 262 EP + DI 10.3906/tar-1509-43 PG 21 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA DD1XA UT WOS:000369715200015 ER PT J AU Moura, VMBD Susta, L Cardenas-Garcia, S Stanton, JB Miller, PJ Afonso, CL Brown, CC AF Moura, V. M. B. D. Susta, L. Cardenas-Garcia, S. Stanton, J. B. Miller, P. J. Afonso, C. L. Brown, C. C. TI Neuropathogenic Capacity of Lentogenic, Mesogenic, and Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Strains in Day-Old Chickens SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Newcastle disease; APMV-1; brain; histopathology; immunohistochemistry; neuropathogenesis; ICPI; chicken ID CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; DOMESTIC CHICKENS; PATHOGENESIS; VIRULENCE; PATHOGENICITY; EFFICACY; CLEAVAGE; AMERICA AB Strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) have different abilities to elicit neurologic signs. To determine the capacity of different NDV strains to replicate and cause lesions in the brain, independently of their peripheral replication, 1-day-old chickens were inoculated in the subdural space with 7 NDV strains of different virulence (4 velogenic, 2 mesogenic, 1 lentogenic). Velogenic strains induced severe necrotizing and heterophilic ventriculitis and meningitis, as well as edema of the neuroparenchyma, and replicated extensively in the nervous tissue by day 2 postinfection, as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, when all infected birds died. Clinical signs, microscopic lesions, and viral replication were delayed (days 3 and 4 postinfection) with mesogenic strains. Velogenic and mesogenic NDV strains replicated mainly in neurons, and immunolabeling was first detected in surface-oriented areas (peri-ventricular and submeningeal), possibly as a reflection of the inoculation route. The lentogenic NDV strain did not cause death of infected birds; replication was confined to the epithelium of the ependyma and choroid plexuses; and lesions consisted of lymphoid aggregates limited to the choroid plexuses. Results show that extensive NDV replication in the brain is typical of velogenic and mesogenic, but not lentogenic, NDV strains. In addition, this study suggests that differences in the rate of NDV replication in nervous tissue, not differences in neurotropism, differentiate velogenic from mesogenic NDV strains. This study indicates that intracerebral inoculation might be used as an effective method to study the mechanisms of NDV neuropathogenesis. C1 [Moura, V. M. B. D.] Univ Fed Goias, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sci, Anim Pathol, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Susta, L.; Cardenas-Garcia, S.; Miller, P. J.; Afonso, C. L.] ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Susta, L.] Univ Guelph, Ontario Vet Coll, Dept Pathobiol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Moura, V. M. B. D.; Stanton, J. B.; Brown, C. C.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA USA. RP Moura, VMBD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM claudio.afonso@ars.usda.gov RI Stanton, James/A-5277-2011 OI Stanton, James/0000-0002-7661-2631 FU Agricultural Research Service and Current Research Information System of the US Department of Agriculture [6040-32000-064]; scholarship from Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Federal University of Goias, Brazil FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was supported by the Agricultural Research Service and Current Research Information System of the US Department of Agriculture (6040-32000-064). V.M.B.D.M. was supported by a scholarship from Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) and by the Federal University of Goias, Brazil. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0300-9858 EI 1544-2217 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 53 IS 1 BP 53 EP 64 DI 10.1177/0300985815600504 PG 12 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA DD0SM UT WOS:000369629800007 PM 26395462 ER PT J AU Formetta, G Capparelli, G David, O Green, TR Rigon, R AF Formetta, Giuseppe Capparelli, Giovanna David, Olaf Green, Timothy R. Rigon, Riccardo TI Integration of a Three-Dimensional Process-Based Hydrological Model into the Object Modeling System SO WATER LA English DT Article DE watershed model; environmental modeling framework; automatic calibration; software integration ID JGRASS-NEWAGE SYSTEM; DISTRIBUTED MODEL; FRAMEWORK; ENERGY; BUDGETS; BASIN; WATER; TIME; FLOW; TERRAIN AB The integration of a spatial process model into an environmental modeling framework can enhance the model's capabilities. This paper describes a general methodology for integrating environmental models into the Object Modeling System (OMS) regardless of the model's complexity, the programming language, and the operating system used. We present the integration of the GEOtop model into the OMS version 3.0 and illustrate its application in a small watershed. OMS is an environmental modeling framework that facilitates model development, calibration, evaluation, and maintenance. It provides innovative techniques in software design such as multithreading, implicit parallelism, calibration and sensitivity analysis algorithms, and cloud-services. GEOtop is a physically based, spatially distributed rainfall-runoff model that performs three-dimensional finite volume calculations of water and energy budgets. Executing GEOtop as an OMS model component allows it to: (1) interact directly with the open-source geographical information system (GIS) uDig-JGrass to access geo-processing, visualization, and other modeling components; and (2) use OMS components for automatic calibration, sensitivity analysis, or meteorological data interpolation. A case study of the model in a semi-arid agricultural catchment is presented for illustration and proof-of-concept. Simulated soil water content and soil temperature results are compared with measured data, and model performance is evaluated using goodness-of-fit indices. This study serves as a template for future integration of process models into OMS. C1 [Formetta, Giuseppe] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 14th St, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Capparelli, Giovanna] Univ Calabria, Dept Informat Modeling Elect & Syst Engn, Arcavacata Campus, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [David, Olaf] Colorado State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Green, Timothy R.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Rigon, Riccardo] Univ Trento, Dept Civil Environm & Mech Engn, I-38123 Trento, Italy. RP Formetta, G (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 14th St, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM formetta@mines.edu; giovanna.capparelli@unical.it; odavid@colostate.edu; tim.green@ars.usda.gov; riccardo.rigon@ing.unitn.it RI Rigon, Riccardo/B-5395-2008; Formetta, Giuseppe/A-2905-2015 OI Rigon, Riccardo/0000-0002-7668-5806; Formetta, Giuseppe/0000-0002-0252-1462 FU Ambito/Settore AMBIENTE E SICUREZZA project [PON01_01503] FX This research was supported by the Ambito/Settore AMBIENTE E SICUREZZA (PON01_01503) project. Our special thanks go to Luis Garcia of the University of Vermont, formerly Head of the Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering at Colorado State University. Rob Erskine, USDA-ARS, assisted with collection and processing of the field data. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4441 J9 WATER-SUI JI Water PD JAN PY 2016 VL 8 IS 1 AR 12 DI 10.3390/w8010012 PG 15 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA DC9AO UT WOS:000369512800012 ER PT J AU Haukisalmi, V Hardman, LM Fedorov, VB Hoberg, EP Henttonen, H AF Haukisalmi, Voitto Hardman, Lotta M. Fedorov, Vadim B. Hoberg, Eric P. Henttonen, Heikki TI Molecular systematics and Holarctic phylogeography of cestodes of the genus Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923 s. s. (Cyclophyllidea, Anoplocephalidae) in lemmings (Lemmus, Synaptomys) SO ZOOLOGICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA VARIATION; VOLE MICROTUS-OECONOMUS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; TAPEWORMS PLATYHELMINTHES; PARASITE DIVERSITY; SEQUENCE DATA; PHYLOGENY; ARVICOLINAE; HOST; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB The present molecular systematic and phylogeographic analysis is based on sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) (mtDNA) and 28S ribosomal DNA and includes 59 isolates of cestodes of the genus Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923 s. s. (Cyclophyllidea, Anoplocephalidae) from arvicoline rodents (lemmings and voles) in the Holarctic region. The emphasis is on Anoplocephaloides lemmi (Rausch 1952) parasitizing Lemmus trimucronatus and Lemmus sibiricus in the northern parts of North America and Arctic coast of Siberia, and Anoplocephaloides kontrimavichusi (Rausch 1976) parasitizing Synaptomys borealis in Alaska and British Columbia. The cox1 data, 28S data and their concatenated data all suggest that A. lemmi and A. kontrimavichusi are both non-monophyletic, each consisting of two separate, well-defined clades, that is independent species. As an example, the sister group of the clade 1 of A. lemmi, evidently representing the 'type clade' of this species, is the clade 1 of A. kontrimavichusi. For A. kontrimavichusi, it is not known which one is the type clade. There is also fairly strong evidence for the non-monophyly of Anoplocephaloides dentata (Galli-Valerio, 1905)-like species, although an earlier phylogeny suggested that this multi-species assemblage may be monophyletic. The results suggest a deep phylogenetic codivergence of Lemmus spp. and A. lemmi, primarily separating the two largely allopatric host and parasite species at the Kolyma River in east Siberia. There are also two allopatric sublineages within each main clade/species of A. lemmi and Lemmus, but the present distributions of the sublineages within the eastern L. trimucronatus and clade 1 of A. lemmi are not concordant. This discrepancy may be most parsimoniously explained by an extensive westward distributional shift of the easternmost parasite subclade. The results further suggest that the clade 1 of A. kontrimavichusi has diverged through a host shift from the precursor of L. trimucronatus to S. borealis. C1 [Haukisalmi, Voitto] Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist Luomus, P Rautatiekatu 13, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Hardman, Lotta M.] Murkelsvangen 6, Ekenas 10650, Finland. [Fedorov, Vadim B.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arct Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Hoberg, Eric P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, BARC East 1180,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20715 USA. [Henttonen, Heikki] Nat Resources Inst Finland Luke, Jokiniemenkuja 1, Vantaa 01370, Finland. RP Haukisalmi, V (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist Luomus, P Rautatiekatu 13, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. EM voitto.haukisalmi@helsinki.fi; lotta.hardman@gmail.com; vfedorov@alaska.edu; eric.hoberg@ars.usda.gov; heikki.henttonen@luke.fi FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0196095, 0415668]; Integrated Inventory of Biomes of the Arctic (NSF- DEB- Biodiversity Discovery and Analysis) [1258010]; Department of the Interior, US National Park Service; NSF PBI [0818696, 0818823] FX Most of the lemmings from the Arctic coast of Siberia and Canadian Arctic archipelago were collected during two international expeditions, that is the Swedish-Russian Tundra Ecology Expedition (1994) and the Tundra Northwest 1999 expedition, respectively, organized by the Swedish Polar Secretariat. We thank all members of these expeditions, and particularly K. Fredga, A. Angerbjorn and C. J. Krebs, for providing a unique lemming and parasite materials. In addition, C. J. Krebs and A. Kenney collected a considerable number of lemming intestines from the southern Victoria Island/Kent Peninsula region in Nunavut, Central Arctic, Canada, under extreme field conditions. Most of the lemmings and their cestodes from north-eastern Siberia and Alaska were collected in connection with the Beringian Coevolution Project (BCP), funded by the National Science Foundation (DEB 0196095 and 0415668), and planned and coordinated by Joseph A. Cook (University of New Mexico) and Eric P. Hoberg (United States National Parasite Collection). Our current investigations were further supported through funding of the Integrated Inventory of Biomes of the Arctic (NSF- DEB- Biodiversity Discovery and Analysis-1258010) to J. A. Cook, EPH, K.E. Galbreath (Northern Michigan University) and E. Dechaine (Western Washington University). Logistics for remote field collections in Alaska were also facilitated and funded by the Department of the Interior, US National Park Service. Collections in north-eastern Siberia were in part facilitated by colleagues of the Institute for Biological Problems of the North, Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan. Authors thank all members of various BCP crews for their invaluable efforts under harsh field conditions, especially acknowledging contributions by S. O. MacDonald, A. M. Runck, A. V. A. Koehler, K. E. Galbreath, A. Tsvetkova and N. E. Dokuchaev. For other materials, we acknowledge the help of the following collaborators and local experts: W. Bulmer, R. P. Eckerling, C. Feliu, A. L. Gardner, A. Gubanyi, I. K. Hanski, M. Jaarola, J. Laakkonen, A. Lavikainen and J. Niemimaa. V.H. has been supported by NSF PBI award Nos. 0818696 and 0818823. Sara Brant (Museum of Southwestern Biology) is thanked for help with the deposition of the voucher specimens. We further recognize and acknowledge the foundations for our current understanding of diversity among arvicoline tapeworms that emanated from the seminal studies of Robert L. Rausch and Viriginia R. Rausch who in many ways set the stage for taxonomic explorations of hosts and parasites across the expanse of Beringia. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0300-3256 EI 1463-6409 J9 ZOOL SCR JI Zool. Scr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 88 EP 102 DI 10.1111/zsc.12136 PG 15 WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology GA DD7AG UT WOS:000370075400007 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, N Dwyer, J Terry, A Moshfegh, A Johnson, C AF Ahluwalia, Namanjeet Dwyer, Johanna Terry, Ana Moshfegh, Alanna Johnson, Clifford TI Update on NHANES Dietary Data: Focus on Collection, Release, Analytical Considerations, and Uses to Inform Public Policy SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE dietary assessment; epidemiology; nutritional surveillance; public policy; nutrition databases; usual intake; nutrition policy ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; HEALTHY EATING INDEX-2005; INTAKE DISTRIBUTIONS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; 24-HOUR RECALL; ENERGY; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INSTRUMENTS; POPULATIONS AB NHANES is the cornerstone for national nutrition monitoring to inform nutrition and health policy. Nutritional assessment in NHANES is described with a focus on dietary data collection, analysis, and uses in nutrition monitoring. NHANES has been collecting thorough data on diet, nutritional status, and chronic disease in cross-sectional surveys with nationally representative samples since the early 1970s. Continuous data collection began in 1999 with public data release in 2-y cycles on; similar to 10,000 participants. In 2002, the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals and the NHANES dietary component weremerged, forming a consolidated dietary data collection known asWhatWe Eat in America; since then, 24-h recalls have been collected on 2 d using the USDA's Automated Multiple-Pass Method. Detailed and targeted food-frequency questionnaires have been collected in some NHANES cycles. Dietary supplement use data have been collected (in detail since 2007) so that total nutrient intakes can be described for the population. The continuous NHANES can adapt its content to address emerging public health needs and reflect federal priorities. Changes in data collection methods are made after expert input and validation/ crossover studies. NHANES dietary data are used to describe intake of foods, nutrients, food groups, and dietary patterns by the US population and large sociodemographic groups to plan and evaluate nutrition programs and policies. Usual dietary intake distributions can be estimated after adjusting for day-to-day variation. NHANES remains open and flexible to incorporate improvements while maintaining data quality and providing timely data to track the nation's nutrition and health status. In summary, NHANES collects dietary data in the context of its broad, multipurpose goals; the strengths and limitations of these data are also discussed in this review. C1 [Ahluwalia, Namanjeet; Terry, Ana; Johnson, Clifford] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Natl Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Dwyer, Johanna] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Moshfegh, Alanna] USDA, Food Surveys Res Grp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ahluwalia, N (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Natl Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey, Hyattsville, MD USA. EM n.ahluwalia@cdc.gov NR 70 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 BP 121 EP 134 DI 10.3945/an.115.009258 PG 14 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DC3HX UT WOS:000369111500012 PM 26773020 ER PT J AU Nicklas, TA Kleinman, RE Storey, ML AF Nicklas, Theresa A. Kleinman, Ronald E. Storey, Maureen L. TI Supplement-Science and Policy: Adopting a Fruitful Vegetable Encounter for Our Children Foreword SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID INFANTS C1 [Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kleinman, Ronald E.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Storey, Maureen L.] Alliance Potato Res & Educ, Mclean, VA USA. RP Nicklas, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tnicklas@bcm.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 BP 209S EP 210S DI 10.3945/an.115.011098 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DC3HX UT WOS:000369111500021 PM 26773028 ER PT J AU Nicklas, TA Liu, Y Islam, N O'Neil, CE AF Nicklas, Theresa A. Liu, Yan Islam, Noemi O'Neil, Carol E. TI Removing Potatoes from Children's Diets May Compromise Potassium Intake SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE potassium; fiber; nutrients; potatoes; vegetables; NHANES; statistical modeling ID TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; WHITE VEGETABLES; NUTRIENT INTAKE; UNITED-STATES; US ADULTS; FRUIT; RISK AB White potatoes are a forgotten source of nutrients. The goal of this study was to identify the nutritional implications of replacing a composite of white potatoes with a composite of vegetables commonly consumed by children aged 2-18 y (n = 3460) in a nationally representative sample. The NHANES 2005-2012 24-h dietary recall data were used to determine nutrient intake. Two replacement models were developed: one for potato consumers and another for those consuming vegetables other than potatoes. Analyses focused on 1) mean nutrient contributions per 1 cup equivalent vegetable composite (VC)/ potato composite (PC) consumed by participants, and 2) mean daily nutrient intake when the nutrients per 1 cup equivalent PC replaced the nutrients per 1 cup equivalent VC. Covariate adjusted analysis was tested for statistical significance (P < 0.002). When 1 cup equivalent VC replaced 1 cup equivalent PC, significantly lower mean intakes were found for 20 of the 23 nutrients studied and higher mean intakes of total sugars, folate, and calcium. Differences were found including higher total intakes of monounsaturated fatty acids and potassium and lower total intakes of vitamins A and K. The percentage contribution of the PC to total daily nutrient intake was 6% for total energy, 8% for total fat, 5% for saturated fatty acids, 13% for dietary fiber, 4% for sodium, and 11% for potassium. Both composites contributed a variety of nutrients to the total diet; the consumption of white potatoes may be an important strategy to help meet the potassium recommendation. C1 [Nicklas, Theresa A.; Liu, Yan; Islam, Noemi] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [O'Neil, Carol E.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Nutr & Food Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Nicklas, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tnicklas@bcm.edu FU USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine; Alliance for Potato Research and Education; USDA/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) [58-3092-5-001]; USDA Hatch Project [LAB 94209]; Alliance for Potato Research and Education (APRE) FX Published in a supplement to Advances in Nutrition. Presented at the Roundtable on Science and Policy: Adopting a Fruitful Vegetable Encounter for our Children. The roundtable was sponsored by the USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, and was held in Chicago, IL, 10-11 November 2014.; The roundtable and supplement publication were supported by an unrestricted grant from the Alliance for Potato Research and Education. The roundtable speakers received travel funding and an honorarium for participation in the meeting and manuscript preparation.; Supported in part by USDA/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) cooperative agreement 58-3092-5-001, USDA Hatch Project LAB 94209, and Alliance for Potato Research and Education (APRE). The contents of this review do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA; nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the US government. The views expressed are those of the authors. The funding agencies had no input into the study design or interpretation of the data. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 BP 247S EP 253S DI 10.3945/an.115.008680 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DC3HX UT WOS:000369111500026 PM 26773033 ER PT J AU Fisher, JO Dwyer, JT AF Fisher, Jennifer O. Dwyer, Johanna T. TI Next Steps for Science and Policy on Promoting Vegetable Consumption among US Infants and Young Children SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE infants and children; food acceptance; vegetable eating; consumption; barriers; nutrition policy ID ENCOURAGE FOOD ACCEPTANCE; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; WHITE VEGETABLES; UNITED-STATES; REPEATED EXPOSURE; FEEDING PRACTICES; SCHOOL STUDENTS; EARLY-CHILDHOOD; ENERGY-INTAKE; PEER MODELS AB Vegetables are an important part of a healthy diet for infants and young children, but they are poorly accepted and underconsumed. This paper highlights major themes and research needs for understanding how to raise children to consume and enjoy vegetables as part of a healthful diet. A range of factors impedes US infants and young children from eating as many vegetables as experts consider optimal for child nutrition, health, and development. Barriers include biological and behavioral issues relating to infant and child development, household-and family-related barriers, obstacles in the larger community, economic limitations, and some government policies and programs. These barriers must be removed to encourage children to eat more vegetables. Research gaps also must be filled. We summarize the basic and applied research that is needed to craft more effective messages, devise strategies for parents and other child caretakers to take within households, develop action in the larger community, and modify some government policies and programs. C1 [Fisher, Jennifer O.] Temple Univ, Ctr Obes Res & Educ, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Social & Behav Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Dwyer, JT (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA.; Dwyer, JT (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM dwyerj1@od.nih.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine; Alliance for Potato Research and Education FX Published in a supplement to Advances in Nutrition. Presented at the Roundtable on Science and Policy: Adopting a Fruitful Vegetable Encounter for Our Children. The roundtable was sponsored by the USDA Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, and was held in Chicago, IL, 10-11 November 2014. The roundtable and supplement publication were supported by an unrestricted grant from the Alliance for Potato Research and Education. The roundtable speakers received travel funding and an honorarium for participation in the meeting and manuscript preparation. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 BP 261S EP 271S DI 10.3945/an.115.009332 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DC3HX UT WOS:000369111500028 PM 26773035 ER PT J AU Fitzpatrick, K Greenhalgh-Stanley, N Ploeg, MV AF Fitzpatrick, Katie Greenhalgh-Stanley, Nadia Ploeg, Michele Ver TI The Impact of Food Deserts on Food Insufficiency and SNAP Participation among the Elderly SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Food deserts; food environment; food sufficiency; elderly; Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program ID STAMP PROGRAM; UNITED-STATES; STORE ACCESS; INSECURITY; INCOME; NUTRITION; FAMILIES; BENEFITS; PRICES; FRUIT AB Residents of neighborhoods with limited access to grocery stores may face barriers to obtaining adequate food for a healthy diet. Low-income elderly may be uniquely affected by these so-called "food deserts" due to limited transportation options, strong attachments to local neighborhoods, fixed incomes, and physical limitations for food shopping. Using 2006 and 2010 Health and Retirement Study data linked to census tract-level measures of food deserts, this study measures whether living in a food desert affects food and material hardship, participation in food assistance programs, and the food spending of elderly adults. In both cross-sectional and fixed effects regressions of elderly residents of urban counties, we find little evidence that living in a food desert affects these outcomes. We find, however, that individuals residing in a food desert without a vehicle are 12 percentage points more likely to report food insufficiency. Those SNAP recipients living in food deserts are 11 percentage points more likely to receive subsidized meals, while nonparticipants in food deserts and SNAP recipients outside of food deserts are less likely to receive subsidized meals. Our findings suggest that seniors without vehicles and SNAP recipients in food deserts may be the most vulnerable to limited food store access. C1 [Fitzpatrick, Katie] Seattle Univ, Econ, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. [Greenhalgh-Stanley, Nadia] Kent State Univ, Econ, Kent, OH USA. [Ploeg, Michele Ver] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Fitzpatrick, K (reprint author), Seattle Univ, Econ, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. EM fitzpatk@seattleu.edu FU Kent State University [58-4000-1-0021]; USDA ERS [58-4000-1-0021] FX The authors thank Brian Roe, Ron Cheung, three anonymous reviewers, and participants at the 2013 Western Economic Association International Meetings for numerous helpful comments and suggestions. The authors are grateful to Shawn Rohlin for converting Dun & Bradstreet restaurant and store data to census tracts. Greenhalgh-Stanley gratefully acknowledges financial support through Cooperative Agreement No. 58-4000-1-0021 between Kent State University and the USDA ERS. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of ERS or USDA. Correspondence may be sent to: fitzpatk@seattleu.edu. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 27 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 EI 1467-8276 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 98 IS 1 BP 19 EP 40 DI 10.1093/ajae/aav044 PG 22 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA DC3AC UT WOS:000369090400002 ER PT J AU Manjarin, R Columbus, DA Suryawan, A Nguyen, HV Hernandez-Garcia, AD Hoang, NM Fiorotto, ML Davis, T AF Manjarin, Rodrigo Columbus, Daniel A. Suryawan, Agus Nguyen, Hanh V. Hernandez-Garcia, Adriana D. Nguyet-Minh Hoang Fiorotto, Marta L. Davis, Teresa TI Leucine supplementation of a chronically restricted protein and energy diet enhances mTOR pathway activation but not muscle protein synthesis in neonatal pigs SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Article DE Leucine; Premature infant; Muscle; Synthesis ID INSULIN-SIGNALING PATHWAY; AMINO-ACID AVAILABILITY; BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; BODY-COMPOSITION; TRANSLATION INITIATION; DEVELOPMENTAL-CHANGES; PRETERM INFANTS; GROWTH; STIMULATION AB Suboptimal nutrient intake represents a limiting factor for growth and long-term survival of low-birth weight infants. The objective of this study was to determine if in neonates who can consume only 70 % of their protein and energy requirements for 8 days, enteral leucine supplementation will upregulate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in skeletal muscle, leading to an increase in protein synthesis and muscle anabolism. Nineteen 4-day-old piglets were fed by gastric tube 1 of 3 diets, containing (kg body weight(-1).day(-1)) 16 g protein and 190 kcal (CON), 10.9 g protein and 132 kcal (R), or 10.8 g protein + 0.2 % leucine and 136 kcal (RL) at 4-h intervals for 8 days. On day 8, plasma AA and insulin levels were measured during 6 post-feeding intervals, and muscle protein synthesis rate and mTOR signaling proteins were determined at 120 min post-feeding. At 120 min, leucine was highest in RL (P < 0.001), whereas insulin, isoleucine and valine were lower in RL and R compared to CON (P < 0.001). Compared to RL and R, the CON diet increased (P < 0.01) body weight, protein synthesis, phosphorylation of S6 kinase (p-S6K1) and 4E-binding protein (p-4EBP1), and activation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4 complex (eIF4E.eIF4G). RL increased (P <= 0.01) p-S6K1, p-4EBP1 and eIF4E.eIF4G compared to R. In conclusion, when protein and energy intakes are restricted for 8 days, leucine supplementation increases muscle mTOR activation, but does not improve body weight gain or enhance skeletal muscle protein synthesis in neonatal pigs. C1 [Manjarin, Rodrigo; Columbus, Daniel A.; Suryawan, Agus; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Hernandez-Garcia, Adriana D.; Nguyet-Minh Hoang; Fiorotto, Marta L.; Davis, Teresa] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Davis, T (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tdavis@bcm.edu FU National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [AR-044474, AR-46308]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD-072891]; United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Agriculture [2013-67015-20438]; USDA/ARS [6250-510000-055] FX The work was supported by National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Grants AR-044474 (Davis) and AR-46308 (Fiorotto), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development HD-072891 (Davis), United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Agriculture grant 2013-67015-20438 (Davis), and by the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement no. 6250-510000-055 (Davis). This work is a publication of the USDA, Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or politics of the USDA, nor does the mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 7 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0939-4451 EI 1438-2199 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD JAN PY 2016 VL 48 IS 1 BP 257 EP 267 DI 10.1007/s00726-015-2078-y PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DC6CH UT WOS:000369306900023 PM 26334346 ER PT J AU Wright, EC Miles, JR Lents, CA Rempel, LA AF Wright, Elane C. Miles, Jeremy R. Lents, Clay A. Rempel, Lea A. TI Uterine and placenta characteristics during early vascular development in the pig from day 22 to 42 of gestation SO ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Placenta development; Microfold; Necrotic tip; Pig; Reproduction ID CONCEPTUS DEVELOPMENT; UMBILICAL CHARACTERISTICS; OVULATION RATE; FETAL FLUIDS; CAPACITY; GROWTH; SPACE; SWINE; ELONGATION; SURVIVAL AB Insufficient placenta development is one of the primary causes of fetal death and reduced fetal growth after 35 days of gestation. Between day 22 and 42 the placenta consists of a central highly vascular placenta (HVP), adjacent to the fetus, a less vascular placenta (LVP), on either side of the fetus, and necrotic tips (NT). The objective of this study was to comprehensively evaluate uterine-placenta characteristics during early gestation in the gilt and determine time points and physiological changes. Gilts (n = 25) were artificially inseminated at first detection of estrus (day 0) and 24 h later, and harvested at 22, 27, 32, 37 or 42 days of gestation. Litter size, 12.1 +/- 3.4, was similar for all days of gestation. Fetal and placenta weight increased with day of gestation. The greatest increase in placenta weight occurred between 37 and 42 days of gestation. The LVP zones had no measurable fold formation until day 27. Necrotic tips became apparent after 27 days of gestation. Unoccupied areas of the uterus developed folds with changes in endometrial cell size and morphology from day 32 to 42 of gestation. Limited changes occurred in either fetal growth or placenta weight from day 27 through 32 of gestation; however, significant morphological changes occur at the maternal-fetal interface, demonstrating the dynamic architecture of the developing porcine placenta during early gestation. This work establishes fundamental time points in placenta development corresponding to fetal growth and microfold formation that may influence fetal growth and impact fetal survival. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wright, Elane C.; Miles, Jeremy R.; Lents, Clay A.; Rempel, Lea A.] ARS, USDA, USMARC, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Wright, EC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USMARC, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM elane.wright@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4320 EI 1873-2232 J9 ANIM REPROD SCI JI Anim. Reprod. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 164 BP 14 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.11.002 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology GA DC9TC UT WOS:000369562900003 PM 26608933 ER PT J AU Ramirez-Carvajal, L Singh, N de los Santos, T Rodriguez, LL Long, CR AF Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth Singh, Neetu de los Santos, Teresa Rodriguez, Luis L. Long, Charles R. TI Depletion of elongation initiation factor 4E binding proteins by CRISPR/Cas9 enhances the antiviral response in porcine cells SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CRISPR/Cas9; 4E-BPI knockout; Interferon; Pig cells ID MICE LACKING; RNA; 4E-BP1; TRANSLATION; REGULATOR; FAMILY; TARGET; GROWTH; IRF-7 AB Type I interferons (IFNs) are key mediators of the innate antiviral response in mammalian cells. Elongation initiation factor 4E binding proteins (4E-BPs) are translational controllers of interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF-7), the "master regulator" of IFN transcription. Previous studies have suggested that mouse cells depleted of 4E-BPs are more sensitive to IFN beta treatment and had lower viral loads as compared to wild type (WT) cells. However, such approach has not been tested as an antiviral strategy in livestock species. In this study, we tested the antiviral activity of porcine cells depleted of 4E-BP1 by a Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein-9 nuclease (Cas9) genome engineering system. We found that 4E-BPI knockout (MO) porcine cells had increased expression of IFN alpha and beta, IFN stimulated genes, and significant reduction in vesicular stomatitis virus titer as compare to WT cells. No phenotypical changes associated with CRISPR/Cas9 manipulation were observed in 4E-BPI MO cells. This work highlights the use of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to enhance the antiviral response in porcine cells. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth; Singh, Neetu; Long, Charles R.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, College Stn, TX USA. [Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth; de los Santos, Teresa; Rodriguez, Luis L.] ARS, PIADC, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Greenport, NY USA. [Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth] ORISE, PIADC, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, NAA, USDA, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Ramirez-Carvajal, L (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, College Stn, TX USA.; Ramirez-Carvajal, L (reprint author), ARS, PIADC, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Greenport, NY USA.; Ramirez-Carvajal, L (reprint author), ORISE, PIADC, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA.; Ramirez-Carvajal, L (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, NAA, USDA, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM Lisbeth.ramirez@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [1940-32000-057-00D]; ARS [HSHQDC-11-X-00189]; Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-11-X-00189]; Texas AgriLife Research; Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS#1940-32000-057-00D, by an interagency agreement between ARS and the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Award Number HSHQDC-11-X-00189 and Texas AgriLife Research and Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory Exceptional Item Funding Grant. L. Ramirez-Carvajal was a participant in the PIADC Research Participation Program administered by ORISE, and Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Student Grant Program. We thank Hanah Georges and Raena Furtado for technical assistance. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 EI 1872-9096 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 125 BP 8 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.11.002 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA DC4PX UT WOS:000369203900002 PM 26592975 ER PT J AU Li, P Zhu, J Hu, H Guo, Z Pan, Y Birdsey, R Fang, J AF Li, P. Zhu, J. Hu, H. Guo, Z. Pan, Y. Birdsey, R. Fang, J. TI The relative contributions of forest growth and areal expansion to forest biomass carbon SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID WORLDS FORESTS; CHINA FORESTS; SINKS; ECOSYSTEMS; IDENTITY; STORAGE; CLIMATE AB Forests play a leading role in regional and global terrestrial carbon (C) cycles. Changes in C sequestration within forests can be attributed to areal expansion (increase in forest area) and forest growth (increase in biomass density). Detailed assessment of the relative contributions of areal expansion and forest growth to C sinks is crucial to reveal the mechanisms that control forest C sinks and it is helpful for developing sustainable forest management policies in the face of climate change. Using the Forest Identity concept and forest inventory data, this study quantified the spatial and temporal changes in the relative contributions of forest areal expansion and increased biomass growth to China's forest biomass C sinks from 1977 to 2008. Over the last 30 years, the areal expansion of forests has been a larger contributor to C sinks than forest growth for planted forests in China (62.2% vs. 37.8 %). However, for natural forests, forest growth has made a larger contribution than areal expansion (60.4% vs. 39.6 %). For all forests (planted and natural forests), growth in area and density has contributed equally to the total C sinks of forest biomass in China (50.4% vs. 49.6 %). The relative contribution of forest growth of planted forests showed an increasing trend from an initial 25.3% to 61.0% in the later period of 1998 to 2003, but for natural forests, the relative contributions were variable without clear trends, owing to the drastic changes in forest area and biomass density over the last 30 years. Our findings suggest that afforestation will continue to increase the C sink of China's forests in the future, subject to sustainable forest growth after the establishment of plantations. C1 [Li, P.; Zhu, J.; Guo, Z.; Fang, J.] Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Dept Ecol, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Li, P.; Zhu, J.; Guo, Z.; Fang, J.] Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Surface Proc, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Hu, H.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Guo, Z.] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Satellite Meteorol Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Pan, Y.; Birdsey, R.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Fang, J (reprint author), Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Dept Ecol, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.; Fang, J (reprint author), Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Surface Proc, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM jyfang@urban.pku.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31321061, 31330012]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA05050300]; US Forest Service [07-JV-11242300-117]; State Forestry Administration of China [2013-R13] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 31321061 and 31330012), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA05050300), the US Forest Service (07-JV-11242300-117), and the State Forestry Administration of China (2013-R13). NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 BP 375 EP 388 DI 10.5194/bg-13-375-2016 PG 14 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DC9ES UT WOS:000369524500002 ER PT J AU Shen, W Jenerette, GD Hui, D Scott, RL AF Shen, W. Jenerette, G. D. Hui, D. Scott, R. L. TI Precipitation legacy effects on dryland ecosystem carbon fluxes: direction, magnitude and biogeochemical carryovers SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SOIL-WATER DYNAMICS; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; PATAGONIAN STEPPE; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; RAINFALL VARIABILITY; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY AB The precipitation legacy effect, defined as the impact of historical precipitation (PPT) on extant ecosystem dynamics, has been recognized as an important driver in shaping the temporal variability of dryland aboveground net primary production (ANPP) and soil respiration. How the PPT legacy influences whole ecosystem-level carbon (C) fluxes has rarely been quantitatively assessed, particularly at longer temporal scales. We parameterized a process-based ecosystem model to a semiarid savanna ecosystem in the southwestern USA, calibrated and evaluated the model performance based on 7 years of eddy-covariance measurements, and conducted two sets of simulation experiments to assess inter-decadal and interannual PPT legacy effects over a 30-year simulation period. The results showed that decreasing the previous period/year PPT (dry legacy) always increased subsequent net ecosystem production (NEP) whereas increasing the previous period/year PPT (wet legacy) decreased NEP. The simulated dry-legacy impacts mostly increased subsequent gross ecosystem production (GEP) and reduced ecosystem respiration (R-e), but the wet legacy mostly reduced GEP and increased R-e. Although the direction and magnitude of GEP and R-e responses to the simulated dry and wet legacies were influenced by both the previous and current PPT conditions, the NEP responses were predominantly determined by the previous PPT characteristics including rainfall amount, seasonality and event size distribution. Larger PPT difference between periods/years resulted in larger legacy impacts, with dry legacies fostering more C sequestration and wet legacies more C release. The carryover of soil N between periods/years was mainly responsible for the GEP responses, while the carryovers of plant biomass, litter and soil organic matter were mainly responsible for the R-e responses. These simulation results suggest that previous PPT conditions can exert substantial legacy impacts on current ecosystem C balance, which should be taken into account while assessing the response of dryland ecosystem C dynamics to future PPT regime changes. C1 [Shen, W.] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Ecol & Environm Sci, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Jenerette, G. D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Conservat Biol, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hui, D.] Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Scott, R. L.] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Shen, W (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Ecol & Environm Sci, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM shenweij@scbg.ac.cn RI Shen, Weijun/G-2942-2010; OI Shen, Weijun/0000-0001-7574-8839; Hui, Dafeng/0000-0002-5284-2897 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [31130011, 31425005, 31290222]; Major State Basic Research Development Program (973 Planning Program) [2011CB403206]; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China [S2012020011084]; US Department of Energy AmeriFlux Office [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Southwest Watershed Research Center (SWRC) and the Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET) for making their meteorological data open to access. W. Shen acknowledges the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of China (31130011, 31425005 and 31290222), the Major State Basic Research Development Program (973 Planning Program 2011CB403206), and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (S2012020011084). Partial funding for the Santa Rita mesquite savanna eddy-covariance site is provided by the US Department of Energy AmeriFlux Office (grant DE-AC02-05CH11231). NR 84 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 12 U2 42 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 BP 425 EP 439 DI 10.5194/bg-13-425-2016 PG 15 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DC9ES UT WOS:000369524500006 ER PT J AU Shittu, I Zhu, ZY Lu, YQ Hutcheson, JM Stice, SL West, FD Donadeu, M Dungu, B Fadly, AM Zavala, G Ferguson-Noel, N Afonso, CL AF Shittu, Ismaila Zhu, Ziying Lu, Yangqing Hutcheson, Jessica M. Stice, Steven L. West, Franklin D. Donadeu, Meritxell Dungu, Baptiste Fadly, Aly M. Zavala, Guillermo Ferguson-Noel, Naola Afonso, Claudio L. TI Development, characterization and optimization of a new suspension chicken-induced pluripotent cell line for the production of Newcastle disease vaccine SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE Newcastle disease virus; Vaccine production; Suspension cell culture; Chicken-induced pluripotent cell; Serum free medium ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; AVIAN-LEUKOSIS VIRUS; SERUM-FREE MEDIA; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; STEM-CELLS; SCALABLE EXPANSION; VERO CELLS; CULTURE; INFECTION; MYCOPLASMAS AB Traditionally, substrates for production of viral poultry vaccines have been embryonated eggs or adherent primary cell cultures. The difficulties and cost involved in scaling up these substrates in cases of increased demand have been a limitation for vaccine production. Here, we assess the ability of a newly developed chicken-induced pluripotent cell line, BA3, to support replication and growth of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) LaSota vaccine strain. The characteristics and growth profile of the cells were also investigated. BA3 cells could grow in suspension in different media to a high density of up to 7.0 x 10(6) cells/mL and showed rapid proliferation with doubling time of 21 h. Upon infection, a high virus titer of 1.02 x 10(8) EID50/mL was obtained at 24 h post infection using a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5. In addition, the cell line was shown to be free of endogenous and exogenous Avian Leukosis viruses, Reticuloendotheliosis virus, Fowl Adenovirus, Marek's disease virus, and several Mycoplasma species. In conclusion, BA3 cell line is potentially an excellent candidate for vaccine production due to its highly desirable industrially friendly characteristics of growing to high cell density and capability of growth in serum free medium. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The International Alliance for Biological Standardization. C1 [Shittu, Ismaila; Afonso, Claudio L.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Zhu, Ziying; Lu, Yangqing] Guangxi Univ, Anim Reprod Inst, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Ziying; Lu, Yangqing; Hutcheson, Jessica M.; Stice, Steven L.; West, Franklin D.] Univ Georgia, Regenerat Biosci Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Zhu, Ziying; Lu, Yangqing; Hutcheson, Jessica M.; Stice, Steven L.; West, Franklin D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Donadeu, Meritxell; Dungu, Baptiste] GALVmed, Pentlands Sci Pk, Edinburgh EH26 0PZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Fadly, Aly M.] ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, USDA, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Zavala, Guillermo; Ferguson-Noel, Naola] Univ Georgia, Dept Populat Hlth, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Shittu, Ismaila] Natl Inst Vet Res, Div Virol, Reg Lab Anim Influenza & Other Transboundary Anim, PMB 01 Vom, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria. [Donadeu, Meritxell] Univ Melbourne, 250 Princes Highway, Werribee, Vic 3030, Australia. [Dungu, Baptiste] MCI Sante Anim, Lot 157,Zone Ind Sud Ouest,BP 278, Mohammadia 28810, Morocco. [Zavala, Guillermo] Avian Hlth Int LLC, Suite M 135,3446 Winder Hwy, Flowery Branch, GA 30542 USA. RP Afonso, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM claudio.afonso@ars.usda.gov OI Shittu, Ismaila/0000-0002-2977-9578 FU GALVmed, Edinburgh; USDA CRIS [6612-32000-064-00D, 5050-32000-016-00D] FX The authors would like to Dr. Jody Mays and Dawn Williams-Coplin for their excellent technical assistance. This work was supported by GALVmed, Edinburgh, and by USDA CRIS projects 6612-32000-064-00D and 5050-32000-016-00D. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 EI 1095-8320 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD JAN PY 2016 VL 44 IS 1 BP 24 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2015.09.002 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DC8IW UT WOS:000369464100004 PM 26586283 ER PT J AU Zhang, JJ Serra, S Leisso, RS Musacchi, S AF Zhang, Jingjin Serra, Sara Leisso, Rachel S. Musacchi, Stefano TI Effect of light microclimate on the quality of 'd'Anjou' pears in mature open-centre tree architecture SO BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Photosynthetically active radiation; Light measurement system; Light penetration; Fruit quality; Fruit maturity ID APPLE FRUIT SIZE; RIPENING CAPACITY; DELICIOUS APPLE; POSTHARVEST LIFE; CANOPY POSITION; HARVEST DATE; COMICE PEARS; ANJOU PEAR; GROWTH; ETHYLENE AB Light availability within trees is an important factor for canopy and fruit development as light drives photosynthetic processes. The effect of pre-harvest light microclimate on 'd'Anjou' pear fruit quality from harvest through to cold storage and ripening on fruit grown in open vase pear tree canopy was investigated. Light penetration was used to determine the light availability at different positions within the tree canopy. Five light penetration levels were predefined as 0-20%, 20%-40%, 40%-60%, 60%-80%, and 80%-100% and 60 fruits were selected from each level for quality assessment during three-month cold storage and post-harvest ripening period. At harvest, upper canopy portions had a greater number of fruit than lower portions, but average single fruit mass was similar. During the cold storage and ripening period, the I-AD index, a measure of chlorophyll degreening indicating fruit maturity, decreased. Fruit mass decreased for all light penetration levels during cold storage. No significant difference was found in fruit mass between light penetration levels following cold storage. Fruit soluble solids increased with light penetration while firmness exhibited an inverse relationship with light penetration level. Fruit from 80% to 100% light penetration level had significantly lower titratable acidity compared to other levels. This study indicated that light microclimate had consequential effects on 'd'Anjou' pear fruit quality, and effects of light penetration on quality were most pronounced in extreme light conditions, which are suggested to be the focus of further research. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IAgrE. C1 [Zhang, Jingjin] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Jingjin; Serra, Sara; Leisso, Rachel S.; Musacchi, Stefano] Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Zhang, Jingjin; Serra, Sara; Leisso, Rachel S.; Musacchi, Stefano] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Leisso, Rachel S.] ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, USDA, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Musacchi, S (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM stefano.musacchi@wsu.edu OI serra, sara/0000-0002-4117-2875; Musacchi, Stefano/0000-0001-8618-6202 FU PNW Pear Research Committee [PR14-108A] FX This research was supported by PNW Pear Research Committee, project number: PR14-108A - Improving quality and maturity consistency of 'd'Anjou'. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the Washington State University and PNW Pear Research Committee. The authors would also like to express our gratefulness to Randy Smith, Bob Gix, and Adam Grubb for their help in setting up the experiment and the field measurements and to Ryan Sheick for the helpful revision of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1537-5110 EI 1537-5129 J9 BIOSYST ENG JI Biosyst. Eng. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 141 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2015.11.002 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA DC4TN UT WOS:000369213300001 ER PT J AU Hadlocon, LJS Zhao, LY Wyslouzil, BE Zhu, HP AF Hadlocon, Lara Jane S. Zhao, Lingying Wyslouzil, Barbara E. Zhu, Heping TI Semi-mechanistic modelling of ammonia absorption in an acid spray wet scrubber based on mass balance (vol 136, pg 14, 2015) SO BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Correction C1 [Hadlocon, Lara Jane S.; Zhao, Lingying] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, 590 Woody Hayes Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Wyslouzil, Barbara E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Zhu, Heping] ARS, USDA, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Zhao, LY (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, 590 Woody Hayes Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM hadlocon.1@osu.edu; zhao.119@osu.edu; wyslouzil.1@osu.edu; heping.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1537-5110 EI 1537-5129 J9 BIOSYST ENG JI Biosyst. Eng. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 141 BP 94 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2015.11.001 PG 1 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA DC4TN UT WOS:000369213300008 ER PT J AU Manfredini, F Shoemaker, D Grozinger, CM AF Manfredini, Fabio Shoemaker, DeWayne Grozinger, Christina M. TI Dynamic changes in host-virus interactions associated with colony founding and social environment in fire ant queens (Solenopsis invicta) SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Colony founding; fire ant; gene expression; microarray; social environment; virus ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY; GENE-EXPRESSION; INFECTION; PCR; HYMENOPTERA; ACTIVATION; MECHANISMS; FORMICIDAE; VIRULENCE AB The dynamics of host-parasite interactions can change dramatically over the course of a chronic infection as the internal (physiological) and external (environmental) conditions of the host change. When queens of social insects found a colony, they experience changes in both their physiological state (they develop their ovaries and begin laying eggs) and the social environment (they suddenly stop interacting with the other members of the mother colony), making this an excellent model system for examining how these factors interact with chronic infections. We investigated the dynamics of host-viral interactions in queens of Solenopsis invicta (fire ant) as they transition from mating to colony founding/brood rearing to the emergence of the first workers. We examined these dynamics in naturally infected queens in two different social environments, where queens either founded colonies as individuals or as pairs. We hypothesized that stress associated with colony founding plays an important role in the dynamics of host-parasite interactions. We also hypothesized that different viruses have different modalities of interaction with the host that can be quantified by physiological measures and genomic analysis of gene expression in the host. We found that the two most prevalent viruses, SINV-1 and SINV-2, are associated with different fitness costs that are mirrored by different patterns of gene expression in the host. In fact SINV-2, the virus that imposes the significant reduction of a queen's reproductive output is also associated with larger changes of global gene expression in the host. These results show the complexity of interactions between S. invicta and two viral parasites. Our findings also show that chronic infections by viral parasites in insects are dynamic processes that may pose different challenges in the host, laying the groundwork for interesting ecological and evolutionary considerations. C1 [Manfredini, Fabio] Royal Holloway Univ London, Sch Biol Sci, Egham, Surrey, England. [Manfredini, Fabio; Grozinger, Christina M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Manfredini, Fabio; Grozinger, Christina M.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Pollinator Res, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Shoemaker, DeWayne] USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Manfredini, F (reprint author), Univ London, Royal Holloway, Bourne 5-06, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. EM fmanfredini79@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [2009-35302-05301] FX U.S. Department of Agriculture, (Grant/Award Number: '2009-35302-05301'). NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 1 BP 233 EP 244 DI 10.1002/ece3.1843 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DC4BF UT WOS:000369164000019 PM 26811788 ER PT J AU Gleason, SM Blackman, CJ Chang, Y Cook, AM Laws, CA Westoby, M AF Gleason, Sean M. Blackman, Chris J. Chang, Yvonne Cook, Alicia M. Laws, Claire A. Westoby, Mark TI Weak coordination among petiole, leaf, vein, and gas-exchange traits across Australian angiosperm species and its possible implications SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Angiosperms; CO2 assimilation; gas exchange; plant hydraulics; stomatal conductance; trait coordination ID TROPICAL FOREST TREES; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATE FOREST; EVOLUTION; VENATION; EMBOLISM; LEAVES; VULNERABILITY; CONDUCTANCE; CAVITATION AB Close coordination between leaf gas exchange and maximal hydraulic supply has been reported across diverse plant life forms. However, it has also been suggested that this relationship may become weak or break down completely within the angiosperms. We examined coordination between hydraulic, leaf vein, and gas-exchange traits across a diverse group of 35 evergreen Australian angiosperms, spanning a large range in leaf structure and habitat. Leaf-specific conductance was calculated from petiole vessel anatomy and was also measured directly using the rehydration technique. Leaf vein density (thought to be a determinant of gas exchange rate), maximal stomatal conductance, and net CO2 assimilation rate were also measured for most species (n = 19-35). Vein density was not correlated with leaf-specific conductance (either calculated or measured), stomatal conductance, nor maximal net CO2 assimilation, with r(2) values ranging from 0.00 to 0.11, P values from 0.909 to 0.102, and n values from 19 to 35 in all cases. Leaf-specific conductance calculated from petiole anatomy was weakly correlated with maximal stomatal conductance (r(2) = 0.16; P = 0.022; n = 32), whereas the direct measurement of leaf-specific conductance was weakly correlated with net maximal CO2 assimilation (r(2) = 0.21; P = 0.005; n = 35). Calculated leaf-specific conductance, xylem ultrastructure, and leaf vein density do not appear to be reliable proxy traits for assessing differences in rates of gas exchange or growth across diverse sets of evergreen angiosperms. C1 [Gleason, Sean M.; Blackman, Chris J.; Chang, Yvonne; Cook, Alicia M.; Laws, Claire A.; Westoby, Mark] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Gleason, Sean M.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Blackman, Chris J.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia. [Chang, Yvonne] CSIRO Agr, LB 59, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia. RP Gleason, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM sean.gleason55@gmail.com RI Chang, Yvonne/A-6947-2015 OI Chang, Yvonne/0000-0002-4733-8506 FU Australian Research Council FX This work was funded by the Australian Research Council through a fellowship to Westoby. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 1 BP 267 EP 278 DI 10.1002/ece3.1860 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DC4BF UT WOS:000369164000022 PM 26811791 ER PT J AU Strahan, GD Mullen, CA Boateng, AA AF Strahan, Gary D. Mullen, Charles A. Boateng, Akwasi A. TI Prediction of Properties and Elemental Composition of Biomass Pyrolysis Oils by NMR and Partial Least Squares Analysis SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID CATALYTIC FAST PYROLYSIS; FLUIDIZED-BED REACTOR; BIO-OIL; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CRUDE OILS; H-1-NMR; DISTILLATION; SPECTROSCOPY; SWITCHGRASS AB As with many substances derived from natural products, pyrolysis bio-oils are complex chemical mixtures and are extremely challenging to chemically characterize, requiring multiple separation and pretreatment steps followed by several different analytical techniques that need tedious adjustments and modifications when sample properties change. In this study, we present a way to simplify this analysis by using C-13 NMR to characterize such substances as a whole without modification. Using partial least-squares (PLS) regression, we report what we believe to be the first reported use of C-13 NMR to derive elemental composition information (mass fractions of C, H, N, and O) as well as the enthalpy of combustion (higher heating value), phenol and cresols concentrations, and the total acid number. Several PLS models were created correlating these various properties with the binned intensities of the H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra of 73 different samples consisting of pyrolysis bio-oils from various biomass sources and treatment protocols as well as finished fuels (gasoline, diesel, and biodiesel) and small molecule standards. Two models based exclusively on C-13 NMR data demonstrated the best overall ability to predict these same properties for unknown samples. The R-2 and RMSE of the predicted values are discussed in detail and are acceptable for many biofuel-related applications. That such properties and compositional measurements may be extracted from C-13 NMR spectra is a direct result of the detailed chemical structural information influencing the chemical shifts and resonance patterns. Because these models were built using a wide range of samples and conditions, they are expected to also be useful for a wider range of applications. C1 [Strahan, Gary D.; Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Mullen, CA (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM charles.mullen@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN PY 2016 VL 30 IS 1 BP 423 EP 433 DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02345 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DB6US UT WOS:000368651800048 ER PT J AU Moser, BR Evangelista, RL Isbell, TA AF Moser, Bryan R. Evangelista, Roque L. Isbell, Terry A. TI Preparation and Fuel Properties of Field Pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) Seed Oil Ethyl Esters and Blends with Ultralow-Sulfur Diesel Fuel SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; ACID METHYL-ESTERS; L. SEED; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; SURFACE-TENSION; ALKYL ESTERS; FEEDSTOCKS; EXTRACTION; PETRODIESEL; COMPONENTS AB Field pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) is a widely distributed winter annual with a high seed oil content (36%) and is suitable as an off-season rotational crop in the midwestern United States. Erucic [(13Z)-docosenoic] acid (36.2%) is the most abundant constituent in the oil, with unsaturated and very long-chain (20+ carbons) fatty acids comprising most of the remaining content. In a previous study, we described field pennycress seed oil methyl esters (FPMEs). Here, we report field pennycress seed oil ethyl esters (FPEEs) along with the properties of blends of FPMEs and FPEEs (B2-B20) in petrodiesel. These results are compared to American and European biodiesel and petrodiesel fuel standards. FPEEs were characterized by excellent low-temperature properties (cloud point of -15 degrees C), high cetane number (61.4), high kinematic viscosity (5.65 mm(2)/s), and low oxidative stability (induction period of 4.6 h). Both kinematic viscosity and oxidative stability did not meet EN 14214 limits but were within the ranges prescribed in ASTM D6751. With regard to blends, highly linear correlations (R-2 = 0.99) were noted between the blend ratio and density, energy content, kinematic viscosity, moisture content, and specific gravity. The acid value, sulfur content, and surface tension were essentially unaffected by the blend ratio. Oxidative stability was negatively affected by a higher biodiesel content, which is typical for blends. Cold flow properties were minimally impacted by the blend ratio, thus representing a significant advantage of FPMEs and FPEEs over other biodiesel fuels. Both FPMEs and FPEEs were excellent lubricity enhancers, because even small amounts (B2) markedly improved the lubricity of petrodiesel. Where applicable, fuel properties of the blends were within the limits prescribed in the petrodiesel standards. C1 [Moser, Bryan R.; Evangelista, Roque L.; Isbell, Terry A.] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Moser, BR (reprint author), ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM bryan.moser@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN PY 2016 VL 30 IS 1 BP 473 EP 479 DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02591 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DB6US UT WOS:000368651800053 ER PT J AU Jong, L AF Jong, Lei TI Particle size and particle-particle interactions on tensile properties and reinforcement of corn flour particles in natural rubber SO EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Mechanical properties; Corn flour; Natural rubber; Rubber filler; Rubber composites ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MODIFIED STARCH; NANOCOMPOSITES; COMPOSITES; PROTEIN AB Renewable corn flour has significant reinforcement effect in natural rubber. The corn flour was hydrolyzed and microfluidized to reduce its particle size. Greater than 90% of the hydrolyzed corn flour had an average size of similar to 300 nm, a reduction of 33 times compared to un-hydrolyzed corn flour. Compared to un-hydrolyzed corn flour composites, the composites filled with 10-40% hydrolyzed corn flour had a significant increase in tensile strength (29-48%), Young's modulus (16-74%), and toughness (33-55%), but a decrease in elongation (4-29%). The 300% modulus also increased 2-3 times. Particle agglomeration at higher filler concentration observed by swelling study was significantly reduced after corn flour was oxidized to introduce particle -particle repulsion with negatively charged carboxylic acid functional groups. The oxidized corn flour was also found to interfere with sulfur crosslinking process and behaved like a scorch retarder. Reinforcement factor at linear viscoelastic region can be described by mechanical models for anisotropic reinforcement elements. The aspect ratio of the reinforcement elements also decreased as the temperature increased, indicating polymer softening within the reinforcement elements. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jong, Lei] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jong, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM lei.jong@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0014-3057 EI 1873-1945 J9 EUR POLYM J JI Eur. Polym. J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 74 BP 136 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.11.018 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA DC4PZ UT WOS:000369204100014 ER PT J AU Reynolds, GJ Gordon, TR McRoberts, N AF Reynolds, Gregory J. Gordon, Thomas R. McRoberts, Neil TI Quantifying the Impacts of Systemic Acquired Resistance to Pitch Canker on Monterey Pine Growth Rate and Hyperspectral Reflectance SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE systemic acquired resistance; Pinus radiata; pitch canker ID FUSARIUM-CIRCINATUM; FITNESS COSTS; SUGAR-BEET; INDUCTION; DEFENSE; CALIFORNIA; RADIATA; INDEXES; QUALITY AB Pitch canker, caused by Fusarium circinatum, is a disease affecting Monterey pine (Pinus radiata) and many other pine species throughout the world. The impact of pitch canker on Pinus radiata may be limited by systemic acquired resistance (SAR), a phenomenon that elevates resistance to a pathogen after initial challenge by that pathogen or another microorganism. Allocation of resources to defense, as a consequence of SAR, is presumed to reduce resources available to support growth and reproduction, but specific fitness consequences associated with SAR in P. radiata have not been measured. To quantify impacts of SAR on growth rate, a 2 x 2 factorial experiment was established in which trees were either primed for SAR or unprimed, with half the trees in each of those two groups being inoculated with the pitch canker pathogen and the other half not inoculated. Priming for SAR was accomplished by inoculating one branch with F. circinatum and removing inoculated branches prior to subsequent challenge inoculations (= disease treatments). Disease treatments included three inoculations that were removed for measurement of lesion length, and three additional inoculations that remained on the tree as a representation of persistent disease. Control trees were mock inoculated with water. Main effects of priming and disease did not result in significant effects on growth rate. Based on hyperspectral canopy reflectance data, diseased trees were associated with higher difference vegetation index values and biomass. The absence of a negative impact on growth rate associated with SAR suggests that induction of resistance may have utility as a tool for management of pitch canker in plantations. C1 [Reynolds, Gregory J.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Linden, NJ 07036 USA. [Gordon, Thomas R.; McRoberts, Neil] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Gordon, TR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM greynolds@ucdavis.edu; trgordon@ucdavis.edu; nmcroberts@ucdavis.edu OI McRoberts, Neil/0000-0001-6346-9461 FU Pebble Beach Company; U.S. Forest Service; University of California-Davis, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences FX The authors thank the Pebble Beach Company, U.S. Forest Service and University of California-Davis, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences for funding this research. We also acknowledge Tom Kominek, Mike Eldridge and Bryan Pellisier for assistance with planting and maintaining Monterey pine plantations. We thank Susan Ustin, George Scheer, and Michael Whiting for providing equipment and advice for our remote sensing work. We also thank Annie Montes, Ashley Hawkins, Celeste Felix, Jenna Yoshisato, Emmi Koivunen, Steven Heisey, Kelley Paugh, James Whitney and Lola Quasebarth for helping with field work and data collection. The authors thank three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD JAN PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 AR 20 DI 10.3390/f7010020 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DC8TX UT WOS:000369493700007 ER PT J AU Tomback, DF Resler, LM Keane, RE Pansing, ER Andrade, AJ Wagner, AC AF Tomback, Diana F. Resler, Lynn M. Keane, Robert E. Pansing, Elizabeth R. Andrade, Andrew J. Wagner, Aaron C. TI Community Structure, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services in Treeline Whitebark Pine Communities: Potential Impacts from a Non-Native Pathogen SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Pinus albicaulis; alpine-treeline ecotone; biodiversity; community structure; keystone species; foundation species; ecosystem services; exotic pathogen; white pine blister rust; restoration ID NORTHERN ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT; BLISTER RUST; ALPINE TREELINE; TOPOGRAPHIC INFLUENCES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NATIONAL-PARK; DYNAMICS; USA; VEGETATION AB Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) has the largest and most northerly distribution of any white pine (Subgenus Strobus) in North America, encompassing 18 degrees latitude and 21 degrees longitude in western mountains. Within this broad range, however, whitebark pine occurs within a narrow elevational zone, including upper subalpine and treeline forests, and functions generally as an important keystone and foundation species. In the Rocky Mountains, whitebark pine facilitates the development of krummholz conifer communities in the alpine-treeline ecotone (ATE), and thus potentially provides capacity for critical ecosystem services such as snow retention and soil stabilization. The invasive, exotic pathogen Cronartium ribicola, which causes white pine blister rust, now occurs nearly rangewide in whitebark pine communities, to their northern limits. Here, we synthesize data from 10 studies to document geographic variation in structure, conifer species, and understory plants in whitebark pine treeline communities, and examine the potential role of these communities in snow retention and regulating downstream flows. Whitebark pine mortality is predicted to alter treeline community composition, structure, and function. Whitebark pine losses in the ATE may also alter response to climate warming. Efforts to restore whitebark pine have thus far been limited to subalpine communities, particularly through planting seedlings with potential blister rust resistance. We discuss whether restoration strategies might be appropriate for treeline communities. C1 [Tomback, Diana F.; Pansing, Elizabeth R.; Andrade, Andrew J.; Wagner, Aaron C.] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Integrat Biol, CB 171,POB 173364, Denver, CO 80217 USA. [Resler, Lynn M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Geog, 115 Major Williams Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 US Hwy 10 West, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Tomback, DF (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Integrat Biol, CB 171,POB 173364, Denver, CO 80217 USA. EM diana.tomback@ucdenver.edu; resler@vt.edu; rkeane@fs.fed.us; elizabeth.pansing@ucdenver.edu; andrew.andrade@ucdenver.edu; aaron.wagner@ucdenver.edu FU National Science Foundation [808548]; University of Colorado Denver, Faculty Development Grant; Shoshone National Forest [FS-1500-17B]; University of Wyoming; U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service [1002614E-VATECH]; Charles Bullard Harvard Forest Fellowship, Harvard University FX We thank Joyce Gould, Alberta Parks, for information on treeline understory plant communities in Willmore Wilderness Park. The studies that provided data for this paper were funded by the National Science Foundation (grant 808548 to LMR, DFT, and G. P. Malanson); University of Colorado Denver, Faculty Development Grant (to DFT); Shoshone National Forest (grant FS-1500-17B, to DFT); and, University of Wyoming and U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service (award ID 1002614E-VATECH to LMR). Manuscript preparation in part was supported by a Charles Bullard Harvard Forest Fellowship, Harvard University, to DFT. NR 95 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 32 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD JAN PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 AR 21 DI 10.3390/f7010021 PG 22 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DC8TX UT WOS:000369493700011 ER PT S AU Jaradat, AA AF Jaradat, Abdullah A. BE Ahuja, MR Jain, SM TI Genetic Erosion of Phoenix dactylifera L.: Perceptible, Probable, or Possible SO GENETIC DIVERSITY AND EROSION IN PLANTS, VOL 2: CASE HISTORIES SE Sustainable Development and Biodiversity LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Abiotic stress; Agrobiodiversity; Biotic stress; Genetic diversity; Genetic erosion; Indigenous knowledge; Vulnerability ID RHYNCHOPHORUS-FERRUGINEUS COLEOPTERA; RED PALM WEEVIL; LAND-USE CHANGE; BAYOUD-DISEASE RESISTANCE; IN-VITRO CULTURE; DATE-PALM; TISSUE-CULTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; GLOBAL CHANGE AB Genetic diversity of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) encompasses genetic differences among and within species, subspecies, populations, cultivars, and individual clones in traditional oases and plantations. Components of this diversity can be estimated, throughout the tree's ontogeny, at the phenotypic, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels using quantitative, qualitative, and ecological parameters. Due to recent extensive expansion of its cultivation in plantations, P. dactylifera, as a species, may not be immediately threatened by genetic erosion in spite of documented isolated cases where some oasis agroecosystems passed ecological thresholds, leading to irreversible changes in the ecosystem and the loss of valuable genetic resources and associated ecosystem services. However, threats to genetic diversity increased during the last similar to 30 years partly due to the introduction of improved mass propagation methods of a limited number of elite date palm cultivars to the exclusion of many others; this widespread practice may have led to genetic vulnerability of the species to biotic (e.g., red palm weevil [(Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier)] and Bayoud, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis) and abiotic (e.g., drought, heat, sand encroachment, desertification, aquifer depletion, and salinity) stresses, especially in view of climate change. Selecting a small number of resistant cultivars to biotic stresses is a further threat to the diversity of the species if the resistance to a particular disease or insect proved to be short lived because of changing climatic conditions or through a change in the virulence of the pest. Traditional propagation using offshoots of elite cultivars having desirable fruit quality traits may lead to the confinement of these cultivars to certain oases; its impact on genetic diversity will, most certainly, be influenced by plant quarantine regulations and the ease with which date palm propagules can be moved between oases, plantations, countries, and regions of the world; whereas the current massive propagation of a few elite date palm cultivars using tissue culture and other mass propagation methods, at the expense of less popular but genetically valuable adapted cultivars, may exacerbate the problem of genetic erosion. In order to combat potential genetic erosion, in-depth understanding of genetic diversity and genetic structure of the species' gene pool complex, which have been shaped and greatly altered by human and natural selection, clonal propagation, and spatiotemporal exchange of germplasm, is indispensable. This chapter will present a comprehensive assessment of the factors with tangible or potential impact on date palm genetic diversity; appropriate research methodologies to quantify and partition genetic diversity; and strategies that can be implemented at the oasis, plantation, regional, and global levels, to enhance sustainable use and conservation of maximum genetic diversity and combat genetic erosion in the date palm. C1 [Jaradat, Abdullah A.] USDA ARS, Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Jaradat, Abdullah A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Jaradat, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA.; Jaradat, AA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, Minneapolis, MN USA. EM abdullah.jaradat@ars.usda.gov NR 240 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2352-474X BN 978-3-319-25954-3; 978-3-319-25953-6 J9 SUSTAIN DEV BIODIVER PY 2016 VL 8 BP 131 EP 213 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-25954-3_4 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-25954-3 PG 83 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA BE2KB UT WOS:000369481900005 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, VI Carkovic, AB Lobo, GP Flanagan, DC Bonilla, CA AF Gonzalez, Virginia I. Carkovic, Athena B. Lobo, Gabriel P. Flanagan, Dennis C. Bonilla, Carlos A. TI Spatial discretization of large watersheds and its influence on the estimation of hillslope sediment yield SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE geographic information systems; GeoWEPP; large watershed; sediment yield; TOPAZ; watershed discretization ID DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS; PROJECT WEPP MODEL; TOPOGRAPHICALLY COMPLEX LANDSCAPES; SOIL-EROSION MODEL; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; TRANSPORT MODEL; NETWORKS; RUNOFF; AREAS AB The combined use of water erosion models and geographic information systems has facilitated soil loss estimation at the watershed scale. Tools such as the Geo-spatial interface for the Water Erosion Prediction Project (GeoWEPP) model provide a convenient spatially distributed soil loss estimate but require discretization to identify hillslopes and channels. In GeoWEPP, the TOpographic PArameteriZation (TOPAZ) model is used as an automated procedure to extract a watershed boundary, hillslopes and channels from a digital elevation model (DEM). Previous studies in small watersheds have shown that the size of the hillslopes and the channel distribution affect the model estimates, but in large watersheds, the effects on the soil loss estimates have yet to be tested. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of discretization on the hillslope sediment yield estimates using GeoWEPP in two large watersheds (>10km(2)). The watersheds were selected and discretized varying the TOPAZ parameters [critical source area (CSA) and minimum source channel length (MSCL)] in a 30-m resolution digital elevation model. The drainage networks built with TOPAZ were compared with each other using the drainage density index. The results showed that the discretization affected hillslope sediment yield estimates and their spatial distribution more than the total runoff. The drainage density index and the hillslope sediment yield were proportional but inversely related; thus, soil loss estimates were highly affected by the spatial discretization. As a result of this analysis, a method to choose the CSA and MSCL values that generates the greatest fraction of hillslopes having profile lengths less than 200m was developed. This slope length condition is particularly crucial when using the WEPP and GeoWEPP models, in order for them to produce realistic estimates of sheet and rill erosion. Finally, and as a result of this analysis, a more reliable method was developed for selecting the TOPAZ channel network parameters (CSA and MSCL). Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Gonzalez, Virginia I.; Carkovic, Athena B.; Lobo, Gabriel P.; Bonilla, Carlos A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Ingn Hidraul & Ambiental, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile. [Flanagan, Dennis C.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, 275 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Bonilla, CA (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Ingn Hidraul & Ambiental, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile. EM cbonilla@ing.puc.cl RI Bonilla, Carlos/A-1676-2013 FU Native Forest Research Fund of the Chile National Forest Corporation CONAF [050/2011] FX We acknowledge Dr Chris Renschler (Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA) and Dr Martin Minkowski (ESRI, Redlands, CA, USA) for assistance with the interpretation of GeoWEPP. This research was supported with funds from the Native Forest Research Fund of the Chile National Forest Corporation CONAF under grant no. 050/2011. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 1 BP 30 EP 39 DI 10.1002/hyp.10559 PG 10 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA DC3ZZ UT WOS:000369160600003 ER PT J AU Jones, RW AF Jones, Richard W. TI Application of succulent plant leaves for Agrobacterium infiltration-mediated protein production SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Xyloglucanase inhibitor; Xyloglucanase; Agrobacterium; Crassulaceae ID EXPRESSION AB When expressing plant cell wall degrading enzymes in the widely used tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) after Agrobacterium infiltration, difficulties arise due to the thin leaf structure. Thick leaved succulents, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana and Hylotelephium telephium, were tested as alternatives. A xyloglucanase, as well as a xyloglucanase inhibitor protein was successfully produced. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jones, Richard W.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jones, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM richard.jones@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [1275-21220-251-00D] FX This project was funded by USDA-ARS CRIS #1275-21220-251-00D. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JAN PY 2016 VL 120 BP 65 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.11.017 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA DC9SI UT WOS:000369560900012 PM 26658852 ER PT J AU Kovalskaya, N Foster-Frey, J Donovan, DM Bauchan, G Hammond, RW AF Kovalskaya, Natalia Foster-Frey, Juli Donovan, David M. Bauchan, Gary Hammond, Rosemarie W. TI Antimicrobial Activity of Bacteriophage Endolysin Produced in Nicotiana benthamiana Plants SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Endolysin; vacuolar targeting; potato proteinase inhibitor I; transient expression; Potato virus X; Nicotiana benthamiana ID POTATO-VIRUS-X; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; TOBACCO CHLOROPLASTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EXPRESSION; MEMBRANE; PINHOLIN; DEFENSIN AB The increasing spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens has raised the interest in alternative antimicrobial treatments. In our study, the functionally active gram-negative bacterium bacteriophage CP933 endolysin was produced in Nicotiana benthamiana plants by a combination of transient expression and vacuole targeting strategies, and its antimicrobial activity was investigated. Expression of the cp933 gene in E. coli led to growth inhibition and lysis of the host cells or production of trace amounts of CP933. Cytoplasmic expression of the cp933 gene in plants using Potato virus X-based transient expression vectors (pP2C2S and pGR107) resulted in death of the apical portion of experimental plants. To protect plants against the toxic effects of the CP933 protein, the cp933 coding region was fused at its N-terminus to an N-terminal signal peptide from the potato proteinase inhibitor I to direct CP933 to the delta-type vacuoles. Plants producing the CP933 fusion protein did not exhibit the severe toxic effects seen with the unfused protein and the level of expression was 0.16 mg/g of plant tissue. Antimicrobial assays revealed that, in contrast to gram-negative bacterium E. coli (BL21(DE3)), the gram-positive plant pathogenic bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis was more susceptible to the plant-produced CP933, showing 18% growth inhibition. The results of our experiments demonstrate that the combination of transient expression and protein targeting to the delta vacuoles is a promising approach to produce functionally active proteins that exhibit toxicity when expressed in plant cells. C1 [Kovalskaya, Natalia; Hammond, Rosemarie W.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Foster-Frey, Juli; Donovan, David M.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bauchan, Gary] ARS, Electron & Confocal Microscopy Unit, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kovalskaya, N (reprint author), ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM natalia.kovalskaya@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 11 PU KOREAN SOC MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY PI SEOUL PA KOREA SCI TECHNOL CENTER #507, 635-4 YEOGSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 1017-7825 EI 1738-8872 J9 J MICROBIOL BIOTECHN JI J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 26 IS 1 BP 160 EP 170 DI 10.4014/jmb.1505.05060 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DC9AK UT WOS:000369512300020 PM 26403819 ER PT J AU Lima, I Klasson, KT Uchimiya, M AF Lima, Isabel Klasson, K. Thomas Uchimiya, Minori TI Selective Release of Inorganic Constituents in Broiler Manure Biochars under Different Post-Activation Treatments SO JOURNAL OF RESIDUALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; POULTRY LITTER; AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES; COMBUSTION PROPERTIES; STEAM GASIFICATION; HEAVY-METALS; BY-PRODUCTS; PYROLYSIS; BIOMASS; CARBONS AB Poultry-litter activated biochars (PLAB) with enhanced metals adsorption may contain significant amounts of inorganic material. This study traces key elements (Ca-Fe-K-Mg-Na-P) from litter to PLAB and selective fate upon acid/water treatments. Samples were pyrolyzed 1 hr/700 degrees C, steam-activated 45 min/800 degrees C, and acid washed/rinsed. Mineral composition concentrated during pyrolysis/activation. Acid wash/water treatments removed unbound inorganics with highest extraction for K (37-100%) and Na (27-49%) and lowest for Fe (0-0.02%). Remaining elements leached significantly less indicating selective removal as influenced by composition and pyrolysis/activation effects on solubility. Heavy metals concentrated upon activation with negligent leaching regarding treatment. Post-activation treatments may improve usability of PLAB in wastewater applications by avoiding unwanted elemental leaching without compromising functionality. C1 [Lima, Isabel; Klasson, K. Thomas; Uchimiya, Minori] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Lima, I (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM isabel.lima@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA SN 1544-8053 J9 J RESIDUALS SCI TECH JI J. Residuals Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 13 IS 1 BP 37 EP 48 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA DD2BY UT WOS:000369728600006 ER PT J AU Xu, CP Mou, BQ AF Xu, Chenping Mou, Beiquan TI Responses of Spinach to Salinity and Nutrient Deficiency in Growth, Physiology, and Nutritional Value SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Spinacia oleracea; antioxidant; nitrogen; phosphorus; phytochemicals; potassium ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; LACTUCA-SATIVA L.; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; SALT STRESS; PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY; NITROGEN DEFICIENCY; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; LEAF-AREA; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE AB Salinity and nutrient-depleted soil are major constraints to crop production, especially for vegetable crops. The effects of salinity and nutrient deficiency on spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) were evaluated in sand cultures under greenhouse conditions. Plants were watered every day with Hoagland nutrition solution, deprived of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), or potassium (K) for nutrient deficiency, either with or without 20/10 mm sodium chloride (NaCl)/calcium chloride (CaCl2) for salinity treatment. Salinity significantly decreased shoot fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), leaf relative water content (RWC), and specific leaf area (SLA) relative to controls after 4 weeks of treatment and increased chlorophyll content, maximum photochemical efficiency (F-v/F-m), and photochemical yield [Y(II)]. Nitrogen deficiency greatly reduced shoot FW and DW, SLA, and chlorophyll content, regardless of salt treatment. Y(II) and F-v/F-m were reduced by N deficiency and salinity treatment. Phosphorous and K deficiencies, similarly, decreased shoot FW and DW irrespective of salinity treatment and increased chlorophyll content without salt stress. Phosphorous deficiency increased Y(II) under control and F-v/F-m under both control and salt treatment. Salinity and nutrient deficiency also affected the nutritional value of spinach. Salt stress increased carotenoid and flavonoid contents, and reducing power in full-strength Hoagland solution, and decreased leaf ferrous ion chelating ability (FICA). Nutrient deficiency increased reducing power regardless of salinity treatment. Nitrogen deficiency increased anthocyanin and total phenolic contents, decreased carotenoids and flavonoids regardless of salinity treatment, and increased antioxidant capacity under no-salt conditions. Phosphorous deficiency increased carotenoid and flavonoid contents under no-salt condition and enhanced total phenolic content and reduced FICA and amino acid content under salt stress. Potassium deficiency increased total phenolic, carotenoid, and flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacity under non-salt condition, but decreased FICA regardless of salinity treatment. These results suggest that spinach nutritional value could be improved with only moderately or slightly reduced yield through cultural practices that impose either low fertilizer levels or slight salt stress. C1 [Xu, Chenping; Mou, Beiquan] ARS, USDA, 1636 East Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Xu, CP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1636 East Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM chenping.xu@ars.usda.gov FU California Department of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant Program [SCB13047] FX This research was supported by a grant from the California Department of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant Program (SCB13047). NR 78 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 17 U2 39 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 141 IS 1 BP 12 EP 21 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DC8KA UT WOS:000369467100002 ER PT J AU Havey, MJ Ahn, YK AF Havey, Michael J. Ahn, Yul-Kyun TI Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Indel Markers from the Transcriptome of Garlic SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Allium sativum; complementary DNA; genetic variation; molecular markers ID ALLIUM-SATIVUM L.; EXPRESSED REGIONS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SEED PRODUCTION; RAPD MARKERS; SSR MARKERS; ONION; CLONES; GENOME; CLASSIFICATION AB Garlic (Allium sativum) is cultivated worldwide and appreciated for its culinary uses. In spite of primarily being asexually propagated, garlic shows great morphological variation and adaptability to diverse production environments. Molecular markers and phenotypic characteristics have been used to assess the genetic diversity among garlics. In this study, we undertook transcriptome sequencing from a single garlic plant to identify molecular markers in expressed regions of the garlic genome. Garlic sequences were assembled and selected if they were similar to monomorphic sequences from a doubled haploid (DH) of onion (Allium cepa). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion deletion (indel) events were identified in 4355 independent garlic assemblies. A sample of the indels was verified using the original complementary DNA (cDNA) library and genomics DNAs from diverse garlics, and segregations confirmed by sexual progenies of garlic. These molecular markers from the garlic transcriptome should be useful for estimates of genetic diversity, identification and removal of duplicate accessions from germplasm collections, and the development of a detailed genetic map of this important vegetable crop. C1 [Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ahn, Yul-Kyun] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Hort & Herbal Sci, 100 Nongsaeng Ro, Wanju Gun 565852, Jeollabuk Do, South Korea. RP Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mjhavey@wisc.edu FU Rural Development Administration (South Korea) [PJ01044901]; USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative (USA) [2008-51180-04875] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of grant from PJ01044901 the Rural Development Administration (South Korea) to Y-Kyun Ahn and grant 2008-51180-04875 from the USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative (USA) to Michael J. Havey, as well as bioinformatic help of Fenglou Mao of the UW Biotechnology Center and technical assistance of Christy Stewart. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 141 IS 1 BP 62 EP 65 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA DC8KA UT WOS:000369467100007 ER PT S AU Green, BT Brown, DR AF Green, Benedict T. Brown, David R. BE Lyte, M TI Interactions Between Bacteria and the Gut Mucosa: Do Enteric Neurotransmitters Acting on the Mucosal Epithelium Influence Intestinal Colonization or Infection? SO MICROBIAL ENDOCRINOLOGY: INTERKINGDOM SIGNALING IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND HEALTH, 2ND EDITION SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; CATECHOLAMINE-INDUCED GROWTH; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-A SECRETION; PORCINE COLONIC-MUCOSA; PIG SMALL-INTESTINE; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ENTEROENDOCRINE CELLS; PEYERS-PATCHES; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA AB The intestinal epithelium is a critical barrier between the internal and external milieux of the mammalian host. Epithelial interactions between these two host environments have been shown to be modulated by several different, cross-communicating cell types residing in the gut mucosa. These include enteric neurons, whose activity is influenced by bacterial pathogens, and their secreted products. Neurotransmitters appear to influence epithelial associations with bacteria in the intestinal lumen. For example, internalization of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7 into the Peyer's patch mucosa of the small intestine is altered after the inhibition of neural activity with saxitoxin, a neuronal sodium channel blocker. Catecholamine neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, also alter bacterial internalization in Peyer's patches. In the large intestine, norepinephrine increases the mucosal adherence of E. coli. These neurotransmitter actions are mediated by well-defined catecholamine receptors situated on the basolateral membranes of epithelial cells rather than through direct interactions with luminal bacteria. Investigations of the involvement of neuroepithelial communication in the regulation of interactions between the intestinal mucosa and luminal bacteria will provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying bacterial colonization and pathogenesis at mucosal surfaces. C1 [Green, Benedict T.] ARS, USDA, 1150 E,1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Brown, David R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Brown, DR (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM ben.green@ars.usda.gov; brown013@umn.edu NR 128 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0065-2598 BN 978-3-319-20215-0; 978-3-319-20214-3 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2016 VL 874 BP 121 EP 141 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0_5 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0 PG 21 WC Infectious Diseases; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Research & Experimental Medicine; Microbiology GA BE2OI UT WOS:000369712700006 PM 26589216 ER PT S AU Bearson, BL AF Bearson, Bradley L. BE Lyte, M TI Molecular Profiling: Catecholamine Modulation of Gene Expression in Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium SO MICROBIAL ENDOCRINOLOGY: INTERKINGDOM SIGNALING IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND HEALTH, 2ND EDITION SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE E. coli O157:H7; Salmonella Typhimurium; Catecholamine; Transcription; Nutritional immunity; Bacterial motility; Epinephrine; Norepinephrine ID QSEB RESPONSE REGULATOR; SENSOR KINASE; HOST COMMUNICATION; PEPTIDE RESISTANCE; IRON ACQUISITION; BACTERIAL-GROWTH; IN-VITRO; NOREPINEPHRINE; VIRULENCE; SYSTEM AB Investigations of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium have demonstrated that these bacterial pathogens can respond to the presence of catecholamines including norepinephrine and/or epinephrine in their environment by modulating gene expression and exhibiting various phenotypes. For example, one of the most intensively investigated phenotypes following exposure of E. coli and S. Typhimurium to norepinephrine is enhanced bacterial growth in a serum-based medium. Host-pathogen investigations have demonstrated that the mammalian host utilizes nutritional immunity to sequester iron and prevent extraintestinal growth by bacterial pathogens. However, Salmonella and certain E. coli strains have a genetic arsenal designed for subversion and subterfuge of the host. Norepinephrine enhances bacterial growth due, in part, to increased iron availability, and transcriptional profiling indicates differential expression of genes encoding iron acquisition and transport proteins. Bacterial motility of E. coli and S. Typhimurium is also enhanced in the presence of catecholamines and increased flagellar gene expression has been described. Furthermore, epinephrine and norepinephrine are chemoattractants for E. coli O157:H7. In S. Typhimurium, norepinephrine enhances horizontal gene transfer and increases expression of genes involved in plasmid transfer. Exposure of E. coli O157:H7 to norepinephrine increases expression of the genes encoding Shiga toxin and operons within the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). Alterations in the transcriptional response of enteric bacteria to catecholamine exposure in vivo are predicted to enhance bacterial colonization and pathogen virulence. This chapter will review the current literature on the transcriptional response of E. coli and S. Typhimurium to catecholamines. C1 [Bearson, Bradley L.] ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bearson, BL (reprint author), ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brad.bearson@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0065-2598 BN 978-3-319-20215-0; 978-3-319-20214-3 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2016 VL 874 BP 167 EP 182 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0_7 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0 PG 16 WC Infectious Diseases; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Research & Experimental Medicine; Microbiology GA BE2OI UT WOS:000369712700008 PM 26589218 ER PT J AU Schwartz, MK AF Schwartz, Michael K. TI Recipient of the 2015 Molecular Ecology Prize: Fred Allendorf SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, Natl Genom Ctr Wildlife & Fish Conservat, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. RP Schwartz, MK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Natl Genom Ctr Wildlife & Fish Conservat, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. EM michaelkschwartz@fs.fed.us NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 25 IS 2 BP 450 EP 453 DI 10.1111/mec.13503 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DC9GU UT WOS:000369530000001 PM 26800037 ER PT J AU Torrans, L Ott, B AF Torrans, Les Ott, Brian TI No Evidence for Intercohort Cannibalism in Mixed-Size Cultures of Food-Size and Fingerling Channel Catfish x Blue Catfish Hybrids Grown in Ponds SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID BODY-COMPOSITION AB Female Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus x male Blue Catfish I. furcatus hybrids are normally harvested by seining single-batch pond or split-pond production systems in fall or winter. Ponds are typically restocked with fingerlings without draining. There is concern that without completely draining the pond after harvest, food-size hybrids that escape seining may cannibalize restocked fingerlings. The purpose of this study was to determine if such hybrid fingerlings stocked after the fall harvest would be cannibalized by the larger carryover fish during winter or the following growing season. Three 0.04-ha ponds were each stocked on November 25, 2013, with 100 food-size hybrid catfish averaging 1.07 kg. Those three ponds and an additional three ponds were then stocked on November 27, 2013, with 300 hybrid catfish fingerlings averaging 14.8 g. The fish were not fed over winter. Mean survival of the fingerlings after 4 months at 91.9% and 92.9% was not significantly different between treatments. Survival of the food-size fish was 99.7%. Four ponds stocked with fingerling and food-size hybrids and an additional four ponds stocked with just fingerlings in April 2014 were harvested in October. Survival of the fingerlings was not significantly different between ponds with (88.8%) and without (90.3%) food-size fish. We found no significant intercohort cannibalism by food-size hybrid catfish on understocked fingerlings either overwinter or during the following growing season. C1 [Torrans, Les; Ott, Brian] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Aquaculture Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Torrans, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Aquaculture Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM les.torrans@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System [6402-13320-004-00D] FX We thank the permanent and summer staff of the Warmwater Aquaculture Research Unit for their assistance with this study, B. Bosworth and B. Peterson for their helpful reviews of this manuscript, and C. Tucker for his encouragement and major contributions to this manuscript. This project was funded by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System, Project 6402-13320-004-00D, "Improving production efficiency warm water aquaculture through water quality management." Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 78 IS 1 BP 52 EP 56 DI 10.1080/15222055.2015.1094159 PG 5 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DC9BI UT WOS:000369514900007 ER PT J AU Ma, JT Karlsen, MC Chung, M Jacques, PF Saltzman, E Smith, CE Fox, CS McKeown, NM AF Ma, Jiantao Karlsen, Micaela C. Chung, Mei Jacques, Paul F. Saltzman, Edward Smith, Caren E. Fox, Caroline S. McKeown, Nicola M. TI Potential link between excess added sugar intake and ectopic fat: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE added sugar; ectopic fat depots; liver fat; muscle fat; visceral adipose tissue ID INSULIN SENSITIVITY; LIVER-DISEASE; HIGH-FRUCTOSE; VISCERAL FAT; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INTRAHEPATIC LIPIDS; HEALTHY HUMANS; CONSUMPTION; SUCROSE; RISK AB Context: The effect of added sugar intake on ectopic fat accumulation is a subject of debate. Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to examine the potential effect of added sugar intake on ectopic fat depots. Data Sources: MEDLINE, CAB Abstracts, CAB Global Health, and EBM (Evidence-Based Medicine) Reviews - Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for studies published from 1973 to September 2014. Data Extraction: RCTs with a minimum of 6 days' duration of added sugar exposure in the intervention group were selected. The dosage of added sugar intake as a percentage of total energy was extracted or calculated. Means and standard deviations of pre- and post-test measurements or changes in ectopic fat depots were collected. Data Synthesis: Fourteen RCTs were included. Most of the studies had a medium to high risk of bias. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with eucaloric controls, subjects who consumed added sugar under hypercaloric conditions likely increased ectopic fat, particularly in the liver (pooled standardized mean difference = 0.9 [95% CI, 0.6-1.2], n = 6) and muscles (pooled SMD = 0.6 [95% CI, 0.2-1.0], n = 4). No significant difference was observed in liver fat, visceral adipose tissue, or muscle fat when isocaloric intakes of different sources of added sugars were compared. Conclusions: Data from a limited number of RCTs suggest that excess added sugar intake under hypercaloric diet conditions likely increases ectopic fat depots, particularly in the liver and in muscle fat. There are insufficient data to compare the effect of different sources of added sugars on ectopic fat deposition or to compare intake of added sugar with intakes of other macronutrients. Future well-designed RCTs with sufficient power and duration are needed to address the role of sugars on ectopic fat deposition. C1 [Ma, Jiantao; Karlsen, Micaela C.; Jacques, Paul F.; Saltzman, Edward; Smith, Caren E.; McKeown, Nicola M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Chung, Mei] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Nutr Infect Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fox, Caroline S.] NHLBIs Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA USA. [Fox, Caroline S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP McKeown, NM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM nicola.mckeown@tufts.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014]; Division of Intramural Research of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute FX This project was supported by US Department of Agriculture Agreement No. 58-1950-0-014 and the Division of Intramural Research of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The funders had no role in study selection, quality assessment, synthesis, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0029-6643 EI 1753-4887 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 74 IS 1 BP 18 EP 32 DI 10.1093/nutrit/nuv047 PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DC9JQ UT WOS:000369538100002 PM 26518034 ER PT J AU Weaver, CM Alexander, DD Boushey, CJ Dawson-Hughes, B Lappe, JM LeBoff, MS Liu, S Looker, AC Wallace, TC Wang, DD AF Weaver, C. M. Alexander, D. D. Boushey, C. J. Dawson-Hughes, B. Lappe, J. M. LeBoff, M. S. Liu, S. Looker, A. C. Wallace, T. C. Wang, D. D. TI Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and risk of fractures: an updated meta-analysis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Calcium; Fracture; Supplement; Vitamin D ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY-WOMEN; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; HEALTH OUTCOMES; CHOLECALCIFEROL SUPPLEMENTATION; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PARATHYROID-HORMONE AB The aim was to meta-analyze randomized controlled trials of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and fracture prevention. Meta-analysis showed a significant 15 % reduced risk of total fractures (summary relative risk estimate [SRRE], 0.85; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.73-0.98) and a 30 % reduced risk of hip fractures (SRRE, 0.70; 95 % CI, 0.56-0.87). Introduction Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation has been widely recommended to prevent osteoporosis and subsequent fractures; however, considerable controversy exists regarding the association of such supplementation and fracture risk. The aim was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [RCTs] of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and fracture prevention in adults. Methods A PubMed literature search was conducted for the period from July 1, 2011 through July 31, 2015. RCTs reporting the effect of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on fracture incidence were selected from English-language studies. Qualitative and quantitative information was extracted; random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to generate summary relative risk estimates (SRREs) for total and hip fractures. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and the I (2) statistic, and potential for publication bias was assessed. Results Of the citations retrieved, eight studies including 30,970 participants met criteria for inclusion in the primary analysis, reporting 195 hip fractures and 2231 total fractures. Meta-analysis of all studies showed that calcium plus vitamin D supplementation produced a statistically significant 15 % reduced risk of total fractures (SRRE, 0.85; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.73-0.98) and a 30 % reduced risk of hip fractures (SRRE, 0.70; 95 % CI, 0.56-0.87). Numerous sensitivity and subgroup analyses produced similar summary associations. A limitation is that this study utilized data from subgroup analysis of the Women's Health Initiative. Conclusions This meta-analysis of RCTs supports the use of calcium plus vitamin D supplements as an intervention for fracture risk reduction in both community-dwelling and institutionalized middle-aged to older adults. C1 [Weaver, C. M.] Purdue Univ, Womens Global Hlth Inst, Dept Nutr Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Alexander, D. D.] EpidStat Inst, Evergreen, CO USA. [Boushey, C. J.] Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Canc Epidemiol Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Bone Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lappe, J. M.] Creighton Univ, Sch Nursing, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Lappe, J. M.] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [LeBoff, M. S.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Skeletal Hlth & Osteoporosis Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [LeBoff, M. S.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med,Bone Dens Unit, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Hypertens,Calcium & Bone, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Liu, S.] Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Looker, A. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Wallace, T. C.] Natl Osteoporosis Fdn, 1150 17th St NW,Suite 850, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Wallace, T. C.] George Mason Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Studies, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Wang, D. D.] Tufts Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wallace, TC (reprint author), Natl Osteoporosis Fdn, 1150 17th St NW,Suite 850, Washington, DC 20036 USA.; Wallace, TC (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Studies, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM taylor.wallace@nof.org FU Consumer Healthcare Products Association; Council for Responsible Nutrition; Natural Products Association FX Funding for this study was provided through unrestricted educational grants from the Consumer Healthcare Products Association, the Council for Responsible Nutrition, and the Natural Products Association. The funding bodies had no influence on the study design; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; the writing of the report; and the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 54 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 12 U2 23 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 27 IS 1 BP 367 EP 376 DI 10.1007/s00198-015-3386-5 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DC9FC UT WOS:000369525500043 PM 26510847 ER PT J AU Shockey, J Regmi, A Cotton, K Adhikari, N Browse, J Bates, PD AF Shockey, Jay Regmi, Anushobha Cotton, Kimberly Adhikari, Neil Browse, John Bates, Philip D. TI Identification of Arabidopsis GPAT9 (At5g60620) as an Essential Gene Involved in Triacylglycerol Biosynthesis SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLYCEROL 3-PHOSPHATE ACYLTRANSFERASE; CHILLING-SENSITIVE PLANT; GLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE ACYLTRANSFERASE; MICROSOMAL PREPARATIONS; DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; DEVELOPING SEEDS; FATTY-ACIDS; ACYL-COA; SN-GLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE ACYLTRANSFERASE AB The first step in the biosynthesis of nearly all plant membrane phospholipids and storage triacylglycerols is catalyzed by a glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT). The requirement for an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized GPAT for both of these critical metabolic pathways was recognized more than 60 years ago. However, identification of the gene(s) encoding this GPAT activity has remained elusive. Here, we present the results of a series of in vivo, in vitro, and in silico experiments in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) designed to assign this essential function to AtGPAT9. This gene has been highly conserved throughout evolution and is largely present as a single copy in most plants, features consistent with essential housekeeping functions. A knockout mutant of AtGPAT9 demonstrates both male and female gametophytic lethality phenotypes, consistent with the role in essential membrane lipid synthesis. Significant expression of developing seed AtGPAT9 is required for wild-type levels of triacylglycerol accumulation, and the transcript level is directly correlated to the level of microsomal GPAT enzymatic activity in seeds. Finally, the AtGPAT9 protein interacts with other enzymes involved in ER glycerolipid biosynthesis, suggesting the possibility of ER-localized lipid biosynthetic complexes. Together, these results suggest that GPAT9 is the ER-localized GPAT enzyme responsible for plant membrane lipid and oil biosynthesis. C1 [Shockey, Jay] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Regmi, Anushobha; Bates, Philip D.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Chem & Biochem, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Cotton, Kimberly; Adhikari, Neil; Browse, John] Washington State Univ, Inst Biol Chem, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. RP Bates, PD (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Chem & Biochem, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM philip.bates@usm.edu OI Adhikari, Neil/0000-0002-2935-1870; Regmi, Anushobha/0000-0003-1819-6147; Bates, Philip/0000-0002-1291-3363 FU National Science Foundation [EPS 0903787, EPS 1006883, IOS-1339385]; Mississippi INBRE; Institutional Development Award of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health [P20GM103476]; National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences [T32 GM008336]; University of Southern Mississippi Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry New Faculty Start-Up program FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant nos. EPS 0903787 and EPS 1006883 and Plant Genome Research Program grant no. IOS-1339385), Mississippi INBRE, funded by an Institutional Development Award of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health (grant no. P20GM103476), a National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences-funded predoctoral fellowship (T32 GM008336) to K.C., and the University of Southern Mississippi Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry New Faculty Start-Up program. NR 96 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 8 U2 25 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 170 IS 1 BP 163 EP 179 DI 10.1104/pp.15.01563 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DC6OB UT WOS:000369338300013 PM 26586834 ER PT J AU Yoong, FY O'Brien, LK Truco, MJ Huo, HQ Sideman, R Hayes, R Michelmore, RW Bradford, KJ AF Yoong, Fei-Yian O'Brien, Laurel K. Truco, Maria Jose Huo, Heqiang Sideman, Rebecca Hayes, Ryan Michelmore, Richard W. Bradford, Kent J. TI Genetic Variation for Thermotolerance in Lettuce Seed Germination Is Associated with Temperature-Sensitive Regulation of ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR1 (ERF1) SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENDO-BETA-MANNANASE; ABSCISIC-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; FAGUS-SYLVATICA SEEDS; 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ETHYLENE RESPONSE; TOMATO SEEDS; GIBBERELLIN BIOSYNTHESIS; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; MICROPYLAR ENDOSPERM AB Seeds of most lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivars are susceptible to thermoinhibition, or failure to germinate at temperatures above approximately 28 degrees C, creating problems for crop establishment in the field. Identifying genes controlling thermoinhibition would enable the development of cultivars lacking this trait and, therefore, being less sensitive to high temperatures during planting. Seeds of a primitive accession (PI251246) of lettuce exhibited high-temperature germination capacity up to 33 degrees C. Screening a recombinant inbred line population developed from PI215246 and cv Salinas identified a major quantitative trait locus (Htg9.1) from PI251246 associated with the high-temperature germination phenotype. Further genetic analyses discovered a tight linkage of the Htg9.1 phenotype with a specific DNA marker (NM4182) located on a single genomic sequence scaffold. Expression analyses of the 44 genes encoded in this genomic region revealed that only a homolog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR1 (termed LsERF1) was differentially expressed between PI251246 and cv Salinas seeds imbibed at high temperature (30 degrees C). LsERF1 belongs to a large family of transcription factors associated with the ethylene-signaling pathway. Physiological assays of ethylene synthesis, response, and action in parental and near-isogenic Htg9.1 genotypes strongly implicate LsERF1 as the gene responsible for the Htg9.1 phenotype, consistent with the established role for ethylene in germination thermotolerance of Compositae seeds. Expression analyses of genes associated with the abscisic acid and gibberellin biosynthetic pathways and results of biosynthetic inhibitor and hormone response experiments also support the hypothesis that differential regulation of LsERF1 expression in PI251246 seeds elevates their upper temperature limit for germination through interactions among pathways regulated by these hormones. Our results support a model in which LsERF1 acts through the promotion of gibberellin biosynthesis to counter the inhibitory effects of abscisic acid and, therefore, promote germination at high temperatures. C1 [Yoong, Fei-Yian; O'Brien, Laurel K.; Huo, Heqiang; Michelmore, Richard W.; Bradford, Kent J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Seed Biotechnol Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Truco, Maria Jose; Michelmore, Richard W.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sideman, Rebecca] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Hayes, Ryan] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Bradford, KJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Seed Biotechnol Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kjbradford@ucdavis.edu FU Progeny Advanced Genetics; University of California [bio03-10398]; National Science Foundation [0820451]; CSREES Regional Research Project [W3168] FX This work was supported by Progeny Advanced Genetics and University of California Discovery (grant no. bio03-10398 to K.J.B.), the National Science Foundation (Compositae Genome Project grant no. 0820451 to R.W.M., K.J.B., and others) and CSREES Regional Research Project W3168. NR 85 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 34 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 170 IS 1 BP 472 EP 488 DI 10.1104/pp.15.01251 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DC6OB UT WOS:000369338300035 PM 26574598 ER PT J AU Coopersmith, EJ Cosh, MH Bell, JE Crow, WT AF Coopersmith, E. J. Cosh, M. H. Bell, J. E. Crow, W. T. TI Multi-Profile Analysis of Soil Moisture within the US Climate Reference Network SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TRIPLE COLLOCATION; CALIBRATION AB Soil moisture estimates are crucial for hydrologic modeling and agricultural decision-support efforts. These measurements are also pivotal for long-term inquiries regarding the impacts of climate change and the resulting droughts over large spatial and temporal scales. However, it has only been the past decade during which ground-based soil moisture sensory resources have become sufficient to tackle these important challenges. Despite this progress, random and systematic errors remain in ground-based soil moisture observations. Such errors must be quantified (and/or adequately minimized) before such observations can be used with full confidence. In response, this paper calibrates and analyzes US Climate Reference Network (USCRN) profile estimates at each of three sensors collocated at each USCRN location. With each USCRN location consisting of three independent, Hydraprobe measurements, triple collocation analysis of these sensory triads reveals the random error associated with this particular sensing technology in each individual location. This allows quantification of the accuracy of these individual profiles, the random errors associated with these measurements in different geographic locations, and offers the potential for more adept quality control procedures in near real time. Averaged over USCRN gauge locations nationally, this random error is determined to be approximately 0.012 m(3)/m(3). C1 [Coopersmith, E. J.; Cosh, M. H.; Crow, W. T.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 007, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bell, J. E.] Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA. [Bell, J. E.] NOAA, Natl Climate Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA. RP Coopersmith, EJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 007, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ecooper2@gmail.com FU NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina [NA09NES4400006] FX The USDA prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Ave., S.W., Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (800)795-3272 (voice) or (202)720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This work was supported by NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina under Cooperative Agreement NA09NES4400006. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 15 IS 1 DI 10.2136/vzj2015.01.0016 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA DC6DE UT WOS:000369309200001 ER PT J AU Schwartz, RC Evett, SR Anderson, SK Anderson, DJ AF Schwartz, Robert C. Evett, Steven R. Anderson, Scott K. Anderson, David J. TI Evaluation of a Direct-Coupled Time-Domain Reflectometry for Determination of Soil Water Content and Bulk Electrical Conductivity SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX PERMITTIVITY MODEL; DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; CALIBRATION; SALINITY; PROBES AB Signal degradation in coaxial cables and interconnects is a long-standing problem in the practical deployment of time-domain reflectometry (TDR) for soil water monitoring. Acclima, Inc. has recently commercialized a TDR sensor (TDR-315) with all electronics required for waveform acquisition embedded in the probe head. We calibrated ten TDR-315 sensors and conventional TDR for apparent permittivity (K-alpha) and bulk electrical conductivity (sigma(alpha)) measurements. Also, soil water content calibrations were completed for a Pullman (fine, mixed, superactive, thermic torrertic Paleustolls) clay loam soil. Lastly, the sensitivity of K-alpha to sigma(alpha) was examined using a saturated solute displacement experiment with both probe technologies installed in a column packed with Pullman clay loam. A range of sigma(alpha) (0.65-2.8 dS m(-1)) was established by equilibrating the column with 0.25 dS m(-1) CaCl2 and introducing a step pulse of 7.3 dS m(-1) CaCl2. Permittivity calibrations of the TDR-315 could be accomplished with conventional TDR methods and with similar sampling errors. Conventional calibrations of sigma(alpha) using long time amplitudes yielded a linear response for sigma(alpha) < 3 dS m(-1), above which the response was nonlinear. The fitted water content calibrations of the Pullman clay loam for the TDR-315 were nearly indistinguishable from conventional TDR calibrations with similar root mean square errors (0.017-0.020 m(3) m(-3)). Response of the two measurement technologies in a lossy soil during changing solution conductivities demonstrated that, in contrast to conventional TDR, travel time measured using acquired TDR-315 waveforms was insensitive to sigma(alpha) up to 2.8 dS m(-1). C1 [Schwartz, Robert C.; Evett, Steven R.] ARS, USDA, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Anderson, Scott K.; Anderson, David J.] Acclima Inc, Meridian, ID USA. RP Schwartz, RC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM robert.schwartz@ars.usda.gov FU USDA [2012-02152]; NSF [1346113]; International Atomic Energy Agency [CRP D1.20.13, 18210/R0]; Ogallala Aquifer Program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of USDA SBIR Phase II Contract 2012-02152, NSF SBIR Phase I Contract 1346113, and the International Atomic Energy Agency CRP D1.20.13 Contract 18210/R0. The authors also sincerely acknowledge the assistance of Bridgett DeWitt and Logan Hopper in the completion of laboratory tests. This research was supported by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between USDA-ARS, Kansas State University, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 15 IS 1 DI 10.2136/vzj2015.08.0115 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA DC6DE UT WOS:000369309200007 ER PT J AU Sitvarin, MI Gordon, SD Uetz, GW Rypstra, AL AF Sitvarin, Michael I. Gordon, Shira D. Uetz, George W. Rypstra, Ann L. TI The wolf spider Pardosa milvina detects predator threat level using only vibratory cues SO BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE anti-predator behaviour; threat-sensitivity hypothesis; multimodal cues; vibration; Tigrosa helluo; Scarites quadriceps ID MULTIMODAL COMMUNICATION; ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOR; CHEMICAL CUES; LYCOSIDAE; ARANEAE; PREY; RISK; AVOIDANCE; SURVIVAL; SIGNALS AB Predators may inadvertently signal their presence and threat level by way of signals in multiple modalities. We used a spider, Pardosa milvina, known to respond adaptively to chemotactile predator cues (i.e., silk, faeces and other excreta) to evaluate whether it could also discriminate predation risk from isolated vibratory cues. Vibrations from its prey, conspecifics, and predators (Tigrosa helluo and Scarites quadriceps) were recorded and played back to Pardosa. In addition, we recorded predator vibrations with and without access to chemotactile cues from Pardosa, indicating the presence of prey. Pardosa did not appear to discriminate between vibrations from prey or conspecifics, but the response to predators depended on the presence of cues from Pardosa. Vibrations from predators with access to chemotactile cues from prey induced reductions in Pardosa activity. Predator cues typically occur in multiple modalities, but prey are capable of imperfectly evaluating predation risk using a limited subset of information. C1 [Sitvarin, Michael I.] Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Gordon, Shira D.; Uetz, George W.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Rypstra, Ann L.] Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, OH USA. [Sitvarin, Michael I.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Gordon, Shira D.] USDA ARS, 9611 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA USA. RP Sitvarin, MI (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.; Sitvarin, MI (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM michaelsitvarin@uky.edu OI Uetz, George/0000-0002-6829-7424; Sitvarin, Michael/0000-0002-3080-3619 FU Department of Zoology, Field Workshop program, and Hamilton Campus of Miami University FX We are grateful to numerous undergraduate and graduate students for assistance in collecting and maintaining study species. Funding was provided by the Department of Zoology, Field Workshop program, and Hamilton Campus of Miami University. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 20 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-7959 EI 1568-539X J9 BEHAVIOUR JI Behaviour PY 2016 VL 153 IS 2 BP 159 EP 173 DI 10.1163/1568539X-00003332 PG 15 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA DC2RY UT WOS:000369065200003 ER PT J AU Kasten, BB Ma, XW Cheng, K Bu, LH Slocumb, WS Hayes, TR Trabue, S Cheng, Z Benny, PD AF Kasten, Benjamin B. Ma, Xiaowei Cheng, Kai Bu, Lihong Slocumb, Winston S. Hayes, Thomas R. Trabue, Steven Cheng, Zhen Benny, Paul D. TI Isothiocyanate-Functionalized Bifunctional Chelates and fac-[M-I(CO)(3)](+) (M = Re, Tc-99m) Complexes for Targeting uPAR in Prostate Cancer SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR-RECEPTOR; ALPHA-MSH PEPTIDE; UROKINASE RECEPTOR; IN-VIVO; CLICK-CHEMISTRY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPLEXES; RADIONUCLIDE THERAPY; DISEASE PROGRESSION AB Developing new strategies to rapidly incorporate the fac-[MI(CO)(3)](+) (M = Re, Tc-99m) core into biological targeting vectors in radiopharmaceuticals continues to expand as molecules become more complex and as efforts to minimize nonspecific binding increase. This work examines a novel isothiocyanate-functionalized bifunctional chelate based on 2,2'-dipicolylamine (DPA) specifically designed for complexing the fac-[MI(CO)(3)](+) core. Two strategies (postlabeling and prelabeling) were explored using the isothiocyanate-functionalized DPA to determine the effectiveness of assembly on the overall yield and purity of the complex with amine containing biomolecules. A model amino acid (lysine) examined (1) amine conjugation of isothiocyanate-functionalized DPA followed by complexation with fac-[MI(CO)(3)](+) (postlabeling) and (2) complexation of fac-[MI(CO)(3)](+) with isothiocyanate-functionalized DPA followed by amine conjugation (prelabeling). Conducted with stable Re and radioactive Tc-99m analogs, both strategies formed the product in good to excellent yields under macroscopic and radiotracer concentrations. A synthetic peptide (AE105) which targets an emerging biomarker in CaP prognosis, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), was also explored using the isothiocyanate-functionalized DPA strategy. In vitro PC-3 (uPAR(+)) cell uptake assays with the 99mTc-labeled peptide (8a) showed 4.2 +/- 0.5% uptake at 4 h. In a murine model bearing PC-3 tumor xenografts, in vivo biodistribution of 8a led to favorable tumor uptake (3.7 +/- 0.7% ID/g) at 4 h p.i. with relatively low accumulation (<2% ID/g) in normal organs not associated with normal peptide excretion. These results illustrate the promise of the isothiocyanate-functionalized approach for labeling amine containing biological targeting vectors with fac-[MI(CO)(3)](+). C1 [Kasten, Benjamin B.; Slocumb, Winston S.; Hayes, Thomas R.; Benny, Paul D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Slocumb, Winston S.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ma, Xiaowei] Fourth Mil Med Univ, Xijing Hosp, Dept Nucl Med, Xian 710032, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Ma, Xiaowei; Cheng, Kai; Bu, Lihong; Cheng, Zhen] Stanford Univ, MIPS, Dept Radiol, Bio X Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ma, Xiaowei; Cheng, Kai; Bu, Lihong; Cheng, Zhen] Stanford Univ, Canary Ctr Stanford Canc Early Detect, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Trabue, Steven] USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Benny, PD (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.; Cheng, Z (reprint author), Stanford Univ, MIPS, Dept Radiol, Bio X Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Cheng, Z (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Canary Ctr Stanford Canc Early Detect, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM zcheng@stanford.edu; bennyp@wsu.edu RI Cheng, Zhen/K-2843-2012 FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0008397]; NIH/NIGMS Biotechnology Training Program at Washington State University [T32 GM008336]; Auvil Fellows Program; College of Arts and Sciences; Chemistry Department at Washington State University FX The authors wish to thank Mary Dyszlewski of Covidien, Inc., for the Isolink kits and Dr. Gerhard Munske of the Washington State University Molecular Biology and Genomics Core for performing the MALDI-TOF analysis. This research was funded in part by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0008397), the NIH/NIGMS Biotechnology Training Program at Washington State University (Institutional Award T32 GM008336), the Auvil Fellows Program, the College of Arts and Sciences, and the Chemistry Department at Washington State University. NR 84 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 27 IS 1 BP 130 EP 142 DI 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00531 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA DB6UQ UT WOS:000368651600015 PM 26603218 ER PT J AU Wood, TE Matthews, D Vandecar, K Lawrence, D AF Wood, Tana E. Matthews, Danielle Vandecar, Karen Lawrence, Deborah TI Short-term variability in labile soil phosphorus is positively related to soil moisture in a humid tropical forest in Puerto Rico SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Tropical forest; Luquillo experimental forest; Phosphorus; Bray-1 P; Diurnal; La Selva Biological Station ID AMAZONIAN RAIN-FOREST; CO2 EFFLUX; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; TEMPORAL VARIATION; LEAF-LITTER; COSTA-RICA; GAS FLUXES; NUTRIENT; DYNAMICS AB Primary productivity in tropical forests is often considered limited by phosphorus (P) availability. Microbial activity is a key regulator of available P through organic matter decomposition (supply) as well as microbial immobilization (depletion). Environmental conditions, such as soil moisture and temperature can fluctuate significantly on hourly to daily time-scales in tropical forested ecosystems. Given the ability of microbes to respond rapidly to changing environmental conditions we would expect concomitant changes in the available soil P pool. Despite the potential for soil P availability to vary on short time-scales, research that investigates hourly to daily changes in the available soil P pool in tropical forests is extremely rare. We quantified diurnal fluctuations in labile soil P and the importance of biotic and abiotic factors in driving these patterns in a wet tropical forest in Puerto Rico. Hourly measurements of Bray-extractable P were made from sunrise to sunset on five separate days along with measurements of soil temperature, moisture, pH, soil respiration, and solar radiation. While we found no significant diurnal variation in labile P, it did, however, vary significantly across the five sample days (2.8-3.8 A mu g/g). The day-to-day variation in labile P was positively related to soil moisture (R-2 = 0.42, p = 0.009). These findings illustrate the potential for rapid change in the available P pool in response to variable soil moisture status as well as the importance of considering soil moisture conditions when estimating P availability in the humid tropics. C1 [Wood, Tana E.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Jardin Bot Sur, 1201 Calle Ceiba, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. [Wood, Tana E.] Fdn Puertorriquena Conservac, POB 362495, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Matthews, Danielle; Vandecar, Karen; Lawrence, Deborah] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, POB 400123, Charlottesville, VA 22902 USA. RP Wood, TE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Jardin Bot Sur, 1201 Calle Ceiba, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. EM tanawood@fs.fed.us FU NOAA Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship; University of Virginia College of Arts Sciences; USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry as part of the Long Term Ecological Research Program FX We would like to thank Dr. Ariel E. Lugo and Dr. Whendee L. Silver for their invaluable support. We additionally thank C. Torrens and B. Quintero who helped in the laboratory and the field. Support for this research was provided by a NOAA Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship to TEW and a University of Virginia College of Arts & Sciences Small Research and Travel Grant to DM. This research was additionally supported by the USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry as part of the Long Term Ecological Research Program. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JAN PY 2016 VL 127 IS 1 BP 35 EP 43 DI 10.1007/s10533-015-0150-z PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DB7UT UT WOS:000368722700003 ER PT J AU Carrillo, Y Dijkstra, FA LeCain, D Pendall, E AF Carrillo, Yolima Dijkstra, Feike A. LeCain, Dan Pendall, Elise TI Mediation of soil C decomposition by arbuscular mycorrizhal fungi in grass rhizospheres under elevated CO2 SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Arbuscular mycorrhizae; Decomposition; Elevated CO2; Grasses; Priming; Rhizosphere ID MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; CARBON STORAGE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; GLOBAL CHANGE; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; PLANT COMMUNITY; NITROGEN; RESPONSES; ECOSYSTEM AB Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AMF) function has mostly been studied from the plant perspective, but there is a shortage of empirical assessments of their ecosystem level impacts on soil carbon (C). Our understanding of the role of AMF on C processing belowground has been restricted mostly to fresh plant residues, not stabilized soil organic matter. The mechanisms by which elevated CO2 (eCO(2)) alter soil C remain an open question but AMF likely play a role via C and nutrients, which could in turn, be plant species dependent. We assessed AMF as mediators of C processing in the rhizosphere of two grasses under eCO(2). We exposed a C-4 and a C-3 grass to a combination of ambient and eCO(2) with and without modification of the AMF communities and using stable isotopes quantified the respiration of native soil C (as rhizosphere priming), its contribution to dissolved and microbial C and the final remaining C pool. The AMF treatment impacted soil C respiration under the C-3-plant and only under eCO(2). eCO(2) suppressed decomposition (negative priming) but this effect disappeared when the AMF community was reduced. In contrast to studies of fresh plant residues suggesting that AMF can enhance C loss, our observations indicate that AMF may promote C storage in the soil organic matter pool. Results support that AMF can mediate the effect of eCO(2) on soil C in the rhizosphere of some plant species, a potential mechanism explaining variation in impacts of eCO(2) on soil C storage and C balances across species and ecosystems. C1 [Carrillo, Yolima; Pendall, Elise] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW, Australia. [Dijkstra, Feike A.] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr & Environm, Ctr Carbon Water & Food, Camden, NSW, Australia. [LeCain, Dan] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Pendall, Elise] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Carrillo, Y (reprint author), Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW, Australia. EM y.carrillo@westernsydney.edu.au OI Pendall, Elise/0000-0002-1651-8969 FU University of Wyoming; National Science Foundation [1021559 DEB]; USDA-CSREES Soil Processes Program [2008-35107-18655]; US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program; Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University; Australian Research Council [FT100100779] FX We thank Jennifer Bell, Courtney Ellis, Joanne Newcomb, Lyndsy Soltau, Janet Chen, Jana Heisler-White, Marcus Brock and Matthew Rubin for assistance in the field and in the laboratory. This material is based upon work supported by the University of Wyoming through a Grant-in-Aid of Research, National Science Foundation (Grant No. 1021559 DEB), USDA-CSREES Soil Processes Program (Grant No. 2008-35107-18655), US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program, the Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University, and by the Australian Research Council (FT100100779). NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 25 U2 59 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JAN PY 2016 VL 127 IS 1 BP 45 EP 55 DI 10.1007/s10533-015-0159-3 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DB7UT UT WOS:000368722700004 ER PT J AU Phillips-Mao, L Galatowitsch, SM Snyder, SA Haight, RG AF Phillips-Mao, Laura Galatowitsch, Susan M. Snyder, Stephanie A. Haight, Robert G. TI Model-based scenario planning to develop climate change adaptation strategies for rare plant populations in grassland reserves SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Cypripedium candidum; Habitat suitability; Metapopulation model; Monitoring; Invasion; Rare plants ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; PROTECTED AREAS; GLOBAL CHANGE; MANAGEMENT; PERSISTENCE; CYPRIPEDIUM; ECOSYSTEMS; FRAMEWORK; DORMANCY; ORCHIDS AB Incorporating climate change into conservation decision-making at site and population scales is challenging due to uncertainties associated with localized climate change impacts and population responses to multiple interacting impacts and adaptation strategies. We explore the use of spatially explicit population models to facilitate scenario analysis, a conservation planning approach for situations of high uncertainty. We developed dynamic, linked habitat suitability and metapopulation models using RAMAS GIS to consider management and monitoring options for a grassland reserve in Minnesota (USA) in order to support a hydrologically sensitive rare orchid (Cypripedium candidum). We evaluated 54 future scenarios combining changes in drought frequency, increased depth to water table, and multiple configurations of increased invasive species cover and management. Simulation results allowed us to prioritize adaptation strategies and monitoring guidelines to inform adaptive management for our model system. For example, preventing further spread of invasive species into the current C. candidum population is an important low-risk resilience strategy for this site. However, under more serious climate change scenarios, higher-risk strategies, such as protecting critical recharge areas, become essential. Additionally, allocating limited monitoring resources toward detecting changes in depth to water table and assessing C. candidum population responses to severe drought will more efficiently inform decisions about when to shift from low-risk resilience approaches to higher-risk resistance and facilitation strategies. Applying this scenario based modeling approach to other high-priority populations will enable conservation decision-makers to develop sound, cost-effective, site-specific management and monitoring protocols despite the uncertainties of climate change. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Phillips-Mao, Laura; Galatowitsch, Susan M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 135 Skok Hall,2003 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Snyder, Stephanie A.; Haight, Robert G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Phillips-Mao, L (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 135 Skok Hall,2003 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM phil0308@umn.edu FU US Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX Funding for this project was generously provided by the US Forest Service, Northern Research Station. We are grateful to Dr. H. Re it Ackcakaya for guidance in using RAMAS GIS, and to Dr. Aaron Rendahl for valuable feedback on statistical analyses. We also thank Drs. Laura Van Riper, Lynne Westphall, and Anthony Starfield for their thoughtful comments on an earlier draft of this article. C. candidum occurrence data used in the models were provided by the Division of Ecological and Water Resources, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR), and were current as of October 2012. These data are not based on an exhaustive inventory of the state, and the lack of data for any geographic area shall not be construed to mean that no C. candidum are present. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 193 BP 103 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.10.010 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC1GB UT WOS:000368963700012 ER PT J AU Nakano, H Kosemura, S Mamonov, LK Cantrell, CL AF Nakano, Hiroshi Kosemura, Seiji Mamonov, Leonid K. Cantrell, Charles L. TI 8-O-Acetyl-7-O-Methylgossypetin from Atraphaxis laetevirens SO CHEMISTRY OF NATURAL COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION; CONSTITUENTS; NAPHTHALENE C1 [Nakano, Hiroshi] NARO Inst Crop Sci, 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058518, Japan. [Nakano, Hiroshi] NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agr Res Ctr, 496 Izumi, Fukuoka 8330041, Japan. [Nakano, Hiroshi; Cantrell, Charles L.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Kosemura, Seiji] Keio Univ, Dept Chem, Kohoku Ku, Hiyoshi Campus,4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238521, Japan. [Mamonov, Leonid K.] Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Timiryazeva 45, Alma Ata 05040, Kazakhstan. RP Nakano, H (reprint author), NARO Inst Crop Sci, 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058518, Japan.; Nakano, H (reprint author), NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agr Res Ctr, 496 Izumi, Fukuoka 8330041, Japan.; Nakano, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM nakanohr@affrc.go.jp FU International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) [K1896] FX The authors thank Solomon Green III and Amber Reichley, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, USDA-ARS, for their technical assistance. Financial support in part from the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) project K1896 is greatly appreciated. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0009-3130 EI 1573-8388 J9 CHEM NAT COMPD+ JI Chem. Nat. Compd. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 52 IS 1 BP 127 EP 129 DI 10.1007/s10600-016-1567-x PG 3 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA DB7MK UT WOS:000368699400032 ER PT J AU Zhang, LB Liu, YQ Hao, L AF Zhang, Libo Liu, Yongqiang Hao, Lu TI Contributions of open crop straw burning emissions to PM2.5 concentrations in China SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE straw burning; air pollution; monthly and annual emissions; PM2.5 inventories in China cities ID GLOBAL FIRE EMISSIONS; AIR-QUALITY; MODELING SYSTEM; WHEAT-STRAW; PARTICULATE; DIOXIDE; AEROSOL AB PM2.5 inventories have been developed in major Chinese cities to quantify the contributions from various sources based on annual emissions. This approach, however, could substantially underestimate the contribution from open straw burning during the harvest or other active burning periods. This study examines this issue by estimating monthly and annual straw-burning PM2.5 emissions in China and comparing with them with the corresponding emissions from other anthropogenic sources. Annually burned strawPM(2.5) emissions during 1997 similar to 2013 for 31 China provinces were calculated based on crop and related burning information for 12 months based on satellite detection of agricultural burning. Annual emissions from other anthropogenic sources were collected from the literature and allocated to monthly values using air pollution index measurements. The results indicate that the annual PM2.5 emissions from open straw burning in China were 1.036 m tons. The monthly PM2.5 emission ratios of straw burning to other anthropogenic sources during June, the harvest period for many regions, were several times larger than the annual ratios at national, regional, and province levels, suggesting that, in contrast to annual emissions that were used in the PM2.5 inventories in Chinese cities to assess the contributions from other sources, monthly emissions should be used to assess the contributions from straw burning during the harvest or other active burning periods. The larger contributions from straw burning shown in this study also suggest that substantial reduction of open field straw burning would dramatically improve air quality in many Chinese regions during the harvest or other active burning periods. C1 [Zhang, Libo; Hao, Lu] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Coll Appl Meteorol, Int Ctr Ecol Meteorol & Environm, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yongqiang] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Liu, YQ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, USDA, Athens, GA USA. EM yliu@fs.fed.us FU International Center for Ecology, Meteorology and Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China; USDA Forest Service; [USDA-NIFA-2013-35100-20516]; [NSFC-71373130] FX The authors would like to thank two reviewers for their constructive and insightful comments and suggestions, which contributed to the improvement of the manuscript in both science and writing. This study was supported by the International Center for Ecology, Meteorology and Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China and USDA Forest Service. The funds were from USDA-NIFA-2013-35100-20516 and NSFC-71373130. The satellite remote sensed fire data were obtained from the global fire emissions dataset (GFED). The air pollution index (API) data were obtained from the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 13 U2 33 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR 014014 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/11/1/014014 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DB8YT UT WOS:000368803800017 ER PT J AU Ebel, ED Williams, MS Golden, NJ Schlosser, WD Travis, C AF Ebel, E. D. Williams, M. S. Golden, N. J. Schlosser, W. D. Travis, C. TI Time valuation of historical outbreak attribution data SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Attributable fraction; Bayesian inference; Salmonella; time series ID UNITED-STATES; MODEL AB Human illness attribution is recognized as an important metric for prioritizing and informing food-safety decisions and for monitoring progress towards long-term food-safety goals. Inferences regarding the proportion of illnesses attributed to a specific commodity class are often based on analyses of datasets describing the number of outbreaks in a given year or combination of years. In many countries, the total number of pathogen-related outbreaks reported nationwide for an implicated food source is often fewer than 50 instances in a given year and the number of years for which data are available can be fewer than 10. Therefore, a high degree of uncertainty is associated with the estimated fraction of pathogen-related outbreaks attributed to a general food commodity. Although it is possible to make inferences using only data from the most recent year, this type of estimation strategy ignores the data collected in previous years. Thus, a strong argument exists for an estimator that could 'borrow strength' from data collected in the previous years by combining the current data with the data from previous years. While many estimators exist for combining multiple years of data, most either require more data than is currently available or lack an objective and biologically plausible theoretical basis. This study introduces an estimation strategy that progressively reduces the influence of data collected in past years in accordance with the degree of departure from a Poisson process. The methodology is applied to the estimation of the attribution fraction for Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 for common food commodities and the estimates are compared against two alternative estimators. C1 [Ebel, E. D.; Williams, M. S.; Golden, N. J.; Schlosser, W. D.] USDA, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Travis, C.] Leidos Inc, Reston, VA USA. RP Williams, MS (reprint author), USDA, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM mike.williams@fsis.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 144 IS 2 BP 396 EP 407 DI 10.1017/S0950268815001193 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DB6PW UT WOS:000368638100022 PM 26095014 ER PT J AU Monson, EI Lignell, DO Werner, C Hintze, RS Finney, MA Jozefik, Z Kerstein, AR AF Monson, Elizabeth I. Lignell, David O. Werner, Chris Hintze, Ryan S. Finney, Mark A. Jozefik, Zoltan Kerstein, Alan R. TI Simulation of Ethylene Wall Fires Using the Spatially-Evolving One-Dimensional Turbulence Model SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Wall flame; Ethylene; One-dimensional turbulence; Fire ID LARGE-EDDY-SIMULATION; REACTION-MECHANISMS; NONPREMIXED FLAMES; SOOT FORMATION; VERTICAL WALL; JET FLAMES; FUEL BEDS; EXTINCTION; FORMULATION; CONVECTION AB The mechanism of flame propagation in fuel beds of wildland fires is important to understand in order to quantify fire spread rates. Fires spread by radiative and convective heating and in some cases require direct flame contact to achieve ignition. The flame in an advancing fire is unsteady and turbulent, making study of intermittent flames in complex fuels difficult. A 1.83 m tall, 0.61 m wide vertical wall fire, in which ethylene fuel is slowly fed through a porous ceramic, is modeled to investigate unsteady turbulent flames in a controlled environment. Three fuel flow rates of 235, 390, and 470 L/min are considered. Simulations of this configuration are performed using a spatial formulation of the one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model which is able to resolve individual flames (a key property of this model) and has been shown to provide turbulent statistics that compare well with experimental data for a number of flow configurations including wall fires. In the ODT model diffusion-reaction equations are solved along a notional line of sight perpendicular to the wall that is advanced vertically. Turbulent advection is modeled through stochastic domain mapping processes. A new Darrieus-Landau combustion instability model is incorporated in the ODT eddy selection process. The ODT model is shown to capture the evolution of the flame and describe the intermittent properties at the flame/air interface. Simulations include radiation and soot effects and are compared to experimental temperature measurements. Simulated mean temperatures differ from the experiments by an average of 63 K over all measurement points for the three fuel flow rates. Predicted root mean square temperature fluctuations capture the trends in the experimental data, but overestimate the raw experimental values by a factor of two. This difference is discussed using thermocouple response and heat transfer correction models. Simulated velocity, soot, and radiation properties are also reported. C1 [Monson, Elizabeth I.; Lignell, David O.; Werner, Chris; Hintze, Ryan S.] Brigham Young Univ, 350 CB, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Finney, Mark A.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 5775 W US Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Jozefik, Zoltan] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Siemens Halske Ring 14, D-03046 Cottbus, Germany. RP Lignell, DO (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, 350 CB, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM davidlignell@byu.edu FU USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station FX This work was supported by the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0015-2684 EI 1572-8099 J9 FIRE TECHNOL JI Fire Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 52 IS 1 SI SI BP 167 EP 196 DI 10.1007/s10694-014-0441-2 PG 30 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DB7RW UT WOS:000368714700009 ER PT J AU Hoffman, CM Ziegler, J Canfield, J Linn, RR Mell, W Sieg, CH Pimont, F AF Hoffman, C. M. Ziegler, J. Canfield, J. Linn, R. R. Mell, W. Sieg, C. H. Pimont, F. TI Evaluating Crown Fire Rate of Spread Predictions from Physics-Based Models SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Physics-based model; Fire behavior; HIGRAD/FIRETEC; Wildland Urban Interface Fire Dynamics Simulator; WFDS ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; LODGEPOLE PINE FORESTS; WIND-FLOWS; JACK PINE; FUEL BEDS; BEHAVIOR; PROPAGATION; CANOPY; VALIDATION; ATMOSPHERE AB Modeling the behavior of crown fires is challenging due to the complex set of coupled processes that drive the characteristics of a spreading wildfire and the large range of spatial and temporal scales over which these processes occur. Detailed physics-based modeling approaches such as FIRETEC and the Wildland Urban Interface Fire Dynamics Simulator (WFDS) simulate fire behavior using computational fluid dynamics based methods to numerically solve the three-dimensional, time dependent, model equations that govern, to some approximation, the component physical processes and their interactions that drive fire behavior. Both of these models have had limited evaluation and have not been assessed for predicting crown fire behavior. In this paper, we utilized a published set of field-scale measured crown fire rate of spread (ROS) data to provide a coarse assessment of crown fire ROS predictions from previously published studies that have utilized WFDS or FIRETEC. Overall, 86% of all simulated ROS values using WFDS or FIRETEC fell within the 95% prediction interval of the empirical data, which was above the goal of 75% for dynamic ecological modeling. However, scarcity of available empirical data is a bottleneck for further assessment of model performance. C1 [Hoffman, C. M.; Ziegler, J.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Canfield, J.; Linn, R. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Mell, W.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA USA. [Sieg, C. H.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Pimont, F.] INRA, Ecol Forets Mediterraneennes, UR629, Avignon, France. [Hoffman, C. M.] Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, 1472 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Hoffman, CM (reprint author), Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, 1472 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM c.hoffman@colostate.edu OI Hoffman, Chad/0000-0001-8715-937X FU Joint Fire Science Program [13-1-04-53]; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; General Joint Venture [PNW 12-JV-11261987-102] FX This research was supported in part by Joint Fire Science Program project 13-1-04-53, USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, General Joint Venture Agreement No. PNW 12-JV-11261987-102, USDA Forest Service Research (both Rocky Mountain Research Station and Washington office) National Fire Plan Dollars through Research Joint Venture Agreement 11-JV-11221633-207 with Colorado State University, and Interagency Agreements 09-IA-11221633-215 and 13-IA-11221633-103 with Los Alamos National Laboratory. NR 76 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0015-2684 EI 1572-8099 J9 FIRE TECHNOL JI Fire Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 52 IS 1 SI SI BP 221 EP 237 DI 10.1007/s10694-015-0500-3 PG 17 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DB7RW UT WOS:000368714700011 ER PT J AU Miller, TA Brooks, RP Lanzone, MJ Brandes, D Cooper, J Tremblay, JA Wilhelm, J Duerr, A Katzner, TE AF Miller, Tricia A. Brooks, Robert P. Lanzone, Michael J. Brandes, David Cooper, Jeff Tremblay, Junior A. Wilhelm, Jay Duerr, Adam Katzner, Todd E. TI Limitations and mechanisms influencing the migratory performance of soaring birds SO IBIS LA English DT Article DE Golden Eagle; migration; migration phenology; migratory wandering; movement ecology; path sinuosity ID DIFFERENTIAL MIGRATION; MODEL SELECTION; FLIGHT BEHAVIOR; AVIAN MIGRATION; HAWK MOUNTAIN; WIND; SPEED; PENNSYLVANIA; ORIENTATION; INFERENCE AB Migration is costly in terms of time, energy and safety. Optimal migration theory suggests that individual migratory birds will choose between these three costs depending on their motivation and available resources. To test hypotheses about use of migratory strategies by large soaring birds, we used GPS telemetry to track 18 adult, 13 sub-adult and 15 juvenile Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos in eastern North America. Each age-class had potentially different motivations during migration. During spring, the migratory performance (defined here as the directness of migratory flight) of adults was higher than that of any other age-classes. Adults also departed earlier and spent less time migrating. Together, these patterns suggest that adults were primarily time-limited and the other two age-classes were energy-limited. However, adults that migrated the longest distances during spring also appeared to take advantage of energy-conservation strategies such as decreasing their compensation for wind drift. During autumn, birds of all age-classes were primarily energy-minimizers; they increased the length of stopovers, flew less direct routes and migrated at a slower pace than during spring. Nonetheless, birds that departed later in autumn flew more directly, indicating that time limitations may have affected their decision-making. During both seasons, juveniles had the lowest performance, sub-adults intermediate performance and adults the highest performance. Our results show age- and seasonal variation in time and energy-minimization strategies that are not necessarily exclusive of one another. Beyond time and energy, a complex suite of factors, including weather, experience and navigation ability, influences migratory performance and decision-making. C1 [Miller, Tricia A.] Penn State Univ, Intercoll Grad Degree Program Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Miller, Tricia A.; Duerr, Adam; Katzner, Todd E.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Brooks, Robert P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geog, Riparia, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lanzone, Michael J.] Cellular Tracking Technol, Somerset, PA 15501 USA. [Brandes, David] Lafayette Coll, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Easton, PA 18042 USA. [Cooper, Jeff] Virginia Dept Game & Inland Fisheries, Fredericksburg, VA 22401 USA. [Tremblay, Junior A.] Environm Canada, Quebec City, PQ G1J 0C3, Canada. [Wilhelm, Jay] W Virginia Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Katzner, Todd E.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. [Katzner, Todd E.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA. RP Miller, TA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Intercoll Grad Degree Program Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM tricia.miller@mail.wvu.edu FU VA Dept. of Game and Inland Fisheries through Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration grant from USFWS; PA SWG [T-12, T47-R-1]; US DoE [DE-EE0003538]; Charles A. and Anne Morrow Lindbergh Foundation; Penn State Earth and Environmental Institute Graduate Fellowship; Penn State Ecology Fellowship FX Funding for this work was received from the VA Dept. of Game and Inland Fisheries through a Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration grant from USFWS, PA SWG grants T-12 and T47-R-1, US DoE grant DE-EE0003538, Charles A. and Anne Morrow Lindbergh Foundation, Penn State Earth and Environmental Institute Graduate Fellowship, Penn State Ecology Fellowship, and the authors' organizations. Scientific article No. 3264 of the West Virginia Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Morgantown. Use of Golden Eagles for this research was approved by the West Virginia University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocol #11-0304 and the Animal Care Committee of the Ministere des Forets, de la Faune et des Parcs (permits CPA-FAUNE 07-00-11; CPA-FAUNE 08-00-26; CPA-FAUNE-2009-06; CPA-FAUNE-2011-10; CPA-FAUNE-2012-11). Telemetry data were provided by J.A.T. and Charles Maisonnueve from Quebec Ministere des Forets, de la Faune et des Parcs, and J.C., T.A.M and T.E.K. M.L. is an owner of Cellular Tracking Technologies that manufactures GPS-GSM transmitters used in this project. We thank the dozens of people who assisted us with field work and data collection. Insightful comments on the manuscript were provided by G. Young, M. Brittingham-Brant, M. Gannon and Keith Bildstein. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 14 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0019-1019 EI 1474-919X J9 IBIS JI Ibis PD JAN PY 2016 VL 158 IS 1 BP 116 EP 134 DI 10.1111/ibi.12331 PG 19 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA DB7WM UT WOS:000368727700011 ER PT J AU Walsh, JM Ren, XB Zampariello, C Polasky, DA Mckay, DL Blumberg, JB Chen, CYO AF Walsh, Jason M. Ren, Xiaobai Zampariello, Carly Polasky, Daniel A. Mckay, Diane L. Blumberg, Jeffrey B. Chen, C. -Y. Oliver TI Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry quantification of urinary proanthocyanin A2 dimer and its potential use as a biomarker of cranberry intake SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Biomarkers; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Proanthocyanidin; Urine ID BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS; JUICE; PLASMA; CONSUMPTION; FLAVONOIDS; EXCRETION; HEALTH; WOMEN; CONSTITUENTS; ANTHOCYANIN AB The lack of a biomarker for the consumption of cranberries has confounded the interpretation of several studies investigating the effect of cranberry products, especially juices, on health outcomes. The objectives of this pilot study were to develop a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric method for the quantification of the proanthocyanin dimer A-2 in human urine and validate urinary proanthocyanin dimer A-2 as a biomarker of cranberry intake. Five healthy, nonsmoking, premenopausal women (20-30 years of age, body mass index: 18.5-25 kg/m(2)) were assigned to consume a cranberry beverage containing 140 mg proanthocyanin and 35 kilocalories at 237 mL/day, according to a weekly dosing schedule for 7 weeks. Eleven 24 h and morning spot urine samples each were collected from each subject. A reliable, sensitive method for the detection of proanthocyanin dimer A-2 in urine using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was developed with a limit of quantitation of 0.25 ng/mL and a relative standard deviation of 7.26%, precision of 5.7%, and accuracy of 91.7%. While proanthocyanin dimer A-2 was quantifiable in urine, it did not appear to be excreted in a concentration that corresponded to the dosing schedule and intake of cranberry juice. C1 [Walsh, Jason M.; Ren, Xiaobai; Zampariello, Carly; Polasky, Daniel A.; Mckay, Diane L.; Blumberg, Jeffrey B.; Chen, C. -Y. Oliver] Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chen, CYO (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM oliver.chen@tufts.edu FU Cranberry Institute; USDA/Agricultural Research Service [1950-5100-087] FX This work was supported by the Cranberry Institute and the USDA/Agricultural Research Service (Cooperative Agreement No. 1950-5100-087). JW performed the statistical analysis and prepared the manuscript. XR and CZ contributed to the method development and data collection. DM contributed to the study design. JBB contributed to the study design and manuscript preparation. CYOC contributed to the method development, study design, data interpretation, and manuscript preparation. JBB is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Cranberry Institute. All the other authors report no conflict of interest. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 16 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9306 EI 1615-9314 J9 J SEP SCI JI J. Sep. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 39 IS 2 BP 342 EP 349 DI 10.1002/jssc.201500922 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA DC0AE UT WOS:000368878200014 PM 26573891 ER PT J AU Yan, RJ Huang, Z Zhu, HK Johnson, JA Wang, SJ AF Yan, Rongjun Huang, Zhi Zhu, Hankun Johnson, Judy A. Wang, Shaojin TI Simulation of heating uniformity in a heating block system modified for controlled atmosphere treatments SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Controlled atmosphere; Heating block system; Heating rate; Insects; Simulation; Temperature distribution ID THERMAL-DEATH KINETICS; TRANSITELLA WALKER LEPIDOPTERA; RADIO-FREQUENCY TREATMENTS; POMONELLA L. LEPIDOPTERA; CODLING MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; FRUIT-FLY; TORTRICIDAE; RESISTANCE; DISINFESTATION; COLEOPTERA AB Reliable and repeatable insect thermal mortality data rely on the performance of a heating device. Computer simulation has been widely used to optimize structures, design parameters and process conditions. To improve the temperature uniformity of a heating block system (HBS), a computer model was developed using finite element software COMSOL. Good agreement was obtained between the simulated and experimental block surface temperatures at three positions of the HBS and three heating rates. The validated computer model was further used to predict the effects of heating rates, the position of test insects and the addition of gases on the block and air temperature distributions. Simulation results showed that increasing heating rate reduced heating uniformity. The position of test insects in the treatment chamber largely affected their heating rate, with a position closer to the surface of the heat block providing a better temperature match between test insects and the HBS. When gas was added, block temperatures within the treatment chamber, particularly near the gas inlet, were influenced by gas speeds, temperatures and the gas channel design. The heating uniformity in the treatment chamber of the HBS was improved by heating the gas before adding it to the HBS, by routing the gas channel through the heating block to preheat the gas, and by using a relatively slow gas speed. The simulation results demonstrated that the validated computer model could be a reliable tool to evaluate the heating performance of the HBS for studying insect thermal death kinetics and optimize treatment conditions for the HBS when modified to include controlled atmospheres. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yan, Rongjun; Huang, Zhi; Zhu, Hankun; Wang, Shaojin] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Johnson, Judy A.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Wang, Shaojin] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Wang, SJ (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM shaojinwang@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China [20120204110022]; General Program of National Natural Science Foundation in China [31371853] FX This research was supported by research grants from Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20120204110022) and General Program of National Natural Science Foundation in China (No. 31371853). NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 65 BP 19 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2015.11.003 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DB9XF UT WOS:000368870300004 ER PT J AU Sapkota, R Skantar, AM Nicolaisen, M AF Sapkota, Rumakanta Skantar, Andrea M. Nicolaisen, Mogens TI A TaqMan real-time PCR assay for detection of Meloidogyne hapla in root galls and in soil SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carrot; Daucus carota; diagnostics; ITS; plant-parasitic nematode; root-knot nematode ID PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; DIRECT QUANTIFICATION; POPULATION-DENSITIES; SATELLITE DNA; CROP LOSSES; M-FALLAX; MANAGEMENT; IDENTIFICATION; INCOGNITA; CHITWOODI AB Early detection and quantification of Meloidogyne hapla in soil is essential for effective disease management. The purpose of this study was to develop a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. hapla in soil. Primers and a TaqMan probe were designed for M. hapla detection. The assay detected M. hapla and showed no significant amplification of DNA from non-target nematodes. The assay was able to detect M. hapla in a background of plant and soil DNA. A dilution series of M. hapla eggs in soil showed a high correlation (R-2 = 0.95, P < 0.001) with Ct values. The assay could predict root-knot development in carrots by testing soils before planting. The assay could be useful for management decisions in carrot cultivation. C1 [Sapkota, Rumakanta; Nicolaisen, Mogens] Aarhus Univ, Dept Agroecol, Fac Sci & Technol, Forsogsvej 1, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark. [Skantar, Andrea M.] Agr Res Serv, Nematol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Nicolaisen, M (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Agroecol, Fac Sci & Technol, Forsogsvej 1, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark. EM mn@agro.au.dk RI Nicolaisen, Mogens/H-3574-2016 OI Nicolaisen, Mogens/0000-0002-0407-2488 FU GUDP, Denmark [3405-11-0364] FX This work was supported by GUDP (grant No. 3405-11-0364), Denmark. The authors wish to thank Lars Moller for his assistance in collecting soil samples, Gerrit Karssen for providing Meloidogyne species, and Maria Hult for excellent technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 13 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2016 VL 18 BP 147 EP 154 DI 10.1163/15685411-00002950 PN 2 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DC2WU UT WOS:000369080300003 ER PT J AU Zunino, SJ Storms, DH Freytag, TL Adkins, YC Bonnel, EL Woodhouse, LR Breksa, AP Manners, GD Mackey, BE Kelley, DS AF Zunino, Susan J. Storms, David H. Freytag, Tammy L. Adkins, Yuriko C. Bonnel, Ellen L. Woodhouse, Leslie R. Breksa, Andrew P., III Manners, Gary D. Mackey, Bruce E. Kelley, Darshan S. TI Dietary supplementation with purified citrus limonin glucoside does not alter ex vivo functions of circulating T lymphocytes or monocytes in overweight/obese human adults SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Citrus limonin glucoside; Monocytes; T lymphocytes; Cytokines; Overweight/obese humans ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; INDUCED OBESE MICE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CELL-PROLIFERATION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; LIMONOIDS; INFLAMMATION AB Overweight/obesity is associated with chronic inflammation and impairs both innate and adaptive immune responses. Limonoids found in citrus fruits decreased cell proliferation and inflammation in animal studies. We hypothesized that limonin glucoside (LG) supplementation in vivo will decrease the ex vivo proliferation of T cells and the production of inflammatory cytokines by monocytes and T cells. In a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study, 10 overweight/obese human subjects were served purified LG or placebo drinks for 56 days each to determine the effects of LG on immune cell functions. The percentage of CD14+CD36+ cells in whole blood was analyzed by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and activated with CD3 plus CD28 antibodies (T-lymphocyte activation) or lipopolysaccharide (monocyte activation). Interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL) 2, IL-4, and IL-10 were measured in supernatants from activated T cells. Supernatants from activated monocytes were analyzed for the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were prestained with PKH dye and activated with CD3 plus CD28 antibodies to determine the proliferative responses of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by flow cytometry. No differences were observed for CD14+CD36+ monocyte populations, T-cell proliferation, or the production of T cell and monocyte cytokines between the 2 treatments. Thus, LG supplementation in vivo did not affect ex vivo functions of T cells and monocytes, whereas it decreased several circulating markers of hepatic inflammation as we previously reported. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zunino, Susan J.; Storms, David H.; Freytag, Tammy L.; Adkins, Yuriko C.; Woodhouse, Leslie R.; Kelley, Darshan S.] ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bonnel, Ellen L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Breksa, Andrew P., III; Manners, Gary D.; Mackey, Bruce E.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kelley, DS (reprint author), ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM darshan.kelley@ars.usda.gov FU Coca-Cola Company, 1 Coca-Cola Plaza, Atlanta, USA [GA 30313]; US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (CRIS) [5306-51530-017-00D]; CRIS [5306-51530-018-00D] FX This study was supported by a grant from The Coca-Cola Company, 1 Coca-Cola Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30313, USA, and the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (CRIS no. 5306-51530-017-00D and CRIS no. 5306-51530-018-00D). No conflicts of interest are present for any of the authors. US Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 36 IS 1 BP 24 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.10.011 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DB8GQ UT WOS:000368755600004 PM 26773778 ER PT J AU Moore, CE Liu, Y AF Moore, Carolyn E. Liu, Yan TI Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with total adiposity of children in the United States: National Health and Examination Survey 2005 to 2006 SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Vitamin D; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Adiposity; Cross sectional; Children ID BODY-MASS INDEX; VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY; US CHILDREN; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; RISK; CHILDHOOD; GUIDELINE AB A negative association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamn D (25[OH]D) concentrations and adiposity has been found in adults. We hypothesized that serum 25(OH)D concentrations of children would correlate positively with vitamin D intake and correlate negatively with adiposity measures. Using a nationally representative sample of children aged 6 to 18 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 (n = 2492), serum 25(OH)D concentrations were compared with measures of adiposity (weight, waist circumference [WC], WC-to-height ratio, body mass index, skinfold thickness, and percent body fat). Based on Endocrine Society's serum 25(OH)D concentration criteria, 26.9% +/- 2.3% of the children were vitamin D deficient (<20 ng/mL) and 26.5% +/- 2.6% had sufficient levels (>= 30 ng/mL). Controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, and income, linear regression analysis indicated that dietary vitamin D intake was positively associated with serum 25(OH)D levels (P < .05) and markers of adiposity were negatively associated with serum 25(OH)D levels: WC, WC-to-height ratio, body mass index, and triceps skinfold thickness (P < .05). A subgroup analysis (n = 2086; 8-18 years) of body fat, fat mass index, and percent body fat measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry also was negatively associated with serum 25(OH)D levels (P < .05). When standardized beta coefficients were compared, strength of the inverse relationship to serum 25(OH)D concentrations was very similar for several adiposity measures. In conclusion, risk of a vitamin D deficiency was fairly common among children based on Endocrine Society criteria and low serum 25(OH)D concentrations were strongly associated with increased adiposity in children. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Moore, Carolyn E.] Texas Womans Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 6700 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Liu, Yan] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Moore, CE (reprint author), Texas Womans Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 6700 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM cmoore8@twu.edu FU Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Houston, TX FX All authors have no conflicts of interest to report. This study was supported internally by the Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Houston, TX. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 36 IS 1 BP 72 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.11.003 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DB8GQ UT WOS:000368755600009 PM 26773783 ER PT J AU Evans, JA Tranel, PJ Hager, AG Schutte, B Wu, CX Chatham, LA Davis, AS AF Evans, Jeffrey A. Tranel, Patrick J. Hager, Aaron G. Schutte, Brian Wu, Chenxi Chatham, Laura A. Davis, Adam S. TI Managing the evolution of herbicide resistance SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE resistance evolution; glyphosate resistance; Amaranthus tuberculatus; common waterhemp; modes of action; herbicide rotation; herbicide mixing ID WATERHEMP AMARANTHUS-TUBERCULATUS; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; PALMER AMARANTH; BETA-DIVERSITY; FITNESS COST; WEEDS AB BACKGROUNDUnderstanding and managing the evolutionary responses of pests and pathogens to control efforts is essential to human health and survival. Herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds undermine agricultural sustainability, productivity and profitability, yet the epidemiology of resistance evolution-particularly at landscape scales-is poorly understood. We studied glyphosate resistance in a major agricultural weed, Amaranthus tuberculatus (common waterhemp), using landscape, weed and management data from 105 central Illinois grain farms, including over 500 site-years of herbicide application records. RESULTSGlyphosate-resistant (GR) A. tuberculatus occurrence was greatest in fields with frequent glyphosate applications, high annual rates of herbicide mechanism of action (MOA) turnover and few MOAs field(-1) year(-1). Combining herbicide MOAs at the time of application by herbicide mixing reduced the likelihood of GRA. tuberculatus. CONCLUSIONSThese findings illustrate the importance of examining large-scale evolutionary processes at relevant spatial scales. Although measures such as herbicide mixing may delay GR or other HR weed traits, they are unlikely to prevent them. Long-term weed management will require truly diversified management practices that minimize selection for herbicide resistance traits. (c) 2015 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. C1 [Evans, Jeffrey A.; Davis, Adam S.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL USA. [Tranel, Patrick J.; Hager, Aaron G.; Wu, Chenxi; Chatham, Laura A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Schutte, Brian] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Evans, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL USA. EM jeffrey.evans@ars.usda.gov FU USDA NIFA AFRI Project [2012-67013-19343]; Monsanto Co.; Illinois Soybean Association; Soybean Checkoff FX We gratefully acknowledge the cooperation and assistance of the custom retail applicator and helpful comments from Paul Neve, Sarah Ward and Don Ort. Partial support for this study came from USDA NIFA AFRI Project 2012-67013-19343, Monsanto Co. and the Illinois Soybean Association and Soybean Checkoff. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing scientific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 24 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 72 IS 1 BP 74 EP 80 DI 10.1002/ps.4009 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA DC0XN UT WOS:000368941400008 PM 25809409 ER PT J AU Deitloff, J Dunbar, MW Ingber, DA Hibbard, BE Gassmann, AJ AF Deitloff, Jennifer Dunbar, Mike W. Ingber, David A. Hibbard, Bruce E. Gassmann, Aaron J. TI Effects of refuges on the evolution of resistance to transgenic corn by the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE agriculture; insect resistance management; refuge strategy; transgenic crops ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXIN; FIELD-EVOLVED RESISTANCE; COLEOPTERA-CHRYSOMELIDAE; BT MAIZE; INSECT ADAPTATION; LABORATORY COLONIES; EVENT DAS-59122-7; SEED MIXTURES; CROPS; MORTALITY AB BACKGROUNDDiabrotica virgifera virgiferaLeConte is a major pest of corn and causes over a billion dollars of economic loss annually through yield reductions and management costs. Corn producing toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been developed to help manage D. v. virgifera. However, previous studies have demonstrated the ability of this species to evolve resistance to Bt toxins in both laboratory and field settings. RESULTSWe used an experimental evolution approach to test the refuge strategies for delaying resistance of D. v. virgifera to corn producing Bt toxin Cry34/35Ab1. In the absence of refuges, D. v. virgifera developed resistance to Bt corn after three generations of selection. In some cases, non-Bt refuges reduced the level of resistance compared with the strain selected in the absence of refuges, but refuge strains did show reduced susceptibility to Bt corn compared with the unselected strain. CONCLUSIONSIn this study, non-Bt refuges delayed resistance to Bt corn by D. v. virgifera in some cases but not others. Combining the refuge strategy with pyramids of multiple Bt toxins and applying other pest management strategies will likely be necessary to delay resistance of D. v. virgifera to Bt corn. (c) 2015 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Deitloff, Jennifer; Dunbar, Mike W.; Ingber, David A.; Gassmann, Aaron J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA USA. [Deitloff, Jennifer] Lock Haven Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lock Haven, PA USA. [Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Deitloff, J (reprint author), Lock Haven Univ, Biol Sci, East Campus Sci Ctr 204, Lock Haven, PA 17745 USA. EM jmd240@lhup.edu FU Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grant Program from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-33120-20256] FX We thank the Gassmann lab at Iowa State University for reading previous drafts of this manuscript, and DuPont-Pioneer for providing the corn seed used in this study. This research was supported by Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grant Program competitive grant no. 2009-33120-20256 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by Iowa State University or the US Department of Agriculture. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 72 IS 1 BP 190 EP 198 DI 10.1002/ps.3988 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA DC0XN UT WOS:000368941400021 PM 25652190 ER PT S AU Harper, L Gardiner, J Andorf, C Lawrence, CJ AF Harper, Lisa Gardiner, Jack Andorf, Carson Lawrence, Carolyn J. BE Edwards, D TI MaizeGDB: The Maize Genetics and Genomics Database SO PLANT BIOINFORMATICS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS, 2ND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Maize; Database; Genetics; Genomics; Genome; Model organism database ID DATA SETS; RESOURCE AB MaizeGDB is the community database for biological information about the crop plant Zea mays. Genomic, genetic, sequence, gene product, functional characterization, literature reference, and person/organization contact information are among the datatypes stored at MaizeGDB. At the project's website (http://www.maizegdb.org) are custom interfaces enabling researchers to browse data and to seek out specific information matching explicit search criteria. In addition, pre-compiled reports are made available for particular types of data and bulletin boards are provided to facilitate communication and coordination among members of the community of maize geneticists. C1 [Harper, Lisa; Gardiner, Jack; Andorf, Carson] Iowa State Univ, Maize Genet & Genom Database, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Lawrence, Carolyn J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Roy J Carver Colab, Ames, IA USA. RP Harper, L (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Maize Genet & Genom Database, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3167-5; 978-1-4939-3166-8 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1374 BP 187 EP 202 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3167-5_9 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3167-5 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BE2ES UT WOS:000369091900010 PM 26519406 ER PT J AU Deshields, TL Heiland, MF Kracen, AC Dua, P AF Deshields, Teresa L. Heiland, Mark F. Kracen, Amanda C. Dua, Priya TI Resilience in adults with cancer: development of a conceptual model SO PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY LA English DT Review DE cancer; oncology; resilience; cancer survivorship; coping ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; BREAST-CANCER; PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; MENTAL-HEALTH; GROWTH; EXPERIENCE; DIAGNOSIS; SURVIVORS; ADOLESCENTS AB ObjectiveResilience is a construct addressed in the psycho-oncology literature and is especially relevant to cancer survivorship. The purpose of this paper is to propose a model for resilience that is specific to adults diagnosed with cancer. MethodsTo establish the proposed model, a brief review of the various definitions of resilience and of the resilience literature in oncology is provided. ResultsThe proposed model includes baseline attributes (personal and environmental) which impact how an individual responds to an adverse event, which in this paper is cancer-related. The survivor has an initial response that fits somewhere on the distress-resilience continuum; however, post-cancer experiences (and interventions) can modify the initial response through a process of recalibration. ConclusionsThe literature reviewed indicates that resilience is a common response to cancer diagnosis or treatment. The proposed model supports the view of resilience as both an outcome and a dynamic process. Given the process of recalibration, a discussion is provided of interventions that might facilitate resilience in adults with cancer. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Deshields, Teresa L.; Heiland, Mark F.; Kracen, Amanda C.] Siteman Canc Ctr, Siteman Counseling Serv, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Dua, Priya] Natl Agr Stat Serv, USDA, St Louis, MO USA. RP Deshields, TL (reprint author), Siteman Canc Ctr, Siteman Counseling Serv, Psychooncol Serv, 4921 Parkview Pl MS 90-35-703, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM tld2593@bjc.org NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1057-9249 EI 1099-1611 J9 PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY JI Psycho-Oncol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 11 EP 18 DI 10.1002/pon.3800 PG 8 WC Oncology; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Oncology; Psychology; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DB9EL UT WOS:000368819100002 PM 25787828 ER PT J AU Carvalho, FKDL Cook, D Lee, ST Taylor, CM Oliveira, JBS Riet-Correa, F AF Carvalho, Fabricio K. de L. Cook, Daniel Lee, Stephen T. Taylor, Charlotte M. Soares Oliveira, Jefferson Bruno Riet-Correa, Franklin TI Determination of toxicity in rabbits and corresponding detection of monofluoroacetate in four Palicourea (Rubiaceae) species from the Amazonas state, Brazil SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Monofluoroacetate; Sudden death; Palicourea; Poisonous plants; Rubiaceae ID SPECTROSCOPY; BIGNONIACEAE; MARCGRAVII; CATTLE; ACID AB Numerous monofluoroacetate (MFA)-containing plants in Brazil cause sudden death syndrome precipitated by exercise in livestock, which is characterized by loss of balance, ataxia, labored breathing, muscle tremors, and recumbence leading to death. Four species of Palicourea collected at six farms were tested for the presence of MFA and their toxicity to rabbits. Palicourea longiflora and Palicourea barraensis contained MFA and caused sudden death in the rabbits. Palicourea croceoides and Palicourea nitidella did not contain MFA and were not toxic to rabbits. P. longiflora and P. barraensis were collected at three farms with a history of sudden death in their cattle. This is the first report of toxicity in regard to these two species. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Carvalho, Fabricio K. de L.; Riet-Correa, Franklin] Univ Fed Campina Grande, Vet Hosp, BR-58700000 Patos de Minas, Paraiba, Brazil. [Cook, Daniel; Lee, Stephen T.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Taylor, Charlotte M.] Missouri Bot Garden, POB 299, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. [Soares Oliveira, Jefferson Bruno] ESBAM, Escola Super Batista, Curso Med Vet, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Riet-Correa, Franklin] Natl Inst Agr Res INIA, La Estanzuela 4000, Colonia, Uruguay. RP Riet-Correa, F (reprint author), Univ Fed Campina Grande, Vet Hosp, BR-58700000 Patos de Minas, Paraiba, Brazil.; Riet-Correa, F (reprint author), Natl Inst Agr Res INIA, La Estanzuela 4000, Colonia, Uruguay. EM franklin.riet@pq.cnpq.br FU National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT/CNPq) [573534/2008-0] FX This work was financially supported by the National Institute of Science and Technology for the Study of Plant Poisonings (INCT/CNPq, grant 573534/2008-0). NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD JAN PY 2016 VL 109 BP 42 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.11.009 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA DB9VI UT WOS:000368865400008 ER PT J AU Caterino, MS Tishechkin, AK AF Caterino, Michael S. Tishechkin, Alexey K. TI A revision of Megalocraerus Lewis, 1902 (Coleoptera, Histeridae: Exosternini) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Histeridae; Histerinae; Exosternini; subcortical predator; Neotropical region ID PHYLOGENY AB The formely monotypic Neotropical genus Megalocraerus Lewis is revised to include five species, known from southeastern Brazil to Costa Rica: M. rubricatus Lewis, M. mandibularis sp. n., M. chico sp. n., M. madrededios sp. n., and M. tiputini sp. n. We describe the species, map their distributions, and provide a key for their identification. Their subcylindrical body form and emarginate mesosternum have previously hindered placement to tribe, although their curent assignment to Exosternini now appears well supported by morphological evidence. Nothing is known of the natural history of the species. C1 [Caterino, Michael S.] Clemson Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Tishechkin, Alexey K.] Smithsonian Inst, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Caterino, MS (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mcateri@clemson.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0949790] FX For providing specimen material, assistance in the field, and assistance with permitting, we would like to thank Luciana Masutti de Almeida, Daniel Moura, Fernando Leivas, and Kleber Mise (UFPR), Max Barclay and Roger Booth (BMNH), Angel Solis (INBIO), Paul Skelley (Florida State Collection of Arthropods), Tiputini Biodiversity Station, Zack Falin (Snow Entomological Collection, University of Kansas), Nicolas Degallier, and Al Allen. We also thank the National Science Foundation for financial support (DEB-0949790). NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 557 BP 59 EP 78 DI 10.3897/zookeys.557.7087 PG 20 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DC0OE UT WOS:000368916400003 PM 26877699 ER PT J AU McKamey, SH AF McKamey, Stuart H. TI A new species of Eutettix (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) from Wisconsin SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Leafhopper; new species; Athysanini; Nearctic; Wisconsin; Quercus AB Eutettix latoides sp. n., is described from central Wisconsin. It most closely resembles the Californian species E. latus Hepner, and was collected from Quercus ellipsoidalis. C1 [McKamey, Stuart H.] Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP McKamey, SH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM stuart.mckamey@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 557 BP 79 EP 83 DI 10.3897/zookeys.557.5939 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DC0OE UT WOS:000368916400004 PM 26877700 ER PT J AU McKamey, SH Porter, MJ AF McKamey, Stuart H. Porter, Mitchell J. TI First Immature of the New World Treehopper tribe Thuridini (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae) with a new synonym, a new combination, and a new country record SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Thuris; Parantonae; nymph; syn. n.; comb. n.; Ecuador; Venezuela AB The species Thuris depressus Sakakibara (1975) is proposed as a syn. n. of Thuris binodosus (Goding 1926), comb. n. The distribution of the genus is expanded from Brazil and Peru to include Ecuador and Venezuela, and the immature is described based on 75 characters. C1 [McKamey, Stuart H.] Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH MRC 168, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Porter, Mitchell J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP McKamey, SH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH MRC 168, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM stuart.mckamey@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 557 BP 85 EP 91 DI 10.3897/zookeys.557.6602 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DC0OE UT WOS:000368916400005 PM 26877701 ER PT J AU Fassini, PG Pfrimer, K Ferriolli, E Suen, VMM Marchini, JS Das, SK AF Fassini, Priscila Giacomo Pfrimer, Karma Ferriolli, Eduardo Marques Suen, Vivian Miguel Marchini, Julio Sergio Das, Sai Krupa TI Assessment of energy requirements in patients with short bowel syndrome by using the doubly labeled water method SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE short bowel syndrome; energy requirement; doubly labeled water; total energy expenditure; resting energy expenditure ID PART II; ADULTS; EXPENDITURE AB Background: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a serious malabsorption disorder, and dietetic management of patients with SBS is extremely challenging. Once the degree of undernutrition has been assessed, successful dietary intervention is contingent on an accurate estimation and provision of energy needs. Objective: We quantified total energy expenditure (TEE) in patients with SBS by using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method to inform energy needs and nutritional therapy goals. Design: In this observational study, TEE was measured in 22 participants, 11 with SBS and 11 sex-, age-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls (non-SBS), for 14 d with the DLW method. Predicted energy requirements were determined by using the Escott-Stump equation and compared with TEE determined with DLW. Resting energy expenditure was measured by using indirect calorimetry, and an accelerometer was also used to determine physical activity level. Results: Participants were aged (mean +/- SD) 53 +/- 8 y. Measured TEE was significantly higher than predicted TEE for the SBS group (1875 +/- 276 compared with 1517 +/- 175 kcal/d, P = 0.001) and also for the non-SBS group (2393 +/- 445 compared with 1532 +/- 178 kcal/d, P < 0.01). Measured TEE was significantly lower in the SBS group than in the non-SBS group (P < 0.01); however, predicted TEE did not differ significantly between the groups (P = 0.84). No significant differences were seen between measured and predicted resting energy expenditure either within or between groups. Conclusions: Measured TEE in patients with SBS was significantly higher than predicted by using standard equations but also lower than values for age-, BMI-, and sex-matched non-SBS controls. Currently used formulas in clinical practice appear to underestimate energy requirements of patients with SBS, and revision is needed to prevent underfeeding and improve long-term prognosis. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02113228. C1 [Fassini, Priscila Giacomo; Pfrimer, Karma; Ferriolli, Eduardo; Marques Suen, Vivian Miguel; Marchini, Julio Sergio] Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Div Nutrol, Dept Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Das, Sai Krupa] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Energy Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Das, SK (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Energy Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM sai.das@tufts.edu RI Fassini, Priscila/D-2259-2016; Ferriolli, Eduardo/J-6258-2012; OI Fassini, Priscila/0000-0002-7428-6641; Marchini, Julio Sergio/0000-0001-9999-9149 FU Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2012/22543-3, 2012/22542-7]; Fundacao de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Assistencia, University Hospital at the Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Sao Paulo University [450-2013, 452-2013] FX Supported by Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (grants 2012/22543-3 and 2012/22542-7) and Fundacao de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Assistencia, University Hospital at the Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Sao Paulo University (funding reference: 450-2013 and 452-2013). NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 103 IS 1 BP 77 EP 82 DI 10.3945/ajcn.115.122408 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DA5VA UT WOS:000367869500011 PM 26675764 ER PT J AU Brito, A Verdugo, R Hertrampf, E Miller, JW Green, R Fedosov, SN Shahab-Ferdows, S Sanchez, H Albala, C Castillo, JL Matamala, JM Uauy, R Allen, LH AF Brito, Alex Verdugo, Renato Hertrampf, Eva Miller, Joshua W. Green, Ralph Fedosov, Sergey N. Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh Sanchez, Hugo Albala, Cecilia Castillo, Jose L. Matamala, Jose M. Uauy, Ricardo Allen, Lindsay H. TI Vitamin B-12 treatment of asymptomatic, deficient, elderly Chileans improves conductivity in myelinated peripheral nerves, but high serum folate impairs vitamin B-12 status response assessed by the combined indicator of vitamin B-12 status SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE folate; vitamin B-12; holotranscobalamin; methylmalonic acid; total homocysteine; folic acid fortification; nerve conductivity; elderly; Chile ID SUBACUTE COMBINED DEGENERATION; FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; COBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; REVERSIBLE MYELOPATHY; METHYLMALONIC ACID; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; NEUROPATHY; DISEASE; PEOPLE; PLASMA AB Background: It is uncertain whether vitamin B-12 supplementation can improve neurophysiologic function in asymptomatic elderly with low vitamin B-12 status or whether folate status affects responses to vitamin B-12 supplementation. Objective: We assessed the effects of a single intramuscular injection of 10 mg vitamin B-12 (which also contained 100 mg vitamin B-6 and 100 mg vitamin B-1) on vitamin B-12 status and neurophysiologic function in elderly community-dwelling Chileans with low serum vitamin B-12 concentrations who were consuming bread fortified with folic acid. Design: A pretreatment and posttreatment study was conducted in 51 participants (median +/- SD age: 73 +/- 3 y; women: 47%) with serum vitamin B-12 concentrations <120 pmol/L at screening. Vitamin B-12 status was defined by combining vitamin B-12, plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), methylmalonic acid (MMA), and holtranscobalmin into one variable [combined indicator of vitamin B-12 status (cB-12)]. The response to treatment was assessed by measuring cB-12 and neurophysiologic variables at baseline and 4 mo after treatment. Results: Treatment increased serum vitamin B-12, holotranscobalamin, and cB-12 (P < 0.001) and reduced plasma tHcy and serum MMA (P < 0.001). Treatment produced consistent improvements in conduction in myelinated peripheral nerves; the sensory latency of both the left and right sural nerves improved on the basis of faster median conduction times of 3.1 and 3.0 ms and 3.3 and 3.4 ms, respectively (P < 0.0001). A total of 10 sensory potentials were newly observed in sural nerves after treatment. Participants with high serum folate at baseline (above the median, >= 33.9 nmol/L) had less improvement in cB-12 (P < 0.001) than did individuals whose serum folate was less than the median concentration (i.e., with a concentration <33.9 nmol/L). Conclusion: Asymptomatic Chilean elderly with poor vitamin B-12 status displayed improved conductivity in myelinated peripheral nerves after vitamin B-12 treatment and an interaction with folate status, which was detected only with the use of cB-12. C1 [Brito, Alex; Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh; Allen, Lindsay H.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Verdugo, Renato; Castillo, Jose L.; Matamala, Jose M.] Univ Chile, Fac Med, Dept Neurol Sci, Santiago 7, Chile. [Hertrampf, Eva; Sanchez, Hugo; Albala, Cecilia; Uauy, Ricardo] Univ Chile, Inst Nutr & Food Technol, Santiago, Chile. [Miller, Joshua W.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Miller, Joshua W.; Green, Ralph] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Fedosov, Sergey N.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Aarhus, Denmark. RP Allen, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM lindsay.allen@ars.usda.gov FU Chilean National Science and Technology Research Fund [1070592] FX Supported in part by the Chilean National Science and Technology Research Fund (grant 1070592; to RU). NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 11 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 103 IS 1 BP 250 EP 257 DI 10.3945/ajcn.115.116509 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DA5VA UT WOS:000367869500029 PM 26607937 ER PT J AU Peiris, KHS Bockus, WW Dowell, FE AF Peiris, Kamaranga H. S. Bockus, William W. Dowell, Floyd E. TI Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Evaluation of Single-Kernel Deoxynivalenol Accumulation and Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Components in Wheat SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT; MYCOTOXIN DEOXYNIVALENOL; PLANT HEIGHT; EAR BLIGHT; GRAIN; CULMORUM; SPIKES; BARLEY; GRAMINEARUM; POPULATION AB Fusarium head blight (FHB) symptoms, single-kernel deoxynivalenol (DON) levels, and distribution of DON levels among kernels in response to artificial FHB inoculation were investigated in three selected wheat cultivars that had different reported levels of FHB resistance. DON levels were estimated with near-infrared spectroscopy. The percentages of DON-containing spikelets per spike of 15.2, 49.7, and 89.1% were significantly different among point-inoculated spikes of Everest, Karl 92, and Overley, respectively. The percentage of visually Fusarium-damaged kernels in point-inoculated Karl 92 and Overley spikes was significantly higher than for Everest. However, the DON-containing spikelets per spike and visually Fusarium-damaged kernels values for spray-inoculated spikes were not significantly different among the three cultivars. In spray-inoculated spikes, DON levels in kernels ranged from 0 to 291.3 ppm, whereas the variation of DON levels in spikelet positions was random. In contrast, DON levels in spikelets below the inoculated spikelet in point-inoculated spikes showed marked differences among the three cultivars. Overley had the highest DON accumulation in kernels. This near-infrared spectroscopy method may be used as a novel way to evaluate wheat cultivars for FHB resistance to toxin accumulation. Other resistance components such as resistance to pathogen infection and resistance to pathogen spread may also be evaluated. C1 [Peiris, Kamaranga H. S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bockus, William W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Dowell, Floyd E.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Stored Prod Insect & Engn Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Dowell, FE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Stored Prod Insect & Engn Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM floyd.dowell@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 93 IS 1 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-03-15-0057-R PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA DB4VU UT WOS:000368512500005 ER PT J AU Bae, IY Kim, HJ Inglett, GE Lee, S AF Bae, In Young Kim, Hyeon Ji Inglett, George E. Lee, Suyong TI Effect of Whole Grain Wheat Flour on the Mixing Properties, Oil Uptake, and In Vitro Starch Digestibility of Instant Fried Noodles SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; PASTA; QUALITY; FIBERS AB The effects of whole grain wheat (WGW) flour on the quality attributes of instant fried noodles were characterized in terms of mixing and oil-resisting properties as well as in vitro starch digestibility. Higher water absorption and shorter kneading time were required to obtain the optimally mixed dough from WGW flour, and the presence of nonstarch components in the WGW flour lowered the thermal conductivity of the noodles. The use of WGW flour produced instant fried noodles with oil uptake reduced by 30%, which could be correlated with the less porous structure confirmed by the surface and cross-sectional scanning electron microscope images. When the instant fried noodles were subjected to in vitro starch digestion, the use of WGW flour was effective in suppressing the hydrolysis of starch in the noodles, and the predicted glycemic index of the WGW noodles (80.6) was significantly lower than that of the white wheat noodles (83.3). C1 [Bae, In Young] Far East Univ, Dept Food & Fermentat, Eumseong Gun 7632, Chungcheongbuk, South Korea. [Kim, Hyeon Ji; Lee, Suyong] Sejong Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 98 Gunja Dong, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Kim, Hyeon Ji; Lee, Suyong] Sejong Univ, Carbohydrate Bioprod Res Ctr, 98 Gunja Dong, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Inglett, George E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), Sejong Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 98 Gunja Dong, Seoul 143747, South Korea.; Lee, S (reprint author), Sejong Univ, Carbohydrate Bioprod Res Ctr, 98 Gunja Dong, Seoul 143747, South Korea. EM suyonglee@sejong.ac.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [2013R1A1A2A10004640]; Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning [2012R1A1A3007853] FX This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2013R1A1A2A10004640) and the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (2012R1A1A3007853). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 31 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 93 IS 1 BP 100 EP 103 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-04-15-0063-N PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA DB4VU UT WOS:000368512500016 ER PT J AU Jordan, DB Braker, JD Wagschal, K Stoller, JR Lee, CC AF Jordan, Douglas B. Braker, Jay D. Wagschal, Kurt Stoller, J. Rose Lee, Charles C. TI Isolation and divalent-metal activation of a beta-xylosidase, RUM630-BX SO ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GH43 beta-xylosidase; Divalent metal activators; Highest k(cat)/K-m (xylotetraose); Xylan; Biofuels ID ARABINOFURANOSIDASE; RESIDUES AB The gene encoding RUM630-BX, a beta-xylosidase/arabinofuranosidase, was identified from activity-based screening of a cow rumen metagenomic library. The recombinant enzyme is activated as much as 14-fold (k(cat)) by divalent metals Mg2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ but not by Ca2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+. Activation of RUM630-BX by Mg2+ (t(0.5) 144s) is slowed two-fold by prior incubation with substrate, consistent with the X-ray structure of closely related xylosidase RS223-BX that shows the divalent-metal activator is at the back of the active-site pocket so that bound substrate could block its entrance. The enzyme is considerably more active on natural substrates than artificial substrates, with activity (k(cat)/K-m) of 299 s(-1) mM(-1) on xylotetraose being the highest reported. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jordan, Douglas B.; Braker, Jay D.; Stoller, J. Rose] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Wagschal, Kurt; Lee, Charles C.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Lee, CC (reprint author), 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Charles.Lee@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture [CRIS5325-41000-054-00D, CRIS3620-41000-118-00D]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-03998] FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture CRIS5325-41000-054-00D and National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant 2012-03998 (C.C.L. and K.W.), and United States Department of Agriculture CRIS3620-41000-118-00D (D.B.J. and R.S.). The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the US Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-0229 EI 1879-0909 J9 ENZYME MICROB TECH JI Enzyme Microb. Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 82 BP 158 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.10.001 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA DB3AF UT WOS:000368381200022 PM 26672463 ER PT S AU Considine, J Pierron, F Turner, KT AF Considine, John Pierron, F. Turner, K. T. BE Sciammarella, C Considine, J Gloeckner, P TI Use of VFM for Heterogeneity Evaluation of Materials Under Uniaxial Tensile Stress SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS, VOL 4 SE Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference and Exposition of Society-for-Experimental-Mechanics on Experimental and Applied Mechanics CY JUN 08-11, 2015 CL Costa Mesa, CA SP Soc Experimental Mech DE VFM; Stiffness; Heterogeneity; Simulation; Uniaxial tension ID VIRTUAL FIELDS METHOD AB Identification of spatially varying stiffness is a challenging, but important, research topic especially as materials become more complex and are used in extreme environments. Examination of heterogeneity is often accomplished by unique test fixtures capable of creating the necessary stress configurations for heterogeneous stiffness identification. In this work the Virtual Fields Method (VFM) was used to identify stiffnesses in a simple geometry, namely uniaxial tension, of a simulated material with an inclusion whose stiffness gradually increases from that of surrounding material. Three different VFM analyses were examined and their results compared. Results suggest that cooperative use of these analyses could provide reasonable stiffness identification for heterogeneous materials using uniaxial tensile tests. C1 [Considine, John] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Pierron, F.] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Turner, K. T.] Univ Penn, 245 Towne Bldg,220 S 33rd St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Considine, J (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jconsidine@fs.fed.us RI Pierron, Fabrice/D-2332-2011 OI Pierron, Fabrice/0000-0003-2813-4994 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5644 BN 978-3-319-22449-7; 978-3-319-22448-0 J9 C PROC SOC EXP MECH PY 2016 BP 61 EP 66 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-22449-7_7 PG 6 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA BE1UI UT WOS:000368587400007 ER PT S AU Kretschmann, DE Considine, JM Pierron, F AF Kretschmann, D. E. Considine, J. M. Pierron, F. BE Sciammarella, C Considine, J Gloeckner, P TI Optimized Test Design for Identification of the Variation of Elastic Stiffness Properties of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) Pith to Bark SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS, VOL 4 SE Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference and Exposition of Society-for-Experimental-Mechanics on Experimental and Applied Mechanics CY JUN 08-11, 2015 CL Costa Mesa, CA SP Soc Experimental Mech DE Experimental design; Un-notched Iosipescu test; Virtual fields method (VFM); Elastic stiffness parameters; Computer simulations ID FULL-FIELD MEASUREMENTS; WOOD AB This article presents the design optimization of an un-notched Iosipescu test specimen whose goal is the characterization of the material elastic stiffnesses of a Loblolly (Pinus taeda) or Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) sample in one single test. A series of finite element (FE) and grid simulations were conducted to determine displacement and strain fields for various ring angles, ring spaces, and proportions of latewood per ring. These displacement and strain fields were utilized to determine the constitutive parameters for the woody material using VFM. Using an error function based on a comparison of the input stiffnesses and those identified by grid simulation information it was possible to narrow the optimum ring angle at which test specimens should be tested. The results of this work suggest that the starting angles for the unnotched Iosipescu test specimens should be approximately 45 degrees to produce the smallest identification error. C1 [Kretschmann, D. E.; Considine, J. M.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Pierron, F.] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. RP Kretschmann, DE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dkretschmann@fs.fed.us RI Pierron, Fabrice/D-2332-2011 OI Pierron, Fabrice/0000-0003-2813-4994 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5644 BN 978-3-319-22449-7; 978-3-319-22448-0 J9 C PROC SOC EXP MECH PY 2016 BP 67 EP 76 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-22449-7_8 PG 10 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA BE1UI UT WOS:000368587400008 ER PT J AU La Hovary, C Danehower, DA Ma, G Reberg-Horton, C Williamson, JD Baerson, SR Burton, JD AF La Hovary, C. Danehower, D. A. Ma, G. Reberg-Horton, C. Williamson, J. D. Baerson, S. R. Burton, J. D. TI Phytotoxicity and Benzoxazinone Concentration in Field Grown Cereal Rye (Secale cereale L.) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY LA English DT Article ID SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; COVER CROP RESIDUE; WEED SUPPRESSION; AQUEOUS EXTRACTS; ZEA-MAYS; ALLELOCHEMICALS; ALLELOPATHY; SENESCENCE; WHEAT; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Winter rye (Secale cereale L.) is used as a cover crop because of the weed suppression potential of its mulch. To gain insight into the more effective use of rye as a cover crop we assessed changes in benzoxazinone (BX) levels in rye shoot tissue over the growing season. Four rye varieties were planted in the fall and samples harvested at intervals the following spring. Two different measures of phytotoxic compound content were taken. Seed germination bioassays were used as an estimate of total phytotoxic potential. Dilutions of shoot extracts were tested using two indicator species to compare the relative toxicity of tissue. In addition, BX (DIBOA, DIBOA-glycoside, and BOA) levels were directly determined using gas chromatography. Results showed that rye tissue harvested in March was the most toxic to indicator species, with toxicity decreasing thereafter. Likewise the BX concentration in rye shoot tissue increased early in the season and then decreased over time. Thus, phytotoxicity measured by bioassay and BX levels measured by GC have a similar but not identical temporal profile. The observed decrease in phytotoxic potential and plant BX levels in rye later in the season appears to correlate with the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. C1 [La Hovary, C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Danehower, D. A.] Avoca Inc, POB 129,841 Avoca Farm Rd, Merry Hill, NC 27957 USA. [Ma, G.; Williamson, J. D.; Burton, J. D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Reberg-Horton, C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Baerson, S. R.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Burton, JD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jim_burton@ncsu.edu NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 9 PU HINDAWI LTD PI LONDON PA ADAM HOUSE, 3RD FLR, 1 FITZROY SQ, LONDON, WIT 5HE, ENGLAND SN 1687-8159 EI 1687-8167 J9 INT J AGRON JI Int. J. Agron. PY 2016 AR 6463826 DI 10.1155/2016/6463826 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB3DG UT WOS:000368389600001 ER PT J AU Hunt, ER Daughtry, CST Li, L AF Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr. Daughtry, Craig S. T. Li, Li TI Feasibility of estimating leaf water content using spectral indices from WorldView-3 ' s near-infrared and shortwave infrared bands SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES MODEL; HYPERSPECTRAL INDEXES; IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY; LIQUID WATER; VEGETATION; REFLECTANCE; LANDSAT; IMAGERY; CANOPY AB A recently-launched high-resolution commercial satellite, DigitalGlobe's WorldView-3, has 8 bands in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) wavelength region, which may be capable of estimating canopy water content at 3.7-m spatial resolution. WorldView-3 also has 8 multispectral bands at 1.24-m resolution with two bands in the near-infrared (NIR). The relative spectral response functions for WorldView-3 were provided by DigitalGlobe, Inc., and band reflectances were determined for reflectance spectra of PROSPECT model simulations and leaf data from maize, trees, grasses, and broadleaf herbaceous eudicots. For laboratory measurements, the range of leaf water contents was extended by including drying leaves and leaf stacks of corn, soybean, oaks, and maples. Correlations between leaf water content and spectral indices from model simulations suggested that indices using SWIR band 1 (center wavelength 1210 nm) had low variability with respect to leaf water content, but also low sensitivity. Other indices using SWIR band 5 (2165 nm) had the highest sensitivity, but also had high variability caused by different values of the leaf structure parameter in PROSPECT. Indices using SWIR bands 2, 3 and 4 (1570, 1660, and 1730 nm, respectively) had high correlations and intermediate variability from the leaf structure parameter. Spectral indices calculated from the leaf data had the same overall patterns as the simulations for variation and sensitivity; however, indices using SWIR band 1 had low correlations, and the best correlations were from indices that used SWIR bands 2, 3 and 4. Spectral indices for maize, grasses, and herbaceous crops and weeds had similar responses to leaf water content; tree leaves had higher index values and saturated at lower leaf water contents. The specified width of NIR band 2 (860-1040 nm) overlaps the water absorption feature at 970 nm wavelength; however, the normalized difference of NIR band 1 and 2 was insensitive to water content because NIR band 2's spectral response was most heavily weighted to wavelengths less than 930 nm. The high spatial resolution of the WorldView-3 SWIR data will help analyze how variation among plant species and functional groups affects spectral responses to differences in canopy water content. C1 [Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.; Daughtry, Craig S. T.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Li, Li] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hunt, ER (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Raymond.Hunt@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 388 EP 402 DI 10.1080/01431161.2015.1128575 PG 15 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DB7VL UT WOS:000368724700008 ER PT J AU Xi, B Zhai, LM Liu, J Liu, S Wang, HY Luo, CY Ren, TZ Liu, HB AF Xi Bin Zhai Li-mei Liu Jian Liu Shen Wang Hong-yuan Luo Chun-yan Ren Tian-zhi Liu Hong-bin TI Long-term phosphorus accumulation and agronomic and environmtal critical phosphorus levels in Haplic Luvisol soil, northern China SO JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE critical phosphorus value; crop yield; Olsen P; phosphorus leaching; soil phosphorus test; water quality ID SILTY CLAY LOAM; WINTER-WHEAT; OLSEN P; FERTILIZER; RISK; MANURES; CROPS AB Sufficient soil phosphorus (P) content is essential for achieving optimal crop yields, but accumulation of P in the soil due to excessive P applications can cause a risk of P loss and contribute to eutrophication of surface waters. Determination of a critical soil P value is fundamental for making appropriate P fertilization recommendations to ensure safety of both environment and crop production. In this study, agronomic and environmental critical P levels were determined by using linear-linear and linear-plateau models, and two segment linear model, for a maize (Zea mays L.)-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotation system based on a 22-yr field experiment on a Haplic Luvisol soil in northern China. This study included six treatments: control (unfertilized), no P (NoP), application of mineral P fertilizer (MinP), MinP plus return of maize straw (MinP+StrP), MinP plus low rate of farmyard swine manure (MinP+L.Man) and MinP plus high rate of manure (MinP+H.Man). Based on the two models, the mean agronomic critical levels of soil Olsen-P for optimal maize and wheat yields were 12.3 and 12.8 mg kg(-1), respectively. The environmental critical P value as an indicator for P leaching was 30.6 mg Olsen-P kg(-1), which was 2.4 times higher than the agronomic critical P value (on average 12.5 mg P kg(-1)). It was calculated that soil Olsen-P content would reach the environmental critical P value in 41 years in the MinP treatment, but in only 5-6 years in the two manure treatments. Application of manure could significantly raise soil Olsen-P content and cause an obvious risk of P leaching. In conclusion, the threshold range of soil Olsen-P is from 12.5 to 30.6 mg P kg(-1) to optimize crop yields and meanwhile maintain relatively low risk of P leaching in Haplic Luvisol soil, northern China. C1 [Xi Bin; Zhai Li-mei; Liu Jian; Liu Shen; Wang Hong-yuan; Luo Chun-yan; Liu Hong-bin] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Minist Agr, Key Lab Nonpoint Source Pollut Control, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Liu Jian] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ren Tian-zhi] Minist Agr, Inst Agroenvironm Protect, Tianjin 300191, Peoples R China. RP Liu, HB (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Minist Agr, Key Lab Nonpoint Source Pollut Control, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM liuhongbing@caas.cn RI Liu, Jian/P-4050-2014 OI Liu, Jian/0000-0003-4199-1296 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41203072]; Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest from Ministry of Agriculture of China [20100314] FX This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41203072) and the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest from Ministry of Agriculture of China (20100314). We express our warmest acknowledgement to Research Assistant Yang Bo and Zhang Zhenshan from Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China, for taking care of the field experiment. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2095-3119 J9 J INTEGR AGR JI J. Integr. Agric. PY 2016 VL 15 IS 1 BP 200 EP 208 DI 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60947-3 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA DB4EX UT WOS:000368467400020 ER PT J AU Schaetzl, RJ Krist, FJ Lewis, CFM Luehmann, MD Michalek, MJ AF Schaetzl, Randall J. Krist, Frank J., Jr. Lewis, C. F. Michael Luehmann, Michael D. Michalek, Michael J. TI Spits formed in Glacial Lake Algonquin indicate strong easterly winds over the Laurentian Great Lakes during late Pleistocene SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Glacial Lake Algonquin; Relict spits; Glacial anticyclone; Paleoclimate; Erosional headlands; Isthmi, Isostatic rebound ID NORTHERN LOWER MICHIGAN; PAST 21,000 YEARS; SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO; GEORGIAN BAY; HURON BASIN; ICE-SHEET; USA; LOESS; HOLOCENE; CLIMATE AB We report on a unique, new dataset: 49 spits that formed in the various phases of Glacial Lake Algonquin in the northern Great Lakes region, between approximately 13,200 and 11,500 years BP. The spits, which are now subaerially exposed well above the level of the current Great Lakes, trail off from former Lake Algonquin islands and headlands. Several exceed 10 km in length. Steep, eroded headlands coupled with their coarse-textured sediments, suggest that spit development was driven by large waves and strong longshore currents. The lake's islands and exposed headlands are usually strongly eroded on their eastern margins. Additionally, spits within a parts per thousand 150-200 km of the former ice margin, and especially the very large spits in northern Michigan, trail to the west, particularly the WNW and SW. Some small spits that lie farther south trail to the east, and others, within confined bays, better reflect the localized littoral circulation systems. Together, these features provide on-the-ground evidence for persistent, easterly, summertime winds in the late Pleistocene in the northern Great Lakes region, supporting paleoclimate models that show southeasterly to easterly air flows, originating from a glacial anticyclone above the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Our research suggests that strong, anticyclonically driven, easterly winds were a key part of the regional circulation within a parts per thousand 150-200 km of the southern ice margin, while acknowledging that winds may have been more dominantly westerly at locations farther south. The latter conclusion reconciles with the record of loess transport and dune formation on westerly winds during this (and earlier) time periods in the south-central Great Lakes region and the Great Plains of North America. C1 [Schaetzl, Randall J.; Luehmann, Michael D.; Michalek, Michael J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Krist, Frank J., Jr.] US Forest Serv, GIS & Spatial Anal, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Lewis, C. F. Michael] Nat Resources Canada, Geol Survey Canada Atlantic, 1 Challenger Dr, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. RP Schaetzl, RJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM soils@msu.edu NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2728 EI 1573-0417 J9 J PALEOLIMNOL JI J. Paleolimn. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 55 IS 1 BP 49 EP 65 DI 10.1007/s10933-015-9862-2 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DB6QC UT WOS:000368638900004 ER PT J AU Zuluaga, AP Vega-Arreguin, JC Fei, ZJ Ponnala, L Lee, SJ Matas, AJ Patev, S Fry, WE Rose, JKC AF Zuluaga, Andrea P. Vega-Arreguin, Julio C. Fei, Zhangjun Ponnala, Lalit Lee, Sang Jik Matas, Antonio J. Patev, Sean Fry, William E. Rose, Jocelyn K. C. TI Transcriptional dynamics of Phytophthora infestans during sequential stages of hemibiotrophic infection of tomato SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hemibiotroph; in planta effectors; Phytophthora infestans; transcriptome ID RXLR EFFECTOR; DISEASE RESISTANCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; CELL-DEATH; COLLETOTRICHUM FUNGI; CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE; TOXIC COMPOUNDS; CDNA SEQUENCES; SALICYLIC-ACID; LATE BLIGHT AB Hemibiotrophic plant pathogens, such as the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, employ a biphasic infection strategy, initially behaving as biotrophs, where minimal symptoms are exhibited by the plant, and subsequently as necrotrophs, feeding on dead plant tissue. The regulation of this transition and the breadth of molecular mechanisms that modulate plant defences are not well understood, although effector proteins secreted by the pathogen are thought to play a key role. We examined the transcriptional dynamics of P. infestans in a compatible interaction with its host tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) at three infection stages: biotrophy; the transition from biotrophy to necrotrophy; and necrotrophy. The expression data suggest a tight temporal regulation of many pathways associated with the suppression of plant defence mechanisms and pathogenicity, including the induction of putative cytoplasmic and apoplastic effectors. Twelve of these were experimentally evaluated to determine their ability to suppress necrosis caused by the P. infestans necrosis-inducing protein PiNPP1.1 in Nicotiana benthamiana. Four effectors suppressed necrosis, suggesting that they might prolong the biotrophic phase. This study suggests that a complex regulation of effector expression modulates the outcome of the interaction. C1 [Zuluaga, Andrea P.; Vega-Arreguin, Julio C.; Patev, Sean; Fry, William E.] Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Sect Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Vega-Arreguin, Julio C.] UNAM, Lab Agrigen, ENES Leon, Guanajuato 37684, Mexico. [Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] USDA ARS, Robert W Holly Ctr Agr & Hlth, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ponnala, Lalit] Cornell Univ, Inst Biotechnol & Life Sci Technol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lee, Sang Jik; Matas, Antonio J.; Rose, Jocelyn K. C.] Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Plant Biol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lee, Sang Jik] Nongwoo Bio Co Ltd, Inst Biotechnol, Gyeonggi, South Korea. [Matas, Antonio J.] Univ Malaga, Dept Biol Vegetal, Campus Teatinos, E-29071 Malaga, Spain. RP Rose, JKC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Plant Biol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jr286@cornell.edu RI Matas Arroyo, Antonio Javier/A-9325-2008; Zuluaga Cruz, Andrea Paola/H-6817-2015 OI Matas Arroyo, Antonio Javier/0000-0003-4348-3930; Zuluaga Cruz, Andrea Paola/0000-0002-3003-4856 FU National Science Foundation (Plant Genome Program) [DBI-0606595]; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University FX We thank Drs Jose C. Huguet, Rafael O. Tinoco-Lopez and Gregory Martin for valuable advice and Kent Loeffler for photographic assistance. This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (Plant Genome Program; DBI-0606595) and by support from the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. The authors declare no conflict of interest. NR 78 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-6722 EI 1364-3703 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 17 IS 1 BP 29 EP 41 DI 10.1111/mpp.12263 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB7OA UT WOS:000368703900003 PM 25845484 ER PT J AU Zuluaga, AP Vega-Arreguin, JC Fei, ZJ Matas, AJ Patev, S Fry, WE Rose, JKC AF Zuluaga, Andrea P. Vega-Arreguin, Julio C. Fei, Zhangjun Matas, Antonio J. Patev, Sean Fry, William E. Rose, Jocelyn K. C. TI Analysis of the tomato leaf transcriptome during successive hemibiotrophic stages of a compatible interaction with the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hemibiotrophic interaction; Solanum lycopersicum; transcriptome ID CYSTEINE PROTEASE EFFECTOR; SALICYLIC-ACID; LATE BLIGHT; DISEASE RESISTANCE; DEFENSE RESPONSES; JASMONIC ACID; PRIMARY METABOLISM; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; GENE-EXPRESSION; POTATO LEAVES AB The infection of plants by hemibiotrophic pathogens involves a complex and highly regulated transition from an initial biotrophic, asymptomatic stage to a later necrotrophic state, characterized by cell death. Little is known about how this transition is regulated, and there are conflicting views regarding the significance of the plant hormones jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) in the different phases of infection. To provide a broad view of the hemibiotrophic infection process from the plant perspective, we surveyed the transcriptome of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) during a compatible interaction with the hemibiotrophic oomycete Phytophthora infestans during three infection stages: biotrophic, the transition from biotrophy to necrotrophy, and the necrotrophic phase. Nearly 10 000 genes corresponding to proteins in approximately 400 biochemical pathways showed differential transcript abundance during the three infection stages, revealing a major reorganization of plant metabolism, including major changes in source-sink relations, as well as secondary metabolites. In addition, more than 100 putative resistance genes and pattern recognition receptor genes were induced, and both JA and SA levels and associated signalling pathways showed dynamic changes during the infection time course. The biotrophic phase was characterized by the induction of many defence systems, which were either insufficient, evaded or suppressed by the pathogen. C1 [Zuluaga, Andrea P.; Vega-Arreguin, Julio C.; Patev, Sean; Fry, William E.] Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Sect Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Vega-Arreguin, Julio C.] UNAM, Lab Agrigen, ENES Leon, Guanajuato 37684, Mexico. [Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Matas, Antonio J.] Univ Malaga, Dept Biol Vegetal, Campus Teatinos, E-29071 Malaga, Spain. [Matas, Antonio J.; Rose, Jocelyn K. C.] Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Plant Biol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Rose, JKC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Plant Biol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jr286@cornell.edu RI Matas Arroyo, Antonio Javier/A-9325-2008; Zuluaga Cruz, Andrea Paola/H-6817-2015 OI Matas Arroyo, Antonio Javier/0000-0003-4348-3930; Zuluaga Cruz, Andrea Paola/0000-0002-3003-4856 FU National Science Foundation (Plant Genome Program) [DBI-0606595]; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University FX We thank Drs Jose Huguet, Aureliano Bombarely and Gregory Martin for advice and helpful discussions. This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (Plant Genome Program; DBI-0606595) and by support from the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. NR 77 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-6722 EI 1364-3703 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 17 IS 1 BP 42 EP 54 DI 10.1111/mpp.12260 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB7OA UT WOS:000368703900004 PM 25808779 ER PT J AU Wiseman, MS Kim, YK Dugan, FM Rogers, JD Xiao, CL AF Wiseman, M. S. Kim, Y. K. Dugan, F. M. Rogers, J. D. Xiao, C. L. TI A New Postharvest Fruit Rot in Apple and Pear Caused by Phacidium lacerum SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SPHAEROPSIS-PYRIPUTRESCENS; WASHINGTON-STATE; RIBOSOMAL DNA; DANJOU PEARS; INFECTION; INFERENCE; ORCHARD; STORAGE; FUNGI AB During surveys for postharvest diseases of apple and pear, an unknown postharvest fruit rot was observed in Washington State. The disease appeared to originate from infection of the stem and calyx tissue of the fruit or wounds on the fruit. An unknown pycnidial fungus was consistently isolated from the decayed fruit. Isolates from apple and pear were characterized and identified by molecular phylogenetic analysis and morphology. Pathogenicity of representative isolates on apple and pear fruit was tested under laboratory or field conditions. A BLAST search in GenBank showed that isolates differed from Phacidium lacerum and its synonym, Ceuthospora pinastri, by only 0 to 4 bp in sequences within part of the combined large ribosomal subunit + internal transcribed spacer + small ribosomal subunit regions. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the taxonomic placement of the unknown fungus in the genus Phacidium, with the highest match being C. pinastri (formerly anamorphic P. lacerum) and with closely related taxa from GenBank forming congeneric clades. The fungus grew at 0 to 30 degrees C and formed unilocular to multilocular pycnidial conidiomata on artificial media after approximately 5 to 7 days at room temperature. On potato dextrose agar incubated for a 12-h photoperiod, semi-immersed globose to subglobose pycnidial conidiomata were 250 to 1,000 mu m in diameter (mean = 350), with 1 to 3 nonpapillate to slightly papillate ostioles and a buff conidial matrix. Conidia produced on phialides were 8 to 13 by 1.5 to 2.5 mu M, hyaline, aseptate, cylindrical, with an abruptly tapered, typically slightly protuberant base, 2 to 3 guttules, and sometimes with a mucilaginous, flexuous, unbranched appendage which is attached to the apex of the conidium and disappears with age. Conidiogenous cells were flask shaped and 6 to 15 x1.5 to 3 mu m. Colony characteristics included felt-like aerial white mycelium, gray olivaceous at the center becoming greenish to colorless toward the margin, in concentric rings, with pycnidia forming in 5 to 7 days originating from the center of the plate. Morphological characteristics of the fungus had the greatest conformity with the description for C. pinastri. Based on molecular and morphological data, the fungus is identified as P. lacerum. 'Fuji' apple fruit and 'd'Anjou' pear fruit that were wounded, inoculated with representative isolates, and incubated at 0 degrees C yielded the same symptoms as seen on decayed fruit collected from commercial fruit packinghouses. Stem-end rot, calyx-end rot, and wound-associated rot developed on fruit inoculated in the orchard after 3 months of cold storage. The fungus was reisolated from the diseased fruit. This is the first report of a fruit rot in apple and pear caused by P. lacerum. We propose Phacidium rot as the name of this disease. C1 [Wiseman, M. S.; Rogers, J. D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kim, Y. K.] Pace Int, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Dugan, F. M.] USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Xiao, C. L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Xiao, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM Chang-Lin.Xiao@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 32 EP 39 DI 10.1094/PDIS-02-15-0158-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200003 ER PT J AU Kunjeti, SG Anchieta, A Subbarao, KV Koike, ST Klosterman, SJ AF Kunjeti, Sridhara G. Anchieta, Amy Subbarao, Krishna V. Koike, Steven T. Klosterman, Steven J. TI Plasmolysis and Vital Staining Reveal Viable Oospores of Peronospora effusa in Spinach Seed Lots SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID DOWNY MILDEW PATHOGEN; F-SP SPINACIAE; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; FARINOSA; VIABILITY; RACES; IDENTIFICATION; GERMINATION; IMMUNITY; MYCELIUM AB Production of oospores by Peronospora effusa, the causal agent of downy mildew on spinach (Spinacia oleracea), was reported on spinach seed over three decades ago. In view of the rapid proliferation of new races of P. effusa worldwide, seedborne transmission of this pathogen has been suspected but methods to test the viability of seedborne oospores have not been available. Eighty-two seed lots of contemporary spinach cultivars were evaluated for the presence of P. effusa using a seed-wash method and the sediment was examined by microscopy. Of the analyzed seed lots, 16% were positive for oospores and an additional 6% for sporangiophores characteristic of P. effusa. Application of a P. effusa-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay showed that 95% of the 59 tested seed lots were positive for P. effusa. The viability of oospores from five seed lots that were proven to carry the pathogen from the above tests was tested using two independent methods, one involving plasmolysis and the other trypan blue staining. The oospores plasmolyzed in 4 M sodium chloride and were deplasmolyzed in water, demonstrating an active and viable cell membrane. Similarly, viable oospores failed to take up the trypan blue stain. Overall, 59% of the oospores were viable in the plasmolysis test and 45% with the trypan blue test. These results indicate the presence of P. effusa oospores in contemporary spinach seed lots, and suggest that the transmission of viable oospores of P. effusa in spinach seed does occur. Elimination of the pathogen on seed, in addition to other management approaches, will be useful in reducing the extent and severity of downy mildew on spinach crops and diminishing pathogen spread through seed. C1 [Kunjeti, Sridhara G.; Subbarao, Krishna V.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Anchieta, Amy; Klosterman, Steven J.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Koike, Steven T.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Salinas, CA USA. RP Klosterman, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM Steve.Klosterman@ars.usda.gov OI Subbarao, Krishna/0000-0002-2075-1835 FU California Leafy Green Research Program; California Department of Food and Agriculture [SCB14043] FX We thank R. Pena and L. Ochoa for their technical assistance and the California Leafy Green Research Program and the California Department of Food and Agriculture (grant SCB14043) for funding. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 59 EP 65 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-15-0672-RE PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200006 ER PT J AU Wintermantel, WM Gilbertson, RL McCreight, JD Natwick, ET AF Wintermantel, William M. Gilbertson, Robert L. McCreight, James D. Natwick, Eric T. TI Host-Specific Relationship Between Virus Titer and Whitefly Transmission of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HEMIPTERA ALEYRODIDAE BIOTYPES; LEAF-CRUMPLE-VIRUS; BEMISIA-TABACI; IMPERIAL-VALLEY; 1ST REPORT; Q INVASION; CALIFORNIA; CROPS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CRINIVIRUSES AB Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) was identified in the melon (Cucumis melo) production regions of the desert southwestern United States in fall 2006. It is now well established in the region, where it is transmitted efficiently by the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci biotype B (MEAM1). In order to evaluate the spread and establishment of the virus, nearly all spring and fall cucurbit fields planted in the Imperial Valley of California from 2007 to 2009 were surveyed and representative plants were tested for CYSDV infection. Incidence of CYSDV in spring melon fields was initially low and limited to a small number of fields in 2007 but increased to 63% of fields by spring 2009. Virus incidence in fall melon fields was 100% in each year. These results suggested that the virus had become established in native vegetation, weeds, and other crop species, and represented an increasing threat to melon production in the southwestern United States. Therefore, a select set of weed and crop species which grow or are cultivated in the Imperial Valley were evaluated as CYSDV reservoir hosts. For each species, we determined the capacity of CYSDV to accumulate, the relationship between virus titer in these source plants and transmission by whiteflies, as well as subsequent accumulation in inoculated cucurbit plants. Among these hosts, there was considerable variation in virus accumulation and transmission rates. Cucurbit hosts had the highest CYSDV titers, were efficient sources for virus acquisition, and showed a positive correlation between titer in source plants and transmission. Noncucurbit hosts had significantly lower CYSDV titers and varied in their capacity to serve as sources for transmission. CYSDV titers in some noncucurbit source plants, specifically common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), were not positively correlated with transmission, demonstrating that additional environmental, physical, or biochemical factors were involved. These results demonstrate that multiple factors influence the efficiency with which a host plant species will be a reservoir for vector transmission of virus to crops. C1 [Wintermantel, William M.; McCreight, James D.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Gilbertson, Robert L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Natwick, Eric T.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens Imperial Cty, Holtville, CA 92250 USA. RP Wintermantel, WM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM bill.wintermantel@ars.usda.gov FU California Melon Research Board; Western IPM Center IPM Issues Grant Program [07-001492-UA4]; Western Regional IPM program [2008-03024/GRANT00383452] FX We thank A. Cortez and L. Hladky, USDA-ARS in Salinas, for conducting whitefly transmission experiments and RT-qPCR analysis of samples, respectively; R. Nelson and J. Dessert of the Imperial County, CA Agricultural Commissioner's Office for identifying the location of melon fields and for assistance in field surveys; and M. Lopez, E. Sambrano, and R. Lara of the University of California Desert Research and Extension Center in Holtville for assistance with field surveys. This work was supported, in part, by the California Melon Research Board, the Western IPM Center IPM Issues Grant Program (07-001492-UA4), and the Western Regional IPM program (2008-03024/GRANT00383452). NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 19 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 92 EP 98 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-14-1119-RE PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200011 ER PT J AU Zhan, GM Wang, FP Wan, CP Han, QM Huang, LL Kang, ZS Chen, XM AF Zhan, Gangming Wang, Fuping Wan, Cuiping Han, Qingmei Huang, Lili Kang, Zhensheng Chen, Xianming TI Virulence and Molecular Diversity of the Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici Population in Xinjiang in Relation to Other Regions of Western China SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID WHEAT STRIPE RUST; UNITED-STATES; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; GENETIC DIVERSITY; F.SP TRITICI; PATHOGEN; EPIDEMICS; SEQUENCE; DISTANCE; SPREAD AB In recent years, wheat stripe rust caused severe yield losses in western China, especially the Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The population of the stripe rust fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in the vast region had not been well studied. To determine the population structure and compare it with the populations in the neighboring provinces or autonomous regions, P. striiformis f. sp. tritici isolates from Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, and Tibet in western China were characterized by virulence tests with 19 wheat genotypes that are used to differentiate races of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici in China and by genotyping tests with 15 simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In total, 56 races, including 39 previously known and 17 new races, were identified from 308 isolates obtained from the three epidemiological regions covering five provinces, of which 27 previously known and 8 unknown races were detected in Xinjiang, higher than the numbers in either of the other two regions. The races in Xinjiang consisted of those historically and recently predominant races in other regions of China. The P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population in Xinjiang had a higher genetic diversity than populations in other epidemiological regions. Molecular variation among subpopulations within Xinjiang was higher than in other regions. Both virulence and molecular data indicate that the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population in Xinjiang is related to but more diverse than those in other epidemiological regions. The results show that Xinjiang is an important stripe rust epidemiological region in China, and the information should be useful for control of the disease in the region as well as in other regions. C1 [Zhan, Gangming; Wang, Fuping; Wan, Cuiping; Han, Qingmei; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhan, Gangming; Wang, Fuping; Wan, Cuiping; Han, Qingmei; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Physiol Qual & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn; hanqm@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2013CB127700]; Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201303023]; earmarked fund for Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System [CARS-3-1-11]; Nature Science Foundation of China [31371882]; 111 Project from Ministry of Education of China [B07049] FX This work was supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB127700), Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (number 201303023), the earmarked fund for Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System (number CARS-3-1-11), the Nature Science Foundation of China (31371882), and the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (number B07049). We thank L. D. Dunkle, Crop Production and Pest Control Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Purdue University, for reviewing the manuscript. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 19 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-14-1142-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200012 ER PT J AU Wang, ZY Zhao, J Chen, XM Peng, YL Ji, JJ Zhao, SL Lv, YJ Huang, LL Kang, ZS AF Wang, Zhiyan Zhao, Jie Chen, Xianming Peng, Yuelin Ji, Jingjing Zhao, Shilei Lv, Yanjie Huang, Lili Kang, Zhensheng TI Virulence Variations of Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici Isolates Collected from Berberis spp. in China SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID WHEAT STRIPE RUST; UNITED-STATES; YELLOW RUST; ALTERNATE HOST; F.SP TRITICI; PATHOGEN; RECOMBINATION; DIVERSITY; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The stripe rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici frequently causes significant yield losses in China, due to rapid development of new races that overcome resistance in wheat cultivars. Indirect evidence suggests that sexual reproduction occurs in the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population in China but direct evidence was still lacking. In this study, a large-scale survey of barberry (Berberis spp.) was conducted in Gansu, Shaanxi, Tibet, and Xinjiang provinces in western China. In total, 9,297 single-aecial (SA) samples were used to inoculate a susceptible wheat cultivar to identify samples of P. striifomis f. sp. tritici. Sixteen of the SA samples were identified as P. striifomis f. sp. tritici. When tested on the wheat differentials for identifying P. striifomis f. sp. tritici races, 15 of the 16 SA samples had different virulence patterns, indicating that they were sexually produced through barberry. From the 16 SA samples, 118 single-uredinium (SU) isolates were obtained, from which 88 virulence patterns were identified when tested on 17 Yr single-gene lines. The virulence patterns had relatively narrow virulence spectra, ranging from 0 to 9, with a mean of four virulences per SU isolates. Of the 17 Yr genes, no virulences were detected for Yr5, Yr10, and Yr15; virulences to YrTr1, Yr24, and Yr27 were extremely low (<3%); those to YrSP, Yr9, Yr28, and Yr2 were low (13.6 to 28.0%); those to Yr7, Yr17, Yr8, and YrExp2 were moderate (33.1 to 48.3%); and those to Yr6, Yr44, and Yr25 were high (52.5 to 72.9%). This study provides direct evidence that natural sexual reproduction occurs in the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population in China, but the frequency appears to be very low. The sexual reproduction on alternate host plants can generate a great virulence diversity, which may have contributed to the high variation in the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population in China. C1 [Wang, Zhiyan; Zhao, Jie; Ji, Jingjing; Zhao, Shilei; Lv, Yanjie; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Wang, Zhiyan; Zhao, Jie; Ji, Jingjing; Zhao, Shilei; Lv, Yanjie; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet, Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Peng, Yuelin] Tibet Univ, Agr & Anim Husb Coll, Dept Plant Sci, Linzhi 86000, Tibet, Peoples R China. RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM huanglili@nwsuaf.edu.cn; kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2013CB127700]; International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China [2011DFG32990]; earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System Project in China [CARS-3-1-11]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31271986]; 111 Project from Ministry of Education of China [B07049]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University FX This study was supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB127700), International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (2011DFG32990), the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System Project in China (CARS-3-1-11), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271986), the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (B07049), and Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 131 EP 138 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-14-1296-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200016 ER PT J AU Davis, RE Dally, EL Zhao, Y Thomson, SV Nischwitz, C AF Davis, R. E. Dally, E. L. Zhao, Y. Thomson, S. V. Nischwitz, C. TI Lilac (Syringa sp.) Hosts a New 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni'-related Strain in Utah: Ribosomal RNA and secY Genes Distinguish the Phytoplasma from Previously Described Lineages SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID GROUP 16SRIII; X-DISEASE C1 [Davis, R. E.; Dally, E. L.; Zhao, Y.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Thomson, S. V.; Nischwitz, C.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Davis, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 207 EP 207 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-15-0679-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200029 ER PT J AU Urbonaite, IL Jomantiene, R Valiunas, D Davis, RE AF Urbonaite, Ivanauskas L. Jomantiene, R. Valiunas, D. Davis, R. E. TI First Report of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' Subgroup 16SrI-A Associated with a Disease of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) in Lithuania SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Urbonaite, Ivanauskas L.; Jomantiene, R.; Valiunas, D.] Nat Res Ctr, Phytovirus Lab, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Davis, R. E.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Urbonaite, IL (reprint author), Nat Res Ctr, Phytovirus Lab, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 207 EP 207 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-15-0575-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200028 ER PT J AU Li, M Zhang, YY Wang, K Hou, YG Zhou, HY Jin, L Zhao, J Chen, WD AF Li, M. Zhang, Y. Y. Wang, K. Hou, Y. G. Zhou, H. Y. Jin, L. Zhao, J. Chen, W. D. TI First Report of Sunflower White Mold Caused by Sclerotinia minor Jagger in Inner Mongolia region, China SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Li, M.; Zhang, Y. Y.; Wang, K.; Hou, Y. G.; Zhou, H. Y.; Jin, L.; Zhao, J.] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Hohhot, Peoples R China. [Chen, W. D.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Li, M (reprint author), Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Hohhot, Peoples R China. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 211 EP 211 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-15-0027-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200039 ER PT J AU Gebremariam, ES Dababat, AA Erginbas-Orakci, G Karakaya, A Poudyal, DS Paulitz, TC AF Gebremariam, E. Shikur Dababat, A. A. Erginbas-Orakci, G. Karakaya, A. Poudyal, D. S. Paulitz, T. C. TI First Report of Fusarium hostae Causing Crown Rot on Wheat (Triticum spp.) in Turkey SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID REDOLENS C1 [Gebremariam, E. Shikur; Karakaya, A.] Ankara Univ, Sch Agr, Dept Plant Protect, TR-06110 Ankara, Turkey. [Dababat, A. A.; Erginbas-Orakci, G.] CIMMYT Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr, Ankara, Turkey. [Poudyal, D. S.; Paulitz, T. C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Gebremariam, ES (reprint author), Ankara Univ, Sch Agr, Dept Plant Protect, TR-06110 Ankara, Turkey. OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 216 EP 216 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-15-0628-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200051 ER PT J AU Burns, KS Hanna, JW Klopfenstein, NB Kim, MS AF Burns, K. S. Hanna, J. W. Klopfenstein, N. B. Kim, M. -S. TI First Report of the Armillaria Root Disease Pathogen, Armillaria sinapina, on Subalpine Fir (Abies lasiocarpa) and Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides) in Colorado SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; INTERIOR; OSTOYAE C1 [Burns, K. S.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect Reg 2, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hanna, J. W.; Klopfenstein, N. B.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Kim, M. -S.] Kookmin Univ, Dept Forestry Environm & Syst, Seoul 02707, South Korea. RP Burns, KS (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect Reg 2, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 217 EP 218 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-15-0837-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200055 ER PT J AU Rector, BG Wang, S Choi, YJ Thines, M AF Rector, B. G. Wang, S. Choi, Y. -J. Thines, M. TI First Report of Albugo lepidii Causing White Rust on Broadleaved Pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium) in Nevada and California SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID CANDIDA C1 [Rector, B. G.] USDA ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Wang, S.] Nevada Dept Agr, Sparks, NV 89431 USA. [Choi, Y. -J.; Thines, M.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr BiK F, Integrat Fungal Res Cluster IPF, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Choi, Y. -J.; Thines, M.] Senckenberg Gesell fiir Nat Forsch, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Rector, BG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 229 EP 230 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-15-0425-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200087 ER PT J AU Xiao, L Li, YY Lan, PX Tan, GL Ding, M Li, RH Li, F AF Xiao, L. Li, Y. Y. Lan, P. X. Tan, G. L. Ding, M. Li, R. H. Li, F. TI First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus Infecting Cowpea in China SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Xiao, L.; Li, Y. Y.; Lan, P. X.; Li, F.] Yunnan Agr Univ, Educ Minist, Key Lab Agr Biodivers Pest Management China, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Tan, G. L.] Yunnan Agr Univ, Modem Educ Technol Ctr, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Ding, M.] Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Biotechnol & Germplasm Resources, Kunming 650223, Peoples R China. [Li, R. H.] USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Xiao, L (reprint author), Yunnan Agr Univ, Educ Minist, Key Lab Agr Biodivers Pest Management China, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 100 IS 1 BP 233 EP 233 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-15-0495-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DB2DJ UT WOS:000368318200097 ER PT J AU Simmons, BL Hallett, RA Sonti, NF Auyeung, DSN Lu, JWT AF Simmons, Brady L. Hallett, Richard A. Sonti, Nancy Falxa Auyeung, D. S. N. Lu, Jacqueline W. T. TI Long-term outcomes of forest restoration in an urban park SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE canopy closure; foliar height diversity; invasive exotic species; New York City; urban forestry; vegetation structure ID LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE; DECIDUOUS FOREST; DIVERSITY; BIRDS; ASSOCIATIONS; HONEYSUCKLE; UNDERSTORY; DISPERSAL; INVASION; REMOVAL AB Creating, restoring, and sustaining forests in urban areas are complicated by habitat fragmentation, invasive species, and degraded soils. Although there is some research on the outcomes of urban reforestation plantings during the first 5 years, there is little research on longer term outcomes. Here, we compare the successional trajectories of restored and unrestored forest sites 20 years after initiating restoration. The sites are located within the Rodman's Neck area of Pelham Bay Park, in the northeast corner of the Bronx in New York City (NYC), U.S.A. Compared with unrestored sites, we saw improvements in species diversity, greater forest structure complexity, and evidence of the regeneration and retention of native tree species in restored sites. In addition, we found differences in restoration outcomes depending on the level of intervention: clearing exotic shrubs and vines and planting native trees and shrubs improved tree diversity and canopy closure to a greater extent than clearing exotics alone, and the mechanical removal of invasive plants after the native plantings further improved some measures of restoration, such as tree species diversity and native tree regeneration. The results of this study suggest that the goal of a sustainable forest ecosystem dominated by native trees and other plant species may not be achievable without continued human intervention on site. In addition, these results indicate that the restoration approach adopted by NYC's reforestation practitioners is moving the site toward a more desirable vegetative community dominated by native species. C1 [Simmons, Brady L.; Auyeung, D. S. N.] NYC Dept Pk & Recreat, NYC Urban Field Stn, 431 Walter Reed Rd, Bayside, NY 11359 USA. [Hallett, Richard A.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Sonti, Nancy Falxa] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Baltimore Field Stn, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Lu, Jacqueline W. T.] NYC Dept Pk & Recreat, Innovat & Performance Management, 830 Fifth Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Simmons, BL (reprint author), NYC Dept Pk & Recreat, NYC Urban Field Stn, 431 Walter Reed Rd, Bayside, NY 11359 USA. EM brady.simmons@parks.nyc.gov OI Auyeung, D. S. Novem/0000-0002-4038-3865 FU National Science Foundation; United States Forest Service [NSF-DEB 0948451] FX This project is part of the Urban Long-Term Research Area Exploratory Awards (ULTRA-Ex) program funded by the National Science Foundation and the United States Forest Service (NSF-DEB 0948451). We would like to thank T. Wenskus, I. Palmer, M. Thurman, B. Goldfarb, and S. Mock of the NYC Department of Parks & Recreation, M. Martin and F. Sullivan of the University of New Hampshire Complex Systems Research Center, and J. Stanovick of the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 24 IS 1 BP 109 EP 118 DI 10.1111/rec.12281 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB6QB UT WOS:000368638700014 ER PT J AU Dogramaci, M Gramig, GG Anderson, JV Chao, WS Foley, ME AF Dogramaci, Muenevver Gramig, Greta G. Anderson, James V. Chao, Wun S. Foley, Michael E. TI Field Application of Glyphosate Induces Molecular Changes Affecting Vegetative Growth Processes in Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cell cycle; field; gene expression; natural conditions; phytohormones; qRT-PCR; stunted and bushy phenotype; transcript abundance ID UNDERGROUND ADVENTITIOUS BUDS; CROWN BUDS; DORMANCY STATUS; CROSS-TALK; 3-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; AUXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; APICAL DOMINANCE; ARABIDOPSIS; INHIBITION AB Recommended rates of glyphosate for noncultivated areas destroy the aboveground shoots of the perennial plant leafy spurge. However, such applications cause little or no damage to underground adventitious buds (UABs), and thus the plant readily regenerates vegetatively. High concentrations of glyphosate, applied under controlled environmental conditions, have been shown to cause sublethal effects in UABs of leafy spurge that produce stunted and bushy phenotypes in subsequent generations of shoots. We treated leafy spurge plants in the field with glyphosate (0, 1.1, 3.4, or 6.7 kg ai ha(-1)) to determine its effects on vegetative growth from UABs and on molecular processes. The number of shoots derived from UABs of glyphosate-treated plants was significantly increased compared to controls in subsequent years after application, and new shoots displayed various phenotypical changes, such as stunted and bushy phenotypes. Quantifying the abundance of a selected set of transcripts in UABs of nontreated vs. treated plants (0 vs. 6.7 kg ha(-1)) indicated that glyphosate impacted molecular processes involved in biosynthesis or signaling of tryptophan or auxin (ARF4, CYP79B2, PIN3, TAA1, TRP6, YUC4), gibberellic acid (GA1/CPS1, GA2/KS), ethylene (ACO1, ACS10), cytokinins (AHP1, AK2, CKX1), and the cell cycle (CDC2A, CDC2B, CYCD3; 1). Glyphosate-induced effects on vegetative growth and transcript abundance were persistent for at least 2 yr after treatment. Determining the molecular mechanisms associated with vegetative reproduction in leafy spurge following foliar glyphosate-treatment could identify limiting factors or new targets for manipulation of plant growth and development in perennial weeds. C1 [Dogramaci, Muenevver; Anderson, James V.; Chao, Wun S.; Foley, Michael E.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Sunflower & Plant Biol Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Gramig, Greta G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Dogramaci, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Sunflower & Plant Biol Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM munevver.dogramaci@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 15 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 EI 1550-2759 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 64 IS 1 BP 87 EP 100 DI 10.1614/WS-D-15-00108.1 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DB1IY UT WOS:000368263100011 ER PT J AU Lati, RN Mou, B Rachuy, JS Fennimore, SA AF Lati, Ran N. Mou, Beiquan Rachuy, John S. Fennimore, Steven A. TI Light Intensity Is a Main Factor Affecting Fresh Market Spinach Tolerance for Phenmedipham SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Fresh spinach yield loses; light; phenmedipham; selectivity; temperature ID CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; SUGAR-BEET; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; WEED-CONTROL; DESMEDIPHAM; HERBICIDES; EFFICACY AB The few available herbicides for fresh market spinach do not provide adequate weed control, and there is need for additional herbicide tools. Phenmedipham is registered for use in processing spinach but not in fresh spinach, because of potential injury and the short interval between application and spinach harvest. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the tolerance level of fresh spinach varieties to phenmedipham and evaluate the impact of light intensity on tolerance of spinach to phenmedipham. In the greenhouse, nine spinach varieties were treated with phenmedipham (0.55 kg ai ha(-1)). Spinach varieties exhibited a wide range of tolerance, and dry weights of treated plants ranged from 40 to 78% compared to the nontreated control. Based on the phenmedipham tolerance screen, two varieties with low (Nordic) and high (Regal) tolerance to phenmedipham were treated, then exposed to half (shaded) and full (nonshaded) sunlight. Nonshaded Nordic treated with phenmedipham had 65% lower dry weight compared to similarly treated plants grown under shade, suggesting that spinach tolerance to phenmedipham was mainly affected by light intensity. Measurements of electron transfer intensity in photosystem II also showed tolerance to phenmedipham that varied among spinach varieties and light intensity. The maximum values of electron transfer in photosystem II of Regal treated with phenmedipham were higher than those of similarly treated Nordic. In the field, phenmedipham was applied under varied light and temperature conditions. The impact of light intensity on yield of treated spinach was greater than the impact of temperature. Phenmedipham applied under high light conditions was more injurious than when applied under low light conditions. Results from this study can contribute to successful integration of phenmedipham into currently used fresh spinach weed management, which in turn can allow more efficient production of this crop. C1 [Lati, Ran N.; Rachuy, John S.; Fennimore, Steven A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Mou, Beiquan] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Lati, RN (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, 1636 East Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM ranlati@ucdavis.edu NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 EI 1550-2759 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 64 IS 1 BP 146 EP 153 DI 10.1614/WS-D-15-00056.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DB1IY UT WOS:000368263100017 ER PT J AU Roberts, ES Boudreau, BA Brown, DW McQuade, KL Remsen, EE AF Roberts, Ethan S. Boudreau, Beth A. Brown, Daren W. McQuade, Kristi L. Remsen, Edward E. TI Analysis of carbohydrates in Fusarium verticillioides using size-exclusion HPLC - DRI and direct analysis in real time ionization - time-of-flight - mass spectrometry (DART-MS) SO ANALYTICAL METHODS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SCATTERING DETECTION; ION-SOURCE; MANNITOL; TREHALOSE; STRESS; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; ACCUMULATION; TEMPERATURE; METABOLISM; FUMONISINS AB Direct analysis in real time ionization - time-of-flight - mass spectrometry (DART-MS) and size-exclusion HPLC - DRI are used, respectively, to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the carbohydrates extracted from the corn rot fungus Fusarium verticillioides. In situ permethylation in the DART beam forms trimethylammonium adducts of the carbohydrates, which enables positive ion MS detection and analysis of these compounds in either whole fungal extracts or size-exclusion separated HPLC fractions of the extracts. This method detects the disaccharide trehalose at concentrations greater than 3.0 ppm. Additionally, this procedure allows for analysis of glucose as well as the sugar alcohols mannitol, arabitol, and glycerol. The reliability of the DART-MS method is confirmed by the absence of trehalose in a mutant strain of F. verticillioides lacking the gene for trehalose-6-phosphate synthase. The capabilities demonstrated here suggest that the DART-MS method, in conjunction with size-exclusion HPLC, is an effective approach for the analysis of saccharide biomarkers in fungi. C1 [Roberts, Ethan S.; Boudreau, Beth A.; McQuade, Kristi L.; Remsen, Edward E.] Bradley Univ, Mund Lagowski Dept Chem & Biochem, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. [Brown, Daren W.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Remsen, EE (reprint author), Bradley Univ, Mund Lagowski Dept Chem & Biochem, 1501 West Bradley Ave, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. EM eremsen@bradley.edu NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 14 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1759-9660 EI 1759-9679 J9 ANAL METHODS-UK JI Anal. Methods PY 2016 VL 8 IS 3 BP 673 EP 681 DI 10.1039/c5ay01666e PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy GA DA7LJ UT WOS:000367985300027 ER PT J AU Wei, W Davis, WWRE Davis, RE Lee, IM Zhao, Y AF Wei, W. Wu, W. Davis, R. E. Lee, I. -M. Zhao, Y. TI Development of molecular markers and a diagnostic tool for investigation of coinfections by and interactions between potato purple top and potato witches'-broom phytoplasmas in tomato SO ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diagnosis; disease management; mixed infections; molecular marker; phytoplasma ID TRANSMITTED VIRESCENCE AGENT; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; BEET LEAFHOPPER; PLANT-VIRUSES; INFECTION; CICADELLIDAE; RELATEDNESS; BEGOMOVIRUS; COLUMBIA; DISEASE AB Columbia Basin potato purple top (PPT) phytoplasma and Alaska potato witches'-broom (PWB) phytoplasma are two closely related but mutually distinct pathogenic bacteria that infect potato and other vegetable crops. Inhabiting phloem sieve elements and being transmitted by phloem-feeding insect vectors, both pathogens are affiliated with 'Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii' and are members of the clover proliferation phytoplasma group (16SrVI). The polyphagous nature and wide geographic distribution of their insect vectors make mixed infection inevitable. In this study, we experimentally constituted a simultaneous PPT and PWB phytoplasma infection in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and developed a sensitive diagnostic tool to investigate mixed infections by and in planta interactions of the two phytoplasmas. The distribution and relative abundance of the two co-infecting phytoplasmas were monitored over a 45-day post-infection time course and for three serial passages in planta. Our results revealed that dual infections of the two phytoplasmas induce a new symptom unseen in infection by either phytoplasma alone. Our results also raised an interesting question as to whether the two phytoplasmas differ in ability of competitive dominance under co-infection conditions. The molecular markers and the diagnostic tool devised in this study should be useful for further investigations of the interactions between the two closely related phytoplasmas in their hosts. C1 [Wei, W.; Wu, W.; Davis, R. E.; Lee, I. -M.; Zhao, Y.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zhao, Y (reprint author), ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yan.zhao@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0003-4746 EI 1744-7348 J9 ANN APPL BIOL JI Ann. Appl. Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 168 IS 1 BP 133 EP 141 DI 10.1111/aab.12248 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA DA8QT UT WOS:000368071600012 ER PT J AU Pekin, BK Wisdom, MJ Parks, CG Endress, BA Naylor, BJ AF Pekin, Burak K. Wisdom, Michael J. Parks, Catherine G. Endress, Bryan A. Naylor, Bridgett J. TI Response of native versus exotic plant guilds to cattle and elk herbivory in forested rangeland SO APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Conditioned Correspondence Analysis; Conifer Forest Management; Grazing; Non-Native Species; Prescribed Burning; Stand Thinning; Ungulates ID UNGULATE HERBIVORY; MANAGEMENT; DEER; COMMUNITIES; ECOSYSTEMS; GRASSLANDS; INVASIONS; MOUNTAINS; DIVERSITY; OREGON AB Questions: Are exotic plant species favoured by non-native ungulate herbivores and disadvantaged by native herbivores in forested rangelands? Do the impacts of ungulates on exotic vs native plants depend on forest management activities such as prescribed fire and stand thinning? Location: Northeastern Oregon, USA. Methods: We recorded changes in richness and cover of different exotic and native plant life forms in experimental plots that were grazed only by cattle (a non-native herbivore), only by elk (a native herbivore) or not grazed by any ungulate over a 7-yr period at both managed (recently burned and thinned) and unmanaged (where no fire and thinning has occurred in >40 yr) forest stands. Results: There was a general decrease in exotic plant species richness and cover across all treatments. However, the decrease in exotic richness, particularly of exotic annual forbs, was slightly lower in plots grazed by elk than in ungrazed plots at managed stands. Managed stands also displayed a larger increase in native annual forb richness and exotic graminoid richness, and a larger decrease in native perennial graminoid cover with cattle grazing than elk grazing. At unmanaged stands, cover of woody native plants such as shrubs, sub-shrubs and trees as well as native perennial forbs decreased or remained relatively constant with elk grazing while increasing strongly at plots that were ungrazed or grazed by cattle. Conclusions: Cattle and elk have variable effects on different plant guilds at managed vs unmanaged forest stands. Overall, cattle grazing tends to have a larger impact on herbaceous plant guilds at managed stands, while elk grazing tends to have a larger impact on woody plant guilds at unmanaged stands. However, in contrast to findings from other ecosystems, grazing only has a minor impact on exotic plant dynamics in our study area, and cattle grazing does not favour exotic plants any more than grazing by elk or ungulate exclusion. C1 [Pekin, Burak K.] Inst Conservat Res, San Diego Zoo Global, Div Appl Plant Ecol, Escondido, CA 92027 USA. [Wisdom, Michael J.; Parks, Catherine G.; Naylor, Bridgett J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Endress, Bryan A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim & Rangeland Sci, Eastern Oregon Agr & Nat Resource Program, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. RP Pekin, BK (reprint author), Inst Conservat Res, San Diego Zoo Global, Div Appl Plant Ecol, Escondido, CA 92027 USA. EM bpekin@sandiegozoo.org; mwisdom@fs.fed.us; cparks@fs.fed.us; bryan.endress@oregonstate.edu; bnaylor@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University; San Diego Zoo's Institute for Conservation Research FX We thank Abe Clark, John Cook, Rachel Cook, Tim Del-Curto, Brian Dick, Ryan Kennedy, Dennis Rea and Martin Vavra for implementing the cattle and elk treatments. We also thank Kent Coe and summer technicians for their data collection efforts. Jen Hafer provided key support for data management. Research was funded by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University, and San Diego Zoo's Institute for Conservation Research. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1402-2001 EI 1654-109X J9 APPL VEG SCI JI Appl. Veg. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 19 IS 1 BP 31 EP 39 DI 10.1111/avsc.12194 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA DA8RU UT WOS:000368074600006 ER PT J AU Borovsky, D Sterner, A Powell, CA AF Borovsky, Dov Sterner, Andeas Powell, Charles A. TI CLONING AND EXPRESSING TRYPSIN MODULATING OOSTATIC FACTOR IN Chlorella desiccata TO CONTROL MOSQUITO LARVAE SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Chlorella desiccata; genetic engineering; trypsin modulating oostatic factor ID DOMINANT SELECTABLE MARKER; NITRATE REDUCTASE GENE; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; NUCLEAR TRANSFORMATION; STABLE TRANSFORMATION; TRANSIENT EXPRESSION; RESISTANCE; ALGA; HORMONE; CELLS AB The insect peptide hormone trypsin modulating oostatic factor (TMOF), a decapeptide that is synthesized by the mosquito ovary and controls the translation of the gut's trypsin mRNA was cloned and expressed in the marine alga Chlorella desiccata. To express Aedes aegypti TMOF gene (tmfA) in C. desiccata cells, two plasmids (pYES2/TMOF and pYDB4-tmfA) were engineered with pKYLX71 DNA (5 Kb) carrying the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) promoter 35S(2) and the kanamycin resistant gene (neo), as well as, a 8 Kb nitrate reductase gene (nit) from Chlorella vulgaris. Transforming C. desiccata with pYES2/TMOF and pYDB4-tmfA show that the engineered algal cells express TMOF (20 +/- 4 g +/- SEM and 17 +/- 3 g +/- SEM, respectively in 3 x 10(8) cells) and feeding the cells to mosquito larvae kill 75 and 60% of Ae. aegypti larvae in 4 days, respectively. Southern and Northern blots analyses show that tmfA integrated into the genome of C. desiccata by homologous recombination using the yeast 2 circle of replication and the nit in pYES2/TMOF and pYDB4-tmfA, respectively, and the transformed algal cells express tmfA transcript. Using these algal cells it will be possible in the future to control mosquito larvae in the marsh. C1 [Borovsky, Dov] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Sterner, Andeas] Bayer CropSci AG, Monheim, Germany. [Powell, Charles A.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Borovsky, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Lab, 2001 Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM dovborovsky@gmail.com FU USA-Israel BSF; NIH STTR; Bayer CropScience AG; Insect Biotechnology, Inc.; Florida Mosquito Control Association; Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX Grant sponsor: USA-Israel BSF, NIH STTR, Bayer CropScience AG, Insect Biotechnology, Inc., and Florida Mosquito Control Association (to D.B.); grant sponsor: Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0739-4462 EI 1520-6327 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 91 IS 1 BP 17 EP 36 DI 10.1002/arch.21306 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA DB2KN UT WOS:000368337200002 PM 26440910 ER PT J AU Madeira, PT Facey, J Pratt, PD Maul, DP Wheeler, G AF Madeira, Paul T. Facey, Jordan Pratt, Paul D. Maul, Dora P. Wheeler, Gregory TI Are three colonies of Neostromboceros albicomus, a candidate biological control agent for Lygodium microphyllum, the same host biotype? SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biological control; host range testing; invasive exotic; lygodiaceae; tenthredinidae ID WORLD CLIMBING FERN; 28S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; SPECIES DELIMITATION; FLORIDA; HYMENOPTERA; PHYLOGENY; AUSTRALIA; D2 AB Three colonies of Neostromboceros albicomus, a candidate biological control agent of Lygodium microphyllum, were barcoded using the D2 expansion domain, to determine which of two biotypes they represented. The first colony, collected in 2005 and 2007, was used for the initial host range testing. Colonies collected in 2012 and 2014 are currently being used to finalise this testing. All three colonies were collected in Trat Province, Thailand and all three populations show identical sequences to the N. albicomus biotype which prefers L. microphyllum as its host plant. The N. albicomus biotype that uses L. flexuosum as its host plant differs by a single nucleotide, a difference which may reflect cryptic speciation. C1 [Madeira, Paul T.; Wheeler, Gregory] USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 93621 USA. [Facey, Jordan; Maul, Dora P.] St Thomas Univ, Sch Sci, Miami, FL USA. [Pratt, Paul D.] USDA, ARS, WRRC Exot & Invas Weeds Res, Albany, CA USA. RP Madeira, PT (reprint author), USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 93621 USA. FU St. Thomas University; USDA-HSI; US Department of Education-STEM TRAC grant [P03C110190]; MDC School of Science-STU School of Science, Technology and Engineering Management; Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission; South Florida Water Management District; USDA ARS FX We are indebted to Jeff Makinson (CSIRO) and Elizabeth Mattison (USDA) for their assistance in collecting and rearing the sawflies. The authors thank the support of St. Thomas University and the USDA-HSI funded grant consortium FCCAgE, its staff, and the USDA agency directors and supervisors. Partial funding for this project was also provided by the US Department of Education-STEM TRAC grant (P03C110190), MDC School of Science-STU School of Science, Technology and Engineering Management. Further financial support was provided by Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission, South Florida Water Management District and USDA ARS. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity employer and provider. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2016 VL 26 IS 3 BP 440 EP 445 DI 10.1080/09583157.2015.1123676 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA DA8UY UT WOS:000368083100016 ER PT J AU Kidner, C Groover, A Thomas, DC Emelianova, K Soliz-Gamboa, C Lens, F AF Kidner, Catherine Groover, Andrew Thomas, Daniel C. Emelianova, Katie Soliz-Gamboa, Claudia Lens, Frederic TI First steps in studying the origins of secondary woodiness in Begonia (Begoniaceae): combining anatomy, phylogenetics, and stem transcriptomics SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE molecular wood pathway; wood anatomy ID RNA-SEQ DATA; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; INSULAR WOODINESS; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; WOOD ANATOMY; SEQUENCE; ALIGNMENT; TREES; DNA AB Since Darwin's observation that secondary woodiness is common on islands, the evolution of woody plants from herbaceous ancestors has been documented in numerous angiosperm groups. However, the evolutionary processes that give rise to this phenomenon are poorly understood. To begin addressing this we have used a range of approaches to study the anatomical and genetic changes associated with the evolution and development of secondary woodiness in a tractable group. Begonia is a large, mainly herbaceous, pantropical genus that shows multiple shifts towards secondarily woody species inhabiting mainly tropical montane areas throughout the world. Molecular phylogenies, including only a sample of the woody species in Begonia, indicated at least eight instances of a herbaceous-woody transition within the genus. Wood anatomical observations of the five woody species studied revealed protracted juvenilism that further support the secondary derived origin of wood within Begonia. To identify potential genes involved in shifts towards secondary woodiness, stem transcriptomes of wood development in B. burbidgei were analysed and compared with available transcriptome datasets for the non-woody B. venustra, B. conchifolia, and Arabidopsis, and with transcriptome datasets for wood development in Populus. Results identified a number of potential regulatory genes as well as variation in expression of key biosynthetic enzymes. (C) 2015 The Authors. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Linnean Society of London, C1 [Kidner, Catherine; Emelianova, Katie] Royal Bot Gardens, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Kidner, Catherine; Emelianova, Katie] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Mol Plant Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Groover, Andrew] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. [Groover, Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA USA. [Thomas, Daniel C.; Soliz-Gamboa, Claudia; Lens, Frederic] Leiden Univ, Nat Biodivers Ctr, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Thomas, Daniel C.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Thomas, Daniel C.] Singapore Bot Gardens, Res & Conservat Branch, Singapore, Singapore. RP Lens, F (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Nat Biodivers Ctr, POB 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM frederic.lens@naturalis.nl RI Lens, Frederic/B-8482-2011; OI Lens, Frederic/0000-0002-5001-0149; Thomas, Daniel Caspar/0000-0002-1307-6042 FU Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Sabah Parks; Alberta Mennega Foundation FX The authors thank Naturalis Biodiversity Center and Sabah Parks for organising and financially supporting the Mount Kinabalu & Crocker Range expedition. We also thank Rimi Repin, Mark Tebbitt and Marc Sosef for their valuable discussions, and Ruth Kiew for identifying the collections from Kinabalu and Crocker Range. Marcelo Pace is acknowledged for collecting the wood sample of Begonia fruticosa, and Sukaibin Sumail for sending leaf material of B. vaccinioides. Frederic Lens received support from the Alberta Mennega Foundation. We would like to acknowledge the very useful discussions and presentations at the April 2014 Linnean Society meeting 'Collection-based research in the genomic era', which greatly aided our analysis of this data. NR 80 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4066 EI 1095-8312 J9 BIOL J LINN SOC JI Biol. J. Linnean Soc. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 117 IS 1 SI SI BP 121 EP 138 DI 10.1111/bij.12492 PG 18 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA DB0GN UT WOS:000368186700010 ER PT J AU Jiang, XY Denef, K Stewart, CE Cotrufo, MF AF Jiang, Xinyu Denef, Karolien Stewart, Catherine E. Cotrufo, M. Francesca TI Controls and dynamics of biochar decomposition and soil microbial abundance, composition, and carbon use efficiency during long-term biochar-amended soil incubations SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE Biochar decomposition; Microbial composition; Carbon use efficiency; Long-term incubation ID PYROGENIC ORGANIC-MATTER; FATTY-ACID PROFILES; BLACK CARBON; TEMPERATE SOILS; PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; LOAM SOIL; BACTERIAL; NITROGEN; BIOMASS AB The process-level understanding of biochar-C decomposition and microbial utilization in soils is poorly understood as well as how these dynamics vary across different addition rates and soil types. We present results from a 30-month laboratory incubation, where oak-derived biochar was added at 0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 % rate by weight to four soils varying in soil properties. We determined biochar-C loss using natural abundance C-13 isotope coupled to measurements of CO2 efflux. We measured microbial abundance, composition, and C use efficiency (CUE) using phospholipid fatty acid biomarkers and C-13 labeled glucose, respectively. After 30 months, the amount of the remaining biochar-C was insignificantly different between different biochar addition rates, suggesting that biochar-C loss is proportional to biochar addition rates. In soils with higher C contents (i.e., > 1.5 %), biochar decomposition rates appeared to slow down after initial fast decomposition; while biochar decomposition rates followed one-pool model for soils with lower C. Soil microbial composition significantly changed at 10 or 20 % addition rate after 30 months, which was correlated with the increase in soil C/N. The highest CUE was found at 1 or 5 %, depending on soil types. C1 [Jiang, Xinyu] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Xinyu; Denef, Karolien; Stewart, Catherine E.; Cotrufo, M. Francesca] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Jiang, Xinyu] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Environm Pollut Control &, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Denef, Karolien] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Cent Instrument Facil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Stewart, Catherine E.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Cotrufo, M. Francesca] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Jiang, XY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM jiangxyu@scib.ac.cn RI Cotrufo, M. Francesca/C-1614-2013; OI Cotrufo, M. Francesca/0000-0002-6191-8953; Stewart, Catherine/0000-0003-1216-0450 FU 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) [Y421081001]; Colorado Department of Agriculture, Natural science foundation of Guangdong province [2014A030310161]; South China Botanical Garden [201408]; Cotrufo-Hoppess fund for soil ecology research; Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) [201206380021] FX This work has been funded by the 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) (Y421081001); Colorado Department of Agriculture, Natural science foundation of Guangdong province (2014A030310161); Director fund of South China Botanical Garden (201408); Cotrufo-Hoppess fund for soil ecology research; and the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) funding (201206380021). This work is part of the USDA-ARS GRACENet project. Analyses were conducted at the EcoCore analytical facility. NR 94 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 17 U2 59 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 EI 1432-0789 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD JAN PY 2016 VL 52 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1007/s00374-015-1047-7 PG 14 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DB0FR UT WOS:000368184500001 ER PT J AU Broadhurst, LM Jones, TA Smith, FS North, T Guja, L AF Broadhurst, Linda M. Jones, Thomas A. Smith, Forrest S. North, Tom Guja, Lydia TI Maximizing Seed Resources for Restoration in an Uncertain Future SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE land degradation; restoration; climate change; seed production ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; COMMON GARDEN; DORMANCY; FOREST; REVEGETATION; CONSERVATION; GERMINATION; EMERGENCE AB Seed is fundamental to broadscale plant restoration when the goal is to re-establish species and ecosystems. But climate change is expected to significantly influence plant reproduction, affecting seed availability and viability as well as planting opportunities. Meeting growing restoration targets within these constraints in new and unfamiliar climates will be challenging. Consequently, we need to develop a range of flexible strategies to ensure that sufficient volumes of viable seed are available to take advantage of planting opportunities under novel environmental scenarios. This requires coordinated leadership to align funding and planting timelines, using seed production areas to improve seed supply, building and maintaining infrastructure to stockpile seed, encouraging research to overcome storage and germination constraints, and developing and implementing new technologies in all of these areas. Increased tolerance to risk and failure will also be required as the application of current restoration practices may not be appropriate as the climate changes. C1 [Broadhurst, Linda M.; North, Tom; Guja, Lydia] CSIRO Natl Res Collect Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Broadhurst, Linda M.; North, Tom; Guja, Lydia] Ctr Australian Natl Biodivers Res, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [North, Tom; Guja, Lydia] Australian Natl Bot Gardens, Dept Environm, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Jones, Thomas A.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT USA. [Smith, Forrest S.] Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, South Texas Natives Project, Kingsville, TX USA. [Smith, Forrest S.] Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, Texas Native Seeds Project, Kingsville, TX USA. RP Broadhurst, LM (reprint author), CSIRO Natl Res Collect Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia. EM linda.broadhurst@csiro.au NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD JAN PY 2016 VL 66 IS 1 BP 73 EP 79 DI 10.1093/biosci/biv155 PG 7 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DB2CM UT WOS:000368315900010 ER PT J AU Kothari, N Campbell, BT Dever, JK Hinze, LL AF Kothari, Neha Campbell, B. Todd Dever, Jane K. Hinze, Lori L. TI Combining Ability and Performance of Cotton Germplasm with Diverse Seed Oil Content SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM-L; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; UPLAND COTTON; FIBER TRAITS; YIELD; QUALITY; LINE; REGISTRATION; POPULATIONS AB Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production has traditionally been guided by fiber yield and quality, but recent interest has focused on using cottonseed as a food; therefore, cottonseed oil content is an important trait to understand. A line-by-tester analysis was used to determine combining abilities by crossing four lines (PD 7723, PD 94042, PD 3246, and PD 5377) and four testers (TX 21, TX 101, TX 182, and TX 244) with varying seed oil content selected from accessions in the US National Cotton Germplasm Collection. Seed oil content was found to be a heritable trait (H-2 = 0.52). The analysis showed that a large part of the phenotypic variation in oil content was associated with general combining ability, although significant specific combining ability occurred in several crosses. Overall, TX 182 and TX 101 had higher combining abilities, while PD 94042 had the lowest combining ability for oil content. Among hybrids, PD 3246. TX 101, PD 7723. TX 101, and PD 5377. TX 182 had the highest combining abilities. All traits tested in these environments showed highly significant genotype. environment effects. The highest mean oil was observed in Florence, SC, during 2010 (TX 182, 28.28%). This study suggests that there is sufficient additive variance available for plant breeders to improve seed oil content. In addition, correlation analyses indicated that oil content can be increased at the same time as seed index, boll weight, and fiber traits including elongation, uniformity, upper half mean length (UHML), and strength. C1 [Kothari, Neha; Dever, Jane K.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Campbell, B. Todd] USDA ARS, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Hinze, Lori L.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Hinze, LL (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM lori.hinze@ars.usda.gov RI Kothari, Neha/K-8184-2016; OI Kothari, Neha/0000-0001-6184-1784; Hinze, Lori L/0000-0003-3356-1245 FU CRIS of USDA [6202-21000-031-00D] FX This research project was supported by funding from CRIS No. 6202-21000-031-00D of the USDA. The authors gratefully acknowledge members of the USDA-ARS and Texas AgriLife Research cotton genetics and breeding projects for their valuable technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 19 EP 29 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0166 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100003 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Bethke, PC Bussan, AJ Glynn, MT Holm, DG Navarro, FM Novy, RG Palta, JP Pavek, MJ Porter, GA Sathuvalli, VR Thompson, AL Voglewede, PJ Whitworth, JL Parish, DI Endelman, JB AF Wang, Yi Bethke, Paul C. Bussan, Alvin J. Glynn, Martin T. Holm, David G. Navarro, Felix M. Novy, Richard G. Palta, Jiwan P. Pavek, Mark J. Porter, Gregory A. Sathuvalli, Vidyasagar R. Thompson, Asunta L. Voglewede, Paul J. Whitworth, Jonathan L. Parish, David I. Endelman, Jeffrey B. TI Acrylamide-Forming Potential and Agronomic Properties of Elite US Potato Germplasm from the National Fry Processing Trial SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; FRESH-MARKET; FRENCH FRIES; LONG RUSSET; YIELD; ASPARAGINE; STRATEGIES; CULTIVARS; PRODUCTS; VARIETY AB Processed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) products, such as chips and French fries, contribute to the dietary intake of acrylamide, a suspected human carcinogen. One of the most promising approaches for reducing its consumption is to develop and commercialize new potato varieties with low acrylamide-forming potential. To facilitate this effort, a National Fry Processing Trial (NFPT) was conducted from 2011 to 2013 in five states. More than 140 advanced breeding lines were evaluated for tuber agronomic traits and biochemical properties from harvest through 8 mo of storage. Thirty-eight and 29 entries had significantly less acrylamide in French fries than standard varieties Russet Burbank and Ranger Russet, with reductions in excess of 50%, after one and 8 mo of storage, respectively. As in previous studies, the glucose content of raw tubers was predictive of acrylamide in finished French fries (R-2 = 0.64-0.77). Despite its role in acrylamide formation, tuber free asparagine was not significant, potentially because it showed relatively little variation in the NFPT population. Even when glucose was included in the model as a covariate, genotype was highly significant (p = 0.001) for predicting acrylamide, indicating there may be yet-unidentified genetic loci to target in breeding. The NFPT has demonstrated that there exist many elite US breeding lines with low acrylamide-forming potential. Our ongoing challenge is to combine this trait with complex quality attributes required by the fry processing industry. C1 [Wang, Yi] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Bethke, Paul C.; Bussan, Alvin J.; Palta, Jiwan P.; Endelman, Jeffrey B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bethke, Paul C.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Glynn, Martin T.] USDA ARS, Potato Res Worksite, East Grand Forks, MN 56721 USA. [Holm, David G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ctr, CO 81125 USA. [Navarro, Felix M.] Univ Wisconsin, Hancock Agr Res Stn, Hancock, WI 54943 USA. [Novy, Richard G.; Whitworth, Jonathan L.] USDA ARS, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Pavek, Mark J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Porter, Gregory A.] Univ Maine, Sch Food & Agr, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Sathuvalli, Vidyasagar R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Hermiston, OR 97838 USA. [Thompson, Asunta L.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Voglewede, Paul J.; Parish, David I.] AIS Consulting LLC, Allen, TX 75013 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM yiw@uidaho.edu; endelman@wisc.edu FU US Potato Board; Cavendish Foods; ConAgra Lamb-Weston; J.R. Simplot; McCain Foods; National Institute of Food and Agriculture USDA Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2011-51181-30629]; local potato grower associations FX Financial support for this research was provided by the US Potato Board, local potato grower associations, Cavendish Foods, ConAgra Lamb-Weston, J.R. Simplot, McCain Foods, and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture USDA Specialty Crop Research Initiative (Grant #2011-51181-30629). The authors thank the many individuals who assisted with management of the field trials. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 30 EP 39 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0173 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100004 ER PT J AU Chao, SM Elias, E Benscher, D Ishikawa, G Huang, YF Saito, M Nakamura, T Xu, S Faris, J Sorrells, M AF Chao, Shiaoman Elias, Elias Benscher, David Ishikawa, Goro Huang, Yung-Fen Saito, Mika Nakamura, Toshiki Xu, Steven Faris, Justin Sorrells, Mark TI Genetic Mapping of Major-Effect Seed Dormancy Quantitative Trait Loci on Chromosome 2B using Recombinant Substitution Lines in Tetraploid Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PREHARVEST SPROUTING RESISTANCE; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; WILD EMMER WHEAT; WHITE WINTER-WHEAT; DURUM-WHEAT; LINKAGE MAP; GRAIN DORMANCY; SPRING WHEAT; TURGIDUM L.; SEGREGATION DISTORTION AB Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) cultivars can benefit from having some level of seed dormancy to help reduce seed damage and lower grain quality caused by preharvest sprouting (PHS) occurring during wet harvesting conditions. Previously, a single chromosome substitution line carrying chromosome 2B of wild emmer [Triticum turgidum L. subsp. dicoccoides (Korn. ex Asch. & Graebn.) Thell.] in the durum cultivar Langdon background was found to have higher levels of seed dormancy and PHS tolerance. In this study, a population of recombinant substitution lines was developed and used to construct a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based high-density genetic linkage map. Seed germination tests were used to evaluate seed dormancy levels. Multiple interval mapping analysis revealed four quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions affecting seed dormancy. Two regions containing major-effect QTL contributed by wild emmer were consistently expressed in four environments and explained 5.89 to 11.14% of the phenotypic variation. One QTL region was located near the centromere and the other on the long arm of chromosome 2B in Bayes credible intervals of 4 and 7 cM, respectively. Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) carrying both QTL had an average of 35% reduced rate of germination measured by weighted germination index compared with RILs carrying neither QTL. The two QTL regions identified in this study should be useful for improving PHS tolerance in wheat. Efforts to transfer the two QTL into elite durum cultivars are in progress to examine the effects of genetic background and environment on QTL expression and to evaluate the performance of other agronomic traits in the presence of the QTL. C1 [Chao, Shiaoman; Xu, Steven; Faris, Justin] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Elias, Elias] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Benscher, David; Sorrells, Mark] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ishikawa, Goro; Saito, Mika; Nakamura, Toshiki] Natl Agr & Food Res Org, Tohoku Agr Res Ctr, Morioka, Iwate 0200198, Japan. [Huang, Yung-Fen] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. RP Chao, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM shiaoman.chao@ars.usda.gov OI HUANG, YUNG-FEN/0000-0001-7854-2764 FU USDA CRIS Project [3060-520-037-00D]; Hatch project [149-430]; USDA-NIFA-AFRI grants [2009-65300-05661] FX The authors thank Stan Stancyk for field assistance at Prosper, ND, and Dawn Feltus and Mary Osenga for technical assistance. This research was supported by USDA CRIS Project No. 3060-520-037-00D. We also acknowledge support from Hatch project 149-430 and from USDA-NIFA-AFRI grants, award numbers 2009-65300-05661. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 59 EP 72 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.05.0315 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100007 ER PT J AU Horne, DW Eller, MS Holland, JB AF Horne, David W. Eller, Magen S. Holland, James B. TI Responses to Recurrent Index Selection for Reduced Fusarium Ear Rot and Lodging and for Increased Yield in Maize SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FUMONISIN CONTAMINATION RESISTANCE; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; POPULATIONS; VERTICILLIOIDES; ACCUMULATION AB Fusarium ear rot, caused by the pathogen Fusarium verticillioides, damages maize (Zea mays L.) grain production and is associated with contamination of grain by fumonisin, a mycotoxin harmful to both humans and animals. Recurrent selection may be an effective way to combine improvements in resistance to Fusarium ear rot with improved grain yield and lodging resistance. To test this hypothesis, three cycles of recurrent index selection based on evaluating S-0:1 lines for Fusarium ear rot, grain yield, and lodging were implemented in a genetically broad-based population. Direct intrapopulation response to selection in the target traits was measured by comparing lines sampled from Cycle 0 and Cycle 3 populations. In addition, indirect response for fumonisin contamination was also measured along with indirect response for agronomic traits when crossed to commercial inbred tester, FR1064. Results indicate significant direct gain from selection for Fusarium ear rot, but no significant gains for yield or lodging resistance. Indirect gains were also observed for Fusarium ear rot resistance in topcrosses to an unrelated tester line and for fumonisin contamination both within the selection population and in topcrosses. Our results are the first demonstration of the indirect effect of selection against Fusarium ear rot on reduction of fumonisin contamination. Heritabilities for target traits did not decrease over generations, indicating potential for further genetic gain from selection in this population. C1 [Horne, David W.; Eller, Magen S.; Holland, James B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Holland, James B.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Holland, JB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM james_holland@ncsu.edu FU USDA-ARS; National Science Foundation [IOS-1238014] FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS and National Science Foundation grant IOS-1238014. We thank Jason Brewer for technical assistance with this project. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 85 EP 94 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.06.0333 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100009 ER PT J AU Hayes, CM Weers, BD Thakran, M Burow, G Xin, ZG Emendack, Y Burke, JJ Rooney, WL Mullet, JE AF Hayes, Chad M. Weers, Brock D. Thakran, Manish Burow, Gloria Xin, Zhanguo Emendack, Yves Burke, John J. Rooney, William L. Mullet, John E. TI Discovery of a Dhurrin QTL in Sorghum: Co-localization of Dhurrin Biosynthesis and a Novel Stay-green QTL SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BICOLOR L. MOENCH; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; RECOMBINANT INBRED POPULATIONS; GRAIN-SORGHUM; DROUGHT TOLERANCE; CYANOGENIC GLUCOSIDES; LEAF SENESCENCE; IMPROVE YIELD; GENOME; ENVIRONMENTS AB Dhurrin [(S)-p-hydroxymandelonitrile-beta-D-gluco-pyranoside] is a cyanogenic glucoside produced by sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) and is generally considered a natural defense compound capable of producing the toxin hydrogen cyanide (HCN) to deter animal herbivory. Recently, high levels of leaf dhurrin have been found in grain sorghum genotypes that also exhibit stay-green during postanthesis water deficit. Post-flowering drought tolerance (stay-green) in sorghum is an economically important trait in sorghum production regions where drought stress postanthesis is common. Stay-green is associated with reduced lodging, charcoal rot resistance, increased grain fill, and increased grain yield. The genetic control of stay-green is complex, with multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL) being identified in affecting expression of stay-grain. Here we report the discovery of a dhurrin QTL (Dhu1) on SBI01 using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population derived from BTx642/Tx7000. Leaf dhurrin was highly heritable and Dhu1 explained a large percentage of the variation of leaf dhurrin in the population. Dhu1 is aligned with genes involved in dhurrin biosynthesis (CYP79A1, CYP71E1, UGT85B1). Protein sequence variants found in CYP71E1 and UGT85B1 could be the cause of the observed differences in leaf dhurrin levels in BTx642, Tx7000, and other sorghum lines that vary in leaf dhurrin content. Dhu1 is also aligned with a previously un-identified stay-green QTL (Stg5) on SBI01, consistent with prior studies showing an association between high leaf dhurrin levels, this region of SBI01, and expression of the stay-green trait. C1 [Hayes, Chad M.; Burow, Gloria; Xin, Zhanguo; Emendack, Yves; Burke, John J.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Weers, Brock D.; Thakran, Manish; Mullet, John E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Rooney, William L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Mullet, JE (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM jmullet@tamu.edu FU U.S. Sorghum Checkoff Program; Dupont Pioneer; Ceres Inc. FX The authors would like to thank Mr. Jacobo Sanchez for assistance in HPLC analysis of dhurrin. We are grateful to Mr. Delroy Collins, Mr. Matthew Nesbitt, and student aides and field assistants for their dedicated support to this project. The authors acknowledge the support of the U.S. Sorghum Checkoff Program and funding to JEM and WLR from Dupont Pioneer and Ceres Inc. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 25 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 104 EP 112 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.06.0379 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100011 ER PT J AU Yerka, MK Toy, JJ Funnell-Harris, DL Sattler, SE Pedersen, JF AF Yerka, M. K. Toy, J. J. Funnell-Harris, D. L. Sattler, S. E. Pedersen, J. F. TI Evaluation of Interallelic waxy, Heterowaxy, and Wild-Type Grain Sorghum Hybrids SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; STARCH GRANULES; AMYLOSE CONTENT; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; PROTEIN DIGESTIBILITY; ENDOSPERM; FUNCTIONALITY; REGISTRATION; ARCHITECTURE AB Four near-isogenic Wheatland x Tx430 grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] hybrids differing in allelic status at the Waxy locus were grown in yield trials to determine their potential to expand existing sources of low-amylose starch. The hypothesis tested was that agronomic performance and grain yield do not differ among hybrid genotypes. Hybrids were generated in a two-by-two factorial design using wx(b) and wild-type (WT) Wheatland as female parents with wx(a) and WT Tx430 as male parents. Yield trials were conducted at two Nebraska locations in 2009 and 2010. No differences were observed for field emergence, but grain yield of the interallelic waxy (wx(b). wx(a)) hybrid was 330 kg ha(-1) greater than the WT. WT hybrid (P = 0.0482). The wx(b). Wx hybrid had the highest grain yield, 633 kg ha(-1) greater than the WT (P = 0.0003). Amylose starch content was lowest for wx(b). wx(a) (7.66 g kg(-1)), intermediate for wxb. Wx and Wx. wxa (25.06 and 27.20 g kg(-1), respectively); and highest for WT. WT (34.80 g kg(-1)) (n = 4, P < 0.0001). The waxy and heterowaxy hybrids evaluated in this study are promising options for commercial production of starches with reduced amylose contents in a drought-tolerant crop. C1 [Yerka, M. K.; Toy, J. J.; Funnell-Harris, D. L.; Sattler, S. E.; Pedersen, J. F.] USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Yerka, MK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res, 137 Keim Hall UNL East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM melinda.yerka@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 113 EP 121 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0151 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100012 ER PT J AU Subramanian, NK Mason, RE Milus, EA Moon, DE Brown-Guedira, G AF Subramanian, Nithya K. Mason, Richard Esten Milus, Eugene A. Moon, David E. Brown-Guedira, Gina TI Characterization of Two Adult-Plant Stripe Rust Resistance Genes on Chromosomes 3BS and 4BL in Soft Red Winter Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; BREAD WHEAT; DURABLE RESISTANCE; LEAF RUST; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; SPRING WHEAT; YELLOW RUST AB Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Erikss. (Pst), is an important foliar disease of soft red winter wheat (SRWW) (Triticum aestivum L.) in the eastern United States. However, very few resistance genes have been characterized in the SRWW germplasm pool. The SRWW line VA96W-270 is known to be resistant to stripe rust race PST-100, which was the predominant race in the United States from 2003 to 2006. To elucidate the genetic basis of resistance, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population developed from a cross between VA96W-270 and the susceptible cultivar Coker 9835 was evaluated for response to stripe rust infection in inoculated field nurseries over a 3-yr period. The RIL population was then genotyped with stripe rust-linked simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 90K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Two major quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified, located on chromosomes 3BS and 4BL, both contributed by VA96W-270. The 3BS and 4BL QTL explained up to 28 and 25% of the phenotypic variation for area under disease pressure curve (AUDPC), respectively. Recombinant inbred lines containing both QTL had average disease severity of 6%, compared with 38 to 45% for lines containing one of the two QTL and 69% for those containing neither QTL. Based on susceptibility of VA96W-270 to infection at the seedling stage, the two genes appear to be associated with adult-plant resistance. Markers associated with the two QTL were polymorphic in various wheat genotypes, suggesting they could be useful in marker-assisted selection (MAS) to develop wheat cultivars with improved stripe rust resistance. C1 [Subramanian, Nithya K.; Mason, Richard Esten; Moon, David E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Milus, Eugene A.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS Plant Sci Res, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Mason, RE (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, 115 Plant Sci Bldg, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM esten@uark.edu FU Arkansas Wheat Promotion Board and Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-67013-19436]; USDA-NIFA [2011-68002-30029] FX This research was funded by the Arkansas Wheat Promotion Board and Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant #2012-67013-19436 of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Funding for SNP genotyping of diverse wheat genotypes was provided by individual breeding programs and the USDA-NIFA Grant No. 2011-68002-30029, "Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project" for funding. We thank Peter Rohman for assistance with the field experiments. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 143 EP 153 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.01.0043 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100015 ER PT J AU Lennon, JR Krakowsky, M Goodman, M Flint-Garcia, S Balint-Kurti, PJ AF Lennon, Jill R. Krakowsky, Matthew Goodman, Major Flint-Garcia, Sherry Balint-Kurti, Peter J. TI Identification of Alleles Conferring Resistance to Gray Leaf Spot in Maize Derived from its Wild Progenitor Species Teosinte SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; CERCOSPORA-ZEAE-MAYDIS; LINE POPULATION; MAYS L.; DISEASE; CORN; QTL; DOMESTICATION; DISCOVERY; MARKERS AB Gray leaf spot (GLS; causal agent Cercospora zeae-maydis and Cercospora zeina) is an important maize (Zea mays L.) disease in the United States. Current control methods for GLS include using resistant cultivars, crop rotation, chemical applications, and conventional tillage to reduce inoculum levels. Teosinte (Z. mays subsp. parviglumis) is the wild progenitor of maize and easily forms hybrids with current maize inbreds. The aims of this study were to identify alleles from teosinte that, when introduced into temperate maize germplasm, conferred significant levels of GLS resistance. A population of 693 BC4S2 near isogenic lines (NILs), developed by crossing nine different teosinte accessions into the background of the maize inbred B73, were evaluated for GLS resistance in replicated field trials over 2 yr. Six markers significantly associated with GLS resistance were identified using 768 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers used to genotype this population. Twenty-seven individual NILs that differed significantly from B73 for GLS resistance and that carried teosinte introgressions at the significantly associated SNPs at bins 2.04, 3.06, 4.07, 5.03, 8.06, and 9.03 were selected for follow-up studies. F-2:3 populations were developed by crossing each selected NIL to B73 followed by self-pollinating the progeny twice. These F-2:3 populations were evaluated for GLS resistance and genotyped at the loci of interest. In most cases, single-marker analysis validated predicted allelic substitution effects from the original NIL populations. C1 [Lennon, Jill R.; Krakowsky, Matthew; Goodman, Major] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Krakowsky, Matthew; Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Flint-Garcia, Sherry] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Flint-Garcia, Sherry] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Balint-Kurti, PJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Box 7616, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM pjbalint@ncsu.edu FU Monsanto FX We would like to thank DuPont Pioneer for planting and maintaining the GLS trials at their location in Andrews, NC, every year. Also, we thank Monsanto for providing funding for J.L.'s Ph.D. research assistantship, as well as the USDA-ARS. We would like to thank Dave Rhyne, Greg Marshall, Pat Fredrichs, Shannon Sermons, Luis Orlando Lopez Zuniga, and Oliver Ott for their assistance during the field seasons. We acknowledge the use of both MaizeGDB and Panzea for data on SNP markers. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 209 EP 218 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.07.0468 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100021 ER PT J AU Kim, M Schultz, S Nelson, RL Diers, BW AF Kim, Myungsik Schultz, Sarah Nelson, Randall L. Diers, Brian W. TI Identification and Fine Mapping of a Soybean Seed Protein QTL from PI 407788A on Chromosome 15 SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; LINKAGE GROUP-I; OIL CONTENT; MASS SELECTION; POPULATIONS; YIELD; ASSOCIATION; SIZE; GRAVITY; MARKERS AB Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is grown primarily as a source of protein and oil. The objectives of this study were to identify soybean seed protein quantitative trait loci (QTL) from the high protein line PI 407788A and to fine map an important QTL for protein on chromosome (chr) 15. The mapping was done in a population of inbred lines developed with one backcross (BC1) using Williams 82 as a recurrent parent and the high protein source PI 407788A as a donor parent. The population was evaluated with genetic markers and for seed protein and oil concentrations in three Illinois locations in 2005 and 2006. The location of the major protein QTL on chr 15 was fine mapped by evaluating six families of lines segregating for sections of the QTL interval in Illinois during 2008. Genetic marker analysis of the BC1 population revealed the locations of significant protein and oil QTL on chr 20 and 15 within regions where QTL for these traits were previously mapped. Fine mapping of the chr 15 QTL placed it in a 535 kb interval between BARCSOYSSR_15_0161 and BARCSOYSSR_15_0194 based on the Glyma. Wm82.a2 assembly. This fine mapping information will be useful in marker-assisted selection and efforts to clone the QTL. C1 [Kim, Myungsik] Natl Inst Crop Sci, Upland Crop Breeding Res Div, Dept Southern Area Crop Sci, Rural Dev Adm Korea, Miryang 627803, Gyeongnam, South Korea. [Schultz, Sarah; Diers, Brian W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Nelson, Randall L.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Diers, BW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM bdiers@illinois.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 219 EP 225 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.06.0340 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100022 ER PT J AU Thapa, R Carrero-Colon, M Crowe, M Gaskin, E Hudson, K AF Thapa, Rima Carrero-Colon, Militza Crowe, Marissa Gaskin, Erik Hudson, Karen TI Novel FAD2-1A Alleles Confer an Elevated Oleic Acid Phenotype in Soybean Seeds SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DESATURASE GENES; MUTANT ALLELES; IN-VIVO; GMFAD2-1A AB To identify novel sources of genetic variation for the high oleic acid seed trait, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] lines containing a higher fraction of oleic acid were identified through a forward-genetic screen of a chemically mutagenized population. Mutant lines contained 30 to 40% of the total fatty acids as oleic acid. Nine of the lines identified contained novel point mutations in the FAD2-1A gene, which is known to be required for the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid. Mutation-specific markers were developed to follow the mutant alleles in segregating populations and confirmed the genetic association of the novel polymorphisms with the elevated oleic acid trait. These lines can be used in breeding approaches and in combination with other genes to generate new soybean germplasm with high levels of oleic acid for the edible oil market. C1 [Thapa, Rima; Crowe, Marissa; Gaskin, Erik] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Carrero-Colon, Militza; Hudson, Karen] USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Hudson, K (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Karen.Hudson@ARS.USDA.GOV FU USDA-ARS Current Research Information System [3602-110-007D] FX We are grateful to Dr. K. Bilyeu for fatty acid sample analysis. Funding for this work was provided through the USDA-ARS Current Research Information System 3602-110-007D. Product names are necessary to report factually on available data. However, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product; use of the names implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 226 EP 231 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.06.0339 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100023 ER PT J AU Bajgain, P Rouse, MN Anderson, JA AF Bajgain, Prabin Rouse, Matthew N. Anderson, James A. TI Comparing Genotyping-by-Sequencing and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Chip Genotyping for Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping in Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; ASCERTAINMENT BIAS; DRAFT GENOME; MAP; IMPROVEMENT; IMPUTATION; CULTIVARS; SELECTION; REVEALS AB Array- or chip-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers are widely used in genomic studies because of their abundance in a genome and lower cost per data point than older marker technologies. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), a relatively newer approach of genotyping, suggests equal appeal because of its lesser cost per data point and the avoidance of ascertainment bias during genotyping. In this study, we compared the results from quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, marker distribution on linkage maps, genome size, recombination sites covered by the markers, and cost per polymorphic marker, as well as the methodology and workflow between the Illumina Infinium 9000 SNP-chip genotyping with GBS. Results indicate that while GBS offers similar genome coverage at almost one-fourth the cost of SNP chip, the SNP-chip method is less demanding of computational skills and resources. Eight and nine QTL were detected in the GBS and SNP-chip datasets, respectively, with one QTL common between the systems. Additionally, imputation accuracy of the GBS dataset was examined by introducing missing values randomly and imputing the missing alleles using a probabilistic principal components algorithm. Imputation results suggest recovery of the missing alleles with reasonable accuracy in datasets with low (up to 40%) amount of missing data is possible and can provide acceptable accuracy in gene mapping. Overall, the comparative results indicate that both approaches provide good genome coverage and similar mapping results. The choice of the genotyping platform is decided by the nature of the study and available resources. C1 [Bajgain, Prabin; Anderson, James A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bajgain, Prabin] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bajgain, P (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM bajga002@umn.edu; ander319@umn.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 FU University of Minnesota Genomics Center; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute; Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute; University of Minnesota Graduate School; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization; Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research; Cereal Disease Laboratory personnel; Anderson Wheat Lab; USDA, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project) [2011-68002-30029]; Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; United Kingdom Department for International Development FX We thank the University of Minnesota Genomics Center, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, the Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, the University of Minnesota Graduate School, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Cereal Disease Laboratory personnel, and Anderson Wheat Lab for their help and support during various phases of the project. Funding for this work was provided by the USDA, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project, Grant no. 2011-68002-30029), the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project administrated by Cornell University and funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the United Kingdom Department for International Development. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 19 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 232 EP 248 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.06.0389 PG 17 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100024 ER PT J AU Espeland, EK Perkins, LB Horning, ME Johnson, RC AF Espeland, Erin K. Perkins, Lora B. Horning, Matthew E. Johnson, Richard C. TI Seed Source May Determine Field-Specific Germination and Emergence: The Source by Planting Environment Interaction SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CAMPANULA-AMERICANA CAMPANULACEAE; TRANS-GENERATIONAL PLASTICITY; TRANSGENERATIONAL PLASTICITY; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; PLANTAGO-LANCEOLATA; LOLIUM-PERENNE; UNITED-STATES; STORAGE; TRAITS; GROWTH AB Farm environmental conditions and management practices can result in within-cultivar differences in seed quality and lead to transgenerational plasticity (farm-specific effects on offspring, or TGP) that affect germination and emergence in transplant fields. We used three perennial bunchgrasses, [green needlegrass (Nassella viridula) 'Lodorm', slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus) 'Pryor', and bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoregneria spicata) prevariety registered germplasm P-7] to determine if seeds exhibited TGP. We also determined if TGP was affected by the interaction between production farms and planting environments (farm x environment interaction, or context-dependent TGP), using four laboratory temperature regimes to test germination response and four field environments to test emergence response in 2013. We stored seeds in four different environments for 10 mo before repeating the experiment to test if recent seed storage conditions mitigated TGP. Context-dependent TGP affected emergence for Pryor and Lodorm both years, however, only Pryor exhibited context-dependent TGP for germination in 2013. Sources with low germination and emergence in the field were less likely to exhibit context-dependent TGP. Some transplant fields did not show differences among sources, but in other transplant fields, emergence increased as much as 24% depending on farm source. The effect of recent seed storage conditions, significant only for Pryor, was opposite for germination and emergence, with room-temperature stored seeds exhibiting the highest emergence and lowest germination. Context-dependent TGP in emergence could not be predicted by our coarse information regarding seed production environments and storage conditions or by germination in the lab. Nonetheless, context-dependent TGP significantly determined emergence in two of the three study species. Mechanisms underlying this phenomenon need further study to understand potential benefits and pitfalls for producers and seed buyers. C1 [Espeland, Erin K.] USDA ARS, Pest Management Res Unit, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Perkins, Lora B.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Horning, Matthew E.] USDA Forest Serv, Deschutes Natl Forest, Bend, OR 97701 USA. [Johnson, Richard C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Germplasm Res & Testing, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Espeland, EK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pest Management Res Unit, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM erin.espeland@ars.usda.gov RI Perkins, Lora/C-3329-2016 OI Perkins, Lora/0000-0002-0689-4995 NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 249 EP 258 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.05.0318 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100025 ER PT J AU Nelson, PT Krakowsky, MD Coles, ND Holland, JB Bubeck, DM Smith, JSC Goodman, MM AF Nelson, P. T. Krakowsky, M. D. Coles, N. D. Holland, J. B. Bubeck, D. M. Smith, J. S. C. Goodman, M. M. TI Genetic Characterization of the North Carolina State University Maize Lines SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; SOUTHERN LEAF-BLIGHT; INBRED LINES; GERMPLASM ENHANCEMENT; TROPICAL MAIZE; REGISTRATION; RESISTANCE; SELECTION; COEFFICIENT; POPULATION AB Since 1980, 150 North Carolina State University (NCSU) maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds have been developed and released on the basis of superior performance for topcross yield and other traits of agronomic importance. During this time, there has been great emphasis placed on breeding with exotic germplasm, with 86 NCSU inbreds having at least 50% exotic parentage and 40 of those having all-tropical parentage. Maize germplasm released by NCSU represents a potentially useful resource for increasing maize diversity and performance in the United States. The objectives of this study were to characterize the genetic relationships among inbreds released from this unique breeding program and to compare them genetically with inbreds from other public and private breeding programs. The NCSU maize inbreds can be classified into five germplasm pools: Lancaster, Temperate-adapted all tropical (TAAT), Lancaster. Tropical, Stiff Stalk, and Southern non-Stiff Stalk; detailed analysis of pedigree records and molecular marker genotypes reveals additional substructure within each of these pools. There is general agreement among the four cluster analyses performed, three using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data and one using pedigree-derived coefficients of coancestry. We introduce a novel application of Procrustes analysis to identify disagreements between pedigree and marker similarities. The NCSU maize breeding germplasm includes diverse genetic backgrounds, as evidenced by the number of unique alleles compared with publically available inbreds from both public and off-protection, private-sector sources. C1 [Nelson, P. T.; Goodman, M. M.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Krakowsky, M. D.; Holland, J. B.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Coles, N. D.] DuPont Pioneer, Woodland, CA USA. [Bubeck, D. M.; Smith, J. S. C.] DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA USA. RP Krakowsky, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Matt.Krakowsky@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 259 EP 275 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.09.0532 PG 17 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100026 ER PT J AU Liu, SY Assanga, SO Dhakal, S Gu, XK Tan, CT Yang, Y Rudd, J Hays, D Ibrahim, A Xue, QW Chao, SM Devkota, R Shachter, C Huggins, T Mohammed, S Fuentealba, MP AF Liu, Shuyu Assanga, Silvano Ocheya Dhakal, Smit Gu, Xiangkun Tan, Chor-Tee Yang, Yan Rudd, Jackie Hays, Dirk Ibrahim, Amir Xue, Qingwu Chao, Shiaoman Devkota, Ravindra Shachter, Cody Huggins, Trevis Mohammed, Suheb Fuentealba, Maria Pilar TI Validation of Chromosomal Locations of 90K Array Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in US Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; STREAK-MOSAIC-VIRUS; WINTER-WHEAT; TAM 112; DIVERSITY; GENOME; CULTIVARS; MARKERS; MAP AB Mapping single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) can help to develop high throughput molecular markers for important traits. The 90K Infinium iSelect SNP array was used to screen three recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations derived from three crosses, CO 960293-2/'TAM 111'(CT), 'TAM 112'/TAM 111 (TT), and 'Halberd'/'Len' (HL). The objective of this study was to compare and validate the chromosomal locations of mapped SNPs in wheat. A set of 152, 124, and 180 RILs were used in CT, TT, and HL. Among the 91,829 SNPs, 54,258 SNPs were called at least in one mapping population. A set of 5950, 4861, and 8376 SNPs were mapped onto chromosomes of CT, TT, and HL, respectively, with a total of 15,604 unique SNPs. Only 374 SNPs (2.4%) were commonly mapped across three populations, and 3025 SNPs (19.4%) were mapped across all combinations of two of the three populations. The number of uniquely mapped SNPs specific to each population was 3291 (21.1%) in CT, 2418 (15.5%) in TT, and 6224 (40.0%) in HL. With known chromosomal locations of the mapped 40K out of 90K array SNPs, linkage groups in all three mapping populations were assigned onto chromosomes. More than 76% of the mapped SNPs have consistent chromosomal locations with the previously mapped 40K SNPs. A set of 2190 (14.0%) unique newly mapped SNPs and 1316 (8.4%) SNPs mapped onto multiple chromosomes were presented. These chromosome maps are essential for the discoveries of genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL) of important traits in wheat. C1 [Liu, Shuyu; Tan, Chor-Tee; Rudd, Jackie; Xue, Qingwu; Devkota, Ravindra; Shachter, Cody; Fuentealba, Maria Pilar] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Assanga, Silvano Ocheya; Dhakal, Smit; Gu, Xiangkun; Yang, Yan; Hays, Dirk; Ibrahim, Amir; Huggins, Trevis; Mohammed, Suheb] Texas A&M Univ, Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Shachter, Cody] Austin Community Coll, Comp Sci, Austin, TX 78752 USA. RP Liu, SY (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. EM SLiu@ag.tamu.edu FU Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship; Texas Wheat Producer Board; Texas A&M AgriLife Research FX The authors thank the technical help from Peihua Yan and Jay Martin at Amarillo and Padmavathi Sengodon at College Station from Texas A&M AgriLife Research. We thank Charlie Johnson, Director of Genomics and Bioinformatics Center, Texas A&M Agrilife Research at College Station provided us access to the GenomeStudio v2011.1 from Illumina Inc. We appreciated the review and discussion with Shichen Wang from Kansas State University. The funding sources are Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship, Texas Wheat Producer Board, and Texas A&M AgriLife Research. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 364 EP 373 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0194 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100035 ER PT J AU Starks, PJ Brown, MA Turner, KE Venuto, BC AF Starks, Patrick J. Brown, Michael A. Turner, Kenneth E. Venuto, Bradley C. TI Canopy Visible and Near-infrared Reflectance Data to Estimate Alfalfa Nutritive Attributes Before Harvest SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; PLANT MORPHOLOGY; DETERGENT FIBER; QUALITY; SPECTROSCOPY; PREDICTION AB Canopy reflectance (i.e., remotely sensed) data may allow rapid assessment of nutritive values, such as total N, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF), as well as nutritive quality indicators such as relative feed value (RFV) and a forage energy/protein ratio of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Remotely sensed data were acquired over seven alfalfa cultivars in the 2005 to 2008 growing seasons (n = 580) to develop and test calibration equations to predict concentrations of total N, NDF, and ADF. About 31% of the canopy reflectance dataset and corresponding measured values of total N, NDF, and ADF were used in calibration equation development while the remaining samples (69%) were used to validate the calibration equations. The remote sensing based values of NDF, ADF, and crude protein (CP = total N x 6.25) were used to calculate RFV and the total digestible nutrients/crude protein (TDN/CP) ratio. Measured total N, NDF, ADF, RFV, and the TDN/CP ratio were used to assess the accuracy of the corresponding predicted values from the remotely sensed canopy reflectance data. The remotely sensed based prediction equations explained from 78 to 83% of the variation in measured total N, NDF, and ADF, correctly predicted about 80% of the RFV-based hay grade classifications, and about 78% of the measured TDN/CP ratios. This technology could help improve profit margins by timing the cutting or harvesting of alfalfa, in rapid assessment of nutritive values over large areas devoted to growing alfalfa, and assessing nutritive quality in real time. C1 [Starks, Patrick J.; Brown, Michael A.; Turner, Kenneth E.; Venuto, Bradley C.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Starks, PJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 West Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM Patrick.starks@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 484 EP 494 DI 10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0162 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DB1KC UT WOS:000368266100047 ER PT J AU Sutfin, NA Wohl, EE Dwire, KA AF Sutfin, Nicholas A. Wohl, Ellen E. Dwire, Kathleen A. TI Banking carbon: a review of organic carbon storage and physical factors influencing retention in floodplains and riparian ecosystems SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Review DE carbon; river; floodplain; riparian ecosystem; organic matter ID LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; OLD-GROWTH FOREST; LAND-USE CHANGE; HEADWATER STREAMS; COASTAL-PLAIN; RIVER CONTINUUM; SOIL CARBON; BEAVER DAMS; HYDROLOGICAL CONNECTIVITY AB Rivers are dynamic components of the terrestrial carbon cycle and provide important functions in ecosystem processes. Although rivers act as conveyers of carbon to the oceans, rivers also retain carbon within riparian ecosystems along floodplains, with potential for long-term (> 10(2)years) storage. Research in ecosystem processing emphasizes the importance of organic carbon (OC) in river systems, and estimates of OC fluxes in terrestrial freshwater systems indicate that a significant portion of terrestrial carbon is stored within river networks. Studies have examined soil OC on floodplains, but research that examines the potential mechanistic controls on OC storage in riparian ecosystems and floodplains is more limited. We emphasize three primary OC reservoirs within fluvial systems: (1) standing riparian biomass; (2) dead biomass as large wood (LW) in the stream and on the floodplain; (3) OC on and beneath the floodplain surface, including litter, humus, and soil organic carbon (SOC). This review focuses on studies that have framed research questions and results in the context of OC retention, accumulation and storage within the three primary pools along riparian ecosystems. In this paper, we (i) discuss the various reservoirs for OC storage in riparian ecosystems, (ii) discuss physical conditions that facilitate carbon retention and storage in riparian ecosystems, (iii) provide a synthesis of published OC storage in riparian ecosystems, (iv) present a conceptual model of the conditions that favor OC storage in riparian ecosystems, (v) briefly discuss human impacts on OC storage in riparian ecosystems, and (vi) highlight current knowledge gaps. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Sutfin, Nicholas A.; Wohl, Ellen E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Sutfin, Nicholas A.] Colorado State Univ, Integrated Water Atmosphere Ecosyst Educ & Res Pr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dwire, Kathleen A.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Sutfin, NA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM nick.sutfin@colostate.edu RI Sutfin, Nicholas A/Q-7824-2016 OI Sutfin, Nicholas A/0000-0003-4429-7814 FU National Science Foundation [DGE-0966346] FX This paper is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. DGE-0966346 'I-WATER: Integrated Water, Atmosphere, Ecosystems Education and Research Program' at Colorado State University. The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for useful comments on the paper. NR 253 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 35 U2 80 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-9337 EI 1096-9837 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 38 EP 60 DI 10.1002/esp.3857 PG 23 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA DA7UY UT WOS:000368011200005 ER PT J AU Acebes-Doria, AL Leskey, TC Bergh, JC AF Acebes-Doria, Angelita L. Leskey, Tracy C. Bergh, J. Christopher TI Development and comparison of trunk traps to monitor movement of Halyomorpha halys nymphs on host trees SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE brown marmorated stink bug; Ailanthus altissima; gravitaxis; phototaxis; walking behavior; Hemiptera; Pentatomidae; Simaroubaceae ID MARMORATED STINK BUG; HEMIPTERA-PENTATOMIDAE; HETEROPTERA-PENTATOMIDAE; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; STAL HETEROPTERA; DISPERSAL; ABUNDANCE; DESIGNS; BEETLE AB Halyomorpha halys Stal (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) has recently become a major orchard pest in the Mid-Atlantic, USA. Large H. halys populations can develop on wild tree hosts adjacent to orchards, posing an ongoing threat to fruit. Adults and nymphs feed on tree fruit, causing economic injury. Understanding the seasonal patterns of nymphal host use among trees at the orchard-woodland interface may aid the development of integrated pest management strategies for this pest. In laboratory and field experiments, modified versions of published trap designs - 'Circle', 'Hanula', 'M&M' (after Moeed & Meads) traps - were compared for their effectiveness for capturing H. halys nymphs walking up and down tree trunks. In the laboratory, second instars were released at the top and bottom of ailanthus (tree of heaven), Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Simaroubaceae), logs and captures were recorded after 24 h. Circle and M&M traps, respectively, were most effective for capturing nymphs walking up and down. In the field, traps were deployed on ailanthus trees next to apple orchards and captures were recorded weekly from 24 July to 11 September 2013. As in the laboratory, Circle and M&M traps captured the greatest number of upward- and downward-walking nymphs. Hanula traps were least effective in both experiments. In the field, 88% of total captures were of nymphs walking up trees. This was at least partially explained by behavioral assays in the laboratory demonstrating that nymphs exhibited negative gravitaxis and positive phototaxis. Stage-specific trends in captures of instars walking up during field sampling were observed. These results suggest that trunk traps can be used to address important ecological questions about seasonal patterns of host use by H. halys nymphs. C1 [Acebes-Doria, Angelita L.; Bergh, J. Christopher] Virginia Tech, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. [Leskey, Tracy C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Acebes-Doria, AL (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, 595 Laurel Grove Rd, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. EM aacebes@vt.edu FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture [2011-51181-30937]; Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Pesticides Division FX We thank D Weber for providing insects for some experiments, J Warren for cutting ailanthus logs, and J Engelman and E Doria for their tremendous assistance. This material is based upon work that is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, under award number #2011-51181-30937, and the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Pesticides Division. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 158 IS 1 BP 44 EP 53 DI 10.1111/eea.12384 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DA9LY UT WOS:000368131500005 ER PT J AU Fetene, A Hilker, T Yeshitela, K Prasse, R Cohen, W Yang, ZQ AF Fetene, Aramde Hilker, Thomas Yeshitela, Kumelachew Prasse, Ruediger Cohen, Warren Yang, Zhiqiang TI Detecting Trends in Landuse and Landcover Change of Nech Sar National Park, Ethiopia SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Degradation; Landsat; Landcover; NDVI; Nech Sar; Terrestrial ID FOREST DISTURBANCE; METROPOLITAN-AREA; POPULATION STATUS; CLASSIFICATION; TERMINOLOGY; ALGORITHMS; PLAINS AB Nech Sar National Park (NSNP) is one of the most important biodiversity centers in Ethiopia. In recent years, a widespread decline of the terrestrial ecosystems has been reported, yet to date there is no comprehensive assessment on degradation across the park. In this study, changes in landcover were analyzed using 30 m spatial resolution Landsat imagery. Interannual variations of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were examined and compared with climatic variables. The result presented seven landcover classes and five of the seven landcover classes (forest, bush/shrubland, wooded grassland, woodland and grassland) were related to natural vegetation and two landcover types (cultivated land and area under encroaching plants) were direct results of anthropogenic alterations of the landscape. The forest, grassland, and wooded grassland are the most threatened habitat types. A considerable area of the grassland has been replaced by encroaching plants, prominently by Dichrostachys cinerea, Acacia mellifera, A. nilotica, A. oerfota, and A. seyal and is greatly affected by expansion of herbaceous plants, most commonly the species of the family Malvaceae which include Abutilon anglosomaliae, A.bidentatum and A.figarianu. Thus, changes in vegetation of NSNP may be attributed to (i) degradation of existing vegetation through deforestation and (ii) replacement of existing vegetation by encroaching plants. While limited in local meteorological station, NDVI analysis indicated that climate related changes did not have major effects on park vegetation degradation, which suggests anthropogenic impacts as a major driver of observed disturbances. C1 [Fetene, Aramde; Yeshitela, Kumelachew] Univ Addis Ababa, Chair Ecosyst Planning & Management, Bldg Construct & City Dev, Ethiopian Inst Architecture, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Fetene, Aramde] Debremarkos Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. [Hilker, Thomas] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Prasse, Ruediger] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Environm Planning, D-30419 Hannover, Germany. [Cohen, Warren; Yang, Zhiqiang] USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forest Serv, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Fetene, A (reprint author), Univ Addis Ababa, Chair Ecosyst Planning & Management, Bldg Construct & City Dev, Ethiopian Inst Architecture, POB 518, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. EM aramde74@gmail.com FU International Foundation for Science (IFS) Stockholm, Sweden [D/5284-1] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the International Foundation for Science (IFS) Stockholm, Sweden, through a grant to Aramde Fetene Mengistu with grant number D/5284-1 for field works at Nech Sar National Park, and for USGS for providing Landsat images free of charge. Addis Ababa University, Oregon State University and Debre Markos University are duly acknowledged for their logistic assistance. Finally, we acknowledge the three anonymous reviewers for their substantial comments to enrich the manuscript. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 57 IS 1 BP 137 EP 147 DI 10.1007/s00267-015-0603-0 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA6MC UT WOS:000367917900010 PM 26298672 ER PT J AU Thompson, MP Gilbertson-Day, JW Scott, JH AF Thompson, Matthew P. Gilbertson-Day, Julie W. Scott, Joe H. TI Integrating Pixel- and Polygon-Based Approaches to Wildfire Risk Assessment: Application to a High-Value Watershed on the Pike and San Isabel National Forests, Colorado, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELING & ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Burn probability; Water quality; Exceedance probability; Expected net value change; Wildfire hazard ID FIRE; EXPOSURE; PROBABILITY; MANAGEMENT; TOOL AB We develop a novel risk assessment approach that integrates complementary, yet distinct, spatial modeling approaches currently used in wildfire risk assessment. Motivation for this work stems largely from limitations of existing stochastic wildfire simulation systems, which can generate pixel-based outputs of fire behavior as well as polygon-based outputs of simulated final fire perimeters, but due to storage and processing limitations do not retain spatially resolved information on intensity within a given fire perimeter. Our approach surmounts this limitation by merging pixel- and polygon-based modeling results to portray a fuller picture of potential wildfire impacts to highly valued resources and assets (HVRAs). The approach is premised on using fire perimeters to calculate fire-level impacts while explicitly capturing spatial variation of wildfire intensity and HVRA susceptibility within the perimeter. Relative to earlier work that generated statistical expectations of risk, this new approach can better account for the range of possible fire-level or season-level outcomes, providing far more comprehensive information on wildfire risk. To illustrate the utility of this new approach, we focus on a municipal watershed on the Pike and San Isabel National Forests in Colorado, USA. We demonstrate a variety of useful modeling outputs, including exceedance probability charts, conditional distributions of watershed area burned and watershed impacts, and transmission of risk to the watershed based on ignition location. These types of results can provide more information than is otherwise available using existing assessment frameworks, with significant implications for decision support in pre-fire planning, fuel treatment design, and wildfire incident response. C1 [Thompson, Matthew P.; Gilbertson-Day, Julie W.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Scott, Joe H.] Pyrologix LLC, Missoula, MT USA. RP Thompson, MP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM mpthompson02@fs.fed.us FU Rocky Mountain Research Station; National Fire Decision Support Center FX The Rocky Mountain Research Station and the National Fire Decision Support Center supported this research. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1420-2026 EI 1573-2967 J9 ENVIRON MODEL ASSESS JI Environ. Model. Assess. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 21 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1007/s10666-015-9469-z PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA5YT UT WOS:000367879300001 ER PT J AU Blaustein, RA Shelton, DR Van Kessel, JAS Karns, JS Stocker, MD Pachepsky, YA AF Blaustein, Ryan A. Shelton, Daniel R. Van Kessel, Jo Ann S. Karns, Jeffrey S. Stocker, Matthew D. Pachepsky, Yakov A. TI Irrigation waters and pipe-based biofilms as sources for antibiotic-resistant bacteria SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Antibiotic resistance; Indicator bacteria; Irrigation water; Biofilm; Pipes ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DRINKING-WATER; WASTE-WATER; NATURAL ENVIRONMENTS; MICROBIAL QUALITY; LAKE GENEVA; SURVIVAL; DISSEMINATION; SWITZERLAND; ENTEROCOCCI AB The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in environmental surface waters has gained recent attention. Wastewater and drinking water distribution systems are known to disseminate antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with the biofilms that form on the inner-surfaces of the pipeline as a hot spot for proliferation and gene exchange. Pipe-based irrigation systems that utilize surface waters may contribute to the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in a similar manner. We conducted irrigation events at a perennial stream on a weekly basis for 1 month, and the concentrations of total heterotrophic bacteria, total coliforms, and fecal coliforms, as well as the concentrations of these bacterial groups that were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline, were monitored at the intake water. Prior to each of the latter three events, residual pipe water was sampled and 6-in. sections of pipeline (coupons) were detached from the system, and biofilm from the inner-wall was removed and analyzed for total protein content and the above bacteria. Isolates of biofilm-associated bacteria were screened for resistance to a panel of seven antibiotics, representing five antibiotic classes. All of the monitored bacteria grew substantially in the residual water between irrigation events, and the biomass of the biofilm steadily increased from week to week. The percentages of biofilm-associated isolates that were resistant to antibiotics on the panel sometimes increased between events. Multiple-drug resistance was observed for all bacterial groups, most often for fecal coliforms, and the distributions of the numbers of antibiotics that the total coliforms and fecal coliforms were resistant to were subject to change from week to week. Results from this study highlight irrigation waters as a potential source for antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which can subsequently become incorporated into and proliferate within irrigation pipe-based biofilms. C1 [Blaustein, Ryan A.; Shelton, Daniel R.; Van Kessel, Jo Ann S.; Karns, Jeffrey S.; Stocker, Matthew D.; Pachepsky, Yakov A.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Blaustein, Ryan A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave Bldg 173, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yakov.pachepsky@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 188 IS 1 AR 56 DI 10.1007/s10661-015-5067-4 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA5ZG UT WOS:000367880700056 PM 26703979 ER PT J AU Westfall, JA Lister, AJ Scott, CT AF Westfall, James A. Lister, Andrew J. Scott, Charles T. TI Precision and cost considerations for two-stage sampling in a panelized forest inventory design SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Stratification; Subsampling; Finite population; Fieldwork efficiency; Inventory logistics AB Due to the relatively high cost of measuring sample plots in forest inventories, considerable attention is given to sampling and plot designs during the forest inventory planning phase. A two-stage design can be efficient from a field work perspective as spatially proximate plots are grouped into work zones. A comparison between subsampling with units of unequal size (SUUS) and a simple random sample (SRS) design in a panelized framework assessed the statistical and economic implications of using the SUUS design for a case study in the Northeastern USA. The sampling errors for estimates of forest land area and biomass were approximately 1.5-2.2 times larger with SUUS prior to completion of the inventory cycle. Considerable sampling error reductions were realized by using the zones within a post-stratified sampling paradigm; however, post-stratification of plots in the SRS design always provided smaller sampling errors in comparison. Cost differences between the two designs indicated the SUUS design could reduce the field work expense by 2-7 %. The results also suggest the SUUS design may provide substantial economic advantage for tropical forest inventories, where remote areas, poor access, and lower wages are typically encountered. C1 [Westfall, James A.; Lister, Andrew J.; Scott, Charles T.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Westfall, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM jameswestfall@fs.fed.us; alister@fs.fed.us; ctscott@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 188 IS 1 AR 11 DI 10.1007/s10661-015-5002-8 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA5ZG UT WOS:000367880700011 PM 26637188 ER PT J AU Brooks, BW Lazorchak, JM Howard, MDA Johnson, MVV Morton, SL Perkins, DAK Reavie, ED Scott, GI Smith, SA Steevens, JA AF Brooks, Bryan W. Lazorchak, James M. Howard, Meredith D. A. Johnson, Mari-Vaughn V. Morton, Steve L. Perkins, Dawn A. K. Reavie, Euan D. Scott, Geoffrey I. Smith, Stephanie A. Steevens, Jeffery A. TI Are Harmful Algal Blooms Becoming the Greatest Inland Water Quality Threat to Public Health and Aquatic Ecosystems? SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Harmful algae; Climate change; Urbanization; Agriculture; Salinization; Lake and reservoir monitoring; Toxin; Ambient toxicity; Essential services of environmental public health ID PRYMNESIUM-PARVUM BLOOMS; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAKE-ERIE; EUTROPHICATION; CYANOBACTERIA; BIODIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENT; QUESTIONS; IMPACTS AB In this Focus article, the authors ask a seemingly simple question: Are harmful algal blooms (HABs) becoming the greatest inland water quality threat to public health and aquatic ecosystems? When HAB events require restrictions on fisheries, recreation, and drinking water uses of inland water bodies significant economic consequences result. Unfortunately, the magnitude, frequency, and duration of HABs in inland waters are poorly understood across spatiotemporal scales and differentially engaged among states, tribes, and territories. Harmful algal bloom impacts are not as predictable as those from conventional chemical contaminants, for which water quality assessment and management programs were primarily developed, because interactions among multiple natural and anthropogenic factors determine the likelihood and severity to which a HAB will occur in a specific water body. These forcing factors can also affect toxin production. Beyond site-specific water quality degradation caused directly by HABs, the presence of HAB toxins can negatively influence routine surface water quality monitoring, assessment, and management practices. Harmful algal blooms present significant challenges for achieving water quality protection and restoration goals when these toxins confound interpretation of monitoring results and environmental quality standards implementation efforts for other chemicals and stressors. Whether HABs presently represent the greatest threat to inland water quality is debatable, though in inland waters of developed countries they typically cause more severe acute impacts to environmental quality than conventional chemical contamination events. The authors identify several timely research needs. Environmental toxicology, environmental chemistry, and risk-assessment expertise must interface with ecologists, engineers, and public health practitioners to engage the complexities of HAB assessment and management, to address the forcing factors for HAB formation, and to reduce the threats posed to inland surface water quality. (C) 2015 SETAC C1 [Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Ctr Reservoir & Aquat Syst Res, Inst Biomed Studies, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Howard, Meredith D. A.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA USA. [Johnson, Mari-Vaughn V.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Temple, TX USA. [Morton, Steve L.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC USA. [Perkins, Dawn A. K.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Reavie, Euan D.] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Ctr Water & Environm, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Scott, Geoffrey I.] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Smith, Stephanie A.] Beagle Bioprod, Columbus, OH USA. [Steevens, Jeffery A.] US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Brooks, BW (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Ctr Reservoir & Aquat Syst Res, Inst Biomed Studies, Waco, TX 76798 USA. EM bryan_brooks@baylor.edu RI Brooks, Bryan/B-2612-2010; Guenat, Heather/H-6528-2014; OI Brooks, Bryan/0000-0002-6277-9852; Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU Fulbright Visiting Research Chair in Water and the Environment at the University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada FX Permission was granted by the US Army Corps of Engineers chief of engineers to publish this material. The information in this document has been subjected to review by the USEPA, the US Department of Agriculture, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and has been approved for publication. The views expressed in this column are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the USEPA, the US Department of Agriculture, or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. During the development of this column, B.W. Brooks was supported as the Fulbright Visiting Research Chair in Water and the Environment at the University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, and as a Visiting Erskine Fellow at the University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 52 U2 152 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 6 EP 13 DI 10.1002/etc.3220 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA DA9KI UT WOS:000368127200001 PM 26771345 ER PT J AU Bohnenblust, EW Vaudo, AD Egan, JF Mortensen, DA Tooker, JF AF Bohnenblust, Eric W. Vaudo, Anthony D. Egan, J. Franklin Mortensen, David A. Tooker, John F. TI EFFECTS OF THE HERBICIDE DICAMBA ON NONTARGET PLANTS AND POLLINATOR VISITATION SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nontarget effect; Floral resource; Drift; alfalfa; Eupatorium perfoliatum ID FLORAL HOST PLANTS; CENTRAL ILLINOIS; SPRAY DRIFT; WEED MANAGEMENT; VAPOR DRIFT; HYMENOPTERA; QUALITY; 2,4-D; BEE; AGROCHEMICALS AB Nearly 80% of all pesticides applied to row crops are herbicides, and these applications pose potentially significant ecotoxicological risks to nontarget plants and associated pollinators. In response to the widespread occurrence of weed species resistant to glyphosate, biotechnology companies have developed crops resistant to the synthetic-auxin herbicides dicamba and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); and once commercialized, adoption of these crops is likely to change herbicide-use patterns. Despite current limited use, dicamba and 2,4-D are often responsible for injury to nontarget plants; but effects of these herbicides on insect communities are poorly understood. To understand the influence of dicamba on pollinators, the authors applied several sublethal, drift-level rates of dicamba to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Eupatorium perfoliatum L. and evaluated plant flowering and floral visitation by pollinators. The authors found that dicamba doses simulating particle drift (approximate to 1% of the field application rate) delayed onset of flowering and reduced the number of flowers of each plant species; however, plants that did flower produced similar-quality pollen in terms of protein concentrations. Further, plants affected by particle drift rates were visited less often by pollinators. Because plants exposed to sublethal levels of dicamba may produce fewer floral resources and be less frequently visited by pollinators, use of dicamba or other synthetic-auxin herbicides with widespread planting of herbicide-resistant crops will need to be carefully stewarded to prevent potential disturbances of plant and beneficial insect communities in agricultural landscapes. (C) 2015 SETAC C1 [Bohnenblust, Eric W.; Vaudo, Anthony D.; Tooker, John F.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Egan, J. Franklin] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA. [Mortensen, David A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Tooker, JF (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM tooker@psu.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Fellowships [FP917431, FP917131012] FX We thank S. Smiles for managing the alfalfa plots and S. Williamson for help with data collection. We also thank C. Grozinger and B. Nino for providing the honey bee hives used in the present study's experiments. Funding for the present study was provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Fellowships, awarded to E.W.Bohnenblust (FP917431), and J.F.Egan (FP917131012). NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 144 EP 151 DI 10.1002/etc.3169 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA DA9KI UT WOS:000368127200018 PM 26184786 ER PT J AU Tepaamorndech, S Kirschke, CP Pedersen, TL Keyes, WR Newman, JW Huang, LP AF Tepaamorndech, Surapun Kirschke, Catherine P. Pedersen, Theresa L. Keyes, William R. Newman, John W. Huang, Liping TI Zinc transporter 7 deficiency affects lipid synthesis in adipocytes by inhibiting insulin-dependent Akt activation and glucose uptake SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE 3T3-L1; adipocytes; lipogenesis; zinc homeostasis; ZnT7 ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; PPAR-GAMMA; SLC30 FAMILY; DIFFERENTIATION; MICE; EXPRESSION; OBESE; ZNT7; METABOLISM AB Mice deficient for zinc transporter 7 protein (ZnT7) are mildly zinc deficient with low body weight gain and body fat accumulation. To investigate the underlying mechanism of ZnT7 deficiency in body adiposity, we examined fatty acid composition and insulin sensitivity in visceral (epididymal) and subcutaneous fat pads from Znt7 knockout and control mice. We showed that ZnT7 deficiency had adverse effects on fatty acid metabolism and insulin action in subcutaneous fat but not in epididymal fat in mice, consistent with the ZnT7 protein expression pattern in adipose tissues. Importantly, we found that the expression of ZnT7 protein was induced by lipogenic differentiation and reached a peak when the adipocyte was fully differentiated in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We demonstrated, using Znt7 knockdown (Znt7KD) 3T3-L1 adipocytes, that reduction in Znt7 expression blunted activations of the signal transduction pathways that regulated both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes, resulting in low glucose uptake and lipid accumulation. The expression of the signaling mediators critical for the initiation of pre-adipocyte differentiation, including Pparc and C/Ebpa, appeared not to be affected by Znt7KD in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These findings strongly suggest a role for ZnT7 in adipocyte lipogenesis. C1 [Tepaamorndech, Surapun; Huang, Liping] Univ Calif Davis, Integrat Genet & Genom Grad Grp, Davis, CA USA. [Kirschke, Catherine P.; Pedersen, Theresa L.; Keyes, William R.; Newman, John W.; Huang, Liping] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Newman, John W.; Huang, Liping] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA USA. RP Huang, LP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Obes & Metab Res Unit, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM john.newman@ars.usda.gov; liping.huang@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, ARS CRIS projects [2032-51000-004-00D, 2032-51530-022-00D] FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, ARS CRIS projects 2032-51000-004-00D and 2032-51530-022-00D. We thank Cynthia Hilton for help with technical editing. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1742-464X EI 1742-4658 J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 283 IS 2 BP 378 EP 394 DI 10.1111/febs.13582 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DB1GB UT WOS:000368255000013 PM 26524605 ER PT J AU Schneebeli, K Mathesius, U Zwart, AB Bragg, JN Vogel, JP Watt, M AF Schneebeli, Katharina Mathesius, Ulrike Zwart, Alexander B. Bragg, Jennifer N. Vogel, John P. Watt, Michelle TI Brachypodium distachyon genotypes vary in resistance to Rhizoctonia solani AG8 SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adventitious roots; crown roots; defense; growth defence trade-off; monocot; nodal roots; plant-pathogen interaction ID NECROTROPHIC PATHOGENS RHIZOCTONIA; ROOT-ROT; CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT; DISEASE RESISTANCE; TEMPERATE CEREALS; WHEAT; MODEL; ARABIDOPSIS; AG-8; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P. Beauv. (Bd) has previously been developed as a pathosystem model for the wheat root rot pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn anastomosis group 8 (AG8). Here we explore variation in resistance to R. solani AG8 in Bd, to determine whether genomic tools could be used to find Bd genes involved in the grass defence response, with the aim of using this information for the improvement of Rhizoctonia root rot resistance in wheat. We looked for variation in resistance to R. solani AG8 in a diverse Bd natural accession collection and in Bd T-DNA insertion lines selected based on putative mechanisms reported for tagged genes. All lines were susceptible to the pathogen. Repeatable and significant variation in resistance was measured in both groups, with greater variation in resistance found across the natural accessions than in the T-DNA lines. The widest and most repeatable variation in resistance was between lines Koz-3 and BdTR 13a. The ratio of R. solani AG8-inoculated to uninoculated root length for line Koz-3 was 33% greater than the same ratio for line BdTR 13a. The increased resistance of Koz-3 was associated with nodal root initiation in response to the pathogen. A negative correlation between seedling vigour and resistance was observed, but found not to be the sole source of variation in resistance to R. solani AG8. The only T-DNA line with significantly greater resistance to R. solani AG8 than the reference line had an insertion in a putative galactosyltransferase gene; however, this result needs further confirmation. Genetic resistance to Rhizoctonia root rot is not available in wheat cultivars and only a few instances of quantitative resistance to the pathogen have been described within close relatives of wheat. Brachypodium distachyon offers potential for further investigation to find genes associated with quantitative resistance and mechanisms of tolerance to R. solani AG8. C1 [Schneebeli, Katharina; Zwart, Alexander B.; Watt, Michelle] CSIRO, Agr Flagship, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Schneebeli, Katharina; Mathesius, Ulrike] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Div Plant Sci, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Bragg, Jennifer N.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Vogel, John P.] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Vogel, John P.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Schneebeli, K (reprint author), NSW Dept Primary Ind, 21 888 Kamilaroi Highway, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia. EM kathy.schneebeli@dpi.nsw.gov.au RI Watt, Michelle/I-6226-2016; Mathesius, Ulrike/C-9767-2009; Schneebeli, Katharina/A-9947-2011; OI Watt, Michelle/0000-0001-7843-0957; Schneebeli, Katharina/0000-0002-2256-0645; Vogel, John/0000-0003-1786-2689 FU Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) [CSP 00129]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-SC0001526, DE-AI02-07ER64452]; USA Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, a DOE Office of Science User Facility [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Vincent Chochois for help with producing seed for these experiments and Jonathan Anderson for providing the isolate of R. solani AG8. This work was funded by a PhD stipend to KS from the Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) through grant CSP 00129, and supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy, interagency agreements DE-SC0001526 and DE-AI02-07ER64452 to JPV and MW. The work conducted by the USA Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, a DOE Office of Science User Facility, is supported under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 9 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2016 VL 43 IS 2 SI SI BP 189 EP 198 DI 10.1071/FP15244 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DA8DX UT WOS:000368036300009 ER PT J AU Bustamante, MMC Roitman, I Aide, TM Alencar, A Anderson, LO Aragao, L Asner, GP Barlow, J Berenguer, E Chambers, J Costa, MH Fanin, T Ferreira, LG Ferreira, J Keller, M Magnusson, WE Morales-Barquero, L Morton, D Ometto, JPHB Palace, M Peres, CA Silverio, D Trumbore, S Vieira, ICG AF Bustamante, Mercedes M. C. Roitman, Iris Aide, T. . Mitchell Alencar, Ane Anderson, Liana O. Aragao, Luiz Asner, Gregory P. Barlow, Jos Berenguer, Erika Chambers, Jeffrey Costa, Marcos H. Fanin, Thierry Ferreira, Laerte G. Ferreira, Joice Keller, Michael Magnusson, William E. Morales-Barquero, Lucia Morton, Douglas Ometto, Jean P. H. B. Palace, Michael Peres, Carlos A. Silverio, Divino Trumbore, Susan Vieira, Ima C. G. TI Toward an integrated monitoring framework to assess the effects of tropical forest degradation and recovery on carbon stocks and biodiversity SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE carbon emissions; ecosystem modeling; field inventories; forest dynamics; remote sensing ID MEDIATED SEED DISPERSAL; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; TREE MORTALITY; CANOPY DAMAGE; FIRE BEHAVIOR; DENSITY MAPS; BIOMASS; EMISSIONS; DEFORESTATION; STORAGE AB Tropical forests harbor a significant portion of global biodiversity and are a critical component of the climate system. Reducing deforestation and forest degradation contributes to global climate-change mitigation efforts, yet emissions and removals from forest dynamics are still poorly quantified. We reviewed the main challenges to estimate changes in carbon stocks and biodiversity due to degradation and recovery of tropical forests, focusing on three main areas: (1) the combination of field surveys and remote sensing; (2) evaluation of biodiversity and carbon values under a unified strategy; and (3) research efforts needed to understand and quantify forest degradation and recovery. The improvement of models and estimates of changes of forest carbon can foster process-oriented monitoring of forest dynamics, including different variables and using spatially explicit algorithms that account for regional and local differences, such as variation in climate, soil, nutrient content, topography, biodiversity, disturbance history, recovery pathways, and socioeconomic factors. Generating the data for these models requires affordable large-scale remote-sensing tools associated with a robust network of field plots that can generate spatially explicit information on a range of variables through time. By combining ecosystem models, multiscale remote sensing, and networks of field plots, we will be able to evaluate forest degradation and recovery and their interactions with biodiversity and carbon cycling. Improving monitoring strategies will allow a better understanding of the role of forest dynamics in climate-change mitigation, adaptation, and carbon cycle feedbacks, thereby reducing uncertainties in models of the key processes in the carbon cycle, including their impacts on biodiversity, which are fundamental to support forest governance policies, such as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation. C1 [Bustamante, Mercedes M. C.; Roitman, Iris; Silverio, Divino] Univ Brasilia, Dept Ecol, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Aide, T. . Mitchell] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Alencar, Ane] Amazon Environm Res Inst IPAM, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Anderson, Liana O.] Natl Ctr Monitoring & Early Warning Nat Disasters, BR-12247016 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. [Anderson, Liana O.] Univ Oxford, Environm Change Inst, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [Anderson, Liana O.; Aragao, Luiz] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12247016 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. [Asner, Gregory P.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Barlow, Jos; Berenguer, Erika] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. [Barlow, Jos; Vieira, Ima C. G.] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, BR-66040170 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Chambers, Jeffrey] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Costa, Marcos H.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Agr Engn, BR-36570900 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Fanin, Thierry] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Ferreira, Laerte G.] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Estudo Socioambientais, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Ferreira, Joice] Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, BR-66017970 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Keller, Michael] US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR USA. [Keller, Michael] EMBRAPA Monitoramento Satelite, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Magnusson, William E.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, BR-69067971 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Morales-Barquero, Lucia] Bangor Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Sch Environm Nat Resources & Geog, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales. [Morton, Douglas] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ometto, Jean P. H. B.] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Earth Syst Sci Ctr CCST, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. [Palace, Michael] UNH, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Norwich, Norfolk, England. [Peres, Carlos A.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Trumbore, Susan] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany. RP Bustamante, MMC (reprint author), Univ Brasilia, Dept Ecol, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM mercedes@unb.br RI Morton, Douglas/D-5044-2012; Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Barlow, Jos/E-7861-2014; Peres, Carlos/B-1276-2013; Chambers, Jeffrey/J-9021-2014; Silverio, Divino Vicente/G-1154-2012; Bustamante, Mercedes/H-7597-2015; OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Peres, Carlos/0000-0002-1588-8765; Chambers, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3983-7847; Silverio, Divino Vicente/0000-0003-1642-9496; Bustamante, Mercedes/0000-0003-1008-452X; Berenguer, Erika/0000-0001-8157-8792; Roitman, Iris/0000-0002-1698-1777 FU Climate Land Use Alliance; Science Without Borders Program (CNPq); Rede Clima of Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation; NERC [NE/K016431/1] FX This document is based on the discussions held during the Workshop on Monitoring Forest Dynamics: carbon stocks, greenhouse gas fluxes, and biodiversity, in Brasilia, Brazil (September 2-4, 2014) financed by Climate Land Use Alliance. Susan Trumbore and Douglas Morton acknowledge the financial support from the Science Without Borders Program (CNPq). Mercedes Bustamante and Iris Roitman acknowledge the financial support of the Rede Clima of Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation. J.B. and E.B. were supported by a grant from the NERC (NE/K016431/1). The authors are grateful to TobyGardner for valuable comments on previous version of this article. NR 131 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 30 U2 108 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 92 EP 109 DI 10.1111/gcb.13087 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA7KL UT WOS:000367982900007 PM 26390852 ER PT J AU Moran, EV Hartig, F Bell, DM AF Moran, Emily V. Hartig, Florian Bell, David M. TI Intraspecific trait variation across scales: implications for understanding global change responses SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE evolution; genetic variation; global change; intraspecific variation; population differentiation; population dynamics; species range; trait ID PLANT PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; INTEGRAL PROJECTION MODELS; ECO-EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS; POPULATION-GROWTH RATE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GENETIC-VARIATION; LOCAL ADAPTATION; INDIVIDUAL VARIATION; DEMOGRAPHIC STOCHASTICITY AB Recognition of the importance of intraspecific variation in ecological processes has been growing, but empirical studies and models of global change have only begun to address this issue in detail. This review discusses sources and patterns of intraspecific trait variation and their consequences for understanding how ecological processes and patterns will respond to global change. We examine how current ecological models and theories incorporate intraspecific variation, review existing data sources that could help parameterize models that account for intraspecific variation in global change predictions, and discuss new data that may be needed. We provide guidelines on when it is most important to consider intraspecific variation, such as when trait variation is heritable or when nonlinear relationships are involved. We also highlight benefits and limitations of different model types and argue that many common modeling approaches such as matrix population models or global dynamic vegetation models can allow a stronger consideration of intraspecific trait variation if the necessary data are available. We recommend that existing data need to be made more accessible, though in some cases, new experiments are needed to disentangle causes of variation. C1 [Moran, Emily V.] UC Merced, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Hartig, Florian] Univ Freiburg, Dept Biometry & Environm Syst Anal, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Bell, David M.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Portland, OR 97204 USA. RP Moran, EV (reprint author), UC Merced, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM emoran5@ucmerced.edu OI Bell, David/0000-0002-2673-5836; Moran, Emily/0000-0003-4624-1910 NR 128 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 35 U2 102 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 137 EP 150 DI 10.1111/gcb.13000 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA7KL UT WOS:000367982900010 PM 26061811 ER PT J AU Tassone, EE Lipka, AE Tomasi, P Lohrey, GT Qian, W Dyer, JM Gore, MA Jenks, MA AF Tassone, Erica E. Lipka, Alexander E. Tomasi, Pernell Lohrey, Greg T. Qian, Wei Dyer, John M. Gore, Michael A. Jenks, Matthew A. TI Chemical variation for leaf cuticular waxes and their levels revealed in a diverse panel of Brassica napus L. SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Brassica napus; Cuticular waxes; Stress tolerance; Heritability ID TRANSPIRATION BARRIER PROPERTIES; EPICUTICULAR WAX; WATER DEFICIENCY; ARABIDOPSIS; CUTICLE; CANOLA; IMPACT; LIPIDS; ENVIRONMENT; TOLERANCE AB Brassica napus L is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world, providing oil and protein used for food, fuel, and industrial purposes. Despite high oil yields and desirable agronomic traits, its geographical range is mainly limited to temperate climates, and oil yields and quality are negatively impacted by drought and heat stress. Leaf cuticular waxes are known to protect plants from many forms of environmental stress, including those caused by drought and heat. To shed light on the wax phenotypic diversity in B. napus, we quantified the levels of 24 leaf cuticular wax chemical constituents, and seven of their sums, in a diverse panel of 517 accessions representing B. napus seed stock center collections worldwide. Most of the 31 traits had moderately high heritability (H-2=0.19-0.81), suggesting that the observed phenotypic variation was influenced primarily by genetic effects. Further, we obtained a strong positive correlation between the two major branches of the metabolic pathway responsible for cuticular waxes. Although this metabolic linkage has been suggested by previous studies, it has not yet been statistically supported. We observed high correlations among individual alkane, secondary alcohol, and ketone constituents, and low correlations among individual primary alcohol and ester constituents. This study is the most extensive analysis of wax chemical diversity within any plant taxon to date, and lays a foundation for future studies of wax metabolism and function, and the application of new breeding strategies to modify leaf waxes and improve stress tolerance in B. napus. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tassone, Erica E.; Tomasi, Pernell; Lohrey, Greg T.; Dyer, John M.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Lipka, Alexander E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Qian, Wei] Southwest Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Chongqing 400716, Peoples R China. [Gore, Michael A.] Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Plant Breeding & Genet Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Jenks, Matthew A.] W Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Jenks, MA (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM majenks@mail.wvu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Biomass Research and Development Initiative [11011027] FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Biomass Research and Development Initiative award (grant no. 11011027) to J.M.D., M.A.G., and M.A.J. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 79 BP 77 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.10.047 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DA5QJ UT WOS:000367857300010 ER PT J AU Liu, YL He, ZQ Shankle, M Tewolde, H AF Liu, Yongliang He, Zhongqi Shankle, Mark Tewolde, Haile TI Compositional features of cotton plant biomass fractions characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Attenuated total reflection; Biomass; Cellulose; Carbohydrate; Principal component analysis ID OIL; MANAGEMENT; PROTEIN; MATTER; CROP AB Cotton is one of the most important and widely grown crops in the world. In addition to natural textile fiber production as a primary purpose, it yields a high grade vegetable oil for human consumption and also carbohydrate fiber and protein byproducts for animal feed. In this work, attenuated total reflection (ATR)-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to characterize the cotton plant biomass fractions. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) of these ATR-FTIR spectra were performed to evaluate the similarity or dissimilarity of these biomass fractions from different parts of cotton plants, and the same plant parts collected between mid-season and pre-defoliation stages. These data revealed the more rapid accumulation of major carbohydrate components in main stems, roots, and branches than in petioles and leaf blades, increased our understanding of the cotton growth mechanism. PCA revealed that the ATR-FTIR spectra of cotton biomass fractions fell into two distinct clusters representing two types of cotton plant parts: Stem cluster (main stems, roots, branches, and petioles) and Leaf cluster (leaf blades, bracts, bur, and/or reproductive parts). Such clustering information could be helpful in selecting the FT-IR measurement parameters for assessing cotton plant growth, nutrition management, and biomass production. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Liu, Yongliang; He, Zhongqi] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Shankle, Mark] Mississippi State Univ, Pontotoc Ridge Flatwoods Branch Expt Stn, Pontotoc, MS 38863 USA. [Tewolde, Haile] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Zhongqi.He@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 79 BP 283 EP 286 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.11.022 PG 4 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA DA5QJ UT WOS:000367857300035 ER PT J AU Bowman, MS AF Bowman, Maria S. TI Impact of foot-and-mouth disease status on deforestation in Brazilian Amazon and cerrado municipalities between 2000 and 2010 SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Deforestation; Brazil; Cattle; Foot-and-mouth disease; Beef exports ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; LAND-USE; SPATIAL-ANALYSIS; POLICY; FOREST; BEEF; AGRICULTURE; EXPANSION; ECONOMICS; MITIGATION AB Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon released approximately 5.7 billion tons of CO2 to the atmosphere between 2000 and 2010, and 50-80% of this deforestation was for pasture. Most assume that increasing demand for cattle products produced in Brazil caused this deforestation, but the empirical work to-date on cattle documents only correlations between cattle herd size, pasture expansion, cattle prices, and deforestation. This paper uses panel data on deforestation and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) status-an exogenous demand shifter-to estimate whether changes in FMD status caused new deforestation in municipalities in the Brazilian Amazon and cerrado biomes during the 2000-2010 period. Results suggest that, on average, becoming certified as FMD-free caused a temporary spike in deforestation in the 2 years after a municipality became FMD-free, but caused subsequent deforestation to decline relative to infected municipalities during the 2000-2010 period. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Bowman, Maria S.] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Resource & Rural Econ Div, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Bowman, MS (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Resource & Rural Econ Div, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Mail Stop 1800, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM maria.s.bowman@gmail.com FU NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM); Energy Biosciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley (EBI Award) [OO1J04] FX Two anonymous reviewers provided detailed and helpful comments on multiple versions of this manuscript. The author would like to thank Britaldo Soares-Filho and the research staff at the Centro de Censoriamento Remoto at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais for their help with acquiring and organizing spatial data, for help with GIS software questions, and for their ongoing support. Eugenio Arima at the University of Texas at Austin kindly provided precipitation data from NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Thanks also to Avery Cohn, Katrina Mullan, Catherine Hausman, David Zilberman, Peter Berck, Maximilian Auffhammer, Frank Merry, Gregory Amacher, Loretta Lynch, and others for their comments on this research at various stages. Finally, the Energy Biosciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley (EBI Award: OO1J04) provided funding for this work. NR 98 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0095-0696 EI 1096-0449 J9 J ENVIRON ECON MANAG JI J.Environ.Econ.Manage. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 75 BP 25 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jeem.2015.08.003 PG 16 WC Business; Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB0TW UT WOS:000368221400003 ER PT J AU Brown, SL Chaney, RL Hettiarachchi, GM AF Brown, Sally L. Chaney, Rufus L. Hettiarachchi, Ganga M. TI Lead in Urban Soils: A Real or Perceived Concern for Urban Agriculture? SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU REMEDIATION; CONTAMINATED SOILS; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; BIOSOLIDS APPLICATIONS; RESIDENTIAL SOILS; GROWN VEGETABLES; UNITED-STATES; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; HEAVY-METALS; BIOAVAILABILITY AB Urban agriculture is growing in cities across the United States. It has the potential to provide multiple benefits, including increased food security. Concerns about soil contamination in urban areas can be an impediment to urban agriculture. Lead is the most common contaminant in urban areas. In this paper, direct (soil ingestion via outdoor and indoor exposure) and indirect (consumption of food grown in Pb-contaminated soils) exposure pathways are reviewed. It is highly unlikely that urban agriculture will increase incidences of elevated blood Pb for children in urban areas. This is due to the high likelihood that agriculture will improve soils in urban areas, resulting in reduced bioavailability of soil Pb and reduced fugitive dust. Plant uptake of Pb is also typically very low. The exceptions are low-growing leafy crops where soil-splash particle contamination is more likely and expanded hypocotyl root vegetables (e.g., carrot). However, even with higher bioaccumulation factors, it is not clear that the Pb in root vegetables or any other crops will be absorbed after eating. Studies have shown limited absorption of Pb when ingested with food. Best management practices to assure minimal potential for exposure are also common practices in urban gardens. These include the use of residuals-based composts and soil amendments and attention to keeping soil out of homes. This review suggests that benefits associated with urban agriculture far outweigh any risks posed by elevated soil Pb. C1 [Brown, Sally L.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Chaney, Rufus L.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hettiarachchi, Ganga M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Brown, SL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM slb@uw.edu NR 100 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 21 U2 68 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 26 EP 36 DI 10.2134/jeq2015.07.0376 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA6XI UT WOS:000367948600005 PM 26828157 ER PT J AU Kondo, MC Sharma, R Plante, AF Yang, YW Burstyn, I AF Kondo, Michelle C. Sharma, Raghav Plante, Alain F. Yang, Yunwen Burstyn, Igor TI Elemental Concentrations in Urban Green Stormwater Infrastructure Soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RURAL GRADIENT; LEAD-EXPOSURE; FOREST SOILS; NEW-ORLEANS; LAND-USE; ENVIRONMENT; HEALTH; IMPACT; USA; GEOCHEMISTRY AB Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) is designed to capture stormwater for infiltration, detention, evapotranspiration, or reuse. Soils play a key role in stormwater interception at these facilities. It is important to assess whether contamination is occurring in GSI soils because urban stormwater drainage areas often accumulate elements of concern. Soil contamination could affect hydrologic and ecosystem functions. Maintenance workers and the public may also be exposed to GSI soils. We investigated soil elemental concentrations, categorized as macro-and micronutrients, heavy metals, and other elements, at 59 GSI sites in the city of Philadelphia. Non-GSI soil samples 3 to 5 m upland of GSI sites were used for comparison. We evaluated differences in elemental composition in GSI and non-GSI soils; the comparisons were corrected for the age of GSI facility, underlying soil type, street drainage, and surrounding land use. Concentrations of Ca and I were greater than background levels at GSI sites. Although GSI facilities appear to accumulate Ca and I, these elements do not pose a significant human health risk. Elements of concern to human health, including Cd, Hg, and Pb, were either no different or were lower in GSI soils compared with non-GSI soils. However, mean values found across GSI sites were up to four times greater than soil cleanup objectives for residential use. C1 [Kondo, Michelle C.] Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. [Sharma, Raghav] Prime Healthcare Serv, Ontario, CA 91761 USA. [Plante, Alain F.] Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19014 USA. [Yang, Yunwen; Burstyn, Igor] Drexel Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Burstyn, Igor] Drexel Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dep Environm & Occupat Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Kondo, MC (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 100 N 20th St,Suite 205, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. EM michelleckondo@fs.fed.us RI Plante, Alain/C-3498-2008; OI Plante, Alain/0000-0003-0124-6187; Kondo, Michelle/0000-0001-9152-1589 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX The authors thank Rebecca Schwartz for contributions to data collection and Ian Yesilonis, Lara Roman, and John Stanovick for feedback on the manuscript. This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-Forest Service, Northern Research Station. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 23 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 107 EP 118 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.10.0421 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA6XI UT WOS:000367948600014 PM 26828166 ER PT J AU Xiao, QF McPherson, EG AF Xiao, Qingfu McPherson, E. Gregory TI Surface Water Storage Capacity of Twenty Tree Species in Davis, California SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RAINFALL INTERCEPTION; INTENSITY; FOREST; STEMFLOW; SIZE; SIMULATION; EMISSIONS; BENEFITS; BALANCE; MODELS AB Urban forestry is an important green infrastructure strategy because healthy trees can intercept rainfall, reducing stormwater runoff and pollutant loading. Surface saturation storage capacity, defined as the thin film of water that must wet tree surfaces before flow begins, is the most important variable influencing rainfall interception processes. Surface storage capacity is known to vary widely among tree species, but it is little studied. This research measured surface storage capacities of 20 urban tree species in a rainfall simulator. The measurement system included a rainfall simulator, digital balance, digital camera, and computer. Eight samples were randomly collected from each tree species. Twelve rainfall intensities (3.5-139.5 mm h(-1)) were simulated. Leaf-on and leaf-off simulations were conducted for deciduous species. Stem and foliar surface areas were estimated using an image analysis method. Results indicated that surface storage capacities varied threefold among tree species, 0.59 mm for crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica L.) and 1.81 mm for blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.). The mean value across all species was 0.86 mm (0.11 mm SD). To illustrate application of the storage values, interception was simulated and compared across species for a 40-yr period with different rainfall intensities and durations. By quantifying the potential for different tree species to intercept rainfall under a variety of meteorological conditions, this study provides new knowledge that is fundamental to validating the cost-effectiveness of urban forestry as a green infrastructure strategy and designing functional plantings. C1 [Xiao, Qingfu] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [McPherson, E. Gregory] USDA Forest Serv, Urban Ecosyst & Social Dynam Program, PSW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Xiao, QF (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM qxiao@ucdavis.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station FX This research was supported in part by funds from a Cooperative Agreement with the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. The authors express their appreciation to Cindy Yu Yeung, Connie Jew, Jennifer Lee, and Sandy Tran of the University of California-Davis for their help running the rainfall simulation experiments and performing the image analysis. Also, thanks to the City of Davis and University of California-Davis Grounds Services for permission to sample trees. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 37 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 188 EP 198 DI 10.2134/jeq2015.02.0092 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA6XI UT WOS:000367948600022 PM 26828174 ER PT J AU Calfapietra, C Morani, A Sgrigna, G Di Giovanni, S Muzzini, V Pallozzi, E Guidolotti, G Nowak, D Fares, S AF Calfapietra, Carlo Morani, Arianna Sgrigna, Gregorio Di Giovanni, Sara Muzzini, Valerio Pallozzi, Emanuele Guidolotti, Gabriele Nowak, David Fares, Silvano TI Removal of Ozone by Urban and Peri-Urban Forests: Evidence from Laboratory, Field, and Modeling Approaches SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; INTERCELLULAR AIR SPACES; MEDITERRANEAN FOREST; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; FAGUS-SYLVATICA; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; PONDEROSA PINE AB A crucial issue in urban environments is the interaction between urban trees and atmospheric pollution, particularly ozone (O-3). Ozone represents one of the most harmful pollutants in urban and peri-urban environments, especially in warm climates. Besides the large interest in reducing anthropogenic and biogenic precursors of O-3 emissions, there is growing scientific activity aimed at understanding O-3 removal by vegetation, particularly trees. The intent of this paper is to provide the state of the art and suggestions to improve future studies of O-3 fluxes and to discuss implications of O-3 flux studies to maximize environmental services through the planning and management of urban forests. To evaluate and quantify the potential of O-3 removal in urban and peri-urban forests, we describe experimental approaches to measure O-3 fluxes, distinguishing laboratory experiments, field measurements, and model estimates, including recent case studies. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the different approaches and conclude that the combination of the three levels of investigation is essential for estimating O-3 removal by urban trees. We also comment on the implications of these findings for planning and management of urban forests, suggesting some key issues that should be considered to maximize O-3 removal by urban and peri-urban forests. C1 [Calfapietra, Carlo; Morani, Arianna; Sgrigna, Gregorio; Di Giovanni, Sara; Muzzini, Valerio; Pallozzi, Emanuele; Guidolotti, Gabriele] Natl Res Council CNR, Inst Agroenvironm & Forest Biol IBAF, I-05010 Porano, TR, Italy. [Nowak, David] SUNY Syracuse, ESF, Moon Lib 5, Northern Res Stn,USDA Forest Serv, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Fares, Silvano] Res Ctr Soil Plant Syst, Council Agr Res & Econ, I-00184 Rome, Italy. [Calfapietra, Carlo] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Global Change Res Ctr, Czechglobe, Brno 60300, Czech Republic. [Sgrigna, Gregorio] DiBT Molise Univ, UniMol, Dep Biosci & Terr, I-86170 Pesche Is, Contrada Fonte, Italy. RP Calfapietra, C (reprint author), Natl Res Council CNR, Inst Agroenvironm & Forest Biol IBAF, Via Marconi 2, I-05010 Porano, TR, Italy. EM carlo.calfapietra@ibaf.cnr.it RI Sgrigna, Gregorio/G-8201-2015; OI Sgrigna, Gregorio/0000-0002-2914-2171; Pallozzi, Emanuele/0000-0001-5604-5337 FU European Project COST Action [FP1204]; European Project GREENINURBS; European Project EXPLO3RVOC (FP7-PEOPLE-CIG) [321711]; MIUR project RITMARE; MIUR project PRIN NEUFOR; Scientific Commission of Castelporziano; Multi-disciplinary Center for the Study of Coastal Mediterranean Ecosystems; MIUR-PRIN TREECITY project FX This work was supported by European Projects COST Action FP1204 GREENINURBS, EXPLO3RVOC (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, proposal n. 321711) and the funded MIUR projects RITMARE and PRIN 2012/2013 NEUFOR. The research in Castelporziano was also supported by the Scientific Commission of Castelporziano and the Multi-disciplinary Center for the Study of Coastal Mediterranean Ecosystems and the MIUR-PRIN 2010/2011 TREECITY project. NR 93 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 32 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 224 EP 233 DI 10.2134/jeq2015.01.0061 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA6XI UT WOS:000367948600026 PM 26828178 ER PT J AU Kennedy, CD Kleinman, PJA DeMoranville, CJ AF Kennedy, Casey D. Kleinman, Peter J. A. DeMoranville, Carolyn J. TI Spatial Scale and Field Management Affect Patterns of Phosphorus Loss in Cranberry Floodwaters SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHEASTERN MASSACHUSETTS; SOIL; NUTRIENT; RUNOFF; RETENTION; NITROGEN; EUTROPHICATION; GROUNDWATER; DESORPTION; REDUCTION AB Although cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) are indigenous to the northeastern United States, phosphorus (P) fertilizer additions and periodic flooding make commercial cranberry a potential source of P to the region's lakes and streams. In this study, we report values of P export in cranberry floodwaters that range from < 0.8 to 4.7 kg P ha(-1), generally reflecting differences in the hydrological, edaphic, and management factors underlying soil P transfer to floodwater. The relatively high P loading rate (4.7 P kg P ha(-1)) was associated with harvest flooding of organic-rich soils. Periods of winter flooding and the discharge of harvest floodwater from mineral soils resulted in relatively low P loss (< 0.8 kg P ha(-1)). Increases in concentrations of total dissolved P (DP) and total particulate P (PP) in floodwater as stage decreased below the surface of the cranberry bed were consistent with the transport of dissolved P in soil porewater and mobilization of particulate P in ditches. Variations in floodwater DP, as well as conservative and reactive tracer concentrations, suggested that the processes by which soil P is released to porewater included desorption of near-surface soil P and anaerobic dissolution of iron-P compounds deeper in the soil profile. At the farm scale, concentrations of DP and PP steadily increased over time, presumably because drainage waters from beds farther upgradient had longer contact times with P-rich sources, such as soil porewater and ditch sediments. Overall, the study illustrates the role that scale-dependent processes impart on patterns of P loss in agricultural production systems. C1 [Kennedy, Casey D.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, East Wareham, MA 02538 USA. [Kleinman, Peter J. A.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [DeMoranville, Carolyn J.] Univ Massachusetts, Cranberry Stn, East Wareham, MA 02538 USA. RP Kennedy, CD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, One State Bog Rd, East Wareham, MA 02538 USA. EM casey.kennedy@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 16 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 285 EP 293 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.11.0485 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA6XI UT WOS:000367948600032 PM 26828184 ER PT J AU Fisher, KA Meisinger, JJ James, BR AF Fisher, Kristin A. Meisinger, John J. James, Bruce R. TI Urea Hydrolysis Rate in Soil Toposequences as Influenced by pH, Carbon, Nitrogen, and Soluble Metals SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; INORGANIC NITROGEN; ORGANIC AMENDMENTS; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; AMMONIA-OXIDIZERS; RIVER ESTUARY; ARABLE SOIL; EXCRETION; WATER AB A simultaneous increase in the use of urea fertilizer and the incidence of harmful algal blooms worldwide has generated interest in potential loss pathways of urea from agricultural areas. The objective of this research was to study the rate of urea hydrolysis in soil profile toposequences sampled from the Coastal Plain (CP) and Piedmont (PM) regions of Maryland to understand native urea hydrolysis rates (UHRs) as well as the controls governing urea hydrolysis both across a landscape and with depth in the soil profile. A pH-adjustment experiment was conducted to explore the relationship between pH and urea hydrolysis because of the importance of pH to both agronomic productivity and microbial communities. Soils were sampled from both A and B horizons along transects containing an agricultural field (AG), a grassed field border (GB), and a perennially vegetated zone adjacent to surface water. On average, the A-horizon UHRs were eight times greater than corresponding B-horizon rates, and within the CP, the riparian zone (RZ) soils hydrolyzed urea faster than the agricultural soils. The pH adjustment of these soils indicated the importance of organic-matter-related factors (C, N, extractable metals) in determining UHR. These results suggest that organic-matter-rich RZ soils may be valuable in mitigating losses of urea from neighboring fields. Additional field-scale urea hydrolysis studies would be valuable to corroborate the mechanisms described herein and to explore the conditions affecting the fate and transport of urea in agroecosystems. C1 [Fisher, Kristin A.; James, Bruce R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Meisinger, John J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fisher, KA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, 1443 Anim Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM kfisher3@umd.edu NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 349 EP 359 DI 10.2134/jeq2015.05.0228 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA6XI UT WOS:000367948600039 PM 26828191 ER PT J AU Phillips, RL Ficken, C Eken, M Hendrickson, J Beeri, O AF Phillips, Rebecca L. Ficken, Cari Eken, Mikki Hendrickson, John Beeri, Ofer TI Wetland Soil Carbon in a Watershed Context for the Prairie Pothole Region SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID GLACIATED INTERIOR PLAINS; DIGITAL ELEVATION DATA; NORTH-DAKOTA; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; RESTORED WETLANDS; SEDIMENT REMOVAL; PLANT COMMUNITY; DISTURBED SOILS; UNITED-STATES; RESTORATION AB Wetland restoration in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) often involves soil removal to enhance water storage volume and/or remove seedbanks of invasive species. Consequences of soil removal could include loss of soil organic carbon (SOC), which is important to ecosystem functions such as water-holding capacity and nutrient retention needed for plant re-establishment. We used watershed position and surface flow pathways to classify wetlands into headwater or network systems to address two questions relevant to carbon (C) cycling and wetland restoration practices: (i) Do SOC stocks and C mineralization rates vary with landscape position in the watershed (headwater vs. network systems) and land use (restored vs. native prairie grasslands)? (ii) How might soil removal affect plant emergence? We addressed these questions using wetlands at three large (? 200 ha) study areas in the central North Dakota PPR. We found the cumulative amount of C mineralization over 90 d was 100% greater for network than headwater systems, but SOC stocks were similar, suggesting greater C inputs beneath wetlands connected by higher-order drainage lines are balanced by greater rates of C turnover. Land use significantly affected SOC, with greater stocks beneath native prairie than restored grasslands for both watershed positions. Removal of mineral soil negatively affected plant emergence. This watershed-based framework can be applied to guide restoration designs by (i) weighting wetlands based on surface flow connectivity and contributing area and (ii) mapping the effects of soil removal on plant and soil properties for network and headwater wetland systems in the PPR. C1 [Phillips, Rebecca L.] Landcare Res, Lincoln, New Zealand. [Phillips, Rebecca L.; Eken, Mikki] Ecol Insights Corp, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Ficken, Cari] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Hendrickson, John] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Phillips, RL (reprint author), Landcare Res, Gerald St, Lincoln, New Zealand. EM PhillipsR@landcareresearch.co.nz RI Phillips, Rebecca/G-6175-2015 OI Phillips, Rebecca/0000-0003-3881-9065 FU USEPA [96814801]; New Zealand's Program for Ecosystems and Global Change FX This work was supported by the USEPA (96814801) and by New Zealand's Program for Ecosystems and Global Change. The authors thank land owner Keith Trego; USEPA managers Cynthia Gonzales, Jim Luey, Jill Minter, and Richard Sumner; anonymous JEQ reviewers and JEQ Associate Editor Curtis Dell; and Moffatt Ngugi, Sarah Waldron, Allen Will, Adam Tollefsrud, Shawn DeKeyser, Mary Kay Tokach, Becky Mann, Rob Monette, and Bruce Smith for technical and administrative support. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 23 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 368 EP 375 DI 10.2134/jeq2015.06.0310 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA6XI UT WOS:000367948600041 PM 26828193 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP More, G van Wilpe, E Calero-Bernal, R Verma, SK Schares, G AF Dubey, Jitender P. More, Gaston van Wilpe, Erna Calero-Bernal, Rafael Verma, Shiv K. Schares, Gereon TI Sarcocystis rommeli, n. sp (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) from Cattle (Bos taurus) and its Differentiation from Sarcocystis hominis SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Definitive host; Intermediate host; Molecular; Ultrastructure ID SINENSIS AB Cattle (Bos taurus) are intermediate hosts for three named species of Sarcocystis, S. cruzi, S. hirsuta, and S. hominis. Recently, a fourth species was identified and named S. sinensis. However, S. sinensis originally named a species of Sarcocystis in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in China. Based on unverifiable evidence, it was suggested that the same parasite infects cattle. In addition, S. sinensis was recently declared as nomen nudum because its naming violated the rules of International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Thus, the fourth species using cattle as an intermediate host does not have a valid name. Here, we propose a new name, Sarcocystis rommeli for the S. sinensis-like parasite from cattle in Argentina, and differentiate it ultrastructurally from S. hominis sarcocysts from experimentally infected cattle. Sarcocystis rommeli sarcocysts were microscopic with a 5-mu m-thick wall with slender villar protrusions (Vp); the Vp were up to 5 mu m long, up to 0.5 mu m wide, and of uneven thickness, often bent at an angle. The ground substance layer (Gs) was up to 0.8 mu m thick and smooth. Vesicular structures were seen at the base of the Vp. The bradyzoites were 10- 12 mu m long. Sarcocystis hominis sarcocysts had Vp that were often upright, up to 7.5 mu m long, and up to 1.8 mu m wide; the Gs was up to 2 mu m thick and without vesicles. Its sarcocyst wall was up to 5.6 mu m thick, the vp were bent at an angle, up to 5.8 mu m long, the Gs was up to 2 mu m thick, but without vesicles seen in S. rommeli. Beef containing sarcocysts of S. rommeli was not orally infectious for two human volunteers and a red fox (Vulpes vulpes). The Sarcocystis described here is molecularly different from S. cruzi, S. hirsuta, and S. hominis based on 18S rRNA and cox1 gene sequences. C1 [Dubey, Jitender P.; Calero-Bernal, Rafael; Verma, Shiv K.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [More, Gaston] Univ Nacl La Plata, Fac Ciencias Vet, Lab Inmunoparasitol, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [More, Gaston] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [van Wilpe, Erna] Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Anat & Physiol, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa. [Schares, Gereon] Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Inst Epidemiol, D-17493 Greifswald, Germany. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, BARC, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov OI More, Gaston/0000-0002-0475-717X; Schares, Gereon/0000-0002-3217-289X FU Department of Employment and Innovation of the Regional Government of Extremadura (Spain) [PO12010]; European Social Fund FX R. Calero-Bernal is a postdoctoral fellow (ref. PO12010) funded by the Department of Employment and Innovation of the Regional Government of Extremadura (Spain) and the European Social Fund. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1066-5234 EI 1550-7408 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 63 IS 1 BP 62 EP 68 DI 10.1111/jeu.12248 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DA9LZ UT WOS:000368131600006 PM 26111603 ER PT J AU Reddy, SP Wang, H Adams, JK Feng, PCH AF Reddy, Shanker P. Wang, Hua Adams, Jennifer K. Feng, Peter C. H. TI Prevalence and Characteristics of Salmonella Serotypes Isolated from Fresh Produce Marketed in the United States SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI STRAINS; MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY; GROUND-BEEF; MICROBIAL-CONTAMINATION; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; RESISTANT SALMONELLA; FOOD COMMODITIES; RETAIL MARKETS; TOMATO PLANTS; RISK-FACTORS AB Salmonella continues to rank as one of the most costly foodborne pathogens, and more illnesses are now associated with the consumption of fresh produce. The U.S. Department of Agriculture Microbiological Data Program (MDP) sampled select commodities of fresh fruit and vegetables and tested them for Salmonella, pathogenic Escherichia coli, and Listeria. The Salmonella strains isolated were further characterized by serotype, antimicrobial resistance, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile. This article summarizes the Salmonella data collected by the MDP between 2002 and 2012. The results show that the rates of Salmonella prevalence ranged from absent to 0.34% in cilantro. A total of 152 isolates consisting of over 50 different serotypes were isolated from the various produce types, and the top five were Salmonella enterica serotype Cubana, S. enterica subspecies arizonae (subsp. IIIa) and diarizonae (subsp. IIIb), and S. enterica serotypes Newport, Javiana, and Infantis. Among these, Salmonella serotypes Newport and Javiana are also listed among the top five Salmonella serotypes that caused most foodborne outbreaks. Other serotypes that are frequent causes of infection, such as S. enterica serotypes Typhimurium and Enteritidis, were also found in fresh produce but were not prevalent. About 25% of the MDP samples were imported produce, including 65% of green onions, 44% of tomatoes, 42% of hot peppers, and 41% of cantaloupes. However, imported produce did not show higher numbers of Salmonella-positive samples, and in some products, like cilantro, all of the Salmonella isolates were from domestic samples. About 6.5% of the Salmonella isolates were resistant to the antimicrobial compounds tested, but no single commodity or serotype was found to be the most common carrier of resistant strains or of resistance. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of the produce isolates showed similarities with Salmonella isolates from meat samples and from outbreaks, but there were also profile diversities among the strains within some serotypes, like Salmonella Newport. C1 [Reddy, Shanker P.] USDA, Agr Mkt Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Wang, Hua; Feng, Peter C. H.] US FDA, Div Microbiol, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Adams, Jennifer K.] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Feng, PCH (reprint author), US FDA, Div Microbiol, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM peter.feng@fda.hhs.gov NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 19 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 79 IS 1 BP 6 EP 16 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-274 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA DA7DQ UT WOS:000367965200002 PM 26735024 ER PT J AU Ding, T Yu, YY Hwang, CA Dong, QL Chen, SG Ye, XQ Liu, DH AF Ding, Tian Yu, Yan-Yan Hwang, Cheng-An Dong, Qing-Li Chen, Shi-Guo Ye, Xing-Qian Liu, Dong-Hong TI Modeling the Effect of Water Activity, pH, and Temperature on the Probability of Enterotoxin A Production by Staphylococcus aureus SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID LACTIC-ACID; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; GROWTH; MILK; OUTBREAK AB The objectives of this study were to develop a probability model of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A (SEA) production as affected by water activity (a(w)), pH, and temperature in broth and assess its applicability for milk. The probability of SEA production was assessed in tryptic soy broth using 24 combinations of a(w) (0.86 to 0.99), pH (5.0 to 7.0), and storage temperature (10 to 30 degrees C). The observed probabilities were fitted with a logistic regression to develop a probability model. The model had a concordant value of 97.5% and concordant index of 0.98, indicating that the model satisfactorily describes the probability of SEA production. The model showed that a(w), pH, and temperature were significant factors affecting the probability of toxin production. The model predictions were in good agreement with the observed values obtained from milk. The model may help manufacturers in selecting product pH and a(w) and storage temperatures to prevent SEA production. C1 [Ding, Tian; Yu, Yan-Yan; Chen, Shi-Guo; Ye, Xing-Qian; Liu, Dong-Hong] Zhejiang Univ, Zhejiang Key Lab Agrofood Proc, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Ye, Xing-Qian; Liu, Dong-Hong] Zhejiang Univ, Fuli Inst Food Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Ding, Tian; Liu, Dong-Hong] Northeast Agr Univ, Synerget Innovat Ctr Food Safety & Nutr, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. [Hwang, Cheng-An] ARS, USDA, Residue Chem & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Dong, Qing-Li] Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol, Inst Food Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200093, Peoples R China. RP Ding, T (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Zhejiang Key Lab Agrofood Proc, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM tding@zju.edu.cn; dhliu@zju.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Funds of China [31401608, 31271896]; Chinese National Key Technology R D Program [2012BAD29B07] FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Funds of China (grant no. 31401608 and 31271896) and Chinese National Key Technology R & D Program (grant no. 2012BAD29B07). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 12 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 79 IS 1 BP 148 EP 152 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-161 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA DA7DQ UT WOS:000367965200020 PM 26735042 ER PT J AU Medina, E Perez-Diaz, IM Breidt, F Hayes, J Franco, W Butz, N Azcarate-Peril, MA AF Medina, Eduardo Perez-Diaz, Ilenys M. Breidt, Fred Hayes, Janet Franco, Wendy Butz, Natasha Andrea Azcarate-Peril, Maria TI Bacterial Ecology of Fermented Cucumber Rising pH Spoilage as Determined by Nonculture-Based Methods SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE acetic acid bacteria; cucumbers; fermented vegetables ID LACTIC-ACID; SP-NOV.; IDENTIFICATION; FERMENTATIONS; PECTINATUS; SAMPLES; SEARCH; GENUS AB Fermented cucumber spoilage (FCS) characterized by rising pH and the appearance of manure-and cheeselike aromas is a challenge of significant economical impact for the pickling industry. Previous culture-based studies identified the yeasts Pichia manshurica and Issatchenkia occidentalis, 4 Gram-positive bacteria, Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus parrafaraginis, Clostridium sp., and Propionibacterium and 1 Gram-negative genus, Pectinatus, as relevant in various stages of FCS given their ability to metabolize lactic acid. It was the objective of this study to augment the current knowledge of FCS using culture-independent methods to microbiologically characterize commercial spoilage samples. Ion Torrent data and 16S rRNA cloning library analyses of samples collected from commercial fermentation tanks confirmed the presence of L. rapi and L. buchneri and revealed the presence of additional species involved in the development of FCS such as Lactobacillus namurensis, Lactobacillus acetotolerans, Lactobacillus panis, Acetobacter peroxydans, Acetobacter aceti, and Acetobacter pasteurianus at pH below 3.4. The culture-independent analyses also revealed the presence of species of Veillonella and Dialister in spoilage samples with pH above 4.0 and confirmed the presence of Pectinatus spp. during lactic acid degradation at the higher pH. Acetobacter spp. were successfully isolated from commercial samples collected from tanks subjected to air purging by plating on Mannitol Yeast Peptone agar. In contrast, Lactobacillus spp. were primarily identified in samples of FCS collected from tanks not subjected to air purging for more than 4 mo. Thus, it is speculated that oxygen availability may be a determining factor in the initiation of spoilage and the leading microbiota. C1 [Medina, Eduardo; Franco, Wendy] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Perez-Diaz, Ilenys M.; Breidt, Fred; Hayes, Janet] USDA ARS, SAA, Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Butz, Natasha; Andrea Azcarate-Peril, Maria] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Microbiome Core Facil, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Perez-Diaz, IM (reprint author), USDA ARS, SAA, Food Sci Res Unit, 322 Schaub Hall NCSU, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Ilenys.Perez-Diaz@ars.usda.gov RI Franco, Wendy/D-3528-2014; Eduardo, Medina/D-3296-2014 OI Eduardo, Medina/0000-0002-9978-4524 FU Spanish Government (MECD) FX A Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Spanish Government (MECD) fully funded Dr. E. Medina. We thank Mr. Seth Fornea with the USDA-ARS Food Science Research Unit, for technical help with HPLC analysis. We also thank Dr. Joscelin Diaz with the Dept. of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences for assistance with statistical analysis. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 81 IS 1 BP M121 EP M129 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.13158 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA DA9MO UT WOS:000368133500021 PM 26605993 ER PT J AU Boggs, J Sun, G McNulty, S AF Boggs, Johnny Sun, Ge McNulty, Steven TI Effects of Timber Harvest on Water Quantity and Quality in Small Watersheds in the Piedmont of North Carolina SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE riparian buffer; best management practices; hydrology; water quality; North Carolina Piedmont ID MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; UNITED-STATES; FOREST; USA; RESPONSES; VIRGINIA; OREGON; ZONES AB This paired watershed study tested the effects of timber harvest on water quantity and quality in the North Carolina Piedmont physiographic region. Four headwater watersheds at Hill Demonstration Forest (HF1, HF2, HFW1, and HFW2) and two at Umstead Research Farm (UF1 and UF2) were continuously monitored for discharge and water quality from 2007 to 2013. The HF1 and UF1 watersheds were clearcut (treatment), leaving a 15.2-m vegetated riparian buffer around the streams to protect water quality as described in the North Carolina Neuse River Basin Riparian Buffer Rule. HF2 and UF2 were uncut and used as reference watersheds. Merchantable timber was selectively removed from the riparian buffer, reducing tree basal area by 27% in HF1 and 48% in UF1. HF1 and HF2 were nested within HFW1; thus, HFW1 was considered a partial cut where 33% of the watershed area was harvested, and HFW2 was the reference. We found that discharge in treatment watersheds increased dramatically, averaging 240% in HF1 and 200% in UF1 and 40% in HEW1 during the postharvest period, 2011-2013. Total suspended sediment export in the treatment watersheds also increased significantly in HF1 after harvest, probably due to the increase of discharge and movement of in-channel legacy sediment. Stormflow peak nitrate reached its maximum concentration during the first 2 years after harvest in the treatment watersheds and then declined, corresponding to the rapid regrowth of woody and herbaceous plants in the riparian buffer and uplands. We found that 36% of the UF1 streambank trees were blown down but did not cause a measurable increase in mean daily stormflow total suspended sediment concentration. Most buffer tree blowdown occurred during the first few years after a harvest. Bioclassification of benthic macroinvertebrates indicated that stream water quality remained good/fair to excellent in the treatment watersheds after the harvest. We conclude that the temporary increases in discharge were relatively large for the Piedmont region compared with those for other regions in the southeastern United States. However, the increases in channel sediment transport and nutrient exports associated with the hydrologic change did not have a measurable impact on the indicators of aquatic invertebrate community health or bioclassification rankings. C1 [Boggs, Johnny] USDA Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Sun, Ge; McNulty, Steven] USDA Forest Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Boggs, J (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM jboggs@fs.fed.us; gesun@fs.fed.us; smcnulty@fs.fed.us FU US Environmental Protection Agency; North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Water Resources; USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center FX This research was funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency Non-Point Source (NPS) Pollution Control Grant through Section 319(h) of the Clean Water Act, the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Water Resources, and the USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center. We thank the many students and support staff who have been involved with this project over the years for their diligent work in the field and laboratory. We also especially thank William "Bill" Swartley, David Jones, Tom Gerow, and Susan Gale from the North Carolina Forest Service Forestry Nonpoint Source Branch for their project support, guidance, and manuscript review and Will Summer for his field and project development work for this study. Appreciation is expressed to Joe Cox from North Carolina State University and David Schnake from the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services for their partnership and cooperation in providing access to their respective forestlands to conduct this long-term study. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 17 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 114 IS 1 BP 27 EP 40 DI 10.5849/jof.14-102 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DB1XZ UT WOS:000368303600005 ER PT J AU Witt, EL Barton, CD Stringer, JW Kolka, RK Cherry, MA AF Witt, Emma L. Barton, Christopher D. Stringer, Jeffrey W. Kolka, Randall K. Cherry, Mac A. TI Influence of Variable Streamside Management Zone Configurations on Water Qualily after Forest Harvest SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE headwater streams; total suspended solids; best management practices; forest harvest ID TEMPERATURE RESPONSE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; HEADWATER STREAMS; RIPARIAN BUFFERS; WESTERN CASCADES; SITE-PREPARATION; OREGON; IMPACTS; DENITRIFICATION; VIRGINIA AB Streamside management zones (SMZs) are a common best management practice (BMP) used to reduce water quality impacts from logging. The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of varying SMZ configurations on water quality. Treatments (11, 12, and 13) that varied in SMZ width, canopy retention within the SMZ, and BMP utilization were applied at the watershed scale to two watersheds each. Watersheds with wider SMZs (13: 110 ft, 100% canopy retention) and improved crossings were not significantly different from unharvested control (C) watersheds for all parameters except nitrate and diurnal stream temperatures. Changes in total suspended solids, turbidity, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, and maximum stream temperature were detected for watersheds treated with the current recommended minimum SMZ configurations (11: 55 ft, 50% canopy retention) and watersheds with unharvested SMZs (12: 55 ft, 100% canopy retention) and improved crossings. C1 [Witt, Emma L.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Barton, Christopher D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Stringer, Jeffrey W.; Cherry, Mac A.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Kolka, Randall K.] USDA Forest Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Witt, EL (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM witt0287@umn.edu; barton@uky.edu; stringer@uky.edu; rkolka@fs.fed.us; macherry@usgs.gov FU Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station FX We express gratitude to those at Robinson Forest who contributed to the project including Matt Strong, Aaron Klee, Daniel Bowker, David Collett, Ted Sizemore, Chris Reeves, Will Marshall, and Jim Marshall. This work was supported in part by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 21 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 114 IS 1 BP 41 EP 51 DI 10.5849/jof.14-099 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DB1XZ UT WOS:000368303600006 ER PT J AU Andrejczyk, K Butler, BJ Tyrrell, ML Langer, J AF Andrejczyk, Kyle Butler, Brett J. Tyrrell, Mary L. Langer, Judith TI Hansel and Gretel Walk in the Forest, Landowners Walk in the Woods: A Qualitative Examination of the Language Used by Family Forest Owners SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE family forest owners; focus group interviews; interpretative phenomenological analysis; nonindustrial private forest owners; social marketing ID MANAGEMENT; MOTIVATIONS; ATTITUDES; POLICY; USA AB In 2007, a series of focus groups with family forest owners was conducted as part of a social marketing initiative with the aim of increasing conservation activities on private forestlands. Participants in the study were asked how they perceive and experience their land and how they understand certain terminology used by forestry professionals. Results show that family forest owners possess a stewardship ethic and perceive their land as a means of self-actualization. The results also provide information for forestry groups seeking to craft effective, resonant messaging in their landowner outreach efforts. By adapting to the language and meanings used by family forest owners, forestry professionals can more effectively convince family forest owners of the need to adopt scientifically sound land management practices. C1 [Andrejczyk, Kyle] Family Forest Res Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Butler, Brett J.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA USA. [Tyrrell, Mary L.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Langer, Judith] Langer Qualitat, Berlin, Germany. RP Andrejczyk, K (reprint author), Family Forest Res Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM kyle.andrejczyk@umb.edu; bbutler01@fs.fed.us; mary.tyrrell@yale.edu; judy@Langerqual.com FU USDA Forest Service; American Forest Foundation (AFF); Sustaining Family Forests Initiative FX We express our sincere gratitude to all the family forest owners who participated in this study; their insights were invaluable. Funding for the analysis presented here was provided by the USDA Forest Service, the American Forest Foundation (AFF), and other financial supporters of the Sustaining Family Forests Initiative. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 114 IS 1 BP 52 EP 57 DI 10.5849/jof.14-151 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DB1XZ UT WOS:000368303600007 ER PT J AU Singh, N Ramirez-Carvajal, L de los Santos, T Golding, MC Long, CR AF Singh, Neetu Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth de los Santos, Teresa Golding, Michael C. Long, Charles R. TI Inhibition of EHMT2 Induces a Robust Antiviral Response Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Infections in Bovine Cells SO JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID G9A HISTONE METHYLTRANSFERASE; ALPHA-INTERFERON; PROTEIN-KINASE; METHYLATION; EXPRESSION; H3; REPLICATION; CONTRIBUTES; REPRESSION; PROMOTER AB The genetic regulatory network controlling the innate immune system is well understood in many species. However, the role of the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the expression of immunoregulatory genes is less clear, especially in livestock species. Histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) is an epigenetic modification associated with transcriptional silencing within the euchromatin regions. Euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2; also known as G9a) is a crucial enzyme responsible for regulating the dynamics of this epigenetic modification. It has been shown that histone modifications play a role in regulating type I interferon (IFN) response. In the present study, we investigated the role of EHMT2 in the epigenetic regulation of bovine antiviral innate immunity and explored its therapeutic potential against viral infections. We evaluated the effects of pharmacological and RNAi-mediated inhibition of EHMT2 on the transcription of IFN- and other IFN-inducible antiviral genes, as well as its effect on foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) replication in bovine cells. We show that treatment of primary bovine cells with the synthetic EHMT2 inhibitor (UNC0638) either before or shortly after virus infection resulted in a significant increase in transcript levels of bovine IFN- (boIFN-; 300-fold) and other IFN-inducible genes, including IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG-15), myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx-1), Mx-2, RIG-I, 2,5-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS-1), and protein kinase R (PKR). Expression of these factors correlated with a significant decrease in VSV and FMDV viral titers. Our data confirm the involvement of EHMT2 in the epigenetic regulation of boIFN- and demonstrate the activation of a general antiviral state after EHMT2 inhibition. C1 [Singh, Neetu; Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth; Golding, Michael C.; Long, Charles R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Physiol & Pharmacol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth] Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [de los Santos, Teresa] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY USA. RP Singh, N (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Physiol & Pharmacol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, 332 VMA, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM nsingh@cvm.tamu.edu; clong@cvm.tamu.edu OI GOLDING, MICHAEL/0000-0003-1631-2175 FU Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Postdoc Trainee Research Grant, Texas Agrilife Exceptional Research Pilot Programs; [NIH-OD 8R240D011188-02] FX This research was supported by the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Postdoc Trainee Research Grant, Texas Agrilife Exceptional Research Pilot Programs. N.S. was partially funded through NIH-OD 8R240D011188-02. We thank Luis L. Rodriguez for his supervision and assistance in conducting experiments at Plum Island Animal Disease Center. We would also like to thank Kylee Veazey, Mike Peoples, and Daria Muller for technical assistance. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1079-9907 EI 1557-7465 J9 J INTERF CYTOK RES JI J. Interferon Cytokine Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 36 IS 1 BP 37 EP 47 DI 10.1089/jir.2015.0006 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA DA7WD UT WOS:000368014900005 PM 26418342 ER PT J AU Huang, Q Evans, JD AF Huang, Qiang Evans, Jay D. TI Identification of microRNA-like small RNAs from fungal parasite Nosema ceranae SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MicroRNA; Microsporidian; Honey bee; Parasite ID RESPONSES AB We previously found transcripts encoding Dicer and Argonaute which are involved in the production of microRNAs, in the honey bee parasite Nosema ceranae. In order to identify microRNAs in N. ceranae, we sequenced small RNAs from midgut tissues of infected honey bees at 24 h intervals for 6 days post infection, covering the complete reproduction cycle for this intracellular parasite. We predicted six microRNA-like small RNAs, all of which were confirmed via RT-qPCR assays. This is the first evidence for microRNA-like small RNAs generated by a microsporidian species, providing new insights into host-parasite interactions involving this widespread taxonomic group. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Huang, Qiang; Evans, Jay D.] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Huang, Q (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, BARC East Bldg 306, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM qiang-huang@live.com; Jay.Evans@ARS.USDA.GOV OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 133 BP 107 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2015.12.005 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DB2CZ UT WOS:000368317200015 PM 26678507 ER PT J AU Dugan, FM Lupien, SL Osuagwu, AN Uyoh, EA Okpako, E Kisha, T AF Dugan, Frank M. Lupien, Shari L. Osuagwu, Ann N. Uyoh, Edak A. Okpako, Elza Kisha, Ted TI New Records of Lasiodiplodia theobromae in Seeds of Tetrapleura tetraptera from Nigeria and Fruit of Cocos nucifera From Mexico SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aridan fruit; coconut fruit; Cocos nucifera; Lasiodiplodia theobromae; Tetrapleura tetraptera ID SPECIATION AB The cosmopolitan warm-climate plant pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae was isolated from two sources: Seeds of Tetrapleura tetraptera from Nigeria and fruits of Cocos nucifera from Mexico; the former instance is novel for host, the latter a novel geographic record for infection of coconut fruits. Per cent germination of T. tetraptera seeds was negatively and significantly correlated with per cent infection by the fungus. Repeated tests with isolates from both coconut and Tetrapleura confirmed pathogenicity of all tested isolates to coconut fruit. C1 [Dugan, Frank M.; Lupien, Shari L.; Kisha, Ted] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Osuagwu, Ann N.; Uyoh, Edak A.; Okpako, Elza] Univ Calabar, Dept Genet & Biotechnol, Calabar, Nigeria. RP Dugan, FM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM fdugan@wsu.edu NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-1785 EI 1439-0434 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 164 IS 1 BP 65 EP 68 DI 10.1111/jph.12384 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DA5IG UT WOS:000367836100009 ER PT J AU Malik, VS AF Malik, Vedpal Singh TI RNA sequencing as a tool for understanding biological complexity of abiotic stress in plants SO JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID SEQ ANALYSIS C1 [Malik, Vedpal Singh] USDA, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Malik, VS (reprint author), USDA, 4700 River Rd, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. EM vedpalm@gmail.com NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0971-7811 EI 0974-1275 J9 J PLANT BIOCHEM BIOT JI J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1007/s13562-015-0326-6 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA DA8FM UT WOS:000368040500001 ER PT J AU Goldberg, S AF Goldberg, Sabine TI A comment on "Selenite adsorption and desorption in main Chinese soils with their characteristics and physicochemical properties." J Soils Sediments 15(5):1150-1158 (2015), doi:10.1007/s11368-015-1085-7 SO JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS LA English DT Letter ID ALLUVIAL SOILS C1 [Goldberg, Sabine] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM sgoldberg@ussl.ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1439-0108 EI 1614-7480 J9 J SOIL SEDIMENT JI J. Soils Sediments PD JAN PY 2016 VL 16 IS 1 BP 324 EP 324 DI 10.1007/s11368-015-1280-6 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA DA6DU UT WOS:000367893100030 ER PT J AU Tworkoski, T Fazio, G AF Tworkoski, T. Fazio, G. TI Hormone and growth interactions of scions and size-controlling rootstocks of young apple trees SO PLANT GROWTH REGULATION LA English DT Article DE Dwarf fruit trees; Abscisic acid; Auxin; Cytokinin; Gibberellin; Root-shoot communication; Graft union ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ABSCISIC-ACID; ROOTSTOCK/INTERSTOCK COMBINATIONS; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; GIBBERELLIN; AUXIN; SHOOTS; XYLEM; ROOT; SAP AB Size-controlling rootstocks are critical to grow small, efficient trees that enable early and high yield in plantings of apple. Improved knowledge of rootstock-related size-control processes is important for breeding and cultural practices. The research objective was to determine hormone profiles within trees grafted on Malling rootstocks. Buds from 'Gala', 'Fuji', M.7, M.9, M.27, and MM.111 were grafted to rootstocks M.7, M.9, M.27, and MM.111 and then grown in a greenhouse and the field. After 2 years, heights of trees grafted to growth-controlling rootstocks decreased in the order M.9 > M.7 > MM.111 in the greenhouse, the reverse trend that was measured in the field. Although soil resources were not measured, ample availability of resources such as water and mineral nutrients in the greenhouse may have been responsible for the reversal of rootstock effects on tree height in greenhouse and field. Elevated abscisic acid (ABA) and ABA metabolites were associated with 'Gala', MM.111 and M.9 scion that were grafted on M.9 rootstocks. Abscisic acid and abscisic acid glucose ester were generally greater in root, rootstock stem below the graft union, scion above the graft, and xylem exudate of rootstock M.9 than MM.111. Reduced gibberellin (GA(19)) was found in roots and xylem exudate of 'Gala' grafted to M.9 than MM.111 rootstocks. These results support the hypothesis that hormone signals from rootstocks control tree growth but it is likely that stage of development, time after planting, and environmental resources will also interact to influence growth effects of size-controlling rootstocks. It is proposed that gene expression associated with hormone metabolism can be developed to further understand the underpinnings of size-controlling rootstocks and assist the selection of rootstocks for size control and, possibly, for other hormone-related characteristics. C1 [Tworkoski, T.] USDA, ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Fazio, G.] Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Tworkoski, T (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM tom.tworkoski@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 17 U2 56 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6903 EI 1573-5087 J9 PLANT GROWTH REGUL JI Plant Growth Regul. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 78 IS 1 BP 105 EP 119 DI 10.1007/s10725-015-0078-2 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DA9ZL UT WOS:000368168200010 ER PT J AU Gehesquiere, B Crouch, JA Marra, RE Van Poucke, K Rys, F Maes, M Gobin, B Hofte, M Heungens, K AF Gehesquiere, B. Crouch, J. A. Marra, R. E. Van Poucke, K. Rys, F. Maes, M. Gobin, B. Hofte, M. Heungens, K. TI Characterization and taxonomic reassessment of the box blight pathogen Calonectria pseudonaviculata, introducing Calonectria henricotiae sp nov. SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cylindrocladium buxiola; diagnostics; fungicides; thermotolerance ID PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES RECOGNITION; CYLINDROCLADIUM-BUXICOLA; GENEALOGICAL APPROACH; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; PRIMER SETS; BUXUS SPP.; 1ST REPORT; DISEASE; SUBSTITUTIONS AB Calonectria pseudonaviculata, the causal agent of the disease of Buxus spp. known as 'box blight', was first detected in the mid-1990s in the UK and New Zealand. Since then, the geographic range of box blight has rapidly expanded to at least 21 countries throughout temperate regions of the world, causing significant losses in nurseries, gardens and wild boxwood populations. This study determined the genetic diversity in a collection of 234 Calonectria isolates from diseased Buxus plants, originating from 15 countries and four continents. Two genetic clades, G1 and G2, were identified within this sample using multilocus phylogenetic analysis. The application of genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition criteria using four independent nuclear loci determined that the Calonectria isolates in these two clades are separate phylogenetic species. The isolates in the G1 clade were upheld as C. pseudonaviculata sensu stricto. Based on phylogenetic distinctiveness and the lack of mating, a new species is proposed, Calonectria henricotiae sp. nov., for the Calonectria isolates in the G2 clade. A PCR-RFLP assay and real-time PCR assays were developed to easily and reproducibly differentiate these species. To assess the practical implications of the identification of the two species, their physiology, fungicide susceptibility and pathogenicity were compared. No differences in pathogenicity were observed. However, C. henricotiae isolates exhibited greater thermotolerance and reduced sensitivity to specific triazole as well as strobilurin fungicides. The identification of a second phylogenetic species causing box blight may have a substantial impact on the epidemiology and control of this destructive disease. C1 [Gehesquiere, B.; Van Poucke, K.; Maes, M.; Heungens, K.] Inst Agr & Fisheries Res ILVO, Plant Sci Unit, Crop Protect, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. [Gehesquiere, B.; Rys, F.; Gobin, B.] Res Ctr Ornamental Plants PCS, B-9070 Destelbergen, Belgium. [Gehesquiere, B.; Hofte, M.] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Crop Protect, Lab Phytopathol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Crouch, J. A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Marra, R. E.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol & Ecol, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. RP Heungens, K (reprint author), Inst Agr & Fisheries Res ILVO, Plant Sci Unit, Crop Protect, Burg Van Gansberghelaan 96 Bus 2, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. EM kurt.heungens@ilvo.vlaanderen.be OI Crouch, Jo Anne/0000-0001-6886-8090 FU Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT, Flanders, Belgium) [080519]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), USDA-APHIS Farm Bill, USDA-ARS Floriculture; Nursery Research Initiative FX This research was financed via project 080519 of the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT, Flanders, Belgium), including the members of the guidance committee, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), USDA-APHIS Farm Bill, USDA-ARS Floriculture and the Nursery Research Initiative. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by any of the engaged research institutes, which are equal opportunity providers and employers. The authors thank U. Brielmaier-Liebetanz, T. Cech, H. T. Dogmus, R. Engesser, M. Ganci, P. Gannibal, B. Henricot, M. Heupel, W. Ho, T. Hollinger, T. Hsiang, S. Inghelbrecht, K. Ivors, A. Van Kuik, M. Mirabolfathy, A. Perez Sierra, K. Rosendahl-Peeters, M. Saracchi, C. Saurat, M. Vincent, S. Werres and M. Zerjav for providing isolates. They also thank M. Malapi- Wight for preparation of microscopic images, A. Haegeman for help with phylogenetic analyses, M. Ammirata, S. D'Haeyer and R. Drieghe for technical support and M. Levenson for English language editing. NR 49 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-0862 EI 1365-3059 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 65 IS 1 BP 37 EP 52 DI 10.1111/ppa.12401 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA7AI UT WOS:000367956600004 ER PT J AU Bufalo, J Cantrell, CL Jacob, MR Schrader, KK Tekwani, BL Kustova, TS Ali, A Boaro, CSF AF Bufalo, Jennifer Cantrell, Charles L. Jacob, Melissa R. Schrader, Kevin K. Tekwani, Babu L. Kustova, Tatyana S. Ali, Abbas Boaro, Carmen S. F. TI Antimicrobial and Antileishmanial Activities of Diterpenoids Isolated from the Roots of Salvia deserta SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Article DE Salvia deserta; Lamiaceae; diterpenoid; leishmania; antimicrobial activity; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus iniae ID FLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNARE; ABIETANE DITERPENOIDS; TAXODIUM-DISTICHUM; CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY; IN-VITRO; CONSTITUENTS; TRITERPENOIDS; TANSHINONES; INHIBITORS; PLANT AB Four diterpenes with biological activity were isolated from Salvia deserta roots. Taxodione was considered leishmanicidal with an IC50 value of 1.46 mu M (0.46 mg/L) against Leishmania donovani and also exhibited antifungal and antimicrobial activities. Ferruginol displayed the greatest activity [24-h IC50 of 4.5 mu M (1.29 mg/L)] against the fish pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus iniae. The crude extract fraction that contained the isolated compounds 7-O-acetylhorminone and horminone showed stronger in vitro antibacterial activity (1.3 mg/L for Staphylococcus aureus and 1.1 mg/L for methicillin-resistant S. aureus) than the compounds tested alone. 7-O-Acetylhorminone and horminone exhibited a synergistic effect against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (FIC of 0.2), and horminone had better activity against S. aureus with respect to other compounds isolated from S. deserta roots. In larvicidal bioassays, these extracts and isolated pure compounds did not show any activity at the highest dose of 125 mg/L against 1-d-old Aedes aegypti larvae. C1 [Bufalo, Jennifer; Boaro, Carmen S. F.] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, IB, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Bufalo, Jennifer; Cantrell, Charles L.; Schrader, Kevin K.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS USA. [Jacob, Melissa R.; Tekwani, Babu L.; Ali, Abbas] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, University, MS 38677 USA. [Tekwani, Babu L.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept BioMol Sci, University, MS 38677 USA. [Kustova, Tatyana S.] Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Timiriazeva, Kazakhstan. RP Cantrell, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM charles.cantrell@ars.usda.gov FU NIH, NIAID, Division of AIDS [AI 27094]; U.S. Department of Defense Investigator Initiated CDMRP grant [W81XWH-09-2-0093]; USDA Agricultural Research Service Specific Cooperative Agreement [58-6408-2-0009]; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES - PDSE) [4873-13]; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) FX The authors thank Ms. Amber Reichley, Mr. Solomon Green III, and Ms. Phaedra Page, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, USDA-ARS, for technical assistance. We also thank Ms. Marsha Wright and Mr. Surendra Jain for assitance in the in vitro antifungal, antibacterial, and antileishmanial activity assays. This work was supported by the NIH, NIAID, Division of AIDS, Grant No. AI 27094 (antifungal), U.S. Department of Defense Investigator Initiated CDMRP grant No. W81XWH-09-2-0093 (B.L.T.), and the USDA Agricultural Research Service Specific Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6408-2-0009 (antibacterial). Thanks go to Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES - PDSE Process 4873-13) and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for a doctoral degree scholarship granted to J.B. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 13 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 EI 1439-0221 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 82 IS 1-2 BP 131 EP 137 DI 10.1055/s-0035-1557875 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA DA8VN UT WOS:000368084700016 PM 26308356 ER PT J AU Zhu, XW Zhong, SB Chao, SM Gu, YQ Kianian, SF Elias, E Cai, XW AF Zhu, Xianwen Zhong, Shaobin Chao, Shiaoman Gu, Yong Qiang Kianian, Shahryar F. Elias, Elias Cai, Xiwen TI Toward a better understanding of the genomic region harboring Fusarium head blight resistance QTL Qfhs.ndsu-3AS in durum wheat SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; MAJOR QTL; IDENTIFICATION; RICE; GENE; BRACHYPODIUM; EMMER; POPULATIONS; SATURATION AB The wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides)-derived Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance quantitative trait locus (QTL) Qfhs.ndsu-3AS previously mapped to the short arm of chromosome 3A (3AS) in a population of recombinant inbred chromosome lines (RICLs). This study aimed to attain a better understanding of the genomic region harboring Qfhs.ndsu-3AS and to improve the utility of the QTL in wheat breeding. Micro-collinearity of the QTL region with rice chromosome 1 and Brachypodium chromosome 2 was identified and used for marker development in saturation mapping. A total of 42 new EST-derived sequence tagged site (STS) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed and mapped to the QTL and nearby regions on 3AS. Further comparative analysis revealed a complex collinearity of the 3AS genomic region with their collinear counterparts of rice and Brachypodium. Fine mapping of the QTL region resolved five co-segregating markers (Xwgc1186/Xwgc716/Xwgc1143/Xwgc501/Xwgc1204) into three distinct loci proximal to Xgwm2, a marker previously reported to be closely linked to the QTL. Four other markers (Xwgc1226, Xwgc510, Xwgc1296, and Xwgc1301) mapped farther proximal to the above markers in the QTL region with a higher resolution. Five homozygous recombinants with shortened T. dicoccoides chromosomal segments in the QTL region were recovered by molecular marker analysis and evaluated for FHB resistance. Qfhs.ndsu-3AS was positioned to a 5.2 cM interval flanked by the marker Xwgc501 and Xwgc510. The recombinants containing Qfhs.ndsu-3AS and new markers defining the QTL will facilitate utilization of this resistance source in wheat breeding. C1 [Zhu, Xianwen; Elias, Elias; Cai, Xiwen] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Zhong, Shaobin] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Gu, Yong Qiang] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Kianian, Shahryar F.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Cai, XW (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM xiwen.cai@ndsu.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [59-0790-8-068] FX The authors would like to acknowledge all members in Cai's lab and Dr. Chenggen Chu for their help in this research. Also, we thank Drs. Lili Qi and Rebekah Oliver for their critical review of the manuscript. This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 59-0790-8-068. This is a cooperative project with the US Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 129 IS 1 BP 31 EP 43 DI 10.1007/s00122-015-2606-x PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA DA9GE UT WOS:000368116200003 PM 26385373 ER PT J AU Ali, L Deokar, A Caballo, C Tar'an, B Gil, J Chen, W Millan, T Rubio, J AF Ali, L. Deokar, A. Caballo, C. Tar'an, B. Gil, J. Chen, W. Millan, T. Rubio, J. TI Fine mapping for double podding gene in chickpea SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CICER-ARIETINUM L.; ASCOCHYTA BLIGHT RESISTANCE; DRAFT GENOME SEQUENCE; LINKAGE MAP; STMS MARKER; IDENTIFICATION; YIELD; TRAIT; IMPROVEMENT; KABULI AB Four recombinant inbred populations (RIP-1, RIP-7, RIP-11, and CPR-01) were used to map the double podding gene (sfl) in chickpea. In RIP-1, the gene was initially mapped on linkage group (LG) 6 between the two sequence-tagged microsatellite site (STMS) markers TA120 and TR1. Eight new STMS markers were added onto LG6 in the target region and sfl locus was finally located between CAGM27819 and CAGM27777 markers within an interval of 2 cM. Seven out of the eight markers were mapped in RIP-7 and its reciprocal RIP-11 confirming the location of the sfl locus to a 4.8 cM interval flanked by TR44 and CAGM27705. Furthermore, using a high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) map of CPR-01, sfl was mapped to the same genomic region in a 5.1 cM interval between TR44 and the SNP scaffold1646p97220. Five pairs of near isogenic lines (NILs) and eight recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were used to refine this region in the chickpea physical map. Combining data from linkage analysis in four RIPs, marker physical positions and recombination events obtained in both pairs of NILs and selected RILs, sfl could be placed within a genomic window of 92.6 Kb. Seven annotated genes were extracted from this region. The regulator of axillary meristem-predicted gene could be a candidate gene for the simple/double podding gene. This study provides additional set of markers flanking and tightly linked to sfl locus that are useful for marker-assisted selection. C1 [Ali, L.; Gil, J.; Millan, T.] Univ Cordoba, Dept Genet, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain. [Deokar, A.; Tar'an, B.] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Crop Dev, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. [Caballo, C.; Rubio, J.] IFAPA, Area Mejora & Biotecnol, Cordoba 14080, Spain. [Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Millan, T (reprint author), Univ Cordoba, Dept Genet, Campus Rabanales Ed C-5, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain. EM teresa.millan@uco.es RI Millan, Teresa/L-1362-2014 OI Millan, Teresa/0000-0003-1302-1794 FU INIA [RTA2013-00025]; European Union through ERDF "Programa Operativo de Crecimiento Inteligente"; Syrian Ministry of High Education; Agriculture Development Fund of Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture; Saskatchewan Pulse Growers FX This work has been supported by the project INIA contract RTA2013-00025, co-financed by the European Union through the ERDF 2014-2020 "Programa Operativo de Crecimiento Inteligente". Ali L acknowledges PhD fellowship from Syrian Ministry of High Education. Funding for the Canadian research component was provided by the Agriculture Development Fund of the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture and by the Saskatchewan Pulse Growers. The authors would like to thank Dr. F Madueno from the IBMCP (CSIC-UPV, Spain) for helpful comments. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 129 IS 1 BP 77 EP 86 DI 10.1007/s00122-015-2610-1 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA DA9GE UT WOS:000368116200007 PM 26433827 ER PT J AU Zhang, JP Song, QJ Cregan, PB Jiang, GL AF Zhang, Jiaoping Song, Qijian Cregan, Perry B. Jiang, Guo-Liang TI Genome-wide association study, genomic prediction and marker-assisted selection for seed weight in soybean (Glycine max) SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; RIDGE-REGRESSION; ARABIDOPSIS; SIZE; MAIZE; ACCURACY; GERMINATION; RESISTANCE; POPULATION; GROWTH AB Soybean (Glycine max) is a major crop for plant protein and oil production, and seed weight (SW) is important for yield and quality in food/vegetable uses of soybean. However, our knowledge of genes controlling SW remains limited. To better understand the molecular mechanism underlying the trait and explore marker-based breeding approaches, we conducted a genome-wide association study in a population of 309 soybean germplasm accessions using 31,045 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and estimated the prediction accuracy of genomic selection (GS) and marker-assisted selection (MAS) for SW. Twenty-two loci of minor effect associated with SW were identified, including hotspots on Gm04 and Gm19. The mixed model containing these loci explained 83.4 % of phenotypic variation. Candidate genes with Arabidopsis orthologs conditioning SW were also proposed. The prediction accuracies of GS and MAS by cross-validation were 0.75-0.87 and 0.62-0.75, respectively, depending on the number of SNPs used and the size of training population. GS also outperformed MAS when the validation was performed using unrelated panels across a wide range of maturities, with an average prediction accuracy of 0.74 versus 0.53. This study convincingly demonstrated that soybean SW is controlled by numerous minor-effect loci. It greatly enhances our understanding of the genetic basis of SW in soybean and facilitates the identification of genes controlling the trait. It also suggests that GS holds promise for accelerating soybean breeding progress. The results are helpful for genetic improvement and genomic prediction of yield in soybean. C1 [Zhang, Jiaoping] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Song, Qijian; Cregan, Perry B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jiang, Guo-Liang] Virginia State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. RP Jiang, GL (reprint author), Virginia State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Carter G Woodson Ave,POB 9061, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. EM gjiang@vsu.edu FU USDA-NIFA/CSREES Hatch project; South Dakota Soybean Research and Promotion Council; United Soybean Board; South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station; Virginia State University Agricultural Research Station FX This research was supported in part by the USDA-NIFA/CSREES Hatch project, the grants of the South Dakota Soybean Research and Promotion Council and the United Soybean Board awarded to G.-L. Jiang. South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, and Virginia State University Agricultural Research Station also provided support in completion of the research and manuscript. The authors thank Dr. Randall Nelson, the curator of the USDA-ARS Germplasm Collection, for providing germplasm accessions, Dr. Jixiang Wu, South Dakota State University, for assistance in statistical analyses, and Dr. Richard Joost, the United Soybean Board, for reviewing the manuscript. The authors are also grateful to Xianzhi Wang, Siddhi Bhusal, Mukhtar Agoub, Nicholas Hall, Marci Green and Sivananda Tirumalaraju for assistance in field experiments. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 42 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 129 IS 1 BP 117 EP 130 DI 10.1007/s00122-015-2614-x PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA DA9GE UT WOS:000368116200011 PM 26518570 ER PT J AU Mound, L Nakahara, S Tsuda, DM AF Mound, Laurence Nakahara, Sueo Tsuda, Dick M. TI Thysanoptera-Terebrantia of the Hawaiian Islands: an identification manual SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Thysanoptera; Terebrantia; identification keys; Hawaiian Islands; endemics; adventives ID WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; AMERICAN BEAN THRIPS; HELIOTHRIPS-HAEMORRHOIDALIS; GENUS THYSANOPTERA; AUSTRALIA; SCIRTOTHRIPS; FRANKLINIELLA; EUROPE; PEST; ASIA AB An illustrated identification system is presented to 99 species and 49 genera in three families recorded from the Hawaiian Islands in the Thysanoptera suborder Terebrantia. Only seven (possibly eight) of these species are considered endemic, the remainder being adventive to these islands. The only previous study of Hawaiian Thysanoptera, by Zimmerman in 1948, included 47 Terebrantia species in 21 genera. C1 [Mound, Laurence] CSIRO, Australian Natl Insect Collect, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Nakahara, Sueo] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Tsuda, Dick M.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Entomol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Mound, L (reprint author), CSIRO, Australian Natl Insect Collect, Canberra, ACT, Australia. EM laurence.mound@csiro.au RI Mound, Laurence/A-3967-2009 NR 113 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 549 BP 71 EP 126 DI 10.3897/zookeys.549.6889 PG 56 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DA5YN UT WOS:000367878600005 PM 26843832 ER PT J AU Kavetskiy, A Yakubova, G Prior, SA Torbert, HA AF Kavetskiy, Aleksandr Yakubova, Galina Prior, Stephen A. Torbert, H. Allen TI "Hot background" of the mobile inelastic neutron scattering system for soil carbon analysis SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article DE Neutron activation; Hot background; Neutron generator; Soil carbon analysis; Radioisotopes Al-28, Mn-56, Mg-27, Na-24, N-16 AB The problem of gamma spectrum peak identification arises when conducting soil carbon analysis using the inelastic neutron scattering (INS) system. Some spectral peaks could be associated with radioisotopes appearing due to neutron activation of both the measurement system and soil samples. The investigation of "hot background" gamma spectra from the construction materials, whole measurement system, and soil samples over time showed that activation of Al-28 isotope can contribute noticeable additions to the soil neutron stimulated gamma spectra. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kavetskiy, Aleksandr; Yakubova, Galina; Prior, Stephen A.; Torbert, H. Allen] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Yakubova, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 South Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM galina.yakubova@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 107 BP 299 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.11.012 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA CZ9IC UT WOS:000367410300048 PM 26595773 ER PT J AU Welker, T Barrows, F Overturf, K Gaylord, G Sealey, W AF Welker, T. Barrows, F. Overturf, K. Gaylord, G. Sealey, W. TI Optimizing zinc supplementation levels of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed practical type fishmeal- and plant-based diets SO AQUACULTURE NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE deficiency; fishmeal; growth; plant based; rainbow trout; zinc ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY COEFFICIENTS; DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; CHELATED TRACE-ELEMENTS; PROTEIN-CONCENTRATE; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; MICROBIAL PHYTASE; NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY; FEED INGREDIENTS; MINERAL-CONTENT AB Rainbow trout (23.1 +/- 0.4g) were fed either a fishmeal- or plant-based diet supplemented with various levels of zinc (0, 15, 30, 60 or 120mgkg(-1)) for 12weeks. Trout fed the fishmeal diet had significantly higher weight gain than with the plant-based diet. Zinc supplementation in the fishmeal diet had no effect on growth performance, suggesting that additional dietary supplementation of zinc is not required. However, in trout fed the plant-based diet, growth increased significantly up to 30mgkg(-1) zinc after which growth was not affected. Trout fed the plant-based diet containing no zinc exhibited severe growth retardation, and in fish fed the 0 and 15mgkg(-1) zinc diets, cataracts were present. Use of broken-line quadratic modelling suggests that dietary supplementation of zinc needed to prevent deficiency and promote adequate growth in rainbow trout fed the plant-based diet in this study was 30.1mgkg(-1) (80mgkg(-1) total dietary zinc). This is higher than the NRC (2011, Nutrient Requirements of Fish and Shrimp) dietary recommended level of 15mgkg(-1) for rainbow trout. Following the NRC recommendation could lead to zinc deficiency in rainbow trout fed a plant-based diet. C1 [Welker, T.; Overturf, K.] USDA ARS, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Barrows, F.] USDA ARS, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA. [Gaylord, G.] USFWS, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA. RP Welker, T (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. EM thomas.welker@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Trout-Grains Project [5366-21310-003-00D] FX We wish to thank ARS technicians Michael Becerra, Karen Frank, Lorrie Van Tassel and Jason Frost and University of Idaho personnel for their assistance with this study. This study was funded by the USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Trout-Grains Project, no. 5366-21310-003-00D. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1353-5773 EI 1365-2095 J9 AQUACULT NUTR JI Aquac. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 91 EP 108 DI 10.1111/anu.12232 PG 18 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DA5OV UT WOS:000367853300009 ER PT J AU Betiku, OC Barrows, FT Ross, C Sealey, WM AF Betiku, O. C. Barrows, F. T. Ross, C. Sealey, W. M. TI The effect of total replacement of fish oil with DHA-Gold((R)) and plant oils on growth and fillet quality of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a plant-based diet SO AQUACULTURE NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE aquaculture; docosahexaenoic acid; fatty acids; fish oil; plant oil; rainbow trout ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; BETA-OXIDATION CAPACITY; VEGETABLE-OILS; FINISHING DIET; JUVENILE COBIA; PROTEIN DIETS; LIPID SOURCES; SUPPLEMENTATION; DIGESTIBILITY; FEEDS AB This study investigated the effect of the replacement of fish oil (FO) with DHA-Gold (DHA-G)-supplemented plant oils (PO) in rainbow trout fed plant-protein-based diets. Five diets (450 mg g(-1) digestible protein and 150 mg g(-1) crude lipid) were fed to rainbow trout (initial weight 37 +/- 0.5g) for 12weeks in a 15 degrees C recirculating water system. The lipid inclusion types and levels were FO, PO and PO with DHA-G supplemented at 30 mg g(-1), 60 mg g(-1) or 90 mg g(-1) of the diet replacement for corn oil. Fish fed 90 mg g(-1) DHA-G were significantly larger and consumed more feed than fish-fed PO or FO (218g and 2.6% bwd(-1) versus 181g and 2.4% and 190g and 2.3%, respectively). Feed conversion ratio was significantly increased in fish fed 90 mg g(-1) DHA-G (0.99) as compared to fish-fed FO (0.90) and 30 mg g(-1) DHA-G (0.91). Panellists found trout fillets from fish fed the 90 mg g(-1) DHA-G diet to have significantly fishier aroma and flavour than fish fed the FO diet. Fatty acid analysis demonstrated that 60 mg g(-1) or 90 mg g(-1) DHA-G supplementation increased PO fed fish fillet DHA to fatty acid levels equivalent or higher than those fish fed a FO diet. C1 [Betiku, O. C.; Sealey, W. M.] USFWS, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Barrows, F. T.] USDA ARS, Trout Grains Project, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA. [Ross, C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Sealey, WM (reprint author), USFWS, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. EM wendy_sealey@fws.gov RI User, Test/G-7821-2015 FU African Women in Agricultural Research and Development (AWARD); TwoxSea Inc. FX OC Betiku gratefully thanks African Women in Agricultural Research and Development (AWARD) and William Foss (TwoxSea Inc.) for financial support. The authors also wish to acknowledge the assistance of Prof. Boles and Prof. Dratz of Montana State University in shear force and fatty acids analysis, respectively, and Jesse Peach and Jesse Thomas for technical assistance on fatty acid analysis. The authors also thank Jason Frost and Andy Lybeck for their assistance with diet manufacturing, Matt Toner, Cal Fraser, Jason Ilgen, Christopher Hooley and Blake Hauptman for their assistance in fish culture and sampling, and Aaron Nistler, Eli Cureton and T. Gibson Gaylord for their assistance with laboratory analyses. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1353-5773 EI 1365-2095 J9 AQUACULT NUTR JI Aquac. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 158 EP 169 DI 10.1111/anu.12234 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DA5OV UT WOS:000367853300014 ER PT J AU Cooper, B Campbell, KB Garrett, WM AF Cooper, Bret Campbell, Kimberly B. Garrett, Wesley M. TI Expression of a synthetic rust fungal virus cDNA in yeast SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; ASIAN SOYBEAN RUST; POL FUSION PROTEIN; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; L-A; PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI; GAG-POL; UROMYCES-APPENDICULATUS; SELF-PROTECTION; VIRAL-RNA AB Mycoviruses are viruses that infect fungi. Recently, mycovirus-like RNAs were sequenced from the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal agent of soybean rust. One of the RNAs appeared to represent a novel mycovirus and was designated Phakopsora pachyrhizi virus 2383 (PpV2383). The genome of PpV2383 resembles Saccharomyces cerevisiae virus L-A, a double-stranded (ds) RNA mycovirus of yeast. PpV2383 encodes two major, overlapping open reading frames with similarity to gag (capsid protein) and pol (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase), and a -1 ribosomal frameshift is necessary for the translation of a gag-pol fusion protein. Phylogenetic analysis of pol relates PpV2383 to members of the family Totiviridae, including L-A. Because the obligate biotrophic nature of P. pachyrhizi makes it genetically intractable for in vivo analysis and because PpV2383 is similar to L-A, we synthesized a DNA clone of PpV2383 and tested its infectivity in yeast cells. PpV2383 RNA was successfully expressed in yeast, and mass spectrometry confirmed the translation of gag and gag-pol fusion proteins. There was, however, no production of PpV2383 dsRNA, the evidence of viral replication. Neither the presence of endogenous L-A nor the substitution of the 5' and 3' untranslated regions with those from L-A was sufficient to rescue replication of PpV2383. Nevertheless, the proof of transcription and translation from the clone in vivo are steps toward confirming that PpV2383 is a mycovirus. Further development of a surrogate biological system for the study of rust mycoviruses is necessary, and such research may facilitate biological control of rust diseases. C1 [Cooper, Bret; Campbell, Kimberly B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Garrett, Wesley M.] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cooper, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM bret.cooper@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS FX We thank Dr. Reed Wickner at the National Institutes of Health for providing biological materials and helpful advice. This research was funded entirely by the USDA-ARS. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 9 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 EI 1432-8798 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 161 IS 1 BP 111 EP 123 DI 10.1007/s00705-015-2639-0 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA DA2DM UT WOS:000367605500012 PM 26497180 ER PT J AU Ju, HY El-Mashad, HM Fang, XM Pan, ZL Xiao, HW Liu, YH Gao, ZJ AF Ju, Hao-Yu El-Mashad, Hamed M. Fang, Xiao-Ming Pan, Zhongli Xiao, Hong-Wei Liu, Yan-Hong Gao, Zhen-Jiang TI Drying characteristics and modeling of yam slices under different relative humidity conditions SO DRYING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bi-Di correlation; drying characteristic; relative humidity; yam slice ID BI-DI CORRELATION; PRODUCT QUALITY; AIR-TEMPERATURE; MASS-TRANSFER; SEEDLESS GRAPES; FOOD-PRODUCTS; COLOR-CHANGE; KINETICS; PRETREATMENT; DRYER AB The drying characteristics of yam slices under different constant relative humidity (RH) and step-down RH levels were studied. A mass transfer model was developed based on Bi-Di correlations containing a drying coefficient and a lag factor to describe the drying process. It was validated using experimental data. Results showed that the drying air with constant RH levels of 20, 30, and 40%, temperature of 60 degrees C, and air velocity of 1.5m/s had an insignificant effect on drying time. This phenomenon was likely attributed to the fact that higher RH led to a rapid increase in sample's temperature. The higher sample temperature could provide an additional driving force to water diffusion and thereby promote the moisture movement, which could minimize the negative effect of lower the drying rate in the initial drying stage. Applying air with 40% RH for 15min in the initial stage achieved the desired color and reduced the drying time by 25% compared to the drying time under continuous dehumidification from an initial RH of 40%. Using the developed Bi-Di correlation, the estimated Biot number, effective moisture diffusivity, and mass transfer coefficient ranged from 0.1024 to 0.1182, 1.1133x10(-10) to 8.8144x10(-9)m(2)/s, and 1.8992x10(-9) to 1.7364x10(-7)m/s, respectively. A rather high correlation coefficient of determination (R-2 between 0.9871 and 0.9971) was determined between the experimental and predicted moisture contents. The present findings contribute to a better understanding of the effect of relative humidity on drying characteristics. The developed Bi-Di correlation provided a new method to determine the effective diffusivity of moisture in drying. C1 [Ju, Hao-Yu; Fang, Xiao-Ming; Xiao, Hong-Wei; Liu, Yan-Hong; Gao, Zhen-Jiang] China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [El-Mashad, Hamed M.; Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [El-Mashad, Hamed M.] Mansoura Univ, Dept Agr Engn, Mansoura, Egypt. [Fang, Xiao-Ming] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Bee Res Inst, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Pan, Zhongli] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Xiao, HW (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, POB 194,17 Qinghua Donglu, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM xhwcaugxy@163.com FU National Science Foundation of China [31201436]; Chinese Universities Scientific Fund [2012QJ117]; Project in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period FX This research is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 31201436), the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (No. 2012QJ117), and the Project in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-3937 EI 1532-2300 J9 DRY TECHNOL JI Dry. Technol. PY 2016 VL 34 IS 3 BP 296 EP 306 DI 10.1080/07373937.2015.1052082 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DA2DW UT WOS:000367606500006 ER PT J AU Butler, MA Dahlen, J Daniels, RF Eberhardt, TL Antony, F AF Butler, Mark Alexander Dahlen, Joseph Daniels, Richard F. Eberhardt, Thomas L. Antony, Finto TI Bending strength and stiffness of loblolly pine lumber from intensively managed stands located on the Georgia Lower Coastal Plain SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID X 4 LUMBER; FLEXURAL PROPERTIES; UNITED-STATES; REGIONAL-VARIATION; PLANTATIONS; ELASTICITY; MODULUS; GRAVITY; AGE AB Loblolly pine is increasingly grown on intensively managed plantation forests that yield excellent growth; however, lumber cut from these trees often contains a large percentage of juvenile wood which negatively impacts strength and stiffness. Because of changing forest management and mill practices the design values for visually graded southern pine were updated in 2013 to more accurately account for the material properties available in commerce. This study was undertaken to assess the bending strength and stiffness of loblolly pine lumber from intensively managed stands located on the Georgia Lower Coastal Plain. Eight hundred and forty-one pieces of lumber sawn from 93 trees age 24-33 years were tested in four-point bending according to ASTM International standards. The No. 1 grade MOE15 (11.9 GPa) was greater than the current (11.0 GPa) design value and comparable to the previous (11.7 GPa) design value. The No. 2 grade MOE15 (10.6 GPa) was greater than the current (9.7 GPa) design value but slightly less than the previous (11.0 GPa) design values. The No. 3 grade MOE15 (9.3 GPa) was between the current (9.0 GPa) design value and the previous (9.7 GPa) design value. Altogether, these results point to the MOE15 mean values being reasonably comparable to the previous design values and currently meeting or exceeding the current design values for visually graded southern pine lumber. C1 [Butler, Mark Alexander; Dahlen, Joseph; Daniels, Richard F.; Antony, Finto] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resource, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Eberhardt, Thomas L.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Dahlen, J (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resource, 180 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jdahlen@uga.edu FU Plum Creek Timber Company; National Science Foundation (NSF) Center for Advanced Forest Systems (CAFS); Wood Quality Consortium (WQC) at the University of Georgia; NSF CAFS; WQC FX This research was possible through support from Plum Creek Timber Company, the National Science Foundation (NSF) Center for Advanced Forest Systems (CAFS) and the Wood Quality Consortium (WQC) at the University of Georgia. The authors wish to thank Plum Creek Timber Company, NSF CAFS, and the WQC for funding this project. We also gratefully acknowledge Varn Wood Products LLC. who processed the logs into structural lumber in their sawmill. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0018-3768 EI 1436-736X J9 EUR J WOOD WOOD PROD JI Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 74 IS 1 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1007/s00107-015-0956-3 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA DA0WW UT WOS:000367519300013 ER PT J AU Zhou, HF Zhu, JY Gleisner, R Qiu, XQ Horn, E Negron, J AF Zhou, Haifeng Zhu, J. Y. Gleisner, Roland Qiu, Xueqing Horn, Eric Negron, Jose TI Pilot-scale demonstration of SPORL for bioconversion of lodgepole pine to bioethanol and lignosulfonate SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE biofuel; enzymatic saccharification/hydrolysis; forest biorefinery; high solids fermentation; lignosulfonate; process scale-up ID ENHANCE ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; OVERCOME RECALCITRANCE; SULFITE PRETREATMENT; BIOMASS PRETREATMENT; DILUTE-ACID; HIGH-TITER; FERMENTATION; LIGNIN AB The process sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocelluloses (SPORL) has been the focus of this study. Pilot-scale (50 kg) pretreatment of wood chips of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon) killed by mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) were conducted at 165 degrees C with a dilute sulfite solution of pH 2 for bioconversion to ethanol and lignosulfonate (LS). The pretreatment duration was optimized in laboratory bench scale experiments with a certain severity based on a combined hydrolysis factor (CHF). The sodium bisulfite loading was 8% and the liquor to wood ratio 3. The pretreated solids were disk milled together with the spent liquid and the resultant slurry with a 25% solids content was directly (without detoxification) submitted to a simultaneous enzymatic saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with Saccharomyces cerevisiae YRH400 at cellulase loading of 35 ml kg(-1) of untreated wood. At solids loading of 20%, the alcohol yield was 288 l t(-1) wood (with a final concentration of 52.2 g l(-1)), which corresponds to a 72.0% theoretical yield based on total glucan, mannan, and xylan. The LS from SPORL was highly sulfonated and its molecular weight was lower than that of a purified commercial softwood LS, and therefore it has a high potential as a directly marketable co-product. C1 [Zhou, Haifeng; Zhu, J. Y.; Gleisner, Roland] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Zhou, Haifeng; Qiu, Xueqing] S China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Horn, Eric] BioPulping Int Inc, Madison, WI USA. [Negron, Jose] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us FU USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase II project [2010-33610-21589]; International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (ISTCP) [2013DFA41670] FX This work was supported by a USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase II project (Contract Number: 2010-33610-21589) to Biopulping International, Inc., Madison, WI, USA and the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (ISTCP):2013DFA41670. The funding from these programs made the visiting appointment of Zhou at the USDA Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) possible. We would like to acknowledge Novozymes North America for providing the cellulase enzymes; Dr. Jerry Gargulak of LignoTech for providing us the D-748 Lignosulfonate, Fred Matt for conducting carbohydrate measurements, and Linda Lorenz for assisting GPC measurements of lignosulfonate, and Kolby Hirth for ICP analysis of sulfur. This work was conducted on official government time of Zhu, Gleisner, and Negron while Zhou was a visiting student at the USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 10 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 EI 1437-434X J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD JAN PY 2016 VL 70 IS 1 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1515/hf-2014-0332 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA DA5DL UT WOS:000367822500003 ER PT J AU Pelaez-Samaniego, MR Yadama, V Garcia-Perez, M Lowell, E Zhu, R Englund, K AF Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel R. Yadama, Vikram Garcia-Perez, Manuel Lowell, Eini Zhu, Rui Englund, Karl TI Interrelationship between lignin-rich dichloromethane extracts of hot water-treated wood fibers and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in wood plastic composite (WPC) production SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE high-density polyethylene (HDPE); hot water extraction (HWE); lignin; rheology; wood plastic composites (WPC) ID POLYMER BLENDS; RHEOLOGY; PRETREATMENT AB Hot water extraction (HWE) partially removes hemicelluloses from wood while leaving the majority of the lignin and cellulose; however, the lignin partially migrates to the inner surfaces of the cell wall where it can be deposited as a layer that is sometimes visible as droplets. This lignin-rich material was isolated via Soxhlet extraction with dichloromethane to investigate its rheological behavior in blends with high-density polyethylene (HDPE), a common material in wood plastic composites (WPCs). Pyrolysis gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and electrospray ion mass spectrometry (ESI/MS) confirmed that the isolated material is constituted mainly of low-molecular-weight lignin oligomers. The blends of HDPE/isolated lignin, in varying ratios, were tested by means of dynamic rheology. A "shoulder" was found in plots "shear storage moduli (G') vs. frequency sweep" and a shift of the terminal zone to lower frequencies was observed. Apparently, this shoulder is caused by the elastic contribution of the interfacial tension between the blend components. The rheology of WPCs produced from HWE wood and HDPE shows a similar shoulder in G' plots, suggesting that the HDPE/lignin blends are in part responsible for the shape of the G' curves. C1 [Yadama, Vikram] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Yadama, Vikram; Zhu, Rui; Englund, Karl] Washington State Univ, Composite Mat & Engn Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel R.; Garcia-Perez, Manuel] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel R.] Univ Cuenca, Fac Chem Sci, Cuenca, Ecuador. [Lowell, Eini] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR USA. RP Yadama, V (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM vyadama@wsu.edu OI Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel Raul/0000-0002-7618-9474 FU USDA Forest Service Research and Development Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts [09-JV-11261975-028]; Fulbright Faculty Development Program Scholarship FX The authors acknowledge the support of the USDA Forest Service Research and Development Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts 2009 Grant Program (Agreement No. 09-JV-11261975-028). M.R. Pelaez-Samaniego acknowledges the Fulbright Faculty Development Program Scholarship. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 EI 1437-434X J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD JAN PY 2016 VL 70 IS 1 BP 31 EP 38 DI 10.1515/hf-2014-0309 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA DA5DL UT WOS:000367822500004 ER PT J AU Ottmar, RD Hiers, JK Butler, BW Clements, CB Dickinson, MB Hudak, AT O'Brien, JJ Potter, BE Rowell, EM Strand, TM Zajkowski, TJ AF Ottmar, Roger D. Hiers, J. Kevin Butler, Bret W. Clements, Craig B. Dickinson, Matthew B. Hudak, Andrew T. O'Brien, Joseph J. Potter, Brian E. Rowell, Eric M. Strand, Tara M. Zajkowski, Thomas J. TI Measurements, datasets and preliminary results from the RxCADRE project-2008, 2011 and 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire behaviour; fire effects; fire model evaluation; fire weather; fuel; remote-piloted aircraft system; smoke ID FIRE EMISSIONS; CARBON AB The lack of independent, quality-assured field data prevents scientists from effectively evaluating and advancing wildland fire models. To rectify this, scientists and technicians convened in the south-eastern United States in 2008, 2011 and 2012 to collect wildland fire data in six integrated core science disciplines defined by the fire modelling community. These were fuels, meteorology, fire behaviour, energy, smoke emissions and fire effects. The campaign is known as the Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment (RxCADRE) and sampled 14 forest and 14 non-forest sample units associated within 6 small replicate (<10ha) and 10 large operational (between 10 and 1000ha) prescribed fires. Precampaign planning included identifying hosting agencies receptive to research and the development of study, logistics and safety plans. Data were quality-assured, reduced, analysed and formatted and placed into a globally accessible repository maintained by the US Forest Service Research Data Archive. The success of the RxCADRE project led to the commencement of a follow-on larger multiagency project called the Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE). This overview summarises the RxCADRE project and nine companion papers that describe the data collection, analysis and important conclusions from the six science disciplines. C1 [Ottmar, Roger D.; Potter, Brian E.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Hiers, J. Kevin] Univ South, Sewanee, TN 37383 USA. [Butler, Bret W.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Clements, Craig B.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Meteorol & Climate Sci, Fire Weather Res Lab, San Jose, CA 95912 USA. [Dickinson, Matthew B.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83833 USA. [O'Brien, Joseph J.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Rowell, Eric M.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Strand, Tara M.] Scion, New Zealand Crown Forest Res Inst, Christchurch 8042, New Zealand. [Zajkowski, Thomas J.] N Carolina State Univ, NextGen Air Transportat Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Ottmar, RD (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, 400 North 34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM rottmar@fs.fed.us OI Dickinson, Matthew/0000-0003-3635-1219 FU JFSP [11-2-1-11]; Pacific Northwest Station of the US Forest Service; National Fire Plan; Rocky Mountain Station of the US Forest Service; Northern Station of the US Forest Service; Southern Research Station of the US Forest Service FX We acknowledge funding from the JFSP (project no. 11-2-1-11), with additional support from the Pacific Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Northern and Southern Research Stations of the US Forest Service and from the National Fire Plan. We thank James Furman, Brett Williams, Matt Snider and the entire staff at Jackson Guard, Eglin AFB, and Lindsey Boring and Mark Melvin at the JJERC for hosting RxCADRE and providing the logistical and planning support to complete the research burns. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 12 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1071/WF14161 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DA3VH UT WOS:000367727100002 ER PT J AU Ottmar, RD Hudak, AT Prichard, SJ Wright, CS Restaino, JC Kennedy, MC Vihnanek, RE AF Ottmar, Roger D. Hudak, Andrew T. Prichard, Susan J. Wright, Clinton S. Restaino, Joseph C. Kennedy, Maureen C. Vihnanek, Robert E. TI Pre-fire and post-fire surface fuel and cover measurements collected in the southeastern United States for model evaluation and development - RxCADRE 2008, 2011 and 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE ash; fire effects; fuel consumption; fuel loading; longleaf pine; prescribed fire ID CONSUMPTION MODELS; LONGLEAF PINE; CARBON EMISSIONS; PRESCRIBED FIRES; FOREST-FIRES; ECOSYSTEM; COMBUSTION; CHALLENGES; SEVERITY; DYNAMICS AB A lack of independent, quality-assured data prevents scientists from effectively evaluating predictions and uncertainties in fire models used by land managers. This paper presents a summary of pre-fire and post-fire fuel, fuel moisture and surface cover fraction data that can be used for fire model evaluation and development. The data were collected in the southeastern United States on 14 forest and 14 non-forest sample units associated with 6 small replicate and 10 large operational prescribed fires conducted during 2008, 2011, and 2012 as part of the Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment (RxCADRE). Fuel loading and fuel consumption averaged 6.8 and 4.1 Mg ha(-1) respectively in the forest units and 3.0 and 2.2 Mg ha(-1) in the non-forest units. Post-fire white ash cover ranged from 1 to 28%. Data were used to evaluate two fuel consumption models, CONSUME and FOFEM, and to develop regression equations for predicting fuel consumption from ash cover. CONSUME and FOFEM produced similar predictions of total fuel consumption and were comparable with measured values. Simple linear models to predict pre-fire fuel loading and fuel consumption from post-fire white ash cover explained 46 and 59% of variation respectively. C1 [Ottmar, Roger D.; Wright, Clinton S.; Vihnanek, Robert E.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Prichard, Susan J.; Restaino, Joseph C.; Kennedy, Maureen C.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Ottmar, RD (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, 400 North 34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM rottmar@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program [11-2-1-11]; Pacific Northwest station of the US Forest Service; Rocky Mountain station of the US Forest Service; Northern station of the US Forest Service; Southern research station of the US Forest Service; National Fire Plan FX We acknowledge funding from the Joint Fire Science Program (project no. 11-2-1-11), with additional support from the Pacific Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Northern and Southern research stations of the US Forest Service and from the National Fire Plan. We thank James Furman, J. Kevin Hiers, Brett Williams and the entire staff at Jackson Guard, Eglin AFB, and Lindsey Boring and Mark Melvin at the JJERC for hosting the RxCADRE and providing the logistical and planning support to complete the research burns. We also thank Jon Dvorak for assistance with the fuel data collection and reduction, along with Eva Strand, Donovan Birch, Benjamin Bright and Ben Hornsby. NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 10 EP 24 DI 10.1071/WF15092 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DA3VH UT WOS:000367727100003 ER PT J AU Hudak, AT Dickinson, MB Bright, BC Kremens, RL Loudermilk, EL O'Brien, JJ Hornsby, BS Ottmar, RD AF Hudak, Andrew T. Dickinson, Matthew B. Bright, Benjamin C. Kremens, Robert L. Loudermilk, E. Louise O'Brien, Joseph J. Hornsby, Benjamin S. Ottmar, Roger D. TI Measurements relating fire radiative energy density and surface fuel consumption - RxCADRE 2011 and 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire radiative energy (FRE); fire radiative power (FRP); fuel map; LiDAR; long-wave infrared (LWIR); RxCADRE ID DISCRETE-RETURN LIDAR; PINE FORESTS; BEHAVIOR; AFRICA; CARBON; AREA; FLUX AB Small-scale experiments have demonstrated that fire radiative energy is linearly related to fuel combusted but such a relationship has not been shown at the landscape level of prescribed fires. This paper presents field and remotely sensed measures of pre-fire fuel loads, consumption, fire radiative energy density (FRED) and fire radiative power flux density (FRFD), from which FRED is integrated, across forested and non-forested RxCADRE 2011 and 2012 burn blocks. Airborne longwave infrared (LWIR) image time series were calibrated to FRFD and integrated to provide FRED. Surface fuel loads measured in clip sample plots were predicted across burn blocks from airborne lidar-derived metrics. Maps of surface fuels and FRED were corrected for occlusion of the radiometric signal by the overstorey canopy in the forested blocks, and FRED maps were further corrected for temporal and spatial undersampling of FRFD. Fuel consumption predicted from FRED derived from both airborne LWIR imagery and various ground validation sensors approached a linear relationship with observed fuel consumption, which matched our expectation. These field, airborne lidar and LWIR image datasets, both before and after calibrations and corrections have been applied, will be made publicly available from a permanent archive for further analysis and to facilitate fire modelling. C1 [Hudak, Andrew T.; Bright, Benjamin C.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Dickinson, Matthew B.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Kremens, Robert L.] Rochester Inst Technol, Ctr Imaging Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Loudermilk, E. Louise; O'Brien, Joseph J.; Hornsby, Benjamin S.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Ottmar, Roger D.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Hudak, AT (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 1221 South Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM ahudak@fs.fed.us OI Dickinson, Matthew/0000-0003-3635-1219 FU Joint Fire Science Program [11-2-1-11]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [RC-2243] FX This research was funded primarily by the Joint Fire Science Program (Project #11-2-1-11) with additional support from the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (#RC-2243). We thank Kevin Hiers and Brett Williams for essential logistical support; Clint Wright, Bob Vihnanek, Joe Restaino, Jon Dvorak, Eva Strand and Donovan Birch for fuel sampling; and Kevin Satterberg for helping to prepare data and metadata files for the RxCADRE data repository. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 25 EP + DI 10.1071/WF14159 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DA3VH UT WOS:000367727100001 ER PT J AU Rowell, EM Seielstad, CA Ottmar, RD AF Rowell, Eric M. Seielstad, Carl A. Ottmar, Roger D. TI Development and validation of fuel height models for terrestrial lidar - RxCADRE 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fuels characterisation; grass fuels; prescribed fire; shrub fuels; spatially explicit; terrestrial laser scanner; TLS-based height metrics ID AREA DENSITY PROFILE; GROUND-BASED LIDAR; LEAF-AREA; CANOPY; BIOMASS; FIRE; SIZE AB Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) was used to collect spatially continuous measurements of fuelbed characteristics across the plots and burn blocks of the 2012 RxCADRE experiments in Florida. Fuelbeds were scanned obliquely from plot/block edges at a height of 20 m above ground. Pre-fire blocks were scanned from six perspectives and four perspectives for post-fire at similar to 2 cm nominal spot spacing. After processing, fuel height models were developed at one meter spatial resolution in burn blocks and compared with field measurements of height. Spatial bias is also examined. The resultant fuel height data correspond closely with field measurements of height and exhibit low spatial bias. They show that field measurements of fuel height from field plots are not representative of the burn blocks as a whole. A translation of fuel height distributions to specific fuel attributes will be necessary to maximise the utility of the data for fire modelling. C1 [Rowell, Eric M.; Seielstad, Carl A.] Univ Montana, Natl Ctr Landscape Fire Anal, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Rowell, Eric M.; Seielstad, Carl A.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Ottmar, Roger D.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Rowell, EM (reprint author), Univ Montana, Natl Ctr Landscape Fire Anal, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM eric.rowell@firecenter.umt.edu FU Joint Fire Science Program [11-2-1-11]; National Center for Landscape Fire Analysis FX This research was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (Project #11-2-1-11), with additional support from the National Center for Landscape Fire Analysis. We thank the Pacific North-west Research Station for fuels data collection (Joe Restaino, Clint Wright, and Jon Dvorak) and Kevin Hiers and Brett Williams for logistical support at Eglin Air Force Base. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 38 EP 47 DI 10.1071/WF14170 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DA3VH UT WOS:000367727100004 ER PT J AU Dickinson, MB Hudak, AT Zajkowski, T Loudermilk, EL Schroeder, W Ellison, L Kremens, RL Holley, W Martinez, O Paxton, A Bright, BC O'Brien, JJ Hornsby, B Ichoku, C Faulring, J Gerace, A Peterson, D Mauceri, J AF Dickinson, Matthew B. Hudak, Andrew T. Zajkowski, Thomas Loudermilk, E. Louise Schroeder, Wilfrid Ellison, Luke Kremens, Robert L. Holley, William Martinez, Otto Paxton, Alexander Bright, Benjamin C. O'Brien, Joseph J. Hornsby, Benjamin Ichoku, Charles Faulring, Jason Gerace, Aaron Peterson, David Mauceri, Joseph TI Measuring radiant emissions from entire prescribed fires with ground, airborne and satellite sensors - RxCADRE 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire behaviour; fire radiative power; MODIS; remote sensing; unmanned aircraft systems; VIIRS; WASP ID PIXEL-BASED CALCULATION; RADIATIVE POWER; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; INITIAL ASSESSMENT; SURFACE FIRES; ACTIVE FIRES; MODIS; ALGORITHM; PRODUCTS; ENERGY AB Characterising radiation from wildland fires is an important focus of fire science because radiation relates directly to the combustion process and can be measured across a wide range of spatial extents and resolutions. As part of a more comprehensive set of measurements collected during the 2012 Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research (RxCADRE) field campaign, we used ground, airborne and spaceborne sensors to measure fire radiative power (FRP) from whole fires, applying different methods to small (2 ha) and large (>100 ha) burn blocks. For small blocks (n = 6), FRP estimated from an obliquely oriented long-wave infrared (LWIR) camera mounted on a boom lift were compared with FRP derived from combined data from tower-mounted radiometers and remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS). For large burn blocks (n = 3), satellite FRP measurements from the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensors were compared with near-coincident FRP measurements derived from a LWIR imaging system aboard a piloted aircraft. We describe measurements and consider their strengths and weaknesses. Until quantitative sensors exist for small RPAS, their use in fire research will remain limited. For oblique, airborne and satellite sensors, further FRP measurement development is needed along with greater replication of coincident measurements, which we show to be feasible. C1 [Dickinson, Matthew B.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.; Bright, Benjamin C.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Zajkowski, Thomas] USDA Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. [Loudermilk, E. Louise; O'Brien, Joseph J.; Hornsby, Benjamin] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Southern Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Schroeder, Wilfrid] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ellison, Luke; Ichoku, Charles] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ellison, Luke] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Kremens, Robert L.; Faulring, Jason; Gerace, Aaron; Mauceri, Joseph] Rochester Inst Technol, Ctr Imaging Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Holley, William; Martinez, Otto; Paxton, Alexander] US Air Force, Niceville, FL 32542 USA. [Peterson, David] CNR, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Dickinson, MB (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM mbdickinson@fs.fed.us RI Schroeder, Wilfrid/F-6738-2010; peterson, david/L-2350-2016; OI Dickinson, Matthew/0000-0003-3635-1219 FU Joint Fire Science Program [11-2-1-11] FX We thank the Eglin AFB fire management staff, particularly Kevin Hiers, Brett Williams and the fire crews for their supreme competence in prescribed burning and logistical coordination. We also thank the many scientists and support staff not included in this paper whose work and collaboration made the RxCADRE project possible, particularly Roger Ottmar who led the effort and Dan Jimenez who facilitated agreements and funding. It is with sadness and gratitude that we note the loss of Dr Otto Martinez and Mr. Bill Holley of the Eglin AFB Digital Video Laboratory. Otto and Bill were central to the planning and implementation of the complex RxCADRE airborne operations and, in addition, they coordinated RPAS operations that included multiple platforms and managed real-time data collection and display. The 2012 RxCADRE campaign was made possible by a grant from the Joint Fire Science Program (Project #11-2-1-11), and longer-term support from the US Forest Service, National Fire Plan, Joint Fire Science Program and NASA was critical for getting the RxCADRE project started. Thanks to Ellen Eberhardt and several anonymous reviewers for their input on the manuscript. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 10 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 48 EP 61 DI 10.1071/WF15090 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DA3VH UT WOS:000367727100005 ER PT J AU O'Brien, JJ Loudermilk, EL Hornsby, B Hudak, AT Bright, BC Dickinson, MB Hiers, JK Teske, C Ottmar, RD AF O'Brien, Joseph J. Loudermilk, E. Louise Hornsby, Benjamin Hudak, Andrew T. Bright, Benjamin C. Dickinson, Matthew B. Hiers, J. Kevin Teske, Casey Ottmar, Roger D. TI High-resolution infrared thermography for capturing wildland fire behaviour - RxCADRE 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire radiant energy; fire radiant power; long-wave infrared ID LONGLEAF PINE FORESTS; FINE-SCALE VARIATION; EMISSIVITY; MODEL AB Wildland fire radiant energy emission is one of the only measurements of combustion that can be made at wide spatial extents and high temporal and spatial resolutions. Furthermore, spatially and temporally explicit measurements are critical for making inferences about fire effects and useful for examining patterns of fire spread. In this study we describe our methods for capturing and analysing spatially and temporally explicit long-wave infrared (LWIR) imagery from the RxCADRE (Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment) project and examine the usefulness of these data in investigating fire behaviour and effects. We compare LWIR imagery captured at fine and moderate spatial and temporal resolutions (from 1 cm(2) to 1 m(2); and from 0.12 to 1 Hz) using both nadir and oblique measurements. We analyse fine-scale spatial heterogeneity of fire radiant power and energy released in several experimental burns. There was concurrence between the measurements, although the oblique view estimates of fire radiative power were consistently higher than the nadir view estimates. The nadir measurements illustrate the significance of fuel characteristics, particularly type and connectivity, in driving spatial variability at fine scales. The nadir and oblique measurements illustrate the usefulness of the data for describing the location and movement of the fire front at discrete moments in time at these fine and moderate resolutions. Spatially and temporally resolved data from these techniques show promise to effectively link the combustion environment with post-fire processes, remote sensing at larger scales and wildland fire modelling efforts. C1 [O'Brien, Joseph J.; Loudermilk, E. Louise; Hornsby, Benjamin] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Southern Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.; Bright, Benjamin C.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Dickinson, Matthew B.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Hiers, J. Kevin] Wildland Fire Ctr, Eglin Air Force Base, Niceville, FL 32578 USA. [Teske, Casey] Univ Montana, Fire Ctr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Ottmar, Roger D.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP O'Brien, JJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Southern Res Ctr, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jjobrien@fs.fed.us OI Dickinson, Matthew/0000-0003-3635-1219 FU Joint Fire Science Program [11-2-1-11]; US Department of Defence Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [RC-2243] FX This research was funded primarily by the Joint Fire Science Program (Project #11-2-1-11) with additional support from the US Department of Defence Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (#RC-2243). Brett Williams of the Jackson Guard Wildland Fire Center went above and beyond the call of duty as incident commander. The authors thank all the Jackson Guard wildland fire personnel because the success of RxCADRE depended on their skill and professionalism. The authors thank Mac Callaham, Christie Stegall, Dexter Strother and Evelyn Wenk of the USDA Forest Service, who were invaluable in the field. The authors also thank Dr Morgan Varner and Dr Jesse Kreye for both sharing equipment and assisting in the field. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 62 EP 75 DI 10.1071/WF14165 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DA3VH UT WOS:000367727100006 ER PT J AU Butler, B Teske, C Jimenez, D O'Brien, J Sopko, P Wold, C Vosburgh, M Hornsby, B Loudermilk, E AF Butler, B. Teske, C. Jimenez, D. O'Brien, J. Sopko, P. Wold, C. Vosburgh, M. Hornsby, B. Loudermilk, E. TI Observations of energy transport and rate of spreads from low-intensity fires in longleaf pine habitat - RxCADRE 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE energy transport; field measurements; fire behaviour; fire modelling ID FIREFIGHTER SAFETY ZONES; CONVECTION HEAT-TRANSFER; DISCONTINUOUS FUEL BEDS; RADIATION; MODEL; BEHAVIOR; SCIENCE; FOREST; FLAME AB Wildland fire rate of spread (ROS) and intensity are determined by the mode and magnitude of energy transport from the flames to the unburned fuels. Measurements of radiant and convective heating and cooling from experimental fires are reported here. Sensors were located nominally 0.5 m above ground level. Flame heights varied from 0.3 to 1.8 m and flaming zone depth varied from 0.3 to 3.0 m. Fire ROS derived from observations of fire transit time between sensors was 0.10 to 0.48 m s(-1). ROS derived from ocular estimates reached 0.51 m s(-1) for heading fire and 0.25 m s(-1) for backing fire. Measurements of peak radiant and total energy incident on the sensors during flame presence reached 18.8 and 36.7 kW m(-2) respectively. Peak air temperatures reached 1159 degrees C. Calculated fire radiative energy varied from 7 to 162 kJ m(-2) and fire total energy varied from 3 to 261 kJ m(-2). Measurements of flame emissive power peaked at 95 kW m(-2). Average horizontal air flow in the direction of flame spread immediately before, during, and shortly after the flame arrival reached 8.8 m s(-1), with reverse drafts of 1.5 m s(-1); vertical velocities varied from 9.9 m s(-1) upward flow to 4.5 m s(-1) downward flow. The observations from these fires contribute to the overall understanding of energy transport in wildland fires. C1 [Butler, B.; Jimenez, D.; Sopko, P.; Wold, C.; Vosburgh, M.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Teske, C.] Univ Montana, Ctr Landscape Fire Anal, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [O'Brien, J.; Hornsby, B.; Loudermilk, E.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Athens Fire Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Butler, B (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM bwbutler@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program [11-2-1-11] FX The financial support provided by the Joint Fire Science Program (Project #11-2-1-11) was crucial to this effort. The integrative and collaborative involvement of the many groups involved in the effort facilitated the deployment and collection of a large number of fire behaviour packages. The leadership provided by R. Ottmar facilitated the efficient and productive execution of the project. Finally, none of this work would have been possible without the collaborative support of the administration and fire management organisation at Eglin Air Force Base. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 76 EP 89 DI 10.1071/WF14154 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DA3VH UT WOS:000367727100007 ER PT J AU Clements, CB Lareau, NP Seto, D Contezac, J Davis, B Teske, C Zajkowski, TJ Hudak, AT Bright, BC Dickinson, MB Butler, BW Jimenez, D Hiers, JK AF Clements, Craig B. Lareau, Neil P. Seto, Daisuke Contezac, Jonathan Davis, Braniff Teske, Casey Zajkowski, Thomas J. Hudak, Andrew T. Bright, Benjamin C. Dickinson, Matthew B. Butler, Bret W. Jimenez, Daniel Hiers, J. Kevin TI Fire weather conditions and fire-atmosphere interactions observed during low-intensity prescribed fires - RxCADRE 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE Doppler lidar; micrometeorology ID DOPPLER LIDAR; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM; PLUME C1 [Clements, Craig B.; Lareau, Neil P.; Seto, Daisuke; Contezac, Jonathan; Davis, Braniff] San Jose State Univ, Dept Meteorol & Climate Sci, Fire Weather Res Lab, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Teske, Casey] Univ Montana, Natl Ctr Landscape Fire Anal, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Zajkowski, Thomas J.] USDA Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.; Bright, Benjamin C.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Dickinson, Matthew B.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Butler, Bret W.; Jimenez, Daniel] USDA Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Hiers, J. Kevin] US Air Force, Wildland Fire Ctr, Niceville, FL USA. RP Clements, CB (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Meteorol & Climate Sci, Fire Weather Res Lab, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. EM craig.clements@sjsu.edu OI Dickinson, Matthew/0000-0003-3635-1219 FU Joint Fire Science Program [11-2-1-11]; National Science Foundation [AGS-1151930] FX The authors would like to acknowledge many individuals from Eglin Air Force Base Jackson Guard who helped us meet our specific research goals, including Keith Hawk, David Grimm and Brett Williams, who was the overall incident commander for the experiments. In addition, we would like to acknowledge Wyndam Lewis and Richard Bagley for their help in the field. The meteorological measurement campaign was supported by funding from the Joint Fire Science Program (project no. 11-2-1-11) and the National Science Foundation (AGS-1151930). NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 90 EP 101 DI 10.1071/WF14173 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DA3VH UT WOS:000367727100008 ER PT J AU Strand, T Gullett, B Urbanski, S O'Neill, S Potter, B Aurell, J Holder, A Larkin, N Moore, M Rorig, M AF Strand, Tara Gullett, Brian Urbanski, Shawn O'Neill, Susan Potter, Brian Aurell, Johanna Holder, Amara Larkin, Narasimhan Moore, Mark Rorig, Miriam TI Grassland and forest understorey biomass emissions from prescribed fires in the southeastern United States - RxCADRE 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE black carbon; combustion efficiency; emissions factor; particulate matter; smoke ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; BLACK CARBON MEASUREMENTS; TRACE GAS EMISSIONS; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; AEROSOLS; SMOKE; ABSORPTION; US; PARTICLES; AIRBORNE AB Smoke measurements were made during grass and forest understorey prescribed fires as part of a comprehensive programme to understand fire and smoke behaviour. Instruments deployed on the ground, airplane and tethered aerostat platforms characterised the smoke plumes through measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4) and particulate matter (PM), and measurements of optical properties. Distinctions were observed in aerial and ground-based measurements, with aerial measurements exhibiting smaller particle size distributions and PM emission factors, likely due to particle settling. Black carbon emission factors were similar for both burns and were highest during the initial flaming phase. On average, the particles from the forest fire were less light absorbing than those from the grass fires due to the longer duration of smouldering combustion in the forest biomass. CO and CH4 emission factors were over twice as high for the forest burn than for the grass burn, corresponding with a lower modified combustion efficiency and greater smouldering combustion. This dataset reveals the evolution of smoke emissions from two different commonly burned fuel types and demonstrates the complexity of emission factors. C1 [Strand, Tara] Scion, Crown Forest Res Inst, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand. [Gullett, Brian; Holder, Amara] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Urbanski, Shawn] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [O'Neill, Susan; Potter, Brian; Larkin, Narasimhan; Moore, Mark; Rorig, Miriam] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Aurell, Johanna] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. RP Strand, T (reprint author), Scion, Crown Forest Res Inst, Forestry Bldg,Forestry Rd, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand. EM tara.strand@scionresearch.com FU Joint Fire Science Program [11-2-1-11]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; US EPA Office of Research and Development; National Research Council FX This work was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (Project #11-2-1-11), the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (Dr John Hall) and the US EPA Office of Research and Development. This research was performed while Johanna Aurell held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the US EPA/NRMRL. We would like to thank Dave Hubble, our mission Cessna 337 pilot, and Aaron Knobloch of USFS Southern Region for his support in facilitating the air-plane arrangements. Contributing EPA personnel included Chris Pressley, Bill Squier, Bill Mitchell, Michael Hays and Robert Black (Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education postdoctoral fellow). Aerostat operations were handled by Rob Gribble (ISSI Inc.). Jeff Blair of AethLabs donated use of the AE-52. We also thank Candace Krull for her assistance with preparing field equipment before the study and Gary Curcio for contributing instrumentation, expertise and aid in deploying the equipment. We also give a special thanks to Scott Pokswinski (aka Daisycutter) who watched out for us while at the field site. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture and Environmental Protection Agency of any product or service. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 34 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 102 EP 113 DI 10.1071/WF14166 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DA3VH UT WOS:000367727100009 ER PT J AU Zajkowski, TJ Dickinson, MB Hiers, JK Holley, W Williams, BW Paxton, A Martinez, O Walker, GW AF Zajkowski, Thomas J. Dickinson, Matthew B. Hiers, J. Kevin Holley, William Williams, Brett W. Paxton, Alexander Martinez, Otto Walker, Gregory W. TI Evaluation and use of remotely piloted aircraft systems for operations and research - RxCADRE 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE Aeryon Scout; black carbon; concept of operations (CONOPS); fixed-wing aircraft; G2R; remote sensing; rotor aircraft; ScanEagle; thermal imagery; three-dimensional wind; unmanned aircraft systems; vertical takeoff and landing AB Small remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS), also known as unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), are expected to provide important contributions to wildland fire operations and research, but their evaluation and use have been limited. Our objectives were to leverage US Air Force-controlled airspace to (1) deploy RPAS in support of the 2012 Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research (RxCADRE) project campaign objectives, including fire progression at multiple scales and (2) assess tactical deployment of multiple RPAS with manned flights in support of incident management. We report here on planning for the missions, including the logistics of integrating RPAS into a complex operations environment, specifications of the aircraft and their measurements, execution of the missions and considerations for future missions. Deployments of RPAS ranged both in time aloft and in size, from the Aeryon Scout quadcopter to the fixed-wing G2R and ScanEagle UAS. Real-time video feeds to incident command staff supported prescribed fire operations and a concept of operations (a planning exercise) was implemented and evaluated for fires in large and small burn blocks. RPAS measurements included visible and long-wave infrared (LWIR) imagery, black carbon, air temperature, relative humidity and three-dimensional wind speed and direction. C1 [Zajkowski, Thomas J.] US Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. [Dickinson, Matthew B.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Hiers, J. Kevin; Williams, Brett W.] Air Force Wildland Fire Ctr, Niceville, FL 32578 USA. [Holley, William; Paxton, Alexander; Martinez, Otto] US Air Force, Niceville, FL 32542 USA. [Walker, Gregory W.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Ctr Unmanned Aircraft Syst Integrat, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Zajkowski, TJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Inst Transportat Res & Educ, Centennial Campus,Box 8601, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tom_zajkowski@ncsu.edu OI Dickinson, Matthew/0000-0003-3635-1219 FU Joint Fire Science Program [11-2-1-11] FX We thank the Eglin Air Force Base prescribed fire staff for their high level of competence and willingness to support research operations. We also thank the many scientists and support staff not included as authors on this paper but whose work and collaboration made the RxCADRE project possible - particularly Roger Ottmar, who led the effort, and Dan Jimenez, who facilitated agreements and funding. The 2012 RxCADRE campaign was made possible by grant #11-2-1-11 from the Joint Fire Science Program and longer-term support from the Department of Defence, US Forest Service, National Fire Plan, Joint Fire Science Program, and NASA were critical for getting the RxCADRE project started. The use of product or trade names in this document does not represent endorsement by the USA Government or its agents or authors; the product and trade names are included for informational purposes only. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 15 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 114 EP 128 DI 10.1071/WF14176 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DA3VH UT WOS:000367727100010 ER PT J AU Iniguez, JM Swetnam, TW Baisan, CH AF Iniguez, Jose M. Swetnam, Thomas W. Baisan, Christopher H. TI Fire history and moisture influences on historical forest age structure in the sky islands of southern Arizona, USA SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE age structure; climate; desert sky islands; forests; frequent fires; Pinus; ponderosa; ponderosa pine; regeneration; restoration; southern Arizona ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; COLORADO-FRONT-RANGE; HIGH-SEVERITY FIRE; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; AMERICAN SOUTHWEST; TREE RECRUITMENT; UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE; DISTURBANCE; PATTERNS AB Aim The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of moisture and fire on historical ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) age structure patterns. Location We used a natural experiment created over time by the unique desert island geography of southern Arizona. Methods We sampled tree establishment dates in two sites on Rincon Peak and another site in the Santa Catalina Mountains. The influence of regional moisture patterns was investigated by examining synchrony among tree age peaks and periods of favourable moisture. The influence of fire was investigated by examining the relationship between local fire histories and age peaks. Results Tree age peaks (recruitment events) were synchronized with periods of reduced fire frequencies, suggesting that periods of reduced fire activity allowed time for young trees to develop fire-resistant characteristics. For example, two age peaks (1670s-1680s and 1770s-1780s) in the Rincon Peak-north site coincided with a period of reduced fire frequency. These age peaks were absent in the Rincon Peak-south site where fires were more frequent during that time. All three sites had age peaks in the early 19th century, coinciding with regional climate variability (i.e. El Nino Southern Oscillation patterns) that reduced fire activity. Main conclusions Historically prior to fire suppression, the survivorship, and thus cohort establishment, of ponderosa pine was ultimately determined by local fire history patterns. The importance of fire as a tree establishment regulator highlights the need to use fire at appropriate intervals not just to restore but to maintain healthy forests. C1 [Iniguez, Jose M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Swetnam, Thomas W.; Baisan, Christopher H.] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Iniguez, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2500 Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM jiniguez@fs.fed.us FU Rocky Mountain Research Station [02-JV-11221615-204] FX This research was funded by a Rocky Mountain Research Station grant (02-JV-11221615-204). We thank Carl Edminster for supporting this project, as well as the Coronado National Forest and Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research. We thank Rudy King for statistical advice, and Calvin Farris, Ellis Margollis, Devin Petry, Ari Fitzwater, Chris Jones, Erin Brennen, Laura Marshall, Erika Bigio, Don Falk, Allen White and all others who assisted with field work. We also thank John Kupfer, Malcolm Zwolinski, Gerald Gottfried, Melissa Savage, David Huffman, Peter Brown and an anonymous referee for reviewing earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.1111/jbi.12626 PG 11 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA DA3IT UT WOS:000367691100008 ER PT J AU Villareal, DT Fontana, L Das, SK Redman, L Smith, SR Saltzman, E Bales, C Rochon, J Pieper, C Huang, M Lewis, M Schwartz, AV AF Villareal, Dennis T. Fontana, Luigi Das, Sai Krupa Redman, Leanne Smith, Steven R. Saltzman, Edward Bales, Connie Rochon, James Pieper, Carl Huang, Megan Lewis, Michael Schwartz, Ann V. CA CALERIE Study Grp TI Effect of Two-Year Caloric Restriction on Bone Metabolism and Bone Mineral Density in Non-Obese Younger Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE NUTRITION; BONE-FAT INTERACTIONS; BONE-MUSCLE INTERACTIONS; DXA; FRACTURE PREVENTION ID OBESE OLDER-ADULTS; MODERATE WEIGHT-LOSS; OVERWEIGHT POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT; CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ENERGY RESTRICTION; REDUCING INTAKE; LOSE BONE AB Although caloric restriction (CR) could delay biologic aging in humans, it is unclear if this would occur at the cost of significant bone loss. We evaluated the effect of prolonged CR on bone metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy younger adults. Two-hundred eighteen non-obese (body mass index [BMI] 25.1 +/- 1.7 kg/m(2)), younger (age 37.9 +/- 7.2 years) adults were randomly assigned to 25% CR (CR group, n = 143) or ad libitum (AL group, n = 75) for 2 years. Main outcomes were BMD and markers of bone turnover. Other outcomes included body composition, bone-active hormones, nutrient intake, and physical activity. Body weight (-7.5 perpendicular to 0.4 versus 0.1 perpendicular to 0.5 kg), fat mass (-5.3 perpendicular to 0.3 versus 0.4 perpendicular to 0.4 kg), and fat-free mass (-2.2 perpendicular to 0.2 versus -0.2 perpendicular to 0.2 kg) decreased in the CR group compared with AL (all between group p < 0.001). Compared with AL, the CR group had greater changes in BMD at 24 months: lumbar spine (-0.013 +/- 0.003 versus 0.007 +/- 0.004 g/cm(2); p < 0.001), total hip (-0.017 +/- 0.002 versus 0.001 +/- 0.003 g/cm(2); p < 0.001), and femoral neck (-0.015 +/- 0.003 versus -0.005 +/- 0.004 g/cm(2); p = 0.03). Changes in bone markers were greater at 12 months for C-telopeptide (0.098 +/- 0.012 versus 0.025 +/- 0.015 mu g/L; p < 0.001), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (0.4 +/- 0.1 versus 0.2 +/- 0.1 U/L; p = 0.004), and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) (-1.4 +/- 0.4 versus -0.3 +/- 0.5 U/L; p = 0.047) but not procollagen type 1 N-propeptide; at 24 months, only BSAP differed between groups (-1.5 +/- 0.4 versus 0.9 +/- 0.6 U/L; p = 0.001). The CR group had larger increases in 25-hydroxyvitamin D, cortisol, and adiponectin and decreases in leptin and insulin compared with AL. However, parathyroid hormone and IGF-1 levels did not differ between groups. The CR group also had lower levels of physical activity. Multiple regression analyses revealed that body composition, hormones, nutrients, and physical activity changes explained similar to 31% of the variance in BMD and bone marker changes in the CR group. Therefore, bone loss at clinically important sites of osteoporotic fractures represents a potential limitation of prolonged CR for extending life span. Further long-term studies are needed to determine if CR-induced bone loss in healthy adults contributes to fracture risk and if bone loss can be prevented with exercise. (C) 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. C1 [Villareal, Dennis T.; Fontana, Luigi] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Villareal, Dennis T.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Villareal, Dennis T.] Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Ctr Translat Res Inflammatory Dis, Houston, TX USA. [Fontana, Luigi] Univ Med Sch, Dept Clin & Expt Sci, Brescia, Italy. [Fontana, Luigi] CEINGE Biotecnol Avanzate, Naples, Italy. [Das, Sai Krupa; Saltzman, Edward] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Redman, Leanne; Smith, Steven R.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Smith, Steven R.] Florida Hosp, Translat Res Inst Metab & Diabet, Orlando, FL USA. [Smith, Steven R.] Sanford Burnham Prebys Med Discovery Inst, Orlando, FL USA. [Bales, Connie] Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Bales, Connie] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Bales, Connie; Rochon, James; Pieper, Carl; Huang, Megan] Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Rochon, James] Rho Fed Syst, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Lewis, Michael] Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT USA. [Schwartz, Ann V.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Villareal, DT (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dennis.villareal@bcm.edu FU National Institute of Diabetes and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health [U01AG022132, U01AG020478, U01AG020487, U01AG020480, U24AG047121]; National Institute on Aging (NIA) FX This study was supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and National Institute of Diabetes and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (U01AG022132, U01AG020478, U01AG020487, U01AG020480, and U24AG047121). Consistent with an NIH cooperative agreement, the study was designed and managed by a Steering Committee consisting of the Principal Investigators of the three clinical sites and the Data Coordinating Center and a representative from the NIA. Decisions were made by majority vote, and all members, including the NIH, had one vote. The content of this article is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute on Aging or the National Institutes of Health. NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 EI 1523-4681 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 40 EP 51 DI 10.1002/jbmr.2701 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DA3JP UT WOS:000367693300004 PM 26332798 ER PT J AU Cendrero-Mateo, MP Moran, MS Papuga, SA Thorp, KR Alonso, L Moreno, J Ponce-Campos, G Rascher, U Wang, G AF Cendrero-Mateo, M. Pilar Moran, M. Susan Papuga, Shirley A. Thorp, K. R. Alonso, L. Moreno, J. Ponce-Campos, G. Rascher, U. Wang, G. TI Plant chlorophyll fluorescence: active and passive measurements at canopy and leaf scales with different nitrogen treatments SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE FLD; Fluowat; PAM; nitrogen; chlorophyll content ID VEGETATION FLUORESCENCE; CO2 ASSIMILATION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; INTACT LEAVES; PHOTOSYSTEM-I; WATER-STRESS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; REFLECTANCE; RESOLUTION; EMISSION AB Most studies assessing chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) have examined leaf responses to environmental stress conditions using active techniques. Alternatively, passive techniques are able to measure ChlF at both leaf and canopy scales. However, the measurement principles of both techniques are different, and only a few datasets concerning the relationships between them are reported in the literature. In this study, we investigated the potential for interchanging ChlF measurements using active techniques with passive measurements at different temporal and spatial scales. The ultimate objective was to determine the limits within which active and passive techniques are comparable. The results presented in this study showed that active and passive measurements were highly correlated over the growing season across nitrogen treatments at both canopy and leaf-average scale. At the single-leaf scale, the seasonal relation between techniques was weaker, but still significant. The variability within single-leaf measurements was largely related to leaf heterogeneity associated with variations in CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance, and less so to variations in leaf chlorophyll content, leaf size or measurement inputs (e.g. light reflected and emitted by the leaf and illumination conditions and leaf spectrum). This uncertainty was exacerbated when single-leaf analysis was limited to a particular day rather than the entire season. We concluded that daily measurements of active and passive ChlF at the single-leaf scale are not comparable. However, canopy and leaf-average active measurements can be used to better understand the daily and seasonal behaviour of passive ChlF measurements. In turn, this can be used to better estimate plant photosynthetic capacity and therefore to provide improved information for crop management. C1 [Cendrero-Mateo, M. Pilar; Papuga, Shirley A.] Univ Arizona, Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Cendrero-Mateo, M. Pilar; Moran, M. Susan; Ponce-Campos, G.] USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Papuga, Shirley A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Thorp, K. R.] USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Alonso, L.; Moreno, J.] Univ Valencia Catedrat A Escardino, IPL, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain. [Rascher, U.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Bio & Geosci, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Wang, G.] Bridgestone Amer Agr Operat, Eloy, AZ 85131 USA. RP Cendrero-Mateo, MP (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Bio & Geosci, Leo Brandt Str, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM p.cendrero@fz-juelich.de RI Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009; Rascher, Uwe/D-5457-2009 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X; Rascher, Uwe/0000-0002-9993-4588 FU NASA [08-SMAPSDT08-0042]; USDA OECD FX The authors are grateful to Dr Laparra, Dr Salvucci, Dr Carmo-Silva, and Dr Temperton for their expert advice. This research was supported in part by the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Science Definition Team (08-SMAPSDT08-0042) and is a result of a fellowship funded by the USDA OECD Co-operative Research Programme. The authors would like to thank the editor and the anonymous reviewers of this manuscript for their valuable comments which have helped us to improve the quality of the paper. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 32 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 EI 1460-2431 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 67 IS 1 BP 275 EP 286 DI 10.1093/jxb/erv456 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DA5BE UT WOS:000367816300020 PM 26482242 ER PT J AU Baer, DJ Gebauer, SK Novotny, JA AF Baer, David J. Gebauer, Sarah K. Novotny, Janet A. TI Walnuts Consumed by Healthy Adults Provide Less Available Energy than Predicted by the Atwater Factors SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE metabolizable energy; walnuts; nuts; macronutrient digestibility; Atwater factors; calories ID FATTY-ACID PROFILE; NUT CONSUMPTION; PHYTOSTEROL CONTENT; PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION; LIPID BIOACCESSIBILITY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; PRENEOPLASTIC FOCI; ALMOND SEEDS; BLOOD-LIPIDS AB Background: Previous studies have shown that the metabolizable energy (ME) content (energy available to the body) of certain nuts is less than predicted by the Atwater factors. However, very few nuts have been investigated to date, and no information is available regarding the ME of walnuts. Objective: A study was conducted to determine the ME of walnuts when consumed as part of a typical American diet. Methods: Healthy adults (n = 18; mean age = 53.1 y; body mass index = 28.8 kg/m(2)) participated in a randomized crossover study with 2 treatment periods (3 wk each). The study was a fully controlled dietary feeding intervention in which the same base diet was consumed during each treatment period; the base diet was unsupplemented during one feeding period and supplemented with 42 g walnuts/d during the other feeding period. Base diet foods were reduced in equal proportions during the walnut period to achieve isocaloric food intake during the 2 periods. After a 9 d diet acclimation period, subjects collected all urine and feces for similar to 1 wk (as marked by a Brilliant Blue fecal collection marker) for analysis of energy content. Administered diets, walnuts, and fecal and urine samples were subjected to bomb calorimetry, and the resulting data were used to calculate the ME of the walnuts. Results: One 28-g serving of walnuts contained 146 kcal (5.22 kcal/g), 39 kcal/serving less than the calculated value of 185 kcal/serving (6.61 kcal/g). The ME of the walnuts Was 21% less than that predicted by the Atwater factors (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Consistent with other tree nuts, Atwater factors overestimate the metabolizable energy value of walnuts. These results could help explain the observations that consumers of nuts do not gain excessive weight and could improve the accuracy of food labeling. C1 [Baer, David J.; Gebauer, Sarah K.; Novotny, Janet A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Baer, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM David.Baer@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; California Walnut Commission FX This research was funded by the USDA and the California Walnut Commission. This is a free access article, distributed under terms (http://www.nutnition.org/publications/guidelines-and-policies/license/) that permit unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 17 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 146 IS 1 BP 9 EP 13 DI 10.3945/jn.115.217372 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DA3MF UT WOS:000367701100002 PM 26581681 ER PT J AU Dowd, PF Johnson, ET AF Dowd, Patrick F. Johnson, Eric T. TI Maize peroxidase Px5 has a highly conserved sequence in inbreds resistant to mycotoxin producing fungi which enhances fungal and insect resistance SO JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Peroxidase; Maize; Mycotoxin; Spodoptera; Helicoverpa; Fusarium ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; EAR ROT; IDENTIFICATION; GENE; TEX6; CHITINASE; DIVERSITY; RESPONSES; KERNELS; CORN AB Mycotoxin presence in maize causes health and economic issues for humans and animals. Although many studies have investigated expression differences of genes putatively governing resistance to producing fungi, few have confirmed a resistance role, or examined putative resistance gene structure in more than a couple of inbreds. The pericarp expression of maize Px5 has previously been associated with resistance to Aspergillus flavus growth and insects in a set of inbreds. Genes from 14 different inbreds that included ones with resistance and susceptibility to A. flavus, Fusarium proliferatum, F. verticillioides and F. graminearum and/or mycotoxin production were cloned using high fidelity enzymes, and sequenced. The sequence of Px5 from all resistant inbreds was identical, except for a single base change in two inbreds, only one of which affected the amino acid sequence. Conversely, the Px5 sequence from several susceptible inbreds had several base variations, some of which affected amino acid sequence that would potentially alter secondary structure, and thus enzyme function. The sequence of the maize peroxidase Px5 common to inbreds resistant to mycotoxigenic fungi was overexpressed in maize callus. Callus transformants overexpressing the gene caused significant reductions in growth for fall armyworms, corn earworms, and F. graminearum compared to transformant callus with a beta-glucuronidase gene. This study demonstrates rarer transcripts of potential resistance genes overlooked by expression screens can be identified by sequence comparisons. A role in pest resistance can be verified by callus expression of the candidate genes, which can thereby justify larger scale transformation and regeneration of transgenic plants expressing the resistance gene for further evaluation. C1 [Dowd, Patrick F.; Johnson, Eric T.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Dowd, PF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, 1815 Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM patrick.dowd@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 13 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 0918-9440 EI 1618-0860 J9 J PLANT RES JI J. Plant Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 129 IS 1 BP 13 EP 20 DI 10.1007/s10265-015-0770-3 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DA2TS UT WOS:000367649800003 PM 26659597 ER PT J AU Fei, SL Guo, QF Potter, K AF Fei, Songlin Guo, Qinfeng Potter, Kevin TI Macrosystems ecology: novel methods and new understanding of multi-scale patterns and processes SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Macrosystems ecology; Macroecology; Macroscale; Scaling; Heterogeneity ID MACROECOLOGY; SCALE; STATE AB As the global biomes are increasingly threatened by human activities, understanding of macroscale patterns and processes is pressingly needed for effective management and policy making. Macrosystems ecology, which studies multiscale ecological patterns and processes, has gained growing interest in the research community. However, as a relatively new field in ecology, research in macrosystems ecology is facing various challenges. In this special issue, we highlight the following two latest exciting developments in this thriving field: (1) novel tools and methods and (2) new understandings on macroscale patterns and processes. While we believe that the contributions featured in this issue provide promising advancements in macrosystems ecology, we also see multiple challenges for future research including (1) multidisciplinary approaches for long-term and multiscale studies and (2) scaling local patterns and processes to broader scales. C1 [Fei, Songlin] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guo, Qinfeng] USDA, Forest Serv Southern Res Stn, Durham, NC USA. [Potter, Kevin] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Durham, NC USA. RP Fei, SL (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sfei@purdue.edu OI Fei, Songlin/0000-0003-2772-0166; Potter, Kevin/0000-0002-7330-5345 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1007/s10980-015-0315-0 PG 6 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA DA2AR UT WOS:000367598200001 ER PT J AU Potter, KM Koch, FH Oswalt, CM Iannone, BV AF Potter, Kevin M. Koch, Frank H. Oswalt, Christopher M. Iannone, Basil V., III TI Data, data everywhere: detecting spatial patterns in fine-scale ecological information collected across a continent SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Big data; Ecological monitoring; Hotspots; Invasive plants; Mountain pine beetle; Wildfire ID AREAL UNIT PROBLEM; FOREST PLANT INVASIONS; MACROSYSTEMS ECOLOGY; HOT-SPOTS; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; STATISTICS; STATES; INDICATORS; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS AB Fine-scale ecological data collected across broad regions are becoming increasingly available. Appropriate geographic analyses of these data can help identify locations of ecological concern. We present one such approach, spatial association of scalable hexagons (SASH), which identifies locations where ecological phenomena occur at greater or lower frequencies than expected by chance. This approach is based on a sampling frame optimized for spatial neighborhood analysis, adjustable to the appropriate spatial resolution, and applicable to multiple data types. We divided portions of the United States into scalable equal-area hexagonal cells and, using three types of data (field surveys, aerial surveys, satellite imagery), identified geographic clusters of forested areas having high and low values for (1) invasive plant diversity and cover, (2) mountain pine beetle-induced tree mortality, and (3) wildland forest fire occurrences. Using the SASH approach, we detected statistically significant patterns of plant invasion, bark beetle-induced tree mortality, and fire occurrence density that will be useful for understanding macroscale patterns and processes associated with each forest health threat, for assessing its ecological and economic impacts, and for identifying areas where specific management activities may be needed. The presented method is a "big data" analysis tool with potential application for macrosystems ecology studies that require rigorous testing of hypotheses within a spatial framework. This method is a standard component of annual national reports on forest health status and trends across the United States and can be applied easily to other regions and datasets. C1 [Potter, Kevin M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Koch, Frank H.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Oswalt, Christopher M.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. [Iannone, Basil V., III] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Potter, KM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kpotter@ncsu.edu; fhkoch@fs.fed.us; coswalt@fs.fed.us; biannone@purdue.edu OI Koch, Frank/0000-0002-3750-4507; Potter, Kevin/0000-0002-7330-5345 FU USDA Forest Service [14-CS-11330110-042]; North Carolina State University [14-CS-11330110-042]; National Science Foundation MacroSystems Biology Grant [1241932] FX The authors thank Stan Zarnoch, Kurt Riitters, John Coulston, and Joe Spruce for their advice and assistance; Jeanine Paschke for her help with the aerial survey data; and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. The authors also thank the Forest Inventory and Analysis field crew members and the forest health aerial survey detection teams for their efforts to collect the data used in this study. This research was supported in part through Cost Share Agreement 14-CS-11330110-042 between the USDA Forest Service and North Carolina State University, and through a National Science Foundation MacroSystems Biology Grant (#1241932). NR 87 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 67 EP 84 DI 10.1007/s10980-015-0295-0 PG 18 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA DA2AR UT WOS:000367598200007 ER PT J AU Iannone, BV Potter, KM Hamil, KAD Huang, W Zhang, H Guo, QF Oswalt, CM Woodall, CW Fei, SL AF Iannone, Basil V., III Potter, Kevin M. Hamil, Kelly-Ann Dixon Huang, Whitney Zhang, Hao Guo, Qinfeng Oswalt, Christopher M. Woodall, Christopher W. Fei, Songlin TI Evidence of biotic resistance to invasions in forests of the Eastern USA SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Big data; Biomass; FIA Program; Invasive plants; Macrosystems; Niche; Evolutionary diversity; Taxonomic diversity ID CROSS-SCALE INTERACTIONS; PLANT INVASIONS; PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; MACROSYSTEMS ECOLOGY; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; SPECIES INVASIONS; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; UNITED-STATES; BIODIVERSITY AB Detecting biotic resistance to biological invasions across large geographic areas may require acknowledging multiple metrics of niche usage and potential spatial heterogeneity in associations between invasive and native species diversity and dominance. Determine (1) if native communities are resistant to biological invasions at macroscales; (2) the metrics that best quantify biotic resistance at these scales; and (3) the degree to which the direction and magnitude of invader-native associations vary with scale and/or location. Using a mixed-effects modeling framework to account for potential sub-regional and cross-scale variability in invader-native associations, we modeled the species richness and cover of invasive plants in 42,626 plots located throughout Eastern USA forests in relationship to plot-level estimates of native tree biomass, species richness, and evolutionary diversity. We found (1) native tree biomass and evolutionary diversity, but not species richness, to be negatively associated with invader establishment and dominance, and thus indicative of biotic resistance; (2) evidence that evolutionary diversity limits invader dominance more than it does invader establishment; (3) evidence of greater invasion resistance in parts of the agriculturally-dominated Midwest and in and around the more-contiguous forests of the Appalachian Mountains; and (4) the magnitude to which native tree biomass and evolutionary diversity limit invasion varies across the ranges of these metrics. These findings illustrate the improved understanding of biotic resistance to invasions that is gained by accounting for sub-regional variability in ecological processes, and underscores the need to determine the factors leading to spatial heterogeneity in biotic resistance. C1 [Iannone, Basil V., III; Fei, Songlin] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Potter, Kevin M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hamil, Kelly-Ann Dixon; Huang, Whitney; Zhang, Hao] Purdue Univ, Dept Stat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guo, Qinfeng] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Oswalt, Christopher M.] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. [Woodall, Christopher W.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. RP Iannone, BV (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM biannone@purdue.edu; sfei@purdue.edu OI Fei, Songlin/0000-0003-2772-0166; Potter, Kevin/0000-0002-7330-5345 FU NSF Macrosystems Biology Grant [1241932]; USDA Forest Service [13-JV11330110-043, 14-CS-11330110042]; North Carolina State University [13-JV11330110-043, 14-CS-11330110042] FX We would like to thank the many FIA workers who collected the data used in this investigation; Beth Schulz, Andrew Gray, and Chris Witt for helping to compile the data; Johanna Desprez and Jarrod Doucette for GIS-related advice; and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive criticisms and suggestions on how to improve this paper. This research was supported by NSF Macrosystems Biology Grant #1241932 and by a Research Joint Venture Agreement 13-JV11330110-043 and Cost Share Agreement 14-CS-11330110042 between the USDA Forest Service and North Carolina State University. NR 71 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 85 EP 99 DI 10.1007/s10980-015-0280-7 PG 15 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA DA2AR UT WOS:000367598200008 ER PT J AU Hall, SJ Learned, J Ruddell, B Larson, KL Cavender-Bares, J Bettez, N Groffman, PM Grove, JM Heffernan, JB Hobbie, SE Morse, JL Neill, C Nelson, KC O'Neil-Dunne, JPM Ogden, L Pataki, DE Pearse, WD Polsky, C Chowdhury, RR Steele, MK Trammell, TLE AF Hall, Sharon J. Learned, J. Ruddell, B. Larson, K. L. Cavender-Bares, J. Bettez, N. Groffman, P. M. Grove, J. M. Heffernan, J. B. Hobbie, S. E. Morse, J. L. Neill, C. Nelson, K. C. O'Neil-Dunne, J. P. M. Ogden, L. Pataki, D. E. Pearse, W. D. Polsky, C. Chowdhury, R. Roy Steele, M. K. Trammell, T. L. E. TI Convergence of microclimate in residential landscapes across diverse cities in the United States SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Urban homogenization; Residential lawn; Microclimate; Urban heat island (UHI); Humidity; Urban protected area ID URBAN HEAT-ISLAND; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND-COVER; PHOENIX; USA; HOMOGENIZATION; URBANIZATION; PREFERENCES; TEMPERATURE; VEGETATION AB The urban heat island (UHI) is a well-documented pattern of warming in cities relative to rural areas. Most UHI research utilizes remote sensing methods at large scales, or climate sensors in single cities surrounded by standardized land cover. Relatively few studies have explored continental-scale climatic patterns within common urban microenvironments such as residential landscapes that may affect human comfort. We tested the urban homogenization hypothesis which states that structure and function in cities exhibit ecological "sameness" across diverse regions relative to the native ecosystems they replaced. We deployed portable micrometeorological sensors to compare air temperature and humidity in residential yards and native landscapes across six U.S. cities that span a range of climates (Phoenix, AZ; Los Angeles, CA; Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN; Boston, MA; Baltimore, MD; and Miami, FL). Microclimate in residential ecosystems was more similar among cities than among native ecosystems, particularly during the calm morning hours. Maximum regional actual evapotranspiration (AET) was related to the morning residential microclimate effect. Residential yards in cities with maximum AET < 50-65 cm/year (Phoenix and Los Angeles) were generally cooler and more humid than nearby native shrublands during summer mornings, while yards in cities above this threshold were generally warmer (Baltimore and Miami) and drier (Miami) than native forests. On average, temperature and absolute humidity were similar to 6 % less variable among residential ecosystems than among native ecosystems from diverse regions. These data suggest that common residential land cover and structural characteristics lead to microclimatic convergence across diverse regions at the continental scale. C1 [Hall, Sharon J.; Learned, J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Ruddell, B.] Arizona State Univ, Fulton Sch Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Larson, K. L.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Larson, K. L.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Urban Planning & Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Cavender-Bares, J.; Hobbie, S. E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bettez, N.; Groffman, P. M.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Grove, J. M.] USDA Forest Serv, Baltimore Field Stn, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Heffernan, J. B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Morse, J. L.] Portland State Univ, Sch Environm, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Neill, C.] Ctr Ecosyst, Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Nelson, K. C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Nelson, K. C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [O'Neil-Dunne, J. P. M.] Univ Vermont, Spatial Anal Lab, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Ogden, L.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Anthropol, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Pataki, D. E.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Pearse, W. D.] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 0G4, Canada. [Pearse, W. D.] Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Polsky, C.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Ctr Environm Studies, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Chowdhury, R. Roy] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Steele, M. K.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Trammell, T. L. E.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Hall, SJ (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM sharonjhall@asu.edu RI Heffernan, James/D-1261-2010; OI Heffernan, James/0000-0001-7641-9949; Hobbie, Sarah/0000-0001-5159-031X; Morse, Jennifer/0000-0001-8872-4940 FU Macrosystems Biology Program at NSF [EF-1065548, 1065737, 1065740, 1065741, 1065772, 1065785, 1065831, 1241960, 121238320]; Earth Systems Modeling program at NSF [EF-1049251]; NSF Long-term Ecological Research Program in Baltimore (BES LTER) [DEB-0423476]; NSF Long-term Ecological Research Program in Phoenix (CAP LTER) [BCS-1026865]; NSF Long-term Ecological Research Program in Plum Island (PIE LTER Boston) [OCE-1058747, 1238212]; NSF Long-term Ecological Research Program in Cedar Creek (CDR LTER, Minneapolis-St Paul) [DEB-1234162]; NSF Long-term Ecological Research Program in Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE LTER, Miami) [DBI-0620409] FX We are grateful to numerous technical staff, students, and volunteers who assisted with microclimate data collection, including Erin Barton, Matthew Camba, Emma Dixon, La'Shaye Ervin, Caitlin Holmes, Richard McHorney, Miguel Morgan, Joseph Rittenhouse, Anna Royar, Jehane Samaha, Sydney Schiffner, Julea Shaw, Anissa Vega, Elisabeth Ward, and Megan Wheeler. We also thank Darrel Jenerette for reviewing an earlier draft of this manuscript. This project was supported by several collaborative grants from the Macrosystems Biology Program at NSF (EF-1065548, 1065737, 1065740, 1065741, 1065772, 1065785, 1065831, 1241960, and 121238320), and by the Earth Systems Modeling program at NSF (EF-1049251). This work was also supported in part by the NSF Long-term Ecological Research Program in Baltimore (BES LTER, DEB-0423476), Phoenix (CAP LTER, BCS-1026865), Plum Island (PIE LTER Boston; OCE-1058747 and 1238212), Cedar Creek (CDR LTER, Minneapolis-St Paul; DEB-1234162), and Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE LTER, Miami; DBI-0620409). NR 85 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 17 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 101 EP 117 DI 10.1007/s10980-015-0297-y PG 17 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA DA2AR UT WOS:000367598200009 ER PT J AU Riitters, K Wickham, J Costanza, JK Vogt, P AF Riitters, Kurt Wickham, James Costanza, Jennifer K. Vogt, Peter TI A global evaluation of forest interior area dynamics using tree cover data from 2000 to 2012 SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Spatial analysis; Forest fragmentation; Monitoring; Assessment ID HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; UNITED-STATES; ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLDS; MULTIPLE SCALES; TEMPORAL-CHANGE; LANDSCAPES; EDGES; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT AB Published maps of global tree cover derived from Landsat data have indicated substantial changes in forest area from 2000 to 2012. The changes can be arranged in different patterns, with different consequences for forest fragmentation. Thus, the changes in forest area do not necessarily equate to changes in forest sustainability. The objective is to assess global and regional changes in forest fragmentation in relation to the change of forest area from 2000 to 2012. Using published global tree cover data, forest and forest interior areas were mapped in 2000 and 2012. The locations of forest interior change were compared to the locations of overall forest change to identify the direct (pixel level) and indirect (landscape level) components of forest interior change. The changes of forest interior area were compared to the changes of total forest area in each of 768 ecological regions. A 1.71 million km(2) (3.2 %) net loss of global forest area translated to a net loss of 3.76 million km(2) (9.9 %) of forest interior area. The difference in loss rates was consistent in most of the 768 ecological regions. The indirect component accounted for 2.44 million km(2) of the net forest interior change, compared to 1.32 million km(2) that was attributable to the direct component. Forest area loss alone from 2000 to 2012 underestimates ecological risks from forest fragmentation. In addition to the direct loss of forest, there was a widespread shift of the remaining global forest to a more fragmented condition. C1 [Riitters, Kurt] USDA, Southern Res Stn, Forest Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wickham, James] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Costanza, Jennifer K.] N Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Vogt, Peter] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. RP Riitters, K (reprint author), USDA, Southern Res Stn, Forest Serv, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kriitters@fs.fed.us OI Costanza, Jennifer/0000-0002-3747-538X FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development FX We thank M. Hansen, his colleagues, and Google Earth Engine for the global forest change maps. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to EPA review and approved for publication. NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 12 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 137 EP 148 DI 10.1007/s10980-015-0270-9 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA DA2AR UT WOS:000367598200011 ER PT J AU Wang, WJ He, HS Thompson, FR Fraser, JS Dijak, WD AF Wang, Wen J. He, Hong S. Thompson, Frank R., III Fraser, Jacob S. Dijak, William D. TI Landscape- and regional-scale shifts in forest composition under climate change in the Central Hardwood Region of the United States SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Abundance; Harvest; Succession; Demography; LANDIS PRO; US Forest Service Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; HABITAT MODELS; CHANGE IMPACTS; RANGE SHIFTS; LANDIS PRO; DYNAMICS; DISTRIBUTIONS; BIODIVERSITY; UNCERTAINTY; PREDICTIONS AB Tree species distribution and abundance are affected by forces operating at multiple scales. Niche and biophysical process models have been commonly used to predict climate change effects at regional scales, however, these models have limited capability to include site-scale population dynamics and landscape-scale disturbance and dispersal. We applied a landscape modeling approach that incorporated three levels of spatial hierarchy (pixel, landtype, and ecological subsection) to model regional-scale shifts in forest composition under climate change. To determine (1) how importance value of individual species will change under the PCM B1 and GFDL A1FI modeling scenarios and (2) how overall forest composition at different spatial scales will change under these climate change scenarios in the short, medium, and long term in the Central Hardwood Forest Region (CHFR). We used LANDIS PRO to predict forest composition changes from 2000 to 2300 accounting for climate change, population dynamics, dispersal, and harvest in the CHFR. We analyzed forest composition shifts under alternative climate scenarios and at multiple spatial scales. Shifts in forest composition were greater under the GFDL A1FI than the PCM B1 modeling scenarios and were greatest at the scale of ecological sections followed by forest sub-regions and the whole CHFR. Forest composition shifted toward more southern and xeric species and lesser northern and mesic species. We suggest it is essential to include site- and landscape-scale processes in models and to evaluate changes at multiple spatial and temporal scales when evaluating changes in species composition due to climate change and disturbance. C1 [Wang, Wen J.; He, Hong S.; Fraser, Jacob S.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III; Dijak, William D.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP He, HS (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, 203 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM wangwenj@missouri.edu; heh@missouri.edu; fraserjs@missouri.edu; frthompson@fs.fed.us; wdijak@fs.fed.us FU U.S.D.A. Forest Service Northern Research Station and Eastern Region; Department of Interior USGS Northeast Climate Science Center; University of Missouri-Columbia FX This project was funded by the U.S.D.A. Forest Service Northern Research Station and Eastern Region, the Department of Interior USGS Northeast Climate Science Center graduate and post-doctoral fellowships, and the University of Missouri-Columbia. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 149 EP 163 DI 10.1007/s10980-015-0294-1 PG 15 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA DA2AR UT WOS:000367598200012 ER PT J AU Gilbert, MK Mack, BM Wei, QJ Bland, JM Bhatnagar, D Cary, JW AF Gilbert, Matthew K. Mack, Brian M. Wei, Qijian Bland, John M. Bhatnagar, Deepak Cary, Jeffrey W. TI RNA sequencing of an nsdC mutant reveals global regulation of secondary metabolic gene clusters in Aspergillus flavus SO MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; Aflatoxin; Secondary metabolites; nsdC; RNA-sequencing ID ENHANCED ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE GENE; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION; SECTION FLAVI; NIDULANS; BIOSYNTHESIS; VEA; EXPRESSION; ORYZAE AB The filamentous fungus, Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) is an opportunistic pathogen capable of invading a number of crops and contaminating them with toxic secondary metabolites such as aflatoxins. Characterizing the molecular mechanisms governing growth and development of this organism is vital for developing safe and effective strategies for reducing crop contamination. The transcription factor nsdC has been identified as being required for normal asexual development and aflatoxin production in A. flavus. Building on a previous study using a large (L)-sclerotial morphotype A. flavus nsdC mutant we observed alterations in conidiophore development and loss of sclerotial and aflatoxin production using a nsdC mutant of a small (S)-sclerotial morphotype, that normally produces aflatoxin and sclerotia in quantities much higher than the t-morphotype. RNA sequencing analysis of the nsdC knockout mutant and isogenic control strain identified a number of differentially expressed genes related to development and production of secondary metabolites, including aflatoxin, penicillin and aflatrem. Further, RNA-seq data indicating down regulation of aflatrem biosynthetic gene expression in the nsdC mutant correlated with HPLC analyses showing a decrease in aflatrem levels. The current study expands the role of nsdC as a globally acting transcription factor that is a critical regulator of both asexual reproduction and secondary metabolism in A. flavus. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Gilbert, Matthew K.; Mack, Brian M.; Wei, Qijian; Bland, John M.; Bhatnagar, Deepak; Cary, Jeffrey W.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Cary, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM jeff.cary@ars.esda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX We would like to thank Shannon Beltz and Carol Carter-Wientjes for their technical expertise with microscopy, TLC, and HPLC. Alexis Payne and Darlene Downey helped conduct the qPCR experiments. This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0944-5013 J9 MICROBIOL RES JI Microbiol. Res. PY 2016 VL 182 BP 150 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.micres.2015.08.007 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DA5RU UT WOS:000367861000016 PM 26686623 ER PT J AU Yee, WL Klaus, MW AF Yee, Wee L. Klaus, Michael W. TI Implications of Rhagoletis zephyria Snow, 1894 (Diptera: Tephritidae) captures for apple maggot surveys and fly ecology in Washington State, USA SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Rhagoletis pomonella; hawthorn; snowberry; yellow sticky traps; aculeus length; climate ID CHERRY FRUIT-FLY; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; HOST-PLANT USE; POMONELLA DIPTERA; ABUNDANCE; RECORDS; RACES; SHAPE AB The apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh, 1867) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is an introduced quarantine pest of apple, Malus domestica Borkhausen (Rosaceae), in Washington State, U.S.A.A morphologically similar native fly, Rhagoletis zephyria Snow, 1894, infests snow-berries, Symphoricarpos spp. (Caprifoliaceae), and is also present in Washington. Although it is not a pest of apples, R. zephyria is caught on sticky yellow rectangles baited with ammonia deployed for R. pomonella, which could have implications for apple maggot surveys and understanding differences in the ecology of the flies. Here, we report the relative abundance of R. zephyria and R. pomonella on traps placed in apple maggot host trees during surveys, including in the dry apple-growing regions of central and eastern Washington. Rhagoletis zephyria outnumbered R. pomonella on traps from 3 to 1102 times to one, increasing times required for accurate species identifications and implying that traps that are more specific for R. pomonella would be useful. Despite the high numbers of R. zephyria caught, >94% of all female flies could be identified to species, suggesting that R. zephyria minimally affected the accuracy of surveys. Detections of both fly species were lower in drier than wetter locations; however, mean annual precipitation was more positively correlated with R. pomonella than with R. zephyria captures. The greater relative abundance of native R. zephyria in drier counties implies that it is better adapted to central and eastern Washington than is the invasive R. pomonella or that habitat factors in these regions favor R. zephyria abundance. C1 [Yee, Wee L.] ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Klaus, Michael W.] Washington State Dept Agr, Plant Protect Div, Yakima, WA 98902 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM wee.yee@ars.usda.gov; mklaus@agr.wa.gov NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA C/O CALIFORNIA ACADEMY SCIENCES, 875 HOWARD STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-3009 USA SN 0031-0603 EI 2162-0237 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 91 IS 4 BP 305 EP 317 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DA5AV UT WOS:000367815400002 ER PT J AU Westcott, RL Haines, RD Hishinuma, SM Nelson, LJ Seybold, SJ AF Westcott, Richard L. Haines, R. Dennis Hishinuma, Stacy M. Nelson, Lori J. Seybold, Steven J. TI Chrysobothris analis LeConte, 1860 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) discovered in California with notes on Chrysobothris wintu Wellso & Manley, 2007 SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; NORTH; USA C1 [Westcott, Richard L.] Oregon Dept Agr, Plant Div, Salem, OR 97301 USA. [Haines, R. Dennis] Tulare Agr Commissioner Sealers Off, Tulare, CA 93274 USA. [Hishinuma, Stacy M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Nelson, Lori J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Seybold, Steven J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Seybold, SJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, HDH001 Orchard Pk Dr,Room 116, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM rwestcott@oda.state.or.us; DHaines@co.tulare.ca.us; smhishin@ucdavis.edu; lnelson@fs.fed.us; sjseybold@gmail.com NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA C/O CALIFORNIA ACADEMY SCIENCES, 875 HOWARD STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-3009 USA SN 0031-0603 EI 2162-0237 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 91 IS 4 BP 337 EP 341 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DA5AV UT WOS:000367815400004 ER PT J AU Yashwanth, BL Shotorban, B Mahalingam, S Lautenberger, CW Weise, DR AF Yashwanth, B. L. Shotorban, B. Mahalingam, S. Lautenberger, C. W. Weise, D. R. TI A numerical investigation of the influence of radiation and moisture content on pyrolysis and ignition of a leaf-like fuel element SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Computational; Pyrolysis; Live fuels; Cellulose; Ignition ID FIRE SPREAD; HEAT-TRANSFER; CELLULOSE PYROLYSIS; THERMAL-DEGRADATION; COMBUSTION; WOOD; MODELS; LIGNIN; STATE; BED AB The effects of thermal radiation and moisture content on the pyrolysis and gas-phase ignition of a solid fuel element containing high moisture content were investigated using the coupled Gpyro3D/FDS models. The solid fuel has dimensions of a typical Arctostaphylos glandulosa leaf which is modeled as thin cellulose subjected to radiative heating on one side. We incorporated a five-step extended Broido-Shafizadeh reaction model for thermal degradation, moisture evaporation, and pyrolysis of cellulose in Gpyro3D. The solid-phase model was successfully validated against published data. Ignition of the modeled leaf-like fuel element at three initial moisture contents (5%, 40%, or 80%) exposed to a 1500 K radiant source was simulated. Lower moisture content resulted in earlier onset of pyrolysis and ignition resulting in higher solid and gas phase temperatures. Local moisture evaporation and temperature rise were observed in all three cases and a significant amount of moisture remained in the sample during ignition. The numerical results suggested that moisture content not only affected the process of pyrolysis, but also influenced the ignition and gas phase combustion of the solid fuel. (C) 2015 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yashwanth, B. L.; Shotorban, B.; Mahalingam, S.] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Lautenberger, C. W.] Reax Engn Inc, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Weise, D. R.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Shotorban, B (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM babak.shotorban@uah.edu OI Mahalingam, Shankar/0000-0002-4543-7201 FU Joint Fire Sciences Program [11-1-4-19]; University of Alabama in Huntsville FX The first three authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Joint Fire Sciences Program project 11-1-4-19 administered by the USDA Forest Service PSW Research Station through cooperative agreement 11-JV-11272167-103 with The University of Alabama in Huntsville. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JAN PY 2016 VL 163 BP 301 EP 316 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.10.006 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA CZ7KP UT WOS:000367278600024 ER PT J AU Zelinka, SL Glass, SV Boardman, CR Derome, D AF Zelinka, Samuel L. Glass, Samuel V. Boardman, Charles R. Derome, Dominique TI Comparison of the corrosion of fasteners embedded in wood measured in outdoor exposure with the predictions from a combined hygrothermal-corrosion model SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Carbon steel; Zinc; Modelling studies; Weight loss ID 100-PERCENT RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; AQUEOUS TIMBER PRESERVATIVES; ZINC-BASED MATERIALS; TREATED WOOD; THREADED FASTENER; BLACK LIQUOR; SURFACE-AREA; STEEL; TANNINS; RATES AB This paper examines the accuracy of a recently developed hygrothermal-corrosion model which predicts the corrosion of fasteners embedded in wood by comparing the results of the model to a one year field test. Steel and galvanized steel fasteners were embedded into untreated and preservative treated wood and exposed outdoors while weather data were collected. Qualitatively, the distribution of corrosion products along the length of the fastener were in agreement with the simulation results. Quantitatively, the combined hygrothermal-corrosion model predicted 20% less corrosion than measured in the exposure test for galvanized steel fasteners due to a lower simulated moisture content. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zelinka, Samuel L.; Glass, Samuel V.; Boardman, Charles R.] US Forest Serv, Bldg & Fire Sci, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Derome, Dominique] Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich ETHZ, Chair Bldg Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Zelinka, SL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Bldg & Fire Sci, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM szelinka@fs.fed.us OI Zelinka, Samuel/0000-0002-1348-7730; Boardman, Charles/0000-0002-9571-5601 FU US Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory FX This work was funded by the US Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory. The authors acknowledge the assistance of Tom Kuster in producing the scanning electron microscopy images. The manuscript was prepared by US government employees on official time and is therefore in the public domain and not subject to copyright. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0010-938X EI 1879-0496 J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 102 BP 178 EP 185 DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.10.007 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA CZ7JM UT WOS:000367275700018 ER PT J AU Quance, C Robbe-Austerman, S Stuber, T Brignole, T DeBess, EE Boyd, L LeaMaster, B Tiller, R Draper, J Humphrey, S Erdman, MM AF Quance, Christine Robbe-Austerman, Suelee Stuber, Tod Brignole, Tom DeBess, Emilio E. Boyd, Laurel LeaMaster, Brad Tiller, Rebekah Draper, Jenny Humphrey, Sharon Erdman, Matthew M. TI Identification of Source of Brucella suis Infection in Human by Using Whole-Genome Sequencing, United States and Tonga SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FRAMEWORK AB Brucella suis infection was diagnosed in a man from Tonga, Polynesia, who had butchered swine in Oregon, USA. Although the US commercial swine herd is designated brucellosis-free, exposure history suggested infection from commercial pigs. We used whole-genome sequencing to determine that the man was infected in Tonga, averting a field investigation. C1 [Quance, Christine; Robbe-Austerman, Suelee; Stuber, Tod; Erdman, Matthew M.] Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Brignole, Tom] Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Tumwater, WA USA. [DeBess, Emilio E.; Boyd, Laurel] Oregon Hlth Author, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [LeaMaster, Brad] Oregon Dept Agr, Salem, OR USA. [Tiller, Rebekah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Draper, Jenny; Humphrey, Sharon] Minist Primary Ind, Hlth Anim Lab, Wallaceville, New Zealand. RP Robbe-Austerman, S (reprint author), Natl Vet Serv Labs, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Suelee.Robbe-Austerman@aphis.usda.gov OI Draper, Jenny/0000-0002-6916-6442 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 79 EP 82 DI 10.3201/eid2201.150843 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CZ9LE UT WOS:000367418300013 PM 26689610 ER PT J AU Jin, WC He, HS Thompson, FR AF Jin, Wenchi He, Hong S. Thompson, Frank R., III TI Are more complex physiological models of forest ecosystems better choices for plot and regional predictions? SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Process-based forest ecosystem models; Carbon; Model comparison; Decadal scale; Plot scale; Regional scale ID NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION APPROACH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL CHANGE; GAP MODELS; OAK FOREST; BIOMASS; GROWTH AB Process-based forest ecosystem models vary from simple physiological, complex physiological, to hybrid empirical-physiological models. Previous studies indicate that complex models provide the best prediction at plot scale with a temporal extent of less than 10 years, however, it is largely untested as to whether complex models outperform the other two types of models at plot and regional scale in longer timeframe (i.e. decades). We compared model predictions of aboveground carbon by one representative model of each model type (PnET-II, ED2 and LINKAGES v2.2, respectively) with field data (19-77 years) at both scales in the Central Hardwood Forests of the United States. At plot scale, predictions by complex physiological model were the most concordant with field data, suggesting that physiological processes are more influential than forest composition and structure. Hybrid model provided the best predictions at regional scale, suggesting that forest composition and structure may be more influential than physiological processes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jin, Wenchi; He, Hong S.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP He, HS (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, 203 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM HeH@missouri.edu FU Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center graduate fellowship; University of Missouri GIS Mission Enhancement Program; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station FX Funding for this work was provided by a Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center graduate fellowship, the University of Missouri GIS Mission Enhancement Program, and the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station. We thank Jerry Van Sambeek, Stephen Shifley, John Kabrick and Todd Hutchinson for providing field data, Christopher Wikle, William Dijak, Ke Zhang, Brice Hanberry and Jeffrey Schneiderman for their technical support, and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions, which greatly improved the manuscript. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 75 SI SI BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.10.004 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ4XI UT WOS:000367105900001 ER PT J AU Wright, MS Lax, AR AF Wright, Maureen S. Lax, Alan R. TI Improved mortality of the Formosan subterranean termite by fungi, when amended with cuticle-degrading enzymes or eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitors SO FOLIA MICROBIOLOGICA LA English DT Article ID BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; PAECILOMYCES-FUMOSOROSEUS; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; BACTERIAL-INFECTIONS; NODULATION RESPONSES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BIOCONTROL AGENT; CHITINASE; VIRULENCE AB Formosan subterranean termites (FST) were exposed to strains of Beauveria pseudobassiana (Bpb) and Isaria fumosorosea (Ifr) to determine virulence of the fungi. Once lethality was determined, sublethal doses of Bpb were combined with enzymes capable of degrading the insect cuticle to measure the potential to enhance fungal infection. Bpb applied to FST in combination with proteinases and a chitinase caused increased mortality over the fungus alone. Mortality was enhanced when Ifr was applied to FST in combination with a chitinase isolated from Serratia marcesans. A lipase isolated from Pseudomonas cepacia, when combined with Ifr, also resulted in greater mortality than all control treatments. FST were also exposed to the eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitors (EBIs) dexamethasone (DEX), ibuprofen (IBU), and ibuprofen sodium salt (IBUNA), in combination with Ifr. Combining Ifr with IBUNA caused significantly increased mortality on days 6, 7, and 9. Cuticle-degrading enzymes and EBIs may have potential to enhance the pathogenic effect of a fungal control agent against the Formosan subterranean termite. C1 [Wright, Maureen S.; Lax, Alan R.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Wright, MS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Maureen.Wright@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0015-5632 EI 1874-9356 J9 FOLIA MICROBIOL JI Folia Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 61 IS 1 BP 73 EP 83 DI 10.1007/s12223-015-0412-0 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DA2BV UT WOS:000367601200010 PM 26122366 ER PT J AU Qin, JW Chao, KL Kim, M Cho, BK AF Qin, Jianwei Chao, Kuanglin Kim, Moon S. Cho, Byoung-Kwan TI Line-Scan Macro-scale Raman Chemical Imaging for Authentication of Powdered Foods and Ingredients SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; Chemical imaging; Food powders; Adulteration; Food safety; Food authentication ID BENZOYL PEROXIDE; WHEAT-FLOUR; SPECTROSCOPY; ADULTERATION; NIR; MELAMINE; QUALITY; SAFETY; SYSTEM; HPLC AB Adulteration and fraud for powdered foods and ingredients are rising food safety risks that threaten consumers' health. In this study, a newly developed line-scan macro-scale Raman imaging system using a 5-W 785-nm line laser as excitation source was used to authenticate food powders. The system was used to collect hyperspectral Raman images in a wave number range of 102-2865 cm(-1) from three representative food powders mixed with selected chemical adulterants with a concentration of 0.5 %, including milk powder and melamine, wheat flour and benzoyl peroxide, and corn starch and maleic anhydride. An acoustic mixer that generates high-intensity acoustic waves was used to create food-adulterant mixtures. Maximum penetration depths of the line laser through powders of milk, flour, and starch were all estimated at 3 mm using layered food-on-adulterant samples. All the mixed samples were placed in sample holders with a surface area of 50 mm x 50 mm and a depth of 3 mm to ensure the adulterant particles at the very bottom can still be detected. Raman spectral and image processing algorithms were developed based on fluorescence correction and single-band images at unique Raman peaks of the individual adulterants. Chemical images were created to show identification, spatial distribution, and morphological features of the adulterant particles mixed in the food powders. The potential of estimating mass concentrations of the adulterants using the percentages of the adulterant pixels in the chemical images (i.e., volume concentrations) was also demonstrated. C1 [Qin, Jianwei; Chao, Kuanglin; Kim, Moon S.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cho, Byoung-Kwan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Taejon 305764, South Korea. RP Chao, KL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 303,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kevin.chao@ars.usda.gov FU Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Republic of Korea FX This research was partially supported by High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Republic of Korea. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-5130 EI 1935-5149 J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH JI Food Bioprocess Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 9 IS 1 BP 113 EP 123 DI 10.1007/s11947-015-1605-x PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA DA1EO UT WOS:000367539300008 ER PT J AU Edme, SJ Davidson, RW Zhao, DL Comstock, JC Sandhu, HS Glaz, B Milligan, S Hu, CJ Sood, S McCorkle, K Gilbert, RA Glynn, NC AF Edme, Serge J. Davidson, R. Wayne Zhao, Duli Comstock, Jack C. Sandhu, Hardev S. Glaz, Barry Milligan, Scott Hu, Chen-Jian Sood, Sushma McCorkle, Katherine Gilbert, Robert A. Glynn, Neil C. TI Registration of 'CPCL 05-1201' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID BIPLOT ANALYSIS; GENOTYPE; FLORIDA; TRIALS; ENVIRONMENT AB 'CPCL 05-1201' (Reg. No. CV-163, PI 672485) is a sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) hybrid cultivar bred by United States Sugar Corporation, tested in the breeding program led by the USDA-ARS, University of Florida, and Florida Sugarcane League, and released to Florida growers in October 2012. CPCL 05-1201 combines the high-sucrose genes of its female parent (CL 872882) with the high tonnage genes of its male parent (CL 932679). In the final selection stage, CPCL 05-1201 was compared with 21 genotypes for 3 yr (2008-2012) on organic and sand soils in south Florida and the freeze tolerance tested for 2 yr (2011-2013) in north Florida. CPCL 05-1201 is recommended for planting on muck and sand soils and for the successive cropping system. On muck, CPCL 05-1201 yielded 5 to 10% higher sucrose than reference cultivars 'CP 78-1628' and 'CP 89-2143'. On sand, CPCL 05-1201 yielded sucrose comparable to CP 89-2143 and 4% more than CP 78-1628. Owing to high tonnage and moderate level of sucrose, CPCL 05-1201 was 11% more profitable on muck and 26% more profitable on sand than CP 78-1628 or CP 89-2143. No yield decline was observed with CPCL 05-1201 under the successive system. In addition, CPCL 05-1201 is resistant to the most important diseases in Florida, except for Sugarcane yellow leaf virus. CPCL 05-1201 has the Bru1 gene in its genome and is resistant to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow) and orange rust [ caused by P. kuehnii (Kruger) E. Butler]. CPCL 05-1201 has comparable freeze tolerance to CP89-2143 to mild and severe freeze conditions. C1 [Edme, Serge J.; Zhao, Duli; Comstock, Jack C.; Glaz, Barry; Sood, Sushma; McCorkle, Katherine] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Sandhu, Hardev S.; Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Milligan, Scott] Monsanto Co, Vegetable Seeds Div, Felda, FL 33930 USA. [Hu, Chen-Jian] US Sugar Corp, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Glynn, Neil C.] Syngenta Seeds, Longmont, CO 80501 USA. RP Edme, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM serge.edme@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 14 EP 21 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.07.0049crc PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600004 ER PT J AU Sandhu, HS Gilbert, RA Comstock, JC Gordon, VS Korndorfer, P Arundale, RA El-Hout, N AF Sandhu, Hardev S. Gilbert, Robert A. Comstock, Jack C. Gordon, Vanessa S. Korndoerfer, Pedro Arundale, Rebecca A. El-Hout, Nael TI Registration of 'UFCP 82-1655' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; BIOMASS AB 'UFCP 82-1655' (Reg. No. CV-164; PI 673050), a high fiber and low sucrose sugarcane, also called energy cane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum sp.), was developed through the collaborative effort of the University of Florida (UF) and the USDA-ARS, Canal Point (CP) for its potential use in cellulosic ethanol production in Florida. UFCP 82-1655 has moderate to high resistance against smut (caused by Sporisorium scitamineum). UFCP 82-1655 did not have any natural infestation of brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow), orange rust (caused by P. kuehnii), mosaic (caused by Sugarcane mosaic virus) and leaf scald [ caused by Xanthomonas albilinenas (Ashby) Dawson]. Dry biomass yield (soluble plus insoluble dry weight) of UFCP 82-1655 was not significantly different from 'L 79-1002'. Averaged across different crop cycles (plant cane, first ratoon, second ratoon, and third ratoon) at three locations in Florida (Citra, Tecan and Lykes Bros. farms), mean dry biomass yield of UFCP 82-1655 was 32.7 Mg ha(-1) compared with 30.6 Mg ha(-1) for the reference check, L 79-1002. Plant composition (% fiber) of UFCP 82-1655 is composed of 41.7% cellulose, 27.9% hemicellulose, 22.6% lignin, 2.6% nonstructural ash, 2% structural ash, and 1.6% structural protein, which is quite similar to L 79-1002. UFCP 82-1655 is released to enhance genetic diversity and to improve disease resistance in energy cane. C1 [Sandhu, Hardev S.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Comstock, Jack C.; Gordon, Vanessa S.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Korndoerfer, Pedro] Florida Crystals, South Bay, FL 33493 USA. [Arundale, Rebecca A.] BP Biofuels North Amer, Houston, TX 77079 USA. [El-Hout, Nael] BP Biofuels North Amer, Orlando, FL 32896 USA. RP Sandhu, HS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, 3200 E Palm Beach Rd, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. EM hsandhu@ufl.edu OI Gordon, Vanessa S/0000-0001-6490-6985 NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 22 EP 27 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.10.0074crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600005 ER PT J AU Liu, L Barnett, MD Griffey, CA Malla, S Brooks, WS Seago, JE Butler, H Thomason, WE Rucker, EG Behl, HD Pitman, RM Dunaway, DW Vaughn, ME Custis, JT Seabourn, B Chen, R Fountain, M Marshall, D Graybosch, RA Divis, LA Hansen, LE Cowger, C Cambron, S Jin, Y Beahm, BR Hardiman, TH Lin, CJ Mennel, DF Mennel, DL AF Liu, L. Barnett, M. D. Griffey, C. A. Malla, S. Brooks, W. S. Seago, J. E. Butler, H. Thomason, W. E. Rucker, E. G. Behl, H. D. Pitman, R. M. Dunaway, D. W. Vaughn, M. E. Custis, J. T. Seabourn, B. Chen, R. Fountain, M. Marshall, D. Graybosch, R. A. Divis, L. A. Hansen, L. E. Cowger, C. Cambron, S. Jin, Y. Beahm, B. R. Hardiman, T. H. Lin, C. J. Mennel, D. F. Mennel, D. L. TI Registration of 'LCS Wizard' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID QUALITY AB The objective of this research was to develop widely adapted hard winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties to meet the needs of mills, bakeries, and consumers in the eastern and Great Plains regions of the United States. 'LCS Wizard' (Reg. No. CV-1111, PI 669574), a hard red winter (HRW) wheat, was developed and tested as VA08HRW-80 and co-released by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and Limagrain Cereal Seeds, LLC in 2013. LCS Wizard was derived from the three-way cross S.6742/92PAN1#33//92PIN#107 using a modified bulk breeding method. LCS Wizard is a widely adapted, high-yielding, awned, semidwarf (Rht1) HRW wheat with midseason spike emergence and resistance or moderate resistance to diseases prevalent in the mid-Atlantic and Great Plains regions. In the 2014 Uniform Bread Wheat Trial conducted over 17 locations in eastern states, LCS Wizard produced an average grain yield of 4717 kg ha(-1), similar to 'Vision 45' (4650 kg ha(-1)). In the northern Great Plains, the average grain yield over 54 locations in 2012 of LCS Wizard (4419 kg ha(-1)) was slightly lower than that of 'Overland' (4659 kg ha(-1)). In the southern Great Plains, its average grain yield (3844 kg ha(-1)) over 85 locations was slightly higher than that of Fuller (3757 kg ha(-1)). LCS Wizard has acceptable end-use quality in both the eastern and Great Plains regions of the United States. C1 [Liu, L.; Griffey, C. A.; Malla, S.; Brooks, W. S.; Seago, J. E.; Thomason, W. E.; Rucker, E. G.; Behl, H. D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Barnett, M. D.] Limagrain Cereal Seeds LLC, Wichita, KS 67204 USA. [Butler, H.] Limagrain Cereal Seeds LLC, Ft Collins, CO 80520 USA. [Pitman, R. M.; Dunaway, D. W.; Vaughn, M. E.] Eastern Virginia Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Warsaw, VA 22572 USA. [Custis, J. T.] Eastern Shore Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Painter, VA 23420 USA. [Seabourn, B.; Chen, R.] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Qual Lab, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Fountain, M.; Marshall, D.; Cowger, C.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Graybosch, R. A.; Divis, L. A.; Hansen, L. E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Cambron, S.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Jin, Y.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA. [Beahm, B. R.] Virginia Fdn Seed Stocks Farm, Mt Holly, VA 22524 USA. [Hardiman, T. H.] Virginia Crop Improvement Assoc, Mechanicsville, VA 23116 USA. [Lin, C. J.; Mennel, D. F.; Mennel, D. L.] Mennel Milling Co, Fostoria, OH 44830 USA. RP Griffey, CA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM cgriffey@vt.edu FU Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Virginia Small Grains Board; Virginia Agricultural Council; Virginia Crop Improvement Association; Mennel Milling Company; USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture [2011-68002-30029] FX LCS Wizard was developed with financial support from the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, the Virginia Small Grains Board, the Virginia Agricultural Council, the Virginia Crop Improvement Association, the Mennel Milling Company, and the USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service. This material is based on work supported by the Hatch Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture under Agreement N. 2011-68002-30029. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 28 EP 35 DI 10.3198/jpr2015.06.0035crc PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600006 ER PT J AU Chen, J Wheeler, J O'Brien, K Zhao, W Klassen, N Zhang, J Bowman, B Wang, Y Jackson, C Marshall, JM Chen, XM AF Chen, J. Wheeler, J. O'Brien, K. Zhao, W. Klassen, N. Zhang, J. Bowman, B. Wang, Y. Jackson, C. Marshall, J. M. Chen, X. M. TI Registration of 'UI Platinum' Hard White Spring Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; UNITED-STATES; STRIPE RUST AB 'UI Platinum' (Reg. No. CV-1112, PI 672533) hard white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station and released in 2014. UI Platinum was derived from the cross 'Blanca Grande' x 'Jerome' and tested under experimental numbers A01178S, IDO694, and IDO694C. UI Platinum was released for its improved grain yield and desirable bread and whole grain end-use quality in irrigated and high rainfall production areas. Grain yield, end-use quality, and resistance to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici) of UI Platinum are better or equivalent to the three widely grown hard white spring cultivars 'SnowCrest', 'WB Idamax', and 'WB Paloma'. UI Platinum is also 1 to 2 d earlier and 2 to 3 cm shorter than WB Idamax and WB Paloma. The University of Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station will maintain breeder and foundation seed of UI Platinum. This cultivar is protected under the US Plant Variety Protection Title V and all seed requests should be sent to the inventor/breeder during the period of protection. Registered and certified seed production and sales will be handled by LimaGrain Cereal Seeds and Lansing Trade Group LLC. C1 [Chen, J.; Wheeler, J.; O'Brien, K.; Zhao, W.; Klassen, N.; Bowman, B.; Jackson, C.; Marshall, J. M.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Zhang, J.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wang, Y.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, 1693 S 2700 S, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM jchen@uidaho.edu FU Idaho Wheat Commission; Idaho Agricultural Experimental Station; National Research Initiative Competitive Grants [2006-55606-16629]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [Triticeae-CAP 2011-68002-30029] FX UI Platinum was developed with financial support from the Idaho Wheat Commission; the Idaho Agricultural Experimental Station Hatch Projects; the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants 2006-55606-16629; and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Triticeae-CAP 2011-68002-30029. The authors are grateful to growers who provided technical support and land for trials. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 36 EP 40 DI 10.3198/jpr2015.06.0037crc PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600007 ER PT J AU Van Sanford, DA Clark, AJ Hershman, D Brown-Guedira, GL Cowger, C Dong, YH Baik, BK AF Van Sanford, David A. Clark, Anthony J. Hershman, Don Brown-Guedira, Gina L. Cowger, Christina Dong, Yanhong Baik, Byung-Kee TI Registration of 'Pembroke 2014' Soft Red Winter Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM-HEAD-BLIGHT; RESISTANCE; DEOXYNIVALENOL; FHB1 AB The Kentucky wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop is always at risk for Fusarium head blight (FHB) because of the prevalent grain crop rotation used by farmers. Corn (Zea mays L.) is followed by wheat, which is followed by double-crop soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The wheat crop is planted directly into corn stubble that harbors the causal fungus for FHB, Fusarium graminearum Schwabe. Therefore, developing FHB-resistant winter wheat cultivars is a major goal of the wheat breeding program in Kentucky. 'Pembroke 2014' (Reg. No. CV-1113, PI 675564) is an early maturing, semidwarf soft red winter wheat cultivar developed and released in 2014 by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station for the combination of resistance to FHB, high yield potential, excellent test weight, and resistance to lodging. Pembroke 2014 was developed from the cross '25R18'/KY92C-0010-17//KY96C-0767-1. 25R18 is a soft red winter wheat cultivar with FHB resistance that likely traces to 'Sumai 3' or one of its derivatives. KY92C-0010-17 is a breeding line derived from the cross T63/VA85-54-290. KY96C-0767-1 is derived from the cross '2552'/VA92-51-12. The cross was made in 2003, and Pembroke 2014 was initially selected from F-4: 5 headrows in 2008 using a modified bulk breeding method. Selected rows that gave rise to Pembroke 2014, tested as KY03C-1237-32, carried the resistance allele at a major FHB resistance quantitative trait locus, Fhb1. Pembroke 2014 was extensively tested in multilocation replicated yield trials, the Uniform Eastern Soft Red Winter Wheat Nursery, the Uniform Northern Scab Nursery, and the Kentucky Wheat Variety Trial. C1 [Van Sanford, David A.; Clark, Anthony J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Hershman, Don] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina L.; Cowger, Christina] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Dong, Yanhong] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Baik, Byung-Kee] USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Van Sanford, DA (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM dvs@uky.edu FU Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station; Kentucky Small Grains Promotion Council; Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project - USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029]; USDA-ARS [59-0206-9-054] FX We thank John Connelley and Carolyn Swanson for their excellent technical assistance. Pembroke 2014 was developed with financial support from the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, the Kentucky Small Grains Promotion Council, the Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project grant #2011-68002-30029, funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and the USDA-ARS, under Agreement No. 59-0206-9-054, which is a cooperative project with the US Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 41 EP 46 DI 10.3198/jpr2015.07.0045crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600008 ER PT J AU Zeng, LH Manning, RO Meredith, WR AF Zeng, Linghe Manning, Rex O. Meredith, William R., Jr. TI Registration of Cotton Germplasm Line, MD 10-5 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB MD 10-5 (Reg. No. GP-999, PI 675077) is a noncommercial breeding line of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) released by the USDA-ARS at Stoneville, MS, in 2015. MD 10-5 was selected in F-5 progenies from a cross between MD 15 (PI 642769) and JJ 1145ne. MD 10-5 has a desirable combination between lint yield and fiber properties, especially fiber strength. It produces lint yield higher than or comparable to the high-yielding commercial cultivars and possesses fiber strength higher than or close to noncommercial germplasm lines known for high fiber quality. Other fiber properties including fiber length, elongation, uniformity, micronaire, and yarn tenacity were generally comparable to the high fiber quality checks. MD 10-5 was mainly selected and evaluated in the mid-south United States, but it was also evaluated across 14 locations in the US Cotton Belt. It displays a broad adaptation to different environments in the US cotton production regions. MD 10-5 provides opportunities for cotton breeders to improve both lint yield and fiber quality in upland cotton. C1 [Zeng, Linghe; Manning, Rex O.; Meredith, William R., Jr.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jamie Whitten Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Zeng, LH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jamie Whitten Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM linghe.zeng@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [6402-21000-051-00D] FX This research was funded by USDA-ARS, Project No. 6402-21000-051-00D. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 47 EP 50 DI 10.3198/jpr2015.08.0047crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600009 ER PT J AU Mbulwe, L Peterson, GC Scott-Armstrong, J Rooney, WL AF Mbulwe, Lloyd Peterson, Gary C. Scott-Armstrong, J. Rooney, William L. TI Registration of Sorghum Germplasm Tx3408 and Tx3409 with Tolerance to Sugarcane Aphid [Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner)] SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID HEMIPTERA APHIDIDAE; RESISTANCE AB The sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] germplasm lines Tx3408 (ATx3408, Reg. No. GP-838, PI 675360; BTx3408, Reg. No. GP-839, PI 675361) and Tx3409 (ATx3409, Reg. No. GP-840, PI 675362; BTx3409, Reg. No. GP-841, PI 675363) were developed and released from Texas A&M Agrilife Research in 2015 because they possess high levels of tolerance to the sugarcane aphid [Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)]. Both of these lines were developed from intentional crosses using the pedigree method of plant breeding. The breeding crosses for these lines were made in College Station, TX, with selection and advancement made in multiple locations across Texas. Screening for sugarcane aphid (SCA) resistance/tolerance was completed in field and greenhouse environments where SCA pressure varied among environments. All of these lines express consistently high levels of tolerance to sugarcane aphid infestation; they are not immune when SCA is present, but they do not accumulate high numbers of SCA and exhibit fewer phenotypic effects typically associated with SCA infestation. They provide the sorghum industry with sources of tolerance to the SCA in an elite and diverse genetic background. C1 [Mbulwe, Lloyd; Rooney, William L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Peterson, Gary C.] Texas A&M Agrilife Res & Extens Ctr, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Scott-Armstrong, J.] USDA ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Rooney, WL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM wlr@tamu.edu NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 24 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 51 EP 56 DI 10.3198/jpr2015.04.0025crg PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600010 ER PT J AU Klein, RR Miller, FR Bean, S Klein, PE AF Klein, R. R. Miller, F. R. Bean, S. Klein, P. E. TI Registration of 40 Converted Germplasm Sources from the Reinstated Sorghum Conversion Program SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID GENOME AB Forty sources of late-maturing sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] germplasm registered with the National Plant Germplasm System as genetic stocks (Reg. No. GS-744, PI 674473 to Reg. No. GS-783, PI 674512) were converted to early-maturing, dwarf-height BC1F3 families and released by the National Sorghum Foundation, the United Sorghum Checkoff Program, the USDA-ARS, and NuSeed/MMR Genetics in 2014. The sorghum working groups represented include zerazera, caudatum, conspicuum, durra, nandyal, nigricans, guineense, caudatum-kafir, caudatum-guineense, caudatum-nigricans, caudatum-durra, durra-kafir, durra-bicolor, caffrorum-bicolor, and durra-dochna. Conversion was accomplished by crossing late-maturing tropical accessions to inbred BTx406 in a short-day nursery with selection of early-maturing, short genotypes within F-2 segregating populations in a long-day nursery. Early-flowering short F-2 selections were genotyped, and one F-2 plant with the greatest proportion of the exotic genome from each accession was backcrossed to the plant introduction. The resulting BC1F1 was self-pollinated, and selections of early-maturing, short genotypes within BC1F2 segregating populations were made. Early-flowering, short BC1F2 selections were genotyped, and one BC1F2 plant with the greatest proportion of the exotic genome was self-pollinated. The BC1F2:3 families, RSC02-BC1-10-F-3 bk to RSC149-BC1-12-F-3 bk, represent new sources of germplasm from the USDA-ARS sorghum collection readily usable in temperate zones worldwide. C1 [Klein, R. R.] Texas A&M Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Klein, R. R.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Miller, F. R.] NuSeed MMR Genet LLC, Vega, TX 79092 USA. [Bean, S.] USDA ARS, Grain Qual & Struct Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Klein, P. E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Klein, P. E.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Klein, PE (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM pklein@tamu.edu FU United Sorghum Checkoff Program; USDA-ARS; NuSeed and MMR Genetics LLC FX Financial support for the development of this germplasm came from the United Sorghum Checkoff Program and from funds provided by the USDA-ARS (to R.R. Klein) and NuSeed and MMR Genetics LLC (to F.R. Miller). Special thanks to J.C. McCollum (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical assistance, and our gratitude is extended to the entire staff of NuSeed and MMR Genetics LLC. We thank the members of the USDA-ARS's Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, GA (USA), for helpful consultation and for provision of seed samples of tropical sorghum accessions. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 57 EP 61 DI 10.3198/jpr2015.05.0034crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600011 ER PT J AU Gillen, AM Paris, RL Arelli, PR Smith, JR Mengistu, A AF Gillen, Anne M. Paris, Robert L. Arelli, Prakash R. Smith, James R. Mengistu, Alemu TI Registration of Soybean Germplasm Line DB04-10836 with High Yield Potential and Resistance to Soybean Cyst Nematode SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID POPULATIONS; HARTWIG AB New soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] lines with high yield potential are needed by public and private soybean breeders. Soybean germplasm line DB04-10836 (Reg. No. GP-398, PI 674010), a late maturity group V (relative maturity 5.8) line, was developed by the USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS. It is a conventional germplasm line with high yield potential and resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe Race 3) populations, moderate resistance to southern root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood], and resistance to southern stem canker [caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. var. meridionalis F. A. Fernondez]. DB04-10836 was derived from the cross DT99-16788 x J00-2. The plant population was advanced from the F-2 to F-3 by the single-pod bulk method and then advanced to the F-5 generations by bulk increase. DB04-10836 is derived from a single-plant selection from the F-5 population. It was tested in multiple environments in USDA-ARS tests in Mississippi, the Uniform Soybean Tests-Southern States, and the Mississippi Soybean Variety Trials. In the Uniform Tests over 64 trials at 23 locations from 2009 to 2011, DB04-10836 ranked highest for yield, was significantly higher yielding than both check cultivars 'Osage' and '5002T' at Pine Tree, AR, and was significantly higher yielding than 5002T at Suffolk, VA. Neither of these checks are resistant to SCN Race 3; therefore, DB04-10836 will be useful as a high-yielding SCN resistant parent for cultivar development. C1 [Gillen, Anne M.; Smith, James R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Paris, Robert L.] Cedarville Univ, Dept Sci & Math, Cedarville, OH 45314 USA. [Arelli, Prakash R.; Mengistu, Alemu] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. RP Gillen, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, POB 345,141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM anne.gillen@ars.usda.gov FU USDA FX Funding for this research was provided by the USDA and supplemented by the United Soybean Board. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 62 EP 68 DI 10.3198/jpr2015.04.0029crg PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600012 ER PT J AU Ma, GJ Seiler, GJ Markell, SG Gulya, TJ Qi, LL AF Ma, G. J. Seiler, G. J. Markell, S. G. Gulya, T. J. Qi, L. L. TI Registration of Two Double Rust Resistant Germplasms, HA-R12 and HA-R13 for Confection Sunflower SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PUCCINIA-HELIANTHI; NORTH-DAKOTA; DIVERSITY; AUSTRALIA; GENOME AB Two confection sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) germplasms, HA-R12 (Reg. No. GP-333, PI 673104) and HA-R13 (Reg. No. GP-334, PI 673105), were developed by the USDA-ARS, Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit, Fargo, ND, in collaboration with the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, and released in July 2014. Sunflower rust (caused by Puccinia helianthi Schwein.) is a major yield-and quality-limiting factor for sunflower production worldwide. Because of the evolution of new rust pathotypes, it is important to combine multiple resistance genes into one sunflower genotype to overcome the newly emerging virulent races. HA-R12 and HA-R13 were developed by the pedigree method and DNA marker-assisted selection. HA-R12 harbors the rust resistance (R) genes, R-2 from MC29 (AUS) and R-13a from HA-R6. HA-R13 contains R-5 from HA-R2 and R-13a from HA-R6. Marker testing and rust resistance evaluation confirmed that HA-R12 and HA-R13 each separately harbors two rust resistance genes in the homozygous condition, with both lines showing high levels of resistance to rust races 336 and 777, a predominant race and one of the most virulent races currently identified in the United States, respectively. HA-R12 and HA-R13 will provide urgently needed rust resistance genes that can be incorporated into commercial confection hybrids, providing broad-spectrum rust resistance. C1 [Ma, G. J.; Markell, S. G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Seiler, G. J.; Gulya, T. J.; Qi, L. L.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Qi, LL (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM lili.qi@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-AMS [12-25-B-1480]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5442-21000-039-00D] FX We thank Angelia Hogness and Marjorie Olson for technical assistance. This project was supported by the USDA-AMS Cooperative Agreement 12-25-B-1480 and the USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 5442-21000-039-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this report is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.3198/jpr2015.05.0033crg PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600013 ER PT J AU Carver, BF Smith, CM Chuang, WP Hunger, RM Edwards, JT Yan, LL Brown-Guedira, G Gill, BS Bai, GH Bowden, RL AF Carver, Brett F. Smith, C. Michael Chuang, Wen-Po Hunger, Robert M. Edwards, Jeffrey T. Yan, Liuling Brown-Guedira, Gina Gill, Bikram S. Bai, Guihua Bowden, Robert L. TI Registration of OK05312, a High-Yielding Hard Winter Wheat Donor of Cmc4 for Wheat Curl Mite Resistance SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID STREAK-MOSAIC-VIRUS; SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; LEAF RUST; GERMPLASM; IDENTIFICATION; CULTIVARS; EFFICACY; VECTOR; USA AB Wheat streak mosaic (WSM) is a devastating disease in the High Plains region that is advancing eastward toward lower elevations. Its control is best achieved by combining known disease resistance genes with resistance to the insect vector. A hard red winter (HRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm line, OK05312 (Reg. No. GP-995, PI 670019), was co-developed by Oklahoma State University, Kansas State University, the Wheat Genetics Resource Center, and USDA-ARS and released in 2014. It possesses gene Cmc4 and confers strong resistance to the wheat curl mite (WCM, Aceria tosichella Keifer). OK05312 is an F-4-derived line from the double cross TX93V5919/KS96WGRC40//OK94P549/KS96WGRC34 and is expected to provide an improved source of Cmc4 over KS96WGRC40. OK94P549 was the parent line from which HRW cultivar Endurance was selected. OK05312 was released for its high grain yield potential in a late-maturing background with resistance to the with resistance to the wheat soil-borne mosaic-wheat spindle streak mosaic complex and acceptable milling and baking quality. Hence, OK05312 provides wheat breeders an alternative source of WCM resistance and a critical component to mitigate yield losses to WSM and other WCM-transmitted viruses. C1 [Carver, Brett F.; Edwards, Jeffrey T.; Yan, Liuling] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Smith, C. Michael; Chuang, Wen-Po] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hunger, Robert M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bai, Guihua; Bowden, Robert L.] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Carver, BF (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM brett.carver@okstate.edu OI CHUANG, WEN-PO/0000-0001-6937-3583 FU KAES; Kansas Wheat Commission; Kansas Wheat Alliance; OAES; Oklahoma Wheat Research Foundation; National Research Initiative [2011-68002-30029]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture NC-IPM grant [11397624]; NSF WGRC I/IUCRC [IIP-1338897]; USDA-CSREES [2010-34198-20812] FX OK05312 was developed with financial support of the KAES, Kansas Wheat Commission, Kansas Wheat Alliance, the OAES, and the Oklahoma Wheat Research Foundation. Molecular characterization was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2011-68002-30029 (Triticeae-CAP). C.M. Smith and W-P. Chuang acknowledge the financial support of USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture NC-IPM grant 11397624; B.S. Gill acknowledges financial support from NSF WGRC I/IUCRC contract IIP-1338897; and B.F. Carver acknowledges financial support via USDA-CSREES special research grants from 1997 to 2010, with the final grant numbered 2010-34198-20812. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 75 EP 79 DI 10.3198/jpr2015.04.0026crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600014 ER PT J AU Scully, BT Krakowsky, MD Ni, X Tapp, PJ Knoll, JE Lee, RD Guo, BZ AF Scully, B. T. Krakowsky, M. D. Ni, X. Tapp, P. J. Knoll, J. E. Lee, R. D. Guo, B. Z. TI Registration of Maize Inbred Line GT888 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID AFLATOXIN ACCUMULATION; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; GERMPLASM LINES; CORN HYBRIDS; PARENTAL LINE; RESISTANCE; CONTAMINATION; INSECT; GEM AB Maize (Zea mays L.) inbred line GT888 (PL-364, PI 670116) was developed and released by the USDA-ARS in cooperation with the University of Georgia and in participation with the USDA Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (GEM) project. GT888 was derived from GEM population DK888: N11 (GEMN-0177), which has 50% tropical and 50% temperate parentage. GT888 is a yellow dent inbred that was selected through a pedigree breeding program for improved resistance to aflatoxin contamination produced by the causal organism Aspergillus flavus (Link: Fr.). It was compared with three inbreds, Mp313E, Mp717, and Mp719, which are known standards that resist aflatoxin contamination. GT888 also exhibits heterosis when crossed to stiff stalk testers B14, B73, and LH132 and was assigned to the non-stiff stalk group. GT888 tasseled and silked approximately 5 to 8 d later than a cohort of non-stiff stalk standards. C1 [Scully, B. T.; Guo, B. Z.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Krakowsky, M. D.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Tapp, P. J.; Knoll, J. E.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Lee, R. D.] Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Scully, BT (reprint author), 5585 Guilford Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM brian.scully@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 87 EP 92 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.04.0024crp PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600016 ER PT J AU Eujayl, I Strausbaugh, C Lu, CS AF Eujayl, Imad Strausbaugh, Carl Lu, Chunsheng TI Registration of Sugarbeet Doubled Haploid Line KDH13 with Resistance to Beet Curly Top SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID BETA-VULGARIS L; UNPOLLINATED OVULES; PLANTS; CULTURE; VIRUS AB KDH13 (Reg. No. GS-10, PI 663862) is a sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris) doubled haploid line released as a genetic stock by USDA-ARS in cooperation with the Beet Sugar Development Foundation, Denver, CO. KDH13 is resistant to beet curly top (BCT) caused by Beet curly top virus, which is transmitted by the beet leafhopper (Circulifer tenellus Baker). This line was extracted from the BCT-resistant parental line C762-17 (PI 560130) that segregates for BCT resistance and genetic male sterility. Intensive phenotypic screening was used to select plants from C762-17 that showed no BCT symptoms under controlled infection conditions in the greenhouse. Seed from a single plant was used as a donor of floral buds for isolation of unfertilized ovaries to regenerate KDH13 via gynogenesis. It was confirmed a diploid by flow cytometry. This line's genome was sequenced via next-generation sequencing, and its assembly was designated BvvSeq-1. Homozygosity of KHD13 was confirmed using single nucleotide polymorphisms. It is monogerm and self-fertile, and it requires at least 90 d of vernalization to induce bolting. KDH13 showed no BCT symptoms in the greenhouse and showed better resistance than commercial checks field screening experiments. In crosses with a BCT-susceptible line, KDH13 demonstrated its suitability as a donor parent for introduction of curly top resistance genes. C1 [Eujayl, Imad; Strausbaugh, Carl] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Lu, Chunsheng] Plant Sci Inc, Watsonville, CA 95076 USA. RP Eujayl, I (reprint author), 5585 Guilford Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM imad.eujayl@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 93 EP 96 DI 10.3198/jpr2015.09.0055crgs PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DA0YD UT WOS:000367522600017 ER PT J AU Price, AJ Monks, CD Culpepper, AS Duzy, LM Kelton, JA Marshall, MW Steckel, LE Sosnoskie, LM Nichols, RL AF Price, A. J. Monks, C. D. Culpepper, A. S. Duzy, L. M. Kelton, J. A. Marshall, M. W. Steckel, L. E. Sosnoskie, L. M. Nichols, R. L. TI High-residue cover crops alone or with strategic tillage to manage glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in southeastern cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE conservation tillage; cotton; cover crops; resistant weeds ID CONSERVATION-TILLAGE; WEED MANAGEMENT; NONTRANSGENIC COTTON; GEORGIA COTTON; EMERGENCE; SYSTEMS; YIELD; SOIL; HERBICIDE; ROTATION AB Glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats) is redefining row crop weed management in the southeast United States due to its widespread distribution, high competitive ability, copious seed production, and resilience against standard weed management programs. Herbicides alone are failing to provide adequate control of GR Palmer amaranth; thus, use of conventional tillage is increasing in the Southeast in order to control GR Palmer amaranth. Cultural practices consistent with maintenance of conservation tillage were evaluated to determine if they could suppress weeds in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). An on-farm research and demonstration project was initiated in the fall of 2009 in Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, and Tennessee to address well-founded concerns that conservation tillage systems were at risk because of GR Palmer amaranth. The research continued in certain states for two additional years. Cultural practices contrasted in the conservation tillage system were a no-till planted high-residue cover crop, one-time fall inversion tillage followed by the planting of a high-residue cover crop, and winter fallow only without a cover crop. Cover crop biomass yields varied from 570 to 6,790 kg ha(-1) (509 to 6,063 lb ac(-1)) depending on location, type of cover crop, planting date, and environment. Fall inversion tillage increased cover crop biomass at all locations, likely due to preparation of a favorable seed bed for seedling establishment or alleviation of soil compaction or both. One-time fall inversion tillage reduced the number of GR Palmer amaranth escapes compared with the other treatments. Where GR Palmer amaranth densities were relatively low (approximately 1,000 plants ha-1 [405 plants ac-1] or fewer), there were few differences in the number of GR Palmer amaranth escapes among treatments. Where GR Palmer amaranth densities were relatively high (18,000 plants ha-1 [7,284 plants ac-1] or greater), winter fallow systems had higher Palmer amaranth densities escaping weed management programs compared to either cover crop system. The number of Palmer amaranth escapes declined exponentially as a function of cover crop biomass regardless of tillage. For sites with two years of data, no year by treatment interaction was detected, indicating that relative GR Palmer amaranth escape densities were sustained in each treatment for two seasons. Trends in cotton yields were the opposite of those for Palmer amaranth escapes. High-residue cover crops tended to suppress Palmer amaranth and increase cotton lint yields. However, no cultural management system consistently netted greater returns than other systems across locations and years. C1 [Price, A. J.; Duzy, L. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Monks, C. D.; Kelton, J. A.] Auburn Univ, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Culpepper, A. S.; Sosnoskie, L. M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA USA. [Marshall, M. W.] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forestry & Environm Sci, Blackville, SC USA. [Steckel, L. E.] Univ Tennessee Knoxville, Dept Plant Sci, Jackson, TN USA. [Nichols, R. L.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC USA. RP Price, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. FU USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Conservation Innovation Grant; Auburn University; Clemson University; Cotton Incorporated; University of Georgia; University of Tennessee FX This research and demonstration project was funded in part by a USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Conservation Innovation Grant with matching funds provided by Auburn University, Clemson University, Cotton Incorporated, The University of Georgia, and The University of Tennessee. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 23 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 71 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.2489/jswc.71.1.1 PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA DA0AV UT WOS:000367460000005 ER PT J AU Sanderson, MA Liebig, MA Hendrickson, JR Kronberg, SL Toledo, D Derner, JD Reeves, JL AF Sanderson, Matt A. Liebig, Mark A. Hendrickson, John R. Kronberg, Scott L. Toledo, David Derner, Justin D. Reeves, Justin L. TI A century of grazing: The value of long-term research SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE C1 [Sanderson, Matt A.; Liebig, Mark A.; Hendrickson, John R.; Kronberg, Scott L.; Toledo, David] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Derner, Justin D.; Reeves, Justin L.] Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY USA. RP Sanderson, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 71 IS 1 BP 5A EP 8A DI 10.2489/jswc.71.1.5A PG 4 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA DA0AV UT WOS:000367460000001 ER PT J AU Williams, MR King, KW Ford, W Fausey, NR AF Williams, Mark R. King, Kevin W. Ford, William Fausey, Norman R. TI Edge-of-field research to quantify the impacts of agricultural practices on water quality in Ohio SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; DRAINAGE; INDEX C1 [Williams, Mark R.; King, Kevin W.; Fausey, Norman R.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Ford, William] USDA ARS, Columbus, OH USA. RP Williams, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 71 IS 1 BP 9A EP 12A DI 10.2489/jswc.71.1.9A PG 4 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA DA0AV UT WOS:000367460000002 ER PT J AU King, KW Williams, MR Fausey, NR AF King, K. W. Williams, M. R. Fausey, N. R. TI Effect of crop type and season on nutrient leaching to tile drainage under a corn-soybean rotation SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE agriculture; crop rotation; nutrients; seasonal variability; subsurface drain-age; water quality ID SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; WATER-QUALITY; NITRATE LOSS; AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE; PHOSPHORUS TRANSPORT; NITROGEN; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; ILLINOIS; RUNOFF AB Subsurface tile drainage is a significant pathway for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) transport from agricultural fields. The objective of this study was to evaluate N and P loss through tile drainage under corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) production in a corn-soybean rotation typical of agricultural management across the eastern Corn Belt of the US Midwest. Differences in nutrient concentrations and loadings between crop type and between growing (GS) and nongrowing seasons (NGS) were assessed. From 2005 through 2012, discharge and water quality were monitored at three end-of-tile locations that had estimated contributing areas ranging from 7.7 to 14.9 ha (19.0 to 36.8 ac) in a headwater watershed in central Ohio, United States. Nitrate-N (NO3-N) and dissolved reactive P (DRP) were the primary (> 75%) forms of N and P in drainage water. DRP concentration and loading was not significantly different between crop types, but differed significantly by season. Mean weekly DRP concentration (0.22 mg L-1 [0.22 ppm]) was greater during the GS, while mean weekly DRP load (0.010 kg ha(-1) [0.009 lb ac(-1)]) was greater in the NGS. In comparison, NO3-N concentration and load was dependent on the interaction between crop type and season, with the greatest NO3-N concentration (17.1 mg L-1) observed during the GS under corn production. Differences in N and P loss to tile drains were attributed to the timing of nutrient application and differences in seasonal discharge. Practices such as cover crops and drainage water management that target nutrient transport in the NGS should be explored as a means to decrease annual N and P loads. Adherence to recommended 4R nutrient stewardship (right fertilizer source, right rate, right time, and right placement) practices should also help minimize nutrient leaching to tile drains under a corn-soybean rotation. C1 [King, K. W.; Williams, M. R.; Fausey, N. R.] USDA ARS, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP King, KW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 17 U2 64 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 71 IS 1 BP 56 EP 68 DI 10.2489/jswc.71.1.56 PG 13 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA DA0AV UT WOS:000367460000010 ER PT J AU Manale, A Hyberg, S Key, N Mooney, S Napier, TL Ribaudo, M AF Manale, A. Hyberg, S. Key, N. Mooney, S. Napier, T. L. Ribaudo, M. TI Climate change and US agriculture: Opportunities for conservation to reduce and mitigate emissions and to support adaptation to rapid change SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID METHANE EMISSIONS; ENTERIC METHANE; UNITED-STATES; COCONUT OIL; ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; WATERSHED-SCALE; BEEF HEIFERS; DAIRY-COWS; BENEFITS; POLICY C1 [Key, N.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Mooney, S.] Boise State Univ, Coll Business & Econ, Econ, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Napier, T. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Ribaudo, M.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Richmond, VA USA. RP Manale, A (reprint author), APM Associates, Washington, DC 20549 USA. NR 116 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 15 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 71 IS 1 BP 69 EP 81 DI 10.2489/jswc.71.1.69 PG 13 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA DA0AV UT WOS:000367460000011 ER PT J AU Sheley, R Boyd, C Dobrowolski, J Hardegree, S James, J Mangold, J AF Sheley, Roger Boyd, Chad Dobrowolski, James Hardegree, Stuart James, Jeremy Mangold, Jane TI Editorial: A Scientifically Rigorous and User-Friendly Rangeland Ecology & Management SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Sheley, Roger; Boyd, Chad] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Dobrowolski, James] USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Hardegree, Stuart] USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [James, Jeremy] Sierra Foothill Res & Extens Ctr, Browns Valley, CA 95918 USA. [Mangold, Jane] Montana State Univ, Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Sheley, R (reprint author), 67826-A HWY 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM roger.sheley@oregonstate.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 69 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/j.rama.2015.10.013 PG 3 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ8YY UT WOS:000367386200001 ER PT J AU Williams, CJ Pierson, FB Spaeth, KE Brown, JR Al-Hamdan, OZ Weltz, MA Nearing, MA Herrick, JE Boll, J Robichaud, PR Goodrich, DC Heilman, P Guertin, DP Hernandez, M Wei, HY Hardegree, SP Strand, EK Bates, JD Metz, LJ Nichols, MH AF Williams, C. Jason Pierson, Frederick B. Spaeth, Kenneth E. Brown, Joel R. Al-Hamdan, Osama Z. Weltz, Mark A. Nearing, Mark A. Herrick, Jeffrey E. Boll, Jan Robichaud, Peter R. Goodrich, David C. Heilman, Phillip Guertin, D. Phillip Hernandez, Mariano Wei, Haiyan Hardegree, Stuart P. Strand, Eva K. Bates, Jonathan D. Metz, Loretta J. Nichols, Mary H. TI Incorporating Hydrologic Data and Ecohydrologic Relationships into Ecological Site Descriptions SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; ecological site; erosion; infiltration; monitoring; multiple stable states; rangeland; rangeland health; resilience; Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model; runoff; state-and-transition models ID JUNIPERUS-OCCIDENTALIS WOODLAND; SOIL-EROSION THRESHOLDS; WESTERN JUNIPER; SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; TRANSITION MODELS; GREAT-BASIN; RANGELAND HYDROLOGY; INTERRILL RUNOFF; SOUTHERN ARIZONA; PRESCRIBED-FIRE AB The purpose of this paper is to recommend a framework and methodology for incorporating hydrologic data and ecohydrologic relationships in Ecological Site Descriptions (ESDs) and thereby enhance the utility of ESDs for assessing rangelands and guiding resilience-based management strategies. Resilience-based strategies assess and manage ecological state dynamics that affect state vulnerability and, therefore, provide opportunities to adapt management. Many rangelands are spatially heterogeneous or sparsely vegetated where the vegetation structure strongly influences infiltration and soil retention. Infiltration and soil retention further influence soil water recharge, nutrient availability, and overall plant productivity. These key ecohydrologic relationships govern the ecologic resilience of the various states and community phases on many rangeland ecological sites (ESs) and are strongly affected by management practices, land use, and disturbances. However, ecohydrologic data and relationships are often missing in ESDs and state-and-transition models (STMs). To address this void, we used literature to determine the data required for inclusion of key ecohydrologic feedbacks into ESDs, developed a framework and methodology for data integration within the current ESD structure, and applied the framework to a select ES for demonstrative purposes. We also evaluated the utility of the Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model (RHEM) for assessment and enhancement of ESDs based in part on hydrologic function. We present the framework as a broadly applicable methodology for integrating ecohydrologic relationships and feedbacks into ESDs and resilience-based management strategies. Our proposed framework increases the utility of ESDs to assess rangelands, target conservation and restoration practices, and predict ecosystem responses to management. The integration of RHEM technology and our suggested framework on ecohydrologic relations expands the ecological foundation of the overall ESD concept for rangeland management and is well aligned with resilience-based, adaptive management of US rangelands. The proposed enhancement of ESDs will improve communication between private land owners and resource managers and researchers across multiple disciplines in the field of rangeland management. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Range Management. C1 [Williams, C. Jason; Pierson, Frederick B.; Al-Hamdan, Osama Z.; Hardegree, Stuart P.] ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Spaeth, Kenneth E.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Cent Natl Technol Support Ctr, Ft Worth, TX 76115 USA. [Brown, Joel R.; Herrick, Jeffrey E.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Weltz, Mark A.] ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, USDA, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Nearing, Mark A.; Goodrich, David C.; Heilman, Phillip; Nichols, Mary H.] ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Boll, Jan] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Boll, Jan] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Robichaud, Peter R.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Guertin, D. Phillip; Hernandez, Mariano; Wei, Haiyan] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Strand, Eva K.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Bates, Jonathan D.] ARS, Range & Meadow Forage Management Res, USDA, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Metz, Loretta J.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Resource Assessment Div, Conservat Effects Assessment Project CEAP Modelin, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Williams, CJ (reprint author), ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Pk Blvd,Suite 105, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM jason.williams@ars.usda.gov OI Williams, Jason/0000-0002-6289-4789 NR 111 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 25 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 69 IS 1 BP 4 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.rama.2015.10.001 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ8YY UT WOS:000367386200002 ER PT J AU Kealiikanakaoleohaililani, K Giardina, C AF Kealiikanakaoleohaililani, Kekuhi Giardina, Christian P. TI Embracing the sacred: an indigenous framework for tomorrow's sustainability science SO SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Hawaii; Aloha aina; Malama aina; Love; Relationship ID CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT AB Mahalo (thank you) for reading our paper. What you will find is an attempt to synthesize and compare the strengths and weaknesses of Indigenous and Western perspectives on sustainability and a proposed path leading to the integration of these two perspectives into a sustainability framework that considers resources as much more than commodities. We enter into this discussion with 50 years of experience between us, both of us products of our experimentation with the integration that we are advocating. From this experimentation, we have concluded that sacred relationship must be the foundation of any successful sustainability effort, with success achieved only when resource management practices and policies engage the spirit and are aligned with equitable and respectful interactions among human and non-human. By sacred, we refer to those sentiments, actions, and commitments that emerge from spirit-based relationships that are founded on love, respect, care, intimate familiarity, and reciprocal exchange. By spirit, we refer to that which gives life to the material body, the enigma that is our collective conscious, subconscious, and unconscious beings. In formulating this paper, we made three assumptions: (1) the need to shift our spiritual selves, and our collective weight and resulting ecological footprints, is fully evidenced by the failure of purely Western approaches to sustain the social and biophysical world around us; (2) each and every citizen of our planet contributes to both sustainability's advancement and its demise; and (3) by engaging the spirit and reclaiming sacredness in all our relationships, we can help move the Earth community towards her fullest potential of wellbeing. Our hope here is that we are able to grow the connections among a nascent but rapidly evolving transformational vision for sustainability, the enlightened thinking of contemporaries, and inspired ancestral knowledge. To facilitate the continued emergence of this transformative vision, we marry Western sustainability concepts to an Indigenous sacredness framework. C1 [Kealiikanakaoleohaililani, Kekuhi] Hawaii Community Coll, Humanities Dept, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Giardina, Christian P.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Kealiikanakaoleohaililani, K (reprint author), Hawaii Community Coll, Humanities Dept, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM ohaililani@gmail.com RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073 FU National Science FX This paper resulted from a 2012 National Science Funded workshop entitled: Weaving Indigenous and Sustainability Sciences: Diversifying our Methods. We thank our workshop host, Evergreen State College in Olympia, Washington; workshop organizers, especially Jay Johnson and Renee Pualani Fisher; and other workshop participants, who over the course of three days, provided much inspiration for this paper. We thank Paul Hessburg, Marla Emery, Tamara Ticktin, and Frank Lake for important insights into how integration of multiple knowledge systems can support efforts to foster sustainability. We thank Tamara Ticktin, Kealoha Kinney, Chris Heider, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 18 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 1862-4065 EI 1862-4057 J9 SUSTAIN SCI JI Sustain. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 BP 57 EP 67 DI 10.1007/s11625-015-0343-3 PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ8JZ UT WOS:000367347300006 ER PT J AU Dockry, MJ Hall, K Van Lopik, W Caldwell, CM AF Dockry, Michael J. Hall, Katherine Van Lopik, William Caldwell, Christopher M. TI Sustainable development education, practice, and research: an indigenous model of sustainable development at the College of Menominee Nation, Keshena, WI, USA SO SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Indigenous wisdom; Sustainability models; Sustainability education; Menominee; Tribal Colleges and Universities ID TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE; SCIENCE; MANAGEMENT; INSTITUTIONS; ENVIRONMENT; AUTOCHTHONY; POLITICS; RETURN AB The College of Menominee Nation Sustainable Development Institute's theoretical model (SDI model) conceptualizes sustainable development as the process of maintaining the balance and reconciling the inherent tensions among six dimensions of sustainability: land and sovereignty; natural environment (including human beings); institutions; technology; economy; and human perception, activity, and behavior. Each dimension is understood to be dynamic, both internally and in relationship to each of the other five dimensions. Change within one dimension will impact other dimensions in a continual process of change. Change can be externally driven or inherent to the dynamic nature of any of the six dimensions. Sustainable development is a continual and iterative process. A central concept of the model is based on the experience of the Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin and their profound sense of place and relationship with the land that has allowed their community to recognize and balance the tensions among model dimensions through time. This paper provides a detailed description of the SDI model and its development and concludes with short examples illustrating how the model has been used for course design and delivery in higher education, interdisciplinary community planning, and participatory research. C1 [Dockry, Michael J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hall, Katherine; Van Lopik, William] Coll Menominee Nation, Keshena, WI 54135 USA. [Caldwell, Christopher M.] Coll Menominee Nat, Sustainable Dev Inst, Keshena, WI 54135 USA. RP Dockry, MJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mdockry@fs.fed.us NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 1862-4065 EI 1862-4057 J9 SUSTAIN SCI JI Sustain. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 BP 127 EP 138 DI 10.1007/s11625-015-0304-x PG 12 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ8JZ UT WOS:000367347300011 ER PT J AU Torkzaban, S Bradford, SA AF Torkzaban, Saeed Bradford, Scott A. TI Critical role of surface roughness on colloid retention and release in porous media SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Colloid; Porous media; DLVO theory; Retention; Release ID SECONDARY ENERGY MINIMUM; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; IONIC-STRENGTH; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; SATURATED COLUMNS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DLVO INTERACTION; PARTICLE-SIZE; GLASS-BEADS; GRAIN-SIZE AB This paper examines the critical role of surface roughness (both nano- and micro-scale) on the processes of colloid retention and release in porous media under steady-state and transient chemical conditions. Nanoscale surface roughness (NSR) in the order of a few nanometers, which is common on natural solid surfaces, was incorporated into extended-DLVO calculations to quantify the magnitudes of interaction energy parameters (e.g. the energy barrier to attachment, Delta Phi(a), and detachment, Delta Phi(d), from a primary minimum). This information was subsequently used to explain the behavior of colloid retention and release in column and batch experiments under different ionic strength (IS) and pH conditions. Results demonstrated that the density and height of NSR significantly influenced the interaction energy parameters and consequently the extent and kinetics of colloid retention and release. In particular, values of Delta Phi(a) and Delta Phi(d) significantly decreased in the presence of NSR. Therefore, consistent with findings of column experiments, colloid retention in the primary minimum was predicted to occur at some specific locations on the sand surface, even at low IS conditions. However, NSR yielded a much weaker primary minimum interaction compared with that of smooth surfaces. Colloid release from primary minima upon decreasing IS and increasing pH was attributed to the impact of NSR on the values of Delta Phi(d). Pronounced differences in the amount of colloid retention in batch and column experiments indicated that primary minimum interactions were weak even at high IS conditions. Negligible colloid retention in batch experiments was attributed to hydrodynamic torques overcoming adhesive torques, whereas significant colloid retention in column experiments was attributed to nano- and micro-scale roughness which would dramatically alter the lever arms associated with hydrodynamic and adhesive torques. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Torkzaban, Saeed] CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Bradford, Scott A.] ARS, USDA, Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Torkzaban, S (reprint author), CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. EM Saeed.Torkzaban@csiro.au RI Torkzaban, Saeed/G-7377-2013 OI Torkzaban, Saeed/0000-0002-5146-9461 FU Gas Industry Social and Environmental Research Alliance (GISERA); CSIRO; Australia Pacific LNG FX This research was supported by the Gas Industry Social and Environmental Research Alliance (GISERA), a collaborative vehicle established by CSIRO and Australia Pacific LNG to undertake publicly-reported research addressing the socio-economic and environmental impacts of Australia's natural gas industries. We would also like to acknowledge the help of Svantje Treumann in conducting some of the experiments. NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 88 BP 274 EP 284 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.022 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CZ7JU UT WOS:000367276500027 PM 26512805 ER PT J AU Rekant, SI Lyons, MA Pacheco, JM Arzt, J Rodriguez, LL AF Rekant, Steven I. Lyons, Mark A. Pacheco, Juan M. Arzt, Jonathan Rodriguez, Luis L. TI Veterinary applications of infrared thermography SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DAIRY-COWS; EYE TEMPERATURE; MOUTH-DISEASE; INTESTINAL VIABILITY; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; OCULAR THERMOGRAPHY; BODY-TEMPERATURE; PORK QUALITY; HOOF LESIONS; HOT-IRON AB Abnormal body temperature is a major indicator of disease; infrared thermography (IRT) can assess changes in body surface temperature quickly and remotely. This technology can be applied to a myriad of diseases of various etiologies across a wide range of host species in veterinary medicine. It is used to monitor the physiologic status of individual animals, such as measuring feed efficiency or diagnosing pregnancy. Infrared thermography has applications in the assessment of animal welfare, and has been used to detect soring in horses and monitor stress responses. This review addresses the variety of uses for IRT in veterinary medicine, including disease detection, physiologic monitoring, welfare assessment, and potential future applications. C1 [Rodriguez, Luis L.] USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rodriguez, LL (reprint author), USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM luis.rodriguez@ars.usda.gov OI Pacheco, Juan/0000-0001-5477-0201 FU CRIS project (USDA Agricultural Research Service) [1940-32000-057-00D]; Science and Technology Directorate of the US Department of Homeland Security [HSHQPM-13-X-00131]; Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program FX Supported in part by CRIS project 1940-32000-057-00D (USDA Agricultural Research Service) and an interagency agreement with the Science and Technology Directorate of the US Department of Homeland Security (award No. HSHQPM-13-X-00131). Steven Rekant and Mark Lyons were recipients of Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program fellowships, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement with the US Department of Energy. NR 81 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 31 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 EI 1943-5681 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 77 IS 1 BP 98 EP 107 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CZ7CJ UT WOS:000367257200012 PM 26709943 ER PT J AU Shams-White, M Kelly, MJ Gilhooly, C Liu, SS Must, A Parsons, SK Saltzman, E Zhang, FF AF Shams-White, Marissa Kelly, Michael J. Gilhooly, Cheryl Liu, Shanshan Must, Aviva Parsons, Susan K. Saltzman, Edward Zhang, Fang Fang TI Food craving and obesity in survivors of pediatric ALL and lymphoma SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE Food craving; Obesity; Childhood cancer; Nutrition ID ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; CHILDHOOD-CANCER SURVIVOR; BODY-MASS-INDEX; ADULT SURVIVORS; ENERGY-INTAKE; RISK-FACTORS; CHILDREN; OVERWEIGHT; PREVALENCE; TASTE AB Cancer treatment can impact the hypothalamic-pituitary region of the developing brain, impairing appetite regulation and causing food craving in children who have survived cancer. We assessed food craving using a modified Food Craving Inventory in 22 survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma (median age = 11.7 years) and evaluated its association with treatment exposure and changes in weight status over a one-year period. Mean total craving score was 2.1 (SD = 0.7). Survivors reported significantly higher mean craving score for fast-foods [2.6 (SD = 0.9)] than for sweets [2.1 (SD = 0.8)1, carbohydrates [2.0 (SD = 0.6)], and fats [1.8 (SD = 0.7)] (all P values < 0.05). Results from multivariate linear regression indicated that survivors diagnosed at an older age (>= 4.5 years) experienced higher frequencies of food craving than those diagnosed at a younger age (<4.5 years) (beta = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.42, 1.34). Food craving, however, was not significantly associated with survivors' weight status over 12 months of follow-up. Food craving alone does not appear to explain the obesity risk in this sample of childhood cancer survivors. The role of food craving in shaping eating behavior and obesity risk needs to be further evaluated in a large cohort of childhood cancer survivors. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Shams-White, Marissa; Liu, Shanshan; Saltzman, Edward; Zhang, Fang Fang] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Dept Nutr Sci, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kelly, Michael J.; Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kelly, Michael J.] Tufts Med Ctr, Floating Hosp Children, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Boston, MA USA. [Gilhooly, Cheryl; Saltzman, Edward; Zhang, Fang Fang] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Must, Aviva] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. RP Zhang, FF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Dept Nutr Sci, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM fang_fang.zhang@tufts.edu FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000073]; NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR025752]; NIA NIH HHS [R37 AG013925]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK046200, P30DK46200] NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 EI 1095-8304 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 96 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.appet.2015.08.039 PG 6 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CZ5AH UT WOS:000367114000001 PM 26327446 ER PT J AU Wang, AC Lu, RF Xie, LJ AF Wang, Aichen Lu, Renfu Xie, Lijuan TI Finite element modeling of light propagation in turbid media under illumination of a continuous-wave beam SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID STATE DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE; TIME-RESOLVED REFLECTANCE; TISSUE OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; STEADY-STATE; NONINVASIVE DETERMINATION; ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENTS; BIOLOGICAL-MATERIALS; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; SCATTERING MEDIA AB Spatially resolved spectroscopy provides a means for measuring the optical properties of biological tissues, based on analytical solutions to diffusion approximation for semi-infinite media under the normal illumination of an infinitely small light beam. The method is, however, prone to error in measurement because the actual boundary condition and light beam often deviate from that used in deriving the analytical solutions. It is therefore important to quantify the effect of different boundary conditions and light beams on spatially resolved diffuse reflectance in order to improve the measurement accuracy of the technique. This research was aimed at using finite element method (FEM) to model light propagation in turbid media, subjected to normal illumination by a continuous-wave beam of infinitely small or finite size. Three types of boundary conditions [i.e., partial current (PCBC), extrapolated (EBC), and zero (ZBC)] were evaluated and compared against Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, since MC could provide accurate fluence rate and diffuse reflectance. The effect of beam size was also investigated. Overall results showed that FEM provided results as accurate as those of the analytical method when an appropriate boundary condition was applied. ZBC did not give satisfactory results in most cases. FEM-PCBC yielded a better fluence rate at the boundary than did FEM-EBC, while they were almost identical in predicting diffuse reflectance. Results further showed that FEM coupled with EBC effectively simulated spatially resolved diffuse reflectance under the illumination of a finite size beam. A large beam introduced more error, especially within the region of illumination. Research also confirmed an earlier finding that a light beam of less than 1 mm diameter should be used for estimation of optical parameters. FEM is effective for modeling light propagation in biological tissues and can be used for improving the optical property measurement by the spatially resolved technique. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Wang, Aichen; Xie, Lijuan] Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Lu, Renfu] USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wang, Aichen] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Wang, AC (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM renfu.lu@ars.usda.gov; ljxie@zju.edu.cn FU China Scholarship Council FX China Scholarship Council. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 17 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 1 BP 95 EP 103 DI 10.1364/AO.55.000095 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA CZ4RW UT WOS:000367091400014 PM 26835627 ER PT J AU de Brito, LB Albuquerque, RF Rocha, BP Albuquerque, SS Lee, ST Medeiros, RMT Riet-Correa, F Mendonca, FD AF de Brito, Luiz Bezerra Albuquerque, Raquel Feitosa Rocha, Brena Pessoa Albuquerque, Samuel Salgado Lee, Stephen Tomas Trindade Medeiros, Rosane Maria Riet-Correa, Franklin Mendonca, Fabio de Souza TI Spontaneous and experimental poisoning of cattle by Palicourea aeneofusca in the region of Pernambuco and induction of conditioned food aversion SO CIENCIA RURAL LA English DT Article DE toxic plants; sudden death; monofluoroacetate; lithium chloride ID RIGIDA MALPIGHIACEAE AB The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological aspects of Palicourea aeneofusca poisoning in cattle in the region of Pernambuco, Brazil and to determine if it is possible to induce food aversion by P. aeneofusca poisoning in cattle raised under extensive management conditions. To determine the occurrence of poisoning, 30 properties were visited in five municipalities of the region of Pernambuco. Three outbreaks of poisoning of cattle were monitored. To induce conditioned food aversion by the consumption of P. aeneofusca, 12 animals were randomly distributed into two groups of six animals each. Cattle were weighed and received green P. aeneofusca leaves in their trough at a dose of 35mg kg(-1) body weight for spontaneous consumption. The control group (CG) animals received water (1ml kg(-1) body weight) via a feeding tube after the first ingestion of the plant, while the other animals, constituting the aversion test group (ATG), underwent induced aversion with lithium chloride (LiCl - 175mg kg(-1) body weight) via a feeding tube. For the ATG cattle, the aversion to P. aeneofusca induced by a single dose of LiCl persisted for 12 months. In contrast, the CG animals continued to consume the plant in all tests performed, indicating the absence of aversion. This study showed that aversive conditioning using LiCl was effective in preventing poisoning by P. aeneofusca for a period of at least 12 months. C1 [de Brito, Luiz Bezerra; Albuquerque, Raquel Feitosa; Rocha, Brena Pessoa; Albuquerque, Samuel Salgado] Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Programa Posgrad Ciencia Vet, BR-52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil. [Lee, Stephen Tomas; Riet-Correa, Franklin] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT USA. [Trindade Medeiros, Rosane Maria] Univ Fed Campina Grande, Hosp Vet, Patos de Minas, PB, Brazil. [Mendonca, Fabio de Souza] Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Morfol & Fisiol Anim, Lab Diagnost Anim, BR-52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil. RP Mendonca, FD (reprint author), Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Morfol & Fisiol Anim, Lab Diagnost Anim, BR-52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil. EM fabio.mendonca@pq.cnpq.br FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development [573534/2008-0] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the National Institute of Science and Technology for the Control of Poisoning by Plants and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development for funding this research through the process 573534/2008-0. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU UNIV FEDERAL SANTA MARIA PI SANTA MARIA PA CIDADE UNIV, BAIRRO CAMOBI, SANTA MARIA, RS 97105-900, BRAZIL SN 0103-8478 EI 1678-4596 J9 CIENC RURAL JI Cienc. Rural PD JAN PY 2016 VL 46 IS 1 BP 138 EP 143 DI 10.1590/0103-8478cr20150079 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CZ5HL UT WOS:000367133200022 ER PT J AU Ouyang, Y Xu, DP Leininger, TD Zhang, NN AF Ouyang, Ying Xu, Daping Leininger, Theodor D. Zhang, Ningnan TI A system dynamic model to estimate hydrological processes and water use in a eucalypt plantation SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Eucalyptus; Hydrological processes; STELLA; System dynamic model; Water use ID EXPERIMENTAL CATCHMENTS; BIOMASS ENERGY; USE EFFICIENCY; PINUS-PATULA; SOUTH-AFRICA; BALANCE; GROWTH; GRANDIS; FOREST; CHINA AB Eucalypts have been identified as one of the best feedstocks for bioenergy production due to their fast-growth rate and coppicing ability. However, their water use efficiency along with the adverse environmental impacts is still a controversial issue. In this study, a system dynamic model was developed to estimate the hydrological processes and water use in a eucalyptus urophylla plantation using the STELLA (Structural Thinking and Experiential Learning Laboratory with Animation) software. This model was both calibrated and validated with very good agreements between model predictions and field measurements obtained from our experiment. Two simulation scenarios were employed in this study, one was to quantify the hydrological processes in a eucalypt plantation (40m x 40m) under a normal (a base scenario) sandy soil condition, while the other was to estimate the potential impacts of the wet and dry sandy soil conditions upon the eucalyptus water use. A characteristic monthly variation pattern was found for soil evaporation, leaf transpiration, and root uptake, with increasing from winter to summer and decreasing from summer to the following winter. Overall, the rates of evaporation, transpiration, evapotranspiration (ET), and uptake were in the following order: ET > root uptake > leaf transpiration > soil evaporation. The maximum rate of leaf transpiration was about five times greater than that of soil evaporation. The cumulative annual water use by the eucalypts was 690,000 L/plot (or 3200 L/tree). Although no differences in ET rate and water use were found between the base and wet soil conditions, the discernable discrepancies in ET rate and water use were observed between the wet and dry soil conditions when the soil water content was below 0.17 cm(3)/cm(3). This study suggests that the system dynamic model developed with STELLA is a useful tool to estimate soil hydrological processes and water use in a eucalypt plantation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ouyang, Ying] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Xu, Daping; Zhang, Ningnan] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Trop Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Leininger, Theodor D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Ouyang, Y (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, 100 Stone Blvd,Thompson Hall,Room 309, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM youyang@fs.fed.us NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 86 BP 290 EP 299 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.11.008 PG 10 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA CZ4SS UT WOS:000367093600034 ER PT J AU Engel, BJ Schaberg, PG Hawley, GJ Rayback, SA Pontius, J Kosiba, AM Miller, EK AF Engel, Benjamin J. Schaberg, Paul G. Hawley, Gary J. Rayback, Shelly A. Pontius, Jennifer Kosiba, Alexandra M. Miller, Eric K. TI Assessing relationships between red spruce radial growth and pollution critical load exceedance values SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Picea rubens; Acid deposition; Basal area increment; Foliar winter injury; Growth rebound; Dendroecology ID BROOK-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; ABOVEGROUND CARBON SEQUESTRATION; ANTHROPOGENIC CALCIUM DEPLETION; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; WINTER INJURY; SUGAR MAPLE; SULFUR DEPOSITION; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; AIR-POLLUTION; PICEA-RUBENS AB Acidic sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) deposition depletes cations such as calcium (Ca) from forest soils and has been linked to increases in foliar winter injury that led to the decline of red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) in the northeastern United States. We used results from a 30 m resolution steady-state S and N critical load exceedance model for New England to better understand the spatial connections between Ca depletion and red spruce productivity. Atmospheric deposition and other inputs were estimated for a 5-year period (1984-1988) in order to smooth year-to-year variations in climate and patterns of atmospheric transport. Deposition levels prior to the reductions that followed the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act were used because tree health and productivity declines were expected to be most responsive to high acid loading. We examined how radial growth (basal area increment) of 441 dominant and co-dominant red spruce trees from 37 sites across Vermont and New Hampshire was related to modeled estimates of S and N critical load exceedance. We assessed growth using statistical models with exceedance as a source of variation, but which also included "year" and "elevation class" (to help account for climatic variability) and interactions among factors. As expected, yearly climate-related sources of variation accounted for most of the differences in growth. However, exceedance was significantly and negatively associated with mean growth for the study period (1951-2010) overall, and particularly for the 1980s and 2000s - periods of numerous and/or severe foliar winter injury events. Because high winter injury reflects the convergence of predisposing (cation depletion) and inciting (weather) factors, exceedance alone appears insufficient to define associated patterns of growth reduction. Significant interactions indicated that exceedance had little influence on growth at low elevations (where intrinsic conditions for growth were generally good) or high elevations (where growth was uniformly poor), whereas exceedance was significantly associated with reduced growth at mid elevations over long periods of time. Exceedance was also linked to reduced growth rebounds following a region-wide foliar winter injury event in 2003. Overall, our analyses suggest that modeled S and N critical load exceedance can help account for red spruce growth and rebound from injury in the field. Interestingly, recent growth for red spruce is above average for the 20th to 21st century dendrochronological record - indicating that the factors shaping growth may be changing. The influence of reduced pollution inputs on this recent growth surge is under investigation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Engel, Benjamin J.; Hawley, Gary J.; Pontius, Jennifer; Kosiba, Alexandra M.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Schaberg, Paul G.; Pontius, Jennifer] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Rayback, Shelly A.] Univ Vermont, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Geog, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Miller, Eric K.] Ecosyst Res Grp Ltd, Norwich, VT 05055 USA. RP Schaberg, PG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM pschaberg@fs.fed.us FU Forest Service Northern Research Station, USDA CSREES McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program and National Research Initiative; Northeastern States Research Cooperative; National Science Foundation FX We thank Drs. Linda Pardo, Rock Ouimet, and Brenden McNeil for input on an earlier version of this manuscript. We thank Kindle Loomis for her help in the field and laboratory, and Aiko Weverka for the inclusion of her increment cores in this study. Additionally, we are grateful to Dr. Brian Keel and Colleen Pelles Madrid (Green Mountain National Forest), Jay Maciejowski, Tim Morton, and others (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources), Bartlett Experimental Forest and Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest personnel, Pete Zimmerman, Betsey Pratt, The Dartmouth Outing Club, The Carthusian Foundation, Killington/Pico Ski Resort, and Sugarbush Ski Resort for permission to access field sites. This manuscript is a contribution of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study. Hubbard Brook is part of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) network, which is supported by the National Science Foundation. The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA. This research was supported by funds provided by the Forest Service Northern Research Station, USDA CSREES McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program and National Research Initiative, and the Northeastern States Research Cooperative. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 359 BP 83 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.029 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CZ0IX UT WOS:000366789500010 ER PT J AU Flitcroft, RL Falke, JA Reeves, GH Hessburg, PF McNyset, KM Benda, LE AF Flitcroft, Rebecca L. Falke, Jeffrey A. Reeves, Gordon H. Hessburg, Paul F. McNyset, Kris M. Benda, Lee E. TI Wildfire may increase habitat quality for spring Chinook salmon in the Wenatchee River subbasin, WA, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Wildfire; Spring Chinook salmon; Watershed-scale; Population resilience; Bayesian model; Life stages ID OREGON COAST RANGE; LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTHEASTERN OREGON; STREAM TEMPERATURES; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; UNITED-STATES; NATIVE FISHES AB Pacific Northwest salmonids are adapted to natural disturbance regimes that create dynamic habitat patterns over space and through time. However, human land use, particularly long-term fire suppression, has altered the intensity and frequency of wildfire in forested upland and riparian areas. To examine the potential impacts of wildfire on aquatic systems, we developed stream-reach-scale models of freshwater habitat for three life stages (adult, egg/fry, and juvenile) of spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Wenatchee River subbasin, Washington. We used variables representing pre- and post-fire habitat conditions and employed novel techniques to capture changes in in-stream fine sediment, wood, and water temperature. Watershed-scale comparisons of high-quality habitat for each life stage of spring Chinook salmon habitat suggested that there are smaller quantities of high-quality juvenile overwinter habitat as compared to habitat for other life stages. We found that wildfire has the potential to increase quality of adult and overwintering juvenile habitat through increased delivery of wood, while decreasing the quality of egg and fry habitat due to the introduction of fine sediments. Model results showed the largest effect of fire on habitat quality associated with the juvenile life stage, resulting in increases in high-quality habitat in all watersheds. Due to the limited availability of pre-fire high-quality juvenile habitat, and increased habitat quality for this life stage post-fire, occurrence of characteristic wildfires would likely create a positive effect on spring Chinook salmon habitat in the Wenatchee River subbasin. We also compared pre- and post-fire model results of freshwater habitat for each life stage, and for the geometric mean of habitat quality across all life stages, using current compared to the historic distribution of spring Chinook salmon. We found that spring Chinook salmon are currently distributed in stream channels in which in-stream habitat for most life stages has a consistently positive response to fire. This compares to the historic distribution of spring Chinook, in which in-stream habitat exhibited a variable response to fire, including decreases in habitat quality overall or for specific life stages. This suggests that as the distribution of spring Chinook has decreased, they now occupy those areas with the most positive potential response to fire. Our work shows the potentially positive link between wildfire and aquatic habitat that supports forest managers in setting broader goals for fire management, perhaps leading to less fire suppression in some situations. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Flitcroft, Rebecca L.; Reeves, Gordon H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Falke, Jeffrey A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Hessburg, Paul F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [McNyset, Kris M.] NOAA Affiliate, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Benda, Lee E.] Earth Syst Inst, Mt Shasta, CA 96067 USA. RP Flitcroft, RL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM rflitcroft@fs.fed.us; jeffrey.Falke@alaska.edu; greeves@fs.fed.us; phessburg@fs.fed.us; Kristina.McNyset@noaa.gov; leebenda@terrainworks.com FU Joint Fire Sciences Program; USDA Forest Service FX Ken Vance-Borland, Kelly Christiansen, Kathryn Ronnenberg. Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest aquatic and terrestrial biologists, hydrologist, and foresters. Funding for much of this research came from the Joint Fire Sciences Program and the USDA Forest Service. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We also thank Robert Gresswell and two other anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful reviews of the manuscript. NR 113 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 22 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 359 BP 126 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.049 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CZ0IX UT WOS:000366789500015 ER PT J AU Thompson, CM Purcell, KL AF Thompson, Craig M. Purcell, Kathryn L. TI Conditions inside fisher dens during prescribed fires; what is the risk posed by spring underburns? SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fisher; Pekania pennanti; Prescribed fire; Temperature; Carbon monoxide ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; CARBON-MONOXIDE EXPOSURE; SIERRA-NEVADA; PINE FORESTS; EARLY-SEASON; SEVERITY; MANAGEMENT; CALIFORNIA; HABITAT; MODEL AB The use of spring prescribed fires to reduce accumulated fuel loads in western forests and facilitate the return of natural fire regimes is a controversial topic. While spring burns can be effective at reducing fuel loads and restoring heterogeneous landscapes, concerns exist over the potential impacts of unnaturally-timed fires to native species. To protect native wildlife from disturbance during critical periods, limited operating periods (LOPS) are often implemented. However when LOPs for multiple species are combined into an integrated management plan, very few time windows for implementing prescribed fires remain. The use of spring burns is often effectively eliminated, thereby reducing land managers' opportunities to implement what can be their most effective tool for forest restoration. To help guide the design of LOPs for fishers in the western United States, and to help identify opportunities to mitigate the risks posed by spring prescribed burns, we evaluated conditions within tree cavities during five prescribed fires in the Sierra National Forest and Yosemite National Park, CA. This relatively simple experiment was designed to provide much-needed and timely answers to crucial questions regarding the short-term impacts of prescribed fire on fishers and other wildlife species using cavities. Temperatures were remarkably stable within cavities, averaging 20.03 degrees C during burns. Carbon monoxide accumulation posed a greater threat, averaging a maximum of 170.8 ppm during burns and remaining elevated for >30 min, conditions potentially hazardous to fisher neonates. We discuss how these risks can be interpreted, and recommend that measures to mitigate smoke accumulation in tree cavities be implemented where spring burns are conducted in areas potentially occupied by fishers. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Thompson, Craig M.; Purcell, Kathryn L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. RP Thompson, CM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 2081 E Sierra Av, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. EM cthompson05@fs.fed.us RI Purcell, Kathryn/S-2592-2016 FU USFS Region 5; Sierra National Forest; USFS Western Wildlands Environmental Threat Assessment Program FX We are grateful to the prescribed fire staff of both the Sierra National Forest and Yosemite National Park for their willingness to help facilitate research efforts. In particular, C. Ballard, T. Gonzales, and A. Hernandez of the Sierra National Forest were instrumental in identifying research opportunities and helping coordinate activities. Funding was provided by the USFS Region 5, the Sierra National Forest, and the USFS Western Wildlands Environmental Threat Assessment Program. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 359 BP 156 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.10.003 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CZ0IX UT WOS:000366789500018 ER PT J AU Mahalovich, MF Kimsey, MJ Fortin-Noreus, JK Robbins, CT AF Mahalovich, Mary F. Kimsey, Mark J. Fortin-Noreus, Jennifer K. Robbins, Charles T. TI Isotopic heterogeneity in whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) nuts across geographic, edaphic and climatic gradients in the Northern Rockies (USA) SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Assimilated diet; Climate change; delta C-13; delta N-15; delta S-34; Carbon isotope discrimination (Delta C-13); Intrinsic water-use efficiency ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; STABLE-ISOTOPES; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; GENETIC-VARIATION; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ALLOZYME VARIATION; NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; CARBON ISOTOPES AB The overall health and persistence of whitebark pine is of international concern. Extensive tree mortality and loss of vigor due to the non-native pathogen white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola A. Dietr.), mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins), altered fire regimes, and climate change endanger the existence of whitebark pine, which is an important food source (pine nuts) for several wildlife species. Prior stable isotope analysis revealed variability in intrinsic water-use efficiency and nutritional status; however, small sample sizes prohibited the identification of geo-climatic effects on those isotopes. We summarize carbon isotope discrimination (Delta C-13, a measure of intrinsic water-use efficiency) and the natural abundance of delta C-13, delta N-15 and delta S-34 in whitebark pine nuts in the Northern Rockies. Spatial differences in geography, soil parent material and climate (e.g., summer mean temperature, number of degree-days below 0 degrees C, mean annual precipitation, Hargreaves climatic moisture deficit, and the frost-free period) contributed to the low to moderate spatial resolution in selected models (R-2 values ranged from 0.24 to 0.51). The importance of soil parent material in all models demonstrated whitebark pine exhibits previously unknown edaphic variation. Identification of the mechanistic drivers contributing to spatial heterogeneity in Delta C-13 provides an opportunity to select seed sources better suited to optimize long-term survival, vigor and cone production. Matching genetic resources to sites projected to support whitebark pine in future climates would ensure species persistence, while safeguarding an important wildlife food. Suitable wildlife habitat for projected warmer, drier climates was characterized as low values of Delta C-13 (<13.5 parts per thousand) and was concentrated in the southeastern portion of the Northern Rockies. Whitebark pine nuts at the landscape scale exhibited unique delta S-34 and delta N-15 values relative to other wildlife foods, but these isotope values can overlap other plant materials in more localized areas. Future applications to determine the proportion of pine nuts in assimilated diets will need to accommodate spatial heterogeneity, potential temporal variation in delta C-13, nutrient concentrations, animal tissue turnover rates, and seasonal availability of other foods. Further studies of the abiotic and biotic factors on C, N, and S cycles and the relationship between photosynthetic and heterotrophic tissue are needed for a better mechanistic understanding of the determinants of the natural abundance of delta C-13, Delta C-13, delta N-15 and delta S-34. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mahalovich, Mary F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Rocky Mt, Southwestern & Intermt Reg Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Kimsey, Mark J.] Univ Idaho, Intermt Forest Tree Nutr Cooperat, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Fortin-Noreus, Jennifer K.; Robbins, Charles T.] Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Robbins, Charles T.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Mahalovich, MF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Rocky Mt, Southwestern & Intermt Reg Forestry Sci Lab, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM mmahalovich@fs.fed.us; mkimsey@uidaho.edu; jennifer.fortin-noreus@umontana.edu; ctrobbins@wsu.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Region, Renewable Resource Management; Intermountain Forest Tree Nutrition Cooperative, University of Idaho; Washington State University School of the Environment FX This study would not have been possible without the cone collections made by many field personnel across 19 National Forests and three National Parks. Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Region, Renewable Resource Management; Intermountain Forest Tree Nutrition Cooperative, University of Idaho; and Washington State University School of the Environment. Additional support was provided by D. Turner and S. Baggett (US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, statistics consulting), B. Davitt (WSU Wildlife Nutrition Lab, sample preparation), M. Geromino (ISU Biology Department, provided one seed sample), B. Harlow (WSU Stable Isotope Core Lab, sample preparation and quality control), S. Taylor (UofC Isotope Science Laboratory, plant sulfur extraction consulting), M. McLaughlin (US Forest Service CDA Nursery, seed handling), C. Schwartz (US Geological Survey, study design), and C. Walters (USDA-ARS National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, long-term seed storage consulting). We thank G. Bowen and two anonymous reviewers for their insightful reviews and helpful discussion of an earlier draft and J. Fortin-Noreus for permission to use her data in Fig. 5. NR 120 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 359 BP 174 EP 189 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.047 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CZ0IX UT WOS:000366789500020 ER PT J AU Whittier, TR Gray, AN AF Whittier, Thomas R. Gray, Andrew N. TI Tree mortality based fire severity classification for forest inventories: A Pacific Northwest national forests example SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fire effects; Probabilistic sampling; Forest monitoring; Tree remeasurement; Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA); Wildfire ID BURN SEVERITY; SIERRA-NEVADA; UNITED-STATES; CASCADE RANGE; USA; CALIFORNIA; LANDSCAPE; CARBON; MOUNTAINS; CLIMATE AB Determining how the frequency, severity, and extent of forest fires are changing in response to changes in management and climate is a key concern in many regions where fire is an important natural disturbance. In the USA the only national-scale fire severity classification uses satellite image change-detection to produce maps for large (>400 ha) fires, and is generated by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) program. It is not clear how much forested area burns in smaller fires or whether ground-based fire severity estimates from a statistical sample of all forest lands might provide additional, useful information. We developed a tree mortality based fire severity classification using remeasured tree data from 10,008 plots in a probabilistic survey of National Forests System (NFS) lands in Oregon and Washington, using 8 tree mortality and abundance metrics. We estimate that 12.5% (+/- 0.7% SE) of NFS forest lands in the region experienced a fire event during 1993-2007, with an annual rate of 0.96% (+/- 0.05%). An estimated 6.5% of forest lands burned at High Severity or Moderate Severity; 2.1% burned at Very Low severity or only experienced surface or understory fire. A total of 358 of the 507 burned plots were within the MTBS perimeters, with 45% having equivalent severity classifications; but for similar to 51% of the plots the MTBS classifications suggested lower severity than the tree-mortality based classes. Based on events recorded on plots and the inventory design, we estimate that 20.9% of the forested NFS lands experiencing fires, either wildfires or prescribed burns, were not in the MTBS maps. Tree mortality based fire severity classifications, combined with remotely-sensed and management information on timing and treatments, could be readily applied to nationally-consistent Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data to provide improved monitoring of fire effects anywhere in the USA sampled by remeasured FIA inventories. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Whittier, Thomas R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gray, Andrew N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Gray, AN (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM thom.whittier@gmail.com; agray01@fs.fed.us FU Pacific Northwest Region; Pacific Northwest Research Station of the USDA Forest Service FX Jim Alegria, Carol Apple, Rhonda Mathison, Bob Brown, and many other USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region staff and contractors collected the data, and compiled, cleaned and managed the database. George Otanic provided accurate and reliable spatial databases of NFS ownership and land status. Karen Wadell and Bruce Hiserote made the initial compilation of the regional datasets. Dave Azuma provided the Biscuit Fire BAER plot data and Bianca Eskelson extracted the annual MTBS fire classification data for the CVS plots. Olaf Kuegler suggested the fire-year stratification approach. Jay Miller provided useful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. Comments from two anonymous reviewers improved the paper. Funding for this study was provided by the Pacific Northwest Region and the Pacific Northwest Research Station of the USDA Forest Service. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 359 BP 199 EP 209 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.10.015 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CZ0IX UT WOS:000366789500022 ER PT J AU Mahoney, KR Russell, KR Ford, WM Rodrigue, JL Riddle, JD Schuler, TM Adams, MB AF Mahoney, Kathleen R. Russell, Kevin R. Ford, W. Mark Rodrigue, Jane L. Riddle, Jason D. Schuler, Thomas M. Adams, Mary Beth TI Woodland salamander responses to a shelterwood harvest-prescribed burn silvicultural treatment within Appalachian mixed-oak forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Plethodon ochrophaeus; Plethodon glutinosus; Plethodon cinereus; Timber harvest; Prescribed fire; Central Appalachians ID SHORT-TERM RESPONSE; TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; PLETHODON-CINEREUS; HARDWOOD FOREST; FUEL REDUCTION; TIMBER HARVEST; NORTH-AMERICA; SMALL MAMMALS; FIRE; ABUNDANCE AB Forest management practices that mimic natural canopy disturbances, including prescribed fire and timber harvests, may reduce competition and facilitate establishment of favorable vegetative species within various ecosystems. Fire suppression in the central Appalachian region for almost a century has contributed to a transition from oak-dominated to more mesophytic, fire-intolerant forest communities. Prescribed fire coupled with timber removal is currently implemented to aid in oak regeneration and establishment but responses of woodland salamanders to this complex silvicultural system is poorly documented. The purpose of our research was to determine how woodland salamanders respond to shelter-wood harvests following successive burns in a central Appalachian mixed-oak forest. Woodland salamanders were surveyed using coverboard arrays in May, July, and August September 2011 and 2012. Surveys were conducted within fenced shelterwood-burn (prescribed fires, shelterwood harvest, and fencing to prevent white-tailed deer [Odocoileus virginianus] herbivory), shelterwood-burn (prescribed fires and shelterwood harvest), and control plots. Relative abundance was modeled in relation to habitat variables measured within treatments for mountain dusky salamanders (Desmognathus ochrophaeus), slimy salamanders (Plethodon glutinosus), and eastern red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus). Mountain dusky salamander relative abundance was positively associated with canopy cover and there were significantly more individuals within controls than either shelterwood-burn or fenced shelterwood-burn treatments. Conversely, habitat variables associated with slimy salamanders and eastern red-backed salamanders did not differ among treatments. Salamander age-class structure within controls did not differ from shelterwood-burn or fenced shelterwood-burn treatments for any species. Overall, the woodland salamander assemblage remained relatively intact throughout the shelterwoodburn silvicultural treatment compared to previous research within the same study area that examined pre-harvest fire effects. However, because of the multi-faceted complexities of this specific silvicultural system, continued research is warranted that evaluates long-term, additive impacts on woodland salamanders within managed central Appalachian deciduous forests. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mahoney, Kathleen R.; Russell, Kevin R.; Riddle, Jason D.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Ford, W. Mark] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Rodrigue, Jane L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. [Schuler, Thomas M.; Adams, Mary Beth] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Mahoney, KR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. EM kmahoneyr@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point [11-JV-11242301-044] FX We thank Richard Hovatter, Donald Lowther, and Melissa Thomas-Van Gundy for their advice and assistance during the project. We also thank Kurt Moseley, Jessica Orlando, William Fields, Blake Hossack, and one anonymous reviewer for reviewing an earlier draft of this manuscript. Our research was supported financially and logistically by the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station and the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point through participating agreement #11-JV-11242301-044. All animals were handled according to a West Virginia Division of Natural Resources Scientific Collecting Permit and the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol #20131108. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 359 BP 277 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.042 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CZ0IX UT WOS:000366789500029 ER PT J AU Hall, MB Weimer, PJ AF Hall, M. B. Weimer, P. J. TI Divergent utilization patterns of grass fructan, inulin, and other nonfiber carbohydrates by ruminal microbes SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE rumen; fermentation; fructan; nonfiber carbohydrate ID IN-VITRO FERMENTATION; CONTINUOUS-CULTURE; RUMEN BACTERIA; GLYCOGEN; LACTATE; CELLULOSE; PRODUCTS; GLUCOSE; SYSTEM AB Fructans are an important nonfiber carbohydrate in cool season grasses. Their fermentation by ruminal microbes is not well described, though such information is needed to understand their nutritional value to ruminants. Our objective was to compare kinetics and product formation of orchardgrass fructan (phlein; PHL) to other nonfiber carbohydrates when fermented in vitro with mixed or pure culture ruminal microbes. Studies were carried out as randomized complete block designs. All rates given are first-order rate constants. With mixed ruminal microbes, rate of substrate disappearance tended to be greater for glucose (GLC) than for PHL and chicory fructan (inulin; INU), which tended to differ from each other (0.74, 0.62, and 0.33 h(-1), respectively). Disappearance of GLC had almost no lag time (0.04 h(-1)), whereas the fructans had lags of 1.4 h. The maximum microbial N accumulation, a proxy for cell growth, tended to be 20% greater for PHL and INU than for GLC. The N accumulation rate for GLC (1.31 h(-1)) was greater than for PHL (0.75 h(-1)) and INU (0.26 h(-1)), which also differed. More microbial glycogen (+57%) was accumulated from GLC than from PHL, though accumulation rates did not differ (1.95 and 1.44 h(-1), respectively); little glycogen accumulated from INU. Rates of organic acid formation were 0.80, 0.28, and 0.80 h(-1) for GLC, INU, and PHL, respectively, with PHL tending to be greater than INU. Lactic acid production was more than 7-fold greater for GLC than for the fructans. The ratio of microbial cell carbon to organic acid carbon tended to be greater for PHL (0.90) and INU (0.86) than for GLC (0.69), indicating a greater yield of cell mass per amount of substrate fermented with fructans. Reduced microbial yield for GLC may relate to the greater glycogen production that requires ATP, and lactate production that yields less ATP; together, these processes could have reduced ATP available for cell growth. Acetate molar proportion was less for GLC than for fructans, and less for PHL than for INU. In studies with pure cultures, all microbes evaluated showed differences in specific growth rate constants (mu) for GLC, fructose, sucrose, maltose, and PHL. Selenomonas ruminantium and Streptococcus bovis showed the highest mu for PHL (0.55 and 0.67 h(-1), respectively), which were 50 to 60% of the mu achieved for GLC. The 10 other species tested had mu between 0.01 and 0.11 h(-1) with PHL. Ruminal microbes use PHL differently than they do GLC or INU. C1 [Hall, M. B.; Weimer, P. J.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hall, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM marybeth.hall@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) FX This research was supported with funding from USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS). Special thanks go to J. W. Pitas and C. L. Odt of the USDA-ARS US Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, for analytical assistance. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 99 IS 1 BP 245 EP 257 DI 10.3168/jds.2015-10417 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA CZ6MF UT WOS:000367214700025 PM 26601577 ER PT J AU Zhou, HF Yang, DJ Zhu, JY AF Zhou, Haifeng Yang, Dongjie Zhu, J. Y. TI Molecular Structure of Sodium Lignosulfonate from Different Sources and their Properties as Dispersant of TiO2 Slurry SO JOURNAL OF DISPERSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dispersion properties; lignin co-product; molecular structure; sodium lignosulfonate; SPORL pretreatment ID CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; LODGEPOLE PINE; EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS; LIGNIN; FRACTIONATION; DETOXIFICATION; PRETREATMENT; ADSORPTION; SUSPENSION; PARTICLES AB The molecular structure and properties of four sodium lignosulfonates (LSs) derived from pulping or bioethanol production were evaluated and compared. SXP and SAL were produced by sulfite pulping and sulfonation reaction of lignin from alkali pulping of poplar, respectively. LS-180 and LS-150 were from sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocelluloses (SPORL) pretreatment of lodgepole pine for bioethanol production. The molecular weights of the two LSs from SPORL were much smaller than those from pulping. However, LS-180 and LS-150 had higher sulfur content, especially LS-180. UV-Vis absorption spectra of LS-180 and SXP showed redshift, indicating increased amount of guaiacyl units or conjugated structures. The infrared spectra showed that LS-180 and SXP had more conjugated structures. LS-150 had the highest methoxyl group content, while SAL and LS-180 had lowest. The H-1-NMR was used to further investigate the difference of molecular linkages within each LS. LS-150 had more beta-O-4' structures than the others, while SXP had more beta-beta' structures. When used as dispersant for TiO2 slurry, LS-180, LS-150, and SXP all had excellent dispersibility, but not SAL, suggesting LS from bioethanol production is an excellent source of LS and lignin sulfonation of alkali lignin is not sufficient for dispersion applications. C1 [Zhou, Haifeng; Yang, Dongjie] S China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Haifeng; Zhu, J. Y.] USDA Forest Serv, USDA Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Yang, Dongjie] S China Univ Technol, State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Yang, DJ (reprint author), S China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM cedjyang@scut.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21176096, 21374032]; National Basic Research Program of China 973 [2012CB215302]; International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China [2013DFA41670]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [2012ZZ0044] FX This work was partially conducted while Zhou was visiting scientist at the USDA Forest Products Laboratory and on official government time of Zhu. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21176096, 21374032), the National Basic Research Program of China 973 (2012CB215302), the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (2013DFA41670), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (2012ZZ0044). NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0193-2691 EI 1532-2351 J9 J DISPER SCI TECHNOL JI J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 296 EP 303 DI 10.1080/01932691.2014.989572 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA CZ2YV UT WOS:000366971700021 ER PT J AU Banfield, EC Liu, Y Davis, JS Chang, S Frazier-Wood, AC AF Banfield, Emilyn C. Liu, Yan Davis, Jennifer S. Chang, Shine Frazier-Wood, Alexis C. TI Poor Adherence to US Dietary Guidelines for Children and Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Population SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Diet quality; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); Childhood; Adolescence; Healthy Eating Index (HEI) ID EATING INDEX; FOOD-INTAKE; QUALITY; ASSOCIATION; ADIPOSITY; AMERICANS; GERMANY; SCORES; ENERGY; YOUTH AB Background Poor diet quality in childhood and adolescence is associated with adverse health outcomes throughout life, yet the dietary habits of American children and how they change across childhood and adolescence are unknown. Objectives This study sought to describe diet quality among children and adolescents by assessing adherence to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) and to determine whether any differences in adherence occurred across childhood. Design, setting, and participants We employed a cross-sectional design using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Of 9,280 children aged 4 to 18 years who participated in NHANES from 2005 to 2010, those with insufficient data on dietary recall (n=852) or who were pregnant or lactating during the time of interview (n=38) were excluded from the final study sample (n=8,390). Main outcome measures We measured adherence to the DGA using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) and stratified participants into three age groups (4 to 8, 9 to 13, and 14 to 18 years of age). We analyzed each of 12 HEI-2010 components and total HEI-2010 score. Results The youngest children had the highest overall diet quality due to significantly greater scores for total fruit, whole fruit, dairy, and whole grains. These children also had the highest scores for sodium, refined grains, and empty calories. Total HEI-2010 scores ranged from 43.59 to 52.11 out of 100, much lower than the minimum score of 80 that is thought to indicate a diet associated with good health. Conclusions Overall, children and adolescents are failing to meet the DGA and may be at an increased risk of chronic diseases throughout life. By analyzing which food groups show differences between age groups, we provide data that can inform the development of dietary interventions to promote specific food groups targeting specific ages and improve diet quality among children and adolescents. C1 [Banfield, Emilyn C.; Davis, Jennifer S.; Chang, Shine] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Div Canc Prevent & Populat Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Liu, Yan; Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Frazier-Wood, AC (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Lekki.Wood@Gmail.com FU National Cancer Institute grant [R25E CA056452]; American Heart Association [14BGIA18740011]; US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) [CRIS 309-5-001-058]; USDA/ARS [58-6250-0-008] FX The authors are funded in part by a cancer prevention fellowship supported by the National Cancer Institute grant (R25E CA056452). E. C. Banfield is funded by the American Heart Association (grant no: 14BGIA18740011), and the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) (CRIS 309-5-001-058). This work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, and funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-0-008. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the US government. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 EI 2212-2680 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 116 IS 1 BP 21 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2015.08.010 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CZ3MV UT WOS:000367009100004 PM 26391469 ER PT J AU Jahns, L Scheett, AJ Johnson, LK Krebs-Smith, SM Payne, CR Whigham, LD Hoverson, BS Kranz, S AF Jahns, Lisa Scheett, Angela J. Johnson, LuAnn K. Krebs-Smith, Susan M. Payne, Collin R. Whigham, Leah D. Hoverson, Bonita S. Kranz, Sibylle TI Diet Quality of Items Advertised in Supermarket Sales Circulars Compared to Diets of the US Population, as Assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2010 SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Diet quality; Healthy Eating Index; Supermarkets; Weekly sales circulars; Food environment ID NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS; FOOD; ENERGY; GUIDELINES; DISCOUNTS; AMERICANS; EDUCATION; PURCHASE; POINT AB Background Supermarkets use sales circulars to highlight specific foods, usually at reduced prices. Resulting purchases help form the set of available foods within households from which individuals and families make choices about what to eat. Objective The purposes of this study were to determine how closely foods featured in weekly supermarket sales circulars conform to dietary guidance and how diet quality compares with that of the US population's intakes. Design Food and beverage items (n=9,149) in 52 weekly sales circulars from a small Midwestern grocery chain in 2009 were coded to obtain food group and nutrient and energy content. Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) total and component scores were calculated using algorithms developed by the National Cancer Institute. HEI-2010 scores for the US population aged 2+ years were estimated using data from the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. HEI-2010 scores of circulars and population intakes were compared using Student's t tests. Results Mean total (42.8 of 100) HEI-2010 scores of circulars were lower than that of the US population (55.4; P<0.001). Among individual components, Total Protein Foods was the only one for which 100% of the maximum score was met by both circulars and the population. The scores were also similar between the circulars and population for Whole Grains (22%; P=0.81) and Seafood and Plant Proteins (70% to 74%; P=0.33). Circular scores were lower than those of the population for Total and Whole Fruits, Total Vegetables and Greens and Beans, Dairy, Sodium, and Empty Calories (P<0.001); they were higher only for Fatty Acids (P=0.006) and Refined Grains (P<0.001). Conclusions HEI-2010 total scores for these sales circulars were even lower than US population scores, which have been shown repeatedly to reflect low diet quality. Supermarkets could support improvements in consumer diets by weekly featuring foods that are more in concordance with food and nutrient recommendations. C1 [Jahns, Lisa; Scheett, Angela J.; Johnson, LuAnn K.; Hoverson, Bonita S.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Krebs-Smith, Susan M.] NCI, Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Rockville, MD USA. [Payne, Collin R.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mkt, Mkt, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Payne, Collin R.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mkt, Consumer Behav Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Whigham, Leah D.] Paso del Norte Inst Hlth Living, El Paso, TX USA. [Kranz, Sibylle] Univ Bristol, Sch Policy Studies, Ctr Exercise Nutr & Hlth Sci, Nutr, Bristol, Avon, England. RP Jahns, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM lisa.jahns@ars.usda.gov OI Whigham, Leah/0000-0002-5376-8967 FU USDA, Agricultural Research Service [USDA 3062-51000-51-00D] FX This study was funded by the USDA, Agricultural Research Service, USDA 3062-51000-51-00D. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA or the Agricultural Research Service, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the US government. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 EI 2212-2680 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 116 IS 1 BP 115 EP U117 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2015.09.016 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CZ3MV UT WOS:000367009100011 PM 26508588 ER PT J AU Gleason, SM Westoby, M Jansen, S Choat, B Hacke, UG Pratt, RB Bhaskar, R Brodribb, TJ Bucci, SJ Cao, KF Cochard, H Delzon, S Domec, JC Fan, ZX Feild, TS Jacobsen, AL Johnson, DM Lens, F Maherali, H Martinez-Vilalta, J Mayr, S McCulloh, KA Mencuccini, M Mitchell, PJ Morris, H Nardini, A Pittermann, J Plavcova, L Schreiber, SG Sperry, JS Wright, IJ Zanne, AE AF Gleason, Sean M. Westoby, Mark Jansen, Steven Choat, Brendan Hacke, Uwe G. Pratt, Robert B. Bhaskar, Radika Brodribb, Tim J. Bucci, Sandra J. Cao, Kun-Fang Cochard, Herve Delzon, Sylvain Domec, Jean-Christophe Fan, Ze-Xin Feild, Taylor S. Jacobsen, Anna L. Johnson, Daniel M. Lens, Frederic Maherali, Hafiz Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi Mayr, Stefan McCulloh, Katherine A. Mencuccini, Maurizio Mitchell, Patrick J. Morris, Hugh Nardini, Andrea Pittermann, Jarmila Plavcova, Lenka Schreiber, Stefan G. Sperry, John S. Wright, Ian J. Zanne, Amy E. TI Weak tradeoff between xylem safety and xylem-specific hydraulic efficiency across the world's woody plant species SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE cavitation; embolism; hydraulic conductivity; mean annual precipitation; mean annual temperature; xylem ID WATER-STORAGE CAPACITY; BORDERED PIT STRUCTURE; THAW-INDUCED EMBOLISM; OPEN VESSEL ARTIFACT; LIFE-HISTORY; VULNERABILITY CURVES; WHOLE-PLANT; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; CENTRIFUGE METHOD AB The evolution of lignified xylem allowed for the efficient transport of water under tension, but also exposed the vascular network to the risk of gas emboli and the spread of gas between xylem conduits, thus impeding sap transport to the leaves. A well-known hypothesis proposes that the safety of xylem (its ability to resist embolism formation and spread) should trade off against xylem efficiency (its capacity to transport water). We tested this safety-efficiency hypothesis in branch xylem across 335 angiosperm and 89 gymnosperm species. Safety was considered at three levels: the xylem water potentials where 12%, 50% and 88% of maximal conductivity are lost. Although correlations between safety and efficiency were weak (r(2) < 0.086), no species had high efficiency and high safety, supporting the idea for a safety-efficiency tradeoff. However, many species had low efficiency and low safety. Species with low efficiency and low safety were weakly associated (r(2) < 0.02 in most cases) with higher wood density, lower leaf-to sapwood-area and shorter stature. There appears to be no persuasive explanation for the considerable number of species with both low efficiency and low safety. These species represent a real challenge for understanding the evolution of xylem. C1 [Gleason, Sean M.; Westoby, Mark; Wright, Ian J.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Gleason, Sean M.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Jansen, Steven; Morris, Hugh; Plavcova, Lenka] Univ Ulm, Inst Systemat Bot & Ecol, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. [Choat, Brendan] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia. [Hacke, Uwe G.; Plavcova, Lenka; Schreiber, Stefan G.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Pratt, Robert B.; Jacobsen, Anna L.] Calif State Univ, Dept Biol, Bakersfield, CA 93311 USA. [Bhaskar, Radika] Haverford Coll, Dept Biol, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Brodribb, Tim J.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Biol Sci, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Bucci, Sandra J.] Univ Nacl Patagonia San Juan Bosco, GEBEF, RA-9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina. [Cao, Kun-Fang] Guangxi Univ, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agro B, Plant Ecophysiol & Evolut Grp, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, Peoples R China. [Cao, Kun-Fang] Guangxi Univ, Coll Forestry, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, Peoples R China. [Cochard, Herve] PIAF, INRA, UMR547, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Cochard, Herve] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Univ, PIAF, UMR547, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Delzon, Sylvain] Univ Bordeaux, INRA, UMR BIOGECO, F-33450 Talence, France. [Domec, Jean-Christophe] Bordeaux Sci AGRO, ISPA INRA, UMR1391, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Domec, Jean-Christophe] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Fan, Ze-Xin] Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Feild, Taylor S.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Johnson, Daniel M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Lens, Frederic] Leiden Univ, Nat Biodiv Ctr, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Maherali, Hafiz] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi] CREAF, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi; Mencuccini, Maurizio] CREAF, ICREA, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Mayr, Stefan] Univ Innsbruck, Dept Bot, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [McCulloh, Katherine A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Mencuccini, Maurizio] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, Midlothian, Scotland. [Mitchell, Patrick J.] CSIRO Land & Water Flagship, Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005, Australia. [Nardini, Andrea] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Sci Vita, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Pittermann, Jarmila] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Sperry, John S.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Zanne, Amy E.] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Gleason, SM (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. EM sean.gleason55@gmail.com RI Hacke, Uwe/M-7719-2015; Mitchell, Patrick/D-7454-2011; Jansen, Steven/A-9868-2012; Cochard, Herve/P-7406-2015; Schreiber, Stefan/N-9843-2015; Mencuccini, Maurizio/B-9052-2011; Cao, Kun-Fang/D-2157-2009; Johnson, Daniel/E-6789-2011; Nardini, Andrea/C-6525-2009; Lens, Frederic/B-8482-2011; Wright, Ian/G-4979-2012; Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi/D-3385-2014 OI Fan, Ze-Xin/0000-0003-4623-6783; Bucci, Sandra Janet/0000-0003-1079-9277; Brodribb, Timothy/0000-0002-4964-6107; Hacke, Uwe/0000-0001-5983-3582; Jansen, Steven/0000-0002-4476-5334; Cochard, Herve/0000-0002-2727-7072; Schreiber, Stefan/0000-0001-5033-8884; Mencuccini, Maurizio/0000-0003-0840-1477; Cao, Kun-Fang/0000-0002-2253-7189; Johnson, Daniel/0000-0001-5890-3147; Lens, Frederic/0000-0002-5001-0149; Wright, Ian/0000-0001-8338-9143; Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi/0000-0002-2332-7298 FU Australian Research Council through the Australia-New Zealand Research Network for Vegetation Function FX We warmly thank the scientists who contributed the data upon which these analyses are based. This paper is an outcome from a working group funded by the Australian Research Council through the Australia-New Zealand Research Network for Vegetation Function. NR 121 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 33 U2 133 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 209 IS 1 BP 123 EP 136 DI 10.1111/nph.13646 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CX0NM UT WOS:000365393700017 PM 26378984 ER PT J AU Boue, S Fortgang, I Levy, RJ Bhatnagar, D Burow, M Fahey, G Heiman, ML AF Boue, Stephen Fortgang, Ilana Levy, Ronald J., Jr. Bhatnagar, Deepak Burow, Matthew Fahey, George Heiman, Mark L. TI A novel gastrointestinal microbiome modulator from soy pods reduces absorption of dietary fat in mice SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN GUT MICROBIOME; BILE-ACID; NUCLEAR RECEPTORS; LIPID-METABOLISM; GLYCEOLLINS; RESISTANT; GLUCOSE; FXR; GALACTOOLIGOSACCHARIDES; ISOFLAVONES AB ObjectiveSimplification of diets, low in variety but high in energy, contributes to the loss in diversity observed in the obese gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome. A novel GI microbiome modulator (GIMM) as a dietary intervention was developed. MethodsMice were fed either an obesogenic diet (ObD) or an ObD containing 15% activated soy pod fiber (ObD-ASPF) for 30 days. The diets were isocaloric and balanced for macronutrient content. ASPF is a novel fiber preparation from whole soy pods that is activated to produce glyceollins. ResultsMice fed ObD-ASPF did not gain body fat. This was associated with decreased absorption of calories (P<0.05) and increased fecal excretion of triglycerides, which may be attributed to decreased bile acid secretion (P<0.05). A shift (P<0.05) in abundances of microbiota in 10 genera was observed. Mice fed ObD-ASPF had elevated plasma concentrations of the anti-inflammatory IL-10 (P<0.05) and decreased (P<0.05) plasma concentrations of the neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1. ConclusionsA novel dietary intervention derived from soy pods that acts to hinder absorption of dietary fat and glucose in mice was developed. More studies with this GIMM in animal models of diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, type 2 diabetes, and autism are needed. C1 [Boue, Stephen; Bhatnagar, Deepak] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. [Fortgang, Ilana] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Louisiana State Univ Agr Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Burow, Matthew] Louisiana State Univ, Coll Agr, Louisiana State Univ Agr Ctr, Alexandria, LA USA. [Fahey, George] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Heiman, ML (reprint author), MicroBiome Therapeut, New Orleans, LA 70115 USA. EM mheiman@mbiome.com FU MicroBiome Therapeutics FX This work was funded by MicroBiome Therapeutics. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JAN PY 2016 VL 24 IS 1 BP 87 EP 95 DI 10.1002/oby.21197 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CZ6CW UT WOS:000367189800015 PM 26584538 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Van Wilpe, E Verma, SK Hilali, M AF Dubey, J. P. Van Wilpe, E. Verma, S. K. Hilali, M. TI Ultrastructure of Sarcocystis bertrami sarcocysts from a naturally infected donkey (Equus asinus) from Egypt SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sarcocystis bertrami; donkey (Equus asinus); transmission electron microscopy ID HORSE; PREVALENCE; DOGS AB There is considerable confusion concerning Sarcocystis species in equids. Little is known of Sarcocystis infections in donkeys (Equus asinus). Here we describe the structure of Sarcocystis bertrami-like from the donkey by light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Nineteen sarcocysts from the tongue of a donkey from Egypt were studied both by LM and TEM. By LM, all sarcocysts had variably shaped and sized projections on the sarcocyst walls, giving it a thin-walled to thick-walled appearance, depending on individual sarcocyst and plane of section. By TEM, sarcocysts walls had villar protrusions (vp) of type 11. The sarcocyst wall had conical to slender vp, up to 6 mu m long and 1 mu m wide; the vp were folded over the sarcocyst wall. The total thickness of the sarcocyst wall with ground substance layer (gs) was 1-3 mu m. The vp had microtubules (mt) that originated deeper in the gs and continued up to the tip. The apical part of the vp had electron dense granules. The mt were configured into 3 types: a tuft of electron dense mt1 extending the entire length of the vp with a tuft of medium electron dense mt2 appearing in parallel, and fine mt3 present only in the villar tips. The gs was mainly smooth with few indistinct granules. All sarcocysts were mature and contained metrocytes and bradyzoites. Bradyzoites were approximately 11-15 x 2-3 mu m in size with typical organelles. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Verma, S. K.] ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Van Wilpe, E.] Univ Pretoria, Dept Anat & Physiol, Fac Vet Sci, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa. [Hilali, M.] Cairo Univ, Dept Parasitol, Fac Vet Med, Giza 12211, Egypt. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, APDL, BARC East, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Hilali, Mosaad/O-9443-2016; OI A. Hilali, Mosaad/0000-0002-9930-8501 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 143 IS 1 BP 18 EP 23 DI 10.1017/S0031182015001432 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA CZ7BM UT WOS:000367254900002 PM 26522448 ER PT J AU Donovan, GH Cerveny, LK Gatziolis, D AF Donovan, Geoffrey H. Cerveny, Lee K. Gatziolis, Demetrios TI If you build it, will they come? SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID RESIDENT-EMPLOYED PHOTOGRAPHY; RECREATION; ATTACHMENT; ETHNICITY; AMERICA AB National forests have a wealth of natural amenities that attract over 175 million recreational visitors a year. Although natural amenities draw visitors to national forests, many of the recreational activities that they-engage in require built amenities, such as roads, campgrounds, boat ramps, and trails. We estimate regression models of the effect of two common built amenities campgrounds and picnic areas on national-forest visitation controlling for natural amenities and accounting for the endogenous relationship between visitation,and built amenities. We found that campgrounds and picnic areas are significantly and positively correlated with visitation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Donovan, Geoffrey H.; Gatziolis, Demetrios] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Cerveny, Lee K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Donovan, GH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, 620 SW Main,Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205 USA. EM gdonovan@fs.fed.us; lcerveny@fs.fed.us NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9341 EI 1872-7050 J9 FOREST POLICY ECON JI Forest Policy Econ. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 62 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2015.11.002 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CY6QY UT WOS:000366535100017 ER PT J AU Snyder, SA Haight, RG AF Snyder, Stephanie A. Haight, Robert G. TI Application of the Maximal Covering Location Problem to Habitat Reserve Site Selection: A Review SO INTERNATIONAL REGIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW LA English DT Article DE maximal covering species problem; MCLP; biological conservation; p-median; binary integer programming ID FACILITY LOCATION; ENVIRONMENTAL DIVERSITY; SPECIES REPRESENTATION; EFFICIENT CONSERVATION; OPTIMIZATION APPROACH; BACKUP COVERAGE; MODELS; NETWORKS; BIODIVERSITY; DESIGN AB The Maximal Covering Location Problem (MCLP) is a classic model from the location science literature which has found wide application. One important application is to a fundamental problem in conservation biology, the Maximum Covering Species Problem (MCSP), which identifies land parcels to protect to maximize the number of species represented in the selected sites. We trace the evolution of the MCSP from the MCLP, review extensions, and offer suggestions for new lines of research related to the MCSP. C1 [Snyder, Stephanie A.; Haight, Robert G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Snyder, SA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM stephaniesnyder@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. NR 75 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0160-0176 EI 1552-6925 J9 INT REGIONAL SCI REV JI Int. Reg. Sci. Rev. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 39 IS 1 SI SI BP 28 EP 47 DI 10.1177/0160017614551276 PG 20 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Urban Studies GA CY8NT UT WOS:000366666200003 ER PT J AU Cha, JY Han, S Hong, HJ Cho, H Kim, D Kwon, Y Kwon, SK Crusemann, M Lee, YB Kim, JF Giaever, G Nislow, C Moore, BS Thomashow, LS Weller, DM Kwak, YS AF Cha, Jae-Yul Han, Sangjo Hong, Hee-Jeon Cho, Hyunji Kim, Daran Kwon, Youngho Kwon, Soon-Kyeong Cruesemann, Max Lee, Yong Bok Kim, Jihyun F. Giaever, Guri Nislow, Corey Moore, Bradley S. Thomashow, Linda S. Weller, David M. Kwak, Youn-Sig TI Microbial and biochemical basis of a Fusarium wilt-suppressive soil SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR NETWORKING; PLANT; GENES; PATHOGENS; BACTERIA AB Crops lack genetic resistance to most necrotrophic pathogens. To compensate for this disadvantage, plants recruit antagonistic members of the soil microbiome to defend their roots against pathogens and other pests. The best examples of this microbially based defense of roots are observed in disease-suppressive soils in which suppressiveness is induced by continuously growing crops that are susceptible to a pathogen, but the molecular basis of most is poorly understood. Here we report the microbial characterization of a Korean soil with specific suppressiveness to Fusarium wilt of strawberry. In this soil, an attack on strawberry roots by Fusarium oxysporum results in a response by microbial defenders, of which members of the Actinobacteria appear to have a key role. We also identify Streptomyces genes responsible for the ribosomal synthesis of a novel heat-stable antifungal thiopeptide antibiotic inhibitory to F. oxysporum and the antibiotic's mode of action against fungal cell wall biosynthesis. Both classical-and community-oriented approaches were required to dissect this suppressive soil from the field to the molecular level, and the results highlight the role of natural antibiotics as weapons in the microbial warfare in the rhizosphere that is integral to plant health, vigor and development. C1 [Cha, Jae-Yul; Kim, Daran; Kwon, Youngho; Kwak, Youn-Sig] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, IALS, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Cha, Jae-Yul; Kim, Daran; Kwon, Youngho; Kwak, Youn-Sig] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Plant Med, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Han, Sangjo] SK Telecom, Bioinformat Tech Lab, Songnam, South Korea. [Hong, Hee-Jeon] Univ Cambridge, Dept Biochem, Cambridge CB2 1QW, England. [Cho, Hyunji; Lee, Yong Bok; Kwak, Youn-Sig] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, RILS, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Cho, Hyunji; Lee, Yong Bok; Kwak, Youn-Sig] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Div Appl Life Sci, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Kwon, Soon-Kyeong; Kim, Jihyun F.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Syst Biol, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Kwon, Youngho; Kim, Jihyun F.] Yonsei Univ, Div Life Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Cruesemann, Max; Moore, Bradley S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Giaever, Guri; Nislow, Corey] Univ British Columbia, Pharmaceut Sci, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Thomashow, Linda S.; Weller, David M.] ARS, USDA, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA USA. RP Kwak, YS (reprint author), Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Plant Med, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju 660701, South Korea. EM kwak@gnu.ac.kr OI Crusemann, Max/0000-0001-6660-2715; Nislow, Corey/0000-0002-4016-8874 FU RDA of Korea [PJ010827]; Royal Society, UK [516002.K5677/ROG]; NRF grant [NRF-2011-0017670]; NIH grant [GM97509]; BK21 PLUS; DFG postdoctoral fellowship FX Part of this work was supported by RDA of Korea (PJ010827). Other funding included Royal Society, UK (516002.K5677/ROG) to HH, an NRF grant (NRF-2011-0017670) to JFK, NIH grant (GM97509) to BSM, BK21 PLUS to HC and S-KK and a DFG postdoctoral fellowship to MC. We thank Tim Paulitz for helpful discussions. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 22 U2 76 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 EI 1751-7370 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 119 EP 129 DI 10.1038/ismej.2015.95 PG 11 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA CY8PR UT WOS:000366671300013 PM 26057845 ER PT J AU Keefer, TO Renard, KG Goodrich, DC Heilman, P Unkrich, C AF Keefer, Timothy O. Renard, Kenneth G. Goodrich, David C. Heilman, Philip Unkrich, Carl TI Quantifying Extreme Rainfall Events and Their Hydrologic Response in Southeastern Arizona SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Walnut Gulch; Hydrology; Rainfall intensity; Rainfall frequency analysis; KINEROS2 ID SCALE; INTENSITIES; RUNOFF; ENVIRONMENT; MODEL AB Hydrologists are concerned with high-intensity rainfall and peak runoff rates for stormwater infrastructure designs, post-event assessments, and mitigation of environmental impacts. In the southwestern United States the need for accurate information about these rates is increasingly important as population growth and associated development are projected to exceed national averages. Design storm totals for various durations and return period frequencies are routinely derived from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Atlas 14 and are commonly used as input to hydrologic models to estimate peak runoff rates and runoff volumes. For the southwestern United States during the North American Monsoon, NOAA relies on sparse rain gauge networks to measure rainfall from limited area convective storms primarily at daily time steps and estimates of subdaily event intensities are derived by temporal downscaling from a few point locations. The USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Southwest Watershed Research Center (SWRC) operates the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW) in the vicinity of Tombstone, Arizona. SWRC maintains a database of 60 years of subdaily, high temporal-precision rainfall intensities and runoff rates for WGEW. Updated, temporally extended, rainfall intensity-duration-frequency relations for WGEW are presented. The current analysis includes intensity-duration-frequency relations for July, August, and September for 53 years, 1961-2013, for durations of 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min and return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 1,000 years. The 149 km(2) WGEW is large enough to select groups of four rain gauges whose event totals are independent. This allows combining of the four independent gauges' 53-year time series into a longer time series of 212 years. A comparison of WGEW-generated intensity-duration-frequency curves to those of NOAA Atlas 14 indicated good agreement. However, across the range of durations, many observed events on WGEW from gauges not used in the frequency analysis are much greater than the estimated 100-year event. The dense gauge network appears to capture a substantially greater number of low-frequency, extreme rainfall events not typically observed in sparse networks. To assess the hydrologic consequences of these extreme events they were used as input to a well-tested watershed model for a small gauged watershed that did not experience events of similar magnitude. Simulated runoff volumes and peak discharge rates were up to four times as large as the largest observed runoff event of record. These analyses offer insights into the benefit of long-term watershed research with spatially dense and high temporal resolution observations. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Keefer, Timothy O.; Renard, Kenneth G.; Goodrich, David C.; Heilman, Philip; Unkrich, Carl] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Keefer, TO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM tim.keefer@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 22 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 21 IS 1 AR 04015054 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001270 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CY9VG UT WOS:000366753800022 ER PT J AU Bautista, E Schlegel, JL Clemmens, AJ AF Bautista, E. Schlegel, J. L. Clemmens, A. J. TI The SRFR 5 Modeling System for Surface Irrigation SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION WAVE-EQUATION; ZERO-INERTIA AB The SRFR program is a modeling system for surface irrigation. It is a central component of WinSRFR, a software package for the hydraulic analysis of surface irrigation systems. SRFR solves simplified versions of the equations of unsteady open channel flow coupled to a user-selected infiltration model. SRFR was reprogrammed using a modern object-oriented architecture with the objective of facilitating its continued development and, thus, the addition of new modeling options and functionalities. The upgraded software is SRFR 5. An important component of the modeling system is the code that manages computational incidents. While the computational methods used by SRFR 5 have been widely tested and are generally robust, calculations are prone to failures due to problems with the solution of the nonlinear finite difference system of equations, discretization problems, and problems with the determination of the appropriate boundary condition at each computational time step. Code that manages computational incidents has been greatly enhanced in SRFR 5. SRFR 5 has undergone systematic testing, partly to fix programming errors, but also to improve computations leading to unacceptable volume balance errors. This article discusses the SRFR 5 modeling system and provides details about its computational methods, architecture, and new features. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Bautista, E.; Clemmens, A. J.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Clemmens, A. J.] West Consultants Inc, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. RP Bautista, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM eduardo.bautista@ars.usda.gov; james.schlegel@ars.usda.gov; bclemmens@westconsultants.com NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 EI 1943-4774 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN ENG JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 IS 1 AR 04015038 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000938 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA CY9UI UT WOS:000366751400014 ER PT J AU King, BA Bjorneberg, DL Trout, TJ Mateos, L Araujo, DF Costa, RN AF King, Bradley A. Bjorneberg, David L. Trout, Thomas J. Mateos, Luciano Araujo, Danielle F. Costa, Raimundo N. TI Estimation of Furrow Irrigation Sediment Loss Using an Artificial Neural Network SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SOIL-EROSION; RUNOFF; MODEL; PRODUCTIVITY; PREDICTION; MANAGEMENT; WATER AB The area irrigated by furrow irrigation in the United States has been steadily decreasing but still represents about 20% of the total irrigated area in the United States. Furrow irrigation sediment loss is a major water quality issue, and a method for estimating sediment loss is needed to quantify the environmental effects and estimate effectiveness and economic value of conservation practices. Artificial neural network (NN) modeling was applied to furrow irrigation to predict sediment loss as a function of hydraulic and soil conditions. A data set consisting of 1,926 furrow evaluations, spanning three continents and a wide range of hydraulic and soil conditions, was used to train and test a multilayer perceptron feed forward NN model. The final NN model consisted of 16 inputs, 19 hidden nodes in a single hidden layer, and 1 output node. Model efficiency (ME) of the NN model was ME=0.66 for the training data set and ME=0.80 for the test data set. The prediction performance for the complete data set of 1,926 furrow evaluations was ME=0.70 with an absolute sediment loss prediction error of less than +/- 5, +/- 10, +/- 20, and +/- 30kg per furrow for 35, 53, 72, and 85% of the data set values, respectively. The NN model is applicable to predicting sediment loss rates between 1 and 300kg per furrow for furrow lengths between 30 and 400m, slopes between 0.1 and 4%, flow rates between 5 and 75Lmin-1, and silt or sand particle-sized fractions between 0.1 and 0.75. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [King, Bradley A.; Bjorneberg, David L.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Trout, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Mateos, Luciano] CSIC, Insituto Agr Sostenible, Cordoba 14080, Spain. [Araujo, Danielle F.; Costa, Raimundo N.] Univ Fed Ceara, DENA, Dept Agr Engn, BR-60451970 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. RP King, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793N,3600E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM brad.king@ars.usda.gov; dave.bjorneberg@ars.usda.gov; Thomas.trout@ars.usda.gov; ag1mainl@uco.es; dannyellearaujo@gmail.com; rntcosta@ufc.br RI Mateos, Luciano/B-2309-2013; OI Mateos, Luciano/0000-0002-3046-6448; Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 FU Spanish Program R+D+i [CTM2013-45666-R] FX The participation of L. Mateos was as part of the project CTM2013-45666-R (Spanish Program R+D+i). NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 EI 1943-4774 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN ENG JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 IS 1 AR 04015031 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000932 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA CY9UI UT WOS:000366751400009 ER PT J AU Wolfe, ML Gese, EM Terletzky, P Stoner, DC Aubry, LM AF Wolfe, Michael L. Gese, Eric M. Terletzky, Pat Stoner, David C. Aubry, Lise M. TI Evaluation of harvest indices for monitoring cougar survival and abundance SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE abundance; competing risks; exploitation; harvest statistics; management; mortality; Puma concolor; survival ID CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; CARNIVORE MANAGEMENT; NATURAL MORTALITY; POPULATION; UTAH; EXPLOITATION; TREND AB Harvest indices are used by state wildlife management agencies to monitor population trends and set harvest quotas for furbearer species. Although harvest indices may be readily collected from hunters, the reliability of harvest indices for monitoring demography and abundance of the harvested species is rarely examined, particularly amongst large carnivores. The overall objective of this study was to assess whether cougar (Puma concolor) harvest statistics collected by wildlife managers were correlated with changes in cougar demography, mainly survival rates and abundance. We estimated key demographic parameters for 2 cougar populations in Utah over 17 years during which we monitored 235 radio-collared cougars. We then compared these demographic parameters to harvest statistics provided by the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources over the same time period for the Oquirrh-Stansbury (lightly harvested population) and Monroe (heavily harvested population) harvest management units. In the Oquirrh-Stansbury unit, the percent of harvested cougars >6 years old was positively correlated with annual survival, indicative of a population experiencing several years of high survival resulting in an older age structure. Percent of permits filled and cougar abundance were also significantly correlated, suggesting higher hunting success with increased density. In the Monroe management unit, the annual percent of permits filled was correlated with changes in overall annual survival and male and female annual survival. Of utmost importance, pursuit success (cougars treed/day) increased with the number of cougars on the unit suggesting that pursuit indices may be an informative metric for wildlife managers to determine cougar population trends. Because both management units were subjected to contrasting mortality regimes, results provided by this assessment could potentially be applied to additional management areas sharing similar ecological characteristics and harvest metrics. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Wolfe, Michael L.; Terletzky, Pat; Stoner, David C.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Gese, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Aubry, Lise M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Aubry, Lise M.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Wolfe, ML (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM lise.aubry@usu.edu FU Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Kennecott Utah Copper Division of the Rio Tinto Mining Company; Utah National Guard FX Logistical support was provided by the United States Forest Service, Fish Lake National Forest, and the United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center. This work relied to a great extent on the dedication of outstanding houndsmen (C. Mecham, M. Mecham, B. Bateman) and pilots (C. Shaffer, C. Hunt, and S. Biggs). D. L. Mitchell and C. Hendrix also contributed field assistance, and R. T. Skirpstunas conducted necropsies at the Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Lab. We are also grateful to K. D. Bunnell, A. J. Neville, and K. Rasmussen for advice and technical support. We are thankful to D. N. Koons for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Principal funding was provided by the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Kennecott Utah Copper Division of the Rio Tinto Mining Company, and the Utah National Guard. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 80 IS 1 BP 27 EP 36 DI 10.1002/jwmg.985 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CY6OC UT WOS:000366527700004 ER PT J AU Johnson, SR Berentsen, AR Ellis, C Davis, A Vercauteren, KC AF Johnson, Shylo R. Berentsen, Are R. Ellis, Christine Davis, Amy Vercauteren, Kurt C. TI Estimates of small Indian mongoose densities: Implications for rabies management SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE capture-mark-recapture; Herpestes auropunctatus; minimum number known alive; mongoose; population density; Puerto Rico; rabies; spatially explicit capture-recapture ID HERPESTES-JAVANICUS; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; UNITED-STATES; POPULATION-SIZE; PUERTO-RICO; MULTIMODEL INFERENCE; MODEL SELECTION; RAIN-FOREST; VACCINATION; SURVEILLANCE AB The small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) is an invasive species and rabies reservoir in Puerto Rico. In the continental United States, terrestrial wildlife rabies is primarily managed by the National Rabies Management Program (NRMP) of the United States Department of Agriculture through oral rabies vaccination (ORV); the distribution of the vaccine baits is influenced by the population density of the target species. The NRMP uses a density index for estimating raccoon (Procyon lotor) population density to guide bait distribution. In Puerto Rico, a wildlife rabies vaccination program does not exist and vaccination of domestic animals is limited and not compulsory. To acquire information on density and other population dynamics, we compared a mongoose density index (MDI) adapted from the NRMP raccoon density index (RDI) to 3 other methods (2 types of capture-mark-recapture [CAPTURE and MARK] and spatially explicit capture-recapture [SECR]) for estimating density that incorporate modeling procedures on detection probabilities, and examined the spatial distribution of mongooses within our study plots. We used the RDI trapping protocol modified for mongooses to livetrap mongooses in El Yunque National Forest (El Yunque) and Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge (Cabo Rojo) in fall of 2011 and spring of 2012 resulting in 4 trapping sessions. The MDI estimates were consistently less than those from other methods for estimating mongoose densities. The MDI detected a greater mongoose density during the wet season (0.55mongooses/ha) than the dry season (0.34mongooses/ha) at Cabo Rojo, consistent with all 3 other density estimation methods. Overall, the correlation coefficient between MDI and the other calculation methods was 0.68. When we examined known locations of mongooses and travel distances, we detected more mongooses in a smaller area within the study plot at Cabo Rojo than at El Yunque. The MDI provided information on the spatial distribution of mongooses, which will be needed to implement an ORV program to target mongooses in Puerto Rico. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Johnson, Shylo R.; Berentsen, Are R.; Ellis, Christine; Davis, Amy; Vercauteren, Kurt C.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Johnson, SR (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Shylo.R.Johnson@aphis.usda.gov FU National Wildlife Research Center FX We extend thanks to all the people that provided technical and logistical support to this study, especially P. F. Quinones, F. L. Boyd, O. A. Diaz, J. Padilla, F. J. Cano, R. Lopez-Ortiz, E. L. Blizzard, N. L. Mooers, B. Fuentes, A. Gomez, and J. D. Chinea. We also thank N. J. Crider and 2 anonymous referees for review of this manuscript. The research was funded by National Wildlife Research Center. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 80 IS 1 BP 37 EP 47 DI 10.1002/jwmg.998 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CY6OC UT WOS:000366527700005 ER PT J AU Craig, EC King, DT Sparks, JP Curtis, PD AF Craig, Elizabeth C. King, D. Tommy Sparks, Jed P. Curtis, Paul D. TI Aquaculture depredation by double-crested cormorants breeding in Eastern North America SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aquaculture; carbon-13; catfish; diet; double-crested cormorant; migration; nitrogen-15; Phalacrocorax auritus; sulfur-34 ID PHALACROCORAX-CARBO-SINENSIS; STABLE-ISOTOPES INDICATE; GREAT-LAKES; DELTA REGION; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; MIGRATION PATTERNS; POPULATION TRENDS; CHANNEL CATFISH; MISSISSIPPI; AURITUS AB The double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) has undergone population expansion throughout much of its historical range since the 1970s, resulting in increased pressure on foraging habitats including real and perceived competition with commercial and sport fisheries and impacts on the aquaculture industry. The specific objectives of this study were to determine the stable isotope ratios of birds wintering at aquaculture facilities and natural freshwater and marine habitats, and to determine what percent of birds at distinct breeding colonies wintered in each of these habitats. We exploited natural variation in isotopic ratios of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur (from feathers) to determine the winter habitat use (i.e., aquaculture, natural freshwater, or marine) of birds collected on their summer breeding grounds in the eastern United States (from Minnesota to Vermont). The distribution of winter habitat use varied significantly across breeding colonies and between male and female cormorants. More specifically, use of aquaculture winter habitat was most prevalent in birds breeding in Lake Huron and Lake Erie. Overall, aquaculture habitats were used more by males, and marine habitats were used more by females. The stable isotope approach used in this study provided dietary confirmation of previously observed migratory patterns in the double-crested cormorant. Because aquaculture was primarily used by males, and these males migrated to a broad range of breeding colonies, we suggest that targeting breeding birds to reduce aquaculture depredation is a less efficient strategy than managing birds at depredation sites on the wintering grounds. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Craig, Elizabeth C.] Cornell Univ, Field Zool & Wildlife Conservat, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [King, D. Tommy] USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi Field Stn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Sparks, Jed P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Curtis, Paul D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Craig, EC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Field Zool & Wildlife Conservat, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ecc79@cornell.edu FU Berryman Institute, Cornell University; United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center FX We thank A. Aderman, B. Buckingham, D. E. Capen, J. Feist, S. C. Lemmons, L. M. Mortelliti, S. C. Nelson, G. A. Nohrenberg, and Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Staff for help with sample collections. Funding for this research was provided by the Berryman Institute, Cornell University, and the United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center. NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 80 IS 1 BP 57 EP 62 DI 10.1002/jwmg.989 PG 6 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CY6OC UT WOS:000366527700007 ER PT J AU Wallace, ZP Kennedy, PL Squires, JR Olson, LE Oakleaf, RJ AF Wallace, Zachary P. Kennedy, Patricia L. Squires, John R. Olson, Lucretia E. Oakleaf, Robert J. TI Human-made structures, vegetation, and weather influence ferruginous hawk breeding performance SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE anthropogenic infrastructure; artificial nest platform; Buteo regalis; ferruginous hawk; fledgling production; nest survival; oil and gas development; prey abundance; severe weather; Wyoming ID NORTHERN SPOTTED OWLS; GREATER SAGE-GROUSE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SWAINSONS HAWKS; ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; SUPPLEMENTAL FOOD; HABITAT SELECTION; GAS DEVELOPMENT; NEST SURVIVAL; BARRED OWLS AB Studies of anthropogenic impacts on wildlife may produce inconclusive or biased results if they fail to account for natural sources of variation in breeding performance and do not use probabilistic sampling at a scale functional for management. We used stratified random sampling and generalized linear mixed models to test hypotheses on relationships of daily nest survival rate (DSR) and fledgling production with anthropogenic and environmental factors that influence reproduction in the ferruginous hawk (Buteo regalis). We conducted the study across ferruginous hawk range in Wyoming, USA, 2010-2012. We performed extensive field surveys of prey, vegetation, and nest substrates, and used spatially explicit data to quantify weather, and the most widespread forms of anthropogenic infrastructure (i.e., roads, oil and gas well pads) in ferruginous hawk territories. We found strong evidence that DSR and productivity were greater for nests on anthropogenic structures (i.e., artificial nest platforms, gas condensation tanks, abandoned windmill platforms, power poles) compared to natural substrates (i.e., trees, cliffs, rock outcrops). Additionally, ferruginous hawks produced more fledglings at territories with greater shrub cover and fewer severe storms during the June brood-rearing period. Amount of oil and gas development and prey was not associated with either measure of breeding performance. Our results suggest that artificial nest platforms are an effective tool to improve breeding success of ferruginous hawks and nesting on anthropogenic structures does not constitute an ecological trap for this species. Although ferruginous hawks nested in some areas with very little vegetative cover, territories with greater amounts of shrub cover produced more fledglings. The negative impact of severe spring storms on fledgling production illustrates the importance of including future weather scenarios in management planning for this species because storms are predicted to increase in frequency and intensity as a result of climate change. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Wallace, Zachary P.; Kennedy, Patricia L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Union, OR 97883 USA. [Wallace, Zachary P.; Kennedy, Patricia L.] Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr & Nat Resource Program, Union, OR 97883 USA. [Squires, John R.; Olson, Lucretia E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Oakleaf, Robert J.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Lander, WY 82520 USA. RP Wallace, ZP (reprint author), Eagle Environm Inc, POB 2495, Taos, NM 87571 USA. EM pat.kennedy@oregonstate.edu FU U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Bureau of Land Management; Wyoming Game and Fish Department; Wyoming Wildlife Heritage Foundation; Wyoming Governor's Office; PacifiCorp; Pathfinder Renewable Wind Energy FX We thank the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Bureau of Land Management, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department for providing assistance with study design and data collection. We thank the Oregon State University Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, and Eastern Oregon Agriculture and Natural Resource Program for providing technical, field, and administrative support. We thank R. Mata-Gonzalez for advice on vegetation sampling design; pilots B. D. Laird, D. J. Stinson, N. S. Cadwell, K. E. Overfield, D. H. France, and D. E. Savage; field technicians J. C. Broderick, R. M. Buchheit, J. W. Caraway, J. P. Ceradini, W. D. Chrismon, N. D. Dobric, A. C. Greenawalt, T. K. Hunter, A. L. Larned, R. G. Lawrence, J. M. Lipke, P. J. Mahoney, R. N. Mong, B. L. Price, M. C. Raikes, S. P. Sellers, E. J. Whitehead, M. O. Wilson, and R. J. Wiltzen; and all private land owners who granted access. L. S. Baggett of the U. S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station assisted with model selection and goodness-of-fit tests for logistic-exposure models, and J. L. Brown, J. E. Bruggeman, and J. J. Rotella offered advice via email. SAS and all other SAS Institute product or service names are registered trademarks of SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA, (C) 2014. Funding was provided by the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Bureau of Land Management, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department, the Wyoming Wildlife Heritage Foundation, Wyoming Governor's Office, PacifiCorp, and Pathfinder Renewable Wind Energy. NR 102 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 80 IS 1 BP 78 EP 90 DI 10.1002/jwmg.1000 PG 13 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CY6OC UT WOS:000366527700009 ER PT J AU Zhu, XL Helmer, EH Gao, F Liu, DS Chen, J Lefsky, MA AF Zhu, Xiaolin Helmer, Eileen H. Gao, Feng Liu, Desheng Chen, Jin Lefsky, Michael A. TI A flexible spatiotemporal method for fusing satellite images with different resolutions SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Spatiotemporal; Data fusion; Landsat; MODIS; Reflectance; Time-series ID MODIS DATA FUSION; REFLECTANCE FUSION; TIME-SERIES; LAND-COVER; BLENDING LANDSAT; PLUS DATA; MODEL; AVAILABILITY; LANDSCAPES; ALGORITHM AB Studies of land surface dynamics in heterogeneous landscapes often require remote sensing data with high acquisition frequency and high spatial resolution. However, no single sensor meets this requirement. This study presents a new spatiotemporal data fusion method, the Flexible Spatiotemporal DAta Fusion (FSDAF) method, to generate synthesized frequent high spatial resolution images through blending two types of data, i.e., frequent coarse spatial resolution data, such as that from MODIS, and less frequent high spatial resolution data such as that from Landsat. The proposed method is based on spectral unmixing analysis and a thin plate spline interpolator. Compared with existing spatiotemporal data fusion methods, it has the following strengths: (1) it needs minimum input data; (2) it is suitable for heteregeneous landscapes; and (3) it can predict both gradual change and land cover type change. Simulated data and real satellite images were used to test the performance of the proposed method. Its performance was compared with two very popular methods, the Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (STARFM) and an unmixing-based data fusion (UBDF) method. Results show that the new method creates more accurate fused images and keeps more spatial detail than STARFM and UBDF. More importantly, it closely captures reflectance changes caused by land cover conversions, which is a big issue with current spatiotemporal data fusion methods. Because the proposed method uses simple principles and needs only one fine-resolution image as input, it has the potential to increase the availability of high-resolution time-series data that can support studies of rapid land surface dynamics. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Xiaolin; Lefsky, Michael A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Helmer, Eileen H.] USDA ARS, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. [Gao, Feng] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Desheng] Ohio State Univ, Dept Geog, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Chen, Jin] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, XL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, NESB 108,1499 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM zhuxiaolin55@gmail.com RI Zhu, Xiaolin/K-8175-2012; Chen, Jin/A-6417-2011; Chen, Lijun/Q-5012-2016; Liu, Desheng/A-9356-2011 OI Zhu, Xiaolin/0000-0001-6967-786X; Chen, Jin/0000-0002-6497-4141; FU USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry [13-CA-11120101-029]; Southern Research Station Forest Inventory and Analysis Program FX This study was supported by the USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry (cooperative agreement 13-CA-11120101-029) and the Southern Research Station Forest Inventory and Analysis Program, and it was conducted in cooperation with the University of Puerto Rico and the Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 11 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 172 BP 165 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2015.11.016 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CY9ZI UT WOS:000366764500013 ER PT J AU Root, JJ Bosco-Lauth, AM Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H Bowen, RA AF Root, J. Jeffrey Bosco-Lauth, Angela M. Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle Bowen, Richard A. TI Experimental infection of peridomestic mammals with emergent H7N9 (A/Anhui/1/2013) influenza A virus: Implications for biosecurity and wet markets SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cottontail rabbit; Experimental infection; Influenza A virus; H7N9; Mammals; Mephitis; Pathology; Procyon; Raccoon; Shedding; Skunk; Sylvilagus ID AVIAN INFLUENZA; WILD RACCOONS; CHINA; H5N1; FERRETS; TRANSMISSION; MODEL; MICE AB During 2013, a novel avian-origin H7N9 influenza A virus (IAV) emerged in China and subsequently caused large economic and public health burdens. We experimentally infected three common peridomestic wild mammals with H7N9 (A/Anhui/1/2013) IAV. Striped skunks exhibited the highest burden of disease followed by raccoons and cottontail rabbits. Striped skunks also produced the highest levels of viral shedding (up to 10(6.4) PFU/mL nasal flush) followed by cottontail rabbits (up to 10(5.8) PFU/mL nasal flush) and raccoons (up to 10(5.2) PFU/mL nasal flush). Thus, various mammalian species, especially those that are peridomestic, could play a role in the epidemiology of emergent H7N9 IAV. Mammals should be accounted for in biosecurity plans associated with H7N9 and their presence in wet markets, dependent on species, could lead to increased transmission among interspecific species aggregations and may also pose an elevated zoonotic disease risk to visitors and workers of such markets. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Root, J. Jeffrey] USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Bosco-Lauth, Angela M.; Bowen, Richard A.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle] Univ Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. RP Root, JJ (reprint author), USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jeff.root@aphis.usda.gov FU USDA FX We thank the National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) animal care staff for excellent animal care, NWRC rabies project personnel for assistance with obtaining and processing skunks, and NWRC staff for assistance with animal processing and with ELISAs. The opinions and conclusions of this article are those of the authors and do necessarily represent those of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) or Colorado State University. The mention of commercial products herein is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement or censure. Funding was provided by the USDA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 487 BP 242 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2015.10.020 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA CY5HK UT WOS:000366438500026 PM 26550948 ER PT J AU Marini, JC AF Marini, Juan C. TI Interrelationships between glutamine and citrulline metabolism SO CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE LA English DT Article DE arginine; citrulline; glutamine; stable isotopes ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIALS; NOVO ARGININE SYNTHESIS; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; NITROGEN DONOR; CRITICAL ILLNESS; SUPPLEMENTATION; METAANALYSIS; PRECURSOR; ORNITHINE; OUTCOMES AB Purpose of reviewThis article analyzes the contribution of glutamine to the synthesis of citrulline and reviews the evidence that glutamine supplementation increases citrulline production.Recent findingsGlutamine supplementation has been proposed in the treatment of critically ill patients; however, a recent large multicenter randomized controlled trial resulted in increased mortality in the glutamine-supplemented group. Within this context, defining the contribution of glutamine to the production of citrulline, and thus to de-novo arginine synthesis, has become a pressing issue.SummaryThe beneficial effects of glutamine supplementation may be partially mediated by the effects of glutamine on citrulline synthesis by the gut and the de-novo synthesis of arginine by the kidney and other tissues. Although there is no strong evidence to support that glutamine is a major precursor for citrulline synthesis in humans, glutamine has the potential to increase overall gut function and in this way increase citrulline production. C1 [Marini, Juan C.] Baylor Coll Med, Sect Crit Care Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Marini, Juan C.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Marini, JC (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Sect Crit Care Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM marini@bcm.edu FU NIH [R01GM108940] FX This work was supported by NIH grant R01GM108940. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1363-1950 EI 1473-6519 J9 CURR OPIN CLIN NUTR JI Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care PD JAN PY 2016 VL 19 IS 1 BP 62 EP 66 DI 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000233 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CY4CU UT WOS:000366357000011 PM 26560519 ER PT J AU Williams, MM AF Williams, Martin M., II TI Relationships among phenotypic traits of sweet corn and tolerance to crowding stress SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Maize; Plant density tolerance; Shrunken-2 ID ZEA-MAYS L.; POPULATION-DENSITY; TEMPERATE MAIZE; PLANT-DENSITY; HYBRIDS; QUALITY AB Crowding stress tolerance is defined as the extent to which the crop maintains yield per unit area as plant population density increases beyond standard levels. Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown for processing vary widely in tolerance to crowding stress; however, the mechanisms involved in crowding stress tolerance are unknown. The objective of the study was to determine the extent to which crop traits, individually and in combination, relate to crowding stress tolerance in processing sweet corn. Twenty-six modern shrunken-2 processing hybrids from eight sources were grown under conditions of crowding stress (i.e. 72,000 plants ha(-1)) over a three-year period. Seventeen crop traits measured from emergence to harvest were related to four measures of crowding stress tolerance, including ear mass, recovery, case production, and gross profit margin. Of individual crop traits, kernel mass plant(-1) was among the best predictors of crowding stress tolerance in processing sweet corn, as long as sweet corn lines were grown at a uniformly high plant population. Two categories of traits related to crowding stress tolerance in sweet corn, including a 'source-sink relationship' factor and a 'photosynthetic capacity' factor. Factor regression showed the combination of traits loading into the source-sink relationship factor was positively related to ear mass, case production, and gross profit margin. This research points to the underlying mechanisms involved in crowding stress tolerance in processing sweet corn. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Williams, Martin M., II] Univ Illinois, Global Change & Photosynth Res, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Williams, MM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Global Change & Photosynth Res, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM martin.williams@ars.usda.gov OI Williams, Martin/0000-0002-6302-7724 FU Midwest Food Processors Association FX I wish to thank Nick Hausman, Jim Moody, Ronnie Warsaw, and the many students who helped conduct the research. Juliann Seebauer provided valuable comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. Thanks to the Midwest Food Processors Association for supporting the research. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 EI 1872-6852 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 185 BP 45 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2015.10.022 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CY2FV UT WOS:000366225100006 ER PT J AU Gleadow, RM Ottman, MJ Kimball, BA Wall, GW Pinter, PJ LaMorte, RL Leavitt, SW AF Gleadow, R. M. Ottman, M. J. Kimball, B. A. Wall, G. W. Pinter, P. J., Jr. LaMorte, R. L. Leavitt, S. W. TI Drought-induced changes in nitrogen partitioning between cyanide and nitrate in leaves and sterns of sorghum grown at elevated CO2 are age dependent SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Forage; Climate change; Plant defence; Dhurrin; FACE ID CASSAVA MANIHOT-ESCULENTA; FORAGE SORGHUM; CYANOGENIC GLYCOSIDES; HYDROGEN-CYANIDE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PLANT; DEFENSE; STRESS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ENRICHMENT AB Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is the world's fifth most important crop, grown for forage, grain, and as a biofuel. Fast growing and drought tolerant, it is increasingly being planted as a climate change-ready alternative to maize. All parts of the sorghum plant except the grain contain the cyanogenic glucoside dhurrin, which breaks down to release hydrogen cyanide (prussic acid) when plant tissue is disrupted. Fresh forage, hay and silage may be toxic to stock when derived from plants that are young, droughted or heavily fertilized. Sorghum also stores nitrate, which can cause nitrite toxicity. The impact of elevated CO2 on dhurrin and nitrate concentration is unknown. It is important to understand how global environmental change will affect composition in order to be able to predict the safety of the crop in coming decades. Sorghum was grown experimentally at elevated CO2 in two free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments at ambient and elevated CO2 (ca. 550 ppm) and either irrigated regularly or only once after sowing in consecutive years and sampled at different stages of development. Since FACE-grown sorghum has been shown to have improved water status we hypothesized that they would contain less dhurrin. We found the most important factors governing cyanide concentration were (in decreasing order): plant age, irrigation treatment and tissue type. For nitrate, tissue type was by far the most important factor, followed by plant age, and then irrigation treatment. The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere had no significant effect on the total nitrogen concentration, or the concentrations of cyanide and nitrate. As sorghum is becomes more widely used for forage, it will be important to have simple methods to assess the cyanide levels in the field or to develop new, low cyanogenic varieties to ensure that it is safe for grazing. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gleadow, R. M.] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Ottman, M. J.; Leavitt, S. W.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Kimball, B. A.; Wall, G. W.; Pinter, P. J., Jr.; LaMorte, R. L.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Leavitt, S. W.] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Gleadow, RM (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM ros.gleadow@monash.edu OI Gleadow, Roslyn/0000-0003-4756-0411 FU Australian Research Council [LP100100434, DP130101049]; Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Sciences Division [DE-AI03-97ER62461]; USDA, Agricultural Research Service; USDA, Competitive Grants Program [97-35109-5065] FX This research was funded in part by the Australian Research Council LP100100434 and DP130101049 (R.M. Gleadow-PI). We thank Prof. Birger Linberg Moller for use of laboratory facilities at The University of Copenhagen and Svern Rosen for technical assistance. The FACE research was supported by Interagency Agreement No. DE-AI03-97ER62461 between the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Sciences Division and the USDA, Agricultural Research Service (Bruce A. Kimball, PI); by Grant No. 97-35109-5065 from the USDA, Competitive Grants Program to the University of Arizona (Steven W. Leavitt, PI); and by the USDA, Agricultural Research Service. It is part of the DOE/NSF/NASA/USDA/EPA Joint Program on Terrestrial Ecology and Global Change (TECO III). This work contributes to the Global Change Terrestrial Ecosystem (GCTE) Core Research Programme, which is part of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP). We also acknowledge the helpful cooperation of Dr. Robert Roth and his staff at the Maricopa Agricultural Center. Portions of the FACE apparatus were furnished by Brookhaven National Laboratory, and we are grateful to Mr. Keith Lewin, Dr. John Nagy, and Dr. George Hendrey for assisting in its installation and consulting about its use. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 EI 1872-6852 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 185 BP 97 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2015.10.010 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CY2FV UT WOS:000366225100012 ER PT J AU Konsuer, KM Rhoads, BL Langendoen, EJ Best, JL Ursic, ME Abad, JD Garcia, MH AF Konsuer, Kory M. Rhoads, Bruce L. Langendoen, Eddy J. Best, James L. Ursic, Mick E. Abad, Jorge D. Garcia, Marcelo H. TI Spatial variability in bank resistance to erosion on a large meandering, mixed bedrock-alluvial river SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Floodplain resistance; Meandering; Bank erosion; Riparian vegetation; Bedrock-alluvial river ID PORE-WATER PRESSURE; COHESIVE STREAMBEDS; SHEAR-STRENGTH; STABILITY; MODEL; VEGETATION; SEEPAGE; CHANNEL; FLOW; EVOLUTION AB Spatial heterogeneity in the erosion-resistance properties of the channel banks and floodplains associated with sediment characteristics, vegetation, or bedrock can have a substantial influence on the morphodynamics of meandering rivers, resulting in highly variable rates of bank erosion and complex patterns of planform evolution. Although past studies have examined the spatial variability in bank erodibility within small rivers, this aspect of the erosion-resistance properties for large rivers remains poorly understood. Furthermore, with the exception of recent numerical modeling that incorporates stochastic variability of floodplain erosional resistance, most models of meandering river dynamics have assumed uniform erodibility of the bank and floodplain materials. The present paper investigates the lateral and vertical heterogeneity in bank material properties and riparian vegetation within two elongate meander loops on a large mixed bedrock-alluvial river using several geotechnical field and laboratory methods. Additionally, the bank stability and toe-erosion numerical model (BSTEM) and repeat terrestrial LiDAR surveys are used to evaluate the capacity of the bank material properties to modify the rates and mechanisms of bank retreat. Results show that the textural properties of the bank materials, soil cohesion, and critical shear stress necessary for sediment entrainment differ substantially between the two bends and are also highly variable within each bend laterally and vertically. Trees growing along the banks increase the resistance to erosion by contributing to the shear strength of the bank materials and are capable of increasing bank stability along a large river. Locally outcropping bedrock also influences bank erodibility in both bends. The results of this study demonstrate that spatial variability in the erosion-resistance properties of the channel banks is an important factor contributing to spatial variability in the rates and mechanisms of bank erosion determined from short-term studies of bank retreat and long-term analysis of changes in channel planform. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Konsuer, Kory M.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geog & Anthropol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Rhoads, Bruce L.; Best, James L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geog & Geog Informat Sci, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Langendoen, Eddy J.; Ursic, Mick E.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Best, James L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Best, James L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Best, James L.] Univ Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosyst Lab, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Abad, Jorge D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Garcia, Marcelo H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ven Te Chow Hydrosyst Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Konsuer, KM (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geog & Anthropol, 227 Howe Russell Kniffen Geosci Complex, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM kkonsoer@lsu.edu; brhoads@illinois.edu; eddy.langendoen@ars.usda.gov; jimbest@illinois.edu; mick.ursic@ars.usda.gov; jabad@pitt.edu; mhgarcia@illinois.edu RI Best, Jim/P-8440-2015; OI Best, Jim/0000-0001-5314-6140; Konsoer, Kory/0000-0001-6554-4031; Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 FU NSF - DDRI [1129889]; NSF - EAR [0952242]; Geological Society of America graduate student research grant [9657-11] FX The authors would like to thank Jessica Zinger, David Waterman, Christian Frias, Cesar Simon, Frank Engel, Quinn Lewis, and Muhammad Umar for their assistance with field work. Thanks are also extended to Muhammad Umar and Jacqueline Costello for their help with particle size analyses. We would also like to thank Drew Phillips for providing the aerial LiDAR data. The quality of this manuscript was improved through the helpful comments and suggestions from two anonymous reviewers. Funding for this research was provided by NSF - DDRI #1129889, NSF - EAR #0952242, and Geological Society of America graduate student research grant #9657-11. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 11 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 252 SI SI BP 80 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.08.002 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CY0BO UT WOS:000366071400008 ER PT J AU Magilligan, FJ Nislow, KH Kynard, BE Hackman, AM AF Magilligan, F. J. Nislow, K. H. Kynard, B. E. Hackman, A. M. TI Immediate changes in stream channel geomorphology, aquatic habitat, and fish assemblages following dam removal in a small upland catchment SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dam removal; River restoration; Channel recovery; Fish habitat; Fragmentation ID JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON; ELWHA RIVER; RESERVOIR SEDIMENT; WASHINGTON; USA; RESTORATION; WISCONSIN; INFRASTRUCTURE; DEPOSITION; MAGNITUDE AB Dam removal is becoming an increasingly important component of river restoration, with >1100 dams having been removed nationwide over the past three decades. Despite this recent progression of removals, the lack of pre- to post-removal monitoring and assessment limits our understanding of the magnitude, rate, and sequence of geomorphic and/or ecological recovery to dam removal. Taking advantage of the November 2012 removal of an old (similar to 190 year-old) 6-m high, run-of-river industrial dam on Amethyst Brook (26 km(2)) in central Massachusetts, we identify the immediate eco-geomorphic responses to removal. To capture the geomorphic responses to dam removal, we collected baseline data at multiple scales, both upstream (similar to 300 m) and downstream (>750 m) of the dam, including monumented cross sections, detailed channel-bed longitudinal profiles, embeddedness surveys, and channel-bed grain size measurements, which were repeated during the summer of 2013. These geomorphic assessments were combined with detailed quantitative electrofishing surveys of stream fish richness and abundance above and below the dam site and throughout the watershed and visual surveys of native anadromous sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) nest sites. Post-removal assessments were complicated by two events: (1) upstream knickpoint migration exhumed an older (ca. late eighteenth century) intact wooden crib dam similar to 120 m upstream of the former stone dam, and (2) the occurrence of a 10-20 year RI flood 6 months after removal that caused further upstream incision and downstream aggradation. Now that the downstream reach has been reconnected to upstream sediment supply, the predominant geomorphic response was bed aggradation and associated fining (30-60% reduction). At dam proximal locations, aggradation ranged from 03 to >1 m where a large woody debris jam enhanced aggradation. Although less pronounced, distal locations still showed aggradation with a mean depth of deposition of similar to 0.20 m over the 750-m downstream reach. Post-removal, but pre-flood, bed surveys indicate similar to 2 m of incision had migrated 25 m upstream of the former reservoir before encountering the exhumed dam, which now acts as the new grade control, limiting progressive headcutting. Approximately 1000 m(3) of sediment was evacuated in the first year, with similar to 67% of the volume occurring by pre-flood, process-driven (e.g., changes in base level) controls, The combination of changes in channel-bed sedimentology, the occurrence of a large magnitude flood, and the emergence of the new crib darn that is a likely barrier to fish movement was associated with major reductions in abundance and richness in sites downstream and immediately upstream adjacent to the former dam in post-removal sampling. At the same time, we documented the presence of four species of fish, including sea lamprey, which were not present above the dam prior to removal, indicating that upstream passage has been achieved; and we also documented lamprey spawning activity at sites immediately below the darn, which had previously been unsuitable owing to an excessively coarse and armored riverbed. Our results point to the importance of interactions between dam removal and flood disturbance effects, with important implications for short- and long-term monitoring and assessment of dam impacts to river systems. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Magilligan, F. J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Geog, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Nislow, K. H.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA USA. [Kynard, B. E.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Hackman, A. M.] Massachusetts Div Ecol Restorat, Boston, MA USA. RP Magilligan, FJ (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Geog, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM magilligan@dartmouth.edu FU National Science Foundation [BCS: 1263519]; Rockefeller Center at Dartmouth College [061511] FX This research was funded in part by the National Science Foundation (BCS: 1263519) and by the Rockefeller Center at Dartmouth College (Grant #061511). The authors would like to thank Eirik Buraas, John Gartner, Matt Pierce, Abby Franklin, Helen Doyle, Evan Dethier, Paul Damkot, Jason Coombs, and Keith Kantack for their help with field work. Jonathan Chipman provided great geospatial insights and fantastic cartography. This manuscript benefited from discussions held at the USGS Powell Center in Fort Collins, CO and from insightful comments and reviews by Noah Snyder and Bruce Rhoads. Lastly, FJM would like to thank Will Graf for his friendship, intellectual and professional guidance, and early and often mentoring. Will has pioneered several important research trajectories and all of us studying the impacts of dams and of dam removal on fluvial systems are in perpetual gratitude for his prescient foresight into these topics. Thanks Will. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 39 U2 139 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 252 SI SI BP 158 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.07.027 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CY0BO UT WOS:000366071400013 ER PT B AU Couse, LJ Recchia, SL AF Couse, Leslie J. Recchia, Susan L. BE Couse, LJ Recchia, SL TI FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD TEACHER EDUCATION SO HANDBOOK OF EARLY CHILDHOOD TEACHER EDUCATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Couse, Leslie J.] Univ New Hampshire, Educ, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Couse, Leslie J.] Geisel Sch Med Dartmouth, Pediat, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. [Couse, Leslie J.] Dept Educ, New York, NY USA. [Couse, Leslie J.] USDA, Off Special Educ, Washington, DC USA. [Recchia, Susan L.] Columbia Univ, Teachers Coll, Integrated Early Childhood Program, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Recchia, Susan L.] Rita Gold Early Childhood Ctr, New York, NY USA. RP Couse, LJ (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Educ, Durham, NH 03824 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-0-415-73676-3; 978-1-315-81824-5; 978-0-415-73675-6 PY 2016 BP 379 EP 387 PG 9 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BD8YZ UT WOS:000364473800027 ER PT J AU Xu, MX Li, Q Wilson, G AF Xu, Mingxiang Li, Qiang Wilson, Glenn TI Degradation of soil physicochemical quality by ephemeral gully erosion on sloping cropland of the hilly Loess Plateau, China SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cultivated slope land; Ephemeral gully erosion; Soil quality; Physicochemical property; Soil degradation ID CULTIVATED CATCHMENTS; NORTHEAST CHINA; RETREAT RATES; BLACK SOIL; PRODUCTIVITY; REGION; BASIN; ERODIBILITY; PREDICTION; THRESHOLD AB Ephemeral gully erosion (EGE) is a common type of shallow linear erosion that exerts a major threat to the productivity and sustainability of agricultural systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of EGE on soil physicochemical properties that determine soil quality. It was hypothesized that sites with EGE exhibit significant changes in soil physiochemical properties compared with sites without EGE. This study used a paired sampling method to compare the soil physiochemical properties of soil at 0-2, 2-5, and 5-10 cm depth of ephemeral gully bottoms to inter-gully areas (CM) in croplands of the hilly Loess Plateau of China. The results showed that EGE posed a threat to soil physicochemical properties and thus the soil quality index was progressively reduced as EGE increased. Reductions in soil quality index were observed as stages of EGE (depth of gully) increased. Three critical EGE stages were defined by <10 cm and >= 30 cm depths of gully where the soil quality index decreased significantly. Compared with the CM, the 0-2 cm depth of the gully bottom was essentially a net soil deposition layer, especially for the first erosion stage (gully < 10 cm deep). Soil nutrient loss was greatest in the 2-5 cm depth. Soil physical properties were more susceptible and fragile to EGE than soil nutrients. Degradation of soil physical-dominated properties occurred in the first erosion stage, with key factors being erodibility (K value), silt content, specific surface area (SSA) and mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD), whereas soil degradation was mainly caused by losses of soil available nutrients during the subsequent erosion stages. This approach of combining field ground-truth survey with laboratory analysis to study the in-situ impact of ephemeral gully erosion on soil physicochemical properties aids in understanding the features of soil degradation caused by EGE. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Mingxiang] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dry Land Farming, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Xu, Mingxiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Qiang] Bur Agr, Zizhou 718400, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Wilson, Glenn] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Watershed Phys Proc Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Xu, MX (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dry Land Farming, 26 Xinong Rd, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM xumx@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU Special Program for Basic Research of the Ministry of Science and Technology, China [2014FY210100]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171422, 41271298]; 'Western Light' Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences FX This research was financially supported by the Special Program for Basic Research of the Ministry of Science and Technology, China (2014FY210100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41171422, 41271298), and the 'Western Light' Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. We express our gratitude to the anonymous reviewers and editors for their constructive comments and suggestions. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 12 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 EI 1879-3444 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 155 SI SI BP 9 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.still.2015.07.012 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CX9ZV UT WOS:000366066200002 ER PT J AU Purakayastha, TJ Das, KC Gaskin, J Harris, K Smith, JL Kumari, S AF Purakayastha, T. J. Das, K. C. Gaskin, Julia Harris, Keith Smith, J. L. Kumari, Savita TI Effect of pyrolysis temperatures on stability and priming effects of C3 and C4 biochars applied to two different soils SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE C3 and C4 biochar; Biochar characterization; C stability; delta C-13 signatures; C mineralization; Priming effect ID BLACK CARBON; ORGANIC-MATTER; NITROGEN TRANSFORMATIONS; CONTRASTING SOILS; PLANT-GROWTH; SHORT-TERM; MINERALIZATION; CHARCOAL; OXIDATION; SORPTION AB Biochar (BC) is a recalcitrant soil amendment that is being used for long-term carbon sequestration while also enhancing soil fertility. In an effort to better understand the interaction of soil type and biochar type, Mollisol (Minnesota) and Ultisol (Georgia) were incubated with biochars prepared from C3 (rice hull and wheat straw) and C4 (maize stover and switch grass) crop residues at 400 degrees C and 600 degrees C and the stability of biochar was studied by CO2 evolution measurements for 60 days. The C3 and C4 biochars were applied to the Ultisol and Mollisol samples which had a long term history of cropping with C4 and C3 crops, respectively. Overall the total and fixed C content of biochar increased, while the N content decreased with increase in pyrolysis temperature from 400 degrees C to 600 degrees C, thus increasing the C:N of the biochar. The volatile matter component of biochar decreased significantly at the higher pyrolysis temperature. In the Mollisol, the wheat straw biochar prepared (WSBC) at 600 degrees C was more stable than the rice hull biochar (RHBC). However, in the Ultisol, RHBC was more stable than the WSBC. Corn stover biochar (CSBC) prepared at 600 degrees C showed greater stability in both the Mollisol and Ultisol. The WSBC and CSBC prepared at 600 degrees C which showed negative priming of native soil organic matter (SOM) had greater potential for long term carbon sequestration in soil. The delta C-13 signatures of the CO2 evolved on the 2nd day matched delta C-13 signatures of biochar confirming the contribution of biochar. On days 9 and 20 the delta C-13 signatures matched that of control soil indicating very little or no contribution of biochar to CO2 evolution. In spite of significant changes in pH and EC of soil biochar mixtures, these parameters had no effect on C mineralization. Nonlinear regression model confirms that the decomposition rate constant was higher in the 400 degrees C biochar than in the 600 degrees C biochar. Corn biochar prepared at 600 degrees C could be useful for enhancing carbon storage in both the Mollisol and Ultisol. Soil organic matter level might have controlled the direction and magnitude of priming effect. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Purakayastha, T. J.; Kumari, Savita] Indian Agr Res Inst, Div Soil Sci & Agr Chem, New Delhi 110012, India. [Das, K. C.] Univ Georgia, Driftmier Engn Ctr, Coll Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gaskin, Julia; Harris, Keith] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Smith, J. L.] USDA ARS, Pacific West Area Land Management, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Smith, J. L.] Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Purakayastha, TJ (reprint author), Indian Agr Res Inst, Div Soil Sci & Agr Chem, New Delhi 110012, India. EM tpurakayastha@gmail.com FU Fulbright Nehru Scholarship Commission in India; Fulbright Scholarship Board, Washington DC FX The first author is extremely thankful to the Fulbright Nehru Scholarship Commission in India and the Fulbright Scholarship Board, Washington DC for providing necessary fund in the form of Fulbright Nehru Senior Research Fellowship to carry out the research work. We acknowledge Dr Allan J Franzlubbers of USDA, Raleigh, NC and Dr Harry Schomberg, USDA-ARS Unit, Beltsville, MD for providing the temperature controlled chamber to carry out the respiration study and Debbie Bikfasy, USDA-ARS Unit, Pullman, WA for delta13C signature analysis. Sincere thanks to Dr Kurt Spokas, USDA St. Paul, MN for sending the samples of Mollisols for the study. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 12 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 EI 1879-3444 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 155 SI SI BP 107 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.still.2015.07.011 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CX9ZV UT WOS:000366066200013 ER PT J AU Li, H Cruse, RM Bingner, RL Gesch, KR Zhang, XY AF Li, Hao Cruse, Richard M. Bingner, Ronald L. Gesch, Karl R. Zhang, Xingyi TI Evaluating ephemeral gully erosion impact on Zea mays L. yield and economics using AnnAGNPS SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ephemeral gully; Economic loss; Crop yield; AnnAGNPS ID CONCENTRATED FLOW EROSION; DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS; SOIL-EROSION; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; VINEYARD FIELDS; RUNOFF; WATERSHEDS; SPAIN; RATES AB Ephemeral gully erosion causes serious water quality and economic problems in the Midwest United States. A critical barrier to soil conservation practice adoption is often the implementation cost, although it is recognized that erosion reduces farm income. Yet few, if any, understand the relationship between cost of conservation practice implementation and potential economic benefit gained from erosion control practices, especially as related to ephemeral gully erosion. The objectives of this research are to: (1) evaluate the soil loss and corresponding topsoil depth reduction due to annually ephemeral gully filling; and (2) estimate the economic loss associated with the crop production reduction attributed to topsoil thinning. Surface runoff and watershed sediment yield were flume measured at the approximately 1-ha drainage scale in Iowa. Sediment yield of the developing ephemeral gully was partitioned from measured total watershed sediment loss, by modeling ephemeral gully development with the Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution model (AnnAGNPS), and subtracting this soil loss value from the flume measured watershed total. Topsoil thinning in the adjacent area used to fill the ephemeral gully was calculated based on the corresponding ephemeral gully sediment yield. The effect of A horizon thickness on corn yield obtained from published literature was used to calculate the corn (Zea mays L.) yield reduction due to topsoil thinning. Ephemeral gully erosion negatively impacts farm economics in the long term and implies that soil conservation measures should be carefully designed and well maintained. However, this evidence suggests that costs associated with establishment and use of structures such as grass waterways to minimize or eliminate ephemeral gully formation will not be recuperated in the short term through yield potential maintenance. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Hao; Zhang, Xingyi] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mollisols Agroecol, Nortneast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Harbin 150081, Peoples R China. [Cruse, Richard M.; Gesch, Karl R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Li, Hao] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Bingner, Ronald L.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Cruse, RM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rmc@iastate.edu; zhangxy@iga.ac.cn RI feng, yongzhong/F-5090-2012 OI feng, yongzhong/0000-0002-5202-4368 NR 49 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 EI 1879-3444 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 155 SI SI BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.still.2015.07.018 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CX9ZV UT WOS:000366066200018 ER PT J AU Kipka, H Green, TR David, O Garcia, LA Ascough, JC Arabi, M AF Kipka, Holm Green, Timothy R. David, Olaf Garcia, Luis A. Ascough, James C., II Arabi, Mazdak TI Development of the Land-use and Agricultural Management Practice web-Service (LAMPS) for generating crop rotations in space and time SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Agronomic modelling; Data provisioning; Pattern recognition; Crop rotation; Agricultural management; Web service ID PROCESSING SERVICE; INFORMATION-SYSTEM; STATISTICS; TERRAIN; LINKAGE; MODELS; FIELD AB Agroecosystem models and conservation planning tools require spatially and temporally explicit input data about agricultural management operations. The Land-use and Agricultural Management Practices web-Service (LAMPS) was developed to provide crop rotation and management information for user-specified areas within the 48 contiguous states of the USA. LAMPS links three data sources: (1) annual Cropland Data Layers (CDLs) from the CropScape Web service based on high-resolution remote sensing data for recent years provided by the National Agricultural Statistical Service (NASS), (2) maps of irrigated areas compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey, and (3) the Land Management and Operation Database (LMOD) by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service containing agricultural management practices. The workflow within LAMPS for generating crop rotation and management information is described in detail, including details of the algorithm for matching annual crop sequences from CropScape to regional rotations in LMOD. Instructions for using the Web service are specified with example input and response listings. A study area of 15 fields in Colorado, USA is presented to demonstrate and evaluate LAMPS outputs using ground observations of crop types. LAMPS automatically detected actual crop rotations with a similarity to the ground observations better than using only CropScape detected dominant crop sequences. LAMPS is available for public use, further nation-wide evaluation, and extension to other spatial data provisioning related to agroecosytem modelling. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kipka, Holm; David, Olaf; Arabi, Mazdak] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. [Green, Timothy R.; Ascough, James C., II] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Garcia, Luis A.] Univ Vermont, Coll Engn & Math Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Green, TR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM tim.green@ars.usda.gov FU Colorado State University (CSU); United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); Agricultural Research Service (ARS); Agricultural Systems Research Unit - USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) [58-5402-1-367] FX This material is based on work supported by the Cooperative Agreement between Colorado State University (CSU) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Agricultural Systems Research Unit under Agreement no. 58-5402-1-367 funded by the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS). David Drake, who owns and operates the Drake Farm, cooperated with ARS to conduct on-farm research in Colorado. Wes Lloyd facilitated deployment of LAMPS in CSIP, and Lucas Yeage and Jim Lyon cooperated with integrating LMOD into LAMPS. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 EI 1879-3444 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 155 SI SI BP 233 EP 249 DI 10.1016/j.still.2015.08.005 PG 17 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CX9ZV UT WOS:000366066200026 ER PT J AU Hough-Goldstein, J Lake, EC Shropshire, KJ Moore, RA D'Amico, V AF Hough-Goldstein, Judith Lake, Ellen C. Shropshire, Kimberley J. Moore, Rebecca A. D'Amico, Vincent TI Laboratory and field-based temperature-dependent development of a monophagous weevil: Implications for integrated weed management SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Degree days; Development rate; Persicaria perfoliata; Polygonum perfoliatum; Rhinoncomimus latipes; Seasonal population growth ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; A-MINUTE WEED; POLYGONUM-PERFOLIATUM L.; RHINONCOMIMUS-LATIPES COLEOPTERA; TROPICAL SODA APPLE; PERSICARIA-PERFOLIATA; POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION; CONSTANT TEMPERATURES; KOROTYAEV COLEOPTERA; GRATIANA-BOLIVIANA AB The stem-boring weevil, Rhinoncomimus latipes Korotyaev (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was imported from Asia to North America and approved for release as a classical biological control agent for the invasive annual vine Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross (Polygonaceae) in 2004. Its impact on the weed has been somewhat variable, depending in part on environmental conditions. We reared R. latipes in environmental chambers at different temperatures to determine the lower developmental threshold and number of degree days required for development. Results, along with known R. latipes reproductive parameters, were used to develop a simple population model, and compared to field data from sites that had been intensively monitored from 2008 to 2010. The lower developmental threshold was estimated at 10.2 degrees C. On average, 358 degree days (degrees C) were required for development from egg to adult, with an additional 139 degree days needed for the preoviposition period. Field sites had relatively high P. perfoliata cover and low R. latipes densities in 2009 compared to either 2008 or 2010. Based on degree-day accumulations for these three years, the population model estimated that fewer than half the number of weevils would have been produced by the end of the season in 2009 as in 2008, and only about a quarter as many as in 2010. Substantially higher rainfall during April-June 2009 compared to 2008 and 2010 probably also helped promote more abundant P. perfoliata cover in 2009. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hough-Goldstein, Judith; Shropshire, Kimberley J.; Moore, Rebecca A.] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Lake, Ellen C.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [D'Amico, Vincent] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Hough-Goldstein, J (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, 531 S Coll Ave, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM jhough@udel.edu FU Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, USDA Forest Service FX Thanks to William Bartz and Rodney Dempsey for assistance with environmental chambers and greenhouse facilities. We thank the Brandywine Valley Association and Brandywine Conservancy for hosting the field research. Funding was supplied by the Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, USDA Forest Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity employer and provider. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2016 VL 92 BP 120 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2015.10.009 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA CX3PM UT WOS:000365611300015 ER PT J AU Blackburn, D Crawford, B Shapiro-Ilan, DI Adams, BJ AF Blackburn, Dana Crawford, Burke Shapiro-Ilan, David I. Adams, Byron J. TI Environmental drivers of trait changes in Photorhabdus luminescens SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Photorhabdus luminescens; Entomopathogenic nematodes; Nutrition; Trait deterioration ID HETERORHABDITIS-BACTERIOPHORA; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; STEINERNEMA-CARPOCAPSAE; BENEFICIAL TRAITS; CULTURE; XENORHABDUS; COLEOPTERA; PATHOGENICITY; CURCULIONIDAE; ENHANCEMENT AB Biological control agents have become increasingly important in integrated pest management programs. However, certain traits of these agents that are needed for efficient biocontrol often decrease or are lost during in vitro rearing. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) often exhibit trait deterioration when reared under laboratory conditions. EPN trait deterioration has been attributed (at least in part) to genetic causes; however, the underlying causes of trait deterioration in its bacterial endosymbiont have not been explored. In this study the EPN symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens was monitored for the deterioration of three traits; inclusion body production, reproductive potential, and virulence, in three different nutritional environments; lipid liquid medium (LLM), nutrient broth (NB), and tryptic soy broth + yeast extract (TSY). Significant trait deterioration did not occur for any of the traits in any environment. There was an increase in inclusion body production in TSY. Additionally, there was variation in growth within NB and TSY sub-cultured population lines and one TSY sub-population line was less virulent than the other two. However, returning bacteria to LLM restored all traits to wild-type levels. We infer the observed trait deterioration in Photorhabdus was minimal and appeared to be driven by environmental conditions as opposed to stable genetic changes. Our data suggest that variation among traits of in vitro cultures of Photorhabdus is more likely due to environmental variation than inadvertent laboratory selection or other genetic processes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Blackburn, Dana; Crawford, Burke; Adams, Byron J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Blackburn, D (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, 4102 Life Sci Bldg, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM blackbud@byu.edu; burkecrawford@gmail.com; David.Shapiro@ars.usda.gov; byron_adams@byu.edu RI Adams, Byron/C-3808-2009; OI Adams, Byron/0000-0002-7815-3352; Blackburn, Dana/0000-0001-5153-3366 FU Brigham Young University Department of Biology Professional Development Fund FX We thank Erika Ball for statistical advice and Dr. Richard Robison for use of his phase-contrast microscope. Funding for this project came from the Brigham Young University Department of Biology Professional Development Fund. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2016 VL 92 BP 145 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2015.10.008 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA CX3PM UT WOS:000365611300018 ER PT J AU Calvey, CH Su, YK Willis, LB McGee, M Jeffries, TW AF Calvey, Christopher H. Su, Yi-Kai Willis, Laura B. McGee, McSean Jeffries, Thomas W. TI Nitrogen limitation, oxygen limitation, and lipid accumulation in Lipomyces starkeyi SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oleaginous yeast; Aeration; C:N ratio; Polyols; Hydrolysate ID CELL OIL PRODUCTION; RHODOTORULA-GLUTINIS; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; YARROWIA-LIPOLYTICA; CO-FERMENTATION; YEAST; GLUCOSE; XYLOSE; MICROORGANISMS; CULTIVATION AB Lipid production by oleaginous yeasts is optimal at high carbon-to-nitrogen ratios. In the current study, nitrogen and carbon consumption by Lipomyces starkeyi were directly measured in defined minimal media with nitrogen content and agitation rates as variables. Shake flask cultures with an initial C: N ratio of 72:1 cultivated at 200 rpm resulted in a lipid output of 10 g/L, content of 55%, yield of 0.170 g/g, and productivity of 0.06 g/L/h. All of these values decreased by approximate to 50-60% when the agitation rate was raised to 300 rpm or when the C: N ratio was lowered to 24:1, demonstrating the importance of these parameters. Under all conditions, L. starkeyi cultures tolerated acidified media ( pH approximate to 2.6) without difficulty, and produced considerable amounts of alcohols; including ethanol, mannitol, arabitol, and 2,3-butanediol. L. starkeyi also produced lipids from a corn stover hydrolysate, showing its potential to produce biofuels from renewable agricultural feedstocks. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Calvey, Christopher H.; Su, Yi-Kai; Willis, Laura B.; Jeffries, Thomas W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Calvey, Christopher H.; Su, Yi-Kai; Willis, Laura B.; McGee, McSean; Jeffries, Thomas W.] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willis, Laura B.; Jeffries, Thomas W.] USDA Forest Serv, Inst Microbial & Biochem Technol, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Jeffries, TW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, 1531 Microbial Sci Bldg,1550 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM twjeffri@wisc.edu OI Calvey, Christopher/0000-0002-7330-4983 FU Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Graduate School of University of Wisconsin-Madison FX This work was funded in part by the Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). CHC was supported in part through a grant entitled "Investigation of Lipid Accumulation in Lipomyces starkeyi" awarded by the Graduate School of University of Wisconsin-Madison to TWJ. CHC gratefully acknowledges Kenneth Hammel for sponsorship at the USDA Forest Products Laboratory, and Nancy Keller for microscopy assistance. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 11 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 200 BP 780 EP 788 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.104 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA CX6LB UT WOS:000365811200099 PM 26580895 ER PT J AU Blanco-Rojo, R Alcala-Diaz, JF Wopereis, S Perez-Martinez, P Quintana-Navarro, GM Marin, C Ordovas, JM van Ommen, B Perez-Jimenez, F Delgado-Lista, J Lopez-Miranda, J AF Blanco-Rojo, Ruth Alcala-Diaz, Juan F. Wopereis, Suzan Perez-Martinez, Pablo Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M. Marin, Carmen Ordovas, Jose M. van Ommen, Ben Perez-Jimenez, Francisco Delgado-Lista, Javier Lopez-Miranda, Jose TI The insulin resistance phenotype (muscle or liver) interacts with the type of diet to determine changes in disposition index after 2 years of intervention: the CORDIOPREV-DIAB randomised clinical trial SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Beta cell function; Dietary intervention; Insulin resistance; Low-fat diet; Mediterranean diet ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; METABOLIC SYNDROME; LIFE-STYLE; PREVENTION; SENSITIVITY; HEALTH; HOMEOSTASIS; SECRETION AB Aims/hypothesis The aim of the study was to determine whether basal insulin resistance (IR) phenotype (muscle and/or liver) determines the effect of long-term consumption of a Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet on tissue-specific IR and beta cell function. Methods The study was performed in 642 patients included in The effect of an olive oil rich Mediterranean diet on type 2 diabetes mellitus risk and incidence study (CORDIOPREV-DIAB). A total of 327 patients were randomised to a Mediterranean diet (35% fat; 22% from monounsaturated fatty acids) and 315 to a low-fat diet (<28% fat). At baseline, the patients were classified into four phenotypes according to the type of IR: (1) no IR; (2) muscle IR; (3) liver IR; (4) muscle + liver IR. The hepatic insulin resistance index (HIRI), muscular insulin sensitivity index (MISI) and disposition index were analysed at baseline and after 2 years of follow-up. Results At baseline, 322 patients presented no IR, 106 presented muscle IR, 109 presented liver IR, and 105 presented muscle + liver IR. With both dietary interventions, HIRI decreased in all patients (p < 0.001) and MISI increased in muscle IR and muscle + liver IR patients (p < 0.01). Long-term intake of the Mediterranean diet increased the disposition index and insulinogenic index in the muscle IR patients (p = 0.042 and p = 0.044, respectively) and the disposition index in the muscle + liver IR patients (p = 0.048), whereas the low-fat diet increased the disposition index in the liver IR patients (p = 0.017). Conclusions/interpretation Although both diets improve insulin sensitivity, there are differences based on basal IR phenotypes. Moreover, according to insulinogenic and disposition index data, a low-fat diet might be more beneficial to patients with liver IR, whereas patients with muscle IR and muscle + liver IR might benefit more from a Mediterranean diet. C1 [Blanco-Rojo, Ruth; Alcala-Diaz, Juan F.; Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M.; Marin, Carmen; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Lopez-Miranda, Jose] Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba 14004, Spain. [Blanco-Rojo, Ruth; Alcala-Diaz, Juan F.; Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M.; Marin, Carmen; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Lopez-Miranda, Jose] Maimonides Inst Biomed Res Cordoba IMIBIC, Nutrigen & Metab Syndrome, Cordoba, Spain. [Blanco-Rojo, Ruth; Alcala-Diaz, Juan F.; Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M.; Marin, Carmen; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Lopez-Miranda, Jose] Univ Cordoba, Dept Med, Cordoba, Spain. [Blanco-Rojo, Ruth; Alcala-Diaz, Juan F.; Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M.; Marin, Carmen; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Lopez-Miranda, Jose] CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain. [Wopereis, Suzan; van Ommen, Ben] TNO, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] IMDEA Food Inst, Madrid, Spain. RP Lopez-Miranda, J (reprint author), Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Avda Menendez Pidal S-N, Cordoba 14004, Spain. EM jlopezmir@uco.es RI Alcala-Diaz, Juan Francisco/F-5329-2016 OI Alcala-Diaz, Juan Francisco/0000-0002-4572-3611 FU Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [AGL2012/39615]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [PIE14/00005, PI13/00023]; European Commission (NUTRITECH European Integrated Project) [289511]; ISCIII; Instituto de Salud Carlos III research contract (Programa Rio-Hortega) FX The study was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (AGL2012/39615) and by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (PIE14/00005 and PI13/00023); The present study was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (AGL2012/39615 to JL-M) and by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (PIE14/00005 to JL-M and PI13/00023 to JD-L). It was also partly supported by a research grant from the European Commission (NUTRITECH European Integrated Project-289511). RB-R is supported by an ISCIII postdoctoral research contract (Sara Borrell) and JFA-D is supported by an Instituto de Salud Carlos III research contract (Programa Rio-Hortega). NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X EI 1432-0428 J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD JAN PY 2016 VL 59 IS 1 BP 67 EP 76 DI 10.1007/s00125-015-3776-4 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CX6IN UT WOS:000365804500009 ER PT J AU Huang, J Scudiero, E Choo, H Corwin, DL Triantafilis, J AF Huang, J. Scudiero, E. Choo, H. Corwin, D. L. Triantafilis, J. TI Mapping soil moisture across an irrigated field using electromagnetic conductivity imaging SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE DUALEM-421; Soil volumetric water content; EM inversion; Water use efficiency ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; WATER-CONTENT; INVERSION; MODEL; VARIABILITY; RESISTIVITY; PATTERNS; DEPTH AB The ability to measure and map volumetric soil water (theta) quickly and accurately is important in irrigated agriculture. However, the traditional approach of using thermogravimetric moisture (w) and converting this to theta using measurements of bulk density (rho-cm(3)/cm(3)) is laborious and time consuming. To speed up the process electromagnetic (EM) instruments have been used to assist in mapping average theta along a transect or across a field. This is because the apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) measured by EM instruments has been shown to be a function of 0, when other soil properties are uniform. However, mapping depth-specific soil theta has been little explored. One possible approach is to invert the ECa data to calculate estimates of true electrical conductivity (sigma) at specific depths (i.e., 0.15, 0.45, 0.75, 1.05 and 1.35 m) and couple this to measured theta. This research explores this possibility by using a single frequency multi-coil DUALEM-421 across a centre-pivot irrigated Lucerne field (Medicago sativa L.) in San Jacinto, CA, USA. The first aim is to determine an optimal set of inversion parameters (i.e., forward modelling, inversion algorithm and damping factor-lambda) which are appropriate to establish a calibration between sigma and theta. In this regard the largest coefficient of determination (R-2 = 0.56) is achieved when we used the FS model, S2 algorithm and a lambda = 0.3. The second aim is to see if all the coil arrays of the DUALEM-421 are necessary. We conclude that while the DUALEM-1 produces a larger R-2 (0.59), the use of the DUALEM-421 data is better (R-2 = 0.56), because the total model misfit (4.70 mSm(-1)) is smaller and because it better accounts for the spatial variation of theta in the subsoil. In terms of predicting theta, the calibration equation (theta = 2.751 + 0.190 x sigma) was examined using a leave-one-out cross validation. The Lin's concordance (0.73) between measured and predicted theta was good. The resulting 2-d depth slices and cross-sections gave insights into the spatial distribution of theta which allowed the inference of depth of saturated soil and location of the wetting front and identified areas where deep drainage may be problematic. The approach has applications for water use and management given it can identify inefficiencies in water application rates and use. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, J.; Choo, H.; Triantafilis, J.] UNSW Australia, Fac Sci, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Scudiero, E.; Corwin, D. L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Triantafilis, J (reprint author), UNSW Australia, Fac Sci, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM j.triantafilis@unsw.edu.au RI Scudiero, Elia/K-3580-2013; OI Scudiero, Elia/0000-0003-4944-721X; Triantafilis, john/0000-0003-1561-0242; Huang, Jingyi/0000-0002-1209-9699 NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 EI 1873-2283 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 163 BP 285 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2015.09.003 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA CX0HB UT WOS:000365376400028 ER PT J AU Dakhlalla, AO Parajuli, PB Ouyang, Y Schmitz, DW AF Dakhlalla, Abdullah O. Parajuli, Prem B. Ouyang, Ying Schmitz, Darrel W. TI Evaluating the impacts of crop rotations on groundwater storage and recharge in an agricultural watershed SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Groundwater; Watershed modeling; Crop rotations; Irrigation; SWAT ID TABLE DEPTH ALGORITHM; LAND-USE; MODEL; SWAT; IRRIGATION; STREAMFLOW; CLIMATE; BASIN; YIELD; TOOL AB The Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer, which underlies the Big Sunflower River Watershed (BSRW), is the most heavily used aquifer in Mississippi. Because the aquifer is primarily used for irrigating crops such as corn, cotton, soybean, and rice, the water levels have been declining rapidly over the past few decades. The objectives of this study are to analyze the relationship and interactions between evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge rates in the BSRW, and model the effects of various crop rotation practices on groundwater storage and recharge. The model performed well during the calibration period (R-2 = 0.53-0.68 and NSE = 0.49-0.66) and validation period (R-2 = 0.55-0.75 and NSE= 0.49-0.72) for daily streamflow, which was achieved by the SUFI-2 auto-calibration algorithm in the SWAT-CUP package. The model also performed well in simulating seasonal water table depth fluctuations during calibration (R-2 = 0.76 and NSE = 0.71) and validation (R-2 = 0.86 and NSE= 0.79). This study demonstrated a seasonal relationship between evapotranspiration and groundwater storage and recharge in the BSRW SWAT model. In general, groundwater storage decreased during the summer months while ET rates were high, and increased during the winter and spring months when ET rates were low. The crop rotation scenarios that include rice planting resulted in the lowest groundwater storage (down to -10.7%) compared to the baseline crop scenario, which is due to the high irrigation rates of the rice crop. However, the rice crop rotations resulted in the highest increases of groundwater recharge rates (up to +60.1%), likely because of the response to the deficiency of groundwater needed for irrigation as well as the limited water uptake by the rice crop. The crop rotations with corn and cotton resulted in the largest increases in groundwater storage (up to +27.2%), which is the result of the low irrigation rates as well as the short time period for irrigation applications. The results of this study are expected to aid farmers and watershed managers to conserve groundwater resources, but still maintain crop production. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dakhlalla, Abdullah O.; Parajuli, Prem B.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Ouyang, Ying] USDA, Forest Serv, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Schmitz, Darrel W.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Geosci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Dakhlalla, AO (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM aod11@msstate.edu; youyang@fs.fed.us; schmitz@geosci.msstate.edu FU USDA/NIFA [67020-21407]; National Science Foundation at Mississippi State University [DGE-0947419]; Graduate school of the Mississippi State University, (MSU) Bagley College of Engineering at MSU FX This material is based upon work partially supported by the USDA/NIFA Grant No. 67020-21407; and National Science Foundation under Grant No. DGE-0947419 at Mississippi State University. We would like to acknowledge the support of Graduate school of the Mississippi State University, (MSU) Bagley College of Engineering at MSU. We would also like to acknowledge the support of YMD, MS for the groundwater data; USGS; and other collaborators. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 EI 1873-2283 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 163 BP 332 EP 343 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2015.10.001 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA CX0HB UT WOS:000365376400032 ER PT J AU Sun, K Kang, MJ Ro, KS Libra, JA Zhao, Y Xing, BS AF Sun, Ke Kang, Mingjie Ro, Kyoung S. Libra, Judy A. Zhao, Ye Xing, Baoshan TI Variation in sorption of propiconazole with biochars: The effect of temperature, mineral, molecular structure, and nano-porosity SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Sorption; Propiconazole; Surface composition; Mineral; Nanoporosity ID ENVIRONMENTAL BLACK CARBON; NATURAL ORGANIC-SUBSTANCES; MANURE-DERIVED BIOCHARS; PHENANTHRENE SORPTION; ADSORPTIVE PROPERTIES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; POTENTIAL ROLE; MATTER; SOILS; MECHANISMS AB Sorption behavior of propiconazole (PROPI) by plant-residue derived biochars (PLABs) and animal waste-derived biochars (ANIBs) obtained at three heating treatment temperatures (HTTs) (300, 450 and 600 degrees C) (e.g., BCs300, BCs450, and BCs600) and their corresponding de-ashed BCs450 was investigated. PLABs belonged to high- or medium-C biochars and ANIBs were low-C biochars. Surface C concentrations of the tested biochars were generally higher than their corresponding bulk C. Surface polar groups were mainly composed of O-containing groups of minerals within biochars. The nonlinearity coefficients (n) of propiconazole (PROM) sorption isotherms ranged from 0.23 to 0.64, which was significantly and negatively related to organic carbon (OC)-normalized CO2-surface area (CO2-SA/OC) of biochars. This correlation along with the positive relationship between CO2-SA/OC and aromaticity indicates that pore-filling in nanopores within aromatic C dominate nonlinear PROPI sorption. HTTs or C contents do not necessarily regulate PROP! sorption. Removal of minerals from BCs450 elevated PROPi sorption because minerals may exert certain influence on sorption via impacting spatial arrangement of polar groups and/or organic matter (OM)-mineral interactions. This study helps to better understand sorption behavior of PROPI to biochars and evaluate the potential role of biochar in water treatment systems. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Ke; Kang, Mingjie; Zhao, Ye] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Ro, Kyoung S.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Libra, Judy A.] Leibniz Inst Agr Engn, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany. [Xing, Baoshan] Univ Massachusetts, Stockbridge Sch Agr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Sun, K (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. EM sunke@bnu.edu.cn RI Libra, Judy/K-3092-2013 OI Libra, Judy/0000-0001-9307-7776 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41273106]; Fund for Innovative Research Group of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [51421065]; USDA Hatch Program [MAS 00982]; Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project; Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry FX This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (41273106) and the Fund for Innovative Research Group of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51421065), USDA Hatch Program (MAS 00982), Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project, and the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 15 U2 66 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 BP 56 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.018 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0DZ UT WOS:000365368400009 PM 26206746 ER PT J AU Ippolito, JA Stromberger, ME Lent, RD Dungan, RS AF Ippolito, J. A. Stromberger, M. E. Lent, R. D. Dungan, R. S. TI Hardwood biochar and manure co-application to a calcareous soil SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Manure; Co-application; Calcareous soil; Nutrients ID FAST PYROLYSIS BIOCHAR; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; SWITCHGRASS BIOCHAR; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC-MATTER; CATTLE MANURE; BLACK CARBON; AMENDED SOIL; SANDY LOAM; FERTILITY AB Biochar may affect the mineralization rate of labile organic C sources such as manures via microbial community shifts, and subsequently affect nutrient release. In order to ascertain the positive or negative priming effect of biochar on manure, dairy manure (2% by wt.) and a hardwood-based, fast pyrolysis biochar were applied (0%, 1%, 2%, and 10% by wt.) to a calcareous soil. Destructive sampling occurred at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 months to monitor for changes in soil chemistry, water content, microbial respiration, bacterial populations, and microbial community structure. Overall results showed that increasing biochar application rate improved the soil water content, which may be beneficial in limited irrigation or rainfall areas. Biochar application increased soil organic C content and plant-available Fe and Mn, while a synergistic biochar-manure effect increased plant-available Zn. Compared to the other rates, the 10% biochar application lowered concentrations of NO3-N; effects appeared masked at lower biochar rates due to manure application. Over time, soil NO3-N increased likely due to manure N mineralization, yet soil NO3-N in the 10% biochar rate remained lower as compared to other treatments. In the presence of manure, only the 10% biochar application caused subtle microbial community structure shifts by increasing the relative amounts of two fatty acids associated with Gram-negative bacteria and decreasing Gram-positive bacterial fatty acids, each by 1%. Our previous findings with biochar alone suggested an overall negative priming effect with increasing biochar application rates, yet when co-applied with manure the negative priming effect was eliminated. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ippolito, J. A.; Lent, R. D.; Dungan, R. S.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Stromberger, M. E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Ippolito, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N 3600E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service FX This publication is based on work supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. The authors thank all parties responsible for biochar manufacturer, characterization, and laboratory analyses. NR 68 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 55 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.039 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0DZ UT WOS:000365368400013 PM 26009473 ER PT J AU Ro, KS Novak, JM Johnson, MG Szogi, AA Libra, JA Spokas, KA Bae, S AF Ro, K. S. Novak, J. M. Johnson, M. G. Szogi, A. A. Libra, J. A. Spokas, K. A. Bae, S. TI Leachate water quality of soils amended with different swine manure-based amendments SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Hydrochar; Swine manure; Leachate water quality; Soil amendment; Soil fertility ID HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION; TEMPERATURE PYROLYSIS; RENEWABLE ENERGY; POULTRY LITTER; BIOCHAR; HYDROCHAR; NITROGEN; IMPACT; CARBON; FATE AB In the face of the rising level of manure production from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs), management options are being sought that can provide nutrient recycling for plant growth and improved soil conditions with minimal environmental impacts. Alternatives to direct manure application are composting and thermochemical conversion which can destroy pathogens and improve handling and storage. The effect of four forms of swine manure-based soil amendments (raw, compost, hydrochar, and pyrochar) on soil fertility and leachate water quality characteristics of a sandy soil were investigated in soil incubation experiments. All four amendments significantly increased soil carbon, cation exchange capacity and available nutrient contents of the soil. However, hydrochar amended soil leached lower amounts of N, P, and K compared to the other amendments including the control. On the other hand, pyrochar amended soil leached higher concentrations of P and K. Subsequent tests on the hydrochar for K and N adsorption isotherms and surface analysis via XPS suggested that these nutrients were not sorbed directly to the hydrochar surface. Although it is still not clear how these nutrients were retained in the soil amended with hydrochar, it suggests a great potential for hydrochar as an alternative manure management option as the hydrochar can be soil applied while minimizing potential environmental issues from the leaching of high nutrient concentrations to water bodies. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ro, K. S.; Novak, J. M.; Szogi, A. A.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Johnson, M. G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Libra, J. A.] Leibniz Inst Agr Engn, Potsdam, Germany. [Spokas, K. A.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bae, S.] Seoul Womens Univ, Seoul, South Korea. RP Ro, KS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016; Libra, Judy/K-3092-2013 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959; Libra, Judy/0000-0001-9307-7776 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [DW-12-92342301]; USDA-ARS National Program Agricultural and Industrial Byproduct Utilization [214] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the technical support provided by Mr. Melvin Johnson, Mr. Don Watt, and Mr. Paul Shumaker of the USDA-ARS Coastal Plains Soil, Water & Plant Research Center, Florence, SC, and Dr. Stephen Golledge at the University of Oregon Center for Advanced Material Characterization for his help collecting the XPS data. This research is part of the USDA-ARS National Program 214 Agricultural and Industrial Byproduct Utilization. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. In addition, the research described in this article has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through an Interagency Agreement (DW-12-92342301) to USDA Agricultural Research Service. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the EPA. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 59 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 BP 92 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.023 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0DZ UT WOS:000365368400014 PM 26025669 ER PT J AU Elzobair, KA Stromberger, ME Ippolito, JA AF Elzobair, Khalid A. Stromberger, Mary E. Ippolito, James A. TI Stabilizing effect of biochar on soil extracellular enzymes after a denaturing stress SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Enzyme stabilization; Leucine aminopeptidase; Microwave stress; beta-xylosidase ID BETA-GLUCOSIDASE ACTIVITY; CALCAREOUS SOIL; PURIFICATION; XYLOSIDASE; XYLANASE; CARBON AB Stabilizing extracellular enzymes may maintain enzymatic activity while protecting enzymes from proteolysis and denaturation. A study determined whether a fast pyrolysis hardwood biochar (CQuest (TM)) would reduce evaporative losses, subsequently stabilizing soil extracellular enzymes and prohibiting potential enzymatic activity loss following a denaturing stress (microwaving). Soil was incubated in the presence of biochar (0%, 1%, 2%, 5%, or 10% by wt.) for 36 days and then exposed to microwave energies (0, 400, 800, 1600, or 3200J g(-1) soil). Soil enzymes (beta-glucosidase, beta-D-cellobiosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, beta-xylosidase) were analyzed by fluorescence-based assays. Biochar amendment reduced leucine aminopeptidase and beta-xylosidase potential activity after the incubation period and prior to stress exposure. The 10% biochar rate reduced soil water loss at the lowest stress level (400 J microwave energy g(-1) soil). Enzyme stabilization was demonstrated for beta-xylosidase; intermediate biochar application rates prevented a complete loss of this enzyme's potential activity after soil was exposed to 400 (1% biochar treatment) or 1600 (5% biochar treatment) J microwave energy g(-1) soil. Remaining enzyme potential activities were not affected by biochar, and activities decreased with increasing stress levels. We concluded that biochar has the potential to reduce evaporative soil water losses and stabilize certain extracellular enzymes where activity is maintained after a denaturing stress; this effect was biochar rate and enzyme dependent. While biochar may reduce the potential activity of certain soil extracellular enzymes, this phenomenon was not universal as the majority of enzymes assayed in this study were unaffected by exposure to biochar. (C)) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Elzobair, Khalid A.; Stromberger, Mary E.] Colorado State Univ, Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ippolito, James A.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Stromberger, ME (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM mary.stromberger@colostate.edu FU Libyan-North American Scholarship Program; Colorado Agriculture Research Experiment Station; US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service FX We thank undergraduate student Carissa Maskus for her laboratory assistance. Mr. Elzobair was funded by a scholarship from the Libyan-North American Scholarship Program. Research funds were provided by the Colorado Agriculture Research Experiment Station. This publication is also based on work supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. The authors thank all parties responsible for biochar manufacture, characterization, and laboratory analyses. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 BP 114 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.018 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0DZ UT WOS:000365368400017 PM 25840745 ER PT J AU Lim, TJ Spokas, KA Feyereisen, G Novak, JM AF Lim, T. J. Spokas, K. A. Feyereisen, G. Novak, J. M. TI Predicting the impact of biochar additions on soil hydraulic properties SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Saturated hydraulic conductivity; Soil texture ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SANDY SOIL; FLY-ASH; CONDUCTIVITY; CHARCOAL; TEMPERATURES; AMENDMENTS; RETENTION; POROSITY; YIELD AB Different physical and chemical properties of biochar, which is made out of a variety of biomass materials, can impact water movement through amended soil. The objective of this research was to develop a decision support tool predicting the impact of biochar additions on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-sat). Four different kinds of biochar were added to four different textured soils (coarse sand, fine sand, loam, and clay texture) to assess these effects at the rates of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 5% (w/w). The K-sat of the biochar amended soils were significantly influenced by the rate and type of biochar, as well as the original particle size of soil. The K-sat decreased when biochar was added to coarse and fine sands. Biochar with larger particles sizes (60%; >1 mm) decreased Ksat to a larger degree than the smaller particle size biochar (60%; <1 mm) in the two sandy textured soils. Increasing tortuosity in the biochar amended sandy soil could explain this behavior. On the other hand, for the clay loam 1% and 2% biochar additions universally increased the Ksat with higher biochar amounts providing no further alterations. The developed model utilizes soil texture pedotransfer functions for predicting agricultural soil K-sat as a function of soil texture. The model accurately predicted the direction of the K-sat influence, even though the exact magnitude still requires further refinement. This represents the first step to a unified theory behind the impact of biochar additions on soil saturated conductivity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lim, T. J.] Rural Dev Adm, Hort & Herbal Crop Environm Div, Suwon, South Korea. [Spokas, K. A.; Feyereisen, G.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN USA. [Spokas, K. A.; Feyereisen, G.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Novak, J. M.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Soil Water & Plant Conservat Res Ct, Florence, SC USA. RP Spokas, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle,439 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN USA. EM kurt.spokas@ars.usda.gov RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 FU Minnesota Corn Growers Association/Minnesota Corn Research Production Council; Minnesota Agricultural Utilization Research Institute (AURI) FX The authors would like to acknowledge the exceptional laboratory work conducted by Martin DuSaire, Eric Nooker, Laura Colosky, Lee Yang, and Rena Weis. In addition, the authors would also like to acknowledge the partial funding from the Minnesota Corn Growers Association/Minnesota Corn Research Production Council and the Minnesota Agricultural Utilization Research Institute (AURI). The authors would also like to acknowledge General Mills Inc. (Fridley, MN) for the donation of the oat hull material for this research. This research is part of the USDA-ARS Biochar and Pyrolysis Initiative and USDA-ARS GRACEnet (Greenhouse Gas Reduction through Agricultural Carbon Enhancement Network) programs. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 13 U2 61 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 BP 136 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.06.069 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0DZ UT WOS:000365368400020 PM 26145507 ER PT J AU Elzobair, KA Stromberger, ME Ippolito, JA Lentz, RD AF Elzobair, Khalid A. Stromberger, Mary E. Ippolito, James A. Lentz, Rodrick D. TI Contrasting effects of biochar versus manure on soil microbial communities and enzyme activities in an Aridisol SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Manure; Microbial community; Enzymes; Calcareous soil ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ACTIVATED CARBON; CALCAREOUS SOIL; TERRA-PRETA; COLONIZATION; GROWTH; CORN; STABILIZATION; MECHANISMS; FERTILITY AB Biochar can increase microbial activity, alter microbial community structure, and increase soil fertility in arid and semi-arid soils, but at relatively high rates that may be impractical for large-scale field studies. This contrasts with organic amendments such as manure, which can be abundant and inexpensive if locally available, and thus can be applied to fields at greater rates than biochar. In a field study comparing biochar and manure, a fast pyrolysis hardwood biochar (22.4 Mg ha(-1)), dairy manure (42 Mg ha(-1) dry wt), a combination of biochar and manure at the aforementioned rates, or no amendment (control) was applied to an Aridisol (n = 3) in fall 2008. Plots were annually cropped to corn (Zea maize L.). Surface soils (0-30 cm) were sampled directly under corn plants in late June 2009 and early August 2012, and assayed for microbial community fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles and six extracellular enzyme activities involved in soil C, N, and P cycling. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal colonization was assayed in corn roots in 2012. Biochar had no effect on microbial biomass, community structure, extracellular enzyme activities, or AM fungi root colonization of corn. In the short-term, manure amendment increased microbial biomass, altered microbial community structure, and significantly reduced the relative concentration of the AM fungal biomass in soil. Manure also reduced the percent root colonization of corn by AM fungi in the longer-term. Thus, biochar and manure had contrasting short-term effects on soil microbial communities, perhaps because of the relatively low application rate of biochar. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Elzobair, Khalid A.; Stromberger, Mary E.] Colorado State Univ, Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ippolito, James A.; Lentz, Rodrick D.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Stromberger, ME (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM kalzobir@yahoo.com; mary.stromberger@colostate.edu; jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov; rick.lentz@ars.usda.gov FU Libyan Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research; Colorado Agriculture Experiment Station FX Mr. Elzobair was supported by a scholarship from the Libyan Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. Dr. Stromberger was supported by funds from the Colorado Agriculture Experiment Station. The authors gratefully acknowledge Carter Ippolito and Jacob Stromberger with assistance in soil sampling, and undergraduate student Carissa Maskus for her able assistance in the laboratory. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 16 U2 92 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 BP 145 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.06.044 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0DZ UT WOS:000365368400021 PM 26138708 ER PT J AU Novak, J Sigua, G Watts, D Cantrell, K Shumaker, P Szogi, A Johnson, MG Spokas, K AF Novak, Jeff Sigua, Gilbert Watts, Don Cantrell, Keri Shumaker, Paul Szogi, Ariel Johnson, Mark G. Spokas, Kurt TI Biochars impact on water infiltration and water quality through a compacted subsoil layer SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Biochars; Soil water infiltration; Ultisol; Water quality ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PYROLYSIS; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; DEEP TILLAGE; SOILS; FEEDSTOCKS; POULTRY; PLAINS; SAND AB Soils in the SE USA Coastal Plain region frequently have a compacted subsoil layer (E horizon), which is a barrier for water infiltration. Four different biochars were evaluated to increase water infiltration through a compacted horizon from a Norfolk soil (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic, Typic Kandiudult). In addition, we also evaluated biochars effect on water quality. Biochars were produced by pyrolysis at 500 degrees C from pine chips (Pinus taeda), poultry litter (Gallus domesticus) feedstocks, and as blends (50:50 and 80:20) of pine chip:poultry litter. Prior to pyrolysis, the feedstocks were pelletized and sieved to >2-mm pellets. Each biochar was mixed with the subsoil at 20 g/kg (w/w) and the mixture was placed in columns. The columns were leached four times with Milli-Q water over 128 d of incubation. Except for the biochar produced from poultry litter, all other applied biochars resulted in significant water infiltration increases (0.157-0.219 mL min(-1); p < 0.05) compared to the control (0.095 mL min(-1)). However, water infiltration in each treatment were influenced by additional water leaching. Leachates were enriched in PO4, SO4, Cl, Na, and K after addition of poultry litter biochar, however, their concentrations declined in pine chip blended biochar treatments and after multiple leaching. Adding biochars (except 100% poultry litter biochar) to a compacted subsoil layer can initially improve water infiltration, but, additional leaching revealed that the effect remained only for the 50:50 pine chip:poultry litter blended biochar while it declined in other biochar treatments. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Novak, Jeff; Sigua, Gilbert; Watts, Don; Cantrell, Keri; Shumaker, Paul; Szogi, Ariel] USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Johnson, Mark G.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Spokas, Kurt] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Novak, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 West Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM jeff.novak@ars.usda.gov RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 FU US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [60-6657-1-2004]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [DE-12-9232301-1] FX The information in this article has been funded through an Interagency Agreement between the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (60-6657-1-2004) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA; DE-12-9232301-1). It has been subjected to review by scientists of the USDA-ARS Coastal Plains Research Center and by the National health and Environment Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for journal submission. Approval does not signify that the contents reflects the views of the US EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constituent endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Ms. Bree Williams, Cierra Buckmann, and Dr. D'jaafar Rehrah for laboratory support and Dr. Jack Horner and Ms. Tracey Pepper for microscopy and nano-imaging analyses. NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 BP 160 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.06.038 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0DZ UT WOS:000365368400023 PM 26138710 ER PT J AU Sigua, GC Novak, JM Watts, DW AF Sigua, G. C. Novak, J. M. Watts, D. W. TI Ameliorating soil chemical properties of a hard setting subsoil layer in Coastal Plain USA with different designer biochars SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Designer biochars; Belowground biomass; Aboveground biomass; Hard setting subsoil ID ORGANIC-MATTER; NORTH-CAROLINA; CARBON; CHARCOAL; FERTILITY; PYROLYSIS; MINERALIZATION; DECOMPOSITION; AMENDMENTS; INCREASES AB Biochar application is an emerging management option to increase soil fertility. Biochars could improve chemical properties of soils with hard setting subsoil layer. However, biochar effect can be inconsistent because different biochars react differently in soils. We hypothesized that addition of designer biochars will have variable effects on improving the chemical properties of hard setting layers. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of biochars on soil properties in Norfolk's soil with a hard setting subsoil layer grown with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L). All designer biochars were added at the rate of 40 Mg ha(-1). Feedstocks used for biochars production were: plant-based (pine chips, 100% PC); animal-based (poultry litter, 100% PL); 50:50 blend (50% PC:50% PL); 80:20 blend (80% PC:20% PL); and hardwood (100% HW). Higher nutrient availability was found after additions of biochars especially additions of 100% PL and 50:50 blend of PC and PL On the average, applications of 100% PL and 50:50 blend of PC:PL had the greatest amount of soil total nitrogen with means of 1.94 +/- 0.3% and 1.44 +/- 0.3%, respectively. When compared with the control and other biochars, 50:50 blend of PC:PL additions resulted in increase of 669% for P, 830% for K, 307% for Ca, 687% for Mg and 2315% for Na while application of 100% PL increased the concentration of extractable P, K, Ca, Mg, and Na by 363%, 1349%, 152%, 363%, and 3152%, respectively. Overall, our results showed promising significance since biochars did improve chemical properties of a Norfolk's soil. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sigua, G. C.; Novak, J. M.; Watts, D. W.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RP Sigua, GC (reprint author), USDA ARS, CPSWPRC, 2611 West Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM gilbert.sigua@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [60-6657-1-204]; United States Environmental Protection Agency [DE-12-92342301-1] FX The information in this article has been funded through an Interagency Agreement between the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (60-6657-1-204) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (DE-12-92342301-1). It has been subject to review by scientists of the USDA-ARS-Coastal Plain Research Laboratory and by the National Health and Environment Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for journal submission. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect views of the US EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Cierra Buckman and Bree Williams for laboratory assistance and for the pine chips supplied by Dr. Carl Trettin of the USFS-Cordsville Station. NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 BP 168 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.06.016 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0DZ UT WOS:000365368400024 PM 26116317 ER PT J AU Sigua, GC Novak, JM Watts, DW Johnson, MG Spokas, K AF Sigua, G. C. Novak, J. M. Watts, D. W. Johnson, M. G. Spokas, K. TI Efficacies of designer biochars in improving biomass and nutrient uptake of winter wheat grown in a hard setting subsoil layer SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Designer biochars; Belowground biomass; Aboveground biomass; Hard setting subsoil ID COASTAL-PLAIN; SOIL AMENDMENTS; NORTH-CAROLINA; SALT-STRESS; GRAIN-YIELD; TEMPERATURE; CHARCOAL; CARBON; ROOT; DECOMPOSITION AB In the Coastal Plains region of the United States, the hard setting subsoil layer of Norfolk soils results in low water holding capacity and nutrient retention, which often limits root development. In this region, the Norfolk soils are under intensive crop production that further depletes nutrients and reduces organic carbon (C). Incorporation of pyrolyzed organic residues or "biochars" can provide an alternative recalcitrant C source. However, biochar quality and effect can be inconsistent and different biochars react differently in soils. We hypothesized that addition of different designer biochars will have variable effects on biomass and nutrient uptake of winter wheat. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of designer biochars on biomass productivity and nutrient uptake of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a Norfolk's hard setting subsoil layer. Biochars were added to Norfolk's hard setting subsoil layer at the rate of 40 Mg ha(-1). The different sources of biochars were: plant-based (pine chips, PC); animal-based (poultry litter, PL); 50:50 blend (50% PC:50% PL); 80:20 blend (80% PC:20% PL); and hardwood (HW). Aboveground and belowground biomass and nutrient uptake of winter wheat varied significantly (p <= 0.0001) with the different designer biochar applications. The greatest increase in the belowground biomass of winter wheat over the control was from 80:20 blend of PC:PL (81%) followed by HW (76%), PC (59%) and 50:50 blend of PC:PL (9%). However, application of PL resulted in significant reduction of belowground biomass by about 82% when compared to the control plants. The average uptake of P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Al, Fe, Cu and Zn in both the aboveground and belowground biomass of winter wheat varied remarkably with biochar treatments. Overall, our results showed promising significance for the treatment of a Norfolk's hard setting subsoil layer since designer biochars did improve both aboveground/belowground biomass and nutrient uptake of winter wheat. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sigua, G. C.; Novak, J. M.; Watts, D. W.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Johnson, M. G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Spokas, K.] USDA ARS, St Paul, MN USA. RP Sigua, GC (reprint author), USDA ARS, CPSWPRC, 2611 West Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM gilbert.sigua@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [60-6657-1-204]; United States Environmental Protection Agency [DE-12-92342301-1] FX The information in this article has been funded through an Interagency Agreement between the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (60-6657-1-204) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (DE-12-92342301-1). It has been subject to review by scientists of the USDA-ARS-Coastal Plain Research Laboratory and by the National Health and Environment Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for journal submission. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect views of the US EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Cierra Buckman and Bree Williams for laboratory assistance and for the pine chips supplied by Dr. Carl Trettin of the USFS-Cordsville Station. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 BP 176 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.06.015 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0DZ UT WOS:000365368400025 PM 26112657 ER PT J AU Ippolito, JA Ducey, TF Cantrell, KB Novak, JM Lentz, RD AF Ippolito, J. A. Ducey, T. F. Cantrell, K. B. Novak, J. M. Lentz, R. D. TI Designer, acidic biochar influences calcareous soil characteristics SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Soil water; Micronutrients; Microbial enumeration; Nitrate-nitrogen ID PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE; SWITCHGRASS BIOCHAR; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; ORGANIC-CARBON; FOREST HUMUS; ADSORPTION; NITROGEN; IMPACT; FERTILITY; WATER AB In a proof-of-concept study, an acidic (pH 5.8) biochar was created using a low pyrolysis temperature (350 degrees C) and steam activation (800 degrees C) to potentially improve the soil physicochemical status of an eroded calcareous soil. Biochar was added at 0%, 1%, 2%, and 10% (by wt.) and soils were destructively sampled at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 month intervals. Soil was analyzed for gravimetric water content, pH, NO3-N, plant-available Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and P, organic C, CO2 respiration, and microbial enumeration via extractable DNA and 16S rRNA gene copies. Gravimetric soil water content increased with biochar application regardless of rate, as compared to the control. Soil pH decreased between 0.2 and 0.4 units, while plant-available Zn, Mn, and P increased with increasing biochar application rate. Micronutrient availability decreased over time likely due to insoluble mineral species precipitation. Increasing biochar application raised the soil organic C content and remained elevated over time. Increasing biochar application rate also increased respired CO2, yet the CO2 released decreased over dine. Soil NO3-N concentrations significantly decreased with increasing biochar application rate likely due to microbial immobilization or denitrification. Depending on application rate, biochar produced a 1.4 to 2.1-fold increase in soil DNA extracted and 1.4- to 2.4-fold increase in 16S rRNA gene abundance over control soils, suggesting microbial stimulation and a subsequent burst of activity upon biochar addition. Our results showed that there is promise in designing a biochar to improve the quality and water relations of eroded calcareous soils. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ippolito, J. A.; Lentz, R. D.] ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, USDA, Kimberly, ID USA. [Ducey, T. F.; Cantrell, K. B.; Novak, J. M.] ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, USDA, Florence, SC USA. RP Ippolito, JA (reprint author), ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, USDA, Kimberly, ID USA. EM jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service FX This publication is based on work supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. The authors thank all parties responsible for biochar manufacturer, characterization, and laboratory analyses. NR 70 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 13 U2 42 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2016 VL 142 BP 184 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.092 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX0DZ UT WOS:000365368400026 PM 26077798 ER PT J AU Barari, B Ellingham, TK Ghamhia, II Pillai, KM El-Hajjar, R Turng, LS Sabo, R AF Barari, Bamdad Ellingham, Thomas K. Ghamhia, Issam I. Pillai, Krishna M. El-Hajjar, Rani Turng, Lih-Sheng Sabo, R. TI Mechanical characterization of scalable cellulose nano-fiber based composites made using liquid composite molding process SO COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Nano-structures; Thermosetting resin; Mechanical properties; Thermal properties; Resin transfer moulding (RTM) ID MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE; EPOXY COMPOSITE; HIGH TOUGHNESS; BIOCOMPOSITES; NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOFIBER; EXTRUSION; NETWORK; ACID AB Plant derived cellulose nano-fibers (CNF) are a material with remarkable mechanical properties compared to other natural fibers. However, efforts to produce nano-composites on a large scale using CNF have yet to be investigated. In this study, scalable CNF nano-composites were made from isotropically porous CNF preforms using a freeze drying process. An improvised Liquid Composite Molding (LCM) process was used to make the nano-composites using a high bio-content 'green' epoxy resin. Formation of the freeze dried CNF preforms' porous network highly affects the mechanical properties of the composite, therefore mechanical testing was performed to characterize the effects of pore structure on global mechanical properties. The level of cure was investigated by comparing DSC results and the effect of curing on the composites was studied by tensile and dynamic mechanical analysis tests. The efficacy of silylation on the CNF preforms was analyzed with Water Contact Angle (WCA) measurements where the treatment led to hydrophobicity and hence better wettability by the non-polar resin. The causes of the failure in the composites were investigated using SEM analysis of the fractured surfaces. In general, silylation improved the infusion of resin into CNF preforms and resulted in better mechanical properties. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Barari, Bamdad; Pillai, Krishna M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Ghamhia, Issam I.; El-Hajjar, Rani] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Ellingham, Thomas K.; Turng, Lih-Sheng] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sabo, R.] USDA ARS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. RP Pillai, KM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM krishna@uwm.edu RI bagheri, amir/C-3274-2017; OI Ellingham, Thomas/0000-0003-4063-0202 NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-8368 EI 1879-1069 J9 COMPOS PART B-ENG JI Compos. Pt. B-Eng. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 84 BP 277 EP 284 DI 10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.08.040 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA CW3HY UT WOS:000364884000027 ER PT J AU Miernyk, JA Jett, AA Johnston, ML AF Miernyk, Jan A. Jett, Alissa A. Johnston, Mark L. TI Analysis of soybean tissue culture protein dynamics using difference gel electrophoresis SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE DIGE; Glycine max; Protein dynamics; Secretome; Tandem mass spectrometry; Tryptic peptides ID MAIZE ENDOSPERM CULTURES; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CELL-SUSPENSION-CULTURE; PLANT-CELL; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; SUCROSE SYNTHASE; GROWTH AB Excised hypocotyls from developing soybean (Glycine max (L.) merr. cv. Jack) were cultivated on agar-solidified medium until callus formed. The calli were then propagated in liquid medium until stable, relatively uniform, finely-divided suspension cultures were obtained. Cells were typically transferred to fresh medium at 7-day intervals. Cultures were harvested by filtration five days (early log phase) or eight days (late log phase) after transfer. In order to evaluate dynamic changes, both intracellular and extracellular proteins were analyzed by 2-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis. Selected spots were subjected to in-gel tryptic-digestion and the resultant peptides were analyzed by nLC-MS/MS. In follow-up studies gel-free shot-gun analyses led to identification of 367 intracellular proteins and 188 extracellular proteins. Significance: The significance of the described research is two-fold. First a gel-based proteomics method was applied to the study of the dynamics of the secretome (extracellular proteins). Second, results of a shot-gun non-gel based proteomic survey of both cellular and extracellular proteins are presented. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Miernyk, Jan A.; Johnston, Mark L.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, Div Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Jett, Alissa A.] Univ Missouri, Sch Social Work, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Miernyk, JA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, 102 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Jan.Miernyk@ars.usda.gov FU Freshmen Research in Plant Sciences (FRIPS) program at MU - National Science Foundation [IOS-125752, IOS-1121114] FX AAJ was supported in part by the Freshmen Research in Plant Sciences (FRIPS) program at MU, funded by National Science Foundation awards IOS-125752 to Gary Stacey and IOS-1121114 to Walter Gassmann. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-3919 EI 1876-7737 J9 J PROTEOMICS JI J. Proteomics PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 130 BP 56 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.08.023 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA CX0BS UT WOS:000365362500006 PM 26344131 ER PT J AU Li, L Jiang, YP Liu, ZY You, LL Wu, Y Xu, B Ge, LQ Stanley, D Song, QS Wu, JC AF Li, Lei Jiang, Yiping Liu, Zongyu You, Linlin Wu, You Xu, Bing Ge, Linquan Stanley, David Song, Qisheng Wu, Jincai TI Jinggangmycin increases fecundity of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) via fatty acid synthase gene expression SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Antibiotic jinggangmycin; Brown planthopper; Reproduction; ITRAQ analysis; FAS silencing; Fatty acids ID PESTICIDE-INDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY; COA-BINDING PROTEIN; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; ACYL-COA; RICE; DELPHACIDAE; HOMOPTERA; REPRODUCTION; DEFICIENCIES; OVARIES AB The antibiotic jinggangmycin (JGM) is mainly used in controlling the rice sheath blight, Rhizoctonia solani, in China. JGM also enhances reproduction of the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal). To date, however, molecular mechanisms of the enhancement are unclear. Our related report documented the influence of foliar JGM sprays on ovarian protein content. Here, we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) protocols to analyze ovarian proteins of BPH females following JGM spray (JGM-S) and topical application (JGM-T). We recorded changes in expression of 284 proteins (142 up arrow and 142 down arrow) in JGM-S compared to the JGM-S control group (S-control); 267 proteins were differentially expressed (130 up arrow and 137 down arrow) in JGM-T compared to the JGM-T control group (T-control), of which, 22 proteins were up-regulated in both groups. Comparing the JGM-S to the JGM-T group, 114 proteins were differentially expressed (62 up arrow and 52 down arrow). Based on the biological significance of fatty acids, pathway annotation and enrichment analysis, we designed a dsRNA construct to silence a gene encoding fatty acid synthase (FAS). FAS was more highly expressed in JGM-S vs S-control and JGM-S vs JGM-T groups. The dsFAS treatment reduced fecundity by about 46% and reduced ovarian and fat body fatty acid concentrations in JGM-S-treated females relative to controls. We infer FAS provides critically needed fatty acids to support JGM-enhanced fecundity in BPH. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Li, Lei; Jiang, Yiping; Liu, Zongyu; You, Linlin; Wu, You; Xu, Bing; Ge, Linquan; Wu, Jincai] Yangzhou Univ, Sch Plant Protect, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China. [Stanley, David] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Song, Qisheng] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Wu, JC (reprint author), Yangzhou Univ, Sch Plant Protect, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China. EM jincaiwu1952@sina.com FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [31371938]; Ph.D. Advisor Fund of the Ministry of Education of China [20123250110008]; Jiangsu Agricultural innovation program [CX14-2025] FX This research was partially funded by The National Nature Science Foundation of China (31371938), the Ph.D. Advisor Fund of the Ministry of Education of China (No. 20123250110008), and Jiangsu Agricultural innovation program (CX14-2025). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. All programs and services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, marital status, or handicap. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-3919 EI 1876-7737 J9 J PROTEOMICS JI J. Proteomics PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 130 BP 140 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.09.022 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA CX0BS UT WOS:000365362500014 PM 26388431 ER PT J AU Everard, CD Kim, MS Lee, H AF Everard, Colin D. Kim, Moon S. Lee, Hoyoung TI Assessment of a handheld fluorescence imaging device as an aid for detection of food residues on processing surfaces SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Fluorescence; Contaminant; Imaging; Processing surfaces ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; STAINLESS-STEEL; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CONTACT SURFACES; BIOFILM FORMATION; HYPERSPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ATP BIOLUMINESCENCE; HEAT-TREATMENT; MILK AB Contamination of food with pathogenic bacteria can lead to foodborne illnesses. Food processing surfaces can serve as a medium for cross-contamination if sanitization procedures are inadequate. Ensuring that food processing surfaces are correctly cleaned and sanitized is important in the food industry to reduce risks of foodborne illnesses and their related costs. A handheld fluorescence imaging device was assessed for detection of three types of food residues that have been associated with foodborne illness outbreaks, i.e. spinach leaf, milk, and bovine red meat, on two commonly used processing surfaces, i.e. high-density polyethylene and food grade stainless steel. Fluorescence excitation at 405 nm was supplied by 4 x 10 W light emitting diodes. Interchangeable optical filters were selected to optimise the contrast between the food residues and processing surfaces, using hyperspectral fluorescence imaging. The fluorescence imaging plus image analysis differentiated food residues from the processing surfaces more clearly than visual inspection in ambient lighting. This optical sensing device can be used to detect food fouling on food processing surfaces over relatively large areas, and has potential for use in the food industry as an aid for detection of specific food residues. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Everard, Colin D.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biosyst Engn, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Kim, Moon S.; Lee, Hoyoung] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Everard, CD (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biosyst Engn, Dublin 4, Ireland. EM colm.everard@ucd.ie FU European Union [PIOF-GA-2011-299392] FX This publication is the result of research conducted with the financial support of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under the Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowships for Career Development (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF; grant number, PIOF-GA-2011-299392). NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD JAN PY 2016 VL 59 BP 243 EP 249 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.05.030 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CW3KA UT WOS:000364890000033 ER PT J AU Wang, B Mahoney, NE Pan, ZL Khir, R Wu, BG Ma, HL Zhao, LM AF Wang, Bei Mahoney, Noreen E. Pan, Zhongli Khir, Ragab Wu, Bengang Ma, Haile Zhao, Liming TI Effectiveness of pulsed light treatment for degradation and detoxification of aflatoxin B-1 and B-2 in rough rice and rice bran SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Rice; Pulsed light; Degradation; Aflatoxin; Anemia sauna; Fluctuation test ID CONTAMINATED RICE; MUTAGENICITY TEST; INACTIVATION; IRRADIATION; FRACTIONS; REDUCTION; CORN AB Aflatoxins primarily accumulate in the hull and bran layers of rough rice making these by-products of rice milling unsuitable for animal feed or human consumption. Contaminated rough rice is also a potential source of aflatoxin exposure to workers handling the grain during post-harvest storage and processing. Currently, no technologies are available to remove or detoxify these toxic and mutagenic fungal metabolites from contaminated rough rice. Pulsed light (PL) is a novel technology with the potential to degrade and detoxify aflatoxins in foods and their processing by-products. Rough rice was inoculated with Aspergillus flavus to produce aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) and B-2 (AFB(2)) contamination, followed by PL treatments of 0.52 J/cm(2)/pulse for various durations. A PL treatment time of 80 s reduced AFB(1) and AFB2 in rough rice by 75.0% and 39.2%, respectively; while a treatment time of 15 s reduced AFB(1) and AFB2 in rice bran by 903% and 86.7%, respectively. Since PL treatments result in the degradation of aflatoxins in situ, the toxicity and mutagenic activity of the residual by-products of AFB(1) and AFB(2) after PL treatment were evaluated. Toxicity was estimated using the brine shrimp (Anemia sauna) lethality assay and mutagenicity measured by the fluctuation test with Salmonella typhimurum tester strains TA98 and TA100. The mutagenic activity of AFB(1) and AFB(2) was completely eliminated by PL treatment, while the toxicity of these two aflatoxins was significantly decreased. The obtained results suggest that PL technology has a promising potential to degrade, detoxify, and inactivate the mutagenic activity of aflatoxins in rough rice and rice bran. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wang, Bei; Pan, Zhongli; Khir, Ragab] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Mahoney, Noreen E.; Pan, Zhongli] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Wang, Bei; Pan, Zhongli; Wu, Bengang; Ma, Haile] Jiangsu Univ, Sch Food & Biol Engn, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Khir, Ragab] Suez Canal Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Agr Engn, Ismailia 41522, Egypt. [Zhao, Liming] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Biotechnol, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. RP Pan, ZL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM zlpan@ucdavis.edu OI Wang, Bei/0000-0001-5940-4075 FU International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jiangsu [BZ2012052] FX The authors thank Farmers' Rice Cooperative for supplying rice samples and the support by International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jiangsu (No. BZ2012052). NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 15 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD JAN PY 2016 VL 59 BP 461 EP 467 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.06.030 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CW3KA UT WOS:000364890000061 ER PT J AU Li, CC Huang, LH Hwang, CA Chen, JQ AF Li, Changcheng Huang, Lihan Hwang, Cheng-An Chen, Jinquan TI Growth of Listeria monocytogenes in salmon roe - A kinetic analysis SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Listeria monocytogenes; Growth kinetics; Salmon roe ID BACTERIAL-GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; MODEL; GASTROENTERITIS; MICROBIOLOGY; PRODUCTS; OUTBREAK AB The objective of this study was to investigate the growth kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes in unsalted and salted (3%) salmon roe. Growth curves, developed using inoculated samples incubated at constant temperatures between 5 and 30 degrees C, were analyzed by curve-fitting to the Huang and Baranyi models using the USDA IPMP 2013. The experimental results showed that L. monocytogenes in salted samples exhibited approximately 40% longer lag times than the cells in unsalted samples under the same temperature condition, while the rates of bacterial growth were not affected by the addition of salt. The Ratkowsky square-root (RSR) model, Huang square-root (HSR) model, and an Arrhenius-type model were all shown suitable for evaluating the effect of temperature on specific growth rates. The estimated nominal minimum growth temperature in the RSR model was 0.5 degrees C, whereas the minimum growth temperature in HSR model was 2.57 degrees C. The HSR models may be more suitable for describing the temperature effect in salted salmon roe. The lag times of L. monocytogenes were found to change log-linearly with the specific growth rates. The mean 110 in the Baranyi model was 0.742 in unsalted samples and 1.193 in salted samples, and did not appear to change with temperature in a systematic manner. In summary, kinetic models were developed for examining the effect of temperature on growth of L monocytogenes in unsalted and salted salmon roe samples. The results may be used by the food industry and regulatory agencies to estimate the growth of L. monocytogenes in salmon roe, and to conduct risk assessments of this microorganism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Li, Changcheng; Chen, Jinquan] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Sch Food Sci, Fuzhou 350001, Peoples R China. [Huang, Lihan; Hwang, Cheng-An] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Huang, LH (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM lihan.huang@ars.usda.gov OI Huang, Lihan/0000-0002-9565-4503 FU USDA/NIFA [2011-68003-20096] FX The authors would like to thank Mr. Harter Barry (ERRC, ARS-USDA) for technical assistance. This project is partially supported by a USDA/NIFA grant (2011-68003-20096). NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD JAN PY 2016 VL 59 BP 538 EP 545 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.06.016 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CW3KA UT WOS:000364890000071 ER PT J AU Tuncil, YE Jondiko, T Tilley, M Hays, DB Awika, JM AF Tuncil, Y. E. Jondiko, T. Tilley, M. Hays, D. B. Awika, J. M. TI Combination of null alleles with 7+9 allelic pair at Glu-B1 locus on the long arm of group 1 chromosome improves wheat dough functionality for tortillas SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Proteins; Wheat; Gluten; Glutenin deletion; Tortilla quality ID BREAD-MAKING QUALITY; GLUTENIN SUBUNIT COMPOSITION; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT SUBUNITS; FLOUR TORTILLAS; STARCH; ELASTICITY; PROTEINS; STORAGE; LINES AB Deletion of one or more high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) alleles alters gluten functionality in ways that can be exploited to design wheat for specialty products. In this work, we investigated whether combining 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu-B1 locus with deletion of other HMW-GS alleles at Glu-A1 or Glu-D1 locus would produce ideal gluten functionality for tortillas. Flours from 17 wheat lines were evaluated for insoluble polymeric protein (IPP) content and gluten properties. Tortillas were produced by hot-press method and evaluated during 16 days storage. Compared to non-deletion lines, deletion line generally had lower IPP (362 vs 414 mg/g); produced more extensible dough (44.9 vs 33.4 mm), which required lower equilibrium force to compress (4.12 vs 7.55 N); and produced larger diameter tortillas (180 vs 165 mm). In general, deletion lines produced tortillas with poor flexibility (score <3.0) after 16 days. However, combination of 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu-B1 locus with deletions at Glu-A1 or Glu-D1 consistently produced large diameter tortillas that retained good flexibility during 16 days of storage. The 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu-B1 plays a crucial role in wheat gluten functionality essential for tortillas, and may be a good target for genetic improvement of wheat for flatbreads. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tuncil, Y. E.; Jondiko, T.; Hays, D. B.; Awika, J. M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Jondiko, T.; Awika, J. M.] Texas A&M Univ, Nutr & Food Sci Dept, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Tilley, M.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Awika, JM (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM jawika@ag.tamu.edu NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 EI 1096-1127 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 65 BP 683 EP 688 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.08.074 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CW2BS UT WOS:000364796700090 ER PT J AU Armstrong, DL Lozano, N Rice, CP Ramirez, M Torrents, A AF Armstrong, Dana L. Lozano, Nuria Rice, Clifford P. Ramirez, Mark Torrents, Alba TI Temporal trends of perfluoroalkyl substances in limed biosolids from a large municipal water resource recovery facility SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biosolids; Sewage sludge; Perfluorinated compounds; Perfluoroalkyl substances; Trends; Storage ID WASTE-WATER; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; TREATMENT PLANTS; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; ALKYL SUBSTANCES; FATE; ACIDS; SULFONATE; EXPOSURE AB While the recycling of wastewater biosolids via land-application is a sustainable practice for nutrient recovery and soil reclamation that has become increasingly common worldwide, concerns remain that this practice may become a source of toxic, persistent organic pollutants to the environment. This study concentrates on assessing the presence and the temporal trends of 12 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), pollutants of global consequence, in limed Class B biosolids from a municipal water resource recovery facility (WRRF), also know as a wastewater treatment plant. PFASs are of significant concern due to their extensive presence and persistence in environmental and biotic samples worldwide, most notably human blood samples. Class B biosolids were collected from the WRRF, prior to land-application, approximately every two to three months, from 2005 to 2013. Overall, this study found that concentrations of the 7 detectable PFAS compounds remained unchanged over the 8-year period, a result that is consistent with other temporal studies of these compounds in sewage sludges. From these analyzed compounds, the highest mean concentrations observed over the study period were 25.1 ng/g dw, 23.5 ng/g dw, and 22.5 ng/g dw for perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), respectively, and these compounds were detected at concentrations 2.5-5 times higher than the remaining, detectable PFASs. Furthermore, it was observed that PFOS, while demonstrating no overall change during the study, exhibited a visible spike in concentration from late 2006 to early 2007. This study indicates that concentrations of PFASs in WRRFs have been stagnant over time, despite regulation. This study also demonstrates that the use of glass jars with polytetrafluoroethylene-lined lids, a common storage method for environmental samples, will not influence PFOA and PFNA concentrations in archived biosolids samples. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Armstrong, Dana L.; Lozano, Nuria; Torrents, Alba] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lozano, Nuria] Univ Cantabria, Dept Water & Environm Sci & Technol, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Rice, Clifford P.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ramirez, Mark] Dist Columbia Water & Sewer Author, DCWater, Washington, DC USA. RP Torrents, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1173 Glenn L Martin Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM alba@umd.edu OI Armstrong, Dana/0000-0003-3312-2795 FU District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority (DCWater); US Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) FX Funding of this research was provided by the District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority (DCWater) and the US Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS). NR 58 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 54 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 165 BP 88 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.09.023 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV9NF UT WOS:000364613200010 PM 26413802 ER PT J AU Cen, HY Lu, RF Zhu, QB Mendoza, F AF Cen, Haiyan Lu, Renfu Zhu, Qibing Mendoza, Fernando TI Nondestructive detection of chilling injury in cucumber fruit using hyperspectral imaging with feature selection and supervised classification SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chilling injury; Cucumbers; Hyperspectral imaging; Wavebands selection; Supervised classification ID PICKLING CUCUMBERS; MUTUAL INFORMATION; QUALITY; SYSTEM; IMAGES; DAMAGE; TEMPERATURE; INSPECTION; WAVEBANDS; ALGORITHM AB Chilling injury, as a physiological disorder in cucumbers, occurs after the fruit has been subjected to low temperatures. It is thus desirable to detect chilling injury at early stages and/or remove chilling injured cucumbers during sorting and grading. This research was aimed to apply hyperspectral imaging technique, combined with feature selection methods and supervised classification algorithms, to detect chilling injury in cucumbers. Hyperspectral reflectance (500-675 nm) and transmittance (675-1000 nm) images for normal and chilling injured cucumbers were acquired, using an in-house developed online hyperspectral imaging system. Three feature selection methods including mutual information feature selection (MIFS), max-relevance min-redundancy (MRMR), and sequential forward selection (SFS) were used and compared for optimal wavebands selection. Supervised classifications with naive Bayes (NB), support vector machine (SVM), and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) were then implemented for the two-class (i.e., normal and chilling) and three-class (i.e., normal, lightly chilling, and severely chilling) classifications based on the spectral and image analysis at selected two-band ratios. It was found that the majority of the optimal wavebands selected by MIFS, MRMR, and SFS for both two-class and three-class classifications were from the spectral transmittance images in the short-near infrared region. The SFS feature selection method together with the SVM classifier resulted in the best overall classification accuracy of 100%, and the overall accuracy of 90.5% for the three-class classification, based on the spectral analysis. The classification results based on the textural features (first-order statistics and second-order statistics features) extracted from the optimal two-band ratio images were comparable to those achieved using the spectral features, with the best overall accuracies of 100% and 91.6% for the two-class and the three class classifications, respectively. These results demonstrated the potential of hyperspectral imaging technique for online detection of chilling injury in cucumbers. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cen, Haiyan] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Biosyst Engn & Food Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Cen, Haiyan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lu, Renfu] Michigan State Univ, USDA, ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zhu, Qibing] Jiangnan Univ, Key Lab Adv Proc Control Light Ind, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Mendoza, Fernando] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Cen, HY (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Coll Biosyst Engn & Food Sci, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM hycen@zju.edu.cn FU USDA-ARS project "Development of imaging technologies for defects detection of horticultural products" [3635-43640-001-08] FX This research was conducted as a part of the USDA-ARS project 3635-43640-001-08 "Development of imaging technologies for defects detection of horticultural products". NR 41 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 16 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 111 BP 352 EP 361 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.09.027 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA CV6DU UT WOS:000364361700044 ER PT J AU Nemec, K Beckendorf, E Hesler, L Riedell, W Lundgren, J AF Nemec, Kristine Beckendorf, Eric Hesler, Louis Riedell, Walter Lundgren, Jonathan TI The effect of flowering calendula and cuphea plants on Orius insidiosus survival and predation of Aphis glycines SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oilseed crops; cuphea; calendula; Orius insidiosus; Aphis glycines; soybean aphid ID ENHANCING BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SOYBEAN APHID; FLORAL RESOURCES; NATURAL ENEMIES; OILSEED CROPS; DIVERSITY; INSECTS; FITNESS; PEST; COCCINELLIDAE AB Flowering oilseed crops have the potential to diversify agroecosystems currently dominated by corn and soybeans and improve the provision of ecosystem services such as pest control. Nectar and pollen feeding may increase natural enemy fitness and searching behaviour, increasing their survival and prey consumption rates. The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura; Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a particularly widespread and costly agricultural pest. In this study, we evaluate the effects of two flowering oilseed crops, cuphea and calendula, on the survival of the insidious flower bug (Orius insidiosus Say; Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and its consumption levels of A. glycines placed on soybean plants. We also evaluated the survival of O. insidiosus when placed on glandular and non-glandular cuphea varieties. The amount of A. glycines that remained unconsumed by O. insidiosus did not differ among treatments. Because mortality levels of O. insidiosus were higher on glandular compared to non-glandular cuphea plants, glandular trichomes, or plant hairs, may play a role in impeding movement and prey consumption by O. insidious. C1 [Nemec, Kristine; Beckendorf, Eric; Hesler, Louis; Riedell, Walter; Lundgren, Jonathan] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD USA. RP Nemec, K (reprint author), Univ No Iowa, Tallgrass Prairie Ctr, 2412 West 27th St, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 USA. EM kristinenemec14@gmail.com FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture AFRI competitive grant [2012-67009-20272] FX Funding was provided by a National Institute of Food and Agriculture AFRI competitive grant [2012-67009-20272]. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 29 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2016 VL 26 IS 1 BP 12 EP 22 DI 10.1080/09583157.2015.1072130 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA CV0XE UT WOS:000363976300002 ER PT J AU Goolsby, JA Moran, PJ Racelis, AE Summy, KR Jimenez, MM Lacewell, RD de Leon, AP Kirk, AA AF Goolsby, John A. Moran, Patrick J. Racelis, Alexis E. Summy, Kenneth R. Martinez Jimenez, Maricela Lacewell, Ronald D. Perez de Leon, Adalberto Kirk, Alan A. TI Impact of the biological control agent Tetramesa romana (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) on Arundo donax (Poaceae: Arundinoideae) along the Rio Grande River in Texas SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biological control; giant reed; carrizo cane; invasive weeds; gall-forming wasp; pathogenic landscape ID GIANT REED; NORTH-AMERICA; HOST-RANGE; WASP; ESTABLISHMENT; AUSTRALIA; IMAGERY; SPREAD; AREAS; BASIN AB Five years post-release of the arundo gall wasp, Tetramesa romana, into the riparian habitats of the lower Rio Grande River, changes in the health of the invasive weed, Arundo donax, or giant reed, have been documented. These changes in plant attributes are fairly consistent along the study area of 558 river miles between Del Rio and Brownsville, TX, and support the hypothesis that the arundo wasp has had a significant impact as a biological control agent. Plant attributes were measured prior to release in 10 quadrats at each of 10 field sites in 2007, and measured again at the same undisturbed sites, 5 years after the release of T. romana, in 2014. Above ground biomass of A. donax decreased on average by 22% across the 10 sites. This decline in biomass was negatively correlated to increased total numbers of T. romana exit holes in main and lateral shoots per site in 2014 compared to 2007. Changes in biomass, live shoot density and shoot lengths, especially the positive effect of galling on main and lateral shoot mortality, appear to be leading to a consistent decline of A. donax. Economically, this reduction in A. donax biomass is estimated to be saving 4.4 million dollars per year in agricultural water. Additional impacts are expected as populations of the wasp increase and as other biological control agents such as the arundo scale, Rhizaspidiotus donacis, become more widespread. C1 [Goolsby, John A.] Agr Res Serv, Dept Agr, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Moran, Patrick J.] USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. [Racelis, Alexis E.; Summy, Kenneth R.] Univ Texas Rio Grande Valley, Dept Biol, Edinburg, TX USA. [Martinez Jimenez, Maricela] Inst Mexicano Tecnol Agua, Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico. [Lacewell, Ronald D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Agr Econ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Perez de Leon, Adalberto] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78029 USA. [Kirk, Alan A.] USDA ARS, European Biol Control Lab, Montpellier, France. RP Goolsby, JA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Dept Agr, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM john.goolsby@ars.usda.gov FU Department of Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection; Lower Rio Grande Valley Development Council FX Funds for research support were provided by the Department of Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection and the Lower Rio Grande Valley Development Council. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2016 VL 26 IS 1 BP 47 EP 60 DI 10.1080/09583157.2015.1074980 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA CV0XE UT WOS:000363976300005 ER PT J AU Rand, TA Waters, DK Shanower, TG AF Rand, Tatyana A. Waters, Debra K. Shanower, Thomas G. TI Preliminary evaluation of the parasitoid wasp, Collyria catoptron, as a potential biological control agent against the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus, in North America SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biocontrol; cereals; wheat pests; host-parasitoid interactions ID SPRING WHEAT; HYMENOPTERA; CEPHIDAE; DAMAGE; RATES; DATE AB The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) is the major pest of wheat in the northern plains of North America, with biological control providing a potentially useful management tool. Foreign exploration by the USDA-ARS identified Collyria catoptron (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid wasp of Cephus fumipennis in northern China, as a potential biological control agent. Here we carry out a preliminary evaluation of the potential suitability of C. catoptron, as a candidate agent against C. cinctus. Specifically we: (1) Quantify the spatio-temporal variation in parasitism rates on the native host from collection sites in northern China over six years, and (2) Assess whether C. catoptron will oviposit and complete development in the novel targeted host. Maximum parasitism of the native host in the native range was 38%, exceeding the theoretical threshold for successful biological control. Site occupancy levels were high (83%) suggesting good colonisation abilities. C. catoptron clearly recognised and attacked C. cinctus, with parasitism levels exceeding those observed on the co-evolved host C. fumipennis. However, we found no evidence that C. catoptron can complete development in C. cinctus; no adults were reared from this host in either year of the study. In contrast 50-60% of the parasitoids survived to emerge as adults in C. fumipennis. Thus, C. catoptron is unlikely to be a suitable agent against C. cinctus due to basic host incompatibility. Future work will be directed towards developing conservation biological control approaches using native parasitoid species already present in the USA. C1 [Rand, Tatyana A.; Waters, Debra K.; Shanower, Thomas G.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Shanower, Thomas G.] USDA ARS, Pacific West Area Off, Albany, CA USA. RP Rand, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM tatyana.rand@ars.usda.gov FU Montana Wheat and Barley Committee Grant [5412-462] FX Funding for equipment in support of this project was provided by a Montana Wheat and Barley Committee Grant to TAR (Project Grant# 5412-462). NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2016 VL 26 IS 1 BP 61 EP 71 DI 10.1080/09583157.2015.1076377 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA CV0XE UT WOS:000363976300006 ER PT J AU Weaver, MA Boyette, CD Hoagland, RE AF Weaver, Mark A. Boyette, C. Douglas Hoagland, Robert E. TI Management of kudzu by the bioherbicide, Myrothecium verrucaria, herbicides and integrated control programmes SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Herbicidal control; invasive species; Pueraria montana var. lobata; weed control ID PUERARIA-MONTANA; AMINOCYCLOPYRACHLOR; GLYPHOSATE; STRAIN AB Replicated field plots were established and monitored for two years to evaluate management practices for kudzu. The bioherbicidal plant pathogen, Myrothecium verrucaria, several herbicides and a variety of integrated control programmes achieved a high level of kudzu suppression, although no system tested reliably achieved eradication in this time frame. C1 [Weaver, Mark A.; Boyette, C. Douglas] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Hoagland, Robert E.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Weaver, MA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM mark.weaver@ars.usda.gov OI Weaver, Mark/0000-0001-9020-7264 NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 44 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2016 VL 26 IS 1 BP 136 EP 140 DI 10.1080/09583157.2015.1072762 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA CV0XE UT WOS:000363976300012 ER PT J AU Irisarri, JGN Texeira, M Reeves, J AF Irisarri, J. Gonzalo N. Texeira, Marcos Reeves, Justin TI It is okay to be average when quantifying rangeland dynamics Comment on: Easdale, M.H & Bruzzone, O. 2015: Anchored in 'average thinking' in studies of arid rangeland dynamics - The need for a step forward from traditional measures of variability. J. Arid. Environ. 116: 77-81 SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Letter ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION C1 [Irisarri, J. Gonzalo N.] UBA CONICET, Fac Agron, Catedra Forrajicutlura LART, IFEVA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Texeira, Marcos] UBA CONICET, Fac Agron, Dept Metodos Cuantitat & Sistemas Informac, IFEVA,LART, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Reeves, Justin] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY USA. RP Irisarri, JGN (reprint author), UBA CONICET, Fac Agron, Catedra Forrajicutlura LART, IFEVA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM irisarri@agro.uba.ar NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 124 BP 10 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.06.005 PG 3 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4OA UT WOS:000364245200002 ER PT J AU Morris, C Badik, KJ Morris, LR Weltz, MA AF Morris, Christo Badik, Kevin J. Morris, Lesley R. Weltz, Mark A. TI Integrating precipitation, grazing, past effects and interactions in long-term vegetation change SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Artemisia tridentata ssp vaseyana; Bodie Hills; Disturbance; Succession; Transition ID TRANSITION MODELS; ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; WATER RELATIONS; STATE; RANGELANDS; DESERT; ECOSYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; COMMUNITIES AB Determining the causes of vegetation change in arid and semi-arid environments can be difficult and may involve multiple factors, including disturbance, inter-annual climatic variation, soils, effects from years past and interactions between these factors. Theoretical models describing vegetation change in these systems have generally focused on a single aspect as the primary driver. The integration of these factors into a single model may be what is required to fully understand the drivers of vegetation change in desert systems. To test the contributions of these various factors, we analyzed a long-term (1979-2011) vegetation dataset using multiple linear regression. While precipitation and livestock density were important variables for explaining vegetation change, the consistency with which past effects and interactions significantly improved the models underscores their importance. Past effects were included in every model except for shrub diversity, and included both precipitation and livestock density effects. A novel approach to addressing the interaction between grazing and precipitation was included by dividing precipitation by stocking density. Grass density had a high positive correlation with this metric, while shrub cover had a small negative correlation. These results support the integration of multiple factors to explain vegetation change. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Morris, Christo; Weltz, Mark A.] USDA ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV USA. [Badik, Kevin J.] Univ Nevada, Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol Program, Reno, NV USA. [Morris, Lesley R.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Morris, C (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Agr Sci & Nat Resources Program, One Univ Blvd, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. EM Christo.Morris@Oregonstate.edu NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 124 BP 111 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.08.005 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4OA UT WOS:000364245200013 ER PT J AU Baughman, OW Meyer, SE Aanderud, ZT Leger, EA AF Baughman, Owen W. Meyer, Susan E. Aanderud, Zachary T. Leger, Elizabeth A. TI Cheatgrass die-offs as an opportunity for restoration in the Great Basin, USA: Will local or commercial native plants succeed where exotic invaders fail? SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Bromus tectorum; Stand failure; Local adaptation; Poa secunda; Elymus elymoides ID BROMUS-TECTORUM L; ELYMUS-MULTISETUS; DOWNY BROME; ESTABLISHMENT; COMMUNITIES; COMPETITION; RANGELAND; INVASION; TRAITS; SQUIRRELTAIL AB Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) has widely invaded the Great Basin, U.S.A. The sporadic natural phenomenon of complete stand failure ('die-off') of this invader may present opportunities to restore native plants. A recent die-off in Nevada was precision-planted with seeds of the native grasses Poa secunda (Sandberg bluegrass) and Elymus elymoides (bottlebrush squirreltail), of both local and nonlocal origin, to ask: 1) Can native species be restored in recent B. tectorum die-offs? And 2) Do local and nonlocal seeds differ in performance? Additionally, we asked how litter removal and water addition affected responses. Although emergence and growth of native seeds was lower in die-off than control plots early in year one, in year two, seedlings in die-offs had increased vigor and growth, at equal or higher densities, than control plots. Local seeds consistently outperformed nonlocal seeds for P. secunda, whereas for E. elymoides, nonlocal showed an advantage in the first season, but in the second season, there were more local seeds present under die-off and unraked conditions. Seedbed treatments affected performance, but did not notably improve establishment or modify other results. Our results warrant further investigation into die-off restoration as well as recognition of the importance of seed source selection in restoration. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). C1 [Baughman, Owen W.; Leger, Elizabeth A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Meyer, Susan E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. [Aanderud, Zachary T.] Brigham Young Univ, Coll Life Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Baughman, OW (reprint author), Univ Nevada, 1664 N Virginia St,MS186, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM owbaughman@gmail.com FU Bureau of Land Management under the Integrated Cheatgrass Die-off Project; Nevada Department of Wildlife; Great Basin Landscape Conservation Cooperative FX This work was funded by the Bureau of Land Management under the Integrated Cheatgrass Die-off Project, as well as by the Nevada Department of Wildlife and the Great Basin Landscape Conservation Cooperative (2013). We thank Drs. Lee Turner and Matthew Forister for aiding in coordinating this project (LT) and refining the manuscript (LT, MF). We thank Rob Burton and Dr. Calvin Jennings of the Winnemucca District of the Bureau of Land Management for enabling the establishment of the study site, and L&H Seeds, Inc. for donating commercial seeds. Many skilled field assistants and volunteers made this project possible, including Lyndsey Boyer, Bryce Wehan, Meghan Whitman, Molly Bechtel, Brian McMillan, Jacob Brannam, Wailea Johnston, Brittany Trimble, Riley Anderson, Brianna Kooreman, Curt Baughman, Dashiell Hibbard, Michelle Hochrein, and Drs. Kevin Badik, Lauren Porensky, and Dan Atwater. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 41 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 124 BP 193 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.08.011 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4OA UT WOS:000364245200023 ER PT J AU Blank, RR Morgan, T AF Blank, Robert R. Morgan, Tye TI Plant interactions with soils conditioned by different vegetation: A potential explanation of Bromus tectorum L. invasion into salt-deserts? SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Cheatgrass; Creeping wildrye; Krascheninnikovia lanata; Leymus triticoides; Winterfat ID NITROGEN UPTAKE; ROOT; AVAILABILITY; COMMUNITIES; RESOURCES; FEEDBACKS; GROWTH; BASIN AB Invasion by Bromus tectorum L. may condition the soil and increase nutrient availability. We hypothesized that nutrient poor soils of the arid Honey Lake Valley of northeastern California U.S.A., similar in physical and chemical properties, but conditioned by either B. tectorum, Krascheninnikovia lanata, or Artemisia tridentata, would differ as a rooting medium. These soil/vegetation types were placed in equal volumes in replicate 5400 cm(3) cylindrical containers, the template removed, and sown to B. tectorum or Leymus triticoides; controls were left unplanted. At harvest, root mass, root nutrient concentrations, and selected soil nutrients were quantified for each soil/vegetation type. Root mass was statistically similar among soil/vegetation types and seeded plants. After harvest, and relative to unplanted controls, B. tectorum invaded soil lost a greater proportion of several nutrients than the other soil/vegetation types suggesting greater nutrient uptake from that soil. Soil/vegetation types planted to B. tectorum had significantly greater depletion of soil nutrients compared to soils planted to L triticoides. Soil invaded by B. tectorum had greater nutrient availability than similar soil conditioned by A. tridentata or K. lanata and offers a plausible explanation of why this exotic annual grass has been able to invade nutrient poor salt-desert ecosystems. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Blank, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Morgan, Tye] Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Blank, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM bob.blank@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 40 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 124 BP 233 EP 238 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.08.019 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4OA UT WOS:000364245200027 ER PT J AU Clark, PE Lee, J Ko, K Nielson, RM Johnson, DE Ganskopp, DC Pierson, FB Hardegree, SP AF Clark, Patrick E. Lee, Jaechoul Ko, Kyungduk Nielson, Ryan M. Johnson, Douglas E. Ganskopp, David C. Pierson, Fredrick B. Hardegree, Stuart P. TI Prescribed fire effects on resource selection by cattle in mesic sagebrush steppe. Part 2: Mid-summer grazing SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Burning; GPS tracking; Livestock distribution; Modeling; Rangeland improvement; Riparian use ID WINTER HABITAT SELECTION; JUNIPER ENCROACHMENT; UNITED-STATES; GREAT-BASIN; MULE DEER; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; PLANT-PRODUCTION; WESTERN JUNIPER; BIGHORN SHEEP; BEEF-CATTLE AB Prescribed fire can release herbaceous forages from woody plant competition thus promoting increased forage plant production, vigor, and accessibility. Prescribe fire also consumes standing litter thereby improving forage quality and palatability. Consequently, prescribed fire is commonly considered an effective tool for manipulating livestock distribution on rangelands. Efficacy of this tool on mesic sage-brush steppe, however, has received little research attention. Beginning in 2001, resource selection by beef cows under a mid-summer (July) grazing regime was evaluated using global positioning system (GPS) collars for 2 years prior to and for up to 5 years after a fall prescribed fire was conducted on mesic sagebrush steppe in the Owyhee Mountains of southwestern Idaho, USA. Cattle selected for burned areas during the first, second, and fifth postfire years. Cattle had exhibited neutral selectivity towards these areas, during one of the two prefire years. Burning in the uplands reduced cattle use of near-stream habitats but only during the second postfire year. Differences in phenological timing of grazing may account for differences in cattle response to burning noted between this study and one conducted nearby under a spring (May) grazing regime. This is a case study and caution should be taken in extrapolating these results. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Clark, Patrick E.; Pierson, Fredrick B.; Hardegree, Stuart P.] USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Lee, Jaechoul; Ko, Kyungduk] Boise State Univ, Dept Math, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Nielson, Ryan M.] Western Ecosyst Technol Inc, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA. [Johnson, Douglas E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Rangeland Ecol & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ganskopp, David C.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Clark, PE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, 800 E Pk Blvd,Suite 105, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM pat.clark@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service FX Funding for this research was provided by the USDA Agricultural Research Service. Prescribed burning was expertly conducted by the Boise District, USDI Bureau of Land Management, Boise, ID. M. Johnson and K. Johnson provided invaluable assistance in tracking data post-processing. D. Spencer provided technical expertise in GPS tracking technologies. NR 84 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 124 BP 398 EP 412 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.03.005 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4OA UT WOS:000364245200043 ER PT J AU Ozturk, S Kong, FB Trabelsi, S Singh, RK AF Ozturk, Samet Kong, Fanbin Trabelsi, Samir Singh, Rakesh K. TI Dielectric properties of dried vegetable powders and their temperature profile during radio frequency heating SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Radio frequency heating; Vegetable powder; Dielectric properties; Heating rate ID DENSITY DEPENDENCE; MICROWAVE-ENERGY; 27.12 MHZ; WHEAT; RADIOFREQUENCY; MOISTURE; INSECTS; FOODS; FLOUR; PASTEURIZATION AB Dielectric properties of selected vegetables powders as influenced by moisture content (MC), compaction density and temperature were determined using a precision LCR meter and liquid test fixture at radio frequency (RE) ranging from 1 to 30 MHz. The RF heating rate of samples was evaluated using a 27.12-MHz, 6-kW RF oven. The results showed that dielectric properties, namely, the dielectric constant, epsilon' and loss factor, epsilon '', of vegetable powders were influenced by MC, compaction density and temperature of the samples and the RF frequency. Both the dielectric constant and loss factor increased with increasing MC and temperature, but decreased with increasing frequency. Additionally, dielectric properties of samples increased with compaction density to a peak, then decreased. The relationship between MC, temperature and dielectric properties of broccoli powder at 13.56 and 27.12 MHz can be described by quadratic models with high correlation coefficients (R-2 > 0.96). The RF heating rate in samples increased linearly with dielectric loss factor and MC. The information provided in this study is useful to develop an effective RE heating strategy to pasteurize dried vegetable powders. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ozturk, Samet; Kong, Fanbin; Singh, Rakesh K.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Trabelsi, Samir] USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. RP Kong, FB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM fkong@uga.edu FU USDA-NIFA AFRI [2013-67005-21295] FX This study was funded by the USDA-NIFA AFRI. Grant Number: 2013-67005-21295. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 EI 1873-5770 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 169 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.08.008 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA CU8WW UT WOS:000363825800012 ER PT J AU Blaustein, RA Hill, RL Micallef, SA Shelton, DR Pachepsky, YA AF Blaustein, Ryan A. Hill, Robert L. Micallef, Shirley A. Shelton, Daniel R. Pachepsky, Yakov A. TI Rainfall intensity effects on removal of fecal indicator bacteria from solid dairy manure applied over grass-covered soil SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Microbial release; Dairy manure; Rainfall intensity; E. coli; Enterococci; Runoff and infiltration ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POULTRY LITTER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CATTLE MANURE; E. COLI; RELEASE; RUNOFF; TRANSPORT; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; ENTEROCOCCI AB The rainfall-induced release of pathogens and microbial indicators from land-applied manure and their subsequent removal with runoff and infiltration precedes the impairment of surface and groundwater resources. It has been assumed that rainfall intensity and changes in intensity during rainfall do not affect microbial removal when expressed as a function of rainfall depth. The objective of this work was to test this assumption by measuring the removal of Escherichia coli, enterococci, total coliforms, and chloride ion from dairy manure applied in soil boxes containing fescue, under 3, 6, and 9 cm h(-1) of rainfall. Runoff and leachate were collected at increasing time intervals during rainfall, and post-rainfall soil samples were taken at 0, 2, 5, and 10 cm depths. Three kinetic-based models were fitted to the data on manure-constituent removal with runoff. Rainfall intensity appeared to have positive effects on rainwater partitioning to runoff, and removal with this effluent type occurred in two stages. While rainfall intensity generally did not impact the parameters of runoff-removal models, it had significant, inverse effects on the numbers of bacteria remaining in soil after rainfall. As rainfall intensity and soil profile depth increased, the numbers of indicator bacteria tended to decrease. The cumulative removal of E. coli from manure exceeded that of enterococci, especially in the form of removal with infiltration. This work may be used to improve the parameterization of models for bacteria removal with runoff and to advance estimations of depths of bacteria removal with infiltration, both of which are critical to risk assessment of microbial fate and transport in the environment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Blaustein, Ryan A.; Shelton, Daniel R.; Pachepsky, Yakov A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Blaustein, Ryan A.; Hill, Robert L.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Micallef, Shirley A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Micallef, Shirley A.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Food Safety & Secur Syst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Blaustein, RA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Genet Inst, 2033 Mowry Rd,Rm 330E, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM rblauste@ufl.edu OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 FU USDA-ARS [8042-12630-008-00D] FX This research was funded by the USDA-ARS as a component to the research project "Pathogen fate and transport in irrigation waters" (project number: 8042-12630-008-00D). NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 539 BP 583 EP 591 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.108 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4PA UT WOS:000364247800063 PM 26386449 ER PT J AU Delwiche, SR Graybosch, RA AF Delwiche, Stephen R. Graybosch, Robert A. TI Binary mixtures of waxy wheat and conventional wheat as measured by NIR reflectance SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE Waxy wheat; Quantification; Mixture; Amylose; Near infrared spectroscopy ID SPECTROSCOPY; AMYLOSE; STARCH; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS; ALLELES; QUALITY; FLOURS AB Waxy wheat contains very low concentration (generally <2%) of amylose in endosperm starch, in contrast to conventional wheat whose starch is typically 20% amylose, with the balance being the branched macromolecule, amylopectin. With the release of a commercial hard winter waxy wheat cultivar in the United States, the grain trade, milling, and processing industries seek to have a rapid technique to ensure the purity of identity preserved waxy wheat lots. Near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy, a technique widely used in the cereals industry for proximate analysis, is a logical candidate for measuring contamination level and thus is the subject of this study. Two sets of wheat samples, harvested, prepared and scanned one year apart, were used to evaluate the NIR concept. One year consisted of nine pairs of conventional:waxy preparations, with each preparation consisting of 29 binary mixtures ranging in conventional wheat fraction (by weight) of 0-100% (261 spectral samples). The second year was prepared in the same fashion, with 12 preparations, thus producing 348 spectral samples. One year's samples were controlled for protein content and moisture level between pair components in order to avoid the basis for the conventional wheat fraction models being caused by something other than spectral differences attributed to waxy and nonwaxy endosperm. Likewise the second year was controlled by selection of conventional wheat for mixture preparation based on either protein content or cluster analysis of principal components of candidate spectra. Partial least squares regression, one and two-term linear regression, and support vector machine regression models were examined. Validation statistics arising from sets within the same year or across years were remarkably similar, as were those among the three regression types. A single wavelength on second derivative transformed spectra, namely 2290 nm, was effective at estimating the mixture level by weight, with standard errors of performance in the 6-9% range. Thus, NIR spectroscopy may be used for measuring conventional hard wheat 'contamination' in waxy wheat at mixture levels above 10% w/w. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Delwiche, Stephen R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Graybosch, Robert A.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Dept Agron, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Delwiche, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Bldg 303,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM stephen.delwiche@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 EI 1873-3573 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 146 BP 496 EP 506 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.08.063 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA CU8SY UT WOS:000363815600071 PM 26695296 ER PT J AU Nam, S French, AD Condon, BD Concha, M AF Nam, Sunghyun French, Alfred D. Condon, Brian D. Concha, Monica TI Segal crystallinity index revisited by the simulation of X-ray diffraction patterns of cotton cellulose I beta and cellulose II SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Cellulose I beta; Cellulose II; Segal crystallinity index; Diffraction; Simulation ID NEUTRON FIBER DIFFRACTION; HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM; C-13 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; PACKING ANALYSIS; POLYSACCHARIDES; SIZE AB The Segal method estimates the amorphous fraction of cellulose I beta materials simply based on intensity at 18 degrees 2 theta in an X-ray diffraction pattern and was extended to cellulose II using 16 degrees 2 theta intensity. To address the dependency of Segal amorphous intensity on crystal size, cellulose polymorph, and the degree of polymorphic conversion, we simulated the diffraction patterns of cotton celluloses (1 beta and II) and compared the simulated amorphous fractions with the Segal values. The diffraction patterns of control and mercerized cottons, respectively, were simulated with perfect crystals of cellulose I beta (1.54 degrees FWHM) and cellulose 11 (2.30 degrees FWHM) as well as 10% and 35% amorphous celluloses. Their Segal amorphous fractions were 15% and 31%, respectively. The higher Segal amorphous fraction for control cotton was attributed to the peak overlap. Although the amorphous fraction was set in the simulation, the peak overlap induced by the increase of FWHM further enhanced the Segal amorphous intensity of cellulose I beta. For cellulose II, the effect of peak overlap was smaller; however the lower reflection of the amorphous cellulose scattering in its Segal amorphous location resulted in smaller Segal amorphous fractions. Despite this underestimation, the relatively good agreement of the Segal method with the simulation for mercerized cotton was attributed to the incomplete conversion to cellulose II. The (1 - 10) and (1 - 10) peaks of cellulose I beta remained near the Segal amorphous location of cellulose II for blends of control and mercerized cotton fibers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Nam, Sunghyun; French, Alfred D.; Condon, Brian D.; Concha, Monica] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Condon, BD (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Brian.Condon@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 10 U2 79 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 135 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.08.035 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA CU8VP UT WOS:000363822500001 PM 26453844 ER PT J AU Boateng, AA Elkasabi, Y Mullen, CA AF Boateng, Akwasi A. Elkasabi, Yaseen Mullen, Charles A. TI Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) pyrolysis biorefining: Fuels and chemicals contributed from guayule leaves via tail gas reactive pyrolysis SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Guayule; Pyrolysis; Biorefining; Hydrotreating; Commodity chemicals ID BIO-OIL; BIOMASS; BAGASSE AB Guayule (Parthenium argentatum), a woody desert shrub cultivated in the southwestern United States, is a source of natural rubber and organic resins that promises to revolutionize the tire and rubber industry. Some 20,000 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) is reported to be harvested worldwide and expected to grow due to renewed interest in guayule to replace imported Hevea rubber. We have recently reported the use of guayule bagasse, the residual biomass after latex extraction, as feedstock in a pyrolysis process that employs a reactive gas environment to formulate a special intermediate bio-oil product that is easily distillable and readily synthesized to hydrocarbon (drop-in) fuels (Boateng et al., 2015). This submission reports on the use of the same pyrolysis process for the leaves of the guayule plant and the array of fuels and chemicals that the leaves can contribute to a co-located guayule biorefinery at a latex plant that could utilize the entire biomass residue value chain. The composition of the guayule leaves is different from the bagasse, with the main differences being lower resin content along with higher ash (>16 wt%) and higher nitrogen (2.6 wt%, dry ash free, dap contents resulting from the higher concentration of the plant proteins (16.4 wt% (cla0). Since the former two components have exhibited a drastic influence on pyrolysis product distribution in the past, it was incumbent upon us to explore whether the resin content would provide additional synergistic effects and influence product selectivity pathways to bio-based chemicals. We found that the combined effect of the tail gas reactive pyrolysis process, the proteinaceous nature of the guayule leaf and resin combine to create a complex mechanism that results in an interesting bio-oil intermediate product from which a slew of fuel and commodity chemical compounds can be synthesized upon mild upgrading. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Boateng, Akwasi A.; Elkasabi, Yaseen; Mullen, Charles A.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov FU Biomass Research & Development Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-10008-20271] FX The authors thank Yu lex Corporation and Dr. Colleen McMahan for providing the guayule leaves, Johnson Matthey Inc for providing upgrading catalyst, and American Refining Group Inc. for conducting the fuel carbon number testing. This project was supported by Biomass Research & Development Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2012-10008-20271 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 13 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 EI 1873-7153 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 163 BP 240 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.09.062 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA CU4CV UT WOS:000363475000030 ER PT J AU Moser, BR AF Moser, Bryan R. TI Fuel property enhancement of biodiesel fuels from common and alternative feedstocks via complementary blending SO RENEWABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Blends; Fatty acid methyl esters; Fuel; Properties ID OIL METHYL-ESTERS; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; VEGETABLE-OIL; FLOW PROPERTIES; FATTY-ACIDS; JATROPHA; PALM; COTTONSEED; IMPROVEMENT; SUNFLOWER AB Fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) prepared from field pennycress and meadowfoam seed oils were blended with methyl esters from camelina, cottonseed, palm, and soybean oils in an effort to ameliorate technical deficiencies inherent to these biodiesel fuels. For instance, camelina, cottonseed, and soybean oil-derived biodiesels exhibited poor oxidative stabilities but satisfactory kinematic viscosities. Field pennycress and meadowfoam seed oil methyl esters yielded excellent cold flow properties but high kinematic viscosities. Thus, field pennycress and meadowfoam-derived biodiesel fuels were blended with the other biodiesels to simultaneously ameliorate cold flow, oxidative stability, and viscosity deficiencies inherent to the individual fuels. Highly linear correlations were noted between blend ratio and cold flow as well as viscosity after least squares statistical regression whereas a non-linear relationship was observed for oxidative stability. Equations generated from statistical regression were highly accurate at predicting KV, reasonably accurate for prediction of cold flow properties, and less accurate at predicting oxidative stability. In summary, complementary blending enhanced fuel properties such as cold flow, kinematic viscosity, and oxidative stability of biodiesel. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Biooils Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Moser, BR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Biooils Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Bryan.Moser@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-1481 J9 RENEW ENERG JI Renew. Energy PD JAN PY 2016 VL 85 BP 819 EP 825 DI 10.1016/j.renene.2015.07.040 PG 7 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA CU2HO UT WOS:000363344800079 ER PT J AU Cole, MR Eggleston, G Gilbert, A Chung, YJ AF Cole, Marsha R. Eggleston, Gillian Gilbert, Audrey Chung, Yoo Jin TI Development of an analytical method to measure insoluble and soluble starch in sugarcane and sweet sorghum products SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Starch solubilisation; Insoluble starch; Soluble starch; Sugarcane; Sweet sorghum; Probe ultrasonication; Sugar products; Microwave ID IUPAC TECHNICAL REPORT; MICROWAVE IRRADIATION; GELATINIZATION; ULTRASOUND; CONDUCTION; AMYLOSE; SYSTEMS AB A rapid research method using microwave-assisted probe ultrasonication was developed to quantify total, insoluble, and soluble starch in various sugar crop products. Several variables affecting starch solubilisation were evaluated, (1) heating method, (2) boiling time, (3) probe ultrasonication time, (4) water loss, (5) concentration, (6) sample colour, and (7) sample. The optimised method solubilises <40,000 ppm insoluble starch with microwave-assisted sonication in 6 min, has acceptable precision (<6% CV), accuracy (>= 95%), uses a corn starch reference, and incorporates a colour blank to remove contribution from natural colourants found in industrial samples. This method was validated using factory samples and found applicable to sugarcane and sweet sorghum bagasse (3% CV), mixed juices (2%), massecuites (4%), molasses (7%), and raw sugars (12%), 100% satisfactory performance z-scores were also obtained. Total starch values obtained with this method were significantly higher than those measured using other methods presently accepted by the sugar industry. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cole, Marsha R.; Eggleston, Gillian; Chung, Yoo Jin] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Gilbert, Audrey] Agroparistech, Dept Food Sci, Paris, France. RP Cole, MR (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Marsha.Cole@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 190 BP 50 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.049 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CS2SU UT WOS:000361922800008 PM 26212940 ER PT J AU Lai, GX Chen, GY Chen, TW AF Lai, Guoxin Chen, Guoying Chen, Tuanwei TI Speciation of As-III and As-V in fruit juices by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction; Inorganic arsenic; Speciation; Fruit juice; Hydride generation; Atomic fluorescence spectrometry ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; ABSORPTION-SPECTROMETRY; WATER SAMPLES; CHROMATOGRAPHY; EXTRACTION; QUANTIFICATION; AS(III); FOOD AB A sensitive method was developed to speciate and quantify As-III and As-V in fruit juices. At pH 3.0, As-III and ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (AFDC) formed a complex, which was extracted into CCl4 by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and subsequently quantified by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS). After As-V was reduced by thiosulphate at pH 1.7-1.8, total inorganic arsenic (iAs) was determined following the same protocol and As-V was calculated from the difference. Interference from methylarsonic acid (MMA) was managed at <10% by controlling the pH of the reduction reaction. This procedure achieved 1.2 mu g L-1 limit of detection (30) and 92-102% recovery at 10 mu g L-1, and is applicable to most fruit juices except certain pear juice that may contain considerable MMA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lai, Guoxin] Meizhouwan Vocat Technol Coll, Dept Chem Engn, Putian 351254, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Chen, Guoying] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Chen, Tuanwei] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Food Sci, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. RP Chen, GY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM guoying.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Chen, Guoying/C-6800-2015 OI Chen, Guoying/0000-0001-9532-0696 FU Training Program of Fujian Excellent Talents in Universities (FETU), Fujian, China FX Bun-hong Lai is acknowledged for technical assistance. Guoxin Lai is grateful for the financial support from the Training Program of Fujian Excellent Talents in Universities (FETU), Fujian, China. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 103 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 190 BP 158 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.052 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CS2SU UT WOS:000361922800023 PM 26212955 ER PT J AU Beaulieu, JC Stein-Chisholm, RE AF Beaulieu, John C. Stein-Chisholm, R. E. TI HS-GC-MS volatile compounds recovered in freshly pressed 'Wonderful' cultivar and commercial pomegranate juices SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Aroma; Flavor; Gas chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Punica granatum; Solid phase microextraction; Tenax ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE GBL; SENSORY PROPERTIES; AROMA COMPOUNDS; QUALITY; FRUIT; WINE; IDENTIFICATION; ADULTERATION; CANTALOUPE AB Consumption and production of superfruits has been increasing. Highly colored fruits often have bitter and astringent components that may make them undesirable, especially when processed. Many pomegranate volatile reports involved commercial samples, complicated isolation methods, or blending and concentrating that were from arils only, cultivars other than 'Wonderful', or mixed cultivars. Solid phase microextraction (SPME), polydimethylsiloxane stir bar sorptive extraction, and Tenax adsorption were performed with freshly pressed 'Wonderful' juices, commercial juices and concentrates. Using SPME, 36 compounds were isolated in whole pressed 'Wonderful' juices, including 18 of the 21 consensus compounds. In arils-only juices, 41 compounds were isolated by SPME, including 17 of the consensus volatiles. Dramatic variation existed in volatiles recovered in commercial juices and isolation of consensus compounds was sporadic. This article and summary of the literature serves to possibly deliver an improved volatile data set via a rapid method for fresh and partially processed (pressed) pomegranates. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Beaulieu, John C.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Food Proc & Sensory Qual, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Stein-Chisholm, R. E.] Act Organ, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. RP Beaulieu, JC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Food Proc & Sensory Qual, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM John.Beaulieu@ars.usda.gov OI Beaulieu, John/0000-0001-7767-5901 NR 39 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 190 BP 643 EP 656 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.005 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CS2SU UT WOS:000361922800090 PM 26213022 ER PT J AU Daggupati, P Yen, H White, MJ Srinivasan, R Arnold, JG Keitzer, CS Sowa, SP AF Daggupati, Prasad Yen, Haw White, Michael J. Srinivasan, Raghavan Arnold, Jeffrey G. Keitzer, Conor S. Sowa, Scott P. TI Impact of model development, calibration and validation decisions on hydrological simulations in West Lake Erie Basin SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE intra-watershed processes; spatial calibration; spatial and temporal scale parameter transfer; SWAT; NHD plus model ID WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; SWAT MODEL; MULTISITE CALIBRATION; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; UNGAUGED CATCHMENTS; RIVER-BASIN; INPUT DATA; REGIONALIZATION; YIELD; SCALE AB Watershed simulationmodels are used extensively to investigate hydrologic processes, landuse and climate change impacts, pollutant load assessments and best management practices (BMPs). Developing, calibrating and validating these models require a number of critical decisions that will influence the ability of the model to represent real world conditions. Understanding how these decisions influence model performance is crucial, especially when making science-based policy decisions. This study used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in West Lake Erie Basin (WLEB) to examine the influence of several of these decisions on hydrological processes and streamflow simulations. Specifically, this study addressed the following objectives (1) demonstrate the importance of considering intra-watershed processes during model development, (2) compare and evaluated spatial calibration versus calibration at outlet and (3) evaluate parameter transfers across temporal and spatial scales. Acoarser resolution (HUC-12) model and a finer resolution model (NHDPlus model) were used to support the objectives. Results showed that knowledge of watershed characteristics and intra-watershed processes are critical to produced accurate and realistic hydrologic simulations. The spatial calibration strategy produced better results compared to outlet calibration strategy and provided more confidence. Transferring parameter values across spatial scales (i.e. from coarser resolution model to finer resolution model) needs additional fine tuning to produce realistic results. Transferring parameters across temporal scales (i.e. from monthly to yearly and daily time-steps) performed well with a similar spatial resolution model. Furthermore, this study shows that relying solely on quantitative statistics without considering additional information can produce good but unrealistic simulations. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Daggupati, Prasad; Srinivasan, Raghavan] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, Suite 221,1500 Res Plaza, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Yen, Haw] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76504 USA. [Yen, Haw; White, Michael J.; Arnold, Jeffrey G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Keitzer, Conor S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Aquat Ecol Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Sowa, Scott P.] Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Off, Lansing, MI 48906 USA. RP Daggupati, P (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, Suite 221,1500 Res Plaza, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM pdaggupati@tamu.edu RI Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009; Daggupati, Prasad/D-8886-2017 OI Daggupati, Prasad/0000-0002-7044-3435 FU USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service FX We would like to thank the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service for funding this work through the Wildlife and Cropland components of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). We particularly want to thank Charlie Rewa for his unwavering support of this project through the Wildlife Component CEAP. This study represents a component of the much broader Western Lakes Erie Basin (WLEB) CEAP effort, and we would like to thank the project team for their contributions: Gust Annis, Kim Hall, Matt Herbert, August Froehlich, Stu Ludsin, Lee Norfleet, Maura O'Brien, Jeff Reuter, Anthony Sasson, Bill Stanley, Mari-Vaughn Johnson, Carrie Vollmer-Sanders and Chris Winslow. Finally, we would like to thank our WLEB CEAP Advisory Panel members that have provided critical input, review and data needed to successfully complete this project: Vicki Anderson, Jeff Ankney, Larry Antosch, Dave Baker, Steve Davis, Jane Frankenberger, Gail Hesse, Kevin King, Mary Knapp, Melinda Koslow, Ken Krieger, Greg LaBarge, Kip Miller, Dale Robertson and Steve Shine. NR 58 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD DEC 30 PY 2015 VL 29 IS 26 BP 5307 EP 5320 DI 10.1002/hyp.10536 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA DB1OO UT WOS:000368278100001 ER PT J AU Safeeq, M Grant, GE Lewis, SL Staab, B AF Safeeq, Mohammad Grant, Gordon E. Lewis, Sarah L. Staab, Brian TI Predicting landscape sensitivity to present and future floods in the Pacific Northwest, USA SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE Pacific Northwest; floods; hydrologic extremes; peak flow; rain-on-snow; climate change; principal component analysis ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; RAIN-ON-SNOW; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ATMOSPHERIC RIVERS; CENTRAL APPALACHIANS; HABITAT RESTORATION; COLUMBIA BASIN; CHANGE IMPACT; OREGON; TRENDS AB Floods are the most frequent natural disaster, causing more loss of life and property than any other in the USA. Floods also strongly influence the structure and function of watersheds, stream channels, and aquatic ecosystems. The Pacific Northwest is particularly vulnerable to climatically driven changes in flood frequency and magnitude, because snowpacks that strongly influence flood generation are near the freezing point and thus sensitive to small changes in temperature. To improve predictions of future flooding potential and inform strategies to adapt to these changes, we mapped the sensitivity of landscapes to changes in peak flows due to climate warming across Oregon and Washington. We first developed principal component- based models for predicting peak flows across a range of recurrence intervals (2-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100- years) based on historical instantaneous peak flow data from 1000 gauged watersheds in Oregon and Washington. Key predictors of peak flows included drainage area and principal component scores for climate, land cover, soil, and topographic metrics. We then used these regression models to predict future peak flows by perturbing the climate variables based on future climate projections (2020s, 2040s, and 2080s) for the A1B emission scenario. For each recurrence interval, peak flow sensitivities were computed as the ratio of future to current peak flow magnitudes. Our analysis suggests that temperature- induced changes in snowpack dynamics will result in large (>30-40%) increases in peak flow magnitude in some areas, principally the Cascades, Olympics, and Blue Mountains and parts of the western edge of the Rocky Mountains. Flood generation processes in lower elevation areas are less likely to be affected, but some of these areas may be impacted by floodwaters from upstream. These results can assist land, water, and infrastructure managers in identifying watersheds and resources that are particularly vulnerable to increased peak flows and developing plans to increase their resilience. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Safeeq, Mohammad; Grant, Gordon E.; Lewis, Sarah L.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Grant, Gordon E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Staab, Brian] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Reg, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Safeeq, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, Sierra Nevada Res Inst, 5200 N Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM msafeeq@ucmerced.edu FU Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board; Bureau of Land Management (Oregon); USDA Forest Service Region 6; Pacific Northwest Research Station FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Rachel LovellFord, Hydrologist at the Oregon Water Resources Department, for providing the digital watershed boundary data and Ivan Arismendi, Assistant Professor Senior Researcher at the Oregon State University, for providing insights on principal component analysis. They acknowledge funding support from the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board, the Bureau of Land Management (Oregon) and the USDA Forest Service Region 6 and Pacific Northwest Research Station. NR 80 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 18 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD DEC 30 PY 2015 VL 29 IS 26 BP 5337 EP 5353 DI 10.1002/hyp.10553 PG 17 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA DB1OO UT WOS:000368278100003 ER PT J AU Daly, ER Fox, GA Enlow, HK Storm, DE Hunt, SL AF Daly, E. R. Fox, G. A. Enlow, H. K. Storm, D. E. Hunt, S. L. TI Site-scale variability of streambank fluvial erodibility parameters as measured with a jet erosion test SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE cohesive soil erosion; erodibility; excess shear stress equation; sample size; soil variability; streambank erosion ID EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; CRITICAL SHEAR-STRESS; BANK EROSION; COMPOSITE STREAMBANKS; SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA; SURFACE ERODIBILITY; SOIL ERODIBILITY; EARTHEN CHANNELS; SEDIMENT; SCOUR AB The erosion rate of cohesive streambanks is typically modelled using the excess shear stress equation, dependent on two erodibility parameters: critical shear stress and erodibility coefficient. The jet erosion test (JET) has become the most common method for estimating these erodibility parameters in situ. Typically, results from a few JETs are averaged to acquire a single set of parameters for characterizing a streambank layer; however, this may be inadequate for accurately characterizing erodibility. The research objectives were to investigate the variability of JET results from assumed homogeneous streambank layers and to estimate the number of JETs required to accurately characterize erodibility for use in predictive models. On three unique streambanks in Oklahoma and across a range of erodibility, 20 to 30 JETs were conducted over a span of three days at each site. Unique to this research, each JET was analysed using the Blaisdell, scour depth and iterative solutions. The required sample size to accurately estimate the erodibility parameters depended on the JET solution technique, the parameter being estimated, and the degrees of precision and confidence. Conducting three to five JETs per soil layer on a streambank typically provided an order of magnitude estimate of the erodibility parameters. Because the parameters were log-normally distributed, using empirical equations to predict erosion properties based on soil characteristics will likely contain high uncertainty and thus should be used with caution. This study exemplifies the need to conduct in situ measurements using the JET to accurately characterize streambank resistance to fluvial erosion. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Daly, E. R.] Abraham Baldwin Agr Coll, Engn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Fox, G. A.; Enlow, H. K.; Storm, D. E.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hunt, S. L.] USDA ARS, Hydraul Engn Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. RP Fox, GA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, 120 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM garey.fox@okstate.edu FU Buchanan Family Trust through the Buchanan Endowed Chair at Oklahoma State University; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2013-51130-21484]; US EPA FY 319(h) Special Project [C9-00F56701] FX Data used in this project is available upon request from the author. The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Buchanan Family Trust through the Buchanan Endowed Chair at Oklahoma State University. This project was also supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2013-51130-21484 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and through a US EPA FY 2012 319(h) Special Project #C9-00F56701. NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD DEC 30 PY 2015 VL 29 IS 26 BP 5451 EP 5464 DI 10.1002/hyp.10547 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA DB1OO UT WOS:000368278100011 ER PT J AU Lupton, SJ Dearfield, KL Johnston, JJ Wagner, S Huwe, JK AF Lupton, Sara J. Dearfield, Kerry L. Johnston, John J. Wagner, Sarah Huwe, Janice K. TI Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Plasma Half-Life Determination and Long-Term Tissue Distribution in Beef Cattle (Bos taurus) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE polluorooctane sulfonate; PFOS; plasma; half-life; beef cattle; residue; food safety ID PERFLUOROALKYL ACIDS; PFOS; FOOD; BIOSOLIDS; TOXICITY; MEAT AB Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is used in consumer products as a surfactant and is found in industrial and consumer waste, which ends up in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). PFOS does not breakdown during WWTP processes and accumulates in the biosolids. Common practices include application of biosolids to pastures and croplands used for feed, and as a result, animals such as beef cattle are exposed to PFOS. To determine plasma and tissue depletion kinetics in cattle, 2 steers and 4 heifers were dosed with PFOS at 0.098 mg/kg body weight and 9.1 mg/kg, respectively. Plasma depletion half-lives for steers and heifers were 120 +/- 4.1 and 106 +/- 23.1 days, respectively. Specific tissue depletion half-lives ranged from 36 to 385 days for intraperitoneal fat, back fat, muscle, liver, bone, and kidney. These data indicate that PFOS in beef cattle has a sufficiently long depletion half-life to permit accumulation in edible tissues. C1 [Lupton, Sara J.; Huwe, Janice K.] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Dearfield, Kerry L.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Johnston, John J.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Wagner, Sarah] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Vet Technol, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Lupton, SJ (reprint author), ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM sara.lupton@ars.usda.gov OI Lupton, Sara/0000-0002-4566-595X NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 30 PY 2015 VL 63 IS 51 BP 10988 EP 10994 DI 10.1021/acs.jafc5b04565 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA DA2OR UT WOS:000367636200012 PM 26684745 ER PT J AU Ferrara, TFD Schneider, VK Kishi, LT Carmona, AK Alves, MFM Belasque, J Rosa, JC Hunter, WB Henrique-Silva, F Soares-Costa, A AF da Silva Ferrara, Taise Fernanda Schneider, Vanessa Karine Kishi, Luciano Takeshi Carmona, Adriana Karaoglanovic Madureira Alves, Marcio Fernando Belasque-Junior, Jose Rosa, Jose Cesar Hunter, Wayne Brian Henrique-Silva, Flavio Soares-Costa, Andrea TI Characterization of a Recombinant Cathepsin B-Like Cysteine Peptidase from Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae): A Putative Target for Control of Citrus Huanglongbing SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATUS-LIBERIBACTER-ASIATICUS; L-LIKE PROTEINASES; SAO-PAULO-STATE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GREENING DISEASE; 1ST REPORT; RHODNIUS-PROLIXUS; BOMBYX-MORI; IN-VITRO; FAT-BODY AB Huanglonbing (HLB) is one of the most destructive disease affecting citrus plants. The causal agent is associated with the phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) and the psyllid Diaphorina citri, vector of disease, that transmits the bacterium associated with HLB. The control of disease can be achieved by suppressing either the bacterium or the vector. Among the control strategies for HLB disease, one of the widely used consists in controlling the enzymes of the disease vector, Diaphorina citri. The insect Diaphorina citri belongs to the order Hemiptera, which frequently have cysteine peptidases in the gut. The importance of this class of enzymes led us to search for enzymes in the D. citri transcriptome for the establishment of alternatives strategies for HLB control. In this study, we reported the identification and characterization of a cathepsin B-like cysteine peptidase from D. citri (DCcathB). DCcathB was recombinantly expressed in Pichia pastoris, presenting a molecular mass of approximately 50 kDa. The enzyme hydrolyzed the fluorogenic substrate Z-F-R-AMC (K-m = 23.5 mu M) and the selective substrate for cathepsin B,Z-R-R-AMC (K-m = 6.13 mu M). The recombinant enzyme was inhibited by the cysteine protease inhibitors E64 (IC50 = 0.014 mu M) and CaneCPI-4 (Ki = 0.05 nM) and by the selective cathepsin B inhibitor CA-074 (IC50 = 0.095 nM). RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the expression of the DCcathB in nymph and adult was approximately 9-fold greater than in egg. Moreover, the expression of this enzyme in the gut was 175-fold and 3333-fold higher than in the remaining tissues and in the head, respectively, suggesting that DCcathB can be a target for HLB control. C1 [da Silva Ferrara, Taise Fernanda; Schneider, Vanessa Karine; Kishi, Luciano Takeshi; Henrique-Silva, Flavio; Soares-Costa, Andrea] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolut, Mol Biol Lab, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Carmona, Adriana Karaoglanovic; Madureira Alves, Marcio Fernando] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Biophys, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Belasque-Junior, Jose] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Phytopathol & Nematol, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Rosa, Jose Cesar] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Hunter, Wayne Brian] Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Prot Chem Ctr, BR-14049 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. [Hunter, Wayne Brian] Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol & Pathogen Bioagents, BR-14049 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. RP Soares-Costa, A (reprint author), Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolut, Mol Biol Lab, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. EM andreasc@ufscar.br RI Rosa, Jose /A-1966-2013; Carmona, Adriana/D-2240-2012 FU Brazilian fostering agencies Fapesp [2012124278-5]; Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura; Capes; Fapesp FX Research was supported by the Brazilian fostering agencies Fapesp (Proc. 2012124278-5) and Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura. T.F.S.F. received a grant from Capes, V.K.S. received a grant from Fapesp. NR 91 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 30 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0145132 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0145132 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA0TN UT WOS:000367510500021 PM 26717484 ER PT J AU Royo-Esnal, A Gesch, RW Forcella, F Torra, J Recasens, J Necajeva, J AF Royo-Esnal, Aritz Gesch, Russell W. Forcella, Frank Torra, Joel Recasens, Jordi Necajeva, Jevgenija TI The Role of Light in the Emergence of Weeds: Using Camelina microcarpa as an Example SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL-CONTROL; SEEDLING EMERGENCE; DORMANCY; GERMINATION; DEPTH; MODEL; SEEDS; SOIL AB When modelling the emergence of weeds, two main factors are considered that condition this process: temperature and soil moisture. Optimum temperature is necessary for metabolic processes that generate energy for growth, while turgor pressure is necessary for root and shoot elongation which eventually leads to seedling emergence from the soil. Most emergence models do not usually consider light as a residual factor, but it could have an important role as it can alter directly or indirectly the dormancy and germination of seeds. In this paper, inclusion of light as an additional factor to photoperiod and radiation in emergence models is explored and compared with the classical hydrothermal time (HTT) model using Camelina microcarpa as an example. HTT based on hourly estimates is also compared with that based on daily estimates. Results suggest that, although HTT based models are accurate enough for local applications, the precision of these models is improved when HTT is estimated hourly and solar radiation is included as a factor. C1 [Royo-Esnal, Aritz; Torra, Joel; Recasens, Jordi] Univ Lleida, Agrotecnio, Dept Hortofruticultura Bot & Jardineria, Lleida 25198, Spain. [Necajeva, Jevgenija] Univ Latvia, Dept Plant Physiol, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia. [Gesch, Russell W.; Forcella, Frank] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Royo-Esnal, A (reprint author), Univ Lleida, Agrotecnio, Dept Hortofruticultura Bot & Jardineria, Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, Lleida 25198, Spain. EM aritz@hbj.udl.cat RI Recasens, Jordi/B-3970-2011; Royo-Esnal, Aritz/B-4174-2011; Torra, Joel/B-3959-2011 OI Recasens, Jordi/0000-0002-8799-9958; Royo-Esnal, Aritz/0000-0003-2534-8372; Torra, Joel/0000-0002-8666-6780 FU Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia de Espana [AGL2010-22084-C02-01] FX This work was supported by the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia de Espana (AGL2010-22084-C02-01). NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 29 U2 40 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 30 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0146079 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0146079 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA0TN UT WOS:000367510500133 PM 26717481 ER PT J AU Whitacre, LK Tizioto, PC Kim, J Sonstegard, TS Schroeder, SG Alexander, LJ Medrano, JF Schnabel, RD Taylor, JF Decker, JE AF Whitacre, Lynsey K. Tizioto, Polyana C. Kim, JaeWoo Sonstegard, Tad S. Schroeder, Steven G. Alexander, Leeson J. Medrano, Juan F. Schnabel, Robert D. Taylor, Jeremy F. Decker, Jared E. TI What's in your next-generation sequence data? An exploration of unmapped DNA and RNA sequence reads from the bovine reference individual SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE DNA sequencing; RNA sequencing; Unmapped reads ID HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER; ONCHOCERCA-VOLVULUS; FILARIAL NEMATODES; GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITISM; NONHUMAN SEQUENCES; BABESIA-BOVIS; CATTLE; PHYLOGENY; SYSTEMATICS; PREVALENCE AB Background: Next-generation sequencing projects commonly commence by aligning reads to a reference genome assembly. While improvements in alignment algorithms and computational hardware have greatly enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of alignments, a significant percentage of reads often remain unmapped. Results: We generated de novo assemblies of unmapped reads from the DNA and RNA sequencing of the Bos taurus reference individual and identified the closest matching sequence to each contig by alignment to the NCBI non-redundant nucleotide database using BLAST. As expected, many of these contigs represent vertebrate sequence that is absent, incomplete, or misassembled in the UMD3.1 reference assembly. However, numerous additional contigs represent invertebrate species. Most prominent were several species of Spirurid nematodes and a blood-borne parasite, Babesia bigemina. These species are either not present in the US or are not known to infect taurine cattle and the reference animal appears to have been host to unsequenced sister species. Conclusions: We demonstrate the importance of exploring unmapped reads to ascertain sequences that are either absent or misassembled in the reference assembly and for detecting sequences indicative of parasitic or commensal organisms. C1 [Whitacre, Lynsey K.; Schnabel, Robert D.; Decker, Jared E.] Univ Missouri, Informat Inst, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Whitacre, Lynsey K.; Tizioto, Polyana C.; Kim, JaeWoo; Schnabel, Robert D.; Taylor, Jeremy F.; Decker, Jared E.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Tizioto, Polyana C.] Embrapa Southeast Livestock, BR-13560970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Sonstegard, Tad S.; Schroeder, Steven G.] ARS, Anim Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sonstegard, Tad S.] Recombinetics Inc, St Paul, MN 55104 USA. [Alexander, Leeson J.] ARS, USDA, LARRL, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Medrano, Juan F.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Taylor, JF (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM taylorjerr@missouri.edu; DeckerJE@missouri.edu OI Decker, Jared/0000-0001-5685-7343; Schroeder, Steven/0000-0001-9103-5150 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68004-30214, 2011-68004-30367, 2012-67012-19743, 2013-68004-20364, 2015-67015-23183, MO-HAAS0027, MO-MSAS0014] FX Funding for this study was provided in part from the bovine species coordinators of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture supported NRSP-8 National Animal Genome Research Support Program and National Research Initiative Competitive Grants numbers 2011-68004-30214, 2011-68004-30367, 2012-67012-19743, 2013-68004-20364, 2015-67015-23183, MO-HAAS0027, and MO-MSAS0014 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The authors appreciate the contributions of the Beijing Genomics Institute in generating whole genome and tissue transcriptome sequence from the bovine reference animal. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 29 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 1114 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-2313-7 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA DM1GK UT WOS:000376093200009 PM 26714747 ER PT J AU Pan, YP Bo, KL Cheng, ZH Weng, YQ AF Pan, Yupeng Bo, Kailiang Cheng, Zhihui Weng, Yiqun TI The loss-of-function GLABROUS 3 mutation in cucumber is due to LTR-retrotransposon insertion in a class IV HD-ZIP transcription factor gene CsGL3 that is epistatic over CsGL1 SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cucumber; Cucumis sativus; Trichome development; Homeodomain leucine zipper protein; HD-ZIP; Map-based cloning; LTR retrotransposon ID MULTICELLULAR TRICHOME DEVELOPMENT; EPIDERMAL-CELL DIFFERENTIATION; POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE; SATIVUS L.; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; EXPRESSION PATTERNS; HOMEOBOX GENES; RECESSIVE GENE; ARABIDOPSIS; GENOME AB Background: Trichomes, developed from the protodermal cells (the outermost cell layer of the embryo), are hair-like structures covering the aerial parts of plants. The genetic network regulating trichome development has been extensively studied and well understood in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, which bears unicellular, non-glandular and branched trichomes. However, little is known about the genetic and molecular basis of organogenesis of multi-cellular trichomes in plant species like cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), which are likely different from Arabidopsis. Results: We identified a new trichome mutant in cucumber which exhibited a completely glabrous phenotype on all aerial organs. Genetic analysis indicated that the glabrous phenotype was inherited as a single recessive gene, csgl3. Fine genetic mapping delimited the csgl3 locus into a 68.4 kb region with 12 predicted genes. Genetic analysis, sequence alignment and allelic variation survey in natural populations identified Csa6G514870 encoding a class IV homeodomain-associated leucine zipper (HD-ZIP) transcription factor as the only candidate for CsGL3, which was 5188 bp in length with 10 predicted exons. Gene expression analysis revealed the loss-of-function of CsGL3 in the mutant due to the insertion of a 5-kb long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon in the 4th exon of CsGL3. Linkage analysis in a segregating population and gene expression analysis of the CsGL1 and CsGL3 genes in csgl1, csgl3, and csgl1 + 3 genetic backgrounds uncovered interactions between the two genes. Phylogenetic analysis among 28 class IV HD-ZIP protein sequences from five species placed cucumber CsGL3 into the same clade with 7 other members that play important roles in trichome initiation. Conclusions: The new glabrous mutation in cucumber was controlled by a single recessive locus csgl3, which was phenotypically and genetically distinct from two previously reported glabrous mutants csgl1 and csgl2. The glabrous phenotype in csgl3 was due to insertion of an autonomous, active, class I transposable element in CsGL3, a class IV HD-ZIP transcription factor. CsGL3 was epistatic to CsGL1. CsGL3 seemed to play important roles in cucumber trichome initiation whereas CsGL1 may act downstream in the trichome development pathway(s). Findings from the present study provide new insights into genetic control of trichome development in cucumber. C1 [Pan, Yupeng; Bo, Kailiang; Weng, Yiqun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Pan, Yupeng; Cheng, Zhihui] Northwest A&F Univ, Hort Coll, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Weng, Yiqun] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Weng, YQ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM yiqun.weng@ars.usda.gov FU China Scholarship Council; US Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System Project [3655-21000-048-00D]; US Department of Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant [2011-51181-30661] FX The authors thank Kristin Haider for technical help and language editing, Dr. Zheng Li for helpful discussion during the experiments, and Dr. Junsong Pan for providing seeds for the CsGL1 mutant. YP's research was partly sponsored by the China Scholarship Council. This research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System Project 3655-21000-048-00D and a US Department of Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant (project number 2011-51181-30661) to Y.W. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 23 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD DEC 29 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 302 DI 10.1186/s12870-015-0693-0 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CZ6SE UT WOS:000367230200003 PM 26714637 ER PT J AU Tako, E Hoekenga, OA Kochian, LV Glahn, RP AF Tako, Elad Hoekenga, Owen A. Kochian, Leon V. Glahn, Raymond P. TI High bioavailablilty iron maize (Zea mays L.) developed through molecular breeding provides more absorbable iron in vitro (Caco-2 model) and in vivo (Gallus gallus) (Retraction of vol 12, 3, 2013) SO NUTRITION JOURNAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Tako, Elad; Hoekenga, Owen A.; Kochian, Leon V.; Glahn, Raymond P.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Tako, E (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, 538 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM et79@cornell.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2891 J9 NUTR J JI Nutr. J. PD DEC 29 PY 2015 VL 14 AR 126 DI 10.1186/s12937-015-0109-x PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CZ6NM UT WOS:000367218000001 ER PT J AU Beam, A Goede, D Fox, A McCool, MJ Wall, G Haley, C Morrison, R AF Beam, Andrea Goede, Dane Fox, Andrew McCool, Mary Jane Wall, Goldlin Haley, Charles Morrison, Robert TI A Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Outbreak in One Geographic Region of the United States: Descriptive Epidemiology and Investigation of the Possibility of Airborne Virus Spread SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB This study describes a spring 2013 outbreak of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDv), using data from 222 swine sites in 14 counties area in 4 contiguous states in the United States. During the outbreak, the premises-level incidence of PEDv was 40.5 percent (90/222 sites). One of the three companies from which data were collected had a lower incidence (19.5 percent) than the other two companies (41.1 and 47.2 percent). Sow sites had the highest incidence of PEDv during the outbreak (80.0 percent). Spatial analysis showed that PEDv was clustered rather than randomly distributed, which suggested that sites near a positive site had increased risk of acquiring PEDv infection. Meteorological data were used to investigate the hypothesis that PEDv was spread by air. If airborne dissemination played a role in this outbreak, we would expect the direction of disease spread to correlate with the predominant wind direction. Two methods were used to determine the direction of disease spread-linear direction mean analysis in ArcGIS and the direction test in Cluster-Seer. The former method indicated PEDv spread was south to slightly southwest, and the latter indicated spread was to the southeast. The predominant wind direction during the month of the outbreak was toward the south, with some southeast and southwest winds; the strongest wind gusts were toward the southwest. These findings support the hypothesis that PEDv was spread by air. The results, however, should be interpreted cautiously because we did not have information on direct and indirect contacts between sites, such as movement of trucks, feed, pigs or people. These types of contacts should be evaluated before pathogen spread is attributed to airborne mechanisms. Although this study did not provide a definitive assessment of airborne spread of PEDv, we believe the findings justify additional research to investigate this potential mechanism of transmission. C1 [Beam, Andrea; Fox, Andrew; McCool, Mary Jane; Wall, Goldlin; Haley, Charles] USDA Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv Sci Technol & Anal Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Perrine, FL USA. [Goede, Dane; Morrison, Robert] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Haley, C (reprint author), USDA Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Plant Protect & Quarantine, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Perrine, FL USA. EM charles.a.haley@aphis.usda.gov FU National Pork Board FX This study was conducted in part with funding from National Pork Board. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We thank the three swine companies for sharing their data. This study was conducted in part with funding from National Pork Board. We are indebted to Peter Davies, Paul Sundberg, Harry Snelson, and Brian McCluskey for their participation in planning the study. We are also grateful to Andres Perez for his guidance in using ClusterSeer. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 28 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0144818 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0144818 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ9XO UT WOS:000367451400013 PM 26709512 ER PT J AU Bernier, UR Gorman, P Clark, GG Elman, N AF Bernier, Ulrich R. Gorman, Pablo Clark, Gary G. Elman, Noel TI Functional Micro-Dispensers based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) integrated with fabrics as functional materials to protect humans from mosquito feeding SO JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE LA English DT Article DE Bio-micro-electro-mechanical systems (BioMEMS); Functional materials; Human trials; Vector-borne diseases ID DRUG-DELIVERY; MUCOSAL CELLS; DEET; TRANSFLUTHRIN; MICRODEVICES AB Functional Micro-Dispensers (FMDs) based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) were designed to deliver spatial repellents that reduce the ability of mosquitoes to feed on humans. FMDs were integrated with fabrics as functional materials for protection against mosquito bites. The use of MEMS devices provides an unprecedented control over the release kinetics by means of integration with electronics for selective and timely activation of each device to perform controlled release of pesticides in air. In addition, because MEMS manufacturing techniques evolved from the microelectronic industry, FMDs can be mass produced at very low cost. Trials using FMDs that contained transfluthrin improved protection against mosquito feeding in human subjects above that of permethrin-treated uniform fabric worn on the arm of the volunteer. The overall reduction in feeding was approximately 90% compared to the untreated fabric control, and about 50% reduction compared to the permethrin-treated fabric control. The devices were efficacious over course of 32 days. FMDs have the potential for a simple and cost-effective implementation for mass adoption as wearable devices integrated in fabrics as active functional materials. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bernier, Ulrich R.; Clark, Gary G.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Gorman, Pablo] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [Elman, Noel] MIT, Inst Soldier Nanotechnol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Elman, N (reprint author), MIT, Inst Soldier Nanotechnol, 500 Technol Sq,NE47-525, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM nelman@mit.edu FU Department of Defense Deployed Warfighter Protection Program [W911QY-12-1-0005] FX This study was conducted with human volunteers and the procedures followed those approved by the University of Florida Institutional Review Board (IRB-01, study protocol number 69-2006). This studied is reviewed annually. The participant provided written informed consent for his participation. This research work was partially supported by the following organization: Department of Defense Deployed Warfighter Protection Program (contract: W911QY-12-1-0005). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-3659 EI 1873-4995 J9 J CONTROL RELEASE JI J. Control. Release PD DEC 28 PY 2015 VL 220 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.049 PN A PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA CY0TN UT WOS:000366119100001 PM 26415856 ER PT J AU Rong, YP Ma, L Johnson, DA Yuan, F AF Rong, Yuping Ma, Lei Johnson, Douglas A. Yuan, Fei TI Soil respiration patterns for four major land-use types of the agro-pastoral region of northern China SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Cropland; Grazing steppe; Perennial pasture; Soil water content; Soil temperature ID CARBON-DIOXIDE FLUXES; ECOSYSTEM RESPIRATION; PRECIPITATION PULSES; SEMIARID GRASSLANDS; CO2 CONCENTRATIONS; INNER-MONGOLIA; NITROUS-OXIDE; FOREST-FLOOR; MANAGEMENT; TEMPERATURE AB Land-use types and management practices are critical factors that affect soil CO2 efflux (R-s). In the agropastoral area of northern China, land-use types have changed considerably during the last 60 years due to changes in the social-economic status of the.human population and associated changes in land-use needs. Only a few studies have examined& in this region of China, and these studies have mainly focused on grazing intensity effects on R-s rather than comparisons among land-use types. The aim of this study was to evaluate annual variation of R-s for the dominant land-use types in the agro-pastoral region of northern China, including ungrazed grassland (UG), moderately grazed grassland (MG), perennial pasture (PP), and cropland (CL). Measurements of R, were obtained throughout the year for these four land-use types using a mobile greenhouse gas analyzer. Values of R-s from the four land-use types for the growing season, non-growing season, and across the entire year were in the order PP > CL > UG > MG. Annual values of R, in PP and CL were 1.6- and 1.1-fold greater, respectively, than that for UG, while R-s in MG was 94% of UG. Daily mean soil temperature (Ts) was the main factor that controlled R-s and explained 52-71% of the variability in daily R. Monthly mean temperature and precipitation explained 67-87% of the variability in monthly cumulative R. Annual R-s for all land-use types averaged 1.9 kg C m(-2) yr(-1) (range: 1.6-2.5) with about 94% of annual R-s occurring during the growing season. No pulses of R-s were observed during the autumn and spring freeze-thaw period, probably because of the large snow accumulation, which minimized R-s during these two periods. These results showed that land-use types exhibit different R-s that were associated with differences in temperature and precipitation. Results also suggest that conversion of UG or MG to CL and PP will likely increase R. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rong, Yuping; Ma, Lei] China Agr Univ, Dept Grassland Sci, Anim Sci & Technol Coll, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Johnson, Douglas A.] Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Yuan, Fei] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Coll Nat Sci & Math, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Rong, YP (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Grassland Sci, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM rongyuping@cau.edu.cn; doug.johnson@ars.usda.gov FU State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China [2014CB138805]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31472136] FX This work was funded by the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (2014CB138805) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31472136). We gratefully acknowledge the National Field Research Station of Grassland Science at Guyuan County in China for providing excellent technical assistance. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 15 U2 160 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD DEC 25 PY 2015 VL 213 BP 142 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2015.08.002 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CS5TL UT WOS:000362141100015 ER PT J AU Raz-Yaseef, N Billesbach, DP Fischer, ML Biraud, SC Gunter, SA Bradford, JA Torn, MS AF Raz-Yaseef, Naama Billesbach, Dave P. Fischer, Marc L. Biraud, Sebastien C. Gunter, Stacey A. Bradford, James A. Torn, Margaret S. TI Vulnerability of crops and native grasses to summer drying in the US Southern Great Plains SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; Drought; Southern Great Plains; Wheat; Switchgrass; Prairie; NEE; GPP; Evapotranspiration ID UNITED-STATES; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; SPRING DROUGHT; CARBON FLUXES; NET ECOSYSTEM; EXCHANGE; PRECIPITATION; GRASSLAND; CO2 AB The Southern Great Plains are characterized by a fine-scale mixture of different land-cover types, predominantly winter-wheat and grazed pasture, with relatively small areas of other crops, native prairie, and switchgrass. Recent droughts and predictions of increased drought in the Southern Great Plains, especially during the summer months, raise concern for these ecosystems. We measured ecosystem carbon and water fluxes with eddy-covariance systems over cultivated cropland for 10.years, and over lightly grazed prairie and new switchgrass fields for 2 years each. Growing-season precipitation showed the strongest control over net carbon uptake for all ecosystems, but with a variable effect: grasses (prairie and switchgrass) needed at least 350 mm of precipitation during the growing season to become net carbon sinks, while crops needed only 100 mm. In summer, high temperatures enhanced evaporation and led to higher likelihood of dry soil conditions. Therefore, summer-growing native prairie species and switchgrass experienced more seasonal droughts than spring-growing crops. For wheat, the net reduction in carbon uptake resulted mostly from a decrease in gross primary production rather than an increase in respiration. Flux measurements suggested that management practices for crops were effective in suppressing evapotranspiration and decomposition (by harvesting and removing secondary growth), and in increasing carbon uptake (by fertilizing and conserving summer soil water). In light of future projections for wetter springs and drier and warmer summers in the Southern Great Plains, our study indicates an increased vulnerability in native ecosystems and summer crops over time. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. C1 [Raz-Yaseef, Naama; Biraud, Sebastien C.; Torn, Margaret S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. [Billesbach, Dave P.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Fischer, Marc L.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA USA. [Gunter, Stacey A.; Bradford, James A.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, Miami, FL USA. [Torn, Margaret S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy & Resources Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Raz-Yaseef, N (reprint author), 1 Cyclotron Rd,84R118B, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rynaama@gmail.com RI Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015; Biraud, Sebastien/M-5267-2013; Raz Yaseef, Naama/D-3385-2015 OI Biraud, Sebastien/0000-0001-7697-933X; Raz Yaseef, Naama/0000-0002-7405-1607 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Atmospheric System Research and Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Programs, under Award Number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 70 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD DEC 25 PY 2015 VL 213 BP 209 EP 218 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2015.07.021 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CS5TL UT WOS:000362141100021 ER PT J AU De Antoni -Migliorati, M Parton, WJ Del Gross, SJ Grace, PR Bell, MJ Strazzabosco, A Rowlings, DW Scheer, C Harch, G AF De Antoni -Migliorati, Massimiliano Parton, William J. Del Gross, Stephen J. Grace, Peter R. Bell, Mike J. Strazzabosco, Alice Rowlings, David W. Scheer, Clemens Harch, Gary TI Legumes or nitrification inhibitors to reduce N2O emissions from subtropical cereal cropping systems in Oxisols? SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE DAYCENT; N2O emissions; Nitrification inhibitors; Legumes; Cereal; Subtropical; Oxisols ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; IN-FIELD EXPERIMENTS; 3,4-DIMETHYLPYRAZOLE PHOSPHATE; N FERTILIZATION; GAS EMISSIONS; SOILS; WHEAT; DMPP; AGRICULTURE; YIELD AB The DAYCENT biogeochemical model was used to investigate how the use of fertilizers coated with nitrification inhibitors and the introduction of legumes in the crop rotation can affect subtropical cereal production and N2O emissions. The model was validated using comprehensive multi-seasonal, highfrequency dataset from two field investigations conducted on an Oxisol, which is the most common soil type in subtropical regions. Different N fertilizer rates were tested for each N management strategy and simulated under varying weather conditions. DAYCENT was able to reliably predict soil N dynamics, seasonal N2O emissions and crop production, although some discrepancies were observed in the treatments with low or no added N inputs and in the simulation of daily N2O fluxes. Simulations highlighted that the high clay content and the relatively low C levels of the Oxisol analyzed in this study limit the chances for significant amounts of N to be lost via deep leaching or denitrification. The application of urea coated with a nitrification inhibitor was the most effective strategy to minimize N2O emissions. This strategy however did not increase yields since the nitrification inhibitor did not substantially decrease overall N losses compared to conventional urea. Simulations indicated that replacing part of crop N requirements with N mineralized by legume residues is the most effective strategy to reduce N2O emissions and support cereal productivity. The results of this study show that legumes have significant potential to enhance the sustainable and profitable intensification of subtropical cereal cropping systems in Oxisols. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [De Antoni -Migliorati, Massimiliano; Grace, Peter R.; Strazzabosco, Alice; Rowlings, David W.; Scheer, Clemens] Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Future Environm, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia. [Parton, William J.; Del Gross, Stephen J.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Del Gross, Stephen J.] ARS, Nat Resources Res Ctr, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Bell, Mike J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld 4343, Australia. [Harch, Gary] Dept Agr Fisheries & Forestry, Kingaroy Res Stn, Kingaroy, Qld 4610, Australia. RP De Antoni -Migliorati, M (reprint author), Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Future Environm, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia. EM max.deantonimigliorati@qut.edu.au RI Bell, Michael/A-7741-2011; OI Bell, Michael/0000-0002-3957-2685; De Antoni Migliorati, Massimiliano/0000-0002-5651-5834 FU Australian Department of Agriculture FX The authors wish to thank Rachel Nichols and John Taylor for the chemical analyses, Martin Labadz for the modeling assistance and the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF) for providing the field site, the machinery and the staff for the farming operations. This research was conducted as part of the National Agricultural Nitrous Oxide Research Program (NANORP) funded by the Australian Department of Agriculture and managed by the Grain Research and Development Corporation (GRDC). NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD DEC 25 PY 2015 VL 213 BP 228 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2015.08.010 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CS5TL UT WOS:000362141100023 ER PT J AU Zhang, GY Ren, Y Sun, HH Guo, SG Zhang, F Zhang, J Zhang, HY Jia, ZC Fei, ZJ Xu, Y Li, HZ AF Zhang, Guoyu Ren, Yi Sun, Honghe Guo, Shaogui Zhang, Fan Zhang, Jie Zhang, Haiying Jia, Zhangcai Fei, Zhangjun Xu, Yong Li, Haizhen TI A high-density genetic map for anchoring genome sequences and identifying QTLs associated with dwarf vine in pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE High-density genetic map; Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duch.); Scaffold anchoring; QTL mapping; Dwarf vine ID CUCUMIS-MELO L.; WATERMELON CITRULLUS-LANATUS; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT TRAITS; LINKAGE MAP; GIBBERELLIN 20-OXIDASE; MORPHOLOGICAL MARKERS; MOLECULAR MARKERS; FRUIT-QUALITY; SNP DISCOVERY AB Background: Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) is an economically important crop belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. However, very few genomic and genetic resources are available for this species. As part of our ongoing efforts to sequence the pumpkin genome, high-density genetic map is essential for anchoring and orienting the assembled scaffolds. In addition, a saturated genetic map can facilitate quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. Results: A set of 186 F-2 plants derived from the cross of pumpkin inbred lines Rimu and SQ026 were genotyped using the genotyping-by-sequencing approach. Using the SNPs we identified, a high-density genetic map containing 458 bin-markers was constructed, spanning a total genetic distance of 2,566.8 cM across the 20 linkage groups of C. maxima with a mean marker density of 5.60 cM. Using this map we were able to anchor 58 assembled scaffolds that covered about 194.5 Mb (71.7 %) of the 271.4 Mb assembled pumpkin genome, of which 44 (183.0 Mb; 67.4 %) were oriented. Furthermore, the high-density genetic map was used to identify genomic regions highly associated with an important agronomic trait, dwarf vine. Three QTLs on linkage groups (LGs) 1, 3 and 4, respectively, were recovered. One QTL, qCmB2, which was located in an interval of 0.42 Mb on LG 3, explained 21.4 % phenotypic variations. Within qCmB2, one gene, Cma_004516, encoding the gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase in the GA biosynthesis pathway, had a 1249-bp deletion in its promoter in bush type lines, and its expression level was significantly increased during the vine growth and higher in vine type lines than bush type lines, supporting Cma_004516 as a possible candidate gene controlling vine growth in pumpkin. Conclusions: A high-density pumpkin genetic map was constructed, which was used to successfully anchor and orient the assembled genome scaffolds, and to identify QTLs highly associated with pumpkin vine length. The map provided a valuable resource for gene cloning and marker assisted breeding in pumpkin and other related species. The identified vine length QTLs would help to dissect the underlying molecular basis regulating pumpkin vine growth. C1 [Zhang, Guoyu; Ren, Yi; Sun, Honghe; Guo, Shaogui; Zhang, Fan; Zhang, Jie; Zhang, Haiying; Jia, Zhangcai; Xu, Yong; Li, Haizhen] BAAFS, Beijing Vegetable Res Ctr, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops North, Beijing Key Lab Vegetable Germplasm Improvement,M, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China. [Sun, Honghe; Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), BAAFS, Beijing Vegetable Res Ctr, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops North, Beijing Key Lab Vegetable Germplasm Improvement,M, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China. EM xuyong@nercv.org; lihaizhen@nercv.org FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31101547]; Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences International Cooperation Finance of China [GJHZ2013]; Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Special Technology Innovation Building Finance of China [KJCX20140111-8]; Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201303112]; Twelve-Five Science and Technology [2012BAD02B03, 2012AA100202-3, 2012BAD50G01] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project 31101547), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences International Cooperation Finance of China (GJHZ2013-), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Special Technology Innovation Building Finance of China (KJCX20140111-8), the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303112), and the Twelve-Five Science and Technology Support Program (2012BAD02B03, 2012AA100202-3, 2012BAD50G01). NR 85 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 39 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 1101 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-2312-8 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CZ4GZ UT WOS:000367062800001 PM 26704908 ER PT J AU Pearce, S Vazquez-Gross, H Herin, SY Hane, D Wang, Y Gu, YQ Dubcovsky, J AF Pearce, Stephen Vazquez-Gross, Hans Herin, Sayer Y. Hane, David Wang, Yi Gu, Yong Q. Dubcovsky, Jorge TI WheatExp: an RNA-seq expression database for polyploid wheat SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Expression; Wheat; RNA-seq; Polyploidy; Homoeologue-specific; WheatExp ID GENE-EXPRESSION; ALIGNMENT; TOOL AB Background: For functional genomics studies, it is important to understand the dynamic expression profiles of transcribed genes in different tissues, stages of development and in response to environmental stimuli. The proliferation in the use of next-generation sequencing technologies by the plant research community has led to the accumulation of large volumes of expression data. However, analysis of these datasets is complicated by the frequent occurrence of polyploidy among economically-important crop species. In addition, processing and analyzing such large volumes of sequence data is a technical and time-consuming task, limiting their application in functional genomics studies, particularly for smaller laboratories which lack access to high-powered computing infrastructure. Wheat is a good example of a young polyploid species with three similar genomes (97 % identical among homoeologous genes), rapidly accumulating RNA-seq datasets and a large research community. Description: We present WheatExp, an expression database and visualization tool to analyze and compare homoeologue-specific transcript profiles across a broad range of tissues from different developmental stages in polyploid wheat. Beginning with publicly-available RNA-seq datasets, we developed a pipeline to distinguish between homoeologous transcripts from annotated genes in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. Data from multiple studies is processed and compiled into a database which can be queried either by BLAST or by searching for a known gene of interest by name or functional domain. Expression data of multiple genes can be displayed side-by-side across all expression datasets providing immediate access to a comprehensive panel of expression data for specific subsets of wheat genes. Conclusions: The development of a publicly accessible expression database hosted on the GrainGenes website -http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/WheatExp/-coupled with a simple and readily-comparable visualization tool will empower the wheat research community to use RNA-seq data and to perform functional analyses of target genes. The presented expression data is homoeologue-specific allowing for the analysis of relative contributions from each genome to the overall expression of a gene, a critical consideration for breeding applications. Our approach can be expanded to other polyploid species by adjusting sequence mapping parameters according to the specific divergence of their genomes. C1 [Pearce, Stephen; Vazquez-Gross, Hans; Dubcovsky, Jorge] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Herin, Sayer Y.; Hane, David; Wang, Yi; Gu, Yong Q.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Dubcovsky, Jorge] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. RP Dubcovsky, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jdubcovsky@ucdavis.edu RI Dubcovsky, Jorge/A-4969-2008 OI Dubcovsky, Jorge/0000-0002-7571-4345 FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grants from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67013-30077, 2011-68002-30029]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF3031] FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants 2011-67013-30077 and 2011-68002-30029 (Triticeae-CAP) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GBMF3031. We are grateful to Andy Phillips and Robert King for helpful advice and suggestions during the course of this project. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 299 DI 10.1186/s12870-015-0692-1 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CZ5IM UT WOS:000367136000001 PM 26705106 ER PT J AU Yi, J Zhong, F Zhang, YZ Yokoyama, W Zhao, LQ AF Yi, Jiang Zhong, Fang Zhang, Yuzhu Yokoyama, Wallace Zhao, Liqing TI Effects of Lipids on in Vitro Release and Cellular Uptake of beta-Carotene in Nanoemulsion-Based Delivery Systems SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE beta-carotene; lipids; bioaccessibility; Caco-2 cell ID CACO-2 CELLS; VITAMIN-E; FATTY-ACIDS; DIETARY CAROTENOIDS; INTESTINAL-CELLS; VEGETABLE-OILS; SWEET-POTATO; BILE-SALTS; BIOACCESSIBILITY; STABILITY AB beta-Carotene (BC) nanoemulsions were successfully prepared by microfluidization. BC micellarization was significantly affected by bile salts and pancreatin concentration. Positive and linear correlation was observed between BC release and bile salts concentration. Pancreatin facilitated BC's release in simulated digestion. Compared to the control (bulk oil) (4.6%), nanoemulsion delivery systems significantly improved the micellarization of BC (70.9%). The amount of BC partitioned into micelles was positively proportional to the length of carrier oils. Unsaturated fatty acid (UFA)-rich oils were better than saturated fatty acid (SFA)-rich oils in transferring BC (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich oils and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich oils (p > 0.05). A positive and linear relationship between the degree of lipolysis and the release of BC in vitro digestion was observed. Bile salts showed cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells below 20 times dilution. BC uptake by Caco-2 cells was not affected by fatty acid (FA) compositions in micelles, but BC uptake was proportional to its concentration in the diluted micelle fraction. The results obtained are beneficial to encapsulate and deliver BC or other bioactive lipophilic carotenoids in a wide range of commercial products. C1 [Yi, Jiang; Zhao, Liqing] Shenzhen Univ, Coll Chem & Environm Engn, Shenzhen 518060, Peoples R China. [Zhong, Fang] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Food Colloids & Biotechnol, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yuzhu; Yokoyama, Wallace] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Yi, J (reprint author), Shenzhen Univ, Coll Chem & Environm Engn, Shenzhen 518060, Peoples R China. EM yijiangjnu@gmail.com; snowyzlj@163.com FU Shenzhen Dedicated Funding of Strategic Emerging Industry Development Program [JCYJ20140418091413576, CXZZ20150430093131635] FX This work was supported by the Shenzhen Dedicated Funding of Strategic Emerging Industry Development Program (JCYJ20140418091413576, CXZZ20150430093131635). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 10 U2 35 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 63 IS 50 BP 10831 EP 10837 DI 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04789 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA DA1NB UT WOS:000367561400012 PM 26629789 ER PT J AU Cornman, RS Otto, CRV Iwanowicz, D Pettis, JS AF Cornman, R. Scott Otto, Clint R. V. Iwanowicz, Deborah Pettis, Jeffery S. TI Taxonomic Characterization of Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Pollen Foraging Based on Non-Overlapping Paired-End Sequencing of Nuclear Ribosomal Loci SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; LAND-USE CHANGE; FLOWERING PLANTS; READ ALIGNMENT; POLLINATORS; CONSERVATION; VISITATION; PHYLOGENY; COMMUNITY; FORAGERS AB Identifying plant taxa that honey bees (Apis mellifera) forage upon is of great apicultural interest, but traditional methods are labor intensive and may lack resolution. Here we evaluate a high-throughput genetic barcoding approach to characterize trap-collected pollen from multiple North Dakota apiaries across multiple years. We used the Illumina MiSeq platform to generate sequence scaffolds from non-overlapping 300-bp paired-end sequencing reads of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS). Full-length sequence scaffolds represented similar to 530 bp of ITS sequence after adapter trimming, drawn from the 5' of ITS1 and the 3' of ITS2, while skipping the uninformative 5.8S region. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were picked from scaffolds clustered at 97% identity, searched by BLAST against the nt database, and given taxonomic assignments using the paired-read lowest common ancestor approach. Taxonomic assignments and quantitative patterns were consistent with known plant distributions, phenology, and observational reports of pollen foraging, but revealed an unexpected contribution from non-crop graminoids and wetland plants. The mean number of plant species assignments per sample was 23.0 (+/-5.5) and the mean species diversity (effective number of equally abundant species) was 3.3 (+/-1.2). Bray-Curtis similarities showed good agreement among samples from the same apiary and sampling date. Rarefaction plots indicated that fewer than 50,000 reads are typically needed to characterize pollen samples of this complexity. Our results show that a pre-compiled, curated reference database is not essential for genus-level assignments, but species-level assignments are hindered by database gaps, reference length variation, and probable errors in the taxonomic assignment, requiring post-hoc evaluation. Although the effective per-sample yield achieved using custom MiSeq amplicon primers was less than the machine maximum, primarily due to lower "read2" quality, further protocol optimization and/or a modest reduction in multiplex scale should offset this difficulty. As small quantities of pollen are sufficient for amplification, our approach might be extendable to other questions or species for which large pollen samples are not available. C1 [Cornman, R. Scott] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Otto, Clint R. V.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. [Iwanowicz, Deborah] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Pettis, Jeffery S.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cornman, RS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rcornman@usgs.gov FU US Department of Agriculture-Farm Service Agency; USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service; US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area FX Funding was provided by the US Department of Agriculture-Farm Service Agency and USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service (JSP, CRVO), and by the US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area (CRVO). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 31 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0145365 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0145365 PG 26 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ4SI UT WOS:000367092600071 PM 26700168 ER PT J AU Friggens, MM Finch, DM AF Friggens, Megan M. Finch, Deborah M. TI Implications of Climate Change for Bird Conservation in the Southwestern US under Three Alternative Futures SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; DISTRIBUTION MODELS; LAND-USE; NICHE; VARIABILITY; PREDICTION; VEGETATION; ABUNDANCE; IMPACTS AB Future expected changes in climate and human activity threaten many riparian habitats, particularly in the southwestern U.S. Using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt3.3.3) modeling, we characterized habitat relationships and generated spatial predictions of habitat suitability for the Lucy's warbler (Oreothlypis luciae), the Southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) and the Western yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus). Our goal was to provide site- and species-specific information that can be used by managers to identify areas for habitat conservation and/or restoration along the Rio Grande in New Mexico. We created models of suitable habitat for each species based on collection and survey samples and climate, biophysical, and vegetation data. We projected habitat suitability under future climates by applying these models to conditions generated from three climate models for 2030, 2060 and 2090. By comparing current and future distributions, we identified how habitats are likely to change as a result of changing climate and the consequences of those changes for these bird species. We also examined whether land ownership of high value sites shifts under changing climate conditions. Habitat suitability models performed well. Biophysical characteristics were more important that climate conditions for predicting habitat suitability with distance to water being the single most important predictor. Climate, though less important, was still influential and led to declines of suitable habitat of more than 60% by 2090. For all species, suitable habitat tended to shrink over time within the study area leaving a few core areas of high importance. Overall, climate changes will increase habitat fragmentation and reduce breeding habitat patch size. The best strategy for conserving bird species within the Rio Grande will include measures to maintain and restore critical habitat refugia. This study provides an example of a presence-only habitat model that can be used to inform the management of species at intermediate scales. C1 [Friggens, Megan M.; Finch, Deborah M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Friggens, MM (reprint author), Albuquerque Forestry Sci Lab, 333 Broadway SE,Suite 115, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. EM meganfriggens@fs.fed.us FU Southern Rockies Landscape Conservation Cooperative [11221632-006]; Desert Landscape Conservation Cooperative [11221632-006] FX The work being used in this study was jointly funded (IA#11221632-006) by the Southern Rockies Landscape Conservation Cooperative (http://southernrockieslcc.org/) and the Desert Landscape Conservation Cooperative (http://www.usbr.gov/dlcc/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 36 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0144089 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0144089 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ4SI UT WOS:000367092600015 PM 26700871 ER PT J AU Greene, SL Kesoju, SR Martin, RC Kramer, M AF Greene, Stephanie L. Kesoju, Sandya R. Martin, Ruth C. Kramer, Matthew TI Occurrence of Transgenic Feral Alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp sativa L.) in Alfalfa Seed Production Areas in the United States SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENE FLOW; OILSEED RAPE; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; BRASSICA-NAPUS; CREEPING BENTGRASS; TRAIT CONFINEMENT; WESTERN CANADA; POPULATIONS; ORIGIN; PLANTS AB The potential environmental risks of transgene exposure are not clear for alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. sativa), a perennial crop that is cross-pollinated by insects. We gathered data on feral alfalfa in major alfalfa seed-production areas in the western United States to (1) evaluate evidence that feral transgenic plants spread transgenes and (2) determine environmental and agricultural production factors influencing the location of feral alfalfa, especially transgenic plants. Road verges in Fresno, California; Canyon, Idaho; and Walla Walla, Washington were surveyed in 2011 and 2012 for feral plants, and samples were tested for the CP4 EPSPS protein that conveys resistance to glyphosate. Of 4580 sites surveyed, feral plants were observed at 404 sites. Twenty-seven percent of these sites had transgenic plants. The frequency of sites having transgenic feral plants varied among our study areas. Transgenic plants were found in 32.7%, 21.4.7% and 8.3% of feral plant sites in Fresno, Canyon and Walla Walla, respectively. Spatial analysis suggested that feral populations started independently and tended to cluster in seed and hay production areas, places where seed tended to drop. Significant but low spatial auto correlation suggested that in some instances, plants colonized nearby locations. Neighboring feral plants were frequently within pollinator foraging range; however, further research is needed to confirm transgene flow. Locations of feral plant clusters were not well predicted by environmental and production variables. However, the likelihood of seed spillage during production and transport had predictive value in explaining the occurrence of transgenic feral populations. Our study confirms that genetically engineered alfalfa has dispersed into the environment, and suggests that minimizing seed spillage and eradicating feral alfalfa along road sides would be effective strategies to minimize transgene dispersal. C1 [Greene, Stephanie L.] ARS, Plant & Anim Genet Resource Preservat Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Kesoju, Sandya R.] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Martin, Ruth C.] ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. [Kramer, Matthew] ARS, Stat Grp, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Greene, SL (reprint author), ARS, Plant & Anim Genet Resource Preservat Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM stephanie.greene@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Office of the Secretary Biotechnology Funds; Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grant Program competitive grant from the USDA NIFA [2011-33522-30733]; USDA, Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by the USDA Office of the Secretary Biotechnology Funds, Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grant Program competitive grant no. 2011-33522-30733 from the USDA NIFA, and the USDA, Agricultural Research Service. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 25 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0143296 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0143296 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ4SI UT WOS:000367092600006 PM 26699337 ER PT J AU Johnson, FT Zhu, YM AF Johnson, Franklin T. Zhu, Yanmin TI Transcriptome changes in apple peel tissues during CO2 injury symptom development under controlled atmosphere storage regimens SO HORTICULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID X DOMESTICA BORKH.; 1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE 1-MCP; GENE-EXPRESSION; EMPIRE APPLES; RNA-SEQ; FRUIT; ARABIDOPSIS; ETHYLENE; MD-ACS1; GENOME AB Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) is one of the most widely cultivated tree crops, and fruit storability is vital to the profitability of the apple fruit industry. Fruit of many apple cultivars can be stored for an extended period due to the introduction of advanced storage technologies, such as controlled atmosphere (CA) and 1-methylcyclopropane (1-MCP). However, CA storage can cause external CO2 injury for some apple cultivars. The molecular changes associated with the development of CO2 injury are not well elucidated. In this study, the global transcriptional regulations were investigated under different storage conditions and during development of CO2 injury symptoms on 'Golden Delicious' fruit. Fruit peel tissues under three different storage regimens, regular cold atmosphere, CA and CA storage and 1-MCP application were sampled at four storage durations over a 12-week period. Fruit physiological changes were affected differently under these storage regimens, and CO2 injury symptoms were detectable 2 weeks after CA storage. Identification of the differentially expressed genes and a gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed the specific transcriptome changes associated with each storage regimen. Overall, a profound transcriptome change was associated with CA storage regimen as indicated by the large number of differentially expressed genes. The lighter symptom was accompanied by reduced transcriptome changes under the CA storage and 1-MCP application regimen. Furthermore, the higher enrichment levels in the functional categories of oxidative stress response, glycolysis and protein post-translational modification were only associated with CA storage regime; therefore, these processes potentially contribute to the development of external CO2 injury or its symptom in apple. C1 [Johnson, Franklin T.] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Pullman, WA 98664 USA. [Zhu, Yanmin] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM yanmin.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2052-7276 J9 HORTIC RES-ENGLAND JI Hortic. Res.-England PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 2 AR 15061 DI 10.1038/hortres.2015.61 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA CZ6CH UT WOS:000367188200001 PM 27087982 ER PT J AU Rai, DK Lawrence, P Kloc, A Schafer, E Rieder, E AF Rai, Devendra K. Lawrence, Paul Kloc, Anna Schafer, Elizabeth Rieder, Elizabeth TI Analysis of the interaction between host factor Sam68 and viral elements during foot-and-mouth disease virus infections SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sam68; FMDV; 3C protease; 3D polymerase; IRES; Stress granules; RNA replication ID RIBOSOME-ENTRY SITE; RNA-BINDING PROTEIN; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NUCLEAR-LOCALIZATION SIGNAL; CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION; SRC-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IN-VITRO TRANSLATION; MESSENGER-RNA; INTERNAL INITIATION; POLIOVIRUS RNA AB Background: The nuclear protein Src-associated protein of 68 kDa in mitosis (Sam68) is known to bind RNA and be involved in cellular processes triggered in response to environmental stresses, including virus infection. Interestingly, Sam68 is a multi-functional protein implicated in the life cycle of retroviruses and picornaviruses and is also considered a marker of virus-induced stress granules (SGs). Recently, we demonstrated the partial redistribution of Sam68 to the cytoplasm in FMDV infected cells, its interaction with viral protease 3C(pro), and found a significant reduction in viral titers as consequence of Sam68-specific siRNA knockdowns. Despite of that, details of how it benefits FMDV remains to be elucidated. Methods: Sam68 cytoplasmic localization was examined by immunofluorescent microscopy, counterstaining with antibodies against Sam68, a viral capsid protein and markers of SGs. The relevance of RAAA motifs in the IRES was investigated using electromobility shift assays with Sam68 protein and parental and mutant FMDV RNAs. In addition, full genome WT and mutant or G-luc replicon RNAs were tested following transfection in mammalian cells. The impact of Sam68 depletion to virus protein and RNA synthesis was investigated in a cell-free system. Lastly, through co-immunoprecipitation, structural modeling, and subcellular fractionation, viral protein interactions with Sam68 were explored. Results: FMDV-induced cytoplasmic redistribution of Sam68 resulted in it temporarily co-localizing with SG marker: TIA-1. Mutations that disrupted FMDV IRES RAAA motifs, with putative affinity to Sam68 in domain 3 and 4 cause a reduction on the formation of ribonucleoprotein complexes with this protein and resulted in non-viable progeny viruses and replication-impaired replicons. Furthermore, depletion of Sam68 in cell-free extracts greatly diminished FMDV RNA replication, which was restored by addition of recombinant Sam68. The results here demonstrated that Sam68 specifically co-precipitates with both FMDV 3D(pol) and 3C(pro) consistent with early observations of FMDV 3C(pro)-induced cleavage of Sam68. Conclusion: We have found that Sam68 is a specific binding partner for FMDV non-structural proteins 3C(pro) and 3D(pol) and showed that mutations at RAAA motifs in IRES domains 3 and 4 cause a decrease in Sam68 affinity to these RNA elements and rendered the mutant RNA non-viable. Interestingly, in FMDV infected cells re-localized Sam68 was transiently detected along with SG markers in the cytoplasm. These results support the importance of Sam68 as a host factor co-opted by FMDV during infection and demonstrate that Sam68 interact with both, FMDV RNA motifs in the IRES and viral non-structural proteins 3C(pro) and 3D(pol). C1 [Rai, Devendra K.; Lawrence, Paul; Kloc, Anna; Schafer, Elizabeth; Rieder, Elizabeth] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, US Dept Agr, ARS,NAA,Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Rieder, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, US Dept Agr, ARS,NAA,Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM Elizabeth.Rieder@ars.usda.gov FU CRIS [1940-32000-057-00D]; Agricultural Research Service [22]; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program; U.S. Department of Energy; USDA FX This research was supported by CRIS project number 1940-32000-057-00D, Agricultural Research Service [22], United States Department of Agriculture (USDA, to Dr. Elizabeth Rieder). Drs. Devendra K. Rai and Paul Lawrence received a fellowship by the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the USDA. We thank Dr. Alfonso Clavijo for the gift of mAbs 40C8 and F32-44; and Sarah Conderino and Traci Turecek for technical assistance. NR 103 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 12 AR 224 DI 10.1186/s12985-015-0452-8 PG 17 WC Virology SC Virology GA CZ1UK UT WOS:000366890800001 PM 26695943 ER PT J AU Qing, Y Cai, ZY Wu, YQ Yao, CH Wu, QL Li, XJ AF Qing, Yan Cai, Zhiyong Wu, Yiqiang Yao, Chunhua Wu, Qinglin Li, Xianjun TI Facile preparation of optically transparent and hydrophobic cellulose nanofibril composite films SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Cellulose nanofibrils; Nanocomposite; Static and dynamic mechanical properties; Visible light transmittance; Wetting and water contact angle ID MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE; RESIN NANOCOMPOSITES; FIBRILS AB Cellulose nanoflbril (CNF) and epoxy nanocomposites with high visible light transmittance and low water sensitivity were manufactured by laminating thin layers of epoxy resin onto CNF films prepared through, pressurized filtration in combination with oven drying. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies suggest that the resin component bonded to the CNF substrate well. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) observation reveals that the resin lamination led to smoother film surface, which helped enhance UV-vis transmittance. The addition of epoxy resin had little effect on the static and dynamic mechanical strength. However, crystalline and interconnected CNFs significantly reduced the loss factor and shifted the glass transition of composite to a high temperature. Compared to pure CNF films, the CNF/epoxy composites showed a 20% improved transparence in the visible light range. The CNF/epoxy composites demonstrated a sufficient water resistance. This composite film could be considered as a potential substrate material in the application of flexible electronics substrates. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Qing, Yan; Wu, Yiqiang; Yao, Chunhua; Wu, Qinglin; Li, Xianjun] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Cai, Zhiyong; Yao, Chunhua] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Wu, YQ (reprint author), Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China. EM wuyq0506@126.com FU Industry Research Special Funds for Public Welfare Project of China [201404604]; Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation [2015JJ2203]; Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Province [15K151]; Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate from China [CX2014A013] FX This work was financially supported by Industry Research Special Funds for Public Welfare Project of China (201404604), Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation (2015JJ2203), Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Province (15K151), and Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate (CX2014A013) from China. The authors sincerely thank Rick Reiner for preparing and supplying TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibrils. The authors gratefully acknowledge Jane O'Dell and Nancy Ross Sutherland for DMTA and water contact angle tests, respectively. Benjamin Treml is kindly acknowledged for help with tensile and UV-vis transmittance tests. Thanks also to Neil Gribbins for technical and editorial assistance. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 77 BP 13 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.08.016 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CX9ZL UT WOS:000366065200002 ER PT J AU Harry-O'kuru, RE Gordon, SH Klokkenga, M AF Harry-O'kuru, R. E. Gordon, S. H. Klokkenga, M. TI Bio-generation of succinic acid by fermentation of Physaria fendleri seed polysaccharides SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Physaria fendleri; Polysaccharides; Saccharification; Press cake; Fermentation; Actinobacillus succinogenes sp DSM 22257; Succinic acid ID ALKALINE HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; WHEAT-STRAW; CORN FIBER; EXTRACTION; PRETREATMENT; AMINE AB The bio-oils research unit at the national center for agricultural utilization research in Peoria, Illinois produces over 70% of crushed oilseed as press cake annually as tons of seed are crushed for oil. A large amount of this press cake cannot be used as animal feed because of anti-nutritional properties and generally winds up landfilled. Lesquerella fendleri now reclassified as Physaria fendleri and its press cake belongs in this category of oilseed processed here and its meal is unsuitable as animal feed. Hence the purpose of this study was to explore use of its press cake especially its polysaccharide content as renewable substrate for fermentative production of succinic acid when the crop is commercialized. Success with P. fendleri would lead to utilization of similar oilseed press cakes. Succinic acid, an important platform chemical is mainly produced industrially from mateic anhydride, a petrochemical intermediate as substrate. But because most research in succinic acid fermentative production is based on glucose, our goal here was to,explore expansion of sugar substrate use beyond glucose so the polysaccharides from oilseed crushes could become renewable feedstuff for succinic acid production. Our initial trials found that the ruminal microorganism strain Actinobacillus succinogenes DSM 22,257 was capable of producing succinate using standard sugars known to be components of P. fendleri polysaccharides, i.e., glucose, arabinose, galactose, galacturonic acid and xylose. Subsequent trials with hydrolyzates of P. fendleri press cake using this strain successfully produced succinate at 93 to >98% conversion. The succinic acid produced was readily quantitatively recovered by solvent extraction of the heterogeneous fermentation broth. The crude extract was purified by recrystallization to >99% purity. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Harry-O'kuru, R. E.; Klokkenga, M.] USDA ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Gordon, S. H.] USDA ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Harry-O'kuru, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM HarryOkuru@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 77 BP 116 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.08.038 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CX9ZL UT WOS:000366065200015 ER PT J AU Compton, DL Goodell, JR Grall, S Evans, KO Cermak, SC AF Compton, David L. Goodell, John R. Grall, Steven Evans, Kervin O. Cermak, Steven C. TI Continuous, packed-bed, enzymatic bioreactor production and stability of feruloyl soy glycerides SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant; Bioreactor; Ethyl ferulate; Ferulic acid; Novozym 435; Soy bean oil; Transesterification ID LIPASE-CATALYZED SYNTHESIS; ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES; WATER ACTIVITY; FLAXSEED OIL; ESTERS; TRANSESTERIFICATION; FERULATE; ACID; GLYCEROLS; TRIOLEIN AB The synthesis of feruloyl soy glycerides was demonstrated on a pilot-scale (1 metric ton/year) in a continuous, four-column series, packed-bed, enzymatic bioreactor (herein referred to as the bioreactor). Ethyl ferulate and soybean oil were combined and converted at 3.5 kg/d over Candida antarctica lipase B immobilized on an acrylic resin (Novozym 435) at 60 degrees C. The ethyl ferulate/soybean oil substrate was fed through the four, packed-bed, enzyme columns in series with each column fitted with a recirculation pump, which improved conversion and throughput compared to smaller, batch bioreactor systems. The synthesis was carried out over 4.5 months with a single charge of enzyme to produce over 450 kg of feruloyl soy glycerides at 65% conversion. The stability of the feruloyl soy glycerides was determined by comparing the total ferulate concentration (UV absorbance), free radical scavenging (antioxidant) capacity, total acid value (hydrolysis), and Lovibond color of samples produced in 2009 to samples produced in 2015. The feruloyl soy glycerides showed no appreciable loss of UV absorbing (lambda(max) 325 nm) or rapid antioxidant capacity (50% reduction of initial radical concentration <5 min) after six years of storage. Feruloyl soy glycerides were shown to be hygroscopic over six years, but did not show any appreciable difference in total acid number due to hydrolysis or change in color. The successful pilot-scale synthesis and long term efficacy and stability of feruloyl soy glycerides was critical for the adoption of feruloyl soy glycerides as broad range UV absorbing and antoxidant ingredient by the cosmetic and skin care industries. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Compton, David L.; Evans, Kervin O.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Goodell, John R.] IAct Nat Biotechnol Res & Dev Corp, Peoria, IL 61606 USA. [Grall, Steven] Grall Co, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Cermak, Steven C.] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Compton, DL (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM david.compton@ars.usda.gov FU Cooperative Research and Development Agreements; Biotechnology Research and Development Consortium; Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation FX This work was supported in part under Cooperative Research and Development Agreements with the Biotechnology Research and Development Consortium and the Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation. The authors wish to thank Leslie Smith and Amber L. Durham for their excellent technical assistance and Debra E. Palmquist, Agricultural Research Service Statistician, for the statistical analysis of the data reported in Table 1. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 77 BP 787 EP 794 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.059 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CX9ZL UT WOS:000366065200095 ER PT J AU Johanningsmeier, SD McFeeters, RF AF Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D. McFeeters, Roger F. TI Metabolic footprinting of Lactobacillus buchneri strain LA1147 during anaerobic spoilage of fermented cucumbers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GCxGC-ToFMS; Metabolomic platform; Lactic acid bacteria; Pickled vegetables; Spoilage organisms; Spoilage metabolites; L. buchneri metabolism ID 2-DIMENSIONAL GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; ARGININE CATABOLISM; COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS; PATHWAY ENZYMES; GCXGC-TOFMS; TOLERANCE; SAMPLES; FERMENTATIONS AB Lactobacillus buchneri has recently been associated with anaerobic spoilage of fermented cucumbers due to its ability to metabolize lactic acid into acetic acid and 1,2-propanediol. However, we have limited knowledge of other chemical components in fermented cucumber that may be related to spoilage and the unique metabolic capabilities of L. buchneri. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry metabolite profiling methods were applied for nontargeted detection of volatile and nonvolatile compounds to determine changes that occurred during anaerobic fermented cucumber spoilage by L. buchneri LA1147 and during reproduction of spoilage with natural microbiota. Univariate analysis of variance combined with hierarchial clustering analysis revealed 92 metabolites that changed during spoilage (P < 0.01). Decreases were observed in mono and disaccharides, amino adds, nucleosides, long chain fatty acids, aldehydes, and ketones, and increases were observed in several alcohols and butanoic and pentanoic acids. Most of the metabolite changes preceded lactic acid utilization, indicating that lactic acid is not a preferred substrate for anaerobic spoilage organisms in fermented cucumbers. The ability to detect biochemical changes that preceded lactate utilization revealed citrulline, trehalose, and cellobiose as compounds that may signify metabolic activity of L. buchneri spoilage strains prior to any significant product degradation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D.; McFeeters, Roger F.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Johanningsmeier, SD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, 322 Schaub Hall,Box 7624, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM suzanne.johanningsmeier@ars.usda.gov FU Pickle Packers International Inc., Washington, DC FX The authors wish to express their appreciation to Dr. Jason Osborne of the NC State Statistics Department for statistical consulting. We also gratefully acknowledge that this investigation was partially supported by Pickle Packers International Inc., Washington, DC. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 10 U2 60 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 215 BP 40 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.08.004 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA CV4NV UT WOS:000364244700006 PM 26325599 ER PT J AU Wilcoxen, TE Horn, DJ Hogan, BM Hubble, CN Huber, SJ Flamm, J Knott, M Lundstrom, L Salik, F Wassenhove, SJ Wrobel, ER AF Wilcoxen, Travis E. Horn, David J. Hogan, Brianna M. Hubble, Cody N. Huber, Sarah J. Flamm, Joseph Knott, Madeline Lundstrom, Lisa Salik, Faaria Wassenhove, Samantha J. Wrobel, Elizabeth R. TI Effects of bird-feeding activities on the health of wild birds SO CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anthropogenic food; avian physiology; disease; songbirds ID FLORIDA SCRUB-JAYS; IN-HOUSE FINCHES; BODY CONDITION; APHELOCOMA-COERULESCENS; NUTRITIONAL MODULATION; FOOD SUPPLEMENTATION; LYMPHOCYTE RATIO; UNITED-STATES; TRADE-OFFS; BASE-LINE AB Among the most popular reasons that people feed wild birds is that they want to help birds. The extent to which supplemental food helps birds, however, is not well established. From spring 2011 to spring 2014, we examined how feeding of wild birds influences the health of individual birds at forested sites in central Illinois, USA. Specifically, we compared three forested sites where we provided supplemental food with three forested sites for which no supplemental food was available and monitored changes in the individual health of birds. In addition, we determined whether any changes in bird health had occurred after feeders had been removed from sites 10 months before. Generally, the individual health of birds improved with supplemental feeding, including increased antioxidant levels, reduced stress (heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) and more rapid feather growth. In some species, we also found improved body condition index scores and innate immune defense. The difference among sites was not present 10 months after feeders were removed, suggesting that the impact on health was indeed related to supplemental feeding. Potential negative effects of supplemental feeding were also found, including an increase in infectious disease prevalence among individual birds at forested sites where supplemental food was offered. Birds with clear signs of pathology showed deficits in most of the physiological metrics in which birds at feeder sites typically showed improved health condition. At the peak of prevalence of infectious disease, 8.3% of all birds at feeders exhibited symptoms of conjunctivitis, pox, dermal disease or cloacal disease. We found both positive and negative impacts of wild bird feeding, and that, in general, birds that had access to supplemental food were in better physiological condition. Moreover, the negative effects we found may be mitigated by hobbyists engaging in safer bird-feeding practices. C1 [Wilcoxen, Travis E.; Horn, David J.; Hogan, Brianna M.; Hubble, Cody N.; Huber, Sarah J.; Flamm, Joseph; Knott, Madeline; Lundstrom, Lisa; Salik, Faaria; Wassenhove, Samantha J.; Wrobel, Elizabeth R.] Millikin Univ, Dept Biol, 1184 West Main St, Decatur, IL 62522 USA. [Wassenhove, Samantha J.] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Springfield, IL 62703 USA. [Wrobel, Elizabeth R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Wilcoxen, TE (reprint author), Millikin Univ, Dept Biol, 1184 West Main St, Decatur, IL 62522 USA. EM twilcoxen@millikin.edu FU Wild Bird Feeding Industry Research Foundation; Scotts Company; Millikin University; Decatur Audubon Society; Illinois State Academy of Science Undergraduate Research Grant; Sigma Zeta National Math and Science Honor Society Student Research Grants FX This work was supported by the Wild Bird Feeding Industry Research Foundation; The Scotts Company; Millikin University; Decatur Audubon Society; Illinois State Academy of Science Undergraduate Research Grant; and Sigma Zeta National Math and Science Honor Society Student Research Grants. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 22 U2 28 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2051-1434 J9 CONSERV PHYSIOL JI Conserv. Physiol. PD DEC 22 PY 2015 VL 3 AR cov058 DI 10.1093/conphys/cov058 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Physiology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physiology GA DK8UD UT WOS:000375202900001 PM 27293740 ER PT J AU Stewart, CP Oaks, BM Laugero, KD Ashorn, U Harjunmaa, U Kumwenda, C Chaima, D Maleta, K Ashorn, P Dewey, KG AF Stewart, Christine P. Oaks, Brietta M. Laugero, Kevin D. Ashorn, Ulla Harjunmaa, Ulla Kumwenda, Chiza Chaima, David Maleta, Kenneth Ashorn, Per Dewey, Kathryn G. TI Maternal cortisol and stress are associated with birth outcomes, but are not affected by lipid-based nutrient supplements during pregnancy: an analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial in rural Malawi SO BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH LA English DT Article DE Cortisol; Stress; Preterm birth; Birth weight; Lipid-based nutrient supplements; Multiple micronutrient supplements; Malawi; Pregnancy ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH-RETARDATION; MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; PRETERM BIRTH; PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS; MULTIPLE MICRONUTRIENT; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; SALIVARY CORTISOL; FETAL-GROWTH; TIME TRENDS AB Background: Prenatal micronutrient supplements have been found to increase birth weight, but mechanisms for increased growth are poorly understood. Our hypotheses were that 1) women who receive lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) during pregnancy would have lower mean salivary cortisol concentration at 28 wk and 36 wk gestation compared to the multiple micronutrient (MMN) and iron-folic acid (IFA) supplement groups and 2) both salivary cortisol and perceived stress during pregnancy would be associated with shorter duration of gestation and smaller size at birth. Methods: Women were enrolled in the trial in early pregnancy and randomized to receive LNS, MMN, or iron-folic acid (IFA) supplements daily throughout pregnancy. At enrollment, 28 wk and 36 wk gestation, saliva samples were collected and their cortisol concentration was measured. Self-report of perceived stress was measured using questionnaires. Gestation duration was indicated by ultrasound dating and newborn anthropometric measurements (weight, length, head circumference) provided indicators of intrauterine growth. Results: Of the 1391 women enrolled in the trial, 1372, 906 and 1049 saliva samples were collected from women at baseline, 28 wk and 36 wk, respectively. There were no significant differences in mean cortisol concentrations by intervention group at 28 wk or 36 wk gestation. Cortisol concentrations were negatively associated with duration of gestation (Baseline: beta = -0.05, p = 0.039; 36 wk: beta = -0.04, p = 0.037) and birth weight (28 wk: beta = -0.08, p = 0.035; 36 wk: beta = -0.11, p = 0.003) but not associated with length-for-age or head circumference-for-age z-scores. Perceived stress at 36 wk was significantly associated with shorter newborn LAZ (p = 0.001). There were no significant associations with the risk of small for gestational age, preterm birth, or low birth weight. Conclusions: Maternal salivary cortisol concentration was strongly associated with birth weight and duration of gestation in rural Malawi, but these data do not support the hypothesis that LNS provision to pregnant women would influence their salivary cortisol concentrations. C1 [Stewart, Christine P.; Oaks, Brietta M.; Dewey, Kathryn G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Laugero, Kevin D.] ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Ashorn, Ulla; Harjunmaa, Ulla; Ashorn, Per] ARS, Dept Int Hlth, USDA, Tampere, Finland. [Kumwenda, Chiza; Chaima, David; Maleta, Kenneth] Univ Malawi, Dept Community Hlth, Coll Med, Blantyre, Malawi. [Ashorn, Per] Tampere Univ Hosp, Dept Paediat, Tampere, Finland. RP Stewart, CP (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cpstewart@ucdavis.edu OI Maleta, Ken/0000-0002-2536-3938 FU Office of Health, Infectious Diseases, and Nutrition, Bureau for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) through the Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance III Project (FANTA) [AID-OAA-A-12-00005, FHI 360]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; US Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service [5306-51530-019-00] FX This publication is based on research funded by a grant to the University of California, Davis from the Office of Health, Infectious Diseases, and Nutrition, Bureau for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) under terms of Cooperative Agreement No. AID-OAA-A-12-00005, through the Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance III Project (FANTA), managed by FHI 360. Additional support was provided by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. This work was also funded by the US Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service intramural Project Number 5306-51530-019-00 (principal investigator K.D.L.). The contents of this manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official view of the US Department of Agriculture, which is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The authors would also like to acknowledge the dedicated support of Joy Thakwalakwa, Eletina Chilora, Lotta Alho, and Basho Poelman for managing and cleaning the data. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2393 J9 BMC PREGNANCY CHILDB JI BMC Pregnancy Childbirth PD DEC 22 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 346 DI 10.1186/s12884-015-0793-8 PG 12 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA CZ4AC UT WOS:000367044300005 PM 26694646 ER PT J AU Niu, MY Yu, QQ Tian, P Gao, ZY Wang, DP Shi, XM AF Niu, Mengya Yu, Qianqian Tian, Peng Gao, Zhiyong Wang, Dapeng Shi, Xianming TI Engineering Bacterial Surface Displayed Human Norovirus Capsid Proteins: A Novel System to Explore Interaction Between Norovirus and Ligands SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE human noroviruses; cell surface display; receptor; ice nucleation protein; histo-blood group antigens ID ICE-NUCLEATION PROTEIN; BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; NORWALK VIRUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS HYDROLASE; BINDING; STRAIN; PARTICLE; CLASSIFICATION AB Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are major contributors to acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks. Many aspects of HuNoVs are poorly understood due to both the current inability to culture HuNoVs, and the lack of efficient small animal models. Surrogates for HuNoVs, such as recombinant viral like particles (VLPs) expressed in eukaryotic system or P particles expressed in prokaryotic system, have been used for studies in immunology and interaction between the virus and its receptors. However, it is difficult to use VLPs or P particles to collect or isolate potential ligands binding to these recombinant capsid proteins. In this study, a new strategy was used to collect HuNoVs binding ligands through the use of ice nucleation protein (INP) to display recombinant capsid proteins of HuNoVs on bacterial surfaces. The viral protein-ligand complex could be easily separated by a low speed centrifugation step. This system was also used to explore interaction between recombinant capsid proteins of HuNoVs and their receptors. In this system, the VP1 capsid encoding gene (ORF2) and the protruding domain (P domain) encoding gene (3' terminal fragment of ORF2) of HuNoVs GI.1 and GII.4 were fused with 5' terminal fragment of INP encoding gene (inaQn). The results demonstrated that the recombinant VP1 and P domains of HuNoVs were expressed and anchored on the surface of Escherichia coli BL21 cells after the bacteria were transformed with the corresponding plasmids. Both cell surface displayed VP1 and P domains could be recognized by HuNoVs specific antibodies and interact with the viral histo-blood group antigens receptors. In both cases, displayed P domains had better binding abilities than VP1. This new strategy of using displayed HuNoVs capsid proteins on the bacterial surface could be utilized to separate HuNoVs binding components from complex samples, to investigate interaction between the virus and its receptors, as well as to develop an oral vaccine for HuNoVs. C1 [Niu, Mengya; Yu, Qianqian; Wang, Dapeng; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, Dept Food Sci & Technol, MOST USDA Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Tian, Peng] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Gao, Zhiyong] Beijing Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Wang, DP (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, Dept Food Sci & Technol, MOST USDA Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. EM norovirus@163.com FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012AA101601]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31301475] FX This work was jointly supported by the grant No. 2012AA101601 from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and the grant No. 31301475 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. We want to thank Prof. Lin Li kindly provided plasmid pTrc-HisC-inaQ (State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China). NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD DEC 22 PY 2015 VL 6 AR 1448 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01448 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CZ3ID UT WOS:000366996800002 PM 26733983 ER PT J AU Anderegg, WRL Ballantyne, AP Smith, WK Majkut, J Rabin, S Beaulieu, C Birdsey, R Dunne, JP Houghton, RA Myneni, RB Pan, YD Sarmiento, JL Serota, N Shevliakova, E Tans, P Pacala, SW AF Anderegg, William R. L. Ballantyne, Ashley P. Smith, W. Kolby Majkut, Joseph Rabin, Sam Beaulieu, Claudie Birdsey, Richard Dunne, John P. Houghton, Richard A. Myneni, Ranga B. Pan, Yude Sarmiento, Jorge L. Serota, Nathan Shevliakova, Elena Tans, Pieter Pacala, Stephen W. TI Tropical nighttime warming as a dominant driver of variability in the terrestrial carbon sink SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE climate change; climate feedback; asymmetrical warming; carbon budget; inversion model ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; CYCLE FEEDBACKS; LAND-USE; NORTHERN ECOSYSTEMS; SEMIARID ECOSYSTEMS; INCREASING CO2; DIOXIDE UPTAKE; CLIMATE; SENSITIVITY AB The terrestrial biosphere is currently a strong carbon (C) sink but may switch to a source in the 21st century as climate-driven losses exceed CO2-driven C gains, thereby accelerating global warming. Although it has long been recognized that tropical climate plays a critical role in regulating interannual climate variability, the causal link between changes in temperature and precipitation and terrestrial processes remains uncertain. Here, we combine atmospheric mass balance, remote sensing-modeled datasets of vegetation C uptake, and climate datasets to characterize the temporal variability of the terrestrial C sink and determine the dominant climate drivers of this variability. We show that the interannual variability of global land C sink has grown by 50-100% over the past 50 y. We further find that interannual land C sink variability is most strongly linked to tropical nighttime warming, likely through respiration. This apparent sensitivity of respiration to nighttime temperatures, which are projected to increase faster than global average temperatures, suggests that C stored in tropical forests may be vulnerable to future warming. C1 [Anderegg, William R. L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Anderegg, William R. L.; Rabin, Sam; Pacala, Stephen W.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Anderegg, William R. L.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Ballantyne, Ashley P.; Smith, W. Kolby; Serota, Nathan] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Majkut, Joseph; Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Beaulieu, Claudie] Univ Southampton, Ocean & Earth Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Birdsey, Richard; Pan, Yude] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Dunne, John P.; Shevliakova, Elena] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Houghton, Richard A.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [Myneni, Ranga B.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Tans, Pieter] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. RP Anderegg, WRL (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM anderegg@princeton.edu; pacala@princeton.edu RI Myneni, Ranga/F-5129-2012; OI Rabin, Sam/0000-0003-4095-1129 FU Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters; Carbon Mitigation Initiative at Princeton University; US National Science Foundation (NSF) MacroSystems Biology Grant Division of Environmental Biology [EF-1340270]; NSF RAPID [DEB-1249256]; NSF Early Concept Grants for Exploratory Research (EAGER) [1550932]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate and Global Change postdoctoral fellowship FX We thank Pekka Kauppi and the Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters, and the Carbon Mitigation Initiative at Princeton University for sponsoring the workshop that led to this paper. W.R.L.A. was supported, in part, by US National Science Foundation (NSF) MacroSystems Biology Grant Division of Environmental Biology EF-1340270, NSF RAPID Grant DEB-1249256, NSF Early Concept Grants for Exploratory Research (EAGER) Grant 1550932, and a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate and Global Change postdoctoral fellowship, administered by the University Corporation of Atmospheric Research. NR 65 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 51 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 22 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 51 BP 15591 EP 15596 DI 10.1073/pnas.1521479112 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ2DT UT WOS:000366916000037 PM 26644555 ER PT J AU Wada-Katsumata, A Zurek, L Nalyanya, G Roelofs, WL Zhang, AJ Schal, C AF Wada-Katsumata, Ayako Zurek, Ludek Nalyanya, Godfrey Roelofs, Wendell L. Zhang, Aijun Schal, Coby TI Gut bacteria mediate aggregation in the German cockroach SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE gut bacteria; aggregation; pheromone; cockroach; communication ID VOLATILE FATTY-ACIDS; BLATTELLA-GERMANICA; L DICTYOPTERA; SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA; PHEROMONE; INSECTS; MICROBIOME; ATTRACTANT; WOLBACHIA; MUTUALISM AB Aggregation of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica, is regulated by fecal aggregation agents (pheromones), including volatile carboxylic acids (VCAs). We demonstrate that the gut microbial community contributes to production of these semiochemicals. Chemical analysis of the fecal extract of B. germanica revealed 40 VCAs. Feces from axenic cockroaches (no microorganisms in the alimentary tract) lacked 12 major fecal VCAs, and 24 of the remaining compounds were represented at extremely low amounts. Olfactory and aggregation bioassays demonstrated that nymphs strongly preferred the extract of control feces over the fecal extract of axenic cockroaches. Additionally, nymphs preferred a synthetic blend of 6 fecal VCAs over a solvent control or a previously identified VCA blend. To test whether gut bacteria contribute to the production of fecal aggregation agents, fecal aerobic bacteria were cultured, isolated, and identified. Inoculation of axenic cockroaches with individual bacterial taxa significantly rescued the aggregation response to the fecal extract, and inoculationwith a mix of six bacterial isolates wasmore effective than with single isolates. The results indicate that the commensal gut microbiota contributes to production of VCAs that act as fecal aggregation agents and that cockroaches discriminate among the complex odors that emanate froma diverse microbial community. Our results highlight the pivotal role of gut bacteria in mediating insect- insect communication. Moreover, because the gut microbial community reflects the local environment, local plasticity in fecal aggregation pheromones enables colony-specific odors and fidelity to persistent aggregation sites. C1 [Wada-Katsumata, Ayako; Nalyanya, Godfrey; Schal, Coby] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wada-Katsumata, Ayako; Nalyanya, Godfrey; Schal, Coby] N Carolina State Univ, WM Keck Ctr Behav Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Zurek, Ludek] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Roelofs, Wendell L.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Roelofs, Wendell L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Zhang, Aijun] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr West, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wada-Katsumata, A (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM akatsum@ncsu.edu; coby@ncsu.edu RI Schal, Coby/A-8717-2010 OI Schal, Coby/0000-0001-7195-6358 FU US Department of Housing and Urban Development Healthy Homes Program [NCHHU0001-11, NCHHU0017-13]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation [2013-5-35 MBE]; National Science Foundation [IOS-1456973]; Blanton J. Whitmire endowment at North Carolina State University FX We thank Rick Santangelo for maintaining the insect colonies. This investigation was supported in part by US Department of Housing and Urban Development Healthy Homes Program Awards NCHHU0001-11 and NCHHU0017-13, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Award 2013-5-35 MBE, National Science Foundation Award IOS-1456973, and the Blanton J. Whitmire endowment at North Carolina State University. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 16 U2 53 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 22 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 51 BP 15678 EP 15683 DI 10.1073/pnas.1504031112 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ2DT UT WOS:000366916000051 PM 26644557 ER PT J AU Liu, HJ Niu, YC Gonzalez-Portilla, PJ Zhou, HK Wang, LY Zuo, T Qin, C Tai, SS Jansen, C Shen, Y Lin, HJ Lee, M Ware, D Zhang, ZM Lubberstedt, T Pan, GT AF Liu, Hongjun Niu, Yongchao Gonzalez-Portilla, Pedro J. Zhou, Huangkai Wang, Liya Zuo, Tao Qin, Cheng Tai, Shuaishuai Jansen, Constantin Shen, Yaou Lin, Haijian Lee, Michael Ware, Doreen Zhang, Zhiming Luebberstedt, Thomas Pan, Guangtang TI An ultra-high-density map as a community resource for discerning the genetic basis of quantitative traits in maize SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE IBM Syn10; Resequencing; iPlant Discovery Environment; Quantitative trait locus mapping; Inadvertent selection ID RECOMBINANT INBRED POPULATIONS; GENOME-WIDE PATTERNS; SEGREGATION DISTORTION; NATURAL VARIATION; IBM POPULATION; MAPPING POPULATION; FLOWERING-TIME; RICE; LOCI; DOMESTICATION AB Background: To safeguard the food supply for the growing human population, it is important to understand and exploit the genetic basis of quantitative traits. Next-generation sequencing technology performs advantageously and effectively in genetic mapping and genome analysis of diverse genetic resources. Hence, we combined re-sequencing technology and a bin map strategy to construct an ultra-high-density bin map with thousands of bin markers to precisely map a quantitative trait locus. Results: In this study, we generated a linkage map containing 1,151,856 high quality SNPs between Mo17 and B73, which were verified in the maize intermated B73 xMo17 (IBM) Syn10 population. This resource is an excellent complement to existing maize genetic maps available in an online database (iPlant, http://data.maizecode.org/maize/qtl/syn10/). Moreover, in this population combined with the IBM Syn4 RIL population, we detected 135 QTLs for flowering time and plant height traits across the two populations. Eighteen known functional genes and twenty-five candidate genes for flowering time and plant height trait were fine-mapped into a 2.21-4.96 Mb interval. Map expansion and segregation distortion were also analyzed, and evidence for inadvertent selection of early flowering time in the process of mapping population development was observed. Furthermore, an updated integrated map with 1,151,856 high-quality SNPs, 2,916 traditional markers and 6,618 bin markers was constructed. The data were deposited into the iPlant Discovery Environment (DE), which provides a fundamental resource of genetic data for the maize genetic research community. Conclusions: Our findings provide basic essential genetic data for the maize genetic research community. An updated IBM Syn10 population and a reliable, verified high-quality SNP set between Mo17 and B73 will aid in future molecular breeding efforts. C1 [Liu, Hongjun; Qin, Cheng; Shen, Yaou; Lin, Haijian; Zhang, Zhiming; Pan, Guangtang] Sichuan Agr Univ, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Maize Southwest, Minist Agr, Maize Res Inst, Chengdu 611130, Peoples R China. [Liu, Hongjun; Zhou, Huangkai; Tai, Shuaishuai] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Gonzalez-Portilla, Pedro J.; Jansen, Constantin; Lee, Michael; Luebberstedt, Thomas] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wang, Liya; Ware, Doreen] USDA ARS NAA, Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wang, Liya; Ware, Doreen] USDA ARS NAA, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zuo, Tao] Iowa State Univ, Interdept Genet Grad Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Zhang, ZM (reprint author), Sichuan Agr Univ, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Maize Southwest, Minist Agr, Maize Res Inst, Chengdu 611130, Peoples R China. EM zzmmaize@gmail.com; thomasl@iastate.edu; pangt@sicau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31271740]; Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) [2014CB138200]; National Hi-Tech program of China [2012AA10307]; Major Project of China on New varieties of GMO Cultivation [2014ZX08003-003] FX This work was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 31271740), the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2014CB138200), the National Hi-Tech program of China (grant no. 2012AA10307), and the Major Project of China on New varieties of GMO Cultivation (grant no. 2014ZX08003-003). NR 66 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 21 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 1078 DI 10.1186/s12864-015-2242-5 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CZ4GO UT WOS:000367061700001 PM 26691201 ER PT J AU Fricke, WF Song, Y Wang, AJ Smith, A Grinchuk, V Mongodin, E Pei, CL Ma, B Lu, NH Urban, JF Shea-Donohue, T Zhao, AP AF Fricke, W. Florian Song, Yang Wang, An-Jiang Smith, Allen Grinchuk, Viktoriya Mongodin, Emmanuel Pei, Chenlin Ma, Bing Lu, Nonghua Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Shea-Donohue, Terez Zhao, Aiping TI Type 2 immunity-dependent reduction of segmented filamentous bacteria in mice infected with the helminthic parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (vol 3, pg 40, 2015) SO MICROBIOME LA English DT Correction C1 [Fricke, W. Florian; Song, Yang; Mongodin, Emmanuel; Ma, Bing] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Fricke, W. Florian] Univ Hohenheim, Dept Nutrigen, Stuttgart, Germany. [Wang, An-Jiang; Grinchuk, Viktoriya; Pei, Chenlin; Shea-Donohue, Terez; Zhao, Aiping] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Wang, An-Jiang; Lu, Nonghua] Nanchang Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Nanchang, Peoples R China. [Smith, Allen; Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Fricke, WF (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM w.florian.fricke@uni-hohenheim.de NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2049-2618 J9 MICROBIOME JI Microbiome PD DEC 21 PY 2015 VL 3 AR 77 DI 10.1186/s40168-015-0142-1 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CZ4GF UT WOS:000367060800002 PM 26689820 ER PT J AU Burke, AF Leavengood, JM Zolnerowich, G AF Burke, Alan F. Leavengood, John M., Jr. Zolnerowich, Gregory TI A checklist of the New World species of Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae), with an illustrated key to genera and new country records SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Cleridae; Tillinae; Cymatodera; diversity; New World; North America; Central America; South America; the Caribbean Islands ID CHECKERED BEETLES COLEOPTERA; CYMATODERA GRAY; NATURAL-HISTORY; MEXICO COLEOPTERA; EPIPHLOEINAE COLEOPTERA; SOUTHERN MEXICO; CENTRAL-AMERICA; CLASSIFICATION; EVOLUTION; GENUS AB This checklist presents the distribution of the checkered beetle subfamily Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae) in the New World. Information for 164 species and 2 subspecies from 11 genera is included. The data are based on an extensive survey of material collected throughout the Americas, descriptions of new species, a number of revisionary works, data from museum specimens, as well as unpublished checklists. Cymatodera, the most speciose tilline genus in the New World, has its greatest diversity in Mexico where 100 of the 134 recognized species are known to occur. Remaining genera inhabiting the New World and corresponding species numbers are: Araeodontia, 5 species; Barrotillus, 1 species; Bogcia, 2 species; Bostrichoclerus, 1 species; Callotillus, 5 species; Cylidrus, 1 species; Cymatoderella, 3 species; Lecontella, 3 species; Monophylla, 4 species; and Onychotillus, 5 species. An illustrated key to the genera of the New World Tillinae is provided. Forty-eight new country records are given for 35 species. References are presented for all species listed. Distribution maps for all New World genera are provided and locality data is presented for selected species. C1 [Burke, Alan F.; Zolnerowich, Gregory] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Leavengood, John M., Jr.] USDA, APHIS PPQ, Pharr, TX 78577 USA. RP Burke, AF (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, 123 Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM burkea@k-state.edu FU KAES Hatch Project [353] FX The authors are thankful to all the individuals and institutions for the loan of material, to Justin Bartlett, Roland Gerstmeier and Weston Opitz for their valuable comments and suggestions that greatly improved this manuscript, and to Jacques Rifkind for his important contribution to species synonyms, and various new state and country records. This article is Contribution No. 16-122-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station (KAES) and was supported in part by KAES Hatch Project No. 353, Insect Systematics. NR 149 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 21 PY 2015 VL 4059 IS 1 BP 1 EP 39 PG 39 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CZ1EI UT WOS:000366848300001 PM 26701551 ER PT J AU Peng, J Ellingham, T Sabo, R Clemons, CM Turng, LS AF Peng, Jun Ellingham, Thomas Sabo, Ronald Clemons, Craig M. Turng, Lih-Sheng TI Oriented polyvinyl alcohol films using short cellulose nanofibrils as a reinforcement SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cellulose and other wood products; composites; mechanical properties; nanoparticles; nanowires and nanocrystals; X-ray ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FIBERS; NANOCOMPOSITES; COMPOSITES; CONCRETE; WHISKERS AB Short cellulose nanofibrils (SCNF) were investigated as a new kind of reinforcement for polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films. SCNF were mechanically isolated from hardwood pulp after enzymatic pretreatment. Various concentrations of SCNF were added to an aqueous PVA solution, which were cast into composite films and then hot drawn with various draw ratios at 200 degrees C. SCNF were effective in improving PVA film tensile properties (i.e., ultimate strength and elastic modulus), which depended on SCNF loading, PVA crystal orientation, and the draw ratio. For example, the ultimate strength and modulus of a composite film with a SCNF weight ratio of 3% and a draw ratio of 7.5 were nearly 46 and 61% higher than that of the neat PVA. The PVA crystal orientation increased when small amounts of SCNF were added but decreased as the SCNF content increased above about 6%, likely due to SCNF percolation resulting in network formation that inhibited alignment. Stress-induced crystallization during hot drawing increased the crystallinity of PVA in both the PVA and its composites. Cryogenic and tensile-fractured SEM images of PVA/SCNF composite films showed a uniform SCNF dispersion in the PVA matrix. Young's moduli of drawn composite films were predicted surprisingly well by the rule of mixtures except at intermediate levels of SCNF where the increased orientation of the matrix was not considered in the model. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Peng, Jun; Ellingham, Thomas; Turng, Lih-Sheng] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Polymer Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Peng, Jun; Ellingham, Thomas; Turng, Lih-Sheng] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Inst Discovery, Madison, WI 53715 USA. [Sabo, Ronald; Clemons, Craig M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Turng, LS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Polymer Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM turng@engr.wisc.edu OI Ellingham, Thomas/0000-0003-4063-0202 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Award [2011-67009-20056]; National Nature Science Foundation of China [51073601, 21174044]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2011ZZ0011]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2012M511791]; 973 Program [2012CB025902] FX This project was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Award (No. 2011-67009-20056). The authors would like to acknowledge Yan Qing and J. Y. Zhu for processing the short cellulose nanofibrils. Debby Sherman at Purdue University is kindly acknowledged for TEM imaging. The first author also wishes to acknowledge the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51073601, 21174044), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2011ZZ0011), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2012M511791), and the 973 Program (2012CB025902) for their financial support. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 70 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8995 EI 1097-4628 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 132 IS 48 AR 42283 DI 10.1002/APP.42283 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA CT3XS UT WOS:000362740800001 ER PT J AU Zhu, H Wang, DL Guo, QF Liu, J Wang, L AF Zhu, Hui Wang, Deli Guo, Qinfeng Liu, Jun Wang, Ling TI Interactive effects of large herbivores and plant diversity on insect abundance in a meadow steppe in China SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Grassland; Large herbivore grazing; Insect abundance; Plant Shannon-Wiener index; Order- and species-level ID GRASSLAND ARTHROPOD DIVERSITY; GRAZING INTENSITY; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; WITHIN-PATCH; CONSERVATION; COMMUNITIES; VEGETATION; MANAGEMENT; PRODUCTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY AB The structure and dynamics of insect community in grasslands can be influenced by grazing management via altered characteristics of plant community. However, attempts to better understand the complex relationships among plants, insects, and large herbivores is still hampered largely by the interactive effects of plants, insects, and large grazers on each other. In this study, we test the hypothesis that the effect of large herbivores on insect abundance is grazer species-specific and pre-grazing plant diversity-dependent using an experiment with manipulating four grazing treatments (i.e., control, cattle, goats, and sheep) at low, intermediate, and high plant diversity levels in a meadow steppe at northeast in China. We show that grazing significantly increased the abundance of the entire insect community. The abundance of each insect order responded differently to grazing treatments, with higher abundance of Orthoptera and Homoptera under sheep grazing, enhanced abundance of Coleoptera and Diptera under cattle grazing, and reduced Hemiptera abundance, but greater abundance of Lepidoptera under goats grazing. Thus different treatments profoundly changed insect taxonomic composition. The six most dominant species (Euchorthippus unicolor, Aelia nasuta, Trigonotylus ruficornis, Curculionidae sp., Coccinula quatuordecimpustulata, and Cicadellidae sp.) responded differently to grazing by large herbivores, with either increased or decreased its abundance. The effects of grazing on insect abundance were driven by their differential responsive mechanisms for vegetation. More importantly, the effects of grazing on insect abundance at both order- and species-levels potentially depended on plant diversity levels of pre-grazing. Our results suggest that different herbivore species should be used in the background of different plant communities for better conservation of insect community in managed grassland. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Hui; Wang, Deli; Liu, Jun; Wang, Ling] NE Normal Univ, Inst Grassland Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Ecol, Minist Educ, Changchun 130024, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Hui] NE Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Changchun 130024, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Hui] NE Normal Univ, Jilin Prov Key Lab Anim Resource Conservat & Util, Changchun 130024, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Guo, Qinfeng] USDA FS, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Wang, DL (reprint author), NE Normal Univ, Inst Grassland Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Ecol, Minist Educ, Changchun 130024, Jilin, Peoples R China. EM wangd@nenu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31230012, 31400345]; State Agricultural Commonweal Project [201003019]; State Science & Technology Special Fund [2012FY111900-3]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2015M571350] FX We greatly thank Bingzhong Ren and Wentao Gao for the identification of insect species; Yuanyuan Peng, Shengping Li, and Jushan Liu for assistances in the field and lab. This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31230012 and 31400345), the State Agricultural Commonweal Project (No. 201003019), the State Science & Technology Special Fund (No. 2012FY111900-3), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M571350). NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 11 U2 116 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 212 BP 245 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2015.07.008 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CR3VL UT WOS:000361261100022 ER PT J AU Postnikova, OA Shao, J Mock, NM Baker, CJ Nemchinov, LG AF Postnikova, Olga A. Shao, Jonathan Mock, Norton M. Baker, Con J. Nemchinov, Lev G. TI Gene Expression Profiling in Viable but Nonculturable (VBNC) Cells of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE VBNC; plant pathogenic bacteria; P syringae pv. synngae; RNA-seq; global gene expression profiling ID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORS; HISTIDINE KINASES; GENOME SEQUENCE; TOMATO DC3000; LIFE-HISTORY; BACTERIA; SYSTEM AB Pseudomonas syringae infects diverse crop plants and comprises at least 50 different pathovar strains with different host ranges. More information on the physiological and molecular effects of the host inhibitory environment on the pathogen is needed to develop resistant cultivars. Recently, we reported an in vitro model system that mimics the redox pulse associated with the oxidative burst in plant cells inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. Using this system, we demonstrated that oxidation of acetosyringone, a major extracellular phenolic compound induced in some plants in response to bacteria, rendered Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae to a "viable but nonculturable" (VBNC) state. Here we performed a large scale transcriptome profiling of P s. pv syringae in the VBNC state induced by acetosyringone treatment and identified bacterial genes and pathways presumably associated with this condition. The findings offer insight into what events occur when bacterial pathogens are first encountered and host defense responses are triggered. The acquired knowledge will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of stress tolerance. We believe that this is the first work on global gene expression profiling of VBNC cells in plant pathogenic bacteria. C1 [Postnikova, Olga A.; Shao, Jonathan; Mock, Norton M.; Baker, Con J.; Nemchinov, Lev G.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Nemchinov, LG (reprint author), ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lev.nemchinov@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. We thank Dr. Gary R. Bauchan, Director of the BARC Electron & Confocal Microscopy Unit, for his help with confocal microscopy. NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 29 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD DEC 18 PY 2015 VL 6 AR 1419 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01419 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CZ3FP UT WOS:000366990100001 PM 26733964 ER PT J AU King, AC Salvo, D Banda, JA Ahn, DK Gill, TM Miller, M Newman, AB Fielding, RA Siordia, C Moore, S Folta, S Spring, B Manini, T Pahor, M AF King, Abby C. Salvo, Deborah Banda, Jorge A. Ahn, David K. Gill, Thomas M. Miller, Michael Newman, Anne B. Fielding, Roger A. Siordia, Carlos Moore, Spencer Folta, Sara Spring, Bonnie Manini, Todd Pahor, Marco CA LIFE Study Invest TI An observational study identifying obese subgroups among older adults at increased risk of mobility disability: do perceptions of the neighborhood environment matter? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Aging; Perceived environment; Neighborhood; Mobility; Disability; Residential density; Race/ethnicity; Homophily; Recursive partitioning ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY INTERVENTION; SIGNAL-DETECTION METHODOLOGY; ACTIVITY COUNSELING TRIAL; LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTIONS; LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION; SUBSEQUENT DISABILITY; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; COMMUNITY DESIGN; MORTALITY; AGE AB Background: Obesity is an increasingly prevalent condition among older adults, yet relatively little is known about how built environment variables may be associated with obesity in older age groups. This is particularly the case for more vulnerable older adults already showing functional limitations associated with subsequent disability. Methods: The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) trial dataset (n = 1600) was used to explore the associations between perceived built environment variables and baseline obesity levels. Age-stratified recursive partitioning methods were applied to identify distinct subgroups with varying obesity prevalence. Results: Among participants aged 70-78 years, four distinct subgroups, defined by combinations of perceived environment and race-ethnicity variables, were identified. The subgroups with the lowest obesity prevalence (45.5-59.4 %) consisted of participants who reported living in neighborhoods with higher residential density. Among participants aged 79-89 years, the subgroup (of three distinct subgroups identified) with the lowest obesity prevalence (19.4 %) consisted of non-African American/Black participants who reported living in neighborhoods with friends or acquaintances similar in demographic characteristics to themselves. Overall support for the partitioned subgroupings was obtained using mixed model regression analysis. Conclusions: The results suggest that, in combination with race/ethnicity, features of the perceived neighborhood built and social environments differentiated distinct groups of vulnerable older adults from different age strata that differed in obesity prevalence. Pending further verification, the results may help to inform subsequent targeting of such subgroups for further investigation. C1 [King, Abby C.] Stanford Univ, Hlth Res & Policy & Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Dept Med, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Salvo, Deborah; Banda, Jorge A.; Ahn, David K.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Dept Med, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Salvo, Deborah] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Michael & Susan Dell Ctr Healthy Living, Sch Publ Hlth, Austin, TX USA. [Gill, Thomas M.] Yale Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. [Miller, Michael] Lake Forest Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Newman, Anne B.; Siordia, Carlos] Univ Pittsburgh, Healthy Aging Res Program, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Fielding, Roger A.; Folta, Sara] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Moore, Spencer] Univ S Carolina, Hlth Promot Educ & Behav, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Spring, Bonnie] Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Manini, Todd; Pahor, Marco] Univ Florida, Dept Aging & Geriatr Res, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP King, AC (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Hlth Res & Policy & Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Dept Med, Sch Med, 259 Campus Dr,HRP Redwood Bldg,Room T221, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM king@stanford.edu RI Buford, Thomas /B-1111-2011 OI Buford, Thomas /0000-0002-9541-4358 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute on Aging [U01 AG22376]; Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Academic Leadership Award from the National Institute on Aging [K07AG043587]; Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Centers at the University of Florida [1 P30 AG028740]; Wake Forest University [1 P30 AG21332]; Tufts University [1P30AG031679]; University of Pittsburgh [P30 AG024827]; Yale University [P30AG021342]; NIH/NCRR CTSA at Stanford University [UL1 RR025744]; NIH/NCRR CTSA at University of Florida [U54RR025208]; NIH/NCRR CTSA at Yale University [UL1 TR000142]; Boston Rehabilitation Outcomes Center [1R24HD065688-01A1]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Study is funded by a National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute on Aging Cooperative Agreement (U01 AG22376), a supplement from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (3U01AG022376-05A2S), and is sponsored in part by the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH. Dr. Gill is the recipient of an Academic Leadership Award (K07AG043587) from the National Institute on Aging. The research is partially supported by the Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Centers at the University of Florida (1 P30 AG028740), Wake Forest University (1 P30 AG21332), Tufts University (1P30AG031679), University of Pittsburgh (P30 AG024827), and Yale University (P30AG021342) and the NIH/NCRR CTSA at Stanford University (UL1 RR025744), at University of Florida (U54RR025208), and at Yale University (UL1 TR000142). Tufts University investigators are also supported by the Boston Rehabilitation Outcomes Center (1R24HD065688-01A1), and Dr. Fielding is supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 22 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1479-5868 J9 INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY JI Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. PD DEC 18 PY 2015 VL 12 AR 157 DI 10.1186/s12966-015-0322-1 PG 19 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology GA CZ0TX UT WOS:000366820000001 PM 26684894 ER PT J AU Portilla, M Snodgrass, G Streett, D Luttrell, R AF Portilla, M. Snodgrass, G. Streett, D. Luttrell, R. TI Demographic Parameters of Nezara viridula (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Reared on Two Diets Developed for Lygus spp. SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Nezara viridula; demographic parameter; Lygus diet; rearing; life tables ID GREEN STINK BUG; HEMIPTERA-PENTATOMIDAE; MATING-BEHAVIOR; L.; FECUNDITY; ANTENNATA; SURVIVAL; HESPERUS; BIOLOGY; PLANTS AB Two artificial diets developed for rearing Lygus spp., a fresh yolk chicken egg based-diet (FYD) and a dry yolk chicken egg based-diet (DYD), were evaluated as an alternative food source for rearing the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Survival to adult was 97.3 and 74.67%, respectively, on the fresh and dry yolk diets. Insects fed FYD had 100% survival of nymphs from first through fourth instars. Adult development was significantly shorter on FYD (30.37 +/- SE 0.30 d) as compared with DYD (32.77 +/- SE 0.16 d). Increased male and female longevity, higher fecundity, and larger egg mass sizes were also observed with N. viridula-fed FYD. However, fertility and hatchability was higher on DYD. A complete cohort life table was constructed to describe the development of N. viridula on both diets. C1 [Portilla, M.; Snodgrass, G.; Luttrell, R.] USDA ARS, Southern Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Streett, D.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Portilla, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southern Insect Management Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd,POB 346, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM maribel.portilla@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1536-2442 EI 2250-2645 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD DEC 18 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 165 DI 10.1093/jisesa/iev144 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CZ1GA UT WOS:000366852700001 ER PT J AU Wen, J Zhao, XW Wu, GR Xiang, D Liu, Q Bu, SH Yi, C Song, QJ Dunwell, JM Tu, JX Zhang, TZ Zhang, YM AF Wen, Jia Zhao, Xinwang Wu, Guorong Xiang, Dan Liu, Qing Bu, Su-Hong Yi, Can Song, Qijian Dunwell, Jim M. Tu, Jinxing Zhang, Tianzhen Zhang, Yuan-Ming TI Genetic dissection of heterosis using epistatic association mapping in a partial NCII mating design SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ELITE RICE HYBRID; NEAR-ISOGENIC LINES; COMBINING ABILITY; YIELD COMPONENTS; BAYESIAN LASSO; INBREEDING DEPRESSION; TESTCROSS PROGENIES; MOLECULAR MARKERS; INBRED LINES AB Heterosis refers to the phenomenon in which an F-1 hybrid exhibits enhanced growth or agronomic performance. However, previous theoretical studies on heterosis have been based on bi-parental segregating populations instead of F-1 hybrids. To understand the genetic basis of heterosis, here we used a subset of F-1 hybrids, named a partial North Carolina II design, to perform association mapping for dependent variables: original trait value, general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) and mid-parental heterosis (MPH). Our models jointly fitted all the additive, dominance and epistatic effects. The analyses resulted in several important findings: 1) Main components are additive and additive-by-additive effects for GCA and dominance-related effects for SCA and MPH, and additive-by-dominant effect for MPH was partly identified as additive effect; 2) the ranking of factors affecting heterosis was dominance > dominance-by-dominance > over-dominance > complete dominance; and 3) increasing the proportion of F-1 hybrids in the population could significantly increase the power to detect dominance-related effects, and slightly reduce the power to detect additive and additive-by-additive effects. Analyses of cotton and rapeseed datasets showed that more additive-by-additive QTL were detected from GCA than from trait phenotype, and fewer QTL were from MPH than from other dependent variables. C1 [Wen, Jia; Zhao, Xinwang; Tu, Jinxing; Zhang, Yuan-Ming] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jia; Wu, Guorong; Xiang, Dan; Liu, Qing; Bu, Su-Hong; Yi, Can; Zhang, Tianzhen] Nanjing Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Song, Qijian] ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Dunwell, Jim M.] Univ Reading, Sch Agr Policy & Dev, Reading RG6 6AS, Berks, England. RP Zhang, YM (reprint author), Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. EM soyzhang@mail.hzau.edu.cn OI Zhang, Yuan-Ming/0000-0003-2317-2190; Dunwell, Jim/0000-0003-2147-665X FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31571268]; Huazhong Agricultural University Scientific & Technological Self-innovation Foundation [2014RC020] FX We thank Dr. Nengjun Yi, Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, for improving this manuscript in language, and Dr. Huang Anhui, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, for providing a new version of EBLASSO software. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 31571268), and Huazhong Agricultural University Scientific & Technological Self-innovation Foundation (Program No. 2014RC020). NR 53 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 16 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD DEC 17 PY 2015 VL 5 AR 18376 DI 10.1038/srep18376 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DM2ND UT WOS:000376182600001 PM 26679476 ER PT J AU Howe, GT Horvath, DP Dharmawardhana, P Priest, HD Mockler, TC Strauss, SH AF Howe, Glenn T. Horvath, David P. Dharmawardhana, Palitha Priest, Henry D. Mockler, Todd C. Strauss, Steven H. TI Extensive Transcriptome Changes During Natural Onset and Release of Vegetative Bud Dormancy in Populus SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chromatin; ecodormancy; endodormancy; gene expression; paradormancy; phytohormone; transcription factor; QTL ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; GENOME-WIDE IDENTIFICATION; MADS-BOX GENES; HYBRID ASPEN; LOW-TEMPERATURE; COLD-ACCLIMATION; FLOWERING-TIME; LEAFY SPURGE; PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL; EXPRESSION PATTERNS AB To survive winter, many perennial plants become endodormant, a state of suspended growth maintained even in favorable growing environments. To understand vegetative bud endodormancy, we collected paradormant, endodormant, and ecodormant axillary buds from Populus trees growing under natural conditions. Of 44,441 Populus gene models analyzed using NimbleGen microarrays, we found that 1,362 (3.1%) were differentially expressed among the three dormancy states, and 429 (1.0%) were differentially expressed during only one of the two dormancy transitions (FDR p-value < 0.05). Of all differentially expressed genes, 69% were down-regulated from paradormancy to endodormancy, which was expected given the lower metabolic activity associated with endodormancy. Dormancy transitions were accompanied by changes in genes associated with DNA methylation (via RNA directed DNA methylation) and histone modifications (via Polycomb Repressive Complex 2), confirming and extending knowledge of chromatin modifications as major features of dormancy transitions. Among the chromatin associated genes, two genes similar to SPT (SUPPRESSOR OF TY) were strongly up-regulated during endodormancy. Transcription factor genes and gene sets that were atypically up-regulated during endodormancy include a gene that seems to encode a trihelix transcription factor and genes associated with proteins involved in responses to ethylene, cold, and other abiotic stresses. These latter transcription factors include ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3 (EIN3), ETHYLENE-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN (EBP), ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF), ZINC FINGER PROTEIN 10 (ZAT10), ZAT12, and WRKY DNA-binding domain proteins. Analyses of phytohormone-associated genes suggest important changes in responses to ethylene, auxin, and brassinosteroids occur during endodormancy. We found weaker evidence for changes in genes associated with salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, and little evidence for important changes in genes associated with gibberellins, abscisic acid, and cytokinin. We identified 315 upstream sequence motifs associated with eight patterns of gene expression, including novel motifs and motifs associated with the circadian clock and responses to photoperiod, cold, dehydration, and ABA. Analogies between flowering and endodormancy suggest important roles for genes similar to SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL). DORMANCY ASSOCIATED MADS-BOX (DAM), and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1). C1 [Howe, Glenn T.; Dharmawardhana, Palitha; Strauss, Steven H.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Horvath, David P.] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND USA. [Dharmawardhana, Palitha; Mockler, Todd C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Priest, Henry D.; Mockler, Todd C.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Priest, Henry D.] Washington Univ, Div Biol & Biomed Sci, St Louis, MO USA. RP Strauss, SH (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM steve.strauss@oregonstate.edu RI Mockler, Todd/L-2609-2013 OI Mockler, Todd/0000-0002-0462-5775 NR 147 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 22 U2 65 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD DEC 17 PY 2015 VL 6 AR 989 DI 10.3389/fpls.2015.00989 PG 28 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CZ2AS UT WOS:000366908000001 PM 26734012 ER PT J AU Yin, J Chang, XX Kasuga, T Bui, M Reid, MS Jiang, CZ AF Yin, Jing Chang, Xiaoxiao Kasuga, Takao Bui, Mai Reid, Michael S. Jiang, Cai-Zhong TI A basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, PhFBH4, regulates flower senescence by modulating ethylene biosynthesis pathway in petunia SO HORTICULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FACTOR FAMILY; GENOME-WIDE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PETAL SENESCENCE; ABSCISIC-ACID; BHLH PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; GIBBERELLIN; GENES; FRUIT AB The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in regulating multiple biological processes in plants. However, there are few reports about the function of bHLHs in flower senescence. In this study, a bHLH TF, PhFBH4, was found to be dramatically upregulated during flower senescence. Transcription of PhFBH4 is induced by plant hormones and abiotic stress treatments. Silencing of PhFBH4 using virus-induced gene silencing or an antisense approach extended flower longevity, while transgenic petunia flowers with an overexpression construct showed a reduction in flower lifespan. Abundance of transcripts of senescence-related genes (SAG12, SAG29) was significantly changed in petunia PhFBH4 transgenic flowers. Furthermore, silencing or overexpression of PhFBH4 reduced or increased, respectively, transcript abundances of important ethylene biosynthesis-related genes, ACS1 and ACO1, thereby influencing ethylene production. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that the PhFBH4 protein physically interacted with the G-box cis-element in the promoter of ACS1, suggesting that ACS1 was a direct target of the PhFBH4 protein. In addition, ectopic expression of this gene altered plant development including plant height, internode length, and size of leaves and flowers, accompanied by alteration of transcript abundance of the gibberellin biosynthesis-related gene GA2OX3. Our results indicate that PhFBH4 plays an important role in regulating plant growth and development through modulating the ethylene biosynthesis pathway. C1 [Yin, Jing] China Agr Univ, Dept Ornamental Hort, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Yin, Jing; Chang, Xiaoxiao; Reid, Michael S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Chang, Xiaoxiao] Northwest A&F Univ, Dept Hort, Yangling, Shanxi, Peoples R China. [Kasuga, Takao; Bui, Mai; Jiang, Cai-Zhong] USDA, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Agr Res Serv, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Jiang, CZ (reprint author), USDA, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Agr Res Serv, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cjiang@ucdavis.edu NR 55 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2052-7276 J9 HORTIC RES-ENGLAND JI Hortic. Res.-England PD DEC 16 PY 2015 VL 2 AR 15059 DI 10.1038/hortres.2015.59 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA CZ6CE UT WOS:000367187900001 PM 26715989 ER PT J AU Zhang, XY Crippen, TL Coates, CJ Wood, TK Tomberlin, JK AF Zhang, Xinyang Crippen, Tawni L. Coates, Craig J. Wood, Thomas K. Tomberlin, Jeffery K. TI Effect of Quorum Sensing by Staphylococcus epidermidis on the Attraction Response of Female Adult Yellow Fever Mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae), to a Blood-Feeding Source SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TO-CELL COMMUNICATION; HUMAN SKIN EMANATIONS; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; MALARIA MOSQUITO; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; PROTEUS-MIRABILIS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; HOST-SEEKING; BACTERIA; MICROBIOTA AB Aedes aegypti, the principal vector of yellow fever and dengue fever, is responsible for more than 30,000 deaths annually. Compounds such as carbon dioxide, amino acids, fatty acids and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been widely studied for their role in attracting Ae. aegypti to hosts. Many VOCs from humans are produced by associated skin microbiota. Staphyloccocus epidermidis, although not the most abundant bacteria according to surveys of relative 16S ribosomal RNA abundance, commonly occurs on human skin. Bacteria demonstrate population level decision-making through quorum sensing. Many quorum sensing molecules, such as indole, volatilize and become part of the host odor plum. To date, no one has directly demonstrated the link between quorum sensing (i.e., decision-making) by bacteria associated with a host as a factor regulating arthropod vector attraction. This study examined this specific question with regards to S. epidermidis and Ae. aegypti. Pairwise tests were conducted to examine the response of female Ae. aegypti to combinations of tryptic soy broth (TSB) and S. epidermidis wildtype and agr-strains. The agr gene expresses an accessory gene regulator for quorum sensing; therefore, removing this gene inhibits quorum sensing of the bacteria. Differential attractiveness of mosquitoes to the wildtype and agr-strains was observed. Both wildtype and the agr-strain of S. epidermidis with TSB were marginally more attractive to Ae. aegypti than the TSB alone. Most interestingly, the blood-feeder treated with wildtype S. epidermidis/TSB attracted 74% of Ae. aegypti compared to the agr-strain of S. epidermidis/TSB (P <= 0.0001). This study is the first to suggest a role for interkingdom communication between host symbiotic bacteria and mosquitoes. This may have implications for mosquito decision-making with regards to host detection, location and acceptance. We speculate that mosquitoes "eavesdrop" on the chemical discussions occurring between host-associated microbes to determine suitability for blood feeding. We believe these data suggest that manipulating quorum sensing by bacteria could serve as a novel approach for reducing mosquito attraction to hosts, or possibly enhancing the trapping of adults at favored oviposition sites. C1 [Zhang, Xinyang; Coates, Craig J.; Tomberlin, Jeffery K.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zhang, Xinyang] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. [Crippen, Tawni L.] Texas A&M Univ, USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wood, Thomas K.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, State Coll, PA 16802 USA. RP Zhang, XY (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM zxy1385@gmail.com; jktomberlin@tamu.edu FU Department of Entomology and AgriLife Research, Texas AM University FX The authors wish to thank the support from Department of Entomology and AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University for this research. This work was completed in partial fulfillment of a MS degree to XZ. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 16 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0143950 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0143950 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CY9JH UT WOS:000366722700018 PM 26674802 ER PT J AU Winkler-Moser, JK Singh, M Rennick, KA Bakota, EL Jham, G Liu, SX Vaughn, SF AF Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Singh, Mukti Rennick, Kathy A. Bakota, Erica L. Jham, Gulab Liu, Sean X. Vaughn, Steven F. TI Detection of Corn Adulteration in Brazilian Coffee (Coffea arabica) by Tocopherol Profiling and Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE coffee; Coffea arabica; adulteration; tocopherol; near-infrared spectroscopy ID IONIZATION-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ROASTED COFFEE; 4 HOMOLOGS; QUANTIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; HUSKS; GAMMA; OILS; AUTHENTICATION; CHEMOMETRICS AB Coffee is a high-value commodity that is a target for adulteration, leading to loss of quality and causing significant loss to consumers. Therefore, there is significant interest in developing methods for detecting coffee adulteration and improving the sensitivity and accuracy of these methods. Corn and other lower value crops are potential adulterants, along with sticks and coffee husks. Fourteen pure Brazilian roasted, ground coffee bean samples were adulterated with 1-20% of roasted, ground corn and were analyzed for their tocopherol content and profile by HPLC. They were also analyzed by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Both proposed methods of detection of corn adulteration displayed a sensitivity of around 5%, thus representing simple and fast analytical methods for detecting adulteration at likely levels of contamination. Further studies should be conducted to verify the results with a much larger sample size and additional types of adulterants. C1 [Winkler-Moser, Jill K.; Singh, Mukti; Rennick, Kathy A.; Bakota, Erica L.; Liu, Sean X.; Vaughn, Steven F.] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Jham, Gulab] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Fitopatol, BR-36570 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP Winkler-Moser, JK (reprint author), ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Jill.Moser@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 16 PY 2015 VL 63 IS 49 BP 10662 EP 10668 DI 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04777 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA CZ1OC UT WOS:000366874200009 PM 26600312 ER PT J AU Guttieri, MJ Seabourn, BW Liu, CX Baenziger, PS Waters, BM AF Guttieri, Mary J. Seabourn, Bradford W. Liu, Caixia Baenziger, P. Stephen Waters, Brian M. TI Distribution of Cadmium, Iron, and Zinc in Millstreams of Hard Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); cadmium; iron; zinc; milling ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; GRAIN; FLOUR; FRACTIONS; MINERALS AB Hard winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major crop in the Great Plains of the United States, and our previous work demonstrated that wheat genotypes vary for grain cadmium accumulation with some exceeding the CODEX standard (0.2 mg kg(-1)). Previous reports of cadmium distribution in flour milling fractions have not included high cadmium grain. This study measured the distribution of cadmium, zinc, and iron in flour and bran streams from high cadmium (0.352 mg kg(-1)) grain on a pilot mill that produced 12 flour and four bran streams. Recovery in flour was substantially greater for cadmium (50%) than for zinc (31%) or iron (22%). Cadmium, zinc, and iron in the lowest mineral concentration flour stream, representing the purest endosperm fraction, were 52, 22, and 11%, respectively, of initial grain concentration. Our results indicate that, relative to zinc and iron, a greater proportion of cadmium is stored in the endosperm, the source of white flour. C1 [Guttieri, Mary J.; Liu, Caixia; Baenziger, P. Stephen; Waters, Brian M.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Seabourn, Bradford W.] ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Qual Lab, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Guttieri, MJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, 279 Plant Sci Hall,1875 N 38th St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM mgttri@gmail.com RI Waters, Brian/H-4805-2015 OI Waters, Brian/0000-0002-1422-238X FU USDA-NIFA Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project [2011-68002-30029]; USDA-AFRI NIFA Fellowship [2015-67012-22774] FX This research was supported by the USDA-NIFA Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project, 2011-68002-30029 and USDA-AFRI NIFA Fellowship Grant Number 2015-67012-22774. We are grateful for the cooperation of Dr. Javier Seravalli and the University of Nebraska Redox Biology Center Proteomics and Metabolomics Core for the ICP-MS analyses. We also thank Dr. Jeff Gwirtz and JAG Services Inc. (Manhattan, KS) for setup and performance optimization of the tandem Buhler mill. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 16 PY 2015 VL 63 IS 49 BP 10681 EP 10688 DI 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04337 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA CZ1OC UT WOS:000366874200011 PM 26568286 ER PT J AU Badau, F AF Badau, Flavius TI Ranking trade resistance variables using data envelopment analysis SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DEA; Trade barriers; Production; Efficiency; Capacity utilization ID EFFICIENCY; CAPACITY AB In the context of Justus von Liebig's Law of the Minimum, this study assesses the impacts that trade barriers have on trade resistance between United States (U.S.) manufacturing industries and their trade partners. An undesirable trade resistance model is presented, where trade barriers are (undesirable) inputs into the production of the (undesirable) output, trade resistance. It is then presented how Johansen's notion of Capacity is utilized to assess trade barriers' impacts. Estimation takes place by employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Results suggest that U.S. trade partners' port logistics are the most limiting trade barrier for the U.S. manufacturing industries, followed by the distance between the U.S. and its trade partners, the tariff imposed by the U.S., and the tariff imposed by the trading partner. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA, Econ Res Serv, Markets & Trade Econ Div, Agr Policy & Models Branch, Washington, DC 20005 USA. RP Badau, F (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Markets & Trade Econ Div, Agr Policy & Models Branch, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM FLAVIUS.BADAU@ers.usda.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-2217 EI 1872-6860 J9 EUR J OPER RES JI Eur. J. Oper. Res. PD DEC 16 PY 2015 VL 247 IS 3 BP 978 EP 986 DI 10.1016/j.ejor.2015.05.062 PG 9 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA CR5VK UT WOS:000361412300028 ER PT J AU Green, MB Laursen, BK Campbell, JL McGuire, KJ Kelsey, EP AF Green, Mark B. Laursen, Bethany K. Campbell, John L. McGuire, Kevin J. Kelsey, Eric P. TI Stable water isotopes suggest sub-canopy water recycling in a northern forested catchment SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE water isotopes; deuterium excess; temperate forest; water recycling; evaporation; transpiration; Hubbard Brook ID PARTITIONING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FLUXES; SMALL HEADWATER CATCHMENT; BROOK EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; DEUTERIUM EXCESS; HARDWOOD FOREST; HUBBARD-BROOK; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; STORM RUNOFF; HYDROGRAPH SEPARATION; PLANT TRANSPIRATION AB Stable water isotopes provide a means of tracing many hydrologic processes, including poorly understood dynamics like soil water interactions with the atmosphere. We present a four-year dataset of biweekly water isotope samples from eight fluxes and stores in a headwater catchment at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA. We use Dansgaard's deuterium excess (d) parameter to infer hydrologic processes that cause stable water isotope fractionation. Although we expected to observe a decrease in d from precipitation to soil water because of evaporation, instead we observed an increase, which suggests sub-canopy water vapour recycling (evapotranspiration and then re-condensation). However, the underlying mechanisms and spatial dynamics remain uncertain. The apparent recycling is most evident in the growing season; weak evidence suggests a similar process in the dormant season. Sub-canopy water recycling is a novel hydrologic process that should have implications for micro-meteorology and habitat provided by the forest sub-canopy environment. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Green, Mark B.; Kelsey, Eric P.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA. [Green, Mark B.; Campbell, John L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Laursen, Bethany K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [McGuire, Kevin J.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Water Resources Res Ctr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [McGuire, Kevin J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Kelsey, Eric P.] Plymouth State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci & Chem, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA. [Kelsey, Eric P.] Mt Washington Observ, North Conway, NH 03860 USA. RP Green, MB (reprint author), Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA. EM mbgreen@plymouth.edu RI McGuire, Kevin/E-7770-2010; OI McGuire, Kevin/0000-0001-5751-3956; Green, Mark/0000-0002-7415-7209; Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696 FU Plymouth State University Development Fund; US Forest Service, Northern Research Station; National Science Foundation FX We thank John Bennink and Tammy Wooster for collecting water samples, Kristin Brandt for isotopic analyses, John Stanovick for help with statistical analyses, and Amey Bailey for help with analysis of ancillary data from the HBEF. Early versions of this manuscript were greatly improved by the comments from Devenra Amatya, Heidi Asbjornsen, and two anonymous reviewers. The Plymouth State University Development Fund and US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, provided funding for this research. This manuscript is a contribution of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study. Hubbard Brook is part of the Long-Term Ecological Research network, which is supported by the National Science Foundation. The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA. The authors declare no conflict of interest. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 29 IS 25 SI SI BP 5193 EP 5202 DI 10.1002/hyp.10706 PG 10 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA DB1OJ UT WOS:000368277500005 ER PT J AU Baker, BH Kroger, R Brooks, JP Smith, RK Czarnecki, JMP AF Baker, Beth H. Kroeger, Robert Brooks, John P. Smith, Renotta K. Czarnecki, Joby M. Prince TI Investigation of denitrifying microbial communities within an agricultural drainage system fitted with low-grade weirs SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Nutrient reduction; Microbial ecology; Denitrification; Best management practice ID NITROUS-OXIDE REDUCTASE; REAL-TIME PCR; DENITRIFICATION RATES; CONSTRUCTED WETLAND; NITRIC-OXIDE; NOSZ GENES; SOILS; NIRK; DIVERSITY; BACTERIA AB Enhancing wetland characteristics in agricultural drainage ditches with the use of low-grade weirs, has been identified as a best management practice (BMP) to mitigate nutrient runoff from agriculture landscapes. A major objective of utilizing low-grade weirs as a BMP includes fostering environments suitable for the biogeochemical removal of nitrogen via denitrification. This study examined the spatial resolution of microbial communities involved in denitrification in agricultural drainage systems fitted with low-grade weirs. Appropriate sampling scales of microbial communities were investigated using 16S rRNA and denitrification functional genes nosZ, nirS, and nirK via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Genes 16S rRNA, nosZ, and nirS were all successfully detected in soil samples, while nirK was below the detection limit throughout the study. Utilizing a combination of three sampling regimes (management, reach, catchment) was found to be effective in capturing microbial community patterns, as ANOVA results revealed nosZ gene abundance was significantly greater at the management rather than reach scale (p = 0.045; F = 3.311), although, no significant differences were observed in 16S rRNA or nirS between sampling scales (p > 0.05). A Pearson correlation matrix confirmed that 16S rRNA and nosZ gene abundances were positively correlated with soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and moisture, while nirS abundance was only positively correlated with soil C and soil moisture. This highlights the potential for wetland-like characteristics to be recovered in agricultural drainage systems, as weir proximity is observed to enhance soil moisture and conditions for N remediation. This study provides the basis for additional investigations of these unique environments in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley and a starting point for adaptive management to enhance agricultural drainage systems for microbial communities towards nutrient remediation goals. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Baker, Beth H.; Kroeger, Robert; Czarnecki, Joby M. Prince] Dept Wild Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Brooks, John P.; Smith, Renotta K.] ARS, USDA, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Baker, BH (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Water Qual Lab, Thompson Hall 253, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM beth.baker@msstate.edu RI Prince Czarnecki, Joby/N-7859-2013 OI Prince Czarnecki, Joby/0000-0001-6810-8227 FU Mississippi Agricultural Forestry and Experiment Station; Forest and Wildlife Research Center FX The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the College of Forest Resources at Mississippi State University, Delta F.A.R.M., and study location land owners. Authors would also like to thank the Mississippi Agricultural Forestry and Experiment Station, and Forest and Wildlife Research Center for support. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 55 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 87 BP 193 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2015.09.028 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CZ9JD UT WOS:000367413000022 PM 26414296 ER PT J AU Gruber, A Crow, W Dorigo, W Wagner, W AF Gruber, Alexander Crow, Wade Dorigo, Wouter Wagner, Wolfgang TI The potential of 2D Kalman filtering for soil moisture data assimilation SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil moisture; Data assimilation; Kalman filter; Triple collocation; ASCAT ID LAND DATA ASSIMILATION; ERROR CHARACTERIZATION; TRIPLE COLLOCATION; SURFACE; PRODUCTS; IMPACT AB We examine the potential for parameterizing a two-dimensional (2D) land data assimilation system using spatial error auto-correlation statistics gleaned from a triple collocation analysis and the triplet of: (1) active microwave-, (2) passive microwave- and (3) land surface model-based surface soil moisture products. Results demonstrate that, while considerable spatial error auto-correlation exists in the errors for all three products, the inclusion of this information into a 2D assimilation system does not significantly improve the performance of the system relative to a one-dimensional (1D) baseline. This result is explained via an analytical evaluation of the impact of spatial error auto-correlation on the steady-state Kalman gain, which reveals that 2D filtering requires the existence of large auto-correlation differences (between the assimilation model and the assimilated observations) in order to enhance the analysis relative to a 1D filtering baseline. As a result, large error auto-correlations alone (in both the model or observations) are not sufficient to motivate the application of a 2D land assimilation system. These results have important consequences for the development of land data assimilation systems designed to ingest satellite derived surface soil moisture products for water resource and climate applications. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Gruber, Alexander; Dorigo, Wouter; Wagner, Wolfgang] Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Geodesy & Geoinformat, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Gruber, Alexander; Crow, Wade] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gruber, A (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Geodesy & Geoinformat, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. EM alexander.gruber@geo.tuwien.ac.at OI Wagner, Wolfgang/0000-0001-7704-6857 FU ESA's Climate Change Initiative (CCI) for soil moisture [4000104814/11/I-NB]; eartH2Observe project (European Union's Seventh Framework Programme) [603608] FX We thank the data providers of the SCAN (http://www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/) and USCRN (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/crn/) networks for sharing their data with the International Soil Moisture Network. This research was carried out within ESA's Climate Change Initiative (CCI) for soil moisture (Contract No. 4000104814/11/I-NB) and the eartH2Observe project (European Union's Seventh Framework Programme, Grant Agreement No. 603608). NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 171 BP 137 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2015.10.019 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CZ0IE UT WOS:000366787600012 ER PT J AU Pan, M Fisher, CK Chaney, NW Zhan, W Crow, WT Aires, F Entekhabi, D Wood, EF AF Pan, Ming Fisher, Colby K. Chaney, Nathaniel W. Zhan, Wang Crow, Wade T. Aires, Filipe Entekhabi, Dara Wood, Eric F. TI Triple collocation: Beyond three estimates and separation of structural/non-structural errors SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Error assessment; Triple collocation; Statistical methods; Soil moisture; Remote sensing ID LAND DATA ASSIMILATION; SURFACE SOIL-MOISTURE; SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE MODELS; AMSR-E; VEGETATION; PRODUCTS; RETRIEVAL; SYSTEM; PARAMETERIZATION AB This study extends the popular triple collocation method for error assessment from three source estimates to an arbitrary number of source estimates, i.e., to solve the "multiple" collocation problem. Past efforts on multiple collocation fall short of delivering a well-defined, well-interpreted and unique solution thus may result in inconsistent conclusions. Here the error assessment problem is solved through Pythagorean constraints in Hilbert space, which is slightly different from the original inner product solution but allows us to define a unique solution to the multiple collocation. The Pythagorean solution is fully equivalent to the original inner product solution for the triple collocation case. The multiple collocation turns out to be an over-constrained problem and a least squares solution is presented. As the most critical assumption of uncorrelated errors will surely fail in most multiple collocation problems, we propose to divide the source estimates into structural groups based on their production process and treat the structural and non-structural errors separately. Such error separation allows the source estimates to have their structural errors fully correlated within the same structural group, which is much more realistic than the original assumption. A new error assessment procedure is developed which performs the collocation twice, each for one type of errors (structural and non-structural), and then sums up the two types of errors. The new procedure is also fully backward compatible with the original triple collocation technique. Error assessment experiments are carried out for surface soil moisture data from multiple remote sensing models, land surface models, and in situ measurements. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Pan, Ming; Fisher, Colby K.; Chaney, Nathaniel W.; Zhan, Wang; Wood, Eric F.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Crow, Wade T.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Aires, Filipe] Estellus, Paris, France. [Aires, Filipe] Observ Paris, CNRS, Lab Etud Rayonnement & Mat Astrophys, F-75014 Paris, France. [Entekhabi, Dara] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Pan, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM mpan@princeton.edu RI Pan, Ming/B-6841-2011 OI Pan, Ming/0000-0003-3350-8719 FU NASA research grant [NNX14AH92G, NNX13AI44G] FX This works is supported by NASA research grant NNX14AH92G "Soil Moisture Cal/Val Activities as a SMAP Mission Science Team Member" and grant NNX13AI44G "Developing a Statistical-Physical Integrated Approach for Downscaling Hydrologic Information from GCM". The study and its presentation greatly benefits from the review comments, especially those from Dr. Simon Zwieback and anonymous Reviewer #4. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 171 BP 299 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2015.10.028 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CZ0IE UT WOS:000366787600024 ER PT J AU Savage, SL Lawrence, RL Squires, JR AF Savage, Shannon L. Lawrence, Rick L. Squires, John R. TI Predicting relative species composition within mixed conifer forest pixels using zero-inflated models and Landsat imagery SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Canopy cover mapping; Generalized linear model; Logistic regression; Operational Land Imager; randomForest; Support vector machine; Thematic Mapper; Zero-inflated data ID WHITEBARK-PINE MORTALITY; TREE CANOPY COVER; CANADA LYNX; COUNT DATA; LIDAR; VEGETATION; CLASSIFICATION; CLOSURE; HABITAT; IKONOS AB Ecological and land management applications would often benefit from maps of relative canopy cover of each species present within a pixel, instead of traditional remote-sensing based maps of either dominant species or percent canopy cover without regard to species composition. Widely used statistical models for remote sensing, such as randomForest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), and generalized linear regression (GLM), are problematic for this purpose as they often fail to properly predict the absence of a target species, especially in areas of high vegetation diversity, due to the relative abundance of absence observations (or zero values) in the reference data used to train predictive models. Experience has shown that RF, SVM, and GLM models trained on such reference data produce biased values of PCC, for example, in forested areas absent the target species, PCC is overestimated, while in forested areas where a target species PCC is abundant, PCC tends to be underestimated. We used zero-inflated regression modeling to reduce such bias and better predict PCC-by-species within each pixel in mixed conifer forests. Zero-inflated regression models use a two-step process to first predict the presence or absence of the target species, and then to predict continuous levels of PCC only where the target species is present. We compared the results of three widely used methods (RF, SVM, and GLM) to nine zero-inflated models for their ability to predict continuous PCC for each of five different conifer species in heterogeneous forests of northwestern Montana using Landsat TM and OLI imagery. Our best zero-inflated models resulted in a mean difference of -3.84% to 2.26%, 95% confidence interval of 6.22% to 13.09%, and RMSE of 11.26% to 22.98%, depending on the species. The success of the zero-inflated model was robust across methods tested. Both the zero-inflated and traditional methods were successful in estimating continuous canopy cover, however, the traditional models showed a substantial bias by never correctly predicting the absence of the target species, while the zero-inflated models correctly predicted species absence 57% to 84% of the time, depending on the species. Visual inspection of the predicted maps compared to high-resolution imagery demonstrated that the zero-inflated models also more closely matched the landscape, as traditional models more often incorrectly predicted canopy cover in non-forested areas. Using the zero-inflated process dramatically reduced the bias of the results, allowing end users to make management decisions with increased confidence about where a target species is absent, something not possible with the traditional methods tested. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Savage, Shannon L.; Lawrence, Rick L.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Squires, John R.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Savage, SL (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, POB 173120, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM shannon.savage@msu.montana.edu FU USDA Forest Service [12-CS-11221635-176] FX This work was supported by USDA Forest Service, Joint Venture Agreement 12-CS-11221635-176 and many scientists at the Rocky Mountain Research Station in Missoula, Montana. We thank the many field technicians for collecting the reference data and Lucretia Olson for her untiring and invaluable assistance throughout the project. Additionally, we are grateful to the reviewers and the journal editor for their thorough and constructive comments that helped improve our manuscript NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 171 BP 326 EP 336 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2015.10.013 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CZ0IE UT WOS:000366787600026 ER PT J AU Green, BT Goulart, C Welch, KD Pfister, JA McCollum, I Gardner, DR AF Green, Benedict T. Goulart, Camila Welch, Kevin D. Pfister, James A. McCollum, Isabelle Gardner, Dale R. TI The non-competitive blockade of GABA(A) receptors by an aqueous extract of water hemlock (Cicuta douglasii) tubers SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Water hemlock; Cicutoxin; C-17-polyacetylenes; Benzodiazepines; Barbiturates; Midazolam ID BINDING AB Water hemlocks (Cicuta spp.) are acutely toxic members of the Umbellierae family; the toxicity is due to the presence of C-17-polyacetylenes such as cicutoxin. There is only limited evidence of noncompetitive antagonism by C-17-polyacetylenes at GABA(A) receptors. In this work with WSS-1 cells, we documented the noncompetitive blockade of GABA(A) receptors by an aqueous extract of water hemlock (Cicuta douglasii) and modulated the actions of the extract with a pretreatment of 10 mu M midazolam. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Green, Benedict T.; Welch, Kevin D.; Pfister, James A.; McCollum, Isabelle; Gardner, Dale R.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Goulart, Camila] Univ Fed Goias, Grad Program Anim Sci, Goiania, Go, Brazil. RP Green, BT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Ben.Green@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS FX This research was supported by USDA/ARS. The authors thank Jen Green for the image of C. douglasii used in the graphical abstract. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 108 BP 11 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.09.015 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CZ0IS UT WOS:000366789000002 PM 26415905 ER PT J AU Kim, J Sundaresan, S Philosoph-Hadas, S Yang, RH Meir, S Tucker, ML AF Kim, Joonyup Sundaresan, Srivignesh Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia Yang, Ronghui Meir, Shimon Tucker, Mark L. TI Examination of the Abscission-Associated Transcriptomes for Soybean, Tomato, and Arabidopsis Highlights the Conserved Biosynthesis of an Extensible Extracellular Matrix and Boundary Layer SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE abscission; Arabidopsis; ethylene; IDA; soybean; tomato; transcriptome; cuticle biosynthesis ID FLORAL ORGAN ABSCISSION; CELL-SEPARATION PROCESSES; DEFICIENT-IN-ABSCISSION; GENE-EXPRESSION; FLOWER ABSCISSION; ZONE CELLS; RNA-SEQ; ETHYLENE; PROTEINS; PLANTS AB Abscission zone (AZ) development and the progression of abscission (detachment of plant organs) have been roughly separated into four stages: first, AZ differentiation; second, competence to respond to abscission signals; third, activation of abscission; and fourth, formation of a protective layer and post abscission trans differentiation. Stage three, activation of abscission, is when changes in the cell wall and extracellular matrix occur to support successful organ separation. Most abscission research has focused on gene expression for enzymes that disassemble the cell wall within the AZ and changes in phytohormones and other signaling events that regulate their expression. Here, transcriptome data for soybean, tomato and Arabidopsis were examined and compared with a focus not only on genes associated with disassembly of the cell wall but also on gene expression linked to the biosynthesis of a new extracellular matrix. AZ-specific up-regulation of genes associated with cell wall disassembly including cellulases (beta-1,4 -endoglucanases, CELs), polygalacturonases (PGs), and expansins (EXPs) were much as expected; however, curiously, changes in expression of xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs) were not AZ-specific in soybean. Unexpectedly, we identified an early increase in the expression of genes underlying the synthesis of a waxy-like cuticle. Based on the expression data, we propose that the early up-regulation of an abundance of small pathogenesis-related (PR) genes is more closely linked to structural changes in the extracellular matrix of separating cells than an enzymatic role in pathogen resistance. Furthermore, these observations led us to propose that, in addition to cell wall loosening enzymes, abscission requires (or is enhanced by) biosynthesis and secretion of small proteins (15-25 kDa) and waxes that form an extensible extracellular matrix and boundary layer on the surface of separating cells. The synthesis of the boundary layer precedes what is typically associated with the post-abscission synthesis of a protective scar over the fracture plane. This modification in the abscission model is discussed in regard to how it influences our interpretation of the role of multiple abscission signals. C1 [Kim, Joonyup; Yang, Ronghui; Tucker, Mark L.] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sundaresan, Srivignesh; Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia; Meir, Shimon] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest Sci Fresh Produce, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Sundaresan, Srivignesh] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Tucker, ML (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mark.tucker@ars.usda.gov FU United States - Israel Binational Agricultural and Development Fund (BARD) [US-4571-12C] FX This work was supported by a United States - Israel Binational Agricultural and Development Fund (BARD) US-4571-12C grant: to MT, SM, and SP. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 17 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 6 AR 1109 DI 10.3389/fpls.2015.01109 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CZ1ZZ UT WOS:000366906100001 PM 26697054 ER PT J AU Anderson, AD Szymanski, TJ Emery, MP Kohrs, PH Bjork, AC Marsden-Haug, N Nett, RJ Woodhall, DM Self, JS Fitzpatrick, KA Priestley, RA Kersh, GJ AF Anderson, Alicia D. Szymanski, Tahnee J. Emery, Michelle P. Kohrs, Paul H. Bjork, Adam C. Marsden-Haug, Nicola Nett, Randall J. Woodhall, Dana M. Self, Joshua S. Fitzpatrick, Kelly A. Priestley, Rachael A. Kersh, Gilbert J. TI Epizootiological investigation of a Q fever outbreak and implications for future control strategies SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID COXIELLA-BURNETII; GOAT HERDS; CARCASS DISPOSAL; WASHINGTON-STATE; UNITED-STATES; NETHERLANDS; SHEEP; MILK; VACCINATION; ENVIRONMENT AB Objective-To describe the epizootiological investigation of an outbreak of Q fever (Coxiella burnetii infection). Design-Epidemiological study. Animals-17 goat herds in Washington, Montana, and Oregon. Procedures-In April 2011, an abortion storm at a commercial goat farm in Washington was determined to be caused by C burnetii. A joint epidemiological investigation by public health and veterinary professionals was subsequently performed to assess the extent of the outbreak by performing a trace-forward of goats sold from the index farm, to determine risk factors associated with infection, and to implement control measures. A herd management plan was developed to control the outbreak and reduce risk of human exposure. Quarantine and temporary holds preventing the sale or movement of goats allowed time for trace-forward investigation, education of farmers regarding disease risk, and testing to determine the scope of the outbreak. Results-17 farms were affected; 21 human Q fever cases were identified. Bacterial shedding in feces, vaginal fluid, or milk was confirmed in 156 of 629 (25%) goats tested by PCR assay. Seroprevalence of antibodies against C burnetii in goats, determined by ELISA, was 12%. The risk for C burnetii infection in goats was highest among females, those on farms associated with human Q fever, and those on Washington farms. A protective effect was observed for goats at farms where the primary form of goat carcass disposal was burial. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-This outbreak illustrated the importance of a joint investigation for zoonotic pathogens and the need to expand and strengthen relationships between medical, public health, and veterinary partners. Heightened awareness and enhanced veterinary diagnostic capabilities for C burnetii are needed to identify and control outbreaks expediently. C1 [Anderson, Alicia D.; Bjork, Adam C.; Self, Joshua S.; Fitzpatrick, Kelly A.; Priestley, Rachael A.; Kersh, Gilbert J.] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bjork, Adam C.; Woodhall, Dana M.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nett, Randall J.] CDC, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Woodhall, Dana M.] CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Parasit Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Szymanski, Tahnee J.] Montana Dept Livestock, Helena, MT 59620 USA. [Emery, Michelle P.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Kohrs, Paul H.] Washington State Dept Agr, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. [Marsden-Haug, Nicola] Washington State Dept Hlth, Off Communicable Dis Epidemiol, Shoreline, WA 98155 USA. [Nett, Randall J.] Montana Dept Publ Hlth & Human Serv, Publ Hlth & Safety Div, Helena, MT 59601 USA. RP Anderson, AD (reprint author), CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aha5@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 19 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 247 IS 12 BP 1379 EP 1386 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CY6GM UT WOS:000366506800017 PM 26642131 ER PT J AU Liu, HW Liang, CQ Liu, PF Luo, LX Li, JQ AF Liu, Hua-Wei Liang, Chao-Qiong Liu, Peng-Fei Luo, Lai-Xin. Li, Jian-Qiang TI Quantitative proteomics identifies 38 proteins that are differentially expressed in cucumber in response to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus infection SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV); Cucumis sativus L; iTRAQ; Proteomics; qPCR ID PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE; FLAVONOID BIOSYNTHESIS; VERTICILLIUM-DAHLIAE; RESPIRATORY CHAINS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; RESISTANCE; PLANTS; ARABIDOPSIS; GENES; ACTIN AB Background: Since it was first reported in 1935, Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) has become a serious pathogen in a range of cucurbit crops. The virus is generally transmitted by propagation materials, and to date no effective chemical or cultural methods of control have been developed to combat its spread. The current study presents a preliminary analysis of the pathogenic mechanisms from the perspective of protein expression levels in an infected cucumber host, with the objective of elucidating the infection process and potential strategies to reduce both the economic and yield losses associated with CGMMV. Methods: Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technology coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) were used to identify the differentially expressed proteins in cucumber plants infected with CGMMV compared with mock-inoculated plants. The functions of the proteins were deduced by functional annotation and their involvement in metabolic processes explored by KEGG pathway analysis to identify their interactions during CGMMV infection, while their in vivo expression was further verified by qPCR. Results: Infection by CGMMV altered both the expression level and absolute quantity of 38 proteins (fold change >0.6) in cucumber hosts. Of these, 23 were found to be up-regulated, while 15 were down-regulated. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that 22 of the proteins had a combined function and were associated with molecular function (MF), biological process (BP) and cellular component (CC). Several other proteins had a dual function with 1, 7, and 2 proteins being associated with BP/CC, BP/MF, CC/MF, respectively. The remaining 3 proteins were only involved in MF. In addition, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis identified 18 proteins that were involved in 13 separate metabolic pathways. These pathways were subsequently merged to generate three network diagrams illustrating the interactions between the different pathways, while qPCR was used to track the changes in expression levels of the proteins identified at 3 time points during CGMMV infection. Taken together these results greatly expand our understanding of the relationships between CGMMV and cucumber hosts. Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that CGMMV infection significantly changes the physiology of cucumbers, affecting the expression levels of individual proteins as well as entire metabolic pathways. The bioinformatic analysis also identified several pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins that could be useful in the development of disease-resistant plants. C1 [Liu, Hua-Wei; Liang, Chao-Qiong; Liu, Peng-Fei; Luo, Lai-Xin.; Li, Jian-Qiang] China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Liu, Hua-Wei; Liang, Chao-Qiong; Liu, Peng-Fei; Luo, Lai-Xin.; Li, Jian-Qiang] BERC SPH, BKL SDTC, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Liu, Hua-Wei] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Luo, LX (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM luolaixin@cau.edu.cn; lijq231@cau.edu.cn FU National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [31371910]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT1042]; Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest of China [201303028] FX We appreciate the support for this study from the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) project (Grant No. 31371910), the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (Grant No. IRT1042) and the Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest of China (Grant No. 201303028). NR 79 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 30 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 12 AR 216 DI 10.1186/s12985-015-0442-x PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA CY4JN UT WOS:000366374500001 PM 26666291 ER PT J AU Ilut, DC Sanchez, PL Costich, DE Friebe, B Coffelt, TA Dyer, JM Jenks, MA Gore, MA AF Ilut, Daniel C. Sanchez, Paul L. Costich, Denise E. Friebe, Bernd Coffelt, Terry A. Dyer, John M. Jenks, Matthew A. Gore, Michael A. TI Genomic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in the genus Parthenium (Asteraceae) SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Guayule; Mariola; Parthenium; Genotyping-by-sequencing; Polyploidy; Apomixis; Nuclear genome size ID GUAYULE GERMPLASMS; REGISTRATION; INFORMATION; ARGENTATUM; NETWORKS AB Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) is a perennial woody shrub native to the North American Chi-huahuan Desert that holds promise as a sustainable source of natural rubber and hypoallergenic latex. The improvement of guayule for commercial-scale production could be accelerated through genomics-assisted breeding, but such a strategy is severely limited by the paucity of available genomic tools and well-characterized genetic resources. To that end, we used genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to simultaneously identify and genotype tens of thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers across 62 plant samples from seven wild and cultivated guayule, three Parthenium interspecific hybrid, four mariola (Parthenium incanum Kunth), and one wild quinine (Parthenium integrifolium L) accession(s) that have been characterized for ploidy level and nuclear genome size in this and a prior study. Phylogenetic analysis using the SNP data identified at least two distinct sources of guayule breeding material in the cultivated accessions, previously unknown multi-species hybrids within two Parthenium hybrid cultivars, and guayule/mariola hybrids within one guayule and one mariola wild collected accession. Similar to previously reported results for guayule and mariola, we observed aneuploidy and multiple ploidy levels among individual plants (mixed ploidy) within three Parthenium interspecific hybrid accessions newly characterized in this study. Nuclear genome size characterization of wild quinine, a first for this species, found an estimated haploid nuclear genome size (5757 Mb) for thetetraploid (2n =4x = 72) accession that was more than 1.5-fold larger than that of tetraploid (2n = 4x= 72) guayule or mariola. Together, these results further underscore the need for a comprehensive characterization of available guayule germplasm and sister taxa with both SNP markers and flow cytometry, illustrate the novel utility of GBS for the genus Parthenium, and lay the foundation for genomics-assisted breeding in guayule. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ilut, Daniel C.; Gore, Michael A.] Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Plant Breeding & Genet Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sanchez, Paul L.; Coffelt, Terry A.; Dyer, John M.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Costich, Denise E.] Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, Texcoco, Mexico. [Friebe, Bernd] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet Resource Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Jenks, Matthew A.] W Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Gore, MA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Plant Breeding & Genet Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM dci1@cornell.edu; paul.sanchez@ars.usda.gov; d.costich@cgiar.org; friebe@ksu.edu; terry.coffelt.arc@gmail.com; john.dyer@ars.usda.gov; majenks@mail.wvu.edu; mag87@cornell.edu OI Ilut, Daniel/0000-0001-7497-9109 FU USDA-ARS; USDA-NIFA/DOE Biomass Research and Development Initiative (BRDI) [2012-10006] FX We thank the National Arid Land Plant Genetics Resources Unit at Parlier, CA, USA for providing seeds. Also, we wish to thank Greg Leake, Stephanie Johnson, and Kristen Cox for assistance in maintaining plants in the greenhouse and collecting leaf tissue for flow cytometry experiments. Preparation of leaf tissue samples for nuclear genome size analysis was carried out by Patrick Redmond and Michael Boerman at the Institute for Genomic Diversity at Cornell University, and instrument coordination by Lavanya Sayam at the Biomedical Sciences Flow Cytometry Core Laboratory at Cornell University. Preparation of total genomic DNA samples for GBS was carried out by Catherine B. Kandianis and Elodie E. Gazave in the Gore laboratory at Cornell University. This work was funded and supported by the USDA-ARS and USDA-NIFA/DOE Biomass Research and Development Initiative (BRDI) Grant No. 2012-10006. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 76 BP 920 EP 929 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.07.035 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CW3KG UT WOS:000364890600113 ER PT J AU Burkhardt, A Gawde, A Cantrell, CL Zheljazkov, VD AF Burkhardt, Andy Gawde, Archana Cantrell, Charles L. Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. TI Effect of varying ratios of produced water and municipal water on soil characteristics, plant biomass, and secondary metabolites of Artemisia annua and Panicum virgatum SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Wormwood; Switchgrass; Lignocellulosic biofuel; Essential oil; Coal-bed methane water ID ESSENTIAL OIL; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; GROWTH; L.; YIELD; SWITCHGRASS; IRRIGATION; SPEARMINT; SODICITY AB Coal-bed natural gas production in the U.S. in 2012 was 1655 billion cubic feet (bcf). A by-product of this production is co-produced water, which is categorized as a waste product by the Environmental Protection Agency. The effects of varying concentrations of coal-bed methane (produced) water were studied in the greenhouse to elucidate their effects on two species as feedstock for lignocellulosic ethanol production: Panicum virgatum L. and Artemisia annua L. Two populations of A. annua were used, one from Canada and the other from Bulgaria. Plants were treated with varying ratios of produced water: control (0% produced or 100% municipal water), 25% produced, 50% produced, 75% produced, and 100% produced water. With increased concentration of produced water, the soil soluble Na increased, whereas soil soluble Mg and Ca decreased. The Na adsorption ratio (SAR) increased from 2 in the control to 21 in the 100% produced water treatment, and significant interaction was observed between the crop and water terms for electrical conductivity and phosphorus bicarbonate. SAR also increased in soils with both varieties of wormwood and with switchgrass as a result of increased concentrations of produced water. In addition, SAR was influenced by crop; SAR was higher in soil under switchgrass than in soil under the wormwood varieties. The biomass yields had significant interaction between crop and water treatments with Bulgarian wormwood consistently yielding more until the highest concentration of produced water when it decreased below that of Canadian wormwood. Bulgarian wormwood yielded the most with 131 g/pot for the control followed by the 75% (118 g/pot, statistically similar to control), 25% (111 g/pot, statistically similar to control), and 50% (107 g/pot) treatments. Biomass yields were reduced in the 100% produced water treatment. Regression analysis of the Canadian wormwood essential oil yield and constituents revealed weak correlations to increasing treatment of produced water. beta-pinene, for which a quadratic yield curve was present, indicated a steep decline and leveling off of beta-pinene production at high concentrations of produced water. The study shows increasing accumulation of Na and salts in the soil with increasing concentration of the produced (saline-sodic) water. High concentrations of these ions (average Na concentrations were 1156 mgl(-1)) and salts in the 100% produced water treatment hampered growth and development of the plants. Implications of this research indicate that produced water could be utilized chemically untreated if diluted with high quality water. Produced water concentrations in dilution can be no higher than 25% in order to avoid deleterious soil and plant growth effects. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Burkhardt, Andy; Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Plant Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Gawde, Archana; Cantrell, Charles L.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Plant Sci, 1000 Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM valtcho.jeliazkov@oregonstate.edu OI Gawde, Archana/0000-0002-6495-3850 FU Sun Grant Initiative; University of Wyoming FX This research was funded by the Sun Grant Initiative and by start-up funds from the University of Wyoming awarded to V. Jeliazkov (Zheljazkov). The authors thank farm manager Dan Smith, graduate student Henry Sintim, and the staff at the University of Wyoming Sheridan Research and Extension Center for their technical assistance, and David Legg for his assistance with the statistical analyses. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 76 BP 987 EP 994 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.08.018 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CW3KG UT WOS:000364890600121 ER PT J AU Burner, DM Hale, AL Carver, P Pote, DH Fritschi, FB AF Burner, David M. Hale, Anna L. Carver, Paul Pote, Daniel H. Fritschi, Felix B. TI Biomass yield comparisons of giant miscanthus, giant reed, and miscane grown under irrigated and rainfed conditions SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Biomass yield; Arundo donax; Miscanthus x giganteus; Miscane; Saccharum spp. hybrid; Ratoon crops; Tissue fractions ID ARUNDO-DONAX; X-GIGANTEUS; BIOENERGY; TOLERANCE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; GENOTYPES; ENERGY; WATER; CANE; LEAF AB The U.S. Department of Energy has initiated efforts to decrease the nation's dependence on imported oil by developing domestic renewable sources. In this study, giant miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus), miscane (Saccharum hybrid x Miscanthus spp.), and giant reed (Arundo donax) were grown on an upland site (35.08 degrees N) to determine the potential of these perennial grasses as bioenergy feedstocks, with or without irrigation. Irrigated and rainfed plots with subplots of each species were planted on a silt loam, and biomass yields were assessed in plant-cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon seasons. In the establishment year, giant reed biomass yield was greater than that of giant miscanthus, but not significantly different from that of miscane. Biomass yields of giant reed continued to increase significantly with every season, while giant miscanthus yields only increased from plant-cane to first ratoon, and miscane yields did not change with season. The miscane clone did not have sufficient cold tolerance to ensure vigorous growth of ratoon crops at this latitude. Giant miscanthus had the smallest stalk diameter each season, and the largest leaf:stem ratio in the plant-cane and first ratoon seasons. Irrigation increased dry matter yield of giant reed in the plant-cane and first ratoon seasons, but not in the second ratoon season. In both ratoon seasons, giant reed produced the tallest stalks, largest stalk diameters, and the greatest stem, leaf, and total dry matter yields. Giant reed was the most productive of the three species despite growing on an upland site away from its usual lowland habitat. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Burner, David M.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Hale, Anna L.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Carver, Paul] New Energy Farms, Leamington, ON N8H 3A5, Canada. [Fritschi, Felix B.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Fritschi, FB (reprint author), 1-31 Agr Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM fritschif@missouri.edu FU USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, Booneville, AR [6227-21310-009-00D] FX Use of the proprietary clone of giant miscanthus was made possible through a non-funded cooperative agreement (No. 58-6227-0M-F155) between Biomass Industrial Crops, Ltd. (Taunton, Somerset, UK) and USDA ARS. Peter Y.P. Tai (USDA ARS, Canal Point, Florida, deceased) provided the miscane clone US84-1028. Technical expertise was provided by J. Whiley and K. Chapman (USDA ARS, Booneville, Arkansas). Principle funding for this research was provided by USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, Booneville, AR through Project 6227-21310-009-00D. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 76 BP 1025 EP 1032 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.07.071 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CW3KG UT WOS:000364890600125 ER PT J AU Wagle, P Xiao, XM Scott, RL Kolb, TE Cook, DR Brunsell, N Baldocchi, DD Basara, J Matamala, R Zhou, YT Bajgain, R AF Wagle, Pradeep Xiao, Xiangming Scott, Russell L. Kolb, Thomas E. Cook, David R. Brunsell, Nathaniel Baldocchi, Dennis D. Basara, Jeffrey Matamala, Roser Zhou, Yuting Bajgain, Rajen TI Biophysical controls on carbon and water vapor fluxes across a grassland climatic gradient in the United States SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem water use efficiency; Eddy covariance; Enhanced vegetation index; Evapotranspiration; Grasslands; Gross primary production ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; USE EFFICIENCY; CO2 EXCHANGE; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; VEGETATION PHENOLOGY; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE AB Understanding of the underlying causes of spatial variation in exchange of carbon and water vapor fluxes between grasslands and the atmosphere is crucial for accurate estimates of regional and global carbon and water budgets, and for predicting the impact of climate change on biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks of grasslands. We used ground-based eddy flux and meteorological data, and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) enhanced vegetation index (EVI) from 12 grasslands across the United States to examine the spatial variability in carbon and water vapor fluxes and to evaluate the biophysical controls on the spatial patterns of fluxes. Precipitation was strongly associated with spatial and temporal variability in carbon and water vapor fluxes and vegetation productivity. Grasslands with annual average precipitation <600 mm generally had neutral annual carbon balance or emitted small amount of carbon to the atmosphere. Despite strong coupling between gross primary production (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) across study sites, GPP showed larger spatial variation than ET, and EVI had a greater effect on GPP than on ET. Consequently, large spatial variation in ecosystem water use efficiency (EWUE = annual GPP/ET; varying from 0.67 +/- 0.55 to 2.52 +/- 0.52 g C mm(-1) ET) was observed. Greater reduction in GPP than ET at high air temperature and vapor pressure deficit caused a reduction in EWUE in dry years, indicating a response which is opposite than what has been reported for forests. Our results show that spatial and temporal variations in ecosystem carbon uptake, ET, and water use efficiency of grasslands were strongly associated with canopy greenness and coverage, as indicated by EVI. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wagle, Pradeep; Xiao, Xiangming; Zhou, Yuting; Bajgain, Rajen] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Ctr Spatial Anal, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Xiao, Xiangming] Fudan Univ, Inst Biodivers Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Scott, Russell L.] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Kolb, Thomas E.] Univ Arizona, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Cook, David R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Brunsell, Nathaniel] Univ Kansas, Atmospher Sci Program, Dept Geog, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Baldocchi, Dennis D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Basara, Jeffrey] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Basara, Jeffrey] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Climatol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Matamala, Roser] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wagle, P (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Ctr Spatial Anal, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM pradeep.wagle@ou.edu RI Baldocchi, Dennis/A-1625-2009; OI Baldocchi, Dennis/0000-0003-3496-4919; Wagle, Pradeep/0000-0001-7444-0461 FU USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA)'s Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) [2012-02355]; Regional Approaches for Adaptation to and Mitigation of Climate Variability and Change; National Science Foundation EPSCoR [(IIA-1301789]; Northern Arizona University from the North American Carbon Program/USDA CREES NRI [2004-35111-15057, 2008-35101-19076]; Science Foundation Arizona [CAA 0-203-08]; NSF EPSCoR (NSF) [EPS-0553722, EPS-0919443]; NSF Long Term Ecological Research Program at Konza Prairie Biological Station [DEB-0823341, SS1093]; NOAA Climate Program Office's Sectoral Applications Research Program (SARP) [NA130AR4310122]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; USDA; USDA and U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science; [KAN0061396/KAN0066263] FX This study was supported in part by a research grant (Project No. 2012-02355) through the USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA)'s Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI), Regional Approaches for Adaptation to and Mitigation of Climate Variability and Change, and a research grant (IIA-1301789) from the National Science Foundation EPSCoR. This research was supported by grants to T. Kolb and Northern Arizona University from the North American Carbon Program/USDA CREES NRI (2004-35111-15057 and 2008-35101-19076) and Science Foundation Arizona (CAA 0-203-08). The Konza Prairie site was supported by grants to N. Brunsell from the NSF EPSCoR (NSF EPS-0553722 and EPS-0919443) and KAN0061396/KAN0066263 and the NSF Long Term Ecological Research Program at Konza Prairie Biological Station (DEB-0823341 and sub-contract: SS1093). It was also partly supported by NOAA Climate Program Office's Sectoral Applications Research Program (SARP) grant NA130AR4310122. The Fermi site was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Funding for the Kendall and Santa Rite flux sites was from the USDA and U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science. Data were obtained from AmeriFlux database (http://ameriflux.ornl.gov/). The authors thank an anonymous reviewer for the comments on previous version of this manuscript. NR 60 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 214 BP 293 EP 305 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.08.265 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CW1DO UT WOS:000364730000027 ER PT J AU Makowski, D Asseng, S Ewert, F Bassu, S Durand, JL Li, T Martre, P Adam, M Aggarwal, PK Angulo, C Baron, C Basso, B Bertuzzi, P Biernath, C Boogaard, H Boote, KJ Bouman, B Bregaglio, S Brisson, N Buis, S Cammarano, D Challinor, AJ Confalonieri, R Conijn, JG Corbeels, M Deryng, D De Sanctis, G Doltra, J Fumoto, T Gaydon, D Gayler, S Goldberg, R Grant, RF Grassini, P Hatfield, JL Hasegawa, T Heng, L Hoek, S Hooker, J Hunt, LA Ingwersen, J Izaurralde, RC Jongschaap, REE Jones, JW Kemanian, RA Kersebaum, KC Kim, SH Lizaso, J Marcaida, M Muller, C Nakagawa, H Kumar, SN Nendel, C O'Leary, GJ Olesen, JE Oriol, P Osborne, TM Palosuo, T Pravia, MV Priesack, E Ripoche, D Rosenzweig, C Ruane, AC Ruget, F Sau, F Semenov, MA Shcherbak, I Singh, B Singh, U Soo, HK Steduto, P Stockle, C Stratonovitch, P Streck, T Supit, I Tang, L Tao, F Teixeira, EI Thorburn, P Timlin, D Travasso, M Rotter, RP Waha, K Wallach, D White, JW Wilkens, P Williams, JR Wolf, J Yin, X Yoshida, H Zhang, Z Zhu, Y AF Makowski, D. Asseng, S. Ewert, F. Bassu, S. Durand, J. L. Li, T. Martre, P. Adam, M. Aggarwal, P. K. Angulo, C. Baron, C. Basso, B. Bertuzzi, P. Biernath, C. Boogaard, H. Boote, K. J. Bouman, B. Bregaglio, S. Brisson, N. Buis, S. Cammarano, D. Challinor, A. J. Confalonieri, R. Conijn, J. G. Corbeels, M. Deryng, D. De Sanctis, G. Doltra, J. Fumoto, T. Gaydon, D. Gayler, S. Goldberg, R. Grant, R. F. Grassini, P. Hatfield, J. L. Hasegawa, T. Heng, L. Hoek, S. Hooker, J. Hunt, L. A. Ingwersen, J. Izaurralde, R. C. Jongschaap, R. E. E. Jones, J. W. Kemanian, R. A. Kersebaum, K. C. Kim, S. -H. Lizaso, J. Marcaida, M., III Mueller, C. Nakagawa, H. Kumar, S. Naresh Nendel, C. O'Leary, G. J. Olesen, J. E. Oriol, P. Osborne, T. M. Palosuo, T. Pravia, M. V. Priesack, E. Ripoche, D. Rosenzweig, C. Ruane, A. C. Ruget, F. Sau, F. Semenov, M. A. Shcherbak, I. Singh, B. Singh, U. Soo, H. K. Steduto, P. Stoeckle, C. Stratonovitch, P. Streck, T. Supit, I. Tang, L. Tao, F. Teixeira, E. I. Thorburn, P. Timlin, D. Travasso, M. Roetter, R. P. Waha, K. Wallach, D. White, J. W. Wilkens, P. Williams, J. R. Wolf, J. Yin, X. Yoshida, H. Zhang, Z. Zhu, Y. TI A statistical analysis of three ensembles of crop model responses to temperature and CO2 concentration SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Crop model; Emulator; Meta-model; Statistical model; Yield ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; WHEAT YIELDS; METAANALYSIS; UNCERTAINTY; SIMULATION; IMPACTS AB Ensembles of process-based crop models are increasingly used to simulate crop growth for scenarios of temperature and/or precipitation changes corresponding to different projections of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This approach generates large datasets with thousands of simulated crop yield data. Such datasets potentially provide new information but it is difficult to summarize them in a useful way due to their structural complexities. An associated issue is that it is not straightforward to compare crops and to interpolate the results to alternative climate scenarios not initially included in the simulation protocols. Here we demonstrate that statistical models based on random-coefficient regressions are able to emulate ensembles of process-based crop models. An important advantage of the proposed statistical models is that they can interpolate between temperature levels and between CO2 concentration levels, and can thus be used to calculate temperature and [CO2] thresholds leading to yield loss or yield gain, without rerunning the original complex crop models. Our approach is illustrated with three yield datasets simulated by 19 maize models, 26 wheat models, and 13 rice models. Several statistical models are fitted to these datasets, and are then used to analyze the variability of the yield response to [CO2] and temperature. Based on our results, we show that, for wheat, a [CO2] increase is likely to outweigh the negative effect of a temperature increase of +2 degrees C in the considered sites. Compared to wheat, required levels of [CO2] increase are much higher for maize, and intermediate for rice. For all crops, uncertainties in simulating climate change impacts increase more with temperature than with elevated [CO2]. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Makowski, D.; Bassu, S.; Brisson, N.] INRA, UMR Agron INRA AgroParisTech 211, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France. [Asseng, S.; Jones, J. W.] Univ Florida, Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ewert, F.; Angulo, C.] Univ Bonn, Inst Crop Sci & Resource Conservat INRES, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Durand, J. L.] INRA, Unite Rech Pluridisciplinaire Prairie & Plantes F, F-86600 Lusignan, France. [Li, T.; Bouman, B.; Marcaida, M., III] Int Rice Res Inst, Los Banos, Philippines. [Martre, P.] INRA, Genet Divers & Ecophysiol Cererals GDEC UMR1095, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Martre, P.] Blaise Pascal Univ, GDEC UMR1095, F-63170 Aubiere, France. [Adam, M.; Oriol, P.] CIRAD, UMR AGAP PAM, Montpellier, France. [Aggarwal, P. K.] Int Water Management Inst, CGIAR Res Program Climate Change Agr & Food Secur, New Delhi 110012, India. [Baron, C.] CIRAD, UMR TETIS, F-34093 Montpellier, France. [Basso, B.; Shcherbak, I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Basso, B.; Shcherbak, I.] Michigan State Univ, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Bertuzzi, P.; Brisson, N.; Ripoche, D.] INRA, AgroClim US1116, F-84914 Avignon, France. [Biernath, C.; Priesack, E.] Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Soil Ecol, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Boogaard, H.; Hoek, S.] Alterra, Ctr Geoinformat, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Boote, K. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bregaglio, S.; Confalonieri, R.] Univ Milan, Cassandra Lab, Milan, Italy. [Buis, S.; Ruget, F.] INRA, EMMAH UMR1114, F-84914 Avignon, France. [Challinor, A. J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Inst Climate & Atmospher Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Challinor, A. J.] Int Ctr Trop Agr CIAT, CGIAR ESSP Program Climate Change Agr & Food Secu, Cali 6713, Colombia. [Conijn, J. G.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, WUR Plant Res Int, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Corbeels, M.; Jongschaap, R. E. E.] CIRAD, Agroecol & Sustainable Intensificat Annual Crops, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France. [Corbeels, M.; Jongschaap, R. E. E.] Embrapa Cerrados, BR-73301970 Planaltina, DF, Brazil. [Deryng, D.] Univ E Anglia, Tyndall Ctr Climate Change Res, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Deryng, D.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Doltra, J.] Cantabria Govt, Cantabrian Agr Res & Training Ctr CIFA, Muriedas 39600, Spain. [Fumoto, T.; Hasegawa, T.] Natl Inst Agroenvironm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058604, Japan. [Gaydon, D.] CSIRO Agr Flagship, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia. [Gayler, S.] Univ Tubingen, WESS Water & Earth Syst Sci Competence Cluster, D-72074 Tubingen, Germany. [Goldberg, R.; Rosenzweig, C.; Ruane, A. C.] NASA Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Grant, R. F.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Li, T.; Bouman, B.; Marcaida, M., III] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. [Hatfield, J. L.] Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Heng, L.] IAEA, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Hooker, J.] Univ Reading, Dept Agr, Reading RG6 6AR, Berks, England. [Hunt, L. A.] Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Ingwersen, J.; Streck, T.] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Soil Sci & Land Evaluat, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. [Izaurralde, R. C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kemanian, R. A.; Pravia, M. V.] INIA, Treinta Y Tres 33000, Uruguay. [Kersebaum, K. C.; Nendel, C.] Leibniz Ctr Agr Landscape Res, Inst Landscape Syst Anal, D-15374 Muncheberg, Germany. [Kim, S. -H.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lizaso, J.] Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Prod Vegetal, Fitotecnia, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Mueller, C.; Waha, K.] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Nakagawa, H.; Yoshida, H.] Natl Agr & Food Res Org, Tokyo, Japan. [Kumar, S. Naresh] IARI PUSA, Indian Agr Res Inst, Ctr Environm Sci & Climate Resilient Agr, New Delhi 110012, India. [O'Leary, G. J.] Grains Innovat Pk, Dept Econ Dev Jobs Transport & Resources, Horsham, Vic 3400, Australia. [Olesen, J. E.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Agroecol, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark. [Osborne, T. M.] Univ Reading, Walker Inst, NCAS Climate, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England. [Pravia, M. V.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ruget, F.] UAPV, EMMAH UMR1114, F-84914 Avignon, France. [Sau, F.] Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Biol Vegetal, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Semenov, M. A.; Stratonovitch, P.] Rothamsted Res, Computat & Syst Biol Dept, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. [Singh, U.; Wilkens, P.] Int Fertilizer Dev Inst, Florence, AL USA. [Soo, H. K.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Steduto, P.] FAO, I-00100 Rome, Italy. [Stoeckle, C.] Washington State Univ, Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Supit, I.; Wolf, J.] Wageningen Univ, Plant Prod Syst & Earth Syst Sci, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Tang, L.; Zhu, Y.] Nanjing Agr Univ, Natl Engn & Technol Ctr Informat Agr, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Palosuo, T.; Tao, F.; Roetter, R. P.] Nat Resources Inst Finland Luke, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland. [Teixeira, E. I.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Sustainable Prod, Canterbury, New Zealand. [Thorburn, P.] CSIRO Agr Flagship, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia. [Timlin, D.] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Travasso, M.] INTA CIRN, Inst Climate & Water, RA-1712 Castelar, Argentina. [Izaurralde, R. C.; Wallach, D.] INRA, UMR Agrosyst & Dev Territorial AGIR 1248, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [White, J. W.] Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Williams, J. R.] Texas A&M Univ, Texas AgriLife Res & Extens, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Yin, X.] Wageningen Univ, Ctr Crop Syst Anal, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Zhang, Z.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Cammarano, D.] James Hutton Inst Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. [Waha, K.] CSIRO Agr, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. [De Sanctis, G.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Singh, B.] CIMMYT India, New Delhi 110008, India. RP Makowski, D (reprint author), INRA, UMR Agron INRA AgroParisTech 211, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France. EM makowski@grignon.inra.fr; sasseng@ufl.edu; fewert@uni-bonn.de; jean-louis.durand@lusignan.inra.fr; t.li@irri.org; pierre.martre@clermont.inra.fr; p.k.aggarwal@cigar.org; klav@uni-bonn.de; basso@msu.edu; dominique.ripoche@avignon.inra.fr; priesack@helmholtz-muenchen.de; kjboote@ufl.edu; simone.bregaglio@unimi.it; patrick.bertuzzi@avignon.inra.fr; davide.cammarano@hutton.ac.uk; a.j.challinor@leeds.ac.uk; roberto.confalonieri@unimi.it; sjaak.conijn@wur.nl; corbeels@cirad.fr; giacomo.de-sanctis@jrc.ec.europa.eu; jordidoltra@cifacantabria.org; Don.Gaydon@csiro.au; Sebastian.gayler@uni-tuebingen.de; cynthia.rosenzweig@nasa.gov; rgrant@ualberta.ca; jerry.hatfield@ars.usda.gov; L.Heng@iaea.org; j.hooker@reading.ac.uk; thunt@uoguelph.ca; joachim.ingwersen@uni-hohenheim.de; cizaurra@umd.edu; sjaak.conijn@wur.nl; jimj@ufl.edu; vpravia@inia.org.uy; ckersebaum@zalf.de; christoph.mueller@pik-potsdam.de; nareshkumar.soora@gmail.com; nendel@zalf.de; garry.O'leary@ecodev.vic.gov.au; jeo@agro.au.dk; t.m.osborne@reading.ac.uk; taru.palosuo@luke.fi; christian.biernath@helmholtz-muenchen.de; ccrag1@yahoo.com; alexander.c.ruane@nasa.gov; mikhail.semenov@rothamsted.ac.uk; shcherba@mail.msu.edu; Balwinder.singh@cgiar.org; Pasquale.Steduto@fao.org; stockle@wsu.edu; pierre.stratonovitch@rothamsted.ac.uk; tstreck@uni-hohenheim.de; iwan.supit@wur.nl; tangl@njau.edu.cn; fulu.tao@luke.fi; Edmar.teixeira@plantandfood.co.nz; peter.thorburn@csiro.au; mtravasso@cnia.inta.gov.ar; reimund.rotter@luke.fi; katharina.waha@csiro.au; daniel.wallach@toulouse.inra.fr; jeffrey.white@ars.usda.gov; jwilliams@brc.tamus.edu; joost.wolf@wur.nl; yanzhu@njau.edu.cn RI Palosuo, Taru/B-9593-2012; Doltra, Jordi/C-2106-2015; Teixeira, Edmar/K-1238-2016; Mueller, Christoph/E-4812-2016; YADAV, SUDHIR/K-7110-2012; Kim, Soo-Hyung/A-3012-2009; Singh, Balwinder/F-3063-2011; Olesen, Jorgen/C-2905-2016; Gaydon, Donald /F-4608-2012; Challinor, Andrew/C-4992-2008; Thorburn, Peter/A-6884-2011; Priesack, Eckart/M-7341-2014; Martre, Pierre/G-5399-2013; Deryng, Delphine/F-7417-2010; OI Palosuo, Taru/0000-0003-4322-3450; Teixeira, Edmar/0000-0002-4835-0590; Mueller, Christoph/0000-0002-9491-3550; YADAV, SUDHIR/0000-0001-7658-8144; Kim, Soo-Hyung/0000-0003-3879-4080; Singh, Balwinder/0000-0002-6715-2207; Olesen, Jorgen/0000-0002-6639-1273; Challinor, Andrew/0000-0002-8551-6617; Martre, Pierre/0000-0002-7419-6558; Deryng, Delphine/0000-0001-6214-7241; Grant, Robert/0000-0002-8890-6231; Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496; Kersebaum, Kurt Christian/0000-0002-3679-8427; Priesack, Eckart/0000-0002-5088-9528 FU Victorian Department of Economic Development Jobs, Transport and Resources; Australian Department of Agriculture; INRA ACCAF meta-program; Ministry of Science, Research and Arts of Baden-Wurttemberg [AZ Zu33-721.3-2]; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig; FACCE MACSUR project by Innovation Fund Denmark; FACCE MACSUR project through the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [031A103B, 2812ERA115]; Helmholtz project 'REKLIMRegional Climate Change: Causes and Effects' Topic 5: 'Chemistry-climate interactions on global to regional scales'; Royal Society of New Zealand; Climate Change Impacts and Implications for New Zealand (CCII) project; Texas AgriLife Research and Extension, Texas AM University; USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture [32011-680002-30191]; FACCE MACSUR project by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) [031A103B]; FACE MACSUR project through the German Federal Office for Agriculture and Food [2812ERA147]; BMBF via the CARBIOCIAL research project [01LL0902M]; National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China [2013AA100404]; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions in China (PAPD) FX G.J. O'Leary was supported by the Victorian Department of Economic Development Jobs, Transport and Resources, the Australian Department of Agriculture. S. Bassu, P. Bertuzzi, G. De Sanctis, J.-L. Durand, D. Makowski, P. Martre, D. Ripoche and D. Wallach were partly supported by the INRA ACCAF meta-program. S. Gayler was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science, Research and Arts of Baden-Wurttemberg (AZ Zu33-721.3-2) and the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig. J. E. Olesen was funded through the FACCE MACSUR project by Innovation Fund Denmark. F. Ewert and C. Angulo received support from the FACCE MACSUR project (031A103B) funded through the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (2812ERA115). C. Biernath was funded through the Helmholtz project 'REKLIMRegional Climate Change: Causes and Effects' Topic 5: 'Chemistry-climate interactions on global to regional scales'. EI Teixeira was supported by the Royal Society of New Zealand and the Climate Change Impacts and Implications for New Zealand (CCII) project. R. C. Izaurralde and J. R. Williams were funded by Texas AgriLife Research and Extension, Texas A&M University. C. O. Stockle was funded through USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture award 32011-680002-30191. C. Muller was funded through the FACCE MACSUR project by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF, 031A103B). K.C. Kersebaum and C. Nendel were supported by FACE MACSUR project funded through the German Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (2812ERA147). C. Nendel received support by BMBF via the CARBIOCIAL research project (01LL0902M).r Y. Zhu and L. Tang were supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2013AA100404) and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions in China (PAPD). NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 24 U2 86 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 214 BP 483 EP 493 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.09.013 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CW1DO UT WOS:000364730000043 ER PT J AU Guan, C Zhang, HJ Zhou, LJ Wang, XP AF Guan, Cheng Zhang, Houjiang Zhou, Lujing Wang, Xiping TI Dynamic determination of modulus of elasticity of full-size wood composite panels using a vibration method SO CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Full-size wood composite panel; Modulus of elasticity; Free-free support free vibration; Dynamic determination ID YOUNGS MODULUS AB A vibration testing method based on free vibration theory in a "free-free" support condition was investigated for evaluating the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of full-size wood composite panels (WCPs). Vibration experiments were conducted on three types of WCPs (medium density fibreboard, particle-board, and plywood) to determine the dynamic MOE of the panels. Static bending test was performed on small specimens cut from the panels to determine the static MOE. A strong linear relationship was found between dynamic MOE of full size panels and static MOE of small specimens. Dynamic MOE of full-size WCPs was found 6.2% higher than the corresponding static MOE. This study demonstrated that free vibration method has a good potential to be used in WCP manufacturing facilities as a quality control procedure. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Guan, Cheng; Zhang, Houjiang; Zhou, Lujing] Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiping] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Zhang, HJ (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM hjzhang6@bjfu.edu.cn FU State Forest Administration of China through Special Research Funds for Public Welfare [201304512] FX This project was funded by the State Forest Administration of China through the Special Research Funds for Public Welfare (Grant No. 201304512). NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0618 EI 1879-0526 J9 CONSTR BUILD MATER JI Constr. Build. Mater. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 100 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.008 PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA CV9LF UT WOS:000364608000021 ER PT J AU Kane, VR Cansler, CA Povak, NA Kane, JT McGaughey, RJ Lutz, JA Churchill, DJ North, MP AF Kane, Van R. Cansler, C. Alina Povak, Nicholas A. Kane, Jonathan T. McGaughey, Robert J. Lutz, James A. Churchill, Derek J. North, Malcolm P. TI Mixed severity fire effects within the Rim fire: Relative importance of local climate, fire weather, topography, and forest structure SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Rim fire; Spatial autocorrelation; Mixed-severity fire; Random forests; RdNBR burn severity; LiDAR; Biophysical environment; Fire history ID YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; NEVADA WILDERNESS AREAS; SIERRA-NEVADA; SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION; BURN SEVERITY; GEOGRAPHICAL ECOLOGY; RED HERRINGS; LANDSCAPE DYNAMICS; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS AB Recent and projected increases in the frequency and severity of large wildfires in the western U.S. makes understanding the factors that strongly affect landscape fire patterns a management priority for optimizing treatment location. We compared the influence of variations in the local environment on burn severity patterns on the large 2013 Rim fire that burned under extreme drought with those of previous smaller fires for a study area in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA. Although much of the Rim fire burned during plume-dominated conditions resulting in large high-severity patches, our study area burned under milder fire weather resulting in a mix of fire severities. In our study area the Rim fire produced a higher proportion of moderate- and high-severity effects than occurred in previous fires. Random forest modeling explained up to 63% of the Rim fire burn variance using seven predictors: time since previous fire, actual evapotranspiration (AET), climatic water deficit (Deficit), previous maximum burn severity, burning index, slope position, and solar radiation. Models using only a subset of biophysical predictors (AET, Deficit, slope position and steepness, and solar radiation) explained 55% of the Rim fire and 58% of the maximum fire burn severity of previous fires. The relationship of burn severity to patterns of AET, however, reversed for the Rim fire (positive) compared to earlier fires (negative). Measurements of pre-Rim fire forest structure from LiDAR did not improve our ability to explain burn severity patterns. We found that accounting for spatial autocorrelation in burn severity and biophysical environment was important to model quality and stability. Our results suggest water balance and topography can help predict likely burn severity patterns under moderate climate and fire weather conditions, providing managers with general guidance for prioritizing fuel treatments and identifying where fire is less likely to burn with higher severities even for locations with higher forest density and canopy cover. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kane, Van R.; Cansler, C. Alina; Kane, Jonathan T.; Churchill, Derek J.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Povak, Nicholas A.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [McGaughey, Robert J.] Univ Washington, USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lutz, James A.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [North, Malcolm P.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Kane, VR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM vkane@uw.edu FU U.S. Forest Service [13.CS-11052007-055, 14-JV-11272139-014]; National Park Service, Fire and Aviation Management Branch, Fuels and Ecology Program [F8803100015]; U.S. Geological Survey Terrestrial, Freshwater, and Marine Ecosystems Program FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Jamie Lydersen provided the burning index and energy release component data used in this study. Lorraine E. Flint and Alan L. Flint provided AET and Deficit data from their California Basin Characterization Model. Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Forest Service grants 13.CS-11052007-055 and 14-JV-11272139-014. Funding for the acquisition of the LiDAR data was provided by the National Park Service, Fire and Aviation Management Branch, Fuels and Ecology Program (Interagency Agreement F8803100015) and the U.S. Geological Survey Terrestrial, Freshwater, and Marine Ecosystems Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 110 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 17 U2 84 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 358 BP 62 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.001 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV9MY UT WOS:000364612500006 ER PT J AU Cleaver, CM Jacobi, WR Burns, KS Means, RE AF Cleaver, Christy M. Jacobi, William R. Burns, Kelly S. Means, Robert E. TI Limber pine in the central and southern Rocky Mountains: Stand conditions and interactions with blister rust, mistletoe, and bark beetles SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Arceuthobium cyanocarpum; Bark beetles; Cronartium ribicola; Pinus flexilis; Stand condition assessment; White pines ID PONDEROSAE HOPKINS COLEOPTERA; HIGH-ELEVATION FORESTS; WESTERN WHITE-PINE; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; FLEXILIS; COLORADO; SCOLYTIDAE; CALIFORNIA; MORTALITY; POPULATIONS AB Combined effects of the recent mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreak and white pine blister rust (caused by Cronartium ribicola) (WPBR) are causing extensive crown dieback and mortality in limber pine (Pinus flexilis) in the central and southern Rocky Mountains. Additional stressors such as climate change and limber pine dwarf mistletoe (Aceuthobium cyanocarpum) may significantly alter stand structure and biodiversity of these ecosystems. The objectives of this study were to: (1) assess site, stand, and tree health conditions in limber pine stands of northern Colorado, Wyoming, and southeastern Montana, (2) quantify impacts of WPBR, bark beetles, and dwarf mistletoe, and (3) determine biotic and abiotic factors that influence the occurrence and incidence of these damage agents. We assessed 22,700 limber pines on 508 plots in limber pine-dominated stands in twenty-five study areas in northern Colorado, Wyoming, and southeastern Montana. Average live limber pine density was 311 stems ha(-1). Overall, 50% of limber pines were classified as healthy with over 50% of limber pine mortality attributed to bark beetle attacks. White pine blister rust damage was evident on over 60% of declining or dying limber pines. Blister rust was the primary damage agent, occurring on 73% of the plots and 26% of the trees. Bark beetle-caused mortality was found on 75% of plots and 18% of trees. Limber pine dwarf mistletoe was present on 29% of plots and 9% of trees. In study areas that were previously monitored, incidence of WPBR increased over 8-9 years by 6%, bark beetle-caused mortality by 17%, while dwarf mistletoe incidence remained the same. We used statistical modeling to determine meteorological, macro and micro site factors, and stand factors that influenced the occurrence and incidence of WPBR, bark beetles, and dwarf mistletoe on limber pines. Declines in health and rise in mortality due to bark beetles and WPBR has left some study areas with low limber pine basal area and stand density. These stands may be at risk for localized extirpation if the minimum viable population thresholds are not maintained and are identified as areas of concern for restoration and conservation efforts. Current condition status and long-term monitoring of limber pine is needed for land manager decision making and facilitation of restoration goals. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cleaver, Christy M.; Jacobi, William R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Cleaver, Christy M.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA. [Burns, Kelly S.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Means, Robert E.] BLM Wyoming, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Cleaver, CM (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, 3815 N Schreiber Way, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA. EM christycleaver@fs.fed.us; william.jacobi@colostate.edu; ksburns@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Evaluation Monitoring Program; BLM Wyoming; Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station; Colorado State Forest Service; Boulder County Open Space FX We would like to thank the following individuals for their contributions: A. McMahan, F. Krist, and E. Smith (USDA Forest Service Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Fort Collins, CO), R. Flynn, R. Reich, J. zumBrunnen (Franklin A. Graybill Statistical Laboratory), J. Blodgett, A. Schoettle, J. Negron, M. Jackson, J. Duda, J. Hardin, H. Kearns, B. Goodrich, A. Norton, and D. Steingraeber. In addition, USDA Forest Service personnel from the Bighorn, Custer, Medicine Bow, Roosevelt, and Shoshone National Forests; E. Jungck (Shoshone National Forest); E. Rhodenbaugh (Wind River Reservation, Bureau of Indian Affairs); T. Kramer, J. Gates, J. Walker, and J. Mononi (BLM Wyoming); B. Hensley (BLM Montana); S. Golden and S. Milne (Boulder County Open Space), provided assistance. Special thanks to field crew members and data entry personnel: L. Maxwell, J. Miller, N. McBride, C. Heeney, W. Walker, B. Pease, M. Nelson, S. Merritt, P. Canfield, G. Over, and K. Jacobi. Helpful reviews of earlier versions of the manuscript were provided by J. Blodgett, M. Jackson, and P. Zambino. We appreciate suggestions provided by reviewers. This study was funded by the USDA Forest Service, Evaluation Monitoring Program, BLM Wyoming, Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station, Colorado State Forest Service, and Boulder County Open Space. NR 67 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 13 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 358 BP 139 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.010 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV9MY UT WOS:000364612500013 ER PT J AU Bell, DM Gregory, MJ Ohmann, JL AF Bell, David M. Gregory, Matthew J. Ohmann, Janet L. TI Imputed forest structure uncertainty varies across elevational and longitudinal gradients in the western Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bootstrapping; Forest; Imputation; k-nearest neighbor; Model uncertainty; Vegetation ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; LANDSAT TIME-SERIES; MODERATE RESOLUTION; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; SATELLITE IMAGERY; COASTAL OREGON; INVENTORY; MODEL; DISTURBANCE AB Imputation provides a useful method for mapping forest attributes across broad geographic areas based on field plot measurements and Landsat multi-spectral data, but the resulting map products may be of limited use without corresponding analyses of uncertainties in predictions. In the case of k-nearest neighbor (kNN) imputation with k = 1, such as the Gradient Nearest Neighbor (GNN) approach, where the field plot with the most similar spectral signature is attributed to a given pixel, there has been limited guidance on methods of examining uncertainty. In this study, we use a bootstrapping method to assess the uncertainty associated with the imputation process on predictions of live tree structure (canopy cover, quadratic mean diameter, and aboveground biomass), dead tree structure (snag density and downed wood volume), and community composition (proportion hardwood) for a portion of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon, USA. We performed kNN with k = 1 imputation with 4000 bootstrap samples of the field plot data and examined three metrics of uncertainty: the width of 95% interpercentile ranges (IPR), the proportion of bootstrap samples with no tally (i.e., forest attribute was imputed as zero), and the imputation deviations (i.e., mean prediction from the bootstrap sample minus baseline GNN prediction [no bootstrapping]). Imputed values of dead tree components and species composition exhibited greater IPR, proportion no tally near 0.5, and greater magnitudes of imputation deviations compared to live tree components, indicating greater uncertainties. Our uncertainty metrics varied spatially with respect to environmental gradients and the variation was not consistent among metrics. Geographic patterns in prediction uncertainties implicated biogeography and disturbance as major factors influencing regional variation in imputation uncertainty. Spatial patterns differed not only by forest attribute, but by uncertainty metric, indicating that no single measure of uncertainty or forest structure provides a full description of imputation performance. Users of imputed map products need to consider the pattern of and the processes that contribute to uncertainty during the early stages of project development and execution. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bell, David M.; Gregory, Matthew J.; Ohmann, Janet L.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Bell, DM (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM dmbell@fs.fed.us; matt.gregory@oregonstate.edu; janet.ohmann@oregonstate.edu FU Oregon State University; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station FX We thank Warren Cohen, Raymond Davis, Heather Roberts, and Zhiqiang Yang for discussion of concepts and results associated with this research. We thank Barry (Ty) Wilson, Ronald McRoberts, and one anonymous reviewer for comments that improved the quality of the manuscript. Funding for this work was provided by Joint Venture Agreement between Oregon State University and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 358 BP 154 EP 164 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.007 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV9MY UT WOS:000364612500014 ER PT J AU Jang, W Keyes, CR Page-Dumroese, DS AF Jang, Woongsoon Keyes, Christopher R. Page-Dumroese, Deborah S. TI Long-term effects on distribution of forest biomass following different harvesting levels in the northern Rocky Mountains SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil productivity; Western larch forest; Regeneration dynamics; Ecosystem ecology; Carbon storage; Biomass harvesting ID ORGANIC-MATTER REMOVAL; PONDEROSA PINE; SOIL PRODUCTIVITY; DOUGLAS-FIR; LARIX-OCCIDENTALIS; VEGETATION CONTROL; INLAND NORTHWEST; SEEDLING GROWTH; PRESCRIBED FIRE; WHITE SPRUCE AB With increasing public demand for more intensive biomass utilization from forests, the concerns over adverse impacts on productivity by nutrient depletion are increasing. We remeasured the 1974 site of the Forest Residues Utilization Research and Development in northwestern Montana to investigate long-term impacts of intensive biomass utilization on aspects of site productivity. The historical experiment was implemented in a western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) forest at three biomass utilization levels (high, medium, and low) combined with prescribed post-harvest burning treatments (burned and unburned) under three regeneration cuttings (clearcut, group selection, and shelterwood). The experiment has two replicates and was designed as a split-plot design with an imbalanced manner. Regenerated tree height and diameter at breast height, shrub root collar diameter, and soil properties (C, N, and total organic matter) of the forest floor and mineral soil layers were measured. Regenerated tree, shrub, and total aboveground biomass and total C, N, and organic matter contents of the soil layers were calculated. Results indicated that total organic matter pools at the ecosystem level were similar across regeneration cutting treatments, and there were no differences among the utilization treatments for either aboveground biomass production or soil properties 38 years after harvest. Minor differences observed among treatments seemed to originate from differences in regeneration dynamics and responses to burning treatment. Our results indicate that site productivity in this forest type was unaffected by these biomass utilization levels. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jang, Woongsoon; Keyes, Christopher R.] Univ Montana, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Page-Dumroese, Deborah S.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Jang, W (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM woongsoon.jang@umontana.edu; christopher.key-es@umontana.edu; ddumroese@fs.fed.us OI Jang, Woongsoon/0000-0001-7727-5342 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, Biomass Research and Development Initiative, Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-05325] FX This was a study of the Applied Forest Management Program at the University of Montana, a research and outreach unit of the Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station. We thank T. Perry, J. Tirocke, D. Affleck, R. Callaway, J. Goodburn, J. Graham, M. Jurgensen, D. Wright, E. Kennedy-Sutherland, R. Shearer, and J. Crotteau for their contributions. Funding was provided by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, Biomass Research and Development Initiative, Competitive Grant No. 2010-05325 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 358 BP 281 EP 290 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.024 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV9MY UT WOS:000364612500027 ER PT J AU Peterjohn, WT Harlacher, MA Christ, MJ Adams, MB AF Peterjohn, William T. Harlacher, Margaret A. Christ, Martin J. Adams, Mary Beth TI Testing associations between tree species and nitrate availability: Do consistent patterns exist across spatial scales? SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Nitrate availability; Nitrogen cycling; Tree species; Spatial scale; Forest ecosystems; Fernow Experimental Forest ID APPALACHIAN FORESTED WATERSHEDS; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; NITROGEN SATURATION; NEW-YORK; ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS; INORGANIC NITROGEN; SOIL NITRIFICATION; NET NITRIFICATION; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; TEMPERATE FORESTS AB In forest ecosystems there are numerous factors that influence nitrate (NO3) availability and retention in ways that can significantly affect receiving waters. Unfortunately these factors often co-exist and interact making it difficult to establish the importance of each individually. Three reference watersheds at the Fernow Experimental Forest (FEF) provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the influence of tree species on soil NO3 availability across spatial scales because they differ in stream-water NO3 concentrations despite sharing the same macro-climate, geology, hydrology, dominant soils series, stand age, pollution regime, and land-use history. To test the strength of plant/soil associations inferred from previous work in two watersheds in the FEF, we measured NO3 availability and the composition of tree species in a third watershed that has intermediate stream-water NO3 concentrations. We also examined plant/soil relationships in these watersheds at the scale of individual trees. Across the spatial scales examined from individual trees to small watersheds there were consistent associations between tree species and soil NO3 availability. For individual trees, species with high underlying soil NO3 availability included Acer saccharum and Lireodendron tulipifera, whereas species with low underlying soil NO3 availability included Acer rubrum, Nyssa sylvatica, and Quercus prinus. For small plots we found plant/soil relationships that were consistent with those made apparent by sampling under individual trees of A. saccharum, A. rubrum, N. sylvatica, and Q. prinus. And at the scale of entire watersheds, those with higher stream-water NO3 had a greater importance of tree species associated with high NO3 availability at finer spatial scales than did the watershed with low stream-water NO3. The spatially-robust relationships between tree species and soil NO3 availability at the FEF suggest that well-characterized relationships between dominant tree species and soil properties should improve our understanding of how changes in the species composition of forest trees due to human activities, or natural causes, will alter rates of NO3 production and loss. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Peterjohn, William T.; Harlacher, Margaret A.; Christ, Martin J.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Adams, Mary Beth] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Peterjohn, WT (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM bpj@wvu.edu FU Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) program at the National Science Foundation [DEB-0417678, DEB-1019522] FX For logistical support and supplemental data we thank the staff at the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Parsons, WV. Nicholas Doner, Kristy Garnet and Christina Venable helped with a significant amount of the field sampling and laboratory analyses, with assistance from Madhu Chevuru, Jill Cooke, Shaohui Liu, Yvette Luketic, Kristine Magabo, Richard Ring and Jamison Shaffer. Funding for this research was provided by the Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) program at the National Science Foundation (Grant Nos. DEB-0417678 and DEB-1019522). NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 358 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.018 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV9MY UT WOS:000364612500031 ER PT J AU Dunk, JR Woodbridge, B Glenn, EM Davis, RJ Fitzgerald, K Henson, P LaPlante, DW Marcot, BG Noon, BR Raphael, MG Schumaker, NH White, B AF Dunk, Jeffrey R. Woodbridge, Brian Glenn, Elizabeth M. Davis, Raymond J. Fitzgerald, Katherine Henson, Paul LaPlante, David W. Marcot, Bruce G. Noon, Barry R. Raphael, Martin G. Schumaker, Nathan H. White, Brendan TI The scientific basis for modeling Northern Spotted Owl habitat: A response to Loehle, Irwin, Manly, and Merrill SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material DE Critical Habitat; MaxEnt; Northern Spotted Owl; Relative habitat suitability; Species distribution model; Strix occidentalis caurina ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; POINT PROCESS MODELS; NORTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA; REGIONAL CLIMATE; LOCAL WEATHER; SAMPLE-SIZE; PERFORMANCE; DISTRIBUTIONS; ECOLOGY; OREGON AB The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service recently revised the recovery plan (USFWS, 2011) and designated Critical Habitat (USFWS, 2012a) for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). The Critical Habitat designation was based in part on a map of relative habitat suitability that was developed by USFWS (2011, 2012b) for this purpose. Loehle et al. (2015) critiqued the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's approach to modeling relative habitat suitability for the Northern Spotted Owl. Here, we respond to Loehle et al.'s assessment, and identify four major shortcomings within it. First, it mischaracterizes the literature on spotted owls and MaxEnt, the species distribution model used by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Second, it is predicated upon several logic errors that, when resolved, undermine Loehle et al.'s conclusions. Third, it fails to demonstrate that the nesting and roosting site location data used by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is a biased sample. Lastly, Loehle et al.'s claims of significant flaws in analytical methods and ecological inference by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service are not convincing. We assert that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Northern Spotted Owl relative habitat suitability model was in fact scientifically rigorous, and that it met the intended goals that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service articulated for their models. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dunk, Jeffrey R.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Woodbridge, Brian; Fitzgerald, Katherine] USDI Fish & Wildlife Serv, Yreka Fish & Wildlife Off, Yreka, CA 96097 USA. [Glenn, Elizabeth M.; Henson, Paul; White, Brendan] USDI Fish & Wildlife Serv, Oregon Fish & Wildlife Off, Portland, OR 97266 USA. [Davis, Raymond J.] US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [LaPlante, David W.] Nat Resources Geospatial, Montague, CA 96064 USA. [Marcot, Bruce G.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Noon, Barry R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Noon, Barry R.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Raphael, Martin G.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Schumaker, Nathan H.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Environm Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Dunk, JR (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, 1 Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM Jeffrey.Dunk@humboldt.edu NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 358 BP 355 EP 360 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.06.035 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV9MY UT WOS:000364612500034 ER PT J AU Bell, DM Gregory, MJ Roberts, HM Davis, RJ Ohmann, JL AF Bell, David M. Gregory, Matthew J. Roberts, Heather M. Davis, Raymond J. Ohmann, Janet L. TI How sampling and scale limit accuracy assessment of vegetation maps: A comment on Loehle et al. (2015) SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material DE Accuracy assessment; Imputation mapping; Sampling bias; Spatial resolution ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; FOREST COMPOSITION; INVENTORY; MODELS AB Accuracy assessments of remote sensing products are necessary for identifying map strengths and weaknesses in scientific and management applications. However, not all accuracy assessments are created equal. Motivated by a recent study published in Forest Ecology and Management (Volume 342, pages 8-20), we explored the potential limitations of accuracy assessments related to characteristics of the field data: sampling bias and spatial resolution. The authors of the previous paper used data from variable radius plots near northern spotted owl nest sites to assess the predictive accuracy of gradient nearest neighbor (GNN) maps in portions of Oregon and Washington, USA. The field plots used for accuracy assessment (1) potentially biased the accuracy assessment toward older forests and (2) examined accuracy at finer scales than the imputation map predictions under consideration. To examine both the impacts of bias and scale in accuracy assessment, we assessed the predictive accuracy of GNN maps in western and southern Oregon. We found correlation coefficients between predicted (900 m(2)) and observed forest attributes for small plots (506 m(2)) were consistently lower than accuracy assessments using larger plots (4048 m(2)). Similarly, correlation coefficients based only on field plots near nest sites were lower than correlations based on all field plots. These results imply that sampling bias and small plot areas result in accuracy assessments that underestimate map predictive performance. In particular, assessing accuracy at spatial scales below the resolution of the map products are overly pessimistic (i.e., low correlation coefficients). While accuracy assessment is important, care needs to be taken to ensure that the sampling design for field data does not limit inference on map accuracy. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bell, David M.; Ohmann, Janet L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. [Gregory, Matthew J.; Roberts, Heather M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Davis, Raymond J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Reg, Portland, OR USA. RP Bell, DM (reprint author), 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM dmbell@fs.fed.us NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 358 BP 361 EP 364 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.07.017 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CV9MY UT WOS:000364612500035 ER PT J AU Wong, WW Clarke, LL AF Wong, William W. Clarke, Lucinda L. TI Accuracy of delta O-18 isotope ratio measurements on the same sample by continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLY-LABELED-WATER; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; ROOM CALORIMETRY; CARBON DIOXIDE; HYDROGEN GAS; VALIDATION; HUMANS; OXYGEN AB RATIONALE: The doubly labeled water method is considered the reference method to measure energy expenditure. Conventional mass spectrometry requires a separate aliquot of the same sample to be prepared and analyzed separately. With continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry, the same sample could be analyzed sequentially for both H-2 and O-18 content and thus minimize sample requirement, reduce analytical cost, and avoid memory effect. METHODS: The H-2 contents of 197 urine samples collected from 22 doubly labeled water studies were determined using a Thermo Delta V Advantage continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometer. The O-18 content of these samples was measured either using a separate aliquot of the same sample using a VG Isogas gas-isotope-ratio mass spectrometer or using the same sample following the H-2 measurements on a Thermo Delta V continuous-flow isotope-ratio instrument. RESULTS: The O-18 values using the same aliquot of samples were accurate to 0.18 2.61 parts per thousand (mean difference +/- standard deviation (SD); 95% CI, -0.18 to 0.55 parts per thousand; P = 0.33) compared with the values based on the standard conventional method. Bland and Altman pair-wise comparison also yielded a bias of 0.18 parts per thousand with a 95% limit of agreement between -4.94 and 5.30 parts per thousand. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated that continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry is capable of producing accurate O-18 measurements on the same sample after H-2 measurements. The method greatly reduces the analytical cost and sample size requirement and could easily be adopted by any laboratories equipped with a continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometer. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Wong, William W.; Clarke, Lucinda L.] USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Wong, WW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM wwong@bcm.edu FU USDA/ARS [6250-51000-053]; Nutrition Science Initiative (NuSI) FX Supported by USDA/ARS (Grant #6250-51000-053) and by a grant from Nutrition Science Initiative (NuSI). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA and NuSI, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0951-4198 EI 1097-0231 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 29 IS 23 BP 2252 EP 2256 DI 10.1002/rcm.7390 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA CV5SZ UT WOS:000364332700009 PM 26522317 ER PT J AU Guard, J Sanchez-Ingunza, R Shah, DH Rothrock, MJ Gast, RK Jones, DR AF Guard, Jean Sanchez-Ingunza, Roxana Shah, Devendra H. Rothrock, Michael J. Gast, Richard K. Jones, Deana R. TI Recovery of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis from hens initially infected with serovar Kentucky SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Food Integrity and Traceability Conference CY APR 08-10, 2014 CL Queen's Univ, Belfast, NORTH IRELAND HO Queen's Univ DE Salmonella; Egg; Poultry; Food safety; Serotype ID UNITED-STATES; SEROTYPE; POULTRY; CONTAMINATION; ENVIRONMENT; OUTBREAKS; VARIANTS; EPIDEMIC; DISEASE; CHICKEN AB Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis and Kentucky differ greatly in epidemiology. We wanted to know if the non-pathogenic serotype Kentucky impacted the recovery of the pathogen Enteritidis from chickens. To explore this issue, 4 groups of hens were treated as follows: (i) hens were inoculated orally with Kentucky and injected intramuscularly 2 weeks later with Enteritidis, (ii) hens were contact infected with Kentucky and then with Enteritidis, (iii) hens were injected with Enteritidis only, and (iv) hens were contact infected with Enteritidis only. Hens exposed orally to serotype Kentucky received 10 exp9 CFU, and hens injected with serotype Enteritidis received 10 exp7 CFU intramuscularly. Contact infected hens were kept in rooms with deliberately infected hens. Droppings, cecal tonsils and 5 internal organs were sampled and cultured at 6, 13 and 20 days post-infection from the 4 groups. Egg production was monitored. Results suggest that non-pathogenic serotypes of Salmonella may mitigate recovery of Enteritidis from chickens exposed by contact. In summary, we show results from an initial experiment intended to investigate if multiple serotypes impact the ecology of pathogenic S. enterica on-farm. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Guard, Jean; Rothrock, Michael J.; Gast, Richard K.; Jones, Deana R.] USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Sanchez-Ingunza, Roxana] CEVA Biomune, Lenexa, KS 66215 USA. [Shah, Devendra H.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Guard, J (reprint author), Vet Med Off, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Jean.guard@ars.usda.gov OI Shah, Devendra/0000-0001-6365-7868 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service as part of CRIS [6612-32000-007-00] FX This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service as part of CRIS#6612-32000-007-00, which addresses USDA-REE Goal 5: Food Safety and USDA-REE Goal 1: Local and Global Food Supply and Security (Subgoal 1D: Consumer and Industry Outreach, Policy, Markets, and Trade). NR 25 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 154 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 189 SI SI BP 86 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.02.018 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CN5HO UT WOS:000358460600013 PM 26190605 ER PT J AU Vaughn, SF Dinelli, FD Tisserat, B Joshee, N Vaughan, MM Peterson, SC AF Vaughn, Steven F. Dinelli, F. Dan Tisserat, Brent Joshee, Nirmal Vaughan, Martha M. Peterson, Steven C. TI Creeping bentgrass growth in sand-based root zones with or without biochar SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Sand-based root zones; Creeping bentgrass ID COURSE PUTTING GREENS; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SOIL; AMENDMENTS; CARBON; RETENTION; ROOTZONES; QUALITY; PEAT AB Organic amendments such as peat moss and various composts are typically added to sand-based root zones to increase water and nutrient retention. However, these attributes are typically lost within a few years as these amendments decompose. Biochar is a high carbon, porous coproduct produced from the pyrolysis of phytobiomass. Its unique porosity gives it excellent water and nutrient retention properties. Additionally, unlike other organic amendments, biochar is extremely resistant to microbial decomposition. Pure calcareous sand (control) or mixtures of three different biochars and sand at 1, 5 and 10% volume biochar/total volume were tested. Bulk densities decreased while percent pore space increased with the addition of all three biochars at all of the addition rates. Water retention was greater than the control in all but one of the biochar treatments, and several of the biochar mixtures had values for compaction resistance similar to pure sand. Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L. 'Pure Distinction') plant heights, root lengths, and fresh and dry weights were evaluated in mixtures grown hydroponically in polyvinyl chloride tubes (112 mm outside diameter x 99 mm inside diameter) filled 30 cm deep with 1 cm diameter pea gravel, over which 30 cm of either pure sand or sand/biochar mixtures were added to mimic a United States Golf Association root zone. Five weeks after seeding, plants grown in several of the biochar mixtures had significantly greater fresh and dry weights, shoot heights and root lengths than the control. Based on these results it appears that the addition of certain biochars would improve water retention and increase overall plant growth in sand-based root zones. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Vaughn, Steven F.; Tisserat, Brent] ARS, USDA, Funct Foods Res, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Dinelli, F. Dan] North Shore Country Club, Glenview, IL 60025 USA. [Joshee, Nirmal] Ft Valley State Univ, Dept Plant Sci Biotechnol, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. [Vaughan, Martha M.] ARS, USDA, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Peterson, Steven C.] ARS, USDA, Plant Polymer Res, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Vaughn, SF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Funct Foods Res, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Steven.Vaughn@ars.usda.gov FU capacity building USDA, National Institute for Food and Agriculture grant: Developing a sustainable bioenergy system: Paulownia production for fuel, chemicals, and materials [2014-01293] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Ray Holloway, Ashley Maness, AJ Thomas Jennifer Teresi and Todd Wert, and to Deb Palmquist for statistical analyses. Paulownia research was funded through a capacity building USDA, National Institute for Food and Agriculture grant: Developing a sustainable bioenergy system: Paulownia production for fuel, chemicals, and materials. Award #2014-01293. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD DEC 14 PY 2015 VL 197 BP 592 EP 596 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2015.10.021 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CZ9IN UT WOS:000367411400075 ER PT J AU Taus, NS Cunha, CW Marquard, J O'Toole, D Li, H AF Taus, Naomi S. Cunha, Cristina W. Marquard, Jana O'Toole, Donal Li, Hong TI Cross-Reactivity of Neutralizing Antibodies among Malignant Catarrhal Fever Viruses SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SHEEP NASAL SECRETIONS; OVINE HERPESVIRUS 2; ALCELAPHINE HERPESVIRUS-1; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; EAST-AFRICA; RUMINANTS AB Some members of the gamma herpesvirus genus Macavirus are maintained in nature as subclinical infections in well-adapted ungulate hosts. Transmission of these viruses to poorly adapted hosts, such as American bison and cattle, can result in the frequently fatal disease malignant catarrhal fever (MCF). Based on phylogenetic analysis, the MCF viruses (MCFV) cluster into two subgroups corresponding to the reservoir hosts' subfamilies: Alcelaphinae/Hippotraginae and Caprinae. Antibody cross-reactivity among MCFVs has been demonstrated using techniques such as enzyme linked immunosorbent and immunofluorescence assays. However, minimal information is available as to whether virus neutralizing antibodies generated against one MCFV cross react with other members of the genus. This study tested the neutralizing activity of serum and plasma from select MCFV-infected reservoir hosts against alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1) and ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2). Neutralizing antibody activity against AlHV-1 was detected in samples from infected hosts in the Alcelaphinae and Hippotraginae subfamilies, but not from hosts in the Caprinae subfamily. OvHV-2 neutralizing activity was demonstrated in samples from goats (Caprinae) but not from wildebeest (Alcelaphinae). These results show that neutralizing antibody cross reactivity is present to MCFVs within a virus subgroup but not between subgroups. This information is important for diagnosing infection with MCFVs and in the development of vaccines against MCF. C1 [Taus, Naomi S.; Li, Hong] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Taus, Naomi S.; Cunha, Cristina W.; Marquard, Jana; Li, Hong] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [O'Toole, Donal] Univ Wyoming, Wyoming State Vet Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Taus, NS (reprint author), ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM tausns@vetmed.wsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [CWU 5348-32000-032-00D] FX This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (CWU 5348-32000-032-00D). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 14 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0145073 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0145073 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CY9GR UT WOS:000366715900181 PM 26658281 ER EF