FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT S AU Kovalev, VA Susott, RA Hao, WM AF Kovalev, VA Susott, RA Hao, WM BE Werner, C TI Inversion of lidar signals from dense smoke contaminated with multiple scattering SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY FOR REMOTE SENSING SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology for Remote Sensing CY SEP 08-09, 2003 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP SPIE, Soc Espanola Opt, NASA, European Opt Soc DE lidar; signal inversion; multiple scattering ID INTEGRATING NEPHELOMETER; EQUATION; EXTINCTION; AEROSOL; CLOUDS AB Practical inversion methods are presented to account for the multiple scattering component of lidar signals. Two variants of the lidar signal inversion for dense smoke plumes, the near-end solution and the optical depth solution, are considered. In both cases, the measured lidar signal, contaminated by multiple scattering, is transformed into a form similar to the single-scattering lidar equation for a single-component atmosphere. To achieve this, a transformation factor related to the range-dependent ratio of the multiple-to-single scattering is determined using an assumed dependence of the ratio on the smoke optical depth. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Kovalev, VA (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, POB 8089, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5123-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5240 BP 214 EP 222 DI 10.1117/12.511179 PG 9 WC Remote Sensing; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Remote Sensing; Optics; Physics GA BY56P UT WOS:000189409800024 ER PT J AU Young, CT Schadel, WE Pattee, HE Sanders, TH AF Young, CT Schadel, WE Pattee, HE Sanders, TH TI The microstructure of almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb cv. 'Nonpareil') cotyledon SO LEBENSMITTEL-WISSENSCHAFT UND-TECHNOLOGIE-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protein body; lipid body; light microscopy; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; NUT AB Microstructure of almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb cv. 'Nonpareil') cotyledon was observed with light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The objective of this study was to characterise almond cotyledon surfaces as well as to describe internal and subcellular organisation. The testa has an outer epidermis, which consists of relatively large thin-walled cells, which range from 100 to 300 mum in width. The major portion of the testa consists of approximately 14-20 layers of flattened parenchymal cells with the total thickness of the layers ranging from 80 to 120 mum. The remainder of the testa was comprised of a small amount of vascular tissue. The embryo consisted primarily of parenchymal tissue with relatively thin cell walls (1-3 mum in thickness) and a small amount of provascular tissue. Protein bodies up to 12 mum in width and spaces once occupied by lipid bodies up to 3 mum in width were present in all cells of the embryo. (C) 2003 Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Bot, USDA, ARS,SAA,MQRHU, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Sci, USDA, ARS,SAA,MQRHU, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Pattee, HE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Bot, USDA, ARS,SAA,MQRHU, Box 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM harold_pattee@ncsu.edu NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0023-6438 J9 LEBENSM-WISS TECHNOL JI Lebensm.-Wiss. Technol.-Food Sci. Technol. PY 2004 VL 37 IS 3 BP 317 EP 322 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2003.09.007 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 813RR UT WOS:000220924700005 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Aguilar, GA Ruiz-Cruz, S Cruz-Valenzuela, R Rodriguez-Felix, A Wang, CY AF Gonzalez-Aguilar, GA Ruiz-Cruz, S Cruz-Valenzuela, R Rodriguez-Felix, A Wang, CY TI Physiological and quality changes of fresh-cut pineapple treated with antibrowning agents SO LEBENSMITTEL-WISSENSCHAFT UND-TECHNOLOGIE-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pineapple; slices; antibrowning; decay; ascorbic acid; isoascorbic acid; acetyl cysteine ID BROWNING INHIBITION; PROCESSED FRUITS; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; SHELF-LIFE; SLICES; DERIVATIVES; VEGETABLES; CANTALOUPE; APPLE; ATMOSPHERES AB The Physiological responses of pineapple slices to antibrowning agents have been studied. Slices were immersed for 2 min in solutions of isoascorbic acid (IAA) 0.1 mol/l, ascorbic acid (AA) 0.05 mol/I or acetyl cysteine (AC) 0.05 mol/l, packaged in polystyrene trays, prior to storage for up to 14 days at 10degreesC. The use of these antibrowning agents reduced browning and decay of pineapple slices significantly. These treatments also reduced changes in L* and b* values as well as firmness loss. Changes of in-package atmosphere did not adversely affect quality of slices. Slices treated with 0.1 mol/l IAA had the best visual appearance and were more acceptable compared with the control slices. The best results were obtained using IAA, followed by AC and AA. Organoleptic attributes were not affected and no off-flavors were detected in the treated slices. We conclude that pineapple slices can be maintained in good condition for up 14 days at 10degreesC following treatment with antibrowning agents. (C) 2003 Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 CIAD AC, Direcc Tecnol Alimentos Origen Vegetal, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gonzalez-Aguilar, GA (reprint author), CIAD AC, Direcc Tecnol Alimentos Origen Vegetal, Carretera Victoria Km 0-6,Carr A La Victoria, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. EM gustavo@cascabel.ciad.mx NR 27 TC 41 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0023-6438 J9 LEBENSM-WISS TECHNOL JI Lebensm.-Wiss. Technol.-Food Sci. Technol. PY 2004 VL 37 IS 3 BP 369 EP 376 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2003.10.007 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 813RR UT WOS:000220924700012 ER PT J AU Young, CT Pattee, HE Schadel, WE Sanders, TH AF Young, CT Pattee, HE Schadel, WE Sanders, TH TI Microstructure of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. 'NC 7') cotyledons during development SO LEBENSMITTEL-WISSENSCHAFT UND-TECHNOLOGIE-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE seed development; protein body; lipid body; starch grain ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY AB Peanut pods (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. 'NC 7) were sampled on a single harvest date. The fresh pods were opened, and the seeds were divided into four developmental categories: (1) Very immature; (2) miniature; (3) mature; and (4) very mature;, according to interior pericarp surfaces, testa color and textural characteristics, and seed size and shape. Seeds for each developmental stage were processed for SEM and TEM evaluations of cotyledonary cells. The primary factors, namely, cell size and type of storage substances synthesized, which contributed to the differences occurring in the microstructure of cotyledonary cells at the selected developmental stages prior to and during maturation are described. (C) 2003 Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Bot, USDA, ARS,SAA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Sci, USDA, ARS,SAA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Pattee, HE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Bot, USDA, ARS,SAA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM harold_pattee@ncsu.edu NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0023-6438 J9 LEBENSM-WISS TECHNOL JI Lebensm.-Wiss. Technol.-Food Sci. Technol. PY 2004 VL 37 IS 4 BP 439 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2003.10.016 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 815ZS UT WOS:000221080800007 ER PT J AU Ayala-Zavala, JF Wang, SY Wang, CY Gonzalez-Aguilar, GA AF Ayala-Zavala, JF Wang, SY Wang, CY Gonzalez-Aguilar, GA TI Effect of storage temperatures on antioxidant capacity and aroma compounds in strawberry fruit SO LEBENSMITTEL-WISSENSCHAFT UND-TECHNOLOGIE-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE storage temperature; antioxidant; aroma; strawberries ID QUALITY; PHENOLICS; CULTIVAR; FLAVOR AB The antioxidant capacity (measured as oxygen radical absorbance capacity, ORAC), total anthocyanins, total phenolics, aroma compounds, and postharvest quality of strawberry fruit (Fragaria x ananassa ev. Chandler) kept at 0degreesC, 5degreesC, and 10degreesC were investigated. Strawberry fruit stored at 10 C or 5 C showed higher antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, and anthocyanins than those stored at 0degreesC. However, the postharvest life based on overall quality was longer at 0degreesC than at 5degreesC or 10degreesC. The production of aroma compounds was markedly influenced by storage time and temperature. Individual aroma compounds were affected differently. For example, ethyl hexanoate, hexyl acetate, methyl acetate, and butyl acetate increased, while 3-hexenyl acetate and methyl hexanoate decreased during storage. In general, strawberries stored at 10degreesC or 5degreesC produced higher levels of these volatiles than those stored at 0degreesC. In conclusion, strawberries stored at 0degreesC retained an acceptable overall quality for the longest storage duration; however, berries stored at temperatures higher than 0degreesC showed higher content of aroma compounds and antioxidant capacity during the postharvest period. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. C1 USDA ARS, Plant Sci Inst, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Plant Sci Inst, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Ctr Invest Alimentac & Desarrollo, CIAD AC, Phuket 83000, Thailand. RP Wang, CY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci Inst, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Bg 002 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM wangc@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 127 Z9 144 U1 4 U2 50 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0023-6438 J9 LEBENSM-WISS TECHNOL JI Lebensm.-Wiss. Technol.-Food Sci. Technol. PY 2004 VL 37 IS 7 BP 687 EP 695 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2004.03.002 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 848ST UT WOS:000223488100001 ER PT J AU Csordas, AT Barak, JD Delwiche, MJ AF Csordas, AT Barak, JD Delwiche, MJ TI Comparison of primers for the detection of Salmonella enterica serovars using real-time PCR SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dissociation analysis; invA gene; primer dimer; SYBR Green; threshold cycle ID RAPID DETECTION; IDENTIFICATION; ASSAY; AMPLIFICATION; CANTALOUPES; TYPHIMURIUM; SEQUENCE; OUTBREAK; SPROUTS; POULTRY AB Aims: To evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of PCR primers for the detection of Salmonella enterica in a real-time PCR assay using pure cultures. Methods and Results: Unenriched whole cells in sterile water were used as template for each PCR. SYBR Green dye was used for the nonspecific detection of dsDNA. The real-time PCR detection limits of five previously published primer sets used in conventional PCR applications were not below 3 x 10(3) CFU per reaction (rxn). A new primer set, Sen, was designed, which detected Salm. enterica Newport down to 6 CFU rxn(-1) in one case, and gave an average detection limit of 35 CFU rxn(-1) over three separate runs. Conclusions: Primers originally designed for end-point PCR did not have adequate specificity or sensitivity compared with those specifically designed for real-time PCR. Significnace and Impact of the Study: This study emphasizes the importance of evaluating real-time PCR primer sets in pure cultures prior to testing in field samples. This study will benefit other researchers in selecting an appropriate primer set for real-time PCR detection of Salm. enterica. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP Delwiche, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mjdelwiche@ucdavis.edu NR 21 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PY 2004 VL 39 IS 2 BP 187 EP 193 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2004.01559.x PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 835YL UT WOS:000222521500012 PM 15242460 ER PT J AU Jung, YS Anderson, RC Callaway, TR Edrington, TS Genovese, KJ Harvey, RB Poole, TL Nisbet, DJ AF Jung, YS Anderson, RC Callaway, TR Edrington, TS Genovese, KJ Harvey, RB Poole, TL Nisbet, DJ TI Inhibitory activity of 2-nitropropanol against select food-borne pathogens in vitro SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial; bactericidal; food safety; food-borne pathogens; intervention ID ENTEROHEMORRHAGIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CATTLE; NITROCOMPOUNDS; METHANOGENESIS; MISEROTOXIN; METABOLISM; REDUCTION; RATS AB Aims: To test the inhibitory activity of 2-nitro-1-propanol (2NPOH) against Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Enterococcus faecalis. Methods and Results: Specific growth rates (h(-1)) of S. Typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7 and Ent. faecalis were determined during culture in tryptic soya broth (TSB) supplemented with 0-10 mm 2NPOH. Growth rates were inhibited by 2NPOH, with nearly complete inhibition observed with 10 mm. Studies with S. Typhimurium revealed that its survivability during culture in TSB containing 5 or 10 mm 2NPOH was lower (P < 0.05) under aerobic than anaerobic conditions. The survivability of Salmonella during anaerobic culture in TSB containing 2.5 mm 2NPOH was less at pH 5.6 than at pH 7.0 and 8.0. No Salmonella survived anaerobic incubation in TSB supplemented with 10 mm 2NPOH regardless of pH. When incubated in suspensions of freshly collected populations of ruminal and faecal bacteria, Salmonella concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in suspensions containing 10 mm 2NPOH than in suspensions containing no 2NPOH. Conclusions: 2NPOH inhibited S. Typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7 and Ent. faecalis. Significance and Impact of the Study: Results suggest that 2NPOH may be a useful antimicrobial supplement to reduce carriage of certain food-borne pathogens in food animals. C1 So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Anderson, RC (reprint author), So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM anderson@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PY 2004 VL 39 IS 5 BP 471 EP 476 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2004.01613.x PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 861EJ UT WOS:000224398600014 PM 15482440 ER PT J AU Bischoff, KM Edrington, TS Callaway, TR Genovese, KJ Nisbet, DJ AF Bischoff, KM Edrington, TS Callaway, TR Genovese, KJ Nisbet, DJ TI Characterization of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella Kinshasa from dairy calves in Texas SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE animal health; antibiotic resistance; dairy calves; food safety; Salmonella ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FOOD ANIMALS; CATTLE; BACTERIA; PIGS; SPP.; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PERSISTENCE; ANTIBIOTICS; PREVALENCE AB Aim: To determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella isolated from a central Texas dairy calf farm that raises animals for dairy-beef production. Methods and Results: Salmonella isolates collected from 50 faecal samples were characterized for susceptibility to 20 antimicrobial agents. Seventy per cent of the faecal samples (35 of 50) tested positive for Salmonella, and high rates of resistance to the following drugs that are commonly used for treatment of bacterial enteritis in livestock were observed: ampicillin (88%), apramycin (83%), neomycin (86%), spectinomycin (91%) and oxytetracycline (90%). No resistance to the fluoroquinolone antibiotics was observed. The most prevalent Salmonella serotype was Kinshasha (22 of 35 samples), followed by Agona (4 of 35), Newport (3 of 35), Infantis (2 of 35), Montevideo (2 of 35), Lille (1 of 35) and Newington (1 of 35). The Kinshasa, Agona, Newport and Infantis serotypes all displayed resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphamethoxazole and tetracycline, and the penta-resistance phenotype was transferable to an Escherichia coli recipient strain. Significance: Multi-drug resistant Salmonella in dairy calves pose a costly animal health problem and a potential risk to the public health. This study emphasizes the need for alternative, non-antimicrobial intervention strategies for the control of zoonotic pathogens. C1 USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Bischoff, KM (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM bischoff@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PY 2004 VL 38 IS 2 BP 140 EP 145 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2003.01476.x PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 766YM UT WOS:000188411400012 PM 14746546 ER PT J AU Edrington, TS Hume, ME Looper, ML Schultz, CL Fitzgerald, AC Callaway, TR Genovese, KJ Bischoff, KM McReynolds, JL Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ AF Edrington, TS Hume, ME Looper, ML Schultz, CL Fitzgerald, AC Callaway, TR Genovese, KJ Bischoff, KM McReynolds, JL Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ TI Variation in the faecal shedding of Salmonella and E-coli O157 : H7 in lactating dairy cattle and examination of Salmonella genotypes using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dairy cattle; E. coli O157 : H7; genotype; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; Salmonella ID DUBLIN INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; BEEF-CATTLE; HERDS; PREVALENCE; SEROTYPES; COWS; SLAUGHTER/; FARMS; SPP. AB Aims: To examine the variability in faecal shedding of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O15:H7 in healthy lactating dairy cattle and to evaluate the genetic relatedness of Salmonella isolates. Methods: Faecal samples were obtained from lactating Holstein dairy cattle on four commercial farms in the southwestern US. All farms were within an 8-km radius and were sampled in August 2001, January 2002 and August 2002 (60 cows per farm per sampling; n = 720 total samples). Samples were cultured for E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella and a portion of the recovered Salmonella. isolates were examined for genetic relatedness using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: Faecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella varied considerably between farms and at the different sampling times. Large fluctuations in the percentage of positive animals were observed from summer to summer for both of these pathogens. Similarly, Salmonella serotype and serotype prevalence varied from farm to farm and within farm from one sampling time to another. Multiple Salmonella genotypes were detected for a number of serotypes and identical genotypes were found on different farms with one genotype of Salmonella Senftenberg identified on three of the four farms. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study demonstrated the wide variability in pathogen shedding within and among dairy farms all located in a small geographical region and highlights the complexity of pathogen control at the farm level. C1 ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Edrington, TS (reprint author), ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM edrington@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 27 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PY 2004 VL 38 IS 5 BP 366 EP 372 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2004.01495.x PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 840HA UT WOS:000222847500005 PM 15059205 ER PT J AU Kong, P Hong, CX Tooley, PW Ivors, K Garbelotto, M Richardson, PA AF Kong, P Hong, CX Tooley, PW Ivors, K Garbelotto, M Richardson, PA TI Rapid identification of Phytophthora ramorum using PCR-SSCP analysis of ribosomal DNA ITS-1 SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phytophthora ramorum; Rhododendron; sudden oak death; taxonomy; Viburnum ID STRAND-CONFORMATION POLYMORPHISM; GENUS PHYTOPHTHORA; DIFFERENTIATION; MEGASPERMA; CALIFORNIA; PATHOGEN AB Aims: The primary objectives of this study were to determine if a single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis can be used for rapid identification of Phytophthora ramorum, an important quarantine plant pathogen worldwide, and to further assess the potential of the SSCP technique as a taxonomic tool for the genus Phytophthora. Methods and Results: SSCP of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 was characterized for 12 isolates of P. ramorum, using a recently reported protocol. The SSCP patterns of this species then were compared with those of 18 closely related Phytophthora species. Phytophthora ramorum had a unique pattern and was easily distinguished from genetically, morphologically and ecologically close relatives. Conclusion: An immediate benefit of this study is provision of a highly effective and efficient identification tool for P. ramorum in the quarantine process. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study also provides additional evidence demonstrating that the SSCP is an ideal DNA marker for species differentiation within the genus Phytophthora. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Hampton Rd Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Virginia Beach, VA 23455 USA. ARS, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept ESPM ES, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hong, CX (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Hampton Rd Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Virginia Beach, VA 23455 USA. EM chhong2@vt.edu NR 30 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PY 2004 VL 38 IS 5 BP 433 EP 439 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2004.01510.x PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 840HA UT WOS:000222847500017 PM 15059217 ER PT J AU Emken, EA Adlof, RO Duval, SM Shane, JM Walker, PM Becker, C AF Emken, EA Adlof, RO Duval, SM Shane, JM Walker, PM Becker, C TI Effect of triacylglycerol structure on absorption and metabolism of isotope-labeled palmitic and linoleic acids by humans SO LIPIDS LA English DT Article ID LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; FORMULA-FED PIGLETS; POSITIONAL DISTRIBUTION; PLASMA-LIPIDS; FATTY-ACIDS; DIETARY TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; NORMOLIPEMIC SUBJECTS; HEALTHY-MEN; CHYLOMICRON; TRIGLYCERIDES AB The effect of dietary TAG structure and fatty acid acyl TAG position on palmitic and linoleic acid metabolism was investigated in four middle-aged male subjects. The study design consisted of feeding diets containing 61 g/d of native lard (NL) or randomized lard (RL) for 28 d. Subjects then received an oral dose of either 1,3-tetradeuteriopalmitoyl-2-dideuteriolinoleoyl-rac-glycerol or a mixture of 1,3-dideuteriolinoleoyl-2-tetradeuteriopalmitoyl-rac-glycerol and 1,3-hexadeuteriopalmitoyl-2-tetradeuteriolinoleoyl-rac-glycerol. Methyl esters of plasma lipids isolated from blood samples drawn over a 2-d period were analyzed by GC-MS. Results showed that absorption of the H-2-fatty acids (H-2-FA) was not influenced by TAG position. The H-2-FA at the 2-acyl TAG position were 85 +/- 4.6% retained after absorption. Substantial migration of H-2-1 6:0 (31.2 +/- 8.6%) from the sn-2 TAG position to the sn-1,3 position and H-2-18:2n-6 (52.8 +/- 6.4%) from the sn-1,3 position to the sn-2 position of chylomicron TAG occurred after initial absorption and indicates the presence of a previously unrecognized isomerization mechanism. Incorporation and turnover of the 2H-FA in chylomicron TAG, plasma TAG, and plasma cholesterol esters were not influenced by TAG acyl position. Accretion of (2)H16:0 from the sn-2 TAG position in 1-acylphosphatidylcholine was 1.7 times higher than 2H-1 6:0 from the sn-1,3 TAG positions. Acyl TAG position did not influence 2H-1 8:2n-6 incorporation in PC. The concentration of H-2-18:2n-6-derived H-2-20:4n-6 in plasma PC from subjects fed the RL diet was 1.5 times higher than for subjects fed the NL diet, and this result suggests that diets containing 16:0 located at the sn-2 TAG position may inhibit 20:4n-6 synthesis. The overall conclusion is that selective rearrangement of chylomicron TAG structures diminishes but does not totally eliminate the metabolic and physiological effects of dietary TAG structure. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. Illinois State Univ, Normal, IL 61790 USA. Pelikan Technol Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. RP Emken, EA (reprint author), Midwest Res Consultants, 11422 Princeville Jubilee Rd, Princeville, IL 61559 USA. EM eaemken@npoint.net NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC A O C S PRESS PI CHAMPAIGN PA 221 W BRADLEY AVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-1827 USA SN 0024-4201 J9 LIPIDS JI Lipids PD JAN PY 2004 VL 39 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1007/s11745-004-1194-6 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 800XM UT WOS:000220061000001 PM 15055228 ER PT J AU Carroll, JA Fangman, TJ Hambach, AK Wiedmeyer, CE AF Carroll, JA Fangman, TJ Hambach, AK Wiedmeyer, CE TI The acute phase response in pigs experimentally infected with Escherichia coli and treated with systemic bactericidal antibiotics SO LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pigs; antibiotics; acute phase response ID SERUM HAPTOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; ACTINOBACILLUS-PLEUROPNEUMONIAE; YOUNG-PIGS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; CYTOKINES; PLASMA; SWINE; INTERLEUKIN-6 AB The objective of this study was to monitor the acute phase response (APR) in pigs experimentally infected with a known enterotoxogenic strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli) followed by treatment with a systemic bactericidal antibiotic to evaluate a model of acute enterotoxemia. The APR was determined by measuring rectal temperature (RT) and serum concentration of cortisol (CS), C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (HG), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Twenty-four single source, male, 24-day-old, crossbred pigs were used for this study. Twelve of the pigs were non-surgically cannulated for blood collection and 12 were used for RT monitoring. All pigs received an oral dose of E. coli K88 (2.4 X 10(8) colony-forming units). Five hours later, six pigs in each group received an intramuscular injection of 0.5 ml of saline and the remaining six received an intramuscular injection of antibiotic (25 mg of Ceftiofur HCl in 0.5 ml). Data collection occurred hourly from - 1 to 5 h post-E. coli, then every 30 min between 5 and 8 h, and at 24 h post-E. coli. Prior to antibiotic treatment, RT increased (P<0.0001) in both treatment groups. After antibiotic treatment , RT, CS, and CRP were all higher in the antibiotic treatment groups (P<0.05) compared to the saline groups. An increase in HG and IFN-gamma (P<0.01) was observed in both groups, while TNF-alpha remained unchanged. Results indicate that systemic bactericidal antibiotic treatment post-E. coli induces an APR similar to that in other studies using different models of enterotoxemia. Therefore, we propose that this approach of eliciting an acute enterotoxemia provides a more natural scenario encountered in a swine production unit. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Anim Sci Res Ctr, Anim Physiol Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Coll Vet Med, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Carroll, JA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Anim Sci Res Ctr, Anim Physiol Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM carrollja@missouri.edu NR 21 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-6226 J9 LIVEST PROD SCI JI Livest. Prod. Sci. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 85 IS 1 BP 35 EP 44 DI 10.1016/S0301-6226(03)00115-5 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 764RY UT WOS:000188220900004 ER PT J AU Redinbaugh, MG Jones, MW Gingery, RE AF Redinbaugh, MG Jones, MW Gingery, RE TI The genetics of virus resistance in maize (Zea mays L.) SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE quantitative trait loci (QTL); maize; virus resistance ID DWARF MOSAIC-VIRUS; HIGH-PLAINS VIRUS; LOCI CONFERRING RESISTANCE; TOBACCO ETCH VIRUS; STREAK VIRUS; INBRED LINES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; MASCARENE SOURCE; SCMV RESISTANCE; AFLP MARKERS AB The identification and mapping of genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with virus resistance in maize (Zea mat's L.) are reviewed. Genes or major QTL for resistance to Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Maize mosaic virus, Maize streak virus, High Plains virus and Maize chlorotic dwarf virus have been mapped in the maize genome. Resistance to other viruses including Maize rayado fino virus, maize fine streak virus and maize necrotic streak virus has been identified, but not characterized genetically. Clusters of maize virus resistance genes are located on chromosomes 3, 6 and 10. The cluster on chromosome 6 (bin 6.01 near umc85) carries resistance to three members of the Potyviridae (MDMV, SCMV and WSMV). The clusters on chromosomes 3 (bin 3.05 near umc102) and 10 (bin 10.05 near umc44) carry resistance to phylogenetically diverse viruses as well as bacterial and fungal pathogens. C1 USDA, ARS, Corn Soybean Res, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Redinbaugh, MG (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Corn Soybean Res, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM redinbangh.2@osu.edu RI Redinbaugh, Margaret/A-3611-2013 NR 63 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2004 VL 49 IS 3 BP 183 EP 190 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 880FH UT WOS:000225773900005 ER PT J AU Louie, R Abt, JJ AF Louie, R Abt, JJ TI Mechanical transmission of maize rough dwarf virus SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE corn; vascular puncture inoculation; MRDV; virus disease ID RIO-CUARTO VIRUS; MOSAIC-VIRUS; RESISTANCE; ARGENTINA; INOCULATIONS; WHEAT; CORN AB Louie, R. and J. J. Abt. 2004. Mechanical transmission of maize rough dwarf virus. Vascular puncture inoculation (VPI) and host developmental variables were modified to improve transmission of a maize rough dwarf virus isolate from Spain (MRDV-SP) to Pioneer hybrid 3379. MRDV-SP transmission at >90% resulted when sequentially, kernels were soaked in tap water at 30 degreesC for 2.5 hr, incubated for 4 hr at 21 degreesC, inoculated along both sides of the embryo axis by VPI, additionally incubated at 30 degreesC for 48 hr and then planted in soil. However, variations among replications remained significant and indicated that this inoculation procedure did not resolve all factors affecting consistent transmission. Placement of inoculated kernels in different emergence or growth environments after the 48 hr postinoculation incubation at 30 degreesC did not significantly improve MRDV-SP transmission. To investigate virus transmission by VPI, inbred Pa405 and `Spirit' sweetcorn kernels were inoculated with maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV-A) or mock-inoculated with purple ink, respectively. Based on the distribution of mosaic patterns is MDMV-infected seedling leaves of inbred Pa405 and the permeation of the purple dye in `Spirit' sweetcorn kernels after VPI, we hypothesize that the vibrating pins of the engraving tool in VPI efficiently created suitable wounds in cell membranes for virus infection. C1 USDA ARS, Corn & Soyabean Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. Ohio State Univ, Cooperat Invest USDA, ARS, Wooster, OH USA. RP Abt, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn & Soyabean Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM abt.7@osu.edu NR 28 TC 8 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2004 VL 49 IS 3 BP 231 EP 240 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 880FH UT WOS:000225773900010 ER PT J AU Scott, MP Bhatnagar, S Betran, J AF Scott, MP Bhatnagar, S Betran, J TI Tryptophan and methionine levels in quality protein maize breeding germplasm SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE tryptophan; methionine; quality protein maize ID NORTHERN ADAPTED CULTIVARS; ZEIN PROTEIN; ENDOSPERM; VARIABILITY; STABILITY; SEQUENCE AB Because maize (Zea mays L.) is often used either as food for humans or as feed for monogastric animals, essential amino acid levels are important. Maize kernels containing the opaque-2 (o2) mutation have improved amino acid balance and poor agronomic qualities including opaque kernels that are soft and susceptible to mechanical and biological damage. Quality Protein maize (QPM) developed through plant breeding has improved amino acid balance conferred by the opaque-2 (o2) mutation but lacks the agronomic deficiencies normally associated with this mutation. To characterize the amino acid balance in QPM breeding germplasm, we determined the levels of nutritionally limiting amino acids tryptophan and methionine. Tryptophan levels were negatively correlated with endosperm translucence, a measure of kernel hardness suggesting the process of selection for hard-kernels reduces tryptophan levels. On average, germplasm containing the o2/o2 mutation had lower methionine levels than O2/O2 germplasm regardless of kernel hardness, suggesting methionine levels could be reduced by the o2/o2 mutation. A series of inbred lines was test-crossed to the o2/o2 soft endosperm inbred line Tx804. The predictive value of the characteristics of the inbred line for the characteristics of the hybrids was examined. The amino acid levels of the inbred lines were significantly correlated with those of the hybrids, alth9ough the predictive value was low (R-2 = 0.13 and 0.27 for methionine and tryptophan, respectively). The reduction in tryptophan during conversion to the hard-kernel phenotype and the reduction in methionine in o2 germplasm both reduce the nutritional value of QPM. It may be possible to correct these deficiencies by breeding and selection for levels of tryptophan and methionine. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50014 USA. RP Betran, J (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM javier-betran@tamu.edu RI Scott, M./E-3291-2010 NR 25 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2004 VL 49 IS 4 BP 303 EP 311 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 932TK UT WOS:000229576100008 ER PT J AU Harris, KB Pond, WG Mersmann, HJ Smith, EO Cross, HR Savell, JW AF Harris, KB Pond, WG Mersmann, HJ Smith, EO Cross, HR Savell, JW TI Evaluation of fat sources on cholesterol and lipoproteins using pigs selected for high or low serum cholesterol SO MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cholesterol; genetic differences; pigs; blood lipids ID GROWING-FINISHING SWINE; PLASMA-CHOLESTEROL; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; ACID COMPOSITION; BODY; LIPIDS; LEVEL; BLOOD; BEEF AB At approximately 8 weeks of age, four-way cross (Chester White x Landracex Large White x Yorkshire) pigs (n = 24) were selected based on genetically high (H) or low (L) serum cholesterol levels-12 from each genetic group-to determine the relationship between genetics, fat source, and sex class on plasma cholesterol, growth, carcass characteristics, and cholesterol and lipid content of muscle and adipose tissues. Boars and gilts, six each from the two genetic groups, were assigned randomly to one of three dietary treatments for 46 days. A standard grower diet was modified to include beef tallow (T), corn oil (CR) or coconut oil (CC), and the pigs were given ad libitum access to feed. Cholesterol was added to each diet to ensure the diets contained the same amount of cholesterol. Except for the plasma lipids, there were no differences between boars and gilts at the initial evaluation or at the end of the treatment; therefore, sex means were pooled for statistical analyses. Body weight was unaffected by diet on days 18, 29 or 46. Blood samples were taken on days 1, 29, and 46 via the anterior vena cava. Plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) concentrations were greater in the H than L groups (overall TC in H and L pigs = 150 and 124 mg/dl, respectively, and LDL in H and L pigs = 105 and 76 mg/dl, respectively). Pigs fed diets containing saturated fats had greater TC and LDL than pigs fed unsaturated fats (TC = 165, 149, and 126 mg/dl for T, CC, and CR diets, respectively, and LDL = 108, 88, and 77 mg/dl for T, CC, and CR diets, respectively). There were significant time x gene x sex interactions for both TC and LDL yielding subtle differences in the response of the sexes from the two genetic groups over time. Pigs were slaughtered on day 46, and carcass data were collected. There were no differences in fat at the first rib, 10th rib, last rib, or last lumbar vertebra, but differences (P < 0.05) were found between genetic groups for M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle area (H = 21.0 +/- 0.8 cm(2), L= 18.1 +/- 1.0 cm(2)) and USDA muscle score (H = 2.1 +/- 0.1, L= 1.7 +/- 0.1). There were no genetic or diet effects for cholesterol content of pre-rigor or post-rigor LTL muscle. Neither genetics nor dietary treatment affected the cholesterol content of the adipose tissue. There were no differences in fat percentage between genetic groups for muscle or adipose tissue. There were differences (P < 0.05) in total lipid content among the dietary treatments for the pre-rigor (T = 6.0 +/- 0.6%, CC = 4.3 +/- 0.3%, CN = 3.9 +/- 0.5%) and post-rigor (T = 6.4 +/- 0.9%, CC = 4.1 +/- 0.3%, CN = 5.0 +/- 0.4%) LTL. Cholesterol accretion in muscle and adipose tissues of growing pigs was not influenced by source of fat in the diet or by their genetic propensity for high or low plasma cholesterol. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Dept Anim Sci, Meat Sci Sect, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat & Med, USDA ARS,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Harris, KB (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Dept Anim Sci, Meat Sci Sect, 2471 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Savell, Jeffrey/C-2434-2008 OI Savell, Jeffrey/0000-0003-0354-1286 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1740 J9 MEAT SCI JI Meat Sci. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 66 IS 1 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1016/S0309-1740(03)00012-3 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 735GK UT WOS:000186104100006 PM 22063931 ER PT J AU Teas, J Hebert, JR Fitton, JH Zimba, PV AF Teas, J Hebert, JR Fitton, JH Zimba, PV TI Algae - a poor man's HAART? SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES LA English DT Article ID HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; SPIRULINA-PLATENSIS; IN-VITRO; SULFATED POLYSACCHARIDE; ARTHROSPIRA-PLATENSIS; DEXTRAN SULFATE; SEAWEED EXTRACT; HIV AB Drawing inferences from epidemiologic studies of HIV/AIDS and in vivo and in vitro HIV inhibition by algae, we propose algal consumption as one unifying characteristic of countries with anomalously low rates. HIV/AIDS incidence and prevalence in Eastern Asia (approximate to1/10,000 adults in Japan and Korea), compared to Africa (approximate to1/10 adults), strongly suggest that differences in IV drug use and sexual behavior are insufficient to explain the 1000-fold variation. Even in Africa, AIDS/HIV rates vary. Chad has consistently reported low rates of HIV/AIDS (2-4/100). Possibly not coincidentally, most people in Japan and Korea eat seaweed daily and the Kanemba, one of the major tribal groups in Chad, eat a blue green alga (Spirulina) daily. Average daily algae consumption in Asia and Africa ranges between 1 and 2 tablespoons (3-13 g). Regular consumption of dietary algae might help prevent HIV infection and suppress viral load among those infected. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ S Carolina, Norman J Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29203 USA. S Carolina Canc Ctr, Columbia, SC 29203 USA. Marine Biomed Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia. USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Teas, J (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Norman J Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, 15 Med Pk,Suite 301, Columbia, SC 29203 USA. EM jane.teas@palmettohealth.org RI Zimba, Paul/O-2778-2013 NR 20 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0306-9877 J9 MED HYPOTHESES JI Med. Hypotheses PY 2004 VL 62 IS 4 BP 507 EP 510 DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2003.10.005 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 811LC UT WOS:000220772400006 PM 15050097 ER PT B AU Bhatnagar, D Payne, GA Cleveland, TE Roberts, JF AF Bhatnagar, D Payne, GA Cleveland, TE Roberts, JF BE Barug, D VanEgmond, HP LopezGarcia, R VanOsenbruggen, WA Visconti, A TI Mycotoxins: Current issues in USA SO MEETING THE MYCOTOXIN MENACE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd World Mycotoxin Forum CY FEB 17-18, 2003 CL Noordwijk, NETHERLANDS ID PREHARVEST AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; TRICHOTHECENE 3-O-ACETYLTRANSFERASE GENE; ASPERGILLUS SECTION FLAVI; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; EAR ROT; FUMONISIN BIOSYNTHESIS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; MAIZE KERNELS; UNITED-STATES AB Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that cause a toxic response (mycotoxicosis) when ingested by higher animals. Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium are the primary fungal genera that produce these toxins in the human food chain. Mycotoxins can contaminate human foods and animal feeds through fungal growth prior to and during harvest, or from improper storage following harvest. Based on health concerns, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has set regulatory limits on the permissible levels of aflatoxins in food and feed, and guidelines have been issued for deoxynivalenol, fumonisins and patulin. FDA has issued no regulations or guidelines for ochratoxin A content at this time. These regulatory guidelines (within the U.S. as well as those enforced internationally) and crop losses due to disease caused by mycotoxigenic fungi have put a tremendous economic burden on U.S. agriculture. It is estimated that the mean direct economic annual costs of crop losses from just three mycotoxins, namely aflatoxins, fumonisins, and deoxynivalenol, are $932 million. Therefore, there is significant emphasis being placed on devising (1) sensitive, specific, non-destructive and rapid procedures for detecting fungal and toxin contamination of crops; (2) effective strategies for controlling pre-harvest contamination and post-harvest decontamination of commodities. New biosensors are being developed using fiber optics, hyperspectral and near infrared imaging for rapid and sensitive detection of mycotoxins or toxigenic fungi. The genetics and biology of aflatoxins, trichothecenes and fumonisins biosyntheses have been investigated in significant detail, and many of the genes and/or enzymes involved in toxin formation have been identified. Genomic efforts, such as Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) microarrays, cosmid clone sequencing, chromosome sequencing, and large-scale whole genome sequencing on toxigenic and non-toxigenic Aspergillus and Fusarium species have been made in recent years. Significant in-roads have been made in establishing various control strategies such as development of atoxigenic biocontrol fungi that can out compete toxigenic fungi. Potential biochemical and genetic resistance markers have been identified in crops, particularly in corn, which are being utilized as selectable markers in breeding for resistance to aflatoxin contamination; and prototypes of genetically engineered crops have been developed which contain genes for resistance. In addition, specific mode of action of mycotoxins in human health is being examined in detail. For example, the immuno suppressive nature of mycotoxins, the exposure to multiple mycotoxins, the interaction of mycotoxins with dietary components, the role of fumonisins in cancer, and the risks of ochratoxin and cyclopiazonic acid exposure is being elucidated. The role of fungi and the relevant mycotoxins, if any, on indoor air quality is being examined. And, with the events of bioterrorism in the last decade, particularly with respect to the potential for use of mycotoxins as bioterrorism agents, rapid detection and detoxification procedures for these compounds are being developed. C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Bhatnagar, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM dbhatnag@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 94 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 11 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 220, 6700 AE WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-76998-28-0 PY 2004 BP 17 EP 47 PG 31 WC Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA BY60D UT WOS:000189418400001 ER PT B AU Schatzki, TE Toyofuku, N AF Schatzki, TE Toyofuku, N BE Barug, D VanEgmond, HP LopezGarcia, R VanOsenbruggen, WA Visconti, A TI Sampling and sample preparation of pistachios SO MEETING THE MYCOTOXIN MENACE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd World Mycotoxin Forum CY FEB 17-18, 2003 CL Noordwijk, NETHERLANDS ID AFLATOXIN; PEANUTS AB A theory has been developed to quantify the reduction of sub-sample variance of aflatoxin contamination, which is observed when granular materials are wet slurried, rather than dry ground, during sub-sample homogenization. A coefficient of variation, based on particle size distribution, sub-sample size and probability of contamination, is predicted. The theory is tested with dry ground and with wet slurried pistachios and excellent quantitative agreement is obtained. A 32% increase in the mean aflatoxin level is observed as well when wet slurrying is applied. While no statistical explanation for this effect can be found, it is suggested that it is related to physio-chemical binding between the nut matrix and aflatoxin which is (partly) broken by wet slurrying, making the extraction of more toxin possible. Other parameters which may affect slurrying results have been investigated as well. C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Schatzki, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 220, 6700 AE WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-76998-28-0 PY 2004 BP 221 EP 235 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA BY60D UT WOS:000189418400013 ER PT J AU Waters, WR Palmer, MV Nonnecke, BJ Whipple, DL Horst, RL AF Waters, WR Palmer, MV Nonnecke, BJ Whipple, DL Horst, RL TI Mycobacterium bovis infection of vitamin D-deficient NOS2(-/-) mice SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium bovis; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3; nitric oxide; NOS2; mouse ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; WHITE-TAILED DEER; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; TUBERCULOSIS; GAMMA; PROLIFERATION; MODULATION; INTERFERON AB Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk for tuberculosis infection. Studies using in vitro systems indicate that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 [i.e. 1,25(OH)(2)D-3], the most active form of the vitamin, enhances mycobacterial killing by increasing nitric oxide (NO) production. To evaluate concurrently the role of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 and NO on the host response to tuberculosis infection, mice deficient in NO synthase 2 (NOS2(-/-)) and/or vitamin D were aerosol-challenged with Mycobacterium bovis and subsequently evaluated for mycobacterial colonization and lesion formation. Infected NOS2(-/-) mice developed severe necrotizing pyogranulomatous inflammation of the lungs with heavy M. bovis colonization and systemic dissemination of the bacillus. Colonization and lung lesion area of NOS2(-/-) mice exceeded that of NOS2(+/+) mice. Additionally, disease progression was more rapid in NOS2(-/-) mice than in NOS2(+/+) mice. Lung colonization and lesion area of vitamin D deficient mice exceeded that of vitamin D replete mice, regardless of NOS2 phenotype. However, effects of vitamin D on colonization, but not lesion area, were more pronounced in NOS2(+/+) mice than in NOS2-/- mice. These findings are consistent with the current hypothesis that 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 enhances mycobacterial killing through a NO-dependent mechanism. As responses of NOS2(-/-) mice were affected by 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 deficiency, albeit to a lesser extent than were those of NOS2(+/+) mice, NO-independent actions of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 also likely exist. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA, ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. USDA, ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Periparturient Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Waters, WR (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM rwaters@nadc.ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 36 IS 1 BP 11 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2003.08.008 PG 7 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 765EZ UT WOS:000188255300002 PM 14643635 ER PT S AU Abrams, SA AF Abrams, SA BE Pettifor, JM Zlotkin, S TI Stable isotope methods in micronutrient research SO Micronutrient Deficiencies during the Weaning Period and the First Years of Life SE NESTLE NUTRITION WORKSHOP SERIES PEDIATRIC PROGRAM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Nestle Pediatric Nutrition Workshop CY OCT 26-30, 2003 CL Sao Paulo, BRAZIL C1 Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abrams, SA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI Pettifor, John/D-5943-2012 OI Pettifor, John/0000-0003-1155-0334 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0742-2806 BN 3-8055-7720-6 J9 NESTLE NUTR WORKS SE PY 2004 VL 54 BP 53 EP 65 DI 10.1159/000080440 PG 13 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA BDC01 UT WOS:000232491300004 ER PT J AU Chu, FLE Lund, ED Harvey, E Adlof, R AF Chu, FLE Lund, ED Harvey, E Adlof, R TI Arachidonic acid synthetic pathways of the oyster protozoan parasite, Perkinsus marinus: evidence for usage of a delta-8 pathway SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arachidonic acid; desaturases; fatty acid synthetic pathways; oyster; oyster parasite; Perkinsus marinus ID UNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; ACANTHAMOEBA-CASTELLANII; CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; GIARDIA-LAMBLIA; EICOSA-11,14-DIENOIC ACID; PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; LEISHMANIA-DONOVANI; EASTERN OYSTER; BIOSYNTHESIS AB The meront stage of the oyster protozoan parasite, Perkinsus marinus, is capable of synthesizing saturated and unsaturated fatty acids including the essential fatty acid, arachidonic acid [20:4(n-6)]. Eukaryotes employ eitherdelta-6 (Delta-6) ordelta-8 (Delta-8) desaturase pathway or both to synthesize arachidonic acid. To elucidate the arachidonic acid synthetic pathways in R marinus, meronts were incubated with deuterium-labeled precursors [18:1(n - 9)-d6, 18:2(n - 6)-d4, 18:3(n - 3)-, d4, and 20:3(n - 3)-d8]. The lipids were extracted, converted to fatty acid methyl esters, and analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/flame ionization detection. Deuterium-labeled 18:2(n - 6), 20:2(n - 6), 20:3(n - 6), and 20:4(n - 6) were detected in meront lipids after 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-day incubation with 18:1(n - 9)-d6. Deuterium-labeled 20:2(n - 6), 20:3(n - 6) and 20:4(n - 6) were found in lipids from meronts after incubation with 18:2(n - 6)-d4 methyl ester. No labeled 18:3(n - 6) was detected in either incubation. Apparently, when incubated with 18: 1(n - 9)-d6, the parasite first desaturated 18: 1(n - 9)-d6 to 18:2(n - 6)-d6 by Delta-12 desaturase, then to 20:2(n - 6)-d6 by elongation, and ultimately desaturated to 20:3(n - 6)-d6 and 20:4(n - 6)-d6 using the sequential Delta-8 and Delta-5 desaturation. Similarly, when incubated with 18:2(n - 6)-d4, R marinus converted the 18:2(n - 6)-d4 to 20:2(n - 6)-d4 by elongation and 20:2(n - 6)-d4 to 20:3(n - 6)-d4 by Delta-8 desaturase then by Delta-5 desaturase to 20:4(n - 6)-d4. These results provide evidence that R marinus employed the Delta-8 rather A-6 pathway for arachidonic acid synthesis. Additional support for the presence of a Delta-8 pathway was the demonstrated ability of the parasite to metabolize 18:3(n - 3)-d4 to 20:3(n - 3)-d4 and 20:4(n - 3)-d4, and 20:3(n - 3)-d8 to 20:4(n - 3)-d6 and 20:5(n - 3)-d6 using the sequential position-specific Delta-8 and Delta-5 desaturases. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Chu, FLE (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. EM chu@vims.edu NR 53 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 133 IS 1 BP 45 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2003.08.012 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA 760JC UT WOS:000187807000005 PM 14668011 ER PT B AU Sullivan, M Thoma, S Samac, D Hatfield, R AF Sullivan, M Thoma, S Samac, D Hatfield, R BE Hopkins, A Wang, ZY Mian, R Sledge, M Barker, RE TI Cloning of red clover and alfalfa polyphenol oxidase genes and expression of active enzymes in transgenic alfalfa SO MOLECULAR BREEDING OF FORAGE AND TURF, PROCEEDINGS SE DEVELOPMENTS IN PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Molecular Breeding of Forage and Turf CY MAY 18-22, 2003 CL Dallas, TX SP Samuel Roberts Nobel Fdn, Natl Sci Fdn, USDA ARS, US Golf Assoc, Texas A&M, Texas Turfgrass Assoc, Conviron, PhytoTechnol Lab, Scotts, Qiagen Inc, Monsanto, Forage & Grassland Fdn DE post-harvest proteolysis; ensiling; browning; forage legume ID PROTEOLYSIS; CHLOROPLAST AB Red clover contains high levels of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and o-diphenol substrates. This results in a characteristic post-harvest browning reaction associated with decreased protein degradation during ensiling. To define PPO's role in inhibition of post-harvest proteolysis, we are taking both biochemical and molecular approaches. We have cloned three unique PPO cDNAs from red clover leaves, RC PPO1-3. The cDNAs encode proteins that are predicted to be targeted to the chloroplast thylakoid lumen. RNA blotting and immunoblotting experiments indicate RC PPO1 is expressed predominantly in young leaf tissue, RC PPO2 is expressed most highly in flowers and petioles, and RC PPO3 is expressed in both leaves and flowers. We expressed the red clover cDNAs in alfalfa, which lacks both significant endogenous PPO activity and o-diphenol substrates in its leaves, to further characterize the individual proteins encoded by RC PPO1-3. The expressed proteins are active in alfalfa extracts and the individual enzymes show differences in substrate specificity, suggesting different functional roles. Additionally, we have cloned a PPO gene from alfalfa. Preliminary studies indicate alfalfa PPO expression is limited to flowers and seedpods. Expression of the cloned alfalfa PPO gene from a strong constitutive promoter in transgenic alfalfa results in low but measurable enzyme activity, suggesting a low specific activity compared to the red clover enzymes. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Sullivan, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 1-4020-1867-3 J9 DEV PLANT BREED PY 2004 VL 11 BP 189 EP 195 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA BY78N UT WOS:000189462500017 ER PT B AU Gustine, DL AF Gustine, DL BE Hopkins, A Wang, ZY Mian, R Sledge, M Barker, RE TI Spatial autocorrelation analysis of genetic structure within white clover populations SO MOLECULAR BREEDING OF FORAGE AND TURF, PROCEEDINGS SE DEVELOPMENTS IN PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Molecular Breeding of Forage and Turf CY MAY 18-22, 2003 CL Dallas, TX SP Samuel Roberts Nobel Fdn, Natl Sci Fdn, USDA ARS, US Golf Assoc, Texas A&M, Texas Turfgrass Assoc, Conviron, PhytoTechnol Lab, Scotts, Qiagen Inc, Monsanto, Forage & Grassland Fdn DE genetic diversity; clonal diversity; population dynamics; DNA markers; RAPD markers ID GRAZED HILL PASTURES; TRIFOLIUM-REPENS; SEEDLING RECRUITMENT; DIVERSITY; SWARDS; DEMOGRAPHY; CULTIVARS; DYNAMICS; BIOLOGY; GROWTH AB White clover (Trifolium repens L.) populations exhibit high genetic and clonal diversities, while existing for many decades in grazed swards at northern midlatitudes. Genetic structure might exist within rapidly changing populations and might be a factor in creating genetic diversity. Trifoliate leaf samples were taken monthly for two years from up to 37 specific stolon points in quadrats from May to September on three central Pennsylvania farm sites. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles for individuals within populations in quadrats were tested by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and spatial autocorrelation. Genetic variance by quadrat population dates in the three pastures ranged from 15 to 74% and 46 to 80% in 1997 and 1998, respectively. Significant (P < 0.05) overall spatial autocorrelation was found in 26 populations that had clones and in seven populations without clones. No significant autocorrelation was found in 27 and seven populations with and without clones, respectively. The estimated patch size did not change significantly over two growing seasons. Number of clones and patch size was less important in determining genetic structure than variable existence of spatial autocorrelation. C1 USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Gustine, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Curtin Rd,Bldg 3702, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 1-4020-1867-3 J9 DEV PLANT BREED PY 2004 VL 11 BP 309 EP 314 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA BY78N UT WOS:000189462500026 ER PT B AU Sheely, DL AF Sheely, DL BE Hopkins, A Wang, ZY Mian, R Sledge, M Barker, RE TI Agricultural biotechnology and environmental risks: A program perspective SO MOLECULAR BREEDING OF FORAGE AND TURF, PROCEEDINGS SE DEVELOPMENTS IN PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Molecular Breeding of Forage and Turf CY MAY 18-22, 2003 CL Dallas, TX SP Samuel Roberts Nobel Fdn, Natl Sci Fdn, USDA ARS, US Golf Assoc, Texas A&M, Texas Turfgrass Assoc, Conviron, PhytoTechnol Lab, Scotts, Qiagen Inc, Monsanto, Forage & Grassland Fdn DE agricultural biotechnology; risk assessment; risk management; transgene escape; unintended effects; resistance evolution; viral recombination; regulation ID TRANSGENIC PLANTS; ECOLOGICAL RISKS AB The application of biotechnology to agricultural problems holds great promise and inspires lively debate. The promise of agricultural biotechnology includes crops that resist pests and diseases, thrive in spite of environmental stresses like drought or salinity, and provide increased nutritional value. The debate encompasses both biological and societal questions, many of which are not easily answered. This paper will discuss some of the more commonly cited environmental concerns associated with transgenic plants and animals. They are grouped into five categories: movement of transgenes, unintended effects, viral recombination, evolution of resistant pests, and whole organism characteristics. Since 1992, USDA has supported research to characterize and assess possible risks associated with the release of transgenic organisms into the environment. A goal of this research is to assist Federal regulatory agencies in making science-based decisions regarding biotechnology. A review of grants supported by USDA's Biotechnology Risk Assessment Research Grants Program shows how research to address environmental concerns has evolved over time. C1 USDA, Cooperat State Res Educ & Extens Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Sheely, DL (reprint author), USDA, Cooperat State Res Educ & Extens Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 1-4020-1867-3 J9 DEV PLANT BREED PY 2004 VL 11 BP 345 EP 358 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA BY78N UT WOS:000189462500030 ER PT J AU Rowell, RM AF Rowell, RM TI Acetylation of natural fibers to improve performance SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE acetylation; biological resistance; chemical modification; dimensional stability; fungal resistance; moisture sorption; natural fiber ID CHEMICALLY MODIFIED WOOD; SOUTHERN PINE; RESISTANCE; FLAKES AB One of the advantages of using natural fibers in composites is that they are biodegradable and renewable. Many applications for composites, however, require high performance and durability. While our attention is being drawn to renewable, biodegradable and sustainable resources for materials, we are faced with the concern about durability. For the most part, we have designed and used natural fiber-based composites accepting performance limitations such as dimensional instability, ultraviolet and biological degradation, and thermal instability. However, with a better understanding the relationship between chemistry, properties, and performance of natural fibers, we can produce a new generation of value added composites that will be performance driven and durable. Properties such as dimensional instability, flammability, biodegradability, and degradation caused by acids, bases, and ultraviolet radiation are all a result of chemical degradation reactions (hydrolysis, oxidation, dehydration, and reduction) which can be prevented or, at least slowed down if the cell wall chemistry is altered. This approach is based on the premise that the properties of any resource are a result of the chemistry of the components of that resource. In the case of natural fibers, cell wall polymers, extractives, and inorganics are the components that, if modified, would change the properties of the resource. Based on performance requirements, chemical modifications can be carried out to change the chemistry of the resource that will result in a change in performance. Many chemicals have been used to chemically modify natural fibers to improve performance including anhydrides, acid chlorides, ketene carboxylic acids, isocyanates, aldehydes, beta-propiolactone, acrylonitrile, and epoxides [16-19,28]. After reaction, the natural fibers are made into a composite and the composite has greatly improved dimensional stability and biological resistance. Chemistries can also be selected to improve thermal resistance and resistance to UV radiation. C1 USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Rowell, RM (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 2004 VL 418 BP 881 EP 892 DI 10.1080/15421400490479244 PG 12 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 869KA UT WOS:000224980600012 ER PT J AU Graham, JH Gottwald, TR Cubero, J Achor, DS AF Graham, JH Gottwald, TR Cubero, J Achor, DS TI Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri: factors affecting successful eradication of citrus canker SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL SPOT; CAUSAL AGENT; HOST-RANGE; CAMPESTRIS; FLORIDA; STRAINS; DISEASE; ARGENTINA; PCR; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Taxonomic status: Bacteria, Proteobacteria, gamma subdivision, Xanthomodales, Xanthomonas group, axonopodis DNA homology group, X axonopodis pv. citri (Hasse) Vauterin et al. Microbiological properties: Gram negative, slender, rod-shaped, aerobic, motile by a single polar flagellum, produces slow growing, non-mucoid colonies in culture, ecologically obligate plant parasite. Host range: Causal agent of Asiatic citrus canker on most Citrus spp. and close relatives of Citrus in the family Rutaceae. Disease symptoms: Distinctively raised, necrotic lesions on fruits, stems and leaves. Epidemiology: Bacteria exude from lesions during wet weather and are disseminated by splash dispersal at short range, windblown rain at medium to long range and human assisted movement at all ranges. Crop loss: Severe infections cause defoliation, blemished fruit, Premature fruit drop, die-back of twigs and general debilitation of the tree. Distribution: Citrus canker is not present in all subtropical to tropical regions of citriculture in the world, so considerable regulatory efforts are expended to prevent the introduction and spread of X axonopodis pv. citri into areas in the Americas, Australia and elsewhere, with climates conducive to the disease. Importance: Limited strategies exist for suppression of citrus canker on more susceptible cultivars. Blemished fruit are unmarketable and exposed fruit are restricted in market access. The economic impact of loss of markets is much greater than that from yield and quality reductions of the crop. Useful websites: http://doacs.state.fl.us/canker, http://www.apsnet.org/education/lessonsplantpath/citruscanker/top.htm, http://www.apsnet.org/online/feature/citruscanker/, http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/review/citruscanker/, http://www.abecitrus.com.br/fundecitrus.html, http://www.biotech.ufl.edu/PlantContainment/canker.htm, http://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/ccanker/. C1 Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. ARS, USDA, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Graham, JH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM jhg@lal.ufl.edu RI Graham, James/B-7049-2008; Cubero, Jaime/D-2322-2017 OI Cubero, Jaime/0000-0002-4314-857X NR 83 TC 156 Z9 177 U1 6 U2 30 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 5 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1046/J.1364-3703.2003.00197.X PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 774BM UT WOS:000188959900001 PM 20565577 ER PT S AU Tu, SI Gordon, M Fett, W Gehring, A Irwin, P AF Tu, SI Gordon, M Fett, W Gehring, A Irwin, P BE Bennedsen, BS Chen, YR Meyer, GE Senecal, AG Tu, SI TI Applications of immunomagnetic capture and time-resolved fluorescence to detect outbreak Escherichia coli O157 and Salmonella in alfalfa sprouts SO MONITORING FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND PLANT HEALTH SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Monitoring Food Safety, Agriculture and Plant Health CY OCT 29-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE DE bacterial detection; E. coli O157 : H7; Salmonella spp.; time resolved fluorescence; immunomagnetic beads; alfalfa sprouts; lanthanide cations ID INFECTIONS; FLUOROIMMUNOASSAY AB Commercially available alfalfa seeds were inoculated with low levels (similar to 4 CFU/g) of pathogenic bacteria. The inoculated seeds were then allowed to sprout in sterile tap water at 22 degreesC. After 48 hours, the irrigation water and Sprouts were separately transferred to bovine heart infusion (BHI) media. The microbes in the BHI samples were allowed to grow for 4 hours at 37 degreesC and 160 rpm. Specific immunomagnetic beads (IMB) were then applied to capture the E.coli O157 and/or Salmonella in the growth media. Separation and concentration of IMB-captured pathogens were achieved using magnetic separators. The captured E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp were further tagged with europium (Eu) labeled anti-E. coli O157 antibodies and samarium (Sm) labeled anti-Salmonella antibodies, respectively. After washing, the lanthanide labels were extracted out from the complexes by specific chelators to form strongly fluorescent chelates. The specific time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) associated with Eu or Sm was measured to estimate the extent of capture of the E. coli O157 and Salmonella, respectively. The results indicated that the approach could detect E. coli O157 and Salmonella enterica from the seeds inoculated with similar to 4 CFU/g of the pathogens. Non-targeted bacteria, e.g., Aeromonas and Citrobacter exhibited essentially no cross reactivity. Since the pathogen detection from the sprouts was achieved within 6 hours, the developed methodology could be use as a rapid, sensitive and specific screening process for E. coli O157 and Salmonella enterica in this popular salad food. C1 USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tu, SI (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5160-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5271 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1117/12.515558 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BAD46 UT WOS:000221665800002 ER PT S AU Lawrence, KC Windham, WR Park, B Smith, DP Poole, GH AF Lawrence, KC Windham, WR Park, B Smith, DP Poole, GH BE Bennedsen, BS Chen, YR Meyer, GE Senecal, AG Tu, SI TI Comparison between visible/NIR spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging for detecting surface contaminants on poultry carcasses SO MONITORING FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND PLANT HEALTH SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Monitoring Food Safety, Agriculture and Plant Health CY OCT 29-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE DE spectroscopy; hyperspectral imaging; imaging spectrometry; food safety inspection; poultry AB The U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service has been developing a method and system to detect fecal contamination on processed poultry carcasses with hyperspectral and multispectral imaging systems. The patented method utilizes a three step approach to contaminant detection. Spectra of homogenous samples of feces, ingesta (undigested food particles), and skin were first collected. Then those spectra were evaluated with multivariate analysis techniques to identify significant wavelength regions for further analysis. Hyperspectral data were then collected on contaminated poultry carcasses and information learned from the spectroscopic data was used to aide in hyperspectral data analysis. Finally, the results of the hyperspectral data were used to identify a few optimum wavelengths for use in a real-time multispectral imaging system. In this work, two techniques for developing spectral datasets and alaorithms for classifying surface contaminants on poultry carcasses were explored. The first consisted of a scanning monochrometer that measured the average spectra of uncontaminated breast skin and fecal and ingesta contaminants. The second technique used regions of interest (ROI) from a hyperspectral image to collect spatially averaged spectra. Comparison of the spectra from each instrument showed variations in the spectra collected from similar samples. There was an offset of absorption values between the two instruments and the hyperspectral imaging system had better resolution at higher absorption wavelengths. Although both systems were calibrated prior to measuring. there was also a slight shift in absorption peaks between the two systems. Both techniques were able to classify contaminated skin from uncontaminated skin in a full cross-validated test set with better than 99% accuracy. However. when the classification model developed from the monochrometer spectra was applied to whole-carcass hyperspectral images. numerous common carcass features, such as exposed meat and wing-shadowed skin, were wrongly identified as false positives. Since spectra of entire poultry carcasses were available in the original hyperspectral dataset, the hyperspectral ROI technique allowed researchers to easily add the spectra of these false positives to the calibration dataset. New partial least squares regression models with meat and skin shadow spectra resulted in different principal component loadings and improved classification models. The classification model with the combined ROI spectra from skin, feces, ingesta, meat, and skin shadows gave a classification accuracy of 99.5%. When this model was compared to the original model developed from the monochrometer dataset on a few hyperspectral images of contaminated carcasses, fewer false positives were classified with the hyperspectral ROI model without sacrificing the accuracy of contaminant detection. Further research must be done to fully characterize the accuracy of the model. C1 USDA, ARS, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Lawrence, KC (reprint author), USDA, ARS, POB 5677 Russel Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. NR 13 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5160-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5271 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1117/12.516153 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BAD46 UT WOS:000221665800006 ER PT S AU Dey, BP Chan, DE Chen, YR Gwozdz, FB AF Dey, BP Chan, DE Chen, YR Gwozdz, FB BE Bennedsen, BS Chen, YR Meyer, GE Senecal, AG Tu, SI TI Spectroscopic detection of abnormality in chicken liver as an inspection tool SO MONITORING FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND PLANT HEALTH SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Monitoring Food Safety, Agriculture and Plant Health CY OCT 29-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE DE food safety; chicken liver; septicemia; toxemia; food safety inspection; HAACP ID 2-DIMENSIONAL CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; BACKPROPAGATION NEURAL-NETWORKS; POULTRY CARCASSES; MEATS; CLASSIFICATION; REFLECTANCE AB Successful differentiation of normal chicken livers from septicemic chicken livers was demonstrated using visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectral data subjected to principal component analysis and then fed into a feed-forward back-propagation neural network. The study used 300 fresh chicken livers, 150 collected from normal chicken carcasses and 150 collected from chicken carcasses diagnosed with the septicentica/toxemia (septox) condition as defined for condemnation under U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) standards for food safety. Using a training set of 200 samples and testing set of 100 samples, the best neural network model demonstrated a classification accuracy of 98% for normal samples and 94% for septicemia/toxemia samples. These results show that Vis/NIR spectral methods have potential for use in chicken liver inspection as part of automated online systems for food safety inspection. Liver abnormalities are identifying characteristics of the septox condition; consequently, liver screening would be extremely useful as part of an automated inspection system to meet USDA food safety requirements for poultry. Automated inspection systems capable of real-time on-line operation are currently being developed, and spectroscopic liver inspection is potential tool that could be implemented as part of such systems to help poultry processors increase production while meeting food safety inspection requirements. C1 USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth & Sci, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Dey, BP (reprint author), USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth & Sci, S Agr Bldg, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5160-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5271 BP 43 EP 50 DI 10.1117/12.518669 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BAD46 UT WOS:000221665800007 ER PT S AU Chao, KG Chen, YR AF Chao, KG Chen, YR BE Bennedsen, BS Chen, YR Meyer, GE Senecal, AG Tu, SI TI High-speed poultry inspection using visible/near-infrared spectrophotometer SO MONITORING FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND PLANT HEALTH SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Monitoring Food Safety, Agriculture and Plant Health CY OCT 29-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE DE automation; food Safety; poultry inspection; modeling ID 2-DIMENSIONAL CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; DUAL-CAMERA SYSTEM; CARCASSES INSPECTION; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGES; CHICKEN MEATS; REFLECTANCE; WHOLESOME; STORAGE AB A visible/near-infrared spectroscopic system for high-speed on-line poultry carcass inspection was developed and demonstrated. The inspection system, which was an area scanning system designed to measure the interactance spectra of poultry carcasses in the visible to near-infrared regions, consisted of a fiber optic probe, a spectrograph, a spectroscopic charge coupled device detector, a quartz tungsten halogen light source, an industrial computer, and in-house developed software modules. On-line trials of the visible/near-infrared chicken inspection system were conducted during a 5-day period in a poultry processing plant in Athens, Georgia. Spectra (431-943 nm) of 450 wholesome and 426 unwholesome chicken carcasses were measured. The instrument measured the spectra of veterinarian-selected carcasses on a processing line running at speeds of 140 and 180 birds per minute. Results showed this visible/near-infrared system can be used to differentiate between wholesome and unwholesome poultry carcasses at high speeds. For the 140 bird per minute line speed, the best model achieved classification accuracies of 95% for wholesome and 92% for unwholesome birds. For the 180 bird per minute line speed, the best model achieved classification accuracies of 94% and 92% for wholesome and unwholesome birds, respectively. The system is ready to be implemented for operation on high speed poultry processing lines. C1 USDA, ARS, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chao, KG (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5160-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5271 BP 51 EP 61 DI 10.1117/12.516093 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BAD46 UT WOS:000221665800008 ER PT S AU Kim, MS Lefcourt, AM Chen, YR AF Kim, MS Lefcourt, AM Chen, YR BE Bennedsen, BS Chen, YR Meyer, GE Senecal, AG Tu, SI TI Multispectral fluorescence Imaging techniques for nondestructive food safety inspection SO MONITORING FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND PLANT HEALTH SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Monitoring Food Safety, Agriculture and Plant Health CY OCT 29-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE DE hyperspectral; multispectral; imaging; fluorescence; laser-induced fluorescence; food safety ID POULTRY CARCASSES; SYSTEM; REFLECTANCE; SPECTRA AB The use of spectral sensing has gained acceptance as a rapid means for nondestructive inspection of postharvest food produce. Current technologies generally use color or a single wavelength camera technology. The applicability and sensitivity of these techniques can be expanded through the use of multiple wavelengths. Reflectance in the Vis/NIR is the prevalent spectral technique. Fluorescence, compared to reflectance, is regarded as a more sensitive technique due to its dynamic responses to subtle changes in biological entities. Our laboratory has been exploring fluorescence as a potential means for detection of quality and wholesomeness of food products. Applications of fluorescence sensing require an understanding of the spectral characteristics emanating from constituents and potential contaminants. A number of factors affecting fluorescence emission characteristics are discussed. Because of relatively low fluorescence quantum yield from biological samples, a system with a powerful pulse light source such as a laser coupled with a gated detection device is used to harvest fluorescence, in the presence of ambient light. Several fluorescence sensor platforms developed in our laboratory, including hyperspectral imaging, and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and steady-state fluorescence imaging systems with multispectral capabilities are presented. We demonstrate the potential uses of recently developed fluorescence imaging platforms in food safety inspection of apples contaminated with animal feces. C1 USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kim, MS (reprint author), USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5160-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5271 BP 62 EP 72 DI 10.1117/12.516112 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BAD46 UT WOS:000221665800009 ER PT S AU Lefcourt, AM Kim, MS Chen, YR AF Lefcourt, AM Kim, MS Chen, YR BE Bennedsen, BS Chen, YR Meyer, GE Senecal, AG Tu, SI TI Portable multispectral fluorescence imaging system for food safety applications SO MONITORING FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND PLANT HEALTH SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Monitoring Food Safety, Agriculture and Plant Health CY OCT 29-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE DE fluorescence imaging; instrumentation; food safety; apples; feces ID FECAL CONTAMINATION; EXCITATION; SPECTRA; IMAGES; LEAVES AB Fluorescence can be a sensitive method for detecting food contaminants. Of particular interest is detection of fecal contamination as feces is the source of many pathogenic organisms. Feces generally contain chlorophyll a and related compounds due to ingestion of plant materials, and these compounds can readily be detected using fluorescence techniques. Described is a fluorescence-imaging system consisting primarily of a UV light source, an intensified camera with a six-position filter wheel, and software for controlling the system and automatically analyzing the resulting images. To validate the system, orchard apples artificially contaminated with dairy feces were used in a "hands-on" public demonstration. The contamination sites were easily identified using automated edge detection and threshold detection algorithms. In addition, by applying feces to apples and then washing sets of apples at hourly intervals, it was determined that five h was the minimum contact time that allowed identification of the contamination site after the apples were washed. There are many potential uses for this system, including studying the efficacy of apple washing systems. C1 USDA, ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lefcourt, AM (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Bldg 303,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5160-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5271 BP 73 EP 84 DI 10.1117/12.516103 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BAD46 UT WOS:000221665800010 ER PT S AU Park, B Windham, WR Lawrence, KC Smith, DP AF Park, B Windham, WR Lawrence, KC Smith, DP BE Bennedsen, BS Chen, YR Meyer, GE Senecal, AG Tu, SI TI Classification of hyperspectral imagery for identifying fecal and ingesta contaminants SO MONITORING FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND PLANT HEALTH SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Monitoring Food Safety, Agriculture and Plant Health CY OCT 29-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE DE hyperspectral; imaging spectroscopy; image classification; food safety inspection; fecal contamination; poultry; classification methods ID IMAGING-SYSTEM; SPECTROSCOPY; REFLECTANCE; HEMOGLOBIN; INSPECTION; TISSUE AB This paper presents the research results of the performance of classification methods for hyperspectral poultry imagery to identify fecal and ingesta contaminants on the surface of broiler carcasses. A pushbroom line-scan hyperspectral imager was used to acquire hyperspectral data with 512 narrow bands covered from 400 to 900 nm wavelengths. Three different feces from digestive tracts (duodenum, ceca, colon), and ingesta were used as contaminants. These contaminants were collected from the broiler carcasses fed by corn, milo, and wheat with soybean meals. For the selection of optimum classifier, various widely used supervised classification methods (parallelepiped, minimum distance, Mahalanobis distance, maximum likelihood, spectral angle mapper, and binary coding) were investigated. The classification accuracies ranged from 62.94% to 92.27%. The highest classification accuracy for identifying contaminants for corn fed carcasses was 92.27% with spectral angle mapper classifier. While, the classification accuracy was 82.02% with maximum likelihood method for milo fed carcasses and 91.16% accuracy was obtained for wheat fed carcasses when same classification method was used. The mean classification accuracy obtained in this study for classifying fecal and ingesta contaminants was 90.21%. C1 USDA, ARS, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Park, B (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5160-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5271 BP 118 EP 127 DI 10.1117/12.514724 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BAD46 UT WOS:000221665800014 ER PT S AU Juneja, VK AF Juneja, VK BE Bennedsen, BS Chen, YR Meyer, GE Senecal, AG Tu, SI TI Intervention strategies for control of foodborne pathogens SO MONITORING FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND PLANT HEALTH SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Monitoring Food Safety, Agriculture and Plant Health CY OCT 29-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE DE foodborne pathogens; high hydrostatic pressure; pulsed electric fields; oscillating magnetic fields; ionizing radiation; heat inactivation; intervention ID HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; PULSED ELECTRIC-FIELDS; HEAT-RESISTANCE; GROUND-BEEF; SHELF-LIFE; MILD HEAT; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA; SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE AB The increasing numbers of illnesses associated with foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7, has renewed concerns about food safety because of consumer preferences for minimally processed foods that offer convenience in availability and preparation. Accordingly, the need for better control of foodborne pathogens has been paramount in recent years. Mechanical removal of microorganisms from food can be accomplished by centrifugation, filtration, trimming and washing. Cleaning and sanitation strategies can be used for minimizing the access of microorganisms in foods from various sources. Other strategies for control of foodborne pathogens include established physical microbiocidal treatments such as ionizing radiation and heating. Research has continued to demonstrate that food irradiation is a suitable process to control and possibly eliminate foodborne pathogens, for example Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7, from a number of raw and cooked meat and poultry products. Heat treatment is the most common method in use today for the inactivation of microorganisms. Microorganisms can also be destroyed by nonthermal treatments, such as application of high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric fields, oscillating magnetic fields or a combination of physical processes such as heat-irradiation, or heat-high hydrostatic pressure, etc. Each of the non-thermal technologies has specific applications in terms of the types of food that can be processed. Both conventional and newly developed physical treatments can be used in combination for controlling foodborne pathogens and enhancing the safety and shelf life of foods. Recent research has focused on combining traditional preservation factors with emerging intervention technologies. However, many key issues still need to be addressed for combination preservation factors or technologies to be useful in the food industry to meet public demands for foods with enhanced safety, freshness and appeal. As a result of systematic study in these areas together with detailed assessment of technological performance of available preservatives and preservation technologies in real food formulations, new intervention processes and products are likely to be developed. The ultimate goal is to identify potential new approaches for the safer production of foods. The purpose of this presentation is to discuss key developmental activities concerning microbial reduction by intervention technologies. C1 USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Juneja, VK (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM vjuneja@arserrc.gov NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5160-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5271 BP 147 EP 160 DI 10.1117/12.530119 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BAD46 UT WOS:000221665800017 ER PT S AU Early, H AF Early, H BE Bennedsen, BS Chen, YR Meyer, GE Senecal, AG Tu, SI TI New technology for food safety: Role of the new technology staff in FSIS SO MONITORING FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND PLANT HEALTH SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Monitoring Food Safety, Agriculture and Plant Health CY OCT 29-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE AB The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) has implemented new procedures for meat and poultry establishments, egg products plants, and companies that manufacture and sell technology to official establishments to notify the Agency of new technology that they propose to use in meat and poultry establishments or egg products plants. If the new technology could affect FSIS regulations, product safety, inspection procedures, or the safety of Federal inspection program personnel, then the establishment or plant would need to submit a written protocol to the Agency. As part of this process, the submitter will be expected to conduct in-plant trials of the new technology. The submitter will need to provide data to FSIS throughout the duration of the in-plant trial for the Agency to examine. Data may take several forms: laboratory results, weekly or monthly summary production reports, and evaluations from inspection program personnel. C1 USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Policy, Program Dev & Evaluat, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Early, H (reprint author), USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Policy, Program Dev & Evaluat, New Technol Staff S Bldg,1400 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5160-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5271 BP 161 EP 165 DI 10.1117/2.547810 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BAD46 UT WOS:000221665800018 ER PT S AU Lu, RF AF Lu, RF BE Bennedsen, BS Chen, YR Meyer, GE Senecal, AG Tu, SI TI Near-infrared multispectral scattering for assessing internal quality of apple fruit SO MONITORING FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND PLANT HEALTH SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Monitoring Food Safety, Agriculture and Plant Health CY OCT 29-30, 2003 CL Providence, RI SP SPIE DE near-infrared; multispectral imaging; scattering; nondestructive; fruit; apples; firmness; soluble solids ID SOLUBLE-SOLIDS; SUGAR CONTENT; DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE; NIR-SPECTROSCOPY; FIRMNESS; PEACHES AB Firmness and sweetness are key quality attributes that determine the acceptability of apple fruit to the consumer. The objective of this research was to investigate a multispectral imaging system for simultaneous acquisition of multispectral scattering images from apple fruit to predict firmness and soluble solids content (SSC). A circular broadband light beam was used to generate light backscattering at the surface of apple fruit and scattering images were acquired, using a common aperture multispectral imaging system, from Red Delicious and Golden Delicious apple fruit for wavelengths at 680, 880, 905, and 940 rim. Scattering images were radially averaged to produce one-dimensional spectral scattering profiles, which were then input into a backpropagation neural network for predicting apple fruit firmness and SSC. It was found that the neural network performed best when 10 neurons and 20 epochs were used. With inputing three ratios of spectral profiles involving all four wavelengths, the neural network gave firmness predictions with the correlation (r) of 0.76 and the standard error for validation (SEV) of 6.2 N for Red Delicious apples and r=0.73 and SEV=8.9 N for Golden Delicious apples. Relatively good SSC predictions were obtained for both varieties with SEV=0.9 degreesBrix. C1 Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Lu, RF (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, 224 Farrall Hall, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5160-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5271 BP 313 EP 320 DI 10.1117/12.516008 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BAD46 UT WOS:000221665800036 ER PT S AU Gibson, K AF Gibson, K BE Shore, TL Brooks, JE Stone, JE TI Mountain pine beetle: Conditions and issues in the western United States, 2003 SO MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE SYMPOSIUM: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS SE PACIFIC FORESTRY CENTRE CANADA INFORMATION REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Mountain Pine Beetle Symposium CY OCT 30-31, 2003 CL Kelowna, CANADA SP Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Govt Canada AB The mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) is by far the most destructive insect pest of pine species in western North America. It is once again at outbreak levels in many parts of the western United States, currently affecting more than 1.5 million acres (0.7 million ha). The infested area in the western US nearly doubled from 2001 to 2002. While infesting most pines within its range, and causing significant concerns in ponderosa, western white, and whitebark pines, lodgepole pine is the most frequently infested and most heavily damaged of the beetle's hosts. Nearly 90% of the current mortality is in lodgepole pine. Management strategies and tactics have been developed to better deal with the devastating impact of mountain pine beetle infestations across the western US. C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Gibson, K (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURAL RESOURCES CANADA CANADIAN FOREST SERV PI OTTAWA PA SCIENCE BRANCH, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 1G5, CANADA SN 0830-0453 BN 0-662-38389-3 J9 PACIF FOR C PY 2004 VL 399 BP 57 EP 61 PG 5 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BBP88 UT WOS:000226974200007 ER PT S AU Bentz, BJ Endreson, D AF Bentz, BJ Endreson, D BE Shore, TL Brooks, JE Stone, JE TI Evaluating satellite imagery for estimating mountain pine beetle-caused lodgepole pine mortality: Current status SO MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE SYMPOSIUM: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS SE PACIFIC FORESTRY CENTRE CANADA INFORMATION REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Mountain Pine Beetle Symposium CY OCT 30-31, 2003 CL Kelowna, CANADA SP Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Govt Canada ID LANDSAT TM DATA; TRANSFORMATION; DAMAGE; CAP AB Spatial accuracy in the detection and monitoring of mountain pine beetle populations is an important aspect of both forest research and management. Using ground-collected data, classification models to predict mountain pine beetle-caused lodgepole pine mortality were developed for Landsat TM, ETM+, and IKONOS imagery. Our results suggest that low-resolution imagery such as Landsat TM (30 m) is not suitable for detection of endemic level populations of mountain pine beetle. However, good results were obtained for pixels with groups of red beetle-killed lodgepole pine (> 25 trees killed per 30-m pixel), implying that Landsat imagery is most suited to detection of populations at the building or epidemic phase. Preliminary results using high resolution IKONOS imagery (4 m) suggest that detection of individual or small groups of red beetle-killed lodgepole pine can be accomplished with a relatively high accuracy. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Bentz, BJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 860 N 1200 E, Logan, UT 84321 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURAL RESOURCES CANADA CANADIAN FOREST SERV PI OTTAWA PA SCIENCE BRANCH, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 1G5, CANADA SN 0830-0453 BN 0-662-38389-3 J9 PACIF FOR C PY 2004 VL 399 BP 154 EP 163 PG 10 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BBP88 UT WOS:000226974200018 ER PT S AU Logan, JA Powell, JA AF Logan, JA Powell, JA BE Shore, TL Brooks, JE Stone, JE TI Modelling mountain pine beetle phenological response to temperature SO MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE SYMPOSIUM: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS SE PACIFIC FORESTRY CENTRE CANADA INFORMATION REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Mountain Pine Beetle Symposium CY OCT 30-31, 2003 CL Kelowna, CANADA SP Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Govt Canada ID GYPSY-MOTH; SEASONALITY; SIMULATION; COLEOPTERA; SCOLYTIDAE AB Maintaining an adaptive seasonality, with life cycle events occurring at appropriate times of year and in synchrony with ephemeral resources, is a basic ecological requisite. For poikilothermic organisms, phenology is largely determined through adaptive evolution with the prevailing climate, and in particular, annual temperature cycles. In addition to the direct effect of temperature, most temperate region insects have physiological mechanisms (e.g., diapause) that help to maintain an adaptive seasonality. The mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins), however, exhibits no obvious manifestations of diapause. This has led to the ecologically important question: How is an appropriate seasonality maintained in the mountain pine beetle without the synchronizing influence of diapause? In answer to this basic question, we briefly review the mathematical relationship between environmental temperatures and developmental timing and discuss the consequences of viewing these models as circle maps from the cycle of oviposition dates and temperatures of one year to oviposition dates for subsequent generations. Univoltinism, associated with reproductive success for the mountain pine beetle, is related to stable fixed points of the developmental circle map. Univoltine fixed points are stable and robust in broad temperature bands, but lose stability suddenly to maladaptive cycles at the edges of these bands. This leads to the obvious observation that temperatures (weather) can be too cold for the mountain pine beetle to thrive, as well as the less obvious implication that it can also be too warm. These results are placed in an ecological and management context by relating adaptive seasonality to outbreak potential. The relationship between outbreak potential and temperature is further considered in view of climate change (i.e., global warming). We briefly note the potential for global warming to intensify outbreak characteristics in the current range of mountain pine beetle, as well as promote invasion into new habitats, such as the high elevation pines and northern range expansion into Canadian jack pine. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT USA. RP Logan, JA (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT USA. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATURAL RESOURCES CANADA CANADIAN FOREST SERV PI OTTAWA PA SCIENCE BRANCH, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 1G5, CANADA SN 0830-0453 BN 0-662-38389-3 J9 PACIF FOR C PY 2004 VL 399 BP 210 EP 222 PG 13 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BBP88 UT WOS:000226974200023 ER PT B AU Durnroese, RK Parkhurst, J Barnett, JP AF Durnroese, R. Kasten Parkhurst, Jeff Barnett, James P. GP USDA TI Controlled release fertilizer improves quality of container longleaf pine seedlings SO NATIONAL PROCEEDINGS: FOREST AND CONSERVATION NURSERY ASSOCIATIONS 2004 SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Southern-Forest-Nursery-Association/Northeastern-Forest-and-Conservation -Nursery-Association CY JUL 12-15, 2004 CL Charleston, SC SP So Forest Nursery Assoc, NE Forest & Conservat Nursery Assoc DE nitrogen; seedling quality; seedling viability; nursery production AB In an operational trial, increasing the amount of nitrogen (N) applied to container longleaf pine seedlings by incorporating controlled release fertilizer (CRF) into the media improved seedling growth and quality. Compared with control seedlings that received 40 mg N, seedlings receiving 66 mg N through CRF supplemented with liquid fertilizer had needles that were 4 in (10 cm) longer as well as 42%, 84%, and 47% greater root collar diameter, shoot biomass, and root biomass, respectively. We use data from this study and other published sources to make general, practical guidelines concerning appropriate levels of fertilization for longleaf pine seedlings in containers. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Durnroese, RK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM kdumroese@fs.fed.us NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2004 VL 35 BP 3 EP 8 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BEL98 UT WOS:000238059700001 ER PT B AU Cram, MM Fraedrich, SW AF Cram, Michelle M. Fraedrich, Stephen W. GP USDA TI Management options for control of a stunt and needle nematode in southern forest nurseries SO NATIONAL PROCEEDINGS: FOREST AND CONSERVATION NURSERY ASSOCIATIONS 2004 SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Southern-Forest-Nursery-Association/Northeastern-Forest-and-Conservation -Nursery-Association CY JUL 12-15, 2004 CL Charleston, SC SP So Forest Nursery Assoc, NE Forest & Conservat Nursery Assoc DE nematode; cover crops; host range; fallow; fumigation; Tylenchorhynchus ewingi; Longidorus; Pinus taeda; pine; Quercus; oak; sorghum; rye; wheat; legumes; cowpeas; vetch; alfalfa ID PINE SEEDLING PRODUCTION; METHYL-BROMIDE; SOIL; FUMIGATION; DAZOMET AB Crop rotation and fallow are management options that can be used to control plant parasitic nematodes in forest tree nurseries. Before these options can be put into practice, it is important to determine the host range and survivability under fallow of the parasitic nematode to be controlled. The results of host range tests on a needle nematode (Longidorus spp.) and a stunt nematode (Tylenchorhynchus ewingi) indicate that crop rotation practices were a factor leading up to the development of damage by these nematodes at 2 Southern nurseries. The needle nematode became a problem in a field following crop rotations of loblolly pine with white oak. The host range of the needle nematode was found to include white (Quercus alba), live Quercus virginiana), water (Q. nigra), southern red (Q. falcata), and northern red (Q. rubra) oaks. Results of a fallow study with the needle nematode indicate that control may be achieved with 1 year of fallow or crop rotations with a nonhost. The host range test of the stunt nematode found that loblolly pine, several legumes, rye, and several sorghum varieties were good hosts for the nematode. Poor hosts of the stunt nematode included wheat, ryegrass, and oats. Pearl and brown top millet were found to be nonhosts of the stunt nematode. Additional research is needed to identify other hosts and nonhosts of the stunt and other nematodes, and the ability of nematodes to survive in the absence of a host. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Cram, MM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM mcram@fs.fed.us; sfraedrich@fs.fed.us NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2004 VL 35 BP 46 EP 50 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BEL98 UT WOS:000238059700015 ER PT B AU Karrfalt, RP AF Karrfalt, Robert P. GP USDA TI Needs and benefits of nursery accreditation SO National Proceedings: Forest and Conservation Nursery Associations 2004 SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Southern-Forest-Nursery-Association/Northeastern-Forest-and-Conservation -Nursery-Association CY JUL 12-15, 2004 CL Charleston, SC SP So Forest Nursery Assoc, NE Forest & Conservat Nursery Assoc DE Agricultural Marketing Services; seedling certification; ISO; quality assurance C1 Purdue Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Tree Seed Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Karrfalt, RP (reprint author), Purdue Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Tree Seed Lab, 195 Marstellar Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 35 BP 63 EP 64 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BEL98 UT WOS:000238059700018 ER PT B AU Karrfalt, RP AF Karrfalt, Robert P. GP USDA TI Acorn size effects seedling size at the Penn Nursery SO National Proceedings: Forest and Conservation Nursery Associations 2004 SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Southern-Forest-Nursery-Association/Northeastern-Forest-and-Conservation -Nursery-Association CY JUL 12-15, 2004 CL Charleston, SC SP So Forest Nursery Assoc, NE Forest & Conservat Nursery Assoc DE Quercus rubra; Quercus alba; seedling grades C1 Purdue Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Tree Seed Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Karrfalt, RP (reprint author), Purdue Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Tree Seed Lab, 195 Marstellar Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 35 BP 65 EP 66 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BEL98 UT WOS:000238059700019 ER PT B AU Burch, F AF Burch, Frank GP USDA TI Twenty years of nursery history - A forest service perspective SO National Proceedings: Forest and Conservation Nursery Associations 2004 SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Southern-Forest-Nursery-Association/Northeastern-Forest-and-Conservation -Nursery-Association CY JUL 12-15, 2004 CL Charleston, SC SP So Forest Nursery Assoc, NE Forest & Conservat Nursery Assoc DE National Forest Management Act; healthy forests initiative; timber harvest C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Burch, F (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Sidney R Yates Fed Bldg 201-14th St SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 35 BP 69 EP 72 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BEL98 UT WOS:000238059700020 ER PT B AU Scott, G Shelly, S Olivarez, J AF Scott, Glenda Shelly, Steve Olivarez, Jim GP USDA TI Fire restoration in the northern region, USDA Forest Service SO National Proceedings: Forest and Conservation Nursery Associations 2004 SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Southern-Forest-Nursery-Association/Northeastern-Forest-and-Conservation -Nursery-Association CY JUL 12-15, 2004 CL Charleston, SC SP So Forest Nursery Assoc, NE Forest & Conservat Nursery Assoc DE native plants; reforestation; fire restoration AB Restoring native plant communities is a key objective in the maintenance of healthy ecosystems. Opportunities have increased following recent wildfires. This paper describes the policy and history behind the reforestation and restoration programs in the Northern Region (Region 1) of the USDA Forest Service, which focused primarily on meeting the objectives in the National Fire Plan, Key Point 2, Rehabilitation and Restoration. The discussion continues with an overview of the rehabilitation efforts in response to nearly 13 million ac (5.3 million ha) of National Forest Lands that have burned in the Northern Region since 2000. Both conifer regeneration and the development and implementation of the native plants program are discussed, and project examples are provided. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Scott, G (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Reg 1,Fed Bldg,POB 7669, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 35 BP 84 EP 89 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BEL98 UT WOS:000238059700023 ER PT B AU Shaw, NL Lambert, SM DeBolt, AM Pellant, M AF Shaw, Nancy L. Lambert, Scott M. DeBolt, Ann M. Pellant, Mike GP USDA TI Increasing native forb seed supplies for the Great Basin SO NATIONAL PROCEEDINGS: FOREST AND CONSERVATION NURSERY ASSOCIATIONS 2004 SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Southern-Forest-Nursery-Association/Northeastern-Forest-and-Conservation -Nursery-Association CY JUL 12-15, 2004 CL Charleston, SC SP So Forest Nursery Assoc, NE Forest & Conservat Nursery Assoc DE native forbs; plant materials; seed production; seeding; rangelands AB Over the last 150 years, excessive grazing, annual weed invasions, increased wildfire frequency, and other human disturbances have negatively impacted native plant communities of the Great Basin. Native plant materials and appropriate planting strategies are needed to recreate diverse communities in areas requiring active restoration. Although native forbs are critical components of most plant communities, available seed supplies remain low. A cooperative research project being conducted by the USDI Bureau of Land Management Great Basin Restoration Initiative, the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, and collaborators includes efforts to develop 20 native forbs as revegetation species. Research needs include selection of seed sources and development of seed production and wildland seeding technology for each species. Initial seed increase of new seed sources and maintenance of seed supplies will require production at a range of scales, likely creating new marketing niches for the native seed and nursery industries. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Expt Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Shaw, NL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Expt Stn, 316 E Myrtle, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM nshaw@fs.fed.us; Scott_Lambert@blm.gov; adebolt@fs.fed.us; Mike_Pellant@blm.gov NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2004 VL 35 BP 94 EP 102 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BEL98 UT WOS:000238059700025 ER PT B AU Darris, DC AF Darris, Dale C. GP USDA TI Seed production and establishment of western oregon native grasses SO National Proceedings: Forest and Conservation Nursery Associations 2004 SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Southern-Forest-Nursery-Association/Northeastern-Forest-and-Conservation -Nursery-Association CY JUL 12-15, 2004 CL Charleston, SC SP So Forest Nursery Assoc, NE Forest & Conservat Nursery Assoc DE native grasses; seed production; establishment; seed dormancy; seeding prescription; revegetation; restoration; seeding rates AB It is well understood that native grasses are ecologically important and provide numerous benefits. However, unfavorable economics,, low seed yields for some species, genetic issues, and a lack of experience behind the production and establishment of most western Oregon native grasses remain significant impediments for their expanded use. By necessity, adaptation of standard practices used by the grass seed industry and grassland specialists for introduced species provides the starting point for determining agronomic increase and establishment methods. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Plant Materials Center at Corvallis, Oregon, has experience increasing at least 15 species of native grasses. It has also conducted studies involving the effects of fertilization, row spacing, post-harvest residue management (burning versus baling), and herbicides on yields of select species. Results are usually species specific, indicating much more research is needed. Fortunately for some native grasses, practical experience has demonstrated the efficacy of certain customary techniques such as carbon banding, timely fertilization, pesticide use, and windrow-combining. Specialty equipment for small grain, seed increase, and processing can be directly transferred or modified for use on native grasses. Whether for seed increase, revegetation, or restoration, many but not all native grasses possess special challenges. These include dormancy, seed appendages, seed quality, slow growth, and poor competition with weeds. Some are easier to address than others. Other considerations for establishment include equipment, site preparation, and soil amendments such as fertilization. While well documented methodologies readily apply to native grass seeding prescriptions, development of compatible mixtures and appropriate seeding rates requires considerable guesswork. General guidelines and experiences are provided, but substantial work is needed. C1 USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Corvallis Plant Mat Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Darris, DC (reprint author), USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Corvallis Plant Mat Ctr, 3415 NE Granger Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 35 BP 119 EP 128 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BEL98 UT WOS:000238059700029 ER PT S AU Stanturf, JA AF Stanturf, JA BE Kangur, A TI Disturbances dynamics of forested ecosystems SO Natural Disturbances and Ecosystem-based Forest Management SE TRANSACTIONS OF THE FACULTY OF FORESTRY ESTONIAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Natural Disturbances and Ecosystem-Based Forest Management CY MAY 27-29, 2004 CL Tartu, ESTONIA SP Estonian Agr Univ, Forest Res Inst, Nord Forest Res Cooperat, Int Union Forest Res Org ID CLIMATE-CHANGE C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Stanturf, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ESTONIAN AGRICULTURAL UNIV PI TARTU PA ESTONIAN RESEARCH INST ANIMAL BREEDING & VETERINARY SCIENCE, TARTU, ESTONIA SN 1406-5894 J9 TRANS FAC FOR EST AG PY 2004 IS 37 BP 7 EP 12 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BDQ48 UT WOS:000234914900001 ER PT S AU Moser, WK AF Moser, WK BE Kangur, A TI Fire as a disturbance in the temperate forests of the United States: Science, suppression and prescription SO Natural Disturbances and Ecosystem-based Forest Management SE TRANSACTIONS OF THE FACULTY OF FORESTRY ESTONIAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Natural Disturbances and Ecosystem-Based Forest Management CY MAY 27-29, 2004 CL Tartu, ESTONIA SP Estonian Agr Univ, Forest Res Inst, Nord Forest Res Cooperat, Int Union Forest Res Org C1 US Forest Serv, N Cent Forest Expt Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Moser, WK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, N Cent Forest Expt Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ESTONIAN AGRICULTURAL UNIV PI TARTU PA ESTONIAN RESEARCH INST ANIMAL BREEDING & VETERINARY SCIENCE, TARTU, ESTONIA SN 1406-5894 J9 TRANS FAC FOR EST AG PY 2004 IS 37 BP 85 EP 85 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BDQ48 UT WOS:000234914900021 ER PT J AU Paramithiotis, E Pinard, M Lawton, T LaBoissiere, S Leathers, VL Zou, WQ Estey, LA Lamontagne, J Lehto, MT Kondejewski, LH Francoeur, GP Papadopoulos, M Haghighat, A Spatz, SJ Head, M Will, R Ironside, J O'Rourke, K Tonelli, Q Ledebur, HC Chakrabartty, A Cashman, NR AF Paramithiotis, E Pinard, M Lawton, T LaBoissiere, S Leathers, VL Zou, WQ Estey, LA Lamontagne, J Lehto, MT Kondejewski, LH Francoeur, GP Papadopoulos, M Haghighat, A Spatz, SJ Head, M Will, R Ironside, J O'Rourke, K Tonelli, Q Ledebur, HC Chakrabartty, A Cashman, NR TI Properties of a disease-specific prion probe - Reply SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Caprion Pharmaceut, St Laurent, PQ H4S 2C8, Canada. IDEXX Labs, Westbrook, ME 04092 USA. Univ Toronto, Ctr Res Neurodegenerat Dis, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada. Western Gen Hosp, Natl Creutzfeldt Jakob Dis Surveillance Unit, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Midlothian, Scotland. Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, ADRU, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Ontario Canc Inst, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada. Univ Toronto, Sunnybrook & Womens Coll Hlth Sci Ctr, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. RP Paramithiotis, E (reprint author), Caprion Pharmaceut, 7150 Alexander Fleming, St Laurent, PQ H4S 2C8, Canada. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 10 IS 1 BP 11 EP 12 DI 10.1038/nm0104-11b PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 759NK UT WOS:000187743600018 ER PT J AU Harman, GE Howell, CR Viterbo, A Chet, I Lorito, M AF Harman, GE Howell, CR Viterbo, A Chet, I Lorito, M TI Trichoderma species - Opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts SO NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID INDUCED SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE; ATROVIRIDE T-HARZIANUM; OXYSPORUM STRAIN FO47; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; GLIOCLADIUM-VIRENS; PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS; GLOMUS-INTRARADICES AB Trichoderma spp. are free-living fungi that are common in soil and root ecosystems. Recent discoveries show that they are opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts, as well as being parasites of other fungi. At least some strains establish robust and long-lasting colonizations of root surfaces and penetrate into the epidermis and a few cells below this level. They produce or release a variety of compounds that induce localized or systemic resistance responses, and this explains their lack of pathogenicity to plants. These root-microorganism associations cause substantial changes to the plant proteome and metabolism. Plants are protected from numerous classes of plant pathogen by responses that are similar to systemic acquired resistance and rhizobacteria-induced systemic resistance. Root colonization by Trichoderma spp. also frequently enhances root growth and development, crop productivity, resistance to abiotic stresses and the uptake and use of nutrients. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Hort Sci & Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. ARS, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Arboricoltura Bot & Patol Vegetale, I-10080055 Portici, Italy. Ist CNR IPP, I-10080055 Portici, Italy. RP Harman, GE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort Sci & Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM geh3@cornell.edu OI LORITO, Matteo/0000-0002-0529-3709 NR 101 TC 982 Z9 1198 U1 30 U2 266 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1740-1526 J9 NAT REV MICROBIOL JI Nat. Rev. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 2 IS 1 BP 43 EP 56 DI 10.1038/nrmicro797 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 820PE UT WOS:000221401000017 PM 15035008 ER PT J AU Meyer, SLF Huettel, RN Liu, XZ Humber, RA Juba, J Nitao, JK AF Meyer, SLF Huettel, RN Liu, XZ Humber, RA Juba, J Nitao, JK TI Activity of fungal culture filtrates against soybean cyst nematode and root-knot nematode egg hatch and juvenile motility SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE China; fungi; Heterodera glycines; Meloidogyne incognita; natural products ID PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; VERTICILLIUM-CHLAMYDOSPORIUM; GLOBODERA-ROSTOCHIENSIS; NEMATOCIDAL METABOLITE; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; BIOLOGICAL NEMATICIDE; CYCLIC DODECAPEPTIDE; IN-VITRO; SOIL AB Fungi were isolated from soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) eggs collected in China, and 253 fungal isolates were assayed for production of compounds active against SCN and root-knot nematode (RKN, Meloidogyne incognita). Fungal isolates were grown for 3 and 7 days in potato dextrose broth (PDB), the culture broths were sterile-filtered to remove fungal biomass, and the filtrates were placed into 24-well plates to test for effects on egg hatch and juvenile motility. Meloidogyne incognita egg hatch ranged from 2 to 121% of hatch in PDB controls and H. glycines hatch from 15 to 224%. Activities of filtrates harvested after 3 and 7 days were significantly correlated. Only four isolates produced filtrates that significantly inhibited juvenile motility of SCN, RKN or both nematodes. This study identified fungal isolates capable of producing compounds active against these nematodes, and demonstrated that there was a low correlation in activity against SCN and RKN. The active fungal isolates are candidates for studies on identification of potential nematicides. C1 USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Systemat Mycol & Lichenol Lab, Inst Microbiol, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. USDA ARS, Plant Protect Res Unit, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Penn State Univ, Fusarium Res Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Buckhout Lab 216, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Meyer, SLF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Bldg 011A,Rm 165B,BARC West,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM meyerf@ba.ars.usda.gov RI Liu, Xingzhong/B-6280-2015 NR 50 TC 32 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 9 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2004 VL 6 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1163/156854104323072883 PN 1 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 837AU UT WOS:000222598900004 ER PT J AU Westphal, A Robinson, AF Scott, AW Santini, JB AF Westphal, A Robinson, AF Scott, AW Santini, JB TI Depth distribution of Rotylenchulus reniformis under crops of different host status and after fumigation SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cotton; crop sequence; damage threshold; fallow; grain sorghum; nematode population dynamics; soybean ID MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; SOIL TEXTURE; COTTON; MANAGEMENT; NEMATODES; THRESHOLDS; SYSTEMS AB Population densities of Rotylenchulus reniformis were investigated in 15 cm horizons from the surface to 120 cm deep in field plots under fallow, grain sorghum (cv. Asgrow 571), and susceptible (cv. DP6880RR) or resistant (cv. HY798) soybean. In 2000, population densities were monitored in non-fumigated plots and in plots fumigated pre-season with 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) at 38 em depth. Fallow, grain sorghum and resistant soybean reduced the incidence of R. reniformis down to 120 cm in comparison to susceptible soybean. In 2001, population densities were monitored under cotton in these plots and in additional plots that had grown susceptible soybean cv. Vernal or resistant cv. Padre in 2000 and that were fumigated before the 2001 crop with 1,3-D at depths of 0-60, 60-120, or 0-120 cm. In 2000 non-fumigated plots, cotton fibre yields were increased by an average 35% after fallow, grain sorghum or resistant soybean compared to those after susceptible soybean. In the 2000 fumigated plots, cotton fibre yields were increased 38% after grain sorghum and resistant soybean compared to those after susceptible soybean or fallow. In plots cropped previously to susceptible soybean, fumigation at 60-120 cm deep increased cotton fibre yields by 68% compared to the non-fumigated control. Population densities in the 0-120 cm horizon were a more accurate predictor of plant damage than those at 0-30 cm. The value of R. reniformis-resistant soybean cultivar-cotton crop sequences was confirmed and the importance of their effects on deep-occurring populations of R. reniformis demonstrated. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. Rio Farms Inc, Monte Alto, TX 78538 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Westphal, A (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, 915 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM westphal@purdue.edu NR 35 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2004 VL 6 BP 97 EP 107 DI 10.1163/156854104323072973 PN 1 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 837AU UT WOS:000222598900013 ER PT J AU Masler, EP AF Masler, EP TI Comparison of alanine aminopeptidase activities in Heterodera glycines and Caenorhabditis elegans SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE enzymes; neuropeptide regulation ID FMRFAMIDE-RELATED PEPTIDES; SOYBEAN CYST-NEMATODE; ASCARIS-SUUM; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; NEUROPEPTIDES; PURIFICATION; LOCALIZATION; INHIBITOR; MEMBRANE AB Aminopeptidases in whole body homogenates of Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterodera glycines were detected using a colorimetric assay with a series of seven aminoacyl p-nitroanilide substrates. Enzyme properties evaluated included substrate preference and stability in response to metal salts, alcohols and storage. The preferred substrate for both species was Ala-pNA, but C. elegans had a much broader substrate range than H. glycines. All substrates were more active in C. elegans than in H. glycines homogenates, except Pro-pNA which was three times more active than in H. glycines. Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+ inhibited C. elegans activity in a dose responsive manner but had little effect on H. glycines aminopeptidase, and CO2+ was mildly inhibitory in both species. Ethanol inhibited both C. elegans and H. glycines aminopeptidases but methanol inhibited only H. glycines and increased C. elegans activity. Heterodera glycines aminopeptidase was more stable at room temperature than C. elegans. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Masler, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Nematol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM maslere@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2004 VL 6 BP 223 EP 229 DI 10.1163/1568541041218013 PN 2 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 844QO UT WOS:000223174900007 ER PT J AU Nguyen, KB Shapiro-Ilan, DI Stuart, RJ McCoy, CW James, RR Adams, BJ AF Nguyen, KB Shapiro-Ilan, DI Stuart, RJ McCoy, CW James, RR Adams, BJ TI Heterorhabditis mexicana n. sp (Rhabditida : Heterorhabditidae) from Tamaulipas, Mexico, and morphological studies of the bursa of Heterorhabditis spp. SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE entomopathogenic nematodes; evolution; ITS rDNA; morphology; nematode; phylogeny; SEM; systematics; taxonomy ID STEINERNEMA-SCAPTERISCI RHABDITIDA; MOLE CRICKETS ORTHOPTERA; INFECTIVE JUVENILES; NEMATODES; DNA; GRYLLOTALPIDAE; COLEOPTERA; GLASERI AB A new species of nematode in the genus Heterorhabditis was found in the northern part of the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico. Morphological and molecular data indicate that this nematode is a new species. The new species is described as Heterorhabditis mexicana n. sp. and is a sister taxon to H. indica. Heterorhabditis mexicana n. sp. is morphologically similar to H. bacteriophora, H. brevicaudis and H. indica and can be distinguished from these species mainly by male and female characters. Of the examined specimens of H. mexicana n. sp., 70% of males have eight pairs of bursal papillae, compared to nine in all other species. The ratio of the gubernaculum to spicule length (GS ratio) is higher than that of H. bacteriophora, H. brevicaudis and H. indica and the length of the spicule relative to anal body width (SW) is lower than all other species. For females, the vulval form of the new species is quite different from that of those species with a similar morphology (i.e., H. bacteriophora and H. indica) and more closely resembles that of H. zealandica. The new species can also be distinguished from H. megidis, H. zealandica and H. marelatus by the body length, pharynx length of the infective juvenile and D% (distance from anterior end/pharynx length x 100), GS and SW ratios of males. In the ITS region of the rDNA tandem repeating unit, H. mexicana n. sp. has evolved 13 autapomorphic nucleotide character states, differing from its sister taxon H. indica at 113 aligned positions. The morphological and molecular data are sufficient to identify cladogenesis and delimit H. mexicana n. sp. as evolving independently from the other members of the genus. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. Univ Florida, Ctr Agr Res & Educ, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Nguyen, KB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM kbn@ufl.edu RI Adams, Byron/C-3808-2009 OI Adams, Byron/0000-0002-7815-3352 NR 35 TC 30 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2004 VL 6 BP 231 EP 244 DI 10.1163/1568541041218031 PN 2 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 844QO UT WOS:000223174900008 ER PT J AU Melakeberhan, H Dey, J Baligar, VC Carter, TE AF Melakeberhan, H Dey, J Baligar, VC Carter, TE TI Effect of soil pH on the pathogenesis of Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne incognita on Glycine max genotypes SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nematode adaptation; nematode development; pathogenicity; soil types ID PRATYLENCHUS-PENETRANS; ALUMINUM TOLERANCE; SOYBEAN GENOTYPES; CROPPING SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES; GROWTH AB The effect of soil pH 4.3, 4.6, and 5.9 on the pathogenicity of Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne incognita on acid soil-adapted soybean genotypes (Davis and PI 416937) was investigated in three glasshouse experiments over 28 days after inoculation with 0 or 1000 (Experiments 1 and 2) and 0 or 5000 (Experiment 3) second-stage juveniles. Although nematodes of both species infected both genotypes at all of the soil pH, the numbers decreased with decreasing soil pH. Both genotypes seem to be better hosts for M. incognita than for H. glycines, Davis more so than PI 416937. Both nematodes decreased shoot weight at high inoculum levels, indicating that H. glycines may be more pathogenic than M. incognita. Nematode development after infection of roots was not affected by soil pH or by genotypes. Overall, the results suggest that adaptation of these nematodes should be considered in breeding programmes to develop low pH tolerant soybean cultivars. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Wayne State Univ, Barbara Ann Karmanos Canc Inst, Dept Pathol & Urol, Integrated Biostat Unit, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Melakeberhan, H (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM metakebe@msu.edu NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2004 VL 6 BP 585 EP 592 DI 10.1163/1568541042665205 PN 4 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 889AI UT WOS:000226415300010 ER PT J AU Molinari, S Lamberti, F Duncan, LW Halbrendt, J McKenry, M Abawi, GS Magunacelaya, JC Crozzoli, R Lemos, RM Nyczepir, AP Nagy, P Robbins, RT Kotcon, J Moens, M Brown, DJF AF Molinari, S Lamberti, F Duncan, LW Halbrendt, J McKenry, M Abawi, GS Magunacelaya, JC Crozzoli, R Lemos, RM Nyczepir, AP Nagy, P Robbins, RT Kotcon, J Moens, M Brown, DJF TI SOD polymorphism in the Xiphinema americanum-group (Nematoda : Longidoridae) SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antioxidants; genetic variability; isozymes; phenotypes; zymograms ID IDENTIFICATION AB Isoelectrofocusing of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms was carried out on the extracts of 117 nematode populations belonging to the so-called Xiphinema americanum-group. These populations came from the USA (77), Chile (5), Argentina (1), Venezuela (5), Portugal (15), Italy (2), Crete (1), Montenegro (1), Slovakia (4), Hungary (3), Egypt (1) and India (2). A total of 17 bands of enzyme activity were observed in the screening, whilst single enzyme phenotypes showed from two to eight bands. The high degree of SOD polymorphism of this nematode collection was grouped by cluster analysis into seven distinct homogeneous groups characterised by specific combinations of SOD markers. Sub-groups could be discriminated for larger groups. The small Groups 3 and 5 were constituted mostly by populations from USA east coast states (i.e., NY and PA, respectively). The larger Group I resulted from the association of populations coming from various and distant North American States. In other large groups, North American populations were associated with South American and European populations. Overall, the data presented here suggest that geographic separation and different hosts do not seem to be the source of genetic diversity for the X. americanum-group. When an adequate number of populations were collected from the same country, the variability expressed by such a sub-sample was comparable to that of the whole nematode collection. For the first time, homogeneous populations of a large collection of X. americanum-group populations were associated by molecular means in order to explore further approaches that may help resolve the recalcitrant taxonomy and phylogeny of this much debated group. C1 CNR, Ist Protez Piante, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL USA. Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Biglerville, PA USA. Kearney Hort Stn, Parlier, CA USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY USA. Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Agron, Escuela Agron, Santiago, Chile. Cent Univ Venezuela, Fac Agron, Maracay, Venezuela. Direcao Reg Agr Beira Litoral, Lab Sabidade Vegetal, Coimbra, Portugal. USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. Szent Istvan Univ, Dept Zool & Ecol, Godollo, Hungary. Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Nematol Lab, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. W Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Agr Res Ctr, Crop Prod Dept, Merelbeke, Belgium. Cent Lab Gen Ecol, Sofia, Bulgaria. RP Molinari, S (reprint author), CNR, Ist Protez Piante, Via G Amendola 165A, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM nemasm04@area.ba.cnr.it RI Molinari, Sergio/L-3849-2013; Molinari, Sergio/B-7754-2015 OI Molinari, Sergio/0000-0002-2472-1289 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2004 VL 6 BP 867 EP 876 DI 10.1163/1568541044038579 PN 6 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 943WS UT WOS:000230386600007 ER PT J AU Lau, FC Frank, TC Nahm, SS Stoica, G Abbott, LC AF Lau, FC Frank, TC Nahm, SS Stoica, G Abbott, LC TI Postnatal apoptosis in cerebellar granule cells of homozygous leaner (tg(la)/tg(la)) mice SO NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CALCIUM-CHANNEL ALPHA(1A); NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PURKINJE-CELLS; MUTANT MOUSE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MEMBRANE DEPOLARIZATION; HETEROZYGOUS MICE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FLUORO-JADE; DEATH AB Leaner mice carry a homozygous, autosomal recessive mutation in the mouse CACNAlA gene encoding the alpha(1A) subunit of P/Q-type calcium channels, which results in an out-of-frame splicing event in the carboxy terminus of the a1A protein. Leaner mice exhibit severe ataxia, paroxysmal dyskinesia and absence seizures. Functional studies have revealed a marked decrease in calcium currents through leaner P/Q-type channels and altered neuronal calcium ion homeostasis in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Histopathological studies of leaner mice have revealed extensive postnatal cerebellar Purkinje and granule cell loss. We examined the temporospatial pattern of cerebellar granule cell death in the leaner mouse between postnatal days (P) 10 and 40. Our observations clearly indicate that leaner cerebellar granule cells die via an apoptotic process and that the peak time of neuronal death is P20. We did not observe a significant increase in microglial and astrocytic responses at P20, suggesting that glial responses are not a cause of neuronal cell death. We propose that the leaner cerebellar granule cell represents an in vivo animal model for low intracellular [Ca2+]-induced apoptosis. Since intracellular [Ca2+] is critical in the control of gene expression, it is quite likely that reduced intracellular [Ca2+] could activate a lethal cascade of altered gene expression leading to the apoptotic granule cell death in the leaner cerebellum. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Anat & Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Tufts Univ, USDA, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Coll Med, Dept Human Anat & Med Neurobiol, Hlth Sci Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Abbott, LC (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Anat & Publ Hlth, 4458 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM labbott@cvm.tamu.edu OI Nahm, Sang-Soep/0000-0002-0519-580X; Stoica, George/0000-0001-8071-4828 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30-ES09106] NR 69 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU F P GRAHAM PUBLISHING CO PI MOUNTAIN HOME PA PO BOX 370, MOUNTAIN HOME, TN 37684 USA SN 1029-8428 J9 NEUROTOX RES JI Neurotox. Res. PY 2004 VL 6 IS 4 BP 267 EP 280 PG 14 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 880OH UT WOS:000225798600005 PM 15545010 ER PT J AU Cronn, R Wendel, JF AF Cronn, R Wendel, JF TI Cryptic trysts, genomic mergers, and plant speciation SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Review DE hybridization; speciation; introgression; gene flow; Gossypium ID HOMOPLOID RETICULATE EVOLUTION; COTTON GENUS GOSSYPIUM; ALLOTETRAPLOID COTTON; MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; CONCERTED EVOLUTION; POLYPLOID FORMATION; RIBOSOMAL DNA; ADH SEQUENCES; MALVACEAE; GENES AB It has long been recognized that interspecific hybridization is common in plants, enhancing processes of diversification and speciation. With the widespread utilization of molecular tools, interspecific hybridization - as revealed through incongruence among two or more phylogenetic data sets - is now inferred to be even more prevalent than indicated by morphological and cytogenetic evidence. Using Gossypium as an example, we show how multiple molecular markers have implicated a high frequency of historical hybridization between lineages whose modern descendants are strongly isolated by geography and intrinsic genetic barriers. For example, transoceanic dispersal of propagules from Africa to the New World led to the creation of a novel allotetraploid lineage, as well as the introgression of African repetitive elements into a Mexican diploid species. By mechanisms that remain obscure, fully one-quarter of modern Gossypium species appear to have experienced historical interspecific cytoplasmic and possibly nuclear introgression. These remarkable observations of interspecific genetic exchange emerge from a genus for which such contact would appear improbable, implying that historical hybridization is a more creative force than suspected in angiosperm evolution. (C) New Phytologist (2003). C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Wendel, JF (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 44 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 161 IS 1 BP 133 EP 142 DI 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00947.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 755PJ UT WOS:000187417700019 ER PT J AU Richardson, AD Reeves, JB Gregoire, TG AF Richardson, AD Reeves, JB Gregoire, TG TI Multivariate analyses of visible/near infrared (VIS/NIR) absorbance spectra reveal underlying spectral differences among dried, ground conifer needle samples from different growth environments SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE balsam fir (Abies balsamea); conifer foliage; discriminant analysis; elevation; partial least squares (PLS) regression; principal components analysis; red spruce (Picea rubens); reflectance spectra ID REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; NITROGEN; CARBON; DISCRIMINATION; INFORMATION; PREDICTION; CHEMISTRY; MANURES; PLANT AB Absorbance of visible and near infrared (400-2500 nm) radiation by plant material is determined primarily by biochemical and structural components. We used three multivariate techniques to explore the spectral differences among dried, ground foliage samples of two conifer species from different montane growth environments (three elevations and two crown positions on three different mountains). Principal components analysis indicated underlying spectral patterns strongly related to species and crown position, and the derived components were correlated with the chemical composition of the samples. Discriminant analysis showed that it was possible to perfectly separate samples by species, but much more difficult to discriminate among different elevations, using just the spectral information. Samples from low and high elevation were well-separated, but mid elevation samples were frequently misclassified. Partial least squares regression produced results that were superior to those of discriminant analysis, in that all groups were better separated and there was less within-group variability. These approaches do not directly reveal the biochemical basis of the spectral differences. However, such methods provide a solid foundation for hypothesizing the overall degree of biochemical similarity among diverse samples. Thus, samples from different growth elevations appeared to be biochemically more similar than samples from different species or crown positions. Other potential applications are discussed. C1 Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. ARS, AMBL, ANRI, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Richardson, AD (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Morse Hall,39 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RI Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011 OI Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714 NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 161 IS 1 BP 291 EP 301 DI 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00913.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 755PJ UT WOS:000187417700032 ER PT J AU Kretzer, AM Dunham, S Molina, R Spatafora, JW AF Kretzer, AM Dunham, S Molina, R Spatafora, JW TI Microsatellite markers reveal the below ground distribution of genets in two species of Rhizopogon forming tuberculate ectomycorrhizas on Douglas fir SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Rhizopogon; tuberculate; ectomycorrhizas; fungal genets; microsatellite markers ID FUNGUS HEBELOMA-CYLINDROSPORUM; PINUS-MURICATA FOREST; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; POPULATION-GENETICS; SOMATIC INCOMPATIBILITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; SUILLUS-BOVINUS; BASIDIOMYCETE; DIVERSITY AB We have developed microsatellite markers for two sister species of Rhizopogon, R. vesiculosus and R. vinicolor (Boletales, Basidiomycota), and used selected markers to investigate genet size and distribution from ectomycorrhizal samples. Both species form ectomycorrhizas with tuberculate morphology on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Tuberculate ectomycorrhizas were sampled and mapped in two 10 x 10 m core plots located at Mary's Peak in the Oregon Coast Range and at Mill Creek in the Oregon Cascade Mountains, USA; additional samples were obtained from a larger area surrounding the Mary's Peak core plot. Gene diversities at the newly described microsatellite loci ranged from 0.00 to 0.68 in R. vesiculosus, and from 0.00 to 0.43 in R. vinicolor. Both taxa appeared to be in Hardy-Weinberg and linkage equilibrium. The largest distance observed between tuberculate ectomycorrhizas of the same genet was 13.4 m for R. vesiculosus, but only 2 m for R. vinicolor. This is to our knowledge the first study to differentiate fungal genets from ectomycorrhizas with great confidence using multiple codominant markers. C1 SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Fac Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Albertson Coll Idaho, Dept Biol, Caldwell, ID 83605 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kretzer, AM (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Fac Environm & Forest Biol, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. NR 43 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 161 IS 1 BP 313 EP 320 DI 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00915.x PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 755PJ UT WOS:000187417700034 ER PT S AU Liu, Y Chen, YR Wang, CY Chan, DE Kim, MS AF Liu, Y Chen, YR Wang, CY Chan, DE Kim, MS BE CHen, YR Tu, SI TI Development of hyperspectral imaging technique for the detection of chilling injury in cucumbers SO NONDESTRUCTIVE SENSING FOR FOOD SAFETY, QUALITY, AND NATURAL RESOURCES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nondestructive Sensing for Food Safety, Quality, and Natural Resources CY OCT 26-27, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP SPIE, IEICE, Commun Soc Opt Engn, IEICE, Elect Soc DE hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy; algorithm; principal component analysis; cucumber; chilling injury and safety ID REFLECTANCE; DEFECTS AB Hyperspectral images of cucumbers were acquired before and during cold storage treatment as well as during subsequent room temperature (RT) storage to explore the potential for the detection of chilling induced damage in whole cucumbers. Region of interest (ROI) spectral features of chilling injured areas, resulting from cold storage treatments at 0degreesC or 5degreesC, showed a reduction in reflectance intensity during multi-day post-chilling periods of RT storage. Large spectral differences between good-smooth skins and chilling injured skins occurred in the 700-850 nm visible/NIR region. A number of data processing methods, including simple spectral band algorithms, second difference, and principal component analysis (PCA), were attempted to discriminate the ROI spectra of good cucumber skins from those of chilling injured skins. Results revealed that using either a dual-band ratio algorithm (Q(811/756)) or a PCA model from a narrow spectral region of 733-848 run could detect chilling injured skins with a success rate of over 90%. Furthermore, the dual-band algorithm was applied to the analysis of images of cucumbers at different conditions, and the resultant images showed more correct identification of chilling injured spots than other processing methods. C1 USDA, ARS, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chen, YR (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Bldg 303,BARC-E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5540-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5587 BP 18 EP 28 DI 10.1117/12.597550 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BBL96 UT WOS:000226088600003 ER PT S AU Peng, YK Lu, RF AF Peng, YK Lu, RF BE CHen, YR Tu, SI TI Liquid crystal tunable filter based multispectral imaging system for prediction of apple fruit firmness SO NONDESTRUCTIVE SENSING FOR FOOD SAFETY, QUALITY, AND NATURAL RESOURCES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nondestructive Sensing for Food Safety, Quality, and Natural Resources CY OCT 26-27, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP SPIE, IEICE, Commun Soc Opt Engn, IEICE, Elect Soc DE fruit; apple; firmness; near-infrared; multispectral imaging; scattering; modified Lorentzian distribution function ID INFRARED DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE; IMPACT FORCE RESPONSE; SOLUBLE-SOLIDS; SUGAR CONTENT; INTERNAL QUALITY; PEACH FIRMNESS; SPECTROSCOPY; INTERACTANCE; KIWIFRUIT AB Firmness of apple fruit is an important quality attribute, which varies greatly in the same lot of fruit due to such factors as climatic condition, cultural practice, harvest time or maturity level, and postharvest handling and storage. This research developed a compact multispectral imaging system with a low cost digital camera and a liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF), and proposed a modified Lorentzian distribution (MLD) function to describe scattering profiles acquired from Red Delicious apples. The LCTF, which allows for the rapid, vibration-less selection of any wavelength in the visible/near-infrared range, was used to find optimal wavelengths over the spectral region between 650 nm and 1,000 nm for predicting apple fruit firmness. Radial scattering profiles were described accurately by the MLD function with four profile parameters for wavelengths between 650 nm and 1000 nm at an interval of 10 nm. Multi-linear regression (MI-R) and cross-validation were performed on relating MLD parameters to fruit firmness. The prediction model gave good firmness predictions with the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.82 and the standard error of validation (SEV) of 6.64 N, which were considerably better than those obtained with visible/near-infrared spectroscopy. C1 Michigan State Univ, USDA, ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Peng, YK (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, USDA, ARS, 105 Farrall Hall, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5540-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5587 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1117/12.571382 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BBL96 UT WOS:000226088600010 ER PT S AU Park, B Lawrence, KC Windham, WR Snead, MP AF Park, B Lawrence, KC Windham, WR Snead, MP BE CHen, YR Tu, SI TI Real-time image processing for rapid contaminant detection on broiler carcasses SO NONDESTRUCTIVE SENSING FOR FOOD SAFETY, QUALITY, AND NATURAL RESOURCES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nondestructive Sensing for Food Safety, Quality, and Natural Resources CY OCT 26-27, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP SPIE, IEICE, Commun Soc Opt Engn, IEICE, Elect Soc DE multispectral; real-time; image processing; common aperture; fecal contamination; machine vision; food safety inspection; poultry AB Recently, the imaging research group at Russell Research Center, ARS in Athens, Georgia has developed a real-time multispectral imaging system for fecal and ingesta contaminant detection on broiler carcasses. The prototype system includes a common aperture camera with three optical trim filters (515.4, 566.4 and 631-nm wavelength), which were selected by visible/NIR spectroscopy and validated by a hyperspectral imaging system. The preliminary results showed that the multispectral imaging technique can be used effectively for detecting feces (from duodenum, ceca, and colon) and ingesta on the surface of poultry carcasses with a processing speed of 140 birds per minute. The accuracy for the detection of fecal and ingesta contaminates was 96%. However, the system contains many false positives including scabs, feathers, and boundaries. This paper demonstrates calibration of common aperture multispectral imaging hardware and real-time multispectral image processing software. The software design, especially the Unified Modeling Language (UML) design approach was used to develop real-time image processing software for on-line application. The UML models including class, object, activity, sequence, and collaboration diagram were discussed. Both hardware and software for a real-time fecal and ingesta contaminant detection were tested at the pilot-scale poultry processing line. C1 USDA, ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Park, B (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5540-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5587 BP 101 EP 111 DI 10.1117/12.570028 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BBL96 UT WOS:000226088600011 ER PT S AU Yang, CC Chao, KL Chen, YR Early, HL AF Yang, CC Chao, KL Chen, YR Early, HL BE CHen, YR Tu, SI TI Systemically diseased chicken identification using multispectral images and region of interest analysis SO NONDESTRUCTIVE SENSING FOR FOOD SAFETY, QUALITY, AND NATURAL RESOURCES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nondestructive Sensing for Food Safety, Quality, and Natural Resources CY OCT 26-27, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP SPIE, IEICE, Commun Soc Opt Engn, IEICE, Elect Soc DE food safety; image analysis; multispectral imagery; poultry; septicemia ID POULTRY CARCASSES; REFLECTANCE; INGESTA; SPECTRA AB A simple multispectral classification method for the identification of systemically diseased chickens was developed and tested between two different imaging systems. An image processing algorithm was developed to define and locate the region of interest (ROI) as classification areas on the image. The average intensity was calculated for each classification area of the chicken image. A decision tree algorithm was used to determine threshold values for each classification areas. The wavelength of 540 nm was used for image differentiation purpose. There were 164 wholesome and 176 systemically diseased chicken images collected using the first imaging system, and 332 wholesome and 318 systemically diseased chicken images taken by the second imaging system. The differentiation thresholds, generated by the decision tree method, based on the images from the first imaging system were applied to the images from the second imaging system, and vice versa. The accuracy from evaluation was 95.7% for wholesome and 97.7% of systemically diseased chickens for the first image batch, and 99.7% for wholesome and 93.5% for systemically diseased chickens for the second image batch. The result showed that using single wavelength and threshold, this simple classification method can be used in automated on-line applications for chicken inspection. C1 USDA, ARS, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chao, KL (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5540-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5587 BP 121 EP 132 DI 10.1117/12.571488 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BBL96 UT WOS:000226088600013 ER PT S AU Chen, GY AF Chen, GY BE CHen, YR Tu, SI TI Design of a portable fluorometer capable of time-resolved luminescence measurements SO NONDESTRUCTIVE SENSING FOR FOOD SAFETY, QUALITY, AND NATURAL RESOURCES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nondestructive Sensing for Food Safety, Quality, and Natural Resources CY OCT 26-27, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP SPIE, IEICE, Commun Soc Opt Engn, IEICE, Elect Soc DE portable; fluorometer; time-resolved luminescence; field analysis ID SENSITIZED LUMINESCENCE; OXYTETRACYCLINE AB A rugged, filter-based fluorometer capable of time-resolved luminescence (TRL) measurements was designed, prototyped and tested for field applications. The instrument operation and data processing were controlled by a laptop computer running a custom LabVIEW program. A xenon flashlamp was used as the light source and a photomultiplier tube (PMT) as the photodetector. A gating technique was implemented to effectively overcome PMT saturation by intense xenon lamp flash so signal integrity was maintained even at very high gains, leading to improved sensitivity and reproducibility. The instrument was tested by TRL using tetracycline as a model analyte; and the signal was digitized at a 2-mus time resolution and a 12-bit amplitude resolution. Its performance was similar to or slightly better than that of a commercial fluorescence spectrophotometer. A 0-300 ppb linear dynamic range (r(2) = 0.9996) and a 0.025-ppb limit of detection (LOD) were achieved with a less than or equal to5% relative standard deviation. C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Chen, GY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RI Chen, Guoying/C-6800-2015 OI Chen, Guoying/0000-0001-9532-0696 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5540-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5587 BP 163 EP 169 DI 10.1117/12.570527 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BBL96 UT WOS:000226088600017 ER PT S AU Tu, SI Uknalis, J Gehring, A AF Tu, SI Uknalis, J Gehring, A BE CHen, YR Tu, SI TI Optical methods for detecting Escherichia. coli O157 : H7 spiked on cantaloupes SO NONDESTRUCTIVE SENSING FOR FOOD SAFETY, QUALITY, AND NATURAL RESOURCES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nondestructive Sensing for Food Safety, Quality, and Natural Resources CY OCT 26-27, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP SPIE, IEICE, Commun Soc Opt Engn, IEICE, Elect Soc DE E. coli O157 : H7; luminescence; pathogen detection; luminol; NAD(P)H ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; BOVINE FECES; SEPARATION; SURVIVAL; FOODS; WATER; ASSAY; LETTUCE; O157H7; CELLS AB Outbreaks of E. coli O157:H7 by the consumption of contaminated cantaloupes fruits have been documented. Pathogens harbored in the networked but porous veins in khaki colored skin are difficult to remove. Thus, sensitive and efficient methods are needed to detect the presence of E. coli O157:H7 in cantaloupes. In this work, known quantities of the E. coli were inoculated on cantaloupe skins or flesh at room temperature for 1 h. The contaminated samples were incubated in growth media at 37 degreesC for 3.3h. The bacteria captured by magnetic beads coated with anti E. coli O157 antibodies were further sandwiched by second anti E. coli O157 antibodies containing peroxidase for chemiluminescent measurements of captured bacteria. Alternatively, the captured bacteria were treated with electron-shuttering reagent to detect the cellular level of NAD(P)H via bioluminescence. The detected enzyme activity (peroxidase) and the NAD(P)H were used to measure the presence of the pathogen. The results indicated both the chemiluminescence and the fluorescence methods, in 96 well microplate format, could be applied to detect the E. coli contamination of cantaloupes. C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tu, SI (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5540-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5587 BP 183 EP 189 DI 10.1117/12.569269 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BBL96 UT WOS:000226088600020 ER PT S AU Kim, MS Lefcourt, AM Chen, YR AF Kim, MS Lefcourt, AM Chen, YR BE CHen, YR Tu, SI TI Ns-scale time-resolved laser induced fluorescence imaging for detection of fecal contamination on apples SO NONDESTRUCTIVE SENSING FOR FOOD SAFETY, QUALITY, AND NATURAL RESOURCES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nondestructive Sensing for Food Safety, Quality, and Natural Resources CY OCT 26-27, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP SPIE, IEICE, Commun Soc Opt Engn, IEICE, Elect Soc DE multispectral; imaging; time-resolved fluorescence; laser-induced fluorescence; food safety ID MULTISPECTRAL DETECTION; HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY; POULTRY CARCASSES; NEURAL-NETWORK; SYSTEM; REFLECTANCE; INSPECTION AB Our laboratory has been utilizing fluorescence techniques as a potential means for detection of quality and wholesomeness of food products. A system with a short pulse light source such as a laser coupled with a gated detector can be used to harvest fluorescence in ambient light conditions from biological samples with relatively low fluorescence yields. We present a versatile multispectral laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) imagine., system capable of ns-scale time resolved fluorescence. The system is equipped with a tunable pulse laser system that emits in the visible range from 410 nm to 690 nm. Ns-scale, time-dependent multispectral fluorescence emissions of apples contaminated with a ranue of diluted cow feces were acquired. Four spectral bands. F670, F680, F685 and F730, centered near the emission peak wavelengths of the major constituents responsible for the red fluorescence emissions from apples artificially contaminated with cow feces were examined to determine a suitable single red fluorescence band and optimal ns-gate window for detection of fecal contamination on apples. The results based on the ns decay curves showed that 670 nm with 10 nm full width at half maximum (FWHM) at a gate-delay of 4 ns from the laser excitation peak provided the greatest differences in time-dependent fluorescence responses between feces contaminated spots and apples surfaces. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kim, MS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5540-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5587 BP 190 EP 197 DI 10.1117/12.582042 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BBL96 UT WOS:000226088600021 ER PT J AU Parkas, J Paulsson, M Terashima, N Westermark, U Ralph, S AF Parkas, J Paulsson, M Terashima, N Westermark, U Ralph, S TI Light-induced yellowing of selectively C-13-enriched dehydrogenation polymers (DHPs). Part 1. Side-chain C-13-enriched DHP (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-C-13) SO NORDIC PULP & PAPER RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE photoyellowing; DHP; dehydrogenation polymer; C-13-enrichment; C-13 NMR spectroscopy ID MICROBIAL LIGNIN DEGRADATION; C-13 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; MILLED WOOD LIGNIN; HIGH-YIELD PULPS; CONIFERYL ALCOHOL; SOLID-STATE; THERMOMECHANICAL PULPS; MECHANICAL PULP; MODEL COMPOUNDS; PHOTODEGRADATION AB Light-induced yellowing has been studied using side-chain (alpha, beta, and gamma) C-13-enriched DHP (dehydrogenation polymer) and quantitative solution state C-13 NMR spectroscopy. The DHP was formed from C-13-enriched coniferin using an enzymatic system consisting of beta-glucosidase, glucose oxidase, and peroxidase in a pH 6 buffer solution. The DFIP was applied to filter paper, irradiated with UV/VIS light and the photodegraded DHP was extracted and analyzed. The NMR study revealed a drastic decrease in the amount of coniferyl alcohol end groups with the formation of end groups of the vanillin type and small amounts of end groups of the vanillic acid type. The results indicated a moderate formation of alpha-carbonyls, however, no significant decrease in the amount of beta-O-4 structures in the extractable part of the irradiated DHP could be established, based on difference spectra corresponding to the C-13-enriched DHP. C1 Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Chem Engn & Environm Sci, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Lulea Univ Technol, Dept Wood Mat Sci, SE-93187 Skelleftea, Sweden. US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Parkas, J (reprint author), Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Chem Engn & Environm Sci, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AB SVENSK PAPPERSTIDNING PI STOCKHOLM PA C/O SPCI, BOX 5515, SE114 85 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0283-2631 J9 NORD PULP PAP RES J JI Nord. Pulp Paper Res. J. PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1 BP 29 EP 36 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 813AU UT WOS:000220880800005 ER PT J AU Parkas, J Paulsson, M Terashima, N Westermark, U Ralph, S AF Parkas, J Paulsson, M Terashima, N Westermark, U Ralph, S TI Light-induced yellowing of selectively C-13-enriched dehydrogenation polymers (DHPs). Part 2. NMR assignments and photoyellowing of aromatic ring 1-, 3-, 4-, and 5-C-13 DHPs SO NORDIC PULP & PAPER RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE photoyellowing; DHP; dehydrogenation polymer; C-13-enrichment; NMR; chromophores; signal assignments ID LIGNIN MODEL COMPOUNDS; HIGH-YIELD PULPS; CELL-WALL LIGNIFICATION; EUCOMMIA-ULMOIDES OLIV; C-13 CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; MECHANICAL PULPS; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; CONIFERYL ALCOHOL; INDUCED OXIDATION; SUBSTITUENT AB Light-induced yellowing of lignocellulosic materials has been studied using C-13-enriched DHP (dehydrogenation polymer), selectively C-13-enriched at positions 1, 3, 4, and 5 in the aromatic ring, and quantitative solution state C-13 NMR spectroscopy. The NMR study confirmed the results of previous studies using side-chain labeled DHP mainly that coniferyl alcohol end groups are degraded with the subsequent formation of alpha-carbonylic structures, e.g. vanillin end groups. The developed technique renders the potential to follow chemical changes of aromatic carbons 1, 3, 4, and 5, independently from each other. Although a drastic photoyellowing of the sheets was observed, definitive chemical shifts corresponding to quinoid carbons could not be discerned in the spectra. The reasons for this may be that the amount of quinoid carbons formed was too low to be detected, with the experimental setup used, or that the quinoid photoproducts, if formed, were not extractable with the solvent used or had reacted further forming non-quinoid structures. C1 Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Chem Engn & Environm Sci, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Lulea Univ Technol, Dept Wood Mat Sci, SE-93187 Skelleftea, Sweden. US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Parkas, J (reprint author), Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Chem Engn & Environm Sci, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AB SVENSK PAPPERSTIDNING PI STOCKHOLM PA C/O SPCI, BOX 5515, SE114 85 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0283-2631 J9 NORD PULP PAP RES J JI Nord. Pulp Paper Res. J. PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1 BP 44 EP 52 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 813AU UT WOS:000220880800007 ER PT J AU Switzer, LH Klingenberg, DJ Scott, CT AF Switzer, LH Klingenberg, DJ Scott, CT TI Handsheet formation and mechanical testing via fiber-level simulations SO NORDIC PULP & PAPER RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE handsheets; networks; simulations; strength ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; DYNAMIC SIMULATION; RODLIKE PARTICLES; FLEXIBLE FIBERS; SUSPENSIONS; FLOW; STRENGTH AB A fiber model and simulation method are employed to investigate the mechanical response of planar fiber networks subjected to elongational deformation. The simulated responses agree qualitatively with numerous experimental observations, suggesting that such simulation methods may be useful for probing the relationships between fiber properties and interactions and the behavior of fiber networks. Quantitative discrepancies between experiments and simulations are attributed in part to computational limitations, in addition to potential shortcomings in the underlying fiber model. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Rheol Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Switzer, LH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM leonard_switzer@praxair.com; klingen@neep.engr.wisc.edu; cscott@facstaff.wisc.edu NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU AB SVENSK PAPPERSTIDNING PI STOCKHOLM PA C/O SPCI, BOX 5515, SE114 85 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0283-2631 J9 NORD PULP PAP RES J JI Nord. Pulp Paper Res. J. PY 2004 VL 19 IS 4 BP 434 EP 439 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 884EP UT WOS:000226067800005 ER PT J AU Schrader, KK Rimando, AM Tucker, CS Glinski, J Cutler, SJ Cutler, HG AF Schrader, KK Rimando, AM Tucker, CS Glinski, J Cutler, SJ Cutler, HG TI Evaluation of the natural product SeaKleen for controlling the musty-odor-producing cyanobacterium Oscillatoria perornata in catfish ponds SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID SELECTIVE TOXICITY; CF. CHALYBEA; 2-METHYLISOBORNEOL; GEOSMIN AB The cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) Oscillatoria perornata is the major cause of musty off-flavor in farm-raised channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in western Mississippi. Currently, the only federally approved compounds for use as selective algicides in catfish aquaculture ponds in the southeastern United States are the herbicide diuron and copper-based products (eg., copper sulfate). Due to environmental issues and the broad-spectrum toxicity of these synthetic algicides to nontarget organisms, there is a need for environmentally safe algicides for controlling O. perornata in catfish ponds. Laboratory bioassay screening of the natural product SeaKleen, a quinone-based biocide used to treat the ballast water from ships, found that it is selectively toxic towards O. perornata compared with the green alga Selenastrum capricornutum. Subsequently, efficacy testing of SeaKleen was performed using limnocorrals placed in catfish aquaculture ponds containing O. perornata blooms. Two studies were performed: a dose-response study and a single-effective-concentration study. For both studies, water samples were removed from inside the limnocorrals before and after the application of SeaKleen. These water samples were monitored for levels of the musty off-flavor compound 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), chlorophyll-a levels, and phytoplankton community structure. Results from both studies found that approximately 1.3 mg/ L SeaKleen was effective in significantly reducing the levels of chlorophyll a and MIB compared with controls. In addition, the abundance of O. perornata and other predominant species of filamentous cyanobacteria were significantly reduced compared with controls. Green algae and diatoms were not significantly affected. Additional studies are needed to determine the potential of SeaKleen as a selective algicide in commercial catfish aquaculture. C1 Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. Planta Analyt, Fairfield, CT 06812 USA. Garnett Inc, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. RP Schrader, KK (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM kschrader@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 66 IS 1 BP 20 EP 28 DI 10.1577/A03-026 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 770QK UT WOS:000188741600004 ER PT J AU Owen, SF Edwards, JW Ford, WM Crum, JM Wood, PB AF Owen, SF Edwards, JW Ford, WM Crum, JM Wood, PB TI Raccoon roundworm in raccoons in Central West Virginia SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID BAYLISASCARIS-PROCYONIS; ALLEGHENY WOODRAT; LARVA MIGRANS; LOTOR; POPULATION; PARASITES; MOVEMENTS; WILDLIFE AB We investigated the occurrence of raccoon roundworm (Baylisascaris procyonis) in common raccoons (Procyon lotor) in the Allegheny Mountains of West Virginia during spring (n = 9, April-June) and fall (n = 5, August-October) 2001 and spring (n = 7) and fall (n = 4) 2002. We found no evidence of B. procyonis infection in 25 raccoons sampled by fecal floatation and necropsy methodologies. However, we did detect Capillaria sp. eggs in 28% and Strongyloides sp. eggs in 64% of individual raccoons, respectively. Baylisascaris procyonis has been implicated in population declines of the Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) in the northeastern United States. The low prevalence of B. procyonis in an area inhabited by what is believed to be a stable population of Allegheny woodrats supports conservation measures to continue to monitor anthropogenic activities that potentially may increase the prevalence of B. procyonis or raccoon interaction with Allegheny woodrats in the region. C1 W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, NE Forest Expt Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. WV Div Nat Resources, Elkins, WV 26241 USA. W Virginia Univ, USGS, Div Forestry, W Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Edwards, JW (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM jedwards@wvu.edu NR 26 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 6 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PY 2004 VL 11 IS 2 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.1656/1092-6194(2004)011[0137:RRIRIC]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 843LT UT WOS:000223086100003 ER PT J AU Alkharouf, NW Matthews, BF AF Alkharouf, NW Matthews, BF TI SGMD: the soybean Genomics and Microarray database SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CDNA MICROARRAY; GENE-EXPRESSION; STANDARDS; RICE AB The Soybean Genomics and Microarray Database (SGMD) attempts to provide an integrated view of the interaction of soybean with the soybean cyst nematode and contains genomic, EST and microarray data with embedded analytical tools allowing correlation of soybean ESTs with their gene expression profiles. SGMD provides analytical tools to mine the microarray data quickly by integrating many analysis methods within the database itself. The expression profiles of genes at time intervals during the first 8 days of nematode invasion is searchable by gene name or GenBank accession number. Recent developments include the addition of a searchable database for soybean cyst nematode ESTs and photographs of the invasion process at time points examined using microarrays. SGMD is completely accessible from the web at: http:// psi081.ba.ars.usda.gov/SGMD/default.htm. C1 ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. George Mason Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. RP Matthews, BF (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Bldg 006,Room 118,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM matthewb@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2004 VL 32 SI SI BP D398 EP D400 DI 10.1093/nar/gkh126 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 763HM UT WOS:000188079000094 PM 14681442 ER PT J AU Lawrence, CJ Dong, OF Polacco, ML Seigfried, TE Brendel, V AF Lawrence, CJ Dong, OF Polacco, ML Seigfried, TE Brendel, V TI MaizeGDB, the community database for maize genetics and genomics SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB The Maize Genetics and Genomics Database (MaizeGDB) is a central repository for maize sequence, stock, phenotype, genotypic and karyotypic variation, and chromosomal mapping data. In addition, MaizeGDB provides contact information for over 2400 maize cooperative researchers, facilitating interactions between members of the rapidly expanding maize community. MaizeGDB represents the synthesis of all data available previously from ZmDB and from MaizeDB-databases that have been superseded by MaizeGDB. MaizeGDB provides web-based tools for ordering maize stocks from several organizations including the Maize Genetics Cooperation Stock Center and the North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station (NCRPIS). Sequence searches yield records displayed with embedded links to facilitate ordering cloned sequences from various groups including the Maize Gene Discovery Project and the Clemson University Genomics Institute. An intuitive web interface is implemented to facilitate navigation between related data, and analytical tools are embedded within data displays. Web-based curation tools for both designated experts and general researchers are currently under development. MaizeGDB can be accessed at http://www.maizegdb.org/. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. ARS, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Brendel, V (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vbrendel@iastate.edu NR 19 TC 74 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2004 VL 32 SI SI BP D393 EP D397 DI 10.1093/nar/gkh011 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 763HM UT WOS:000188079000093 PM 14681441 ER PT S AU Ordovas, JM Corella, D AF Ordovas, Jose M. Corella, Dolores BE Simopoulos, AP Ordovas, JM TI Genes, Diet and Plasma Lipids: The Evidence from Observational Studies SO NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS SE World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-IV; ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-GAMMA; HEPATIC LIPASE GENE; HETEROZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN-CHOLESTEROL; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; NATIONAL-HEALTH SURVEY; SATURATED FAT INTAKE; BODY-MASS INDEX; PRO12ALA POLYMORPHISM C1 [Ordovas, Jose M.; Corella, Dolores] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Corella, Dolores] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Valencia, Spain. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu OI Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 54776] NR 149 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0084-2230 BN 978-3-8055-7782-3 J9 WORLD REV NUTR DIET JI World Rev.Nutr.Diet. PY 2004 VL 93 BP 41 EP 76 PG 36 WC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BKL89 UT WOS:000268458900003 PM 15496801 ER PT J AU Mayne, ST Walter, M Cartmel, B Goodwin, WJ Blumberg, J AF Mayne, ST Walter, M Cartmel, B Goodwin, WJ Blumberg, J TI Supplemental beta-carotene, smoking, and urinary F-2-isoprostane excretion in patients with prior early stage head and neck cancer SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LUNG-CANCER; 8-ISO-PROSTAGLANDIN F2-ALPHA; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; VITAMIN-E; IN-VIVO; SMOKERS; PLASMA; ANTIOXIDANT; RETINOL; STRESS AB Supplemental beta-carotene has been shown to increase lung cancer risk in recent chemoprevention trials, especially in current smokers. Several possible mechanisms for this effect have been suggested based upon in vitro and animal studies, but mechanistic data from human studies to explain the excess risk are lacking. beta-Carotene has both antioxidant and prooxidant effects in vitro; therefore, we evaluated whether or not high-dose supplemental beta-carotene might have prooxidant effects in vivo, especially in current smokers taking high-dose supplemental beta-carotene for several years (median 4.0 yr). Urine samples (n = 55 total) were collected from both smokers and nonsmokers participating in a multiyear randomized chemoprevention trial of supplemental beta-carotene (50 mg/day) versus placebo. Samples were analyzed by GC/MS for total isoprostanes and for 8-iso-prostaglandin F-2alpha (8-iso-PGF(2alpha)), stable end products of lipid peroxidation in vivo. Smokers had higher levels of both total isoprostanes and 8-iso-PGF(2alpha). Smokers and nonsmokers randomized to beta-carotene had nonsignificantly lower concentrations of total isoprostanes and of 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) [mean +/- SD 8-iso-PGF(2alpha)/ml = 2.00 +/- 1.72 (placebo smoker); 1.72 +/- 1.66 (beta-carotene smoker); 1.22 +/- 0.68 (placebo nonsmoker); 0.97 +/- 0.62 (beta-carotene nonsmoker)]. These results indicate that supplemental beta-carotene, even when given at high doses for many years, does not have prooxidant effects in either smokers or nonsmokers, as measured by urinary excretion of F-2-isoprostanes. C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. RP Mayne, ST (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, 60 Coll St,POB 208034, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM Susan.Mayne@Yale.Edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 64567, R01 CA 42101] NR 27 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 2004 VL 49 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1207/s15327914nc4901_1 PG 6 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 856VH UT WOS:000224072800001 PM 15454352 ER PT J AU Lagiou, P Samoli, E Lagiou, A Katsouyanni, K Peterson, J Dwyer, J Trichopoulos, D AF Lagiou, P Samoli, E Lagiou, A Katsouyanni, K Peterson, J Dwyer, J Trichopoulos, D TI Flavonoid intake in relation to lung cancer risk: A case-control study among women in Greece SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DIETARY CATECHINS; INHIBITION; CELLS AB We have examined the role of three classes of flavonoids that are relatively common in the Greek diet (flavanones, flavan-3-ols, and flavonols) in the etiology of lung cancer using data from a case-control study among women, which was undertaken in Athens, Greece, in the late 1980s. Study subjects were 154 women with lung cancer and 145 control women with orthopedic conditions. Women reported their life-long smoking histories and average frequency of consumption, before onset of present disease, of 4 7 food items or beverages that collectively covered >80% of the intake of each of the energy-providing nutrients. Intakes of flavonoids were calculated using the recently published U.S. Department of Agriculture database. The data were modeled through logistic regression, controlling for energy intake and smoking. There was no indication that intake of any of the studied flavonoid categories reduces the risk of lung cancer, indeed, for flavonols there was an unexpected positive association. Thus, our study does not indicate a protective effect of flavanones, flavan-3-ols, or flavonols on lung cancer risk and indicates that the factors responsible for the protective effect of vegetables and fruits against the risk of this cancer are unlikely to belong to these flavonoid categories. C1 Univ Athens, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-11527 Athens, Greece. Akad Platonos, Athens Technol Inst, TEI, Fac Hlth Proffess, GR-10441 Athens, Greece. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Nutr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts New England Med Ctr, Frances Stern Nutr Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lagiou, P (reprint author), Univ Athens, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, 75 M Assias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece. EM pdlagiou@med.uoa.gr RI Katsouyanni, Klea/D-4856-2014; OI Katsouyanni, Klea/0000-0002-0132-9575; Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 2004 VL 49 IS 2 BP 139 EP 143 DI 10.1207/s15327914nc4902_4 PG 5 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 869ZY UT WOS:000225025000004 PM 15489206 ER PT J AU Ilsley, JNM Belinsky, GS Guda, K Zhang, Q Huang, X Blumberg, JB Milbury, PE Roberts, LJ Stevens, RG Rosenberg, DW AF Ilsley, JNM Belinsky, GS Guda, K Zhang, Q Huang, X Blumberg, JB Milbury, PE Roberts, LJ Stevens, RG Rosenberg, DW TI Dietary iron promotes azoxymethane-induced colon tumors in mice SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; CELL-PROLIFERATION; INBRED MICE; IN-VIVO; CANCER; CARCINOGENESIS; MUCOSA; RATS; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY AB There is accumulating evidence that high levels of dietary iron may play a role in colon carcinogenesis. We used a mouse model to investigate the impact of elevated dietary iron on incidence of aberrant crypt foci (ACF; a preneoplastic lesion) on tumor formation and on induction of oxidative stress. A/J mice were injected intraperitoneally, once a week for 6 weeks, with the colonotropic carcinogen, azoxymethane (AOM) or saline (vehicle controls). Following AOM or saline treatments, mice were placed on diets of high (3, 000 ppm) and low (30 ppm) iron. Mice in each treatment group were sacrificed at 6 and 10 weeks following the final injection with AOM or saline. Colons were removed for subsequent histopathological analysis, which revealed average increases of 4.6 +/- 1.3 vs. 10.4 +/- 2.5 total tumors at 6 weeks and 30.75 +/- 2.7 vs. 41.5 +/- 4.4 total tumors at 10 weeks per AOM-treated mouse on low- and high-iron diets, respectively. There were no significant differences in incidence of ACF attributable to iron, although there was a trend toward greater crypt multiplicity per focus in mice on high-iron diets. Notably, no tumors were observed in mice receiving vehicle control injections in place of carcinogen, regardless of the level of dietary iron. These data suggest that iron exerts its effect at the stage of tumor promotion, but is not sufficient to initiate tumor formation. To learn more about mechanisms by which iron promotes tumor growth, colons were assayed for several biomarkers of oxidative stress [BOS; total F-2-isoprostanes (F-2-IsoPs), 15-F2t-isoprostanes (8-IsoPGF2alphas), Isofurans (IsoFs), and 8-hydroxyguanosines (8-OH[d]Gs)], as well as iron absorption, programmed cell death, and cellular proliferation. Elevated PCNA and TUNEL staining of the colon epithelium revealed hyperproliferative and apoptotic responses to iron, while no significant differences between iron groups were observed in each of the BOS that were assayed. Our results suggest that, following carcinogen exposure, elevated dietary iron promotes the growth of tumors with altered cellular homeostasis through a mechanism that is independent of oxidative stress. C1 Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Ctr Mol Med, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. NYU, Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Sch Nutr Sci & Policy,Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Med & Pharmacol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Community Med, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. RP Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Ctr Mol Med, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. EM Rosenberg@nso2.uchc.edu RI guda, kishore/E-3389-2010 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-01015, CA-81428] NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0163-5581 EI 1532-7914 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 2004 VL 49 IS 2 BP 162 EP 169 DI 10.1207/s15327914nc4902_7 PG 8 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 869ZY UT WOS:000225025000007 PM 15489209 ER PT J AU Collins, JK Arjmandi, BH Claypool, PL Perkins-Veazie, P Baker, RA Clevidence, BA AF Collins, J. K. Arjmandi, B. H. Claypool, P. L. Perkins-Veazie, P. Baker, R. A. Clevidence, B. A. TI Lycopene from two food sources does not affect antioxidant or cholesterol status of middle-aged adults SO NUTRITION JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Background: Epidemiological studies have reported associations between reduced cardiovascular disease and diets rich in tomato and/or lycopene. Intervention studies have shown that lycopene-containing foods may reduce cholesterol levels and lipid peroxidation, factors implicated in the initiation of cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to determine whether consumption of lycopene rich foods conferred cardiovascular protection to middle-aged adults as indicated by plasma lipid concentrations and measures of ex vivo antioxidants. Methods: Ten healthy men and women consumed a low lycopene diet with no added lycopene (control treatment) or supplemented with watermelon or tomato juice each containing 20 mg lycopene. Subjects consumed each treatment for three weeks in a crossover design. Plasma, collected weekly was analyzed for total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride concentrations and for the antioxidant biomarkers of malondialdehyde formation products (MDA), plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed Procedure and associations between antioxidant and lipid measures were identified by Pearson's product moment correlation analysis. Results: Compared to the control diet, the lycopene-containing foods did not affect plasma lipid concentrations or antioxidant biomarkers. Women had higher total cholesterol, HDL-C and triglyceride concentrations than did the men. Total cholesterol was positively correlated to MDA and FRAP while HDL-C was positively correlated to MDA and GPX. GPX was negatively correlated to triglyceride concentration. Conclusions: The inclusion of watermelon or tomato juice containing 20 mg lycopene did not affect plasma lipid concentrations or antioxidant status of healthy subjects. However, plasma cholesterol levels impacted the results of MDA and FRAP antioxidant tests. C1 [Collins, J. K.; Perkins-Veazie, P.] ARS, USDA, South Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Arjmandi, B. H.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Claypool, P. L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Stat, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Baker, R. A.] ARS, USDA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL USA. [Clevidence, B. A.] ARS, USDA, Diet & Human Performance Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Collins, JK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, South Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. EM jcollins-usda@lane-ag.org; arjmand@okstate.edu; plcstat@okstate.edu; pperkins-usda@lane-ag.org; rbaker11@tampabay.rr.com; Clevideb@ba.ars.usda.gov FU National Watermelon Promotion Board, Orlando, FL FX Research supported in part by a grant from the National Watermelon Promotion Board, Orlando, FL. Researchers would like to acknowledge the following individuals for their technical assistance: Kari Callicoat, Edralin Lucas and Jarrod King. NR 45 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2891 J9 NUTR J JI Nutr. J. PY 2004 VL 3 AR 15 DI 10.1186/1475-2891-3-15 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA V40MD UT WOS:000209481800015 PM 15369594 ER PT J AU Mahabir, S Baer, DJ Johnson, LL Dorgan, JF Campbell, W Brown, E Hartman, TJ Clevidence, B Albanes, D Judd, JT Taylor, PR AF Mahabir, Somdat Baer, David J. Johnson, Laura L. Dorgan, Joanne F. Campbell, William Brown, Ellen Hartman, Terryl J. Clevidence, Beverly Albanes, Demetrius Judd, Joseph T. Taylor, Philip R. TI The effects of moderate alcohol supplementation on estrone sulfate and DHEAS in postmenopausal women in a controlled feeding study SO NUTRITION JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Background: We have demonstrated that moderate alcohol consumption (15 g/d, 30 g/d) for 8 weeks resulted in significantly increased levels of serum estrone sulfate and DHEAS in 51 postmenopausal women in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. We now report on the relationships between serum estrone sulfate and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels after 4 weeks of moderate alcohol supplementation, and compare the results to the 8 weeks data to elucidate time-to-effect differences. Methods: Postmenopausal women (n = 51) consumed 0 (placebo), 15 (1 drink), and 30 (2 drinks) g alcohol (ethanol)/day for 8 weeks as part of a controlled diet in a randomized crossover design. Blood samples were drawn at baseline, at 4 weeks and at 8 weeks. Changes in estrone sulfate and DHEAS levels from placebo to 15 g and 30 g alcohol per day were estimated using linear mixed models. Results and Discussion: At week 4, compared to the placebo, estrone sulfate increased an average 6.9% (P = 0.24) when the women consumed 15 g of alcohol per day, and 22.2% (P = 0.0006) when they consumed 30 g alcohol per day. DHEAS concentrations also increased significantly by an average of 8.0% (P < 0.0001) on 15 g of alcohol per day and 9.2% (P < 0.0001) when 30 g alcohol was consumed per day. Trend tests across doses for both estrone sulfate (P = 0.0006) and DHEAS (P < 0.0001) were significant. We found no significant differences between the absolute levels of serum estrone sulfate at week 4 versus week 8 (P = 0.32) across all doses. However, absolute DHEAS levels increased from week 4 to week 8 (P < 0.0001) at all three dose levels. Conclusions: These data indicate that the hormonal effects due to moderate alcohol consumption are seen early, within 4 weeks of initiation of ingestion. C1 [Mahabir, Somdat; Johnson, Laura L.; Taylor, Philip R.] NCI, Canc Prevent Studies Branch, Ctr Canc Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dorgan, Joanne F.] Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Div Populat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. [Campbell, William; Brown, Ellen; Clevidence, Beverly; Judd, Joseph T.] ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hartman, Terryl J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Albanes, Demetrius] NCI, Nutr Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Mahabir, S (reprint author), NCI, Canc Prevent Studies Branch, Ctr Canc Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mahabirs@mail.nih.gov; baer@bhnrc.arsusda.gov; johnslau@mail.nih.gov; JF_Dorgan@fccc.edu; campbell@bhnrc.arsusda.gov; ellbrown@jhsph.edu; tjha@psu.edu; bev@bhnrc.arsusda.gov; albanesd@mail.nih.gov; judd@bhnrc.arsusda.gov; ptaylor@mail.nih.gov RI Albanes, Demetrius/B-9749-2015 FU [Y1-SC-8012] FX The present work was funded in part by interagency agreement Y1-SC-8012 NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2891 J9 NUTR J JI Nutr. J. PY 2004 VL 3 AR 11 DI 10.1186/1475-2891-3-11 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA V40MD UT WOS:000209481800011 PM 15353002 ER PT S AU Ellis, KJ AF Ellis, Kenneth J. BE Kiess, W Marcus, C Wabitsch, M TI Body Composition Measurements SO OBESITY IN CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE SE Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BIOELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE; LIPID-CONTENT; CHILDREN; PREDICTION; FAT; ADOLESCENTS; WATER; GIRLS; MODEL; MRI C1 [Ellis, Kenneth J.] ARS, Baylor Coll Med, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ellis, Kenneth J.] ARS, Body Composit Lab, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Ellis, KJ (reprint author), ARS, Baylor Coll Med, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kellis@bcm.tmc.edu NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1017-5989 BN 978-3-8055-7730-4 J9 PEDIATR ADOLESC MED JI Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PY 2004 VL 9 BP 20 EP 29 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics GA BKL96 UT WOS:000268461800002 ER PT J AU Keim, NL Horn, WF AF Keim, NL Horn, WF TI Restrained eating Behavior and the metabolic response to dietary energy restriction in women SO OBESITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE dieting; postprandial metabolism; fat oxidation; carbohydrate oxidation; insulin ID INDUCED THERMOGENESIS; UNRESTRAINED EATERS; OBESE WOMEN; BODY-WEIGHT; EXPENDITURE; FAT; CARBOHYDRATE; GLUCOSE AB Objective: To determine whether prior eating behavior characterized by dietary restraint alters responses in energy expenditure and substrate oxidation associated with a short-term, energy restricted diet. Research Methods and Procedures: A repeated-measures, 3-day diet-intervention study of adequate (125 kJ/kg of body weight) or restricted (62.5 kJ/kg) energy intake was conducted with 30 women, 20 to 46 years, BMI 25 to 45 kg/m(2), whose prior eating behavior was "restrained" or "unrestrained." The Eating Inventory (cognitive restraint subscale) was used to measure restrained eating behavior. Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were measured after a 12-hour fast and during the first and fourth hours after a standard meal. Plasma glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, and insulin were measured at corresponding times. Body composition was determined by total body electrical conductivity. Results: Resting energy expenditure was not affected by 3 days of energy restriction. Short-term energy restriction resulted in lower respiratory-exchange ratios, higher rates of fat oxidation, and lower rates of carbohydrate oxidation. Subjects classified as restrained eaters had higher postprandial respiratory-exchange ratios and carbohydrate-oxidation rates compared with unrestrained eaters. Fasting insulin concentrations were lower in restrained eaters. These effects associated with prior eating behavior were independent of the diet intervention. Discussion: Metabolic outcomes associated with a 3-day energy-restricted diet (i.e., increased fat oxidation and decreased carbohydrate oxidation) were not affected by prior restrained eating behavior. However, restrained eating behavior was associated with increased carbohydrate oxidation after a mixed meal. This effect of restrained eating behavior may be attributable to increased insulin sensitivity. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Keim, NL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM nkeim@whnrc.usda.gov RI Horn, William/B-8332-2009; OI Horn, William/0000-0002-2681-4163 NR 26 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU NORTH AMER ASSOC STUDY OBESITY PI SILVER SPRING PA 8630 FENTON ST, SUITE 918, SILVER SPRING, MD 20910 USA SN 1071-7323 J9 OBES RES JI Obes. Res. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 12 IS 1 BP 141 EP 149 DI 10.1038/oby.2004.19 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 768GU UT WOS:000188535900019 PM 14742853 ER PT B AU Annelli, J AF Annelli, J BE Kelly, TK Chalk, P Bonomo, J Parachini, J Jackson, BA Cecchine, G TI Foreign animal disease control: Vaccination and culling SO OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY BLUE RIBBON PANEL ON THE THREAT OF BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM DIRECTED AGAINST LIVESTOCK SE RAND CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Threat of Biological Terrorism Directed Against Livestock CY DEC 08-09, 2003 CL Washington, DC SP Off Sci & Technol Policy AB Recent global events have dramatically increased the attention given to veterinary medical regulatory authorities' responsibility of protecting their country's agricultural interests from the threat of exotic disease outbreaks. A vaccine can be a valuable tool to help curb the spread of an exotic disease epidemic and / or lessen its economic impact. However, the decision on whether or not to use a vaccine during an outbreak may be complex and have far-reaching impacts. The decision must be approached in a logical and orderly fashion, taking into account the scientific, economic, political, and practical considerations that are unique to each individual disease outbreak. A decision making process for the use of a vaccine developed for foot-and-mouth disease and its potential application to help decide on the use of vaccines in other exotic disease outbreaks is discussed. C1 USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU RAND PI SANTA MONICA PA PUBLICATIONS DEPT, 1700 MAIN ST PO BOX 2138, SANTA MONICA, CA 90407-2138 USA BN 0-8330-3633-5 J9 RAND CONF PROC PY 2004 BP 165 EP 174 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Agriculture; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA BAJ76 UT WOS:000222602500013 ER PT J AU Liebhold, A Sork, V Peltonen, M Koenig, W Bjornstad, ON Westfall, R Elkinton, J Knops, JMH AF Liebhold, A Sork, V Peltonen, M Koenig, W Bjornstad, ON Westfall, R Elkinton, J Knops, JMH TI Within-population spatial synchrony in mast seeding of North American oaks SO OIKOS LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL COASTAL CALIFORNIA; EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY; ACORN PRODUCTION; REPRODUCTION; DISPERSAL; DYNAMICS; TREES; PATTERNS; VARIABILITY; POLLINATION AB Mast seeding, the synchronous production of large crops of seeds, has been frequently documented in oak species. In this study we used several North American oak data-sets to quantify within-stand (<10 km) synchrony in mast dynamics. Results indicated that intraspecific synchrony in seed production always exceeded interspecific synchrony and was essentially constant over distances ranging from 100 m to 10 km. Asynchrony between species was at least partially attributable to differences in the endogenous dynamics in seed production caused by the varying numbers of years (1 or 2) required to mature seeds. Similarly, the magnitude of intraspecific seed production synchrony was related to intraspecific variation in endogenous dynamics; this intraspecific variation could be caused by spatial variation in habitat conditions. These results indicate that both interspecific and intraspecific variation in the endogenous processes generating variability in seed production may influence the magnitude of spatial synchrony in total (all species) mast production. Such findings may be of significance to understanding interactions between synchrony in mast seeding and animal consumer populations. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Organism Biol Ecol & Evolut, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Minist Agr & Forestry, FIN-00023 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Carmel Valley, CA 93924 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol & Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Entomol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Liebhold, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 180 Canfield St, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM aliebhold@fs.fed.us RI Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008; Bjornstad, Ottar/I-4518-2012; OI Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534; Westfall, Bob/0000-0002-8315-3322; Koenig, Walter/0000-0001-6207-1427 NR 45 TC 55 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 21 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0030-1299 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos PD JAN PY 2004 VL 104 IS 1 BP 156 EP 164 DI 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12722.x PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 762FY UT WOS:000187962200017 ER PT B AU Luthria, D Vinjamoori, D Noel, K Ezzell, J AF Luthria, D Vinjamoori, D Noel, K Ezzell, J BE Luthria, DL TI Accelerated solvent extraction SO OIL EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS: CRITICAL ISSUES AND COMPARATIVE STUDIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Critical Issue, Current and Emerging Technologies for Determination of Crude Fat Content in Food, Feed and Seeds held at the AOCS Annual Meeting CY MAY, 2003 CL Kansas City, MO SP AOCS AB Extraction of solid and semisolid samples using liquid solvents is a common practice in nearly every analytical laboratory. Years of empirical testing have resulted in rugged and reproducible methodologies for a wide range of analyte classes. However, recent concerns regarding the volumes of organic solvents used (with the associated human exposure), along with increased purchase and disposal costs, have emphasized the need for more efficient sample extraction methods. In response to these concerns, accelerated solvent extraction (ASE(R), Dionex Corporation, Salt Lake City, UT) was introduced. Since its introduction in 1995, ASE has grown rapidly as an accepted alternative to traditional extraction methods. Accelerated solvent extraction takes advantage of the enhanced solubilities that occur as the temperature of a liquid solvent is increased. Increasing the temperature of solvent results in a decrease in viscosity, allowing better penetration of the sample matrix. In addition, analyte diffusion from the sample matrix into the solvent and overall solvent capacity are increased. In traditional Soxhlet extraction, the solvent that comes into contact with the sample has passed through a cooling condenser, and is therefore close to room temperature at the point of contact. The time required to complete Soxhlet extractions ranges from 6 to 48 h. Semi-automated Soxhlet systems that immerse the sample into boiling solvent are available. This increase in the temperature of the contacting solvent shortens the required extraction time to similar to 2 h. Using these systems, a further increase in temperature beyond the boiling point of the solvent is not possible due to solvent loss because these systems operate at atmospheric pressure. However, a continued increase in the temperature should continue to enhance the extraction process. This can be accomplished by applying pressure, which maintains the solvent in its liquid state beyond its atmospheric boiling point. This is the theoretical basis for ASE technology and represents the next step in liquid solvent extraction of environmental samples. There are, of course, Emits to which raising the temperature is feasible, due to thermal degradation concerns. However, as evidenced by data published to date, there is room to continue raising the temperature, thereby improving the extraction efficiency, without risking analyte degradation in environmental samples. As the extraction efficiency is increased, the time required to perform extractions and the amount of solvent needed is reduced. When performing ASE, a 10-g sample can be extracted in similar to 12 min using 12-15 mL of solvent. As the sample size is increased (33 mL volume maximum), the amount of solvent used increases proportionally (45-50 mL maximum), but the total extraction time remains unchanged. The short extraction times and small solvent usage make this technique amenable to automation. Samples loaded into stainless steel extraction vessels (11, 22, or 33 mL internal volume) are extracted sequentially into standard 40- or 60-mL glass collection vials. After extraction, the spent sample remains in the cell, whereas the extract is immediately ready for processing. The system is designed to extract up to 24 samples unattended. Because existing solvent-based extraction methods can be readily transferred to ASE technology, methods development is greatly simplified. Existing sample preparation and postextraction processing steps remain in place because the extracts generated by ASE will be of very nearly the same composition as those generated with the existing solvent-based extraction technique. The large range of polarities and solvent strengths available when using liquid solvents, including solvent mixtures, allows a high degree of flexibility and selectivity when developing methods for new sample matrices. C1 USDA ARS, FCL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Luthria, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, FCL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 508 S 6TH ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 USA BN 1-893997-78-2 PY 2004 BP 25 EP 38 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BAW21 UT WOS:000223875700003 ER PT B AU Luthria, DL Noel, K Vinjamoori, D AF Luthria, DL Noel, K Vinjamoori, D BE Luthria, DL TI Effect of moisture content, grinding, and extraction technologies on crude fat assay SO OIL EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS: CRITICAL ISSUES AND COMPARATIVE STUDIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Critical Issue, Current and Emerging Technologies for Determination of Crude Fat Content in Food, Feed and Seeds held at the AOCS Annual Meeting CY MAY, 2003 CL Kansas City, MO SP AOCS AB Conventional breeding as well as transgenic approaches constantly strives to make improvements to quality traits such as increasing the percentage of oil and/or modifying the oil composition. One of the key challenges faced by the industry is obtaining accurate, cost-effective, and rapid analysis of oilseeds/grains with enhanced quality traits such as total crude fat (oil) content or a modified oil composition. Reliable crude fat analysis is of paramount importance to oilseed businesses because monetary assessment in the trade of such seeds is based on total oil values. Although several different primary and secondary technologies are available to determine crude fat content in oilseeds, there are significant variations in the results reported by different procedures. A comparative evaluation of different grinders (Mega-grinder, Knifetec, Cyclotec, Cemotec, Mikro mill, UDY grinder, Brinkmann-Retsch grinding mill) and commonly performed crude fat extraction methodologies [accelerated solvent extractor (ASE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), Ankom batch extraction, automated Soxtec extraction and classical Butt-tube] on the determination of total crude fat content in soybean seeds is presented. The results clearly suggest a need for harmonization of official primary reference methods across different organizations (e.g., AOCS, AOAC, AACC, ISO, DGF). This is vital for the development of rugged calibrations for nondestructive, high-throughput secondary procedures involving near infrared transmittance, near infrared reflectance/imaging, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Strategies aimed at harmonization of methods will aid in the development of successful business opportunities and obtaining fair trade value for the quality-enhanced traits in the global market. Recommendations for developing secondary calibrations and performing interlaboratory studies are also presented. C1 USDA ARS, FCL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Luthria, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, FCL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 508 S 6TH ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 USA BN 1-893997-78-2 PY 2004 BP 118 EP 136 PG 19 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BAW21 UT WOS:000223875700007 ER PT S AU Lvov, DK Yamnikova, SS Fedyakina, IT Lomakina, NF Lvov, DN Synitsyn, BV Petrova, ES Gambaryan, AS Blinov, VM Suarez, DL Swayne, DE AF Lvov, DK Yamnikova, SS Fedyakina, IT Lomakina, NF Lvov, DN Synitsyn, BV Petrova, ES Gambaryan, AS Blinov, VM Suarez, DL Swayne, DE BE Kawaoka, Y TI Evolution of H4, H5 influenza a viruses in natural ecosystems in northern Eurasia (2000-2002) SO OPTIONS FOR THE CONTROL OF INFLUENZA V SE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza CY OCT 07-11, 2003 CL Okinawa, JAPAN SP Pharmaceut Manufacturers Assoc Tokyo, Pharmaceut Assoc Osaka, Wyeth Vaccine, MedImmune, Fujirebio, Nagoya City Univ, Takara Bio, Rikaken, Japan Bio Sci Lab, Japanese Soc Control Influenza, Japanese Fdn Promot Int Med Res Corp, Japanese Soc Virol, Japanese Soc Clin Virol, NPO Biomed Sci Assoc, WHO, Minist Hlth, Labor & Welfare Japan DE influenza A viruses; H5; H4; ecology; evolution ID GENES AB In 2000-2002, 53 strains of Influenza A viruses (H3N8, H4N2/6/8/9, H5N2/3, H9N2 and H13N6) were isolated from different species of birds and muskrats in natural biocenoses of Russia, The H5 strains possessed an HA cleavage site and connecting peptide (LRNVPQRETR/GL), similar to some avirulent strains, while the HA phylogenetic analysis revealed their relationship with some virulent strains circulated in anthropogenic biocenoses in Southeast Asia and Europe in 1997. These viruses could have a common precursor of the HA gene, which appeared in nature before their introduction to anthropogenic biocenoses. Phylogenetic analysis (HA, P, M, NS genes) of H4 strains showed their division into two groups of strains recently isolated in eastern and western ecosystems in Russia. These groups differed in the second position from the C-end of HA1, in which there were Pro and Set, respectively. The strains from southeastern Siberia were a separate lineage, there being no differences (less than 1%) among the strains isolated from birds and muskrats. On the contrary, two strains from the western ecosystem (A/Duck/Astrakhan/3088/02, A/Duck/Astrakhan/3091/02), isolated at the same place and time, represented different evolutionary lineages and essentially diverged at the NS gene. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 RAMS, DI Ivanovskii Virol Inst, Moscow 123098, Russia. RAMS, MP Chumakov Inst Poliomyelitis & Virus Encephalit, Moscow 123098, Russia. Sci & Biotechnol Ctr Vector, Koltsov, Novosibirsk Reg, Russia. USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30613 USA. RP Lvov, DK (reprint author), RAMS, DI Ivanovskii Virol Inst, Gamaley St 16, Moscow 123098, Russia. RI Gambaryan, Alexandra/E-2667-2014 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0531-5131 BN 0-444-51639-5 J9 INT CONGR SER PY 2004 VL 1263 BP 169 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.ics.2004.02.080 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BAU81 UT WOS:000223655000037 ER PT S AU Matsuoka, Y Subbarao, K Chen, HL Warnes, C Altholtz, M Jadhao, S Swayne, D Cox, N AF Matsuoka, Y Subbarao, K Chen, HL Warnes, C Altholtz, M Jadhao, S Swayne, D Cox, N BE Kawaoka, Y TI Development and evaluation of candidate influenza a vaccines for pandemic preparedness SO OPTIONS FOR THE CONTROL OF INFLUENZA V SE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza CY OCT 07-11, 2003 CL Okinawa, JAPAN SP Pharmaceut Manufacturers Assoc Tokyo, Pharmaceut Assoc Osaka, Wyeth Vaccine, MedImmune, Fujirebio, Nagoya City Univ, Takara Bio, Rikaken, Japan Bio Sci Lab, Japanese Soc Control Influenza, Japanese Fdn Promot Int Med Res Corp, Japanese Soc Virol, Japanese Soc Clin Virol, NPO Biomed Sci Assoc, WHO, Minist Hlth, Labor & Welfare Japan DE influenza A; pandemic vaccine; reassortment AB Pandemic vaccine seed viruses for H5N1, H5N2 and H9N2 subtypes were prepared and evaluated. Formalin-inactivated reassortant vaccines using A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (PR8) as a donor of internal genes with surface glycoprotein genes, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), of H5N2 and H9N2 subtypes, were generated by conventional reassortment. A reassortant virus for the highly pathogenic H5N1 subtype was prepared using reverse genetics with a genetically modified HA gene. All candidate vaccines were immunogenic in mice and ferrets, and mice immunized with inactivated vaccines were completely protected against challenge infection with wild-type parent viruses. All viruses were non-pathogenic for chickens in the standard USDA pathotyping test. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NIH, Lab Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD USA. Harbin Vet Res Inst, Harbin, Peoples R China. USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. RP Matsuoka, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-G16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0531-5131 BN 0-444-51639-5 J9 INT CONGR SER PY 2004 VL 1263 BP 813 EP 817 DI 10.1016/j.ics.2004.01.045 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BAU81 UT WOS:000223655000184 ER PT J AU Ralph, J Lu, FC AF Ralph, J Lu, FC TI Cryoprobe 3D NMR of acetylated ball-milled pine cell walls SO ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIGNINS AB 3D NMR of solubilized ball-milled pine cell walls reveals striking details of lignin units, right down to differentiating stereoisomers in the polymer. Such 3D spectral editing therefore overcomes the need to isolate wall components to study their structures. C1 ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forestry, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jralph@wisc.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR02301, RR08438, RR02781] NR 11 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1477-0520 EI 1477-0539 J9 ORG BIOMOL CHEM JI Org. Biomol. Chem. PY 2004 VL 2 IS 19 BP 2714 EP 2715 DI 10.1039/b412633e PG 2 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 858EU UT WOS:000224174100003 PM 15455138 ER PT J AU Lu, FC Ralph, J Morreel, K Messens, E Boerjan, W AF Lu, FC Ralph, J Morreel, K Messens, E Boerjan, W TI Preparation and relevance of a cross-coupling product between sinapyl alcohol and sinapyl p-hydroxybenzoate SO ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; UNITS; NMR AB Cross-coupling of sinapyl p-hydroxybenzoate and sinapyl alcohol produces an 8-8-cross-coupled product that is also detected in lignifying poplar tissues, implicating sinapyl p-hydroxybenzoate as a lignin precursor. C1 ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forestry, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Ghent Univ VIB, Dept Plant Syst Biol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Ralph, J (reprint author), ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jralph@wisc.edu OI Boerjan, Wout/0000-0003-1495-510X NR 17 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 16 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1477-0520 J9 ORG BIOMOL CHEM JI Org. Biomol. Chem. PY 2004 VL 2 IS 20 BP 2888 EP 2890 DI 10.1039/b411428k PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 861ML UT WOS:000224420700003 PM 15480449 ER PT J AU Arendt, WJ AF Arendt, WJ TI Open- and cavity-nesting traits merge in the evolution of an Avian supertramp, the Pearly-eyed Thrasher (Margarops fuscatus) SO ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Neotropical Ornithological Congress CY OCT 05-11, 2003 CL Puyehue, CHILE DE Cavity adopter; excavator; fledging; Pearly-ehed Thrasher; Margarops fuscatus; hole-nesting; nesting; open cup; open nesting; cavity nesting; reproduction; supertramp; trait ID CLUTCH SIZE; BODY-WEIGHT; EGG WEIGHT; BIRDS; PREDATION; INCUBATION; ISLANDS; ADAPTATION; CHICKADEES; SELECTION AB There is a dichotomy between open- and cavity-nesting species in the quantitative and temporal aspects of most reproductive parameters. For example, parameters such as 1) breeding season commencement, length, and conclusion, 2) number of clutches per season, 3) length of recrudescence periods, and 4) incubation and nestling periods, usually reflect shorter times in open nesters. However, these parameters are not always comparable among species with a proclivity for similar nest placement strategies, nor are they mutually exclusive within a given species. The Pearly-eyed Thrasher (Margarops fuscatus), an insular, secondary cavity nester, has adopted several reproductive traits typical of both open and cavity nesters along its evolutionary highway to becoming a premiere avian supertramp. It has evolved superior colonizing abilities, extended breeding seasons, multiple broods, rapid recycling within seasons, asynchronous hatching, and a highly adaptive resiliency to major habitat disturbances. Its egg size and mass tend to decrease with the laying of each consecutive egg within a clutch as it does in several cavity-nesting non-passerine species, which is just the opposite of the general trend found in many principally open-nesting passerines. Even though it is a secondary cavity nester, the Pearly-eyed Thrasher practices iteroparity and has adopted other egg-laying and incubation strategies characteristic of small, open-cup nesters to minimize the duration of the egg stage, renesting more quickly with each successive clutch. It maximizes reproductive yield, and thus increases its annual fecundity and, ultimately, lifetime reproductive success, all of which enhance its numbers and chances of continual survival in the region. C1 Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Sabana Res Stn, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. RP Arendt, WJ (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Sabana Res Stn, HC 2 Box 6205, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. EM warendt@fs.fed.us NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEOTROPICAL ORNITHOLOGICAL SOCIETY, USGS PATUXENT WILDLIFE RESEARCH CENTER PI ATHENS PA UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, WARNELL SCHOOL OF FOREST RESOURCES, ATHENS, GA USA SN 1075-4377 J9 ORNITOL NEOTROP JI ORNITOL. NEOTROP. PY 2004 VL 15 SU S BP 455 EP 465 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 942YQ UT WOS:000230319200044 ER PT J AU George, JE Pound, JM Davey, RB AF George, JE Pound, JM Davey, RB TI Chemical control of ticks on cattle and the resistance of these parasites to acaricides SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tick; cattle; disease; control; acaricide; resistance ID BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS ACARI; ANNULATUS ACARI; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; PERSISTENT EFFICACY; DOMESTIC ANIMALS; CANESTRINI ACARI; FIELD CONDITIONS; POINT MUTATION AB Toward the end of the nineteenth century a complex of problems related to ticks and tick-borne diseases of cattle created a demand for methods to control ticks and reduce losses of cattle. The discovery and use of arsenical solutions in dipping vats for treating cattle to protect them against ticks revolutionized tick and tick-borne disease control programmes. Arsenic dips for cattle were used for about 40 years before the evolution of resistance of ticks to the chemical, and the development and marketing of synthetic organic acaricides after World War II provided superior alternative products. Most of the major groups of organic pesticides are represented on the list of chemicals used to control ticks on cattle. Unfortunately, the successive evolution of resistance of ticks to acaricides in each chemical group with the concomitant reduction in the usefulness of a group of acaricides is a major reason for the diversity of acaricides. Whether a producer chooses a traditional method for treating cattle with an acaricide or uses a new method, he must recognize the benefits, limitations and potential problems with each application method and product. Simulation models and research were the basis of recommendations for tick control strategies advocating approaches that reduced reliance on acaricides. These recommendations for controlling ticks on cattle are in harmony with recommendations for reducing the rate of selection for acaricide resistance. There is a need to transfer knowledge about tick control and resistance mitigation strategies to cattle producers. C1 USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. USDA ARS, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. RP George, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM John.George@ars.usda.gov NR 97 TC 103 Z9 109 U1 3 U2 24 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0031-1820 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PY 2004 VL 129 SU S BP S353 EP S366 DI 10.1017/S0031182003004682 PG 14 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 940HP UT WOS:000230134600020 PM 15938518 ER PT J AU Bowman, SA Gortmaker, SL Ebbeling, CB Pereira, MA Ludwig, DS AF Bowman, SA Gortmaker, SL Ebbeling, CB Pereira, MA Ludwig, DS TI Effects of fast-food consumption on energy intake and diet quality among children in a national household survey SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE fast food; obesity; dietary composition; diet quality; energy intake ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; YOUNG-ADULTS; BODY-FAT; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; VEGETABLE INTAKE; GLYCEMIC INDEX; PORTION SIZE; US CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS AB Background. Fast food has become a prominent feature of the diet of children in the United States and, increasingly, throughout the world. However, few studies have examined the effects of fast-food consumption on any nutrition or health-related outcome. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that fast-food consumption adversely affects dietary factors linked to obesity risk. Methods. This study included 6212 children and adolescents 4 to 19 years old in the United States participating in the nationally representative Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals conducted from 1994 to 1996 and the Supplemental Children's Survey conducted in 1998. We examined the associations between fast-food consumption and measures of dietary quality using between-subject comparisons involving the whole cohort and within-subject comparisons involving 2080 individuals who ate fast food on one but not both survey days. Results. On a typical day, 30.3% of the total sample reported consuming fast food. Fast-food consumption was highly prevalent in both genders, all racial/ethnic groups, and all regions of the country. Controlling for socioeconomic and demographic variables, increased fast-food consumption was independently associated with male gender, older age, higher household incomes, non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity, and residing in the South. Children who ate fast food, compared with those who did not, consumed more total energy (187 kcal; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 109-265), more energy per gram of food (0.29 kcal/g; 95% CI: 0.25-0.33), more total fat (9 g; 95% CI: 5.0-13.0), more total carbohydrate (24 g; 95% CI: 12.6-35.4), more added sugars (26 g; 95% CI: 18.2-34.6), more sugar-sweetened beverages (228 g; 95% CI: 184 272), less fiber (-1.1 g; 95% CI: -1.8 to -0.4), less milk (-65 g; 95% CI: -95 to -30), and fewer fruits and non-starchy vegetables (-45 g; 95% CI: -58.6 to -31.4). Very similar results were observed by using within-subject analyses in which subjects served as their own controls: that is, children ate more total energy and had poorer diet quality on days with, compared with without, fast food. Conclusion. Consumption of fast food among children in the United States seems to have an adverse effect on dietary quality in ways that plausibly could increase risk for obesity. C1 Childrens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev & Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Ludwig, DS (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Dept Med, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM david.ludwig@childrens.harvard.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1R01DK59240]; ODCDC CDC HHS [U48/CCU115807] NR 45 TC 463 Z9 478 U1 11 U2 121 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2004 VL 113 IS 1 BP 112 EP 118 DI 10.1542/peds.113.1.112 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 762XX UT WOS:000188010600033 PM 14702458 ER PT J AU Eaton, RJ Barbercheck, M Buford, M Smith, W AF Eaton, RJ Barbercheck, M Buford, M Smith, W TI Effects of organic matter removal, soil compaction, and vegetation control on Collembolan populations SO PEDOBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE cottembota; forest soil environment; organic matter removal; population dynamics; site productivity ID LITTER DECOMPOSITION; MICROARTHROPODS; DYNAMICS; TREE AB Collembola can be among the most numerous meso-invertebrates in the forest floor and, through their interaction with primary decomposers in the decomposition food web, may affect titter decomposition and consequently site productivity. This study was conducted to determine whether Collembolan abundance could be impacted by organic matter removal, compaction, and vegetation control on a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation. Monthly soil and titter samples were taken over 2 years and the fauna extracted from them using modified Tulgren funnels. Organic matter removal and vegetation control generally caused a significant decrease in Collembolan populations, while compaction did not significantly affect Collembolan populations. These results indicate that habitat was the primary influence on population abundance in this experiment, possibly via its influence on desiccation. Sensitivity of collembolan populations to habitat changes caused by organic matter removal indicates a potential effect on tong-term site productivity. (C) 2004 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Eaton, RJ (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, POB 12254, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM beaton@fs.fed.us NR 22 TC 20 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 19 PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0031-4056 J9 PEDOBIOLOGIA JI Pedobiologia PY 2004 VL 48 IS 2 BP 121 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.pedrobi.2003.10.001 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA 816AM UT WOS:000221082800003 ER PT J AU Shaner, DL AF Shaner, DL TI Herbicide safety relative to common targets in plants and mammals SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th IUPAC International Congress on the Chemistry of Crop Protection CY AUG 04-09, 2002 CL BASEL, SWITZERLAND SP Int Union Pure & Appl Chem DE toxicology; mechanism of action; site of action; disease; tyrosinemia; porphyria ID FATTY-ACID SYNTHESIS; ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE; HEPATIC-ENCEPHALOPATHY; GLUTAMINE-SYNTHETASE; GLUFOSINATE-AMMONIUM; INHIBITION; CHLOROACETAMIDE; TOXICITY; MODE; RAT AB Most modern herbicides have low mammalian toxicity. One of the reasons for this safety is that the target site for the herbicides is not often present in mammals. There are approximately 20 mechanisms of action that have been elucidated for herbicides. Of these, some do share common target sites with mammals. The mechanisms include formation of free radicals, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PROTOX), glutamine synthetase (GS) and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). PROTOX, HPPD and GS inhibitors have been shown to inhibit these enzymes in both plants and mammals and there are measurable effects in mammalian systems. However, the consequences of inhibiting a common target site in plants can be quite different than in animals. What may be a lethal event in plants, eg inhibition of HPPD, can have a beneficial effect in mammals, eg treatment for tyrosinemia type 1. These chemicals also have low mammalian toxicity due to rapid metabolism and/or excretion of the herbicide from mammalian systems. C1 Colorado State Univ, USDA ARS, AERC, Water Management Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Shaner, DL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, USDA ARS, AERC, Water Management Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. OI Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133 NR 60 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 4 U2 24 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 60 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1002/ps.782 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 759HE UT WOS:000187731600003 PM 14727737 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, PK Halder, M Choudhury, PK Kraus, GA Desai, MJ Armstrong, DW Casey, TA Rasmussen, MA Petrich, JW AF Chowdhury, PK Halder, M Choudhury, PK Kraus, GA Desai, MJ Armstrong, DW Casey, TA Rasmussen, MA Petrich, JW TI Generation of fluorescent adducts of malondialdehyde and amino acids: Toward an understanding of lipofuscin SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; RETINAL-PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; AGE PIGMENT; IMMUNOCHEMICAL DETECTION; FLUOROPHORE; LYSINE; PROTEIN; MALONALDEHYDE; GRANULES; DISEASE AB Lipofuscin is a yellow-brown, highly fluorescent pigment that undergoes an age-related progressive accumulation in animal cells, mainly in postmitotic cells. It is a heterogeneous, high-molecular weight material associated with proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Lipofuscin is implicated in many aspects of human health, including aging, oxidative stress, macular degeneration, lipid peroxidation, atherosclerosis, dementia (Alzheimer's Disease) and diseases associated with prions. Although the fluorescent properties of lipofuscin have long been recognized, neither histologists nor chemists have yet isolated the pigments themselves or characterized their optical properties. We have prepared lipofuscinlike species by reacting malondialdehyde (MDA) with cysteine (Cys). MDA: Cys adducts 3:2 and 2:2 are two of those that have been identified among the many that were present in the reaction. Whereas previous attempts to synthesize lipofuscinlike species resulted in compounds that were either nonfluorescent or emitted principally in the blue, the MDA:Cys adducts reported in this study are not only fluorescent but also emit over a broader range. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. USDA, ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Petrich, JW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jwp@iastate.edu RI Petrich, Jacob/L-1005-2015; OI Chowdhury, Pramit/0000-0002-9593-2577 NR 34 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 USA SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 79 IS 1 BP 21 EP 25 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 765GZ UT WOS:000188259900003 PM 14974711 ER PT J AU Pettigrew, WT AF Pettigrew, WT TI Cotton genotypic variation in the photosynthetic response to irradiance SO PHOTOSYNTHETICA LA English DT Article DE area leaf mass; chlorophyll; dark respiration rate; Gossypium; leaf area; protein ID GAS-EXCHANGE; LINT YIELD; COMPONENTS; LEAVES AB The photosynthetic response of 8 cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes to changing irradiance was investigated under field conditions during the 1998 through 2000 growing seasons. Equations developed to describe the response of net photosynthetic rate (P-N) to photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) demonstrated that, across all irradiances, the two okra leaf-type genotypes photosynthesized at a greater rate per unit leaf area than all of the six normal leaf-type genotypes. This superior photosynthetic performance of the okra leaf-type genotypes can be partially explained by their 13% greater leaf chlorophyll content relative to that of the normal leaf-type genotypes. The 37% reduction in leaf size brought upon by the okra leaf trait may have concentrated the amount of photosynthetic machinery per unit leaf area. Nevertheless, the lack of sufficient canopy leaf surface area suppressed the potential yield development that could accompany the higher PN per unit leaf area. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Pettigrew, WT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod, POB 345, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM pettigrew@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBLIC, INST EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY PI PRAGUE 6 PA NA KARLOVCE 1A, PRAGUE 6 CZ-160 00, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 0300-3604 J9 PHOTOSYNTHETICA JI Photosynthetica PY 2004 VL 42 IS 4 BP 567 EP 571 DI 10.1007/S11099-005-0014-1 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 898WR UT WOS:000227107400012 ER PT J AU Li, S Pezeshki, SR Goodwin, S Shields, FD AF Li, S Pezeshki, SR Goodwin, S Shields, FD TI Physiological responses of black willow (Salix nigra) cuttings to a range of soil moisture regimes SO PHOTOSYNTHETICA LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll alpha fluorescence; drought; flooding; growth; photosynthesis; stomatal conductance ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC GAS-EXCHANGE; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; CARBON ASSIMILATION; SEEDLINGS; DROUGHT; GROWTH; PATTERNS; SURVIVAL; STRESS; TOOL AB We quantified the physiological responses of black willow to four soil moisture regimes: no flooding (control, C), continuous flooding (CF), periodic flooding (PF), and periodic drought (PD). Stomatal limitation was one of the factors that led to the reduced photosynthetic capacity in CF cuttings. Under PD, stomatal closure, decreased leaf chlorophyll content, and increased dark fluorescence yield contributed to photosynthetic decline. CF cuttings accumulated the lowest shoot biomass while the final height and root growth were most adversely affected by PD. PF cuttings tended to allocate more photoassimilates to root growth than to shoots. C1 Univ Memphis, Dept Biol, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. Univ Memphis, W Harry Feinstone Ctr Genom Res, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Li, S (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Dept Biol, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. EM shuwenli@meinphis.edu RI Goodwin, Shirlean/B-3696-2009 NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBLIC, INST EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY PI PRAGUE 6 PA NA KARLOVCE 1A, PRAGUE 6 CZ-160 00, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 0300-3604 J9 PHOTOSYNTHETICA JI Photosynthetica PY 2004 VL 42 IS 4 BP 585 EP 590 DI 10.1007/S11099-005-0017-y PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 898WR UT WOS:000227107400015 ER PT J AU Skadsen, RW Hohn, TA AF Skadsen, RW Hohn, TA TI Use of Fusarium graminearum transformed with gfp to follow infection patterns in barley and Arabidopsis SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis thaliana; cereal quality; Fusarium graminearum; Fusarium head blight; Gibberella zeae; Hordeum vulgare L; scab ID GREEN-FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; COCHLIOBOLUS-HETEROSTROPHUS; VITAL MARKER; EXPRESSION; WHEAT; MUTANTS; GENE; RESISTANCE; FUNGUS; CELLS AB The fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum attacks the seed spikes of barley and wheat, causing sterility, reduced seed weight and accumulation of mycotoxins. To explore infection patterns in barley and in the Arabidopsis model system, the green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) was used to transform F. graminearum. Inoculation of intact barley spikes resulted in rapid colonization of the brush hairs (ovary epithelial hairs) at the extruded seed tip within 7 It. Colonization followed a pattern of rapid basipetal growth along the pericarp epithelium (interior to the lemma and palea), accompanied by slower growth inward through the pericarp and testa. However, at 16 days after infection the aleurone and starchy endosperm remained uninfected, despite heavy colonization of the pericarp. Colonization of the outer lemma also occurred but was much slower. No increase in amylase enzyme activities was found, discounting the possibility that F. graminearum utilizes gibberellin-induced host enzymes to tap the endosperm for nutrients. The transformed Fusarium strain readily infected Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and produced copious spores within distant leaves. Results show the utility of gfp in tracing the growth of this pathogen, without misinterpretation due to contaminating fungi, and for resistance studies utilizing the Arabidopsis model system. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. Syngenta Biotechnol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Skadsen, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, 501 Walnut St, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM rskadsen@wisc.edu NR 34 TC 45 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 64 IS 1 BP 45 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2004.04.003 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 854PK UT WOS:000223915600006 ER PT J AU Marchant-Forde, RM Marlin, DJ Marchant-Forde, JN AF Marchant-Forde, RM Marlin, DJ Marchant-Forde, JN TI Validation of a cardiac monitor for measuring heart rate variability in adult female pigs: accuracy, artefacts and editing SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE heart rate; heart rate variability; pigs; artefacts ID COMPUTERIZED ANALYSIS; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; AUTONOMIC CONTROL; ECTOPIC BEATS; STRESS; SYSTEM; ERRORS; TIME AB Autonomic regulation of cardiac activity during stress has not been clearly defined in farm animals. in part, this is due to the limited availability of affordable ambulatory cardiac monitors capable of accurately monitoring and storing large amounts of data that meet the criteria necessary for heart rate variability analysis. Our objectives were to measure the accuracy of a 24-h Polar RR monitor using gold standard ECG, to examine and categorise any occurring anomalies and to ascertain their impact on the outcome of heart rate variability analysis. Five I-year-old female pigs (gilts) were socially isolated from their pen mates and cardiac activity was simultaneously measured using two systems, a 24-h Polar RR Recorder and a Telemetric ECG system. The Polar data were manually assessed both against and in isolation of the ECG data to identify anomalous beats, which were then assigned to one of five identified error categories. The anomalies in the Polar data were corrected and statistical comparisons were performed among the three data sets to evaluate the effects of anomalies on heart rate variability analysis. Bland-Altman analysis was used to measure the level of agreement among the ECG, Uncorrected Polar and Corrected Polar data. No anomalies or ectopies were found in the ECG data but 46 anomalies (0.81% of total interbeat intervals [IBI]) were found in the Polar Uncorrected data. Manual identification and editing procedures reduced this error to 0.018%. Most mean heart rate and IBI parameters were unaffected by error (P>.05). Standard deviation (S.D.) and root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) were 45% and 50% higher when anomalies were present in the data. Artefacts affected the magnitude of the frequency domain indices and overestimated total and parasympathetic activity and underestimated sympathetic activity. The mean difference between ECG and Uncorrected Polar data was 1.36 ms (limits of agreement - 69.03 to 71.74 ms). This was greatly improved to 0.36 ms (limits of agreement - 5.37 to 6.10 ms) after editing. Overall, even a small proportion of error biased the outcome of heart rate variability analysis. This bias was greatly reduced by correcting the anomalous beats. Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated that when there was error present in the Polar data, it could not be used interchangeably with the ECG data. However, if there were no anomalies present in the data or if they were classified and corrected using the approach in this study, then the two systems could be used interchangeably. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. De Montfort Univ, Fac Sci Appl, Leicester LE1 9BH, Leics, England. Anim Hlth Trust, Ctr Equine Studies, Newmarket CB8 7UU, Suffolk, England. RP Marchant-Forde, RM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, 125 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. EM rforde@dmu.ac.uk RI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/A-7616-2009 OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914 NR 20 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 80 IS 4 BP 449 EP 458 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2003.09.007 PG 10 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 768QW UT WOS:000188587400005 PM 14741229 ER PT J AU Schaneberg, BT Molyneux, RJ Khan, IA AF Schaneberg, BT Molyneux, RJ Khan, IA TI Evaporative light scattering detection of pyrrolizidine alkaloids SO PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE HPLC; evaporative light scattering detector; pyrrolizidine alkaloids; Senecio; Symphytum ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; N-OXIDES; SENECIO-RIDDELLII; TOXICITY; PLANTS AB A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method utilizing evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) has been developed for the simultaneous detection of hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids with and without chromophores, namely, riddelliine, riddelliine N-oxide, senecionine, senecionine N-oxide, seneciphylline, retrorsine, integerrimine, lasiocarpine and heliotrine. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids were detected in five plant extracts (Senecio spartioides, S. douglasii var. longilobus, S. jacobaea, S. intergerrimus var. exaltatus and Symphytum officinale). The detection of heliotrine (which does not contain a chromophore) was much improved by ELSD compared with photodiode array detection. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Khan, IA (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. EM ikhan@olemiss.edu FU FDA HHS [FD-U-002071-01] NR 11 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0958-0344 J9 PHYTOCHEM ANALYSIS JI Phytochem. Anal. PD JAN-FEB PY 2004 VL 15 IS 1 BP 36 EP 39 DI 10.1002/pca.715 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 771AC UT WOS:000188762700007 PM 14979525 ER PT B AU Prior, RL AF Prior, RL BE Meskin, MS Bidlack, WR Davies, AJ Lewis, DS Randolph, RK TI Absorption and metabolism of anthocyanins: Potential health effects SO PHYTOCHEMICALS: MECHANISMS OF ACTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Phytochemical Conference CY OCT 21-22, 2002 CL Calif State Polytechn Univ, Pomona, CA HO Calif State Polytechn Univ ID DIETARY CYANIDIN 3-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE; VACCINIUM MYRTILLUS ANTHOCYANOSIDES; NATURAL ACYLATED ANTHOCYANINS; GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY-ACTION; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ELDERLY WOMEN; HUMAN PLASMA; DNA-DAMAGE; RATS AB This manuscript reviews literature on anthocyanins in foods and their metabolism and absorption and possible relationships to human health. Of the various classes of flavonoids, the potential dietary intake of anthocyanins is perhaps the greatest (100+ mg/day). The content in fruits varies considerably between 0.25 to 700 mg/100 g fresh weight. Not only does the concentration vary, the individual specific anthocyanins present also are quite different in various fruits. Anthocyanins are absorbed intact without cleavage of the sugar to form the aglycone. The proportion of the dose that appears in the urine is quite small (<0.1%). Plasma levels of anthocyanins are in the range of 1-120 nM following a meal high in anthocyanins, but fasting plasma levels are generally nondetectable. Information is limited as to possible metabolites of anthocyanins in the human. A number of antioxidant-related responses are reviewed in animal models as well as in the human. Anthocyanins can provide protection against various forms of oxidative stress in animal models, however, most of the health-related responses have been observed at relatively high intakes of anthocyanins (2-400 mg/kg BW). C1 USDA ARS, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. RP Prior, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. NR 58 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 10 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 0-8493-1672-3 PY 2004 BP 1 EP 19 PG 19 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BY52J UT WOS:000189399600001 ER PT J AU Bao, J Fravel, D Lazarovits, G Chellemi, D van Berkum, P O'Neill, N AF Bao, J Fravel, D Lazarovits, G Chellemi, D van Berkum, P O'Neill, N TI Biocontrol genotypes of Fusarium oxysporum from tomato fields in Florida SO PHYTOPARASITICA LA English DT Article DE Fusarium oxysporum; biocontrol ID F-SP-LYCOPERSICI; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NONPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; WILT; COLONIZATION; DNA; DIFFERENTIATION; GENEALOGIES AB The diversity of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from two Florida (USA) tomato fields (organic and conventional farms) was studied to explore the relationships among pathogenic, saprophytic and biocontrol Fusarium spp. More than 63,000 fungal colonies were recovered, including 21,826 Fusarium spp., with 3110 of these tentatively identified as F oxysporum. Of the Fusarium recovered from samples, in the organic farm 5.3-13.5% and in the conventional farm 36.4-49.8% were E oxysporum. Eleven different species of Fusarium were recovered from the organic farm and eight from the conventional farm. Sixty-six (21.9%) of 302 E oxysporum isolates were pathogenic to tomato, including 31 and 35 isolates identified as F.o. lycopersici with three races, and F.o. radicis-lycopersici, respectively. In greenhouse bioassays that included the known biocontrol agents F oxysporum strains CS-20 and Fo47, nonpathogenic strains (305, 81 and 16 isolates of F oxysporum, F proliferatum, and Fusarium sp., respectively) revealed a range of biocontrol ability in a normal distribution. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis indicated that 15 out of 20 high biocontrol ability E oxysporum isolates were clustered closely, but they did not have a unique RAPD pattern to differentiate them from saprophytic or pathogenic isolates. C1 USDA ARS, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Agr & Agri Food Canada, SCPFRC, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada. USDA ARS, Subtrop Plant Pathol Res, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fravel, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM fraveld@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0334-2123 EI 1876-7184 J9 PHYTOPARASITICA JI Phytoparasitica PD JAN PY 2004 VL 32 IS 1 BP 9 EP 20 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 763KU UT WOS:000188085200003 ER PT J AU Prusky, D McEvoy, JL Saftner, R Conway, WS Jones, R AF Prusky, D McEvoy, JL Saftner, R Conway, WS Jones, R TI Relationship between host acidification and virulence of Penicillium spp. on apple and citrus fruit SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYSACCHARIDE-DEGRADING ENZYMES; OXALIC-ACID PRODUCTION; SCLEROTINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; COLLETOTRICHUM-GLOEOSPORIOIDES; AMBIENT PH; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Penicillium expansum. P. digitatum, and P italicum acidify the ambient environments of apple and citrus fruit during decay development. They use two mechanisms for this: the production of organic acids. mainly citric and gluconic, and NH4+ utilization associated with H, efflux. Exposure of P. expansum and P. digitalum hyphae to pH 5.0 increased their citric acid production, compared with the production of organic acids at acidic ambient pH. In decayed fruit. both pathogens produced significant amounts of citric and gluconic acids in the decayed tissue and reduced the host pH by 0.5 to 1.0 units. Ammonium depletion from the growth medium or from the fruit tissue was directly related to ambient pH reduction. Analysis of transcripts encoding the endopoly-galacturonase gene, pepg1, front P. expansum accumulated under acidic culture conditions from pH 3.5 to 5.0. suggesting that the acidification process is a pathogenicity enhancing factor of Penicillium spp. This hypothesis was Supported by the finding that cultivars with lower pH and citric acid treatments to reduce tissue pH increased P. expansum development, presumably by increasing local pH. However, organic acid treatment could not enhance decay development in naturally acidic apples. Conversely, local alkalinization with NaHCO3 reduced decay development. The present results further suggest that ambient pH is a regulatory cue for processes linked to pathogenicity of postharvest pathogens. and that specific genes are expressed as a result of the modified host pH created by the pathogens. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Technol & Storage Agr Prod, Dept Postharvest Sci Fresh Produce, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Prusky, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dovprusk@agri.gov.il NR 44 TC 76 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 1 BP 44 EP 51 DI 10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.1.44 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 807WR UT WOS:000220532100003 PM 18943818 ER PT J AU Mavrodieva, V Levy, L Gabriel, DW AF Mavrodieva, V Levy, L Gabriel, DW TI Improved sampling methods for real-time polymerase chain reaction diagnosis of citrus canker from field samples SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CAMPESTRIS PV CITRI; XANTHOMONAS-CITRI; REACTION ASSAY; PATHOGENICITY GENE; BACTERIAL CANKER; PCR; STRAINS; FLORIDA; QUANTIFICATION; AVIRULENCE AB Citrus bacterial canker disease has been introduced at least three times into Florida in the last 15 years and, despite federal and state quarantine and eradication efforts, continues to spread in Florida. Accurate, fast, and reliable detection of the causal agent is of,real importance. However, citrus bacterial canker is caused by at least two groups of phylogenetically distinct Xanthomonas citri strains, and there is host range variation within both groups. We developed a last, sensitive and reliable real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using a portable, field-hardened RAPID machine and primers designed to detect all canker-causing strains. Single-lesion sampling methods were developed that required minimal handling and allowed complete real-time PCR diagnosis in a total time of 4 It and with an apparent sensitivity of less than 10 CFU of target cells from diseased lesions. This sensitivity allowed molecular detection for the first time of X. citri in a herbarium sample front a 1912 canker outbreak. Sensitivity was improved significantly by the use of CaCO3 and Silwet L-77, and by either minimizing the amount of citrus lesion tissue sampled or by soaking or swiping but not grinding the lesions. Primer design also was of significant importance in both specificity and sensitivity. C1 Univ Florida, Plant Pathol Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST NPGQC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gabriel, DW (reprint author), Univ Florida, Plant Pathol Dept, 1453 Fifield Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM gabriel@biotech.ufl.edu NR 40 TC 40 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 1 BP 61 EP 68 DI 10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.1.61 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 807WR UT WOS:000220532100005 PM 18943820 ER PT J AU Liao, CH Shollenberger, LM AF Liao, CH Shollenberger, LM TI Enumeration, resuscitation, and infectivity of the sublethally injured Erwinia cells induced by mild acid treatment SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacterial injury ID SOFT-ROT ERWINIA; ACETIC-ACID; SALMONELLA CHESTER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SELECTIVE MEDIA; BACTERIA; SOIL; MICROORGANISMS; DISINFECTION; CAROTOVORA AB Current knowledge about microbial injury was derived mostly from studies with bacteria associated with processed foods. Demonstration of injury and repair in phytopathogenic bacteria and its implication on pathogen detection and disease ecology have not been reported. The objective of this study was to investigate the lethal and sublethal effects of acetic acid (AA) on soft-rot Erwinia spp. and the limitation of using selective media for isolation of injured cells. Following exposure to 0.3% AA for 6 min, 90 to 99% of E. carotovora subsp. carotovora. E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica, and E. chrysanthemi cells were killed. When AA-treated samples were plated on agar media, the number of bacteria recovered on nonselective media such as brain heart infusion agar was 3 log units higher than that recovered on selective media such as crystal violet pectate (CVP). Lethal and sublethal actions of AA on Erwinia spp. were affected,,really by acid concentration. exposure time, and bacterial strains tested. Injured Erwinia cells were able to repair and regain the ability to grow on CVP when placed in nutrient broth but not in selective broth containing crystal violet and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Injured cells also were able to resuscitate on cut surfaces of cucumber fruit and to induce soft rot on green bell pepper. Together, these results suggest that direct use of selective media for isolation of Erwinia spp. Could limit the recovery of injured cells in samples that have been exposed to chemical or physical stresses. Enrichment of these samples in nutrient broth before plating on CVP is expected to improve the detection of injured Erwinia spp. C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Liao, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM cliao@errc.ars.usda.gov RI Shollenberger, Lisa/A-1826-2009 OI Shollenberger, Lisa/0000-0002-0943-0838 NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 1 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.1.76 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 807WR UT WOS:000220532100007 PM 18943822 ER PT J AU Bush, BJ Carson, ML Cubeta, MA Hagler, WM Payne, GA AF Bush, BJ Carson, ML Cubeta, MA Hagler, WM Payne, GA TI Infection and fumonisin production by Fusarium verticillioides in developing maize kernels SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONILIFORME; CORN; EARS; B-1; CONTAMINATION; MYCOTOXINS; CANCER AB Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination are serious problems for maize growers, particularly in the southeastern United States. The lack of maize genotypes highly resistant to infection by Fusarium verticillioides or to fumonisin contamination emphasizes the need for management strategies to prevent contamination by this mycotoxin. Information on the initial appearance of infection and fumonisin contamination of kernels and their increase over time is needed to determine if early harvest may be an appropriate control strategy. Maize ears from replicated studies at two locations in eastern North Carolina were harvested weekly, starting 2 weeks after pollination and continuing for 14 weeks. The percentage of kernels infected with E verticillioides and the fumonisin contamination in the harvested samples were determined. Kernel infection by F. verticillioides and fumonisin contamination appeared as kernels neared physiological maturity and increased up to the average harvest date for maize in North Carolina. Beyond this date, the concentrations of fumonisin fluctuated. Under years conducive for fumonisin contamination. early harvest (greater than 25% grain moisture) may help reduce the level of contamination. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, New Holland, PA 17557 USA. USDA ARS, Cereals Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Payne, GA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM gary_payne@ncsu.edu NR 25 TC 52 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 1 BP 88 EP 93 DI 10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.1.88 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 807WR UT WOS:000220532100009 PM 18943824 ER PT J AU Wong, JH Cai, N Tanaka, CK Vensel, WH Hurkman, WJ Buchanan, BB AF Wong, JH Cai, N Tanaka, CK Vensel, WH Hurkman, WJ Buchanan, BB TI Thioredoxin reduction alters the solubility of proteins of wheat starchy endosperm: An early event in cereal germination SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE germination; protein solubility; redox regulation; thioredoxin ID TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR PROTEINS; SEEDLING DEVELOPMENT; STORAGE PROTEINS; ALPHA-AMYLASE; BARLEY-GRAIN; H-ISOFORMS; IDENTIFICATION; SEEDS; PULLULANASE; PUROTHIONIN AB A KCI-soluble, albumin/globulin fraction of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) starchy endosperm was further separated into a methanol-insoluble fraction that contained metabolic proteins and a methanol-soluble fraction that contained "chloroform-methanol" or CM-like proteins. Reduction of the disulfide bonds of the CM proteins with thioredoxin or dithiothreitol altered their properties so that, like the metabolic proteins, they were insoluble in methanol. Glutathione had little effect, indicating dithiol specificity. Proteomic analysis of the CM protein fraction revealed the presence of isoforms of low molecular weight disulfide proteins (a-amylase, alpha-amylase/trypsin and WCI proteinase inhibitors, lipid transfer proteins, gamma-thionins), stress enzymes (Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase and peroxidase), storage proteins (alpha-, gamma- and omega-gliadins, low molecular weight glutenin subunits and globulins of the avenin N9 type), and a component of protein degradation (polyubiquitin). These findings support the view that, in addition to modifying activity and increasing protease sensitivity, reduction by thioredoxin alters protein solubility, thereby promoting processes of the grain starchy endosperm, notably the mobilization of reserves during germination and seedling development. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Buchanan, BB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM view@nature.berkeley.edu OI Vensel, William/0000-0001-9454-2705 NR 35 TC 47 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-0781 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PY 2004 VL 45 IS 4 BP 407 EP 415 DI 10.1093/pcp/pch044 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 815IY UT WOS:000221037200006 PM 15111715 ER PT J AU Cohen, M Yamasaki, H AF Cohen, M Yamasaki, H TI Nitric oxide synthase activity of a plant-colonizing bacterium SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Japanese-Society-for-Plant-Physiologists CY MAR 27-29, 2004 CL Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Hachioji, JAPAN SP Japanese Soc Plant Physiol HO Tokyo Metropolitan Univ C1 Univ Ryukyus, Ctr Mol Biosci, Nishihara, Okinawa 90301, Japan. USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RI Yamasaki, Hideo/F-1465-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-0781 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PY 2004 VL 45 SU S BP S125 EP S125 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 808TZ UT WOS:000220592700493 ER PT J AU Officer, SJ Kravchenko, A Bollero, GA Sudduth, KA Kitchen, NR Wiebold, WJ Palm, HL Bullock, DG AF Officer, SJ Kravchenko, A Bollero, GA Sudduth, KA Kitchen, NR Wiebold, WJ Palm, HL Bullock, DG TI Relationships between soil bulk electrical conductivity and the principal component analysis of topography and soil fertility values SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE principal components; site specific management; soil electrical conductivity ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; CORN AB Measures of soil electrical conductivity (EC) and elevation are relatively inexpensive to collect and result in dense data sets which allow for mapping with limited interpolation. Conversely, soil fertility information is expensive to collect so that relatively few samples are taken and mapping requires extensive interpolation with large estimation errors, resulting in limited usefulness for site-specific applications in precision agriculture. Principal component (PC) analysis and cokriging can be applied to create meaningful field scale summaries of groups of attributes and to decrease the estimation error of maps of the summarized attributes. Deep ( 0 - 90 cm) and shallow ( 0 - 30 cm) EC, elevation, and soil fertility attributes were measured in fields under corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean ( Glycine max L.) rotations, at two sites in Illinois (IL) and two sites in Missouri ( MO). Soil fertility and topography attributes were summarized by PC analysis. The first topography PC (TopoPC1) contrasted flow accumulation against elevation and curvature, to describe the main topographic pattern of the fields. The first soil fertility PC (SoilPC1) consistently grouped together cation exchange capacity (CEC), Ca, Mg, and organic matter ( OM). SoilPC1 was well correlated to soil EC for all sites and cokriging with EC had higher r(2) in the crossvariogram models compared to ordinary kriging. The second and third soil fertility PCs (SoilPC2 and SoilPC3) were concerned with soil pH and P, and reflected historic land use patterns. Maps of SoilPC2 and SoilPC3 had little relationship to soil EC or topography and so could not be improved by cokriging. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Bollero, GA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM gbollero@uiuc.edu NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 13 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JAN PY 2004 VL 258 IS 1-2 BP 269 EP 280 DI 10.1023/B:PLSO.0000016557.94937.ed PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 774XT UT WOS:000189012200025 ER PT J AU Kuhl, JC Cheung, F Yuan, QP Martin, W Zewdie, Y McCallum, J Catanach, A Rutherford, P Sink, KC Jenderek, M Prince, JP Town, CD Havey, MJ AF Kuhl, JC Cheung, F Yuan, QP Martin, W Zewdie, Y McCallum, J Catanach, A Rutherford, P Sink, KC Jenderek, M Prince, JP Town, CD Havey, MJ TI A unique set of 11,008 onion expressed sequence tags reveals expressed sequence and genomic differences between the monocot orders Asparagales and Poales SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; HOMOLOGOUS CODING SEQUENCES; NUCLEAR-DNA VARIATION; ALLIUM-CEPA; BULB ONION; BASE COMPOSITION; GENETIC-MAP; ISOCHORE ORGANIZATION; TANDEM DUPLICATION; EST DATABASES AB Enormous genomic resources have been developed for plants in the monocot order Poales; however, it is not clear how representative the Poales are for the monocots as a whole. The Asparagales are a monophyletic order sister to the lineage carrying the Poales and possess economically important plants such as asparagus, garlic, and onion. To assess the genomic differences between the Asparagales and Poales, we generated 11,008 unique ESTs from a normalized cDNA library of onion. Sequence analyses of these ESTs revealed microsatellite markers, single nucleotide polymorphisms, and homologs of transposable elements. Mean nucleotide similarity between rice and the Asparagales was 78% across coding regions. Expressed sequence and genomic comparisons revealed strong differences between the Asparagales and Poales for codon usage and mean GC content, GC distribution, and relative GC content at each codon position, indicating that genomic characteristics are not uniform across the monocots. The Asparagales were more similar to eudicots than to the Poales for these genomic characteristics. C1 Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Veg Crops Unit,Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Geonom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Biol, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Crop & Food Res, Christchurch, New Zealand. Lincoln Univ, Appl Management & Comp Div, Lincoln, New Zealand. USDA, ARS, Natl Arid Land Plant Genet Resources Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Veg Crops Unit,Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mjhavey@wisc.edu NR 92 TC 110 Z9 118 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD JAN PY 2004 VL 16 IS 1 BP 114 EP 125 DI 10.1105/tpc.017202 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 764WM UT WOS:000188229000010 PM 14671025 ER PT J AU Giovannoni, JJ AF Giovannoni, JJ TI Genetic regulation of fruit development and ripening SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID MADS-BOX GENE; TOMATO LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; SCALE STATISTICAL-ANALYSES; MAP-BASED CLONING; RAF-LIKE KINASE; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; ETHYLENE RESPONSE; DOWN-REGULATION; ANTISENSE GENE; NEVER-RIPE C1 USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Cornell Univ, Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Giovannoni, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jjg33@cornell.edu RI Barickman, Thomas/I-6993-2012 NR 90 TC 447 Z9 468 U1 12 U2 109 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PY 2004 VL 16 SU S BP S170 EP S180 DI 10.1105/tpc.019158 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 831QR UT WOS:000222210600015 PM 15010516 ER PT J AU McCormick, S AF McCormick, S TI Control of male gametophyte development SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE; POLLEN-SPECIFIC TRANSCRIPTION; GERM-LINE TRANSFORMATION; MALE MEIOTIC CYTOKINESIS; PATERNAL GENE ACTIVITY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SEGREGATION DISTORTION; SEED DEVELOPMENT; TUBE GROWTH; REGULATORY ELEMENTS C1 USDA, ARS, Plant Gene Express Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP McCormick, S (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Plant Gene Express Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM sheilamc@nature.berkeley.edu NR 99 TC 264 Z9 285 U1 8 U2 39 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PY 2004 VL 16 SU S BP S142 EP S153 DI 10.1105/tpc.016659 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 831QR UT WOS:000222210600013 PM 15037731 ER PT J AU Singsaas, EL Ort, DR Delucia, EH AF Singsaas, EL Ort, DR Delucia, EH TI Elevated CO2 effects on mesophyll conductance and its consequences for interpreting photosynthetic physiology SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE acclimation; diffusion; climate change; Rubisco; J(max); V-c (max) ID SCALING CARBON-DIOXIDE; WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE; GAS-EXCHANGE; LEAF ANATOMY; TEMPERATURE RESPONSE; DECIDUOUS FOREST; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; LEAVES; RUBISCO; RESPIRATION AB Mesophyll conductance (g(m)) generally correlates with photosynthetic capacity, although the causal relationship between the two is unclear. The response of g(m) to various CO2 regimes was measured to determine its relationship to environmental changes that affect photosynthesis. The overall effect of CO2 growth environment on g(m) was species and experiment dependent. The data did not statistically differ from the previously shown A-g(m) relationship and was unaffected by CO2 treatment. The consequences of the CO2 effect on g(m) for interpreting photosynthesis in individual cases were investigated. Substantial effects of assumed versus calculated g(m) on leaf properties estimated from gas-exchange measurements were found. This differential error resulted in an underestimation in ratio of maximum carboxylation to electron transport, especially in plants with high photosynthetic capacity. Including g(m) in the calculations also improved the agreement between maximum carboxylation rates and in vitro Rubisco measurements. It is concluded that g(m) is finite and varies with photosynthetic capacity. Including g(m) when calculating photosynthesis parameters from gas-exchange data will avoid systematic errors. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. ARS, USDA, Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Singsaas, EL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol, Room 167,CNR Bldg, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. EM Eric.Singsaas@uwsp.edu NR 45 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 27 IS 1 BP 41 EP 50 DI 10.1046/j.0016-8025.2003.01123.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 767PL UT WOS:000188459600004 ER PT J AU Bowers, JH Locke, JC AF Bowers, JH Locke, JC TI Effect of formulated plant extracts and oils on population density of Phytophthora nicotianae in soil and control of Phytophthora blight in the greenhouse SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE essential oil of mustard ID FUSARIUM-WILT; PARASITICA; MORTALITY; EFFICACY; TOMATO AB Formulated plant extracts and oils were investigated for control of diseases caused by Phytophthora spp. Soil infested with chlamydospores of Phytophthora nicotianae was treated by incorporating 1, 5, and 10% aqueous emulsions of formulations containing clove oil, neem oil, pepper extract and mustard oil, cassia extract, synthetic cinnamon oil, or the fungicide metalaxyl. Population densities of P nicotianae were determined at 0 (before treatment), 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after treatment. Treatment of the soil with 5 and 10% aqueous emulsions resulted in significant (P < 0.05) differences among treatment mean values at each assay date. After I day, population densities were reduced to below the limit of detection (<0.04 CFU/cm(3)) in soil treated with 10% aqueous emulsions of two pepper extract-mustard oil formulations and two cassia extract formulations, and near the limit of detection for a synthetic cinnamon oil formulation. Over time, populations of P. nicotianae were detected in the assay; however, after 21 days, populations of R nicotianae in soil treated with one of the pepper extract-mustard oil formulations still were not detected. Formulations of clove oil, another pepper extract-mustard oil combination, the two cassia extracts, and the synthetic cinnamon oil reduced populations 98.4 to 99.9% after 21 days compared with the nontreated control soil. The neem oil formulation and metalaxyl did not reduce pathogen populations at any rate tested. In the greenhouse after 35 days, 10% aqueous emulsions of a pepper extract-mustard oil formulation, a cassia extract, and the synthetic cinnamon oil formulation suppressed disease development in periwinkle 93.0 to 96.7% compared with the nontreated infested soil. The observed reduction in the pathogen population and significantly more healthy plants in the greenhouse indicates that these formulations of plant extracts and oils could have important roles in biologically based management strategies for control of diseases caused by R nicotianae. C1 USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bowers, JH (reprint author), Blights Lesions & Assoc, Laurel, MD 20707 USA. EM john_bowers@comcast.net NR 14 TC 37 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1 BP 11 EP 16 DI 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.1.11 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 804QN UT WOS:000220313300002 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Pavia, SP Grunwald, NJ Diaz-Valasis, M Cadena-Hinojosa, M Fry, WE AF Fernandez-Pavia, SP Grunwald, NJ Diaz-Valasis, M Cadena-Hinojosa, M Fry, WE TI Soilborne oospores of Phytophthora infestans in central Mexico survive winter fallow and infect potato plants in the field SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE bioassay; oomycete; potato late blight ID TOLUCA VALLEY; LATE-BLIGHT; GERMINATION; VIABILITY; SOIL AB Survival and infectivity of oospores in soils naturally infested with R infestans oospores were studied in central Mexico. Sporangia were selectively eliminated from soil samples to determine infectivity attributable to the presence of oospores. Selective elimination of sporangia was achieved by two cycles of wetting and drying the soil. Oospore concentration, viability, and infectivity varied among soils collected during the winter fallow in different locations of central Mexico. In some soils, oospores were infective regardless of the time at which they were collected during the winter fallow. However, oospore viability and infectivity decreased following 2 years of intercropping. The number of stem lesions and initial disease, severity were significantly higher in soils with moderate (20 to 39 oospores g(-1) soil) oospore infestation compared with soils with low (0 to 19 oospores g-1 soil) infestation. Our study confirms that oospores can survive winter fallow and serve as a source of primary inoculum in the central highlands of Mexico. Oospore survival appeared lower in the Toluca Valley soil, which may be an indication of soil suppressiveness. C1 USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Agropecuarias & Forestales, Morelia 58240, Michoacan, Mexico. CIR CTR INIFAP, Chapingo 56230, Mexico. Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Grunwald, NJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM ngrunwald@pars.ars.usda.gov RI Grunwald, Niklaus/B-9535-2008; Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 30 TC 24 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1 BP 29 EP 33 DI 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.1.29 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 804QN UT WOS:000220313300005 ER PT J AU Kamenova, I Adkins, S AF Kamenova, I Adkins, S TI Comparison of detection methods for a novel tobamovirus isolated from Florida hibiscus SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PLANT-VIRUSES; WOODY-PLANTS; PCR; IMMUNOCAPTURE; ELISA AB A novel tobamovirus recently was isolated from hibiscus in Florida. Serological and molecular methods, including enzyme-linked immumosorbent assay (ELISA), dot-blot immunoassay (DBIA), tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA), and immunocapture reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR) were compared to evaluate their usefulness for diagnosis of this virus. Each method was tested with partially purified virus preparations and tissue samples from infected hibiscus and Chenopodium quinoa plants. Indirect ELISA was more sensitive than double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA with all samples tested. The Florida hibiscus virus was detectable in hibiscus leaves and bark up to 1: 12,800 and 1:6,400 dilutions, respectively, by indirect ELISA and up to 1:3,200 and 1:400 dilutions by DAS-ELISA. End-point dilutions of partially purified virus preparations from indirect and DAS-ELISA were 4 and 31 ng/ml, respectively. Florida hibiscus virus was detected by DBIA in sap from hibiscus bark and leaves at dilutions up to 1:400 and 1:800, respectively, showing that DBIA was less sensitive than either ELISA method. The virus also was detected reliably by TBIA from leaves and bark of hibiscus plants. The most sensitive method was IC-RT-PCR, which could detect as little as 500 pg/ml of virus in partially purified preparations and was 16- and 32-fold more sensitive than DAS-ELISA with hibiscus bark and leaf extracts, respectively. Over 600 hibiscus samples were tested by various combinations of these methods to validate their usefulness. C1 USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Adkins, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM SAdkins@ushrl.ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.1.34 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 804QN UT WOS:000220313300006 ER PT J AU Kabir, Z Bhat, RG Subbarao, KV AF Kabir, Z Bhat, RG Subbarao, KV TI Comparison of media for recovery of Verticillium dahliae from soil SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID INOCULUM DENSITY; FIELD SOILS; ALBO-ATRUM; WILT; MICROSCLEROTIA; CULTIVARS; ASSAYS AB Polygalacturonic acid (PGA) is an important constituent of Sorensen's NP-10 medium (NP-10) for estimating the population density of Verticillium dahliae in soil. Different types of PGA are available, but not all of them favor the growth of V dahliae. Unavailability of PGA sodium salt from orange (P-1879) has created an unprecedented problem for the quantification of microsclerotia (MS) of V dahliae in soil. The PGA from orange (P-3889) that is now available does not support the growth of V dahliae. Therefore, experiments were conducted to optimize the use of NP-10 prepared with P-3889 and various concentrations of NaOH. NP-10 with P-3889 amended with eight concentrations of NaOH were compared with NP-10 prepared from PGA sodium salt from orange (P-1879, now discontinued) and citrus (P-3850) along with cellophane and Na-pectate media for recovery of MS from soil and growth of V dahliae on the media. Seven soils were assayed for MS, and eight isolates of V dahliae were evaluated for growth and production of MS. Concentrations of NaOH >0.035N and <0.02N in NP-10 with P-3889 reduced mycelial growth, microsclerotial production, and recovery of MS from soils. Similarly, NP-10 with P-3850 alone, cellophane, and Na-pectate media had significantly reduced growth on media and recovery of V dahliae from soils. The NP-10 with P-3889 and 0.025N NaOH consistently yielded numbers of V dahliae MS from soil samples and supported the growth and production of MS similar to the NP-10 with P-1879. The medium developed in this study can serve as a direct replacement for the original NP-10 that was developed nearly three decades ago, an important component of which is no longer available. C1 Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Subbarao, KV (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM kvsubbarao@ucdavis.edu OI Subbarao, Krishna/0000-0002-2075-1835 NR 20 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1 BP 49 EP 55 DI 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.1.49 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 804QN UT WOS:000220313300008 ER PT J AU Babadoost, M Mathre, DE Johnston, RH Bonde, MR AF Babadoost, M Mathre, DE Johnston, RH Bonde, MR TI Survival of teliospores of Tilletia indica in soil SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Neovossia indica; Triticum aestivum ID KARNAL-BUNT; NEOVOSSIA-INDICA; WHEAT AB This study was,conducted to assess survival of Tilletia indica teliospores in a location in the northern United States. Soils differing in texture and other characteristics were collected from four locations, equilibrated to -0.3 MPa, and infested with teliospores of T indica to give a density of 103 teliospores per gram of dry soil. Samples (22 g) of the infested soil were placed in 20-mum mesh polyester bags, which were sealed and placed at 2-, 10-, and 25-cm depths in polyvinyl chloride tubes containing the same field soil as the infested bags. Tubes were buried vertically in the ground at Bozeman, MT, in October 1997. Soil samples were assayed for recovery and germination of T indica teliospores I day and 8, 20, and 32 months after incorporation of teliospores into soil. The rates of teliospores recovered from soil samples were 90.2, 18.7, 16.1, and 13.3% after 1 day and 8, 20, and 32 months after incorporation of teliospores into soil, respectively, and was significantly (P < 0.01) affected by soil source. The percentage of teliospore recovery from soil was the greatest in loam soil and lowest from a silt loam soil. The rate of teliospores recovered from soil was not significantly affected by depth of burial and the soil source-depth interaction during the 32-month period. The percentage of germination of teliospores was significantly (P < 0.01) affected by soil source and depth of burial over the 32-month period. The mean percentage of teliospore germination at I day, and 8, 20, and 32 months after incorporation into soils was 51.3, 15.1, 16.4, and 16.5%, respectively. In another experiment, samples of silty clay loam soil with 5 x 103 teliospores of T indica per gram of soil were stored at different temperatures in the laboratory. After 37 months of incubation at 22, 4, -5, and -18degreesC, the rates of teliospore recovered from soil were 1.6, 2.0, 5.7, and 11.3%, respectively. The percentage of spore germination from soil samples was highest at -5degreesC. Microscopy studies revealed that disintegration of teliospores begin after breakdown of the sheath-covering teliospore. The results of this study showed that teliospores of T indica can survive in Montana for more than 32 months and remain viable. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. USDA ARS, Foreign Dis & Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Babadoost, M (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM babadoos@uiuc.edu NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1 BP 56 EP 62 DI 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.1.56 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 804QN UT WOS:000220313300009 ER PT J AU Alderman, SC Halse, RR White, JF AF Alderman, SC Halse, RR White, JF TI A reevaluation of the host range and geographical distribution of Claviceps species in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Review DE disease assessment; disease distribution; ergot; host-pathogen index ID WESTERN GRAMINEAE; LEAFSPOT FUNGI; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; RHODE-ISLAND; PURPUREA; ERGOT; SCLEROTIA; DISEASES; SORGHUM AB A listing of host and state reports and distribution maps for 11 taxa of Claviceps occurring in the United States, including C. africana, C. cinerea, C. grohii, C nigricans, C. paspali, C pusilla, C. purpurea var. purpurea and var. spartinae, C tripsaci, C yanagawensis, and C zizaniae, was prepared based on literature citations and examination of specimens from herbaria. The occurrence of C ranunculoides is questioned based on examination of conidia and sclerotia from archived specimens. Collections of C purpurea var. purpurea from grasses in the Panicoideae were referred to other Claviceps spp. based on occurrence of macroconidia and microconidia. C purpurea var. purpurea was found on 165 grass species within the continental United States and Alaska. The size of conidia of C purpurea var. purpurea was found to be relatively stable across host and geographical regions. However, conidia of C purpurea var. purpurea from hosts in the Aveneae and Meliceae (generally associated with wet habitats) were more variable in size and generally larger than those from other tribes in the Pooideae. Claviceps spp. in the continental United States occurred in diverse habitats, including temperate grasslands of the middle to northern latitudes (C purpurea var. purpurea, C nigricans) to the middle to southern latitudes (C pusilla), coastal habitats (C purpurea var. spartinae, C zizaniae), northern wetlands (C grohii), southern temperate to subtropical grasslands (C africana, C paspali, C. tripsaci, C. yanagawensis), and and southwestern grasslands (C cinerea). C1 USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Cook Coll, Dept Plant Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ USA. RP Alderman, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM aldermas@onid.orst.edu RI White, James/C-2280-2009 NR 166 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1 BP 63 EP 81 DI 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.1.63 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 804QN UT WOS:000220313300010 ER PT J AU Haubensak, KA Parker, IM AF Haubensak, KA Parker, IM TI Soil changes accompanying invasion of the exotic shrub Cytisus scoparius in glacial outwash prairies of western Washington [USA] SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exotic; N-2-fixation; shrub; soil carbon; soil nitrogen ID N-15 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; ORGANIC-MATTER; NEW-ZEALAND; NITROGEN; PLANTS; DYNAMICS; ECOSYSTEMS; GRASSLAND; FIXATION; NUTRIENT AB Shrub encroachment of grassland is a global phenomenon that can cause substantial and rapid changes in soil nutrient levels and distribution. If the woody plants in question also have the capacity to fix nitrogen (N), the effects on soil nutrients may potentially be large. Cytisus scoparius L. Link (Scotch broom) is an introduced leguminous shrub from the Mediterranean region that colonizes open grasslands. We measured several properties of the surface soil (0-10 cm depth) across advancing fronts of Cytisus to assess changes in soil fertility associated with invasion in western Washington state (USA). Both total soil C and N increased (1.8% and 6.5%, respectively), resulting in a decrease in C to N ratio of 22.5 in uninvaded soils to 21.5 inside Cytisus patches. delta(15)N signature of surface soil did not clearly demonstrate a signal of N-2-fixation across the Cytisus gradient. On the other hand, seven-day laboratory aerobic incubations demonstrated 3 and 2.4 times greater mineralization and nitrification rate, respectively, in Cytisus soils compared to uninvaded soils. Despite this increase in N availability, bioassay plants (Achillea millefolium) grown in uninvaded soils in the greenhouse were similar to 30% larger than those grown in Cytisus-invaded soils, suggesting that Cytisus may have inhibitory effects on some plants growing in invaded soils. These results suggest that the impact of Cytisus invasion on grassland plant communities may be influenced or tempered by chemical or microbial effects on the soil other than simply increased labile N. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Haubensak, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. NR 46 TC 30 Z9 38 U1 8 U2 37 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1 BP 71 EP 79 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 889LH UT WOS:000226444000006 ER PT J AU Bryant, DM Ducey, MJ Innes, JC Lee, TD Eckert, RT Zarin, DJ AF Bryant, DM Ducey, MJ Innes, JC Lee, TD Eckert, RT Zarin, DJ TI Forest community analysis and the point-centered quarter method SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLANT-POPULATIONS AB The point-centered-quarter (PCQ) method has been applied in community analysis since the publication of the method nearly 50 years ago. This and other distance methods offer increased sampling efficiency over fixed-area plots (FA-P), but have long been known to produce biased density estimates when plant distribution deviates from random spatial patterns. Spatial indices have been developed to quantify the direction of this bias when plant distributions are aggregated or evenly distributed. Its continued use, especially in community analysis, requires additional scrutiny in measurements of community structure. We measured 14 forest stands of varying age, elevation and disturbance regime using FA-P and PCQ methods. Density estimates were biased, with the point-centered quarter method lower than fixed-area plot estimates when stems were aggregated and higher when stems were evenly spaced. In general the PCQ method underestimated species richness. The efficiency of the PCQ method makes it popular for ordination studies, although comparison of community structure varied from 18% to 90% similarity between the measurements of species basal area in the same stands using the two different methods. The bias observed in calculations of stem density, species abundance and community similarity indicate that use of the PCQ method should be approached with caution when used in community level analysis. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Forest Serv, PSW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Bryant, DM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dmb@io.harvard.edu RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 9 U2 41 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PY 2004 VL 175 IS 2 BP 193 EP 203 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 889LI UT WOS:000226444100004 ER PT J AU Schornack, S Ballvora, A Gurlebeck, D Peart, J Ganal, M Baker, B Bonas, U Lahaye, T AF Schornack, S Ballvora, A Gurlebeck, D Peart, J Ganal, M Baker, B Bonas, U Lahaye, T TI The tomato resistance protein Bs4 is a predicted non-nuclear TIR-NB-LRR protein that mediates defense responses to severely truncated derivatives of AvrBs4 and overexpressed AvrBs3 SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria; gene-for-gene interaction; type III effector; disease resistance gene; tomato; map-based cloning ID PLANT-DISEASE-RESISTANCE; TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION DOMAIN; CAMPESTRIS PV VESICATORIA; DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANCE; AVIRULENCE GENE AVRBS3; FLAX RUST RESISTANCE; SECRETION PATHWAY; EFFECTOR PROTEINS; CELL-DEATH AB The Lycopersicon esculentum Bs4 resistance (R) gene specifies recognition of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) strains that express the cognate AvrBs4 avirulence protein. Bs4 was isolated by positional cloning and is predicted to encode a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) protein that is homologous to tobacco N and potato Y-1 resistance proteins. Xcv infection tests demonstrate that Bs4 confers perception of AvrBs4 but not the 97% identical AvrBs3 protein. However, when delivered via Agrobacterium T-DNA transfer, both, avrBs4 and avrBs3 trigger a Bs4-dependent hypersensitive response, indicating that naturally occurring AvrBs3-homologues provide a unique experimental platform for molecular dissection of recognition specificity. Transcript studies revealed intron retention in Bs4 transcripts. Yet, an intron-deprived Bs4 derivative still mediates AvrBs4 detection, suggesting that the identified splice variants are not crucial to resistance. The L. pennellii bs4 allele, which is >98% identical to L. esculentum Bs4, has a Bs4-like exon-intron structure with exception of a splice polymorphism in intron 2 that causes truncation of the predicted bs4 protein. To test if the receptor-ligand model is a valid molecular description of Bs4-mediated AvrBs4 perception, we conducted yeast two-hybrid studies. However, a direct interaction was not observed. Defense signaling of the Bs4-governed reaction was studied in Nicotiana benthamiana by virus-induced gene silencing and showed that Bs4-mediated resistance is EDS1- and SGT1-dependent. C1 Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Genet, D-06120 Halle Saale, Germany. CNRS, Inst Sci Vegetales, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France. John Innes Ctr Plant Sci Res, Sainsbury Lab, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. Inst Pflanzengenet & Kulturpflanzenforsch, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. USDA, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Lahaye, T (reprint author), Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Genet, Weinbergweg 10, D-06120 Halle Saale, Germany. RI Schornack, Sebastian/A-3650-2011; Baker, Barbara/L-7198-2016 OI Schornack, Sebastian/0000-0002-7836-5881; Baker, Barbara/0000-0002-1276-971X NR 89 TC 95 Z9 105 U1 4 U2 27 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 37 IS 1 BP 46 EP 60 DI 10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01937.x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 753XU UT WOS:000187257500005 PM 14675431 ER PT J AU McCartney, AW Dyer, JM Dhanoa, PK Kim, PK Andrews, DW McNew, JA Mullen, RT AF McCartney, AW Dyer, JM Dhanoa, PK Kim, PK Andrews, DW McNew, JA Mullen, RT TI Membrane-bound fatty acid desaturases are inserted co-translationally into the ER and contain different ER retrieval motifs at their carboxy termini SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE fatty acid desaturase; endoplasmic reticulum; co-translational translocation; dilysine motif; aromatic motif; ER retrieval ID SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; GOLGI-APPARATUS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEINS; HYDROPHOBIC DOMAIN; SECRETORY PATHWAY; RETENTION SIGNALS; SORTING SIGNALS; PLANT AB Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) play a prominent role in plant lipid metabolism and are located in various subcellular compartments, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To investigate the biogenesis of ER-localized membrane-bound FADs, we characterized the mechanisms responsible for insertion of Arabidopsis FAD2 and Brassica FAD3 into ER membranes and determined the molecular signals that maintain their ER residency. Using in vitro transcription/translation reactions with ER-derived microsomes, we show that both FAD2 and FAD3 are efficiently integrated into membranes by a co-translational, translocon-mediated pathway. We also demonstrate that while the C-terminus of FAD3 (-KSKIN) contains a functional prototypic dilysine ER retrieval motif, FAD2 contains a novel C-terminal aromatic amino acid-containing sequence (-YNNKL) that is both necessary and sufficient for maintaining localization in the ER. Co-expression of a membrane-bound reporter protein containing the FAD2 C-terminus with a dominant-negative mutant of ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf)1 abolished transient localization of the reporter protein in the Golgi, indicating that the FAD2 peptide signal acts as an ER retrieval motif. Mutational analysis of the FAD2 ER retrieval signal revealed a sequence-specific motif consisting of Phi-X-X-K/R/D/E-Phi-COOH, where -Phi- are large hydrophobic amino acid residues. Interestingly, this aromatic motif was present in a variety of other known and putative ER membrane proteins, including cytochrome P450 and the peroxisomal biogenesis factor Pex10p. Taken together, these data describe the insertion and retrieval mechanisms of FADs and define a new ER localization signal in plants that is responsible for the retrieval of escaped membrane proteins back to the ER. C1 Univ Guelph, Dept Bot, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. McMaster Univ, Dept Biochem, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. Rice Univ, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Mullen, RT (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Bot, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. NR 77 TC 118 Z9 133 U1 1 U2 17 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 37 IS 2 BP 156 EP 173 DI 10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01949.x PG 18 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 756EL UT WOS:000187452800002 PM 14690501 ER PT J AU Kong, XY Gu, YQ You, FM Dubcovsky, J Anderson, OD AF Kong, XY Gu, YQ You, FM Dubcovsky, J Anderson, OD TI Dynamics of the evolution of orthologous and paralogous portions of a complex locus region in two genomes of allopolyploid wheat SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacterial artificial chromosome; evolution; glutenin; retrotransposons; sequence; wheat ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT GLUTENIN; COMPARATIVE SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; TRANSGENIC WHEAT; GRASS GENOMES; SUBUNIT GENE; BREAD WHEAT; BARLEY; RICE; RECOMBINATION AB Two overlapping bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones from the B genome of the tetraploid wheat Triticum turgidum were identified, each of which contains one of the two high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin genes, comprising the complex Glu-B1 locus. The complete sequence (285 506 bp of DNA) of this chromosomal region was determined. The two paralogousx-type (Glu-1-1) and y-type (Glu-1-2) HMW-glutenin genes of the complex Glu-B1 locus were found to be separated by ca. 168 000 bp instead of the 51 000 bp separation previously reported for the orthologous Glu-D1 locus of Aegilops tauschii, the D-genome donor of hexaploid wheat. This difference in intergene spacing is due almost entirely to be the insertion of clusters of nested retrotransposons. Otherwise, the orientation and order of the HMW glutenins and adjacent genes were identical in the two genomes. A comparison of these orthologous regions indicates modes and patterns of sequence divergence, with implications for the overall Triticeae genome structure and evolution. A duplicate globulin gene, found 5' of each HMW-glutenin gene, assists to tentatively define the original duplication event leading to the paralogous x- and y-type HMW-glutenin genes. The intergenic regions of the two loci are composed of different patterns and classes of retrotransposons, indicating that insertion times of these retroelements were after the divergence of the two wheat genomes. In addition, a putative receptor kinase gene near the y-type HMW-glutenin gene at the Glu-B1 locus is likely active as it matches recently reported ESTs from germinating barley endosperm. The presence of four genes represented only in the Triticeae endosperm ESTs suggests an endosperm-specific chromosome domain. C1 ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Genet Resources Conservat Program, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Germplasm Resources, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Agron & Range Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Gu, YQ (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM ygu@pw.usda.gov RI Dubcovsky, Jorge/A-4969-2008 OI Dubcovsky, Jorge/0000-0002-7571-4345 NR 57 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 54 IS 1 BP 55 EP 69 DI 10.1023/B:PLAN.0000028768.21587.dc PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 823DX UT WOS:000221591000005 PM 15159634 ER PT J AU Sharma, N Park, SW Vepachedu, R Barbieri, L Ciani, M Stirpe, F Savary, BJ Vivanco, JM AF Sharma, N Park, SW Vepachedu, R Barbieri, L Ciani, M Stirpe, F Savary, BJ Vivanco, JM TI Isolation and characterization of an RIP (ribosome-inactivating protein)-like protein from tobacco with dual enzymatic activity SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEINS; POKEWEED ANTIVIRAL PROTEIN; POLYNUCLEOTIDE-ADENOSINE GLYCOSIDASE; MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DEOXYRIBONUCLEASE ACTIVITY; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MIRABILIS-EXPANSA AB Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are N-glycosidases that remove a specific adenine from the sarcin/ricin loop of the large rRNA, thus arresting protein synthesis at the translocation step. In the present study, a protein termed tobacco RIP (TRIP) was isolated from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves and purified using ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography in combination with yeast,ribosome depurination assays. TRIP has a molecular mass of 26 kD as evidenced by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and showed strong N-glycosidase activity as manifested by the depurination of yeast rRNA. Purified TRIP showed immunoreactivity with antibodies of RIPs from Mirabilis expansa. TRIP released fewer amounts of adenine residues from ribosomal (Artemia sp. and rat ribosomes) and non-ribosomal substrates (herring sperm DNA, rRNA, and tRNA) compared with other RIPs. TRIP inhibited translation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) germ more efficiently than in rabbit reticulocytes, showing an IC50 at 30 ng in the former system. Antimicrobial assays using highly purified TRIP (50 mug mL(-1)) conducted against various fungi and bacterial pathogens showed the strongest inhibitory activity against Trichoderma reesei and Pseudomonas solancearum. A 15-amino acid internal polypeptide sequence of TRIP was identical with the internal sequences of the iron-superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD) from wild tobacco (Nicotiana plumbaginifolia), Arabidopsis, and potato (Solanum tuberosum). Purified TRIP showed SOD activity, and Escherichia coli Fe-SOD was observed to have RIP activity too. Thus, TRIP may be considered a dual activity enzyme showing RIP-like activity and Fe-SOD characteristics. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Cellular & Mol Biol Grad Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Patol Sperimentale, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Vivanco, JM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM jvivanco@lamar.colostate.edu NR 64 TC 48 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 134 IS 1 BP 171 EP 181 DI 10.1104/pp.103.030205 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 767EL UT WOS:000188427200019 PM 14671015 ER PT J AU Moraes, RM De Andrade, Z Bedir, E Dayan, FE Lata, H Khan, I Pereira, AMS AF Moraes, RM De Andrade, Z Bedir, E Dayan, FE Lata, H Khan, I Pereira, AMS TI Arbuscular mycorrhiza improves acclimatization and increases lignan content of micropropagated mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum L.) SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM); micropropagation; lignan; podophyllotoxin; Podophyllum ID PLANT-GROWTH; CASH-CROP; INOCULATION; TISSUE AB In vitro propagated plants are delicate and lacking vigor to survive the acclimatization shock with great losses observed frequently. Comparison of potting substrates showed that survival of Podophyllum peltatum plantlets was higher (97%) in a non-sterile soil (NS)-sand (2:1 v/v) substrate than in Miracle-Gro potting mix(R)-sand (2:1 v/v) with or without inocula of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM). The non-sterile soil substrate was collected from areas of R peltatum wild-grown colonies located on the University of Mississippi Campus. Within the group of plantlets grown in the Miracle-Gro potting mix(R)-sand substrate, the survival rate was significantly higher in plantlets inoculated with AM fungi. Plantlets inoculated with Entrophospora colombiana had a superior survival rate (73%) than plantlets inoculated with Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora ramisporophora or Scutellospora fulgida (57%). Ex vitro G. ramisporophora inoculated plants yielded more podophyllotoxin and related lignans than the control, non-inoculated plants. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Res Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. Inst Venezolano Invest Cient, Ctr Ecol, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela. Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, USDA, ARS,NPURU, Mississippi State, MS 38677 USA. Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Ribeirao Preto, Dept Biotechnol Plantas, BR-14100 Ribeirao Preto, Brazil. RP Moraes, RM (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Res Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. EM rmoraes@olemiss.edu RI Pereira, Ana /P-5646-2014; Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Pereira, Ana /0000-0002-3478-4718; Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 31 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 166 IS 1 BP 23 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2003.07.003 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 771LH UT WOS:000188786500003 ER PT J AU Chronis, D Krishnan, HB AF Chronis, D Krishnan, HB TI Sulfur assimilation in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.): molecular cloning and characterization of a cytosolic isoform of serine acetyltransferase SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Glycine; serine acetyltransferase; sulfur assimilation ID CYSTEINE SYNTHASE COMPLEX; ACETYLSERINE THIOL LYASE; SEED STORAGE PROTEINS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; KINETIC-PROPERTIES; HIGHER-PLANTS; BIOSYNTHESIS; METHIONINE; PURIFICATION AB A full-length cDNA clone encoding a cytosolic isoform of serine acetyltransferase (SATase; EC 2.3.1.30) was isolated by screening a soybean seedling cDNA library with a P-32-labeled expressed sequence tag. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the isolated cDNA revealed a single open-reading frame of 858 base pairs encoding a 30-kDa polypeptide. The deduced amino acid sequence of soybean SATase revealed significant homology with other plant SATases. Analysis of genomic DNA by Southern blotting indicated that SATase is encoded by a small gene family. The authenticity of the isolated SATase cDNA was confirmed by the expression of the cDNA in an Escherichia coli cysteine-auxotrophic mutant resulting in the growth of the mutant in minimal medium without cysteine. Expression of soybean SATase in E. coli resulted in the production of a 34-kDa protein that was subsequently purified by nickel-affinity column chromatography. The purified protein exhibited SATase activity, indicating that the E. coli-expressed protein is a functionally active SATase. The recombinant soybean SATase was inhibited by l-cysteine, the end product of the cysteine biosynthetic pathway. Antibodies raised against the recombinant soybean SATase cross-reacted with a 34-kDa protein from Arabidopsis leaves, but failed to detect any proteins from soybean leaves and seeds. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that SATase mRNA was expressed at low levels during soybean seed development. In comparison to Arabidopsis leaves, the SATase activity was several-fold lower in soybean leaves and seeds, suggesting that SATase is a low-abundance enzyme. C1 Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM krishnanh@missouri.edu NR 42 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 EI 1432-2048 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD JAN PY 2004 VL 218 IS 3 BP 417 EP 426 DI 10.1007/s00425-003-1123-3 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 761QD UT WOS:000187918700011 PM 14586654 ER PT B AU Gardner, DR Romero, J Ralphs, MH Creamer, R AF Gardner, DR Romero, J Ralphs, MH Creamer, R BE Acamovic, T Stewart, CS Pennycott, TW TI Correlation of an endophytic fungus (Alternaria spp.) with the presence of swainsonine in lambert locoweed (Oxytropis lambertii) SO POISONOUS PLANTS AND RELATED TOXINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of Poisonous Plants CY AUG, 2001 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Dow AgroSci Ltd ID INDOLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; BIOSYNTHESIS C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Gardner, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84321 USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-614-0 PY 2004 BP 32 EP 37 DI 10.1079/9780851996141.0032 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Toxicology GA BCX52 UT WOS:000231756500003 ER PT B AU Stegelmeier, BL James, LF Panter, KE Molyneux, RJ Gardner, DR Schoch, TK Lee, ST Ralphs, MH Pfister, JA AF Stegelmeier, BL James, LF Panter, KE Molyneux, RJ Gardner, DR Schoch, TK Lee, ST Ralphs, MH Pfister, JA BE Acamovic, T Stewart, CS Pennycott, TW TI Toxicity of a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, riddelliine, in neonatal pigs SO POISONOUS PLANTS AND RELATED TOXINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of Poisonous Plants CY AUG, 2001 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Dow AgroSci Ltd C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Stegelmeier, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-614-0 PY 2004 BP 44 EP 49 DI 10.1079/9780851996141.0044 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Toxicology GA BCX52 UT WOS:000231756500005 ER PT B AU Droleskey, RE Anderson, RC Callaway, TR Anderson, TJ Bischoff, KM Sheffield, CL Harvey, RB Nisbet, DJ AF Droleskey, RE Anderson, RC Callaway, TR Anderson, TJ Bischoff, KM Sheffield, CL Harvey, RB Nisbet, DJ BE Acamovic, T Stewart, CS Pennycott, TW TI Modulation of Escherichia coli Shiga toxin activity on Vero cells by the use of the secondary plant compound swainsonine SO POISONOUS PLANTS AND RELATED TOXINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of Poisonous Plants CY AUG, 2001 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Dow AgroSci Ltd ID PATHOGENESIS; RECEPTORS C1 USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Droleskey, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Route 5, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-614-0 PY 2004 BP 198 EP 203 DI 10.1079/9780851996141.0198 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Toxicology GA BCX52 UT WOS:000231756500030 ER PT B AU Anderson, TJ Anderson, RC Williarns, MJ Elder, RO Nisbet, DJ AF Anderson, TJ Anderson, RC Williarns, MJ Elder, RO Nisbet, DJ BE Acamovic, T Stewart, CS Pennycott, TW TI PCR amplification for detection of synergistes jonesii, the ruminal bacterium that degrades the toxins of Leucaena leucocephala SO POISONOUS PLANTS AND RELATED TOXINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of Poisonous Plants CY AUG, 2001 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Dow AgroSci Ltd ID RUMEN; MIMOSINE; GOATS; SHEEP; DHP; DEGRADATION; CATTLE C1 USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Feed & Food Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Anderson, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Feed & Food Safety Res Unit, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-614-0 PY 2004 BP 223 EP 226 DI 10.1079/9780851996141.0223 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Toxicology GA BCX52 UT WOS:000231756500034 ER PT B AU Lee, ST Stegelmeier, BL Gardner, DR Vogel, KP AF Lee, ST Stegelmeier, BL Gardner, DR Vogel, KP BE Acamovic, T Stewart, CS Pennycott, TW TI Characterization of steroidal sapogenins in Panicum virgatum L. (Switchgrass) SO POISONOUS PLANTS AND RELATED TOXINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of Poisonous Plants CY AUG, 2001 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Dow AgroSci Ltd ID IDENTIFICATION; PHOTOSENSITIZATION; DICHOTOMIFLORUM; EPISMILAGENIN; BILE C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Lee, ST (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84321 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-614-0 PY 2004 BP 329 EP 334 DI 10.1079/9780851996141.0329 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Toxicology GA BCX52 UT WOS:000231756500050 ER PT B AU Panter, KE James, LF Wang, S Gardner, DR Gaffield, W Molyneux, RJ Stegelmeier, BL Bunch, TD AF Panter, KE James, LF Wang, S Gardner, DR Gaffield, W Molyneux, RJ Stegelmeier, BL Bunch, TD BE Acamovic, T Stewart, CS Pennycott, TW TI Screening poisonous plant toxins for cytotoxicity using bovine embryos produced by in vitro fertilization techniques SO POISONOUS PLANTS AND RELATED TOXINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of Poisonous Plants CY AUG, 2001 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Dow AgroSci Ltd ID PINE NEEDLE ABORTION; PONDEROSA PINE; VERATRUM-CALIFORNICUM; MATERNAL INGESTION; OXYTROPIS-SERICEA; ISOCUPRESSIC ACID; BEEF-CATTLE; SWAINSONINE; REPRODUCTION; BLASTOCYSTS C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Panter, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-614-0 PY 2004 BP 347 EP 353 DI 10.1079/9780851996141.0347 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Toxicology GA BCX52 UT WOS:000231756500053 ER PT B AU James, LF Panter, KE Gaffield, W Molyneux, RJ Weinzweig, J AF James, LF Panter, KE Gaffield, W Molyneux, RJ Weinzweig, J BE Acamovic, T Stewart, CS Pennycott, TW TI Poisonous plant research: Biomedical applications SO POISONOUS PLANTS AND RELATED TOXINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of Poisonous Plants CY AUG, 2001 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Dow AgroSci Ltd ID BASAL-CELL CARCINOMAS; CROOKED CALF DISEASE; FETAL CLEFT-PALATE; IN-UTERO REPAIR; SONIC-HEDGEHOG; VERATRUM-CALIFORNICUM; ANTIMETASTATIC IMMUNOMODULATOR; GLYCOSIDASE INHIBITORS; SYNCYTIUM FORMATION; MATERNAL INGESTION C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP James, LF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. NR 76 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-614-0 PY 2004 BP 361 EP 376 DI 10.1079/9780851996141.0361 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Toxicology GA BCX52 UT WOS:000231756500055 ER PT B AU Lee, ST Schoch, TK Stegelmeier, BL Gardner, DR Than, KA Molyneux, RJ AF Lee, ST Schoch, TK Stegelmeier, BL Gardner, DR Than, KA Molyneux, RJ BE Acamovic, T Stewart, CS Pennycott, TW TI The detection and estimation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in plants and feeds using an ELISA SO POISONOUS PLANTS AND RELATED TOXINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of Poisonous Plants CY AUG, 2001 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Dow AgroSci Ltd ID TOXICITY C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Lee, ST (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-614-0 PY 2004 BP 387 EP 393 DI 10.1079/9780851996141.0387 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Toxicology GA BCX52 UT WOS:000231756500057 ER PT B AU Stegelmeier, BL James, LF Panter, KE Molyneux, RJ Gardner, DR Lee, ST Ralphs, MH Pfister, JA AF Stegelmeier, BL James, LF Panter, KE Molyneux, RJ Gardner, DR Lee, ST Ralphs, MH Pfister, JA BE Acamovic, T Stewart, CS Pennycott, TW TI The clinical and morphological changes of intermittent locoweed (Oxytropis sericea) poisoning in sheep SO POISONOUS PLANTS AND RELATED TOXINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of Poisonous Plants CY AUG, 2001 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Dow AgroSci Ltd ID LESIONS; HORSES; CATTLE C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Stegelmeier, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-614-0 PY 2004 BP 431 EP 435 DI 10.1079/9780851996141.0431 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Toxicology GA BCX52 UT WOS:000231756500064 ER PT B AU Ralphs, MH Gardner, DR Pfister, JA AF Ralphs, MH Gardner, DR Pfister, JA BE Acamovic, T Stewart, CS Pennycott, TW TI Toxicophenology and grazing risk models of tall larkspur SO POISONOUS PLANTS AND RELATED TOXINS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of Poisonous Plants CY AUG, 2001 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Dow AgroSci Ltd ID ALKALOID CONCENTRATION; NORDITERPENOID ALKALOIDS; DELPHINIUM-BARBEYI; TOXICITY C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Ralphs, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-614-0 PY 2004 BP 575 EP 581 DI 10.1079/9780851996141.0575 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Toxicology GA BCX52 UT WOS:000231756500086 ER PT S AU Westphal, LM Levengood, JM Wali, A Soucek, D Stotz, DF AF Westphal, Lynne M. Levengood, Jeffrey M. Wali, Alaka Soucek, David Stotz, Douglas F. BE Bengston, DN TI Brownfield redevelopment: A hidden opportunity for conservation biology SO Policies for Managing Urban Growth and Landscape Change: A Key to Conservation in the 21st Century SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT NORTH CENTRAL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Policies for Managing Urban Growth and Landscape Change CY JUL 30-AUG 02, 2004 CL Columbia Univ, New York, NY HO Columbia Univ ID CROWNED NIGHT-HERONS; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; GREAT BLUE HERON; ORGANOCHLORINE CONTAMINANTS; EXPOSURE; RIVER; EGGS; USA AB Brownfields-lands that are idle due to concerns about contamination-are often prominent features of urban areas. Conservation in an urbanizing world must take brownfields into consideration because regions of heavy industry can harbor areas of ecological significance. The Calumet region of northwest Indiana and northeast Illinois is one such place, where the Calumet Initiative, a partnership of government, industry, academia, nonprofit groups. and local residents, is working toward economic and ecological sustainability Here partners have developed a research and action program that integrates social, biological, and physical issues to move toward a sustainable future. We discuss three current research projects: planning that considers biodiversity as well as redevelopment goals, research that investigates the viability of state-threatened and state-endangered species, and a social asset mapping project. Using a marsh in Calumet that hosts a rookery of the state-endangered black-crowned night heron, as well as other species of concern, and that borders a potential superfund Site, we will outline this integrated research and action program and its wider application for conservation biology. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, No Cent Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 15 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV, N CENT RES STN PI ST PAUL PA 1992 FOLWELL AVENUE, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA SN 0363-616X J9 US FOR SERV T R NC PY 2004 VL 265 BP 21 EP 26 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies GA BEP96 UT WOS:000238837200004 ER PT S AU Bengston, DN Yeo-Chang, Y AF Bengston, David N. Yeo-Chang, Youn BE Bengston, DN TI Seoul's greenbelt: An experiment in urban containment SO Policies for Managing Urban Growth and Landscape Change: A Key to Conservation in the 21st Century SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT NORTH CENTRAL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Policies for Managing Urban Growth and Landscape Change CY JUL 30-AUG 02, 2004 CL Columbia Univ, New York, NY HO Columbia Univ ID HOUSING PRICES; POLITICAL-ECONOMY; COMMUTING COSTS; LAND MARKETS; OPEN SPACE; POLICIES; KOREA; ENVIRONMENT; LANDSCAPES; AMENITY AB Urban containment policies are considered by some to be a promising approach to growth management. The greenbelt-based urban containment policy of Seoul, Republic of Korea is examined as a case study Seoul's greenbelt has generated both significant social costs and benefits. Korea's greenbelt policy is currently being revised, largely due to pressure from greenbelt landowners and developers. While there is no definitive answer to the question of whether Seoul would be a more or less "sustainable city" today without the greenbelt. it is certain that in the absence of the greenbelt Seoul would have lost much of its rich natural heritage and essential ecosystem services. C1 US Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV, N CENT RES STN PI ST PAUL PA 1992 FOLWELL AVENUE, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA SN 0363-616X J9 US FOR SERV T R NC PY 2004 VL 265 BP 27 EP 34 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies GA BEP96 UT WOS:000238837200005 ER PT J AU Feng, XQ Hansen, JD Biasi, B Tang, J Mitcham, EJ AF Feng, XQ Hansen, JD Biasi, B Tang, J Mitcham, EJ TI Use of hot water treatment to control codling moths in harvested California 'Bing' sweet cherries SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heat; quality; quarantine; disinfestation ID METHYL-BROMIDE; QUALITY; FRUIT; RESIDUES; DECAY AB Preharvest gibberellic acid-treated California 'Bing' sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) were treated with hot water baths (46-58 degreesC for 0.25-18 min), followed by hydrocooling. The fruit were then stored to simulate either air shipment or sea shipment to overseas markets, both followed by 15 h of shelf life at 20 degreesC. In separate experiments, cherries were also infested with codling moth larvae and subjected to similar hot water bath heating. The quality attributes showed different sensitivity to the combinations of temperature and time used for hot water bath treatment. Pitting was more common in fruit treated at lower temperatures for longer times, while stem browning was more common in fruit treated at high temperatures. Berry browning, stem color, and pitting were the quality attributes most affected by heat treatment. Browning of cherry stem color was a crucial factor in determining whether a combination of temperature and time for hot water bath treatment was successful. All cherries stored at 0degreesC for 14 days to simulate sea shipment were of unacceptable quality after shelf life. Hot water bath treatments that provided 100% codling moth mortality and maintained overall acceptable fruit quality were very limited and included treatments at 50 degreesC for 10 min and at 54 degreesC for 6 min. Delaying the hot water bath treatment after fruit harvest, even if the cherries were kept at 0 degreesC, resulted in a greater loss in fruit quality compared with those treated on the harvest day. Using hot water baths as a quarantine treatment for codling moths (Cydia pomonella) on sweet cherries may be feasible if fruit are air shipped at 5 degreesC for 2 days, but not suitable if fruit are sea shipped at 0degreesC for 14 days. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USDA ARS, YARL, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Mitcham, EJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pomol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ejmitcham@ucdavis.edu RI Tang, Juming/A-4027-2009 OI Tang, Juming/0000-0001-9449-1004 NR 23 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 31 IS 1 BP 41 EP 49 DI 10.1016/S0925-5214(03)00139-X PG 9 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 767ZB UT WOS:000188502800005 ER PT J AU Norman, HD Wright, JR Powell, RL VanRaden, PM AF Norman, H. D. Wright, J. R. Powell, R. L. VanRaden, P. M. TI Merit of obtaining genetic evaluations of milk yield for each parity on Holstein bulls SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE milk yield; parity; lactation number C1 [Norman, H. D.; Wright, J. R.; Powell, R. L.; VanRaden, P. M.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 2 EP 2 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400005 ER PT J AU VanRaden, PM Miller, RH AF VanRaden, P. M. Miller, R. H. TI Contribution of inbreeding and recessive defects to early embryo loss SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE fertility; embryo loss; recessive defects C1 [VanRaden, P. M.; Miller, R. H.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 3 EP 3 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400012 ER PT J AU Klindt, J AF Klindt, J. TI Relationships among measures of growth performance and plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) in barrows SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE plasma urea concentrations; growth; genetic influences C1 [Klindt, J.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 4 EP 4 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400013 ER PT J AU Riley, DG Chase, CC Coleman, SW Randel, RD Olson, TA AF Riley, D. G. Chase, C. C., Jr. Coleman, S. W. Randel, R. D. Olson, T. A. TI Assessment of temperament at weaning in calves produced from diallel matings of Angus, Brahman, and Romosinuano SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Brahman; Romosinuano; temperament C1 [Riley, D. G.; Chase, C. C., Jr.; Coleman, S. W.] ARS, USDA, Brooksville, FL USA. [Randel, R. D.] TAES, Overton, TX USA. [Olson, T. A.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 6 EP 7 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400025 ER PT J AU Berrang, ME Meinersmann, RJ Frank, JF Smith, DP AF Berrang, M. E. Meinersmann, R. J. Frank, J. F. Smith, D. P. TI Listeria monocytogenes prevalence and distribution within a poultry further processing plant over 12 months SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Listeria; processing; environment C1 [Berrang, M. E.; Meinersmann, R. J.; Smith, D. P.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Frank, J. F.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 11 EP 11 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400042 ER PT J AU Jones, DR Musgrove, MT AF Jones, D. R. Musgrove, M. T. TI Effects of extended storage on egg quality factors SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE egg; storage; quality C1 [Jones, D. R.; Musgrove, M. T.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Poultry Proc & Meat Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 11 EP 12 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400045 ER PT J AU Ladely, SR Berrang, ME Fedorka-Cray, PJ Simmons, M Fletcher, DL AF Ladely, S. R. Berrang, M. E. Fedorka-Cray, P. J. Simmons, M. Fletcher, D. L. TI Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella from fresh whole chicken carcasses SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; antimicrobial resistance; chicken C1 [Ladely, S. R.; Berrang, M. E.; Fedorka-Cray, P. J.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Simmons, M.; Fletcher, D. L.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 11 EP 11 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400043 ER PT J AU Northcutt, JK Musgrove, MT Jones, DR AF Northcutt, J. K. Musgrove, M. T. Jones, D. R. TI Chemical analyses of commercial shell egg wash water collected from three different operations SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE shell eggs; egg processing water; chemical analyses C1 [Northcutt, J. K.; Musgrove, M. T.; Jones, D. R.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400046 ER PT J AU Young, LL Smith, DP Cason, JA Buhr, RJ Walker, JM AF Young, L. L. Smith, D. P. Cason, J. A. Buhr, R. J. Walker, J. M. TI Effects of post-defeathering electrical stimulation on moisture retention characteristics of broiler carcasses and phosphate-marinated breast fillets SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE electrical stimulation; polyphosphate; meat C1 [Young, L. L.; Smith, D. P.; Cason, J. A.; Buhr, R. J.] USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Walker, J. M.] Stork Gamco Inc, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400048 ER PT J AU Bosworth, BG Gregory, DJ AF Bosworth, B. G. Gregory, D. J. TI Effects of sedated-harvest on channel catfish fillet color, pH, and drip-loss SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE catfish; fillet; quality C1 [Bosworth, B. G.; Gregory, D. J.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400059 ER PT J AU Horne, WJ Brooks, JC Coleman, SW Phillips, WA Riley, DG Chase, CC Miller, MF AF Horne, W. J. Brooks, J. C. Coleman, S. W. Phillips, W. A. Riley, D. G. Chase, C. C., Jr. Miller, M. F. TI Characterization of Romosinuano breeding on palatability traits and retail shelf life of beef steaks SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE romosinuano; shelf life; palatability C1 [Horne, W. J.; Brooks, J. C.; Miller, M. F.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Coleman, S. W.; Riley, D. G.; Chase, C. C., Jr.] ARS, USDA, SubTrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL USA. [Phillips, W. A.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400073 ER PT J AU Solomon, MB Liu, M Patel, J Paroczay, E Eastridge, J AF Solomon, M. B. Liu, M. Patel, J. Paroczay, E. Eastridge, J. TI Tenderness improvement in fresh and frozen/thawed beef strip loins treated with hydrodynamic pressure processing SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE tenderness; pressure processing; aging C1 [Solomon, M. B.; Liu, M.; Patel, J.; Paroczay, E.; Eastridge, J.] ARS, USDA, FTSL, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400070 ER PT J AU Dominguez-Diaz, D Satter, LD AF Dominguez-Diaz, D. Satter, L. D. TI Effect of increased cutting height of corn silage on nutritive value, milk yield and milk composition SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE cutting height; corn silage C1 [Satter, L. D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Dominguez-Diaz, D.; Satter, L. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400113 ER PT J AU Dominguez-Diaz, D Satter, LD AF Dominguez-Diaz, D. Satter, L. D. TI Site and extent of digestion of diets containing brown midrib-3, low-cut, or high-cut corn silage SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE bm3; cutting height; corn silage C1 [Satter, L. D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Dominguez-Diaz, D.; Satter, L. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 29 EP 29 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400114 ER PT J AU Soder, KJ Sanderson, MA Stack, JL Muller, LD AF Soder, K. J. Sanderson, M. A. Stack, J. L. Muller, L. D. TI Effect of forage diversity on intake and productivity of grazing lactating dairy cows over two grazing seasons SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pasture; diversity; intake C1 [Soder, K. J.; Sanderson, M. A.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA. [Stack, J. L.; Muller, L. D.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 30 EP 30 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400120 ER PT J AU Neel, JPS Fontenot, JP Clapham, WM Duckett, SK AF Neel, J. P. S. Fontenot, J. P. Clapham, W. M. Duckett, S. K. TI Effect of winter period rate of gain on finishing growth rate, final weight and carcass parameters from pasture or feedlot finished cattle SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE finishing; pasture; winter C1 [Neel, J. P. S.; Clapham, W. M.] ARS, USDA, AFSRC, Washington, DC USA. [Fontenot, J. P.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Duckett, S. K.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 33 EP 34 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400134 ER PT J AU Realini, C Duckett, S Neel, J Fontenot, J Clapham, W AF Realini, C. Duckett, S. Neel, J. Fontenot, J. Clapham, W. TI Effect of winter stocker growth rate and finishing diet on beef longissimus fatty acid composition SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef; fatty acids; forages C1 [Realini, C.; Duckett, S.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Neel, J.; Clapham, W.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Fontenot, J.] Virginia Tech Univ, Blacksburg, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 33 EP 33 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400132 ER PT J AU Realini, C Duckett, S Neel, J Fontenot, J Clapham, W AF Realini, C. Duckett, S. Neel, J. Fontenot, J. Clapham, W. TI Effect of winter stocker growth rate and finishing diet on beef rib composition, quality and palatability SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef; forages; tenderness C1 [Realini, C.; Duckett, S.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Neel, J.; Clapham, W.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Fontenot, J.] Virginia Tech Univ, Blacksburg, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 33 EP 33 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400133 ER PT J AU Estell, RE Fredrickson, EL Anderson, DM Havstad, KM Remmenga, MD AF Estell, R. E. Fredrickson, E. L. Anderson, D. M. Havstad, K. M. Remmenga, M. D. TI Effects of gamma-terpinene, terpinolene, alpha-copaene, and alpha-terpinene on consumption of alfalfa pellets by sheep SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE intake; sheep; terpenes C1 [Estell, R. E.; Fredrickson, E. L.; Anderson, D. M.; Havstad, K. M.] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Remmenga, M. D.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 34 EP 34 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400135 ER PT J AU Seman, DH Stuedemann, JA Douglass, LW AF Seman, D. H. Stuedemann, J. A. Douglass, L. W. TI Number of experimental units required to detect differences in grazing time SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE cattle; grazing behavior C1 [Seman, D. H.; Stuedemann, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Watkinsville, GA USA. [Douglass, L. W.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 37 EP 37 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400148 ER PT J AU Wyatt, WE Venuto, BC Gillespie, JM Blouin, DC AF Wyatt, W. E. Venuto, B. C. Gillespie, J. M. Blouin, D. C. TI Effects of stocking method and rate on seasonal cow-calf performance and forage quality SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE stocking rate; stocking method; cow-calf C1 [Venuto, B. C.] ARS, USDA, Grazing Lands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. [Gillespie, J. M.; Blouin, D. C.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 39 EP 39 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400154 ER PT J AU Kitts, SE Matthews, JC Sipe, GL Rumsey, TS Elsasser, TH Kahl, S Baldwin, RL McLeod, KR AF Kitts, S. E. Matthews, J. C. Sipe, G. L. Rumsey, T. S. Elsasser, T. H. Kahl, S. Baldwin, R. L. McLeod, K. R. TI Effects of chlortetracycline (CTC) and steroidal implant on growth and plasma growth hormone (GH) and thyroid hormone release after challenge with thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) in beef steers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE chlortetracycline; carcass quality; beef cattle C1 [Kitts, S. E.; Matthews, J. C.; Sipe, G. L.; McLeod, K. R.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Rumsey, T. S.; Elsasser, T. H.; Kahl, S.] ARS, Growth Biol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Baldwin, R. L.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 41 EP 41 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400164 ER PT J AU Ferrell, CL Berry, ED Freetly, HC Miller, DN AF Ferrell, C. L. Berry, E. D. Freetly, H. C. Miller, D. N. TI Influence of genotype and diet on steer performance SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE efficiency; odor; E. coli C1 [Ferrell, C. L.; Berry, E. D.; Freetly, H. C.; Miller, D. N.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 42 EP 42 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400168 ER PT J AU Kuhn, MT Hutchison, JL Norman, HD AF Kuhn, M. T. Hutchison, J. L. Norman, H. D. TI Minimum dry period length to maximize performance SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE dry period length; milk production; performance C1 [Kuhn, M. T.; Hutchison, J. L.; Norman, H. D.] ARS, USDA, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 56 EP 56 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400224 ER PT J AU Kim, WK Donalson, LM Herrera, P Woodward, CL Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ Ricke, SC AF Kim, W. K. Donalson, L. M. Herrera, P. Woodward, C. L. Kubena, L. F. Nisbet, D. J. Ricke, S. C. TI Effects of different bone preparation methods (fresh, dry, and fat-free dry) on bone parameters and the correlations between bone-breaking strength and the other bone parameters SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE bone-breaking strength; bone parameters; bone preparation C1 [Kim, W. K.; Donalson, L. M.; Herrera, P.; Woodward, C. L.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Kubena, L. F.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 58 EP 59 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400233 ER PT J AU Arthington, JD Riley, DG Chase, CC Phillips, WA Coleman, SW AF Arthington, J. D. Riley, D. G. Chase, C. C., Jr. Phillips, W. A. Coleman, S. W. TI Acute phase protein response to weaning and transport in calves produced by matings of Romosinuano, Angus, and Brahman SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE acute phase proteins; Romosinuano; Brahman C1 [Arthington, J. D.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Riley, D. G.; Chase, C. C., Jr.; Coleman, S. W.] ARS, USDA, Brooksvile, FL USA. [Phillips, W. A.] ARS, USDA, El Reno, OK USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 59 EP 60 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400237 ER PT J AU Lopez, H Caraviello, DC Satter, LD Wiltbank, MC AF Lopez, H. Caraviello, D. C. Satter, L. D. Wiltbank, M. C. TI Factors associated with multiple ovulation in lactating dairy cows SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE dairy cow; multiple ovulation; milk production C1 [Satter, L. D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Lopez, H.; Caraviello, D. C.; Satter, L. D.; Wiltbank, M. C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Wiltbank, Milo/B-1506-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 64 EP 64 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400255 ER PT J AU Kim, JG Vallet, JL Christenson, RK Rohrer, GA Nonneman, DJ AF Kim, J. G. Vallet, J. L. Christenson, R. K. Rohrer, G. A. Nonneman, D. J. TI Evaluation of an SNP in steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) protein for reproductive traits in swine SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ovulation rate; age at puberty; gene mapping C1 [Kim, J. G.; Vallet, J. L.; Christenson, R. K.; Rohrer, G. A.; Nonneman, D. J.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 65 EP 65 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400257 ER PT J AU Richardson, RL Hausman, GJ Rekaya, R Lee-Rutherford, L Kraeling, RR Barb, CR AF Richardson, R. L. Hausman, G. J. Rekaya, R. Lee-Rutherford, L. Kraeling, R. R. Barb, C. R. TI Ontogeny of uterine gene expression in the prepuberal pig SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pig; uterus; gene C1 [Richardson, R. L.; Hausman, G. J.; Lee-Rutherford, L.; Kraeling, R. R.; Barb, C. R.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Rekaya, R.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 65 EP 65 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400258 ER PT J AU Richardson, RL Barb, CR Rekaya, R Lee-Rutherford, L Kraeling, RR Hausman, GJ AF Richardson, R. L. Barb, C. R. Rekaya, R. Lee-Rutherford, L. Kraeling, R. R. Hausman, G. J. TI Ontogeny of ovarian gene expression in the prepuberal pig SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pig; ovary; gene C1 [Richardson, R. L.; Barb, C. R.; Lee-Rutherford, L.; Kraeling, R. R.; Hausman, G. J.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Rekaya, R.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 65 EP 66 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400260 ER PT J AU Echternkamp, SE Cushman, RA Christenson, RK AF Echternkamp, S. E. Cushman, R. A. Christenson, R. K. TI Effect of ovulation rate on development of the ovine corpus luteum SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ovulation rate; corpus luteum; sheep C1 [Echternkamp, S. E.; Cushman, R. A.; Christenson, R. K.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 67 EP 67 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400265 ER PT J AU Kubena, LF McReynolds, JL Byrd, JA Anderson, RC Ricke, SC Nisbet, DJ AF Kubena, L. F. McReynolds, J. L. Byrd, J. A. Anderson, R. C. Ricke, S. C. Nisbet, D. J. TI Influence of experimental chlorate product (ECP) in drinking water on environment of the gastrointestinal tract and Salmonella enteritidis (SE) in laying hens during an induced molt SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE laying hens; molting; experimental chlorate product C1 [Kubena, L. F.; McReynolds, J. L.; Byrd, J. A.; Anderson, R. C.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, SPARC, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 69 EP 69 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400274 ER PT J AU Moore, RW Holt, PS AF Moore, R. W. Holt, P. S. TI Effect of molting on in vitro tissue invasion by Salmonella enteritidis SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella enteritidis; molt; invasion C1 [Moore, R. W.; Holt, P. S.] ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 69 EP 69 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400273 ER PT J AU Cox, NA Bailey, JS Cosby, DE Buhr, RJ Richardson, LJ Wilson, JL Bourassa, DV Steffans, WL Ard, MB AF Cox, N. A. Bailey, J. S. Cosby, D. E. Buhr, R. J. Richardson, L. J. Wilson, J. L. Bourassa, D. V. Steffans, W. L. Ard, M. B. TI Attachment of Salmonella and Campylobacter spp., to chicken spermatozoa viewed by scanning electron microscopy SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; Campylobacter; spermatozoa C1 [Cox, N. A.; Bailey, J. S.; Cosby, D. E.; Buhr, R. J.; Richardson, L. J.] USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Wilson, J. L.; Bourassa, D. V.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Steffans, W. L.; Ard, M. B.] Univ Georgia, Dept Vet Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 70 EP 70 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400279 ER PT J AU Kim, WK Donalson, LM Herrera, P Woodward, CL Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ Ricke, SC AF Kim, W. K. Donalson, L. M. Herrera, P. Woodward, C. L. Kubena, L. F. Nisbet, D. J. Ricke, S. C. TI Evaluating bone and eggshell parameters of molted hens at the end of 2(nd) laying cycle compared to non-molted hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE molting; bone parameters; eggshell C1 [Kim, W. K.; Donalson, L. M.; Herrera, P.; Woodward, C. L.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Kubena, L. F.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 70 EP 70 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400277 ER PT J AU Donalson, LM Kim, WK Hererra, P Woodward, CL Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ Ricke, SC AF Donalson, L. M. Kim, W. K. Hererra, P. Woodward, C. L. Kubena, L. F. Nisbet, D. J. Ricke, S. C. TI The influence of a fructooligosaccharide (FOS) prebiotic with feed substrates on in vitro Salmonella typhimurium growth of laying hen cecal bacteria SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE prebiotic; in vitro; Salmonella typhimurium C1 [Donalson, L. M.; Kim, W. K.; Hererra, P.; Woodward, C. L.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Kubena, L. F.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 72 EP 72 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400286 ER PT J AU Karabasil, N Bulajic, S Kim, WK Dunkley, KD Callaway, TR Poole, TL Ricke, SC Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ AF Karabasil, N. Bulajic, S. Kim, W. K. Dunkley, K. D. Callaway, T. R. Poole, T. L. Ricke, S. C. Anderson, R. C. Nisbet, D. J. TI Comparison of antibiotic resistance frequency of Salmonella Typhimurium growth in glucose-limited continuous culture at slow and fast dilution rates SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE antibiotic resistance; Salmonella Typhimurium; continuous culture C1 [Karabasil, N.; Bulajic, S.] Univ Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. [Kim, W. K.; Dunkley, K. D.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Callaway, T. R.; Poole, T. L.; Anderson, R. C.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, FFSRU, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 72 EP 72 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400285 ER PT J AU Nava, GM Davila, V Newberry, L Tellez, G Donoghue, AM Hargis, BM AF Nava, G. M. Davila, V. Newberry, L. Tellez, G. Donoghue, A. M. Hargis, B. M. TI Comparison of Aspergillus meal or inulin prebiatics as substrates for Salmonella or Lactobacilli in vitro SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE prebiotic; Lactobacillus; Salmonella C1 [Nava, G. M.; Newberry, L.; Tellez, G.; Hargis, B. M.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Davila, V.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CEIEPA, FMVZ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, PPPSRU, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. RI Nava, Gerardo/J-9138-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 72 EP 72 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400287 ER PT J AU Saengkerdsub, S Kim, WK Callaway, TR Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ Ricke, SC AF Saengkerdsub, S. Kim, W. K. Callaway, T. R. Anderson, R. C. Nisbet, D. J. Ricke, S. C. TI Effects of nitrocompounds and feedstuffs on in vitro methane production in chicken cecal contents SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE methane; nitrocompound; microbial ecology C1 [Saengkerdsub, S.; Kim, W. K.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Callaway, T. R.; Anderson, R. C.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 73 EP 73 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400290 ER PT J AU Siragusa, GR Cox, NA Bailey, JS Richardson, LJ Buhr, RJ Hiett, KL Cosby, DE Wilson, JL Bourassa, DV AF Siragusa, G. R. Cox, N. A. Bailey, J. S. Richardson, L. J. Buhr, R. J. Hiett, K. L. Cosby, D. E. Wilson, J. L. Bourassa, D. V. TI Incidence of Clostridium perfringens in yolk follicles of broiler breeder hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE clostridium perfringens; broiler breeder hens; yolk follicles C1 [Siragusa, G. R.; Cox, N. A.; Bailey, J. S.; Richardson, L. J.; Buhr, R. J.; Hiett, K. L.; Cosby, D. E.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Wilson, J. L.; Bourassa, D. V.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 73 EP 73 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400291 ER PT J AU Roush, WB Lott, BD Branton, SL AF Roush, W. B. Lott, B. D. Branton, S. L. TI Effect of high flow rate nipple drinkers on the performance of 21 d old male broiler chicks SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE broiler; nipple drinkers; bell drinkers C1 [Roush, W. B.; Branton, S. L.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Lott, B. D.] Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 74 EP 74 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400293 ER PT J AU Virden, WS Zumwalt, CD Thaxton, JP Branton, SL Kidd, MT AF Virden, W. S. Zumwalt, C. D. Thaxton, J. P. Branton, S. L. Kidd, M. T. TI Evaluation of different means of feeding corticosterone to broilers to elicit a stress response SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE broiler; corticosterone; stress C1 [Virden, W. S.; Zumwalt, C. D.; Thaxton, J. P.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Branton, S. L.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 74 EP 75 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400296 ER PT J AU Smith, DP Mauldin, JM Lawrence, KC Park, B Heitschmidt, GW AF Smith, D. P. Mauldin, J. M. Lawrence, K. C. Park, B. Heitschmidt, G. W. TI Detection of early changes in fertile eggs during incubation using a hyperspectral imaging system SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE egg fertility; embryo development; hyperspectral imaging C1 [Smith, D. P.; Lawrence, K. C.; Park, B.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Mauldin, J. M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 75 EP 75 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400298 ER PT J AU Reynnells, R AF Reynnells, R. TI Washington update SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE recognition award; animal well-being; triennial workshop C1 [Reynnells, R.] USDA CSREES, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 79 EP 79 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400311 ER PT J AU Swayne, D AF Swayne, D. TI Avian influenza, vaccines and control SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Avian influenza; vaccine; trade C1 [Swayne, D.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 79 EP 79 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400310 ER PT J AU Cole, NA Schwartz, RC Todd, RW AF Cole, N. A. Schwartz, R. C. Todd, R. W. TI Assimilation vs. accumulation of macro- and micro-nutrients in soils: relations to livestock feeding operations SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE manure nutrients; soil; assimilation C1 [Cole, N. A.; Schwartz, R. C.; Todd, R. W.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 80 EP 80 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400317 ER PT J AU Anderson, RC Jung, YS Byrd, JA Genovese, KJ Callaway, TR Edrington, TS Harvey, RB Nisbet, DJ AF Anderson, R. C. Jung, Y. S. Byrd, J. A. Genovese, K. J. Callaway, T. R. Edrington, T. S. Harvey, R. B. Nisbet, D. J. TI Novel preharvest strategies involving the use of inorganic and nitro-based compounds to prevent colonization of food producing animals by foodborne pathoge SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE food safety; foodborne pathogen; nitrocompound C1 [Anderson, R. C.; Jung, Y. S.; Byrd, J. A.; Genovese, K. J.; Callaway, T. R.; Edrington, T. S.; Harvey, R. B.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 81 EP 81 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400321 ER PT J AU Burrin, D AF Burrin, D. TI Proglucagon: A gene with diverse metabolic functions SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE gut hormone; proglucagon; metabolism C1 [Burrin, D.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 81 EP 81 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400319 ER PT J AU Huff, WE Huff, GR Rath, NC Balog, JM Donoghue, AM AF Huff, W. E. Huff, G. R. Rath, N. C. Balog, J. M. Donoghue, A. M. TI Alternative to Antibiotics - Utilization of bacteriophage to prevent foodborne pathogens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE E. coli; bacteriophage; therapy C1 [Huff, W. E.; Huff, G. R.; Rath, N. C.; Balog, J. M.; Donoghue, A. M.] Univ Arkansas, USDA ARS, PPPSRU Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 81 EP 82 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400322 ER PT J AU Sawalha, RM Keown, JF Kachman, SD Van Vleck, LD AF Sawalha, R. M. Keown, J. F. Kachman, S. D. Van Vleck, L. D. TI An animal model with autoregressive covariance structures among residual and genetic effects for genetic evaluation of Holstein cows with test day records SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE milk yield; test day; autoregression C1 [Keown, J. F.; Kachman, S. D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE USA. [Van Vleck, L. D.] ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 84 EP 84 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400332 ER PT J AU Van Tassell, CP Wiggans, GR Thornton, LLM AF Van Tassell, C. P. Wiggans, G. R. Thornton, L. L. M. TI Impact on calving ease evaluations of excluding herds with abnormal distribution of scores SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE calving difficulty; dystocia; abnormal distribution C1 [Van Tassell, C. P.; Wiggans, G. R.; Thornton, L. L. M.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 84 EP 85 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400334 ER PT J AU Van Vleck, LD Cassady, JP AF Van Vleck, L. D. Cassady, J. P. TI Unexpected estimates of variance components with a true model containing genetic competition effects SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE genetic parameters; pen effects; simulation C1 [Van Vleck, L. D.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Cassady, J. P.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 84 EP 84 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400331 ER PT J AU Abdel-Azim, G Freeman, AE Kehrli, ME Kelm, SC Burton, JL Kuck, AL Schnell, S AF Abdel-Azim, G. Freeman, A. E. Kehrli, M. E. Kelm, S. C. Burton, J. L. Kuck, A. L. Schnell, S. TI Genetic basis and risk factors of infectious and noninfectious diseases in US Holsteins. I. Estimation of genetic parameters for single diseases and general health SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE disease resistance; generalized immunity; genetic evaluation C1 [Abdel-Azim, G.; Kuck, A. L.; Schnell, S.] Cooperat Resources Int, Shawano, WI USA. [Freeman, A. E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. [Kehrli, M. E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Kelm, S. C.] Univ Wisconsin, Anim & Food Sci Dept, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. [Burton, J. L.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 86 EP 86 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400340 ER PT J AU Powell, RL Sanders, AH Norman, HD AF Powell, R. L. Sanders, A. H. Norman, H. D. TI Accuracy and stability of national and international somatic cell score evaluations SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE genetic evaluation; somatic cell score; interbull C1 [Powell, R. L.; Sanders, A. H.; Norman, H. D.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 87 EP 88 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400347 ER PT J AU Burke, JM Brauer, DK Looper, ML AF Burke, J. M. Brauer, D. K. Looper, M. L. TI Calving rate and production responses of long-term exposure to endophyte-infected tall fescue SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef; production; tall fescue C1 [Burke, J. M.; Brauer, D. K.; Looper, M. L.] ARS, USDA, Booneville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 90 EP 90 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400358 ER PT J AU Burke, JM Brauer, DK Looper, ML AF Burke, J. M. Brauer, D. K. Looper, M. L. TI Use of novel endophyte-infected tall fescue for cow-calf production in Arkansas SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef; novel endophyte; tall fescue C1 [Burke, J. M.; Brauer, D. K.; Looper, M. L.] ARS, USDA, Booneville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 91 EP 91 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400362 ER PT J AU Jones, DR Curtis, PA Anderson, KE Jones, FT AF Jones, DR Curtis, PA Anderson, KE Jones, FT TI Microbial contamination in inoculated shell eggs: II. Effects of layer strain and egg storage SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE genetics; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Salmonella enteritidis; shell egg; spoilage ID SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; BACTERIAL SPOILAGE; NATIONAL SUPERMARKETS; HENS; PENETRATION; SELECTION; INFECTION; QUALITY AB Three Ottawa control strains and a current commercial laying stock were reared and housed in the same environment. Eggs were collected at 5 different hen ages throughout the 2 production cycles of the flock. The eggs were inoculated with Salmonella Enteritidis (SE), Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF), a combination of the 2, or sterile buffered peptone water and stored up to 5 wk. After storage at room temperature, contamination levels were determined for the exterior surface, air cell, egg contents, and within the shell. Interior, egg contents, and shell contamination levels of SE and PF increased with storage time. There were no apparent increases in the infectivity of SE or PF in the presence of the other organism. PF was a poor survivor on the shell surface under these storage conditions. Throughout the 5-wk storage, eggs from control strain 10 maintained their microbial integrity more effectively. Eggs from control strain 5 and the current commercial stock were more easily contaminated than the other strains. These data suggest that genetic selection has altered microbiological defenses of the eggs produced. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Jones, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Poultry Proc & Meat Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM drjones@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 83 IS 1 BP 95 EP 100 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 765GM UT WOS:000188258800014 PM 14761090 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Lyon, BG Windham, WR Lyon, CE Savage, EM AF Liu, Y Lyon, BG Windham, WR Lyon, CE Savage, EM TI Principal component analysis of physical, color, and sensory characteristics of chicken breasts deboned at two, four, six, and twenty-four hours postmortem SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler breast; deboning time; principal component analysis; sensory property; tenderness ID ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; SHEAR VALUES; TENDERNESS; MEAT; TEXTURE; TIMES; POULTRY; PROFILE AB The effects of various postchill deboning times on functional, color, yield, and sensory attributes of broiler breast meat were determined. Broiler breast muscles were deboned at 2, 4, 6, and 24 h postmortem, and pH, color change, cooking yield, shear force values, and sensory traits of the breast meat were recorded. Data were examined by multivariate data analysis, namely principal component analysis (PCA). Averages of 13 variables (pH, Deltaa*, shear force, and sensory attributes of cardboardy, wet feathers, springiness, cohesiveness, hardness, moisture release, particle size, bolus size, chewiness, and metallic aftertaste-afterfeel) decreased gradually as deboning time increased from 2 to 24 h, especially for shear values after 4 h of postmortem aging. Univariate correlation coefficients among 24 variables indicated several significant correlations. Warner-Bratzler shear force had high positive correlations with 5 sensory texture attributes (cohesiveness, hardness, particle size, bolus size, and chewiness). The parameters of pH, DeltaL*, Deltaa*, Deltab*, and cooking yield were not obviously correlated with shear force values or any of the 18 sensory characteristics. PCA score plot showed no clear separation of the breast muscles deboned at different postmortem times, but it was still possible to differentiate them. The loading biplot suggested that 18 variables were effective in sample differentiation, including DeltaL*, shear force, cooking yield, 6 sensory flavor attributes (brothy, cardboardy, wet feathers, blood/serumy, salty, and sour), all sensory texture attributes except springiness, and all afterfeel-aftertaste properties. C1 USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Qual Assessment Res Unit, Athens, GA 30613 USA. USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Poultry Proc & Meat Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA USA. RP Lyon, BG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Qual Assessment Res Unit, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30613 USA. EM bglyon@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 7 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 83 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 765GM UT WOS:000188258800015 PM 14761091 ER PT J AU Perry, GA Smith, MF Roberts, AJ MacNeil, MD Geary, TW AF Perry, G. A. Smith, M. F. Roberts, A. J. MacNeil, M. D. Geary, T. W. TI Effect of ovulatory follicle size on pregnancy rates and fetal mortality in beef heifers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE follicle size; pregnancy rates; fetal mortality C1 [Perry, G. A.; Roberts, A. J.; MacNeil, M. D.; Geary, T. W.] ARS, USDA, Miles City, MT USA. [Perry, G. A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Smith, M. F.] Univ Missouri, Dept Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 101 EP 102 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400402 ER PT J AU Buhr, RJ Cox, NA Bailey, JS Wilson, JL Richardson, LJ Cosby, DE Bourassa, DV AF Buhr, R. J. Cox, N. A. Bailey, J. S. Wilson, J. L. Richardson, L. J. Cosby, D. E. Bourassa, D. V. TI Apparent absence of horizontal transmission of Campylobacter among caged broiler breeder roosters SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Campylobacter; broiler breeder roosters; horizontal transmission C1 [Buhr, R. J.; Cox, N. A.; Bailey, J. S.; Richardson, L. J.; Cosby, D. E.; Bourassa, D. V.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Wilson, J. L.; Richardson, L. J.; Bourassa, D. V.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 103 EP 104 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400410 ER PT J AU Byrd, JA Stanker, LH McReynolds, JL Nisbet, DJ AF Byrd, J. A. Stanker, L. H. McReynolds, J. L. Nisbet, D. J. TI The use of biodegradable pellets for the control of Salmonella in broilers during feed withdrawal SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; biodegradable; crop C1 [Byrd, J. A.; McReynolds, J. L.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Stanker, L. H.] ARS, USDA, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 103 EP 103 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400409 ER PT J AU McReynolds, JL Byrd, JA Anderson, RC Edrington, TS Poole, TL Moore, RW Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ AF McReynolds, J. L. Byrd, J. A. Anderson, R. C. Edrington, T. S. Poole, T. L. Moore, R. W. Kubena, L. F. Nisbet, D. J. TI Utilization of an experimental chlorate product in reduction of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Clostridium perfringens; experimental chlorate product; Necrotic Enteritis C1 [McReynolds, J. L.; Byrd, J. A.; Anderson, R. C.; Edrington, T. S.; Poole, T. L.; Kubena, L. F.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Moore, R. W.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 103 EP 103 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400408 ER PT J AU Jarquin, RL Wolfenden, AD Nava, GM Vicente, JL Sartor, CD Donoghue, AM Hargis, BM AF Jarquin, R. L. Wolfenden, A. D. Nava, G. M. Vicente, J. L. Sartor, C. D. Donoghue, A. M. Hargis, B. M. TI Evaluation of an organic acid mixture to reduce Salmonella enteritidis in the chicken crop SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; crop; organic acids C1 [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, PPPSRU, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Jarquin, R. L.; Wolfenden, A. D.; Nava, G. M.; Vicente, J. L.; Sartor, C. D.; Hargis, B. M.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 104 EP 104 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400414 ER PT J AU Solis, F Balog, JM Tellez, G Higgins, S Torrez, A Donoghue, AM Anthony, NB AF Solis, F. Balog, J. M. Tellez, G. Higgins, S. Torrez, A. Donoghue, A. M. Anthony, N. B. TI Effects of Aspergillus meal prebiotic on gut development and ascites mortality SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ascites; prebiotic; gut development C1 [Solis, F.; Tellez, G.; Higgins, S.; Torrez, A.; Anthony, N. B.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Balog, J. M.; Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, USDA, PP&PSR, Fayetteville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 104 EP 104 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400411 ER PT J AU Torres-Rodriguez, A Sartor, CD Higgins, SE Wolfenden, AD Bielke, LR Pixley, CM Donoghue, AM Tellez, G Hargis, BM AF Torres-Rodriguez, A. Sartor, C. D. Higgins, S. E. Wolfenden, A. D. Bielke, L. R. Pixley, C. M. Donoghue, A. M. Tellez, G. Hargis, B. M. TI Effect of dietary administration of Aspergillus meal on broiler chick performance with low protein diets SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Aspergillus meal; prebiotic; low protein diets C1 [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Torres-Rodriguez, A.; Sartor, C. D.; Higgins, S. E.; Wolfenden, A. D.; Bielke, L. R.; Pixley, C. M.; Tellez, G.; Hargis, B. M.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 104 EP 104 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400413 ER PT J AU Wolfenden, AD Henderson, SN Jarquin, RL Nava, GM Bielke, LR Vicente, JL Tellez, GI Donoghue, DJ Donoghue, AM Hargis, BM AF Wolfenden, A. D. Henderson, S. N. Jarquin, R. L. Nava, G. M. Bielke, L. R. Vicente, J. L. Tellez, G. I. Donoghue, D. J. Donoghue, A. M. Hargis, B. M. TI Salmonella and lactobacilli growth in a simulated crop model using chicken or turkey feeds SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE crop; Salmonella; lactobacilli C1 [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, PPPSRU, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Wolfenden, A. D.; Henderson, S. N.; Jarquin, R. L.; Nava, G. M.; Bielke, L. R.; Vicente, J. L.; Tellez, G. I.; Donoghue, D. J.; Hargis, B. M.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 104 EP 104 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400412 ER PT J AU Cole, K Holliman, JS Blore, PJ Donoghue, AM Donoghue, DJ AF Cole, K. Holliman, J. S. Blore, P. J. Donoghue, A. M. Donoghue, D. J. TI Isolation and prevalence of Campylobacter in the reproductive tracts and semen of commercial turkeys SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Campylobacter; turkeys; reproductive tract C1 [Cole, K.; Holliman, J. S.; Blore, P. J.; Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Prod & Product Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 105 EP 105 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400416 ER PT J AU Dunkley, KD Kundinger, MN Dunkley, CS Callaway, TR Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ Ricke, SC AF Dunkley, K. D. Kundinger, M. N. Dunkley, C. S. Callaway, T. R. Anderson, R. C. Nisbet, D. J. Ricke, S. C. TI Cell yield and genetic reponse in Salmonella Typhimurium in a continuous culture during shifts in pH SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; continuous flow culture; virulence C1 [Dunkley, K. D.; Kundinger, M. N.; Dunkley, C. S.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Callaway, T. R.; Anderson, R. C.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 105 EP 105 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400415 ER PT J AU Henderson, SN Wolfenden, AD Jarquin, RL Nava, GM Byrd, JA Hargis, BM AF Henderson, S. N. Wolfenden, A. D. Jarquin, R. L. Nava, G. M. Byrd, J. A. Hargis, B. M. TI Evaluation of the effect of fish meal supplementation on Salmonella enteritidis growth in chick starter in vitro SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; crop; fish meal C1 [Henderson, S. N.; Wolfenden, A. D.; Jarquin, R. L.; Nava, G. M.; Hargis, B. M.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Byrd, J. A.] ARS, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX USA. RI Nava, Gerardo/J-9138-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 105 EP 105 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400417 ER PT J AU Basenko, EY Park, SW Peebles, ED Branton, SL Maurice, DV Whitmarsh, SK Gerard, PD AF Basenko, E. Y. Park, S. W. Peebles, E. D. Branton, S. L. Maurice, D. V. Whitmarsh, S. K. Gerard, P. D. TI Egg characteristics of commercial egg laying hens between 20 and 58 weeks of age when inoculated with the S6-strain of Mycoplasma gallisepticumat 10, 22, or 45 weeks of age SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE egg characteristics; lipid; Mycoplasma gallisepticum C1 [Basenko, E. Y.; Park, S. W.; Peebles, E. D.; Whitmarsh, S. K.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Branton, S. L.] USDA ARS, SCPRL, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Maurice, D. V.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Gerard, P. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Expt Stat Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RI Basenko, Evelina/G-8701-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 108 EP 108 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400430 ER PT J AU Nava, GM Pixley, CM Jarquin, RL Sartor, CD Vicente, JL Tellez, G Donoghue, AM Hargis, BM AF Nava, G. M. Pixley, C. M. Jarquin, R. L. Sartor, C. D. Vicente, J. L. Tellez, G. Donoghue, A. M. Hargis, B. M. TI Reduction of Salmonella enteritidis infection by therapeutic administration of Lactobacillus probiotic culture SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; probiotic; Lactobacilli C1 [Nava, G. M.; Pixley, C. M.; Jarquin, R. L.; Sartor, C. D.; Vicente, J. L.; Tellez, G.; Hargis, B. M.] Univ Arkansas, Ctr Excellence Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, USDA, PPPSRU, Fayetteville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 108 EP 109 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400431 ER PT J AU Rath, N Huff, W Balog, J Huff, G AF Rath, N. Huff, W. Balog, J. Huff, G. TI Experimental induction of tibial dyschondroplasia in chickens using a short regimen of feeding with thiram SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE tibial dyschondroplasia; thiram; chicken C1 [Rath, N.; Huff, W.; Balog, J.; Huff, G.] Univ Arkansas, Poultry Sci Ctr, ARS, USDA, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 109 EP 109 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400432 ER PT J AU Archibeque, SL Freetly, HC Cole, NA Ferrell, CL AF Archibeque, S. L. Freetly, H. C. Cole, N. A. Ferrell, C. L. TI Oscillating protein concentrations of finishing beef cattle diets improves nitrogen retention by improving nitrogen digestibility SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE heat production; oscillation; metabolism C1 [Archibeque, S. L.; Freetly, H. C.; Ferrell, C. L.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Cole, N. A.] ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 116 EP 116 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400462 ER PT J AU Smith, RM AF Smith, R. M. TI What are extension's roles in the early detection of agro-terrorism events? SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE extension; diagnostics; agro-terrorism C1 [Smith, R. M.] USDA, CSREES, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 121 EP 121 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400481 ER PT J AU Kraeling, RR Bush, EJ DargatZ, DA Wineland, NE Ladely, S Fedorka-Cray, PJ AF Kraeling, R. R. Bush, E. J. DargatZ, D. A. Wineland, N. E. Ladely, S. Fedorka-Cray, P. J. TI A USDA multi-agency project: Collaboration in animal health, food safety & epidemiology (CAHFSE) SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE swine; food safety; antimicrobial susceptibility C1 [Kraeling, R. R.; Ladely, S.; Fedorka-Cray, P. J.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Bush, E. J.; DargatZ, D. A.; Wineland, N. E.] USDA, APHIS VS, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 125 EP 125 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400499 ER PT J AU Reyes-Herrera, I Schneider, MJ Cole, K Blore, PJ Donoghue, DJ AF Reyes-Herrera, I. Schneider, M. J. Cole, K. Blore, P. J. Donoghue, D. J. TI Monitoring the safety of edible poultry tissues: Antibiotic residue concentrations can vary between different muscle tissues SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE enrofloxacin residues; muscle tissues; chicken C1 [Reyes-Herrera, I.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Schneider, M. J.] USDA ARS, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 125 EP 125 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400500 ER PT J AU Callaway, TR Stahl, CH Edrington, TS Genovese, KJ Lincoln, LM Anderson, RC Harvey, RB Nisbet, DJ AF Callaway, T. R. Stahl, C. H. Edrington, T. S. Genovese, K. J. Lincoln, L. M. Anderson, R. C. Harvey, R. B. Nisbet, D. J. TI Colicin El, N and A treatment inhibits growth of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 strains in vitro SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE E. coli O157 : H7; intervention strategy; colicin C1 [Callaway, T. R.; Edrington, T. S.; Genovese, K. J.; Anderson, R. C.; Harvey, R. B.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Stahl, C. H.; Lincoln, L. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 126 EP 126 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400504 ER PT J AU Young, LL Smith, DP AF Young, LL Smith, DP TI Effect of vacuum on moisture absorption and retention by marinated broiler fillets SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chicken; poultry; marinate; meat ID CHICKEN BREAST MEAT; WARNER-BRATZLER; QUALITY; COLOR; POLYPHOSPHATE; TENDERNESS; TIME AB Effects of vacuum on moisture retention and quality characteristics of aged chicken breast fillets were evaluated. One hundred twenty-eight broilers (2 replicates of 64 birds each) were manually slaughtered, chilled in ice water, placed in unsealed plastic bags, and then aged overnight at 4degreesC. Both pectoralis major muscles were harvested from each carcass. Left muscles were marinated for 30 min en vacuo with 20% (vol/wt) of a 10% NaCl (wt/vol) solution containing 4% (wt/vol) commercial food-grade polyphosphate. Right fillets were marinated similarly but without vacuum. Moisture absorption, cooked yield, pH change during marination, and shear values of vacuum-marinated fillets were compared to those on fillets marinated without vacuum. Use of vacuum during marination increased moisture absorption during marination, but after cooking, yields were similar. Nor did vacuum effect pH or shear values. Under the conditions of this study, use of vacuum during marination appeared to offer no significant advantage over marination at atmospheric pressure. C1 USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, PPMQ, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Young, LL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, PPMQ, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM lyoung@saa.ars.usda.gov; eciuno@mindspring.com NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 83 IS 1 BP 129 EP 131 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 765GM UT WOS:000188258800019 PM 14761095 ER PT J AU Connor, EE Capuco, AV Sonstegard, TS AF Connor, E. E. Capuco, A. V. Sonstegard, T. S. TI Use of serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) for gene transcript profiling in lactating bovine mammary gland SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE mammary gland; gene expression; cattle C1 [Connor, E. E.; Capuco, A. V.; Sonstegard, T. S.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 131 EP 131 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400523 ER PT J AU Kendall, DC Fent, RW Fu, SX Usry, JL Carroll, JA Allee, GL AF Kendall, D. C. Fent, R. W. Fu, S. X. Usry, J. L. Carroll, J. A. Allee, G. L. TI The effect of dietary protein on growth performance and fecal consistency of 9 to 24 kg pigs following an enteric challenge with K88 E. coli SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pigs; E. coli; protein C1 [Kendall, D. C.; Fent, R. W.; Fu, S. X.; Allee, G. L.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Usry, J. L.] Ajinimoto Heartland LLC, Chicago, IL USA. [Carroll, J. A.] USDA ARS, Anim Physiol Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 138 EP 138 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400551 ER PT J AU Lombard, JE Byrem, T McCluskey, BJ AF Lombard, J. E. Byrem, T. McCluskey, B. J. TI Comparison of paired milk and serum ELISA for diagnosis of Johnes disease in dairy cattle SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Johne's; milk ELISA; diagnostics C1 [Lombard, J. E.; McCluskey, B. J.] Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, USDA APHIS VS, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Lombard, J. E.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Byrem, T.] Antel Biosyst Inc, Lansing, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400562 ER PT J AU Lombard, JE McCluskey, BJ Ott, SL Garry, FB AF Lombard, J. E. McCluskey, B. J. Ott, S. L. Garry, F. B. TI Financial costs of Johne's disease on US dairy operations SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Johne's; dairy; economics C1 [Lombard, J. E.; McCluskey, B. J.; Ott, S. L.] Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, USDA APHIS VS, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Lombard, J. E.; Garry, F. B.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400563 ER PT J AU Lombard, JE Dinsmore, RP Wenz, JR Tapp, C AF Lombard, J. E. Dinsmore, R. P. Wenz, J. R. Tapp, C. TI Evaluation of the association between bulk tank somatic cell count and management practices on US dairy operations; Results from the NAHMS dairy 2002 study SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE milk; SCC; management C1 [Lombard, J. E.] Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, USDA APHIS VS, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Lombard, J. E.; Dinsmore, R. P.; Wenz, J. R.; Tapp, C.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400561 ER PT J AU Zartman, DL Rotz, CA Crandall, KL AF Zartman, D. L. Rotz, C. A. Crandall, K. L. TI Economic and environmental feasibility of a continuous four-year lactation model SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE perennial; lactation; long-term C1 [Zartman, D. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Rotz, C. A.] USDA ARS, University Pk, PA USA. [Crandall, K. L.] DHI Comput Serv, Provo, UT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 142 EP 142 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400565 ER PT J AU Patterson, PH Hulet, RM Cravener, TL Hester, PY Kleinman, PJ Sharpley, N AF Patterson, P. H. Hulet, R. M. Cravener, T. L. Hester, P. Y. Kleinman, P. J. Sharpley, N. TI Heavy tom strains fed low calcium and phosphorus diets supplemented with phytase 2. Impact on litter total P, soluble P and bone integrity SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Turkey; litter; phosphorus C1 [Patterson, P. H.; Hulet, R. M.; Cravener, T. L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hester, P. Y.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kleinman, P. J.; Sharpley, N.] USDA ARS, University Pk, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 143 EP 143 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400569 ER PT J AU Cox, NA Bailey, JS Richardson, LJ Buhr, RJ Hiett, KL Cosby, DE Wilson, JL Siragusa, GR Bourassa, DV Musgrove, MT AF Cox, N. A. Bailey, J. S. Richardson, L. J. Buhr, R. J. Hiett, K. L. Cosby, D. E. Wilson, J. L. Siragusa, G. R. Bourassa, D. V. Musgrove, M. T. TI Detection of Campylobacter and Salmonella in the mature and immature ovarian follicles of late-life broiler breeder hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Campylobacter; Salmonella; ovarian follicles C1 [Cox, N. A.; Bailey, J. S.; Richardson, L. J.; Buhr, R. J.; Hiett, K. L.; Cosby, D. E.; Siragusa, G. R.; Musgrove, M. T.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Wilson, J. L.; Bourassa, D. V.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 145 EP 145 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400577 ER PT J AU Lilburn, MS Mitchell, A Pierson, EEM AF Lilburn, M. S. Mitchell, A. Pierson, E. E. M. TI The effects of supplemental enzyme (AVIZYME 1502) and phytase (PHYZYME) on phosphorus nutrition in broiler breeders SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE broiler breeders; phosphorus; phytase C1 [Lilburn, M. S.] Ohio State Univ, Wooster, OH USA. [Mitchell, A.] USDA, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pierson, E. E. M.] Danisco Anim Nutr, St Louis, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 145 EP 145 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400576 ER PT J AU Lilburn, MS Mitchell, A AF Lilburn, M. S. Mitchell, A. TI The effect of daily photoperiod on growth of commercial broilers. 3. Skeletal development SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE bone; photoperiod; calcium C1 [Lilburn, M. S.] Ohio State Univ, Wooster, OH USA. [Mitchell, A.] USDA, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 146 EP 146 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400580 ER PT J AU Miles, DM Owens, PR Rowe, DE Branton, SL AF Miles, D. M. Owens, P. R. Rowe, D. E. Branton, S. L. TI Spatial disparity of ammonia flux within a broiler house at one and 21 days of age SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ammonia; broiler; emissions C1 [Miles, D. M.; Owens, P. R.; Rowe, D. E.] USDA ARS, Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Branton, S. L.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 146 EP 146 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400581 ER PT J AU Rolon, A Bailey, JS Holt, PS Hofacre, CL Wilson, JL Cosby, DE Richardson, LJ Cox, NA AF Rolon, A. Bailey, J. S. Holt, P. S. Hofacre, C. L. Wilson, J. L. Cosby, D. E. Richardson, L. J. Cox, N. A. TI Salmonella vaccination programs in broiler breeders. I. Humoral and mucosal immune response SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; vaccination; immune response C1 [Rolon, A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bailey, J. S.; Holt, P. S.; Wilson, J. L.; Cosby, D. E.; Richardson, L. J.; Cox, N. A.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Hofacre, C. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Avian Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 146 EP 146 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400582 ER PT J AU Rolon, A Bailey, JS Holt, PS Hofacre, CL Wilson, JL Cosby, DE Richardson, LJ Cox, NA AF Rolon, A. Bailey, J. S. Holt, P. S. Hofacre, C. L. Wilson, J. L. Cosby, D. E. Richardson, L. J. Cox, N. A. TI Salmonella vaccination programs in broiler breeders. II. Resistance to challenge under a multiple marker strain model SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; broiler breeders; competitive exclusion C1 [Rolon, A.; Hofacre, C. L.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bailey, J. S.; Holt, P. S.; Wilson, J. L.; Cosby, D. E.; Richardson, L. J.; Cox, N. A.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 146 EP 147 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400583 ER PT J AU Proudman, JA Siopes, TD AF Proudman, J. A. Siopes, T. D. TI Programming of photorefractoriness: The turkey breeder hen is not like a tree sparrow SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE photorefractoriness; turkey; photoperiod C1 [Proudman, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Siopes, T. D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 153 EP 153 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400612 ER PT J AU Bourassa, DV Buhr, RJ Fletcher, DL Berrang, ME Cason, JA AF Bourassa, D. V. Buhr, R. J. Fletcher, D. L. Berrang, M. E. Cason, J. A. TI Enrichment pH impact on salmonellae recovery from TSP-treated broiler carcasses SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE trisodium phosphate; salmonellae; pH C1 [Bourassa, D. V.; Fletcher, D. L.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bourassa, D. V.; Buhr, R. J.; Berrang, M. E.; Cason, J. A.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 155 EP 155 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400619 ER PT J AU Cason, JA Berrang, ME Smith, DP AF Cason, J. A. Berrang, M. E. Smith, D. P. TI Recovery of bacteria from broiler carcasses rinsed 0 or 24 hours after chilling SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE carcass rinse; coliforms; E. coli C1 [Cason, J. A.; Berrang, M. E.; Smith, D. P.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 155 EP 155 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400620 ER PT J AU Northcutt, JK Smith, DP Musgrove, MT Ingram, KD Hinton, A AF Northcutt, J. K. Smith, D. P. Musgrove, M. T. Ingram, K. D. Hinton, A., Jr. TI Effects of spray washing with various chlorine levels and water temperatures on skin color and microbiology of broiler carcasses SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE inside-outside bird washer; chlorine; carcass contamination C1 [Northcutt, J. K.; Smith, D. P.; Musgrove, M. T.; Ingram, K. D.; Hinton, A., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 155 EP 155 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400618 ER PT J AU Smith, DP Northcutt, JK Musgrove, MT AF Smith, D. P. Northcutt, J. K. Musgrove, M. T. TI Effect of a commercial inside-outside bird washer (IOBW) on Campylobacter, Salmonella, E-coli, and aerobic plate counts (APC) of uncontaminated, contaminated, and cross-contaminated broiler carcasses SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE inside-outside bird washer; fecal contamination; broiler carcass C1 [Smith, D. P.; Northcutt, J. K.; Musgrove, M. T.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 155 EP 155 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400617 ER PT J AU Anderson, KE Patterson, PH Koelkebeck, KW Darre, MJ Carey, JB Ahn, DU Ernst, RA Kuney, DR Jones, DR AF Anderson, K. E. Patterson, P. H. Koelkebeck, K. W. Darre, M. J. Carey, J. B. Ahn, D. U. Ernst, R. A. Kuney, D. R. Jones, D. R. TI National egg temperature survey: 3. Transport SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE egg transport; egg temperatures; shell eggs C1 [Anderson, K. E.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Patterson, P. H.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Koelkebeck, K. W.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Darre, M. J.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. [Carey, J. B.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Ahn, D. U.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Ernst, R. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kuney, D. R.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Jones, D. R.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 156 EP 157 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400625 ER PT J AU Musgrove, MT Jones, DR Northcutt, JK Harrison, MA Cox, NA AF Musgrove, M. T. Jones, D. R. Northcutt, J. K. Harrison, M. A. Cox, N. A. TI Impact of commercial processing on the microbiological safety and quality of shell eggs SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE shell eggs; processing; bacteria C1 [Musgrove, M. T.; Harrison, M. A.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Musgrove, M. T.; Jones, D. R.; Northcutt, J. K.; Cox, N. A.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 157 EP 157 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400626 ER PT J AU Musgrove, MT Jones, DR Northcutt, JK Cox, NA Harrison, MA AF Musgrove, M. T. Jones, D. R. Northcutt, J. K. Cox, N. A. Harrison, M. A. TI Identification of Enterobacteriaceae and related organisms from rinses of eggs collected during processing in commercial shell egg processing plants in the southeastern United States SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE shell eggs; processing; Enterobacteriaceae C1 [Musgrove, M. T.; Jones, D. R.; Northcutt, J. K.; Cox, N. A.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Musgrove, M. T.; Harrison, M. A.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 157 EP 157 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400627 ER PT J AU Poole, T McReynolds, J Callaway, T Nisbet, D AF Poole, T. McReynolds, J. Callaway, T. Nisbet, D. TI Acquisition and persistence of a high level macrolide resistant Veillonella sp without selection pressure SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE antibiotic resistance; macrolide; anaerobe C1 [Poole, T.; McReynolds, J.; Callaway, T.; Nisbet, D.] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 166 EP 166 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400657 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, MA Franklin, SL Carlson, SA AF Rasmussen, M. A. Franklin, S. L. Carlson, S. A. TI Predation survival in rumen protozoa enhances Salmonella virulence SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; rumen protozoa; virulence C1 [Rasmussen, M. A.; Franklin, S. L.; Carlson, S. A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 166 EP 166 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400658 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, MA Casey, TA Petrich, JW AF Rasmussen, M. A. Casey, T. A. Petrich, J. W. TI Meat carcass inspection using fluorescence of dietary porphyrins SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE feces; fluorescence; carcass inspection C1 [Rasmussen, M. A.; Casey, T. A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Petrich, J. W.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RI Petrich, Jacob/L-1005-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 166 EP 167 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400660 ER PT J AU Wells, JE Yen, JT Miller, DN AF Wells, J. E. Yen, J. T. Miller, D. N. TI Effect of dry skim milk on fecal bacterial populations and Salmonella shedding in growing-finishing swine SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE gut and microbes; dry skin milk; swine C1 [Wells, J. E.; Yen, J. T.; Miller, D. N.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 174 EP 175 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400694 ER PT J AU Daniel, JA Elsasser, TH Epperson, W AF Daniel, J. A. Elsasser, T. H. Epperson, W. TI Elevation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein in lambs with consolidation of lung tissue SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE lambs; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; alphal-acid glycoprotein C1 [Daniel, J. A.; Epperson, W.] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Elsasser, T. H.] USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 179 EP 179 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400713 ER PT J AU Elsasser, TH Kahl, S AF Elsasser, T. H. Kahl, S. TI Failure to down regulate tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) responses to repeated endotoxin (LIPS) challenge in subpopulations of cattle constitutes a pathophysiologically relevant marker of risk for increased morbidity to disease SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE endotoxin; immune tolerance; regulation C1 [Elsasser, T. H.; Kahl, S.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 179 EP 179 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400714 ER PT J AU Kahl, S Elsasser, TH AF Kahl, S. Elsasser, T. H. TI Exogenous testosterone (T) modulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and acute phase proteins (APP) responses to repeated endotoxin (LPS) challenge in steers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE acute phase proteins; endotoxin; testosterone C1 [Kahl, S.; Elsasser, T. H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 180 EP 180 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400715 ER PT J AU Shappell, NW Billey, LO AF Shappell, N. W. Billey, L. O. TI Assessment of Tasco (TM) and YCWP on ergovaline toxicity in Caco-2 SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ergovaline; yeast cell wall prep; Tasco C1 [Shappell, N. W.; Billey, L. O.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 181 EP 181 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400721 ER PT J AU Shappell, NW Smith, DJ AF Shappell, N. W. Smith, D. J. TI Ergovaline transport across human gastrointestinal cells (Caco-2) SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ergovaline; fescue toxicosis; Caco-2 C1 [Shappell, N. W.; Smith, D. J.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 181 EP 181 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400720 ER PT J AU Bannerman, D Paape, M Lee, JW Zhao, X Hope, J Rainard, P AF Bannerman, D. Paape, M. Lee, J-W. Zhao, X. Hope, J. Rainard, P. TI Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus elicit differential innate immune responses following intramammary infection SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE mastitis; innate immunity; inflammation C1 [Bannerman, D.; Paape, M.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Lee, J-W.; Zhao, X.] McGill Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ, Canada. [Rainard, P.] Inst Natl Rech Agron, Nouzilly, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 183 EP 183 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400728 ER PT J AU Huff, GR Huff, WE Beasley, JN Johnson, MG Nannapaneni, R Balog, JM Rath, NC AF Huff, G. R. Huff, W. E. Beasley, J. N. Johnson, M. G. Nannapaneni, R. Balog, J. M. Rath, N. C. TI Pathology of listeriosis resulting from respiratory infection of turkey poults with Listeria monocytogenes Scott SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE listeria monocytogenes; respiratory infection; turkeys C1 [Huff, G. R.; Huff, W. E.; Balog, J. M.; Rath, N. C.] USDA ARS, PPPSRU, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Beasley, J. N.; Johnson, M. G.; Nannapaneni, R.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 184 EP 184 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400735 ER PT J AU Ameiss, K Jenkins, M Danforth, H Barri, A Caldwell, D AF Ameiss, K. Jenkins, M. Danforth, H. Barri, A. Caldwell, D. TI Development of an antigen specific indirect ELISA for Eimeria using recombinant antigen EASZ240 from Eimeria acervulina SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE indirect ELISA; Eimeria; recombinant antigen C1 [Ameiss, K.; Barri, A.; Caldwell, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Jenkins, M.; Danforth, H.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 185 EP 185 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400738 ER PT J AU Thornton, SA Pharr, GT Corzo, A Branton, SL Kidd, MT AF Thornton, S. A. Pharr, G. T. Corzo, A. Branton, S. L. Kidd, M. T. TI Valine needs for immune responses in male broilers from day 21 to 42 SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE broiler; immunity; valine C1 [Thornton, S. A.; Pharr, G. T.; Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Branton, S. L.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 186 EP 186 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400744 ER PT J AU Sohn, EJ Paape, MJ Peters, RR Bannerman, DD AF Sohn, E. J. Paape, M. J. Peters, R. R. Bannerman, D. D. TI Anti-rbosCD14 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) inhibits in vitro production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by bovine monocytes following stimulation with LPS SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE endotoxin; CD14; TNF-alpha C1 [Sohn, E. J.; Peters, R. R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Paape, M. J.; Bannerman, D. D.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 187 EP 187 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400745 ER PT J AU Cisar, CR Balog, JM Lay, JO Anthony, NB Donoghue, AM AF Cisar, C. R. Balog, J. M. Lay, J. O., Jr. Anthony, N. B. Donoghue, A. M. TI Steady-state levels of mitochondrial phosphoproteins in broilers with and without pulmonary hypertension syndrome SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pulmonary hypertension syndrome; mitochondria; phosphoprotein C1 [Cisar, C. R.; Balog, J. M.; Donoghue, A. M.] USDA ARS, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Lay, J. O., Jr.; Anthony, N. B.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 188 EP 188 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400750 ER PT J AU Richards, M Poch, S McMurtry, J AF Richards, M. Poch, S. McMurtry, J. TI Characterization and expression of the avian ghrelin gene SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ghrelin; gene expression; feed intake C1 [Richards, M.; Poch, S.; McMurtry, J.] ARS, USDA, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 191 EP 191 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400762 ER PT J AU Rosebrough, RW Russell, BA Poch, SM Richards, MP AF Rosebrough, R. W. Russell, B. A. Poch, S. M. Richards, M. P. TI Time course of thyroid hormone replacement and lipogenic enzyme gene expression in broilers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE lipogenesis; thyroid; gene C1 [Rosebrough, R. W.; Russell, B. A.; Poch, S. M.; Richards, M. P.] ARS, USDA, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 191 EP 191 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400764 ER PT J AU Lu, J McMurtry, JP Coon, CN AF Lu, J. McMurtry, J. P. Coon, C. N. TI Developmental changes of plasma insulin, glucagon, IGF-I, IGF-II, thyroid hormones, and glucose concentration in chick embryo SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE chick embryo; hormones; developmental change C1 [Lu, J.; Coon, C. N.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [McMurtry, J. P.] USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 192 EP 193 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400769 ER PT J AU Mitchell, A Angel, R AF Mitchell, A. Angel, R. TI Bone density measurements in broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE bone mineral; chickens; DXA C1 [Mitchell, A.] USDA ARS, College Pk, MD USA. [Angel, R.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 192 EP 192 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400766 ER PT J AU Chase, CC Riley, DG Elsasser, TH Spicer, LJ Lucy, MC Coleman, SW Olson, TA AF Chase, C. C., Jr. Riley, D. G. Elsasser, T. H. Spicer, L. J. Lucy, M. C. Coleman, S. W. Olson, T. A. TI Effect of insulin and growth hormone administration to mature miniature Brahman cattle on circulating concentrations of metabolic hormones and metabolites SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE miniature cattle; GH; IGF-I C1 [Chase, C. C., Jr.; Riley, D. G.; Coleman, S. W.] ARS, USDA, Brooksville, FL USA. [Elsasser, T. H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Spicer, L. J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Lucy, M. C.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Olson, T. A.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 193 EP 193 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400772 ER PT J AU Peterson, B Waldbieser, G Bilodeau, L AF Peterson, B. Waldbieser, G. Bilodeau, L. TI Muscle and liver IGF-I mRNA expression and plasma IGF-I levels in channel catfish administered rbGH over time SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE IGF-I; real time PCR; channel catfish C1 [Peterson, B.; Waldbieser, G.; Bilodeau, L.] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 194 EP 194 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400774 ER PT J AU Small, BC AF Small, B. C. TI Effects of short-term fasting on channel catfish growth and nychthemeral concentrations of plasma GH, IGF-I, and cortisol SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE channel catfish; fasting; hormone profiles C1 [Small, B. C.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 195 EP 195 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400779 ER PT J AU McCormack, BL Agca, C Chase, CC Olson, TA Elsasser, TH Hammond, AC Welsh, TH Lucy, MC AF McCormack, B. L. Agca, C. Chase, C. C., Jr. Olson, T. A. Elsasser, T. H. Hammond, A. C. Welsh, T. H., Jr. Lucy, M. C. TI A miniature condition in Brahman cattle is associated with a single nucleotide mutation within the growth hormone gene SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE GH; mutation; growth C1 [McCormack, B. L.; Agca, C.; Lucy, M. C.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Chase, C. C., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Brooksville, FL USA. [Olson, T. A.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Elsasser, T. H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hammond, A. C.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Welsh, T. H., Jr.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 199 EP 199 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400794 ER PT J AU Caperna, TJ Shannon, AE Poch, SM Garrett, WM Richards, MP AF Caperna, T. J. Shannon, A. E. Poch, S. M. Garrett, W. M. Richards, M. P. TI Hormonal regulation of leptin receptor expression in primary cultures of porcine hepatocytes SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pig hepatocytes; leptin receptor; T3 C1 [Caperna, T. J.; Shannon, A. E.; Poch, S. M.; Garrett, W. M.; Richards, M. P.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 200 EP 200 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400799 ER PT J AU Hausman, GJ Poulos, SP Richardson, LR Barb, R Andacht, T Mynatt, R Pecot, H Crandall, D Hreha, A AF Hausman, G. J. Poulos, S. P. Richardson, L. R. Barb, R. Andacht, T. Mynatt, R. Pecot, H. Crandall, D. Hreha, A. TI Secreted and signaling genes and proteins in fetal and neonatal pig adipose tissue and stromal-vascular cells SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE adipocytes; microarrays; proteomics C1 [Hausman, G. J.; Poulos, S. P.; Richardson, L. R.; Barb, R.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Andacht, T.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mynatt, R.; Pecot, H.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Crandall, D.; Hreha, A.] Wyeth Res Labs, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 200 EP 201 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400801 ER PT J AU Ramsay, TG Richards, MP AF Ramsay, T. G. Richards, M. P. TI Regulation of leptin and leptin receptor expression in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE leptin; leptin receptor; adipose C1 [Ramsay, T. G.; Richards, M. P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 200 EP 200 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400800 ER PT J AU Weber, TE Gregory, DJ Bosworth, BG AF Weber, T. E. Gregory, D. J. Bosworth, B. G. TI Regulation of myostatin (MSTN) and MyoD expression with acute inflammatory challenge in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE catfish; MyoD; myostatin C1 [Weber, T. E.; Gregory, D. J.; Bosworth, B. G.] ARS, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 203 EP 203 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400811 ER PT J AU Hadsell, DL Torrres, DT George, J Shelton, GS Fiorotto, ML AF Hadsell, D. L. Torrres, D. T. George, J. Shelton, G. S. Fiorotto, M. L. TI Lactation persistence is enhanced in transgenic mice overexpressing des(1-3)hIGF-I in the mammary gland SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ICF; transgenic; persistence C1 [Hadsell, D. L.; Torrres, D. T.; George, J.; Shelton, G. S.; Fiorotto, M. L.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Hadsell, D. L.; Torrres, D. T.; George, J.; Shelton, G. S.; Fiorotto, M. L.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 204 EP 204 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400816 ER PT J AU Connor, EE Rius, AG Auchtung, TL Wood, DL Kendall, PE Dahl, GE Capuco, AV AF Connor, E. E. Rius, A. G. Auchtung, T. L. Wood, D. L. Kendall, P. E. Dahl, G. E. Capuco, A. V. TI Long days do not alter mammary growth in prepubertal heifers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE photoperiod; Heifer; mammary growth C1 [Connor, E. E.; Wood, D. L.; Capuco, A. V.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Rius, A. G.; Auchtung, T. L.; Kendall, P. E.; Dahl, G. E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 206 EP 206 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400822 ER PT J AU Vasconcelos, JT Greene, LW Cole, NA McCollum, FT AF Vasconcelos, J. T. Greene, L. W. Cole, N. A. McCollum, F. T., III TI Effects of phase feeding of protein on performance, blood urea N, manure N : P ratio, and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE feedlot; nitrogen; environment C1 [Vasconcelos, J. T.; Greene, L. W.; McCollum, F. T., III] Texas A&M Univ, Ctr Agr Res & Extens, College Stn, TX USA. [Cole, N. A.] ARS, USDA, Bushland, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 207 EP 207 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400828 ER PT J AU Oba, M Baldwin, RL Owens, SL Bequette, BJ AF Oba, M. Baldwin, R. L. V., I Owens, S. L. Bequette, B. J. TI Utilization of ammonia-N by ruminal epithelial and duodenal mucosal cells isolated from growing sheep SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ruminal epithelial cells; duodenal mucosal cells; ammonia detoxification C1 [Oba, M.; Owens, S. L.; Bequette, B. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Baldwin, R. L. V., I] USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 219 EP 219 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400877 ER PT J AU Wildeus, S Turner, KE Collins, JR AF Wildeus, S. Turner, K. E. Collins, J. R. TI Effect of species and breed within species on forage intake and growth in hair sheep lambs and meat goat kids offered alfalfa and grass hay diets with a corn-based supplement SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE small ruminants; forage feeding; growth C1 [Wildeus, S.; Collins, J. R.] Virginia State Univ, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. [Turner, K. E.] USDA ARS, AFSRC, Beaver, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 223 EP 223 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400893 ER PT J AU Van Hekken, DL Tunick, MH Tomasula, PM Molina-Corral, FJ Gardea, AA AF Van Hekken, D. L. Tunick, M. H. Tomasula, P. M. Molina-Corral, F. J. Gardea, A. A. TI Effect of aging on the proteolytic and rheological properties of Mennonite-style cheeses from Chihuahua, Mexico SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Hispanic-Style cheese; aging; rheology C1 [Van Hekken, D. L.; Tunick, M. H.; Tomasula, P. M.] ARS, USDA, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Molina-Corral, F. J.; Gardea, A. A.] CIAD, Cuauhtemoc, Chihuahua, Mexico. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 233 EP 234 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095400937 ER PT J AU Meyer, MJ Capuco, AV Hummel, A Connor, EE Boisclair, YR Van Amburgh, M AF Meyer, M. J. Capuco, A. V. Hummel, A. Connor, E. E. Boisclair, Y. R. Van Amburgh, M. E. TI Developmental and nutritional regulation of steroid receptor mRNA expression and epithelial cell proliferation in the prepubertal bovine mammary gland SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE heifer; mammary development; estrogen receptor C1 [Meyer, M. J.; Boisclair, Y. R.; Van Amburgh, M. E.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Capuco, A. V.; Hummel, A.; Connor, E. E.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 240 EP 240 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401005 ER PT J AU Harrison, JH Nennich, T Rotz, A AF Harrison, J. H. Nennich, T. Rotz, A. TI Use of a dairy whole farm phosphorus balance education tool (dairy WFPBET) to teach dairy producers and their advisers nutrient management concepts at the whole-farm level SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE nutrient management; environment; phosphorus C1 [Harrison, J. H.; Nennich, T.] Washington State Univ, Puyallup, WA USA. [Rotz, A.] USDA ARS, University Pk, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 248 EP 248 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401039 ER PT J AU Jung, HG Sheaffer, CC AF Jung, H. G. Sheaffer, C. C. TI Lignin concentration of whole plants and stems of Bt corn hybrids SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE corn hybrids; lignin; fiber digestibility C1 [Jung, H. G.] USDA ARS, St Paul, MN USA. [Jung, H. G.; Sheaffer, C. C.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 250 EP 250 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401049 ER PT J AU Looper, ML Rosenkrans, CF Flores, R Aiken, GE Duke, SE AF Looper, M. L. Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr. Flores, R. Aiken, G. E. Duke, S. E. TI Physiological indicators of growth are influenced by supplementation and steroid implantation in steers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE steers; thyroxine; insulin-like growth factor-I C1 [Looper, M. L.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. [Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr.; Flores, R.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr.; Flores, R.] Univ Arkansas, Lexington, KY USA. [Aiken, G. E.] Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Duke, S. E.] USDA SPA, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 251 EP 252 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401054 ER PT J AU May, J Looper, M Golden, C Nihsen, M Maya, K Rosenkrans, C AF May, J. Looper, M. Golden, C. Nihsen, M. Maya, K. Rosenkrans, C., Jr. TI Relationships between serum constituents at weaning and subsequent carcass characteristics of beef calves SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE cattle; lactate dehydrogenase C1 [May, J.; Golden, C.; Nihsen, M.; Rosenkrans, C., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Looper, M.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. [Maya, K.] Caldwell Farms, Rosebud, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 251 EP 251 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401053 ER PT J AU Yan, F Ashwell, C Angel, R AF Yan, F. Ashwell, C. Angel, R. TI Molecular cloning and characterization of a broiler small intestine Type IIb sodium phosphate cotransporter gene SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE small intestine; phosphorus; absorption C1 [Yan, F.; Angel, R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ashwell, C.] ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ashwell, C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Yan, F.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poulty Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 263 EP 263 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401099 ER PT J AU Holland, MS Griffin, LD Stasko, JA Holland, RE AF Holland, M. S. Griffin, L. D. Stasko, J. A. Holland, R. E. TI Phenotypic and ultrastructural characterization of the developmental pathway of bovine mammary gland progenitor cells SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE progenitor cells; differentiation; ultrastructure C1 [Holland, M. S.; Griffin, L. D.; Holland, R. E.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Stasko, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 275 EP 275 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401148 ER PT J AU Meyer, MJ Capuco, AV Van Amburgh, ME AF Meyer, M. J. Capuco, A. V. Van Amburgh, M. E. TI Effects of energy intake and time to puberty on mammary growth of prepubertal Holstein heifers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE heifer; mammary development; puberty C1 [Meyer, M. J.; Van Amburgh, M. E.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Capuco, A. V.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 275 EP 275 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401149 ER PT J AU Rius, AG Kendall, PE Auchtung, TL Capuco, AV Connor, EE Dahl, GE AF Rius, A. G. Kendall, P. E. Auchtung, T. L. Capuco, A. V. Connor, E. E. Dahl, G. E. TI Long days that hasten puberty do not reduce lean body growth in heifers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE photoperiod; growth; heifer C1 [Rius, A. G.; Kendall, P. E.; Auchtung, T. L.; Dahl, G. E.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Capuco, A. V.; Connor, E. E.] USDA ARS, BGFL, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 276 EP 276 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401152 ER PT J AU Marchant-Forde, RM Marchant-Forde, JN AF Marchant-Forde, R. M. Marchant-Forde, J. N. TI Gestation induced changes in behavior and autonomic regulation of cardiac activity in gilts SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE gestation; behavior; heart rate variability C1 [Marchant-Forde, R. M.; Marchant-Forde, J. N.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/A-7616-2009 OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 277 EP 277 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401158 ER PT J AU Marchant-Forde, RM Marchant-Forde, JN Hofman, R AF Marchant-Forde, R. M. Marchant-Forde, J. N. Hofman, R. TI Circadian rhythmicity in behaviour and cardiac activity of gilts and heifers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE circadian rhythms; behavior; heart rate variability C1 [Marchant-Forde, R. M.; Marchant-Forde, J. N.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hofman, R.] Univ Vet Med, Inst Anim Husb & Welf, Vienna, Austria. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 277 EP 278 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401159 ER PT J AU Hulbert, LE Hellman, JM Dailey, JW Morrow, JL McGlone, JJ AF Hulbert, L. E. Hellman, J. M. Dailey, J. W. Morrow, J. L. McGlone, J. J. TI Behavior and heart rate of crated gestating sows given an ICVCRH or a CRH receptor antagonist SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pigs; CRH; welfare C1 [Hulbert, L. E.; Hellman, J. M.; McGlone, J. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Pork Ind Inst, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Dailey, J. W.; Morrow, J. L.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 278 EP 278 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401160 ER PT J AU Hammon, DS Evjen, IM Dhiman, TR Goff, JP AF Hammon, D. S. Evjen, I. M. Dhiman, T. R. Goff, J. P. TI Negative energy balance during the periparturient period is associated with uterine health disorders and fever in Holstein cows SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE periparturient dairy cow; endometritis; negative energy balance C1 [Hammon, D. S.; Evjen, I. M.; Dhiman, T. R.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Goff, J. P.] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 279 EP 279 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401165 ER PT J AU Lay, DC Kattesh, HG Roberts, MP Toscano, MJ McMunn, KA AF Lay, D. C., Jr. Kattesh, H. G. Roberts, M. P. Toscano, M. J. McMunn, K. A. TI Effects of mixing stress on plasma cortisol, corticosteroid-binding globulin and free cortisol index in prenatally-stressed pigs SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE swine; prenatal stress; corticosteroid binding globulin C1 [Lay, D. C., Jr.; Toscano, M. J.; McMunn, K. A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Kattesh, H. G.; Roberts, M. P.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 279 EP 279 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401164 ER PT J AU Goff, JP Horst, RL AF Goff, J. P. Horst, R. L. TI DCAD affects responsiveness of cows to parathyroid hormone - how anion supplementation prevents milk fever SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE DCAD; milk fever; parathyroid hormone C1 [Goff, J. P.; Horst, R. L.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 280 EP 280 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401170 ER PT J AU Norman, HD Sanders, AH Miller, RH Powell, RL AF Norman, H. D. Sanders, A. H. Miller, R. H. Powell, R. L. TI Impact of participation in somatic cell count testing on herd average somatic cell score SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE somatic cell score; mastitis; DHIA C1 [Norman, H. D.; Sanders, A. H.; Miller, R. H.; Powell, R. L.] Agr Res Serv, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 280 EP 281 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401171 ER PT J AU Cole, J Tooker, M VanRaden, P Megonigal, J AF Cole, J. Tooker, M. VanRaden, P. Megonigal, J., Jr. TI Breed composition codes for crossbred dairy cattle in the United States SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE crossbreeding; genetic evaluation; dairy cattle C1 [Cole, J.; Tooker, M.; VanRaden, P.; Megonigal, J., Jr.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014 OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 284 EP 285 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401188 ER PT J AU VanRaden, PM Tooker, ME Cole, JB AF VanRaden, P. M. Tooker, M. E. Cole, J. B. TI Heterosis and breed differences for daughter pregnancy rate of crossbred dairy cows SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE crossbreeding; heterosis; fertility C1 [VanRaden, P. M.; Tooker, M. E.; Cole, J. B.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014 OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 284 EP 284 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401184 ER PT J AU Sauve, A Huntington, G Burns, J AF Sauve, A. Huntington, G. Burns, J. TI The effects of total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) on voluntary intake of goats and digestibility of gamagrass (GG) harvested in the morning (AM) or afternoon (PM) SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE gamagrass; meat goats; carbohydrates C1 [Sauve, A.; Huntington, G.; Burns, J.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 290 EP 291 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401212 ER PT J AU Haan, M Russell, J Powers, W Mickelson, S Schultz, R Kovar, J AF Haan, M. Russell, J. Powers, W. Mickelson, S. Schultz, R. Kovar, J. TI Effects of beef cow grazing management on sediment and phosphorus losses from smooth bromegrass pastures SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE grazing; phosphorus; water quality C1 [Haan, M.; Russell, J.; Powers, W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. [Mickelson, S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Schultz, R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource & Environm Management, Ames, IA USA. [Kovar, J.] USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 291 EP 291 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401215 ER PT J AU Huntington, G Burns, J AF Huntington, G. Burns, J. TI Afternoon harvest increases readily fermentable carbohydrate (CHO) concentration and voluntary intake of gamagrass (GG) and switchgrass (SG)baleage fed to beef steers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE gamagrass; switchgrass; beef steers C1 [Huntington, G.; Burns, J.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 291 EP 291 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401213 ER PT J AU Mertens, DR Getz, JE AF Mertens, D. R. Getz, J. E. TI Developing consistent relationships among fiber fractions for uniform alfalfa hay quality guidelines SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE fiber; forage quality; alfalfa C1 [Mertens, D. R.] US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Getz, J. E.] Agr Mkt Serv, USDA, Moses Lake, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 292 EP 293 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401220 ER PT J AU Shelton, JL Guzik, AC Southern, LL Kerr, BJ Bidner, TD AF Shelton, J. L. Guzik, A. C. Southern, L. L. Kerr, B. J. Bidner, T. D. TI The tryptophan requirement of growing and finishing barrows SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE barrows; requirement; tryptophan C1 [Shelton, J. L.; Guzik, A. C.; Southern, L. L.; Bidner, T. D.] LSU Agr Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Kerr, B. J.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, USDA ARS, Natl Swine Res & Informat Ctr, SOMMRU, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 295 EP 296 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401232 ER PT J AU Dean, DW Southern, LL Kerr, BJ Bidner, TD AF Dean, D. W. Southern, L. L. Kerr, B. J. Bidner, T. D. TI The isoleucine requirement of 80-to 120-kilogram barrows SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE isoleucine; pig; plasma urea nitrogen C1 [Dean, D. W.; Southern, L. L.; Bidner, T. D.] LSU Agr Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Kerr, B. J.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, USDA ARS, MWA SOMMRU, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 296 EP 296 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401233 ER PT J AU Varel, VH Wells, JE Miller, DN AF Varel, V. H. Wells, J. E. Miller, D. N. TI Combination of a urease inhibitor and a plant essential oil for control of fecal coliforms and emissions of odor and ammonia from cattle waste SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE plant oils; urease inhibitor; cattle waste C1 [Varel, V. H.; Wells, J. E.; Miller, D. N.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 302 EP 302 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401257 ER PT J AU Talbott, CW Reddy, GB Raczkowski, C Barrios, T Matlapudi, M Coffee, A Andrews, J AF Talbott, C. W. Reddy, G. B. Raczkowski, C. Barrios, T. Matlapudi, M. Coffee, A. Andrews, J. TI Environmental impact of integrating crop and sylvan systems with swine SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE integrated systems; sylvo-pastoral; swine C1 [Talbott, C. W.; Reddy, G. B.; Raczkowski, C.; Barrios, T.; Matlapudi, M.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Coffee, A.; Andrews, J.] USDA CSREES Forestry, NC Div Forest Resources, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 303 EP 303 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401260 ER PT J AU Corzo, A Kidd, MT Burnham, DJ Branton, SL Kerr, BJ AF Corzo, A. Kidd, M. T. Burnham, D. J. Branton, S. L. Kerr, B. J. TI Dietary glycine needs of broiler chicks SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE glycine; threonine; plasma amino acids C1 [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Branton, S. L.; Kerr, B. J.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 314 EP 314 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401297 ER PT J AU Kidd, MT McDaniel, CD Peebles, ED Barber, SJ Corzo, A Branton, SL Woodworth, JC AF Kidd, M. T. McDaniel, C. D. Peebles, E. D. Barber, S. J. Corzo, A. Branton, S. L. Woodworth, J. C. TI Breeder hen and broiler dietary carnitine: Carry-over and dietary effects on progeny growth and carcass traits SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE broiler breeder; L-carnitine; progeny C1 [Kidd, M. T.; McDaniel, C. D.; Peebles, E. D.; Barber, S. J.; Corzo, A.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Branton, S. L.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 314 EP 314 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401299 ER PT J AU Rosebrough, RW Russell, BA Poch, SM Richards, MP AF Rosebrough, R. W. Russell, B. A. Poch, S. M. Richards, M. P. TI Dietary protein regulates short-term adaptations in lipogenic gene expression SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE lipgenesis; gene; metabolism C1 [Rosebrough, R. W.; Russell, B. A.; Poch, S. M.; Richards, M. P.] ARS, USDA, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 317 EP 317 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401309 ER PT J AU Angel, R Mitchell, AD Christman, M AF Angel, R. Mitchell, A. D. Christman, M. TI Validation of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) bone mineralization measures in broilers as an alternative to bone ash and breaking measures SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE bone mineralization; dual energy X-ray absorptiometry C1 [Angel, R.; Christman, M.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mitchell, A. D.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 318 EP 319 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401316 ER PT J AU Murry, AC Hinton, A Buhr, RJ AF Murry, A. C., Jr. Hinton, A., Jr. Buhr, R. J. TI Effect of a probiotic containing two Lactobacillus strains on growth performance and population of bacteria in the ceca and carcass rinse of broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE probiotic; broiler chickens; growth performance C1 [Murry, A. C., Jr.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hinton, A., Jr.; Buhr, R. J.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 322 EP 322 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401331 ER PT J AU Dozier, WA Dale, NM Giesen, AF AF Dozier, W. A., III Dale, N. M. Giesen, A. F. TI Fat quality assessment of feed and pet food-grade poultry by-product meals SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE poultry by-product meal; pet-food; feed C1 [Dozier, W. A., III] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MO USA. [Dale, N. M.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Giesen, A. F.] Novus Int Inc, St Louis, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 325 EP 326 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401346 ER PT J AU Wildeus, S Turner, KE Collins, JR AF Wildeus, S. Turner, K. E. Collins, J. R. TI Effect of two levels of energy supplementation on forage intake, growth, and blood parameters in Boer and Kiko-sired crossbred kids SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE crossbred goats; forage intake; growth C1 [Wildeus, S.; Collins, J. R.] Virginia State Univ, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. [Turner, K. E.] ARS, USDA, AFSRC, Beaver, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 356 EP 356 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401466 ER PT J AU Looper, ML Merkel, RC Loetz, ER Goetsch, AL Dawson, LJ Burke, JM Flores, R AF Looper, M. L. Merkel, R. C. Loetz, E. R. Goetsch, A. L. Dawson, L. J. Burke, J. M. Flores, R. TI Influence of progesterone on synchronization and pregnancy rate of Alpine does SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE goats; progesterone; synchronization C1 [Looper, M. L.; Burke, J. M.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. [Dawson, L. J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Flores, R.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 357 EP 357 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401468 ER PT J AU Villaquiran, M Nuty, LC Gipson, TA Goetsch, AL Blackburn, HD AF Villaquiran, M. Nuty, L. C. Gipson, T. A. Goetsch, A. L. Blackburn, H. D. TI Evaluation of predictions of body weight and feed intake by growing crossbred Boer goats with a goat simulation model SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE goats; simulation model C1 [Nuty, L. C.] Prairie View A&M Univ, Cooperat Agr Res Ctr, Prairie View, TX USA. [Blackburn, H. D.] ARS, USDA, NPA, NSSL,NAGP, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 357 EP 357 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401470 ER PT J AU Animut, G Goetsch, AL Aiken, GE Puchala, R Detweiler, G Krehbiel, CR Merkel, RC Sahlu, T Dawson, LJ Johnson, ZB AF Animut, G. Goetsch, A. L. Aiken, G. E. Puchala, R. Detweiler, G. Krehbiel, C. R. Merkel, R. C. Sahlu, T. Dawson, L. J. Johnson, Z. B. TI Effects of pasture inclusion of mimosa on growth by co-grazing goats and sheep SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE goats; mimosa; co-grazing C1 [Animut, G.; Krehbiel, C. R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Aiken, G. E.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. [Dawson, L. J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Johnson, Z. B.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 358 EP 358 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401474 ER PT J AU Jefferson, L Cheng, HW AF Jefferson, L. Cheng, H. W. TI Effects of acute stress on physical and hormonal response in three genetic strains of laying hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE chicken; acute stress; genetic selection C1 [Jefferson, L.; Cheng, H. W.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 361 EP 361 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401487 ER PT J AU Purdy, PH AF Purdy, P. H. TI Elects of holding time prior to freezing on the motility, viability and membrane binding ability of ram sperm SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ram spermatozoa; cryopreservation; capacitation and acrosonie reaction C1 [Purdy, P. H.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 367 EP 367 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401508 ER PT J AU Larson, JE Lamb, GC Stevenson, JS Johnson, SK Day, ML Geary, TW Kesler, DJ DeJarnette, JM Schrick, FN Arseneau, JD AF Larson, J. E. Lamb, G. C. Stevenson, J. S. Johnson, S. K. Day, M. L. Geary, T. W. Kesler, D. J. DeJarnette, J. M. Schrick, F. N. Arseneau, J. D. TI Synchronization of estrus in suckled beef cows using GnRH, prostaglandin F-2 alpha (PG), and progesterone (CIDR): a multi location study SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE estrus synchronization; artificial insemination; beef cows C1 [Larson, J. E.; Lamb, G. C.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Stevenson, J. S.; Johnson, S. K.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Day, M. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Geary, T. W.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Kesler, D. J.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [DeJarnette, J. M.] Select Sires Inc, W Lafayett, IN USA. [Schrick, F. N.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Arseneau, J. D.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayett, IN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 368 EP 369 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401515 ER PT J AU Realivasquez, R Ericsson, SA Spiller, SF Campbell, WT Sternes, KL Purdy, PH Blackburn, HD Dzakuma, JM AF Realivasquez, R. Ericsson, S. A. Spiller, S. F. Campbell, W. T. Sternes, K. L. Purdy, P. H. Blackburn, H. D. Dzakuma, J. M. TI Spanish buck beta-B inhibin/activin (INHBB) microsatellite polymorphisms SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE inhibin; activin; INHBB C1 [Realivasquez, R.; Ericsson, S. A.; Spiller, S. F.; Campbell, W. T.; Sternes, K. L.] Sul Ross State Univ, Alpine, TX USA. [Purdy, P. H.; Blackburn, H. D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Dzakuma, J. M.] Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 377 EP 378 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401551 ER PT J AU Spiller, SF Ericsson, SA Realivasquez, R Campbell, WT Sternes, KL Purdy, PH Blackburn, HD Dzakuma, JM AF Spiller, S. F. Ericsson, S. A. Realivasquez, R. Campbell, W. T. Sternes, K. L. Purdy, P. H. Blackburn, H. D. Dzakuma, J. M. TI INHA microsatellite polymorphisms in Angora bucks SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE angora; inhibin; activin C1 [Spiller, S. F.; Ericsson, S. A.; Realivasquez, R.; Campbell, W. T.; Sternes, K. L.] Sul Ross State Univ, Alpine, TX USA. [Purdy, P. H.; Blackburn, H. D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Dzakuma, J. M.] Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 378 EP 378 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401553 ER PT J AU Grosz, M Rohrer, G AF Grosz, M. Rohrer, G. TI Mapping and genetic variation within porcine 70 kiloDalton heat shock protein 2 (HSPA2) SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE swine; HSPA2; SNP C1 [Grosz, M.] Monsanto Co, W Chesterfield, MO USA. [Rohrer, G.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 380 EP 380 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401561 ER PT J AU Fox, JT Anderson, RC Carstens, GE Miller, RK Nisbet, DJ AF Fox, J. T. Anderson, R. C. Carstens, G. E. Miller, R. K. Nisbet, D. J. TI Effects of nitrate adaptation and chlorate supplementation on fecal escherichia coli conentrations in Holstein steers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE E. coli; chlorate; cattle C1 [Fox, J. T.; Carstens, G. E.; Miller, R. K.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Anderson, R. C.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, USDA, FFSRU, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 381 EP 382 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401568 ER PT J AU Leymaster, KA Casas, E Freking, BA AF Leymaster, K. A. Casas, E. Freking, B. A. TI Evaluation of Dorset, Finnsheep, Romanov, Texel, and Montadale breeds of sheep: Reproduction of F-1 ewes in spring mating seasons SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE breeds; reproduction; sheep C1 [Leymaster, K. A.; Casas, E.; Freking, B. A.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RI Freking, Brad/C-6494-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 390 EP 391 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401602 ER PT J AU Cole, J Leighton, E AF Cole, J. Leighton, E. TI Linear versus threshold model analysis of trainability in a colony of German Shepherd dog guides SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE genetic evaluation; dod guides; threshold model C1 [Cole, J.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Leighton, E.] Seeing Eye Inc, Morristown, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 391 EP 391 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401603 ER PT J AU Browning, R Chisley, C Phelps, O Kebe, SH Donnelly, B Byarsl, M Payton, T AF Browning, R., Jr. Chisley, C. Phelps, O. Kebe, S. H. Donnelly, B. Byarsl, M. Payton, T. TI Influence of maternal breed on meat goat carcass characteristics SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE meat goat; breeds; carcass traits C1 [Browning, R., Jr.; Kebe, S. H.; Donnelly, B.; Byarsl, M.; Payton, T.] Tennessee State Univ, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Chisley, C.; Phelps, O.] Agr Mkt Serv, USDA, Baton Rouge, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 393 EP 393 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401611 ER PT J AU Owens, PR Miles, DM Rowe, DE AF Owens, P. R. Miles, D. M. Rowe, D. E. TI Spatial variability of nutrient species within a poultry house SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE broiler; litter; nutrients C1 [Owens, P. R.; Miles, D. M.; Rowe, D. E.] USDA ARS, Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 395 EP 395 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401621 ER PT J AU Ritz, C Mitchell, B Fairchild, B Czarick, M Worley, J AF Ritz, C. Mitchell, B. Fairchild, B. Czarick, M. Worley, J. TI Electrostatic space charge system for dust reduction and air quality improvement in commercial broiler facilities SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE electrostatic; dust; broiler C1 [Ritz, C.; Fairchild, B.; Czarick, M.; Worley, J.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mitchell, B.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 395 EP 395 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401619 ER PT J AU Bailey, S Roberts, T AF Bailey, S. Roberts, T. TI Control of Salmonella in poultry production, the European experience - can it be adapted to the US? SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE broiler; Salmonella; control C1 [Bailey, S.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Roberts, T.] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 404 EP 404 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401659 ER PT J AU Harvey, RB Anderson, RC Genovese, KJ Callaway, TR Nisbet, DJ AF Harvey, R. B. Anderson, R. C. Genovese, K. J. Callaway, T. R. Nisbet, D. J. TI Use of competitive exclusion to control enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pathogenic E. coli; alternative to antibiotics; mortality C1 [Harvey, R. B.; Anderson, R. C.; Genovese, K. J.; Callaway, T. R.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 404 EP 404 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401660 ER PT J AU Siragusa, R AF Siragusa, R. TI Strategies to reduce Clostridium perfringens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Clostridium perfringens; lytic bacteirophage; bacteriocins C1 [Siragusa, R.] ARS, USDA, Russian Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 405 EP 405 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401662 ER PT J AU Stern, NJ Svetoch, EA Eruslanov, BV Kovalev, YN Volodina, LI Perelygin, VV Mitsevich, EV Mitsevich, IP Pokhilenko, VD Borzenkov, VN Levchuk, VP Svetoch, OE Kudriavtseva, TY AF Stern, Norman J. Svetoch, E. A. Eruslanov, B. V. Kovalev, Y. N. Volodina, L. I. Perelygin, V. V. Mitsevich, E. V. Mitsevich, I. P. Pokhilenko, V. D. Borzenkov, V. N. Levchuk, V. P. Svetoch, O. E. Kudriavtseva, T. Y. TI Strategies to reduce Campylobacter SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Campylobacter; poultry; bacteriocin therapy C1 [Stern, Norman J.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Svetoch, E. A.; Eruslanov, B. V.; Kovalev, Y. N.; Volodina, L. I.; Perelygin, V. V.; Mitsevich, E. V.; Mitsevich, I. P.; Pokhilenko, V. D.; Borzenkov, V. N.; Levchuk, V. P.; Svetoch, O. E.; Kudriavtseva, T. Y.] State Res Ctr Appl Microbiol, Obolensk, Russia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 405 EP 405 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401661 ER PT J AU Cary, DC Eicher, SD Patterson, JA Johnson, TA AF Cary, D. C. Eicher, S. D. Patterson, J. A. Johnson, T. A. TI A yeast cell-wall derivative and ascorbic acid fed to neonatal dairy calves is protective against enteric challenge with Salmonella dublin SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella dublin; beta-glucan; ascorbic acid C1 [Cary, D. C.; Patterson, J. A.; Johnson, T. A.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Eicher, S. D.] ARS, USDA, W Lafayette, IN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 406 EP 406 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401666 ER PT J AU Foote, MR Nonnecke, BJ Waters, WR Palmer, MV Fowler, MA Miller, BL Beitz, DC AF Foote, M. R. Nonnecke, B. J. Waters, W. R. Palmer, M. V. Fowler, M. A. Miller, B. L. Beitz, D. C. TI Dietary protein and energy and the adaptive immune response of milk replacer-fed dairy calves SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE calf; nutrition; immune function C1 [Foote, M. R.; Beitz, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Nonnecke, B. J.; Waters, W. R.; Palmer, M. V.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Fowler, M. A.] Land OLakes Inc, St Paul, MN USA. [Miller, B. L.] Land OLakes Inc, Webstar, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 406 EP 406 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401667 ER PT J AU Stahl, CH Callaway, TR Lincoln, LM Lonergan, SM Genovese, KJ AF Stahl, C. H. Callaway, T. R. Lincoln, L. M. Lonergan, S. M. Genovese, K. J. TI Colicins E1 and N are effective against Escherichia coli strains responsible for post-weaning diarrhea and edema disease in swine SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Colicin; antibiotic alternatives; post-weaning diarrhea C1 [Stahl, C. H.; Lincoln, L. M.; Lonergan, S. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. [Callaway, T. R.; Genovese, K. J.] ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. RI Lonergan, Steven/O-6233-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 407 EP 407 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401672 ER PT J AU Kuhn, MT Hutchison, JL Clay, JS AF Kuhn, M. T. Hutchison, J. L. Clay, J. S. TI Prediction of service sire fertility SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE male fertility C1 [Kuhn, M. T.; Hutchison, J. L.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Clay, J. S.] Dairy Records Management Syst, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 412 EP 412 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401692 ER PT J AU VanRaden, PM AF VanRaden, P. M. TI Genetic base and trait definition update SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE genetic base; udder health; scales C1 [VanRaden, P. M.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 412 EP 412 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401689 ER PT J AU Wiggans, GR VanRaden, PM AF Wiggans, G. R. VanRaden, P. M. TI Accounting for differences in rate of maturity in yield evaluations SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE parity; random regression; maturity C1 [Wiggans, G. R.; VanRaden, P. M.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 412 EP 412 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401691 ER PT J AU Norman, HD Powell, RL Wright, JR VanRaden, PM AF Norman, H. D. Powell, R. L. Wright, J. R. VanRaden, P. M. TI Genetic relationships of milk yield for different parities between bulls and their sons SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE milk yield; parity; lactation number C1 [Norman, H. D.; Powell, R. L.; Wright, J. R.; VanRaden, P. M.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 413 EP 413 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401695 ER PT J AU Yook, E Pearson, RE VanRaden, PM AF Yook, E. Pearson, R. E. VanRaden, P. M. TI Estimation of the economic impact of a unit change in PTA for daughter pregnancy rate SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE daughter pregnancy rate; relative net income; economic weight C1 [Yook, E.; Pearson, R. E.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA. [VanRaden, P. M.] Anim Res Serv, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 413 EP 413 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401693 ER PT J AU Ashwell, MS Heyen, DW Sonstegard, TS Van Tassell, CP Lewin, HA AF Ashwell, M. S. Heyen, D. W. Sonstegard, T. S. Van Tassell, C. P. Lewin, H. A. TI Detection of quantitative trait loci affecting conformation traits in Holstein cattle SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE conformation trait; quantitative trait loci; dairy cattle C1 [Ashwell, M. S.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Heyen, D. W.; Lewin, H. A.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ashwell, M. S.; Sonstegard, T. S.; Van Tassell, C. P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 414 EP 414 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401697 ER PT J AU Hanford', KJ Thallman, RM Kachman, SD Van Vleck, LD AF Hanford', K. J. Thallman, R. M. Kachman, S. D. Van Vleck, L. D. TI Including genetic groups for QTL effects in marker assisted selection SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE BLUP; genetic groups; MAS C1 [Hanford', K. J.; Van Vleck, L. D.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Kachman, S. D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 414 EP 414 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401699 ER PT J AU Sandelin, BA Brown, AH Ojano-Dirain, C Iqbal, M Brown, MA Herring, WO Akin, M Johnson, ZB Baublits, RT AF Sandelin, B. A. Brown, A. H., Jr. Ojano-Dirain, C. Iqbal, M. Brown, M. A. Herring, W. O. Akin, M. Johnson, Z. B. Baublits, R. T. TI Assessment of respiratory chain complex activities and electron transport chain protein expression in muscle mitochondria in Angus steers with low and high feed efficiency SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE feed efficiency; Angus; muscle mitochondria C1 [Sandelin, B. A.; Brown, A. H., Jr.; Ojano-Dirain, C.; Iqbal, M.; Johnson, Z. B.; Baublits, R. T.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Brown, M. A.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. [Herring, W. O.] Smithfield Premium Genet Grp, Roanoke Rapids, NC USA. [Akin, M.] Circle A Angus Ranch, Iberia, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 416 EP 416 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401706 ER PT J AU Escobar, J Frank, JW Kimball, SR Suryawan, A Nguyen, HV Liu, CW Jefferson, LS Davis, TA AF Escobar, J. Frank, J. W. Kimball, S. R. Suryawan, A. Nguyen, H. V. Liu, C. W. Jefferson, L. S. Davis, T. A. TI Infusion of a physiological dose of leucine stimulates muscle protein synthesis in neonatal pigs by enhancing the activity of translation initiation factors SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE leucine; translation initiation factors; protein synthesis C1 [Escobar, J.; Frank, J. W.; Suryawan, A.; Nguyen, H. V.; Liu, C. W.; Davis, T. A.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Kimball, S. R.; Jefferson, L. S.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Hershey, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 419 EP 419 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401720 ER PT J AU Frank, JW Escobar, J Suryawan, A Nguyen, HV Liu, CW Kimball, SR Jefferson, LS Davis, TA AF Frank, J. W. Escobar, J. Suryawan, A. Nguyen, H. V. Liu, C. W. Kimball, S. R. Jefferson, L. S. Davis, T. A. TI Influence of dietary protein and lactose levels on protein synthesis and translation initiation factor activation in neonatal pigs SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pigs; protein synthesis; translation initiation C1 [Frank, J. W.; Escobar, J.; Suryawan, A.; Nguyen, H. V.; Liu, C. W.; Davis, T. A.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Kimball, S. R.; Jefferson, L. S.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Hershey, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 419 EP 419 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401719 ER PT J AU Karcher, DM McMurtry, JP Applegate, TJ AF Karcher, D. M. McMurtry, J. P. Applegate, T. J. TI Concentrations of insulin-like growth factors I and II in embryonic fluids of chickens, ducks, and turkeys SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE insulin-like growth factors; embryonic fluids; duck C1 [Karcher, D. M.; Applegate, T. J.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [McMurtry, J. P.] ARS, USDA, GBL, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 420 EP 420 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401723 ER PT J AU Melendez, P Goff, J Risco, C Archbald, L Littell, R Donovan, A AF Melendez, P. Goff, J. Risco, C. Archbald, L. Littell, R. Donovan, A. TI Rumen and blood metabolites at 10 d postpartum in Holstein cows supplemented with monensin SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE monensin; VFA; transition dairy cow C1 [Melendez, P.; Risco, C.; Archbald, L.; Donovan, A.] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL USA. [Goff, J.] USDA, Natl Anim Res Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Littell, R.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 427 EP 427 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401751 ER PT J AU Melendez, P Goff, J Risco, C Archbald, L Littell, R Donovan, A AF Melendez, P. Goff, J. Risco, C. Archbald, L. Littell, R. Donovan, A. TI Blood metabolites during the transition period of Holstein cows receiving a monensin controlled-release capsule SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE monensin; blood metabolites; transition dairy cow C1 [Melendez, P.; Risco, C.; Archbald, L.; Donovan, A.] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL USA. [Littell, R.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Goff, J.] USDA, Natl Anim Res Ctr, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 427 EP 427 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401750 ER PT J AU Corzo, A Kidd, MT Thaxton, JP Kerr, BJ AF Corzo, A. Kidd, M. T. Thaxton, J. P. Kerr, B. J. TI Effect of dietary tryptophan on growth and stress of broiler chicks SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE tryptophan; stress; plasma corticosterone C1 [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.; Thaxton, J. P.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Kerr, B. J.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 432 EP 433 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401771 ER PT J AU Elsasser, TH Kahl, S Sartin, JL Li, C AF Elsasser, T. H. Kahl, S. Sartin, J. L. Li, C. TI Protein tyrosine nitration: a membrane-organized mechanism for altered signal transduction during proinflammatory stress SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE signal transduction; nitric oxide; nutrition C1 [Elsasser, T. H.; Kahl, S.; Li, C.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Sartin, J. L.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 445 EP 445 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401817 ER PT J AU Snowder, GD Van Vleck, LD Cundiffi, LV Bennettl, GL AF Snowder, G. D. Van Vleck, L. D. Cundiffi, L. V. Bennettl, G. L. TI Estimates of genetic parameters for infectious keratoconjunctivitis in beef calves before weaning SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE heritability; disease; maternal C1 [Snowder, G. D.; Cundiffi, L. V.; Bennettl, G. L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Van Vleck, L. D.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 449 EP 449 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401833 ER PT J AU Rios-Utrera, A Cundiff, LV Gregory, KE Kochl, RM Dikeman, ME Koohmaraie, M Van Vleck, LD AF Rios-Utrera, A. Cundiff, L. V. Gregory, K. E. Kochl, R. M. Dikeman, M. E. Koohmaraie, M. Van Vleck, L. D. TI Estimates of genetic correlations among carcass traits adjusted to different end points SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE carcass traits; genetic correlations; slaughter end points C1 [Rios-Utrera, A.; Kochl, R. M.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Cundiff, L. V.; Gregory, K. E.; Koohmaraie, M.] USDA, ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Dikeman, M. E.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Van Vleck, L. D.] USDA, ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 450 EP 451 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401840 ER PT J AU Cleveland, MA Enns, RM Garrick, DJ Blackburn, HD AF Cleveland, M. A. Enns, R. M. Garrick, D. J. Blackburn, H. D. TI Examining the genetic diversity of Hereford cattle SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Hereford cattle; inbreeding; genetic diversity C1 [Cleveland, M. A.; Enns, R. M.; Garrick, D. J.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Blackburn, H. D.] Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Natl Anim Germplasm, USDA, ARS, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 451 EP 451 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401842 ER PT J AU Mousel, MR Rohrer, GA Leymaster, KA Christenson, RK AF Mousel, M. R. Rohrer, G. A. Leymaster, K. A. Christenson, R. K. TI Validation of QTL's in a swine population selected for ovulation rate SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE swine; ovulation rate; allele frequency C1 [Mousel, M. R.; Rohrer, G. A.; Leymaster, K. A.; Christenson, R. K.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 452 EP 452 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401847 ER PT J AU Tyrrell, HF AF Tyrrell, H. F. TI Estimation of energy value of feed and its use in ration formulation SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE net energy; digestibility; TDN C1 [Tyrrell, H. F.] Educ & Extens Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2004 VL 83 SU 1 BP 462 EP 462 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V45UO UT WOS:000203095401884 ER PT S AU Kokalis-Burelle, N AF Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy BE Cook, RC Hunt, DJ TI Development of multi-component transplant mixes for plant growth-promotion and disease suppression SO Proceeding of the Fourth International Congress of Nematology SE NEMATOLOGY MONOGRAPHS AND PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Nematology Congress CY JUN 08-13, 2002 CL Tenerife, SPAIN SP Minist Ciencia Technol, CSIC, Gobierno Canarias, Cabildo Tenerife, Ayuntamiento Arona, Ayuntamiento San Miguel Abona, Ayuntamiemto Vilaflor Chasna ID MELOIDOGYNE-ARENARIA; SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE; TOMATO PLANTS; ROOT-ROT; RHIZOBACTERIA; SOIL; AMENDMENTS; NEMATODES; BACTERIA; CHITOSAN AB Research was undertaken to develop a biologically-based product that, when added to transplant mixes, would enhance plant growth, increase yield, and provide protection against pathogens. Studies at Auburn University, in cooperation with Gustafson LLC, tested organic components and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for effects on tomato growth and nematode viability. Organic components and PGPR were combined and evaluated. Gustafson LLC and USDA, ARS then entered into a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) for field-testing in Florida, where combinations of amended transplants and methyl bromide alternative soil treatments were evaluated. Significant increases in tomato and pepper growth, vigour, and transplant survival occurred with formulations of PGPR. One formulation reduced root-knot nematode galling and several improved pepper root condition. Four PGPR treatments reduced angular leaf spot lesions caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans, and gummy stem blight, caused by Didymella bryoniae, on watermelon. One PGPR treatment reduced root-knot nematode disease severity on muskmelon. The effects of bare root, plug, and F'GPR-amended plug transplants on growth and yield of strawberry showed that PGPR-amended plugs had highest yields, and bare root transplants had lowest yields. This cooperative research resulted in a commercial product, BioYield (TM), for use on transplanted crops. C1 USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Kokalis-Burelle, N (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU E J BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1573-5869 BN 90-04-13921-4 J9 NEMATOL MONOGR PERSP PY 2004 VL 2 BP 187 EP 194 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Parasitology; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Parasitology; Zoology GA BFH69 UT WOS:000241893000018 ER PT S AU Church, GT Starr, JL Simpson, CE AF Church, Gregory T. Starr, James L. Simpson, Charles E. BE Cook, RC Hunt, DJ TI The identification and development of resistance to Meloidogyne arenaria in groundnut SO Proceeding of the Fourth International Congress of Nematology SE NEMATOLOGY MONOGRAPHS AND PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Nematology Congress CY JUN 08-13, 2002 CL Tenerife, SPAIN SP Minist Ciencia Technol, CSIC, Gobierno Canarias, Cabildo Tenerife, Ayuntamiento Arona, Ayuntamiento San Miguel Abona, Ayuntamiemto Vilaflor Chasna ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA; DAMAGE FUNCTIONS; PEANUT GERMPLASM; RFLP MARKERS; REGISTRATION; NEMATODES; JAVANICA; GENETICS; LINES; RAPD AB Highly effective resistance to Meloidogyne arenaria in groundnut was first discovered in diploid wild Arachis spp. Development of a synthetic tetraploid interspecific hybrid (A. batizocoi x (A. diogoi x A. cardenasii))4, that was cross-compatible with cultivated groundnut was the first step towards achieving a resistant cultivar. A backcross breeding programme was used to introgress the resistance into agronomically superior groundnut genotypes. The first cultivar (COAN) released from this breeding programme was selected from the fifth backcross generation. Yields of COAN in fields infested with M. arenaria were 20-120% greater than those of susceptible cultivars, but in non-infested fields yield of COAN was only 80-90% of the susceptible cultivars. NemaTAM, the second cultivar, was released from the seventh backcross generation and has yields equal to that of susceptible cultivars in non-infested fields. In fields infested with M. arenaria, yields of NemaTAM are greater than those of COAN. Resistance in COAN and NemaTAM is inherited as a single dominant gene, whereas the resistance in the synthetic triple species hybrid is inherited as one dominant gene and one recessive gene. Thus, at least one additional resistance gene appears to exist in a genotype cross-compatible with cultivated groundmit that can be used to increase the durability of resistance. C1 USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Church, GT (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU E J BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1573-5869 BN 90-04-13921-4 J9 NEMATOL MONOGR PERSP PY 2004 VL 2 BP 219 EP 231 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Parasitology; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Parasitology; Zoology GA BFH69 UT WOS:000241893000021 ER PT S AU Noel, GR AF Noel, Gregory R. BE Cook, RC Hunt, DJ TI Resistance in soybean to soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines SO Proceeding of the Fourth International Congress of Nematology SE NEMATOLOGY MONOGRAPHS AND PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Nematology Congress CY JUN 08-13, 2002 CL Tenerife, SPAIN SP Minist Ciencia Technol, CSIC, Gobierno Canarias, Cabildo Tenerife, Ayuntamiento Arona, Ayuntamiento San Miguel Abona, Ayuntamiemto Vilaflor Chasna ID GENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; PLANT INTRODUCTIONS; REGISTRATION; RACE-3; INHERITANCE; POPULATION; MARKERS; FIELD AB Soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, was found in the USA in 1954, and breeding programmes for resistance soon were initiated. The source of resistance in the first resistant cultivars was Peking, which was obtained in China. Subsequent sources of resistance incorporated into commercial cultivars include Plant Introduction (PI) 88.788, P190.763 and P1209.332, all of which also originated in China. The high level of genetic variability within and among populations of SCN has proved problematic to soybean breeders and to farmers. In 1992, germplasm was released that incorporated resistance from P1437.654, which is highly resistant to most populations of SCN. Classical breeding techniques were used exclusively until the late 1990s when marker-assisted selection using P1437.654 resistance was developed and is now being utilised in several breeding programmes. Genes rhgl-rhg3 and Rhg3-Rhg5 have been reported to be involved in expressing resistance in soybean to SCN. Some genes are linked and multiple alleles may be involved!. in expressing resistance. Monoculture of resistance has not proved durable, but gene deployment may offer long-term sustainable control of SCN. C1 Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Noel, GR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU E J BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1573-5869 BN 90-04-13921-4 J9 NEMATOL MONOGR PERSP PY 2004 VL 2 BP 253 EP 261 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Parasitology; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Parasitology; Zoology GA BFH69 UT WOS:000241893000023 ER PT S AU Dwinell, LD AF Dwinell, L. David BE Cook, RC Hunt, DJ TI Mitigating the pine wood nematode and its insect vectors in transported coniferous wood SO Proceeding of the Fourth International Congress of Nematology SE NEMATOLOGY MONOGRAPHS AND PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Nematology Congress CY JUN 08-13, 2002 CL Tenerife, SPAIN SP Minist Ciencia Technol, CSIC, Gobierno Canarias, Cabildo Tenerife, Ayuntamiento Arona, Ayuntamiento San Miguel Abona, Ayuntamiemto Vilaflor Chasna AB The pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) (PWN) has been intercepted in pine chips, unseasoned lumber and packing-case wood. Likewise, PWN insect vectors, Monochamus spp., have been found in pallets, crates, and dunnage. As a result of these interceptions and the known consequences of the introduction of the PWN, many countries regulate the import of coniferous wood. Science-based procedures are needed to ensure that globally transported wood is free of the PWN and its vectors. Mitigation measures that have been investigated include prevention, host selection, and treatment by fumigation, irradiation, chemical dips, pressure treatment with preservatives, and elevated temperature. A mill certification programme for lumber (no bark, no grub holes) is rational, but has not got much support. Air-drying wood to its equilibrium moisture content will eliminate the PWN. Switching, to hardwood lumber for wood packing material is a short-term solution. Irradiation and dipping wood in borates have shown little promise. The efficacy of pressure-treating green pine lumber with chromated copper arsenate has been shown. Pine chips can be fumigated with phosphine. Logs, lumber, and wood. packing material can be fumigated with methyl bromide. Heating coniferous wood to a core temperature of 60 degrees C will eradicate the PWN and its vectors. C1 USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30622 USA. RP Dwinell, LD (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30622 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU E J BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1573-5869 BN 90-04-13921-4 J9 NEMATOL MONOGR PERSP PY 2004 VL 2 BP 825 EP 835 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Parasitology; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Parasitology; Zoology GA BFH69 UT WOS:000241893000069 ER PT B AU Rowell, RM AF Rowell, RM BE Jorge, FC TI Biobased composites: A 21(ST) Century perspective SO Proceedings of ICECFOP1: 1st International Conference on Environmentally-Compatible Forest Products LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Environmentally-Compatible Forest Products CY SEP 22-24, 2004 CL Fernando Pessoa Univ, Oporto, PORTUGAL SP British Council, Fundacao Ciencia & Tecnol, Fundacao Oriente, Fundacao Luso Americana, Management Environm Qual, Emerald, Geonucleo, FPU, Ecole Superieure Bois HO Fernando Pessoa Univ AB Biobased resources have played a major role throughout human history. Even the earliest humans learned to Use these resources to make shelters, cook food, construct tools, make clothing, keep records and produce weapons. Collectively, society learned very early the great advantages of a resource that was widely distributed, multifunctional, strong, easy to work, aesthetic, biodegradable and renewable. Composites made of biobased resources are being "rediscovered" in the 21(st) century. Many concepts are circulating in the press, at scientific meetings, in discussions and on web new sites all over the world on the advantages of using a "green", "low cost", "biodegradable "renewable", "recyclable", and "sustainable" resource to produce composites. While these are powerful concepts, they are often misapplied, misused, and misunderstood. These are not just "buzz" concepts that are used in a grant to get funding. They are part of the reason biobased composites are getting more attention in the materials world. The largest single potential growth in the use of biobased resources is in the composites sector. More specifically, in housing components. Issues to be considered in this sector include land use. resource supply, carbon sequestration, reduced energy use, utilization of mixed resources, recycling, competing materials, durability, life cycle assessment, quality assurance, codes and standards, tradition, marketing, and appropriate use. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Rowell, RM (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDICOES UNIV FERNANDO PESSOA PI PORTO PA PRACA 9 DE ABRIL, 349, PORTO, 4249-004, PORTUGAL BN 972-8830-23-8 PY 2004 BP 15 EP 28 PG 14 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BCI27 UT WOS:000229498100001 ER PT B AU Frihart, CR Wescott, JM AF Frihart, CR Wescott, JM BE Jorge, FC TI Improved water resistance of bio-based adhesives for wood bonding SO Proceedings of ICECFOP1: 1st International Conference on Environmentally-Compatible Forest Products LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Environmentally-Compatible Forest Products CY SEP 22-24, 2004 CL Fernando Pessoa Univ, Oporto, PORTUGAL SP British Council, Fundacao Ciencia & Tecnol, Fundacao Oriente, Fundacao Luso Americana, Management Environm Qual, Emerald, Geonucleo, FPU, Ecole Superieure Bois HO Fernando Pessoa Univ AB Synthetic resins, such as phenol-formaldehyde (PF), are dominant in wood bonding for exterior and semi-exterior applications because of their excellent water resistance. Replacement of petroleum-based resins with ones having high biomass content would further enhance the environmental preferability of reconstituted wood-based materials. Past studies on using soybean flour in these applications have not led to viable adhesives with hi-h biomass content. However, use of proper denaturation, stabilization, and crosslinking reactions leads to high-soybean-content adhesives that can replace PF as the face resin for strandboard. In the first step, the soybean flour is treated with hot caustic to denature the protein but with limited hydrolysis that can produce small peptide fragments. Once the denaturation has opened the protein structure, the exposed functional groups can be reacted with formaldehyde to produce a stabilized protein. This material can then be reacted with phenol and formaldehyde to produce a strong wood-bonding adhesive. The adhesive has been used to produce strandboard having strength and water-resistance values equal to those obtained using a commercial phenolformaldehyde adhesive. The soybean-PF adhesive is 40% to 66% by weight soybean flour, thus reducing dramatically the use of petroleum-based phenol and formaldehyde. C1 Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Frihart, CR (reprint author), Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDICOES UNIV FERNANDO PESSOA PI PORTO PA PRACA 9 DE ABRIL, 349, PORTO, 4249-004, PORTUGAL BN 972-8830-23-8 PY 2004 BP 293 EP 302 PG 10 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BCI27 UT WOS:000229498100025 ER PT B AU Frihart, CR AF Frihart, CR BE Jorge, FC TI The challenge of bonding treated wood SO Proceedings of ICECFOP1: 1st International Conference on Environmentally-Compatible Forest Products LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Environmentally-Compatible Forest Products CY SEP 22-24, 2004 CL Fernando Pessoa Univ, Oporto, PORTUGAL SP British Council, Fundacao Ciencia & Tecnol, Fundacao Oriente, Fundacao Luso Americana, Management Environm Qual, Emerald, Geonucleo, FPU, Ecole Superieure Bois HO Fernando Pessoa Univ ID ADHESIVE AB Wood products are quite durable if exposure to moisture is minimized; however, most uses of wood involve considerable exposure to moisture. To preserve the wood, chemicals are used to minimize moisture pickup, to prevent insect attack, and/or to resist microbial growth. The chemicals used as preservatives can interfere with adhesive bonds to wood. Given the many potential modes of failures and of interference with bond formation by treatment chemicals, a way to systematically analyze the problem is needed. With the use of several tests, the source of the problem can be generally identified; this information allows the adhesive supplier to understand how to systematically adjust the adhesive formulation to improve bond strength. This is important because new wood-protection chemicals continue to be developed to overcome the limitations of existing treatment chemicals. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Frihart, CR (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDICOES UNIV FERNANDO PESSOA PI PORTO PA PRACA 9 DE ABRIL, 349, PORTO, 4249-004, PORTUGAL BN 972-8830-23-8 PY 2004 BP 351 EP 356 PG 6 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BCI27 UT WOS:000229498100031 ER PT B AU Schroeder, HW AF Schroeder, HW BE Bricker, K Millington, SJ TI The way the world should be: Order, cleanness, and serenity in the experience-of special places SO Proceedings of the 2004 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT NORTHEASTERN FOREST EXPERIMENTAL STATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium CY MAR 28-30, 2004 CL Bolton Landing, NY SP Adirondack Mt, Club Venture Publ, USDA Forest Serv, NE Res Stn AB To understand why people consider certain places to be special, I did surveys asking people to explain what such places mean to them. This paper focuses on five related themes that appeared in the responses: rightness, order, cleanness, serenity, and paradise. Rightness, order, and cleanness all suggest that things are in their right places or in the right relationship with each other. In some of the special place descriptions, a sense of rightness or order gave rise to the experience of serenity. In several of the place descriptions, people likened their special places to paradise or heaven, which can be seen as a place of ultimate rightness, order, and peace. Experiencing a place as paradise may not require the exclusion of human influence. When people interact with a natural place in appropriate ways, the human presence may be experienced as blending into the natural order rather than as an intrusion. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV NE EXPTL STN PI RADNOR PA 5 RADNOR CORPORATE CTR, 100 MATSONFORD RD, STE 200, PO BOX 6775, RADNOR, PA 19087 USA J9 USDA NE EXP PY 2004 VL 326 BP 52 EP 56 PG 5 WC Business; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BCR51 UT WOS:000230926200008 ER PT B AU Horton, K Pavlowsky, R AF Horton, K Pavlowsky, R BE Bricker, K Millington, SJ TI Assessment of recreation impacts on wilderness campsites, Mark Twain National Forest, Missouri SO Proceedings of the 2004 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT NORTHEASTERN FOREST EXPERIMENTAL STATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium CY MAR 28-30, 2004 CL Bolton Landing, NY SP Adirondack Mt, Club Venture Publ, USDA Forest Serv, NE Res Stn AB Congressional direction in the Wilderness Act mandates the natural condition of Wilderness be managed to restrict human influenced impacts on wilderness landscapes while providing outstanding opportunities for recreation and solitude. Many times these opposing interests come in conflict leaving resource managers with the task of balancing recreation use with the preservation of natural conditions. In order to manage these conflicts, this study identifies the patterns and intensity of adverse impacts caused by overnight camping in three designated wilderness areas in the Mark Twain National Forest. This study quantifies the condition of 24 campsites located along 37 miles of trail, representing about 60% of known campsites, using condition classes, physical measurements, and land type associations. The results of this study will be used to develop campsite management strategies to help Forest Service wilderness managers reduce the ongoing effects of campsite degradation in the study area. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Ava, MO 65608 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV NE EXPTL STN PI RADNOR PA 5 RADNOR CORPORATE CTR, 100 MATSONFORD RD, STE 200, PO BOX 6775, RADNOR, PA 19087 USA J9 USDA NE EXP PY 2004 VL 326 BP 130 EP 138 PG 9 WC Business; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BCR51 UT WOS:000230926200020 ER PT B AU Dwyer, JE Klenosky, DB LeBlanc, CL AF Dwyer, JE Klenosky, DB LeBlanc, CL BE Bricker, K Millington, SJ TI Explaining patterns of choice among outdoor recreation sites in metropolitan areas SO Proceedings of the 2004 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT NORTHEASTERN FOREST EXPERIMENTAL STATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium CY MAR 28-30, 2004 CL Bolton Landing, NY SP Adirondack Mt, Club Venture Publ, USDA Forest Serv, NE Res Stn AB This paper reports on a study of the outdoor recreation behavior of 618 (non-Hispanic) Whites, 647 African Americans, and 346 Hispanic Americans in Cook County, Illinois. Respondents were contacted for a phone survey using random digit dialing and a quota for each group. Binary logistic regression models were estimated to explain the use of 19 sites in and near the Chicago Metropolitan Area and one distant site. This paper presents the results of newly-expanded models that include 1) distance to 19 alternative destinations; and 2) demographic characteristics of origins. Suggestions are made for improving modeling and other efforts to explain the use of recreation sites in and near Metropolitan areas. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV NE EXPTL STN PI RADNOR PA 5 RADNOR CORPORATE CTR, 100 MATSONFORD RD, STE 200, PO BOX 6775, RADNOR, PA 19087 USA J9 USDA NE EXP PY 2004 VL 326 BP 295 EP 301 PG 7 WC Business; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BCR51 UT WOS:000230926200042 ER PT B AU Absher, JD Vaske, JJ AF Absher, JD Vaske, JJ BE Bricker, K Millington, SJ TI An ipsative approach to norm crystallization SO Proceedings of the 2004 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT NORTHEASTERN FOREST EXPERIMENTAL STATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium CY MAR 28-30, 2004 CL Bolton Landing, NY SP Adirondack Mt, Club Venture Publ, USDA Forest Serv, NE Res Stn ID MANAGEMENT ACTIONS; FIRE MANAGEMENT; ACCEPTABILITY AB The structural characteristics of norms have prompted a considerable amount of research. One of these characteristics, norm crystallization, has received comparatively little attention in the literature. This paper proposes an ipsative form of norm crystallization and presents results from a wildland fire policy study to illustrate the approach. The results highlight the utility of continued work on the ipsative crystallization measure in terms of both methodology and application for natural resource management decision-making. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV NE EXPTL STN PI RADNOR PA 5 RADNOR CORPORATE CTR, 100 MATSONFORD RD, STE 200, PO BOX 6775, RADNOR, PA 19087 USA J9 USDA NE EXP PY 2004 VL 326 BP 310 EP 314 PG 5 WC Business; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BCR51 UT WOS:000230926200044 ER PT B AU Dennis, DF Twery, MJ Rechlin, MA Hansen, B AF Dennis, DF Twery, MJ Rechlin, MA Hansen, B BE Bricker, K Millington, SJ TI Survey techniques for assessing public preferences for alternate silvicultural treatments in the Adirondacks SO Proceedings of the 2004 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT NORTHEASTERN FOREST EXPERIMENTAL STATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium CY MAR 28-30, 2004 CL Bolton Landing, NY SP Adirondack Mt, Club Venture Publ, USDA Forest Serv, NE Res Stn AB Forest management that includes timber harvesting is sometimes controversial. Silvicultural prescriptions influence stand appearance, wildlife habitats, and recreational opportunities, as well as timber characteristics. We used a conjoint ranking survey, a form of stated choice modeling, to assess public preferences and acceptable tradeoffs with respect to silvicultural treatments to be applied on private lands in the Adirondacks. A series of demographic and attitudinal questions also were completed by respondents, enabling us to examine how preferences for silvicultural treatments and the resulting benefits vary by respondent category. Survey procedures, statistical methods, and techniques for segmenting respondents by their preference structures will be discussed. Results will provide insight into public views on landowner and societal rights and responsibilities regarding private lands as well as the relative values and preferences for alternative silvicultural treatments on privately owned forests. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV NE EXPTL STN PI RADNOR PA 5 RADNOR CORPORATE CTR, 100 MATSONFORD RD, STE 200, PO BOX 6775, RADNOR, PA 19087 USA J9 USDA NE EXP PY 2004 VL 326 BP 350 EP 353 PG 4 WC Business; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BCR51 UT WOS:000230926200050 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ Medina, CD AF Gagne, RJ Medina, CD TI A new species of Procontarinia (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae), an important new pest of mango in the Philippines SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE mango; gall midges; new species AB A new species of cecidomyiid, Procontarinia frugivora Gagne, is reported from mango, Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), in Luzon Island, Philippines, where it has become a serious pest. Adults, pupae, and larvae are described, illustrated, and compared to other Procontarinia species. Erosomyia is a new junior synonym of Procontarinia, so Erosomyia mangiferae Felt is newly combined in Procontarinia. Procontarinia mangiferae (Felt 1916) becomes a new junior homonym of P. mangiferae (Felt 1911), so is given the new replacement name P. biharana Gagne. Rabdophaga mangiferae Mani is newly referred to Procontarinia where it is made a new synonym of P. mangiferae (Felt 1911). C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. Univ Philippines, Natl Crop Protect Ctr, Los Banos Coll, Laguna 4031, Philippines. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM rgagne@sel.barc.usda.gov; celia@laguna.net NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 106 IS 1 BP 19 EP 25 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 761WG UT WOS:000187938000002 ER PT J AU de Willink, MCG Miller, DR AF de Willink, MCG Miller, DR TI Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera : Coccoidea : Pseudococcidae) from Patagonia, Argentina SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Coccoidea; Nothofagus; Patagonia; grass; neotropical ID HOMOPTERA; GENUS AB Two new species of mealybugs, Eurycoccus chubutensis and Pseudantonina vernacula, have been discovered in the Patagonia Region of Argentina collected on Nothofagus dombeyi and on a grass, probably Stipa sp. Adult females and available immature stages of each species are described and illustrated and are compared with other mealybugs from the area. C1 Univ Nacl Tucuman, CONICET, Super Inst Entomol Dr A Willink, INSUE, RA-4000 San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina. ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP de Willink, MCG (reprint author), Univ Nacl Tucuman, CONICET, Super Inst Entomol Dr A Willink, INSUE, Miguel Lille 205, RA-4000 San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina. EM ewillink@arnet.com.ar; dmiller@sel.barc.usda.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 106 IS 1 BP 140 EP 158 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 761WG UT WOS:000187938000014 ER PT J AU Brown, JW Epstein, ME Day, ER AF Brown, JW Epstein, ME Day, ER TI First report of Pryeria sinica moore (Lepidoptera : Zygaenidae) in north America SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material ID LARVAE; MOTH C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USDA ARS, PSI,Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. Virginia Tech Univ, Dept Entomol, Insect Identificat Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Brown, JW (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USDA ARS, PSI,Systemat Entomol Lab, POB 37012,MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM jbrown@sel.barc.usda NR 21 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 106 IS 1 BP 239 EP 242 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 761WG UT WOS:000187938000025 ER PT J AU Hodges, RW AF Hodges, RW TI Alexander Douglas Campbell Ferguson - 1926-2002 - Obituary SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 USDA ARS, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Hodges, RW (reprint author), 85253 Ridgetop Dr, Eugene, OR 97405 USA. EM rwhodges@earthlink.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 106 IS 1 BP 243 EP 244 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 761WG UT WOS:000187938000026 ER PT S AU Palik, B Levy, L Crow, T AF Palik, B Levy, L Crow, T BE Palik, B Levy, L TI The Great Lakes silviculture summit: An introduction and organizing framework SO Proceedings of the Great Lakes Silviculture Summit SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT NORTH CENTRAL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Great Lakes Silviculture Summit CY APR 22-23, 2003 CL Houghton, MI C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MI USA. RP Palik, B (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MI USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV, N CENT RES STN PI ST PAUL PA 1992 FOLWELL AVENUE, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA SN 0363-616X J9 US FOR SERV T R NC PY 2004 VL 254 BP 1 EP 4 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BDO90 UT WOS:000234605800001 ER PT S AU Crow, TR AF Crow, TR BE Palik, B Levy, L TI Silviculture in the new age of conservation SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE GREAT LAKES SILVICULTURE SUMMIT SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT NORTH CENTRAL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Great Lakes Silviculture Summit CY APR 22-23, 2003 CL Houghton, MI ID FORESTS C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Crow, TR (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM tcrow@fs.fed.us NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV, N CENT RES STN PI ST PAUL PA 1992 FOLWELL AVENUE, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA SN 0363-616X J9 US FOR SERV T R NC JI USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. North Cent. PY 2004 VL 254 BP 38 EP 41 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BDO90 UT WOS:000234605800008 ER PT S AU Palik, B Levy, L AF Palik, B Levy, L BE Palik, B Levy, L TI A research agenda for silviculture in the Great Lakes region SO Proceedings of the Great Lakes Silviculture Summit SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT NORTH CENTRAL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Great Lakes Silviculture Summit CY APR 22-23, 2003 CL Houghton, MI C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MI USA. RP Palik, B (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MI USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV, N CENT RES STN PI ST PAUL PA 1992 FOLWELL AVENUE, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA SN 0363-616X J9 US FOR SERV T R NC PY 2004 VL 254 BP 42 EP 46 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BDO90 UT WOS:000234605800009 ER PT J AU Buehlmann, U Zuo, X Thomas, RE AF Buehlmann, U Zuo, X Thomas, RE TI Linear programming and optimizing lumber quality composition in secondary hardwood dimension mills SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART B-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE LA English DT Article DE secondary hardwood dimension manufacturing; linear programming; lumber grade mix; least-cost model; simple linearity; mixture design ID OPERATIONS AB Linear programming has been widely applied in the secondary hardwood dimension manufacturing industries to solve the least-cost lumber grade mix problem, which refers to the search for minimal raw material costs. Most existing models are based on the assumption of a simple linear relationship between lumber grade mix and yield. However, this crucial assumption has never been verified. In this study, the results from a five-factor mixture design statistically proved that none of the cutting bills tested has a simple linear relationship between yield and different lumber grade mixes. It was observed that cutting bill characteristics and lumber quality affect the relationship between yield and lumber grades. Cutting bills that require wider and/or longer parts tend to behave non-linearly. In addition, the more dissimilar lumber grade qualities that are processed, the more likely is the occurrence of a non-linear response. The inability to predict the relationship between yield and lumber grades, coupled with the high percentage of non-simple linear relationships observed in this study, brings into question the validity of the linearity assumption applied in previous linear programming models. Further efforts are needed to construct a new least-cost lumber grade mix model that does not rely on the assumption of a simple linear relationship between lumber grade mix and yield. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Wood & Paper Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Adv Hardwood Proc Lab, NE Res Stn, Princeton, WV USA. RP Buehlmann, U (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Wood & Paper Sci, Biltmore Hall 3036B,Campus Box 8003, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD PI BURY ST EDMUNDS PA NORTHGATE AVENUE, BURY ST EDMUNDS IP32 6BW, SUFFOLK, ENGLAND SN 0954-4054 J9 P I MECH ENG B-J ENG JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B-J. Eng. Manuf. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 218 IS 1 BP 143 EP 147 DI 10.1243/095440504772830291 PG 5 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 800OO UT WOS:000220037800014 ER PT S AU Trout, TJ Gartung, J AF Trout, TJ Gartung, J BE Snyder, RL TI Irrigation water requirements of strawberries SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IVTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON IRRIGATION OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Irrigation of Horticultural Crops CY SEP 01-06, 2003 CL Davis, CA DE crop coefficient; canopy cover; drip irrigation; soil water measurement AB Because of complex planting geometries, crop coefficients for strawberry are difficult to estimate. A field trial was carried out to determine crop coefficients based on canopy cover. Five irrigation amounts were applied to replicated plots based on measured reference evapotranspiration and canopy cover. Although the treatments (70%-150% ETA) resulted in wide variation in irrigation amounts, soil water content increased with each irrigation level and did not indicate over-irrigation with any treatment. However, in spite of the wide variation in soil water content, strawberry growth, health, and yield did not indicate stress or a significant yield response with any treatment. Strawberry crop coefficients could not be determined from these data. C1 USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. RP USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. EM ttrout@fresno.ars.usda.gov OI Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-366-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 664 BP 665 EP 671 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BBT29 UT WOS:000227680000084 ER PT B AU Bermard, J Fripp, J AF Bermard, J Fripp, J BE Hu, C Tan, Y Zhou, Z Shao, X Liu, C TI Development of the USDA-NRCS stream restoration design guide SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RIVER SEDIMENTATION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on River Sedimentation CY OCT 18-21, 2004 CL Yichang, PEOPLES R CHINA SP UNESCO, Int Res & Training Ctr Erosion & Sedimentat DE stream restoration; channel design; soil bioengineering; adaptive management AB For almost 70 years the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has been assisting private landowners by helping conserve, maintain, and improve natural resources and environment. Science-based technical assistance is delivered to local partners on a voluntary basis for a variety of project types. The NRCS is increasingly involved in stream restoration projects that cover the full range of treatments from natural to structural. The goals and objectives of these stream projects typically encompass restoring or rehabilitating a stream to address bed and bank stability and/or habitat enhancement. The NRCS took a leadership role in the development of the "Stream Corridor Restoration: Principles, Processes, and Practices" (FISRWG, 1998), and early on, the need for a comprehensive design guide was recognized. The development of this design guide is presently underway, and the current paper describes the scope and content of this multi-faceted effort. This material will be of interest to the numerous disciplines interested in stream restoration design. The authors are also soliciting additional input that will aid in development of a comprehensive design guide. C1 USDA, NRCS, Conservat Engn Div, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Bermard, J (reprint author), USDA, NRCS, Conservat Engn Div, 1400 Independene Ave SW,Room 6132,POB 2890, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY PRESS PI BEIJING PA TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY HAIDIANQU, BEIJING 100084, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 7-302-09684-8 PY 2004 BP 594 EP 599 PG 6 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA BBP04 UT WOS:000226799100066 ER PT B AU Bernard, J Kellogg, RL AF Bernard, J Kellogg, RL BE Hu, C Tan, Y Zhou, Z Shao, X Liu, C TI Measuring environmental effects associated with conservation practices in watersheds: A component of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RIVER SEDIMENTATION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on River Sedimentation CY OCT 18-21, 2004 CL Yichang, PEOPLES R CHINA SP UNESCO, Int Res & Training Ctr Erosion & Sedimentat DE conservation; soil quality; water quality; models; environmental assessment; inventory AB The Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) was initiated as a result of the large amount of funding ($2 billion-U.S.) for conservation programs in the Food Security Act of 2002, also known as the 2002 Farm Bill. The U.S. public, the Congress, and many others are asking questions about the effectiveness of these conservation expenditures and their results in terms of environmental benefits and effects. The primary focal points are the quality of soil and water and the conservation of water, but additional studies are planned to determine effects of conservation practices on air quality, environmental habitat, carbon sequestration, and other effects and benefits. There are two major components to the project. The first is the National Assessment, which will provide estimates of conservation benefits at the national scale for annual reporting. The National Assessment will use new and existing National Resources Inventory data and field and watershed scale models to generate national reports about the numbers and kinds of practices installed, as well as their costs and environmental outcomes. The second major component of the project is the Watershed Assessment Studies, which will provide in selected watersheds more detailed assessments of environmental effects and benefits than are possible at the national scale, provide a framework for evaluating and improving the performance of the national assessment models, and provide additional research on conservation practices and their expected effects at the watershed scale. This paper describes the project and the two major components, with emphasis on the analytical tools being employed, and specific studies ongoing in research watersheds. C1 USDA, NRCS, Conservat Engn Div, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Bernard, J (reprint author), USDA, NRCS, Conservat Engn Div, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Room 6132,POB 2890, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY PRESS PI BEIJING PA TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY HAIDIANQU, BEIJING 100084, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 7-302-09684-8 PY 2004 BP 2392 EP 2399 PG 8 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA BBP04 UT WOS:000226799100347 ER PT B AU Kuhnle, RA Wren, DG AF Kuhnle, RA Wren, DG BE Hu, C Tan, Y Zhou, Z Shao, X Liu, C TI Simultaneous side by side variability of sediment concentration over dunes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RIVER SEDIMENTATION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on River Sedimentation CY OCT 18-21, 2004 CL Yichang, PEOPLES R CHINA SP UNESCO, Int Res & Training Ctr Erosion & Sedimentat DE suspended sediment transport; lateral variation; dunes; sand ID MULTIFREQUENCY ACOUSTIC BACKSCATTER; BEDLOAD-TRANSPORT RATES; SIZE AB A series of laboratory experiments were conducted in a laboratory flume to characterize the lateral variations of suspended sediment over dunes. Forty experimental runs were made using flow depths of 0.33m and 0.13m in a 1.2m wide flume channel. The Froude number was 0.5 and the median diameter of the bed material was 0.52mm. Point samples and depth-integrated values calculated using acoustic backscatter data of suspended, sediment were collected simultaneously at two lateral positions at spacings of 0.40m, 0.20m, 0.10m and 0.05m. Mean absolute differences between the paired point samples were shown to increase and then level off to values of about 40 percent of the mean concentration as the lateral spacing between samples was increased. Mean absolute differences for paired depth-integrated samples had a similar pattern with values of 30% for the largest spacing. The information provided by this study has important implications for the testing of emerging techniques for measuring suspended sediment in fluvial environments. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Kuhnle, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY PRESS PI BEIJING PA TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY HAIDIANQU, BEIJING 100084, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 7-302-09684-8 PY 2004 BP 2556 EP 2562 PG 7 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA BBP04 UT WOS:000226799100372 ER PT B AU Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Chen, CC Peters, L Youn, HS AF Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Chen, CC Peters, L Youn, HS BE Slob, EC Yarovoy, A Rhebergen, J TI GPR detection of drainage pipes in farmlands SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GROUND PENETRATING RADAR, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR 2004) CY JUN 21-24, 2004 CL Delft Univ Technol, Delft, NETHERLANDS SP TU Delft, Int Res Ctr Telecommun & Radar, TU Delft, Ctr Tech Geosci, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, TNO-FEL, Geophys Sur Syst Inc, 3D Radar-AS, Allied Assoc, Ingegneria Sistemi-SPA, Mala Geosci, Radar Syst Inc, Roadscanners, Sensors & Software, T& A Survey HO Delft Univ Technol DE agricultural drainage pipe; near-surface geophysics; ground penetrating radar ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR AB Our GPR study has been successful in locating on average 72% of the total amount of drainage pipe present at thirteen test plots in southwest, central, and northwest Ohio. Test results indicate that a 250 MHz antenna frequency worked best for drainage pipes, and that data quality is good over a range of spatial sampling intervals and signal trace stacking. Drainage pipes that are as small as 5 cm (2 in) in diameter can be detected at shallow depths. The fired clay or plastic material of which the drainage pipe is comprised does not appear to have much of an impact. 2D grid surveys offer the best chance for finding all the buried drainage pipe possible, and for displaying a subsurface drainage system on an amplitude map, the narrower the spacing between GPR measurement lines, the better the result. The information supplied by this study can be employed to formulate guidelines that will enhance the potential of success for using ground penetrating radar in locating buried agricultural drainage pipe. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Engn, USDA ARS, SDRU, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Engn, USDA ARS, SDRU, 590 Woody Hayes Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM allred.13@osu.edu; daniels.9@osu.edu; Chen.118@osu.edu; volakis@esl.eng.ohio-state.edu RI Chen, Chi-Chih/O-2298-2013 OI Chen, Chi-Chih/0000-0001-6016-7708 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA PY 2004 BP 307 EP 310 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BBJ19 UT WOS:000225736800074 ER PT B AU Gish, TJ Daughtry, CST Walthall, CL Kung, KJS AF Gish, TJ Daughtry, CST Walthall, CL Kung, KJS BE Slob, EC Yarovoy, A Rhebergen, J TI Quantifying impact of hydrology on corn grain yield using ground-penetrating radar SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GROUND PENETRATING RADAR, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR 2004) CY JUN 21-24, 2004 CL Delft Univ Technol, Delft, NETHERLANDS SP TU Delft, Int Res Ctr Telecommun & Radar, TU Delft, Ctr Tech Geosci, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, TNO-FEL, Geophys Sur Syst Inc, 3D Radar-AS, Allied Assoc, Ingegneria Sistemi-SPA, Mala Geosci, Radar Syst Inc, Roadscanners, Sensors & Software, T& A Survey HO Delft Univ Technol DE component; water quality; environment; sustainable agriculture; preferential flow; geographic information system ID TOPOGRAPHY AB Understanding hydrologic processes is fundamental for characterizing agricultural chemical behavior and crop production at the field and watershed scales. Unfortunately, crop production patterns and hydrologic processes exhibit significant spatial and temporal variability. The concept of soil moisture response zones has been proposed and found to be an effective means for identifying areas within a field that are hydrologically similar. Soil moisture response zones were determined using normalized spatial yield patterns from divergent climatic conditions on a small watershed at the USDA-ARS Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland USA. Subsurface hydrology was determined by identifying subsurface convergent flow pathway locations using ground-penetrating radar (GPR), digital elevation maps (DEM) and a GIS. Frequent volumetric soil moisture measurements confirmed the existence of discrete preferential funnel flow processes occurring near the GPR-identified preferential flow pathways. Although the spatial variability of corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield generated coefficients of variation > 114% during a drought, yield were strongly effected by their proximity to GPR-identified subsurface flow pathways. Corn grain yields and the soil moisture response index decreased as the horizontal distance from the GPR-identified subsurface flow pathways increased during a drought. During a growing season where precipitation was abundant, this quantitative relationship was reversed. This research suggests that GPR is an effective tool for quantifying the impact hydrology on crop production. C1 USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gish, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM tgish@hydrolab.arsusda.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA PY 2004 BP 493 EP 496 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BBJ19 UT WOS:000225736800117 ER PT S AU Martin, RR Tzanetakis, IE Gergerich, R Fernandez, G Pesic, Z AF Martin, RR Tzanetakis, IE Gergerich, R Fernandez, G Pesic, Z BE Martin, RR Martin, RR TI Blackberry yellow vein associated virus: A new Crinivirus found in blackberry SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SMALL FRUIT VIRUS DISEASES SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Small Fruit Virus Diseases CY JUL 21-25, 2003 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Inst Valenciano Invest igac Agrarias, Consell er Agr Pesca Alimentac Generalitat Valenciana, Minist Educ Cienc Direct Gen invest, Univ Politecnica Valencia, Agcy Valenciana Cienc Tecnol, Inst Biolog Mole Celular Plantas, Soc Espanola Ciencias Hort, Soc Espanol Fitopatol, Durviz, Loewe, Bioreba DE closteroviruses; Criniviruses; dsRNA; RT-PCR AB During the last three years blackberries in southern and southeastern U.S. have shown symptoms of vein clearing, yellow mottling and plant decline with considerable variation in symptoms with cultivars. We isolated dsRNA from symptomatic plants and identified high molecular weight bands similar to those isolated from plants infected with criniviruses. Paired extractions from virus-tested blackberries did not yield any dsRNA bands with molecular weight greater than 500 bp. Using degenerate primers developed against the crinivirus 1b protein in RTPCR resulted in an amplicon that when sequenced showed the virus was a member of the Crinivirus genus. We have also cloned the virus and sequenced clones containing regions of the minor coat protein of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the new virus, designated as Blackberry yellow vein associated virus (BYVaV), is related most closely to Beet pseudo-yellows virus and Strawberry pallidosis associated virus, two criniviruses recently identified in strawberry. C1 USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Martin, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-099-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 656 BP 137 EP 142 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BBO76 UT WOS:000226753200021 ER PT S AU Martin, RR Keller, KE Mathews, H AF Martin, RR Keller, KE Mathews, H BE Martin, RR Martin, RR TI Development of resistance to Raspberry bushy dwarf virus in 'Meeker' red raspberry SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SMALL FRUIT VIRUS DISEASES SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Small Fruit Virus Diseases CY JUL 21-25, 2003 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Inst Valenciano Invest igac Agrarias, Consell er Agr Pesca Alimentac Generalitat Valenciana, Minist Educ Cienc Direct Gen invest, Univ Politecnica Valencia, Agcy Valenciana Cienc Tecnol, Inst Biolog Mole Celular Plantas, Soc Espanola Ciencias Hort, Soc Espanol Fitopatol, Durviz, Loewe, Bioreba DE Raspberry bushy dwarf virus; coat protein; resistance; fruit quality AB Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) has been a reemerging problem over the past 15 years throughout raspberry growing regions of the world. This is due primarily to growers planting susceptible cultivars that have superior fruit quality. Crumbly fruit and yield reduction can combine to reduce crop value by more than 50%. RBDV is pollen-borne, making chemical control virtually impossible. 'Meeker' raspberry plants were transformed with the coat protein gene, mutated forms of the movement protein gene or nontranslatable RNA of RBDV. The presence of these viral sequences was confirmed by DNA hybridization analysis and RT-PCR of DNAse digested total RNA preparations. Of 197 transgenic lines planted in replicated blocks in the field under extreme disease pressure, five lines remained free of RBDV after four years. All 202 of the wild-type 'Meeker' plants in the same plot were infected with RBDV at the end of four years. Most transgenic lines had 9 of 9 plants infected and a few lines showed partial resistance to infection, with I to 6 of the 9 plants infected. The five lines showing field resistance were also resistant to RBDV when tested by grafting. Fruit evaluations of these five lines showed that they contained the five anthocyanins at the same relative concentrations as were present in wild type 'Meeker' fruit. Field and fruit evaluations of these five lines will be continued for another two years. C1 USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Martin, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-099-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 656 BP 165 EP 169 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BBO76 UT WOS:000226753200026 ER PT S AU Martin, RR AF Martin, RR BE Martin, RR Martin, RR TI Appendix I - Recommended procedures for detection of viruses of small fruit crops SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SMALL FRUIT VIRUS DISEASES SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Small Fruit Virus Diseases CY JUL 21-25, 2003 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Inst Valenciano Invest igac Agrarias, Consell er Agr Pesca Alimentac Generalitat Valenciana, Minist Educ Cienc Direct Gen invest, Univ Politecnica Valencia, Agcy Valenciana Cienc Tecnol, Inst Biolog Mole Celular Plantas, Soc Espanola Ciencias Hort, Soc Espanol Fitopatol, Durviz, Loewe, Bioreba C1 USDA ARS, HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Martin, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS, HCRL, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-099-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 656 BP 199 EP 199 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BBO76 UT WOS:000226753200032 ER PT S AU Scorza, R Anger, W Peterson, D Bett, K Champagne, E Beaulieu, J Ingram, DA AF Scorza, R Anger, W Peterson, D Bett, K Champagne, E Beaulieu, J Ingram, DA BE Laurens, F Evans, K TI Non-destructive evaluation of post-harvest peach fruit softening SO Proceedings of the XIth Eucarpia Symposium on Fruit Breeding and Genetics, Vols 1 and 2 SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Eucarpia Symposium on Fruit Breeding and Genetics CY SEP 01-05, 2003 CL Angers, FRANCE SP European Assoc Res Plant Breeding, INRA, Reg Pays Loire, Pays Loire Council, Conseil Gen Maine Lorie, Anjou council, Angers Agglomerat, Angers Econ Dev Agcy, EU Community Plant Variety Off, Credit Mutuel, Star Fruits, Mondial Fruit Select, Pepinieres Delbard, IPS, Pepinieres Davodeau Ligonniere, Novadi, CEAFL Val Loire, Bur Ressources Genet DE drop test; firmness; fruit quality; impact test; storage ID IMPACT FORCE RESPONSE; FIRMNESS AB Peach fruit firmness was non-destructively measured by a drop-test device that produced serial measurements of the same fruits during post-harvest storage. Evaluations of post-harvest fruit softening were based on C2 values which were calculated as (peak impact force)/(time to impact peak force)(2). The slopes of C2 values over storage time were used to compare softening between cultivars and within a cultivar harvested at 3 stages of ripening. The use of this device demonstrated the effects of harvest stage on post-harvest softening, with firmer fruit from the same cultivar generally softening at a faster rate than fruit harvested at a more advanced state of pre-harvest softening. Cultivar comparisons suggested the potential utility of non-destructive measurements in selecting genotypes with longer post-harvest storage life. C1 USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25443 USA. RP Scorza, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25443 USA. OI Beaulieu, John/0000-0001-7767-5901 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-386-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 663 BP 269 EP 273 PN 1-2 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA BCD70 UT WOS:000228754100044 ER PT S AU Forsline, PL Aldwinckle, HS AF Forsline, PL Aldwinckle, HS BE Laurens, F Evans, K TI Evaluation of Malus sieversii seedling populations for disease resistance and horticultural traits SO Proceedings of the XIth Eucarpia Symposium on Fruit Breeding and Genetics, Vols 1 and 2 SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Eucarpia Symposium on Fruit Breeding and Genetics CY SEP 01-05, 2003 CL Angers, FRANCE SP European Assoc Res Plant Breeding, INRA, Reg Pays Loire, Pays Loire Council, Conseil Gen Maine Lorie, Anjou council, Angers Agglomerat, Angers Econ Dev Agcy, EU Community Plant Variety Off, Credit Mutuel, Star Fruits, Mondial Fruit Select, Pepinieres Delbard, IPS, Pepinieres Davodeau Ligonniere, Novadi, CEAFL Val Loire, Bur Ressources Genet DE apple; fire blight; apple scab; Venturia inaequalis; Erwinia amylovora; Kazakhstan AB Malus sieversii, a wild apple species native to Central Asia has been recognized as the major progenitor of the domestic apple. Recent collection trips to Central Asia have verified that M. sieversii is very diverse and has all the qualities present in M. x domestica. Nearly 100,000 seeds from 700 wild M. sieversii trees were collected in seven distinct areas of Kazakhstan over two collection trips (1995/96). Nearly 20,000 of these seeds have been distributed to scientists worldwide who are evaluating seedlings for multiple traits under different environments. This investigation features a subset of 6yr-old seedlings originating from two areas in Kazakhstan: the northernmost (site 9); and southernmost (site 6). Seedlings were screened for resistance to Venturia inaequalis (apple scab) at the young seedling stage and planted as own-rooted seedlings in a high density orchard in Geneva, New York. Included are 14 elite populations (204 seedlings) out of the 85 seed lots collected at site 6, and 29 elite populations (388 seedlings) out of the 207 seed lots from site 9, as well as 12 grafted elite clones (mothers of some of the 388 seedlings) from site 9. Scab resistance of plants grown in Geneva was found in 40% of seedlings from site 6 and 47% of those from site 9. Natural infection with Erwinia amylovora (fire blight) was recorded, with those from site 9 showing significantly higher levels than those from site 6. In the 6(th) leaf, we characterized fruit using multiple descriptors on 55% of seedlings from site 6 and 28% from site 9. Among the many descriptors measured, individual fruit size was quite variable among the many trees, but generally much larger from site 9 than site 6. The range of fruit weight from different trees was: 17-72 g (site 6); 20-102 g (site 9); and 74-158 g (site-9 clones). We anticipate this germplasm, along with that from the broad M. sieversii evaluation project, will offer useful genetic diversity for crop improvement. C1 Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Forsline, PL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-386-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 663 BP 529 EP 534 PN 1-2 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA BCD70 UT WOS:000228754100092 ER PT S AU Fazio, G Mazzola, M AF Fazio, G Mazzola, M BE Laurens, F Evans, K TI Target traits for the development of marker assisted selection of apple rootstocks - Prospects and benefits SO Proceedings of the XIth Eucarpia Symposium on Fruit Breeding and Genetics, Vols 1 and 2 SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Eucarpia Symposium on Fruit Breeding and Genetics CY SEP 01-05, 2003 CL Angers, FRANCE SP European Assoc Res Plant Breeding, INRA, Reg Pays Loire, Pays Loire Council, Conseil Gen Maine Lorie, Anjou council, Angers Agglomerat, Angers Econ Dev Agcy, EU Community Plant Variety Off, Credit Mutuel, Star Fruits, Mondial Fruit Select, Pepinieres Delbard, IPS, Pepinieres Davodeau Ligonniere, Novadi, CEAFL Val Loire, Bur Ressources Genet DE Malus x domestica; replant disease; dwarfing ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; REPLANT DISEASE; GROWTH; SOILS AB The prospects for using marker assisted selection (MAS) to develop new apple rootstocks are becoming more promising. Very little has been known of the heritability or the type of genetic inheritance of important apple rootstock traits such as precocity, dwarfing, and disease resistance. Using data from apple rootstock segregating populations in Geneva, NY, we are learning of the genetic inheritance of these traits. We are combining this knowledge with bulked segregant analysis to discover molecular markers linked to these traits when they fit a simple inheritance model and QTL mapping to discover genomic regions affecting quantitative characters. Recently an analysis of dwarfing in half sib populations of M.9 revealed its relatively simple inheritance making it a target trait for the development of markers for MAS. Another study found genetic relationships between apple rootstocks and replant disease antagonists. Molecular markers for these characters would be beneficial to apple rootstock breeding programs and would significantly reduce evaluation time and increase efficiency of the breeding program when compared to phenotypic selection. However, despite its potential benefits, MAS applied to apple rootstock breeding will likely be restricted to a limited set of traits and parents where data for segregating populations is available. C1 Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Fazio, G (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, 630 North St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-386-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 663 BP 823 EP 827 PN 1-2 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA BCD70 UT WOS:000228754100149 ER PT S AU Schneider, WL Sherman, DJ Stone, AL Damsteegt, VD Frederick, RD AF Schneider, WL Sherman, DJ Stone, AL Damsteegt, VD Frederick, RD BE Llacer, G TI Detection and quantification of Plum pox potyvirus in aphid vectors by real-time fluorescent reverse transcription-PCR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XIXTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON VIRUS AND VIRUS-LIKE DISEASES OF TEMPERATE FRUIT CROPS: FRUIT TREE DISEASES SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Symposium on Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops CY JUL 21-25, 2003 CL Anaheim, CA SP Inst Valenciano Invest Agrarias, Conseller Agr Pesca Alimentac Generalitat Valenciana, Minist Educ Cienc Direct Gen invest, Univ Politecnica Valencia, Agcy Valenciana Cienc Tecnol, Inst Biol Mole Celular Plantas, Soc Espanola Ciencias Hort, Soc Espanol Fitopatol, Bioreba, Durviz, Loewe DE virus detection; aphid transmission ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; VIRUS AB A real-time, fluorescent, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed for the detection of Plum pox potyvirus (PPV). The methods developed are reproducible, specific to PPV, and sensitive enough to consistently detect PPV transcripts at the 10 fg level. The assay is more sensitive than either ELISA or traditional PCR followed by electrophoretic visualization with ethidium-bromide. All strains of PPV were detected from multiple hosts and from multiple Prunus tissues (leaf, stem, bud, and root). A dilution series using an in vitro synthesized transcript containing the target sequence as a standard demonstrated that the assay was effective for quantification of viral template. The assay was used to measure the levels of virus acquired by several aphid species. C1 USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schneider, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-148-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 657 BP 135 EP 139 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BBO77 UT WOS:000226753300017 ER PT S AU Mavrodieva, VA Levy, L AF Mavrodieva, VA Levy, L BE Llacer, G TI Real-time RT-PCR of PPV with RAPID a field-hardened PCR unit for in-field detection SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XIXTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON VIRUS AND VIRUS-LIKE DISEASES OF TEMPERATE FRUIT CROPS: FRUIT TREE DISEASES SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Symposium on Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops CY JUL 21-25, 2003 CL Anaheim, CA SP Inst Valenciano Invest Agrarias, Conseller Agr Pesca Alimentac Generalitat Valenciana, Minist Educ Cienc Direct Gen invest, Univ Politecnica Valencia, Agcy Valenciana Cienc Tecnol, Inst Biol Mole Celular Plantas, Soc Espanola Ciencias Hort, Soc Espanol Fitopatol, Bioreba, Durviz, Loewe DE quarantine; Prunus; Plum pox virus; diagnosis ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REACTION ASSAY; VIRUS AB Plum pox virus (PPV) is a regulated plant virus, subject to state and federal quarantine in the United States. PPV was first detected in North America in fall of 1999 in Pennsylvania (Levy et al., 2000) and is the subject of an eradication program. Accurate and timely diagnosis of regulatory plant pathogens is the first step in their control. Most of the existing methods for pathogen detection and identification, such as morphology and serology, are time consuming and/or not adequately sensitive. Conventional PCR is highly specific and sensitive but requires gel analysis. Real-time PCR is becoming more widely used for diagnostic purposes due to its format flexibility, speed, and sensitivity. Portable real-time PCR instruments enable real-time PCR application for on-site plant pathogen detection in quarantine zones, ports of entry, or survey sites. PPV PCR diagnosis in our laboratory is done by IC-RT-PCR using 2 pairs of primers: universal 3'-NCR primers (Levy and Hadidi, 1994) and P1-P2 primers (Wetzel et al., 1991). We adapted and optimized the 3'-NCR PCR to develop a one-step real-time IC-RT-PCR using SYBR Green for fluorescent detection of PPV. Combining anti-PPV polyclonal antibody for immunocapture with universal 3'-NCR primers allows detection of all 4 known groups of PPV strains D, M, SoC and El Amar. The IC step can be done for 2 hours at 37degreesC without compromising PCR sensitivity and the entire PCR detection can be completed in 5-6 hours. Further, we designed and evaluated three TaqMan probes for PPV real-time RT-PCR detection using the 3'-NCR and P1/P2 primer sets that also showed high sensitivity and specificity. C1 USDA, APHIS PPQ, CPHST, NPGBL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mavrodieva, VA (reprint author), USDA, APHIS PPQ, CPHST, NPGBL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-148-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 657 BP 141 EP 147 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BBO77 UT WOS:000226753300018 ER PT S AU Damsteegt, VD Stone, AL Schneider, WL Luster, DG Gildow, FE AF Damsteegt, VD Stone, AL Schneider, WL Luster, DG Gildow, FE BE Llacer, G TI Potential Prunus host range of PPV-PENN isolates by aphid transmission SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XIXTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON VIRUS AND VIRUS-LIKE DISEASES OF TEMPERATE FRUIT CROPS: FRUIT TREE DISEASES SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Symposium on Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops CY JUL 21-25, 2003 CL Anaheim, CA SP Inst Valenciano Invest Agrarias, Conseller Agr Pesca Alimentac Generalitat Valenciana, Minist Educ Cienc Direct Gen invest, Univ Politecnica Valencia, Agcy Valenciana Cienc Tecnol, Inst Biol Mole Celular Plantas, Soc Espanola Ciencias Hort, Soc Espanol Fitopatol, Bioreba, Durviz, Loewe DE Prunus species; aphid transmission; PPV; host range; Myzus persicae; Brachycaudus persicae AB Natural spread of Plum pox potyvirus (PPV) occurs by aphid transmission, grafting, or movement of infected nursery stock. Two proven aphid vectors of Plum pox virus, Myzus persicae and/or Brachycaudus persicae were used to transmit North American isolates of PPV to a range of commercial and ornamental Prunus species to test the ability of these species to function as PPV reservoirs. Inoculum sources were 'Lovell' peach seedlings infected with the PPV-PENN-3 or PPV-PENN-4 isolates by previous aphid transmission. Aphids were starved for 30 min, placed onto either detached symptomatic PPV-infected peach leaves or intact peach seedlings, and then allowed a 3-day acquisition-inoculation feeding period from infected tissues to the healthy Prunus seedlings. Seedlings were sprayed with insecticide, placed onto greenhouse benches and observed for 6 to 8 weeks for development of symptoms. Test plants were analyzed by ELISA and PCR, and then back-assayed to 'Lovell' peach seedlings by healthy Myzuspersicae. Test plants then were vernalized at 4.1degrees C for 8-10 weeks. At four-weeks post-vernalization, plants were tested by ELISA and/or RT-PCR to verify systemic infection. Fourteen of the 15 Prunus species tested positive for PPV infection following the initial aphid transmission. Twelve of the 14 infected species were verified to function as potential PPV sources in subsequent aphid transmissions to peach. To date, at least 10 of the 14 Prunus species maintained systemic PPV infection following vernalization. Only A cerasus (sour cherry) tested negative to PPV infection. Other cherry species, including A avium, P. cistena, and A serrulata maintained systemic infection through vernalization. Results suggest that all species tested except A cerasus, could function as PPV hosts associated with unintentional movement of infected nursery stock and as reservoirs for aphid transmission. C1 USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Damsteegt, VD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-148-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 657 BP 201 EP 205 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BBO77 UT WOS:000226753300028 ER PT S AU Scorza, R Webb, K Ravelonandro, M AF Scorza, R Webb, K Ravelonandro, M BE Llacer, G TI Analysis of methylation and post-transcriptional gene silencing in embryos and seedlings of C5, a transgenic Plum pox virus resistant plum Prunus domestica L. SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XIXTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON VIRUS AND VIRUS-LIKE DISEASES OF TEMPERATE FRUIT CROPS: FRUIT TREE DISEASES SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Symposium on Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops CY JUL 21-25, 2003 CL Anaheim, CA SP Inst Valenciano Invest Agrarias, Conseller Agr Pesca Alimentac Generalitat Valenciana, Minist Educ Cienc Direct Gen invest, Univ Politecnica Valencia, Agcy Valenciana Cienc Tecnol, Inst Biol Mole Celular Plantas, Soc Espanola Ciencias Hort, Soc Espanol Fitopatol, Bioreba, Durviz, Loewe DE PTGS; resetting; seedlings; seeds; sharka ID COAT PROTEIN GENE AB We have previously shown that in the Plum Pox virus (PPV)-resistant transgenic plum clone C5 the PPV-coat protein (CP) insert is post-transcriptionally silenced (PTGS) and methylated. The transgene insert and PPV resistance are mutually inherited in progeny of C5. In herbaceous systems, PTGS has been shown to be "re-set" following seed germination. To our knowledge, this phenomenon has not been studied in woody perennials. P. domestica is a woody perennial that normally requires stratification (moist chilling) for germination. Seeds of openpollinated C5 carrying the PPV-CP insert were germinated with and without stratification, as were seeds of C3, a non-PTGS PPV-CP transgenic clone that is susceptible to PPV. DNA analyses showed that at one month following germination the PPV-CP gene in C5 was methylated in seedlings from both stratified and nonstratified treatments at levels comparable to the levels in leaves of the C5 parent, whereas the nptII and uid4 transgenes were unmethylated as expected. No transgene methylation was found in C3 seedlings. These results demonstrate the early expression of PPV-CP transgene methylation in seedlings of the C5 PPV-resistant plum clone. C1 USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Scorza, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-148-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 657 BP 317 EP 320 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BBO77 UT WOS:000226753300049 ER PT S AU Scorza, R Malinowski, T Minoiu, N Ravelonandro, M AF Scorza, R Malinowski, T Minoiu, N Ravelonandro, M BE Llacer, G TI Potential use of transgenic plums resistant to Plum pox virus field infection SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XIXTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON VIRUS AND VIRUS-LIKE DISEASES OF TEMPERATE FRUIT CROPS: FRUIT TREE DISEASES SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Symposium on Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops CY JUL 21-25, 2003 CL Anaheim, CA SP Inst Valenciano Invest Agrarias, Conseller Agr Pesca Alimentac Generalitat Valenciana, Minist Educ Cienc Direct Gen invest, Univ Politecnica Valencia, Agcy Valenciana Cienc Tecnol, Inst Biol Mole Celular Plantas, Soc Espanola Ciencias Hort, Soc Espanol Fitopatol, Bioreba, Durviz, Loewe DE resistance; Plum pox potyvirus; transgene silencing; Prunus domestica; sharka ID COAT PROTEIN GENE; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL GENE; PRUNUS-DOMESTICA AB Research to date indicates that post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is an effective strategy for the development of stable high-level resistance to Plum pox virus in plum. Field tests in Poland, Romania, and Spain show that after 5-6 years of natural aphid vectored inoculation, trees of the PTGS clone C5 remain virus-free. The effectiveness of transgene-based PTGS for imparting potyvirus resistance and the relatively rapid incorporation of this trait into Prunus germplasm suggests continued exploration and employment of this strategy for producing virus resistant stone fruits and other woody perennial tree fruits. C1 USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Scorza, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-148-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2004 IS 657 BP 321 EP 324 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BBO77 UT WOS:000226753300050 ER PT S AU Ziemer, RR AF Ziemer, RR BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Scale considerations for linking hillslopes to aquatic habitats SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 22 EP 32 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800005 ER PT S AU Spies, TA AF Spies, TA BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Landscape assessment in a multiownership province SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM tspies@fs.fed.us NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW JI USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. Pac. Northwest PY 2004 VL 596 BP 33 EP 37 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800006 ER PT S AU Raphael, MG AF Raphael, MG BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Implications of scale on viability assessments of terrestrial wildlife species SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 38 EP 41 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800007 ER PT S AU Neilson, RP AF Neilson, RP BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Projecting potential landscape dynamics: Issues and challenges SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA ID CLIMATE; MODEL; VEGETATION; FORESTS C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 42 EP 47 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800008 ER PT S AU Walker, M AF Walker, M BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Scaling and landscape dynamics in northern ecosystems SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA ID VEGETATION RESPONSE; INTERIOR ALASKA; MODEL; HISTORY; CLIMATE C1 Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn,Boreal Ecol Cooperat Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 48 EP 56 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800009 ER PT S AU Clark, RN Kruger, LE McCool, SF Stankey, GH AF Clark, RN Kruger, LE McCool, SF Stankey, GH BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Landscape perspectives SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 57 EP 60 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800010 ER PT S AU Donoghue, EM Raettig, TL Christensen, HH AF Donoghue, EM Raettig, TL Christensen, HH BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Human adaptation to environmental change: Implications at multiple scales SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Portland, OR 97208 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 62 EP 66 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800012 ER PT S AU Alig, RJ AF Alig, RJ BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Land use and land cover dynamics: Changes in landscapes across space and time SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA ID FORESTS C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 67 EP 73 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800013 ER PT S AU Hessburg, PF Smith, BG Salter, RB Ottmar, RD Alvarado, E AF Hessburg, PF Smith, BG Salter, RB Ottmar, RD Alvarado, E BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Recent changes (1930s-1990s) in spatial patterns of interior northwest forests, USA SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800017 ER PT S AU Reynolds, KM Reeves, GH AF Reynolds, KM Reeves, GH BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Analysis and communication of monitoring data with knowledge-based systems SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. OI Reynolds, Keith/0000-0002-5286-4754 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 95 EP 104 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800018 ER PT S AU McGaughey, RJ AF McGaughey, RJ BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI Seeing the forest and the trees: Visualizing stand and landscape conditions SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 Univ Washington, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 105 EP 109 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800019 ER PT S AU Christensen, G Barbour, RJ Johnston, S AF Christensen, G Barbour, RJ Johnston, S BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI A method to simulate the volume and quality of wood produced under an ecologically sustainable landscape management plan SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA AB Adopting the Northwest Forest Plan into federal land management brought with it many new challenges to forest planning. One challenge is to determine what effect using new and untested silvicultural treatments to meet ecologically based objectives will have on the production of wood or other products that society values. Determining the quantity and quality of potential outputs as a consequence of ecological restoration activities is important to helping understand the cost to society of implementing such a plan. The difficulty comes from the scale of the problem. No longer are short-term stand-level analyses adequate; evaluation of forest outputs has to be at meaningful spatial and temporal scales. To be successful, new methods will have to be developed. The objective of this paper is to present a method used to evaluate wood removals from a landscape management plan that was developed to meet ecological objectives by mimicking past disturbance cycles. This required extending stand-level techniques for simulating quality and quantity of wood to 980 stands in the Blue River watershed of western Oregon. Silvicultural prescriptions include a range of thinning intensities and frequencies combined with extended rotation ages (100 to 260 years). Study results include the range of products that might be manufactured under different silvicultural alternatives and evaluate the volume as well as the quality of primary and secondary products. Primary product quality estimates include log attributes such as diameter, branch size, juvenile wood, and growth ring count. Secondary product estimates include lumber or veneer volume recovered by grade and likely end use. C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Portland, OR 97208 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 110 EP 117 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800020 ER PT S AU Kruger, LE AF Kruger, LE BE Gucinski, H Miner, C Bittner, B TI A social science perspective on the importance of scale SO PROCEEDINGS: VIEW FROM THE RIDGE-CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING AT THE LANDSCAPE SCALE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PACIFIC NORTHWEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Views from the Ridge - Considerations for Planning at the Landscape Scale CY NOV 02-04, 1999 CL Vancouver, CANADA AB All ecological processes and types of ecological structure are multiscaled. Each particular structure relates to a particular scale used to observe it such that, at the scale of perception, the entity appears most cohesive, explicable, and predictable. The scale of a process becomes fixed only once the associated scaled structures are prescribed and set in their scaled context. Scaling is done by the observer; it is not a matter of nature independent of observation. (Allen and Hoekstra 1992: 11, emphasis added.) This paper offers a very brief introduction to some scale-related considerations from the perspective of a social scientist. The paper does not provide an indepth discussion, but my hope is that enough information is provided to provoke thought and additional exploration in these areas. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV PACIFIC NW RESEARCH STN PI PORTLAND PA 319 SW PINE ST, PO BOX 3890, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA SN 0363-6224 J9 US FOR SERV T R PNW PY 2004 VL 596 BP 119 EP 124 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BY88Q UT WOS:000189486800021 ER PT S AU Rinne, JN Riley, L Bettaso, R Sorenson, R Young, K AF Rinne, JN Riley, L Bettaso, R Sorenson, R Young, K BE Nickum, MJ Mazik, PM Nickum, JG Mackinlay, DD TI Managing southwestern native and nonnative fishes: Can we mix oil and water and expect a favorable solution? SO PROPAGATED FISH IN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Propagated Fish in Resource Management CY JUN 16-18, 2003 CL Boise, ID ID UNITED-STATES; RIO-GRANDE; NEW-MEXICO; TOPMINNOW; APACHE; TROUT AB The native fish fauna of the Southwest has become markedly reduced in range and numbers over the past century. Dramatic changes in aquatic habitats and the introduction of normative fishes are related to their demise. Major southwestern river systems such as the Colorado, Rio Grande, Gila, and Verde presently contain normative, primarily sport fish assemblages, in combination with rare, declining, and listed native species. The Arizona Game and Fish Department in collaboration with federal and private agencies is responsible for managing both of these fish groups in a representative state, Arizona. Two questions can be offered: "Is it desirable, and possible, to sustain both Fish groups in the waters of Arizona?" and further, "Is it possible to sustain both fish groups in the same river, stream, lake for spring?" Currently, the Arizona Game and Fish Department (Department) propagates primarily coldwater species; however, a half a dozen species, including the threatened Apache trout Oncorhynchus gilae apache, Colorado pikeminnow Ptychocheilus lucius, razorback sucker Xyrauchen texanus, Gila topminnow Poeciliopsis occidentalis, and desert pupfish Cyprinodon nevadensis, are also reared in hatcheries and refugia habitats. Repatriation programs for these same species are ongoing in Arizona. A critical component for recovery of these rare, native species will be to sustain secure habitats for their repatriation. Cooperative programs with the U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Bureau of Land Management, and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation seek available habitats for restoration of native Fishes. The management activities of many agencies over the last century have contributed to the hydrological and biological state of southwestern river systems. Cooperation among these same agencies will be necessary to conserve and enhance native fishes while sportfishing continues. The answer to the above two questions are (1) "Yes, both groups are being managed under department mission statements"; and (2) "No, efforts to do so should in the same habitats are not recommended and should not be attempted." C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Rinne, JN (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2500 S Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 74 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 1-888569-69-7 J9 AM FISH S S PY 2004 VL 44 BP 445 EP 466 PG 22 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA BBW47 UT WOS:000228130200037 ER PT S AU Brazil, B Vinci, B Summerfelt, S AF Brazil, B Vinci, B Summerfelt, S BE Nickum, MJ Mazik, PM Nickum, JG Mackinlay, DD TI Fish culture system design for the future SO PROPAGATED FISH IN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Propagated Fish in Resource Management CY JUN 16-18, 2003 CL Boise, ID ID REARING-UNIT; SALMON; HATCHERIES; MANAGEMENT; STEELHEAD; POPULATIONS; ENVIRONMENT; FACILITIES; METABOLISM; BEHAVIOR AB Concerns for long-term water supply, public calls for environmental compatibility, potential pathogen contamination from influent and effluent waters, and increasingly restrictive water discharge regulations have led to the application of advanced water treatment technologies at various aquaculture facilities. As a result, novel management strategies and innovative facility designs have been developed for culturing fish in controlled or semicontrolled environments. However, questions surrounding the quality of the product obtained from such facilities suggest that greater attention should be given to end use requirements during the design, engineering, and operation of facilities culturing food fish or facilities culturing fish intended for wild release. The optimal "wild" fish that is to be produced for recovery or supplementation purposes is profoundly different than the optimal "domesticated" fish that is produced for food or for put-and-take stocking. Facility design considerations will be presented, which include the intended use of the fish and physical/chemical limitations of water sources. The various design and operating parameters that must be considered include differences in culture density, photoperiod, time to harvest/stocking, feed formulation, culture system scale and replications, tank surface properties, hydrodynamics, water quality, and physical/chemical limitations of water sources. However, assorted design parameters and culture conditions can be addressed with similar culture system unit processes. Finally, this paper will provide design examples of innovative fish culture strategies applying state-of-the-art technologies. C1 USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Brazil, B (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 1-888569-69-7 J9 AM FISH S S PY 2004 VL 44 BP 635 EP 644 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA BBW47 UT WOS:000228130200052 ER PT S AU Hadsell, DL AF Hadsell, DL BE Pickering, LK Morrow, AL RuizPalacios, GM Schanler, RJ TI Genetic manipulation of mammary gland development and lactation SO PROTECTING INFANTS THROUGH HUMAN MILK: ADVANCING THE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference of the International-Society-for-Research-in-Human-Milk-and-Lactation CY OCT 04-08, 2002 CL Mexico City, MEXICO SP Int Soc Res Human Milk & Lactat ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR USF; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; MILK PROTEIN GENE; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; BOVINE ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN; TRANSGENIC MICE BEARING; HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN; GERM-LINE TRANSMISSION; SMALL INTERFERING RNAS AB The mammalian genome is believed to contain some 30,000 to 40,000 different genes. Of these an estimated 42% have no known function. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) have been a powerful tool available for determining gene function in vivo. In the mammary gland, a variety of genetic engineering approaches have been applied successfully to understanding the importance of specific gene products to mammary gland development and lactation. Our own laboratory has applied genetically engineered mice to facilitate understanding of the regulation of mammary gland development and lactation by insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and by the transcription factor, upstream stimulatory factor (USF-2). Our studies on transgenic mice that overexpress IGF-I have demonstrated the importance of IGF-dependent signaling pathways to maintenance of mammary epithelial cells during the declining phase of lactation. Our analysis of early developmental processes in mammary tissue from mice that carry a targeted mutation in the IGF-I receptor gene suggests that IGF-dependent stimulation of cell cycle progression is more important to early mammary gland development than potential antiapoptotic effects. Lastly, our studies on mice that carry a targeted mutation of the Usf2 gene have demonstrated that this gene is necessary for normal lactation and have highlighted the importance of this gene to the maintenance of protein synthesis. These studies, as well as studies of others, have highlighted both the strengths and limitations inherent in the use of GEMM. Limitations serve as the driving force behind development of-new experimental strategies and genetic engineering schemes that will allow for a full understanding of gene function within the mammary gland. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Hadsell, DL (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St,Suite 10072, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dhadsell@bcm.tmc.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK52197] NR 181 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-48588-5 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2004 VL 554 BP 229 EP 251 PG 23 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Nutrition & Dietetics; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Nutrition & Dietetics; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA BAU75 UT WOS:000223641000017 PM 15384580 ER PT S AU Haney, PM AF Haney, PM BE Pickering, LK Morrow, AL RuizPalacios, GM Schanler, RJ TI Glucose transport in lactation SO PROTECTING INFANTS THROUGH HUMAN MILK: ADVANCING THE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference of the International-Society-for-Research-in-Human-Milk-and-Lactation CY OCT 04-08, 2002 CL Mexico City, MEXICO SP Int Soc Res Human Milk & Lactat ID MAMMARY-GLAND; EPITHELIAL-CELLS AB Lactose is the major carbohydrate of human milk and is also the major osmotic constituent of human milk. Therefore, synthesis of lactose is the major determinant of the volume of milk produced by the lactating human mammary gland. Lactose is synthesized from free glucose and UDP-galactose. Thus, glucose transport is required not only across the plasma membrane but also across an intracellular membrane to the compartment of lactose synthesis. The latter requirement is unique to mammary epithelial cells. Historically, based primarily on subcellular fractionation studies, lactose synthesis was thought to occur in Golgi. Yet, the only known glucose transporter isoform expressed in mammary gland is GLUT1, a plasma membrane glucose transporter. We therefore comprehensively studied the possible role of GLUT1 as a glucose transporter. We tested the hypothesis that changes in the amount, activity, and subceflular targeting of GLUT1 during lactation are consistent with an important role for GLUT1 in the regulation of lactation. The experiments described here summarize our recent work in the lactating mouse mammary gland and in mouse mammary epithelial cells in culture. The results demonstrate that GLUT1 is targeted to an intracellular compartment. However, studies in mammary epithelial cells in culture demonstrate that this is not a Golgi compartment, but a low-density, exquisitely Brefeldin A-sensitive compartment of Golgi-related vesicles. This raises the possibility that lactose synthesis does not take place in the Golgi proper. The results strongly suggest that GLUT1 appears to be important in delivery of substrate to the site of lactose synthesis. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Sect Neonatol,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Haney, PM (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Sect Neonatol,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM phaney@neo.bcm.tmc.edu FU NICHD NIH HHS [1R29HD/DK34701] NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-48588-5 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2004 VL 554 BP 253 EP 261 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Nutrition & Dietetics; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Nutrition & Dietetics; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA BAU75 UT WOS:000223641000018 PM 15384581 ER PT B AU More, TA AF More, TA BE Harmon, D Kilgore, BM Vietzke, GE TI Facts, values, and decision-making in recreation resource management SO Protecting Our Diverse Heritage: The Role of Parks, Protected Areas, and Cultural Sites LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT George-Wright-Society/National Park Service Joint Conference CY APR 14, 2003-APR 18, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP George Wright Soc, Natl Pk Serv, USGS, Calif State Pks, Eastern Natl, Environm Careers Org ID QUANTIFYING SCENIC BEAUTY C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Northeastern Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORGE WRIGHT SOCIETY, INC. PI HANCOCK PA PO BOX 65, HANCOCK, MI 49930-0065 USA PY 2004 BP 140 EP 144 PG 5 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BCW15 UT WOS:000231503300032 ER PT B AU Shields, FD Knight, S AF Shields, FD Knight, S BE Clar, M Carpenter, D Gracie, J Slate, L TI Ten years after: Stream habitat restoration project in retrospect SO PROTECTION AND RESTORATION OF URBAN AND RURAL STREAMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Protection and Restoration of Urban and Rural Streams CY JUN 23-25, 2003 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Urban Water Resources Res Council, Urban Streams Comm, Waterways Council, River Restorat Comm, Amer Soc Civil Engineers, Environm & Water Resources Inst ID CHANNEL INCISION; REHABILITATION AB Long-term assessments of ecosystem rehabilitation project effects are rare. Herein we describe a study of the Hotophia Creek rehabilitation project in northwest Mississippi. The stream channel was subjected to channelization ca. 1963 and experienced rapid channel erosion between 1963 and 1985, with annual suspended sediment yield exceeding 1,000 t km(-2). More than $10 million were expended on erosion control measures within the 90-km(2) watershed between 1985 and 2000, with an attendant sixfold reduction in suspended sediment yield. Fish and physical aquatic habitat data were collected for one year prior to construction of a one-km long stream habitat rehabilitation project in 1992. Habitat rehabilitation consisted of extending existing stone spurs, placing stone toe, and planting willow cuttings. Post construction monitoring was conducted for the four years following construction, and at 10 years following construction. Parallel monitoring was conducted on an untreated reference stream and on untreated reaches upstream on Hotophia Creek. Effects of rehabilitation on habitat and fish communities were found to be positive in both the short and long term. For example, after 10 years, mean water depth in the reach subjected to rehabilitation was more than twice as great as for untreated reaches upstream. Woody riparian vegetation more than doubled and large woody debris density increased by an order of magnitude in both treated and untreated streams. Fish species richness and numbers were lower after 10 years, perhaps due to reduced sampling efficiency associated with greater water depth. However, fish populations shifted away from domination by large numbers of small, opportunistic generalists and toward dominance by large-bodied, pool-dwelling species typical of more pristine streams. Prior to rehabilitation, 51% of the fish captured were cyprinids (minnows), while 10 years later 61% of the fish captured were centrarchids (sunfishes). C1 USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Proc Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Shields, FD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Proc Res Unit, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 0-7844-0695-2 PY 2004 BP 38 EP 50 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BAH14 UT WOS:000222180700004 ER PT B AU Fripp, J Robinson, KM Bernard, J AF Fripp, J Robinson, KM Bernard, J BE Clar, M Carpenter, D Gracie, J Slate, L TI Developing an NRCS stream restoration design guide SO PROTECTION AND RESTORATION OF URBAN AND RURAL STREAMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Protection and Restoration of Urban and Rural Streams CY JUN 23-25, 2003 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Urban Water Resources Res Council, Urban Streams Comm, Waterways Council, River Restorat Comm, Amer Soc Civil Engineers, Environm & Water Resources Inst AB For almost 70 years the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has been assisting private landowners by helping conserve, maintain, and improve natural resources and environment. Science-based technical assistance is delivered to local partners on a voluntary basis for a variety of project types. The NRCS is increasingly involved in stream restoration projects that cover the full range of treatments from natural to structural. The goals and objectives of these stream projects typically encompass restoring or rehabilitating a stream to address bed and bank stability and/or habitat enhancement. The NRCS took a leadership role in the development of the "Stream Corridor Restoration: Principles, Processes, and Practices" (FISRWG, 1998), and early on, the need for a comprehensive design guide was recognized. The development of this design guide is presently underway, and the current paper describes the scope and content of this multi-faceted effort. This material will be of interest to the numerous disciplines interested in stream restoration design. The authors are also soliciting additional input that will aid in development of a comprehensive design guide. C1 USDA NRCS, Natl Design Construct & Soil Mech Ctr, Ft Worth, TX 76115 USA. RP Fripp, J (reprint author), USDA NRCS, Natl Design Construct & Soil Mech Ctr, POB 6567, Ft Worth, TX 76115 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 0-7844-0695-2 PY 2004 BP 143 EP 148 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BAH14 UT WOS:000222180700014 ER PT B AU Wood, AD Jarrett, AR AF Wood, AD Jarrett, AR BE Clar, M Carpenter, D Gracie, J Slate, L TI Design tool for rootwads in streambank restoration SO PROTECTION AND RESTORATION OF URBAN AND RURAL STREAMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Protection and Restoration of Urban and Rural Streams CY JUN 23-25, 2003 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Urban Water Resources Res Council, Urban Streams Comm, Waterways Council, River Restorat Comm, Amer Soc Civil Engineers, Environm & Water Resources Inst ID WOODY DEBRIS AB This paper presents the development of a design tool to analyze the stability of rootwads and log vanes. The model is being validated by ongoing monitoring of field sites on streams in the Mid-Atlantic Region. In addition to empirical relationships used for other riparian restoration structures, this model makes use of two theories in soil mechanics to account for the embedment of logs in a streambank. C1 USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA. RP Wood, AD (reprint author), USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Suite 340,1 Credit Union Pl, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 0-7844-0695-2 PY 2004 BP 349 EP 363 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BAH14 UT WOS:000222180700035 ER PT J AU Pivik, RT Jing, H Gilchrist, JM Dykman, RA AF Pivik, RT Jing, H Gilchrist, JM Dykman, RA TI Thinking outside the breast: ERP comparisons of speech stimuli processing in 3-month old breast and milk-fed infants SO PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Psychophysiological-Research CY OCT 20-24, 2004 CL Santa Fe, NM SP Soc Pychophysiol Res DE infants; speech processing; nutrition C1 Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0048-5772 J9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY JI Psychophysiology PY 2004 VL 41 SU 1 BP S84 EP S84 PG 1 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 849RL UT WOS:000223558200324 ER PT J AU Solomon, MB AF Solomon, MB TI Effect of animal production on meat quality SO QUALITY OF FRESH AND PROCESSED FOODS SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONJUGATED LINOLEIC-ACID; PORCINE GROWTH-HORMONE; MUSCLE-FIBER CHARACTERISTICS; SOMATOTROPIN IMPROVES GROWTH; KILOGRAMS LIVE WEIGHT; GROWING-PIGS; LONGISSIMUS MUSCLE; BODY-COMPOSITION; DIETARY-PROTEIN; ADIPOSE-TISSUE C1 USDA ARS, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Solomon, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 104 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0065-2598 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2004 VL 542 BP 1 EP 23 PG 23 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA BY63F UT WOS:000189425800001 PM 15174569 ER PT S AU Spanier, AM Flores, M Toldra, F Aristoy, MC Bett, KL Bystricky, P Bland, JM AF Spanier, AM Flores, M Toldra, F Aristoy, MC Bett, KL Bystricky, P Bland, JM BE Shahidi, F Spanier, AM Ho, CT Braggins, T TI Meat flavor: Contribution of proteins and peptides to the flavor of beef. SO QUALITY OF FRESH AND PROCESSED FOODS SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article ID DRY-CURED HAM; SULFUR-CONTAINING-COMPOUNDS; WARMED-OVER FLAVOR; FREE AMINO-ACIDS; SER-LEU-ALA; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; SENSORY EVALUATION; DELICIOUS PEPTIDE; TASTE; COMPONENTS C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Area, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Food Technol & Safety Lab,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. CSIC, Dept Food Sci, Inst Agroquim & Tecnol Alimentos, Valencia 46100, Spain. USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. Univ Vet Med, Dept Meat Hyg & Technol, Kosice 04181, Slovakia. RP Spanier, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Area, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Food Technol & Safety Lab,BARC E, Bldg 201, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI Flores, Monica/H-2857-2012; Toldra, Fidel/I-9758-2014; Aristoy, M-C/H-2842-2012 OI Flores, Monica/0000-0002-4228-9899; Toldra, Fidel/0000-0002-9843-0193; Aristoy, M-C/0000-0001-9199-8969 NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 11 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-48071-9 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2004 VL 542 BP 33 EP 49 PG 17 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA BY63F UT WOS:000189425800003 PM 15174571 ER PT J AU Grimm, CC Godshall, MA Braggins, TJ Lloyd, SW AF Grimm, CC Godshall, MA Braggins, TJ Lloyd, SW TI Screening for sensory quality in foods using solid phase micro-extraction tandem mass spectrometry SO QUALITY OF FRESH AND PROCESSED FOODS SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHANNEL CATFISH; WATER; 2-METHYLISOBORNEOL; GEOSMIN; MICROEXTRACTION; AROMA; RICE C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Grimm, CC (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM cgrimm@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0065-2598 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2004 VL 542 BP 167 EP 174 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA BY63F UT WOS:000189425800011 PM 15174579 ER PT J AU Abbott, JA AF Abbott, JA TI Textural quality assessment for fresh fruits and vegetables SO QUALITY OF FRESH AND PROCESSED FOODS SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOMATO FRUIT; FIRMNESS DETERMINATION; PEACH FIRMNESS; CELL-WALL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; KIWIFRUIT FIRMNESS; FORCE RELAXATION; DELICIOUS APPLES; TURGOR PRESSURE; MAGNESS-TAYLOR C1 USDA ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Abbott, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 84 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0065-2598 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2004 VL 542 BP 265 EP 279 PG 15 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA BY63F UT WOS:000189425800019 PM 15174587 ER PT J AU McHugh, TH Olsen, CW Senesi, E AF McHugh, TH Olsen, CW Senesi, E TI Fruit and vegetable edible wraps: Application to partially dehydrated apple pieces SO QUALITY OF FRESH AND PROCESSED FOODS SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASCORBIC-ACID; SHELF-LIFE; CUT APPLE; FILMS; QUALITY; SLICES; 4-HEXYLRESORCINOL; PERMEABILITY; COATINGS; PRODUCTS C1 USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. IVTPA, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP McHugh, TH (reprint author), USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0065-2598 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2004 VL 542 BP 289 EP 299 PG 11 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA BY63F UT WOS:000189425800021 PM 15174589 ER PT J AU Panyushkina, IP Leavitt, SW Wiedenhoeft, A Noggle, S Curry, B Grimm, E AF Panyushkina, IP Leavitt, SW Wiedenhoeft, A Noggle, S Curry, B Grimm, E TI Tree-ring records of near-younger dryas time in central north America - Preliminary results from the Lincoln quarry site, central Illinois, USA SO RADIOCARBON LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Radiocarbon Conference CY SEP 01-05, 2003 CL Wellington, NEW ZEALAND SP High Voltage Engn Europa, Natl Electrostat Corp, Royal Soc New Zealand, Absolutely Organised ID ATLANTIC; EVENT; CLIMATE; FOREST; AGE AB The abrupt millennial-scale changes associated with the Younger Dryas (YD) event ("chronozone") near the dawn of the Holocene are at least hemispheric, if not global, in extent. Evidence for the YD cold excursion is abundant in Europe but fairly meager in central North America. We are engaged in an investigation of high-resolution environmental changes in mid-North America over several millennia (about 10,000 to 14,000 BP) during the Late Glacial-Early Holocene transition, including the YD interval. Several sites containing logs or stumps have been identified and we are in the process of initial sampling or re-sampling them for this project. Here, we report on a site in central Illinois containing a deposit of logs initially thought to be of YD age preserved in alluvial sands. The assemblage of wood represents hardwood (angiosperm) trees, and the ring-width characteristics are favorable to developing formal tree-ring chronologies. However, 4 new radiocarbon dates indicate deposition of wood may have taken place over at least 8000 C-14 yr (6000-14,000 BP). This complicates the effort to develop a single floating chronology of several hundred years at this site, but it may provide wood from a restricted region over a long period of time from which to develop a sequence of floating chronologies, the timing of deposition and preservation of which could be related to paleoclimatic events and conditions. C1 Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Ctr Wood Anat Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. Illinois State Geol Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Illinois State Museum, Res & Collect Ctr, Springfield, IL 62703 USA. RP Panyushkina, IP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM panush@ltrr.arizona.edu NR 23 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV ARIZONA DEPT GEOSCIENCES PI TUCSON PA RADIOCARBON 4717 E FORT LOWELL RD, TUCSON, AZ 85712 USA SN 0033-8222 J9 RADIOCARBON JI Radiocarbon PY 2004 VL 46 IS 2 BP 933 EP 941 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 853DS UT WOS:000223807300044 ER PT J AU Fagerquist, CK AF Fagerquist, CK TI Collision-activated cleavage of a peptide/antibiotic disulfide linkage: possible evidence for intramolecular disulfide bond rearrangement upon collisional activation SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE DISSOCIATION; LASER-DESORPTION IONIZATION; CHARGED PROTEIN CATIONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; LINKED PEPTIDES; CEFTIOFUR AB Ceftiofur is an important veterinary l-lactam antibiotic whose bioactive metabolite, desfuroylceftiofur, has a free thiol group. Desfuroylceftiofur (DFC) was reacted with two peptides, [Arg(8)]-vasopressin and reduced glutathione, both of which have cysteine residues to form disulfide-linked peptide/antibiotic complexes. The products of the reaction, [vasopressin + (DFC-H) + (DFC-H) + H](+), [(vasopressin+H) + (DFC-H) + H](+) and [(glutathione-H) + (DFC-H) + H](+), were analyzed using collision-activated dissociation (CAD) with a quadrupole ion trap tandem mass spectrometer. MS/MS of [vasopressin + (DFC-H) + (DFC-H) + H](+) resulted in facile dissociative loss of one and two covalently bound DFC moieties. Loss of one DFC resulted from either homolytic or heterolytic dissociation of the peptide/antibiotic disulfide bond with equal or unequal partitioning of the two sulfur atoms between the fragment ion and neutral loss. Hydrogen migration preceded heterolytic dissociation. Loss of two DFC moieties from [vasopressin + (DFC-H) + (DFC-H) + H](+) appears to result from collision-activated intramolecular disulfide bond rearrangement (IDBR) to produce cyclic [vasopressin + H](+) (at m/z 1084) as well as other cyclic fragment ions at m/z 1084+/-32 and +64. The cyclic structure of these ions could only be inferred as MS/MS may result in rearrangement to non-cyclic structures prior to dissociative loss. IDBR was also detected from MS3 experiments of [vasopressin + (DFC-H) + (DFC-H) + H](+) fragment ions. MS/MS of [(glutathione-H) + (DFC-H) + H](+) resulted in cleavage of the peptide backbone with retention of the DFC moiety as well as heterolytic cleavage of the peptide/antibiotic disulfide bond to produce the fragment ion: [(DFC-2H) + H](+). These results demonstrate the facile dissociative loss by CAD of DFC moieties covalently attached to peptides through disulfide bonds. Published in 2004 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Fagerquist, CK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM cfagerquist@pw.usda.gov NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PY 2004 VL 18 IS 6 BP 685 EP 700 DI 10.1002/rcm.1390 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 806XQ UT WOS:000220467000013 PM 15052580 ER PT B AU Klotz-Ingram, C Schimmelpfennig, D Naseem, A King, J Pray, C AF Klotz-Ingram, C Schimmelpfennig, D Naseem, A King, J Pray, C BE Evenson, RE Santaniello, V TI How firm characteristics influence innovative activity in agricultural biotechnology SO REGULATION OF AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference of the International-Consortium-on-Agricultural-Biotechnology-Research CY JUL 11-14, 2002 CL Ravello, ITALY SP Int Consortium Agr Biotechnol Res, CEIS, Univ Rome Tor Vergata, Yale Univ, Econ Growth ID PATENTS C1 USDA, Serv Econ Res, Washington, DC USA. RP Klotz-Ingram, C (reprint author), USDA, Serv Econ Res, Washington, DC USA. RI Naseem, Anwar/C-1006-2011 OI Naseem, Anwar/0000-0003-3394-8116 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-742-2 PY 2004 BP 171 EP 182 DI 10.1079/9780851997421.0171 PG 12 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BBH53 UT WOS:000225559400016 ER PT B AU Price, GK Kuchler, F Krissoff, B AF Price, GK Kuchler, F Krissoff, B BE Evenson, RE Santaniello, V TI EU traceability and the US soybean sector SO REGULATION OF AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference of the International-Consortium-on-Agricultural-Biotechnology-Research CY JUL 11-14, 2002 CL Ravello, ITALY SP Int Consortium Agr Biotechnol Res, CEIS, Univ Rome Tor Vergata, Yale Univ, Econ Growth C1 USDA, Serv Econ Res, Washington, DC USA. RP Price, GK (reprint author), USDA, Serv Econ Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-742-2 PY 2004 BP 211 EP 220 DI 10.1079/9780851997421.0211 PG 10 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BBH53 UT WOS:000225559400020 ER PT B AU Lin, W Johnson, DD AF Lin, W Johnson, DD BE Evenson, RE Santaniello, V TI Segregation of non-biotech maize and soybeans: Who rears the cost? SO REGULATION OF AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference of the International-Consortium-on-Agricultural-Biotechnology-Research CY JUL 11-14, 2002 CL Ravello, ITALY SP Int Consortium Agr Biotechnol Res, CEIS, Univ Rome Tor Vergata, Yale Univ, Econ Growth C1 USDA, Serv Econ Res, Washington, DC USA. RP Lin, W (reprint author), USDA, Serv Econ Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA 875 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA BN 0-85199-742-2 PY 2004 BP 221 EP 230 DI 10.1079/9780851997421.0221 PG 10 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BBH53 UT WOS:000225559400021 ER PT S AU Schmoldt, DL AF Schmoldt, DL BE Gao, W Shaw, DR TI Turning small snapshots into a bigger picture for sustainability SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability CY AUG 02-04, 2004 CL Denver, CO SP SPIE DE ecological scale; systems science; sustainability sciences; R&D; precision agriculture; ecosystem models ID AGRICULTURE AB The broader scientific community is slowly coming to grips with the concept of sustainability. An inherent difficultly with this concept has been that, unlike traditional scientific investigations that seek to explain how things currently function or how previous events led to current phenomena, sustainability research is forward-looking with the goal to understand how both current, and indeterminate future, societal needs can be met. This goal is further constrained by an imperative for maintaining ecological and environmental integrity. This conference addresses several important themes pertinent to the challenge of sustainable ecosystems: data collection and monitoring of natural systems and their components, analysis of those data in the context of biophysical ecosystem models, and application of model outputs to environmental and economic issues for management and policy making. Ecological scale and systems science are two important, but often underappreciated, concepts that are critical for advancing our understanding of sustainability. New sustainability sciences, appearing at the interface of traditional disciplines, are better poised to integrate these concepts. The most important objective of our data collection and modeling efforts will be to anticipate sustainability problems and recommendation alternative courses of action, while aiding social learning by the non-scientific community. C1 USDA, Cooperat State Res Educ & Extens Serv, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Schmoldt, DL (reprint author), USDA, Cooperat State Res Educ & Extens Serv, 800 9th St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM dschmoldt@csrees.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5482-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2004 VL 5544 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1117/12.564915 PG 11 WC Ecology; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing GA BBI17 UT WOS:000225599600001 ER PT S AU Colaizzi, PD Evett, SR Howell, TA Tolk, JA AF Colaizzi, PD Evett, SR Howell, TA Tolk, JA BE Gao, W Shaw, DR TI Comparison of aerodynamic and radiometric surface temperature using precision weighing lysimeters SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability CY AUG 02-04, 2004 CL Denver, CO SP SPIE DE aerodynamic temperature; radiormetric temperature; lysimeters; energy balance; evapotranspiration ID SENSIBLE HEAT-FLUX; STATION METEOROLOGICAL DATA; DUAL ANGLE OBSERVATIONS; LAYER RESISTANCE MODEL; CANOPY TEMPERATURE; ENERGY-BALANCE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ESTIMATION; INFRARED THERMOMETRY; BULK FORMULATION; WHEAT CANOPY AB Radiometric surface temperature (T-s) is commonly used as a surrogate for aerodynamic temperature (TO) in computing the sensible heat flux term (H) in the energy balance. However, these temperatures may differ by several degrees, leading to possible errors (especially for large H) and their relationship is not well known. Previous researchers have established empirical and semi-empirical parameterizations of the radiometric roughness length (4,) or some related form (e.g., kB(r)(-1) = In[z(om)/z(or)], where z(om) is the momentum roughness length). In this paper, we estimated T-o - T-a (where T-a is air temperature at 2 in height) and z(or) using large, precision weighing lysimeters planted with irrigated alfalfa, irrigated and dryland cotton, and dryland grain sorghum. T-s was measured by infrared thermometers mounted over the lysimeters. No apparent relations were found between (T-o - T-a) and (T-o - T-a) or between z(or) (in the kB(r)(-1) form) and meteorological variables or leaf area index (LAI). The kB(r)(-1) parameter appeared to be most influenced by the different surface roughness of each crop type. Using constant kB(r)(-1) values established for each type of surface, the energy balance model showed reasonable agreement with H and LE derived from lysimeter measurements. C1 USDA ARS, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP USDA ARS, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM pcolaizzi@cprl.ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5482-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2004 VL 5544 BP 215 EP 229 DI 10.1117/12.559503 PG 15 WC Ecology; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing GA BBI17 UT WOS:000225599600021 ER PT S AU Walthall, CL Dulaney, WP Anderson, M Norman, J Fang, HL Liang, SL Timlin, DJ Pachepsky, Y AF Walthall, CL Dulaney, WP Anderson, M Norman, J Fang, HL Liang, SL Timlin, DJ Pachepsky, Y BE Gao, W Shaw, DR TI Alternative approaches for estimating leaf area index (LAI) from remotely sensed satellite and aircraft imagery SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability CY AUG 02-04, 2004 CL Denver, CO SP SPIE DE leaf area index (LAI); Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI); spectral vegetation index (SVI); neural network; radiative transfer model ID CANOPY REFLECTANCE; VEGETATION INDEXES; MODEL; EXTRACTION; SIMULATION; INVERSION; PROSPECT; SPECTRA; COVER AB Plant foliage density expressed as leaf area index (LAI) is an important parameter that is widely used in many ecological, meteorological and agronomic models. LAI retrieval using optical remote sensing usually requires the collection of surface calibration values or the use of image information to invert radiative transfer models. A comparison of LAI retrieval methods was conducted that included both empirical methods requiring ground-based LAI calibration measurements and image-based methods using remotely sensed data and literature-reported parameter values. The empirical approaches included ordinary least squares regression with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Gitelson green index (GI) spectral vegetation indices (SVI) and a geostatistical approach that uses ground-based LAI measurements and image-derived kriging parameters to predict LAI. The image-based procedures included the scaled SVI approach, which uses NDVI to estimate fraction of vegetation cover, and a hybrid approach that uses a neural network and a radiative transfer model to retrieve LAI. Comparable results were obtained with the empirical SVI methods and the scaled SVI method. The geostatistical approach produced LAI patterns similar to interpolated ground-based LAI measurements. The results demonstrated that although reasonable LAI estimates are possible using optical remote sensing data without in situ calibration measurements, refinements to the analytical steps of the various approaches are warranted. C1 USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM cwalthall@hydrolab.arsusda.gov RI liang, shunlin/C-2809-2015; OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525 NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5482-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2004 VL 5544 BP 241 EP 255 DI 10.1117/12.559863 PG 15 WC Ecology; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing GA BBI17 UT WOS:000225599600023 ER PT S AU Sullivan, DG Shaw, JN Mask, PL Rickman, D Luvall, J Wersinger, JM AF Sullivan, DG Shaw, JN Mask, PL Rickman, D Luvall, J Wersinger, JM BE Gao, W Shaw, DR TI Remote sensing of near-surface soil properties with the airborne terrestrial applications sensor SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability CY AUG 02-04, 2004 CL Denver, CO SP SPIE DE multispectral; soil organic carbon; particle size distribution; iron oxide ID REFLECTANCE; ULTISOLS; ALABAMA AB Evaluation of near-surface soil properties via remote sensing (RS) could facilitate soil survey mapping, erosion prediction, fertilization regimes, and allocation of agrochemicals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between soil spectral signature and near surface soil properties in conventionally managed row crop systems. High-resolution RS data were acquired over bare fields in the Coastal Plain, Appalachian Plateau, and Ridge and Valley provinces of Alabama using the Airborne Terrestrial Applications Sensor (ATLAS) multispectral scanner. Soils ranged from sandy Kandiudults to fine textured Rhodudults. Surface soil samples (0-1 cm) were collected from 163 sampling points for soil water content, soil organic carbon (SOC), particle size distribution (PSD), and citrate dithionite extractable iron (Fe-d) content. Results showed that covariance among soil properties combined with mixed signatures limited our ability to identify discrete spectral response patterns for near-surface soil attributes. Dry, sandy epipedons at the Coastal Plain site provided ideal conditions and allowed for better discrimination among soil properties. Using ATLAS thermal infrared (TIR) bands, this study provides evidence that thermal spectra are more sensitive to small changes in near-surface mineral, organic and water content. C1 USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Sullivan, DG (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, POB 946, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. OI Rickman, Doug/0000-0003-3409-2882 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5482-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5544 BP 266 EP 275 DI 10.1117/12.559979 PG 10 WC Ecology; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing GA BBI17 UT WOS:000225599600025 ER PT S AU Bausch, WC Diker, K Khosla, R Paris, JF AF Bausch, WC Diker, K Khosla, R Paris, JF BE Gao, W Shaw, DR TI Estimating corn nitrogen status using ground-based and satellite multispectral data SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability CY AUG 02-04, 2004 CL Denver, CO SP SPIE DE irrigated corn; plant nitrogen status; remote sensing; ground-based; satellite; multispectral ID REFLECTANCE FACTORS; MANAGEMENT AB In-season N management of irrigated corn requires frequent acquisition of plant N estimates to timely assess the onset of crop N deficiency and its spatial variability within a field. This study compared ground-based Exotech and QuickBird satellite multispectral data using the normalized GNDVI to produce N status maps of a study site on three days during the corn vegetative growth period. Scale factors to represent N sufficient and N deficient corn were determined for both systems from relationships between the normalized GNDVI and the NSI. A third classification was required for this study to classify areas that exhibited leaf chlorosis that was not caused by N deficiency, i.e., not N related. N status maps generated from normalized GNDVI values showed similar patterns between the two systems for the three corn growth stages (V10, V12, and V15) investigated. However, the extent of the pattern varied between systems. On 2 July (V10), six of six sample sites were correctly classified using leaf N content to indicate plant N status. On the other two days (7 July and 15 July), four of six sites were. correctly classified. Two not N related areas were classified as N deficient when leaf N content was adequate. C1 USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bausch, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 320, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5482-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5544 BP 489 EP 498 DI 10.1117/12.561223 PG 10 WC Ecology; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing GA BBI17 UT WOS:000225599600050 ER PT S AU Gao, W Gao, ZQ Pan, XL Slusser, J Qi, JG Zhan, XW Ma, YJ AF Gao, W Gao, ZQ Pan, XL Slusser, J Qi, JG Zhan, XW Ma, YJ BE Gao, W Shaw, DR TI Impacts of seasonal climate on net primary productivity (NPP) in Xinjiang, 1981-2000 SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability CY AUG 02-04, 2004 CL Denver, CO SP SPIE DE seasonal climate change; net primary productivity (NPP); GLO-PEM model; temperature; precipitation ID VARIABILITY; ECOSYSTEMS; OREGON; CHINA AB This study presented the temporal and spatial variation patterns of the seasonal NPP, temperature and precipitation. The NPP simulated by using the GLO-PEM. A semi-mechanistic model of plant photosynthesis and respiration driven entirely by the satellite observations was combined with climate data in Xinjiang of China over the past 20 years to study the impact of seasonal climate changes on the seasonal NPP. The higher correlation coefficients between the seasonal NPP and the corresponding seasonal temperature and precipitation over the past 20 years happened in the areas covered with forest lands, grasslands, oasis and croplands in the northern and southern foothills of Tianshan Mountain, Iili River Valley, Tarim Basin and Junggar Basin. In these areas, the vegetation growth was greatly influenced by interannual changes of seasonal temperature and precipitation. The spatial patterns of the correlation coefficients in Xinjiang showed that the higher correlation coefficients between seasonal NPP and seasonal temperature and precipitation in 1990s than in 1980s. With the increased temperature and precipitation, the areas of grasslands and oasis in Xinjiang were expanded over the last 20 years. C1 Colorado State Univ, Remote Sensing & Modeling Ctr Agr Sustainabil, USDA,Nat Resource Ecol Lab, UVB Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Gao, W (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Remote Sensing & Modeling Ctr Agr Sustainabil, USDA,Nat Resource Ecol Lab, UVB Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RI Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016 NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5482-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5544 BP 543 EP 552 DI 10.1117/12.563611 PG 10 WC Ecology; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing GA BBI17 UT WOS:000225599600056 ER PT J AU Blackburn, HD AF Blackburn, HD TI Development of national animal genetic resource programs SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Conference of the International-Embryo-Transfer-Society CY JAN 10-14, 2004 CL PORTLAND, OREGON SP Int Embryo Transfer Soc DE animal genetic diversity; cryopreserved germplasm; genetic repositories AB Globally, animal genetic resources are contracting due to economic forces. As a result, during the 1990s there was a dramatic increase in national animal genetic resource activities. Many national programmes were initiated and the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations played a prominent role in coalescing national actions. Nationally, programmes have been initiated that comprise of in situ, ex situ and information-exchange efforts. A critical element to national conservation efforts is the development of cryopreserved collections of germplasm. Several countries have initiated substantial multispecies collections of cryopreserved germplasm. The selection of animals within breeds of interest is an important consideration in building cryopreserved collections. Animal selection should be based on a lack of genetic relationship, with sufficient numbers of animals to ensure the capture of rare alleles. Major issues facing repository development and genetic conservation are: (1) that all breeds are in need of genetic diversity management; (2) a better understanding of in situ breed population dynamics is needed; and (3) the concept that repository collections can be used by a broad range of clientele across time as well as during emergency situations. C1 ARS, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Blackburn, HD (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM hblackbu@lamar.colostate.edu NR 23 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2004 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1071/RD03075 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA 757AP UT WOS:000187526900004 PM 14972100 ER PT J AU Rohrer, GA AF Rohrer, GA TI An overview of genomics research and its impact on livestock reproduction SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Conference of the International-Embryo-Transfer-Society CY JAN 10-14, 2004 CL PORTLAND, OREGON SP Int Embryo Transfer Soc ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; INCREASED OVULATION RATE; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; MILK-PRODUCTION; DAIRY-CATTLE; PORCINE GENOME; TWINNING RATE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MYOSTATIN GENE; BOVINE GENOME AB The amount of information currently available about the genomes of many livestock species, especially cattle and pigs, has increased dramatically in the past few years and the rate of its accumulation will continue to increase. A large number of scientific 'tools' is currently available for research aimed at understanding biological processes important to livestock production. These resources are being used to understand biological processes regulating reproduction, body composition and immune function in all livestock species. This research will create many opportunities to develop new tools for the improvement of livestock production. The best commercial application of genomics is in conjunction with reproductive enhancing technologies, such as artificial insemination, embryo transfer and cloning. C1 ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Rohrer, GA (reprint author), ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM rohrer@email.marc.usda.gov NR 59 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2004 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 54 DI 10.1071/RD03077 PG 8 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA 757AP UT WOS:000187526900006 PM 14972102 ER PT J AU Blomberg, LA Zuelke, KA AF Blomberg, LA Zuelke, KA TI Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) during porcine embryo development SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Conference of the International-Embryo-Transfer-Society CY JAN 10-14, 2004 CL PORTLAND, OR SP Int Embryo Transfer Soc ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; EARLY PIG EMBRYOS; SEQUENCE TAGS; HUMAN GENOME; ELONGATION; CONCEPTUS; PROTEIN; BLASTOCYST; PREGNANCY; PROFILES AB Functional genomics provides a powerful means for delving into the molecular mechanisms involved in pre-implantation development of porcine embryos. High rates of embryonic mortality (30%), following either natural mating or artificial insemination, emphasise the need to improve the efficiency of reproduction in the pig. The poor success rate of live offspring from in vitro-manipulated pig embryos also hampers efforts to generate transgenic animals for biotechnology applications. Previous analysis of differential gene expression has demonstrated stage-specific gene expression for in vivo-derived embryos and altered gene expression for in vitro-derived embryos. However, the methods used to date examine relatively few genes simultaneously and, thus, provide an incomplete glimpse of the physiological role of these genes during embryogenesis. The present review will focus on two aspects of applying functional genomics research strategies for analysing the expression of genes during elongation of pig embryos between gestational day (D) 11 and D12. First, we compare and contrast current methodologies that are being used for gene discovery and expression analysis during pig embryo development. Second, we establish a paradigm for applying serial analysis of gene expression as a functional genomics tool to obtain preliminary information essential for discovering the physiological mechanisms by which distinct embryonic phenotypes are derived. C1 ARS, Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Blomberg, LA (reprint author), ARS, Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lblomberg@anri.barc.usda.gov RI Zuelke, Kurt/H-8609-2013 NR 46 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2004 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 87 EP 92 DI 10.1071/RD03081 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA 757AP UT WOS:000187526900010 PM 14972106 ER PT B AU Simon, A Bennett, SJ Neary, VS AF Simon, A Bennett, SJ Neary, VS BE Bennett, SJ Simon, A TI Riparian vegetation and fluvial geomorphology: Problems and opportunities SO RIPARIAN VEGETATION AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY SE WATER SCIENCE AND APPLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AGU 2001 Fall Meeting CY DEC 10-14, 2001 CL San Francisco, CA SP AGU ID OPEN-CHANNEL FLOW; LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; SUBMERGED VEGETATION; SIMULATED VEGETATION; HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE; EMERGENT VEGETATION; TREE ROOTS; SEDIMENT; RIVERS; TURBULENCE AB Riparian vegetation exerts strong controls on numerous processes in fluvial geomorphology and, in turn, is dependent on many of those same processes. It affects the magnitude and distribution of important hydrologic, hydraulic, and geotechnical variables in river corridors and can therefore ameliorate or exacerbate processes that determine channel morphology. An understanding of the direct and indirect roles that riparian vegetation plays in fluvial geomorphology is critical in designing and conducting research aimed at more accurately quantifying channel hydraulics, sediment transport, and channel morphology. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Channel & Watershed Proc Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Simon, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Channel & Watershed Proc Res Unit, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. NR 88 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 21 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA BN 0-87590-357-6 J9 WATER SCI APPL PY 2004 VL 8 BP 1 EP 10 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geology; Water Resources SC Plant Sciences; Physical Geography; Geology; Water Resources GA BAY29 UT WOS:000224176100001 ER PT B AU Alonso, CV AF Alonso, CV BE Bennett, SJ Simon, A TI Transport mechanics of stream-borne logs SO RIPARIAN VEGETATION AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY SE WATER SCIENCE AND APPLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AGU 2001 Fall Meeting CY DEC 10-14, 2001 CL San Francisco, CA SP AGU ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; CIRCULAR-CYLINDER; REYNOLDS-NUMBERS; VORTEX STREETS; WAVE-FORCES; CROSS-FLOW; SURFACE; FLUME; DRAG AB Large woody debris is increasingly regarded as an integral component of stream stabilization and restoration programs. Unravelling the dynamics of complex interaction of multiple logs among themselves and with the stream environs must start with a characterization of the transport mechanics of individual logs. This paper presents a generalized modelling concept of log motion, and examines in detail available information on the influence of log roughness, orientation, Reynolds number, proximity to the streambed, interaction with the free surface, and flow unsteadiness on the mean hydrodynamic forces acting on submerged cylindrical logs. It is shown that (1) drag and inertial forces acting on logs transported by unsteady streams can be approximated with sufficient accuracy with drag and inertia coefficients developed for steady flows, (2) lift can influence the entrainment of logs sufficiently close to the bed, (3) log inertia is not a significant factor, and (4) drag and buoyancy are the main mobilizing forces. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Alonso, CV (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA BN 0-87590-357-6 J9 WATER SCI APPL PY 2004 VL 8 BP 59 EP 69 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geology; Water Resources SC Plant Sciences; Physical Geography; Geology; Water Resources GA BAY29 UT WOS:000224176100005 ER PT B AU Pollen, N Simon, A Collison, A AF Pollen, N Simon, A Collison, A BE Bennett, SJ Simon, A TI Advances in assessing the mechanical and hydrologic effects of riparian vegetation on streambank stability SO RIPARIAN VEGETATION AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY SE WATER SCIENCE AND APPLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AGU 2001 Fall Meeting CY DEC 10-14, 2001 CL San Francisco, CA SP AGU ID SHEAR RESISTANCE; TREE ROOTS; STRENGTH; SOIL; CHANNEL; REINFORCEMENT; LENGTH; BANK AB Streambank instability poses a number of economic and ecological problems. As sediment has been reported to be one of the principal contaminants of rivers in many areas, a high priority of river managers is to stabilize streambanks to prevent additional sediment being added to the channels. Riparian vegetation plays a number of roles in the protection of streambanks from erosion by the processes of particle entrainment and mass wasting, and its use in stabilization has a number of possible benefits, but is often neglected in favor of hard stabilization measures, such as concrete and riprap, that are more easily quantifiable and remain constant over time. This study seeks to investigate the importance of the assumptions previously made in calculations of soil reinforcement by roots, and aims to study how root networks, and the contribution to soil strength made over time varies both mechanically and hydrologically. Results show that previous methods used to estimate root reinforcement may have overestimated values by up to 91%. A new Fiber-Bundle model (RipRoot) is proposed here to reduce reinforcement overestimations. Hydrologic reinforcement by evapotranspiration may also be important. Results show that soil cohesion values were increased by 1.0 to 3.1 kPa due to reductions in matric suction by trees of just two-years old. The net effects of mechanical and hydrologic reinforcement have also been investigated, with results showing that even during the wettest time of the year, when evapotranspiration effects are negligible, the mechanical reinforcement from the root networks maintains some degree of stability. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Channel & Watershed Proc Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Pollen, N (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Channel & Watershed Proc Res Unit, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. NR 41 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA BN 0-87590-357-6 J9 WATER SCI APPL PY 2004 VL 8 BP 125 EP 139 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geology; Water Resources SC Plant Sciences; Physical Geography; Geology; Water Resources GA BAY29 UT WOS:000224176100010 ER PT S AU Yu, JJ Bhatnagar, D Cleveland, TE AF Yu, JJ Bhatnagar, D Cleveland, TE BE Romeo, JT TI Genetics and biochemistry of aflatoxin formation and genomics approach for preventing aflatoxin contamination SO SECONDARY METABOLISM IN MODEL SYSTEMS SE Recent Advances in Phytochemistry LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Secondary Metabolism in Model Systems held at the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Phytochemical-Society-of-North-America CY AUG 09-13, 2003 CL Peoria, IL SP Phytochem Soc N Amer ID VERSICONAL HEMIACETAL ACETATE; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE GENE; VERSICOLORIN B SYNTHASE; FATTY-ACID SYNTHASES; HUMAN LIVER-CANCER; ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS; REGULATORY GENE; NORSOLORINIC ACID; STERIGMATOCYSTIN BIOSYNTHESIS; O-METHYLTRANSFERASE C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Yu, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM jiuyu@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 191 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0079-9920 BN 0-08-044501-2 J9 RECENT ADV PHYTOCHEM JI Recent Adv. Phytochem. PY 2004 VL 38 BP 223 EP 255 PG 33 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA BBB29 UT WOS:000224502900011 ER PT B AU Shaw, NL Hild, AL AF Shaw, NL Hild, AL BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems: Introduction SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Shaw, NL (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 3 EP 3 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800001 ER PT B AU Blank, RR Young, JA AF Blank, RR Young, JA BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Revegetation of saline playa margins SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID ALLENROLFEA-OCCIDENTALIS AB New shrub recruitment in saline playa margins is limited by extremely high osmotic potentials of the seedbed. In the Eagle Valley playa near Fernley, NV, recruitment is rare and occurs mostly in recently deposited eolian and flood-deposited sediments of low osmotic potential. In most instances, however, sediment is of insufficient thickness to support long-term growth. In 1990, as part of a plant/soil relationship study in the eastern end of Eagle Valley playa, soil pits were excavated by backhoe in an environment consisting of mounds occupied by Sarcobatus vermiculatus, Atriplex lentiformis ssp. torreyi, and Allenrolfea occidentalis amid unvegetated interspaces. Soil pits were refilled, but depressions about 2 by 0.5 m in area to a depth of between 20 and 60 cm remained. Within 5 years, a thick veneer of eolian dust had accumulated in all the pits and supported robust recruitment of S. vermiculatus, A. torreyi, and A. occidentalis. By the year 2002, some shrubs were over 0.5 in in stature. Excavating small depressions in saline playa environments appears to be an effective revegetation technology provided the area has a source of low osmotic potential eolian material. C1 USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weed Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Blank, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weed Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 37 EP 39 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800007 ER PT B AU Monaco, TA Norton, JB Johnson, DA Jones, TA Norton, JM AF Monaco, TA Norton, JB Johnson, DA Jones, TA Norton, JM BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Soil nitrogen controls on grass seedling tiller recruitment SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID GROWTH; MICROSITES; RESPONSES; PLANTS; CARBON AB Establishment of perennial grass seedlings is critical for repairing rangeland ecosystems in the Western United States. Mineral N in the soil may be one of the controlling factors for seedling establishment and may improve the competitive ability of perennial grasses compared to the annual grass, cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.). A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of immobilizing mineral soil N on tiller recruitment in grass seedlings. The perennial grasses big squirreltail (Elymus multisetus [J.G. Smith] M.E. Jones), "Goldar" bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata [Pursh] A. Love), and "CD II" crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum [L.] Gaertner x A. desertorum [Fisch. ex Link] Schultes) were grown alone or with cheatgrass in pots for 7 weeks. Plants were grown in soil amended with ground barley straw to produce the following four treatments designed to immobilize mineral N: (1) no straw added (control), (2) 0.25 mg straw kg(-1) soil, (3) 0.50 mg straw kg(-1) soil, and (4) 1.00 mg straw kg(-1) soil. Number of tillers for perennial grasses grown alone was not significantly different than perennial grasses grown with cheatgrass. Cheatgrass and crested wheatgrass plants grown alone produced significantly fewer (36 to 39 percent) new tillers per plant in the 1.00 mg kg(-1) treatment compared to the control. Squirreltail had significantly fewer tillers per plant in the highest straw treatment compared to the control when grown with cheatgrass. Cheatgrass produced more than twice as many tillers as the perennial grasses both in the control (high mineral N) and in the high straw treatment (low mineral N). Soil in pots containing cheatgrass had 94 percent less mineral N than soil in pots containing bluebunch wheatgrass. These results suggest that cheatgrass will likely be an effective competitor with perennial grasses even if mineral soil N is drastically reduced by microbial immobilization. C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Monaco, TA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 47 EP 50 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800009 ER PT B AU Blank, RR AF Blank, RR BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Enzyme activity in temperate desert soils: Influence of microsite, depth, and grazing SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS AB The enzyme status of soil influences mineralization kinetics, and thus, the supply of nutrients to plants. We quantified urease, asparaginase, glutaminase, phosphatase, and arylsulfatase activity in a sagebrush/grass ecosystem northeast of Reno, NV. Enzyme activity was evaluated by depth (0 to 5 cm, 5 to 10 cm, 10 to 20 cm), microsite (sagebrush, crested wheatgrass, cheatgrass, cryptogamic crust in shrub interspace, noncryptogamic crust in shrub interspace), and treatment (grazed and ungrazed). For most enzymes evaluated, there was a significant depth x microsite interaction. In general, enzyme activity declined with depth. Moreover, the noncryptogamic interspace microsite often had the lowest enzyme activity among the other microsites. Depending on soil depth and microsite, the grazing treatment significantly reduced urease, asparaginase, and alkaline phosphatase activity compared to the ungrazed treatment. Enzyme activity is an important soil attribute and may serve as a robust measure of soil health. C1 USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weed Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Blank, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weed Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 51 EP 53 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800010 ER PT B AU Barrow, JR AF Barrow, JR BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Unique characteristics of a systemic fungal endophyte of native grasses in arid Southwestern rangelands SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID DARK SEPTATE ENDOPHYTES; ATRIPLEX-CANESCENS; ROOT ENDOPHYTES; MORPHOLOGY; INFECTION; PLANTS; USA AB Native grasses and shrubs in and Southwestern rangelands are more extensively colonized by dark septate endophytic fungi than by traditional mycorrhizal fungi. A histochemical method was developed that revealed active internal structures that have not been observed using conventional protocol for fungal analysis. These fungi nonpathogenically and totally colonize all sieve elements, cortical and epidermal cells. They grow intercellularly and intracellularly, forming an intimate, integrated association with all root and leaf cells. Their internal morphology is often atypical of commonly recognized symbiotic or pathogenic fungal colonization. These endophytes accumulate and disperse large quantities of lipids through the root. They form a saturated mucilage layer on both the root and leaf surface, which protects them and maintains hydraulic continuity with dry soil. Our results suggest that these fungi function as carbon managers and enhance nutrient and water uptake in and ecosystems. C1 USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Barrow, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 54 EP 56 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800011 ER PT B AU Pendleton, RL Pendleton, BK Howard, GL Warren, SD AF Pendleton, RL Pendleton, BK Howard, GL Warren, SD BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Response of Lewis flax seedlings to inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and cyanobacteria SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID GROWTH; LINUM; SOIL AB Forbs comprise an important though understudied component of western rangelands. Little is known about the dependence of forb species on associated soil microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In 1996 and 1998, we conducted two experiments examining the response of Lewis flax (Linum lewisii Pursh) to inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under a variety of soil conditions. Lewis flax was found to be highly dependent on mycorrhizae when grown in sandy soils, regardless of soil nutrient levels. Mycorrhizal plants had 10 times the root biomass and 16 times the shoot biomass of nonmycorrhizal controls. The addition of mycorrhizae also significantly decreased root:shoot ratios and significantly increased plant tissue concentrations of P, K, and Zn. The addition of cyanobacterial inoculum to the soil increased plant survival at low soil fertility, but had no effect on seedling growth. In the second experiment, three accessions of flax were grown in sand, peat, and a sand and peat mixture fertilized with high levels of a slow-release fertilizer. All three flax accessions responded positively to mycorrhizae in the sand and mixed soils, growing five and three times larger, respectively. In contrast, no significant response was observed in the peat soil. These findings indicate that mycorrhizal dependence is complex, and can be influenced by a number of factors, including soil nutrient status and organic matter content. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Pendleton, RL (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 333 Broadway SE,Suite 115, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. EM rpendleton@fs.fed.us NR 13 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2004 VL 31 BP 64 EP 68 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800013 ER PT B AU Reeder, JD Grant, DW Jezile, GG Child, RD AF Reeder, JD Grant, DW Jezile, GG Child, RD BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Heterogeneity in soil C and N in late- and mid-seral Sagebrush-Grass rangeland SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID AVAILABLE CARBON; RHIZOSPHERE; RESPIRATION AB Development of criteria and indicators that can be used to evaluate nutrient cycling among plants, animals, and the soil is essential for evaluating rangeland health and sustainability, as well as for developing proper rangeland management practices. The distribution of nutrients in space and time has been identified as a useful criterion for evaluating the integrity of rangeland nutrient cycles and energy flow in rangelands. Spatial distributions of soil organic carbon (C) and organic and mineral nitrogen (N) were measured in both mid- and late-seral stages of a sagebrush-grass association. Vegetation cover differed between the two seral stages, with grass cover significantly higher (15 versus 3 percent), and bare ground area significantly lower (56 versus 69 percent) for the late-seral compared to mid-seral plant communities. The spatial distributions of soil organic C and N differed between the two seral stages and corresponded to differences in vegetation cover. The proportion of total soil N in the nitrate form was significantly higher in mid-seral soil than in late-seral soil, suggesting less efficient capture of available N by the fragmented mid-seral plant community and an uncoupling of the N cycle. Soil nitrate-N shows promise as a sensitive indicator of seral stage in sagebrush-grass plant communities. C1 USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Reeder, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 69 EP 73 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800014 ER PT B AU Booth, DT Bai, Y Roos, EE AF Booth, DT Bai, Y Roos, EE BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Cultural methods for enhancing Wyoming big sagebrush seed production SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID GROWTH AB Demand for sagebrush seed is expanding, but wildland harvesting is impaired by several factors including loss of stands to weed invasions and fire. To increase the potential for seed production, sagebrush seed harvests were compared among cultural treatments for stands on a coal mine near Glenrock, WY. Sagebrush in the study were mature plants on unmined rangeland (age unknown) and 5- to 20-year-old plants on reclaimed land. Plants on mined land protected by 1- by 1- by 1-m fence of 2.5-cm wire net bad a 3-year average seed yield of 20.7 g per plant compared to 5.2, 1.4, and 0.9 g per plant from plants on unmined-fenced, mined-unfenced, and unmined-unfenced rangelands. Fencing prevented browsing by herbivores and had a beneficial influence on plant microclimate. Seed weight was greater where mulch or other treatments mitigated environmental stress. We conclude that the quantity and quality of Wyoming big sagebrush seed harvest can be increased for existing stands, particularly those on mined land, by protecting the plants from large-animal herbivory and by using methods such as windbreaks and fabric mulch to mitigate the effects of drought. C1 USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Booth, DT (reprint author), USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, 8408 Hildreth Rd, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 95 EP 99 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800018 ER PT B AU DeBolt, A Spurrier, CS AF DeBolt, A Spurrier, CS BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Seeds of success and the millennium seed bank project SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA AB The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) entered into an agreement with the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (RBG, Kew), to collect seeds from native plants in the Western United States. This program, initiated in 2000, is called "Seeds of Success." It is an offshoot of the international "Millennium Seed Bank" project. The goal of the Millennium Seed Bank project is to collect seed from 10 percent of the world's dryland flora and place it in long-term storage. For the BLM, this was an opportunity to evaluate additional native pant materials for restoration projects and to place seed in long-term storage for conservation. Collection targets included native species: of known forage or browse value, widespread regional endemics, wild relatives of cultivated or economically important species, species with significance to Tribes, monotypic species, relatives of rare species, relatives of normative invasive species, species of known pollinator importance, and flagship species such as State flowers and trees. RBG, Kew, and the BLM developed a seed collecting protocol at the population level. In 2002, the first collecting season, BLM gathered seed from 375 taxa in 11 States. Seed is currently in long-term storage at RBG, Kew, and the USDA National Seed Storage Laboratory in Fort Collins, CO. C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP DeBolt, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 316 E Myrtle, Boise, ID 83702 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 100 EP 108 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800019 ER PT B AU Garvin, SC Meyer, SE Nelson, DL AF Garvin, SC Meyer, SE Nelson, DL BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Recruitment failure of chenopod shrub populations in the great basin SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID SHADSCALE ATRIPLEX-CONFERTIFOLIA; ECOSYSTEM; DYNAMICS AB The salt desert shrub ecosystem has suffered increasing invasion by exotic annual weeds, especially cheatgrass, for the last 25 years or longer. After the extensive shrub dieoffs of 1982 to 1984 in the Great Basin and Colorado Plateau, many shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia) and winterfat (Ceratoides lanata) populations failed to regenerate. Several facultatively pathogenic fungi were isolated from the rhizosphere of shadscale. Levels of soil Fusarium and pythiaceous fungi in intact and dieoff shrubland areas were measured with positive correlation between fungal density and dieoff severity of shadscale in one study and winterfat in a separate study. Shadscale seedings in three shadscale sites invaded by annual weeds in the Utah western desert resulted in significant seedling emergence followed by 100 percent establishment failure. Seedlings with wilt symptoms were observed in each of these studies. In each case soil moisture was adequate for seedling establishment. A greenhouse test was conducted to study seedling establishment of these two species in 10 valley bottom soils, four from recruiting shrub populations and six from defunct shrub sites invaded by cheatgrass or halogeton. Autoclaved and fungicide-treated soil treatments significantly increased winterfat seedling survival (P > 0.001) in soils from weed-invaded sites. No effect of soil treatment was seen in shadscale seedling numbers in this study. Winterfat seedling weight was not affected by soil treatment and did not differ between soil sites. Shadscale seedling weight was significantly increased by soil treatment in intact soils but not in weedy soils. In a separate emergence study shadscale fruits were planted in soil from two intact and two weed-invaded shadscale sites. After moist chilling at 2 degreesC, more than twice as many live seedlings were observed in the two soils from intact sites as in the two soils from weed-invaded sites. Work in progress will attempt to isolate a causal organism from dying shadscale seedlings. Shadscale sensitivity to fungicides will also be investigated. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT USA. RP Garvin, SC (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT USA. EM sgarvin@fs.fed.us NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2004 VL 31 BP 109 EP 114 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800020 ER PT B AU Haferkamp, MR MacNeil, MD AF Haferkamp, MR MacNeil, MD BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Annual brome seed germination in the Northern Great Plains: An update SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID JAPANESE BROME; IMPACTS RANGELAND; TECTORUM; TEMPERATURE; SUPPRESSION; RESPONSES; JAPONICUS; DYNAMICS; PRAIRIE AB Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus Thunb) and downy brome (B. tectorum L.), alien weedy cool-season annual grasses, have invaded thousands of hectares of grass and shrub communities in the Northern Great Plains, Great Basin, and Columbia Basin. Abundance of brome is dependent upon availability of seed, amount and distribution of rainfall, temperature, and availability of soil nitrogen. More than 10,000 annual brome seeds can be present in a square meter in the mixed-grass prairie of the Northern Great Plains. A large portion of ripe seeds will generally germinate over a wide range of temperatures and osmotic potentials that often occur in late summer and autumn, but soils usually must be moist for 3 to 5 days for seeds to germinate. However, a percentage of seeds that do not germinate by late September can become dormant when water is taken up at or below 0 degreesC. This dormant state can last through the next winter, spring, and summer. These characteristics aid annual brome's persistence on rangelands. C1 USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Haferkamp, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 115 EP 119 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800021 ER PT B AU Meyer, SE Carlson, SL AF Meyer, SE Carlson, SL BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Comparative seed germination biology and seed propagation of eight intermountain species of Indian paintbrush SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA AB In chilling experiments with seeds of eight Castilleja species, seeds of all species were dormant at harvest and responded positively to moist chilling. Seeds of species from warmer, drier habitats had shorter chilling requirements, germinated more quickly during chilling, and were more likely to lose dormancy in dry storage than those of species from high elevation habitats with longer winters. Seed germination patterns within Castilleja were not affected by the hemiparasitic habit, but instead were similar to those of species of Penstemon from similar habitats. Seedlings of all eight species were readily produced in container culture, but outplanting success was greatly enhanced by potting the seedlings with a potential host plant for 6 to 8 weeks prior to transplanting outdoors. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Shrub Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Meyer, SE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Shrub Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 735 North 500 East, Provo, UT 84606 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 125 EP 130 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800023 ER PT B AU Pendleton, RL Pendleton, BK Howard, GL Warren, SD AF Pendleton, RL Pendleton, BK Howard, GL Warren, SD BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Effects of biological soil crusts on seedling growth and mineral content of four semiarid herbaceous plant species SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID NITROGEN; AVAILABILITY; ECOSYSTEM; DYNAMICS; ROOT AB A growing body of evidence indicates that biological soil crusts of and and semiarid lands contribute significantly to ecosystem stability by means of soil stabilization, nitrogen fixation, and improved growth and establishment of vascular plant species. In this study, we examined growth and mineral content of Bromus tectorum, Elymus elymoides, Gaillardia pulchella, and Sphaeralcea munroana grown in soil amended with one of three levels of biological soil crust material: (1) a low-fertility sand collected near Moab, UT, (2) sand amended with a 1-cm top layer of excised soil crust, and (3) crushed-crust material. Plants were harvested after 10 weeks growth, dried, weighed, and leaves were ground for nutrient analysis. Root architecture was also quantified. Soil crust additions significantly affected nearly all variables examined. Both aboveground and belowground biomass were significantly increased in the presence of crust material. The effect of soil crust additions is likely due to the increased nitrogen content of the crusts. Nitrogen tissue content of all four species was greatly enhanced in crusted soils. All species showed a decline in root/shoot ratios with crust additions, indicating a shift in plant allocation patterns in response to improved soil fertility. The proportion of fine feeder roots, as measured by specific root length, also declined with the addition of soil crust material. These data support other studies suggesting that soil crusts have a positive effect on establishment of associated vascular plant species. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Pendleton, RL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, 333 Broadway SE,Suite 115, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 131 EP 133 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800024 ER PT B AU St John, L Blaker, P AF St John, L Blaker, P BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI New native plant releases from the USDA-NRCS, Aberdeen, ID, Plant Materials Center SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA AB The Plant Materials Center at Aberdeen, ID, is operated by the United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. The purpose of the Plant Materials Center is to evaluate and release plant materials for conservation use and to develop and transfer new technology for the establishment and management of plants. The Center serves portions of Nevada, Utah, California, Oregon, and Idaho. In 1995, two selected ecotypes of penstemon were released. The Richfield Selection of firecracker penstemon has bright red flowers on upright racemes. The Clearwater Selection of Venus penstemon has bright lavender flowers on narrow panicles. Native penstemon species provide soil stabilization, plant diversity, and beautification. 'Bannock' thickspike wheatgrass was released in 1995 to be used as a component of seed mixes for rangeland and pasture seedings. In 2001, Snake River Plains fourwing saltbush Selected Class Germplasm and Northern Cold Desert winterfat Selected Class Germplasm were released. Both of these shrubs are important species on many ecological sites in the Intermountain West and have potential for use in erosion control, rangeland restoration, livestock and big game browse, and wildlife plantings. C1 USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Plant Mat Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP St John, L (reprint author), USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Plant Mat Ctr, POB 296, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 138 EP 139 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800026 ER PT B AU Taylor, JR Roundy, BA Allen, PS Meyer, SE AF Taylor, JR Roundy, BA Allen, PS Meyer, SE BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Predicting seedling emergence using soil moisture and temperature sensors SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID CHENOPODIUM-ALBUM; GERMINATION; GRASSES AB Hydrothermal time models are often used to predict seed germination rates. In this study, soil water potential data from three resistance-type sensors (Colman cells, Watermark brand sensors, and Delmhorst gypsum blocks) and from a time-domain reflectometry (TDR) probe (Campbell Scientific 615) were input into a hydrothermal time model to predict seedling emergence in a growth chamber experiment for six desert grass species, including Brachypodium distachyon, Bromus fasciculatus, Crithopsis delilianus, and Stipa capensis from the Negev Desert, and naturalized downy brome (Bromus tectorum) and bottlebrush squirreltail (Elymus elymoides) from the Great Basin Desert. Seeds were sown in a structureless sandy loam soil that was irrigated approximating 0.58, 1.25, 1.50, and 2.00 times field capacity volumetric water content and allowed to dry in a growth chamber programmed to simulate spring temperatures in Provo, UT. Colman cells and Delmhorst gypsum blocks indicated more rapid soil surface drying than did Watermark sensors and TDR probes. Inputs provided by the sensors correctly predicted seedling emergence of these rapidly germinating grasses when water potential was high, but incorrectly predicted emergence when rapidly decreasing water potentials inhibited emergence. These results suggest that more accurate measurement or prediction of seed zone water potentials may be necessary before hydrothermal time models can effectively predict seedling emergence in the field. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Taylor, JR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 140 EP 145 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800027 ER PT B AU Derner, JD Tischler, CR Polley, HW Johnson, HB AF Derner, JD Tischler, CR Polley, HW Johnson, HB BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Effects of elevated CO2 on growth responses of honey mesquite seedlings from sites along a precipitation gradient SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PROSOPIS-GLANDULOSA; BIOMASS ALLOCATION; SAVANNA PARKLAND; WATER RELATIONS; ENRICHMENT; TEXAS; GRASSLANDS AB We collected seeds from two honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa) trees at each of three sites along an east-west precipitation gradient in Texas: Marlin (93.2 cm mean annual precipitation, MAP), Menard (62.0 cm MAP), and Bakers field (36.6 cm MAP) to test the hypothesis that CO2 enrichment would differentially affect plant responses along this gradient. However, significant interactions between CO2 and the site of origin were not observed at either harvest (8- or 16-days postemergence). Growth responses of genotypes of honey mesquite collected from the east-west precipitation gradient were inconsistent with respect to the gradient. Significant growth responses to elevated CO2 often were of small absolute and relative magnitude, especially at the 16-day harvest. If genetic differences exist among the genotypes used in this investigation, they do not affect growth responses to elevated CO2 under well-watered conditions. Similar enhancement of seedling plant growth to elevated CO2 in genotypes of honey mesquite from a wide precipitation gradient suggests that this invasive, woody plant will respond comparably to CO2 enrichment regardless of precipitation at the site of origin. Whether this genetic potential is displayed in the field, however, is uncertain as existing environmental conditions may constrain responses to CO2 enrichment. This invasive species likely will continue to be a problem species on rangelands in the future. C1 USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Derner, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, 8408 Hildreth Rd, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 156 EP 160 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800029 ER PT B AU Tischler, CR Derner, JD Polley, HW Johnson, HB AF Tischler, CR Derner, JD Polley, HW Johnson, HB BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Responses of seedlings of five woody species to carbon dioxide enrichment SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID ELEVATED CO2; GROWTH; SEED AB Encroachment of woody species into formerly productive rangeland is an immense problem in the Southwest. Effects of predicted global change scenarios on seedlings of such species are largely unstudied. Seedlings of five invasive woody legume species (honey mesquite [Prosopisglandulosa], huisache [Acacia farnesiana], honeylocust [Gleditsia triacanthos], Eve's necklace [Sophora affinis], and Paloverde [Parkinsonia aculeata]) were grown for 23 days in glasshouses in Temple, TX, at ambient and twice ambient levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Plants were kept well watered and fertilized. Seedlings of all species responded positively to CO2 enrichment, with significant differences in seedling mass observed I week after emergence. Mesquite and huisache responded most strongly to elevated CO2 Other work from our laboratory suggests that at least for honey mesquite and huisache, seedling mortality is near zero beyond 3 weeks postemergence, even under water stress conditions. Thus, these invasive species will likely become even more problematic in the future as atmospheric CO2 increases. C1 USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Tischler, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 161 EP 163 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800030 ER PT B AU Laycock, WA Bartos, DL Klement, KD AF Laycock, WA Bartos, DL Klement, KD BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Species richness inside and outside long-term exclosures SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA ID BIODIVERSITY; PRAIRIE AB Recent environmental literature contains claims that livestock grazing has caused reduction in species diversity on Western rangelands. Data of species richness (number of species) is presented from inside and outside 24 long-term exclosures in Montana, Utah, and Wyoming. For the average of all exclosures there was no difference between species richness inside and outside the exclosures. Overlap of species (those found both inside and outside of the exclosures) was high (69 to 72 percent), and the species found either inside only or outside only did not reveal any trend related to grazing or successional status. The areas inside and outside eight exclosures in Wyoming were sampled in 2 successive years. Growing season moisture was above normal the first year and far below normal the second. Species richness sampled was more than 40 percent lower in the second year than in the first. The rather small difference in species richness inside and outside all of the exclosures indicates that neither grazing nor lack of grazing has much long-term influence on species richness. However, growing season moisture can greatly influence how many species are encountered when sampling an area. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Logan, UT USA. RP Laycock, WA (reprint author), 3415 Alta Vista Dr, Laramie, WY 82072 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 183 EP 188 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800034 ER PT B AU Booth, DT Derner, JD AF Booth, DT Derner, JD BE Hild, AL Shaw, NL Meyer, SE Booth, TD McArthur, ED TI Research at the high plains grasslands research station SO SEED AND SOIL DYNAMICS IN SHRUBLAND ECOSYSTEMS: PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Seed and Soil Dynamics in Shrubland Ecosystems Conference CY AUG 12-16, 2002 CL Laramie, WY SP Shrub Res Consortium, Univ Wyoming, USDA AB During the 12th Wildland Shrub Symposium, August 12 to 16, 2002, in Laramie, WY, field trip participants visited the High Plains Grasslands Research Station in Cheyenne. The Station is operated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service on land owned by the city of Cheyenne. The tour included a chance to visit the historic setting, tour facilities, and listen to presentations by Station scientists and cooperating investigators. Cooperators include the University of Wyoming and Colorado State University; U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Wyoming State Office; and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Grazing Lands Team. C1 USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Booth, DT (reprint author), USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, 8408 Hildreth Rd, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 VL 31 BP 209 EP 211 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BAJ24 UT WOS:000222498800038 ER PT J AU Kirkbride, JH Gunn, CR Dallwitz, MJ AF Kirkbride, JH Gunn, CR Dallwitz, MJ TI Worldwide identification of legume (Fabaceae) seeds using expert computer technology SO SEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The Fabaceae or legume family has 686 genera and more than 17,600 species. Fruit data (157 characters) were collected for 669 genera, seed data (127 characters) for 655 genera and distributional data (six characters) for all genera. Our final data matrix had 105,033 items of fruit data, 83,185 items of seed data and 4,122 items of distributional data. Approximately 1,360 images were attached to the genera and 205 images to individual characters. The database in combination with the Intkey software program will facilitate: 1) identification of legume seeds and fruits to genus through interaction between users and the database on microcomputers with characteristics of the user's choice; and 2) retrieval of information concerning seeds, fruits and distribution of legume genera, adapted to the specific needs of each user. Users are introduced to the database and software and instructed in their use. C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kirkbride, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Rm 304,Bldg 011A,BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM joe@nt.ars-grin.gov; mucuna@juno.com; mike.dallwitz@netspeed.com.au NR 31 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ISTA-INT SEED TESTING ASSOC PI BASSERSDORF PA ZUERICHSTR 50, PO BOX 308, CH-8303 BASSERSDORF, SWITZERLAND SN 0251-0952 EI 1819-5717 J9 SEED SCI TECHNOL JI Seed Sci. Technol. PY 2004 VL 32 IS 1 BP 53 EP 68 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 835WH UT WOS:000222515700007 ER PT B AU Brookes, SO AF Brookes, SO BE Gibson, JL Carr, PJ TI Cultural complexity in the Middle Archaic of Mississippi SO SIGNS OF POWER: THE RISE OF CULTURAL COMPLEXITY IN THE SOUTHEAST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Rise of Cultural Complexity in the Southeast CY SEP, 2000 CL Poverty Point, LA C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Jackson, MS 39269 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV ALABAMA PRESS PI TUSCALOOSA PA PO BOX 870380, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35487 USA BN 0-8173-1391-5 PY 2004 BP 97 EP 113 PG 17 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA BAR99 UT WOS:000223334500006 ER PT J AU Ralston, R Buongiorno, J Fried, JS AF Ralston, R Buongiorno, J Fried, JS TI Potential yield, return, and tree diversity of managed, uneven-aged Douglas-fir stands SO SILVA FENNICA LA English DT Article DE uneven-aged management; Douglas-fir; WestPro; simulation; economics; diversity ID ECONOMIC RETURNS; SPECIES COMPOSITION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; LONG-TERM; FORESTS; REGIMES; SILVICULTURE; GROWTH; MODEL AB The effects of different management regimes on uneven-aged Douglas-fir stands in the Pacific Northwest of the United States were predicted with a simulation model. Management alternatives were defined by residual stand structure and cutting cycle. The residual stand structure was set by basal area-diameter-q-ratio (BDq) distributions, diameter-limit cuts (assuming concurrent stand improvement), or the current diameter distribution. Cutting cycles of 10 or 20 years were applied for 200 years. The current diameter distribution was defined as the average of the uneven-aged Douglas-fir stands sampled in the most recent Forest Inventory and Analysis conducted in Oregon and Washington. Simulation results were compared in terms of financial returns, timber productivity, species group diversity (hardwoods vs softwoods), size class diversity, and stand structure. Other things being equal, there was little difference between 10- and 20-year cutting cycles. The highest financial returns were obtained with either a 58.4 cm diameter-limit cut, or a BDq distribution with 8.4 m(2) of residual basal area, a 71.1 cm maximum diameter, and a q-ratio of 1.2. Using the current stand state as the residual distribution was the best way to obtain high tree size diversity, and high species group diversity. Several uneven-aged regimes gave net present values comparable to that obtained by converting the initial, uneven-aged stand to an even-aged, commercially thinned, plantation. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Forest Expt Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Ralston, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jbuongio@facstaff.wisc.edu NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 9 PU FINNISH SOC FOREST SCIENCE-NATURAL RESOURCES INST FINLAND PI VANTAA PA PO BOX 18, FI-01301 VANTAA, FINLAND SN 0037-5330 EI 2242-4075 J9 SILVA FENN JI Silva. Fenn. PY 2004 VL 38 IS 1 BP 55 EP 70 AR 435 DI 10.14214/sf.435 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 808NZ UT WOS:000220577100005 ER PT J AU Zalesny, RS Bauer, EO Riemenschneider, DE AF Zalesny, RS Bauer, EO Riemenschneider, DE TI Use of belowground growing degree days to predict rooting of dormant hardwood cuttings of Populus SO SILVAE GENETICA LA English DT Article DE Populus deltoides; P. maximowiczii; hybrid poplar; soil temperature; genotype x environment interaction ID BALSAM POPLAR; QUANTITATIVE GENETICS; COTTONWOOD CLONES; GROWTH; BIOMASS; TREMULOIDES; HEIGHT; TEMPERATURES; STRATEGIES; DELTOIDES AB Planting Populus cuttings based on calendar days neglects soil temperature extremes and does not promote rooting based on specific genotypes. Our objectives were to: 1) test the biological efficacy of a thermal index based on belowground growing degree days (GDD) across the growing period, 2) test for interactions between belowground GDD and clones, and 3) identify beneficial planting windows based on combinations of genotypes and belowground GDD. We tested two clones of Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh (D133, D134) and four hybrid clones of P. deltoides x P. maximowiczii A. Henry (DM101, DM105, NC14105, NC14107). Cuttings, 20 cm long, were planted in randomized complete blocks at 15- x 15-cm spacing across three planting dates during 1999 at Alexandria, Minnesota, USA (45.9 degrees N, 95.4 degrees W) and Fertile, Minnesota, USA (47.3 degrees N, 96.2 degrees W). Temperatures at 20 cm belowground were converted to GDD with a base temperature of 10 C. We measured root, top, and,total dry weight, along with number of roots after 14 d of growth. Relatively warmer and cooler soil temperatures promoted rooting for the cottonwoods and hybrids, respectively. We recommend planting after reaching a threshold of 163 belowground GDD for P. deltoides clones and planting before reaching a threshold of 173 belowground GDD for P. deltoides x P. maximowiczii clones. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Zalesny, RS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. EM rzalesny@fs.fed.us NR 44 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU J D SAUERLANDERS VERLAG PI FRANKFURT PA FINKENHOFSTRASSE 21, D-60322 FRANKFURT, GERMANY SN 0037-5349 J9 SILVAE GENET JI Silvae Genet. PY 2004 VL 53 IS 4 BP 154 EP 160 PG 7 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity GA 914FV UT WOS:000228214100003 ER PT B AU Grabam, RT Jain, TB AF Grabam, RT Jain, TB GP USDA TI Past, present, and future role of silviculture in forest management SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Grabam, RT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 1 EP 14 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400001 ER PT B AU Slaughter, S Ward, L Hills, M Chew, J McFarlan, R AF Slaughter, S Ward, L Hills, M Chew, J McFarlan, R GP USDA TI A collaborative fire hazard reduction/ecosystem restoration stewardship project in a Montana mixed ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir/Western larch wildland urban interface SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO ID CONIFER FORESTS AB Forest Service managers and researchers designed and evaluated alternative disturbance-based fire hazard reduction/ecosystem restoration treatments in a greatly altered low-elevation ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir/western larch wildland urban interface. Collaboratively planned improvement cutting and prescribed fire treatment alternatives were evaluated in simulations of disturbance processes and interactions with the partially restored wildland urban interface conditions. The SIMPPLLE modeling system was used to reconstruct historic landscape conditions across a broad range of fire regimes and to model future landscapes that reduce fire severity, restore wildlife habitats, reduce bark beetle severity; and disclose environmental effects. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Huson, MT USA. RP Slaughter, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Lolo Natl Forest,Ninemile Ranger Dist, Huson, MT USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 15 EP 30 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400002 ER PT B AU Youngblood, A Johnson, K Schlaich, J Wickman, B AF Youngblood, A Johnson, K Schlaich, J Wickman, B GP USDA TI Silvicultural activities in Pringle Falls Experimental Forest, central Oregon SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO ID PONDEROSA PINE; GROWTH AB Pringle Falls Experimental Forest has been a center for research in ponderosa pine forests east of the crest of the Cascade Range since 1931. Long-term research facilities, sites, and future research opportunities are currently at risk from stand-replacement wildfire because of changes in stand structure resulting from past fire exclusion. At the same time, many of the special values are increasingly at risk from recreational impacts and nearby urban development. We describe the special values associated with ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) stands in the Experimental Forest, we present our rationale for a series of treatments, and we discuss implementation of a set of silvicultural prescriptions designed to protect and enhance the special values of Pringle Falls Experimental Forest. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, LaGrande FSL, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. RP Youngblood, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, LaGrande FSL, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 31 EP 48 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400003 ER PT B AU Jain, TB Graham, RT AF Jain, TB Graham, RT GP USDA TI Enhancing moist forest restoration opportunities in riparian systems SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO ID NATURAL AREAS; IDAHO; CLASSIFICATION; MOUNTAINS; HABITAT; BASIN; USA AB In northern Rocky Mountain moist forests, riparian systems contain many attributes that create unique biophysical conditions that alter disturbances and microenvironments; thus creating distinct forest structures, species composition, and management challenges. For example, browsing, limited opening size, competition from surrounding ground vegetation, high soil moisture, and cold air drainage challenge the application of any silvicultural method, but if these aspects are considered prior to applying restoration efforts, they can also facilitate a successful result. This paper discusses a series of silvicultural tools that can be used in riparian restoration, including integrating knowledge on competitive thresholds for western white pine (Pinus monticola) (occupancy, competitive advantage, and free-to-grow status), maintaining overstory canopy for modifying cold air drainage, and using coarse woody debris and other vegetation to decrease browsing damage while minimizing sedimentation input and soil compaction. Although applying an integrated silvicultural system is critical in any restoration project, non-technical expertise concentrating on the interactions among people during project implementation is needed to achieve successful restoration results. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Jain, TB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2004 IS 34 BP 49 EP 63 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400004 ER PT B AU Gottfried, GJ AF Gottfried, GJ GP USDA TI Silvics and silviculture in the southwestern pinyon-juniper woodlands SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO AB Southwestern pinyon-juniper and juniper woodlands cover large areas of the western United States. The woodlands have been viewed as places of beauty and sources of valuable resource products or as weed-dominated landscapes that hinder the production of forage for livestock. They are special places because of the emotions and controversies that encircle their management. Silvicultural methods can be employed on better sites to meet multiresource objectives and to maintain the health and sustainability of the woodlands. Silviculture must be based on an understanding of the silvics of the woodlands and their major species. Single-tree selection and diameter-limit prescriptions are being evaluated in central Arizona. Silvopastoral prescriptions that can maintain the tree component and provide for increased forage production and improved wildlife habitat are being tested in New Mexico. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Phoenix, AZ 85006 USA. RP Gottfried, GJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Phoenix, AZ 85006 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2004 IS 34 BP 64 EP 79 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400005 ER PT B AU Bragg, DC AF Bragg, DC GP USDA TI A prescription for old-growth-like characteristics in southern pines SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO ID NATURAL DISTURBANCE; VEGETATION; FORESTS; STANDS AB Recent interest in adding old-growth reserves conflicts with a projected increase in the demand for forest commodities. However, managing for old-growth-like characteristics may permit timber production from stands designed to be similar to primeval forests. A silvicultural strategy based on presettlement forest conditions is being tested on 120 ac of mature loblolly (Pinus taeda) and shortleaf (Pinus echinata) pine on the Crossett Experimental Forest in Arkansas. Reference conditions from historical photographs, surveyor notes, old explorer journals, early research papers, and technical reports guided the prescription's design. A combination of harvesting, prescribed burns, and competition control should gradually produce structure similar to pine-dominated presettlement forests. Timber yield and natural attributes will be monitored and compared to traditional silvicultural practices to develop flexible prescriptions that can be modified later, if appropriate. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 80 EP 92 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400006 ER PT B AU Shepperd, WD Asherin, A Mata, SA McClain, DL AF Shepperd, WD Asherin, A Mata, SA McClain, DL GP USDA TI The cutting methods demonstration study at fraser experimental forest SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO AB Efficiency of harvest, overstory regrowth, and regeneration establishment are compared among 12 even- and uneven-aged regeneration cuttings installed in 1984 in subalpine Engelmann spruce and lodgepole pine forests on the Fraser Experimental Forest in central Colorado. Individual tree selection and overstory removal prescriptions were much less efficient to log than two- or three-step shelterwood cuts, clearcuts, or group selection cuts. Considerable overstory growth has occurred in all treatments, but most noticeably in the spruce-fir shelterwood and lodgepole pine uneven-aged treatments. Abundant regeneration was present in all treatments, but subalpine fir dominated in partial harvest treatments, illustrating the need for precommercial thinning in subalpine forests. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Shepperd, WD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 102 EP 109 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400008 ER PT B AU Barnett, JP AF Barnett, JP GP USDA TI Restoring the longleaf pine ecosystem the role of container seedling technology SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO ID BIODIVERSITY AB Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) ecosystems once occupied 90 million acres in the southern United States' coastal plain. Restoration of longleaf pine ecosystems has been difficult because reestablishment of the species by either natural or artificial means has been problematic. The application of container seedling technology to longleaf pine markedly improves reforestation success. It allows nursery managers and silviculturists to more effectively deal with the inherent seed and seedling characteristics that make longleaf establishment so difficult. Improved seed collecting and processing and seedling cultural techniques have resulted in planting stock that can be successfully established in the field. As a result, a 10-fold increase in longleaf pine seedling production has occurred in the last few years to meet restoration needs across the South. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Alexandria Forestry Ctr, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Barnett, JP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Alexandria Forestry Ctr, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 127 EP 134 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400010 ER PT B AU Katovich, SA O'Brien, JG Mielke, ME Ostry, ME AF Katovich, SA O'Brien, JG Mielke, ME Ostry, ME GP USDA TI Restoration and management of eastern white pine within high blister rust hazard zones in the Lake States SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO AB In areas considered high hazard for blister rust in the northern Lake States, six white pine plantings were established between 1989 and 1999 to: (1) evaluate the impacts of blister rust, white pine weevil, browsing, and competition stress on tree growth and survival, and (2) evaluate the effectiveness of genetic and silvicultural strategies to minimize damage. The effectiveness of a genetic approach is being examined by evaluating seedlings from selected rust-free source trees (seed orchard collected seed) vs. non-selected nursery seedlings (field collected seed). The silvicultural approach is being examined by comparing pruned vs. unpruned trees, and shelterwood vs. clearcut treatments. Early results based on data collected through 2003 are summarized in this paper. Deer and hare browsing have caused widespread mortality at two sites. Competition has been intense on many of the sites, especially in the open-grown (clearcut) treatments, severely affecting growth and survival. The incidence of tree mortality caused by blister rust has been relatively minor, with Armillaria root disease killing more trees than blister rust. Results are too preliminary to fully evaluate the long-term effectiveness of pruning, shelterwood treatment, or planting selected stock in reducing blister rust incidence. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Area, Forest Hlth Protect, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Katovich, SA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Area, Forest Hlth Protect, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 135 EP 145 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400011 ER PT B AU Schoettle, AW AF Schoettle, AW GP USDA TI Developing proactive management options to sustain bristlecone and limber pine ecosystems in the presence of a non-native pathogen SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO ID CLARKS NUTCRACKER; BLISTER RUST; DISPERSAL; FORESTS; RANGE; SEED AB Limber pine and Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine are currently threatened by the non-native pathogen white pine blister rust (WPBR). Limber pine is experiencing mortality in the Northern Rocky Mountains and the infection front continues to move southward. The first report of WPBR on Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine was made in 2003 (Blodgett and Sullivan 2004), at a site that is more than 220 miles away from the former infection front. No mortality has been observed in this recently infected area but the species is highly susceptible. There are no ecological reasons to suspect that WPBR on bristlecone and the southern distribution of limber pine will not expand over time. Learning from experiences in impacted ecosystems will facilitate the development of proactive measures to mitigate impacts in these southern populations in the future. If no action is taken, and the pathogen takes its course, we risk losses of aesthetic landscapes; impacts to ecosystem boundaries, successional pathways, and watershed processes; and shifts from forested to treeless sites at some landscape positions. This paper introduces an interdisciplinary approach to developing proactive management options for limber and bristlecone pines in the southern Rocky Mountains. Managers, researchers, operational professionals and interested public groups will have to work together and share their knowledge and perspectives to sustain these ecosystems for future generations. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Schoettle, AW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2004 IS 34 BP 146 EP 155 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400012 ER PT B AU Miller, GW Knochenderfer, JN Fekdulegn, D AF Miller, GW Knochenderfer, JN Fekdulegn, D GP USDA TI Composition and development of reproduction in two-age Appalachian hardwood stands: 20-year results SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO AB In the early 1980s, silviculturists with the Northeastern Research Station and Monongahela National Forest envisioned that managing some Appalachian hardwood stands to promote two-age structures would be part of an effective strategy for managing multi-use forests. Two-age stands provided the light and seedbed conditions necessary for regenerating numerous desirable hardwood species and maintaining species diversity. The residual overstory trees also served to maintain vertical structure, mast production, wildlife habitat, and esthetic quality in visually, sensitive areas. This paper examines the composition and development of approximately 20-year-old reproduction growing beneath 100-year-old residual overstory trees in two-age central Appalachian hardwood stands. After 20 years, the crowns of the residual overstory trees had expanded by nearly 80 percent and collectively covered almost half of the stand area. Desirable shade-intolerant species such as black cherry, northern red oak, and yellow-poplar in the new age class had remained competitive only in areas located between the crowns of the residual overstory trees. The areas located beneath the residual overstory trees were occupied by tolerant species such as sugar maple, red maple, and American beech. Data indicated that the residual overstory trees had a strong influence on the development and long-term species composition of reproduction. Practical alternatives for planning and implementing two-age management systems are discussed. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Miller, GW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 171 EP 181 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400015 ER PT B AU Guldin, JM Strom, J Montague, W Hedrick, LD AF Guldin, JM Strom, J Montague, W Hedrick, LD GP USDA TI Shortleaf pine-bluestem habitat restoration in the Interior Highlands: Implications for stand growth and regenerations SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO AB National Forest managers in the Interior Highlands of Arkansas are restoring 155,000 acres of unburned shortleaf pine stands to shortleaf pine-blue-stem habitat. Habitat restoration consists of longer rotations, removal of midstory hardwoods, and reintroduction of fire. A study was installed in the spring of 2000 to evaluate shortleaf pine regeneration and overstory stand growth under treatment. At this point in the study, there is no difference in milacre stocking of pines related to number of growing seasons after burning. Analysis suggests that residual basal areas below 50 ft(2) per acre will be needed to develop sufficient advance growth of shortleaf pine to ensure regeneration when regeneration cutting is implemented. Over a four-year period, growth in treated and control stands is substantially less than that predicted from growth models developed in this forest type. However, there are no significant differences in growth over four years between treated stands and the control stands. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Monticello, AR USA. RP Guldin, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Monticello, AR USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2004 IS 34 BP 182 EP 190 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400016 ER PT B AU Powers, RF Sanchez, FG Scott, DA Page-Dumroese, D AF Powers, RF Sanchez, FG Scott, DA Page-Dumroese, D GP USDA TI The North American long-term soil productivity experiment: Coast-to-coast findings from the first decade SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO ID FOREST; COMPACTION; GROWTH; REMOVAL; ROOTS; PINE AB The National Forest Management Act of 1976 mandates that a site's productive capacity must be protected on federally managed lands. Monitoring the effects of management on a site's productive capacity is not easy, and in 1989 a national program of Long-Term Soil Productivity (LTSP) research was established to assist National Forests toward this end. The LTSP program focuses on disturbances associated with timber harvest, but findings apply to any activities altering vegetation or soil. LTSP centers on core experiments that manipulate site organic matter, soil porosity, and the complexity of the plant community. Results from a dozen decade-old LTSP installations in the Sierra Nevada and the Southern Coastal Plain do not indicate that site productivity has been impaired despite substantive soil compaction and massive removals of surface organic matter. The strongest effect of treatment on planted tree growth on sites governed by temperate and subtropical climates was the control of competing vegetation. With only one-fifth of the LTSP installations reporting, findings should not be generalized to other sites and climates. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96001 USA. RP Powers, RF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96001 USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 191 EP 206 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400017 ER PT B AU Hazelbaker, K AF Hazelbaker, K GP USDA TI Caring for a wild and scenic river SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO AB The Middle Fork Clearwater Wild and Scenic River was established under the 1968 Wild and Scenic Rivers Act. Forest Service managers gradually became concerned with the increasing loss of the large, old ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir that characterize much of the river corridor and adjacent uplands. The perceived dilemma was how to maintain both high esthetic values and a seral forest that was resilient in the face of wildfire, insect attacks, and disease presence. The Lochsa District on the Clearwater Forest developed guidelines for management within the corridor. Prescriptions included shelterwood with reserves, group selection, and prescribed fire. These treatments maintained the highly esthetic character, improved big game winter range, reduced fire hazard, maintained soil stability on steep slopes, realized an economic return, and set up these forests for long-term resiliency. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Kamiah, ID USA. RP Hazelbaker, K (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Reg 1,Clearwater Nez Perce Forest Plan, Kamiah, ID USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 207 EP 216 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400018 ER PT B AU Jain, TB Graham, RT AF Jain, TB Graham, RT GP USDA TI Is forest structure related to fire severity? Yes, no, and maybe: Methods and insights in quantifying the answer SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO ID POSTFIRE; EROSION; SOIL AB Wildfires in 2000 burned over 500,000 forested ha in the Northern Rocky Mountains. in 200 1, National Fire Plan funding became available to evaluate the influence of pre-wildfire forest structure on post wildfire fire severity. Results from this study will provide information on forest structures that are resilient to wildfire. Three years of data (558 plots) have been collected from forested areas that burned in 2000, 2001, and 2002. Forests used in this study include dry ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir, cold lodgepole pine/subalpine fir, and moist western larch forests. Probability sampling of all areas within a particular fire perimeter was used to locate study sites and a sampling matrix was used to capture variation in weather, topographic setting, and pre-wildfire forest structure of which the fires represented. Fire severity (current state of soils and vegetation after the wildfire) was quantified on adjacent paired plots, with each plot representing a different forest structure. Classification trees and cluster analysis identified relations among forest structure characteristics, physical-setting, and fire severity. Probability of a particular forest structure relating to fire severity was computed. This paper describes methodology used in the project, discusses challenges associated with conducting this type of study, and uses preliminary results (probabilities) from the first two years of data collection to show how forest structure relates to both crown and soil surface fire severity. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Jain, TB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2004 IS 34 BP 217 EP 234 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400019 ER PT B AU Loftis, DL McNab, WH Berg, EC Oprean, TM AF Loftis, DL McNab, WH Berg, EC Oprean, TM GP USDA TI Lessons learned in 84-year-old plots at Looking-Glass Rock, North Carolina SO SILVICULTURE IN SPECIAL PLACES, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Silviculture Workshop CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL Granby, CO AB Looking Class Rock is a large, exposed granite pluton that is a special place for recreation and wildlife in the Pisgah National Forest. Even-aged timber stands surrounding the base of the rock originated in 1916 from clearcutting of the original mixed-species virgin stands. Two species now account for 86 percent of the 211 ft(2) of stand basal area per acre: overstory yellow-poplar (81 percent) and midstory silverbell (5 percent). Timber management is not a current option in this area. If options change, however, research results suggest several techniques for managing and regenerating this and other stands on productive sites. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. RP Loftis, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2004 IS 34 BP 235 EP 241 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BBP03 UT WOS:000226796400020 ER PT J AU Frentz, IC Farmer, FL Guldin, JM Smith, KG AF Frentz, IC Farmer, FL Guldin, JM Smith, KG TI Public lands and population growth SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE amenity migration; county population growth; federal land management agencies; federal lands; National Park Service; USDA Forest Service ID UNITED-STATES; MOUNTAIN WEST; WILDERNESS; MIGRATION; COUNTIES; WAGES; RENTS AB Human population growth has substantial impacts on federal lands management. This article documents that growth in federal lands counties was frequently higher than the area's average. Relationships were found between population growth rates and region, metropolitan status, and federal lands presence. Population growth rates varied with federal land management agency, which may be due to regional differences as well as differences in the relative amount of natural amenities. Additional research is needed to explain growth differentials. C1 Univ Arkansas, Sch Human Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Hot Springs, AR USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Frentz, IC (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, 1000 W Cary St,POB 842012, Richmond, VA USA. NR 34 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 4 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 17 IS 1 BP 57 EP 68 DI 10.1080/08941920490247272 PG 12 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 749QE UT WOS:000186930800004 ER PT J AU Peterson, CJ Gerard, PD Ems-Wilson, J AF Peterson, CJ Gerard, PD Ems-Wilson, J TI Recommendations for treated-area choice assays with termites (Isoptera) SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Reticulitermes spp.; choice-assay; repellent; clustering; analysis ID ESSENTIAL OIL; RHINOTERMITIDAE AB The repellency of catnip (Nepeta cataria) essential oil was evaluated in a treated-area choice assay with subterranean termites (Reticulitermes spp.). It appeared that fewer R. virginicus were found on the treated portion of a Petri dish within a period of about 7 d; R. flavipes was not affected by the presence of the oil. The data collected from the control dishes, however, showed an unacceptably high Type I error rate (rejection of H-0: n(t) = n(u), when H-0 is true, where n(t) is the expected number of termites on the treated side and n(u) is the expected number of insects on the untreated side). The tendency of termites to cluster was the probable reason for this, and calls into question the data obtained from the tests. Computer simulations, using a range of cluster factors, replications and numbers of termites per replication, were conducted, and the Type I error rate was calculated when a cluster center (a point corresponding to a random angle theta and radius rho value within a circle) and random "termite" positions about the cluster center were plotted. Type I error rates were consistently inflated for all analyses that were based on individual animal behavior, and could not be corrected by increasing replications. We recommend an analysis where the number of insects on the treated or untreated side is recorded, then the dish is designated as "repelled" or "not repelled," and the number of repelled dishes is analyzed. This method effectively controls the Type I error rate so that it is no greater than the nominal value. It is recommended to use at least 25 replications to ensure adequate statistical power. Analysis of these types of data is best accomplished by use of Fisher's Exact test or Boschloo's Exact Unconditional test. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Wood Prod Insect Res Unit, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Expt Stat Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Valencia Community Coll, Dept Chem, Orlando, FL 32802 USA. RP Peterson, CJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Wood Prod Insect Res Unit, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU CALIF STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2004 VL 44 IS 1 BP 171 EP 185 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 828WV UT WOS:000222005300013 ER PT J AU Su, NY Stith, BM Puche, H Bardunias, P AF Su, NY Stith, BM Puche, H Bardunias, P TI Characterization of tunneling geometry of subterranean termites (Isoptera : Rhinotermitidae) by computer simulation SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE C.formosanus; R.flavipes; fractal geometry; SimTerm; 2-dimensional foraging arena ID COPTOTERMES-FORMOSANUS ISOPTERA; FRACTAL ANALYSIS; RETICULITERMES-FLAVIPES; SYSTEMS; SAND; NEST AB Tunnel structure of two subterranean termite species, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki and Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar), was reduced into basic components by a protocol for quantifying movement pathways. Component-wise comparisons showed that R.flavipes generated more primary tunnels that were closer together, less linear (i.e. shorter linear segment) with more branching, and turned at sharper turn angles than C. formosanus. A computer simulation program incorporating the measured components was used to reconstruct termite tunnels and to identify other critical components for further incorporation into the simulation program. Ten components were identified as the minimum elements needed to reconstruct plausible termite tunnel structure. A fractal analysis indicated that the simulation program produced tunnels with a statistically similar complexity to those produced by termites. The simulation program also provided insights into termite tunnel structure, namely the truncation of tunnels intersecting other tunnels, and the tendency for tunnels to radiate away from the origin without looping back towards the origin. C1 Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. BMS Consulting, Gainesville, FL 32607 USA. USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Su, NY (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. NR 26 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU CALIF STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 471 EP 483 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 864VE UT WOS:000224660200002 ER PT J AU Vogt, JT Streett, DA Boykin, D AF Vogt, JT Streett, DA Boykin, D TI Seasonal characteristics of black imported fire ant (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) mounds in northern Mississippi pastures SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE black fire ant; Solenopsis richteri; Mississippi; pastures ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; COLONY MOVEMENT; GROWTH AB Individual mound characteristics of Solenopsis richteri Forel, the black imported fire ant, were studied for one year in northern Mississippi pastures. Mounds were largest in May and smallest in November (41.5 +/- 4.7 and 26.2 +/- 4.1 L, respectively). Vegetation cover (vegetation growing from the mound surface) was greatest in August (75.8 +/- 3.8 %) and lowest in November (34.1 +/- 3.7 %); vegetation cover was about 30% greater on inactive (= abandoned) mounds than active mounds in February and May, but statistically similar in August and November. The proportion of mounds that were active ranged from 68 to 75%. Mounds were more eccentric during cooler months than during the summer. Seasonal changes in mound characteristics are discussed in light of their possible effects on mound detection using remote sensing techniques. C1 ARS, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. ARS, USDA, Midsouth Area, Off Stat Serv, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Vogt, JT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, POB 67, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU CALIF STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2004 VL 43 IS 3 BP 513 EP 522 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 812LA UT WOS:000220839800010 ER PT J AU Allen, LH Heimburg, KF Bill, RG Bartholic, JE Boote, KJ AF Allen, LH Heimburg, KF Bill, RG Bartholic, JE Boote, KJ TI Remotely sensed temperatures and evapotranspiration of heterogeneous grass and citrus tree-canopy surfaces SO SOIL AND CROP SCIENCE SOCIETY OF FLORIDA PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-BALANCE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; METEOROLOGICAL DATA; BOUNDARY-LAYER; WATER-VAPOR; EVAPORATION; SATELLITE; VEGETATION; MOMENTUM; FLUXES AB Methods for regional assessment of evapotranspiration are needed to predict surface and meteorological effects on water supplies. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of airborne thermal scanning of surface temperatures and several methods for determining surface-to-air transport resistance of sensible heat for measuring evapotranspiration by a resistance-energy balance technique. Aircraft overflights provided thermal images of a pasture and a citrus grove, which included other short and tall vegetation. Remotely-sensed surface temperatures covered a range of similar to20degreesC, with bare soil and close-cropped inactive pasture vegetation being the warmest, and water and tall vegetation being the coolest. Evapotranspiration rates (latent energy flux densities), depending on method, ranged from similar to30 W m(-2) in the warmest areas with limited water availability to similar to500 W m(-2) in the coolest areas where water was not limiting. The area-weighted evapotranspiration rates of the various methods were 87 to 104% of rates measured by a Bowen ratio apparatus. Three methods for computing surface-to-air heat transport resistance gave similar values. A major finding was that the surface-to-canopy air space resistance for short grass was much larger than the canopy air space-to-boundary layer reference height resistance. Furthermore, this surface resistance to heat transport was much larger than reported elsewhere for soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench.)]. These remote sensing methods clearly show differences based on surface vegetation conditions. They certainly can be applied to show the Aide range of variation of surface temperatures and flux densities of sensible heat and latent heat across landscapes, and they can be used to compute evapotranspiration accurately, provided that reliable surface-to-air heat transport resistances can be obtained. C1 Univ Florida, USDA ARS, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Allen, LH (reprint author), Univ Florida, USDA ARS, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM LHAJR@ifas.ufl.edu OI Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496 NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOIL CROP SCIENCE SOC FLORIDA PI GAINESVILLE PA C/O UNIV FLORIDA, PO BOX 110290, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611-0290 USA SN 0096-4522 J9 SOIL CROP SCI SOC FL JI Soil Crop Sci. Soc. Fla. Proc. PY 2004 VL 63 BP 1 EP 20 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 895KC UT WOS:000226859000001 ER PT J AU Guber, AK Pachepsky, YA Levkovsky, E AF Guber, AK Pachepsky, YA Levkovsky, E TI Mass-size scaling in soil aggregates as affected by aggregate water content and soil compaction SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE soil compaction; aggregate bulk density; aggregate porosity; mass firactal scaling; aggregate swelling ID FRACTAL DIMENSIONS; TILLAGE; FRAGMENTATION; POROSITY AB Determining aggregate size distribution is a common way of characterizing soil structure. Information about soil structure can also be derived from examining the aggregate mass or density of aggregate size. There have been several reports indicating that the density-size relationships in air-dry aggregates follow predictions of a model assuming aggregates to be mass fractals. It was demonstrated recently that such model is applicable to wet aggregates if parameters of this model are assumed to be linear functions of gravimetric water contents. The objective of this study was to evaluate sensitivity of fractal parameters to soil compaction caused by wheel traffic. Irrigated and nonirrigated plots were laid out at silty clay Greyzem under fallow, and treatments of one tractor pass and three tractor passes were applied. The volume of individual aggregates for four depths in the plow layer was measured by kerosene method at air-dry water content, at two intermediate water contents between saturation and air-dry, and at saturation. The mass fractal model fitted data in a satisfactory manner within the range of water contents from air-dry to saturation with a R-2 of 0.999. Both the slope and the intercept of the dependence of fractal dimension and reference aggregate mass on water content were more sensitive to compaction than to soil bulk density and aggregate size distributions. Parameters of fractal scaling showed promise for diagnosing compaction in studied soil. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Moscow 119892, Russia. RP Guber, AK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, 173 Powder Mill Rd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ypachepsky@anri.6arc.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1097/012.ss.0000112019.97541.cc PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 765UJ UT WOS:000188301900001 ER PT J AU Su, CM Suarez, DL AF Su, CM Suarez, DL TI Boron release from weathering of illites, serpentine, shales, and illitic/palygorskitic soils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IRON-RICH MONTMORILLONITE; CHEMICAL DIFFERENCES; DESORPTION; EXCHANGE; REGENERATION; TEMPERATURE; DISSOLUTION; RECLAMATION; POLYMORPHS; ADSORPTION AB Despite extensive research on B adsorption and release from soils, mineral sources of B within natively high B soils remain poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to identify source minerals contributing to the continued B release after extraction of soluble B and to estimate B release rate from weathering of B-containing minerals and soils. Two specimen illites (Morris and Fithian), two shales (Salt Creek and Moreno Gulch), a fresh and a weathered serpentine (antigorite) from the Coastal Range of California, a Traver silt loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive thermic Natric Haploxeralfs) and a Twisselman clay loam [fine, mixed (calcareous), superactive thermic Typic Torriorthents] both containing illite and palygorskite were successively extracted 7 to 26 times following each 12-h equilibration in 0.1 and 0-01 M CaCl2 solution until the supernatant solutions contained less than the detection limit of 0.001 mmol B L-1. Subsequently, the <2-μm and 2- to 20-μm size fractions were separated and reacted in deionized water at pH 5, 7, and 9 adjusted with HCI and NaOH. The total B of the separated fractions ranged from 5.1 to 28 mmol B kg(-1) and the surface areas from 5.7 to 126 m(2) g(-1). Boron release rates decreased with time and increasing pH. Average B release rates from 150 to 180 d ranged from 0.005 fmol m(-2) s(-1) for Salt Creek shale (2-20 μm) to 0.342 fmol m(-2) s(-1) for Traver silt (<2 mum) at pH 5, 0.004 fmol m(-2) s(-1) for Salt Creek shale (2-20 mum) to 0.060 fmol m(-2) s(-1) for Traver silt (<2 μm) at pH 7, and 0.002 fmol m(-2) s(-1) for weathered serpentine (2-20 μm) to 0.044 fmol m(-2) s(-1) for Traver silt (<2 mum) at pH 9. Nonstoichiometric dissolution was found for all materials at all pH levels. Illite, chlorite, and palygorskite were identified in the clay and silt fractions of the soils. Boron release from the two soils was accompanied with high Mg release into the solution, suggesting palygorskite as a major source for B. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. ARS, USDA, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Su, CM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM su.chunming@epa.gov NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2004 VL 68 IS 1 BP 96 EP 105 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 767WV UT WOS:000188497600013 ER PT J AU Johnson, JMF Reicosky, D Sharratt, B Lindstrom, M Voorhees, W Carpenter-Boggs, L AF Johnson, JMF Reicosky, D Sharratt, B Lindstrom, M Voorhees, W Carpenter-Boggs, L TI Characterization of soil amended with the by-product of corn stover fermentation SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FILLED PORE-SPACE; ORGANIC-MATTER; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; CROP RESIDUES; DECOMPOSITION; CARBON; MANAGEMENT; CO2; STRAW; QUALITY AB Corn (Zea mays L.) stover is a potential biofuel; however, removing this stover from the land may increase the risk of erosion and reduce soil organic matter (SOM). Land application of corn stover fermentation by-product, which is about 70% lignin, may reduce the environmental risk from biofuel harvest by helping to stabilize soil structure. A column study, with soil collected from a toeslope (noneroded, Svea; fine loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Pachic Hapludoll) and a shoulder slope (severely eroded, Langhei; fine loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Eutrudepts) was conducted to evaluate the effect of fermentation by-product on soil properties. Soil was either not amended (control) or amended with corn stover or by-product at 0.75, 3.0, and 6.1 g kg(-1). Soils were incubated for 123 d at ambient temperature in a laboratory, with an initial water-filled pore space (WFPS) of 0.6 m(3) m(-3) and drying cycles to 0.35 m(3) m(-3) WFPS. Compared with the control, amending soil with 6.1 g by-product kg(-1) increased CO2 flux by 68% and increased soluble C and microbial biomass C by about 20%. In the severely eroded soil, humic acid concentration (r(2) = 0.97,p = 0.009) and aggregate stability (r(2) = 0.98, p = 0.005) increased linearly with increased by-product concentration. Water-holding capacity, bulk density, and aggregate distribution were not changed by soil amendments. Careful management of stover removal (avoiding eroded or erosion prone areas) and selective placement and rates of the by-product will contribute to a sustainable use of corn stover for ethanol production. C1 ARS, USDA, Morris, MN 56267 USA. ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Johnson, JMF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM jjohnson@morris.ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Jane/0000-0002-1687-4007 NR 47 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2004 VL 68 IS 1 BP 139 EP 147 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 767WV UT WOS:000188497600018 ER PT J AU Devine, WD Mullen, MD Tyler, DD Houston, AE Joslin, JD Hodges, DG Tolbert, VR Walsh, ME AF Devine, WD Mullen, MD Tyler, DD Houston, AE Joslin, JD Hodges, DG Tolbert, VR Walsh, ME TI Conversion from a sycamore biomass crop to a no-till corn system: Effects on soils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER; DRY COMBUSTION; NITROGEN; CARBON; DECOMPOSITION; AVAILABILITY; WATER; PLANTATIONS; STORAGE; EROSION AB Agricultural lands may be used to produce short-rotation woody crops (SRWCs) for fuel or fiber, but the effects of SRWCs on soils are poorly understood. In this study, a SRWC was integrated with an annual row crop system in a row crop-SRWC-row crop rotation. The objective was to document the effects of the woody crop on soil total C, N, inorganic N, and aggregate stability after the site was returned to row crop production. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] was followed by 4- and 5-yr rotations of American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.), followed by no-till corn (Zea mays L.) (SY4C and SY5C, respectively). Continuous row crops (soybean converted to corn) served as a control (SBC). Four rates of broadcast NH4NO3 were applied to corn. The study was in southwestern Tennessee on a Memphis-Loring silt loam intergrade (fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Hapludalfs-rine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs). During 3 yr of post-sycamore corn production, increases in soil total C concentration below a 2.5-cm depth were attributed to the sycamore crop. After fertilization of first-year corn at 73 and 146 kg N ha(-1), soil inorganic N concentrations were lower in the SY4C than the SBC system from 0 to 2.5 cm. Mean weight diameter (MWD) of water-stable soil aggregates at depths of 2.5 to 15 cm was greater for the SY4C than the SBC system. Four- and 5-yr sycamore rotations significantly affected chemical and physical properties of an agricultural soil. C1 US Forest Serv, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Agron, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. Univ Tennessee, W Tennessee Expt Stn, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. Univ Tennessee, Grand Junction, TN 38039 USA. Belowground Forest Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Fisheries & Wildlife, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Devine, WD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, PNW Res Stn, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM wdevine@ts.fed.us OI Hodges, Donald/0000-0001-6751-0927 NR 36 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2004 VL 68 IS 1 BP 225 EP 233 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 767WV UT WOS:000188497600028 ER PT J AU Bailey, SW Horsley, SB Long, RP Hallett, RA AF Bailey, SW Horsley, SB Long, RP Hallett, RA TI Influence of edaphic factors on sugar maple nutrition and health on the Allegheny Plateau SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL CALCIUM STATUS; QUEBEC APPALACHIANS; SOUTHEASTERN QUEBEC; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; ACER-SACCHARUM; RED SPRUCE; DECLINE; FOREST; DIEBACK; GROWTH AB Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) decline has been a problem on the Allegheny Plateau for the last two decades. Previous work found that sugar maple is predisposed to decline by poor nutrition and incited to decline by severe insect defoliation. Nutritional diagnoses have been based on foliar chemistry; there is little information on soil attributes that influence susceptibility. We evaluated relationships among soil characteristics, foliar chemistry, and sugar maple decline for 43 stands on the Allegheny Plateau in New York and Pennsylvania using correlation and stepwise regression techniques. Foliar Ca and Mg concentrations correlated with soil exchangeable cations expressed on a concentration or site capital basis. Expression of base cation availability as a saturation value, or in ratio with Al, slightly improved the relationships, suggesting that antagonistic cations are important to sugar maple nutrition. The best predictions of foliar chemistry were made by regressions that considered soil chemistry across the depth of the B horizon, suggesting the importance of looking at more than one depth to assess nutrition. Landscape position and glacial history determined whether weathering products were effectively delivered to the rooting zone, resulting in the observed landscape gradients. All declining stands were on unglaciated upper landscape positions where soils had lower Ca and Mg levels compared with other landscape positions. Declining stands had <2% Ca saturation and <0.5% Mg saturation in the upper B and <4% Ca saturation and <0.6% Mg saturation in the lower B. These thresholds may be useful in predicting susceptibility to sugar maple decline. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Campton, NH 03223 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Irvine, PA 16365 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Bailey, SW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, 234 Mirror Lake Rd, Campton, NH 03223 USA. EM swbailey@fs.fed.us OI Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X NR 47 TC 74 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 8 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2004 VL 68 IS 1 BP 243 EP 252 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 767WV UT WOS:000188497600030 ER PT J AU Dzakuma, JM Risch, E Smith, CO Blackburn, HD AF Dzakuma, JM Risch, E Smith, CO Blackburn, HD TI Level of feed intake on performance of two goat genotypes SO SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Goats CY JUL 04-09, 2004 CL Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA DE Spanish; Tennessee stiff-legged; goats; feed intake; efficiency ID BIOLOGICAL TYPES; GROWTH; EFFICIENCY; WEIGHT; STEERS; CATTLE AB There is a paucity of literature characterizing response to varying levels of feed intake in goats. A controlled experiment was designed at Prairie View A&M University (PVAMU) with purebred goats, to measure feed intake, and its subsequent effects on growth of different goat genotypes when raised intensively. Two goat populations, the Spanish (SP) and the Tennessee Stiff-legged (TS) were fed three levels: 100% or ad libitum, 85% and 70% of ad libitum, of the same ration containing 180 g CP/kg and 65% ME. Daily feed intake, bi-weekly growth weights, orts and faeces were collected until yearling age. Feed intake, in intermediate sized SP (67.7 kg), was equal to that of small sized TS (66.7 kg), at 13 months. Feed efficiency calculated for SP and TS breeds, respectively, from weaning to six months was 0.122 vs. 0.167 kg and from 9 to 13 months was 0.088 vs. 0.104 kg), and differed significantly from each other. This implies that the TS breed was more efficient in converting feed into weight gain compared to the SP breed. Knowledge of the interaction between feed intake, genotype and subsequently, body composition changes will help characterize growth curves in goats. C1 Prairie View A&M Univ, Int Goat Res Ctr, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Natl Ctr Genet Resources, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Dzakuma, JM (reprint author), Prairie View A&M Univ, Int Goat Res Ctr, Box 4079, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. EM jackson_dzakuma@pvamu.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES PI HATFIELD PA C/O ESTIE KOSTER, PO BOX 13884, HATFIELD 0028, SOUTH AFRICA SN 0375-1589 J9 S AFR J ANIM SCI JI South Afr. J. Anim. Sci. PY 2004 VL 34 SU 1 BP 38 EP 41 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 938BN UT WOS:000229975000013 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC AF Bragg, DC TI Composition and structure of a 1930s-era pine-hardwood stand in Arkansas SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID OAK FOREST; DYNAMICS; ECOLOGY; MATURE; AREA AB This paper describes an unmanaged 1930s-era pine-hardwood stand on a minor stream terrace in Ashley County, AR. Probably inventoried as a part of an early growth and yield study, the sample plot was approximately 3.2 ha in size and contained at least 21 tree species. Loblolly pine comprised 39.1% of all stems, followed by willow oak (12.7%), winged elm (9.6%), sweetgum (7.8%), water oak (6.7%), white oak (6.2%), red oak (4.9%), and hickory (4.6%). Pine, sweetgum, and oak dominated the midcanopy and overstory, with few late successional species. Stand basal area averaged 32 m(2)/ha, with 409 live trees/ha. The dominance of shade intolerant species, the lack of very big trees, and a scarcity of snags suggested that this stand was second-growth and likely arose from a disturbance in the mid-19(th) Century. Because this forest was sampled in the 1930s, its composition and structure should better reflect mature presettlement pine-hardwoods on minor stream terrace sites than modern examples. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, POB 3516, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. EM dbragg@fs.fed.us NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2004 VL 3 IS 2 BP 327 EP 344 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2004)003[0327:CASOAS]2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 839SA UT WOS:000222804000013 ER PT J AU Hazler, KR Drumtra, DEW Marshall, MR Cooper, RJ Hamel, PB AF Hazler, KR Drumtra, DEW Marshall, MR Cooper, RJ Hamel, PB TI Common, but commonly overlooked: Red-bellied woodpeckers as songbird nest predators SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID SUCCESS; HYPOTHESIS; SELECTION; BIRDS AB Woodpeckers in North America are not widely recognized as nest predators. In this paper, we describe several eyewitness accounts of songbird nest predation by Red-bellied Woodpeckers (Melanerpes carolinus), document evidence that songbirds recognize woodpeckers as nest predators, and show that our observations are consistent with previously published notes. We believe that this species, commonly overlooked, may be an important predator of songbird nests in many eastern North American forests. C1 Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Penn State Univ, Natl Pk Serv, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Hazler, KR (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM krh5938@forestry.uga.edu NR 22 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2004 VL 3 IS 3 BP 467 EP 474 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2004)003[0467:CBCORW]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 858XU UT WOS:000224226800008 ER PT J AU Campbell, TA Laseter, BR Ford, WM Miller, KV AF Campbell, TA Laseter, BR Ford, WM Miller, KV TI Topographic home ranges of white-tailed deer in the central Appalachians SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID MOVEMENTS AB Planimetric comparisons of home range sizes of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann) from across their range may not be appropriate due to regional differences in topography. We compare seasonal topographic diversity between male and female white-tailed deer home ranges in the central Appalachians using percent increase from planimetric to topographic areas as a measure. Mean percent increase in home range size for all deer-seasons combined was 3.1 (range = 1.3-6.4). No differences in percent increase in home range areas occurred between sexes or among seasons. The relatively low percent increase in home range area and lack of variation between sexes and among seasons validates the common practice of comparing planimetric home range sizes from different geographic areas. C1 Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Campbell, TA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM tcampbell@smokey.forestry.uga.edu NR 23 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2004 VL 3 IS 4 BP 645 EP 652 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2004)003[0645:THROWD]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 888FB UT WOS:000226358500007 ER PT J AU Leberg, PL Carloss, MR Dugas, LJ Pilgrim, KL Mills, LS Green, MC Scognamillo, D AF Leberg, PL Carloss, MR Dugas, LJ Pilgrim, KL Mills, LS Green, MC Scognamillo, D TI Recent record of a cougar (Puma concolor) in Louisiana, with notes on diet, based on analysis of fecal materials SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID FLORIDA; PANTHERS AB We report a sighting. supported by DNA evidence from a scat, of a cougar (Puma concolor) in southeastern Louisiana. The 16S-rRNA Genotype obtained from mtDNA is one that is common throughout North America, making it difficult to determine the origin of the individual. Based on DNA and hair scale analysis, the scat contained the partially digested remains of a dog (Canis familiaris) and an eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), indicating that the individual was successfully foraging on locally occurring prey. C1 Univ Louisiana, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70503 USA. USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. Lake Foisse Pointe State Pk, Martinville, LA 70582 USA. Univ Montana, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Genet Lab, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Leberg, PL (reprint author), Univ Louisiana, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70503 USA. EM Lebera@Louisiania.edu RI Mills, L. Scott/K-2458-2012; Green, Michael/A-2902-2013 OI Mills, L. Scott/0000-0001-8771-509X; NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 22 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2004 VL 3 IS 4 BP 653 EP 658 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2004)003[0653:RROACP]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 888FB UT WOS:000226358500008 ER PT J AU Dornak, LL Burt, DB Coble, DW Conner, RN AF Dornak, LL Burt, DB Coble, DW Conner, RN TI Relationships between habitat and snag characteristics and the reproductive success of the Brown-headed Nuthatch (Sitta pusilla) in eastern Texas SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID ECOLOGY AB Habitat use and reproductive success of the Brown-headed Nuthatch (Sitta pusilla Latham) were studied in East Texas during the 2001-2002 breeding seasons. We compared nest cavity selection at used and randomly selected non-used areas. Height of nest trees, midstory density, and percent leaf litter were negatively correlated with nest site selection. Brown-headed Nuthatches 19 showed a strong preference for short snags: yet placed their nest cavity entrances near the top of the snags. While nuthatches may be selecting for habitats with little or no midstory density, percent of leaf litter in the nest sites is most likely the consequence of frequent burning. No significant differences among habitat variables and snag characteristics were found between successful and failed nest cavities. Additionally, no habitat variables were correlated with the number of chicks fledged per nest. Predation was the major cause of nest failure in this study. C1 Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Biol, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. Stephen F Austin State Univ, Arthur Temple Coll Forestry, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Nacogdoches, TX 75961 USA. RP Burt, DB (reprint author), Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Biol, POB 13003, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. EM dbburt@sfasu.edu NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2004 VL 3 IS 4 BP 683 EP 694 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2004)003[0683:RBHASC]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 888FB UT WOS:000226358500011 ER PT J AU Greenberg, CH Miller, S AF Greenberg, CH Miller, S TI Soricid response to canopy gaps created by wind disturbance in the southern Appalachians SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; SMALL MAMMAL COMMUNITY; PINE FOREST; POPULATION; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS; LANDSCAPE; HABITATS; REMOVAL; SHREWS AB We used drift fences with pitfall traps to compare soricid abundance, richness, and demographic parameters among intact multiple-tree windthrow gaps, salvaged gaps. and mature forest in a xeric southern Appalachian forest type during 1997-1999. We also tested whether capture rates were correlated with rainfall, and whether similar-sized species did not co-occur as predicted by multi-species assemblage rules. We captured six species: Blaring brevicauda (Say) (northern short-tailed shrew), Cryptotis parva (Say) (least shrew), Sorex cinereus Kerr (masked shrew), S. fumeus GAL Miller (smoky shrew), S. hoyi Baird (pygmy shrew), and S. longirostris Bachman (southeastern shrew). Tree basal area, forest structural features. and arthropod abundance differed among treatments, but species richness and abundance of most shrews did not. Captures during June-October were higher in 1998 than in 1997, although 1998 summer rainfall was low. Rainfall was correlated with shrew activity, but explained little of the variability in capture rates (r(2) = 0.05). The sex ratio within each species was similar among gap treatments and controls, but differed from 1:1 for S. hoyi, S. longirostris, and S. fumeus. The soricid assemblage did not conform to multi-species assemblage rules; three small-bodied species co-occurred in similar numbers at all study sites. Our results suggest that forest management that mimics conditions created by multiple windthrows in xeric forest of the southern Appalachians is unlikely to affect shrew communities adversely, at least in the short-term. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Bent Creek Expt Forest, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Bob & Betsy Campbell Museum Nat Hist, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. RP Greenberg, CH (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Bent Creek Expt Forest, 1577 Brevard Blvd, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. EM kgreenberg@fs.fed.us NR 41 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2004 VL 3 IS 4 BP 715 EP 732 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2004)003[0715:SRTCGC]2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 888FB UT WOS:000226358500014 ER PT S AU Rabin, BM Joseph, JA Shukitt-Hale, B AF Rabin, BM Joseph, JA Shukitt-Hale, B BE Horneck, G LevasseurRegourd, AC Rabin, BM Slenzka, KB TI Heavy particle irradiation, neurochemistry and behavior: thresholds, dose-response curves and recovery of function SO SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: SEARCH FOR SIGNATURES OF LIFE, AND SPACE FLIGHT ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON THE NERVOUS SYSTEM SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd World Space Congress/34th COSPAR Scientific Assembly CY OCT 10-19, 2002 CL HOUSTON, TX SP Comm Space Res DE heavy particle irradiation; neurochemistry and behavior; thresholds; dose-response curves; recovery of function ID RATS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE; RADIATION; DEFICITS; SPACE; TOXICITY; PROTONS AB Exposure to heavy particles can affect the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS), particularly the dopaminergic system. In turn, the radiation-induced disruption of dopaminergic function affects a variety of behaviors that are dependent upon the integrity of this system, including motor behavior (upper body strength), amphetamine (dopamine)-mediated taste aversion learning, and operant conditioning (fixed-ratio bar pressing). Although the relationships between heavy particle irradiation and the effects of exposure depend, to some extent, upon the specific behavioral or neurochemical endpoint under consideration, a review of the available research leads to the hypothesis that the endpoints mediated by the CNS have certain characteristics in common. These include: (1) a threshold, below which there is no apparent effect; (2) the lack of a dose-response relationship, or an extremely steep dose-response curve, depending on the particular endpoint; and (3) the absence of recovery of function, such that the heavy particle-induced behavioral and neural changes are present when tested up to one year following exposure. The current report reviews the data relevant to the degree to which these characteristics are common to neurochemical and behavioral endpoints that are mediated by the effects of exposure to heavy particles on CNS activity. (C) 2004 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Psychol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Rabin, BM (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Psychol, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM rabin@umbc.edu; rabin@umbc.edu NR 17 TC 22 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI KIDLINGTON PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE,, KIDLINGTON OX5 1GB, OXFORD, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 2004 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1330 EP 1333 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2003.09.051 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BAF41 UT WOS:000222000200019 PM 15803623 ER PT S AU Shukitt-Hale, B Szprengiel, A Pluhar, J Rabin, BM Joseph, JA AF Shukitt-Hale, B Szprengiel, A Pluhar, J Rabin, BM Joseph, JA BE Horneck, G LevasseurRegourd, AC Rabin, BM Slenzka, KB TI The effects of proton exposure on neurochemistry and behavior SO SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: SEARCH FOR SIGNATURES OF LIFE, AND SPACE FLIGHT ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON THE NERVOUS SYSTEM SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH-SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd World Space Congress/34th COSPAR Scientific Assembly CY OCT 10-19, 2002 CL HOUSTON, TX SP Comm Space Res DE neurochemistry; behavior; proton exposure; radiation; spatial learning; memory ID HEAVY-PARTICLE IRRADIATION; RADIATION; RATS; DEFICITS; SPACE; MODEL AB Future space missions will involve long-term travel beyond the magnetic field of the Earth, where astronauts will be exposed to radiation hazards such as those that arise from galactic cosmic rays. Galactic cosmic rays are composed of protons, alpha particles, and particles of high energy and charge (HZE particles). Research by our group has shown that exposure to HZE particles, primarily 600 MeV/n and 1 GeV/n Fe-56, can produce significant alterations in brain neurochemistry and behavior. However, given that protons can make up a significant portion of the radiation spectrum, it is important to study their effects on neural functioning and on related performance. Therefore, these studies examined the effects of exposure to proton irradiation on neurochemical and behavioral endpoints, including dopaminergic functioning, amphetamine-induced conditioned taste aversion learning, and spatial learning and memory as measured by the Morris water maze. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received a dose of 0, 1.5, 3.0 or 4.0 Gy of 250 MeV protons at Loma Linda University and were tested in the different behavioral tests at various times following exposure. Results showed that there was no effect of proton irradiation at any dose on any of the endpoints measured. Therefore, there is a contrast between the insignificant effects of high dose proton exposure and the dramatic effectiveness of low dose (<0.1 Gy) exposures to Fe-56 particles on both neurochemical and behavioral endpoints. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of COSPAR. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. UMBC, Dept Psychol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Tufts Univ, USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM barbara.hale@tufts.edu NR 20 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI KIDLINGTON PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE,, KIDLINGTON OX5 1GB, OXFORD, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 J9 ADV SPACE RES-SERIES PY 2004 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1334 EP 1339 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2003.10.38 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BAF41 UT WOS:000222000200020 PM 15803624 ER PT S AU Casadesus, G Shukitt-Hale, B Cantuti-Castelvetri, I Rabin, BM Joseph, JA AF Casadesus, G Shukitt-Hale, B Cantuti-Castelvetri, I Rabin, BM Joseph, JA BE Horneck, G LevasseurRegourd, AC Rabin, BM Slenzka, KB TI The effects of heavy particle irradiation on exploration and response to environmental change SO SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: SEARCH FOR SIGNATURES OF LIFE, AND SPACE FLIGHT ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON THE NERVOUS SYSTEM SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd World Space Congress/34th COSPAR Scientific Assembly CY OCT 10-19, 2002 CL HOUSTON, TX SP Comm Space Res DE free radicals; irradiation; spatial memory; aging; exploratory behavior ID ELEVATED PLUS-MAZE; OBJECT EXPLORATION; PARIETAL CORTEX; RATS; EXPOSURE; RADIATION; AGE; DEFICITS; PERFORMANCE; NOVELTY AB (F)ree radicals produced by exposure to heavy particles have been found to produce motor and cognitive behavioral toxicity effects in rats similar to those found during aging. The present research was designed to investigate the effects of exposure to Fe-56 particles on the ability of male Sprague-Dawley rats to detect novel arrangements in a given environment. Using a test of spatial memory previously demonstrated to be sensitive to aging, open field activity and reaction to spatial and non-spatial changes were measured in a group that received a dose of 1.5 Gy (n = 10) of Fe-56 heavy particle radiation or in non-radiated controls (n = 10). Animals irradiated with 1.5 Gy of Fe-56 particles exhibited some age-like effects in rats tested, even though they were, for the most part, subtle. Animals took longer to enter, visited less and spent significantly less time in the middle and the center portions of the open field, independently of total frequency and duration of activity of both groups. Likewise, irradiated subjects spend significantly more time exploring novel objects placed in the open field than did controls. However, irradiated subjects did not vary from controls in their exploration patterns when objects in the open field were spatially rearranged. Thus, irradiation with a dose of 1.5 Gy of Fe-56 high-energy particle radiation elicited age-like effects in general open field exploratory behavior, but did not elicit age-like effects during the spatial and non-spatial rearrangement tasks. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of COSPAR. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. UMBC, Dept Psychol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Joseph, JA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM james.joseph@tufts.edu NR 35 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI KIDLINGTON PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE,, KIDLINGTON OX5 1GB, OXFORD, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 2004 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1340 EP 1346 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2003.12.011 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BAF41 UT WOS:000222000200021 PM 15803625 ER PT J AU Kim, S Willett, JL AF Kim, S Willett, JL TI Isolation of amylose from starch solutions by phase separation SO STARCH-STARKE LA English DT Article DE amylose; isolation; phase separation; phase diagram ID POLYMER MIXTURES; SHEAR-FLOW; FRACTIONATION; PURIFICATION; AMYLOPECTIN AB Conventionally, fractionation of the two components of starches, amylopectin and amylose had been achieved by aqueous dispersion or aqueous leaching of granules, and selective retrogradation or alcohol precipitation of amylose. Recently, we found that starch solutions show the same phase behavior as the pseudo-binary system polystyrene/poly(butadiene) in dioctylphthalate solution. By choosing proper temperature, concentration, and solvent medium, vertical phase separation could be induced in starch solutions. In this article, we show that construction of the phase diagram of the two components of starch solutions provides us with a new simple method for isolating amylose from starch solutions. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Willett, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM WILLETJL@ncaur.usda.gov NR 19 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0038-9056 J9 STARCH-STARKE JI Starch-Starke PD JAN PY 2004 VL 56 IS 1 BP 29 EP 36 DI 10.1002/star.200200161 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 770AH UT WOS:000188700400005 ER PT J AU Gadbury, GL Page, GP Edwards, J Kayo, T Prolla, TA Weindruch, R Permana, PA Mountz, JD Allison, DB AF Gadbury, GL Page, GP Edwards, J Kayo, T Prolla, TA Weindruch, R Permana, PA Mountz, JD Allison, DB TI Power and sample size estimation in high dimensional biology SO STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION; MICROARRAY DATA; STATISTICAL-INFERENCE; DNA MICROARRAY; MODEL; FRAMEWORK; TESTS AB Genomic scientists often test thousands of hypotheses in a single experiment. One example is a microarray experiment that seeks to determine differential gene expression among experimental groups. Planning such experiments involves a determination of sample size that will allow meaningful interpretations. Traditional power analysis methods may not be well suited to this task when thousands of hypotheses are tested in a discovery oriented basic research. We introduce the concept of expected discovery rate (EDR) and an approach that combines parametric mixture modelling with parametric bootstrapping to estimate the sample size needed for a desired accuracy of results. While the examples included are derived from microarray studies, the methods, herein, are 'extraparadigmatic' in the approach to study design and are applicable to most high dimensional biological situations. Pilot data from three different microarray experiments are used to extrapolate EDR as well as the related false discovery rate at different sample sizes and thresholds. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Sect Stat Genet, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Math & Stat, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Reg Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Genet & Med Genet, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton VA Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Madison, WI USA. NIDDKD, Phoenix Epidemiol & Clin Res Branch, NIH, Phoenix, AZ USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham Vet Adm Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Clin Nutr Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Allison, DB (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Sect Stat Genet, 1665 Univ Ave,Ryals Publ Hlth Bldg,Suite 327, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM dallison@ms.soph.uab.edu OI Allison, David/0000-0003-3566-9399 NR 32 TC 44 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 5 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0962-2802 J9 STAT METHODS MED RES JI Stat. Methods Med. Res. PY 2004 VL 13 IS 4 BP 325 EP 338 DI 10.1191/0962280204sm369ra PG 14 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics; Statistics & Probability SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics; Mathematics GA 844YR UT WOS:000223201100005 ER PT S AU Brown-Borg, HM Rakoczy, SG Uthus, EO AF Brown-Borg, HM Rakoczy, SG Uthus, EO BE DeGrey, ADN TI Growth hormone alters components of the glutathione metabolic pathway in Ames dwarf mice SO STRATEGIES FOR ENGINEERED NEGLIGIBLE SENESCENCE: WHY GENUINE CONTROL OF AGING MAY BE FORESEEABLE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Congress of the International-Association-of-Biomedical-Gerontology CY SEP 19-23, 2003 CL Cambridge, ENGLAND SP Int Assoc Biomed Gerontol DE insulin-like growth factor; Ames dwarf mice; signaling AB Reduced signaling of the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)/insulin pathway is associated with extended life span in several species. Ames dwarf mice are GH and IGF-1 deficient and live 50-64% longer than wild-type littermates (males and females, respectively). Previously, we have shown that Ames mice exhibit elevated levels of antioxidative enzymes and lower oxidative damage. To further explore the relationship between GH and antioxidant expression, we administered GH or saline to dwarf mice and evaluated components of the glutathione (GSH) synthesis and degradation system. Growth hormone treatment significantly elevated kidney gammaglutamyl-cysteine synthetase protein levels in 3- and 12-month-old dwarf mice. In contrast, the activity of the GSH degradation enzyme, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, was suppressed by GH administration in brain (P < .05), kidney (P < .01), heart (P < .005), and liver (P < .06). Activity levels of the detoxification enzyme, glutathione-S-transferase, were also suppressed in kidney tissues at 3 and 12 months of age and in 12-month-old dwarf liver tissues (P < .05). Taken together, the current results along with data from previous studies support a role for growth hormone in the regulation of antioxidative defense and, ultimately, life span in organisms with altered GH or IGF-1 signaling. C1 Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol Physiol & Therapeut, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. RP Brown-Borg, HM (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol Physiol & Therapeut, 501 N Columbia Rd, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM brownbrg@medicine.nodak.edu NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-496-X J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2004 VL 1019 BP 317 EP 320 DI 10.1196/annals.1297.053 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BAN77 UT WOS:000223002700053 PM 15247035 ER PT S AU Ji, LL Peterson, DM AF Ji, LL Peterson, DM BE DeGrey, ADN TI Aging, exercise, and phytochemicals - Promises and pitfalls SO STRATEGIES FOR ENGINEERED NEGLIGIBLE SENESCENCE: WHY GENUINE CONTROL OF AGING MAY BE FORESEEABLE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Congress of the International-Association-of-Biomedical-Gerontology CY SEP 19-23, 2003 CL Cambridge, ENGLAND SP Int Assoc Biomed Gerontol DE aging; antioxidant; exercise; oxidative stress; phytochemical; free radical ID FREE-RADICAL GENERATION; PANAX-GINSENG; IN-VITRO; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; AVENANTHRAMIDES; EXTRACT; RATS AB Phytochemicals are emerging comprehensive and versatile sources of antioxidants to be consumed to enhance the body's defenses against harmful reactive oxygen species generated endogenously or exogenously. Tocols, favonoids, and phenolic acids compose the majority of this class of antioxidants, although more complex compounds may also be involved, such as ginsenosides. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated convincingly that dietary supplementation of phytochemicals has beneficial effects against certain types of pathogenesis, disease, cancer, and aging. There is evidence that these effects are related to the ability of phytochemicals to promote the antioxidant defense system and reduce oxidative stress and damage in the cell. However, due to their structural and chemical diversity and complexity, many of the benefits as well as potential adverse effects remain to be examined. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Kinesiol & Nutrit Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Ji, LL (reprint author), 2000 Observ Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM ji@education.wisc.edu NR 37 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-496-X J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2004 VL 1019 BP 453 EP 461 DI 10.1196/annals.1297.083 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BAN77 UT WOS:000223002700083 PM 15247065 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Moreno, C Dashe, JF Scott, T Thaler, D Folstein, MF Martin, A AF Sanchez-Moreno, C Dashe, JF Scott, T Thaler, D Folstein, MF Martin, A TI Decreased levels of plasma vitamin C and increased concentrations of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers after stroke SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE antioxidants; C-reactive protein; inflammation; oxidative stress; stroke ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; REACTIVE PROTEIN; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; ISCHEMIC-STROKE; IN-VIVO; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; HIGH-SENSITIVITY; RISK; ANTIOXIDANTS AB Background and Purpose-Inflammatory response is a critical component of the complex pathophysiological response to stroke. Vitamin C has been shown to have important roles in cell performance and vascular function. In this study, we compared the nutritional status and levels of inflammatory markers between stroke cases and controls and assessed which antioxidant was associated with levels of inflammatory markers and oxidative stress among cases and controls. Methods-We evaluated the nutritional status and measured plasma levels of vitamins C and E, uric acid, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), prostaglandins PGE2 and PGI2, and 8-isoprostanes (8-epiPGF(2alpha)) for 15 patients with ischemic stroke within 2 to 5 days after stroke onset and for 24 control subjects. Results-Stroke patients had significantly lower plasma levels of vitamin C than did controls. Among stroke patients, CRP was significantly elevated, as were the ICAM-1, MCP-1, and 8-epiPGF(2alpha), but the prostaglandins PGE2 and PGI2 were significantly reduced. Interestingly, vitamin C concentration was significantly inversely correlated with the levels of CRP and 8-epiPGF(2alpha) among stroke patients, and 8-epiPGF(2alpha) was significantly associated with the levels of CRP. Uric acid was also elevated among stroke patients. Conclusions-Lower vitamin C concentration, higher serum levels of inflammatory (CRP, ICAM-1, MCP-1) and oxidative stress (8-epiPGF(2alpha)) markers, and lower PGI2 and PGE2 concentrations among stroke patients indicate the presence of an inflammatory response associated with stroke. C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRC Aging, Nutr & Neurocognit Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Tufts Med Sch, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Martin, A (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRC Aging, Nutr & Neurocognit Lab, 711 Washington St,7th Floor, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI Sanchez-Moreno, Concepcion/N-6798-2013 OI Sanchez-Moreno, Concepcion/0000-0002-2341-9328 NR 45 TC 102 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD JAN PY 2004 VL 35 IS 1 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1161/01.STR.0000105391.6230.2E PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 758JH UT WOS:000187630500035 PM 14671251 ER PT J AU Bischoff, JF White, JF AF Bischoff, JF White, JF TI Torrubiella piperis sp nov (Clavicipitaceae, Hypocreales), a new teleomorph of the Lecanicillium complex SO STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Barro Colorado Island; Coccoidea; Cordyceps; Lecanicillium; Piperaceae; scale insect; Verticillium ID VERTICILLIUM SECTION PROSTRATA; REVISION; GENUS; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCES; MODEL AB Recent publications have distinguished clavicipitaceous Verticillium sensu lato anamorphs into six genera. One genus, Lecanicillium, includes the majority of these taxa, including the anamorphs of Cordyceps militaris and Torrubiella confragosa. Torrubiella confragosa has been linked to Lecanicillium lecanii (= Verticillium lecanii). During a recent collection trip to Panama a Torrubiella sp. that produced a Verticillium-like anamorph was found on the corpses of scale insects attached to Piperaceae. It could be distinguished from Torrubiella confragosa based on presence of a true stroma, immersed perithecia, conidial size (3-5 x 1-2 mu m), and phialide size (10-30 x 1-2 mu m). Thus we describe this new collection as Torrubiella piperis sp. nov. In addition, based on the morphological observations and phylogentic analyses using partial LSU rDNA data we determined it to belong to the Lecanicillium group (100 % posterior probability). C1 Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USDA ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Cook Coll, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Bischoff, JF (reprint author), Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, NIH, 45 Ctr Dr,MSC 6510,Room 6AN 32D-21, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM bischoff@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov RI White, James/C-2280-2009 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTRAALBUREAU SCHIMMELCULTURE PI BAARN PA PO BOX 273, 3740 AG BAARN, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0616 J9 STUD MYCOL JI Stud. Mycol. PY 2004 IS 50 SI SI BP 89 EP 94 PN 1 PG 6 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 915JK UT WOS:000228300300011 ER PT J AU Fell, JW Statzell-Tallman, A Kurtzman, CP AF Fell, JW Statzell-Tallman, A Kurtzman, CP TI Lachancea meyersii sp nov., an ascosporogenous yeast from mangrove regions in the Bahama Islands SO STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lachancea meyersii Fell; Statzell-Tallman & Kurtzman sp nov. ID SACCHAROMYCES AB Lachancea meyersii sp. nov. (type strain NRRL Y-27269, CBS 8951, ML 3925) is described from 18 strains collected from mangrove habitats in the northern Bahamas Islands. This species is homothallic, forms spherical ascospores in asci that become deliquescent, and is delineated from other ascomycetous yeasts by sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit ribosomal DNA. The species can be distinguished from other members of the genus Lachancea by the combined characteristics of lack of growth on galactose and by growth on maltose. This new species is named in honor of Professor Samuel P. Meyers in recognition of his pioneering research with marine fungi. C1 Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Key Biscayne, FL USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Fell, JW (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Key Biscayne, FL USA. EM jfell@rsmas.miami.edu NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTRAALBUREAU SCHIMMELCULTURE PI BAARN PA PO BOX 273, 3740 AG BAARN, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0616 J9 STUD MYCOL JI Stud. Mycol. PY 2004 IS 50 SI SI BP 359 EP 363 PN 2 PG 5 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 915JL UT WOS:000228300400008 ER PT J AU Kurtzman, CP Statzell-Tallman, A Fell, JW AF Kurtzman, CP Statzell-Tallman, A Fell, JW TI Tetrapisispora fleetii sp nov., a new member of the Saccharomycetaceae SO STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE molecular systematics; new yeast species; Tetrapisispora fleetii ID YEASTS; KLUYVEROMYCES AB A new yeast species, Tetrapisispora fleetii (ex-type strain NRRL Y-27350, CBS 8957, ML 4554), is proposed based on an isolate from a food-processing plant in Georgia, U.S.A. Genus assignment and distinction from recognized species is based on phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences from ITS and domains D1/D2 of the large subunit (26S) rDNA. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Key Biscayne, FL USA. RP Kurtzman, CP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kurtzman@ncaur.usda.gov NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTRAALBUREAU SCHIMMELCULTURE PI BAARN PA PO BOX 273, 3740 AG BAARN, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0616 J9 STUD MYCOL JI Stud. Mycol. PY 2004 IS 50 SI SI BP 397 EP 400 PN 2 PG 4 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 915JL UT WOS:000228300400012 ER PT J AU Druzhinina, IS Chaverri, P Fallah, P Kubicek, CP Samuels, GJ AF Druzhinina, IS Chaverri, P Fallah, P Kubicek, CP Samuels, GJ TI Hypocrea flaviconidia, a new species from Costa Rica with yellow conidia SO STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hypocreales; Hypocreaceae; Trichoderma; systematics; trees ID PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; TRICHODERMA AB The new species Hypocrea flaviconidia and its Pachybasium-like Trichoderma anamorph are described based on collections from the Southern region of Costa Rica. This species is distinguished by its yellow conidia, a character that is rare and unusual in Hypocrea/Trichoderma. The phylogenetic relationship of H. flaviconidia to other species of Hypocrea/Trichoderma is explored based on ITS1 and 2 regions of rDNA, tef1 and ech42 gene genealogies. Phylogenetic analyses show that H. flaviconidia belongs in Trichoderma sect. Trichoderma, where it forms a sister group to a clade that includes T. hamatum and T pubescens. A key to species of Hypocrea with known anamorphs with yellow conidia is presented. C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. TU Wien, Inst Chem Engn, Res Area Gene Technol & Appl Biochem, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Buckhout Lab 301, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Samuels, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Rm 304,B011A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gary@nt.ars-grin.gov OI Chaverri, Priscila/0000-0002-8486-6033 NR 14 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTRAALBUREAU SCHIMMELCULTURE PI BAARN PA PO BOX 273, 3740 AG BAARN, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0616 J9 STUD MYCOL JI Stud. Mycol. PY 2004 IS 50 SI SI BP 401 EP 407 PN 2 PG 7 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 915JL UT WOS:000228300400013 ER EF