FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Schlemmer, MR Francis, DD Shanahan, JF Schepers, JS AF Schlemmer, MR Francis, DD Shanahan, JF Schepers, JS TI Remotely measuring chlorophyll content in corn leaves with differing nitrogen levels and relative water content SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID REFLECTANCE MEASUREMENTS; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; FLUORESCENCE; INDEXES; METER; LEAF AB Measuring a crop's physiological parameters provides information for interpreting its response to the environment. Remote sensing is quickly becoming recognized as a valuable tool that has the potential to assess a wide variety of physiological properties over a large area in a short amount of time. This study examined the relationship of corn (Zea mays L.) leaf spectral response to its chlorophyll content and relative water content. The effects of N stress and water stress were examined on each of these physiological parameters. Over the years, several spectral indices have been introduced for a wide variety of applications. A number of these indices were evaluated for their ability to predict the parameters in question. The normalized difference between the first derivatives at 525 and 570 too, as well as the wavelength location of the red edge, showed a strong association with chlorophyll content (r(2) = 0.81 and 0.80, respectively). Even stronger relationships to chlorophyll content were observed with the ratios of 600/680 nm (r(2) = 0.83) and 630/680 nm (r(2) - 0.83). Thus, our results suggest that spectral reflectance measurements hold promise for the assessment of some physiological parameters at the leaf level. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of such techniques at the canopy level. C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Schlemmer, MR (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 119 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM mschlemmer1@uni.edu OI Shanahan, John/0000-0003-3173-4245 NR 17 TC 78 Z9 91 U1 5 U2 29 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 97 IS 1 BP 106 EP 112 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 894IB UT WOS:000226783300015 ER PT J AU Gillen, RL Berg, WA AF Gillen, RL Berg, WA TI Response of perennial cool-season grasses to clipping in the Southern Plains SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WHEATGRASS YIELD; EASTERN MONTANA; DIGESTIBILITY; QUALITY; GROWTH; RANGE AB Many forage-livestock systems in the Southern Plains depend on the use of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.) to support rapid gains of growing beef cattle (Bos taurus L.) from November through May. Complementing these annuals with cool-season perennial grasses could reduce inputs and soil erosion, but these perennial grasses have not been extensively tested under dryland conditions in this region. We determined the production potential and response to clipping of four Triticeae grasses under dryland conditions on a Grandfield fine sandy loam (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Haplustalf). 'Barton' western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Love], 'Luna' intermediate wheatgrass [Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski subsp. intermedia 1, 'Jose' tall wheatgrass [Elytrigia elongata (Host) Nevski], and 'Bozoisky-Select' Russian wildrye [Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski] were harvested at either 10 or 15 cm at 30-, 45-, or 60-d intervals. Forage production was different among species in only 1 of 3 yr. Despite above-average winter and spring precipitation, production declined for all grasses over years, averaging 2270, 1860, and 880 kg ha(-1) in 1998, 1999, and 2000, respectively. There were no consistent differences in crude protein or in vitro digestible dry matter concentrations among the wheatgrasses. Crude protein concentration was higher for Russian wildrye in April and June but higher for the wheatgrasses in May. In vitro digestible dry matter was lower for Russian wildrye in May compared with the wheatgrasses. Warm-season grasses invaded all plots over years. Western wheatgrass was most resistant to invasion. Intermediate and tall wheatgrasses were not adapted to the conditions of this study, and any further research should focus on western wheatgrass or Russian wildrye. C1 USDA ARS, So Plains Range Res Stn, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. RP Gillen, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Range Res Stn, 2000 18th St, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. EM bgillen@spa.ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 97 IS 1 BP 125 EP 130 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 894IB UT WOS:000226783300018 ER PT J AU Adamsen, FJ Wechsung, G Wechsung, F Wall, GW Kimball, BA Pinter, PJ LaMorte, RL Garcia, RL Hunsaker, DJ Leavitt, SW AF Adamsen, FJ Wechsung, G Wechsung, F Wall, GW Kimball, BA Pinter, PJ LaMorte, RL Garcia, RL Hunsaker, DJ Leavitt, SW TI Temporal changes in soil and biomass nitrogen for irrigated wheat grown under free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CO2 ENRICHMENT; ELEVATED CO2; WINTER-WHEAT; ROOT-GROWTH; WATER-USE; RESPONSES; COTTON; YIELD; ENVIRONMENT; TEMPERATURE AB Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations are expected to increase plant production and demand for N and other nutrients. The objectives of this investigation were to characterize and quantify the temporal trends in soil mineral N and aboveground biomass N during the growing season of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with adequate N, ambient and elevated CO2, and two levels of water stress. The free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) technique was used to enrich the air from 370 to 550 mumol mol(-1) CO2. Spring wheat was planted in late December of 1992 and 1993 and harvested at the end of May. Each main plot (CO2 level) was split into two irrigation treatments to replace 100 and 50% of the potential evapotranspiration. Soil and plant samples were taken for N analysis six times each year. Elevated CO2 lowered soil mineral N concentrations in the top 0.3 m of soil as much as 40% and increased aboveground biomass N by as much as 16% compared with the ambient treatment. Before anthesis, irrigation level had little effect on either soil mineral N or aboveground biomass N, but at harvest in 1992-1993 and at dough stage in 1993-1994 deficit-irrigated plots had higher soil mineral N (p < 0.05) and lower aboveground biomass N than plots that received adequate irrigation. There was little variation in the concentrations of N in the aboveground biomass among treatments within a sampling date. The data suggest elevated CO2 may lead to rapid N uptake, which could result in increased early vegetative growth. C1 USDA ARS, US Water Conservat Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. Humboldt Univ, Dept Soil Sci, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Nat Syst Dep, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany. LI COR, Lincoln, NE 68504 USA. Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Adamsen, FJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Water Conservat Lab, 4331 E Broadway Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. EM fadamsen@uswcl.ars.ag.gov NR 36 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 97 IS 1 BP 160 EP 168 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 894IB UT WOS:000226783300024 ER PT J AU Edwards, JT Purcell, LC Vories, ED AF Edwards, JT Purcell, LC Vories, ED TI Light interception and yield potential of short-season maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in the midsouth SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-USE EFFICIENCY; PLANT-POPULATION; GRAIN-YIELD; CORN-BELT; WATER-USE; CROP; MATURITY; DROUGHT; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; DENSITIES AB The midsouthern USA typically has a mid- to late-summer drought that limits the productivity of nonirrigated maize (Zea mays L.) production. We hypothesized that by increasing seeded population and narrowing row spacing, short-season maize hybrids in the Midsouth would have similar yield but require less irrigation compared with hybrids currently grown. Irrigated experiments were conducted at Fayetteville, AR, in 2001, 2002, and 2003 and at Keiser, AR, in 2002 and 2003. Factors evaluated included maize maturity (75- to 110-d maize hybrids) and maize seeded population (5 to 20 seed M-2) Sown in 50-cm rows. Between emergence and black layer, short-season maize hybrids required 30 to 50% less irrigation than did their full-season counterparts. Yield of short-season maize at high plant populations ( 19 plants M-2) was equal to that of full-season hybrids, which reached maximum yield at lower plant populations (4 plants M-2). Maize biomass at maturity had a linear relationship with cumulative intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (CIPAR) from emergence to maturity, but maize yield had an asymptotic relationship with CIPAR with little increase in yield for CIPAR above 555 MJ m(-2). This research indicates that increasing plant population for short-season maize hybrids increased CIPAR, which compensated for a short growing season to achieve similar potential yield to full-season hybrids in the Midsouth with substantially less irrigation. C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environ Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USDA ARS, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. RP Purcell, LC (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environ Sci, 1366 W Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. EM lpurcell@uark.edu NR 31 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 5 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 97 IS 1 BP 225 EP 234 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 894IB UT WOS:000226783300031 ER PT J AU Bednarz, CW Shurley, WD Anthony, WS Nichols, RL AF Bednarz, CW Shurley, WD Anthony, WS Nichols, RL TI Yield, quality, and profitability of cotton produced at varying plant densities SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POPULATION; PATTERNS; SPACINGS AB Modifying fruit distribution through varying plant density may impact cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber quality. This study was conducted to determine how lint yield, fiber quality, and profitability of cotton may be manipulated through plant density. Two cotton cultivars were overseeded and hand-thinned to 3.6, 9.0, 12.6, and 21.5 plants m(-2) at two University of Georgia experiment stations in 2001 and 2002. After the studies were machine-harvested each year, the seed cotton was shipped to the USDA-ARS Cotton Ginning Research Unit in Stoneville, MS, for ginning. While ginning, six lint samples were collected per plot and delivered to Cotton Incorporated (Cary, NC) for fiber quality analyses. Net returns were then calculated from yield, quality, and seed cost data. Lint yields were greatest at 12.6 plants m(-2) and lowest at 3.6 plants M-2. Of the fiber properties investigated, micronaire and fineness were most affected by plant density. In addition, quality adjustments in price were greatest for micronaire. Thus, avoidance of price discounts for high-micronaire fiber may occur through adjustments in seeding rate and plant density. Net returns above seed costs were greatest at 12.6 plants M-2 for both cultivars. One cultivar consistently outperformed the other in fiber quality. Results from this study support the findings of others that fiber properties are highly genetically influenced. Thus, to maximize fiber quality, cultivar selection is of greatest importance while management of plant density to maintain or maximize genetic potential is secondary. C1 Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. Univ Georgia, Rural Dev Cent, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. USDA ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. RP Bednarz, CW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM cbednarz@tifton.uga.edu NR 25 TC 28 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 97 IS 1 BP 235 EP 240 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 894IB UT WOS:000226783300032 ER PT J AU Clay, SA Kleinjan, J Clay, DE Forcella, F Batchelor, W AF Clay, SA Kleinjan, J Clay, DE Forcella, F Batchelor, W TI Growth and fecundity of several weed species in corn and soybean SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID VELVETLEAF ABUTILON-THEOPHRASTI; PIGWEED AMARANTHUS-RETROFLEXUS; ZEA-MAYS; GLYCINE-MAX; INTERFERENCE; RUDIS; EMERGENCE; COMPETITION; RESISTANCE; YIELD AB Do weeds that emerge later in the season justify additional control costs? If crop yield is not reduced or few or no seeds are added to the soil seed bank, then no control may be needed. Eight weed species were sown in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (i) before crop emergence, (ii) at crop emergence, (iii) at V-1, and (iv) at V-2 stages of crop growth in 2002 and 2003. Weed seed was sown close to the crop row and thinned to 1.3 plants M-2. Weed growth and fecundity were influenced by species, time of planting, and year. Only barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti L.) survived to produce seed. Plants from the pre-emergence seeding had the largest canopy and produced the most seeds. Barnyardgrass had maximum canopy cover in early July in corn and late July in soybean but only produced seed in corn. Redroot pigweed and velvetleaf had maximum canopy cover in late August or mid-September, and some plants from most seeding dates survived and produced seed in both corn and soybean. However, plants that grew from seed sown at V-1 and V-2 crop growth stages did not reduce yield or biomass of adjacent crop plants, had low fecundity, and may not warrant treatment. Control may be necessary, however, to prevent yield losses if weeds are present at high densities or to prevent establishment of uncommon species. C1 S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Clay, SA (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM sharon.clay@sdstate.edu NR 25 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 97 IS 1 BP 294 EP 302 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 894IB UT WOS:000226783300040 ER PT J AU Adeli, A Sistani, KR Rowe, DE Tewolde, H AF Adeli, A Sistani, KR Rowe, DE Tewolde, H TI Effects of broiler litter on soybean production and soil nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SWINE MANURE APPLICATION; CATTLE MANURE; FERTILIZER; YIELD; CORN; POTASSIUM; DISPOSAL; SYSTEMS AB Although most of the N required by soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is provided through the process of symbiotic N-2 fixation, supplemental N using broiler litter may boost soybean grain yields. The effects of broiler litter and commercial fertilizer applications on soybean yield, N and P uptake, and residual soil N and P were evaluated on a Leeper silty clay loam (fine, smectitic, nonacid, thermic Vertic Epiaquepts) at the Mississippi Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station in Starkville, MS. Treatments were broiler litter application at the rates of 0, 40, 80, 160 kg plant available N (PAN) ha(-1) and commercial fertilizer at equivalent to broiler litter PAN and P rates. Soybean grain yield and N and P uptake were quadratically increased with increasing broiler litter and commercial fertilizer application rates. Soybean grain yield and N uptake from broiler litter applications were significantly greater than those from commercial fertilizer. Soybean grain yield was not correlated to soybean P uptake but linearly increased with increasing N uptake. Application of broiler litter at rates > 80 kg PAN ha(-1) were not effectively used by soybean as evidenced by declining apparent recovery values, increasing residual soil NO3-N concentrations, and increasing P accumulation at the top 15 cm of the soil profile. For every unit of N uptake, broiler litter treatment produced 3.4% more grain yield than commercial fertilizer. The results of this study indicate that application of broiler litter to soybean may be beneficial. C1 USDA ARS, Waste Manage & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Adeli, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Waste Manage & Forage Res Unit, 810 Hwy,12 East, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM aadeli@msa-msstate.ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 97 IS 1 BP 314 EP 321 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 894IB UT WOS:000226783300042 ER PT J AU Powell, JM Kelling, KA Munoz, GR Cusick, PR AF Powell, JM Kelling, KA Munoz, GR Cusick, PR TI Evaluation of dairy manure nitrogen-15 enrichment methods on short-term crop and soil nitrogen budgets SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ANIMAL MANURE; AVAILABILITY; COMPONENTS; RECOVERY; SLURRY AB Indirect estimates of manure N availability to crops are highly variable. We developed two methods that label dairy manure N components with the stable isotope N-15 for direct measurement of manure N availability to crops. The forage method involved the labeling then feeding of N-15-enriched forage to dairy cows (Bos taurus) to label urine N, fecal endogenous N, and fecal undigested feed N. The urea method involved the direct feeding of N-15-enriched area to label urine N and fecal endogenous N. Manure from each enrichment method was applied to a Piano silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, mesic, Typic Argiudolls) using field plots in 1999 and 2000; corn (Zea mays L.) was grown for 2 yr after each application. No significant differences were observed in manure N-15 recoveries in corn, soil inorganic N, or soil total N due to manure application year or manure enrichment method. Corn took up 14 to 16% of manure N-15 the first year and 4 to 8% the second year after application. Most N-15 recovery in soil inorganic and total N was found in the upper 30 cm of soil, indicating little downward movement of applied manure N-15. On average, 68% of applied manure N-15 was accounted for, either in crop uptake (21%) or in the soil (47%). The less laborious and less costly area enrichment method may be adequate for short-term (2 yr or less, the range of this study) manure-soil-crop-N cycling studies. Longer-term studies may need to include fecal undigested feed N-15 derived from the forage enrichment method. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Powell, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jmpowel2@wisc.edu NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 97 IS 1 BP 333 EP 337 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 894IB UT WOS:000226783300044 ER PT J AU Guo, YQ Zhang, FD Tao, DY Yu, LQ David, G AF Guo, YQ Zhang, FD Tao, DY Yu, LQ David, G TI Preliminary studies on the allelopathic potential of wild rice (Oryza) germplasm SO ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Chinese Allelopathy Conference CY MAY 18-20, 2004 CL Shenyang, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol DE allelopathy; competition; Echinochloa crus-galli; Oryza barthii; O. longistaminata; O. nivara; O. rufipogon AB Allelopathic potential in wild rice species against barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli L., Beauv.) was evaluated in bioassay and pot experiments in greenhouse and laboratory. Two wild rice accessions of S46 (Oryza barthii) and S72 (O. rufipogon) significantly reduced the plant height and dry weight of barnyardgrass. While, a wild rice accession of S37 (O. longistaminata) reduced the barnyardgrass germination rate significantly. The inhibitory effects of wild rice on the weed was greater during the rice elongation stage than at the reviving stage. Accessions S68 and S72 increasingly inhibited the plant height and dry weight of barnyardgrass as the distance between rice and weed plants decreased. Raw extracts from S37 were more inhibitory to the emergence rate, root length and seedling height of barnyardgrass than other accessions of wild rice. C1 China Natl Rice Res Inst, Hangzhou 310006, Peoples R China. Ctr Agr Divers Res & Training, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Kunming 650205, Peoples R China. USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Yu, LQ (reprint author), China Natl Rice Res Inst, Hangzhou 310006, Peoples R China. EM liuqyu53@yahoo.com.cn NR 15 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ALLELOPATHY FOUNDATION PI HISAR PA 9/12 CCS HARYANA AGRICULTURAL UNIV, HISAR 125 004, INDIA SN 0971-4693 J9 ALLELOPATHY J JI Allelopathy J. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 15 IS 1 BP 13 EP 19 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 899KS UT WOS:000227143900004 ER PT J AU Ahearn, MC Yee, J Korb, P AF Ahearn, Mary Clare Yee, Jet Korb, Penni TI Effects of differing farm policies on farm structure and dynamics SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article C1 [Ahearn, Mary Clare; Yee, Jet; Korb, Penni] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Ahearn, MC (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. NR 17 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PY 2005 VL 87 IS 5 BP 1182 EP 1189 DI 10.1111/j.1467-8276.2005.00805.x PG 8 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA V44NX UT WOS:000203010500010 ER PT J AU Harrington, DH AF Harrington, David H. TI Agricultural structural adjustments to US policies: Discussion paper SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article C1 USDA, Resource Econ Div, Econ Res Serv, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Harrington, DH (reprint author), USDA, Resource Econ Div, Econ Res Serv, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PY 2005 VL 87 IS 5 BP 1198 EP 1199 DI 10.1111/j.1467-8276.2005.00807.x PG 2 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA V44NX UT WOS:000203010500012 ER PT J AU Key, N Lubowski, RN Roberts, MJ AF Key, Nigel Lubowski, Ruben N. Roberts, Michael J. TI Farm-level production effects from participation in government commodity programs: Did the 1996 Federal Agricultural Improvement and Reform Act make a difference? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article C1 [Key, Nigel; Lubowski, Ruben N.; Roberts, Michael J.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Key, N (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PY 2005 VL 87 IS 5 BP 1211 EP 1219 DI 10.1111/j.1467-8276.2005.00809.x PG 9 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA V44NX UT WOS:000203010500014 ER PT J AU Kirwan, B Lubowski, RN Roberts, MJ AF Kirwan, Barrett Lubowski, Ruben N. Roberts, Michael J. TI How cost-effective are land retirement auctions? Estimating the difference between payments and willingness to accept in the conservation reserve program SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article C1 [Kirwan, Barrett] Univ Maryland, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lubowski, Ruben N.; Roberts, Michael J.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Kirwan, B (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. OI Kirwan, Barrett/0000-0003-1994-2789 NR 4 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 13 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PY 2005 VL 87 IS 5 BP 1239 EP 1247 DI 10.1111/j.1467-8276.2005.00813.x PG 9 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA V44NX UT WOS:000203010500018 ER PT B AU Ahearn, MC Yee, J Korb, P AF Ahearn, Mary Clare Yee, Jet Korb, Penni BE Barrett, CB Brorsen, BW Sheldon, IM Swallow, SK TI Effects of differing farm policies on farm structure and dynamics SO American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol 87, No 5, Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Agricultural-Economics-Association CY 2005 CL Providence, RI SP Amer Agr Econ Assoc C1 USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXEN, ENGLAND PY 2005 BP 1182 EP 1189 PG 8 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA BGL83 UT WOS:000248239300010 ER PT B AU Harrington, DH AF Harrington, David H. BE Barrett, CB Brorsen, BW Sheldon, IM Swallow, SK TI Agricultural structural adjustments to US policies: Discussion paper SO American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol 87, No 5, Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Agricultural-Economics-Association CY 2005 CL Providence, RI SP Amer Agr Econ Assoc C1 USDA, Resource Econ Div, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXEN, ENGLAND PY 2005 BP 1198 EP 1199 PG 2 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA BGL83 UT WOS:000248239300012 ER PT B AU Key, N Lubowski, RN Roberts, MI AF Key, Nigel Lubowski, Ruben N. Roberts, Michael I. BE Barrett, CB Brorsen, BW Sheldon, IM Swallow, SK TI Farm-level production effects from participation in government commodity programs: Did the 1996 Federal Agricultural Improvement and Reform Act make a difference? SO American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol 87, No 5, Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Agricultural-Economics-Association CY 2005 CL Providence, RI SP Amer Agr Econ Assoc ID SUPPORT; GROWTH; TRADE; SIZE; RISK C1 USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXEN, ENGLAND PY 2005 BP 1211 EP 1219 PG 9 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA BGL83 UT WOS:000248239300014 ER PT J AU Salywon, AM Dierig, DA Rebman, JP De Rodriguez, DJ AF Salywon, AM Dierig, DA Rebman, JP De Rodriguez, DJ TI Evaluation of new Lesquerella and Physaria (Brassicaceae) oilseed germplasm SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE hydroxy fatty acids; germplasm; Lesquerella; Physaria; new crops; seed oil ID SEED OIL; TOLERANCE; ESTOLIDES; WATS AB The seed oil of Lesquerella and the closely related genus Physaria (Brassicaceae.) is rich in hvdroxy fatty acids (HFAs). HFAs and their derivatives are used to produce a variety of industrial products including lubricants. nylon-11. plastics. drying agents. protective coatings. surfactants. cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Lesquerella fendleri is being developed as a new crop for and regions of the southwestern United States as an alternative Source of HFAs. Between 1995 and 2001, 66 accessions front 28 Species of Lesquerella were collected in the United States. 33 accessions from four species were collected in Mexico. and 41 accessions from 15 species of Physaria were collected from the southwestern United States. Mean seed mass ranged from 0.54 to 2.30 mg for Lesquerella compared to 1.70 to 5.80 mg for Physaria. Seed oil content ranged from a high of 32.2% in Lesquerella to a high of 31.4%. in Physaria. The fatty acid profile of all species of Physaria and most of the lesquerolic-acid-rich species of Lesquerella contained from 30 to 55% lesquerolic acid. although several species contained >60%. These collections of wild germplasm provide a diverse gene pool that should enhance Our breeding program in developing a domestic source of HFAs. C1 USDA ARS, US Water Conservat Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. San Diego Museum Nat Hist, San Diego, CA 92112 USA. Univ Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, Mexico. RP Salywon, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Water Conservat Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. EM asalywon@uswcl.ars.ag.gov NR 37 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 8 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 92 IS 1 BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.3732/ajb.92.1.53 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 890JK UT WOS:000226507300008 PM 21652384 ER PT J AU Aime, MC Vilgalys, R Miller, OK AF Aime, MC Vilgalys, R Miller, OK TI The Crepidotaceae (Basidiomycota, Agaricales): Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genera and revision of the family based on molecular evidence SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Agaricales; Crepidotus; Melanomphalia; molecular phylogeny; mushroom systematics; Pleurotellus; Simocybe; Tubaria ID RIBOSOMAL DNA-SEQUENCES; FUNGI AGARICINI NOVAZELANDIAE; NORTH-AMERICA; SENSU-LATO; SYSTEMATICS; OMPHALINA; TAXA; BASIDIOSPORES; EVOLUTION; MUSHROOMS AB Advances in phylogenetic systematics have clarified the position of most major hombasidiomycete lineages. In contrast, the status of the Crepidotaceae, a historically controversial family of dark-spored agarics, remains unaddressed. In this paper. current morphology-based classifications of the agaric genera of the Crepidotaceae were evaluated by parsimony and constraint analyses of sequence data from the nuclear large subunit rDNA. Taxa analyzed included the type species for each agaric genus allied ill the family by Singer: Crepidotus, Simocybe, Pleurotellus. Tubaria, and Melanomphalia. Contrary to traditional classifications, results suggest that the crepidotoid fungi have three separate origins within the euagarics. The Crepidotaceae sensu stricto (s.s.) includes Crepidotus and Shimocybe and represents a separate lineage of dark-spored euagarics. Pleurotellus is congeneric with Crepidotus. Results indicate the exclusion of both Tubaria and Melanomphalia from the Crepidotaceae s.s. Tubaria is allied with the strophariaceous taxa Phaeomarasmius and Flammulaster, while Melanomphalia has arisen from within a lineage of light-spored omphalinoid euagarics representing an independent acquisition of basidiospore pigmentation. Other pleisiomorphic and newly uncovered synapomorphic characters are discussed in detail along with the taxonomic status of each genus, and a revised family description is provided. C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Aime, MC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM cathie@nt.ars-grin.gov NR 91 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 92 IS 1 BP 74 EP 82 DI 10.3732/ajb.92.1.74 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 890JK UT WOS:000226507300010 PM 21652386 ER PT J AU Vega-Lopez, S Yeum, KJ Lecker, JL Ausman, LM Johnson, EJ Devaraj, S Jialal, I Lichtenstein, AH AF Vega-Lopez, S Yeum, KJ Lecker, JL Ausman, LM Johnson, EJ Devaraj, S Jialal, I Lichtenstein, AH TI Plasma antioxidant capacity in response to diets high in soy or animal protein with or without isoflavones SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE animal protein; antioxidants; antioxidant capacity; cardiovascular disease; isoflavones; oxidative stress; soy protein ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; BLOOD-LIPIDS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SUBJECTS; PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION; LDL OXIDATION AB Background: Several clinical trials have suggested that soy intake decreases oxidative stress. Soy isoflavones have antioxidant properties in vitro, but results of supplementation in clinical trials are inconclusive. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the independent effects of soy protein and soy-derived isoflavones on plasma antioxidant capacity and biomarkers of oxidative stress. Design: Forty-two hypercholesterolemic (LDL cholesterol > 3.36 mmol/L) subjects aged >50 y were provided with each of 4 diets in random order in a crossover design. Diets varied in protein source (10%, of energy, soy or animal) and isoflavone content (trace or 50 mg/1000 kcal) and were consumed for 42 d each. Plasma antioxidants, protein carbonyls, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant performance, LDL oxidizability, and urinary F-2-isoprostanes were measured at the end of each dietary phase. Results: Plasma antioxidant concentrations were not significantly different, regardless of dietary treatment, except for isoflavones, which were higher after isoflavone supplementation (P = 0.0001). Although plasma total antioxidant performance was 10% higher with soy protein intake, regardless of dietary isoflavones (P = 0.0003), soy protein did not significantly affect most individual markers of oxidative stress (LDL oxidizability, urinary F-2-isoprostanes, malondialdehyde, or protein carbonyls in native plasma). However, soy protein was associated with modestly lower concentrations of protein carbonyls in oxidized plasma. There was no significant effect of isoflavones on LDL oxidation, urinary F-2-isoprostanes, or protein carbonyl groups, although, paradoxically, the plasma malondialdehyde concentration was significantly higher after the isoflavone-rich diets (P = 0.04). Conclusions: Diets relatively high in soy protein or soy-derived isoflavones have little effect on plasma antioxidant capacity and biomarkers of oxidative stress. C1 Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Calif Sacramento, Lab Atherosclerosis & Metab Res, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Vega-Lopez, S (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM sonia.vega_lopez@tufts.edu FU NCCIH NIH HHS [K24-AT000596]; NHLBI NIH HHS [T32 HL069772, HL58008]; NIDDK NIH HHS [T32DK62032-11] NR 49 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 81 IS 1 BP 43 EP 49 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 886VC UT WOS:000226259800008 PM 15640458 ER PT J AU Joseph, JA Shukitt-Hale, B Casadesus, G AF Joseph, JA Shukitt-Hale, B Casadesus, G TI Reversing the deleterious effects of aging on neuronal communication and behavior: beneficial properties of fruit polyphenolic compounds SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Poplyphenols and Health CY NOV 18-21, 2004 CL Vichy, FRANCE DE aging; oxidative stress; inflammation; polyphenolic compounds; brain; signaling ID HEAVY-PARTICLE IRRADIATION; AGE-RELATED DEFICITS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; CHRONIC NEUROINFLAMMATION; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; FISCHER-344 RATS; CELL-LINES AB Despite elegant research involving molecular biology studies and determination of the genetic mechanisms of aging, practical information on how to forestall or reverse the deleterious effects of aging may be years away. If this is the case, then it is prudent to try to establish other methods that can be used now to alter the course of aging. Numerous epidemiologic studies have indicated that individuals who consume diets containing large amounts of fruits and vegetables may reduce their risk for developing age-related diseases such as Alzheimer disease. Research from our laboratory suggested that dietary supplementation with fruit or vegetable extracts high in antioxidants (eg, blueberry or spinach extracts) might decrease the enhanced vulnerability to oxidative stress that occurs in aging. These reductions might be expressed as improvements in motor and cognitive behavior. Additional research suggested that mechanisms in addition to antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities might be involved in the beneficial effects of these extracts; the most important of these might be their ability to increase cellular signaling and neuronal communication. C1 Tufts Univ, HNRCA, USDA ARS, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Inst Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Joseph, JA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, HNRCA, USDA ARS, Room 919,711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM james.joseph@tufts.edu NR 62 TC 138 Z9 144 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 81 IS 1 SU S BP 313S EP 316S PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 888VB UT WOS:000226401200014 PM 15640496 ER PT J AU Williams, LE Trout, TJ AF Williams, LE Trout, TJ TI Relationships among vine- and soil-based measures of water status in a Thompson Seedless vineyard in response to high-frequency drip irrigation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENOLOGY AND VITICULTURE LA English DT Article DE predawn water potential; midday leaf and stem water potential; soil water content; weighing lysimeter ID LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; SENSITIVE INDICATOR; VITIS-VINIFERA; PLANT-RESPONSE; PEACH-TREES; GRAPEVINES; FIELD; ROOT; STRESS AB A study was conducted in the field on Vitis vinifera L. (cv. Thompson Seedless) to compare various measurements of vine water status under high-frequency drip irrigation. Water use at 100% of vine evapotranspiration (ETc), was determined with a weighing lysimeter. Vines in the vineyard were irrigated at 0, 0.2, 0.6, 1.0, or 1.4 times the amount of water used by the lysimeter vines. Water applications occurred each time the lysimeter lost 16 L of water (2 mm depth; 8 L vine(-1)). Soil water content (theta(v)) was measured in the 0.2, 0.6, 1.0, and 1.4 irrigation treatments. Predawn (Psi(PD)), midday leaf (Psi(1)), and midday stem (Psi(stem)) water potentials were measured at the ends of the 1991 and 1992 growing seasons and almost monthly during 1993. Soil water content in 1993 remained constant throughout the growing season for the 1.0 irrigation treatment, increased in the 1.4 treatment, and decreased in the 0.2 and 0.6 treatments. Both Psi(1) and Psi(stem) measurements detected differences among irrigation treatments to a greater extent than did Psi(PD) until very late in the 1993 growing season. There was a linear relationship between Psi(1) and Psi(stem). All three measurements of water potential were related to soil water content (using a quadratic function); however, the relationship between SWC and Psi(PD) had the lowest R-2 value, 0.52 compared to 0.90 and 0.94 for Psi(1) and Psi(stem), respectively. Results indicated that Psi(PD) would not be useful in accurately determining vine water status under high-frequency deficit irrigation. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. Kearney Agr Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. ARS, Water Management Res Lab, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Williams, LE (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, 9250 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM williams@uckac.edu OI Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 NR 41 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC ENOLOGY VITICULTURE PI DAVIS PA PO BOX 1855, DAVIS, CA 95617-1855 USA SN 0002-9254 J9 AM J ENOL VITICULT JI Am. J. Enol. Vitic. PY 2005 VL 56 IS 4 BP 357 EP 366 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Agriculture GA 998HG UT WOS:000234308600005 ER PT J AU Pinkerton, JN Vasconcelos, MC Sampaio, TL Shaffer, RG AF Pinkerton, JN Vasconcelos, MC Sampaio, TL Shaffer, RG TI Reaction of grape rootstocks to ring nematode Mesocriconema xenoplax SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENOLOGY AND VITICULTURE LA English DT Article DE grape cultivars; host status; pathotypes; plant-parasitic nematodes; resistance; tolerance; Vitis ID VITIS-VINIFERA CULTIVARS; CRICONEMOIDES XENOPLAX; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; GROWTH; ROOT; RESISTANT AB The reaction of grape rootstocks to the ring nematode Mesocriconema xenoplax was studied in glasshouse experiments and in a vineyard trial. Growth of one Oregon population of M. xenoplax differed among 20 rootstock and self-rooted cultivars grown in the glasshouse for eight months. The reproductive factor, Rf (final nematode density divided by initial nematode density), was <= 0.5 for 420A Mgt rootstock and <= 2.4 for 101-14 Mgt and 110R rootstocks; Rf values <= 1 indicate high nematode resistance. Other rootstocks had Rf values between 6.9 and 52.5. Root dry weights of all varieties except 420A Mgt were reduced by M. xenoplax. In another glasshouse experiment, 420A Mgt and 101-14 Mgt were found to be resistant to one Washington State and four Oregon populations of M. xenoplax, although both were moderately susceptible to a California population. A rootstock trial was planted in 1997 in a vineyard infested with M. xenoplax. After six and seven years, population densities of M. xenoplax were lowest in vines on 420A Mgt (<= 0.08 g(-1) soil) and 101-14 Mgt (<= 0.24 g(-1) soil) rootstocks. Population densities on other rootstocks ranged from 1.25 to 4.57 g(-1) soil. 420A Mgt produced good vine vigor and yield and showed the highest degree of M. xenoplax resistance. Rootstock 101-14 Mgt, which is widely used in Oregon, was also resistant but produced only average vigor and yield. Other common Oregon rootstocks, Riparia Gloire, 3309C, and self-rooted Pinot noir, were highly susceptible to M. xenoplax and were among the least vigorous vines. C1 ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Pinkerton, JN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM pinkertj@science.oregonstate.edu RI Vasconcelos, M Carmo/B-5973-2008 OI Vasconcelos, M Carmo/0000-0002-3070-6317 NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ENOLOGY VITICULTURE PI DAVIS PA PO BOX 1855, DAVIS, CA 95617-1855 USA SN 0002-9254 J9 AM J ENOL VITICULT JI Am. J. Enol. Vitic. PY 2005 VL 56 IS 4 BP 377 EP 385 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Agriculture GA 998HG UT WOS:000234308600007 ER PT J AU Cheema, BSB Singh, MAF AF Cheema, BSB Singh, MAF TI Exercise training in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis: A systematic review of clinical trials SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Review DE aerobic training; resistance training; end-stage renal disease; quality of life; health ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; AEROBIC CAPACITY; REHABILITATION; RESISTANCE; STRENGTH; DIALYSIS; PROGRAM; HEALTH; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Background. Exercise is not routinely advocated in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD), compared to best practice in other chronically diseased cohorts. Lack of widespread awareness of the exercise in HD literature may be contributing to these shortcomings of clinical practice. Therefore, our objectives are: (1) to systematically review trials of exercise training involving adult HD patients; (2) to provide empirical evidence that exercise can elicit health-related adaptations in this cohort, and (3) to provide recommendations for future investigations. Method. A systematic review of the literature using computerized databases was performed. Results: According to the 29 trials reviewed, HD patients can safely derive a myriad of health-related adaptations from engaging in appropriately structured exercise regimens involving aerobic and/or resistance training. However, methodological limitations within this body of literature may be partially responsible for minimal advocacy for exercise in this cohort. Conclusions: Robustly designed RCTs with thorough, standardized reporting are required if clinical practice and quality of life of this cohort is to be enhanced through the integration of exercise training and mainstream medical practice, Future trials should demonstrate the clinical importance, and long-term feasibility and applicability of exercise training for this:vulnerable patient population. Copyright (C) 2005 S, Karger AG, Basel. C1 Univ Sydney, Sch Exercise & Sport Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Tufts Univ, Hebrew Rehabil Ctr Aged, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Cheema, BSB (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Exercise & Sport Sci, POB 170, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. EM bche3157@mail.usyd.edu.au NR 47 TC 100 Z9 114 U1 1 U2 11 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-8095 J9 AM J NEPHROL JI Am. J. Nephrol. PY 2005 VL 25 IS 4 BP 352 EP 364 DI 10.1159/000087184 PG 13 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 957QW UT WOS:000231389400006 PM 16088076 ER PT J AU Imakawa, K Nagaoka, K Nojima, H Hara, Y Christenson, RK AF Imakawa, K Nagaoka, K Nojima, H Hara, Y Christenson, RK TI Changes in immune cell distribution and IL-10 production are regulated through endometrial IP-10 expression in the goat uterus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE caprine; early pregnancy; inducible protein-10; interleukin-10; migration; natural killer cell ID NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; INTERFERON-GAMMA CONTRIBUTES; OVINE TROPHOBLAST PROTEIN-1; HUMAN NK CELLS; IFN-TAU; MURINE PREGNANCY; LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION; INDUCIBLE PROTEIN-10; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION AB PROBLEM: Changes in distribution or redistribution of immune cells are required for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy, but these changes during early pregnancy have been poorly understood in the ruminant ungulates. Expression of a chemokine, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-inducible protein 10 kDa (IP-10, CXCL10), was identified in the endometrium of pregnant goats. Population and/or distribution of endometrial immune cells and their cytokine productions could be regulated by IP-10 during the period of pregnancy establishment. METHOD OF STUDY: Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), expression of IP-10, IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-10 (IL-10), CXCR3 mRNA and leukocyte cell surface markers, CD4, CD8, CD11b and CD45 mRNA during the caprine early pregnancy was investigated. The ability of IP-10 to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) migration was demonstrated using a chemotaxis assay. Changes in migration of PBMCs' immune cell population and cytokine expressions with IP-10 stimulation were investigated using flow cytometry and RT-PCR respectively. RESULTS: Levels of IP-10, IL-10, CD4 and CD11b mRNA, and the number of CD4 and CD11b positive cells in pregnant goat endometrium were higher than those of cyclic goat endometrium. Migration of PBMCs was stimulated by recombinant caprine IP-10, and the effect was significantly reduced by neutralization with the use of an anti-IP-10 antibody. In the flow cytometric and RT-PCR analyses, migrated cells stimulated by IP-10 increased the expression of IL-10 and CD11b mRNA. Furthermore, IP-10 could stimulate the expression of IL-10 mRNA from PBMCs. CONCLUSION: Endometrial chemokine IP-10 could regulate IL-10 production by resident and possibly migrated cells expressing CD11b, probably natural killer cells, and these changes may result in immune environments of the uterus suitable for conceptus implantation in ruminants. C1 Univ Tokyo, Fac Agr, Lab Anim Breeding, Implantat Res Grp,Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. ProteinExpress Co Ltd, Chiba, Japan. USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Reprod Res Unit, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Imakawa, K (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Fac Agr, Lab Anim Breeding, Implantat Res Grp,Bunkyo Ku, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. EM akaz@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp RI Nagaoka, Kentaro/C-2019-2013 OI Nagaoka, Kentaro/0000-0003-1038-1380 NR 46 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1046-7408 J9 AM J REPROD IMMUNOL JI Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 53 IS 1 BP 54 EP 64 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2004.00243.x PG 11 WC Immunology; Reproductive Biology SC Immunology; Reproductive Biology GA 890LU UT WOS:000226513500007 PM 15667526 ER PT J AU Jacks, TJ AF Jacks, TJ TI Evaluation of kojic acid for determining heme and nonheme haloperoxidase activities spectrofluorometrically SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE haloperoxidase; kojic acid; fluorescence; enzyme assay ID COTTON LINT; CHLOROPEROXIDASE; FLUORESCENCE AB Heme-containing haloperoxidases ( heme haloperoxidases) catalyze peroxide-dependent oxidation of halide ions to hypohalite ions. Nonheme haloperoxidases catalyze peroxidation of alkyl acids to peroxyacids that subsequently oxidize halide ions to hypohalite ions. Hypohalite ions react with kojic acid spontaneously with concomitant production of fluorescence. This reaction was examined for suitability in assaying heme and nonheme haloperoxidase activities spectrofluorometrically. Heme haloperoxidases were assayed directly from hypohalite generation whereas nonheme enzymes were assayed by coupling peroxyacid formation to bromide ion oxidation. Peroxidation of kojic acid by chloroperoxidase and myeloperoxidase did not require halide ions and was not increased upon their addition, demonstrating that haloperoxidase activity was not distinguished from the classical peroxidase-like activity of these enzymes. Addition of bromide ions to specimens of nonheme haloperoxidase, however, resulted in increased rates of fluorescence generation, indicative of the presence of distinct peroxidase and haloperoxidase enzymes. The heme poison sodium azide inhibited chloroperoxidase, myeloperoxidase, and horseradish peroxidase activities totally but inhibited only a portion of nonheme haloperoxidase activity, verifying that the last specimen was contaminated with heme-containing peroxidase. Results show the utility of kojic acid for fluorometrically measuring haloperoxidase activity, particularly that of the nonheme enzyme. C1 ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Jacks, TJ (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM tjacks@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-2719 J9 ANAL LETT JI Anal. Lett. PY 2005 VL 38 IS 6 BP 921 EP 927 DI 10.1081/AL-200054038 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 923BO UT WOS:000228883900002 ER PT J AU Dungan, RS AF Dungan, RS TI Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) for the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) in foundry molding sand SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE solid-phase microextraction; foundry sand; headspace; benzene; toluene; ethylbenzene; xylenes; BTEX ID GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ORGANICS; SOILS; WATER AB The use of headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) to determine benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) in foundry molding sand, specifically a "green sand (clay-bonded sand) was investigated. The BTEX extraction was conducted using a 75 mu M Carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane (CAR-PDMS) fiber, which was suspended above 10 g of sample. The SPME fiber was desorbed in a gas chromatograph injector port (280 degrees C for 1 min) and the analytes were characterized by mass spectrometry. The effects of extraction time and temperature, water content, and clay and bituminous coal percentage on HS-SPME of BTEX were investigated. Because green sands contain bentonite clay and carbonaceous material such as crushed bituminous coal, a matrix effect was observed. The detection limits for BTEX were determined to be <= 0.18 ng g(-1) of green sand. C1 USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dungan, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rdungan@anri.barc.usda.gov NR 15 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-2719 J9 ANAL LETT JI Anal. Lett. PY 2005 VL 38 IS 14 BP 2393 EP 2405 DI 10.1080/00032710500318007 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 992KL UT WOS:000233882700010 ER PT J AU Baumann, RG Baldwin, RL Van Tassell, CP Sonstegard, TS Matukumalli, LK AF Baumann, RG Baldwin, RL Van Tassell, CP Sonstegard, TS Matukumalli, LK TI Characterization of a normalized cDNA library from bovine intestinal muscle and epithelial tissues SO ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROARRAY RESOURCES; GENE INDEX; EST; GENERATION; SEQUENCER AB Tissue-specific cDNA library sequences (expressed sequence tags, or EST) yield a detailed snapshot of gene expression and are useful in developing second-generation molecular resources (i.e., microarrays) for gene expression profiling. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize an intestine-specific cDNA library to examine the transcriptome of the bovine gut and identify expressed genes that influence ruminant nutrition and health. We describe BARC-8BOV, a normalized cDNA library developed from mRNA isolated from four distinct intestinal locations (duodenal, jejunal and ileal small intestine, colon) of Holstein dairy cattle resulting in 19,110 5'-EST deposited into the NCBI GenBank EST database. Assembly and clustering of these 19,110 clone sequences yielded 11,208 unique elements (3,419 contigs and 7,789 singletons) with an average length of 695 base pairs. Analysis strongly suggests normalization and tissue pooling were effective at increasing the discovery rate of new bovine sequence. A total of 1,123 sequence elements not previously identified in cattle, but with similarity to known genes in other animal species, were identified and shown to be involved in numerous critical biological processes. An additional 745 transcripts were not previously represented as EST in nucleotide or protein databases, and further analysis of these could lead to the identification of gut-specific transcript variants of known genes or potentially the discovery of novel bovine genes. Of the 11,208 assembled sequences, 11,034, or 98.4%, match sequences present in the bovine DNA trace archive at NCBI, and add to a bovine EST database previously lacking significant gut tissue representation. Ultimately, these data will also contribute in efforts to annotate the bovine genome. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, ANRI, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. George Mason Univ, Manassas, VA USA. RP Baumann, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, ANRI, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Bldg 162,Rm 211, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rbaumann@anri.barc.usda.gov OI Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1049-5398 J9 ANIM BIOTECHNOL JI Anim. Biotechnol. PY 2005 VL 16 IS 1 BP 17 EP 29 DI 10.1081/ABIO-200053398 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 929FT UT WOS:000229328200003 PM 15926260 ER PT J AU Hansen, C Yi, NJ Zhang, YM Xu, SZ Gavora, J Cheng, HH AF Hansen, C Yi, NJ Zhang, YM Xu, SZ Gavora, J Cheng, HH TI Identification of QTL for production traits in chickens SO ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE microsatellite; quantitative trait loci; production trait; chicken ID AFFECTING BODY-WEIGHT; WHOLE GENOME SCAN; MAREKS-DISEASE; AFFECTING SUSCEPTIBILITY; INTERCROSS CHICKENS; LEGHORN CHICKENS; EGG-PRODUCTION; INBRED LINE; LOCI; CROSS AB If the poultry industry hopes to continue to flourish, the identification of potential quantitative trait loci (QTL) for production-related traits must be pursued This remains true despite the sequencing of the chicken genome. In view of this need, a scan of the chicken genome using 72 microsatellite markers was carried out on a meat-type x egg-type resource population measured for production and egg quality traits. Using a Bayesian analysis, potential QTL for a number of traits were identified on several chromosomes. Evidence of eight QTL regions associated with a total of eight traits (specific gravity, albumin height, Haugh score, shell shape, total number of eggs, final body weight, gain, and feed efficiency) was found Two of these regions, one spanning the area of 263/287 cM on GAA01 and the other spanning the area of 23/28 cM on GAA02, were associated with multiple QTL. C1 USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ctr Food & Anim Res, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM hcheng@msu.edu NR 25 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1049-5398 J9 ANIM BIOTECHNOL JI Anim. Biotechnol. PY 2005 VL 16 IS 1 BP 67 EP 79 DI 10.1081/ABIO-200055016 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 929FT UT WOS:000229328200007 PM 15926264 ER PT J AU Nonneman, D Waldbieser, GC AF Nonneman, D Waldbieser, GC TI Isolation and enrichment of abundant microsatellites from a channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) brain cDNA library SO ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE channel catfish; microsatellites; expressed sequences; brain ID EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; PORCINE; CHICKEN; MARKERS; GENOME; LIVESTOCK; PROMOTER; GROWTH; ESTS AB Efforts to construct a genetic linkage map of channel catfish have involved identification of random genomic microsatellite markers, as well as anchored Type I loci ( expressed genes) from channel catfish. To identify Type I markers we constructed a directional cDNA library from brain tissue to obtain expressed catfish sequences that could be used for single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP) marker development. These cDNA sequences surprisingly contained a high proportion of microsatellites (about 14%) in noncoding regions of expressed sequence tags ( ESTs), many of which were not associated with known sequences. To further identify cDNAs with microsatellites and reduce the number of sequencing reactions needed for marker development, we enriched this library for repeat sequences and sequenced clones from both directions. A total of 1644 clones from seven repeat-enriched captures (CA, GT, CT, GA, MTT, TAG, and TAC) were sequenced from both ends, and 795 nonredundant clones were assembled. Thirty-seven percent of the clones contained microsatellites in the trimmed sequence. After assembly in the TIGR Catfish Gene Index (CfGI), 154 contigs matched known vertebrate genes and 92 contigs contained microsatellites. When BLAST-matched orthologues were available for similarity alignments, 28% of these contigs contained repeats in the 5'-UTR, 72% contained repeats in the 3'-UTR, and 8% contained repeats at both ends. Using biotinylated repeat oligonucleotides coupled with streptavidin-coated magnetic beads, and rapid, single-pass hybridization, we were able to enrich our plasmid library greater than two-fold for repeat sequences and increase the ability to link these ESTs with known sequences greater than six-fold. C1 USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warm Water Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Nonneman, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Spur 18D,POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM nonneman@email.marc.usda.gov NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1049-5398 J9 ANIM BIOTECHNOL JI Anim. Biotechnol. PY 2005 VL 16 IS 2 BP 103 EP 116 DI 10.1080/10495390500262908 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 984JO UT WOS:000233299700002 PM 16335805 ER PT J AU Kogut, MH He, HQ Kaiser, P AF Kogut, MH He, HQ Kaiser, P TI Lipopolysaccharide binding protein/CD14/TLR4-dependent recognition of Salmonella LPS induces the functional activation of chicken heterophils and up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression in these cells SO ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chickens; heterophils; CD14; TLR4; LBP ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; RECEPTOR-MEDIATED PHAGOCYTOSIS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; SUSCEPTIBLE CHICKENS; BACTERIAL PATHOGENS; AVIAN HETEROPHILS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; INNATE IMMUNITY AB Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) found in the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and, in mammals, is recognized by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in conjunction with the serum protein, lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), and the CD14 co-receptor. We have found that chicken heterophils constitutively express multiple TLRs including TLR4. Interestingly, ultrapure LPS from Salmonella minnesota directly induced the functional activation of heterophils without the presence of LBP. However, the role of LBP and CD14 in the recognition of LPS and the induction of innate immunity, including cell functional activation and the transcription of cytokine and chemokine genes in chicken heterophils, is not known. As previously seen, in the absence of chicken serum, heterophil exposure to ultrapure LPS from Salmonella minnesota stimulated an increased degranulation response. However, the presence of 5% chicken serum, presumed to be a source of LBP, increased heterophil degranulation by 84%. In addition, the presence of either soluble recombinant human LBP (rhLBP, 68%) or CD14 (39%) also induced the up-regulation of the heterophil degranulation response. Incubation of heterophils with either chicken serum or rhLBP also significantly induced the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-18) and chemokine (CCLi4, CXCLi1, CXCLi2, and the CXC receptor 1) mRNA expression. Moreover, polyclonal antibodies directed against rat CD14 and human TLR4, but not antibodies against human TLR2, blocked LPS-mediated degranulation and up-regulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression. These data clearly demonstrate that LBP and CD14/TLR4 engagement is directly involved in LPS-mediated functional activation and innate immune gene expression in chicken heterophils. C1 USDA ARS, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. Inst Anim Hlth, Compton, Berks, England. RP Kogut, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, SPARC, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM kogut@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 51 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1049-5398 J9 ANIM BIOTECHNOL JI Anim. Biotechnol. PY 2005 VL 16 IS 2 BP 165 EP 181 DI 10.1080/10495390500264896 PG 17 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 984JO UT WOS:000233299700007 PM 16335810 ER PT S AU Casas, E Nonneman, DJ AF Casas, Eduardo Nonneman, Dan J. BE Rosati, A Tewolde, A Mosconi, C TI Achievements of research in the field of molecular genetics SO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND ANIMAL SCIENCE WORLDWIDE: WAAP BOOK OF THE YEAR 2005: A REVIEW ON DEVELOPMENTS AND RESEARCH IN LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS SE WAAP Book of the Year LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE genome sequencing; single nucleotide polymorphisms; QTL; genome; mapping; fingerprinting; BAC; BES; STS ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; RADIATION HYBRID MAP; AFFECTING TWINNING RATE; GENOME-SCAN ANALYSIS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; DAIRY-CATTLE; LINKAGE MAP; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; AFFECTING REPRODUCTION C1 [Casas, Eduardo; Nonneman, Dan J.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Casas, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM casas@email.marc.usda.gov NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WAGENINGEN ACAD PUBL PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 220, 6700 AE WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1125 BN 978-90-76998-67-1 J9 WAAP BOOK YEAR PY 2005 VL 2 BP 49 EP 58 D2 10.3920/978-90-8686-564-2 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA BZU59 UT WOS:000303008000008 ER PT J AU Thomas, DB AF Thomas, DB TI Blaisdell's formae and homonyms in the genus Eleodes Eschscholtz (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae : Embaphionini) SO ANNALES ZOOLOGICI LA English DT Article DE darkling beetles; subspecies; nomenclature; morphotypes; synonymy; new names ID BEETLES AB The taxonomy of the speciose genus Eleodes Eschscholtz is complicated by a plethora of infrasubspecific names proposed by Blaisdell which were subsequently, if dubiously, elevated to subspecies. These cases are discussed and where deemed necessary, resolved. The following new names are proposed to replace occupied names: Eleodesformosus for E. oblongus Blaisdell, Eleodes tribulus for E. caudatus (Horn), Eleodes extricatus convexinotus for E. e. convexicollis Blaisdell, and Eleodes transvolcanensis for E. alticolus Pierre. Eleodes transvolcanensis rufipes Pierre is a new trinomial combination resulting from the new name for E. alticolus. Eleodes lecontei Horn is conserved by precedence over E. lecontei Gemminger et Harold. C1 USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Thomas, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, 2413 E Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 80 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU POLISH ACAD OF SCIENCES PI WARSAW PA MUSEUM & INST ZOOLOGY WILCZA 64, 00-679 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0003-4541 J9 ANN ZOOL JI Ann. Zool. PY 2005 VL 55 IS 4 BP 549 EP 560 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 009VE UT WOS:000235140700003 ER PT J AU Sun, JH Clarke, SR Kang, L Wang, HB AF Sun, JH Clarke, SR Kang, L Wang, HB TI Field trials of potential attractants and inhibitors for pine shoot beetles in the Yunnan province, China SO ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pine shoot beetle; Yunnan pine; semiochemical; verbenone; non-host volatile ID TOMICUS-PINIPERDA COLEOPTERA; OLFACTORY RECOGNITION; HYLURGOPS-PALLIATUS; BARK BEETLES; SCOLYTIDAE; COL.; SEMIOCHEMICALS; SELECTION; FOREST; TREES AB Funnel traps and trap log bundles were used to test potential attractants and inhibitors for a new species of pine shoot beetle in the genus Tomicus ( Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in the Yunnan province, China. The trap log bundles were attractive to beetles, and untreated bundles were heavily attacked. Verbenone, either alone or in combination with non-host volatiles (3 green leaf C-6 alcohols and 1 bark C-8 alcohol), significantly reduced attacks on the bundles. The non-host volatiles alone did not inhibit attack. Neither of the two monoterpene blends tested in funnel traps caught many beetles, possibly because the traps were run during the period of beetle movement to the trunks for breeding. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, State Key Lab Integrated Management Pest Insects, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. US Forest Serv, USDA, Lufkin, TX 75901 USA. Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Forest Protect, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. RP Sun, JH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, State Key Lab Integrated Management Pest Insects, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. EM sclarke@fs.fed.us NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1286-4560 J9 ANN FOREST SCI JI Ann. For. Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 62 IS 1 BP 9 EP 12 DI 10.1051/forest:2004087 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 905BQ UT WOS:000227543000002 ER PT J AU Chen, CY Bakhiet, RM Hart, V Holtzman, G AF Chen, CY Bakhiet, RM Hart, V Holtzman, G TI Isoflavones improve plasma homocysteine status and antioxidant defense system in healthy young men at rest but do not ameliorate oxidative stress induced by 80% VO(2)pk exercise SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE exercise; glutathione; homocysteine; isoflavones; malondialdehyde; total antioxidant capacity; uric acid; vitamin C; vitamin E ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SOY PROTEIN; ASCORBIC-ACID; BLOOD-LIPIDS; GENISTEIN; WOMEN; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PHYTOESTROGENS; DAMAGE AB Aims: ( 1) Determination of whether isoflavones, as antioxidants and estrogen-like substances, reduce the atherosclerotic process. ( 2) Assessment of isoflavone anti-atherosclerotic effectiveness by means of measuring plasma markers of atherosclerosis: homocysteine (Hcy), antioxidant status, and lipid peroxidation. ( 3) Testing of isoflavone antioxidant effectiveness in the presence and absence of oxidative stress induced by exercise. Methods: Thirty subjects paired by aerobic fitness level were randomly assigned to either a placebo or high-genistein isoflavone extract (HGI, 150 mg/day) treatment. Blood samples were collected before and within 5 min, after 30 min at 80% peak oxygen consumption (VO(2)pk) exercise, and before and after 4-week supplementation. Results: Plasma genistein and daidzein were significantly increased by 4-week HGI supplementation before and after exercise ( p < 0.05). HGI decreased pre-exercise (pre-ex) plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) ( p < 0.05) and Hcy ( p = 0.01), and increased pre-ex blood total glutathione (TGSH) ( p = 0.01), but did not diminish the increase of MDA and the decrease of TGSH due to the exercise. Furthermore, HGI supplementation enhanced pre-ex total antioxidant capacity ( p <0.05), but did not influence plasma vitamin C and E and uric acid concentrations. Conclusion: Isoflavones reduce plasma Hcy and have antioxidant activity in healthy young men. However, the effect of isoflavones on antioxidant systems may not be potent enough to diminish an abrupt surge of oxidative stress due to acute exercise. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Human Nutr Foods & Exercise, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Stat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Chen, CY (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM oliver.chen@tufts.edu NR 51 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2005 VL 49 IS 1 BP 33 EP 41 DI 10.1159/000084175 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 920DZ UT WOS:000228670900006 PM 15735366 ER PT J AU Calcaterra, LA Porter, SD Briano, JA AF Calcaterra, LA Porter, SD Briano, JA TI Distribution and abundance of fire ant decapitating flies (Diptera : Phoridae : Pseudacteon) in three regions of southern South America SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Pseudacteon; parasitoid; Solenopsis; biological control; Argentina ID SOLENOPSIS-GEMINATA HYMENOPTERA; HOST-SPECIFICITY; CURVATUS DIPTERA; OVIPOSITION BEHAVIOR; PARASITOIDS DIPTERA; SAEVISSIMA COMPLEX; FORMICIDAE; ARGENTINA; BRAZIL; PATTERNS AB The distribution and abundance of fire ant decapitating flies (Diptera: Phoridae: Pseudacteon Coquillett) were studied in three regions of southern South America, primarily from September 2002 to September 2004. A total of 2,421 flies belonging to 14 Pseudacteon species were found at 51% of the 662 fire ant mounds examined at 125 collecting sites. Flies occurred in a variety of habitats at altitudes from sea level to 2,280 in. Pseudacteon obtusus Borgmeier (large form) was found at the highest altitude and at the most western longitude. Flies were active between 16 and 37degreesC, 20 and 90% RH, and 0 and 11.6 km/h wind speed. Pseudacteon curvatus Borgmeier showed the highest abundance and one of the broadest geographical distributions. Pseudacteon triciuspis Borgmeier, P. litoralis Borgmeier, the large form of P. obtusus, P. nudicornis Borgmeier, and P. nocens Borgmeier also were widely distributed. These species seem to be the most generalized within saevissima-group. Pseudacteon solenopsidis Schmitz was only collected attacking isolated workers. A new Pseudacteon species was discovered in northwestern Argentina. Seven fly species were reported for the first time on a new fire ant host in this region. Pseudacteon cultellatus Borgmeier was found for the first time on Solenopsis invicta Buren in Corrientes province in northeastern Argentina, where up to nine fly species have been found to cooccur. Males of P. tricuspis and P. obtusus were the only males normally attracted to disturbed fire ant colonies. C1 USDA ARS, S Amer Biol Control Lab, RA-1686 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Calcaterra, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, S Amer Biol Control Lab, Bolivar 1559, RA-1686 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. NR 61 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 98 IS 1 BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2005)098[0085:DAAOFA]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 893XY UT WOS:000226755600011 ER PT S AU Coyle, DR Nebeker, TE Hart, ER Mattson, WJ AF Coyle, DR Nebeker, TE Hart, ER Mattson, WJ TI Biology and management of insect pests in North American intensively managed hardwood forest systems SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY SE Annual Review of Entomology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE defoliators; integrated pest management sap-feeders; short-rotation forestry; stem borers ID COTTONWOOD LEAF BEETLE; CHRYSOMELA-SCRIPTA COLEOPTERA; CILIATA SAY HEMIPTERA; SYCAMORE LACE BUG; PLAGIODERA-VERSICOLORA COLEOPTERA; TENT CATERPILLAR LEPIDOPTERA; GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; TWIG BORER LEPIDOPTERA; HYBRID POPLAR CLONES; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS AB Increasing demand for wood and wood products is putting stress on traditional forest production areas, leading to long-term economic and environmental concerns. Intensively managed hardwood forest systems (IMHFS), grown using conventional agricultural as well as forestry methods, can help alleviate potential problems in natural forest production areas. Although DAHFS can produce more biomass per hectare per year than natural forests, the ecologically simplified. monoculmral systems may greatly increase the crop's susceptibility to pests. Species in the genera Populus and Salix comprise the greatest acreage in IMHFS in North America, but other species, including Liquidambar styraciflua and Platanus occidentalis. are also important. We discuss life histories, realized and potential damage, and management options for the most economically influential pests that affect these hardwood species. The substantial inherent challenges associated with pest management in the monocultural environments created by IMEFS are reviewed. Finally, we discuss ways to design DIM that may reduce their susceptibility to pests, increase their growth and productivity potential, and create a more sustainable environment. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Forestry, Ames, IA 50011 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Coyle, DR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dcoyle@entomology.wisc.edu; enebeker@entomology.msstate.edu; ehart@iastate.edu; wmattson@fs.fed.us NR 161 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 24 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4170 BN 978-0-8243-0150-7 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 2005 VL 50 BP 1 EP 29 DI 10.1146/annurev.ento.50.071803.130431 PG 29 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 893GT UT WOS:000226708000002 PM 15355232 ER PT J AU Backus, EA Serrano, MS Ranger, CM AF Backus, EA Serrano, MS Ranger, CM TI Mechanisms of hopperburn: An overview of insect taxonomy, behavior, and physiology SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY SE Annual Review of Entomology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Hemiptera; Auchenorrhyncha; typhlocybinae; Empoasca; electrical penetration graph ID POTATO LEAFHOPPER HOMOPTERA; ELECTRICAL PENETRATION GRAPHS; NILAPARVATA-LUGENS HOMOPTERA; SUSCEPTIBLE RICE VARIETIES; EMPOASCA-FABAE HOMOPTERA; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; PROBING BEHAVIOR; ALFALFA STEMS; SCHIZAPHIS-GRAMINUM; KRAEMERI HOMOPTERA AB Hopperburn is a noncontagious disease of plants caused by the direct feeding damage of certain leafhoppers and planthoppers. Although long studied-especially with Empoasca spp. leafhoppers (Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae), the mechanisms underlying hopperbum have only recently been elucidated. Hopperburn is caused by a dynamic interaction between complex insect feeding stimuli (termed hopperbum initiation) and complex plant responses (termed the hopperbum cascade). Herein we review, the nature of the feeding stimuli in hopperbum initiation, especially for Empoasca spp., which we also compare with the planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. Contrary to previous reports, Empoasca hopperbum is not caused solely by toxic saliva. Instead, it is caused by a plant wound response triggered by a unique type of stylet movement. which is then exacerbated by saliva. Electrical penetration graph monitoring has revealed that all Empoasca spp. are cell rupture feeders, not sheath feeders, and that certain tactics of that feeding strategy are more damaging than others. Measuring the proportions of the most damaging feeding led to development of a resistance index, the Stylet Penetration Index, which can predict hopperbum severity in different plants or under different environmental conditions and can supplement or replace traditional, field-based resistance indices. C1 USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Dis & Pests Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. Compania Agricola Colombiana Ltda, Bogota, Colombia. Rutgers State Univ, Marcucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res & Extens, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. RP Backus, EA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Dis & Pests Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM ebackus@fresno.ars.usda.gov; miguel.serrano@monsanto.com NR 81 TC 108 Z9 120 U1 4 U2 28 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4170 EI 1545-4487 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 2005 VL 50 BP 125 EP 151 DI 10.1146/annurev.ento.49.061802.123310 PG 29 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 893GT UT WOS:000226708000007 PM 15471532 ER PT S AU Howard, RW Blomquist, GJ AF Howard, RW Blomquist, GJ TI Ecological, behavioral, andbiochemical aspects of insect hydrocarbons SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY SE Annual Review of Entomology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE chemical ecology; biosynthesis; social insects; behavioral ecology; cuticular lipids ID FATTY-ACID SYNTHETASE; CARPOPHILUS-FREEMANI COLEOPTERA; CARPENTER ANTS CAMPONOTUS; WASP POLISTES-DOMINULUS; KIN RECOGNITION SYSTEM; CONTACT SEX-PHEROMONE; CUTICULAR HYDROCARBONS; NESTMATE RECOGNITION; MUSCA-DOMESTICA; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER AB This review covers selected literature from 1982 to the present on some of the ecological, behavioral, and biochemical aspects of hydrocarbon use by insects and other arthropods. Major ecological and behavioral topics are species- and gender-recognition, nestmate recognition, task-specific cues, dominance and fertility cues, chemical mimicry, and primer pheromones. Major biochemical topics include chain length regulation, mechanism of hydrocarbon formation. timing of hydrocarbon synthesis and transport, and biosynthesis of volatile hydrocarbon pheromones of Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. In addition, a section is devoted to future research needs in this rapidly growing area of science. C1 USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Biochem, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Howard, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM howardks@ksu.edu; GaryB@cabnr.unr.edu NR 120 TC 600 Z9 611 U1 16 U2 241 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4170 BN 978-0-8243-0150-7 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 2005 VL 50 BP 371 EP 393 DI 10.1146/annurev.ento.50.071803.130359 PG 23 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 893GT UT WOS:000226708000017 PM 15355247 ER PT J AU Nei, M Rooney, AP AF Nei, M Rooney, AP TI Concerted and birth-and-death evolution of multigene families SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF GENETICS SE Annual Review of Genetics LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE birth-and-death evolution; concerted evolution; origins of new genetic systems; gene conversion; MHC genes; ribosomal RNA ID MAJOR-HISTOCOMPATIBILITY-COMPLEX; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; CLASS-I GENES; OLFACTORY RECEPTOR GENES; VARIABLE REGION GENES; URCHINS LYTECHINUS-PICTUS; BLOOD-GROUP GENES; PRIMATE U2 SNRNA; A-GAMMA-GLOBIN; MADS-BOX GENES AB Until around 1990, most multigene families were thought to be subject to concerted evolution, in which all member genes of a family evolve as a unit in concert. However, phylogenetic analysis of MHC and other immune system genes showed a quite different evolutionary pattern, and a new model called birth-and-death evolution was proposed. In this model, new genes are created by gene duplication and some duplicate genes stay in the genome for a long time, whereas others are inactivated or deleted from the genome. Later investigations have shown that most non-rRNA genes including highly conserved histone or ubiquitin genes are subject to this type of evolution. However, the controversy over the two models is still continuing because the distinction between the two models becomes difficult when sequence differences are small. Unlike concerted evolution, the model of birth-and-death evolution can give some insights into the origins of new genetic systems or new phenotypic characters. C1 Penn State Univ, Inst Mol Evolutionary Genet, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Nei, M (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Inst Mol Evolutionary Genet, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM nxm2@psu.edu; rooney@ncaur.usda.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM020293-32, R01 GM020293, R01 GM020293-33A2] NR 188 TC 601 Z9 621 U1 5 U2 67 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4197 EI 1545-2948 J9 ANNU REV GENET JI Annu. Rev. Genet. PY 2005 VL 39 BP 121 EP 152 DI 10.1146/annurev.genet.39.073003.112240 PG 32 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 003MB UT WOS:000234685200007 PM 16285855 ER PT S AU Harrison, EH AF Harrison, EH TI Mechanisms of digestion and absorption of dietary vitamin A SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION SE Annual Review of Nutrition LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE retinoids; retinyl esters; hydrolases; lipases; intestine ID RAT SMALL-INTESTINE; RETINOL-BINDING-PROTEIN; PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL BEHAVIOR; II GENE-EXPRESSION; ADULT HUMAN-BEINGS; CACO-2 CELL-LINE; ESTER HYDROLASE; BRUSH-BORDER; PANCREATIC LIPASE; BETA-CAROTENE AB Mechanisms involved in the digestion and absorption of dietary vitamin A require the participation of several proteins. Dietary retinyl esters are hydrolyzed in the intestine by the pancreatic enzyme, pancreatic triglyceride lipase, and intestinal brush border enzyme, phospholipase B. Unesterified retinol taken up by the enterocyte is complexed with cellular retinol-binding protein type 2 and the complex serves as a substrate for reesterification of the retinol by the enzyme lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT). The retinyl esters are then incorporated into chylomicrons, intestinal lipoproteins containing other dietary lipids, such as triglycerides, phospholipids, and free and esterified cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B. Chylomicrons containing newly absorbed retinyl esters are then secreted into the lymph. Although under normal dietary conditions much of the dietary vitamin A is absorbed via the chylomicron/lymphatic route, it is also clear that under some circumstances there is substantial absorption of unesterified retinol via the portal route. Evidence supports the idea that the cellular uptake and efflux of unesterified retinol by enterocytes is mediated by lipid transporters, but the exact number, identity, and role of these proteins is not known and is an active area of research. C1 USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Harrison, EH (reprint author), USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM harrisoe@ba.ars.usda.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL049879, HL49879]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK044498, DK44498] NR 87 TC 112 Z9 117 U1 3 U2 37 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0199-9885 BN 978-0-8243-2825-2 J9 ANNU REV NUTR JI Annu. Rev. Nutr. PY 2005 VL 25 BP 87 EP 103 DI 10.1146/annurev.nutr.25.050304.092614 PG 19 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 962DD UT WOS:000231710300006 PM 16011460 ER PT S AU Corella, D Ordovas, JM AF Corella, D Ordovas, JM TI Single nucleotide polymorphisms that influence lipid metabolism: Interaction with dietary factors SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION SE Annual Review of Nutrition LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE cholesterol; genes; nutrition; prevention; cardiovascular ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPE; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; HETEROZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; POSTPRANDIAL LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; LDL-RECEPTOR GENE; SATURATED FAT INTAKE; B TYPE-I; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR AB Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is the result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. During the past few decades, much attention has focused on plasma lipoproteins as CVD risk factors. The current evidence supports the concept that gene-environment interactions modulate plasma lipid concentrations and potentially CVD risk. The findings from studies examining gene-diet interactions and lipid metabolism have been highly promising. Several loci (i.e., APOA1, APOA4, APOE, and LIPC) are providing proof-of-concept for the potential application of genetics in the context of personalized nutritional recommendations for CVD prevention. However, the incorporation of these findings to the clinical environment is not ready for prime time. There is a compelling need for replication using a higher level of scientific evidence. Moreover, we need to evolve from the simple scenarios examined nowadays (i.e., one single dietary component, single nucleotide polymorphism, and risk factor) to more realistic situations involving interactions between multiple genes, dietary components, and risk factors. In summary, there is need for both large population studies and well-standardized intervention studies. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Valencia 46010, Spain. RP Corella, D (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM dolores.corella@uv.es; jose.ordovas@tufts.edu OI Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL54776] NR 126 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 14 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0199-9885 BN 978-0-8243-2825-2 J9 ANNU REV NUTR JI Annu. Rev. Nutr. PY 2005 VL 25 BP 341 EP 390 DI 10.1146/annurev.nutr.25.050304.092656 PG 50 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 962DD UT WOS:000231710300017 PM 16011471 ER PT S AU Grunwald, NJ Flier, WG AF Grunwald, NJ Flier, WG TI The biology of Phytophthora infestans at its center of origin SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY SE Annual Review of Phytopathology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE coevolution; epidemiology; potato late blight; resistance; speciation ID POTATO LATE-BLIGHT; NEVADO-DE-TOLUCA; GERMPLASM COLLECTING EXPEDITION; BROAD-SPECTRUM RESISTANCE; CENTRAL MEXICO; SOLANUM-BULBOCASTANUM; WESTERN SLOPES; MONT DEBARY; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION AB The central highlands of Mexico are considered to be a center of genetic diversity for both the potato late blight pathogen and for tuber-bearing Solanum spp. Recent work conducted in Mexico and South America sheds new light on the biology and evolution of Phytophthora infestans and other related Phytophthora pathogens. It now appears that Mexican Solanum species, which coevolved with P. infestans and were previously known for providing a source of R-genes, also provide a source of quantitative, rate-reducing resistance that is highly effective, stable, and durable. It is now apparent that Mexico is the center of origin not only of the potato late blight pathogen P. infestans, but also of several related Phytophthora species including R mirabilis, P ipomoeae, and possibly P phaseoli. We close with the hypothesis that these Phytophthora species evolved sympatrically from one ancestral host through adaptive radiation onto their respective four host families. C1 USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. Plant Res Int, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Grunwald, NJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM grunwaln@onid.orst.edu; wilbert.flier@wur.nl RI Grunwald, Niklaus/B-9535-2008; Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 87 TC 116 Z9 132 U1 6 U2 51 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4286 BN 978-0-8243-1343-2 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 2005 VL 43 BP 171 EP 190 DI 10.1146/annurev.phyto.43.040204.135906 PG 22 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 970DZ UT WOS:000232286700008 PM 16078881 ER PT S AU Rowhani, A Uyemoto, JK Golino, DA Martelli, GP AF Rowhani, A Uyemoto, JK Golino, DA Martelli, GP TI Pathogen testing and certification of Vitis and Prunus species SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY SE Annual Review of Phytopathology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE biological indexing; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); graft-transmissible agents (GTAs); reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); virus detection ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; NECROTIC-RINGSPOT-VIRUS; NESTED RT-PCR; LEAFROLL-ASSOCIATED VIRUSES; PLUM POX VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SEROLOGICAL DETECTION; DWARF VIRUSES; PLANT-VIRUSES AB Strategies to screen horticultural crops for graft-transmissible agents, particularly viruses and phytoplasmas, have advanced substantially over the past decade. Tests used for Vitis and Prunus are reviewed in detail, including both biological indexing procedures and laboratory-based assays. Despite advances in laboratory molecular-based detection techniques, a strong case is presented for the continued use of slower biological tests in programs requiring high levels of confidence in detection of pathogens that must be excluded from valuable germplasm. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Prot Piante & Microbiol Appl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. CNR, Inst Virol Vegetale, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. RP Rowhani, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM akrowhani@ucdavis.edu; jkuyemoto@ucdavis.edu; dagolino@ucdavis.edu; martelli@agr.uniba.it NR 114 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 8 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4286 BN 978-0-8243-1343-2 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 2005 VL 43 BP 261 EP 278 DI 10.1146/annurev.phyto.43.040204.135919 PG 20 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 970DZ UT WOS:000232286700012 PM 16078885 ER PT J AU Fravel, DR AF Fravel, DR TI Commercialization and implementation of biocontrol SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY SE Annual Review of Phytopathology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE biological control; biocontrol plant disease; biocontrol products; biocontrol use; biopesticides ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA; CONTROL BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; CERCOSPORA LEAF-SPOT; COCOA POD DISEASES; POSTHARVEST DISEASES; FUSARIUM-WILT; HONEY-BEES; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ROOT-ROT AB Although the number of biocontrol products is increasing, these products still represent only about 1% of agricultural chemical sales. Yet these are important contributions because biocontrol agents offer disease management alternatives with different mechanisms of action than chemical pesticides. Trends in research include the increased use of biorational screening processes to identify microorganisms with potential for biocontrol, increased testing under semicommercial and commercial production conditions, increased emphasis on combining biocontrol strains with each other and with other control methods, integrating biocontrol into an overall system. C1 USDA ARS, BARC W, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fravel, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC W, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM fraveld@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 114 TC 303 Z9 334 U1 13 U2 127 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4286 EI 1545-2107 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 2005 VL 43 BP 337 EP 359 DI 10.1146/annurev.phyto.43.032904.092924 PG 23 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 970DZ UT WOS:000232286700015 PM 16078888 ER PT S AU Franceschi, VR Nakata, PA AF Franceschi, VR Nakata, PA TI Calcium oxalate in plants: Formation and function SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY SE Annual Review of Plant Biology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE crystals; idioblast; morphology; oxalic acid; vacuole ID CANAVALIA-ENSIFORMIS DC; ESCULENTA L. SCHOTT.; LEMNA-MINOR-L; RAPHIDE CRYSTAL IDIOBLASTS; GLEDITSIA-TRIACANTHOS L; OXALIC-ACID METABOLISM; PISTIA-STRATIOTES L; L-ASCORBIC-ACID; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS AB Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals are distributed among all taxonomic levels of photosynthetic organisms from small algae to angiosperms and giant gymnosperms. Accumulation of crystals by these organisms can be substantial. Major functions of CaOx crystal formation in plants include high-capacity calcium (Ca) regulation and protection against herbivory Ultrastructural and developmental analyses have demonstrated that this biomineralization process is not a simple random physical-chemical precipitation of endogenously synthesized oxalic acid and environmentally derived Ca. Instead, crystals are formed in specific shapes and sizes. Genetic regulation of CaOx,formation is indicated by constancy of crystal morphology within species, cell specialization, and the remarkable coordination of crystal growth and cell expansion. Using a variety of approaches, researchers have begun to unravel the exquisite control mechanisms exerted by cells specialized for CaOx formation that include the machinery for uptake and accumulation of Ca, oxalic acid biosynthetic pathways, and regulation of crystal growth. C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Franceschi, VR (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM vfrances@wsu.edu; pnakata@bcm.tmc.edu NR 205 TC 399 Z9 440 U1 10 U2 128 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 1543-5008 BN 978-0-8243-0656-4 J9 ANNU REV PLANT BIOL JI Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. PY 2005 VL 56 BP 41 EP 71 DI 10.1146/annurev.arplant.56.032604.144106 PG 31 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 942LB UT WOS:000230282800004 PM 15862089 ER PT J AU Aronstein, K Saldivar, E AF Aronstein, K Saldivar, E TI Characterization of a honey bee Toll related receptor gene Am18w and its potential involvement in antimicrobial immune defense SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE toll receptor; gene silencing; antimicrobial peptides; immune response; honey bee; Apis mellifera ID PEPTIDE-ANTIBIOTICS; INNATE IMMUNITY; HOST-DEFENSE; BOMBYX-MORI; DROSOPHILA; INSECT; EXPRESSION; 18-WHEELER; RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION AB Toll receptors are involved in intracellular signal transduction and initiation of insect antimicrobial immune responses. Here we report the isolation and characterization of a novel gene (Am18w) from honey bee Apis mellifera, which encodes for the Toll-like receptor and shares a striking 51.4% similarity with Bombyx mori 18-wheeler, 46.6% with Drosophila Toll-7 receptor and 42.5% with Drosophila 18-wheeler. The sequence analysis of the deduced 18W protein revealed a conserved Toll-Interleukin - Resistance signaling domain (TIR) characteristic of signal transducing receptors found in Toll and mammalian interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptors. The expression profiles of the honey bee Toll-like receptor gene Am18w were examined in all developmental stages, before and after immune challenge. Here we demonstrate that injection of a dsRNA probe into honey bee larvae successfully disrupts the endogenous mRNA of the target gene and allows us to examine the effects of Am18w gene silencing (RNAi) on the expression level of antimicrobial peptides. C1 ARS, USDA, KSARC, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Aronstein, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, KSARC, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, 2413 E Hwy 83,Bldg 213, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM karonstein@weslaco.ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 35 Z9 41 U1 6 U2 19 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD JAN-MAR PY 2005 VL 36 IS 1 BP 3 EP 14 DI 10.1051/apido:2004062 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 906ZM UT WOS:000227683900001 ER PT J AU James, RR AF James, RR TI Temperature and chalkbrood development in the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE alfalfa leafcutting bee; Megachile rotundata; Ascosphaera aggregata; chalkbrood; temperature stress ID ASCOSPHAERA-AGGREGATA; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; VEGETATIVE GROWTH; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; HYMENOPTERA; LARVAE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; GERMINATION; HUMIDITY AB Ascosphaera aggregata, the causative agent of chalkbrood in the alfalfa leafcutting bee ( Megachile rotundata), is a major mortality factor when this bee is used commercially as a pollinator. The effect of temperature on A. aggregata hyphal growth, spore germination, and disease prevalence was tested. The lowest prevalence of chalkbrood occurred at 35 degrees C, yet this temperature was the optimum for fungal germination and growth on agar, and is stressful to the insect. Sporulation of M. rotundata cadavers that were infected with the fungus was highest at 25 degrees C. Daily exposures to 40 degrees C for 6 h did not affect disease incidence, but it negatively impacted spore production. A similar temperature response, that is, where lower temperatures promote the disease, has been seen by others for this bee, and other Ascosphaera spp in other bees, but it is not clear why the greatest likelihood of mycosis does not occur at optimum temperatures for the fungus, or at the temperatures most detrimental to the insect. A few hypotheses have been proposed, but empirical data are lacking. C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP James, RR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM rjames@biology.usu.edu NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD JAN-MAR PY 2005 VL 36 IS 1 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1051/apido:2004065 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 906ZM UT WOS:000227683900002 ER PT J AU Jordan, FL Cantera, JJL Fenn, ME Stein, LY AF Jordan, FL Cantera, JJL Fenn, ME Stein, LY TI Autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria contribute minimally to nitrification in a nitrogen-impacted forested ecosystem SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; SAN-BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; HETEROTROPHIC NITRIFICATION; NITROSOMONAS-EUROPAEA; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS AB Deposition rates of atmospheric nitrogenous pollutants to forests in the San Bernardino Mountains range east of Los Angeles, California, are the highest reported in North America. Acidic soils from the west end of the range are N-saturated and have elevated rates of N-mineralization, nitrification, and nitrate leaching. We assessed the impact of this heavy nitrogen load on autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing communities by investigating their composition, abundance, and activity. Analysis of 177 cloned beta-Proteobacteria ammonia oxidizer 16S rRNA genes from highly to moderately N-impacted soils revealed similar levels of species composition; all of the soils supported the previously characterized Nitrosospira clusters 2, 3, and 4. Ammonia oxidizer abundance measured by quantitative PCR was also similar among the soils. However, rates of potential nitrification activity were greater for N-saturated soils than for soils collected from a less impacted site, but autotrophic (i.e., acetylene-sensitive) activity was low in all soils examined. N-saturated soils incubated for 30 days with ammonium accumulated additional soluble ammonium, whereas less-N-impacted soils had a net loss of ammonium. Lastly, nitrite production by cultivated Nitrosospira multiformis, an autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacterium adapted to relatively high ammonium concentrations, was significantly inhibited in pH-controlled slurries of sterilized soils amended with ammonium despite the maintenance of optimal ammonia-oxidizing conditions. Together, these results showed that factors other than autotrophic ammonia oxidizers contributed to high nitrification rates in these N-impacted forest soils and, unlike many other environments, differences in nitrogen content and soil pH did not favor particular autotrophic ammonia oxidizer groups. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Fire Lab, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Stein, LY (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Geol 2207, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM lisa.stein@ucr.edu RI Stein, Lisa/E-6374-2016 OI Stein, Lisa/0000-0001-5095-5022 NR 50 TC 52 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 71 IS 1 BP 197 EP 206 DI 10.1128/AEM.71.1.197-206.2005 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 889QZ UT WOS:000226458800024 PM 15640188 ER PT J AU Tamplin, ML AF Tamplin, ML TI Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 in simulated human gastric fluid SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI; ACID HABITUATION; LOW PH; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; FOOD; RESISTANCE; TOLERANCE; INFECTION AB Human disease caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a function of the number of cells that are present at potential sites of infection and host susceptibility. Such infectious doses are a result, in part, of the quantity of cells that are ingested and that survive human host defenses, such as the low-pH environment of the stomach. To more fully understand the kinetics of E. coli O157:H7 survival in gastric fluid, individual E. coli O157:H7 strains were suspended in various media (i.e., saline, cooked ground beef [CGB], and CGB containing a commercial antacid product [CGB+A]), mixed at various proportions with simulated human gastric fluid (SGF), and then incubated at 37degreesC for up to 4 h. The highest inactivation rate among nine E. coli O157:H7 strains was observed in saline. Specifically, the average survival rates in 100:1 and 10:1 proportions of SGF-saline were -1.344 +/- 0.564 and -0.997 +/- 0.388 log(10) CFU/h, respectively. In contrast, the average inactivation rate for 10 E. coli O157:H7 strains suspended in 10:1 SGF-CGB was -0.081 +/- 0.068, a rate that was 12-fold lower than that observed for SGF-saline. In comparison, the average inactivation rate for Shigella flexneri strain 5348 in 100:1 and 10:1 SGF-saline was -8.784 and -17.310, respectively. These latter inactivation rates were 7- to 17-fold higher than those for E. coli O157:H7 strains in SGF-saline and were 4-fold higher than those for E. coli O157:H7 strains in SGF-CGB. The survival rate of E. coli O157:H7 strain GFP80EC increased as the dose of antacid increased from one-half to twice the prescribed dose. A similar trend was observed for the matrix pH over the range of pH 1.6 to 5.7, indicating that pH is a primary factor affecting E. coli O157:H7 survival in SGF-CGB +A. These results can be used in risk assessment to define dose-response relationships for E. coli O157:H7 and to evaluate potential surrogate organisms. C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Microbial Food Safey Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tamplin, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Microbial Food Safey Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Ln, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM mtamplin@errc.ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 71 IS 1 BP 320 EP 325 DI 10.1128/AEM.71.1.320-325.2005 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 889QZ UT WOS:000226458800040 PM 15640204 ER PT J AU Calci, KR Meade, GK Tezloff, RC Kingsley, DH AF Calci, KR Meade, GK Tezloff, RC Kingsley, DH TI High-pressure inactivation of hepatitis A virus within oysters SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN ENTERIC VIRUSES; HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; MERCENARIA-MERCENARIA; SHELF-LIFE; SHELLFISH; MUSSELS; CLAMS; ACCUMULATION; DEPURATION; OUTBREAK AB Previous results demonstrated that hepatitis A virus (HAV) could be inactivated by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) (D. H. Kingsley, D. Hoover, E. Papafragkou, and G. P. Richards, J. Food Prot. 65:1605-1609, 2002); however, direct evaluation of HAV inactivation within contaminated oysters was not performed. In this study, we report confirmation that HAV within contaminated shellfish is inactivated by HHP. Shellfish were initially contaminated with HAV by using a flowthrough system. PFU reductions of > 1, > 2, and > 3 log(10) were observed for 1-min treatments at 350, 375, and 400 megapascals, respectively, within a temperature range of 8.7 to 10.3degreesC. Bioconcentration of nearly 6 log(10) PFU of HAV per oyster was achieved under simulated natural conditions. These results suggest that HHP treatment of raw shellfish will be a viable strategy for the reduction of infectious HAV. C1 Delaware State Univ, USDA ARS, WW Baker Ctr, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Dover, DE 19901 USA. US FDA, Natl Ctr Food Safety & Technol, Summit Argo, IL USA. US FDA, Gulf Coast Seafood Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. RP Kingsley, DH (reprint author), Delaware State Univ, USDA ARS, WW Baker Ctr, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Dover, DE 19901 USA. EM dkingsle@desu.edu NR 38 TC 82 Z9 88 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 71 IS 1 BP 339 EP 343 DI 10.1128/AEM.71.1.339-343.2005 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 889QZ UT WOS:000226458800043 PM 15640207 ER PT J AU Chen, YP Higgins, JA Feldlaufer, MF AF Chen, YP Higgins, JA Feldlaufer, MF TI Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis of deformed wing virus infection in the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID KASHMIR-BEE-VIRUS; MITE VARROA-JACOBSONI; PARALYSIS VIRUS; SCIENTIFIC NOTE; RT-PCR; COLONIES; TRANSMISSION; DESTRUCTOR; PATHOGENS; COLLAPSE AB Deformed wing virus (DWV) can cause wing deformity and premature death in adult honeybees, although like many other bee viruses, DWV generally persists as a latent infection with no apparent symptoms. Using reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and Southern hybridization, we detected DWV in all life stages of honeybees, including adults with and without deformed wings. We also found DWV in the parasitic mite Varroa destructor, suggesting that this mite may be involved in the transmission of DWV. However, the detection of the virus in life stages not normally associated with mite parasitism (i.e., eggs and larvae) suggests that there are other modes of transmission. The levels of DWV in different life stages of bees were investigated by using TaqMan real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The amounts of virus varied significantly in these different stages, and the highest levels occurred in pupae and in adult worker bees with deformed wings. The variability in virus titer may reflect the different abilities of bees to resist DWV infection and replication. The epidemiology of DWV is discussed, and factors such as mite infestation, malnutrition, and climate are also considered. C1 USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chen, YP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, BARC E, Bldg 476, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM chenj@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 126 Z9 139 U1 4 U2 27 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 71 IS 1 BP 436 EP 441 DI 10.1128/AEM.71.1.436-441.2005 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 889QZ UT WOS:000226458800055 PM 15640219 ER PT J AU Sassenrath, GF Adams, ER Williford, JR AF Sassenrath, GF Adams, ER Williford, JR TI Rapid sampling system for determination of cotton fiber quality spatial variability SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE cotton; harvesting; spatial variability; cotton fiber quality; geospatial sampling AB The introduction of accurate, reliable cotton yield monitors has increased the value of spatial information pertaining to cotton growth and yield potential, and has contributed to the development and incorporation of site-specific methodologies into cotton production systems. While knowledge of the spatial variability of cotton yield is important for developing profitable management strategies, cotton quality also contributes to the net return. Cotton fiber is graded for several properties, including physiological maturity. The price of the cotton is then derived from the measured fiber quality. Variability in cotton yield contributes substantially to differences in profitability from various regions within production fields. Variability in fiber quality parameters will contribute additional alterations in the profitability of field regions. Currently, the determination of spatial patterns of fiber quality is performed by hand-harvesting areas of research or production fields. While this provides some measure of the degree and extent of variability in fiber properties, hand harvesting is tedious, time consuming, and error prone. Moreover, hand-harvested cotton displays distinct differences in fiber properties from that harvested mechanically. The time and labor commitment to adequately sample a large production field makes hand harvesting untenable for rapid and accurate determination of spatial patterns of fiber quality. Our research examines the spatial variability, of fiber quality and quantity, with an end to delineating the underlying parameters contributing to that variability. To adequately address the variability of fiber production, we needed an accurate, rapid method of spatially sampling seed cotton for determination of lint properties. Moreover, to assure similarity between our measures of cotton fiber properties and those received by the producer or the gin, we needed a method of sampling the cotton after it had been mechanically harvested. We developed a sampling system that attaches to the transfer chute of the cotton harvester The sampling system diverts the harvested cotton from the picker basket to a small sampling bag, allowing rapid subsampling of the harvested cotton in a spatially registered location. The sampling system has been tested for two harvest seasons, and found to be a reasonable method to measure the spatial variability of cotton fiber. C1 USDA ARS, APTRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Sassenrath, GF (reprint author), USDA ARS, APTRU, POB 36, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM gsassenrath@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 1 BP 9 EP 14 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 897GW UT WOS:000226993000002 ER PT J AU Raper, RL AF Raper, RL TI Subsoiler shapes for site-specific tillage SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE draft; tillage; subsoil; compaction ID REQUIREMENTS AB Shanks designed to operate at a particular depth to disrupt compacted soil profiles may have excessive draft requirements when operated at depths other than originally intended. This may be particularly true for curved shanks, which tire designed to operate at a specific depth where draft is minimized. The use of site-specific technology may require that shanks operate at varying depths based on localized soil needs. Comparisons between an angled and a curved shank in two soil bins showed that reduced draft requirements were found for the angled shank in a sandy loam soil with a trend toward reduced draft for the angled shank in the clay loam soil. Similar amounts of soil disruption were found for both shanks with a trend indicating greater disruption for the curved shank. Producers who conduct subsoiling at varying depths throughout their field may want to minimize draft force by using an angled shank, but should recognize that their soil may not be maximally disrupted throughout the soil profile. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Raper, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM rtraper@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 897GW UT WOS:000226993000004 ER PT J AU Peterson, DL Bennedsen, BS AF Peterson, DL Bennedsen, BS TI Isolating damage from mechanical harvesting of apples SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE mechanical harvest; apple; damage; quality AB This research studied the performance of the ARS fruit-harvesting concept in relationship to apple removal efficiency and damage. There were no differences in apple removal efficiency orfruit quality between a single impulse or three rapid impulses when using the rapid displacement actuator (RDA) for fruit removal. In the canopy zone +/-300 mm (12 in.) from the impulse point of the RDA, removal was not significantly different between apples on short limbs and long/thin limbs. Removal outside that zone was lower and there was a significant difference between removal on short and long/thin limbs. The harvesting concept described in this article harvested 53% to 72% damage-free apples on five cultivars. Cuts and punctures were a serious problem, but bruising was also a factor limiting better quality. Apples growing inside the canopy were significantly more susceptible to damage than apples growing below the canopy. There were no significant differences in the amount of damage-free apples detached from short limbs and long/thin limbs. C1 USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. Royal Vet & Agr Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Taastrup, Denmark. RP Peterson, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM dpeterson@afrs.ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 1 BP 31 EP 34 PG 4 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 897GW UT WOS:000226993000005 ER PT J AU Anthony, WS AF Anthony, WS TI Moisture change of cotton bales during storage SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASAE Annual Meeting CY 2003 CL HONOLULU, HI SP ASAE DE ginning; packaging; baling; cotton; moisture AB The purpose of this research was to determine the moisture transfer and weight gain of universal density cotton bales packaged in different materials. Bagging materials investigated included both woven polypropylene bags with extrusion-coated strips to prevent fibrillation as well as similar bags that were fully coated on the interior to reduce contamination. Three bales each were ginned, packaged, and placed in four different types of bags - two types of woven polypropylene spiral sewn bags with alternating extrusion-coated and uncoated strips, and two types of fully coated bags. Initial moisture contents averaged 3.6%. The bales were stored for 140 days at 70% relative humidity (RH) and then at 50% RH for 88 additional days. Bales were weighed and measured for thickness twice each week. After 140 days, the strip-coated bales averaged 6.9% moisture and the fully coated bags averaged 5.3%. After an additional 88 days of storage at 50% RH, the strip-coated bales averaged 5.9% moisture and the fully coated bags still averaged 5.3%. The bales in the fully coated woven polypropylene bagging changed moisture much more slowly than those bales in the strip-coated materials. Bale thickness changed from as little as 0.3 cm (0.1 in.) to as much as 2.2 cm (0.8 in.) as moisture content changed for the bales in the four types of bagging. Fiber quality did not change during storage. C1 USDA ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Anthony, WS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, 111 Expt Stn Rd,POB 256, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM santhony@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 1 BP 35 EP 42 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 897GW UT WOS:000226993000006 ER PT J AU Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Fausey, NR Chen, C Peters, L Youn, H AF Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Fausey, NR Chen, C Peters, L Youn, H TI Important considerations for locating buried agricultural drainage pipe using ground penetrating radar SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASAE Annual Meeting CY 2003 CL HONOLULU, HI SP ASAE DE agricultural drainage pipe; near-surface geophysics; ground penetrating radar; computer processing procedures; equipment parameters; site conditions; field operations AB Enhancing the efficiency of soil water removal on land already containing a subsurface drainage system typically involves installing new drain lines between the old ones. However the older drainage pipes need to be located before this approach can be attempted. In ongoing research, a near-surface geophysical method, ground penetrating radar (GPR), has been successful in locating on average 72% of the total amount of drainage pipe present at 13 test plots in southwest, central, and northwest Ohio. The effective use of GPR for drainage pipe detection requires careful consideration of computer processing procedures, equipment parameters, site conditions, and field operations, all of which were thoroughly investigated it, this study. Application of a signal saturation correction filter along with a spreading and exponential compensation gain function were the computer processing steps most helpful for enhancing the drainage pipe response exhibited within GPR images of the soil profile. GPR amplitude maps that show the overall subsurface drainage pipe system required additional computer processing, which included 2-D migration, signal trace enveloping, and in some cases, a high frequency noise filter and a spatial background subtraction filter Equipment parameter test results indicate that a 250-MHz antenna frequency worked best, and that data quality is good over a range of spatial sampling intervals and signal trace stacking. In regard to the site conditions present, shallow hydrology, soil texture, and drainage pipe orientation all substantially influence the GPR response. Additionally, drainage pipe that are as small as 5 cm (2 in.) in diameter can be detected. However the fired clay or plastic material of which the drainage pipe is comprised does not appear to have much of an impact. Finally, with respect to GPR field operations, bidirectional surveys offer the best chance for finding all the buried drainage pipe possible, and for displaying a subsurface drainage system on an amplitude map, the narrower the spacing between GPR measurement lines, the better the result. Although it is important to note that the amplitude maps generated with a wider spacing between GPR measurement lines, still provided plenty of useful data on drainage pipe location. The information supplied by this study can be employed to formulate guidelines that will enhance the potential of success for using ground penetrating radar in locating buried agricultural drainage pipe. C1 USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Electrosci Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr,Room 234, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM allred.13@osu.edu RI Chen, Chi-Chih/O-2298-2013 OI Chen, Chi-Chih/0000-0001-6016-7708 NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 1 BP 71 EP 87 PG 17 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 897GW UT WOS:000226993000010 ER PT S AU Larrondo, LF Vicuna, R Cullen, D AF Larrondo, Luis F. Vicuna, Rafael Cullen, Dan BE Arora, DK Berka, RM TI Phanerochaete chrysosporium Genomics SO APPLIED MYCOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, VOL 5: GENES AND GENOMICS SE Applied Mycology and Biotechnology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WHITE-ROT FUNGUS; LIGNIN-DEGRADING BASIDIOMYCETE; ARYL-ALCOHOL OXIDASE; PEROXIDASE GENE FAMILY; ENCODING CELLOBIOSE DEHYDROGENASE; MANGANESE-DEPENDENT PEROXIDASE; DOMINANT SELECTABLE MARKER; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; MAIN ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE; WOOD-ROTTING FUNGI AB A high quality draft genome sequence has been generated for the lignocellulose-degrading basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Martinez et al. 2004). Analysis of the genome in the context of previously established genetics and physiology is presented. Transposable elements and their potential relationship to genes involved in lignin degradation are systematically outlined. Our current understanding of extracellular oxidative and hydrolytic systems is described. Areas of uncertainty are highlighted and future prospects discussed in light of the newly available genome data. C1 [Cullen, Dan] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Larrondo, Luis F.; Vicuna, Rafael] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Ciencias Biol, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Santiago, Chile. [Larrondo, Luis F.; Vicuna, Rafael] Inst Milenio Biol Fundamental & Aplicada, Santiago, Chile. RP Cullen, D (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM dcullen@facstaff.wisc.edu RI Larrondo, Luis/J-1086-2016 OI Larrondo, Luis/0000-0002-8832-7109 NR 262 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-5334 BN 978-0-444-51808-8 J9 APPL MYCOL BIOTECH PY 2005 VL 5 BP 315 EP 352 PG 38 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA BCK53 UT WOS:000310455900015 ER PT J AU Liu, YL Chen, YR Wang, CY Chan, DE Kim, MS AF Liu, YL Chen, YR Wang, CY Chan, DE Kim, MS TI Development of a simple algorithm for the detection of chilling injury in cucumbers from visible/near-infrared hyperspectral imaging SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy; visible/near-infrared spectroscopy; algorithm; cucumber; chilling injury; safety ID DEFECTS; SYSTEM AB Hyperspectral images of cucumbers under a variety of conditions were acquired to explore the potential for the detection of chilling-induced damage in whole cucumbers. Region of interest (1101) spectral features of chilling injured areas, resulting from chilling treatment at 0 degreesC, showed the reduction of reflectance intensity over the period at post-chilling room temperature (RT) storage. A large spectral difference between good, smooth skins and chilling-injured skins occurred in the 700-850 nm visible/near-infrared (NIR) region. Both simple band ratio algorithms and principal component analysis (PCA) were attempted to discriminate the ROI spectra of good cucumber skins from those of chilling injured ones. Results revealed that both the dual-band ratio algorithm (R-811nm/R-756nm) and a PCA model from a narrow spectral region of 733-848 nun can detect chilling-injured skins with a success rate of over 90%. The results also suggested that chilling injury is relatively difficult to detect at the initial post-chilling RT stage, especially during the first 0-2 days in storage, due to insignificant manifestation of chilling induced symptoms. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chen, YR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Bldg 303,BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM cheny@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 10 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 59 IS 1 BP 78 EP 85 DI 10.1366/0003702052940422 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 887NS UT WOS:000226313400010 PM 15720741 ER PT S AU Lutz, CG AF Lutz, CG BE Kelly, A Silverstein, J TI Production of turtle hatchlings SO AQUACULTURE IN THE 21ST CENTURY SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Aquaculture in the 21st Century CY AUG 22, 2001 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Fisheries Soc C1 Louisiana State Univ, USDA ARS, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Lutz, CG (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, USDA ARS, 2410 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. EM glutz@agctr.lsu.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 1-888569-71-9 J9 AM FISH S S PY 2005 VL 46 BP 209 EP 216 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA BEB75 UT WOS:000236608400009 ER PT S AU Ludwig, GM AF Ludwig, GM BE Kelly, A Silverstein, J TI White sucker culture SO AQUACULTURE IN THE 21ST CENTURY SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Aquaculture in the 21st Century CY AUG 22, 2001 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Fisheries Soc ID CATOSTOMUS-COMMERSONI; FISH EGGS; LOW PH; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; POPULATIONS; LAKES; TEMPERATURE; ONTARIO; ACIDITY C1 USDA ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Ludwig, GM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050,2955 Highway 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM gludwig@spa.ars.usda.gov NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 1-888569-71-9 J9 AM FISH S S PY 2005 VL 46 BP 591 EP 606 PG 16 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA BEB75 UT WOS:000236608400028 ER PT J AU Spencer, DF Ksander, GG Whitehand, LC AF Spencer, DF Ksander, GG Whitehand, LC TI Spatial and temporal variation in RGR and leaf quality of a clonal riparian plant: Arundo donax SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE phenology; giant reed; invasive plant; leaf N content ID GROWTH-RATE; PATTERNS; BIOMASS; POACEAE AB Arundo donax L. is a tall perennial reed classified as an emergent aquatic plant. In California, it has invaded riparian zones, where it acts as a transformer species. Because plant growth and leaf quality influence the effectiveness of management techniques, we sought to determine if these characters varied temporally and spatially in a northern California population of A. donax. Tissue C and N content and C:N ratio varied during the growing season. Leaf N was higher in spring and in plants that were closer to a stream. It was significantly negatively related to the clump's distance from the stream but not related to its elevation relative to the stream. Plants near the stream produced taller stems with more leaves per stem than those more distant from the stream. RGR differed across time and space. It was highest in spring prior to the appearance of flowers on a few stems that were > 1 year old within the clumps. Decline in RGR as the growing season progressed coincided with the appearance of branches and flowers on stems < 1 year old on a few plants within the studied population. RGR was significantly related to the N content and C:N ratio of leaves on mature stems (> 1 year old). This implies that the decrease in stem growth reflected changes in nutrient availability within the entire A. donax clump and not just in the growing stems (< 1 year old). These findings have implications for timing of management techniques. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USDA ARS, Biometr Serv, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Spencer, DF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Robbins Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dfspencer@ucdavis.edu NR 34 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 81 IS 1 BP 27 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2004.11.001 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 906DH UT WOS:000227620200003 ER PT J AU Mitchell, AD Scholz, AM Solomon, MB AF Mitchell, AD Scholz, AM Solomon, MB TI Estimation of body composition of pigs by a near-infrared interactance probe technique SO ARCHIV FUR TIERZUCHT-ARCHIVES OF ANIMAL BREEDING LA English DT Article DE NIR; near-infrared; body composition; pigs ID EARLY POST-MORTEM; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; QUALITY ATTRIBUTES; LONGISSIMUS TENDERNESS; INTRAMUSCULAR FAT; PORK QUALITY; PREDICTION; BEEF; MOISTURE; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AB Near-infrared (NIR) interactance was evaluated as a potentially new method for estimating live body and carcass composition of pigs. Using a surface placed fiber optic probe, measurements of the live animal and carcass were made on a total of 120 pigs. These measurements were compared with lipid and protein content of soft tissue dissected from the pig carcass. NIR results were evaluated using multiple regression equations containing NIR readings at various locations on the body, combinations of wavelengths and with or without ultrasonic fat depth readings and body weight. NIR measurements made on the carcass predicted percent carcass fat (R = 0.71) better than did measurements made on the live animal (R = 0.66), however, both could be improved substantially by including live body weight in the prediction equation (R = 0.93 and 0.91). Spectral information indicated that the depth of tissue penetration and reflectance may be the primary limitation in this application of the current technology. C1 USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Food Technol & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Munich, Lehr & Versuchsgut Tierarztlichen Fak, D-85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany. RP Mitchell, AD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mitchell@anri.barc.usda.gov OI Scholz, Armin Manfred/0000-0001-7075-0067 NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ARCHIV FUR TIERZUCHT PI DUMMERSTORF PA WILHELM-STAHL-ALLEE 2, D-18196 DUMMERSTORF, GERMANY SN 0003-9438 J9 ARCH TIERZUCHT JI Arch. Tierz.-Arch. Anim. Breed. PY 2005 VL 48 IS 6 BP 580 EP 591 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 987HP UT WOS:000233509300006 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, KG Min, BE Ryu, KH Adkins, S Wong, SM AF Srinivasan, KG Min, BE Ryu, KH Adkins, S Wong, SM TI Determination of complete nucleotide sequence of Hibiscus latent Singapore virus: Evidence for the presence of an internal poly(A) tract SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; DEPENDENT RNA-POLYMERASE; IN-VITRO; RIBOSOME ENTRY; COAT PROTEIN; GENOMIC RNA; HELICASE DOMAIN; TOBAMOVIRUS; TRANSLATION; REGION AB We have sequenced the complete genome of a hibiscus-infecting tobamovirus, Hibiscus latent Singapore virus (HLSV). The experimental host range of HLSV is similar to that of another distinct species of hibiscus infecting tobamovirus, Hibiscus latent Fort Pierce virus (HLFPV). The genomic structure of HLSV is similar to other tobamoviruses in general. It consists of a 5' untranslated region (UTR), followed by ORFs encoding for a 128 kDa protein and a 186 kDa readthrough protein, a 30 kDa movement protein ( MP), 18 kDa coat protein (CP) and a 3' UTR. The unique feature of HLSV is the presence of a poly( A) tract within its 3' UTR. In our previous work, we have reported MP and CP sequences of HLSV and its phylogenetic analysis. Here we report the complete nucleotide sequence of HLSV, phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 128/186 kDa ORFs and the presence of a uniquely located poly( A) tract within the 3' UTR. C1 Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117543, Singapore. Seoul Womens Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Plant Virus Genbank, Seoul, South Korea. ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Wong, SM (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, 14 Sci Dr 4,Kent Ridge, Singapore 117543, Singapore. EM dbswsm@nus.edu.sg RI Wong, Sek-Man/I-2385-2012 OI Wong, Sek-Man/0000-0002-4620-3706 NR 55 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 150 IS 1 BP 153 EP 166 DI 10.1007/s00705-004-0404-x PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 887QQ UT WOS:000226321000012 PM 15654508 ER PT J AU Chandler, DG Saxton, KE Busacca, AJ AF Chandler, DG Saxton, KE Busacca, AJ TI Predicting wind erodibility of loessial soils in the pacific northwest by particle sizing SO ARID LAND RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aridisols; Columbia Plateau; mollisols; particle-size distribution; soil erodibility; soil texture; wind tunnel ID SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; CHANNELED SCABLAND; EROSION; AGGREGATE AB Wind tunnel tests on silty textured loessial soils throughout the Columbia Plateau of eastern Washington state and northern central Oregon were used to define soil erodibiltiy for wind erosion predictions. Aggregate and primary particle size distributions were determined by common techniques and correlated with the wind tunnel erosion values. Dry aerodynamic particle sizing by a laser method was not useful due to disaggregation caused by the method, although it verified the upper size of sieving cuts. Neither wet dispersed nor aerodynamic techniques provided useful results for discriminating among the wind tunnel erodibility of the tested soils. A combination of standard wire-mesh and sonic sieving of dry aggregates from 30 mum to 2000 mum proved most applicable for correlation to soil mass eroded during wind tunnel field trails. Separate correlations were made for silty soils that are readily suspendible and sandy soils that are largely moved by saltation. Application of these correlations to wind erosion predictions will rely on developing additional relationships with the natural wind erodibility for these same soil classes. C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Biometeorol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Pullman, WA USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Geol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chandler, DG (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Biometeorol, 4820 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM david.chandler@usu.edu RI Chandler, David/E-4543-2013 OI Chandler, David/0000-0002-8662-2892 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1532-4982 J9 ARID LAND RES MANAG JI Arid Land Res. Manag. PD JAN-MAR PY 2005 VL 19 IS 1 BP 13 EP 27 DI 10.1080/15324980590887074 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA 886CY UT WOS:000226205700002 ER PT J AU Chiang, EP Smith, DE Selhub, J Dallal, G Wang, YC Roubenoff, R AF Chiang, EP Smith, DE Selhub, J Dallal, G Wang, YC Roubenoff, R TI Inflammation causes tissue-specific depletion of vitamin B-6 SO ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY LA English DT Article ID PYRIDOXAL 5'-PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATION; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; ACUTE-PHASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; RISK-FACTOR; DISEASE; METABOLISM AB Previously we observed strong and consistent associations between vitamin B-6 status and several indicators of inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical indicators, including the disability score, the length of morning stiffness, and the degree of pain, and biochemical markers, including the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels, were found to be inversely correlated with circulating vitamin B-6 levels. Such strong associations imply that impaired vitamin B-6 status in these patients results from inflammation. In the present study we examined whether inflammation directly alters vitamin B-6 tissue contents and its excretion in vivo. A cross-sectional case-controlled human clinical trial was performed in parallel with experiments in an animal model of inflammation. Plasma and erythrocyte and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate concentrations, urinary 4-pyridoxic acid excretion, and the activity coefficient of erythrocyte aspartate aminotransferase were compared between patients and healthy subjects. Adjuvant arthritis was induced in rats for investigating hepatic and muscle contents as well as the urinary excretion of vitamin B-6 during acute and chronic inflammation. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had low plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate compared with healthy control subjects, but normal erythrocyte pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and urinary 4-pyridoxic acid excretion. Adjuvant arthritis in rats did not affect 4-pyridoxic acid excretion or muscle storage of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, but it resulted in significantly lower pyridoxal 5'-phosphate levels in circulation and in liver during inflammation. Inflammation induced a tissue-specific depletion of vitamin B-6. The low plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate levels seen in inflammation are unlikely to be due to insufficient intake or excessive vitamin B-6 excretion. Possible causes of decreased levels of vitamin B-6 are discussed. C1 Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Comparat Biol Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Vitamin Metab & Aging Lab JS, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Biostat Unit GD, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chiang, EP (reprint author), Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. EM chiangisabel@nchu.edu.tw FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000054, RR-00054] NR 36 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 4 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-6354 J9 ARTHRITIS RES THER JI Arthritis Res. Ther. PY 2005 VL 7 IS 6 BP R1254 EP R1262 DI 10.1186/ar1821 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 997TT UT WOS:000234272000019 PM 16277678 ER PT J AU Chiang, EPI Selhub, J Bagley, PJ Dallal, G Roubenoff, R AF Chiang, EPI Selhub, J Bagley, PJ Dallal, G Roubenoff, R TI Pyridoxine supplementation corrects vitamin B6 deficiency but does not improve inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis SO ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HOMOCYSTEINE METABOLISM; PLASMA HOMOCYST(E)INE; 4-PYRIDOXIC ACID; VASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK FACTOR; TRYPTOPHAN; EXCRETION; 5'-PHOSPHATE; ASSOCIATION AB Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have subnormal vitamin B6 status, both quantitatively and functionally. Abnormal vitamin B6 status in rheumatoid arthritis has been associated with spontaneous tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production and markers of inflammation, including C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Impaired vitamin B6 status could be a result of inflammation, and these patients may have higher demand for vitamin B6. The aim of this study was to determine if daily supplementation with 50 mg of pyridoxine for 30 days can correct the static and/or the functional abnormalities of vitamin B6 status seen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and further investigate if pyridoxine supplementation has any effects on the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha or IL-6 production of arthritis. This was a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study involving patients with rheumatoid arthritis with plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate below the 25th percentile of the Framingham Heart Cohort Study. Vitamin B6 status was assessed via plasma and erythrocyte pyridoxal 5'-phosphate concentrations, the erythrocyte aspartate aminotransferase activity coefficient (alpha EAST), net homocysteine increase in response to a methionine load test (Delta tHcy), and 24 h urinary xanthurenic acid (XA) excretion in response to a tryptophan load test. Urinary 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) was measured to examine the impact of pyridoxine treatment on vitamin B6 excretion in these patients. Pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-alpha and IL-6) production, C-reactive protein levels and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate before and after supplementation were also examined. Pyridoxine supplementation significantly improved plasma and erythrocyte pyridoxal 5'-phosphate concentrations, erythrocyte aEAST, urinary 4-PA, and XA excretion. These improvements were apparent regardless of baseline B6 levels. Pyridoxine supplementation also showed a trend (p < 0.09) towards a reduction in post-methionine load Delta tHcy. Supplementation did not affect pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Although pyridoxine supplementation did not suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine production in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the suboptimal vitamin B6 status seen in rheumatoid arthritis can be corrected by 50 mg pyridoxine supplementation for 30 days. Data from the present study suggest that patients with rheumatoid arthritis may have higher requirements for vitamin B6 than those in a normal healthy population. C1 Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, Taichung 402, Taiwan. Tufts Univ, Vitamin Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Biostat Unit, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts New England Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chiang, EPI (reprint author), Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung 402, Taiwan. EM chiangisabel@nchu.edu.tw RI Bagley, Pamela/N-1906-2015 OI Bagley, Pamela/0000-0002-1214-7814 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000054, RR-00054] NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-6354 J9 ARTHRITIS RES THER JI Arthritis Res. Ther. PY 2005 VL 7 IS 6 BP R1404 EP R1411 DI 10.1186/ar1839 PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 997TT UT WOS:000234272000034 PM 16277693 ER PT J AU Chung, KT Hungate, B Russell, JB AF Chung, KT Hungate, B Russell, JB TI Robert E. Hungate Deceased members SO ASM NEWS LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Univ Memphis, Dept Biol, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Chung, KT (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Dept Biol, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RI Hungate, Bruce/F-8991-2011 OI Hungate, Bruce/0000-0002-7337-1887 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0044-7897 J9 ASM NEWS JI ASM News PD JAN PY 2005 VL 71 IS 1 BP 42 EP 42 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 004EM UT WOS:000234734800017 ER PT J AU Whitman, SC Kurowska, EM Manthey, JA Daugherty, A AF Whitman, SC Kurowska, EM Manthey, JA Daugherty, A TI Nobiletin, a citrus flavonoid isolated from tangerines, selectively inhibits class A scavenger receptor-mediated metabolism of acetylated LDL by mouse macrophages SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE flavonoids; macrophages; acetylated LDL; foam cells; atherosclerosis ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; POLYMETHOXYLATED FLAVONES; BINDING-SITE; INFLAMMATION; DEGRADATION; ENDOCYTOSIS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; ACCUMULATION; FIBROBLASTS; NARINGENIN AB Flavonoids are a class of chemically related polyphenols that are nearly ubiquitous in nature. Of the more-than 4000 flavonoids thus identified, citrus fruit-derived flavonoids are suggested to have an inverse association with the occurrence of coronary heart disease via their ability, to reduce plasma cholesterol concentrations. Our current studies examined whether citrus flavonoids possess an additional anti atherogenic effect by modulating macrophage metabolism of the specific class A scavenger receptor (SR-A) ligand, acetylated LDL (acLDL). In this Study both acLDL-metabolism and SR-A expression by cultured murine J774A.1 macrophages was examined following 24 h pretreatment (100 muM),with the flavonoids: naringenin (from grapefruit), hesperetin (from oranges), and tangeretin and nobiletin (from tangerines). Of these flavonoids. only nobiletin inhibited (50-72%) acLDL metabolism as measured by both cellular cholesterol ester mass and [H-3]oleate incorporation into cholesterol esters. This nobiletin-mediated effect was specific for SR-A and not a global effect on lipoprotein metabolism by the macrophage. as all four citrus flavonoids significantly reduce the metabolism of beta-VLDL, which is primarily taken up by macrophages via the LDL receptor. Nevertheless, nobiletin did not affect SR-A protein expression. as measured by Western blot analysis. nor was cell surface expression of SR-A affected as measured by 4degreesC binding studies using [I-125]acLDL. In conclusion, our findings suggest that in addition to reducing plasma cholesterol concentrations. nobiletin may prevent atherosclerosis at the level of the vascular wall by inhibiting macrophage foam-cell formation. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Ottawa, Inst Heart, Dept Pathol, Lab Med & Cellular & Mol Med, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada. KGK Synergize Inc, London, ON, Canada. USDA ARS, Winter Haven, FL USA. Univ Kentucky, Gill Heart Inst, Div Cardiovasc Med, Lexington, KY USA. RP Whitman, SC (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Inst Heart, Dept Pathol, Lab Med & Cellular & Mol Med, 40 Ruskin St,Room H259A, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada. EM swhitman@ottawaheart.ca RI Daugherty, Alan/C-8282-2009 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL55487] NR 27 TC 88 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD JAN PY 2005 VL 178 IS 1 BP 25 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.07.034 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 889GL UT WOS:000226431400004 PM 15585197 ER PT J AU van Niekerk, JM Groenewald, JZ Farr, DF Fourie, PH Halleen, F Crous, PW AF van Niekerk, JM Groenewald, JZ Farr, DF Fourie, PH Halleen, F Crous, PW TI Reassessment of Phomopsis species on grapevines SO AUSTRALASIAN PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phomopsis; grapevines; Diaporthe perjuncta; taxonomy ID DEAD-ARM DISEASE; SHOOT BLIGHT; SOUTH-AFRICA; PEACH; TREES AB Ten species of Phomopsis have previously been identified from grapevines. Of these, P. viticola, the causal agent of Phomopsis cane and leaf spot, and P. vitimegaspora, the causal agent of swelling arm of grapevines, have been confirmed as severe pathogens of this host. Earlier taxonomic treatments of Phomopsis species chiefly distinguished taxa based on host specificity, cultural characteristics and morphology. More recent studies have indicated, however, that these characteristics can no longer be used to distinguish species of Phomopsis due to the wide host ranges of some species, and the morphological plasticity of others. Using morphology, DNA sequences (ITS-1, 5.8S, ITS-2) and pathogenicity data, 15 Phomopsis spp. were distinguished from grapevines in the present study. Diaporthe helianthi, a known pathogen of sunflowers, is for the first time reported from grapevines. A further six, presently unknown species of Phomopsis, are also distinguished from grapevines. A phylogenetic analysis of ITS data generated in this study distinguished three clades containing isolates previously identified as D. perjuncta. Based on type studies, the name D. viticola can be applied to collections from Portugal and Germany. A new species, D. australafricana, is proposed for South African and Australian isolates formerly treated as D. perjuncta or D. viticola. A description for D. perjuncta is provided based on newly designated lectotype and epitype specimens. D. perjuncta is distinguished from D. viticola and D. australafricana based on morphology and DNA phylogeny. Artificial inoculations of green grapevine shoots indicated that, of the species tested, P. amygdali, a known pathogen of peaches in the USA, and P. viticola were the most virulent. C1 Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Plant Pathol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. Cent Bur Schimmelcultures, Fungal Biodivers Ctr, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. ARS, USDA, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. ARC Infruitec Nietvoorbij, Dis Management, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa. RP Crous, PW (reprint author), Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Plant Pathol, Private Bag X1, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. EM crous@cbs.knaw.nl RI Groenewald, Johannes/F-4667-2011; Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012 OI Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825 NR 30 TC 74 Z9 80 U1 5 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0815-3191 EI 1448-6032 J9 AUSTRALAS PLANT PATH JI Austral. Plant Pathol. PY 2005 VL 34 IS 1 BP 27 EP 39 DI 10.1071/AP04072 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 909DG UT WOS:000227839000004 ER PT J AU McMaster, GS Wilhelm, WW Frank, AB AF McMaster, GS Wilhelm, WW Frank, AB TI Developmental sequences for simulating crop phenology for water-limiting conditions SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptation of Plants to Water-Limited Mediterranean Environments CY SEP 20-24, 2004 CL Perth, AUSTRALIA SP Grains Res & Dev Corp, Rural Ind Res & Dev Corp, Australia Acad Sci, Dept Agr Western Australia, Univ Western Australia, Australian Wheat Board, Australian Soc Plant Sci, Ctr Legumes Mediterranean Agr, Export Grain Ctr, Alcoa World Alumina Australia DE growth stages; water stress; shoot apex; development; GDD; growing degree-days; GEI; genotype by environment interaction ID CORN ZEA-MAYS; WINTER-WHEAT; LEAF-APPEARANCE; GROWTH-STAGES; BLACK LAYER; AIR-TEMPERATURE; DECIMAL CODE; SHOOT APEX; MAIZE; PHYLLOCHRON AB The timing, duration, and pace of developmental events, or phenology, are among the many responses of plants to limited soil water. Understanding and predicting plant responses to availability of soil water are important in improving the efficacy of management practices. However, the first steps towards gaining this understanding, summarising the complete developmental sequence of the shoot apex and correlating the timing of these events, have rarely been reported. Also, the effect of water-limiting conditions on crop phenology and shoot apex development is variable. The objective of this paper is to present the developmental sequence of the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and corn (Zea mays L.) shoot apices and correlate events in these sequences with growth stages for both well-watered and water-limiting conditions. We note that phenological responses to water availability occur at 3 different scales: among crops, among cultivars of a crop, and among growth stages within a cultivar or crop. Clearly, genotype x environment interaction affects the accuracy of predicting phenology. However, the fact that plants develop in an orderly, predictable pattern allows a general foundation for synthesising the complete sequence of developmental events of the shoot apex and correlate these with growth stages when water is not limiting. These patterns and relationships are the foundation to build upon in quantifying our understanding of crop phenology under water-limiting environments. C1 ARS, USDA, Great Plains Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Soil & Water Conservat Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP McMaster, GS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Great Plains Syst Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Greg.McMaster@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 13 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0004-9409 J9 AUST J AGR RES JI Aust. J. Agric. Res. PY 2005 VL 56 IS 11 BP 1277 EP 1288 DI 10.1071/AR05068 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 988DB UT WOS:000233570500019 ER PT J AU Price, HJ Hodnett, GL Burson, BL Dillon, SL Rooney, WL AF Price, HJ Hodnett, GL Burson, BL Dillon, SL Rooney, WL TI A Sorghum bicolor x S-macrospermum hybrid recovered by embryo rescue and culture SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID POLLEN-TUBE GROWTH; WHEAT TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; HORDEUM-BULBOSUM; CROSSABILITY; GERMINATION; EVOLUTION; SECALE; WILD; RYE AB Although exotic germplasm is extensively used in sorghum improvement programs, Sorghum species classified in sections other than Eu- sorghum have not been utilised as germplasm because of strong reproductive barriers involving pollen - pistil incompatibilities. S. macrospermum is of particular interest to sorghum breeders because of its close phylogenetic relationship and cytogenetic similarities to S. bicolor and its resistance to important sorghum pests and pathogens, such as sorghum midge and sorghum downy mildew. A vegetatively vigorous interspecific hybrid was obtained from a cross between a cytoplasmic male- sterile S. bicolor plant and S. macrospermum by using embryo rescue and in vitro culture techniques. The hybrid was morphologically intermediate to S. bicolor and S. macrospermum in leaf width, leaf pubescence, plant height, inflorescence morphology, chromosome number and nuclear DNA content. It was male- sterile like its ATx623 parent. The hybrid produced no offspring when used as the female parent in a backcross with S. bicolor. This is the first confirmed hybrid between S. bicolor and S. macrospermum, and to our knowledge, it is the first reported hybrid between S. bicolor and any Sorghum species outside the Eu- sorghum section. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, Heep Ctr 430, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Queensland Dept Primary Ind & Fisheries, Australian Trop Crops & Forages Collect, Biloela, Qld 4715, Australia. RP Price, HJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM hj-price@tamu.edu NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0067-1924 J9 AUST J BOT JI Aust. J. Bot. PY 2005 VL 53 IS 6 BP 579 EP 582 DI 10.1071/BT04213 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 969HQ UT WOS:000232225600010 ER PT J AU Freeman, TP Goolsby, JA Ozman, SK Nelson, DR AF Freeman, TP Goolsby, JA Ozman, SK Nelson, DR TI An ultrastructural study of the relationship between the mite Floracarus perrepae Knihinicki & Boczek (Acariformes : Eriophyidae) and the fern Lygodium microphyllum (Lygodiaceae) SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; electron microscopy; Florida everglades; host range; invasive species; mite-plant interactions ID WORLD CLIMBING FERN; INVASIVE WEED; AUSTRALIA; FLORIDA AB The ultrastructure of the mite Floracarus perrepae was investigated in relation to its host, Lygodium microphyllum, the Old World climbing fern. Floracarus perrepae has been suggested as a means of biological control for the fern, which is an aggressive weed in tropical areas. Feeding by the mite induces a change in the size of epidermal cells, and cell division is stimulated by mite feeding, causing the leaf margin to curl over into a roll with two to three windings. The enlarged epidermal layer greatly increases its cytoplasmic contents, which become a nutritive tissue for the mite and its progeny. Damage by the mite ultimately debilitates the fern. The structure and depth of stylet penetration by the mite, and the thickness of the epidermal cell wall of L. microphyllum, do not appear to account for the mite's differential ability to induce leaf rolling in its co-adapted host from south-east Queensland but not in the invasive genotype of the fern in Florida. F C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USDA ARS, Australian Biol Control Lab, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia. Univ Queensland, CRC Trop Plant Protect, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ Queensland, Dept Zool & Entomol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Freeman, TP (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM thomas.freeman@ndsu.nodak.edu NR 15 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING ASIA PI CARLTON PA 54 UNIVERSITY ST, P O BOX 378, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 1326-6756 J9 AUST J ENTOMOL JI Aust. J. Entomol. PY 2005 VL 44 BP 57 EP 61 DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2005.00425.x PN 1 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 889WM UT WOS:000226473500010 ER PT J AU Mound, LA Nakahara, S Day, MD AF Mound, LA Nakahara, S Day, MD TI Frankliniella lantanae sp n. (Thysanoptera : Thripidae), a polymorphic alien thrips damaging Lantana leaves in Australia SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE apterous; life history; Neotropical; new species; variation AB A new species of Frankliniella Karny, probably introduced to Australia from the Caribbean area, is described here as causing feeding damage to the young leaves of Lantana in south-eastern Queensland and northern New South Wales. The new species is unusual within this large, primarily Neotropical genus, in that it feeds only on leaves, not in flowers, and that adult females are either apterous or fully winged. Only 10 of the 160 described species of Frankliniella are known to exhibit wing reduction, and notes are given on these together with notes on the seven species of the genus that are not endemic to the New World. Life history studies, including sex and morph ratios, indicate that egg to adult can require as little as 12 d, but despite breeding well in greenhouses, the species is not known to develop large populations in the field in Australia. C1 CSIRO Entomol, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Alan Fletcher Res Stn, Sherwood, Qld 4075, Australia. RP Mound, LA (reprint author), CSIRO Entomol, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM laurence.mound@csiro.au RI Mound, Laurence/A-3967-2009 NR 7 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1326-6756 J9 AUST J ENTOMOL JI Aust. J. Entomol. PY 2005 VL 44 BP 279 EP 283 DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2005.00474.x PN 3 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 954IM UT WOS:000231148600007 ER PT J AU Goolsby, JA Zonneveld, R Makinson, JR Pemberton, RW AF Goolsby, JA Zonneveld, R Makinson, JR Pemberton, RW TI Host-range and cold temperature tolerance of Floracarus perrepae Knihinicki & Boczek (Acari : Eriophyidae), a potential biological-control agent of Lygodium microphyllum (Pteridophyta : Lygodiaceae) SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control of weeds; Eriophyidae; ferns; Florida Everglades; galls ID WORLD CLIMBING FERN; INVASIVE WEED; SPECIFICITY; MITE; ACARIFORMES; AUSTRALIA; FLORIDA AB The leaf galling eriophyid mite Floracarus perrepae is a widespread and damaging herbivore of Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum, across its native range in tropical and subtropical Asia and Australia; and was therefore selected as a candidate biological-control agent for the invasive fern in Florida, USA. The host testing of F. perrepae focused on Lygodium species from North America and the Neotropics, along with threatened or endangered ferns from Florida. Sporeling ferns were used for the initial no-choice screening and F. perrepae showed normal development on the Florida genotype of L. microphyllum with 33.0 +/- 4.6 mites per marginal leaf roll gall, modest development on the North American native Lygodium palmatum with 29.0 +/- 9.3 mites per roll, and minor development on six other fern species (4.0-0.3). Leaf rolls were induced only on Lygodium species and full rolls were common only on L. microphyllum. These same six non-target plant species were tested again as more mature plants in both no-choice and choice tests and F. perrepae developed only on L. microphyllum. Lethal minimum temperature and cold stress tests were also conducted on F. perrepae. These tests revealed that it would not likely establish north of USDA hardiness zone 8a (-9.5 to -12.2 degrees C), which means it would not overlap with L. palmatum from temperate North America. Our studies conclude that F. perrepae is specific to L. microphyllum, poses little or no risk to native or cultivated ferns in North and South America, and therefore should be considered for release in Florida. C1 ARS, USDA, Australian Biol Control Lab, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia. CSIRO Entomol, Australian Biol Control Lab, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia. ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Goolsby, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, BIRU, 2413 E Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM jgoolsby@weslaco.ars.usda.gov RI Zonneveld, Ryan/B-1769-2009; Makinson, Jeffrey/M-7031-2014 OI Makinson, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9870-5866 NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1326-6756 J9 AUST J ENTOMOL JI Aust. J. Entomol. PY 2005 VL 44 BP 321 EP 330 DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2005.00470.x PN 3 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 954IM UT WOS:000231148600015 ER PT J AU Rosebrough, RW McMurtry, JP Richards, MP Mitchell, AD Ramsay, TG Ashwell, CM AF Rosebrough, RW McMurtry, JP Richards, MP Mitchell, AD Ramsay, TG Ashwell, CM TI Interactions among endocrine, nutritional and genetic factors controlling metabolism in the broiler SO AVIAN AND POULTRY BIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE hepatic lipogenesis; metabolic hormones; endocrine system; nutrition; broiler ID CHICKEN MALIC ENZYME; FATTY-ACID SYNTHASE; UNCOUPLING PROTEIN HOMOLOG; TISSUE-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION; BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; THYROID-HORMONE; MESSENGER-RNA; EMBRYO HEPATOCYTES; LIPOGENIC ENZYMES AB Birds have the ability to store large quantities of excess energy in liver, adipose tissue and in the yolk of developing oocytes. Lipogenesis takes place primarily in the liver of birds and involves a series of linked, enzyme-catalyzed reactions comprising glycolysis, the citric acid cycle and fatty acid synthesis. Hepatic lipogenesis is subject to both nutritional and hormonal control. Adipose tissue serves primarily as a storage site for lipid, especially in the form of triglycerides with little lipogenesis occurring in this tissue Lipid accumulation by adipose tissue and the developing oocyte depends on a plasma lipid supply derived from hepatic lipogenesis as well as lipid absorbed from the diet. Hepatic lipogenesis and the export of lipid are crucial steps linked to fat accretion and oocyte growth and maturation (yolk formation) in egg-laying hens. The nutritional state of the bird, as determined by the amount and composition of feed consumed, dramatically affects heptic lipid metabolism. Variations in nutrient intake are communicated to the liver and other internal organs by alterations in the levels of hormones that respond to dietary changes. The present studies of changes in the levels of key metabolic hormones and hepatic expression of genes that code for selected lipogenic enzymes, lipid transport proteins, and uncoupling protein are important because they add to our understanding of the relationship between nutritional state and lipid metabolism, specifically as it relates to growth, body composition and reproductive performance in broiler chickens. C1 USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Growth Biol Lab,Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rosebrough, RW (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Growth Biol Lab,Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Rosebro@ANRI.BARC.USDA.GOV NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS PI ST ALBANS PA PO BOX 314, ST ALBANS AL1 4ZG, HERTS, ENGLAND SN 1470-2061 J9 AVIAN POULT BIOL REV JI Avian Poult. Biol. Rev. PY 2005 VL 16 IS 2 BP 95 EP 100 DI 10.3184/147020605783438778 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 944GN UT WOS:000230414900003 ER PT J AU Romeis, J Babendreier, D Wackers, FL Shanower, TG AF Romeis, J Babendreier, D Wackers, FL Shanower, TG TI Habitat and plant specificity of Trichogramma egg parasitoids - underlying mechanisms and implications SO BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE biological control; conservation biological control; food ecology; multi-trophic interactions; non-target effects; plant volatiles; trichomes ID EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; BRASSICAE BEZDENKO HYMENOPTERA; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA LEPIDOPTERA; ENHANCE BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; GEORGIA SOYBEAN FIELDS; SPRUCE BUDWORM EGGS; NATURAL ENEMIES; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS; SEARCHING BEHAVIOR; MICROPLITIS-CROCEIPES AB Egg parasitoids of the genus Trichogramma are among the most important and best-studied natural enemies worldwide. Parasitism levels by Trichogramma vary greatly among different habitats, plants or plant structures on which the host eggs are located. Here we summarise the published evidence on mechanisms that may underlie the observed variation in parasitism rates. These mechanisms include plant spacing, plant structure, plant surface structure and chemistry, plant volatiles and plant colour. In addition, plants can affect parasitoid behaviour and activity by providing carbohydrate food sources such as nectar to the adult wasps, and by affecting the nutritional quality of the host eggs for progeny development. Knowledge of plant and habitat factors that affect Trichogramma spp. efficacy has important implications for biological. control, and for assessing the risks that mass-released Trichogramma spp. may pose to non-target insects. (c) 2004 Elsevier GmbH. All. rights reserved. C1 Swiss Fed Res Stn Agroecol & Agr, Agroscope FAL Reckenholz, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. Ctr Terr Ecol, NIOO, KNAW, Netherlands Inst Ecol, NL-6666 GA Heteren, Netherlands. USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sydney, MT 59270 USA. RP Romeis, J (reprint author), Swiss Fed Res Stn Agroecol & Agr, Agroscope FAL Reckenholz, Reckenholzstr 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. EM joerg.romeis@fal.admin.ch RI Romeis, Joerg/J-5360-2013 NR 234 TC 66 Z9 71 U1 9 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1439-1791 EI 1618-0089 J9 BASIC APPL ECOL JI Basic Appl. Ecol. PY 2005 VL 6 IS 3 BP 215 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.baae.2004.10.004 PG 22 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 948UH UT WOS:000230740700001 ER PT B AU Houston, DR Rubin, BD Twery, MJ Steinman, JR AF Houston, DR Rubin, BD Twery, MJ Steinman, JR BE Evans, CA Lucas, JA Twery, MJ TI Spatial and temporal development of beech bark disease in the northeastern United States SO Beech Bark Disease: Proceedings of the Beech Bark Disease Symposium SE USDA FOREST SERVICE NORTHEASTERN RESEARCH STATION GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Beech Bark Symposium CY JUN 16-18, 2004 CL Saranac Lake, NY SP USDA Forest Serv, Paul Smiths Coll AB For most of a century beech bark disease has been spreading south and west from its point of introduction in Nova Scotia. The objective of this paper is to illustrate the impact of disease progression on beech trees across the northeastern United States. Beech trees were observed at each of 22 plots during summer months between 1979 and 1992. The plots were located throughout 7 States in the northeastern U.S. They are drawn from regions where BBD has been present for varying lengths of time, including some that have been affected for 50 years or more, and some that were first affected during the study. In general, plots were visited annually. Some areas were characterized by sharp increases in mortality shortly after the initial invasion of the disease and a subsequent lower constant mortality (consistent with a typical killing front and aftermath zone). In other cases, the killing front mortality was delayed or extended for decades. A small number of trees never became infested with scale, indicating probable strong resistance. Moreover, as many as 20% showed only slight scale activity, indicating probable partial resistance. Immediately following initial Nectria infection, trees that died quickly showed higher levels of fruiting than those that survived at least 5 years. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Danville, VT USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FS NE RES ST GT PY 2005 VL 133 BP 43 EP 47 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Forestry GA BDU95 UT WOS:000235519100006 ER PT B AU MacKenzie, M AF MacKenzie, M BE Evans, CA Lucas, JA Twery, MJ TI Survival of the fittest: Beech bark disease-resistant beech will leave more offspring SO Beech Bark Disease: Proceedings of the Beech Bark Disease Symposium SE USDA FOREST SERVICE NORTHEASTERN RESEARCH STATION GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Beech Bark Symposium CY JUN 16-18, 2004 CL Saranac Lake, NY SP USDA Forest Serv, Paul Smiths Coll AB In fully stocked (unthinned) stands on the Monongahela National Forest (MNF), beech bark disease (BBD)-resistant (canker-free) beech trees have the potential to leave more offspring than BBD-susceptible (heavily cankered) trees. Trees susceptible to BBD were replaced by red spruce seedlings and saplings (plot 1) or had their place in the tree canopy filled in by the expanding crowns of cucumber magnolia (plot 1), black cherry (plot 2), or sugar maple (plot 3). It is possible that some of these stands were cutover long before BBD arrived and thus represent stands of stump sprout origin and not seed origin. If this were the case, there would be clonal groups and thus potential pockets of BBD resistance. There were more suckers within 1.5 m of resistant trees than within the same distance of cankered trees and few or no suckers within 1.5 m of dead beech. These dead trees (genes) had already lost out in the struggle for survival. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP MacKenzie, M (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, 180 Canfield St, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FS NE RES ST GT PY 2005 VL 133 BP 65 EP 67 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Forestry GA BDU95 UT WOS:000235519100011 ER PT B AU Koch, JL Carey, DW AF Koch, JL Carey, DW BE Evans, CA Lucas, JA Twery, MJ TI The genetics of resistance of American beech to beech bark disease: Knowledge through 2004 SO Beech Bark Disease: Proceedings of the Beech Bark Disease Symposium SE USDA FOREST SERVICE NORTHEASTERN RESEARCH STATION GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Beech Bark Symposium CY JUN 16-18, 2004 CL Saranac Lake, NY SP USDA Forest Serv, Paul Smiths Coll ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; FAGUS-GRANDIFOLIA C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Northeastern Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Koch, JL (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Northeastern Res Stn, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FS NE RES ST GT PY 2005 VL 133 BP 98 EP 105 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Forestry GA BDU95 UT WOS:000235519100023 ER PT B AU Liebhold, A Morin, R Gottschalk, K Twardus, D AF Liebhold, A Morin, R Gottschalk, K Twardus, D BE Evans, CA Lucas, JA Twery, MJ TI The biogeography of beech bark invasion of N. America SO Beech Bark Disease: Proceedings of the Beech Bark Disease Symposium SE USDA FOREST SERVICE NORTHEASTERN RESEARCH STATION GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Beech Bark Symposium CY JUN 16-18, 2004 CL Saranac Lake, NY SP USDA Forest Serv, Paul Smiths Coll C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Liebhold, A (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 180 Canfield St, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FS NE RES ST GT PY 2005 VL 133 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Forestry GA BDU95 UT WOS:000235519100028 ER PT J AU Cook, MI Beissinger, SR Toranzos, GA Rodriguez, RA Arendt, WJ AF Cook, MI Beissinger, SR Toranzos, GA Rodriguez, RA Arendt, WJ TI Microbial infection affects egg viability and incubation behavior in a tropical passerine SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ambient temperature; egg viability; hatching asynchrony; onset of incubation; saprophytic microorganism; trans-shell transmission ID HATCHING ASYNCHRONY; BROOD REDUCTION; CLUTCH SIZE; HENS EGG; BIRDS; HATCHABILITY; CONSTRAINT; ONSET; SHELL; DUCKS AB Many avian species initiate incubation before clutch completion, which causes eggs to hatch asynchronously. This influences brood competitive dynamics and often results in nestling mortality. The prevailing hypotheses contend that parents incubate early because asynchronous hatching provides fitness benefits to parents or surviving offspring. An alternative idea is that early incubation is the best of a bad job because of the costs of delaying incubation to the viability of first-laid eggs. To explore this, we examined the potential for microbial infection, and the relative effects of infection and suboptimal development temperatures on the viability of pearly-eyed thrasher (Margarops fuscatus) eggs. We exposed newly laid eggs for 5 days at either end of a tropical altitudinal gradient and cleaned shells of half the eggs to reduce microbial growth. Uncleaned eggs were infected more than were cleaned eggs, and infection was greater for eggs exposed at the cool, humid site than at the hot, less humid site. Parentally incubated eggs, however, were not infected, suggesting that incubation limits infection. The consequence of exposure to infection and high ambient temperatures was a dramatic reduction in viability; cleaned eggs held at the cool site had the highest hatching success, which was significantly greater than for uncleaned eggs at this site and for cleaned eggs held at the hot site. This provides the first evidence that microbes can infect unincubated eggs of a wild bird, and that infection and ambient temperature act independently to reduce hatching success. These factors could affect avian life-history strategies in diverse habitats. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Ecosyst Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Sabana Res Stn, Inst Trop Forestry, Luqillo, PR 00773 USA. RP Cook, MI (reprint author), S Florida Water Management Dist, Everglades Div, 3301 Gun Club Rd, W Palm Beach, FL 33406 USA. EM mcook@sfwmd.gov RI Beissinger, Steven/F-3809-2012 NR 42 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1045-2249 J9 BEHAV ECOL JI Behav. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 16 IS 1 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1093/beheco/arh131 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 878RI UT WOS:000225663900006 ER PT J AU Johnson, CA Topoff, H Vander Meer, RK Lavine, B AF Johnson, CA Topoff, H Vander Meer, RK Lavine, B TI Do these eggs smell funny to you?: an experimental study of egg discrimination by hosts of the social parasite Polyergus breviceps (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dependent colony founding; colony integration; local adaptation; co-evolutionary processes; Formica ID SLAVE-MAKING ANT; CHEMICAL MIMICRY; DUFOURS GLAND; CUTICULAR HYDROCARBONS; HARPAGOXENUS-SUBLAEVIS; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION; COLONY FOUNDATION; SLAVEMAKING ANT; QUEENLESS ANT; RUFESCENS AB Social parasites exploit the behaviours of other social species. Infiltration of host systems involves a variety of mechanisms depending on the conditions within the host society and the needs of the social parasite. For many species of socially parasitic ants, colony establishment entails the usurpation of colonies of other species. This frequently involves the eviction or death of the host colony queen and the subsequent adoption of the invading queen. The social parasite queen achieves host worker acceptance by either manipulating the nest-mate recognition processes of the host or undergoing chemical modification. Little is known, however, about how host workers respond to social parasite eggs or whether host species defend against brood parasitism during parasite invasions. Host species are believed to adopt social parasite offspring because the recent common ancestry between many social parasites and their hosts may grant the sharing of certain characteristics such as chemical cues. Use of multiple host species, however, suggests other processes are needed for the social bond between host and parasite young to form. This study reports the findings of adoption bioassays in which eggs from a slave-maker ant, Polyergus breviceps, were offered to workers of two of its host species from unparasitised or newly parasitised nests to determine whether P. breviceps eggs generally elicit rearing behaviours from multiple host species. Comparisons of parasite egg survival until adulthood with conspecific egg survival reveal that workers of both host species, free-living or newly enslaved, do not typically accept slave-maker eggs. Both host species thus have sufficient discriminatory power to reject social parasite eggs although our hydrocarbon analysis indicates parasite eggs may be adapted to their local host species. Combined these results suggest that host rearing of P. breviceps eggs may reflect an evolutionary equilibrium that is maintained by probability and cost of recognition errors. C1 CUNY, Grad Sch, New York, NY USA. CUNY, Univ Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. ARS, Med & Vet Entomol Res Lab, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. Clarkson Univ, Dept Chem, Potsdam, NY USA. RP Johnson, CA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Aronoff Lab 314, 318 W 12th St, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM johnson.2746@osu.edu NR 65 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-5443 EI 1432-0762 J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 57 IS 3 BP 245 EP 255 DI 10.1007/s00265-004-0851-0 PG 11 WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 887JN UT WOS:000226302100006 ER PT J AU Wick, B Veldkamp, E de Mello, WZ Keller, M Crill, P AF Wick, B Veldkamp, E de Mello, WZ Keller, M Crill, P TI Nitrous oxide fluxes and nitrogen cycling along a pasture chronosequence in Central Amazonia, Brazil SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS; COSTA-RICA; EASTERN AMAZONIA; HUMID TROPICS; LAND-USE; SEASONAL-VARIATION; EXTRACTION METHOD; NO EMISSIONS; RAIN-FOREST; CARBON AB We studied nitrous oxide (N(2)O) fluxes and soil nitrogen (N) cycling following forest conversion to pasture in the central Amazon near Santarem, Para, Brazil. Two undisturbed forest sites and 27 pasture sites of 0.5 to 60 years were sampled once each during wet and dry seasons. In addition to soil-atmosphere fluxes of N(2)O we measured 27 soil chemical, soil microbiological and soil physical variables. Soil N(2)O fluxes were higher in the wet season than in the dry season. Fluxes of N(2)O from forest soils always exceeded fluxes from pasture soils and showed no consistent trend with pasture age. At our forest sites, nitrate was the dominant form of inorganic N both during wet and dry season. At our pasture sites nitrate generally dominated the inorganic N pools during the wet season and ammonium dominated during the dry season. Net mineralization and nitrification rates displayed large variations. During the dry season net immobilization of N was observed in some pastures. Compared to forest sites, young pasture sites (<= 2 years) had low microbial biomass N and protease activities. Protease activity and microbial biomass N peaked in pastures of intermediate age (4 to 8 years) followed by consistently lower values in older pasture (10 to 60 years). The C/N ratio of litter was low at the forest sites (similar to 25) and rapidly increased with pasture age reaching values of 60-70 at pastures of 15 years and older. Nitrous oxide emissions at our sites were controlled by C and N availability and soil aeration. Fluxes of N2O were negatively correlated to leaf litter C/N ratio, NH(4)(+)-N and the ratio of NO(3)(-)-N to the sum of NO(3)(-)-N + NH(4)(+)-N (indicators of N availability), and methane fluxes and bulk density (indicators of soil aeration status) during the wet season. During the dry season fluxes of N(2)O were positively correlated to microbial biomass N, beta-glucosidase activity, total inorganic N stocks and NH(4)(+)-N. In our study region, pastures of all age emitted less N(2)O than old-growth forests, because of a progressive decline in N availability with pasture age combined with strongly anaerobic conditions in some pastures during the wet season. C1 Humboldt Univ, Dept Soil Sci & Site Sci, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. Univ Gottingen, Inst Soil Sci & Foret Nutr, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. Univ Fed Fluminense, Inst Quim, Dept Geoquim, BR-24020007 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. USDA Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. Stockholm Univ, Dept Geol & Geochem, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Wick, B (reprint author), Humboldt Univ, Dept Soil Sci & Site Sci, Invalidenstr 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. EM barbara.wick@agrar.hu-berlin.de RI Veldkamp, Edzo/A-6660-2008; Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Crill, Patrick/0000-0003-1110-3059 NR 65 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 24 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2005 VL 2 IS 2 BP 175 EP 187 PG 13 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 024KX UT WOS:000236195000006 ER PT J AU Lopez, ML Gardea-Torresdey, JL Peralta-Videa, JR de la Rosa, G Armendariz, V Herrera, I Troiani, H Henning, J AF Lopez, ML Gardea-Torresdey, JL Peralta-Videa, JR de la Rosa, G Armendariz, V Herrera, I Troiani, H Henning, J TI Gold binding by native and chemically modified hops biomasses SO BIOINORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Applied Bioinorganic Chemistry CY APR, 2003 CL Guanajuato, MEXICO DE hops; chemical modification; Au nanoparticles; metal binding; Au recovery ID ALFALFA BIOMASS; METAL-IONS; RECOVERY; BIOSORPTION; REDUCTION; GOLD(III); REMOVAL AB Heavy metals from mining, smelting operations and other industrial processing facilities pollute wastewaters worldwide. Extraction of metals from industrial effluents has been widely studied due to the economic advantages and the relative case of technical implementation. Consequently, the search for new and improved methodologies for the recovery of gold has increased. In this particular research, the use of cone hops biomass (Humulus lupulus) was investigated as a new option for gold recovery. The results showed that the gold binding to native hops biomass was pH dependent from pH 2 to pH 6, with a maximum percentage binding at pH 3. Time dependency studies demonstrated that Au(III) binding to native and modified cone hops biomasses was found to be time independent at pH 2 while at pH 5, it was time dependent. Capacity experiments demonstrated that at pH 2, esterified hops biomass bound 33.4 mg Au/g of biomass, while native and hydrolyzed hops biomasses bound 28.2 and 12.0 mg Au/g of biomass, respectively. However, at pH 5 the binding capacities were 38.9, 37.8 and 11.4 mg of Au per gram of native, esterified and hydrolyzed hops biomasses, respectively. C1 Univ Texas, Environm Sci & Engn PhD Program, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Chem, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Gardea-Torresdey, JL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Environm Sci & Engn PhD Program, 500 W Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. EM jga.rdea@utep.edu NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU FREUND PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD PI LONDON PA STE 500, CHESHAM HOUSE, 150 REGENT ST, LONDON W1R 5FA, ENGLAND SN 1565-3633 J9 BIOINORG CHEM APPL JI Bioinorg. Chem. Appl. PY 2005 VL 3 IS 1-2 BP 29 EP 41 DI 10.1155/BCA.2005.29 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 928YU UT WOS:000229308800003 ER PT J AU Honeycutt, CW Griffin, TS He, ZQ AF Honeycutt, CW Griffin, TS He, ZQ TI Manure nitrogen availability: Dairy manure in northeast and central US soils SO BIOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE LA English DT Article ID CROP RESIDUE CARBON; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; ORGANIC-MATTER; AMENDED SOIL; HEAT UNITS; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; DIFFERENT TEXTURE; SHEEP MANURE; MINERALIZATION; DECOMPOSITION AB Accurate prediction of nitrogen (N) availability from manure is required for efficient utilization of this resource in crop production. This study was conducted to evaluate the impacts of temperature, water regime and selected soils on N availability from a liquid dairy (Bos taurus) manure. Two Maine soils [Caribou sandy loam (fine-loamy, mixed, frigid Typic Haplorthod) and `Newport' loam (unnamed variant of a Bangor silt loam; coarse-loamy, mixed, frigid Typic Haplorthod)] and an Illinois soil [Catlin silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Arguidoll)] were incubated in the laboratory at 11, 18 and 25 C under constant (60% water filled pore space, WFPS) and fluctuating (60 to 30% WFPS) water regimes, with and without dairy manure in a factorial arrangement. Ammonium concentrations increased immediately upon manure addition and declined thereafter as nitrate levels increased. Elevated NO3- levels reflected nitrification of NH4+ added in the manure, with little additional net mineralization of manure organic N. Temperature strongly influenced NO3- concentration over time, but this effect could be described with the thermal unit (degree day) concept. The fluctuating water regime had no significant impact on manure-derived NO3-, Changes in manure NO3- over thermal time could be described with a single exponential equation. However, less manure NO3- was observed in an Illinois soil than in two Maine soils. Separate particle size analysis and microbial community assessments indicate higher N immobilization potential in the Illinois soil. Because soil type strongly impacted N availability, it is clear that additional soils with ranges in several physical, chemical and biological properties should be investigated to quantify these relationships with manure N availability. C1 USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Honeycutt, CW (reprint author), USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM wayne.honeycutt@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 42 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU AB ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI OXFORD PA PO BOX 42 BICESTER, OXFORD OX26 6NW, ENGLAND SN 0144-8765 J9 BIOL AGRIC HORTIC JI Biol. Agric. Hortic. PY 2005 VL 23 IS 2 BP 199 EP 214 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 996XX UT WOS:000234210400006 ER PT J AU Montgomery, MB Ohno, T Griffin, TS Honeycutt, CW Fernanadez, IJ AF Montgomery, MB Ohno, T Griffin, TS Honeycutt, CW Fernanadez, IJ TI Phosphorus mineralization and availability in soil amended with biosolids and animal manures SO BIOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE LA English DT Article ID SLUDGE; ADSORPTION; PHOSPHATE; MEMBRANES; DYNAMICS; NITROGEN; SORPTION AB Land spreading of biosolids (sewage sludge) and animal manures on agricultural soils is a means of disposal that is both environmentally and economically attractive. As with any soil amendment, there is potential for adverse impact from the land application of these materials. Applying biosolid or manure to meet crop N requirements can often result in excessive P application. A greenhouse bioassay study was conducted to evaluate bioavailable P from biosolid and manure amendments and to determine the effectiveness of the modified Morgan soil test (pH 4.8, 1.25 M ammonium acetate) and an in situ anion exchange membrane resin P soil test (P (InSitu)) to estimate plant-available P in the amended soil. The effects of biosolid stabilization processes on P availability were investigated by using lime stabilized (LSB), composted (CB), anaerobically digested (ADB) and unstabilized (UB) biosolids. The three animal manures studied were: dairy (DM), poultry (PM), and swine (SM). Triple super phosphate (TSP) served as an inorganic reference. Cumulative net P uptake by ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was highest for DM and SM, intermediate for PM, LSB, UB and TSP, and lowest for CB and ADB. Soil test P levels measured by the Morgan and P-AEM Methods were highly correlated (r = 0.88, p = 0.01). The P uptake by ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) agreed well with predicted P availability, indicating that both the modified Morgan soil test and in situ exchange resin methods are appropriate for determining P availability in biosolid- and manure-amended agricultural soils. C1 Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. Univ Maine, USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Ohno, T (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, 5722 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM ohno@maine.edu NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU AB ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI OXFORD PA PO BOX 42 BICESTER, OXFORD OX26 6NW, ENGLAND SN 0144-8765 J9 BIOL AGRIC HORTIC JI Biol. Agric. Hortic. PY 2005 VL 22 IS 4 BP 321 EP 334 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 921EW UT WOS:000228748000002 ER PT J AU Goolsby, JA DeBarro, PJ Kirk, AA Sutherst, RW Canas, L Ciomperlik, MA Ellsworth, PC Gould, JR Hartley, DM Hoelmer, KA Naranjo, SE Rose, M Roltsch, WJ Ruiz, RA Pickett, CH Vacek, DC AF Goolsby, JA DeBarro, PJ Kirk, AA Sutherst, RW Canas, L Ciomperlik, MA Ellsworth, PC Gould, JR Hartley, DM Hoelmer, KA Naranjo, SE Rose, M Roltsch, WJ Ruiz, RA Pickett, CH Vacek, DC TI Post-release evaluation of biological control of Bemisia tabaci biotype "B" in the USA and the development of predictive tools to guide introductions for other countries SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Symposium CY OCT, 2000 CL NETHERLANDS DE climate matching; predictive evaluation; Eretmocerus; Encarsia; silverleaf whitefly; USA; Australia ID ERETMOCERUS HALDEMAN HYMENOPTERA; NATURAL ENEMIES; NEW-ZEALAND; ALEYRODIDAE; GENNADIUS; APHELINIDAE; HEMIPTERA; AUSTRALIA AB Climatic matching and pre-release performance evaluation were useful predictors of parasitoid establishment in a retrospective analysis of a classical biological control program against Bemisia tabaci biotype "B" in the USA. Laboratory evaluation of 19 imported and two indigenous parasitoid species in quarantine on B. tabaci showed that the Old World Eretmocerus spp, had the highest attack rate. The climate matching program CLIMEX was used to analyze the establishment patterns of five Old World Eretmocerus spp. introduced to the Western USA. The top matches +/-10% for the climate of the area of introduction and origin of the introduced parasitoids always included the species that established. The Old World Eretmocerus spp. came from regions characterized by many separate biotypes of B. tabaci other than "B," but are considered specialists of the B. tabaci complex as compared to the indigenous North American oligophagous Eretmocerus spp. This narrower host range and high attack rate combined with climatic adaptation may account for their establishment in the USA. A set of predictive tools and guidelines were used to select the best candidate for importation and possible release into Australia that has been recently invaded by the "B" biotype. The establishment patterns of the introduced Eretmocerus spp. and a comparison of climates of their respective locations in the USA were compared with the affected area in Australia. The best climatic match was the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas suggesting its dominant parasitoid, E. hayati ex. Pakistan be considered as the first candidate for evaluation as a biological control agent. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USDA ARS, Australian Biol Control Lab, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia. CSIRO, Indooroopilly, Qld, Australia. USDA ARS, European Biol Control Lab, Montferrier Sur Lez, France. Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH USA. USDA, APHIS, Mission Plant Protect Ctr, Edinburg, TX USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Maricopa, AZ USA. USDA, APHIS, Otis Methods Dev Ctr, Buzzards Bay, MA USA. CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia. USDA ARS, Western Cotton Res Lab, Maricopa, AZ USA. Bozeman Biol Control Inst, Bozeman, MT USA. CDFA, Biol Control Unit, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Goolsby, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Australian Biol Control Lab, 120 Meiers Rd, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia. EM john.goolsby@csiro.au RI Hartley, Diana/D-3556-2011; De Barro, Paul/C-1724-2008; OI Ellsworth, Peter/0000-0002-2485-0830 NR 36 TC 48 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2005 VL 32 IS 1 BP 70 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2004.07.012 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 889OA UT WOS:000226451100011 ER PT J AU Coetzee, JA Center, TD Byrne, MJ Hill, MP AF Coetzee, JA Center, TD Byrne, MJ Hill, MP TI Impact of the biocontrol agent Eccritotarsus catarinensis, a sap-feeding mirid, on the competitive performance of waterhyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Symposium CY OCT, 2000 CL NETHERLANDS DE Eccritotarsus catarinensis; Eichhornia crassipes; Pistia stratiotes; biological control; competition; herbivory; risk assessment ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; GRAZING OPTIMIZATION; ALTERNATIVE APPROACH; NUTRIENT STORAGE; SOUTH-AFRICA; MART. SOLMS; HOST-RANGE; GROWTH; HETEROPTERA; PHOSPHORUS AB The mirid, Eccritotarsus catarinensis, was released in South Africa to aid in the biological control of waterhyacinth (Eichhormia crassipes). Post-release evaluations are needed to quantify the mirid's impact on the weed in South Africa. The subtle feeding damage that it causes is not easily measured, but studies have shown that interactions with other plant stresses, e.g., plant competition, can often magnify impacts of plant-feeding insects. The impact of the mirid was therefore evaluated using an additive series analysis of competition between waterhyacinth and waterlettuce (Pistia stratiotes), as influenced by mirid herbivory. Competitive abilities of waterlettuce and waterhyacinth were determined using an inverse linear model with plant weight as the yield variable. In the absence of herbivory, waterhyacinth was 23 times more competitive than waterlettuce, but only 10 times more competitive when exposed to mirid feeding. Waterlettuce was only 0.9 times as aggressive as waterhyacinth that was free of herbivory, but 1.5 times as competitive when mirids were impacting waterhyacinth. Most importantly, in the presence of herbivory on waterhyacinth, interspecific competition coefficients from waterhyacinth on waterlettuce were no longer statistically significant. These results show that the mirid destabilizes waterhyacinth's competitive interactions between these two floating plant species, although impacts were subtle. This insect is unlikely to be an effective agent by itself, but it will be a useful complement to the existing biological control agents in South Africa. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, Ecophysiol Studies Res Grp, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. RP Coetzee, JA (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, Ecophysiol Studies Res Grp, Private Bag X3, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM julie@gecko.biol.wits.ac.za OI Byrne, Marcus/0000-0002-5155-2599 NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2005 VL 32 IS 1 BP 90 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2004.08.001 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 889OA UT WOS:000226451100013 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Ilan, DI Stuart, RJ McCoy, CW AF Shapiro-Ilan, DI Stuart, RJ McCoy, CW TI Characterization of biological control traits in the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis mexicana (MX4 strain) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Symposium CY OCT, 2000 CL NETHERLANDS DE beneficial traits; biological control; Entomopathogenic nematode; Heterorhabditis mexicana; steinernema ID DIAPREPES-ABBREVIATUS COLEOPTERA; STEINERNEMA-CARPOCAPSAE RHABDITIDA; N-SP RHABDITIDA; ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; WEEVIL COLEOPTERA; BLACK CUTWORM; NEW-JERSEY; CURCULIONIDAE; LARVAE; VIRULENCE AB Our objective was to estimate the biocontrol potential of the recently discovered species, Heterorhabditis mexicana (MX4 strain). In laboratory experiments, we compared H. mexicana to several other entornopathogenic nematodes for virulence to several insect pests, environmental tolerance (to heat, desiccation, and low oxygen levels), and host-seeking ability. H. mexicana expressed low or intermediate capabilities in all traits except in host-seeking ability and virulence to the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, for which no differences among nematodes were detected. Steinernema carpocapsae caused greater mortality in Agrotis ipsilon than H. mexicana and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora 1 day after exposure. Curculio caryae mortality in S. carpoeapsae treatments was higher than H. mexicana treatments but not different from Heterorhabditis megidis. Steinernema riobrave strains caused greater mortality in Diaprepes abbreviatus than H. mexicana, Heterorhabditis indica, H. bacteriophora, Steinernema feltiae, and S. carpocapsae. Heat tolerance was more than five-fold greater for S. riobrave than it was for H. mexicana, H. indica, and H. bacteriophora. Desiccation tolerance was greater in H. bacteriophora, S. carpocapsae, and S. feltiae than H. indica and least in H. mexicana. Mortality of nematodes following exposure to low oxygen levels was lowest in S. riobrave followed by Steinernema glaseri and higher in H. mexicana, H. bacteriophora, and H. indica. The apparent superiority of S. riobrave in heat and low oxygen tolerance is likely to be advantageous in biocontrol programs. We conclude that H. mexicana exhibits a cruiser type of search strategy and, relative to other entomopathogenic nematodes, generally possesses moderate abilities in biocontrol traits. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. Univ Florida, Ctr Agr Res & Educ, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. RP Shapiro-Ilan, DI (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM dshapiro@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2005 VL 32 IS 1 BP 97 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2004.08.004 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 889OA UT WOS:000226451100014 ER PT J AU Bruck, DJ AF Bruck, DJ TI Ecology of Metarhizium anisopliae in soilless potting media and the rhizosphere: implications for pest management SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Symposium CY OCT, 2000 CL NETHERLANDS DE Metarhizium anisopliae; Otiorhynchus sulcatus; fungal biology; rhizosphere colonization ID ENDOPHYTIC BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; OTIORHYNCHUS-SULCATUS COLEOPTERA; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS HUBNER; EXTRACELLULAR CHITINASE; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; CURCULIONIDAE LARVAE; BALSAMO VUILLEMIN; TEMPERATURE; SURVIVAL; CONIDIA AB Wholesale container-grown ornamentals are often maintained at the nursery for at least two growing seasons and are subject to infestation by black vine weevil (BVW), Otiorhynchus sulcatus F., for several months each year. Therefore, a potting media amendment aimed at controlling BVW needs to persist for an extended period of time. These studies were conducted to determine the persistence and ecology of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin incorporated into peat and bark-based potting media with and without a crab meal amendment in container-grown Picea abies 'Nidiformis.' Rooted cuttings of P. abies were planted into potting media amended with M. anisopliae (1 g of formulated product/L; similar to6 log(10) CFU/g dry potting media). The fungal population in bulk potting media was quantitatively determined using selective media at 14, 21, 28, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105, 119, 143, 175, 203, 231, 258, 287 and 342 days. The fungal population in the rhizosphere was quantitatively determined at 203, 231, 258, 287, and 342 days. M. anisopliae colonized the rhizosphere of P. abies and the fungal population in the rhizosphere was significantly greater than in the surrounding bulk media. M. anisophae persisted in the peat and bark-based potting media at 6.22 and 5.74 log(10) CFU/g dry potting media for 342 days, respectively. Bioassays using bark and peat-based potting media inoculated with M. anisopliae at 6 log(10) CFU/g dry potting media resulted in 93.5% and 97.5% infection of last instar BVW, respectively. P. abies roots inoculated with M. anisopliae infected 76% of 2nd-3rd instar BVW. Inoculation of roots with M. anisopliae represents a novel method for delivering entomopathogenic fungi and would greatly reduce application costs. Factors associated with fungal biology outside the host may be more important than virulence in a laboratory bioassay. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Bruck, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM bi-uckd@onid.orst.edu NR 42 TC 61 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 31 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2005 VL 32 IS 1 BP 155 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2004.09.003 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 889OA UT WOS:000226451100021 ER PT J AU Ferkovich, SM Shapiro, JP AF Ferkovich, SM Shapiro, JP TI Comparison of prey-derived and non-insect supplements on egg-laying of Orius insidiosus maintained on artificial diet as adults (vol 31, pg 57, 2004) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Correction C1 USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Ferkovich, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr,POB 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. EM sferkovich@gainesvilie.usda.ufl.edu NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2005 VL 32 IS 1 BP 180 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2004.09.009 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 889OA UT WOS:000226451100024 ER PT J AU Ferkovich, SM Shapiro, JP AF Ferkovich, SM Shapiro, JP TI Increased egg-laying in Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera : Anthocoridae) fed artificial diet supplemented with an embryonic cell line (vol 31, pg 11, 2004) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Correction C1 USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Ferkovich, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr,POB 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. EM sferkovich@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2005 VL 32 IS 1 BP 181 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2004.08.005 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 889OA UT WOS:000226451100025 ER PT J AU Schomberg, HH Endale, DM AF Schomberg, HH Endale, DM TI Cover crop effects on nitrogen mineralization and availability in conservation tillage cotton (vol 40, pg 398, 2004) SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Correction C1 USDA ARS, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA USA. RP Schomberg, HH (reprint author), USDA ARS, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, 1420 Expt Stn Rd, Watkinsville, GA USA. EM hhs@uga.edu NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD JAN PY 2005 VL 41 IS 1 BP 73 EP 74 DI 10.1007/s00374-004-0815-6 PG 2 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 893BG UT WOS:000226693700011 ER PT J AU Nonneman, D Rohrer, GA Wise, TH Lunstra, DD Ford, JJ AF Nonneman, D Rohrer, GA Wise, TH Lunstra, DD Ford, JJ TI A variant of porcine thyroxine-binding globulin has reduced affinity for thyroxine and is associated with testis size SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE developmental biology; follicle-stimulating hormone; mechanisms of hormone action; Sertoli cells; testis ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; IN-VITRO EXPRESSION; NEONATAL-HYPOTHYROIDISM; SPERM PRODUCTION; TESTICULAR SIZE; RESOURCE POPULATION; X-CHROMOSOME; MEISHAN; IDENTIFICATION AB The field of genomics applies the dissection of genetic differences toward an understanding of the biology of complex traits. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for testis size, plasma FSH in boars, and body composition (backfat) have been identified near the centromere on the X chromosome in a Meishan-White Composite resource population. Since thyroid function affects Sertoli cell development and adult testis size in rodents, and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) maps to this region on the porcine X chromosome, TBG was a positional candidate gene for testis size. We discovered a polymorphism in exon 2 of the porcine TBG gene that results in an amino acid change of the consensus histidine to an asparagine. This single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) resides in the ligand-binding domain of the mature polypeptide, and the Meishan allele is the conserved allele found in human, bovine, sheep, and rodent TBG. Binding studies indicate altered binding characteristics of the allelic variants of TBG with the asparagine (White Composite) isoform having significantly greater affinity for thyroxine than the histidine (Meishan) isoform. Alternate alleles in boars from the resource population are also significantly associated with testis weight. Therefore, this polymorphism in TBG is a candidate for the causative variation affecting testis size in boars. C1 USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Nonneman, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM nonneman@email.marc.usda.gov NR 45 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 BP 214 EP 220 DI 10.1095/biolreprod.104.031922 PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 882TF UT WOS:000225960500027 PM 15385420 ER PT J AU Echternkamp, SE Cushman, RA Christenson, RK AF Echternkamp, SE Cushman, RA Christenson, RK TI Increased mRNA expression for FSH receptor in small antral follicles in the ovarian cortex of twin-producing cattle. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 38th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 24-27, 2005 CL Ctr Rech Biol Reproduct, Quebec City, CANADA HO Ctr Rech Biol Reproduct C1 ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2005 SI SI BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 946EX UT WOS:000230556300114 ER PT J AU Ishida, S Matsuda-Minehata, F Qin, JW Iizuka, M Manabe, N Echternkamp, SE Christenson, RK Imakawa, K AF Ishida, S Matsuda-Minehata, F Qin, JW Iizuka, M Manabe, N Echternkamp, SE Christenson, RK Imakawa, K TI Regulation of ovine interferon-tau gene by a blastocyst specific transcription factor, CDX-2. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 38th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 24-27, 2005 CL Ctr Rech Biol Reproduct, Quebec City, CANADA HO Ctr Rech Biol Reproduct C1 Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Ibaraki, Japan. USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2005 SI SI BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 946EX UT WOS:000230556300115 ER PT J AU Conley, A Corbin, J Ford, J AF Conley, A Corbin, J Ford, J TI Brain aromatase in male and female pigs: Hypothalamic levels and identification of the tissue-specific form. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 38th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 24-27, 2005 CL Ctr Rech Biol Reproduct, Quebec City, CANADA HO Ctr Rech Biol Reproduct C1 ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2005 SI SI BP 113 EP 113 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 946EX UT WOS:000230556300202 ER PT J AU Nagler, J Cavileer, T Cyr, D Rexroad, C AF Nagler, J Cavileer, T Cyr, D Rexroad, C TI Estrogen receptor alpha-2: A novel isoform from the rainbow trout. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 38th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 24-27, 2005 CL Ctr Rech Biol Reproduct, Quebec City, CANADA HO Ctr Rech Biol Reproduct C1 Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. Univ Quebec, Pointe Claire, PQ, Canada. ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2005 SI SI BP 123 EP 123 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 946EX UT WOS:000230556300245 ER PT J AU Cushman, RA Allan, MF Christenson, RK Echternkamp, SE AF Cushman, RA Allan, MF Christenson, RK Echternkamp, SE TI Differential gene expression in the ovarain cortex of cows selected for multiple ovulations. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 38th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 24-27, 2005 CL Ctr Rech Biol Reproduct, Quebec City, CANADA HO Ctr Rech Biol Reproduct C1 ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2005 SI SI BP 188 EP 188 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 946EX UT WOS:000230556301068 ER PT B AU Tu, S Gehring, A Irwin, P AF Tu, S Gehring, A Irwin, P BE Tsuji, A Matsurnoto, M Maeda, M Kricka, LJ Stanley, PE TI Bioenergetic confirmation of viable pathogens in foods by ATP-bioluminescence SO Bioluminescence & Chemiluminescence: Progress and Perspectives LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence CY AUG 02-06, 2004 CL Yokohama, JAPAN C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tu, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-256-118-8 PY 2005 BP 445 EP 448 DI 10.1142/9789812702203_0106 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Optics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Optics GA BCM73 UT WOS:000230002300106 ER PT J AU da Costa, BMT Keasling, JD Cornish, K AF da Costa, BMT Keasling, JD Cornish, K TI Regulation of rubber biosynthetic rate and molecular weight in Hevea brasiliensis by metal cofactor SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID PARTHENIUM-ARGENTATUM GRAY; TRANSFERASE-ACTIVITY; CIS-1,4-POLYISOPRENE BIOSYNTHESIS; NATURAL-RUBBER; IN-VITRO; PARTICLES; PYROPHOSPHATE; INITIATION; GUAYULE; PLANTS AB Metal ion cofactors are necessary for prenyltransferase enzymes. Magnesium and manganese can be used as metal ion cofactor by rubber transferase (a cis-prenyltransferase) associated with purified rubber particles. The rubber initiation rate, biosynthetic rate, and molecular weight produced in vitro from Hevea brasiliensis rubber transferase is regulated by metal ion concentration. In addition, K-m(IPP.Mg) varies significantly with [Mg2+].K-m(IPP.Mg) decreases from 8000 +/- 600 muM at [Mg2+] = 4 mM to 68 +/- 10 muM at [Mg2+] = 8 mM and increases back to 970 +/- 70 muM at [Mg2+] = 30 mM. The highest affinity of rubber transferase for IPP.Mg occurred when [Mg2+] = A(max) (metal concentration that gives highest IPP incorporation rate). A metal ion is required for rubber biosynthesis, but an excess of metal ions interacts with the rubber transferase inhibiting its activity. The results suggest that H. brasiliensis could use [Mg2+] as a regulatory mechanism for rubber biosynthesis and molecular weight in vivo. C1 USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cornish, K (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM kcornish@yulex.com RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Cornish, Katrina/A-9773-2013 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 6 IS 1 BP 279 EP 289 DI 10.1021/bm049606w PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 887ZP UT WOS:000226344300037 PM 15638531 ER PT J AU Kiniry, JR Cassida, KA Hussey, MA Muir, JP Ocumpaugh, WR Read, JC Reed, RL Sanderson, MA Venuto, BC Williams, JR AF Kiniry, JR Cassida, KA Hussey, MA Muir, JP Ocumpaugh, WR Read, JC Reed, RL Sanderson, MA Venuto, BC Williams, JR TI Switchgrass simulation by the ALMANAC model at diverse sites in the southern US SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE leaf area index; radiation-use efficiency; switchgrass; modeling ID ALAMO SWITCHGRASS; PRODUCTIVITY; EVAPORATION; MAIZE; TEXAS; CROP AB Simulation models for plant species important for biofuel such as switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) can be used to make management decisions related to biomass productivity and related to environmental impacts such as soil erosion and changes in surface and groundwater quality. The present study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of simulation of switchgrass biomass production by the ALMANAC (Agricultural Land Management Alternatives with Numerical Assessment Criteria) model at sites in Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana. We used multi-year field data for Alamo switchgrass yields at each of five sites to evaluate ALMANAC. The model realistically simulated mean switchgrass, yields at each of the locations and the total variability of all the data pooled, but did not perform as well in accounting for the year-to-year variability within some locations. Sensitivity analysis showed that changes in runoff curve number (CN) and changes in maximum stomatal conductance (GSI) had variable impacts on simulated values among the sites. A 15% change in CN changed mean annual biomass yield from 0% to 16% depending on location. Changing GSI from 4 to 8 mm s(-1) changed mean annual biomass from 1% to 31% depending on location. ALMANAC shows promise as a tool to realistically simulate mean biomass yields and variability around the mean for multi-year runs of switchgrass at these diverse sites. Further research, with more extensive measurements of soil parameters including soil nutrients is needed to determine why the model reasonably simulated individual years' yields at Stephenville, TX and Dallas, TX, but had difficulty at other sites. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76513 USA. WV USDA, ARS, AFSRC, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Agr Exp Sta, Stephenville, TX 76401 USA. Texas Agr Exp Sta, Beeville, TX 78102 USA. Texas Agr Exp Sta, Dallas, TX 75252 USA. Angelo State Univ, ASU Stn, San Angelo, TX 76909 USA. USDA ARS, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. Texas Agr Exp Sta, Temple, TX 76513 USA. RP Kiniry, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76513 USA. EM jkiniry@spa.ars.usda.gov; kcassida@afscr.ars.usda.gov; mhussey@tamu.edu; jmuir@ag.tamu.edu; ocumpaugh@bcni.net; j-read@tamu.edu; rod.reed@angelo.edu; matt.sanderson@ars.usda.gov; bvenuto@grl1.grl.ars.usda.gov; williams@brc.tamus.edu RI Langholtz, Matthew/B-9416-2012; OI Langholtz, Matthew/0000-0002-8153-7154; Muir, James/0000-0003-1775-8072 NR 22 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PY 2005 VL 29 IS 6 BP 419 EP 425 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2005.06.003 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 991BX UT WOS:000233788300002 ER PT J AU Liebig, MA Johnson, HA Hanson, JD Frank, AB AF Liebig, MA Johnson, HA Hanson, JD Frank, AB TI Soil carbon under switchgrass stands and cultivated cropland SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE carbon sequestration; root biomass; on-farm research; northern Great Plains; northern Cornbelt ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; ROOT-SYSTEM; MANAGEMENT; BIOMASS; CORN AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is considered to be a valuable bioenergy crop with significant potential to sequester soil organic carbon (SOC). A study was conducted to evaluate soil carbon stocks within established switchgrass stands and nearby cultivated cropland on farms throughout the northern Great Plains and northern Cornbelt. Soil from 42 paired switchgrass/cropland sites throughout MN, ND, and SD was sampled to a depth of 120 cm and analyzed for soil carbon in depth increments of 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-60, 60-90, and 90-120 cm. SOC was greater (P < 0.1) in switchgrass stands than cultivated cropland at 0-5, 30-60, and 60-90 cm. Differences in SOC between switchgrass stands and cultivated cropland were especially pronounced at deeper soil depths, where treatment differences were 7.74 and 4.35 Mg ha(-1) for the 30-60 and 60-90 cm depths, respectively. Greater root biomass below 30 cm in switchgrass likely contributed to trends in SOC between switchgrass stands and cultivated cropland. Switchgrass appears to be effective at storing SOC not just near the soil surface, but also at depths below 30 cm where carbon is less susceptible to mineralization and loss. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Liebig, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM liebigm@mandan.ars.usda.gov RI Liebig, Mark/A-2775-2009 NR 30 TC 96 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4 BP 347 EP 354 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2004.11.004 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 906GP UT WOS:000227629100001 ER PT J AU Pordesimo, LO Hames, BR Sokhansanj, S Edens, WC AF Pordesimo, LO Hames, BR Sokhansanj, S Edens, WC TI Variation in corn stover composition and energy content with crop maturity SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE corn stover; stover anatomical fractions; chemical composition; energy content; NIR spectroscopy ID DEGRADABILITY; DIGESTIBILITY; FRACTIONS; FORAGES AB How to harvest and process corn stover to maximize its quality as a fuel or industrial feedstock and minimize material losses are compelling issues in the industrial utilization of corn stover. The objectives of this investigation were to evaluate the variation in the chemical composition and energy content of aboveground components of the corn plant over time and to evaluate how composition changes after grain physiological maturity is reached and the plants are weathered while undergoing further field drying. Above ground biomass distribution and composition of two almost identical corn cultivars (Pioneer 32K61 and 32K64 Bt) were studied from an estimated 2 weeks before corn kernel physiological maturity until 4 weeks after the grain had already reached a moisture content suitable for combine harvesting. Compositional analysis of corn stover fractions gathered over the course of maturation, senescence, and weathering using NIR spectroscopy showed (1) a rapid drop in soluble glucan, (2) increase in lignin, and (3) increase in xylan. By day 151 after planting, about when grain from surrounding non-test plots was harvested at about 15.5% moisture, composition of the different fractions remained fairly constant. Since product yield in fermentation-based biomass conversion processes is proportional to the structural carbohydrate content of the feedstock, timing of stover collection and the proportion of anatomical fractions collected affect the quality of corn stover as fermentation feedstock. Since the energy content of corn stover anatomical fractions is shown to remain fairly constant over time and from one plant to another (16.7-20.9 kJ g(-1)), insofar as combustion processes are concerned, it apparently makes little difference which part of the plant is used, or at what time the material is harvested. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Pordesimo, LO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 303,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM pordesil@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 104 Z9 111 U1 3 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4 BP 366 EP 374 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2004.09.003 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 906GP UT WOS:000227629100003 ER PT J AU Gallagher, PW Brubaker, H Shapouri, H AF Gallagher, PW Brubaker, H Shapouri, H TI Plant size: Capital cost relationships in the dry mill ethanol industry SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE plant cost; plant capacity; ethanol; economies of scale; drymill AB Estimates suggest that capital costs typically increase less than proportionately with plant capacity in the dry mill ethanol industry because the estimated power factor is 0.836. However, capital costs increase more rapidly for ethanol than for a typical processing enterprise, judging by the average 0.6 factor rule. Some estimates also suggest a phase of decreasing unit costs followed by a phase of increasing costs. Nonetheless dry mills could be somewhat larger than the current industry standard, unless other scarce factors limit capacity expansion. Despite the statistical significance of an average cost-size relationship, average capital cost for plant of a given size at a particular location is still highly variable due to costs associated with unique circumstances, possibly water availability, utility access and environmental compliance. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. USDA, Off Energy Policy, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Gallagher, PW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, 481 Heady Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM paulg@iastate.edu NR 14 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PY 2005 VL 28 IS 6 BP 565 EP 571 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2005.01.001 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 929LQ UT WOS:000229348000004 ER PT J AU Evans, K AF Evans, K TI Effects of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations and anions on 1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidyleholine bilayers SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the Biopysical-Society CY FEB 12-16, 2005 CL Long Beach, CA SP Biopys Soc C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 88 IS 1 SU S BP 414A EP 414A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 888MM UT WOS:000226378502023 ER PT J AU Zubrzak, P Williams, H Coast, GM Zabrocki, J Strey, A Nachman, RJ AF Zubrzak, P Williams, H Coast, GM Zabrocki, J Strey, A Nachman, RJ TI beta-amino acid analogs of insect neuropeptides SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 19th American Peptide Symposium CY JUN 18-23, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Peptide Soc, AAPPTEC, Amer Peptide Co, Amer Hlth/GE Healthcare, Amgen Inc, BACHEM, BIOMOL Int, C S Bio Co, Cambridge Res Biochem, Chemico Int Inc, Chem Today, Eli Lilly & Co, ESCOM Sci Fdn, Genentech, Hofffman-La Roche Inc, Merck Res Lab, Midwest Bio-Tech Inc, NeoMPS Inc, New England BioLabs Inc, Novo Nordisk A/S, Peptides Int Inc, PharmaChem, PolyPeptide Lab Inc, RSP Amino Acide LLC, Senn Chem USA, Sinopep Pharmaceut Inc, SynPep Corp, Synthetech Inc, UCB Bioproducts Inc ID FAMILY C1 USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ London Birkbeck Coll, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London WC1E 7HX, England. Tech Univ Lodz, PL-90924 Lodz, Poland. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PY 2005 VL 80 IS 4 BP 551 EP 551 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 937CC UT WOS:000229901200313 ER PT J AU Vanotti, MB Millner, PD Hunt, PG Ellison, AQ AF Vanotti, MB Millner, PD Hunt, PG Ellison, AQ TI Removal of pathogen and indicator microorganisms from liquid swine manure in mufti-step biological and chemical treatment SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Recycling of Agricultural, Municipal and Industrial Residues in Agriculture CY MAY 14-18, 2002 CL Strbske Pleso, SLOVAKIA DE Salmonella spp.; manure treatment; pathogen inactivation; nitrification-denitrification; phosphorus removal; confined swine production AB Concern has greatly increased about the potential for contamination of water, food, and air by pathogens present in manure. We evaluated pathogen reduction in liquid swine manure in a mufti-stage treatment system where first the solids and liquid are separated with polymer, followed by biological nitrogen (N) removal using nitrification and denitrification, and then phosphorus (P) extraction through lime precipitation. Each step of the treatment system was analyzed for Salmonella and microbial indicators of fecal contamination (total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and enterococci). Before treatment, mean concentrations of Salmonella, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and enterococci were 3.89, 6.79, 6.23 and 5.73 log(10) colony forming units (cfu)/ml, respectively. The flushed manure contained 10,590 mg/l TSS, 8270 mg/l COD, 688 mg/l TKN and 480 mg/l TP, which were reduced >98% by the treatment system. Results showed a consistent trend in reduction of pathogens and microbial indicators as a result of each step in the treatment system. Solid-liquid separation decreased their concentrations by 0.5-1 log(10). Additional biological N removal treatment with alternating anoxic and oxic conditions achieved a higher reduction with average removals of 2.4 log(10) for Salmonella and 4.1-4.5 log(10) for indicator microbes. Subsequent P treatment decreased concentration of Salmonella and pathogen indicators to undetectable level (<0.3 log(10) cfu/ml) due to elevated process pH (10.3). Our results indicate that nitrification/denitrification treatment after solids separation is very effective in reducing pathogens in liquid swine manure and that the phosphorus removal step via alkaline calcium precipitation produces a sanitized effluent which may be important for biosecurity reasons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Res Ctr, St Florence, SC 29501 USA. USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Vanotti, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas, St Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM vanotti@florence.ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 96 IS 2 BP 209 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.biotech.2004.05.010 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 869AE UT WOS:000224953700011 PM 15381218 ER PT J AU Detmer, K Thompson, AJ Garner, RE Walker, AN Gaffield, W Dannawi, H AF Detmer, K Thompson, AJ Garner, RE Walker, AN Gaffield, W Dannawi, H TI Hedgehog signaling and cell cycle control in differentiating erythroid progenitors SO BLOOD CELLS MOLECULES AND DISEASES LA English DT Article DE cell cycle; erythroid differentiation; hedgehog signaling; CD34; CD36; hemoglobinization ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; MURINE YOLK-SAC; IN-VITRO; MOUSE EMBRYO; CORD-BLOOD; PROLIFERATION; CYCLOPAMINE; BMI-1; PRECURSORS; P21(CIP1/WAF1) AB Hedgehog (Hh) signaling regulates differentiation in numerous systems, but its functions in the control of hematopoietic differentiation have not been extensively explored. Initial studies have indicated that hedgehog signaling affects the proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitors (Detmer, K., et al., Erythroid differentiation in vitro is blocked by cyclopamine, an inhibitor of hedgehog signaling. Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 26(4) (2000) 360-372). To examine the effect of Hh signaling on the erythroid developmental program at the molecular level, Hh signaling in committed erythroid progenitors differentiating in vitro was inhibited, and the appearance/disappearance of molecular markers of erythroid differentiation was monitored. The expression timetable for CD34, CD36, the erythropoietin receptor, and glycophorin A was retarded in the absence of Hh signaling. Hemoglobinization was delayed and decreased relative to controls. Morphological changes of erythroid maturation were also delayed. The fraction of cells in S-phase was decreased during the initial period of exponential expansion as assessed by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry, as was the rate of tritiated thymidine incorporation. A modest decrease in the proliferation rate was observed. These results suggest that Hh signaling is one of the mechanisms in the regulation of erythroid proliferation and differentiation. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Mercer Univ, Sch Med, Div Basic Med Sci, Macon, GA 31207 USA. Mercer Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Macon, GA 31207 USA. USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Med Ctr Cent Georgia, Dept Pediat, Macon, GA 31208 USA. RP Detmer, K (reprint author), Mercer Univ, Sch Med, Div Basic Med Sci, 1550 Coll St, Macon, GA 31207 USA. EM detmer-km@mercer.edu NR 47 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1079-9796 J9 BLOOD CELL MOL DIS JI Blood Cells Mol. Dis. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 34 IS 1 BP 60 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.bcmd.2004.08.026 PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 886XT UT WOS:000226267100009 PM 15607701 ER PT J AU Ridpath, JF AF Ridpath, Julia F. BE Goyal, SM Ridpath, JF TI Classification and Molecular Biology SO BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS: DIAGNOSIS, MANAGEMENT, AND CONTROL LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA; SWINE-FEVER VIRUS; HOG-CHOLERA VIRUS; BORDER DISEASE VIRUS; NEUTRALIZING MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; UBIQUITIN-CODING SEQUENCES; FATAL MUCOSAL DISEASE; GLYCOPROTEIN E-RNS; 5'-UNTRANSLATED REGION; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION C1 ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Ridpath, JF (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. NR 165 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-47034-445-3 PY 2005 BP 65 EP 80 DI 10.1002/9780470344453.ch3 D2 10.1002/9780470344453 PG 16 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA BYH08 UT WOS:000298728300004 ER PT J AU Neill, JD AF Neill, John D. BE Goyal, SM Ridpath, JF TI Interactions of Virus and Host SO BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS: DIAGNOSIS, MANAGEMENT, AND CONTROL LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VIRAL-DIARRHEA-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; SWINE-FEVER VIRUS; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; INTERNAL RIBOSOME ENTRY; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; PRIME UNINFECTED MACROPHAGES; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; POLARIZED EPITHELIAL-CELLS; 5' NONTRANSLATED REGIONS C1 ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Neill, JD (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. NR 126 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-47034-445-3 PY 2005 BP 177 EP 195 DI 10.1002/9780470344453.ch11 D2 10.1002/9780470344453 PG 19 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA BYH08 UT WOS:000298728300012 ER PT J AU Ridpath, JF Goyal, SM AF Ridpath, Julia F. Goyal, Sagar M. BE Goyal, SM Ridpath, JF TI Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Diagnosis, Management, and Control Conclusions and Future Research SO BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS: DIAGNOSIS, MANAGEMENT, AND CONTROL LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID EXPERIMENTAL FETAL INFECTION; SEMEN; CATTLE; INSEMINATION; DISEASE; BVDV; BULLS; TRANSMISSION; ERADICATION; PESTIVIRUS C1 [Ridpath, Julia F.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Goyal, Sagar M.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Ridpath, JF (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-47034-445-3 PY 2005 BP 239 EP 243 DI 10.1002/9780470344453.ch15 D2 10.1002/9780470344453 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA BYH08 UT WOS:000298728300016 ER PT J AU Zimmermann, MC Salvo, VA Boue, SM Fonseca, JP Elliot, S Dugan, CM Zhu, Y Corbitt, C Collins-Burow, BM Weldon, CB Curiel, TJ Shih, BY Carter-Wientjes, C Wood, C Clarkson, TB Erhardt, P McLachlan, JA Cleveland, TE Beckman, BS Burow, ME AF Zimmermann, MC Salvo, VA Boue, SM Fonseca, JP Elliot, S Dugan, CM Zhu, Y Corbitt, C Collins-Burow, BM Weldon, CB Curiel, TJ Shih, BY Carter-Wientjes, C Wood, C Clarkson, TB Erhardt, P McLachlan, JA Cleveland, TE Beckman, BS Burow, ME TI Glyceollins (I-III), novel anti-estrogenic phytochemicals isolated from soy SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium CY DEC 08-11, 2005 CL San Antonio, TX SP San Antonio Canc Inst, Baylor Coll Med, an NCI-Designated Clin Canc Ctr, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Univ Texas San Antonio, Hlth Sci Ctr C1 Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Tulane Canc Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. Ctr Bioenvironm Res, New Orleans, LA USA. Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. Univ Toledo, Med Coll Ohio, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PY 2005 VL 94 SU 1 BP S202 EP S202 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 985VP UT WOS:000233407100548 ER PT J AU Choi, SW Friso, S Keyes, MK Mason, JB AF Choi, SW Friso, S Keyes, MK Mason, JB TI Folate supplementation increases genomic DNA methylation in the liver of elder rats SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE folate; DNA methylation; ageing; liver; rat ID S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DIETARY-FOLATE; AMINO-ACIDS; HYPOMETHYLATION; DEFICIENCY; DEPLETION; GENE; DECREASES AB The availability of folate is implicated as a determinant of DNA methylation, a functionally important feature of DNA. Nevertheless, when this phenomenon has been examined in the rodent model, the effect has not always been observed. Several reasons have been postulated for the inconsistency between studies: the rodent is less dependent on folate as a methyl source than man; juvenile animals, which most studies use, are more resistant to folate depletion than old animals; methods to measure genomic DNA methylation might not be sensitive enough to detect differences. We therefore examined the relationship between folate and genomic DNA methylation in an elder rat model with a newly developed method that can measure genomic DNA methylation sensitively and precisely. Thirty-nine 1-year-old rats were divided into three groups and fed a diet containing 0, 4.5 or 18 mumol folate/kg (folate-deplete, -replete and -supplemented groups, respectively). Rats were killed at 8 and 20 weeks. At both time points, mean liver folate concentrations increased incrementally between the folate-deplete, -replete and -supplemented rats (P for trend <0.001) and by 20 weeks hepatic DNA methylation also increased incrementally between the folate-deplete, -replete and -supplemented rats (P for trend=0.025). At both time points folate-supplemented rats had significantly increased levels of DNA methylation compared with folate-deplete rats (P<0.05). There was a strong correlation between hepatic folate concentration and genomic DNA methylation in the liver (r 0.48, P=0.004). In the liver of this animal model, dietary folate over a wide range of intakes modulates genomic DNA methylation. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Verona, Policlin GB Rossi, Dept Clin & Expt Med, I-37134 Verona, Italy. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Div Clin Nutr & Gastroenterol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Choi, SW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM sang.choi@tufts.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [K05 CA100048, R03 CA96004-02, U54 CA100971] NR 35 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 3 PU C A B I PUBLISHING PI WALLINGFORD PA C/O PUBLISHING DIVISION, WALLINGFORD OX10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 93 IS 1 BP 31 EP 35 DI 10.1079/BJN20041283 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 896FI UT WOS:000226919600006 PM 15705222 ER PT J AU Wortley, G Leusner, S Good, C Gugger, E Glahn, R AF Wortley, G Leusner, S Good, C Gugger, E Glahn, R TI Iron availability of a fortified processed wheat cereal: a comparison of fourteen iron forms using an in vitro digestion/human colonic adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2) cell model SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE iron availability; in vitro digestion; CaCo-2; wheat cereals; iron fortification ID CULTURE MODEL; ASCORBIC-ACID; ABSORPTION; BIOAVAILABILITY; TRANSPORT; HUMANS; FOOD; LINE AB In this three-phase study we first compared the availability of fourteen Fe forms in a wheat-based ready-to-eat breakfast cereal using an in vitro digestion/human colonic adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2) cell model. We then investigated the effect of milk and/or coffee on those fortified cereals found in phase 1 to show promising increases in Fe availability. The Fe forms assessed in phase 1 were reduced (control), carbonyl, electrolytic, FePO4, FeSO4, FeCO3, Na(2)FeEDTA, Ferrochel((R)) (Albion Laboratories, Clearfield, UT, USA; ferrous bis-glycinate), encapsulated ferrous fumarate, FeSO4, ferrous lactate and Biofer((R)) (LipoTech, Britwell Salome, Oxfordshire; FeSO4), SQM((R)) (Sea-Questra-Min Iron; Quali Tech, Chaska, MN, USA; polysaccharide-complexed FeSO4) and Sun Active((R)) (Taiyo Kagaku, Yokkaichi, Japan). All these forms increased Fe uptake compared with the unfortified cereal. Relative to the control, the following increases in Fe availability were observed: electrolytic, 52 %; ferrous fumarate, 30-35 %; Sun Active, 78 %; Ferrochel, 125 %; Na(2)FeEDTA, 291 %. Recent human studies have shown similar data with regard to Ferrochel, FeSO4 and Na(2)FeEDTA, with the latter being more bioavailable. Our phase-2 studies indicated that the addition of milk to FeSO4-fortified cereal increased Fe availability, but this availability was markedly decreased by the addition of coffee to the digest. Conversely, a loss in availability from Na(2)FeEDTA was observed with the addition of milk; however, the addition of coffee did not markedly affect Fe availability from this form. In phase-3 studies we observed increased Fe availability upon the addition of milk to cereals containing Ferrochel, FeSO4, Sun Active, a mixture of reduced Fe and Na(2)FeEDTA or reduced Fe. For these forms we did not assess the behaviour after the addition of coffee. In conclusion, when considering possible fortificants for optimizing Fe bioavailability within a foodstuff, it is of paramount importance to consider the interaction between the fortified foodstuffs and other components of the meal (such as milk and coffee with a breakfast). C1 USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Inst Food Res, Inst Food Res, Norwich NR4 7UA, Norfolk, England. Ottens Flavors, Philadelphia, PA USA. Gen Mills, Bell Inst Hlth & Nutr, Minneapolis, MN 55427 USA. RP Glahn, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rpg3@cornell.edu NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 8 PU C A B I PUBLISHING PI WALLINGFORD PA C/O PUBLISHING DIVISION, WALLINGFORD OX10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 93 IS 1 BP 65 EP 71 DI 10.1079/BJN20041294 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 896FI UT WOS:000226919600011 PM 15705227 ER PT J AU Gustafson, L Ellis, S Merrill, P Robinson, T MacPhee, D AF Gustafson, L Ellis, S Merrill, P Robinson, T MacPhee, D TI Mortality rates predict apparent prevalence of infectious salmon anemia (ISA) at two infected Atlantic salmon farms in Maine SO BULLETIN OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF FISH PATHOLOGISTS LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC KIDNEY SYNDROME; VIRUS ISAV; HEMAGGLUTININ GENE; NORTH-AMERICA; NEW-BRUNSWICK; RISK-FACTORS; SALAR L.; IDENTIFICATION; CANADA; NORWAY AB Infectious salmon anemia (ISA) control efforts strive for early diagnosis and removal of virus-infected cages, prior to large-scale dissemination of the virus. However, the prevalence of disease in cages of farmed Atlantic salmon affected by ISA virus (ISAV) is difficult to estimate without sampling extensive numbers of fish. We conducted a preliminary investigation of apparent virus prevalence and associated mortality rates on two Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) farms infected with a North American strain (NB/ME-2000) of ISAV in 2003/2004. We provide initial evidence that cage mortality rates may be sensitive field predictors of ISAV prevalence, even at very early stages of the disease. C1 USDA, APHIS Vet Serv, Eastport, ME 04631 USA. Micro Technol Inc, Richmond, ME 04357 USA. Maritime Vet Serv, St George, NB E5C 3H6, Canada. USDA, APHIS VS Natl Ctr Import & Export, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Gustafson, L (reprint author), USDA, APHIS Vet Serv, 16 Deep Cove Rd, Eastport, ME 04631 USA. EM Lori.L.Gustafson@aphis.usda.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU EUR ASSOC FISH PATHOLOGISTS PI ABERDEEN PA C/O DR DAVID BRUNO, MARINE LABORATORY, PO BOX 101, VICTORIA RD, ABERDEEN AB11 9DB, SCOTLAND SN 0108-0288 J9 B EUR ASSOC FISH PAT JI Bull. Eur. Assoc. Fish Pathol. PY 2005 VL 25 IS 5 BP 212 EP 220 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 981NF UT WOS:000233094600004 ER PT J AU Pasnik, DJ Evans, JJ Klesius, PH AF Pasnik, DJ Evans, JJ Klesius, PH TI Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, blood agar and the culture of fish bacterial pathogens SO BULLETIN OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF FISH PATHOLOGISTS LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-INIAE; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; SHILOI; GROWTH AB Fish blood agar (FBA) was made using blood from Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Four piscine bacterial isolates, Streptococcus iniae, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Edcoardsiella tarda, were chosen according to their different Gram stain, morphologic, and haernolytic characteristics. The isolates were plated on FBA and sheep blood agar (SBA) to compare relative growth according to agar used. Bacteria counts and colony morphology were not significantly different between the same isolates cultured on FBA or SBA. When comparing zones of haemolysis, only the S. iniae zones of haemolysis were significantly smaller on FBA than on the SBA. The results of this study showed that FBA did not have any bacteriological benefits over SBA. Moreover, SBA is easily obtained commercially and may be relatively inexpensive given the labour required for the husbandry of healthy fish, harvest of fish blood, and production of sterile FBA plates. However, FBA may be a suitable alternative to SBA when SBA is not readily available. C1 USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Chestertown, MD 21620 USA. RP Pasnik, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, 118 B Lynchburg St, Chestertown, MD 21620 USA. EM dpasnik@msa-stoneville.ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EUR ASSOC FISH PATHOLOGISTS PI ABERDEEN PA C/O DR DAVID BRUNO, MARINE LABORATORY, PO BOX 101, VICTORIA RD, ABERDEEN AB11 9DB, SCOTLAND SN 0108-0288 J9 B EUR ASSOC FISH PAT JI Bull. Eur. Assoc. Fish Pathol. PY 2005 VL 25 IS 5 BP 221 EP 227 PG 7 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 981NF UT WOS:000233094600005 ER PT J AU Hernandez, JR Eboh, DO Rossman, AY AF Hernandez, Jose R. Eboh, Dan O. Rossman, Amy Y. TI NEW REPORTS OF RUST FUNGI (UREDINALES) FROM NIGERIA SO CALDASIA LA English DT Article DE Africa; Coleosporium plumeriae; Dietelia codiaei; Endophyllum cassiae; Hemileia chlorocodonis; Puccinia mogiphanis AB Five species of rust fungi from Nigeria are treated. Coleosporium plumeriae and Puccinia mogiphanis (originally from tropical America) are reported for the first time from Africa. Hemileia chlorocodonis is reported for the first time in Nigeria and on a new host, Tacazzea apiculata (Apocynaceae). Descriptions and comments are provided for the relatively rare species Dietelia codiaei and Endophyllum cassiae. C1 [Hernandez, Jose R.; Rossman, Amy Y.] USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Eboh, Dan O.] Univ Nigeria, Fac Biol Sci, Nsukka, Anambre State, Nigeria. RP Hernandez, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jose@nt.ars-grin.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST CIENCIAS NATURALES, MUSEO HISTORIA NATURAL PI BOGOTA PA FAC CIENCIAS, UNIV NACIONAL COLOMBIA, APARTADO 7495, BOGOTA, 00000, COLOMBIA SN 0366-5232 J9 CALDASIA JI Caldasia PY 2005 VL 27 IS 2 BP 213 EP 221 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Zoology GA V30RW UT WOS:000208834100004 ER PT J AU Short, BD Bergh, JC AF Short, BD Bergh, JC TI Separation of three common hover fly predators of woolly apple aphid based on the exochorionic sculpturing of eggs SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID HOMOPTERA; SYRPHIDAE; REDUCTION; DIPTERA; GROWTH; ROOTS; TREES C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Bardane, WV 25430 USA. RP Bergh, JC (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, 592 Laurel Grove Rd, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. EM cbergh@vt.edu NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 393 WINSTON AVE, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K2A 1Y8, CANADA SN 0008-347X J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 137 IS 1 BP 67 EP 70 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 910KK UT WOS:000227929900004 ER PT J AU Kuenen, LPS Brandl, D Rice, RE AF Kuenen, LPS Brandl, D Rice, RE TI Modification of assembly of Pherocon((R)) IC traps speeds trap liner changes and reduces in-field preparation time SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Kuenen, LPS (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM bkuenen@fresno.ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 393 WINSTON AVE, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K2A 1Y8, CANADA SN 0008-347X J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 137 IS 1 BP 117 EP 119 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 910KK UT WOS:000227929900010 ER PT J AU Kennedy, BP Chamberlain, CP Blum, JD Nislow, KH Folt, CL AF Kennedy, BP Chamberlain, CP Blum, JD Nislow, KH Folt, CL TI Comparing naturally occurring stable isotopes of nitrogen, carbon, and strontium as markers for the rearing locations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SHAD ALOSA-SAPIDISSIMA; FOOD WEBS; RIVER; FISH; OTOLITHS; SIGNATURES; MIGRATION; RATIOS; DIET; POPULATIONS AB We compared the success of using naturally occurring stable isotopes of N, C, and Sr as markers for the rearing locations of juvenile salmon. We analyzed the isotopic signatures (delta(15)N and delta(13)C in muscle and scales and (87)Sr/(86)Sr in otoliths) of > 200 juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from 12 tributaries of the Connecticut River, USA. Young salmon had distinct N and C signatures 5 weeks after stocking. Signatures were stable over the summer although delta(13)C varied more than delta(15)N or (87)Sr/(86)Sr. Scale and muscle signatures were highly correlated, demonstrating the feasibility of nonlethal sampling using fish scales. Some C (but not N) signature from the hatchery was retained in scales of 3-month-old fish, implicating scale annuli as a repository for past C signatures. The delta(15)N values successfully differentiated fish from tributaries with differences in land use (e.g., agricultural versus forested; 33% of sites); the delta(13)C values differentiated fish from 45% of sites. Based upon a discriminant-function analysis, group membership of individuals was correctly predicted in 44.3% (74 of 167) of cases for which both N and C were analyzed. In combination, N and C isotopes differentiated 73% of study sites, which was close to the success of Sr isotopes in the same system (83%). C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Massachusetts, USDA, US Fisheries Serv, Northeastern Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Dept Sci Biol, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Kennedy, BP (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM kennedy@uidaho.edu NR 47 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 18 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 62 IS 1 BP 48 EP 57 DI 10.1139/F04-184 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 906AY UT WOS:000227614100005 ER PT J AU Wilzbach, MA Harvey, BC White, JL Nakamoto, RJ AF Wilzbach, MA Harvey, BC White, JL Nakamoto, RJ TI Effects of riparian canopy opening and salmon carcass addition on the abundance and growth of resident salmonids SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC SALMON; SMALL STREAMS; COHO SALMON; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; CLEAR-CUT; NUTRIENTS; NITROGEN; PRODUCTIVITY AB We studied the concurrent effects of riparian canopy opening and salmon carcass addition on salmonid biomass, density and growth rates in small streams over 2 years. In each of six streams in the Smith and Klamath River basins in northern California, red alder (Alnus rubra) and other hardwoods were removed along both banks of a 100-m reach to increase incident radiation. A second 100-m reach, with an intact canopy, was established in each stream as a light control. Salmon carcasses were added each year to both cut and uncut riparian sections in three of the six streams. Differences in total density and biomass of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from pretreatment levels responded positively to canopy removal but were not detectably affected by carcass addition. Differences in specific growth rates of the fish between open and closed canopy reaches were greater in sites without carcasses than in sites with carcasses. In light-limited settings where temperature gains associated with canopy opening are not problematic for aquatic resources, gains in salmonid production might be achieved by selective trimming of riparian hardwoods. C1 Humboldt State Univ, US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, California Cooperat Fish Res Unit, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. US Forest Serv, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Wilzbach, MA (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, California Cooperat Fish Res Unit, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM paw7002@humboldt.edu NR 41 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 21 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 62 IS 1 BP 58 EP 67 DI 10.1139/F04-177 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 906AY UT WOS:000227614100006 ER PT J AU Jones, PD Schimleck, LR Peter, GF Daniels, RF Clark III, A AF Jones, PD Schimleck, LR Peter, GF Daniels, RF Clark III, A TI Nondestructive estimation of Pinus taeda L. wood properties for samples from a wide range of sites in Georgia SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; INCREMENT CORES; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS; MICROFIBRIL ANGLE; CELLULOSE CONTENT; NIR SPECTROSCOPY; RADIATA; DENSITY; CALIBRATIONS AB Preliminary studies based on small sample sets show that near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has the potential for rapidly estimating many important wood properties. However, if NIR is to be used operationally, then calibrations using several hundred samples from a wide variety of growing conditions need to be developed and their performance tested on samples from new populations. In this study, 120 Pinus taeda L. (loblolly pine) radial strips (cut from increment cores) representing 15 different sites from three physiographic regions in Georgia ( USA) were characterized in terms of air-dry density, microfibril angle (MFA), and stiffness. NIR spectra were collected in 10-mm increments from the radial longitudinal surface of each strip and split into calibration (nine sites, 729 spectra) and prediction sets (six sites, 225 spectra). Calibrations were developed using untreated and mathematically treated (first and second derivative and multiplicative scatter correction) spectra. Strong correlations were obtained for all properties, the strongest R-2 values being 0.83 (density), 0.90 (MFA), and 0.93 (stiffness). When applied to the test set, good relationships were obtained (R-p(2) ranged from 0.80 to 0.90), but the accuracy of predictions varied depending on math treatment. The addition of a small number of cores from the prediction set (one core per new site) to the calibration set improved the accuracy of predictions and importantly minimized the differences obtained with the various math treatments. These results suggest that density, MFA, and stiffness can be estimated by NIR with sufficient accuracy to be used in operational settings. C1 Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Jones, PD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM pdj7477@owl.forestry.uga.edu NR 29 TC 81 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 35 IS 1 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.1139/X04-160 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 898JQ UT WOS:000227073500008 ER PT J AU Carvalho, JP Parresol, BR AF Carvalho, JP Parresol, BR TI A site model for Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica) stands using a dynamic algebraic difference equation SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID NORTH-CENTRAL ONTARIO; JACK PINE; HEIGHT-GROWTH; INDEX EQUATIONS; CURVES AB This paper presents a growth model for dominant-height and site-quality estimations for Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) stands. The Bertalanffy-Richards function is used with the generalized algebraic difference approach to derive a dynamic site equation. This allows dominant-height and site-index estimations in a compatible way, using any desirable base age and allowing estimations to be time independent, which are important properties for site models. The database contains all possible height-growth intervals. The model is fitted considering residual autocorrelation, giving more efficient parameter estimates. Finally, the model behavior is analyzed by calculating error statistics from dominant-height and site-index estimations at different ages. C1 Univ Tras os Montes & Alto Douro, Ctr Estudos Gestao & Ecossistemas, Dept Florestal, P-5000911 Vila Real, Portugal. US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Asheville, NC 28802 USA. RP Carvalho, JP (reprint author), Univ Tras os Montes & Alto Douro, Ctr Estudos Gestao & Ecossistemas, Dept Florestal, Quinta Prados,Apartado 1013, P-5000911 Vila Real, Portugal. EM jpfc@utad.pt NR 34 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 35 IS 1 BP 93 EP 99 DI 10.1139/X04-155 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 898JQ UT WOS:000227073500009 ER PT J AU Hawley, GJ Schaberg, PG DeHayes, DH Brissette, JC AF Hawley, GJ Schaberg, PG DeHayes, DH Brissette, JC TI Silviculture alters the genetic structure of an eastern hemlock forest in Maine, USA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID DOUGLAS-FIR; WHITE-PINE; DIVERSITY; SPRUCE; IMPACTS; CONSERVATION; REGENERATION; SELECTION; RESISTANT; ONTARIO AB We evaluated the influence of long-term silvicultural selection on the genetic structure of an eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.) forest at the Penobscot Experimental Forest, in Maine, USA. Plots in this forest received one of the following three treatments: (1) selection cuts in which small and poorly formed trees were preferentially removed in 1957 and 1977; (2) diameter-limit cuts in which trees at least 24 cm in diameter were removed in 1952, 1973, and 1994; or (3) no harvesting (an unmanaged control). Because of an association between the occurrence of rare alleles and tree phenotypes, phenotypically based tree removals were associated with a shift in allelic frequency. Where smaller trees with inferior phenotypes were preferentially removed (selection cut), the number of rare alleles and estimates of future genetic potential were lower than in the control group. Because of the theoretical long-term evolutionary benefit of unique gene forms, the loss of rare alleles could diminish the potential of populations to adapt to and survive ongoing environmental change. In contrast, alleles that were rare in the control group existed at a higher frequency in the diameter-limit cut. However, productivity was low in this stand, where the frequency of characteristically rare alleles was artificially amplified. C1 Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. US Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, USDA, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. US Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Hawley, GJ (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM Gary.Hawley@uvm.edu NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 35 IS 1 BP 143 EP 150 DI 10.1139/x04-148 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 898JQ UT WOS:000227073500014 ER PT J AU Tlusty, B van Berkum, P Graham, PH AF Tlusty, B van Berkum, P Graham, PH TI Characteristics of the rhizobia associated with Dalea spp. in the Ordway, Kellogg-Weaver Dunes, and Hayden prairies SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhizobium; Dalea; prairie; diversity; fragmentation; rep PCR ID BEAN PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; SP-NOV; LEGUMES; RESTORATION; DIVERSITY; SEQUENCE; REGION; DEFORESTATION; NODULATION AB Habitat fragmentation affects the biodiversity and function of aboveground organisms in natural ecosystems but has not been studied for effects on belowground species. In this paper, we consider the diversity of the rhizobia associated with the indigenous legume Dalea purpurea in 3 residual prairie areas in Minnesota and Iowa. Using Dalea purpurea as a trap host, 218 rhizobia were recovered from these soils then characterized using BOXA1R PCR. Three major and 13 minor groups were distinguished based on a similarity of greater than 75% in fingerprint patterns. Each major group consisted almost exclusively of rhizobia from a single prairie, with the diversity of Dalea rhizobia recovered from the Hayden Prairie less than that obtained with rhizobia from the other prairies. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, isolates from the Hayden, Ordway, and Kellogg-Weaver Dunes prairies were most similar to Rhizobium etli and Rhizobium leguminosarum, Rhizobium gallicum, and Mesorhizobium amorphae and Mesorhizobium huakuii, respectively. This variation in the dominant microsymbiont species across the 3 prairies studied was unexpected but could have been influenced by the limited number of samples that we were allowed to take, by unanticipated cross-nodulation between native legumes, and by variation in the range of legume species present in each residual prairie area. While some of the rhizobia from Dalea nodulated Phaseolus vulgaris, Macroptilium atropurpureum, Leucaena leucocephala, and Onobrychis viciifolia in addition to the Dalea species tested, others nodulated Astragalus canadensis or Amorpha canescens. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. USDA ARS, Soybea Genomics & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Graham, PH (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM pgraham@umn.edu NR 40 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4166 J9 CAN J MICROBIOL JI Can. J. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 51 IS 1 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1139/W04-107 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology GA 909DO UT WOS:000227840000003 PM 15782230 ER PT J AU Douds, DD Nagahashi, G Pfeffer, PE Kayser, WM Reider, C AF Douds, DD Nagahashi, G Pfeffer, PE Kayser, WM Reider, C TI On-farm production and utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the Canadian-Society-of-Agronomy/Canadian-Society-of-Soil-Science held in Conjunction with the 4th International Conference on Mycorrhizae CY AUG, 2003 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Canadian Soc Agronomy, Canadian Soc Soil Sci DE AM fungi; sustainable agriculture; biofertilizer ID ACID-INFERTILE SOILS; SAVANNA ECOSYSTEM; ORGANIC-MATTER; VAM-FUNGI; PHOSPHORUS; MANAGEMENT; MAIZE; COLONIZATION; FIELD; INOCULATION AB Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonize the roots of the majority of crop plants, forming a symbiosis that potentially enhances nutrient uptake, pest resistance, water relations, and soil aggregation. Inoculation with effective isolates of AM fungi is one way of ensuring the potential benefits of the symbiosis for plant production. Although inocula are available commercially, on-farm production of AM fungus inoculum would save farmers the associated processing and shipping costs. In addition, farmers could produce locally adapted isolates and generate a taxonomically diverse inoculum. On-farm inoculum production methods entail increasing inoculated isolates or indigenous AM fungi in fumigated or unfumigated field soil, respectively, or transplanting pre-colonized host plants into compost-based substrates. Subsequent delivery of the inoculum with seed to the planting hole in the field presents technological barriers that make these methods more viable in labor-intensive small farms. However, a readily available method for utilization of these inocula is mixing them into potting media for growth of vegetable seedlings for transplant to the field. Direct application of these inocula to the field and transplant of seedlings precolonized by these inocula have resulted in enhanced crop growth and yield. C1 USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. Stoneleigh Estate, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. Rodale Inst Expt Farm, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA. RP Douds, DD (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 60 TC 41 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 12 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 280 ALBERT ST, SUITE 900, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5G8, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 85 IS 1 BP 15 EP 21 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 916ZZ UT WOS:000228426900003 ER PT J AU Karn, JF Mayland, HF Berdahl, JD Asay, KH Jefferson, RG AF Karn, JF Mayland, HF Berdahl, JD Asay, KH Jefferson, RG TI Russian wildrye nutritive quality as affected by accession and environment SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE digestibility; crude protein; neutral detergent fiber; stage of plant development ID GRASS TETANY; INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; FORAGE QUALITY; TRAITS; YIELD; GENOTYPES AB High-quality forage for spring and fall grazing is an important need of ranchers in the Northern Great Plains and Intermountain-West regions of the United States of America and in the prairie provinces of Canada. Russian wildrye [Psathyrostachys juncea (Fischer) Nevski] has been used to meet this grazing need, especially in Canada. However, its use has probably been limited by its reputation for seedling establishment difficulties and scattered reports of grass tetany. The purpose of this research was to characterize the variation in nutritive quality of Russian wildrye accessions used in a multi-location grass tetany project, to access the effect of environment on quality components, and to determine the relationship between forage nutritive quality components and entities associated with grass tetany. Sixty-seven Russian wildrye accessions from the US National Plant Germplasm System were established in spaced-plant nurseries at Logan, UT, Mandan, ND, and Swift Current, SK, Canada. Plants were sampled at two stages of development over 2 yr. Location, year, and stage of development effects were significant (P < 0.01) for in vitro true dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), crude protein (CP), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). At the early stages of development used in this study the range in nutritive quality traits among entries was rather narrow. Relatively high positive correlation coefficients between K and IVDMD. and K and CP suggest that breeding for higher nutritive quality may also produce a more tetany-prone forage, because high K concentration is usually associated with grass tetany. On the other hand, Mg concentrations were also highly correlated with IVDMD and CP, and higher Mg concentrations would be beneficial in preventing grass tetany. The K/(Mg + Ca) ratio, which has been suggested as an indicator of grass tetany, was only moderately related to IVDMD, CP, and NDF. C1 USDA, ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, E Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. Agr & Agri Food Canada, Semiarid Prairie Agr Res Ctr, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA STE 1112, 141 LAURIER AVE WEST, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5J3, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 85 IS 1 BP 125 EP 133 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 916ZZ UT WOS:000228426900016 ER PT J AU Lee, JW O'Brien, CN Guidry, AJ Paape, MJ Shafer-Weaver, KA Zhao, X AF Lee, JW O'Brien, CN Guidry, AJ Paape, MJ Shafer-Weaver, KA Zhao, X TI Effect of a trivalent vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus mastitis lymphocyte subpopulations, antibody production, and neutrophil phagocytosis SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE LA English DT Article ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BOVINE-MILK; DAIRY HERDS; CONJUGATE; ADJUVANTS; RESPONSES; COWS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; ENCAPSULATION; MACROPHAGES AB The effect of a novel bovine mastitis trivalent vaccine, containing Staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharide type 5 (T5), 8 (T8), and 336 (T336), on lymphocyte subpopulations, antibody production, and neutrophil phagocytosis was evaluated. Twenty pregnant heifers were immunized with either the trivalent alone, trivalent emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FICA), trivalent in aluminum hydroxide, or adjuvant only (FICA). Immunization was done 30 d before the expected calving date followed by 2 boosts in a 2-week interval. Compared to FICA, serum antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G(1) and IgG(2) were significantly increased in all the vaccinated groups before parturition and sustained until 3 wk postpartum. In comparison with the trivalent alone, formulation with either adjuvant enhanced production of IgG(2), but not IgG(1). Immune sera, which contained the highest amount of antibodies, slightly increased neutrophil phagocytosis to the 3 serotypes of killed S. aureus, but most of the differences were not significant due to large variation between the cows. The percentage of CD4+ lymphocyte was significantly higher in vaccinated groups than that of FICA 4 wk after the primary immunization. In comparison with FICA, cows inoculated with trivalent vaccine and adjuvants had an increased percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes at 2 time points, 2 wk before and after calving. Our results indicated that the whole cell trivalent vaccine, with or without adjuvants, is able to elicit antibody responses specific to the 3 capsular polysaccharide antigens. The increase of T8-specific IgG(2) was more noticeable when the vaccine was emulsified with adjuvants. C1 McGill Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. USDA ARS, Immunol & Dis Resistance Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zhao, X (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. EM Xin.Zhao@mcgill.ca RI Zhao, Xin/M-4312-2015 OI Zhao, Xin/0000-0002-1078-7332 NR 34 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU CANADIAN VET MED ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA 339 BOOTH ST ATTN: KIMBERLY ALLEN-MCGILL, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1R 7K1, CANADA SN 0830-9000 J9 CAN J VET RES JI Can. J. Vet. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. Vet. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 69 IS 1 BP 11 EP 18 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 896UA UT WOS:000226958100002 PM 15745217 ER PT J AU Pratt, PD Quevedo, V Bernier, L Sustache, J Center, TD AF Pratt, PD Quevedo, V Bernier, L Sustache, J Center, TD TI Invasions of Puerto Rican wetlands by the Australian tree Melaleuca quinquenervia SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE invasive plants; naturalized populations; chemotypes; control strategies ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; OXYOPS-VITIOSA COLEOPTERA; SOUTH FLORIDA; PLANT VOLATILES; LIFE-HISTORY; CURCULIONIDAE; HORTICULTURE; MYRTACEAE; WEEVIL; GROWTH AB Invasion theory suggests that the probability of an introduced plant displacing native flora and fauna is related, in part, to its performance in other climatically similar, non-native ranges. Herein, we sought to determine if the Australian native Melaleuca quinquenervia, an insidious weed in the wetlands of Florida USA, has also invaded similar habitats on Puerto Rico. Four naturalized populations of the exotic tree were discovered in environmentally sensitive Puerto Rican wetlands, including the Tortuguero Lagoon basin and San Juan Bay Estuary. Consistent with many plant invasions, the most probable seed sources for these naturalized populations are nearby ornamental plantings. Densities of the three M. quinquenervia populations studied in detail varied dramatically among sites, ranging from 2400 to 36000 trees per ha and fell within the range of stands observed in Florida. The number of capsular, fruit produced per inflorescence is similar among Puerto Rico and Florida populations but markedly greater in comparison to its native range. In contrast, the number of seeds within fruits varied among stands and independently from geographic range. Unlike Florida, the rate of naturalization and the magnitude of invasion by M. quinquenervia is limited in Puerto Rico. We predict, therefore, that timely implementation of appropriate control tactics at this early stage of invasion with adequate follow-up efforts and continued vigilance will greatly enhance the probability of averting a large scale M. quinquenervia invasion in Puerto Rico. C1 USDA ARS, Invasive Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. Dept Recursos Nat & Ambientales, San Juan, PR 00906 USA. RP Pratt, PD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invasive Plant Res Lab, 3205 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM prattp@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2005 VL 41 IS 1 BP 42 EP 54 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 919WX UT WOS:000228649400006 ER PT J AU Currie, D Wunderle, JM Ewert, DN Anderson, MR Davis, A Turner, J AF Currie, D Wunderle, JM Ewert, DN Anderson, MR Davis, A Turner, J TI Habitat distribution of birds wintering in Central Andros, The Bahamas: Implications for management SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE avian habitat use; Dendroica kirtlandii; fire ecology; fire management; Geothlypis rostrata; Nearctic; Neotropical migrant birds; pine forest; Saurothera merlini ID OVERWINTERING NEARCTIC MIGRANTS; KIRTLANDS WARBLER AB We studied winter avian distribution in three representative pine-dominated habitats and three broadleaf habitats in an area recently designated as a National Park on Andros Island, The Bahamas, 1-23 February 2002. During 180 five-minute point counts, 1731 individuals were detected (1427 permanent residents and 304 winter residents) representing 51 species (29 permanent and 22 winter residents). Wood warblers (Family Parulidae) comprised the majority (81%) of winter residents. Total number of species and individuals (both winter and permanent residents) were generally highest in moderately disturbed pine-dominated habitats. The composition of winter bird communities differed between pine and broadleaf habitats; the extent of these differences was dependent broadleaf on composition and age in the pine understory. Fifteen bird species (nine permanent residents and six winter residents) exhibited significant habitat preferences. There was no significant difference in the degree of habitat specialization between permanent and winter residents. Most species occurred across a range of habitats; only three species were found in one habitat type. Intra-specific variation in detection of permanent and winter residents is discussed in relation to diet, habitat structure, and disturbance regime. Avian distribution in pine forest is also discussed in relation to fire frequency. C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Sabana Field Res Stn, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. USDA, US Forest Serv, Puerto Rico Conservat Fdn, Sabana Field Res Stn,Int Inst Trop Forestry, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. Nature Conservancy, Lansing, MI 48906 USA. Bahamas Natl Trust, Nassau, Bahamas. RP Wunderle, JM (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Sabana Field Res Stn, HC 0 Box 6205, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. EM Wunderle@coqui.net NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2005 VL 41 IS 1 BP 75 EP 87 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 919WX UT WOS:000228649400008 ER PT J AU Currie, D Wunderle, JM Ewert, DN Davis, A McKenzie, Z AF Currie, D Wunderle, JM Ewert, DN Davis, A McKenzie, Z TI Winter avian distribution and relative abundance in six terrestrial habitats on southern Eleuthera, The Bahamas SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE avian habitat use; Dendroica kirtlandii; disturbance ecology; Geothlypis rostrata; Nearctic-Neotropical migrant birds; Saurothera merlini ID OVERWINTERING NEARCTIC MIGRANTS; STATES VIRGIN-ISLANDS; BIRD POPULATIONS; KIRTLANDS WARBLER; HURRICANE HUGO; JAMAICA; FOREST; FRUITS AB We studied winter avian distribution and relative abundance in six common terrestrial broadleaf habitats, selected on a continuum of disturbance from recently disturbed (abandoned plantation) to mature vegetation (tall coppice), on the island of Eleuthera, The Bahamas. During 158-point counts conducted 22 January-10 March 2003, 1357 individuals were detected, comprising 33 species. Winter residents comprised 47% of species detected and 20% (248/1357) of individuals. The abundance of both permanent and winter residents was highest in taller, more mature vegetation (short and tall coppice) and lowest in more recently disturbed shorter vegetation (abandoned plantations). Four permanent residents: Vireo crassirostris, Loxigilla violacea, Tiaris bicolor, and Aramus guarauna; and three winter residents Geothlypis trichas, Dendroica palmarum, and Dumetella carolinensis were unevenly distributed among habitats; three (V. crassirostris, L. violacea, D. carolinensis) were more commonly detected in mature habitats and four (T. bicolor, A. guarauna, G. trichas, D. palmarum) in more recently disturbed environments. There were marked similarities in the composition of bird communities among all habitats; the largest differences were between the least and most disturbed habitats. There was little evidence of habitat specialization by either permanent or winter residents. Intra-specific variation in abundance of permanent and winter residents is discussed in relation to habitat structure and disturbance regimes. C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Sabana Field Res Stn, Int Inst Trop Forestry,Puerto Rico Conservat Fdn, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. Nature Conservancy, Lansing, MI 48906 USA. Bahamas Natl Trust, Nassau, Bahamas. RP Wunderle, JM (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Sabana Field Res Stn, Int Inst Trop Forestry,Puerto Rico Conservat Fdn, HC 02 Box 6205, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. EM Wunderle@coqui.net NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2005 VL 41 IS 1 BP 88 EP 100 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 919WX UT WOS:000228649400009 ER PT J AU Brandeis, TJ Rozo, MDS AF Brandeis, TJ Rozo, MDS TI Effects of model choice and forest structure on inventory-based estimations of Puerto Rican forest biomass SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biomass; forest inventory; Puerto Rico; Rio Grande de Arecibo ID TROPICAL FORESTS; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; LUQUILLO MOUNTAINS; LANDSCAPE-SCALE; ELFIN WOODLAND; RAIN-FORESTS; CARBON; REFORESTATION; REGENERATION AB Total aboveground live tree biomass in Puerto Rican lower montane wet, subtropical wet, subtropical moist and subtropical dry forests was estimated using data from two forest inventories and published regression equations. Multiple potentially-applicable published biomass models existed for some forested life zones, and their estimates tended to diverge with increasing tree diameter at breast height. Inventoried forests showed structural characteristics typical of secondary tropical forests and stand successional trends of increasing stem density from initial reversion to young closed forest, followed by a decrease in stem density and gradual increase in basal area and biomass as the stands developed. Stems with D(BH) < 10 cm contributed 9.9-50.9% of total aboveground biomass. When present, 50-90+ cm D(BH) trees greatly increased aboveground biomass values on individual plots, but these effects subsided when averaged over the forested landscape. Inherent variability in large-tree form combined with equations that extrapolate beyond the range of sampled trees impedes accurate aboveground biomass estimation for larger trees. Application of equations developed in areas that most closely match potential study sites should improve overall estimation accuracy of all forest stands, however, locally developed biomass equations are lacking for subtropical dry and perhaps subtropical moist forest life zones in Puerto Rico. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. Univ Puerto Rico, Coll Agr Sci, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. RP Brandeis, TJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 4700 Kingston Pike, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. EM tjbrandeis@fs.fed.us NR 62 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2005 VL 41 IS 2 BP 250 EP 268 PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 956UO UT WOS:000231325600007 ER PT J AU Arendt, WJ AF Arendt, WJ TI Shell properties, water vapor loss, and hatching success of eggs from a rain forest population of the pearly-eyed thrasher (Margarops fuscatus) SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE allometry; density; incubation; mass; Puerto Rico; volume; water balance; water vapor ID LUQUILLO-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; AVIAN EGG; INCUBATION BEHAVIOR; PUERTO-RICO; PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; BROOD REDUCTION; NEST PREDATION; SURFACE-AREA AB I calculated various shell properties, water vapor loss, and hatching success of eggs of the Pearly-eyed Thrasher (Margarops fuscatus) using measurements obtained during a long-term study in the Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico. Empirical results were comparable to standard reference formulae, demonstrating that published formulae can be used with confidence by field biologists studying this and other passerine birds laying prolate spheroid shaped eggs. Shell mass averaged 0.66 g and shell thickness averaged 0.12 mm. Egg surface area averaged 19.31 cm(2) (range=18.4-20.34 cm(2)) as derived from published allometric relationships. Observed and derived eggshell densities were 2.06 g/cm(3) and 2.05 g/cm(3), respectively. Average egg density was 1.32 g/cm(3). Water vapor flux resulted in an average egg-mass loss of 0.087 g each day, culminating in a 1.22-g reduction over the entire 14-d incubation period. Based on a fresh egg mass of 8.02 g, 3,009 fertile eggs lost 15.2% of their initial mass. Whereas the total loss of egg mass (in grams) was about the same for all eggs in the laying sequence, smaller (3(rd)-and 4(th)-laid) eggs lost a higher percentage of total mass than did the larger ones (1(st)-and 2(nd)-laid). There were inter-breeding season differences in mass (= water) loss. The rate of daily water loss increased significantly as the incubation period progressed. The pattern of increase was intermediate between that of small passerines and typical non-passerine species. Hatching success declined throughout the study due to environmental and biological factors. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Sabana Res Stn, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. RP Arendt, WJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Sabana Res Stn, HC 2 Box 6205, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. EM warendt@fs.fed.us NR 68 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2005 VL 41 IS 2 BP 283 EP 295 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 956UO UT WOS:000231325600010 ER PT S AU Woodsmith, RD Hassan, MA AF Woodsmith, Richard D. Hassan, Marwan A. BE Garcia, C Batalla, RJ TI Maintenance of an obstruction-forced pool in a gravel-bed channel: streamflow, channel morphology, and sediment transport SO CATCHMENT DYNAMICS AND RIVER PROCESSES: MEDITERRANEAN AND OTHER CLIMATE REGIONS SE Developments in Earth Surface Processes LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE pool-riffle; scour and fill; bed load; flow obstructions; mountain streams ID VELOCITY-REVERSAL HYPOTHESIS; BOUNDARY SHEAR-STRESS; LOAD TRANSPORT; BEDLOAD TRANSPORT; WOODY DEBRIS; LOCAL SCOUR; NORTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA; RIFFLE SEQUENCES; SURFACE TEXTURES; FLOW COMPETENCE AB Maintenance of pool morphology in a stream channel with a mobile bed requires hydraulic conditions at moderate to high flows that route bed load through the pool as it is delivered from upstream. Through field measurements of discharge, vertical velocity profiles, bed load transport, and streambed scour, fill, and grain-size distribution, we found that maintenance of a pool associated with a large, in-channel obstruction was more adequately explained by analogy to scour processes at bridge abutments than by the concept of velocity reversal. The cross-sectional area through the deepest part of the pool remained remarkably stable throughout a wide range in discharge magnitude. This occurred despite transport of significant quantities of bed load from upstream through the pool, well above and well below bankfull discharge and on rising as well as falling hydrograph limbs. There was no tendency for near-bed velocity or shear stress (averaged over the cross-sectional width of active bed load transport) at the pool centre to exceed that at the upstream riffle tail (pool head) or downstream riffle head (pool tail) as discharge increased up to at least 1.3 times bankfull. Fractional rates indicated that at the pool centre significant bed load transport was initiated and approached 100 g m(-1) s(-1) at notably lower mean bed shear stress than at the pool head or tail. Furthermore, incipient motion analyses suggested that mean bed shear stress entrainment thresholds were lower at the pool centre than at the pool head or tail. These findings indicated that total entrainment force in the pool was underestimated by average bed shear stress alone. Through inference, rather than direct measurement, we concluded that, as at bridge abutments, turbulent effects generated by interaction of streamflow with the obstruction added a component of total entrainment force. We further inferred that this combination of mean bed shear stress and instantaneous turbulent force was responsible for entrainment and transport of sediment, thereby maintaining pool morphology. This conceptual model of pool maintenance through a combination of mean bed shear stress and large-scale turbulent force suggests that flow obstructions in gravel-bed streams may be a dominant factor, perhaps as important as mean hydraulic variables or caliber and volume of sediment supply, in controlling local channel morphology and local bed load dynamics. C1 [Woodsmith, Richard D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Hassan, Marwan A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. RP Woodsmith, RD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 1133 N,Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM rwoodsmith@fs.fed.us NR 83 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-2025 BN 978-0-08-045782-6 J9 DEV EARTH S PY 2005 VL 7 BP 169 EP 196 PG 28 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA BCL68 UT WOS:000310640500012 ER PT J AU Biswas, A Sessa, DJ Lawton, JW Gordon, SH Willett, JL AF Biswas, A Sessa, DJ Lawton, JW Gordon, SH Willett, JL TI Microwave-assisted rapid modification of zein by octenyl succinic anhydride SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Corn is one of the most important food and industrial crops in the United States. Zein constitutes about half of the endosperm proteins in corn. Potential applications of zein include use in fibers, adhesives, inks, cosmetics, textiles, and chewing gum. Recently, attempts have been made to utilize zein for food coatings and biodegradable materials. The new applications of zein require it to be resistant to water. Thus, we are interested in new routes for chemical modification of zein (Biswas et al, unpublished). 2-Octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) is extensively used in modifying food starches. Our objective was to take advantage of OSA hydophobicity, flexibility, and compatibility with nonpolar groups and incorporate OSA onto zein. This OSA-modified zein would possess the best of both OSA and zein. A zein solution in dimethyl formamide (DNIF) was reacted with various levels of OSA to give modified zein. In a microwave reactor, the reactions proceeded tremendously fast and they were over in 5 min. The anhydride group of OSA reacted with the hydroxyl/amine group of zein to form ester/amide of zein. The reaction of OSA-modified zein was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and IR spectroscopy. The preliminary evaluation showed that zein and OSA-modified zein had comparable mechanical properties. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Biswas, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM biswasa@ncaur.usda.gov NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 82 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1094/CC-82-0001 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 889YQ UT WOS:000226479200001 ER PT J AU Chen, MH Bergman, CJ AF Chen, MH Bergman, CJ TI Influence of kernel maturity, milling degree, and milling quality on rice bran phytochemical concentrations SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID THICKNESS FRACTIONS; ORYZANOL; OIL AB Rice bran is a rich source of phytochemicals including tocopherols (T), tocotrienols (T3), and gamma-oryzanol that have purported positive effects on human health. The screening of germplasm to determine the genetic diversity influencing contents of these compounds requires knowledge of how sample preparation influences concentrations of the phytochemicals in rice bran. Obtaining this knowledge was the objective of this study. Cultivars with different milling qualities were all milled to different degrees. The differences in bran removal among cultivars decreased as the milling time increased. Samples that were milled for 30 and 40 sec (milled to the degree of 0.23-0.44% surface lipid content [SLC]) showed no significant differences in T and T3 concentrations in the bran within cultivars. Bran starch concentration affected the rankings of cultivars based on phytochemical contents. Expression of the gamma-oryanol concentration in bran after subtracting starch reduced the concentration differences resulting from differences in degree of milling (DOM). Bran from the mature thin kernels had phytochemical contents similar to that of the mature thick kernels milled for 30 sec. The immature thin kernels had significantly lower contents of most of the bran phytochemicals than did the mature kernel fractions. C1 Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. USDA ARS, Rice Res Unit, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. RP Bergman, CJ (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM bergman5@UNLV.nevada.edu NR 12 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 82 IS 1 BP 4 EP 8 DI 10.1094/CC-82-0004 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 889YQ UT WOS:000226479200002 ER PT J AU Xia, LQ Chen, F He, ZH Chen, XM Morris, CF AF Xia, LQ Chen, F He, ZH Chen, XM Morris, CF TI Occurrence of puroindoline alleles in Chinese winter wheats SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GRAIN HARDNESS; KERNEL HARDNESS; GENE-EXPRESSION; FRIABILIN; STARCH; SOFTNESS; SEQUENCE; PROTEIN AB Grain hardness is one of the most important characters that determine the end-use quality of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Mutations in genes encoding either puroindoline a (Pina) or b (Pinb) have been associated with hard grain texture, i.e., Pina null at Pina-D1 or seven mutations at Pinb-D1. In this study, the diversity of puroindoline alleles in 251 Chinese winter wheat cultivars and advanced lines from four major autumn-planted wheat regions were investigated. Among the examined cultivars, 79 were classified as soft, while 53 were mixed in hardness, and 119 were uniformly hard. Of these hard winter wheats, three of the seven reported mutation types were observed, with Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1b being the dominant type for hard texture; 91 genotypes carried this allele. Sixteen genotypes had the Pina-D1b allele, and two genotypes had the PinbD1d allele. A new mutation, designated as Pinb-D1p, was detected in 10 hard genotypes, with a single nucleotide (A) deletion corresponding to position 42 in the amino acid sequence of puroindoline b, involving a lysine (K) to asparagine (N) change, and leading to a shift in the open reading frame (ORF). This deletion disrupts the last part of the tryptophanrich domain, changing it from KWWK to NGGR, which is considered essential for the lipid-binding activity of this protein, and results in a stop codon corresponding to position Pro-60 in the amino acid sequence. The characterization of different hardness alleles provides useful information in understanding the mechanism underlying the formation of endosperm hardness while providing breeders the means of manipulating this important trait. C1 Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Natl Wheat Improvement Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. Chinese Acad Agr Sci, CIMMYT, China Off, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP He, ZH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Natl Wheat Improvement Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM zhhe@public3.bta.net.cn RI He, Zhonghu/E-1625-2015 NR 25 TC 39 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 3 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 82 IS 1 BP 38 EP 43 DI 10.1094/CC-82-0038 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 889YQ UT WOS:000226479200008 ER PT J AU Vignaux, N Doehlert, DC Elias, EM McMullen, MS Grant, LA Kianian, SF AF Vignaux, N Doehlert, DC Elias, EM McMullen, MS Grant, LA Kianian, SF TI Quality of spaghetti made from full and partial waxy durum wheat SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PASTING PROPERTIES; AMYLOSE CONTENT; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; STARCH GELATINIZATION; COOKING QUALITY; CEREAL STARCHES; RETROGRADATION; AMYLOPECTIN; FLOUR; COMPONENTS AB The waxy character is achieved in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) when the granule-bound starch synthase activity is eliminated. The result is a crop that produces kernels with no amylose in the starch. The presence of two Waxy loci in tetraploid wheat permits the production of two partial waxy wheat genotypes. Advanced full and partial waxy durum wheat genotypes were used to study the effect of waxy null alleles on pasta quality. Semolina from full and partial waxy durum wheats was processed into spaghetti with a semicommercial-scale extruder, and pasta quality was evaluated. Cooked waxy pasta was softer and exhibited more cooking loss than pasta made from traditional durum cultivars. These features were attributed to lower setback of waxy starch as measured with the Rapid Visco Analyser. High cooking loss may be due to the lack of amylose-protein interaction, preventing the formation of a strong protein network and permitting exudates to escape. Waxy pasta cooked faster but was legs resistant to overcooking than normal pasta. Partial waxy pasta properties were similar to results obtained from wild-type pasta. This indicates that the presence of a single pair of functional waxy genes in durum wheat was sufficient to generate durum grain with normal properties for pasta production. Waxy durum wheat is not suitable for pasta production because of its softening effect. However, this property may offer an advantage in other applications. C1 N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Doehlert, DC (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Qual Lab, Harris Hall, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM Douglas.Doehlert@ndsu.nodak.edu NR 38 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 82 IS 1 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1094/CC-82-0093 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 889YQ UT WOS:000226479200016 ER PT J AU Delwiche, SR Palmquist, DE Lynch, JM AF Delwiche, SR Palmquist, DE Lynch, JM TI Collaborative studies for cereals analysis SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Cereal-Chemists (AACC) CY 2003 CL Portland, OR SP Amer Assoc Cereal Chemists C1 USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Delwiche, SR (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 50 IS 1 BP 9 EP + PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 889ZE UT WOS:000226480600003 ER PT J AU Somleva, MN Blechl, AE AF Somleva, MN Blechl, AE TI The barley Lem1 gene promoter drives expression specifically in outer floret organs at anthesis in transgenic wheat SO CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE floret development; genetic transformation; organ specific promoters; Triticum aestivum L. ID BETA-GLUCURONIDASE; PLANTS; MARKER; MUTATION; GFP AB Genetic engineering of cereal crops could be refined and made more publicly acceptable by the use of promoters that direct transgene expression to particular organs at defined stages of plant development. A fusion between the barley Lem1 promoter and green fluorescence protein was used to transform bread wheat. Expression analyses showed that the Lem1 promoter is active in the organs surrounding the wheat floret at anthesis. It is not active in other vegetative and seed tissues. The organ specificity and developmental regulation of the Lem1 promoter suggest that it would be useful for engineering Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat. C1 USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Blechl, AE (reprint author), USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM ablechl@pw.usda.gov NR 20 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU CEREAL RES INST PI SZEGED PA POB 391, 6701 SZEGED, HUNGARY SN 0133-3720 J9 CEREAL RES COMMUN JI Cereal Res. Commun. PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 665 EP 671 DI 10.1556/CRC.33.2005.2-3.133 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 993CQ UT WOS:000233930700001 ER PT J AU DiCarlo, CM Compton, DL AF DiCarlo, CM Compton, DL TI Unexpected retention of electrostatically adsorbed cytochrome c in high ionic strength solutions SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; REDOX THERMODYNAMICS AB Redox inactivation, but not removal, of electrostatically adsorbed cytochrome c (cyt-c) on an alkanethiol modified gold surface was observed after exposure of the electrode to 1.0 M aqueous NaCl, NaClO4, KCl, or KClO4 solutions. C1 USDA ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Compton, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM comptond@ncaur.usda.gov NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PY 2005 IS 2 BP 218 EP 220 DI 10.1039/b414441d PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 885EK UT WOS:000226139700020 PM 15724191 ER PT S AU Friedman, M AF Friedman, M BE Friedman, M Mottram, D TI Biological effects of Maillard browning products that may affect acrylamide safety in food SO CHEMISTRY AND SAFETY OF ACRYLAMIDE IN FOOD SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Chemistry and Safety of Acrylamide in Food CY MAR 29-31, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA DE acrylamide; Maillard products; beneficial effects; adverse effects; food safety ID SULFUR AMINO-ACIDS; PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS; ASCORBIC-ACID; IN-VITRO; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; ANTIOXIDATIVE ACTIVITY; CARBOHYDRATE MIXTURES AB The heat-induced reaction of amino groups of amino acids, peptides, and proteins with carbonyl groups of reducing sugars such as glucose results in the concurrent formation of so-called Maillard browning products and acrylamide. For this reason, reported studies of adverse biological effects of pure acrylamide may not always be directly relevant to acrylamide in processed food, which may contain Maillard and other biologically active products. These may either antagonize or potentiate the toxicity of acrylamide. To stimulate progress, this paper presents an overview of selected reported studies on the antiallergenic/allergenic, antibiotic, anticarcinogenic/carcinogenic antimutagenic/mutagenic, antioxidative/oxidative, clastogenic (chromosome-damaging), and cytotoxic activities of Maillard products, which may adversely or beneficially impact the toxicity of acrylamide. The evaluation of biological activities of Maillard products and of other biologically active food ingredients suggests that they could both enhance and/or ameliorate acrylamide toxicity, especially carcinogenicity, but less so neurological or reproductive manifestations. Future studies should be directed to differentiate the individual and combined toxicological relationships among acrylamide and the Maillard products, define individual and combined potencies, and develop means to prevent the formation of both acrylamide and the most toxic Maillard products. Such studies should lead to safer foods. C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. EM mfried@pw.usda.gov; mfried@pw.usda.gov OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 113 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0065-2598 BN 0-387-23920-0 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2005 VL 561 BP 135 EP 156 PG 22 WC Food Science & Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Toxicology GA BDB40 UT WOS:000232360300012 PM 16438296 ER PT S AU Silva, EM Simon, PW AF Silva, EM Simon, PW BE Friedman, M Mottram, D TI Genetic, physiological, and environmental factors affecting acrylamide concentration in fried potato products SO CHEMISTRY AND SAFETY OF ACRYLAMIDE IN FOOD SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Chemistry and Safety of Acrylamide in Food CY MAR 29-31, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA DE acrylamide; amino acids; nitrogen; potato; storage; sugar ID ASPARAGINE SYNTHETASE GENES; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM L.; AMINO-ACIDS; CHIP COLOR; GLUTAMINE-SYNTHETASE; BREEDING PROGRESS; REDUCING SUGARS; STORAGE TIME; LOW-PROTEIN; ROOT-TIPS AB The discovery of acrylamide in processed potato products has brought increased interest in the controlling Maillard reaction precursors (reducing sugars and amino acids) in potato tubers. Because of their effects on nonenzymatic browning of fried potato products, reducing sugars and amino acids have been the focus of many potato research and breeding programs. This study focused on changes in sugars and amino acids in diploid potatoes selected for their storage qualities and their effect on acrylamide formation in the fried product. In addition, a second study was performed using cultivated lines that evaluated the effect of nitrogen fertilization on amino acid levels in tubers. Glucose, fructose, sucrose, and asparagine concentrations in tubers increased upon storage at 2 degrees C. Glucose and fructose concentrations in the tubers were significantly and positively correlated with subsequent acrylamide formation in the products. Tuber sucrose and asparagine concentrations did not have an effect on acrylamide levels. Acrylamide levels in the products were significantly reduced if tubers were preconditioned before being placed in storage at 2 degrees C. Higher rates of nitrogen fertilization resulted in increased amino acid concentrations in the tubers. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Agron & Hort, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Simon, PW (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Agron & Hort, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM psimon@wisc.edu NR 59 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0065-2598 BN 0-387-23920-0 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2005 VL 561 BP 371 EP 386 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Toxicology GA BDB40 UT WOS:000232360300028 PM 16438312 ER PT J AU Tabanca, N Bedir, E Ferreira, D Slade, D Wedge, DE Jacob, MR Khan, SI Kirimer, N Baser, KHC Khan, IA AF Tabanca, N Bedir, E Ferreira, D Slade, D Wedge, DE Jacob, MR Khan, SI Kirimer, N Baser, KHC Khan, IA TI Bioactive constituents from Turkish Pimpinella species SO CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article ID HAIRY ROOT CULTURES; ESSENTIAL OILS; ANISUM; SESQUITERPENES; DERIVATIVES AB A new 'phenylpropanoid', 4-(3-methyloxiran-2-yl)phenyl 2-methylbutanoate (1), a new trinorsesquiterpene, 4-(6-methylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-en-7-yl)butan-2-one (2), and eight known compounds (3-10) were isolated from the essential oils of several Pimpinella species growing in Turkey. The structures of the new compounds were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR analyses. The absolute configuration of 1 was established via comparison of its optical rotation with that of 'epoxypseudoisoeugenyl 2-methylbutyrate' (11), the absolute configuration of which was determined by chemical degradation and an appropriate Mosher ester formation. Direct bioautography revealed antifungal activity of I and 11 against Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, and C gloesporioides. Subsequent evaluation of antifungal compounds in a 96-well microtiter assay showed that compounds 1 and 11 produced the most-significant growth inhibition in Phomopsis spp., Colletotrichum spp., and Botrytis cinerea. Compounds 1 and 6 displayed antimicrobial activities against Mycobacterium intra-cellulare, with IC50 values of 2.78 and 1.29 mu M, respectively. C1 Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, University, MS 38677 USA. Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, TK-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. Ege Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Bioengn, TK-35100 Izmir, Turkey. Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Tabanca, N (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, University, MS 38677 USA. EM ikhan@olemiss.edu RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008; OI Bedir, Erdal/0000-0003-1262-063X; Baser, Kemal Husnu Can/0000-0003-2710-0231 NR 28 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 12 PU VERLAG HELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA AG PI ZURICH PA HOFWIESENSTRASSE 26, POSTFACH, CH-8042 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1612-1872 J9 CHEM BIODIVERS JI Chem. Biodivers. PY 2005 VL 2 IS 2 BP 221 EP 232 DI 10.1002/cbdv.200590005 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 905UP UT WOS:000227596300006 PM 17191975 ER PT J AU Tertuliano, M Tomberlin, JK Jurjevic, Z Wilson, D Rains, GC Lewis, WJ AF Tertuliano, M Tomberlin, JK Jurjevic, Z Wilson, D Rains, GC Lewis, WJ TI The ability of conditioned Microplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) to distinguish between odors of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic fungal strains SO CHEMOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fungus; odors; learning; Microplitis croceipes; behavior ID VOLATILE METABOLITES; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; ELECTRONIC NOSE; PARASITIC WASP; HOST; GROWTH; FEEDS; FOODS; MOLDS; GRAIN AB The parasitic wasp Microplitis croceipes (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) learns to associate odors with food resources and subsequently exhibits a characteristic food-seeking behavior when encountering the learned odor. Wasps so conditioned, learned and subsequently demonstrated an ability to distinguish among aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus strains. The effects of fungal species, strain, age (5, 10-12, 20, and 30 d) and growth media (potato dextrose agar, peanut agar and corn agar) on the learning and recognition responses of the conditioned wasps were examined. The level of differentiation between fungal strains by conditioned wasps was lowest when working with 5-d-old fungal cultures but increased with age and generally peaked with 20-d-old fungi. Wasps responded generally stronger to the fungal strain conditioned to independent of growth media. This ability of parasitic wasps to learn and distinguish fungal odors can open new avenues in insect learning. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Lewis, WJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, Stephenville, TX 76401 USA. EM wjl@tifton.uga.edu NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 8 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0937-7409 J9 CHEMOECOLOGY JI Chemoecology PY 2005 VL 15 IS 2 BP 89 EP 95 DI 10.1007/s00049-005-0299-3 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 938TZ UT WOS:000230027600005 ER PT J AU Link, TE Flerchinger, GN Unsworth, M Marks, D AF Link, Timothy E. Flerchinger, Gerald N. Unsworth, Mike Marks, Danny BE DeJong, C Collins, D Ranzi, R TI Water Relations of an Old-growth Douglas Fir Stand SO CLIMATE AND HYDROLOGY IN MOUNTAIN AREAS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PEAK FLOW RESPONSES; TEMPERATE RAIN-FOREST; WESTERN CASCADES; PONDEROSA PINE; LARGE BASINS; SHAW MODEL; NORTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA; SIMULTANEOUS HEAT; VAPOR EXCHANGE; ENERGY FLUXES C1 [Link, Timothy E.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Flerchinger, Gerald N.; Marks, Danny] ARS, USDA, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Unsworth, Mike] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Link, TE (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-47085-824-0 PY 2005 BP 147 EP 159 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA BYA26 UT WOS:000297748400012 ER PT J AU Choi, SW Friso, S AF Choi, SW Friso, S TI Interactions between folate and aging for carcinogenesis SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Hyperhomocysteinemia CY APR 14-16, 2005 CL Saarbruecken, GERMANY DE aging; carcinogenesis; DNA methylation; folate; one-carbon metabolism; uracil misincorporation into DNA ID GENOMIC DNA METHYLATION; DIETARY-FOLATE; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; ELDERLY POPULATION; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COLONIC NEOPLASIA; FOLIC-ACID; RAT-LIVER; CANCER AB Inadequate folate intake and aging are each strongly implicated as important risk factors for certain cancers. Since both folate depletion and aging are strongly associated with hyperhomocysteinemia, genomic DNA hypomethylation, and increased uracil misincorporation into DNA, it appears that each of them enhances carcinogenesis by inducing a derangement of one-carbon metabolism that supplies one-carbons to biological methylation reactions and nucleotide synthesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that inadequate dietary folate and aging may interact and synergistically disturb the normal homeostasis of one-carbon metabolism, thereby provoking subsequent biochemical and molecular aberrations, including alterations in critical gene expression related to carcinogenesis. These studies have further indicated that modest folate supplementation may reverse or partially ameliorate those adverse effects induced by folate depletion and aging. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Verona, Sch Med, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Verona, Italy. RP Choi, SW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM sang.choi@tufts.edu NR 67 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1434-6621 J9 CLIN CHEM LAB MED JI Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. PY 2005 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1151 EP 1157 DI 10.1515/CCLM.2005.200 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 979CY UT WOS:000232921200030 PM 16197313 ER PT J AU Friso, S Choi, SW AF Friso, S Choi, SW TI The potential cocarcinogenic effect of vitamin B-12 deficiency SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Hyperhomocysteinemia CY APR 14-16, 2005 CL Saarbruecken, GERMANY DE cancer; DNA methylation; folate; one-carbon metabolism; uracil misincorporation into DNA; vitamin B-12 ID PROTEIN-BOUND VITAMIN-B12; POPULATION-BASED COHORT; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAK; BONE-MARROW CELLS; DNA METHYLATION; FOLATE-DEFICIENCY; PERNICIOUS-ANEMIA; HISTONE DEACETYLASE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB Since vitamin B-12 serves as a cofactor in the synthesis of methyl precursors for biological methylation and enables methylfolate to be recycled for nucleotide synthesis, B12 deficiency has been known to induce hyperhomocysteinemia and inadequate DNA synthesis, along with "methylfolate trap". Even though depletion of B-12, a common B-vitamin deficiency in the elderly, has not often been invoked as a causative factor in carcinogenesis, a recent animal study demonstrated that a B-12-deficient diet, which was of insufficient severity to cause anemia or illness, disturbed normal homeostasis of one-carbon metabolism in the colonic mucosa and resulted in diminished genomic DNA methylation and increased uracil misincorporation in DNA, both of which are purported mechanisms for one-carbon metabolism-related colonic carcinogenesis. C1 Univ Verona, Sch Med, Dept Clin & Expt Med, I-37134 Verona, Italy. Tufts Univ, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Boston, MA USA. RP Friso, S (reprint author), Univ Verona, Sch Med, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Policlin GB Rossi,P LA Scuro 10, I-37134 Verona, Italy. EM simonetta.friso@univr.it NR 72 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1434-6621 J9 CLIN CHEM LAB MED JI Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. PY 2005 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1158 EP 1163 DI 10.1515/CCLM.2005.201 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 979CY UT WOS:000232921200031 PM 16197314 ER PT B AU Hampton, HM Aumack, EN Prather, JW Xu, YG Dickson, BG Sisk, TD AF Hampton, HM Aumack, EN Prather, JW Xu, YG Dickson, BG Sisk, TD BE VanRiper, C Mattson, DJ TI Demonstration and test of a spatial decision support system for forest restoration planning SO Colorado Plateau II: Biophysical, Socioeconomic, and Cultural Research LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Biennial Conference of Research on the Colorado Plateau CY NOV 05-08, 2003 CL No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ SP US Geol Survey SW Biol Sci Ctr, Colorado Plateau Res Stn, Ctr Sustainable Environm, US Geol Survey, US Natl Pk Serv, US Bur Land Management HO No Arizona Univ C1 No Arizona Univ, Ctr Environm Sci & Educ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. Grand Canyon Trust, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Fishery & Wildlife Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Hampton, HM (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Environm Sci & Educ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV ARIZONA PRESS PI TUCSON PA 355 S EUCLID AVE, STE 103, TUCSON, AZ 85719 USA BN 0-8165-2526-9 PY 2005 BP 47 EP 65 PG 19 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BDJ22 UT WOS:000233747300004 ER PT B AU Prather, JW Hampton, HM Xu, YG Dickson, BG Dodd, NL Aumack, EN Sisk, TD AF Prather, JW Hampton, HM Xu, YG Dickson, BG Dodd, NL Aumack, EN Sisk, TD BE VanRiper, C Mattson, DJ TI Modeling the effects of forest restoration treatments on sensitive wildlife taxa: A gis-based approach SO Colorado Plateau II: Biophysical, Socioeconomic, and Cultural Research LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Biennial Conference of Research on the Colorado Plateau CY NOV 05-08, 2003 CL No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ SP US Geol Survey SW Biol Sci Ctr, Colorado Plateau Res Stn, Ctr Sustainable Environm, US Geol Survey, US Natl Pk Serv, US Bur Land Management HO No Arizona Univ ID SOUTHWESTERN PONDEROSA PINE; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; HABITAT; ARIZONA; CLASSIFICATION; SQUIRREL; PERSPECTIVE; ECOSYSTEMS; PATTERNS; HEALTH C1 No Arizona Univ, Ctr Environm Sci & Educ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Fishery & Wildlife Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. Arizona Dept Fish & Game, Res Branch, Phoenix, AZ 85023 USA. Grand Canyon Trust, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Prather, JW (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Environm Sci & Educ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV ARIZONA PRESS PI TUCSON PA 355 S EUCLID AVE, STE 103, TUCSON, AZ 85719 USA BN 0-8165-2526-9 PY 2005 BP 69 EP 85 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BDJ22 UT WOS:000233747300005 ER PT B AU Long, J Burnette, M Lupe, C AF Long, J Burnette, M Lupe, C BE VanRiper, C Mattson, DJ TI Fire and springs: Reestablishing the balance on the white mountain Apache reservation SO Colorado Plateau II: Biophysical, Socioeconomic, and Cultural Research LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Biennial Conference of Research on the Colorado Plateau CY NOV 05-08, 2003 CL No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ SP US Geol Survey SW Biol Sci Ctr, Colorado Plateau Res Stn, Ctr Sustainable Environm, US Geol Survey, US Natl Pk Serv, US Bur Land Management HO No Arizona Univ ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; NORTH-AMERICA; WESTERN USA; STREAM; CHANNEL; RESTORATION; MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES; WILDFIRE C1 USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, US Forest Serv, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Long, J (reprint author), USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, US Forest Serv, 2500 S Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV ARIZONA PRESS PI TUCSON PA 355 S EUCLID AVE, STE 103, TUCSON, AZ 85719 USA BN 0-8165-2526-9 PY 2005 BP 381 EP 396 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BDJ22 UT WOS:000233747300027 ER PT J AU Papiernik, SK Grieve, CM Lesch, SM Yates, SR AF Papiernik, SK Grieve, CM Lesch, SM Yates, SR TI Effects of salinity, imazethapyr, and chlorimuron application on soybean growth and yield SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE chlorimuron; Glycine max L. Merrill; height; herbicide; imazethapyr; nodes; salt stress; seed weight; soybean ID GLYCINE-MAX RESPONSE; SOIL-MOISTURE; CULTIVARS; CHLORIDE; HERBICIDES; TOLERANCE; TRANSLOCATION; METABOLISM; IMAZAQUIN; SULFATE AB Soybean is an important crop worldwide. Soybean cultivars differ in their sensitivity to soil salinity and herbicide damage. In these experiments, we examined the impact of salinization and herbicide (imazethapyr and chlorimuron) application on the growth and yield of two soybean cultivars, Essex and Manokin. Experiments were conducted in small pots in the greenhouse, in outdoor sand cultures, and in drip-irrigated field plots. Plants were irrigated with non-saline water or saline water (electrical conductivity, EC = 7 dS/m) with a composition typical of those in areas affected by sulfate-dominated salinity. Morphological changes resulted from herbicide application, including leaf elongation and formation of large shoots at the cotyledonary node. Herbicide treatment significantly reduced main stem height, number of nodes on the main stem, and stem diameter relative to the controls (not treated with herbicide); responses from the two herbicides were not significantly different. Salinity had a significant effect on seed weight: yield for "Essex" (a Cl accumulator) was significantly higher when irrigated with fresh water, while yield for "Manokin" (a Cl excluder) was significantly larger for plants irrigated with saline water. Yield for "Essex" was greater than that for "Manokin" when the plants were irrigated with fresh water; but at the higher irrigation water salinity (7 dS/m), "Manokin" produced significantly greater yield than "Essex." Although herbicide application significantly impacted several growth variables, herbicide treatment had no significant impact on yield. C1 USDA ARS, Morris, MN 56267 USA. USDA ARS, Geogre E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. RP Papiernik, SK (reprint author), USDA ARS, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM papiernik@moffis.ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 7-8 BP 951 EP 967 DI 10.1081/CSS-200050280 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 927IB UT WOS:000229186500011 ER PT J AU Adeli, A Sistani, KR Bal'a, MF Rowe, DE AF Adeli, A Sistani, KR Bal'a, MF Rowe, DE TI Phosphorus dynamics in broiler litter-amended soils SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE broiler litter; extractable phosphorus; phosphorus fractionation; water-soluble P ID POULTRY LITTER; GRASSLAND SOILS; NITROGEN; FRACTIONATION; AVAILABILITY; MANURE; TRANSFORMATIONS; ADSORPTION; RELEASE; FLORIDA AB Because land application of broiler litter is commonly made in the spring before cropping season and in the fall, it is essential to understand how environmental variations, such as temperature, affect the phosphorus (P) dynamics. A laboratory incubation study was conducted at Waste Management and Forage Research Unit, USDA-ARS with the objective of determining the effects of temperature and soil properties on water-soluble P (WSP), Mehlich 3 P, and P fractions in broiler litter-amended soils. Broiler litter was mixed with three soils (Leeper silty clay, Grenada silt loam, and Ruston sandy loam) at the rate of 10 Mg ha(-1). The mixtures were incubated at 18 degrees C, 25 degrees C, and 32 degrees C for up to 90 days and repeated three times. Soil samples were taken at eight time intervals (2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days) and analyzed for water-soluble P and Mehlich 3-extractable P (MEP). Phosphorus also was fractionated chemically into inorganic and organic components by sequential extraction for soil samples taken at the end of incubation period (90 days). Water-soluble P decreased rapidly after a 15-day incubation in all soils for all temperatures and followed to a steady state to the end of incubation period. Averaged across temperatures, broiler litter application resulted in a significant increase in all fractions compared with controls. However, the increase was greater for inorganic than for organic fractions. The concentration of calcium (Ca)-P fraction was highest in calcareous Grenada soil, which suggests that the presence of carbonates influence the fate of P from applied broiler litter. The coarse textured Ruston contained a greater concentration of water-soluble P (WSP) than the other soils. At 32 degrees C, the concentration of plant-available P fractions [bicarbonate inorganic P (IP) and hydroxide IP] significantly increased and WSP decreased. It is likely that the higher temperature (32 degrees C) promotes higher biological activity and lower water-soluble P than lower temperature. C1 USDA ARS, Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39672 USA. RP Adeli, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39672 USA. EM aadeli@msa-msstate.ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 9-10 BP 1099 EP 1115 DI 10.1081/CSS-200056876 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 934XW UT WOS:000229743900002 ER PT J AU Codling, EE Isensee, AR AF Codling, EE Isensee, AR TI Effects of drinking water treatment residue on phosphorus in runoff from poultry litter SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE water-extractable phosphorus; iron oxide-impregnated test strips; rainfall simulation; aluminum-rich residue; drinking water treatment residue ID IMPREGNATED FILTER-PAPER; BIOAVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS; FESCUEGRASS PLOTS; SOILS; ALUMINUM; QUALITY; EXTRACTION; NITROGEN; AMENDMENTS; FERTILIZER AB The application of pultry litter to cropland is based on the nitrogen needs of the crop, and such practice has resulted in excess buildup of soil phosphorus (P). Water-extractable phosphorus (WEP) concentrations in runoff from these fields are above the EPA drinking water limit of 0.1 mg kg(-1). Runoff studies have been conducted on poultry litter-amended soils to determine the effect of aluminum (Al) on WEP and iron oxide-adsorbable phosphorus (FeO-P). The drinking water treatment residue (DWTR) used in this experiment is an Al-rich-byproduct that is produced during drinking water purification. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of DWTR to reduce WEP and FeO-P concentrations in runoff from poultry litter by using a laboratory rainfall simulator. Poultry litter was collected from three poultry farms on Maryland Eastern Shore, air dried and crushed to less than 2 mm, treated with DWTR at rates of 0, 50, and 100 g kg(-1) (dry weight basis), and incubated for 2 weeks at 25 degrees C. Water-extractable P and FeO-P in the runoff decreased with increase DWTR application. The total P released in runoff from the 50 and 100 g kg(-1) DWTR treatments were 79% and 91% lower than the no-DWTR treatment, respectively. There was a strong correlation between WEP and FeO-P in the runoff samples. The results of this study demonstrated that the addition of DWTR to poultry litter effectively reduced phosphorus in runoff. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, By Prod Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Environm Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Codling, EE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, By Prod Lab, Bldg 007,Room 009 BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM codlinge@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 9-10 BP 1263 EP 1275 DI 10.1081/CSS-200056922 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 934XW UT WOS:000229743900013 ER PT J AU Sullivan, DG Wood, CW Owsley, WF Norfleet, ML Wood, BH Shaw, JN Adams, JF AF Sullivan, DG Wood, CW Owsley, WF Norfleet, ML Wood, BH Shaw, JN Adams, JF TI Denitrification following land application of swine waste to bermudagrass pasture SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE denitrification; nitrogen; bermudagrass pasture; land application ID SOIL; MANURE; NITROGEN; LITTER AB Nitrogen (N) losses following land-applied animal wastes present an environmental and economical dilemma for producers. Gaseous N losses from pasture-land contribute to global warming, ozone depletion, acid rain, and inefficient plant N uptake. This study was designed to monitor nitrous oxide emissions following swine waste and commercial fertilizer treatments to bermudagrass (Cynedon dactylon [L.] pers) pastures. Denitrification rates were monitored on a biweekly basis for six 0.12-ha bermudagrass pastures for three consecutive growing seasons (1998-2000). Treatments consisted of three split applications of either swine effluent supplemented with ammonium nitrate (SW) or commercial fertilizer (CF). Peak denitrification rates were greatest in 1998, ranging from 0.6 to 1.7 mu g N2O-N m(-2) h(-1) for effluent-treated plots and 0.3-1.5 mu g N2O-N m(-2) h(-1) for commercially fertilized plots. Results from this study suggest denitrification is not a significant N loss pathway in swine waste-amended bermudagrass systems. C1 USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. Auburn Univ, Agron & Soils Dept, Auburn, AL USA. USDA NRCS, Inventory & Assessment Div, Auburn, AL USA. Auburn Univ, Agron & Soils Dept, Auburn, AL USA. RP Sullivan, DG (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, POB 946, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM dgs@tifton.usda.gov NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 EI 1532-2416 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 9-10 BP 1277 EP 1288 DI 10.1081/CSS-200056927 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 934XW UT WOS:000229743900014 ER PT J AU Zdor, RE Alexander, CM Kremer, RJ AF Zdor, RE Alexander, CM Kremer, RJ TI Weed suppression by deleterious rhizobacteria is affected by formulation and soil properties SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE corn gluten; natural plant products; semolina; seed germination; rhizobacteria ID CORN GLUTEN HYDROLYSATE; INHIBITORY RHIZOBACTERIA; WINTER-WHEAT; GRASS WEEDS; DOWNY BROME; MEAL; COLONIZATION; BROADLEAF; GROWTH; AGENTS AB Deleterious rhizobacteria (DRB) suppress weed growth in field tests and are considered potential weed biological control agents. This study compared the relative inhibitory action of the DRB Pseudomonas fluorescens strain G2-11 in different formulations, corn gluten meal (CGM), and semolina flour, toward wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik) seeds and seedlings in soil assays. Strain G2-11 successfully established in semolina flour as an inoculum formulation but was incompatible with CGM presumably because of antibacterial factors present. The effect of DRB and plant products on seed germination and plant growth were influenced by soil, with the strongest effects seen in fine sandy loam. Semolina flour alone reduced root growth of all target plants except for velvetleaf in silt loam. Green foxtail seed germination was greatly reduced by strain G2-11. With the exception of wheat seedling growth, strain G2-11 enhanced growth-suppressive qualities of semolina flour. Results suggest that natural plant products such as CGM and semolina flour alone and formulated with selected DRB may be important components for weed management considerations in sustainable agriculture. C1 USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Andrews Univ, Dept Biol, Berrien Springs, MI USA. RP Kremer, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 302 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM KremerR@missouri.edu NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 9-10 BP 1289 EP 1299 DI 10.1081/CSS-200056933 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 934XW UT WOS:000229743900015 ER PT J AU Clark, RB Baligar, VC Zobel, RW AF Clark, RB Baligar, VC Zobel, RW TI Response of mycorrhizal switchgrass to phosphorus fractions in acidic soil SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE acidic soils; phophorus fractions; P availibity ID VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA; TRIFOLIUM-SUBTERRANEUM L; ROOT-SYSTEM MORPHOLOGY; MINERAL ACQUISITION; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITY; PANICUM-VIRGATUM; EXTERNAL HYPHAE; ALKALINE SOIL AB In acidic soils, acquisition of phosphorus (P) by plants is limited because of low P availability and slight solubility. Arbuscular mycorrhial fungi (AMF) have the ability to access much of soil P and make it more available to plants. Therefore, pools of available P to mycorrhizal (AM) plants grown in acidic soil are usually higher than in nonmycorrhizal (nonAM) plants. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) was grown in five acidic soils (Lily, Porters, Tatum, Rayne, and Pacolet) containing various amounts of original P with four different isolates of AMF in a glasshouse. The different fractions of P in each soil were determined to assess their importance to plant acquisition by AM and non-AM plants. Total and organic P fractions in soil were relatively high compared with other extractable P fractions that are considered available to plants (extractable fractions), but differences among soils in total and organic P were relatively narrow compared with extractable fractions. With the exception of G. intraradices, each of the AMF isolates used (Glomus clarum, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus intraradices, and Acaulospora mellea) enhanced growth to some extent when grown in each of the soils. However, the highest dry matter (DM) for each of the AM plants was soil dependent. Shoot concentrations of mineral nutrients generally increased in AM plants that enhanced growth. None of the AMF isolates was best for these acidic soils, nor for each P fraction or other soil characteristic measured. Extractable P fractions appeared to be more readily available to AM plants than nonextractable fractions. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Alternate Crops & Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV USA. RP Baligar, VC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Alternate Crops & Syst Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM vbaligar@asrr.arsusda.gov NR 75 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 9-10 BP 1337 EP 1359 DI 10.1081/CSS-200056950 PG 23 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 934XW UT WOS:000229743900019 ER PT J AU Scott, DA Norris, AM Burger, JA AF Scott, DA Norris, AM Burger, JA TI Rapid indices of potential nitrogen mineralization for intensively managed hardwood plantations SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID SOIL-NITROGEN; DRIED SOIL; AVAILABILITY AB Short-rotation hardwood plantations generally require repeated applications of nitrogen (N) fertilizer to maintain desired growth and are being installed on two previous land uses: agricultural fields and cutover forest lands. Because the soil organic matter chemistry is different between agricultural field and cutover soils, indices of N availability developed for one land use or the other may not work well across both land use types. The standard aerobic incubation index is time consuming and costly. Therefore, three rapid methods were tested for estimating it on six converted agricultural fields and seven cutover pine sites currently in intensively managed sweetgum plantations on the eastern coastal plain of the United States. Two procedures (anaerobic incubation and hot KCl extract) were not useful for estimating mineralizable N in either agricultural field soils or cutover pine soils. The third index, a 3-day incubation of rewetted soils previously dried, was linearly correlated to mineralizable N (p < 0.0001, R-2 = 0.88). This method, which had not been tested in forest soils previously, worked best for the cutover soils (p < 0.002, R-2 = 0.82) and less so for the agricultural field soils (p < 0.097, R-2 = 0.66). However, none of the procedures estimated potentially mineralizable N better, across all sites, than total N (p < 0.0001, R-2 = 0.93). Total N was not effective, however, in estimating mineralizable N within the agricultural field sites (p < 0.220, R-2 = 0.44). Further work will be needed to assess if potentially mineralizable N, total N, or the drying-rewetting index can be used to help predict fertilizer rates and timings in intensively managed hardwood plantations, especially on cutover forest lands. C1 US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Canc Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forestry, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Scott, DA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM andyscott@fs.fed.us OI Scott, D. Andrew/0000-0002-2592-1522 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 11-12 BP 1421 EP 1434 DI 10.1081/CSS-200058485 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JA UT WOS:000235035400003 ER PT J AU Dong, SF Cheng, LL Scagel, CF Fuchigami, LH AF Dong, SF Cheng, LL Scagel, CF Fuchigami, LH TI Method of nitrogen application in summer affects plant growth and nitrogen uptake in autumn in young Fuji/M.26 apple trees SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Malus domestica; N; spray; soil application ID VAR. NECTARINA TREES; UREA SPRAYS; LEAVES; PEACH; REMOBILIZATION; TRANSLOCATION; ABSORPTION; STORAGE; SOIL AB Effects of foliar vs. soil nitrogen (N) application during the summer and the autumn were studied in young Fuji apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh) on Malling 26 (M.26) rootstock. One-year-old bench-grafted trees were potted in 3.8-liter pots in a mix of perlite, peat moss, and loam soil (1:1:1 by volume) and were treated weekly from late June to early September with 0.5% urea either by foliar or soil application or soil application of water (control). At the end of September, five trees from each treatment were harvested, and shoot and root growth and leaf N concentration were determined. In mid-October of the same year, trees from each treatment were randomly divided into three subgroups. One group received soil application of water (control), and the other groups received either a foliar or soil application of 3% N-15-urea. After natural leaf defoliation, trees were harvested, and total N and N-15 concentration of stems (all aboveground tissue) and roots was determined. Regardless of application method, N application during the summer promoted plant growth and increased leaf N concentration. Soil N application during the summer stimulated more shoot and extension root growth than foliar N application. In contrast, the foliar N application in the summer promoted more feeder root growth than soil N application. Regardless of application method, autumn N application after terminal bud set had little effect on current-year growth but increased total plant N concentration. In the autumn, trees that received soil N applications in the summer had more N-15 uptake by leaves, while trees receiving foliar N applications in the summer had more N-15 uptake by root. These results suggest that the differential influence of N application methods during the summer on growth and partitioning of trees affects tree responsiveness to autumn N applications. The use efficiency of autumn-applied N depends on the method of N application in the summer. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY USA. ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Dong, SF (reprint author), Okanagan Univ, Dept Biol, 3333 Univ Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. EM sdong@ouc.bc.ca NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 11-12 BP 1465 EP 1477 DI 10.1081/CSS-200058491 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JA UT WOS:000235035400006 ER PT J AU Baligar, VC Wright, RJ Hern, JL AF Baligar, VC Wright, RJ Hern, JL TI Enzyme activities in soil influenced by levels of applied sulfur and phosphorus SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE acid soils; enzymes; phosphatase; sulfatase; urease ID ARYLSULFATASE ACTIVITY; APPALACHIAN REGION; UREASE ACTIVITY; PHOSPHATASE; NITROGEN; CLOVER AB Soil biochemical properties are influenced by management practices and the type of plant cover, and such changes affect the levels of enzyme activities in soil. In turn, enzymes influence the nutrient supply in soil and growth and mineral composition of the plants. Acidic infertile upland soils are relatively colder in crop-growing season than low land soils and require application of sulfur (S) and phosphorus (P) to improve crop production. Field experiments were carried out on Gilpin silt loam (Typic Hapludult at elevation of 908 m) soil with initial application of four levels of S (0, 16.8, 33.6, and 67.2 kgSha(-1)) and three levels of P (22.4, 89.6, and 358.4 kg P ha(-1)). Acid phosphatase (AP), arylsulfatase (AS) and urease (UR) activities were determined 3 years after the initial fertilizer application. Increasing levels of soil-applied S decreased enzyme activities, but the highest level of applied S (67.2 kg S ha(-1)) in fact stimulated higher enzyme activities. Increasing levels of soil-applied P reduced AP activities significantly and resulted in reducing trends in AS and UR activities. Overall, the enzyme activities were reduced significantly with increasing soil depth. Activities of all three enzymes were significantly correlated with soil moisture content, total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), S, and organic sulfur. Findings of this research are helpful in designing management systems that could improve the production potentials of acid soils. C1 USDA ARS, SPCL, Beltsville, MD 20704 USA. USDA ARS, NPL, Beltsville, MD USA. REIC Lab, Beckley, WV USA. RP Baligar, VC (reprint author), USDA ARS, SPCL, Bldg 001,Room 225,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20704 USA. EM vbaligar@asrr.arsusda.gov NR 29 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 13-14 BP 1727 EP 1735 DI 10.1081/CSS-200062431 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JB UT WOS:000235035500003 ER PT J AU Elrashidi, MA Mays, MD Zimmer, TJ AF Elrashidi, MA Mays, MD Zimmer, TJ TI Changes in release characteristics and runoff phosphorus for soils amended with manure SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE phosphorus release characteristics; anion exchange resin; runoff phosphorus; runoff equation; manure application ID POULTRY LITTER; GRASSLAND AB Application of manure on agricultural land can introduce considerable amounts of phosphorus (P) to natural water resources. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of dairy manure application on 1) P released from surface soil by rainfall, 2) P removed from surface soil by runoff, and 3) soil P available for plants. A technique implementing a Soil Survey Laboratory method and USDA Runoff Model was applied on four Texas and three Utah soils. The application of manure (100Mg/ha) considerably increased the amount of P released from the surface soil by rainfall, but there was no significant change in the pattern of P release (phosphorus release characteristics). Manure application increased both the runoff and available P for soils. For the Blanket soil (Texas), P released from surface soil by rainfall increased from 1.06 to 30.8 kg/ha/yr. The runoff P (kg/ha/yr) increased from 0.18 to 5.15 for fallow, from 0.16 to 4.71 for cropland, and from 0.13 to 3.88 for grassland. Soil P available for plants increased from 0.88, 0.90, and 0.93 to 25.7, 26.1. and 26.9kg/ha/yr for fallow, cropland, and grassland, respectively. Similar effects of manure application were noticed for other Texas and Utah soils. The data suggest that manure could provide substantial amounts of available P for crop production in these soils. However, irrigated cropland amended annually with manure could contribute to nonpoint source pollution of surface freshwater bodies. The technique provides a tool to quantify the impact of manure application to agricultural land on water resources. C1 USDA, NRCS, Soil Survey Lab, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. RP Elrashidi, MA (reprint author), USDA, NRCS, Soil Survey Lab, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, 100 Centennial Mall N, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. EM moustafa.elrashidi@usda.gov NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 13-14 BP 1851 EP 1873 DI 10.1081/CSS-200062472 PG 23 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JB UT WOS:000235035500013 ER PT J AU Adler, PR AF Adler, PR TI Effect of a temporal carbon gradient on nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics and decomposition during mesophilic composting SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE compost; nitrogen; phosphorus; manure; aquaculture; fish ID CATTLE FEEDLOT MANURE; MASS-LOSS; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; PLANT RESIDUES; CROP RESIDUES; SOIL; NUTRIENT; LITTER; QUALITY; EXCHANGEABILITY AB Excess carbon (C) can immobilize inorganic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) when composting manure and has been used to reduce the moisture content of liquid manure so they can be composted. A mesophilic composting strategy was previously developed and shown to be an effective method to manage liquid manure without the need for excess C. The objective of this study was to determine if a temporal C gradient would sequester more N and P without the need for excess C. The experiment was conducted in bags. All treatments had arctic char manure applied at the same rate (1.28gN), every 14 days for 112 days. The C source, around corn stover, was applied in three batch sizes. The 1X treatment applied 70g of corn stover every 14 days, the 4X treatment applied 280g of corn stover at days 0 and 56, and the 8X treatment applied 560g of corn stover once at day 0. All bags had the same amount of C and N added to them by the end of the experiment at a C: N ratio of 30: 1. As the C to N or P ratio decreased below 20 and 30, respectively, net mineralization occurred, and the time of this occurrence was similar for all C treatments. The concentration of N and P were relatively low until day 91 when NH4-N and P and day 105 when NO3-N started to increase, after which point mineralization occurred at a rate of about 60 mg N and 4 mg P/kg mass/day. Because the temporal C gradient was not in phase with mineralization, it was not effective at immobilizing N and P. Spatial separation of high carbon zones through layering manure and the carbon source may be an effective way to maintain a long-term C gradient and capture leaching N and P while minimizing C inputs. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Adler, PR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 15-16 BP 2047 EP 2058 DI 10.1080/00103620500192282 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JC UT WOS:000235035600004 ER PT J AU Seifferlein, ER Jones, P Ferguson, R Burt, R Mays, D AF Seifferlein, ER Jones, P Ferguson, R Burt, R Mays, D TI Extractable acidity by a centrifuge method SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE soil extractable acidity; extractable acidity; soil acidity; barium chloride; triethanolamine; pH 8.2 AB Titratable or extractable acidity is a measure of the acidity released by a soil to a buffered extraction solution. The United States Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Soil Survey Laboratory (SSL) routinely measures extractable acidity on soils that are carbonate free. In this study, a centrifuge method for measuring acidity extracted by barium chloride triethanolamine (BaCl2-TEA), pH 8.2, is described. Compared with the SSL vacuum extraction method, the proposed method provides better reproducibility for highly acidic soils, typically organic or andic materials. Key variables resolved while developing this method were extraction time and sample mass. Soil chemistry can significantly affect the pH of the extraction solution. It was concluded that checking postextraction pH is an effective way to identify samples that should be rerun by using a smaller sample size. C1 USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Soil Survey Lab, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. RP Ferguson, R (reprint author), USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Soil Survey Lab, 100 Centennial Mall N,Room 152,Mail Stop 41, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. EM rich.ferguson@nssc.nrcs.usda.gov NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 15-16 BP 2067 EP 2083 DI 10.1080/00103620500194353 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JC UT WOS:000235035600006 ER PT J AU Viator, RP Nuti, R Wells, R Edmisten, K AF Viator, RP Nuti, R Wells, R Edmisten, K TI Stem and root carbohydrate dynamics in modern vs. obsolete cotton cultivars SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE starch; cotton; cultivars ID CARBON PRODUCTION; STARCH CONTENT; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PHENOLOGY; TISSUES; GROWTH; LEAVES AB Starch reserves in the lower stein and root are important sources of photoassimilates for completion of reproductive development in cotton. The objective of this research was to determine if carbohydrate levels in the lower stem and roots have been altered because of more than 100 years of breeding efforts. In 2001 and 2002, 33 cultivars released from 1900 to 2000 were evaluated. In addition, two elite lines were included in 2002. Plants were sampled at first bloom and cutout. Tissues were analyzed for starch content and concentration by using a colorimetric technique. Analysis of variance by year revealed cultivar differences for starch concentration at both sample times, but starch content was only significant at first bloom in 2002. These differences, though, did not show a strong relationship with release date, indicating that a century of breeding efforts had not altered stem and root starch dynamics. Orthogonal contrast did reveal differences in starch content and concentration between obsolete, modern, and elite lines. However, these differences were not consistent across experimental years. At first bloom in 2001, modern cultivars had lower root and stem starch concentrations, 69.8 and 63.6 mg g(-1), compared to 94.5 and 84.8 mg(-1) for the obsolete lines. Modern cultivars also had lower root starch content, 537.5 mg, compared to 784.4 mg for the obsolete lines. At cutout in 2001, modern cultivars had lower root and stem starch concentrations, 20.6 and 20.9 mg g(-1) compared 39.7 and 32.4mg g(-1) for the obsolete lines. Modern cultivars also had lower stem starch content, 349.0 mg, compared to 518.4 mg for the obsolete lines. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Viator, RP (reprint author), USDA ARS, SRRC Sugarcane Res Unit, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM rviator@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 15-16 BP 2165 EP 2177 DI 10.1080/00103620500196366 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JC UT WOS:000235035600014 ER PT J AU Arnold, SL Doran, JW Schepers, J Wienhold, B Ginting, D Amos, B Gomes, S AF Arnold, SL Doran, JW Schepers, J Wienhold, B Ginting, D Amos, B Gomes, S TI Portable probes to measure electrical conductivity and soil quality in the field SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE please supply ID NITRATE; MANURE; PH AB Soil electrical conductivity (EC) is a useful indicator in managing agricultural systems, but tools for convenient and inexpensive measurements in the field are generally lacking. Handheld conductivity probes were designed to evaluate in-field naturally occurring and human-induced total soluble electrolyte levels in soil and water. The probes were used to survey and monitor EC in the field and to assess soil and water quality as related to environmental stability and sustainable food production. A pencil-sized 16-cm probe (PP) was connected to a handheld Hanna (DiST WP 4) conductivity meter, resulting in an economical, compact, and easy to use device. The tool provided accurate and precise results compared with laboratory instrumentation under standardized conditions of soil water content and temperature. Soil samples, varying widely in texture and organic matter content, and having ECs ranging from 0.13 to 2.32dSm(-1) were used for comparison. Mean values and coefficients of variation were similar for the PP and the commercial laboratory EC meter with 2 values determined with the two instruments being strongly correlated (r(2) = 0.96-0.99). The handheld and PP probes effectively replaced expensive and cumbersome laboratory and field instruments used to measure EC in water and soil samples. The probe measurements were useful alternatives to conventional methods as they enabled accurate and precise measurement of EC, were a manageable size for field use, and were reliable and economic. The utility of EC as an indicator of soil health, plantavailable N, and environmental quality is also presented. C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, SWCRU, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. Independent Crop Consultants, Waverly, IA USA. RP Arnold, SL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, SWCRU, 120 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM sarnold1@unl.edu NR 12 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 15-16 BP 2271 EP 2287 DI 10.1080/00103620500196689 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JC UT WOS:000235035600022 ER PT J AU Osborne, SL AF Osborne, SL TI Enhancing corn production through the use of starter fertilizer in the northern Great Plains SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE corn; starter fertilizer; nitrogen; phosphorus; no-tillage ID NO-TILL CORN; YIELD AB The northern portion of the Great Plains has environmental conditions that require unique management practices to ensure optimum corn (Zea mays L.) yield and quality. The objective was to investigate the effect of starter fertilizer on corn yield and quality under different soil management. A field experiment was established within a 2-year corn/soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] rotation. Whole-plot treatments were tillage with split-plot treatments of starter fertilizer. Starter fertilizer treatments consisted of two nitrogen (N) sources, each at four rates, all contained phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). An additional treatment of no starter fertilizer was also incorporated into the experiment. There was a significant increase in yield with application of starter-N for all years except 2002. The most dramatic yield increase was obtained with the comparison between the no starter (no N, P, or K) treatment and the P and K treatment (no N + P and K). Starter fertilizer with only P and K also increased yield, oil production, and N removal in all years compared with no starter fertilizer treatment. Application of starter fertilizer can have a significant positive impact on yield and quality of corn grown in the northern Great Plains. C1 ARS, USDA, No Grains Insects Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Osborne, SL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Grains Insects Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM sosborne@ngirl.ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 17-18 BP 2421 EP 2429 DI 10.1080/00103620500253340 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JD UT WOS:000235035700011 ER PT J AU Aiken, GE Pote, DH Tabler, SF Tabler, TC AF Aiken, GE Pote, DH Tabler, SF Tabler, TC TI Application of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy to estimate chemical constituents in broiler litter SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE sater quality; animal waste; broiler litter; near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy; phosphorus; nitrogen ID SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; MINERAL-CONTENT; NITROGEN; REGRESSION; GRASSLANDS; QUALITY; CARBON AB Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has potential to provide rapid estimates of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) concentrations in broiler litter to assist managers in establishing application rates of litter to grazing lands that fall within productive and environmentally safe levels. An experiment was conducted to determine accuracy of NIRS estimates of moisture, P, N, and acid detergent fiber (ADF) concentrations in broiler litter. Broiler litter samples were collected from various farms to develop sample sets that were either with or without bedding material, and each sample set was subdivided into processed (i.e., dried and ground) and unprocessed samples to develop local equations for each constituent. Equations were developed by using all samples from each set and using samples following random removal of 20% of total for equation validation. Moisture was determined to be accurately measured by using NIRS based on a high R-2 (>= 0.96), low SEC (<10 g kg(-1)), and high s(x)/SECV (>5.0). ADF also had a high R-2(0.96), but the S-x/SEC (3.00) value was too low for the equation to be considered truly accurate. Estimations of P and N by calibrations that included all samples had a moderate to high R-2 values, but estimations for the validation set were relatively low in R-2 (<= 0.78) and S-x/SEC (<= 2.00). Concentrations of P and N were not estimated by NIRS with a high degree of accuracy, but other methodologies could enhance the usefulness of this technology to rapidly provide these nutrient measures. C1 ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Aiken, GE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, N-220E Ag Sci N,Univ Kentucky Campus, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM geaiken@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 17-18 BP 2529 EP 2539 DI 10.1080/00103620500257028 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JD UT WOS:000235035700018 ER PT J AU Leytem, AB Sims, JT AF Leytem, AB Sims, JT TI Changes in soil test phosphorus from broiler litter additions SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE phosphorus; broiler litter; poultry; p-saturation ID POULTRY LITTER; MEHLICH-3; SATURATION AB Nutrient surpluses on the Delmarva Peninsula have led to a continual accumulation of soil test phosphorus (STP), a potential source for transport of phosphorus (P) to surface waters. This article examines the effects of initial soil test P concentrations and broiler litter additions on STP accumulation. Broiler litter (BL) was applied at rates of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 g kg(-1) (dry weight) to three soils: an Evesboro sandy loam (Mesic, coated Typic Quartzipsamments), a Pocomoke sandy loam (coarse-loamy, siliceous, thermic typic Umbraquults), and a Matapeake silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults). Soils and BL were incubated for 16 weeks with subsamples analyzed after 4 and 16 weeks. There was a linear increase in STP (Mehlich-3), water-soluble P (WS-P), iron-oxide strip-extractable P (FeO-P), and Mehlich-3 phosphorus saturation ratio (M3-PSR) with broiler litter additions. Regression analysis indicated few significant differences in STP response to added BL between soils within the same soil group having different initial STP levels. Correlation analysis and stepwise regression indicated that increases in WS-P and FeO-P from added BL were more closely related to the degree of P saturation of the soil rather than traditional STP measurements. Therefore, decisions regarding manure placement within a watershed should be based on the potential P sorption capacity of the soil as well as potential P transport pathways when the goal is the reduction of P transfer to waterbodies. C1 ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. RP Leytem, AB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM leytem@nwisrl.ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 17-18 BP 2541 EP 2559 DI 10.1080/00103620500257143 PG 19 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JD UT WOS:000235035700019 ER PT J AU Khan, MAR Bolan, NS Mackay, AD AF Khan, MAR Bolan, NS Mackay, AD TI Soil test to predict the copper availability in pasture soils SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE available Cu; chemical form; fractionation; soil test extractants ID MICRONUTRIENTS STATUS; NEW-ZEALAND; EXTRACTION; MEHLICH-3; BIOAVAILABILITY; FRACTIONATION; MANGANESE; METALS; IRON; ZINC AB The proportion of copper (Cu) that can be extracted by soil test extractants varied with the soil matrix. The plant-available forms of Cu and the efficiency of various soil test extractants [(0.01 M Ca(NO3)(2), 0.1 M NaNO3, 0.01 M CaCl2, 1.0 M NH4NO3, 0.1 M 140, 0.02 M SrCl2, Mehfich-1 (M1), Mehlich-3 (M3), and TEA-DTPA.)] to predict the availability of Cu for two contrasting pasture soils were treated With two Sources of Cu fertilizers (CuSO4 and CuO). The efficiency of various chemical reagents in extracting the Cu from the soil followed this order: TEA-DTPA > Mehlich-3 > Mehlich-1 > 0.02 M SrCl2 > 0.1 M HCl > 1.0 M NH4NO3 > 0.01 M CaCl2 > 0.1 M NaNO3 > 0.01 M Ca(NO3)(2). The ratios of exchangeable: organic: oxide bound: residual forms of Cu in M1, M3, and TEA-DTPA for the Manawatu soil are 1:20:25:4, 1:14:8:2, and 1:56:35:8, respectively, and for the Ngamoka soil are 1:14:6:4, 1:9:5:2, and 1:55:26:17, respectively. The ratios of different forms of Cu suggest that the Cu is residing mainly in the organic form. and it decreases in the order: organic > oxide > residual > exchangeable. There was a highly significant relationship between the concentrations of Cu extracted by the three soil test extractants. The determination of the coefficients obtained from the regression relationship between the amounts of Cu extracted by M1. M3, and TEA-DTPA reagents suggests that the behavior of extractants was similar. But M3 demonstrated a greater increase of Cu from the exchangeable form and organic complexes due to the dual activity of EDTA and acids for the different fractions and is best suited for predicting the available Cu in pasture soils. C1 Massey Univ, Coll Sci, Nat Resources Inst, Palmerston North, New Zealand. AgRes, Palmerston North, New Zealand. RP Khan, MAR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM afiqurk@ucr.edu RI Bolan, Nanthi/E-8535-2011 OI Bolan, Nanthi/0000-0003-2056-1692 NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 17-18 BP 2601 EP 2624 DI 10.1080/00103620500257341 PG 24 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JD UT WOS:000235035700023 ER PT J AU Fageria, NK Baligar, VC Bailey, BA AF Fageria, NK Baligar, VC Bailey, BA TI Role of cover crops in improving soil and row crop productivity SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Review DE biological activities; organic matter; soil quality; sustainable system ID NO-TILLAGE CORN; ORGANIC-MATTER CONTENT; WINTER COVER; CONSERVATION-TILLAGE; PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; NITROGEN-SOURCE; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; WATER INFILTRATION; WEED SUPPRESSION AB Cover crops play an important role in improving productivity of subsequent row crops by improving soil physical, chemical, and biological properties. The objective of this article is to review recent advances in cover crops practice, in the context of potential benefits and drawbacks for annual crop production and sustained soil quality. Desirable attributes of a cover crop are the ability to establish rapidly under less than ideal conditions, provide sufficient dry matter or soil cover, fix atmospheric nitrogen (N), establish a deep root system to facilitate nutrient uptake from lower soil depths, produce organic matter with low-residue carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio, and absence of phytoxic or allelopathic effects on subsequent crops. Cover crops can be leguminous or nonleguminous. Leguminous cover crops provide a substantial amount of biologically fixed N to the primary crop, as well as ease of decomposition due to their low C/N ratio. Legume cover crops also possess a strong ability to absorb low available nutrients in the soil profile and can help in increasing concentration of plant nutrients in the surface layers of soil. Some nonleguminous cover crops having high N scavenger capacity compared with leguminous crops and sometimes, the growth of these scavenging grass cover crops is limited by N deficiency, growing grass/legume mixtures appears to be the best strategy in obtaining maximum benefits from cover crops. C1 Natl Rice & Bean Res Ctr Embrapa, BR-75375000 Santo Antonio, Go, Brazil. USDA ARS, USDA ARS, Alternate Crops & Syst Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Fageria, NK (reprint author), Natl Rice & Bean Res Ctr Embrapa, Caixa Postal 179, BR-75375000 Santo Antonio, Go, Brazil. EM fageria@cnpaf.embrapa.br NR 159 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 10 U2 101 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 19-20 BP 2733 EP 2757 DI 10.1080/00103620500303939 PG 25 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JE UT WOS:000235035800008 ER PT J AU Sanchez, FG Leggett, ZH Sankar, S AF Sanchez, FG Leggett, ZH Sankar, S TI Analyzing water soluble soil organics as trifluoroacetyl derivatives by liquid state proton nuclear magnetic resonance SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE water soluble organics; H-1 NMR; root exudates; acetylation ID N-15 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; AQUEOUS EXTRACTS; FOREST LITTER; MATTER; C-13; NITROGEN AB In forested ecosystems, water soluble organics play an important role in soil processes including carbon and nutrient turnover, microbial activity and pedogenesis. The quantity and quality (i.e., chemistry) of these materials is sensitive to land management practices. Monitoring alterations in the chemistry of water soluble organics resulting from land management practices is difficult because of the complexity and low concentration of these compounds. A procedure is described in which the water soluble organics are quantitatively derivatized with trifluoroacetic anhydride and then analyzed by liquid state proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 NMR). The procedure was applied to sample amounts as low as 0.03 mg from the forest floor and root exudates. The root exudate samples were dominated by aliphatic compounds with relatively few O-alkyl, olefinic and aromatic compounds. The chemistry of the samples originating from the forest floor differed dramatically with soil texture and treatment combinations. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Sanchez, FG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM fsanchez@fs.fed.us NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 19-20 BP 2793 EP 2805 DI 10.1080/00103620500304150 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JE UT WOS:000235035800011 ER PT J AU Honeycutt, CW Griffin, TS Wienhold, BJ Eghball, B Albrecht, SL Powell, JM Woodbury, BL Sistani, KR Hubbard, RK Torbert, HA Eigenberg, RA Wright, RJ Jawson, MD AF Honeycutt, CW Griffin, TS Wienhold, BJ Eghball, B Albrecht, SL Powell, JM Woodbury, BL Sistani, KR Hubbard, RK Torbert, HA Eigenberg, RA Wright, RJ Jawson, MD TI Protocols for nationally coordinated laboratory and field research on manure nitrogen mineralization SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE USDA-ARS; national programs; Nmin team; manure N; nitrate; incubation method; water quality AB The National Program structure of USDA-ARS provides an opportunity to coordinate research on problems of national and global significance. A team of USDA-ARS scientists is conducting nationally coordinated research to develop predictions of manure N availability to protect water quality and improve farm solvency. Experimental design and research protocols were developed and used in common across all participating locations. Laboratory incubations are conducted at each location with a minimum of three soils, three temperatures, two wetting/drying regimes, and two manure treatments. A soil from the central United States (Catlin silt loam, fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Argiudoll) is used as an internal reference across all locations. Incubation data are compiled across locations to develop generalized predictions of manure nitrogen mineralization (Nmin). Field validation data are then obtained by monitoring nitrogen (N) transformations in manure-amended soil cores equipped with anion exchange resin to capture leached nitrate. This field data will be used to compare laboratory-based predictions with field observations of Nmin in each soil, climatic zone, and manure type represented. A Decision Support System will then be developed for predicting manure N mineralization across ranges in soil, climate, and manure composition. Protocols used by this research team are provided to 1) document the procedures used and 2) offer others detailed information for conducting research on nutrient transformation processes involving collaboration across locations or complementary research between laboratory and field environments. C1 USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE USA. USDA ARS, Pendleton, OR USA. USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USDA ARS, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. USDA ARS, Auburn, AL USA. RP Honeycutt, CW (reprint author), USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM Wayne.Honeycutt@ars.usda.gov NR 3 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 19-20 BP 2807 EP 2822 DI 10.1080/00103620500304184 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 008JE UT WOS:000235035800012 ER PT J AU Buckner, JS Jones, WA AF Buckner, JS Jones, WA TI Transfer of methyl-branched hydrocarbons from the parasitoid, Eretmocerus mundus, to silverleaf whitefly nymphs during oviposition SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bemisia argentifolii; cuticular lipid; hydrocarbons; dimethyl alkanes; wasp; parasitoid behavior; host-marking ID BEMISIA-ARGENTIFOLII HOMOPTERA; TRIALEURODES-VAPORARIORUM; LIPID-COMPOSITION; ADULT WHITEFLIES; ALEYRODIDAE; TABACI; APHELINIDAE; HYMENOPTERA AB The parasitic wasp Eretmocerus mundus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a natural enemy of the silverleaf whitefly Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), deposits eggs beneath nymphs and not within them. Experiments were designed to establish whether ovipositing E. mundus females leave marking chemicals on nymphs to enable searching females to discriminate parasitized from unparasitized hosts. Cuticular lipids from three experimental treatment groups were characterized: parasitoid-exposed nymphs that had a parasitoid egg between the nymph and leaf-, control nymphs not exposed to E. mundus; and a third treatment condition of parasitized nymphs, held for 10 days after wasp exposure. Lipids were solvent-extracted from the nymphal cuticles of the various treatment groups and the lipid components were characterized and quantified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Results indicated the presence of quantities of C-31 and C-33 dimethylalkanes only from parasitoid-exposed groups of nymphs and not in the extracts from control nymphs or the parasitized nymphs after 10-day exposure. Furthermore, the C-31 and C-33 dimethylalkanes were shown to be major lipid components of the hexane extracts from E. mundus females. Since the lipids were removed from parasitoid-exposed nymphs before interaction with hatched parasitoid larvae, the findings indicated that the dimethylalkanes were transferred onto nymphal cuticles by ovipositing E. mundus females. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, Insect Genet & Biochem Unit, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Lab, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Kida Garza, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Buckner, JS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, Insect Genet & Biochem Unit, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM bucknerj@fargo.ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 140 IS 1 BP 59 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2004.11.001 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 896WH UT WOS:000226964400006 PM 15664313 ER PT J AU Oppert, B Morgan, TD Hartzer, K Kramer, KJ AF Oppert, B Morgan, TD Hartzer, K Kramer, KJ TI Compensatory proteolytic responses to dietary proteinase inhibitors in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae) SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dietary compensation; insect digestion; proteinase inhibitors; Tribolium castaneum ID COLORADO POTATO BEETLES; TRANSGENIC POTATO; ORYZACYSTATIN-I; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; AGROTIS-IPSILON; HELICOVERPA-ZEA; GROWTH; PLANT; CYSTEINE; MIDGUT AB Increasing levels of inhibitors that target cysteine and/or serine proteinases were fed to Tribolium castaneum larvae, and the properties of digestive proteinases were compared in vitro. Cysteine proteinases were the major digestive proteinase class in control larvae, and serine proteinase activity was minor. Dietary serine proteinase inhibitors had minimal effects on either the developmental time or proteolytic activity of T. castaneum larvae. However, when larvae ingested cysteine proteinase inhibitors, there was a dramatic shift from primarily cysteine proteinases to serine proteinases in the proteinase profile of the midgut. Moreover, a combination of cysteine and serine proteinase inhibitors in the diet prevented this shift from cysteine proteinase-based digestion to serine proteinase-based digestion, and there was a corresponding substantial retardation in growth. These data suggest that the synergistic inhibitory effect of a combination of cysteine and serine proteinase inhibitors in the diet of T. castaneum larvae on midgut proteolytic activity and beetle developmental time is achieved through the prevention of the adaptive proteolytic response to overcome the activity of either type of inhibitor. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USDA ARS, N Cent Reg, Grain Marketing & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Oppert, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Reg, Grain Marketing & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM bso@ksu.edu NR 29 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1532-0456 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS C JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C-Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 140 IS 1 BP 53 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2005.01.006 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Toxicology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Toxicology; Zoology GA 916LT UT WOS:000228387200006 PM 15792623 ER PT J AU Kovaleva, ES Subbotin, SA Masler, EP Chitwood, DJ AF Kovaleva, ES Subbotin, SA Masler, EP Chitwood, DJ TI Molecular characterization of the actin gene from cyst nematodes in comparison with those from other nematodes SO COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE actin; gene; (G plus C) content; cyst nematode; Heterodera glycines; Globodera rostochiensis; Panagrellus redivivus. ID CODON USAGE; ONCHOCERCA-VOLVULUS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; LEVEL PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCES; ORGANIZATION; CYTOSKELETON; POLYMORPHISM; PARASITES; PROTEINS AB Actin is an abundant, highly expressed, and much conserved protein belonging to the actin-heat shock protein70-sugarkinase superfamily. The full-length messenger RNAs encoding actin were cloned and characterized from the plant-parasitic cyst nematodes Heterodera glycines and Globodera rostochiensis and from the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus. The actins from the plant-parasitic nematodes showed highest amino acid sequence identity to filarial nematode homologues, whereas nucleotide sequence identity was much lower than that for many actins from very distant organisms, such as vertebrates, plants, or fungi. Analysis of base composition revealed a striking difference between the H. glycines actin gene and those of filarial nematodes in (G + C) content and usage of particular codons. Analysis of genomic DNA revealed the presence of 7 introns in the H. glycines actin gene. The first was atypically long and started with a GC dinucleotide, and the fifth intron occupied a novel site in the catalogue of intron positions known thus far for actin genes. Analysis of the partial genomic DNA sequences obtained from 6 other Heterodera spp. suggested that features shown for the H. glycines actin gene are characteristic for a wide range of cyst nematodes. C1 USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Parasitol, Moscow 117071, Russia. RP Kovaleva, ES (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Bldg 011A,Room 165B, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOC WASHINGTON PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS INC, 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1525-2647 J9 COMP PARASITOL JI Comp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 BP 39 EP 49 DI 10.1654/4138 PG 11 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA 894PJ UT WOS:000226803800008 ER PT J AU Lichtenfels, JR Kharchenko, VA Kuzmina, TA Krecek, RC AF Lichtenfels, JR Kharchenko, VA Kuzmina, TA Krecek, RC TI Differentiation of Cylicocyclus gyalocephaloides of Equus burchelli from Cylicocyclus insigne of Equas caballus (Strongyloidea : Nematoda) SO COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nematoda; Strongyloidea; Cyathostominea; Cyathostomins; Cylicocychis insigne; Cylicocychis gyalocephaloides; Equus caballus; horse; Equus burchelli; zebra; donkey; systematics; nomenclature; Africa ID ZEBRAS AB Specimens of Cylicocyclus insigne (Boulenger, 1917) from Equus caballus and Cylicocyclus gyalocephaloides Ortlepp, 1938 from Equus burchelli were studied to determine whether they should be recognized as separate species. Both are relatively large species with broader than deep buccal capsules with thick, concave walls and a distinct basal external ring; a large esophageal funnel without a thick cuticular lining; and an excretory pore and cervical papillae at or near the junction of the esophagus and intestine. Although the specimens of C. gyalocephaloides are as long or longer than C. insigne, the former have a longer esophagus, males have shorter spicules and a longer gubemaculum, and females have a shorter vagina. In addition, the dorsal papillae of the genital cone of C. gyalocephaloides are more slender than those of C. insigne and bilateral spines present on the genital cones of C. insigne were not found on the available specimens of C. gyalocephatoides. It was concluded that sufficient morphological differences are present between C. insigne of E. caballus and C. gyalocephaloides of E. burchelli to recognize and distinguish both nematode species. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, II Schmalhausen Inst Zool, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. Univ Pretoria, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Lichtenfels, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rlichten@anri.barc.usda.gov; vit@nas.gov.ua; rhabdias@carrier.kiev.ua; krecek@icon.co.za RI Kharchenko, Vitaliy/F-2426-2010 OI Kharchenko, Vitaliy/0000-0002-3824-2078 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOC WASHINGTON PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS INC, 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1525-2647 J9 COMP PARASITOL JI Comp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 BP 108 EP 115 DI 10.1654/4148 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA 894PJ UT WOS:000226803800014 ER PT J AU Jong, L AF Jong, L TI Characterization of soy protein/styrene-butadiene rubber composites SO COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE particle-reinforcement; mechanical properties; soy protein ID LATEX FILMS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CARBON-BLACK; FILLER; PROTEIN; BEHAVIOR; ELASTOMERS AB The use of renewable soy protein aggregates as a reinforcement network in Styrene-butadiene rubber composites is investigated by dynamic mechanical method. The rigid nature of dry protein has a high shear elastic modulus of similar to 2 GPa and therefore is suitable as a reinforcement phase in rubber composites. The addition of soy protein to the rubber composites generates a significant reinforcement effect. The characterization includes the dynamic mechanical and FTIR studies of the annealing effect on the composite modulus. The increasing elastic modulus with time in the constant temperature experiments indicates the hardening of protein through a mechanism of dehydration and structure change. This is also accompanied by an increase in protein density. The apparent rate of modulus increase during annealing at different elevated temperatures up to 140 degrees C does not show significant differences. A comparison is also made with rubber composites prepared from an aqueous dispersion of carbon black. The result indicates dry protein composites have higher shear elastic moduli at the same weight fractions of filler. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jong, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM jongl@ncaur.usda.gov NR 25 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-835X J9 COMPOS PART A-APPL S JI Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 5 BP 675 EP 682 DI 10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.07.010 PG 8 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 910NU UT WOS:000227939300014 ER PT J AU Barone, JR AF Barone, JR TI Polyethylene/keratin fiber composites with varying polyethylene crystallinity SO COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE polymer-matrix composites; fibers; mechanical properties; thermal analysis ID REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES; SEMICRYSTALLINE POLYMER BLENDS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TOUGHNESS MECHANISM; INTERFACE; KERATIN; GLASS AB Short-fiber reinforced composites are made from keratin fibers obtained from poultry feathers and polyethylenes of varying crystallinity. The chemical nature of the polymer and fiber is kept constant and the molecular architecture of the polymer is varied. It is found that low crystallinity polyethylenes are reinforced by keratin fibers but high crystallinity polyethylenes are not. The keratin fibers inhibit crystallinity in low crystallinity polyethylenes but enhance crystallinity in high crystallinity polyethylenes. Microscopy shows increased adhesion between the fibers and the polymer for the more amorphous polyethylenes. A model is presented that describes composite properties as a function of fiber properties and matrix crystallinity. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA, ARS, ANRI, EQL,BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Barone, JR (reprint author), USDA, ARS, ANRI, EQL,BARC W, Bldg 012,Rm 1-3,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM baronej@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-835X J9 COMPOS PART A-APPL S JI Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 11 BP 1518 EP 1524 DI 10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.03.006 PG 7 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 975SK UT WOS:000232682000007 ER PT J AU Schwartz, MK Ralls, K Williams, DF Cypher, BL Pilgrim, KL Fleischer, RC AF Schwartz, MK Ralls, K Williams, DF Cypher, BL Pilgrim, KL Fleischer, RC TI Gene flow among San Joaquin kit fox populations in a severely changed ecosystem SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE gene flow; kit fox; microsatellite; population genetics; Vulpes macrotis mutica ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPES; ONE-MIGRANT; DISPERSAL; INDIVIDUALS; EXTINCTION; MIGRATION; TESTS; SIZE; DIFFERENTIATION; CONSERVATION AB The San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes macrotis mutica) was once ubiquitous throughout California's San Joaquin Valley and its surrounds. However, most of its habitat has been lost to irrigated agriculture, urban development, and oil fields. The remaining foxes are concentrated in six areas, although there are several small pockets of foxes throughout the Valley. To help conserve kit foxes, we sought an ecological understanding of the level of genetic variation remaining in these locations and the extent of gene flow among them. We collected tissue from 317 kit foxes from 8 sites and estimated genetic variability in and gene flow among sites using data from 8 polymorphic, microsatellite markers. We found no differences in both observed and expected heterozygosity between locations using Bonferonni corrected paired t-tests. We found differences in mean number of alleles per locus, even after we used Monte Carlo simulations to adjust for sample size differences. Population subdivision was low among sites (F-st=0.043), yet a matrix of pairwise F-st values was correlated with a matrix of pairwise geographic distances. An assignment test classified only 45% of the individuals to the site where they were captured. Overall, these data suggest that kit fox dispersal between locations may still maintain genetic variation throughout most of the areas we sampled. C1 Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. USDA, USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. Calif State Univ Stanislaus, Dept Biol Sci, Turlock, CA 95382 USA. Calif State Univ Stanislaus, Endangered Species Recovery Program, Turlock, CA 95382 USA. Calif State Univ, Endangered Species Recovery Program, Bakersfield, CA 93389 USA. RP Schwartz, MK (reprint author), Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM mkschwartz@fs.fed.us RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367 NR 68 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 6 IS 1 BP 25 EP 37 DI 10.1007/s10592-004-7719-8 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 910ND UT WOS:000227937300003 ER PT J AU Arthur, EL Rice, PJ Rice, PJ Anderson, TA Baladi, SM Henderson, KLD Coats, JR AF Arthur, EL Rice, PJ Rice, PJ Anderson, TA Baladi, SM Henderson, KLD Coats, JR TI Phytoremediation - An overview SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE hyperaccumulation; phytodegradation; phytoextraction; phytofiltration; phytoimmobilization; phytostabilization; rhizodegradation; rhizofiltration ID GAMMA-GLUTAMYLCYSTEINE SYNTHETASE; GENETICALLY-ENGINEERED PLANTS; TRANSGENIC POTATO PLANTS; MEDICAGO-SATIVA ALFALFA; INDIAN MUSTARD; HEAVY-METALS; HERBICIDE METABOLISM; CONTAMINATED SOILS; TOXIC METALS; TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS AB The use of plants (directly or indirectly) to remediate contaminated soil or water is known as phytoremediation. This technology has emerged as a more cost effective, noninvasive, and publicly acceptable way to address the removal of environmental contaminants. Plants can be used to accumulate inorganic and organic contaminants, metabolize organic contaminants, and encourage microbial degradation of organic contaminants in the root zone. Widespread utilization of phytoremediation can be limited by the small habitat range or size of plants expressing remediation potential, and insufficient abilities of native plants to tolerate, detoxify, and accumulate contaminants. A better understanding and appreciation of the potential mechanisms for removing contaminants from the root zone and the interaction between plants, microorganisms, and contaminants will be useful in extending the application of phytoremediation to additional contaminated sites. C1 Bayer CropSci, Stilwell, KS 66085 USA. USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. BASF Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Inst Environm & Human Hlth, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Bechtel Savannah River Inc, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Entomol, Pesticide Toxicol Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Arthur, EL (reprint author), Bayer CropSci, 17745 S Metcalf Ave, Stilwell, KS 66085 USA. EM ellen.arthur@bayercropscience.com NR 130 TC 111 Z9 120 U1 8 U2 104 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0735-2689 EI 1549-7836 J9 CRIT REV PLANT SCI JI Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. PY 2005 VL 24 IS 2 BP 109 EP 122 DI 10.1080/07352680590952496 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 941JU UT WOS:000230211900002 ER PT J AU Culliney, TW AF Culliney, TW TI Benefits of classical biological control for managing invasive plants SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE biological invasions; benefit-cost analysis; natural enemies; nontarget effects; nonindigenous species; weeds ID PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECT FAUNAS; NATIVE CIRSIUM THISTLES; CACTOBLASTIS-CACTORUM LEPIDOPTERA; RHINOCYLLUS-CONICUS COLEOPTERA; SOUTH-AFRICA; HOST-SPECIFICITY; ALIEN PLANTS; UNITED-STATES; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION AB As a result of the rapid expansion in international travel and trade over the past few decades, invasive plants have become a problem of global proportions. Plant invasions threaten the existence of endangered species and the integrity of ecosystems, and their ravages cost national economies tens of billions of dollars every year. Strategies for managing the threats posed by plant invasions involve three main tactics: prevention, eradication, and control. The effectiveness of prevention, involving enactment of legislation to prohibit the entry and spread of noxious alien plants, has been questioned. Eradication of all but the smallest, most localized weed infestations generally is not regarded as economically feasible. Conventional weed control techniques, such as mechanical and chemical controls, because they are expensive, energy and labor intensive, and require repeated application, are impractical for managing widespread plant invasions in ecologically fragile conservation areas or low-value habitat, such as rangelands and many aquatic systems. In addition, mechanical means of control disturb the soil and may cause erosion; chemical herbicides have spurred the evolution of resistance in scores of weed species and, further, may pose risks to wildlife and human health. Because of drawbacks associated with conventional weed control methods, classical biological control, the introduction of selective exotic natural enemies to control exotic pests, increasingly is being considered and implemented as a safe, cost-effective alternative to address the invasive plant problem. Worldwide, biological weed control programs have had an overall success rate of 33 percent; success rates have been considerably higher for programs in individual countries. Benefits are several-fold. Biological control is permanent, energy-efficient, nonpolluting, and inexpensive relative to other methods. Economic returns on investment in biological weed control have been spectacular in some cases, and range from an estimated benefit/cost ratio of 2.3 to 4000 or more. Although the risks involved in biological control in general are considered unacceptable by some, biological weed control in particular has had an enviable safety record. Since establishment of the stringent standards and regulatory apparatus currently in place in the United States and elsewhere, there have been no reported cases of biological weed control causing Significant harm to nontarget populations or to the environment at large. C1 USDA, APHIS, PPQ,Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Plant Epidemiol & Risk Anal Lab, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Culliney, TW (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, PPQ,Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Plant Epidemiol & Risk Anal Lab, 1730 Vars Dr,Suite 300, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM thomas.w.culliney@aphis.usda.gov NR 235 TC 49 Z9 55 U1 14 U2 87 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0735-2689 J9 CRIT REV PLANT SCI JI Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. PY 2005 VL 24 IS 2 BP 131 EP 150 DI 10.1080/0735268059091649 PG 20 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 941JU UT WOS:000230211900004 ER PT B AU Gealy, DR AF Gealy, DR BE Gressel, J TI Gene movement between rice (Oryza sativa) and weedy rice (Oryza sativa) - a US temperate rice perspective SO Crop Ferality and Volunteerism LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Crop Ferality and Volunteerism - A Threat to Food Security in the Transgenic Era CY MAY 24-28, 2004 CL Bellagio, ITALY SP Rockefeller Fdn ID IMIDAZOLINONE-TOLERANT RICE; HERBICIDE-RESISTANT RICE; DOMESTICATION-RELATED TRAITS; RED RICE; CULTIVATED RICE; GLUFOSINATE RESISTANCE; HYBRID POPULATIONS; FIELD-EVALUATION; SEED DORMANCY; O-RUFIPOGON C1 USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Gealy, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. NR 93 TC 30 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 5 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 0-8493-2895-0 PY 2005 BP 323 EP 354 DI 10.1201/9781420037999.ch20 PG 32 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BCL10 UT WOS:000229824000020 ER PT J AU Riday, H Brummer, EC AF Riday, H Brummer, EC TI Heterosis in a broad range of alfalfa germplasm SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIPLOIDS AB Crosses between Medicago sativa L. subsp. sativa and subsp.falcata (L.) Arcang. produce progeny exhibiting heterosis for biomass yield. The purpose of this study was to determine which subsp.falcata germplasm produced the best hybrids in testcrosses with-elite subsp. sativa material to guide future breeding efforts. Over 100 falcata genotypes from 40 populations were test crossed to four elite saliva populations. Testcross progeny and parental clones were grown for 2 yr in two locations and harvested three times per year to determine biomass yield. A broad range of testcross performance was observed, with mean heterosis values approximately zero. The highest yielding sativa-falcata hybrids were derived from European falcata germplasm. North American semi-improved falcata germplasm performed well in hybrid testcrosses. Preselection of parental falcata genotypes for autumn growth was associated with higher yielding testcross progeny. Positive heterosis was seen during the first harvest, but negative heterosis was often observed during second and, to a smaller extent, third harvests. Superior sativa-falcata hybrids were observed that showed good biomass yield and heterosis during all three harvests. Parental yield was least predictive of hybrid progeny yield during first harvest (h(2) = 0.12). Heritability increased during second and third harvest to 0.31 and 0.33, respectively. Expected genetic gain per selection cycle is greater from progeny testing compared with simple recurrent phenotypic selection. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Iowa State Univ, Raymond F Baker Ctr Plant Breeding, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Riday, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM riday@wisc.edu RI Riday, Heathcliffe/C-6091-2009 NR 27 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 8 EP 17 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300002 ER PT J AU Diaby, M Casler, MD AF Diaby, M Casler, MD TI RAPD marker variation among divergent selections for fiber concentration in smooth bromegrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER; INCREASED GRAIN-YIELD; ZEA-MAYS-L; NUTRITIONAL-VALUE; RECURRENT SELECTION; FREQUENCY CHANGES; FORAGE QUALITY; FLINT LINES; MAIZE; POPULATIONS AB Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) is considered the laboratory measure most closely correlated with voluntary intake of forages by ruminant livestock. The objectives of this study were to create smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) populations divergent for NDF concentration in four smooth bromegrass germplasm pools and to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker changes in these divergently selected populations. Two cycles of divergent phenotypic selection led to significant linear responses in NDF among selection cycles for all germplasm pools. Within-population variation for RAPD markers was large, reflecting the outcrossing reproduction and the complex inheritance of smooth bromegrass. However, analysis of molecular variance revealed significant genetic differences among selected populations. Analysis of genetic distances showed that each cycle of selection created additional divergence, both among cycles and among germplasm pools. Up to 15 RAPD markers were associated with selection in each population, but only one marker was consistently associated with selection for NDF across all four germplasm pools (linear, homogeneous slopes, no drift). Some of the RAPD markers appear to have utility for marker selection or marker-assisted selection (MAS) to modify NDF concentration. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 44 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 27 EP 35 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300004 ER PT J AU Casler, MD AF Casler, MD TI Agricultural fitness of smooth bromegrass populations selected for divergent fiber concentration SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AFFECTING QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; CELL-WALL CONSTITUENTS; REED CANARYGRASS; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; RECURRENT SELECTION; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; QUALITY TRAITS; YIELD; CHARACTERS; DIGESTIBILITY AB Selection for reduced neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration has been used as a mechanism of improving intake potential of perennial grasses by ruminant livestock. However, reduced NDF concentration is typically associated with reduced forage yield, although the reasons for this genetic correlation are unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine the relative contributions of pleiotropy, linkage, and drift to the genetic correlation of NDF concentration with four agricultural fitness traits: forage yield, survival, seed yield, and lodging. These traits were measured on four smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) populations that had undergone one cycle of divergent selection for NDF concentration. Selection responses for forage yield were linear and homogeneous, suggesting pleiotropic effects. Growth and expansion of the cell wall appears to be essential for accumulation of forage yield, lending a certain allometry to these two traits. However, natural selection within swards appeared to regulate this response, because forage yield responses disappeared by the third production year. Selection responses for survival and lodging were linear, but nonhomogeneous, suggesting linkage. Selection responses for seed yield appeared to be regulated by all three phenomena, with drift (asymmetry) the most important. Seed yield is highly sensitive to inbreeding depression, which occurs as a result of drift. Short-term divergent selection experiments, analyzed by a factorial ANOVA model, provide a mechanism to identify genetic phenomena responsible for observed genetic correlations. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 36 EP 43 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300005 ER PT J AU Casler, MD Diaby, M Stendal, C AF Casler, MD Diaby, M Stendal, C TI Heterosis and inbreeding depression for forage yield and fiber concentration in smooth bromegrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; BUFFALOGRASS BUCHLOE-DACTYLOIDES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NUTRITIONAL-VALUE; RAPD VARIATION; MAIZE INBREDS; SELECTION; POPULATIONS; PERFORMANCE; MARKERS AB Voluntary intake is generally considered to be the single most important factor limiting animal performance on high-forage diets. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) is the laboratory variable most closely associated with voluntary intake potential. However, selection for low NDF generally leads to reduced forage yield. The objectives of this study were to estimate the correlation between forage yield and NDF and to determine heterotic responses for both traits. Seven clones of smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) were crossed in a diallel and four of the clones were self-pollinated to create S1 families. The seven parent clones showed considerable diversity, as measured by 329 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, mostly related to their pedigrees. The phenotypic correlation between forage yield and NDF decreased across generations, from 0.86 for parents, to 0.63 for GCA effects, and 0.49 for the 21 cross means. The genotypic correlation between forage yield and NDF was reduced from 0.99 for parents to 0.71 for the 21 crosses. Forage yield heterosis effects averaged 14% with a range of -4 to 39%, with 15 of 21 values significantly different from zero. Midparent heterosis effects for NDF averaged -0.5% with a range of -3.1 to 2.6%, with seven of 21 values significantly different from zero. Midparent heterosis effects for forage yield and NDF had a moderate correlation of 0.44. The change in correlations across generations suggested that a part of the genetic correlation between forage yield and NDF is regulated by linkage. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 47 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 44 EP 50 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300006 ER PT J AU Lu, H Redus, MA Coburn, JR Rutger, JN McCouch, SR Tai, TH AF Lu, H Redus, MA Coburn, JR Rutger, JN McCouch, SR Tai, TH TI Population structure and breeding patterns of 145 US rice cultivars based on SSR marker analysis SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; DISEASE GENES; MICROSATELLITE; GENOME; DNA; REGISTRATION; POLYMORPHISMS; ASSOCIATION; DIVERSITY AB This study was undertaken to investigate the population structure of U.S. rice (Oryza sativa L.). A total of 115 U.S. rice cultivars and 30 ancestral accessions introduced from Asia were genotyped by means of 169 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that are well distributed throughout the rice genome. SSR-based clustering analysis identified three groups of U.S. rice cultivars that were recognizable as temperate japonica with short to medium grains, tropical japonica with medium grains, and tropical japonica with long grains. Indica cultivars were represented among ancestral accessions, but always clustered independently. Indica germplasm has been used for cultivar improvement, but never directly in U.S. rice production. Cluster analysis of cultivars based on four time periods representing their first release date or introduction (1900-1929, 1930-1959, 1960-1979, and 1980-2000) resulted in the identification of the same three groups. This suggests that the population structure in U.S. rice was established before 1930 and remains essentially intact today, despite a large amount of controlled crossing and artificial selection as a part of the breeding process. Fifty-seven percent of U.S. rice cultivars were developed from intragroup crosses, indicating the availability of substantial genetic variability within each group. Similar results were obtained using genetic distance-based and model-based clustering methods. Information about population structure and associated phenotypic characteristics recognized by geneticists and breeders paves the way for coordinated association mapping studies in the future. C1 Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Dept Agron & Range Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, A DuPont Co, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Tai, TH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Dept Agron & Range Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM thtai@ucdavis.edu NR 41 TC 81 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 66 EP 76 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300009 ER PT J AU Klindworth, DL Hareland, GA Elias, EM Xu, SS AF Klindworth, DL Hareland, GA Elias, EM Xu, SS TI Agronomic and quality characteristics of 1AS.1AL-1DL translocation lines of durum wheat carrying glutenin allele Glu-D1d SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BREAD-MAKING QUALITY; PHYSICAL DOUGH PROPERTIES; BREADMAKING QUALITY; HEXAPLOID TRITICALE; BAKING PROPERTIES; STORAGE PROTEINS; SUBUNIT; STRENGTH; GENE; HMW AB Markets for durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) could be expanded if cultivars with dual-purpose end-use could be developed. The Glu-Did allele, located on chromosome ID of bread wheat (T. aestivum L.), encodes for high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits 1Dx5 and 1Dy10, and this allele is highly desirable for good baking quality. Lines of durum carrying Glu-D1d on a 1AS.1AL-1DL translocation chromosome and also segregating for the low-molecular-weight I (LMWI; weak gluten) or low-molecular-weight 11 (LMWII; strong gluten) allele of Glu-B3 were available for this study. Our objective was to test the agronomic and baking quality of the 1AS.1AL-1DL translocation lines. The translocation lines in a 'Renville' background, and carrying either the LMWI or LMWI banding patterns, were grown in yield trials conducted at two North Dakota environments from 1998 through 2002. Grains from translocation lines were milled and mixing and baking characteristics were determined. Grain yield of translocation lines were lower than that of Renville, but the two highest yielding translocation lines were similar to Renville for lodging score, heading date, and plant height. The translocation lines had reduced 1000-kernel weight and a significant genotype X environment interaction for farinogram characteristics. Compared with Renville, mean loaf volumes were not improved. Translocation lines having LMWI had better mixing stability and loaf volume than lines having LMWII. While the results suggest agronomic traits can be sufficiently improved, commercial production of the translocation lines may not be feasible without more consistent mixing traits and improved baking characteristics. C1 USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Klindworth, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, POB 5677,State Univ Stn, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM klindwod@fargo.ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 77 EP 84 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300010 ER PT J AU Edme, SJ Miller, JD Glaz, B Tai, PYP Comstock, JC AF Edme, SJ Miller, JD Glaz, B Tai, PYP Comstock, JC TI Genetic contribution to yield gains in the Florida sugarcane industry across 33 years SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENT ERAS; CULTIVARS; IMPROVEMENT; SELECTION AB Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a successful Crop in the Florida Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) that is characterized by high-N organic and low-fertility sandy soils, periodic freeze, and flood events. After 50 yr of breeding, the possibility of a yield plateau was investigated in the cooperative Florida sugarcane breeding program via an assessment of yield gains in the industry and an evaluation of the contribution attributed to breeding efforts. Long-term commercial and selection trial data, covering a 33-yr period (1968-2000), were used in single-degree-of-freedom regression analyses to determine rates of improvement in sucrose content (SC; kg Mg-1), cane yield (CY; Mg ha(-1)), and sugar yield (SY; Mg ha(-1)). Analyses of commercial data reflected yearly increases of 0.80 +/- 0.08 kg Mg-1 of cane for SC, 0.31 +/- 0.10 Mg ha(-1) for CY, and 0.10 +/- 0.01 Mg ha(-1) for SY. Corresponding gains from selection trial data were 0.74 +/- 0.15 kg Mg-1, 1.06 +/- 0.40 Mg ha(-1), and 0.16 +/- 0.05 Mg ha(-1), respectively. Improvements were significant for all three traits across plant-cane, and first- and second-ratoon crops grown on organic soils but not on sandy soils. About 69% of the total gain in SY was attributed to the cooperative Canal Point public breeding program, via a greater allocation of assimilates toward sucrose accumulation, resulting in a contribution of $99 to 203 million as additional profits to the Florida economy across the 33 yr. The genetic potential of the working germplasm has not been exhausted (no evidence of a yield plateau for SC) in this sugarcane breeding program. These gains and future advances are possible because of the use of a diverse gene pool and a breeding strategy that integrates growers' participation into the program. C1 USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. RP Edme, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM sedme@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 92 EP 97 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300012 ER PT J AU Brooks, TD Williams, WP Windham, GL Willcox, MC Abbas, HK AF Brooks, TD Williams, WP Windham, GL Willcox, MC Abbas, HK TI Quantitative trait loci contributing resistance to aflatoxin accumulation in the maize inbred Mp313E SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; KERNEL INFECTION; INOCULATION TECHNIQUES; GERMPLASM LINE; REGISTRATION; CORN; INHERITANCE; MISSISSIPPI; GENOTYPES; HYBRIDS AB Aflatoxin is a carcinogenic and toxic compound produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus (Link:fr) that can be found at detrimentally high concentrations in maize (Zea mays L.) grain. Screening has led to the discovery of sources of resistance to aflatoxin accumulation in maize, but associated poor agronomic characteristics and complex inheritance have limited transfer of resistance to elite inbreds. A set of 210 F-2:3 families derived from a cross between inbred lines Mp313E (resistant) and B73 (susceptible) was evaluated in replicated trials in four environments for resistance to aflatoxin accumulation. Families were also genotyped using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to develop a genetic map for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. Composite interval mapping (CIM) was used to identify 2, 3, 5, and 3 QTL within the tests at Stoneville (2000) and Mississippi State (2000, 2001, 2002), respectively. The QTL were primarily additive in nature, with Mp313E contributing to reduced aflatoxin concentration in all but one case. Two QTL regions were significant in at least three environments. The afl3 locus, represented by marker bnlg371, was located on chromosome two and accounted for 7 to 18% of variation in aflatoxin levels depending on environment. The afl5 locus, represented by marker bnlg2291, was located on chromosome four, with explained variance ranging from 8 to 18%. This QTL has been noted in earlier studies whereas afl3 is new. Identified QTL confirm important regions influencing aflatoxin accumulation previously identified and present new ones of equal effect. C1 USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Brooks, TD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM tbrooks@msa-msstate.ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 59 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 171 EP 174 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300021 ER PT J AU Mahan, JR Wanjura, DF AF Mahan, JR Wanjura, DF TI Seasonal patterns of glutathione and ascorbate metabolism in field-grown cotton under water stress SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID REDUCTASE ACTIVITY; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ACTIVE OXYGEN; PLANTS; CULTIVARS; SYSTEMS; DEFICIT; BIOSYNTHESIS; ANTIOXIDANTS AB The goal of this study was to identify water-stress-related limitations in the antioxidant protection in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in the field. Cotton was grown under full irrigation and severe-to-moderate water deficits in both years of the study. The amount and form of glutathione (5-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine) were monitored in both years, while the antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase, the amount of ascorbate, and the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) were monitored in the second year of the study. The amount of glutathione varied (> 2X) during the sampling interval, though there was no effect of water treatment on the variation. The ratio of reduced/oxidized glutathione varied seasonally, but not in response to water deficits. Gluthione reductase activity varied (approximate to 5X) seasonally, but again not in response to water deficits. The amount of ascorbate and the activity of ascorbate peroxidase were increased under water stress (approximate to 5 X and 1.5 X, respectively). The amount of MDA (an indicator of oxidative damage) varied seasonally (approximate to 2X), though not in response to water stress. While glutathione metabolism appears sufficient for oxidative stresses resulting from field-water deficits, altered ascorbate metabolism may be a response to water deficits in the field. Malondialdehyde amount did not increase with water stress, suggesting that antioxidant metabolism was sufficient for the oxidative stresses. It is apparent that antioxidant metabolism in these plants exposed to water deficits under production conditions was sufficient to protect against oxidative damage. C1 USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Mahan, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM jmahan@lbk.ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 193 EP 201 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300024 ER PT J AU Steppuhn, H van Genuchten, MT Grieve, CM AF Steppuhn, H van Genuchten, MT Grieve, CM TI Root-zone salinity: I. Selecting a product-yield index and response function for crop tolerance SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID STRESS AFFECTS GROWTH; SALT TOLERANCE; SOIL-SALINITY; GRAIN-YIELD; PLANT-GROWTH; SPRING WHEAT; IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT; SELENIUM ACCUMULATION; SULFATE SALINITY; VEGETABLE CROPS AB Six empirical functions were compared for describing the product yields of agricultural crops grown while subject to increasing levels of root-zone salinity. The four nonlinear functions fit the test data from a spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Biggar) experiment conducted in Canada's Salt Tolerance Testing Facility closer than the two linear functions. Although each of the four nonlinear declining functions could reasonably describe the data, the modified compound-discount equation recorded the lowest root mean square error and the highest R-2 value. Additional response data using the nonlinear discount function obtained from 33 separate trials averaged 11% closer in statistical fit and 45% lower in statistical error than the best linear function. The discount function {Y-r = 1/(1 + [(C/C-50)(exp(SC50))]} follows a sigmoidal form and relates relative yield (Y-r) to a measure of root-zone salinity (C) such as the solute concentration with an electrical conductivity of an equivalent saturated soil paste extract (ECe). This function features two parameters, the salinity level producing 50% of the nonsaline crop yield (C-50) and the absolute value of the general decline in relative yield with salinity at and near C50, the steepness constant (s). These parameters combine to form a single-value, salinity-tolerance index (ST-Index) consisting of the 50% reduction in crop yield (C50) plus the tendency to maintain some product yield as the crop is subjected to increasing salinity levels approaching C-50, i.e., ST-Index = C-50 + s(C-50). The ST-Index for the Biggar wheat registered 6.44. Approximations for C-50 and s can be derived from the threshold salinity (C,) and declining slope (b) parameters of the threshold-slope linear response function [Y-r = 1 - b(C - C-t)]. Procedures for converting C-t to C-50 and b to s offer linkages between these linear and nonlinear response function parameters, and are further explored in this paper's companion. The resulting ST-Index-values equal 6.56, 9.43, and 5.67 for sample field (corn, Zea mays L.), forage (alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. and falcata L.), and vegetable (radish, Raphanus sativus L.) crops, respectively. C1 Agr & Agri Food Canada, Semiarid Prairie Agr Res Ctr, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada. USDA, Soil Phys Pesticide Unit, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. USDA, Plant Sci Grp, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. RP Steppuhn, H (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Semiarid Prairie Agr Res Ctr, Box 1030, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada. EM SteppuhnH@agr.gc.ca RI van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013 OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858 NR 102 TC 59 Z9 65 U1 7 U2 31 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 209 EP 220 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300026 ER PT J AU Steppuhn, H van Genuchten, MT Grieve, CM AF Steppuhn, H van Genuchten, MT Grieve, CM TI Root-zone salinity: II. Indices for tolerance in agricultural crops SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY; SALT TOLERANCE; VEGETATIVE GROWTH; SOIL-SALINITY; GRAIN-YIELD; SEED YIELD; MUSKMELON CULTIVARS; LEACHING FRACTION; SUGAR-CANE; GERMINATION AB This paper provides the tools for distinguishing levels of tolerance to root-zone salinity in agricultural crops. Such distinction rests on the response of a crop's product yield following the declining, sigmoid-shaped, modified compound-discount function {Y-r = 1/[1 + (C/C-50)(exp(SC50))]} for plants grown as crops exposed to increasing root-zone salinity. This nonlinear function relates relative yield (Y-r,) to root-zone salinity (C) measured in equivalent saturated soil-paste extract electrical conductivity with two nonlinear parameters, the salinity level producing 50% of the nonsaline crop yield (C-50) and a response curve steepness constant (s) equal to the absolute value of the mean dY(r)/dC from Y-r = 0.3 to 0.7. These discount parameters suggest the existence of a single-value salinity tolerance index (ST-Index) equal to the 50% reduction in crop yield from that of the nonsaline yield plus a tendency to maintain some product yield as the crop is subjected to salinity levels approaching C-50, i.e., ST-Index = C-50 + s(C-50). The explicit purpose of this study is to determine if the discount function using biophysically relevant parameters can be applied to historical data sets. Approximations for C-50 and s were identified in the threshold salinity (C-t) and declining slope (b) parameters of the well-known threshold-slope linear response function. Several procedures for converting C, to C-50 and b to s offer the linkage between these linear and nonlinear response functions. From these procedures, two regression equations, C-50 = 0.988[(0.5/b) + C-t] - 0.252 and s = 1.52b, proved the most appropriate for the eight representative field, forage, and vegetable crops tested. The selected conversion procedures were applied to previously published C-t and b values to obtain a list of the relative root-zone salinity tolerance in agricultural crops. In addition to C-50 and s, values for exp(sC(50)) and the ST-Index were computed for each crop. The revised list provides extension personnel and plant growth modelers the parameter values from a nonlinear analog of crop yield response to root-zone salinity. C1 Agr & Agri Food Canada, Semiarid Prairie Agr Res Ctr, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada. USDA ARS, Soil Phys Pesticide Unit, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. USDA ARS, Plant Sci Grp, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. RP Steppuhn, H (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Semiarid Prairie Agr Res Ctr, Box 1030,Swift Current, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada. EM SteppuhnH@agr.gc.ca RI van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013 OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858 NR 139 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 15 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 221 EP 232 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300027 ER PT J AU Newman, YC Sollenberger, LE Boote, KJ Allen, LH Vu, JCV Hall, MB AF Newman, YC Sollenberger, LE Boote, KJ Allen, LH Vu, JCV Hall, MB TI Temperature and carbon dioxide effects on nutritive value of rhizoma peanut herbage SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FIBER; DIGESTIBILITY; ALFALFA; LIGNIN; MATTER; YIELD; GRASS AB Studies assessing the impact of climate change have focused on plant production, but forage nutritive value, especially of legumes, has often been overlooked. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of increasing temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration on chemical composition and digestibility of rhizoma peanut (RP, Arachis glabrata Benth.) leaf and stem. In vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM), neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDF and ADF), and lignin concentrations were determined for plants grown in all combinations of two CO2 (360 and 700 mumol mol(-1)) and four temperature environments (baseline, or ambient temperature in the greenhouse, B; B + 1.5; B + 3.0; and B + 4.5 degreesC). Forage was sampled every 6 to 8 wk during two growing seasons. Neither increasing CO2 nor temperature affected leaf IVDOM, but stem IVDOM declined from 562 (B) to 552 g kg(-1) (B + 4.5) with increasing temperature in Year I and from 577 to 511 g kg-1 in Year 2. Stem NDF increased with increasing temperature from 556 to 561 g kg(-1) in Year 1 and from 519 to 526 g kg(-1) in Year 2. Stem ADF (412 to 418 g kg(-1)) and lignin (80 to 93 g kg(-1)) increased linearly as temperature increased in 1 of 2 yr. Lignin as a proportion of NDF or ADF (lignin/NDF or lignin/ADF) accounted for a large proportion of the variation in stem IVDOM. The RP nutritive value decreases with increasing air temperature, but it is relatively unaffected by atmospheric CO2 concentrations in the range studied. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Sollenberger, LE (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM les@ifas.ufl.edu OI Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496 NR 29 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 316 EP 321 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300039 ER PT J AU MacKown, CT Carver, BF AF MacKown, CT Carver, BF TI Fall forage biomass and nitrogen composition of winter wheat populations selected from grain-only and dual-purpose environments SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PLANTING DATE; TEST WEIGHT; YIELD; PASTURE; NITRATE; SYSTEM; HARD; SIZE AB Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the foundation of many agricultural enterprises in the southern Great Plains and is grown primarily as either a grain-only (GO) or a dual-purpose (DP, grazing plus grain) crop. Traditionally, cultivars are developed in GO systems. Because of genotype X system interactions, the DP environment may compromise gains in grain yield accrued in GO-developed cultivars. Forage traits for 24 sets of populations (each with unique pedigree) were used to test benefits of tailoring breeding programs for DP wheat. Each set came from the same F-2 source and contained a base (B) F-3 bulk population and F-5 bulk populations mass selected from the F2 within either a GO or DP system. Forage biomass and forage total N and nitrate were measured at the start of fall grazing. Nearly always, the effect of selection environment was consistent across genetic backgrounds. Effect of selection environment on forage biomass of each nursery was significant at P = 0.09 and P = 0.07. In 2001, DP-derived populations produced about 5% less than GO-derived populations; in 2002, the selection effect was not significant (P = 0.38 and 0.30). Selection environment had a significant effect on forage total N, but not nitrate levels. Total N in DP selections was slightly greater (2.5%, P < 0.05) than those from B and GO selections. Forage nitrate was affected by genetic background; mean nitrate-N among the 24 backgrounds ranged from 1.3 to 3.1 mg g(-1) in 2001 and 0.4 to 1.3 mg g(-1) in 2002. Selection in the DP system appears to offer equal or slightly less fall forage biomass without greatly changing forage total N and nitrate concentrations. C1 USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP MacKown, CT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM cmackown@grl.ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 322 EP 328 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300040 ER PT J AU Luo, M Dang, P Guo, BZ He, G Holbrook, CC Bausher, MG Lee, RD AF Luo, M Dang, P Guo, BZ He, G Holbrook, CC Bausher, MG Lee, RD TI Generation of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for gene discovery and marker development in cultivated peanut SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LIPID-TRANSFER PROTEIN; STRESS TOLERANCE; DATABASE; GENOME; RICE; PLANTS; RESISTANCE; REPEATS; SORGHUM; BARLEY AB Expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries for cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were developed from two cDNA libraries constructed by means of mRNA prepared from leaves of peanut line C34-24 (resistant to leaf spots and Tomato spotted wilt virus) and immature pods of peanut line A13 (tolerant to drought stress and preharvest aflatoxin contamination). Randomly selected cDNA clones were partially sequenced to generate a total of 1825 ESTs, 769 from the C34-24 cDNA library and 1056 from the A13 cDNA library, in which 536 and 769 unique ESTs were identified, respectively. Results of BLASTx search showed that 52.8% of the ESTs from leaf tissue and 78.6% of the ESTs from the pod tissue have homology to genes of known function. Approximately 27.3 and 22.1% of ESTs matching homologous sequences in dbEST of GenBank on the basis of BLASTn algorithm have unknown functions. The ESTs were queried against MIPS functional catalog criteria and sorted according to putative function into 15 categories. A total of 1345 ESTs have been released to GenBank(1). Four hundred unigenes have been selected from these ESTs and arrayed on glass slides for gene expression analysis, and 44 EST-derived simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have been characterized for cultivated peanut, in which over 20% of the SSRs produced polymorphic markers among 24 cultivated peanut genotypes. This is the first report of ESTs in cultivated peanut, and further characterization of resistance and stress genes may explain mechanisms functioning in these two peanut lines. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Plant Biotechnol Res, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Guo, BZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM bguo@tifton.usda.gov NR 57 TC 44 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 346 EP 353 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300043 ER PT J AU Casler, MD AF Casler, MD TI Ecotypic variation among switchgrass populations from the northern USA SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION; PANICUM-VIRGATUM; CHLOROPLAST DNA; CROP AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a widely adapted warm-season perennial that has considerable potential as a biofuel crop. Broad species adaptation, natural selection, and photoperiodism have combined to create considerable ecotypic differentiation in switchgrass. The objective of this study was to characterize phenotypic variability among switchgrass ecotypes collected from prairie remnants in the northern USA. Thirty-eight switchgrass collections from 33 prairie-remnant sites and 11 switchgrass cultivars were evaluated for 2 yr at two locations (Arlington and Marshfield, WI) for nine variables: biomass yield, survival, dry matter, lodging, maturity, plant height, holocellullose, lignin, and ash. Autocorrelations, measuring spatial variation, and correlations between phenotypic distances and geographic distances were all nonsignificant. A small amount of variation for maturity, lodging, holocellulose, lignin, and ash could be attributed to latitude and/or longitude of the collection site. Populations from several of the westernmost collection sites clustered with cultivars from the Great Plains, suggesting an ecological basis for some of the phenotypic variation observed. However, there was a considerable amount of phenotypic variability between populations from collection sites in close proximity to each other. Hardiness zones (defined largely by temperature extremes) and ecoregions (defined largely by soil type and historic vegetation) partly define the phenotypic characteristics for many switchgrass populations collected from prairie remnants. Most switchgrass populations can be utilized for conservation and restoration projects throughout a combined ecoregion and hardiness zone without undue concern over contaminating, diluting, or swamping the local switchgrass gene pool. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 28 TC 66 Z9 71 U1 2 U2 25 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 388 EP 398 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300048 ER PT J AU Wang, Z Casler, MD Stier, JC Gregos, JS Millett, SM AF Wang, Z Casler, MD Stier, JC Gregos, JS Millett, SM TI Genotypic variation for snow mold reaction among creeping bentgrass clones SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WINTER STRESS FACTORS; CARBOHYDRATE ACCUMULATION; RESISTANCE; REGISTRATION; WHEAT; TOLERANCE; GRASSES; AUTUMN; NIVALE AB Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is currently the most desirable grass for golf courses in temperate climates. In temperate climates, creeping bentgrass is highly susceptible to snow mold fungi which can cause significant injury and mortality. The objectives of this study were to survey a collection of creeping bentgrass clones for reaction to snow mold fungi (Typhula spp.), to identify clones with potential resistance to snow mold fungi, and to identify ecological factors related to necrotic reactions of creeping bentgrass clones to snow mold fungi. Three hundred sixty creeping bentgrass clones, selected from old golf courses in Wisconsin, were evaluated for necrosis reaction during incubation and recovery periods following inoculation with Typhula ishikariensis Imai or as noninoculated controls. Genotypic variation was observed for tolerance to snow mold and cold, dark (noninoculated) conditions but the two tolerances were uncorrelated with each other. Clones from fairways were more tolerant of snow mold, most likely due to long-term natural selection in the absence of fungicide applications. In a second experiment involving 72 selected clones, selection was successful in identifying divergent groups of clones, although differences between experiments indicated that future selection and breeding should make use of multiple inoculation runs. Resistance to snow mold in creeping bentgrass appears to be nonspecific with respect to race and species of snow mold isolates. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 399 EP 406 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300049 ER PT J AU Shannon, JG Anand, SC Arelli, PR Wrather, JA Sleper, DA AF Shannon, JG Anand, SC Arelli, PR Wrather, JA Sleper, DA TI Registration of 'S99-3181' soybean SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Missouri, Delta Ctr, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USDA ARS, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. RP Shannon, JG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Delta Ctr, POB 160, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. EM shannong@missouri.edu NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 407 EP 408 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300051 ER PT J AU Mebrahtu, T Devine, TE Donald, P Abney, TS AF Mebrahtu, T Devine, TE Donald, P Abney, TS TI Registration of 'Asmara' vegetable soybean SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GENOTYPES; YIELD; TRAITS C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. Purdue State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mebrahtu, T (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Agr Res Stn, POB 9061, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. EM tmebraht@vsu.edu NR 12 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 408 EP 409 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300052 ER PT J AU Hussey, MA Burson, BL AF Hussey, MA Burson, BL TI Registration of 'Frio' buffelgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID APOMICTIC BUFFELGRASS; FERTILIZATION; FREQUENCY C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, Heep Ctr 430, USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Hussey, MA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM mhussey@tamu.edu NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 411 EP 412 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300055 ER PT J AU Grabowski, JM Douglas, JL Lang, DJ Edwards, SD AF Grabowski, JM Douglas, JL Lang, DJ Edwards, SD TI Registration of 'Highlander' eastern gamagrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 USDA, NRCS, Jamie L Whitten Plant Mat Ctr, Coffeeville, MS 38922 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USDA, NRCS, Alexandria, LA 71302 USA. RP Grabowski, JM (reprint author), USDA, NRCS, Jamie L Whitten Plant Mat Ctr, Coffeeville, MS 38922 USA. EM Janet.Grabowski@ms.usda.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 412 EP 413 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300056 ER PT J AU Vogel, KP Reece, PE Baltsensperger, DD Schuman, G Nicholson, RA AF Vogel, KP Reece, PE Baltsensperger, DD Schuman, G Nicholson, RA TI Registration of 'Beefmaker' intermediate wheatgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. Ft Hays State Univ, KSU Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. Ft Hays State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Hays, KS 67601 USA. RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 344 Keim Hall,POB 830937, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM kpv@unlserve.unl.edu NR 7 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 414 EP 415 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300059 ER PT J AU Vogel, KP Tober, D Reece, PE Baltsensperger, DD Schuman, G Nicholson, RA AF Vogel, KP Tober, D Reece, PE Baltsensperger, DD Schuman, G Nicholson, RA TI Registration of 'Haymaker' intermediate wheatgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. USDA, NRCS, N Dakota State Off, Bismarck, ND 58502 USA. Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. Ft Hays State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Hays, KS 67601 USA. Ft Hays State Univ, KSU Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 344 Keim Hall,POB 830937, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM kpv@unlserve.unl.edu NR 5 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 415 EP 416 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300060 ER PT J AU Vogel, KP Tober, D Reece, PE Baltsensperger, DD Schuman, G Nicholson, RA AF Vogel, KP Tober, D Reece, PE Baltsensperger, DD Schuman, G Nicholson, RA TI Registration of 'NU-ARS AC2' crested wheatgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. USDA NRCS, N Dakota State Off, Bismarck, ND 58502 USA. Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. Ft Hays State Univ, KSU Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. Ft Hays State Univ, Dept Sci Biol, Hays, KS 67601 USA. RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 344 Keim Hall,POB 830937, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM kpv@uniserve.unl.edu NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 416 EP 417 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300061 ER PT J AU Griffey, CA Rohrer, WL Pridgen, TH Brooks, WS Chen, J Wilson, JA Nabati, D Brann, DE Rucker, EG Berl, HD Vaughn, ME Sisson, WL Randall, TR Corbin, RA Kenner, JC Dunaway, DW Pitman, RM Bockelman, HE Gaines, C Long, DL McVey, DV Cambron, SE Whitcher, L AF Griffey, CA Rohrer, WL Pridgen, TH Brooks, WS Chen, J Wilson, JA Nabati, D Brann, DE Rucker, EG Berl, HD Vaughn, ME Sisson, WL Randall, TR Corbin, RA Kenner, JC Dunaway, DW Pitman, RM Bockelman, HE Gaines, C Long, DL McVey, DV Cambron, SE Whitcher, L TI Registration of 'McCormick' wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Eastern Virginia Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Warsaw, VA 22572 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Griffey, CA (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM cgriffey@vt.edu NR 2 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 417 EP 419 PG 3 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300062 ER PT J AU Griffey, CA Rohrer, WL Pridgen, TH Brooks, WS Chen, J Wilson, JA Nabati, D Brann, DE Rucker, EG Behl, HD Vaughn, ME Sisson, WL Randall, TR Corbin, RA Kenner, JC Dunaway, DW Pitman, RM Smid, AE Bockelman, HE Gaines, C Long, DL McVey, DV Cambron, SE Whitcher, L AF Griffey, CA Rohrer, WL Pridgen, TH Brooks, WS Chen, J Wilson, JA Nabati, D Brann, DE Rucker, EG Behl, HD Vaughn, ME Sisson, WL Randall, TR Corbin, RA Kenner, JC Dunaway, DW Pitman, RM Smid, AE Bockelman, HE Gaines, C Long, DL McVey, DV Cambron, SE Whitcher, L TI Registration of 'Tribute' wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Eastern Virginia Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Warsaw, VA 22572 USA. Univ Guelph, Ridgetown Coll, Ridgetown, ON N0P 2C0, Canada. USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Griffey, CA (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM cgriffey@vt.edu NR 2 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 419 EP 420 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300063 ER PT J AU Mergoum, M Frohberg, RC Miller, JD Olson, T Rasmussen, JB AF Mergoum, M Frohberg, RC Miller, JD Olson, T Rasmussen, JB TI Registration of 'Dapps' wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, No Crop Sci Lab, USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Mergoum, M (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM mohamed.mergoum@ndsu.nodak.edu RI Mergoum, Mohamed/D-3815-2014 NR 3 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 420 EP 421 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300064 ER PT J AU Edme, SJ Tai, PYP Glaz, B Gilbert, RA Miller, JD Davidson, JO Dunckelman, J Comstock, JC AF Edme, SJ Tai, PYP Glaz, B Gilbert, RA Miller, JD Davidson, JO Dunckelman, J Comstock, JC TI Registration of 'CP 96-1252' sugarcane SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 34430 USA. Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. RP Glaz, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Highway 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM bglaz@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 423 EP 423 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300066 ER PT J AU Willmot, DB Hibbard, BE Barry, BD Antonio, AQ Darrah, LL AF Willmot, DB Hibbard, BE Barry, BD Antonio, AQ Darrah, LL TI Registration of Mo48 and Mo49 maize germplasm lines with resistance to European corn borer SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Willmot, DB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, 204 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM David_Willmot@agilent.com NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 426 EP 427 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300070 ER PT J AU Mengistu, A Kilen, TC Donald, PA AF Mengistu, A Kilen, TC Donald, PA TI Registration of d98-1218 soybean germplasm line resistant to Phytophthora rot (Rps2) and soybean cyst nematode races 3 (HG type 0) and 14 (HG type 1.3.6.7) SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOJAE C1 USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. RP Mengistu, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM amengistu@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 427 EP 428 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300071 ER PT J AU Souza, EJ Goates, BJ Fuentes-Davila, G Udall, JA AF Souza, EJ Goates, BJ Fuentes-Davila, G Udall, JA TI Registration of IDO602 spring wheat germplasm SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. Iowa State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Ames, IA USA. RP Souza, EJ (reprint author), Univ Idaho, POB 870, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM esouza@uidaho.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 428 EP 429 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300072 ER PT J AU Mergoum, M Frohberg, RC Miller, JD Rasmussen, JB Stack, RW AF Mergoum, M Frohberg, RC Miller, JD Rasmussen, JB Stack, RW TI Registration of spring wheat germplasm ND 744 resistant to fusarium head blight, leaf, and stem rusts SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Mergoum, M (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM mohamed.mergoum@ndsu.nodak.edu RI Mergoum, Mohamed/D-3815-2014 NR 5 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 430 EP 431 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300074 ER PT J AU Qualset, CO Soliman, KM Jan, CC Dvorak, JJ McGuire, PE Vogt, HE AF Qualset, CO Soliman, KM Jan, CC Dvorak, JJ McGuire, PE Vogt, HE TI Registration of UC66049 Triticum aestivum blue aleurone genetic stock SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WHEAT; CHROMOSOME C1 Univ Calif Davis, Div Agr & Nat Resources, Genet Resources Conservat Program, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Agron & Range Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Qualset, CO (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Div Agr & Nat Resources, Genet Resources Conservat Program, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM coqualset@ucdavis.edu NR 9 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 432 EP 432 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300075 ER PT J AU Rutger, JN AF Rutger, JN TI Registration of Guichao 2 eui rice genetic stock SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 USDA ARS, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Rutger, JN (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 1090, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM jnrutger@spa.ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 BP 433 EP 433 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 889HY UT WOS:000226435300076 ER PT J AU Zhu, JY Chai, XS AF Zhu, JY Chai, XS TI Some recent developments in headspace gas chromatography SO CURRENT ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE headspace; chromatography; vapor-liquid equilibrium; solubility; kinetics; reaction conversion; phase; full evaporation; multiple headspace extraction ID NITROUS-OXIDE; EXTRACTION; MATRIX; WATER; MS AB In this study, recent developments in headspace gas chromatography (HSGC) are briefly reviewed. Several novel HSGC techniques developed recently are presented in detail. These techniques were developed using the unique characteristics of the headspace sampling process implemented in commercial HSGC systems and therefore can be easily applied in laboratory and industrial practices. These techniques greatly expand the capability of traditional HSGC from simply analysis of volatile species to the measurements of nonvolatile species in solid systems and their properties in aqueous systems. The basic principles of the techniques along with specific applications are presented. These HSGC techniques are practical, accurate, and simple for both laboratory and industrial applications. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Inst Paper Sci & Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1573-4110 J9 CURR ANAL CHEM JI Curr. Anal. Chem. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 1 IS 1 BP 79 EP 83 DI 10.2174/1573411052948488 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 010VH UT WOS:000235225500004 ER PT J AU Ma, XF Gustafson, JP AF Ma, XF Gustafson, JP TI Genome evolution of allopolyploids: a process of cytological and genetic diploidization SO CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; NEWLY SYNTHESIZED AMPHIPLOIDS; AEGILOPS-TRITICUM GROUP; DNA METHYLATION; NUCLEOLAR DOMINANCE; CONCERTED EVOLUTION; POLYPLOID FORMATION; DOSAGE COMPENSATION; DUPLICATED GENES AB Allopolyploidy is a prominent mode of speciation in higher plants. Due to the coexistence of closely related genomes, a successful allopolyploid must have the ability to invoke and maintain diploid-like behavior, both cytologically and genetically. Recent studies on natural and synthetic allopolyploids have raised many discrepancies. Most species have displayed non-Mendelian behavior in the allopolyploids, but others have not. Some species have demonstrated rapid genome changes following allopolyploid formation, while others have conserved progenitor genomes. Some have displayed directed, non-random genome changes, whereas others have shown random changes. Some of the genomic changes have appeared in the F(1) hybrids, which have been attributed to the union of gametes from different progenitors, while other changes have occurred during or after genome doubling. Although these observations provide significant novel insights into the evolution of allopolyploids, the overall mechanisms of the event are still elusive. It appears that both genetic and epigenetic operations are involved in the diploidization process of allopolyploids. Overall, genetic and epigenetic variations are often associated with the activities of repetitive sequences and transposon elements. Specifically, genomic sequence elimination and chromosome rearrangement are probably the major forces guiding cytological diploidization. Gene non-functionalization, sub-functionalization, neo-functionalization, as well as other kinds of epigenetic modifications, are likely the leading factors promoting genetic diploidization. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Gustafson, JP (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM pgus@missouri.edu NR 198 TC 100 Z9 111 U1 2 U2 29 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8581 J9 CYTOGENET GENOME RES JI Cytogenet. Genome Res. PY 2005 VL 109 IS 1-3 BP 236 EP 249 DI 10.1159/000082406 PG 14 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 911EE UT WOS:000227984300032 PM 15753583 ER PT J AU Dong, F Tek, AL Frasca, ABL McGrath, JM Wielgus, SM Helgeson, JP Jiang, J AF Dong, F Tek, AL Frasca, ABL McGrath, JM Wielgus, SM Helgeson, JP Jiang, J TI Development and characterization of potato-Solanum brevidens chromosomal addition/substitution lines SO CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ALIEN ADDITION LINES; CYTOGENETIC DNA MARKERS; SOMATIC HYBRIDS; LATE BLIGHT; CULTIVATED POTATO; SEXUAL PROGENY; BREEDING LINES; RFLP ANALYSIS; SOFT-ROT; TUBEROSUM AB Solanum brevidens is a wild diploid potato species possessing high levels of resistances to several major potato diseases. We previously developed fertile somatic hybrids between S. brevidens and the cultivated potato ( Solanum tuberosum) in order to introgress disease resistances from this wild species into potato. A series of backcross progenies was developed from a hexaploid somatic hybrid A206. Using a combination of S. brevidens-specific randomly amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD) markers and a sequential genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization ( FISH) technique, we identified all 12 S. brevidens chromosomes in the backcross progenies. Seven potato-S. brevidens monosomic chromosome addition lines ( chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10) and one monosomic substitution line ( chromosome 6) were identified, and the remaining four S. brevidens chromosomes ( 2, 7, 11, and 12) were included in two other lines. These chromosomal addition/substitution stocks provide valuable tools for potato cytogenetic research, and can be used to introgress disease resistances from S. brevidens into potato. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, ARS, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Jiang, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jjiang1@wisc.edu RI Tek, Ahmet L./G-5100-2012 OI Tek, Ahmet L./0000-0002-3292-5142 NR 39 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8581 J9 CYTOGENET GENOME RES JI Cytogenet. Genome Res. PY 2005 VL 109 IS 1-3 BP 368 EP 372 DI 10.1159/000082421 PG 5 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 911EE UT WOS:000227984300047 PM 15753598 ER PT S AU Bigelow, J Phares, B Wipf, T Ritter, M Wood, D AF Bigelow, J Phares, B Wipf, T Ritter, M Wood, D GP TRB TI Dynamic field performance of glued laminated timber bridges SO DESIGN OF STRUCTURES 2005 SE TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 84th Annual Meeting of the Transportation-Research-Board CY JAN 09-13, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP US Dept Transportat, US Fed Aviat Adm, US Fed Highway Adm, US Fed Motor Carrier Safety Adm, US Fed Railroad Adm, US Fed Transit Adm, US Natl Highway Traff Safety Adm, US Res & Innovat Technol Adm, NASA, USA Corps Engineers, US Coast Guard, US DOE, US EPA, Transportat Res Board, Transportat Dept 50 States, Puerto Rico & District Columbia AB To use and develop timber structures in transportation better, the U.S. government implemented several national programs starting in the early 1990s to address the needs of the timber industry. One need was to investigate the dynamic field performance of timber bridges in relation to vehicular loading. The AASHTO load and resistance factor design specifications recommend a dynamic load allowance of 0.165 for timber bridges. To investigate this codified value, research was needed to determine the dynamic characteristics of timber bridges and to study their dynamic performance. To obtain dynamic performance data, five glued laminated girder bridges and four longitudinal glued laminated panel bridges were selected for testing. The testing involved loading the nine structures to obtain dynamic performance data including deflection and acceleration, as well as to assess the overall condition state of the bridges. The nine bridges tested were found to have fundamental frequencies between 5 HZ and 11 Hz as well as a dynamic load allowance of less than 0.25. The bridges found to have dynamic amplifications above specified code values were also found to have physical characteristics (i.e., rough entrances) that likely caused the higher dynamic amplification values. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ctr Transportat Res & Educ, Ames, IA 50010 USA. USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Bigelow, J (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ctr Transportat Res & Educ, 2901 S Loop Dr,Suite 3100, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL PI WASHINGTON PA 500 FIFTH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001 USA SN 0361-1981 BN 0-309-09402-X J9 TRANSPORT RES REC PY 2005 IS 1928 BP 155 EP 164 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BDY42 UT WOS:000236114800017 ER PT S AU Hosteng, T Phares, B Wipf, T Ritter, M Wood, D AF Hosteng, T Phares, B Wipf, T Ritter, M Wood, D GP TRB TI Live load deflection performance of glued laminated timber girder bridges SO DESIGN OF STRUCTURES 2005 SE TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 84th Annual Meeting of the Transportation-Research-Board CY JAN 09-13, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP US Dept Transportat, US Fed Aviat Adm, US Fed Highway Adm, US Fed Motor Carrier Safety Adm, US Fed Railroad Adm, US Fed Transit Adm, US Natl Highway Traff Safety Adm, US Res & Innovat Technol Adm, NASA, USA Corps Engineers, US Coast Guard, US DOE, US EPA, Transportat Res Board, Transportat Dept 50 States, Puerto Rico & District Columbia AB To demonstrate and possibly to promote the increased use of timber bridges in U.S. transportation systems, various agencies, including the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Products Laboratory and FHWA, have supported research to develop improved glued laminated timber bridges. This project is part of this research and identifies acceptable live load deflection characteristics of timber bridges. The relationship between live load deflection and the condition of the asphalt wearing surface is of particular interest. To accomplish this, eight glued laminated timber girder bridges were selected for testing. The performance of the bridges was investigated under live load tests and through bridge inspections. The structures were load tested with fully loaded tandem-axle dump trucks, and global and differential deflection data were collected. Field tests revealed that a significant amount of the asphalt wearing-surface deterioration is the result of differential deck panel deflection. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ctr Transportat Res & Educ, Ames, IA 50010 USA. USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Hosteng, T (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ctr Transportat Res & Educ, 2901 S Loop Dr,Suite 3100, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL PI WASHINGTON PA 500 FIFTH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001 USA SN 0361-1981 BN 0-309-09402-X J9 TRANSPORT RES REC PY 2005 IS 1928 BP 174 EP 182 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BDY42 UT WOS:000236114800019 ER PT J AU White, LA Hoyle, CE Jonsson, S Mathias, LJ AF White, LA Hoyle, CE Jonsson, S Mathias, LJ TI Effects of cis-trans isomerization on the photopolymerization behavior of N-vinyl amide monomers SO DESIGNED MONOMERS AND POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE photopolymerization; isomerization; N-vinyl formamide ID TETRAMETHYLENE DIRADICALS; METHYL-METHACRYLATE; POLYMERIZATION; SYSTEM; OXYGEN AB Photopolymerization behavior of three commercially available N-vinyl amide monomers was compared in air and nitrogen. Additionally, a series of N-substituted N-vinyl formamides was synthesized and their reactivities under photolytic initiation conditions (1 mol% 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) at 40 degrees C were studied. Of the five derivatives synthesized, only the benzyl derivative and the N-vinyl formamide (NVF)/methacrylate derivative showed any reactivity toward free radical bulk photopolymerization. It was determined by C-13-NMR analysis that, while the more reactive NVF exists predominantly in the trans conformation with respect to the planar C-N amide bond, the cyclic commercial monomers and the N-substituted derivatives of NVF exist totally or mostly in the cis conformation. The increased cis isomer content has a deleterious effect on polymerization. The cis amide bond is less reactive due to electronic and steric hindrance around the propagating radical center, and the predominance of this isomer leads to low overall reactivity to photolytically catalyzed bulk polymerizations of these monomers. C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70065 USA. Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, So Stn, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. Becker Acroma, S-19502 Marsta, Sweden. RP White, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70065 USA. EM lwhite@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU VSP BV PI ZEIST PA PO BOX 346, 3700 AH ZEIST, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-772X J9 DES MONOMERS POLYM JI Des. Monomers Polym. PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 BP 297 EP 308 DI 10.1163/1568555054460042 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 960YJ UT WOS:000231628800003 ER PT J AU Saini, MS Vasu, V Smith, DR AF Saini, Malkiat S. Vasu, V. Smith, David R. TI Review of the genus Eutomostethus Enslin (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Blennocampinae) from India, with new species and a key to species SO DEUTSCHE ENTOMOLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT LA English DT Review DE revised generic limits; Eutomostethus; Blennocampinae; new species; India AB Ten new species of Eutomostethus from India are described: E. sulcatus, E. unciformis, E. clypeiambus, E. sinuatus, E. circularis, E. canaliculus, E. bifidus, E. emarginatus, E. protrudus, and E. flagellaris. Several generic characters are reevaluated because of variation in some of the additional species. A key is provided for the 45 species now known in India including a summary of the previous literature on the genus. Eutomostethus wed is proposed as a new name for E. distinctus Wei 1997, preoccupied by E. distinctus Saini and Vasu 1996, and Eutomostethus vasui is proposed as a new name for E. sikkimensis Saini and Vasu 1997, preoccupied by E. sikkimensis (Forsius 1931). (C) 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 [Saini, Malkiat S.; Vasu, V.] Punjabi Univ, Dept Zool, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India. [Smith, David R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USDA, PSI,Agr Res Serv,Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USDA, PSI,Agr Res Serv,Systemat Entomol Lab, POB 37012,CE-523,MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0012-0073 J9 DEUT ENTOMOL Z JI Dtsch. Entomol. Z. PY 2005 VL 52 IS 1 BP 139 EP 153 DI 10.1002/mmnd.200210007 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA V44OW UT WOS:000203013000007 ER PT J AU Chen, LQ He, CB Baoprasertkul, P Xu, P Li, P Serapion, J Waldbieser, G Wolters, W Liu, ZJ AF Chen, LQ He, CB Baoprasertkul, P Xu, P Li, P Serapion, J Waldbieser, G Wolters, W Liu, ZJ TI Analysis of a catfish gene resembling interleukin-8: cDNA cloning, gene structure, and expression after infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE interleukin-8; fish; cytokine; catfish; chemokine; alternative splicing; gene ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CHEMOTACTIC CYTOKINES; MOLECULAR-CLONING; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; CXC CHEMOKINES; RECEPTOR; IDENTIFICATION; FAMILY; MIG; LYMPHOCYTES AB Chemokines are important mediators for innate immunity involved in recruitment, activation and adhesion of a variety of leukocyte types to inflammatory foci. While almost all chemokines have been identified from mammals, only a handful of fish chemokines have been identified. Here we report molecular cloning, sequence analysis, and expression of a channel catfish gene resembling interleukin-8 (IL-8). The gene has two alternatively spliced transcripts encoding 114 and 111 amino acids, respectively. The gene has four exons and three introns, typical of the CXC chemokine gene organization. In spite of the structural conservation through evolution, the piscine IL-8 genes showed a much greater sequence divergence than their counterparts among mammals. RT-PCR indicated that both spliced forms were expressed. Expression of the IL-8 like gene was up-regulated 3-5-fold in channel catfish and blue catfish after infection with pathogenic bacteria Edwardsiella ictaluri. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Fish Mol Genet & Biotechnol Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Auburn Univ, Program Cell & Mol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. USDA ARS, Cochran Natl Warm Wate Aquaculture Res Ctr, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Liu, ZJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Fish Mol Genet & Biotechnol Lab, 201 Swingle Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM zliu@acesag.auburn.edu RI Xu, Peng/J-4018-2012 NR 38 TC 65 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2005 VL 29 IS 2 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2004.06.011 PG 8 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 875LK UT WOS:000225421500005 PM 15450753 ER PT J AU He, HQ Lowry, VK Ferro, PJ Kogut, NH AF He, HQ Lowry, VK Ferro, PJ Kogut, NH TI CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide-stimulated chicken heterophil degranulation is serum cofactor and cell surface receptor dependent SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CpG-ODN; TLR9; serum cofactor; degranulation; innate immune response; heterophil; neutrophil; chicken ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-BINDING PROTEIN; ENTERITIDIS-IMMUNE LYMPHOKINES; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; OXIDATIVE BURST; BACTERIAL-DNA; ENDOSOMAL MATURATION; AVIAN HETEROPHILS; INNATE IMMUNITY AB Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing unmethylated CpG motif (CpG-ODN) is immune stimulatory to chicken heterophils. Recognition of CpG-ODN by chicken heterophils leads to the mobilization and release of granules. This CpG-ODN-induced heterophil degranulation was chicken serum (CS)-dependent. Heat-denaturation and membrane filtration of CS revealed that the active serum cofactor(s) was likely a protein in nature with a molecule mass within 50,000 to 100,000. This serum cofactor(s) was heat-resistant at 56degreesC for 1 h. The involvement of a cell surface receptor in recognition of CpG-ODN was also demonstrated by (1) trypsin treatment of the heterophils abrogated the de-granulation response and (2) CpG-ODN-induced heterophil degranulation was sensitive to the inhibition of Clathrin-dependent endocytosis. In addition. among various microbial agonists, including CpG-ODN, lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid, phorbol myristate acetate, and formalin-killed Salmonella enteritidis, CpG-ODN was the only agonist that displayed serum-dependent induction of degranulation in chicken heterophils. This is the first report that shows serum-dependent activation of leukocytes by CpG-ODN. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Anat & Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP He, HQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM he@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 37 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2005 VL 29 IS 3 BP 255 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2004.07.005 PG 10 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 889OK UT WOS:000226452100006 PM 15572073 ER PT J AU Ferro, PJ Swaggerty, CL He, HQ Rothwell, L Kaiser, P Kogut, MH AF Ferro, PJ Swaggerty, CL He, HQ Rothwell, L Kaiser, P Kogut, MH TI Recombinant chicken IL-6 does not activate heterophils isolated from day-old chickens in vitro SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heterophils; interleukin-6; chicken; cytokine; inflammatory response ID ENTERITIDIS-IMMUNE LYMPHOKINES; AVIAN INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; NEONATAL CHICKEN; OXIDATIVE BURST; INTERLEUKIN-6; CYTOKINE; STIMULATION; INVASION; PHAGOCYTOSIS AB Pro-inflammatory cytokines are produced as part of innate immunity. Increased resistance to extraintestinal Salmonella enteritidis (SE) has been associated with an increase in heterophil pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression. Invasion of chicken epithelial cells by SE induces an 8- to 10-fold increase in interleukin (IL) -6 production. Infection with SE induces an influx of heterophils to the site of infection; therefore, we hypothesize heterophils would be responsive to IL-6. The objective was to determine the effects of COS cell-derived recombinant chicken interleukin 6 (rChIL-6) on in vitro functional activity of heterophils. Heterophils were incubated with rChIL-6 or mock-transfected COS cell supernatant and functional activity was assessed. Heterophils treated with rChIL-6 showed no functional differences compared to controls. These data indicate rChIL-6, alone, does not affect the functional activity of neonatal chicken heterophils in vitro. Therefore, the function of IL-6 in the local environment in response to SE invasion is still unknown. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Serv, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. Inst Anim Hlth, Compton RG20 7NN, Berks, England. RP Kogut, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Serv, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM kogut@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2005 VL 29 IS 4 BP 375 EP 383 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2004.08.002 PG 9 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 897TP UT WOS:000227028400008 PM 15859240 ER PT J AU Quiniou, SMA Wilson, M Bengten, E Waldbieser, GC Clem, LW Miller, NW AF Quiniou, SMA Wilson, M Bengten, E Waldbieser, GC Clem, LW Miller, NW TI MHC RFLP analyses in channel catfish full-sibling families: identification of the role of MHC molecules in spontaneous allogeneic cytotoxic responses SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE catfish; allogeneic; cytotoxicity; NK cells; MHC ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LEUKOCYTES; CLASS-I REGION; LINKAGE RELATIONSHIPS; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; RECEPTOR GENES; RAINBOW-TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; HAPLOTYPE VARIATION AB Genes encoding MHC class I and II molecules have been identified in a number of fish species, including the channel catfish, but there is still a dearth of knowledge concerning their functional roles in teleost immune responses. This has in part been due to a lack of appropriate MHC class I and II matched and mismatched animals. To identify such animals, MHC segregation and linkage studies in the channel catfish were undertaken. The results of restriction fragment length polymorphism and fluorescent in situ hybridization studies showed that all the MHC class II genes are linked and most if not all MHC class I genes are linked. These studies also demonstrated that in catfish, as in other teleosts, MHC class I and II genes are not linked. Consequently, catfish matched and mismatched for MHC class I and II genes were identified and preliminary functional studies indicate that spontaneous nonspecific allogeneic cytotoxic responses are likely mediated by differences in MHC class I, but not class II, region molecules. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Mississippi, Ctr Med, Dept Microbiol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. USDA ARS, CGRU, Stoneville, MS 38701 USA. RP Quiniou, SMA (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Ctr Med, Dept Microbiol, 2500 N State St, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM squiniou@ars.usda.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI019530-21, R01AI-19530] NR 45 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2005 VL 29 IS 5 BP 457 EP 467 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2004.08.008 PG 11 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 902OA UT WOS:000227365200007 PM 15707666 ER PT J AU Bilodeau, AL Waldbieser, GC AF Bilodeau, AL Waldbieser, GC TI Activation of TLR3 and TLR5 in channel catfish exposed to virulent Edwardsiella ictaluri SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE toll-like receptors; channel catfish; Edwardsiella ictaluri; ESC; real-time PCR; Ictalurus punctatus; innate immunity; expression ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; NONSPECIFIC IMMUNITY; PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; BACTERIAL FLAGELLIN; ENTERIC SEPTICEMIA; STRAIN DIFFERENCES; GENE-EXPRESSION; CHALLENGE AB Two toll-like receptors (TLR3 and TLR5) were identified from a catfish cDNA fry library based on sequence similarity to other vertebrate TLR genes. Expression (using real-time PCR) of TLR3 and TLR5 was measured for two strains of channel catfish in previously non-exposed fish 2, 5, 8, and 21 days after experimental Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge to determine if TLRs are associated with host response to E. ictaluri infection. Expression of TLR5 was higher than TLR3 (P< 0.0001). TLR3 expression in kidney was elevated in Norris strain (P=0.480) and differed over time in spleen (P=0.0134). Fold induction of TLR5 compared to non-exposed fish increased on days 5 (Norris; 154.72&PLUSMN; 62.12 fold induction) and 8 (USDA103; 164.65&PLUSMN; 50.56) post-exposure in liver and was slightly increased on day 5 (Norris; 10.17&PLUSMN; 24.73, USDA 103; 42.56&PLUSMN; 24.73) in kidney. Upregulation of TLR3 suggests a more widespread function in primitive fish. TLR5 was highly expressed in liver tissue, which may be due to macrophage aggregation during ESC infection. This suggests that toll-like receptors are an important component of the innate immune system of catfish. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Bilodeau, AL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM abilodeau@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 76 Z9 86 U1 2 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2005 VL 29 IS 8 BP 713 EP 721 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2004.12.002 PG 9 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 926YI UT WOS:000229159200005 PM 15854683 ER PT J AU Kogut, MH Iqbal, M He, HQ Philbin, V Kaiser, P Smith, A AF Kogut, MH Iqbal, M He, HQ Philbin, V Kaiser, P Smith, A TI Expression and function of Toll-like receptors in chicken heterophils SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE toll-like receptors; heterophils; signal transduction; proinflammatory cytokines ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; NF-KAPPA-B; IN-SILICO IDENTIFICATION; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; HUMAN NEUTROPHILS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; INNATE IMMUNITY; NITRIC-OXIDE AB The heterophil is the major polymorphonuclear cell in birds with a functional capacity akin to that of the mammalian neutrophil. Herein, we demonstrate that heterophils constitutively express TLRI/6/10, TLR2 type 1, TLR2 type 2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, and TLR7 mRNA. Furthermore, TLR agonists, including flagellin (from Salmonella typhimurium, FGN), peptidoglycan (from Staphylococcus aureus, PGN), ultra-pure lipopolysaccharide (from Salmonella minnesota, LPS), the synthetic double stranded RNA analog [poly(I:C), and the guanosine analog, loxoribine (LOX) directly induced both an oxidative burst and a degranulation response. Interestingly, the synthetic bacterial lipoprotein Pam3CSK4 (palmitoyl-3cysteine-serine-lysine-4, PAM) induced degranulation, but no oxidative burst. The bacterial TLR agonists (PAM, PGN, LPS, and FGN) all induced an up-regulation of expression of mRNA of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-10, IL-6, and IL-8; whereas both poly(I:C) and LOX induced a down-regulation of these cytokine mRNAs. Stimulation of heterophils with each specific TLR agonist led to a differential increase in the phosphorylation of both p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) activation, but not the phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK). The broad TLR expression profile in heterophils reflects their principal role as first line effector cells in avian host defense against bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections. The results demonstrate the differential involvement of TLR-induced signals in the stimulation of transduction pathways that regulate the oxygen-dependent and -independent antimicrobial defense mechanisms of avian heterophils. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. Inst Anim Hlth, Compton RG20 7NN, Berks, England. RP Kogut, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM kogut@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 66 TC 133 Z9 147 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2005 VL 29 IS 9 BP 791 EP 807 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2005.02.002 PG 17 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 940QG UT WOS:000230158400004 PM 15936435 ER PT J AU Swanberg, SE Payne, WS Hunt, HD Dodgson, JB Delany, ME AF Swanberg, SE Payne, WS Hunt, HD Dodgson, JB Delany, ME TI Telomerase activity and differential expression of telomerase genes and c-myc in chicken cells in vitro (vol 231, pg 14, 2004) SO DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Delany, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, 2131D Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM medelany@ucdavis.edu OI Swanberg, Susan/0000-0001-7487-7065 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1058-8388 J9 DEV DYNAM JI Dev. Dyn. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 232 IS 1 BP 245 EP 245 DI 10.1002/dvdy.20245 PG 1 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Developmental Biology SC Anatomy & Morphology; Developmental Biology GA 884AR UT WOS:000226057500025 ER PT J AU Grassi, D Necozione, S Lippi, C Croce, G Valeri, L Pasqualetti, P Desideri, G Blumberg, JB Ferri, C AF Grassi, D Necozione, S Lippi, C Croce, G Valeri, L Pasqualetti, P Desideri, G Blumberg, JB Ferri, C TI Flavanol-rich dark chocolate improves insulin sensitivity, decreases blood pressure and ameliorates endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, in patients with essential hypertension SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes CY SEP 10-15, 2005 CL Athens, GREECE SP European Assoc Study Diabet C1 Univ Aquila, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI Grassi, Davide/O-6519-2015 OI Grassi, Davide/0000-0003-1005-4689 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PY 2005 VL 48 SU 1 MA 573 BP A211 EP A211 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 962OX UT WOS:000231743201172 ER PT J AU Bestelmeyer, BT AF Bestelmeyer, BT TI Does desertification diminish biodiversity? Enhancement of ant diversity by shrub invasion in south-western USA SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE desert grassland; Dorymyrmex bicolor; Forelius; Formicidae; functional group; Prosopis glandulosa ID NORTHERN CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; LAND-USE; ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS; SEMIARID GRASSLANDS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; FOREST CANOPY; TRADE-OFF; PATTERNS; HYMENOPTERA AB The conversion of desert grasslands to shrublands is a long-standing concern in the south-western United States, but the effects of this change on native animals defy generalization. Here, I consider evidence that shrub invasion and encroachment, particularly that of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa), has led to increasing ecological dominance and diversity of ants in general, as well as increases in specific native taxa. The effects of shrub invasion on ants were measured at two scales: (1) between Chihuahuan Desert landscapes that vary slightly in temperature and strongly in the dominance of mesquite, and (2) across variation in mesquite density occurring within a generally mesquite-dominated landscape. Ant richness and numerical dominance was measured at pitfall traps over 2 years and baits were used to assess ecological dominance across different temperatures. The mesquite-dominated Jornada site harboured four times the number of ant foragers found at the relatively 'pristine' Sevilleta site, with several ecologically dominant taxa driving this pattern, especially Dorymyrmex bicolor. Species richness and ecological dominance were also greatest at the Jornada. Within the Jornada landscape, turnover in species composition was related to mesquite density, but local richness and abundance was unrelated to mesquite density. Coupled with the results of previous manipulative experiments and comparative studies, there is support for the notion that ant diversity is not negatively affected by shrub invasion but that several taxa prosper from it. The Jornada is uniquely saturated by dominant ant taxa, perhaps as a consequence of an overall high level of shrub availability that provides a reliable source of carbohydrate-rich plant exudates. This raises important questions about the relationship between environmental degradation, ecosystem productivity, and animal diversity. C1 New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Bestelmeyer, BT (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, MSC 3JER,Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM bbestelm@nmsu.edu NR 63 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 34 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1366-9516 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 11 IS 1 BP 45 EP 55 DI 10.1111/j.1366-9516.2005.00122.x PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 888BB UT WOS:000226348100005 ER PT J AU Weber, TE Small, BC Bosworth, BG AF Weber, TE Small, BC Bosworth, BG TI Lipopolysaccharide regulates myostatin and MyoD independently of an increase in plasma cortisol in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lipopolysaccharide; dexamethasone; catfish; myostatin; MyoD ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; KAPPA-B; INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA; PROTEIN; METABOLISM; CHALLENGE AB The effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on plasma cortisol and the expression of MyoD and myostatin (MSTN) mRNAs were evaluated in channel catfish. In addition, the effect of dexamethasone (Dex) on MyoD and MSTN mRNAs was examined. For the LPS injection experiments, juvenile channel catfish were injected intraperitoneally with 1.5 mg/kg LPS or sterile PBS. Blood was collected at 1, 3, 12, and 24h post-injection for cortisol determination, and muscle samples were collected at 3, 12, and 24 h for mRNA analysis. For the Dex injection experiment, fish were injected with 1.0 mg/kg Dex or saline and muscle samples were collected at 12 and 24 h. There was no effect of LPS on plasma cortisol at any of the time points measured. Injection with LPS increased the abundance of MyoD mRNA at 3 and 12 h, and decreased the abundance of NISTN mRNA at 24 It. There was no effect of Dex injection on the abundance of MyoD mRNA. However, Dex injection decreased the abundance of MSTN mRNA at 12 h post-injection. These results suggest that LPS regulates the expression of MyoD and NISTN independently of an increase in plasma cortisol, and that the regulation of MyoD in the channel catfish differs from mammals in response to inflammatory stimuli. These results also confirm that exogenous glucocorticoids decrease the expression of NISTN as shown in other fish species. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Weber, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM tweber@ars.usda.gov RI Small, Brian/I-3762-2012 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 28 IS 1 BP 64 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2004.05.005 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 887SB UT WOS:000226324700005 PM 15620807 ER PT J AU Du, GB Wang, SQ Cai, ZY AF Du, GB Wang, SQ Cai, ZY TI Microwave drying of wood strands SO DRYING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE microwave drying; wood strand; temperature; moisture content; energy efficiency; extractives ID MOISTURE-CONTENT; TEMPERATURE; APPLICATOR; HARDWOOD; SPRUCE; LUMBER; ENERGY; PINE AB Characteristics of microwave drying of wood strands with different initial moisture contents and geometries were investigated using a commercial small microwave oven under different power inputs. Temperature and moisture changes along with the drying efficiency were examined at different drying scenarios. Extractives were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that the microwave drying process consisted of three distinct periods (warm-up period, evaporation period, and heating-up period) during which the temperature, moisture change, and drying efficiency could vary. Most of the extractives were remnant during microwave drying. It was observed that with proper selections of power input, weight of drying material, and drying time, microwave drying could increase the drying rate, save up to 50% of energy consumption, and decrease volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions when compared with the conventional drying method. C1 Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. SW Forestry Coll, Fac Wood Sci & Technol, Kunming, Peoples R China. Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. RP Wang, SQ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM swang@utk.edu NR 19 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-3937 J9 DRY TECHNOL JI Dry. Technol. PY 2005 VL 23 IS 12 BP 2421 EP 2436 DI 10.1080/07373930500340494 PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 999KE UT WOS:000234387400006 ER PT J AU Elmore, AJ Asner, GP Hughes, RF AF Elmore, Andrew J. Asner, Gregory P. Hughes, R. Flint TI Satellite monitoring of vegetation phenology and fire fuel conditions in Hawaiian drylands SO EARTH INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Hawaii; wildfire; remote sensing ID SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS; DRY FOREST; SOIL; LITTER; ECOSYSTEM; GRASSES AB Grass-fueled fires accelerate grassland expansion into dry Hawaiian woodlands by destroying native forests and by producing a disturbance regime that favors grass-dominated plant communities. Knowledge of grassland phenology is a key component of ecosystem assessments and fire management in Hawaii, but diverse topographic relief and poor field-sampling capabilities make ground studies impractical. Remote sensing offers the best approach for large-scale, spatially contiguous measurements of dryland vegetation phenology and fire fuel conditions. A 500-m spatial resolution, 8-day temporal resolution Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ( MODIS) satellite time series of photosynthetic vegetation (PV), nonphotosynthetic vegetation (NPV), and exposed substrate conditions was developed for the island of Hawaii between 2000 and 2004. The results compared favorably with similar measurements of drylands from higher-resolution aircraft data. The satellite time series was compared with available environmental data on precipitation, fire history, and grazing intensity. From these analyses, the temporal patterns of PV and its conversion to NPV and finally to bare substrate were observed. An NPV buildup following fire of 7 - 8 yr was projected, and more heavily grazed lands were found to exhibit reduced NPV cover, most notably during the summer fire season. These results demonstrate the effects that land use and disturbance history have on fire conditions, and they support the concept that grazed lands managed to reduce litter buildup pose a lower risk of fire across ample geographic scales. Time series of satellite observations with modern analysis techniques can be used with environmental data to support a regional fire-monitoring program throughout Hawaii. C1 Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA USA. US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Factory, USDA, Hilo, HI USA. RP Elmore, AJ (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Environm Studies Program, 6182 Steele Hall, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Andrew@elmore.cc RI Elmore, Andrew/D-4341-2012; Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013 OI Elmore, Andrew/0000-0002-9697-9457; Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421 NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1087-3562 J9 EARTH INTERACT JI Earth Interact. PY 2005 VL 9 AR 21 PG 21 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 096DQ UT WOS:000241357800001 ER PT J AU Keller, M Varner, R Dias, JD Silva, H Crill, P de Oliveira, RC AF Keller, Michael Varner, Ruth Dias, Jadson D. Silva, Hudson Crill, Patrick de Oliveira, Raimundo Cosme, Jr. TI Soil-atmosphere exchange of nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, methane, and carbon dioxide in logged and undisturbed forest in the Tapajos National Forest, Brazil SO EARTH INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE selective logging; trace gas; tropical forest ID AMAZON BASIN; FIELD-MEASUREMENTS; LOGGING DAMAGE; EASTERN AMAZON; REDUCED-IMPACT; TRACE GASES; RAIN-FOREST; COSTA-RICA; EMISSIONS; N2O AB Selective logging is an extensive land use in the Brazilian Amazon region. The soil - atmosphere fluxes of nitrous oxide (N(2)O), nitric oxide (NO), methane (CH(4)), and carbon dioxide (CO(2)) are studied on two soil types ( clay Oxisol and sandy loam Ultisol) over two years ( 2000 - 01) in both undisturbed forest and forest recently logged using reduced impact forest management in the Tapajos National Forest, near Santarem, Para, Brazil. In undisturbed forest, annual soil - atmosphere fluxes of N(2)O (mean +/- standard error) were 7.9 +/- 0.7 and 7.0 +/- 0.6 ng N cm(-2) h(-1) for the Oxisol and 1.7 +/- 0.1 and 1.6 +/- 0.3 ng N cm(-2) h(-1) for the Ultisol for 2000 and 2001, respectively. The annual fluxes of NO from undisturbed forest soil in 2001 were 9.0 +/- 2.8 ng N cm(-2) h(-1) for the Oxisol and 8.8 +/- 5.0 ng N cm(-2) h(-1) for the Ultisol. Consumption of CH4 from the atmosphere dominated over production on undisturbed forest soils. Fluxes averaged - 0.3 +/- 0.2 and - 0.1 +/- 0.9 mg CH(4) m(-2) day(-1) on the Oxisol and - 1.0 +/- 0.2 and - 0.9 +/- 0.3 mg CH(4) m(-2) day(-1) on the Ultisol for years 2000 and 2001. For CO(2) in 2001, the annual fluxes averaged 3.6 +/- 0.4 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) on the Oxisol and 4.9 +/- 1.1 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) on the Ultisol. We measured fluxes over one year each from two recently logged forests on the Oxisol in 2000 and on the Ultisol in 2001. Sampling in logged areas was stratified from greatest to least ground disturbance covering log decks, skid trails, tree-fall gaps, and forest matrix. Areas of strong soil compaction, especially the skid trails and logging decks, were prone to significantly greater emissions of N(2)O, NO, and especially CH(4). In the case of CH(4), estimated annual emissions from decks reached extremely high rates of 531 +/- 419 and 98 +/- 41 mg CH(4) m(-2) day(-1), for Oxisol and Ultisol sites, respectively, comparable to wetland emissions in the region. We calculated excess fluxes from logged areas by subtraction of a background forest matrix or undisturbed forest flux and adjusted these fluxes for the proportional area of ground disturbance. Our calculations suggest that selective logging increases emissions of N(2)O and NO from 30% to 350% depending upon conditions. While undisturbed forest was a CH(4) sink, logged forest tended to emit methane at moderate rates. Soil - atmosphere CO(2) fluxes were only slightly affected by logging. The regional effects of logging cannot be simply extrapolated based upon one site. We studied sites where reduced impact harvest management was used while in typical conventional logging ground damage is twice as great. Even so, our results indicate that for N(2)O, NO, and CH(4), logging disturbance may be as important for regional budgets of these gases as other extensive land-use changes in the Amazon such as the conversion of forest to cattle pasture. C1 Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR USA. Fundacao Floresta Trop, Santarem, Para, Brazil. RP Keller, M (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Complex Syst Res Ctr, CSRC Morse Hall,39 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM michael.keller@unh.edu RI Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Silva, Hudson/D-1564-2013; Varner, Ruth/E-5371-2011 OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Varner, Ruth/0000-0002-3571-6629 NR 59 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1087-3562 J9 EARTH INTERACT JI Earth Interact. PY 2005 VL 9 AR 23 PG 28 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 096DS UT WOS:000241358000001 ER PT J AU Cui, YT Parker, G Lisle, TE Pizzuto, JE Dodd, AM AF Cui, YT Parker, G Lisle, TE Pizzuto, JE Dodd, AM TI More on the evolution of bed material waves in alluvial rivers SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE dispersion theory; sediment waves; morphodynamic modelling ID MOUNTAIN RIVERS; SEDIMENT PULSES; CHANNEL; FLOW AB Sediment waves or pulses can form in rivers following variations in input from landslides, debris flows, and other sources. The question as to how rivers cope with such sediment inputs is of considerable practical interest. Experimental, numerical and held evidence assembled by the authors suggests that in mountain gravel-bed streams, such pulses show relatively little translation, instead mostly dispersing in place. This research has recently been the subject of discussion. In particular it has been suggested that (a) the equations of How and sediment mass balance used in the analyses, and in most other morphodynamic analyses, require correction; (b) the dominance of dispersion appears only because the hyperbolic nature of the governing equations has not been adequately considered; and (c) the sediment transport equation used in the analyses does not lead to generalizable results. Here we suggest that (a) the relations for mass balance do not require the indicated correction; (b) the hyperbolic nature of the governing equations does not preclude the result of dispersion dominating translation in mountain streams; and (c) the general behaviour of an appropriate hyperbolic model of sediment waves (pulses) includes the relative roles of dispersion and translation, and is not affected by the precise choice of a sediment transport relation (as long as the choice is reasonable for the case in question). Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Minnesota, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Geol, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Humboldt State Univ, Dept Math, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Cui, YT (reprint author), Stillwater Sci,2855 Telegraph Ave,Suite 400, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA. EM yantao@stillwatersci.com OI Cui, Yantao/0000-0001-5820-8670 NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 30 IS 1 BP 107 EP 114 DI 10.1002/esp.1156 PG 8 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 892GB UT WOS:000226637000007 ER PT J AU Gray, AN Azuma, DL AF Gray, AN Azuma, DL TI Repeatability and implementation of a forest vegetation indicator SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE vascular plant richness; non-native species; vegetation sampling; forest health indicators; resource inventory ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; COVER AB The composition, diversity, and structure of vascular plants are important indicators of forest health. Changes in species diversity, structural diversity, and the abundance of non-native species are common national concerns, and are part of the international criteria for assessing sustainability of forestry practices. The vegetation indicator for the national Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program, USA, was designed to assess these issues. The objectives of this study were to: (1) assess the repeatability and practicality of the vegetation field techniques using independent measurements of 48 plots by two botanists and (2) examine the interpretation of forest health indicators from 2 years of data collected on 110 plots in the state of Oregon. Plant identification was similar for both botanists, with 80% of all plant species on the plot being identified to species, and another 14% identified to the genus level; the greatest problems were in dry forest types where plants had senesced by July. Agreement among botanists for species identification was 71% at the subplot level and 67% at the quadrat level, with many differences caused by plants being identified as closely related species, usually in the same genus. As a result, agreement between botanists on species richness and the abundance of non-native species was high, with correlation coefficients of 0.94 and 0.98, respectively. Quadrats detected only 20% of the species found from the subplot search, on average. Although botanists differed in their speed, 22% of subplot searches were completed within 15 min and 71% were completed within 30 min. Dramatic differences in patterns of plant diversity were found across the ecological regions of Oregon, with high plot richness and the highest species turnover among plots found in the Blue Mountains. Abundance of non-native species varied from 15% of the species in juniper (Juniperus occidentalis Hook.) stands to 1% in high-elevation conifer stands. The proportion of cover made up of non-native species was highest in juniper and Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa P. & C. Lawson) forest types. Numbers of non-native species on a plot increased with the number of native species, but the relationship was weak (R-2 = 0.09). Results suggest that the vegetation indicator provides a robust and valuable tool for assessing forest health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. USDA, Foresst Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Gray, AN (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM agray01@fs.fed.us NR 39 TC 20 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 5 IS 1 BP 57 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2004.09.001 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 898EQ UT WOS:000227059400005 ER PT J AU Datt, G Jolliffe, D AF Datt, G Jolliffe, D TI Poverty in Egypt: Modeling and policy simulations SO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND CULTURAL CHANGE LA English DT Article ID COTE-DIVOIRE; DETERMINANTS; SUBSIDIES C1 World Bank, Washington, DC 20433 USA. USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Datt, G (reprint author), World Bank, Washington, DC 20433 USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0013-0079 J9 ECON DEV CULT CHANGE JI Econ. Dev. Cult. Change PD JAN PY 2005 VL 53 IS 2 BP 327 EP 346 DI 10.1086/425224 PG 20 WC Area Studies; Economics; Planning & Development SC Area Studies; Business & Economics; Public Administration GA 894TB UT WOS:000226813400003 ER PT J AU Tomback, DF Schoettle, AW Chevalier, KE Jones, CA AF Tomback, DF Schoettle, AW Chevalier, KE Jones, CA TI Life on the edge for limber pine: Seed dispersal within a peripheral population SO ECOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Clark's nutcracker; Dipodomys ordii; limber pine; nocturnal rodents; Nucifraga columbiana; peripheral population; Peromyscus maniculatus; Pinus flexilis; seed dispersal ID CLARKS NUTCRACKER; FLEXILIS JAMES; GROWTH FORM; GENETIC DIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; CLUSTERS; RODENTS; DIFFERENTIATION; ADAPTATIONS; MONOPHYLLA AB Interactions within populations at the periphery of a species' range may depart from those in populations more centrally located. Throughout its core range, limber pine (Pinus flexilis, Pinaceae) depends on Clark's nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana, Corvidae) for seed dispersal. Nuterackers, however, rarely visit the Pawnee National Grassland peripheral population of limber pine on the eastern Colorado plains. Using live mammal trapping, fluorescent pigment tracking of disseminated seeds, and limber pine seed germination experiments in the field, we tested the hypothesis that limber pine seeds in this peripheral isolate are dispersed by nocturnal rodents. Live trapping and tracking indicated that deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus, Muridae) and Ord's kangaroo rats (Dipodomys ordii, Heteromyidae) are the likely seed dispersers in this population. Rodents cached seeds in surface caches on tree leaf litter, rock, or soil substrate or buried them under soil, tree litter, or plants. Seeds cached under soil and plants, as opposed to surface caches, accounted for the greater number of stored seeds. Numbers of seeds per cache for buried caches was significantly higher than numbers of seeds for surface caches. The largest caches on average were those buried under plants. Also, we found that some rodent caches contained one or more seeds up to 27 d after the caches were made. In experiments simulating observed cache types, we determined that most cache types, but especially buried caches, had some germination potential. Rodents disseminated seeds over shorter distances than do nutcrackers, possibly explaining previously observed genetic substructuring in the Pawnee population. Seed dispersal by rodents also precludes the metapopulation dynamics typical of limber pine in its core range, and may lead to the loss of peripheral populations over time. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA. Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80217 USA. USDA, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Zool, Denver, CO 80205 USA. RP Tomback, DF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Biol, POB 173364, Denver, CO 80217 USA. EM diana.tomback@cudenver.edu NR 58 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 25 PU UNIVERSITE LAVAL PI ST FOY PA PAVILLON CHARLES-EUGENE MARCHAND, LOCAL 0166, ST FOY, QUEBEC G1K 7P4, CANADA SN 1195-6860 J9 ECOSCIENCE JI Ecoscience PY 2005 VL 12 IS 4 BP 519 EP 529 DI 10.2980/i1195-6860-12-4-519.1 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 001ZU UT WOS:000234582000009 ER PT B AU Nelson, SO Trabelsi, S AF Nelson, SO Trabelsi, S BE Kupfer, K TI Permittivity measurements and agricultural applications SO ELECTROMAGNETIC AQUAMETRY: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE INTERACTION WITH WATER AND MOIST SUBSTANCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances CY MAY, 2001 CL Mat Res & Testing Inst, Weimar, GERMANY HO Mat Res & Testing Inst ID MICROWAVE DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; MOISTURE-CONTENT DETERMINATION; FRESH FRUITS; PARTICULATE MATERIALS; INSECT CONTROL; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; RICE WEEVILS; FREE-SPACE; GRAIN C1 USDA, ARS, Athens, GA USA. RP Nelson, SO (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Athens, GA USA. NR 90 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-22222-7 PY 2005 BP 419 EP 442 DI 10.1007/3-540-26491-4_18 PG 24 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BBK24 UT WOS:000225861000018 ER PT J AU Kuhn, DN Borrone, J Meerow, AW Motamayor, JC Brown, JS Schnell, RJ AF Kuhn, DN Borrone, J Meerow, AW Motamayor, JC Brown, JS Schnell, RJ TI Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of candidate genes for reliable identification of alleles by capillary array electrophoresis SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE candidate genes; capillary array electrophoresis; single-strand conformation polymorphism ID THEOBROMA-CACAO; POINT MUTATIONS; MARKERS; SSCP; VARIANTS; MAP AB We investigated the reliability of capillary array electrophoresis-single strand conformation polymorphism (CAE-SSCP) to determine if it can be used to identify novel alleles of candidate genes in a germplasm collection. Both strands of three different size fragments (160, 245 and 437 bp) that differed by one or more nucleotides in sequence were analyzed at four different temperatures (18degreesC, 25degreesC, 30degreesC, and 35degreesC). Mixtures of amplified fragments of either the intron interrupting the C-terminal WRKY domain of the Tc10 locus or the NBS domain of the TcRGH1 locus of Theobroma cacao were electroinjected into all 16. capillaries of an ABI 3100 Genetic Analyzer and analyzed three times at each temperature. Multiplexing of samples of different size range is possible, as intermediate and large fragments were analyzed simultaneously in these experiments. A statistical analysis of the means of the fragment mobilities demonstrated that single-stranded conformers of the fragments could be reliably identified by their mobility at all temperatures and size classes. The order of elution of fragments was not consistent over strands or temperatures for the intermediate and large fragments. If samples are only run once at a single temperature, small fragments could be identified from a single strand at a single temperature. A combination of data from both strands of a single run was needed to identify correctly all four of the intermediate fragments and no combination of data from strands or temperatures would allow the correct identification of two large fragments that differed by only a single single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) from a single run. Thus, to adequately assess alleles at a candidate gene locus using SSCP on a capillary array, fragments should be less than or equal to250 bp, samples should be analyzed at two different temperatures between 18degreesC and 30degreesC to reduce the variability introduced by the capillaries, data should be combined from both strands and both temperatures, and undenatured double-stranded (ds)DNA molecular weight standards, such as ROX 2500, should be included as internal standards. C1 Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. USDA, Agr Res Serv, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Plant Sci & Natl Germplasm Repository, Miami, FL USA. Mars Inc, MasterfoodsUSA, Hackettstown, NJ USA. RP Kuhn, DN (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. EM kuhnd@fiu.edu NR 23 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD JAN PY 2005 VL 26 IS 1 BP 112 EP 125 DI 10.1002/elps.200406106 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 889UE UT WOS:000226467400016 PM 15624191 ER PT J AU Hoffman, RE Greenblatt, J Matyas, BT Sharp, DJ Esteban, E Hodge, K Liang, A AF Hoffman, RE Greenblatt, J Matyas, BT Sharp, DJ Esteban, E Hodge, K Liang, A TI Capacity of state and territorial health agencies to prevent foodborne illness SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; UNITED-STATES AB The capacity of state and territorial health departments to investigate foodborne diseases was assessed by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists from 2001 to 2002 with a self-administered, Web-based survey. Forty-eight health departments responded (47 states and 1 territory). The primary reason for not conducting more active case surveillance of enteric disease is lack of staff, while the primary reasons for not investigating foodborne disease outbreaks are limited staff and delayed notification of the outbreak. Sixty-four percent of respondents have the capacity to conduct analytic epidemiologic investigations. States receiving Emerging Infections Program (EIP) funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention more often reported having a dedicated foodborne disease epidemiologist and the capability to perform analytic studies than non-EIP states. We conclude that by addressing shortages in the number of dedicated personnel and reducing delays in reporting, the capacity of state health departments to respond to foodborne disease can be improved. C1 Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. USDA, Alameda, CA USA. RP Hoffman, RE (reprint author), 8155 Fairmt Dr,Unit 511, Denver, CO 80230 USA. EM rehoffman49@msn.com FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U60/CCU 007277-10] NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2005 VL 11 IS 1 BP 11 EP 16 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 885HI UT WOS:000226147300003 PM 15705316 ER PT J AU Schroeder, CM Naugle, AL Schlosser, WD Hogue, AT Angulo, FJ Rose, JS Ebel, ED Disney, WT Holt, KG Goldman, DP AF Schroeder, CM Naugle, AL Schlosser, WD Hogue, AT Angulo, FJ Rose, JS Ebel, ED Disney, WT Holt, KG Goldman, DP TI Estimate of illnesses from Salmonella enteritidis in eggs, United States, 2000 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTIONS AB Results from our model suggest that eating Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis-contaminated shell eggs caused 182,060 illnesses in the United States during 2000. Uncertainty about the estimate ranged from 81,535 (5th percentile) to 276,500 illnesses (95th percentile). Our model provides but 1 approach for estimating foodborne illness and quantifying estimate uncertainty. C1 USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Aerosp Ctr 333, Washington, DC 20250 USA. Food Safety & Inspect Serv, College Stn, TX USA. Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Riverside, CA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schroeder, CM (reprint author), USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Aerosp Ctr 333, 1400 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM carl.schroeder@fsis.usda.gov NR 8 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2005 VL 11 IS 1 BP 113 EP 115 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 885HI UT WOS:000226147300019 PM 15705332 ER PT J AU Geveke, DJ AF Geveke, David J. BE Sun, DW TI Non-thermal Processing By Radio Frequency Electric Fields SO EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FOOD PROCESSING SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INACTIVATION; MICROORGANISMS; PASTEURIZATION; APPARATUS; MEMBRANES; KINETICS; ENERGY; AC AB Radio frequency electric fields (RFEF) processing is relatively new and has been shown to inactivate bacteria in apple juice at moderately low temperatures. Key equipment components of the process include a radio frequency power supply and a treatment chamber that is capable of applying high electric fields to liquid foods. The process is similar to the pulsed electric fields process, except that the power supply is continuous rather than pulsed; therefore, the capital costs may be less. Using an 80 kW RFEF pilot plant unit, Escherichia coli K12 in apple juice flowing at 1.0 l/min was exposed to an electric field strength of 20 kV/cm at a frequency of 21 kHz. RFEF processing reduced the population of E. coli by 2.7 log at 60 degrees C and a hold time of 3s, whereas conventional heating at the same conditions had no effect. The electrical cost of the RFEF processing was $0.0011 per litre of apple juice. Increasing the electric field strength, number of treatment steps and temperature enhance the microbiological inactivation. C1 USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Geveke, DJ (reprint author), USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-045564-8 J9 FOOD SCI TECHNOL-INT PY 2005 BP 307 EP 322 DI 10.1016/B978-012676757-5/50014-1 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BCR37 UT WOS:000311095000013 ER PT J AU Burrin, DG Stoll, B Guan, XF Cui, LW Chang, XY Holst, JJ AF Burrin, DG Stoll, B Guan, XF Cui, LW Chang, XY Holst, JJ TI Glucagon-like peptide 2 dose-dependently activates intestinal cell survival and proliferation in neonatal piglets SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE-A; GLYCOGEN-SYNTHASE KINASE-3-BETA; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; EPITHELIAL PROLIFERATION; RECEPTOR ACTIVATION; GLP-2 RECEPTOR; CYTOCHROME-C; BLOOD-FLOW; APOPTOSIS; BCL-2 AB Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) is a gut hormone that stimulates mucosal growth in total parenteral nutrition (TPN)-fed piglets; however, the dose-dependent effects on apoptosis, cell proliferation, and protein synthesis are unknown. We studied 38 TPN-fed neonatal piglets infused iv with either saline or GLP-2 at three rates (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 nmol . kg(-1) . d(-1)) for 7 d. Plasma GLP-2 concentrations ranged from 177 +/- 27 to 692 +/- 85 pM in the low- and high-infusion groups, respectively. GLP-2 infusion dose-dependently increased small intestinal weight, DNA and protein content, and villus height; however, stomach protein synthesis was decreased by GLP-2. Intestinal crypt and villus apoptosis decreased and crypt cell number increased linearly with GLP-2 infusion rates, whereas cell proliferation and protein synthesis were stimulated only at the high GLP-2 dose. The intestinal activities of caspase-3 and -6 and active caspase-3 abundance decreased, yet procaspase-3 abundance increased markedly with increasing infusion rate and plasma concentration of GLP-2. The GLP-2-dose-dependent suppression of intestinal apoptosis and caspase-3 activity was associated with increased protein kinase B and glycogen-synthase kinase-3 phosphorylation, yet the expression phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase was unaffected by GLP-2. Intestinal endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA and protein expression was increased, but only at the high GLP-2 dose. We conclude that the stimulation of intestinal epithelial survival is concentration dependent at physiological GLP-2 concentrations; however, induction of cell proliferation and protein synthesis is a pharmacological response. Moreover, we show that GLP-2 stimulates intestinal cell survival and proliferation in association with induction of protein kinase B and glycogensynthase kinase-3 phosphorylation and Bcl-2 expression. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA, Agr Res Serv,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Dept Med Physiol, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Burrin, DG (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA, Agr Res Serv,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dburrin@bcm.tmc.edu OI Holst, Jens Juul/0000-0001-6853-3805 FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD33920] NR 45 TC 84 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 4 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JAN PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1 BP 22 EP 32 DI 10.1210/en.2004-1119 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 880CN UT WOS:000225766500006 PM 15486229 ER PT J AU Gray, AN AF Gray, AN TI Eight nonnative plants in western Oregon forests: Associations with environment and management SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE autecology; conifer forest; invasive plants; management; monitoring ID THISTLE CIRSIUM-VULGARE; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; DIGITALIS-PURPUREA; GRADIENT ANALYSIS; CANADIAN WEEDS; UNITED-STATES; VEGETATION; COMMUNITIES; DISTURBANCE; SUCCESSION AB Nonnative plants have tremendous ecological and economic impacts on plant communities globally, but comprehensive data on the distribution and ecological relationships of individual species is often scarce or nonexistent. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of vegetation type, climate, topography, and management history on the distribution and abundance of eight selected nonnative plant taxa in forests in western Oregon. These eight taxa were selected as being reliably detected by a multi-resource inventory of 1127 systematically-placed plots on nonfederal forest lands from 1995 to 1997 by the USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program. One or more of the eight nonnative taxa studied were found on 20% of the sampled subplots in the study area, but relatively few stands were dominated by them. Overall abundance of nonnative taxa was likely much greater, because few composites and graminoids were identified to species in this general-purpose inventory. Distribution of most taxa was more closely associated with low density of overstory trees than with climate. Nonnative taxa were significantly more abundant in stands that had been recently clearcut or thinned than in stands that had not. Frequencies of several taxa decreased with elevation, which may reflect proximity to source populations and intensive land use rather than any climatic constraints. Although the greatest potential for displacement of native forest species appears to be in early-successional communities, the potential for spread of some shade-tolerant evergreen shrubs also seems high. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Gray, AN (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM agray01@fs.fed.us NR 38 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 100 IS 1-3 BP 109 EP 127 DI 10.1007/s10661-005-7060-9 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 896YK UT WOS:000226970300009 PM 15727303 ER PT J AU McCollum, DW Boyle, KJ AF McCollum, DW Boyle, KJ TI The effect of respondent experience/knowledge in the elicitation of contingent values: An investigation of convergent validity, procedural invariance and reliability SO ENVIRONMENTAL & RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE contingent valuation; dichotomous choice; experience; open-ended; validity; use values ID VALUATION; CHOICES AB Tests of convergent validity and procedural invariance were used to investigate whether individuals lacking direct experience with a commodity can provide valid responses to contingent-valuation questions eliciting ex post use values. Convergent validity between samples with and without experience was shown to hold for dichotomous-choice responses, but not for open-ended responses. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. Univ Maine, Dept Resource Econ & Policy, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP McCollum, DW (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2150-A Ctr Ave,Suite 350, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM dmccollum@fs.fed.us NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0924-6460 J9 ENVIRON RESOUR ECON JI Environ. Resour. Econ. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 30 IS 1 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1007/s10640-004-0758-2 PG 11 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 899YX UT WOS:000227182800002 ER PT J AU Sigua, GC Adjei, MB AF Sigua, GC Adjei, MB TI Cumulative and residual effects of repeated sewage sludge applications: Forage productivity and soil quality implications in South Florida, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bahiagrass; beef cattle; carry-over effects; domestic wastewater; ecological implication; forage productivity; sewage sludge; subtropical; pastures ID NITROGEN; BIOSOLIDS AB Background, Aim and Scope. The cow-calf (Bos taurus) industry in subtropical United States and other parts of the world depends almost totally on grazed pastures. Establishment of complete, uniform stand of bahiagrass (BG) in a short time period is important economically. Failure to obtain a good BG stand early means increased encroachment of weeds and the loss of not only the initial investment costs, but production and its cash value. Forage production often requires significant inputs of lime, N fertilizer, and less frequently of P and K fertilizers. Domestic sewage sludge or biosolids, composted urban plant debris, waste lime, phosphogypsum, and dredged materials are examples of materials that can be used for fertilizing and liming pastures. Perennial grass can be a good choice for repeated applications of sewage sludge. Although sewage sludge supply some essential plant nutrients and provide soil property-enhancing organic matter, land-application programs still generate some concerns because of possible health and environmental risks involved. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the cumulative and residual effects of repeated applications of sewage sludge on (i) bahiagrass (BG, Paspalum notatum Flugge) production over years with (1997-2000) and without (2001-2002) sewage sludge applications during a 5-yr period, and (ii) on nutrients status of soil that received annual application of sewage sludge from 1997 to 2000 compared with test values of soils in 2002 (with no sewage sludge application) in South Florida. Methods. The field experiment was conducted at the University of Florida Agricultural Research and Education Center, Ona, FL (27 degrees 26'N, 82 degrees 55'W) on a Pomona fine sandy soil. With the exception of the control, BG plots received annual sewage sludge and chemical fertilizers applications to supply 90 or 180 kg total N ha(-1) yr(-1) from 1997 to 2000. Land application of sewage sludge and fertilizer ceased in 2001 season. In early April 1998, 1999, and 2000, plots were mowed to 5cm stubble and treated with the respective N source amendments. The experimental design was three randomized complete blocks with nine N-source treatments: ammonium nitrate (AMN), slurry biosolids of pH 7 (SBS7), slurry biosolids of pH 11 (SBS11), lime-stabilized cake biosolids (CBS), each applied to supply 90 or 180 kg N ha(-1), and a nonfertilized control (Control). Application rates of sewage sludge were calculated based on the concentration of total solids in materials as determined by the American Public Health Association SM 2540G method and N in solids. The actual amount of sewage sludge applications was based on the amount required to supply 90 and 180 kg N ha(-1). Sewage sludge materials were weighed in buckets and uniformly applied to respective BG plots. Soil samples were collected in June 1997, June 1999, and in June 2002 from 27 treatment plots. In 1997 and 1999, soil samples were collected using a steel bucket type auger from the 0- to 20-, 20- to 40-, 40- to 60-, and 60- to 100-cm soil depths. Forage was harvested on 139, 203, 257, and 307 day of year (DOY) in 1998; 125, 202, 257, and 286 DOY in 1999; 179, 209, 270, and 301 DOY in 2000; and on 156 and 230 DOY in 2002 (no sewage sludge applications) to determine the residual effect of applied sewage sludge following repeated application. Forage yield and soils data were analyzed using analysis of variance (PROC ANOVA) procedures with year and treatment as the main plot and sub-plot, respectively. As a result of significant year effects on forage yield, data were reanalyzed annually (i.e., 1998, 1999, 2000, and 2002). Results and Discussion. All sewage sludges used in this study were of class B in terms of USEPA's pathogens and pollutant concentration limit. Pathogen and chemical composition of the class B sewage sludge that were used in the study were all in compliance with the USEPA guidelines. The liquid sludge (SBS11) had the lowest fecal coliform counts (0.2 x 10(6) CFU kg(-1)) while the cake sewage sludge (CBS) had the greatest coliform counts of 178 x 10(6) CFU kg(-1). The fecal coliform counts for SBS7 was about 33 x 10(6) CFU kg(-1). Average soil test values in June 2002 exhibited: i) decrease in TIN (NO3-N + NH4-N), TP, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Fe; and ii) slight increase in Zn and Cu when compared with the June 1997 soil test results. The overall decrease in soil test values in 2002 might be associated with nutrient cycling and plant consumption. Although the average BG forage yield in 2002 (2.3 +/- 0.7 Mg ha(-1)) was slightly lower than in 2000 (3.5 +/- 1.2 Mg ha(-1)), yield differences in 2002 between the control (1.2 +/- 0.2 Mg ha(-1)) and treated plots (2.3 +/- 0.5 Mg ha(-1) to 3.3 +/- 0.6 Mg ha(-1)) were indicative of a positive residual effect of applied sewage sludge. This study has shown that excessive build up of plant nutrients may not occur in beef cattle pastures that repeatedly received sewage sludge while favoring long-term increased forage yield of BG. All sources of N (sewage sludge and AMN) gave better forage production than the unfertilized control during years with sewage sludge application (1997-2000) and also during years with no sewage sludge application (2001-2002). The favorable residual effects of applied sewage sludge in 2002 may have had received additional boost from the amount of rainfall in the area. Conclusions. Repeated applications of sewage sludge indicate no harmful effects on soil quality and forage quality. Our results support our hypothesis that repeated land application of sewage sludge to supply 90 and 180 kg N ha(-1) would not increase soil sorption for nutrients and trace metals. Results have indicated that the concentrations of soil TIN and TP declined by almost 50% in plots with different nitrogen sources from June 1997 to June 2002 suggesting that enrichment of nitrogen and phosphorus is insignificant. The concentrations of soil nitrogen and phosphorus in 2002 following repeated application of sewage sludge were far below the contamination risk in the environment. The residual effect of these sewage sludge over the long term can be especially significant in many areas of Florida where only 50% of the 1 million ha of BG pastures are given inorganic nitrogen yearly. Recommendation and Outlook. Successive land application of sewage sludge for at least three years followed by no sewage sludge application for at least two years may well be a good practice economically because it will boost and/or maintain sustainable forage productivity and at the same time minimize probable accumulation of nutrients, especially trace metals. Consecutive applications of sewage sludge may result in build up of some trace metals in some other states with initial high metallic content, but in this study, no detrimental effects on soil chemical properties were detected. The possibilities for economically sound application strategies are encouraging, but more and additional research is required to find optimal timing and rates that minimizes negative impacts on soil quality in particular or the environment in general. For proper utilization of sewage sludge, knowledge of the sewage sludges' composition, the crop receiving it, are absolutely crucial, so that satisfactory types and rates are applied in an environmentally safe manner. There is still much to be learned from this study and this investigation needs to continue to determine whether the agricultural and ecological objectives are satisfied over the longer term. C1 USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL USA. Univ Florida, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr, Ona, FL 33865 USA. Univ Florida, Gulf Coast Res & Educ Ctr, Bradenton, FL 34203 USA. RP Sigua, GC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL USA. EM gcsigua@mail.ifas.ufl.edu NR 38 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 7 U2 52 PU ECOMED PUBLISHERS PI LANDSBERG PA RUDOLF-DIESEL-STR 3, D-86899 LANDSBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PY 2005 VL 12 IS 2 BP 80 EP 88 DI 10.1065/espr2004.10.220 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 910OQ UT WOS:000227941700004 PM 15859114 ER PT J AU Spiegelstein, O Lu, XF Le, XC Troen, A Selhub, J Melnyk, S James, SJ Finnell, RH AF Spiegelstein, O Lu, XF Le, XC Troen, A Selhub, J Melnyk, S James, SJ Finnell, RH TI Effects of dietary folate intake and folate binding protein-2 (Folbp2) on urinary speciation of sodium arsenate in mice SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE folic acid; arsenic; excretion; urinary speciation ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; RAT-LIVER CYTOSOL; S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE; KNOCKOUT MICE; IN-VIVO; TOXICITY; METABOLISM; ARSENITE; ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; BIOTRANSFORMATION AB Folate binding protein-2 (Folbp2(-/-)) knockout mice have been previously shown to be highly susceptible to the teratogenic effects of arsenic. Arsenic biotransformation is achieved primarily by biomethylation. Given the potential close relationship between folate biochemistry and arsenic biotransformation, the aims of our study were to: (1) test whether Folbp2(-/-) mice have altered arsenic biotransformation which would suggest a potential mechanism for their enhanced susceptibility; (2) examine whether dietary folate deficiency alters arsenic biotransformation. Folbp2(-/-) mice were found to have slightly lower plasma folate levels than wildtype mice. No genotype-specific effects were observed in arsenic speciation thereby negating altered biotransformation of arsenic as the mechanism of the enhanced teratogenicity seen in Folbp2(-/-) mice. Reduction in excretion of organic arsenicals was observed during folate deficiency. suggesting, an important role for folic acid homeostasis in arsenic biotransformation. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Ctr Environm & Genet Med, Inst Biosci & Technol, Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada. Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamin Metab & Neurocognit Labs, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. RP Spiegelstein, O (reprint author), Global Innovat R&D, Teva Pharmaceut Ind, POB 8077, IL-42504 Netanya, Israel. EM ofer.spiegelstein@teva.co.il RI Le, X. Chris/O-4947-2015 OI Le, X. Chris/0000-0002-7690-6701 NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1382-6689 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL PHAR JI Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 19 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.etap.2004.01.007 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 889UB UT WOS:000226467000001 PM 21783456 ER PT J AU Abercrombie, JM Farnham, MW Rushing, JW AF Abercrombie, JM Farnham, MW Rushing, JW TI Genetic combining ability of glucoraphanin level and other horticultural traits of broccoli SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE diallel; genetic combining ability; glucoraphanin; phase II enzymes; specific combining ability ID BRASSICA-OLERACEA; CANCER RISK; CRUCIFEROUS VEGETABLES; PROSTATE-CANCER; ISOTHIOCYANATES; GLUCOSINOLATE; ENZYMES; INDUCE; FRUITS AB Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., Italica Group) is a source of glucosinolates and their respective isothiocyanate metabolites that are believed to have chemoprotective properties in humans. Glucoraphanin (4-methylsulfinyl-butyl glucosinolate) is a predominant glucosinolate of broccoli. Its cognate isothiocyanate, sulforaphane, has proven a potent inducer of phase II detoxification enzymes that protect cells against carcinogens and toxic electrophiles. Little is known about the genetic combining ability for glucosinolate levels or the types of genetic variation (i.e., additive vs. dominance) that influence those levels in broccoli. In this study, a diallel mating design was employed in two field experiments to estimate combining abilities for glucoraphanin content. The diallel population was developed by crossing nine doubled-haploid (inbred) parents in all possible combinations (36), excluding the reciprocals. Horticultural traits of all entries were assessed on a plot basis. In fall 2001, glucoraphanin concentration of broccoli heads ranged from 0.83 to 6.00 mu mol/gdw, and in spring 2002, ranged from 0.26 to 7.82 mu mol/gdw. In both years, significant general combining ability was observed for glucoraphanin concentration and total head content, days from transplant to harvest, head weight, and stem diameter. Conversely, no significant specific combining ability was observed for any trait in either year. Results indicate that a given inbred will combine with others to make hybrids with relatively predictable levels of head glucoraphanin as well as, other important horticultural traits. This should allow identification of inbreds that typically contribute high glucoraphanin levels when hybridized with others. C1 ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. Clemson Univ, Coast Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Farnham, MW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM mfarnham@saa.ars-usda.gov NR 31 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 2005 VL 143 IS 1-2 BP 145 EP 151 DI 10.1007/s10681-005-3059-0 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 951LT UT WOS:000230932500016 ER PT J AU Hesler, LS Tharp, CI AF Hesler, LS Tharp, CI TI Antibiosis and antixenosis to Rhopalosiphum padi among triticale accessions SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE antibiosis; antixenosis; bird cherry-oat aphid; host plant resistance; Rhopalosiphum padi; XTriticosecale ID RUSSIAN WHEAT APHID; HOST-PLANT RESISTANCE; CHERRY-OAT APHID; CEREAL APHIDS; WINTER-WHEAT; GREENBUG HOMOPTERA; BARLEY; GERMPLASM; POPULATIONS; INFECTION AB Tests for antibiosis and antixenosis resistance to Rhopalosiphum padi L., the bird cherry-oat aphid, were conducted among four wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and eight triticale (XTriticosecale Wittmack) accessions. Tests for antibiosis included measuring R. padi-population growth over 13 days, number of days to reproduction of individual R. padi, and number of aphid progeny produced in the first 7 days of adulthood. Antixenosis was measured in no-choice nymphiposition tests and in choice tests of host selection by winged R. padi. Three of seven triticale accessions limited R. padi populations relative to control accessions. Lower R. padi-population growth on N1185 and Okto Derzhavina could be explained partially by increased developmental times. Lower R. padi-population growth on triticale accessions N1185, N1186 and Okto Derzhavina could be explained at least partially by fewer aphid progeny on these accessions. Developmental time of R. padi on N1185 and Okto Derzhavina was greater than that on Stniism 3 triticale, identified previously as resistant to R. padi. There were less R. padi progeny on N1185 than on Stniism 3, and comparable numbers of R. padi progeny among N1186, Okto Derzhavina, and Stniism 3. None of the accessions limited nymphiposition by R. padi. Choice tests revealed heterogeneity in host selection by R. padi but an overall trend that triticale accessions Okto Derzhavina, N1185, N1186 and Stniism 3 were less preferred hosts than Arapahoe wheat. Relatively strong resistance in these triticale accessions warrant consideration of their future use in breeding programs for cereal-aphid resistance. C1 ARS, USDA, No Grain Insects Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. Montana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Hesler, LS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Grain Insects Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM lhesler@ngirl.ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 2005 VL 143 IS 1-2 BP 153 EP 160 DI 10.1007/s10681-005-3060-7 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 951LT UT WOS:000230932500017 ER PT J AU Mano, Y Muraki, M Fujimori, M Takamizo, T Kindiger, B AF Mano, Y Muraki, M Fujimori, M Takamizo, T Kindiger, B TI Identification of QTL controlling adventitious root formation during flooding conditions in teosinte (Zea mays ssp huehuetenangensis) seedlings SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE adventitious root; flooding; quantitative trait loci; teosinte; waterlogging; Zea mays ID WATER REGIMES; MAIZE; AERENCHYMA; TOLERANCE; POROSITY; LINKAGE; MARKERS; TRAITS; GROWTH; AFLP AB Adventitious root formation (ARF) at the soil surface is one of the most important adaptations to soil flooding or waterlogging. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling ARF under flooding condition were identified in a 94 F-2 individual population by crossing maize (Zea mays L., B64) x teosinte (Z. mays ssp. huehuetenangensis). A base-map was constructed using 66 SSR and 42 AFLP markers, covering 1,378 cM throughout all ten maize chromosomes. The ARF capacity for seedlings was determined by evaluating the degree of root formation at the soil surface following flooding for 2 weeks. ARF showed continuous variation in the F-2 population. Interval mapping and composite interval mapping analyses revealed that the QTL for ARF was located on chromosome 8 (bin 8.05). Utilising a selective genotyping strategy with an additional 186 F-2 population derived from the same cross combination and 32 AFLP primer combinations, regions on chromosomes 4 (bin 4.07) and 8 (bin 8.03) were found to be associated with ARF. Z. mays ssp. huehuetenangensis contributed all of the QTL detected in this study. Results of the study suggest a potential for transferring waterlogging tolerance to maize from Z. mays ssp. huehuetenangensis. C1 Natl Inst Livestock & Grassland Sci, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 3292793, Japan. Natl Agr Res Ctr, Kyushu Okinawa Reg, Miyazaki 8850091, Japan. USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Mano, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Livestock & Grassland Sci, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 3292793, Japan. EM mano@affrc.go.jp OI Kindiger, Bryan/0000-0002-2938-3653 NR 34 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2005 VL 142 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 42 DI 10.1007/s10681-005-0449-2 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 922YM UT WOS:000228875800004 ER PT J AU He, GH Meng, RH Gao, H Guo, BZ Gao, GQ Newman, M Pittman, RN Prakash, CS AF He, GH Meng, RH Gao, H Guo, BZ Gao, GQ Newman, M Pittman, RN Prakash, CS TI Simple sequence repeat markers for botanical varieties of cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE botanical variety identification; peanut; simple sequence repeat (SSR) ID MULTIPLEX PCR; GENOME AB Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) consists of six botanical varieties. Identification of DNA markers associated with botanical varieties would be useful in plant genotyping, germplasm management, and evolutionary studies. We have developed 130 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in peanut, 38 of which were used in this study because of their ability in detecting genetic polymorphism among 24 peanut accessions. Eight SSR markers were found useful to classify botanical varieties. Among them, six SSR markers were specific to botanical varieties fastigiata and vulgaris, one to botanical varieties hypogaea and hirsuta, and one to botanical varieties peruviana, and aequatoriana. Also, three of them derived from peanut expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were associated with putative genes. As botanical varieties have different morphological traits and belong to different subspecies in A. hypogaea, these markers might be associated with genes involved in the expression of morphological traits. The results also suggested that SSRs (also called microsatellites) might play a role in shaping evolution of cultivated peanut. Multiplex PCR of botanical variety-specific markers could be applied to facilitate efficient genotyping of the peanut lines. C1 Tuskegee Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. Guangxi Acad Agr Sci, Nanning, Peoples R China. USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP He, GH (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. EM hguohao@tuskegee.edu NR 14 TC 37 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2005 VL 142 IS 1-2 BP 131 EP 136 DI 10.1007/s10681-005-1043-3 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 922YM UT WOS:000228875800013 ER PT J AU Zhou, WC Kolb, FL Domier, LL Wang, SW AF Zhou, WC Kolb, FL Domier, LL Wang, SW TI SSR markers associated with fertility restoration genes against Triticum timopheevii cytoplasm in Diticum aestivum SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE fertility restoration gene; hybrid wheat; marker-assisted selection; molecular mapping; Rf3; SSR markers ID MALE-STERILE PLANTS; RESTORER LINES; COMMON WHEAT; BREAD WHEAT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; GENOME AB Heterosis is an important way to improve yield and quality for many crops. Hybrid rice and hybrid maize contributed to enhanced productivity which is essential to supply enough food for the increasing world population. The success of hybrid rice in China has led to a continuous interest in hybrid wheat, even when most research on hybrid wheat has been discontinued in other countries for various reasons including low heterosis and high seed production costs. The Timopheevii cytoplasmic male sterile system is ideal for producing hybrid wheat seeds when fertility restoration lines with strong fertility restoration ability are available. To develop PCR-based molecular markers for use in marker-assisted selection of fertility restorer lines, two F-2 populations derived from crosses R18/ND36 and R9034/ND36 were used to map fertility restoration genes in the two elite fertility restorer lines (R-lines) R 18 and R9034. Over 678 SSR markers were analyzed, and markers closely linked to fertility restoration genes were identified. Using SSR markers, a major fertility restoration gene, Rf3, was located on the 1B chromosome in both populations. This gene was partially dominant in conferring fertility restoration in the two restorer lines. SSR markers Xbarc207,Xgwm131, and Xbarc61 are close to this gene. These markers maybe useful in marker-assisted selection of new restorer lines with T timopheevii cytoplasm. Two minor QTL conferring fertility restoration were also identified on chromosomes 5A (in R 18) and 7D (in R9034) in two R-lines. C1 ARS, Dept Crop Sci, USDA, MWA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Food Crops, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China. Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Zhou, WC (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Res Ctr, Box 3000,5403 1st Ave, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada. EM ZhouW@agr.gc.ca NR 37 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 2005 VL 141 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1007/s10681-005-5067-5 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 924CW UT WOS:000228957300004 ER PT J AU Gedye, KR Bettge, AD King, GE Morris, CF AF Gedye, KR Bettge, AD King, GE Morris, CF TI Evaluation of maternal parent and puroindoline allele on kernel texture in a reciprocal cross between two hard spring wheat cultivars SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE grain hardness; kernel texture; maternal inheritance; puroindoline; quality; wheat ID GRAIN HARDNESS; SEQUENCE TYPE; GENES; PROTEIN; QUALITY; LOCI; ENDOSPERM; GENOTYPES; SOFTNESS; TRAITS AB Kernel texture is an important characteristic for both the milling and the end-use quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Gene sequence variation and mutations to the two puroindoline genes (Pina and Pinb), located at the Ha locus on chromosome 5DS, account for the majority of variation in wheat kernel texture. Other factors also influence kernel texture, including effects associated with different maternal parent backgrounds. To investigate the effect of two hard puroindoline alleles in different maternal backgrounds, a population of 228 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a reciprocal cross between two wheat cultivars 'ID377s' (Pina-Dlb/Pinb-Dla) and 'Klasic' (Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1b) were examined in two succeeding generations (F-7 & F-8). Kernel texture was determined using the Single Kernel Characterization System (SKCS) and the RIL puroindoline haplotype was identified by the sequence-specific PCR amplification of each gene. Analysis of variance identified a significant (P &LE; 0.001) effect of the maternal parent and puroindoline mutation on kernel texture. RILs containing the Pina-D1b mutation were significantly harder than lines containing the Pinb-D1b mutation. RILs which had Klasic as the maternal parent were significantly harder than those which had ID377s as the maternal parent. When the maternal parent and puroindoline allele were analyzed in combination, RILs derived from Klasic as the maternal parent and the Pina-D1b allele were significantly harder (P &LE; 0.001) than those containing the same allele but ID377s as the maternal parent. The same occurred for RILs containing the Pinb-D1b allele, lines with Klasic as the maternal parent were harder than lines with ID377s as the maternal parent. These results corroborate the harder phenotype of the Pina-D1b allele and indicate a significant maternally-inherited contribution to kernel texture variation. C1 ARS, USDA, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Morris, CF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM morrisc@wsu.edu NR 26 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 2005 VL 141 IS 1-2 BP 121 EP 127 DI 10.1007/s10681-005-6336-z PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 924CW UT WOS:000228957300013 ER PT J AU Hu, ZM Wu, XL Larson, SR Wang, RRC Jones, TA Chatterton, NJ Palazzo, AJ AF Hu, ZM Wu, XL Larson, SR Wang, RRC Jones, TA Chatterton, NJ Palazzo, AJ TI Detection of linkage disequilibrium QTLs controlling low-temperature growth and metabolite accumulations in an admixed breeding population of Leymus wildryes SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE admixture linkage disequilibrium (ALD); AFLP; Leymus wildryes; QTL ID DIFFERENT WHEAT CULTIVARS; CHALCONE SYNTHASE; WINTER-WHEAT; DIFFERENTIAL INHIBITION; CRESTED WHEATGRASS; COLD-ACCLIMATION; FRUCTAN; SUCROSE; RYE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Low-temperature soluble carbohydrate accumulations are commonly associated with anthocyanin coloration, attenuated growth, and cold adaptation of cool-season grasses. A total of 647 AFLP markers were tested for associations with anthocyanin coloration, tiller formation, leaf formation, cumulative leaf length, percent soluble carbohydrate, and dry matter regrowth among replicated clones of an admixed Leymus wildrye breeding population evaluated in low-temperature growth chambers. The admixed breeding population was derived from a heterogeneous population of L. cinereus x L. triticoides F-1 hybrids, with two additional generations of open pollination. Two AFLP linkage maps, constructed from two full-sib mapping populations derived from the same F-1 hybrid population, were integrated to produce a framework consensus map used to examine the distribution of marker-trait associations in the admixed F1OP2 population. Thirty-seven linkage blocks, spanning 258 cM (13.6%) of the 1895 cM consensus map, contained 119 (50%) of the 237 markers showing at least one possible trait association (P < 0.05). Moreover, 28 (68%) of the 41 most significant marker-trait associations (P < 0.005) were located in 15 QTL linkage blocks spanning 112.9 cM (6%) of the linkage map. The coincidence of these 28 significant marker-trait associations, and many less significant associations, in 15 relatively small linkage blocks (0.6 cM to 21.3 cM) provides evidence of admixture linkage disequilibrium QTLs (ALD QTLs) in this heterogeneous breeding population. At least four of the remaining 13 putative marker-trait associations (P < 0.005) were located in genetic map regions lacking other informative markers. The complexity of marker-trait associations results from heterogeneity within and substantial divergence among the parental accessions. C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Larson, SR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM stlarson@cc.usu.edu NR 37 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2005 VL 141 IS 3 BP 263 EP 280 DI 10.1007/s10681-005-7791-2 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 923OX UT WOS:000228920300008 ER PT J AU El-Maghraby, MA Moussa, ME Hana, NS Agrama, HA AF El-Maghraby, MA Moussa, ME Hana, NS Agrama, HA TI Combining ability under drought stress relative to SSR diversity in common wheat SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE combining ability; genetic distance; microsatellite; similarity; Triticum aestivum ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; HYBRID PERFORMANCE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; BREAD WHEAT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; PARENTAL DIVERSITY; MOLECULAR MARKERS; MAIZE INBREDS; HETEROSIS; RICE AB Eight-parental diallel cross and SSR molecular markers were used to determine the combining ability of common wheat lines grown under well-watered (WW) and water-stress (WS) conditions. Analysis of variance of yield indicated highly significant differences among the progenies. General combining ability (GCA) determined most of the differences among the crosses. Specific combing ability (SCA) was also significant but less important. The estimates of GCA effects indicated that one line was the best general combiner for grain yield under drought. Nei's genetic distance, measured using SSR markers, differed from 0.20 to 0.48 among the eight genotypes. The correlation of Nei's genetic distance with SCA for grain yield and heterosis ranged from 0.4 to 0.5. These results indicate that the level of SCA and heterosis depends on the level of genetic diversity between the wheat genotypes examined. Microsatellite markers were effective in predicting the mean and the variance of SCA in various cultivars combinations. However, selection of crosses solely on microsatellite data would miss superior combinations. C1 Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Ext Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. ARC, Field Crops Res Inst, Wheat Res Program, Giza, Egypt. Univ Alexandria, Dept Genet, Alexandria, Egypt. USDA, DB Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Agrama, HA (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Ext Ctr, 2900 Hwy 130E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM HAgama@UARK.edu NR 45 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2005 VL 141 IS 3 BP 301 EP 308 DI 10.1007/s10681-005-8066-7 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 923OX UT WOS:000228920300011 ER PT J AU Arnold, RW AF Arnold, RW TI The (.) dot: Developing our technology SO EURASIAN SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Soil Classification CY AUG 03-08, 2004 CL Petrozavodsk, RUSSIA C1 USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERPERIODICA PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 1831, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35201-1831 USA SN 1064-2293 J9 EURASIAN SOIL SCI+ JI Eurasian Soil Sci. PY 2005 VL 38 SU 1 BP S99 EP S101 PG 3 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 995XF UT WOS:000234137300017 ER PT J AU Schaart, MW van der Schoor, SRD Schierbeek, H Stoll, B Burrin, DG van Goudoever, JB AF Schaart, MW van der Schoor, SRD Schierbeek, H Stoll, B Burrin, DG van Goudoever, JB TI High intestinal utilization of threonine in piglets. SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sophia Childrens Univ Hosp, Erasmus MC, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0954-691X J9 EUR J GASTROEN HEPAT JI Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 17 IS 1 BP A7 EP A8 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 893LF UT WOS:000226719800046 ER PT J AU Fish, WW AF Fish, WW TI Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein activity in cantaloupe fruit as a function of fruit maturation and tissue origin SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus niger; cantaloupe fruit development; Didymella bryoniae; Fusarium solani; PGIP activity; Phomopsis cucurbitae; polygalacturonase ID HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS; BARTLETT PEAR FRUIT; DEFENSE RESPONSES; MUSKMELON FRUIT; APPLE FRUIT; CELL-WALLS; PURIFICATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFECTION; ENZYME AB Netted cantaloupe (Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis cv. Magnum 45) were harvested from 5 to 35 days postanthesis. The fruit of each age group were divided into exocarp, outer mesocarp, mid mesocarp, inner mesocarp, placenta, and seed. Each tissue was extracted and assayed for polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) activity against polygalacturonases (PGs) from three fungal pathogens of cantaloupe fruit. The PGIP activity of all tissues except placenta was high from the flower stage through the first week of fruit development but decreased markedly between 5 and 10 days postanthesis. PGIP activity against Phomopsis cucurbitae PG remained high and nearly constant in placental tissue throughout fruit development. However in this same tissue, PGIP activity against Fusarium solani PG decreased during fruit development to about 25% of its level in the 5-day-old fruit. This differential change in PGIP activity toward the two PGs suggests that different forms of the inhibitor are expressed between early and late stages of cantaloupe fruit development. The results also illustrate the importance of using multiple pathogen enzyme systems that can provide an opportunity for more accurate elucidation of mechanisms involved in the host-opathogen interaction. C1 USDA ARS, SCARL, Lane, OK 74555 USA. RP USDA ARS, SCARL, POB 159, Lane, OK 74555 USA. EM wfish-usda@lane-ag.org NR 28 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 EI 1573-8469 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 111 IS 1 BP 67 EP 76 DI 10.1007/s10658-004-2810-z PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 896PC UT WOS:000226945000008 ER PT J AU Davey, RB Miller, JA George, JE Miller, RJ AF Davey, RB Miller, JA George, JE Miller, RJ TI Therapeutic and persistent efficacy of a single injection treatment of ivermectin and moxidectin against Boophilus microplus (Acari : Ixodidae) on infested cattle SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Boophilus microplus; control; ivermectin; macrocyclic lactone; moxidectin; southern cattle tick ID POUR-ON; TICK; COUMAPHOS; DORAMECTIN; RESISTANCE AB The effectiveness of a single treatment with either ivermectin or moxidectin was determined by administering a single subcutaneous injection of each endectocide at 200 mu g per kg body weight to cattle infested with all parasitic developmental stages (adults, nymphs, and larvae) of Boophilus microplus (Canestrini). The percentage reduction in the number of females that reached repletion following treatment (outright kill) was 94.8 and 91.1% for ivermectin and moxidectin, respectively. In addition, the reproductive capacity of the females that did survive to repletion was reduced by > 99%, regardless of the endectocide. Based on these two factors, the therapeutic level of control obtained against ticks on the cattle at the time of treatment was 99.0 and 99.1% for ivermectin and moxidectin, respectively. Engorged females recovered from either group of treated cattle weighed approximate to 3-times less than untreated females, and the egg masses produced by treated females weighed approximate to 5-8-times less than egg masses produced by untreated females. Partitioning of data into three separate 7-d post-treatment intervals allowed for an estimation of the efficacy of each endectocide against each individual parasitic development stage (adult, nymph, and larva). Results indicated that both endectocides were >= 99.7% effective against ticks that were in either the adult or nymphal stage at the time of treatment. However, the level of control against ticks in the larval stage of development at treatment was significantly lower at 97.9 and 98.4% for ivermectin and moxidectin, respectively. Analysis of the persistent (residual) activity of the two endectocides indicated that neither material provided total protection against larval re-infestation for even 1-wk following treatment. Against larvae infested 1-4 wk following treatment, the level of control with moxidectin ranged from 92.4% (1 wk) to 19.5% (4 wk). These control levels were higher at each weekly interval than for ivermectin, which ranged from 82.4% (1 wk) to 0.0% (4 wk). The potential for the use of these injectable endectocide formulations in the US Boophilus Eradication Program is discussed. C1 USDA ARS, SPA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. USDA ARS, SPA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Davey, RB (reprint author), USDA ARS, SPA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, 22675 N Moorefield Rd, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM Ronald.B.Davey@aphis.usda.gov NR 22 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PY 2005 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 129 DI 10.1007/s10493-004-2046-9 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 927HV UT WOS:000229185900009 PM 15777005 ER PT J AU Ochoa, R Pettis, JS Erbe, E Wergin, WP AF Ochoa, R Pettis, JS Erbe, E Wergin, WP TI Observations on the honey bee tracheal mite Acarapis woodi (Acari : Tarsonemidae) using low-temperature scanning electron microscopy SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acarapis; Acari; behavior; locomotion; LT-SEM; morphology; tracheal bee mite ID APIS-MELLIFERA; INFESTATION; RENNIE AB Observations were made of cryo-preserved honey bee tracheal mites Acarapis woodi (Rennie) using scanning electron microscopy. We describe various new morphological attributes of A. woodi based on the ability of the cryo-technique to capture live mites in natural positions and observe the Low-Temperature Scanning Electron Microscopy (LT-SEM) photographs under a 3-D viewer. Most striking was the observation that each leg has the ability to independently twist its segments with the ambulacrum rotating a minimum of 180&DEG; during locomotion; this is a more sophisticated form of locomotion than has been proposed for the Acari. Adult daughter mites are known to be the dispersal instar moving from the tracheal tube to the thoracic hairs of the bee and then transferring to a new bee. We hypothesize that adult tarsal claws and setae on the legs play a role in attachment to hairs during dispersal. However, our evidence is that none of the life stases use their tarsal claws within the tracheal tubes. Larvae were observed to be 'freely moving' within the tracheal system, their tarsal claws rendered inoperative due to an enlarged swollen pulvillar pad. The solenidia of leg I are now known to have striations and the famulus is bifurcated. The bifurcated famulus, solenidial striations, and segmentation of leg IV of females may have taxonomic implications in the family Tarsonemidae. The body and leg setae of adults appear to be used as a tactile tool to sense the amount of space within the tracheal tubes; most of the setae are oriented distally and may help the mite to measure the space or radius of the tracheal tubes. The modified caudal region of the male revealed remnants of the h(1) and h(2) setae and a smooth clean surface, void of a film, supporting that pharate nymphs are not attached in this species. C1 USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, BARC W, ARS,Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bee Res Lab, BARC E,Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA, Electron Microscopy Unit, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, BARC E,ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ochoa, R (reprint author), USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, BARC W, ARS,Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 005,Room 137, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rochoa@sel.barc.usda.gov NR 37 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PY 2005 VL 35 IS 3 BP 239 EP 249 DI 10.1007/s10493-004-5080-8 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 927HW UT WOS:000229186000006 PM 15792103 ER PT J AU Hibbert, JM Hsu, LL Bhathena, SJ Irune, I Sarfo, B Creary, MS Gee, BE Mohamed, AI Buchanan, ID Al-Mahmoud, A Stiles, JK AF Hibbert, JM Hsu, LL Bhathena, SJ Irune, I Sarfo, B Creary, MS Gee, BE Mohamed, AI Buchanan, ID Al-Mahmoud, A Stiles, JK TI Proinflammatory cytokines and the hypermetabolism of children with sickle cell disease SO EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th Scientific Meeting of the Caribbean-Health-Research-Council CY APR 19-24, 2004 CL St George, GRENADA SP Caribbean Hlth Res Council DE energy expenditure; protein catabolism; hemolysis; chemokines ID RESTING METABOLIC-RATE; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; STEADY-STATE; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; LEPTIN CONCENTRATIONS; VASOOCCLUSIVE CRISIS; PROTEIN-TURNOVER; BODY-COMPOSITION AB Sickle cell anemia (HbSS) includes chronic inflammation, but the origin is unclear. We hypothesized that in stable HbSS patients the inflammation was associated with hypermetabolism. We compared selected hypermetabolic and key immunomodulator indicators in HbSS versus control children and examined associations between measures of hypermetabolism and inflammation. Twelve fasting asymptomatic HbSS children 6-12 years and 9 controls matched for age, gender and fat mass (FM) were studied. Proportional reticulocyte count (retic%) and resting energy expenditure (REE) represented hypermetabolism, and C-reactive protein (CRP) indicated inflammation. Proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and energy balance cytokine leptin were measured. Methods were indirect calorimetry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and radioimmunoassay. Statistical analysis included simple correlation and regression analysis. REE (51 +/- 6 vs. 43 +/- 12 kcal/kg per fat-free mass (FFM), mean +/- SD), retic% (12 +/- 4 vs. 0.7 +/- 0.3%), CRP (5 +/- 3 vs. 0.3 +/- 0.4 mg/liter), and IL-6 (71 +/- 40 vs. 20 +/- 7 pg/ml) were significantly higher for HbSS than controls (P < 0.05). Conversely, leptin (0.1 +/- 0.1 vs. 2 +/- 1 mug/liter per kgFM) and MCP-1 (34 +/- 5 vs. 41 +/- 4 pg/ml) were significantly lower for the HbSS subjects (P < 0.01). TNF-alpha was not significantly different. There were no significant associations between REE or retic% and any cytokine measured. However, CRP was significantly associated with REE in HbSS (r = 0.8, P = 0.003) and an important predictor of REE/FFM. We provide new evidence for low circulating levels of inflammatory chemokine MCP-1 in stable HbSS children, confirm mostly low cytokine levels, inflammation, and hypermetabolism and demonstrate association of hypermetabolism with inflammation via CRP but not via cytokines. C1 Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19134 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. RP Hibbert, JM (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, 720 Westview Dr,SW, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. EM hibberj@msm.edu RI Hsu, Lewis/A-3360-2008 FU NCRR NIH HHS [G12 RR003034, G12-RR03034, M01 RR-00039, M01 RR000039]; NIGMS NIH HHS [S06 GM-008248, S06 GM008248] NR 40 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY MEDICINE PI MAYWOOD PA 195 WEST SPRING VALLEY AVE, MAYWOOD, NJ 07607-1727 USA SN 1535-3702 J9 EXP BIOL MED JI Exp. Biol. Med. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 230 IS 1 BP 68 EP 74 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 883FB UT WOS:000225994800009 PM 15618128 ER PT S AU Waterland, RA AF Waterland, RA BE Hernell, O Schmitz, J TI Does nutrition during infancy and early childhood contribute to later obesity via metabolic imprinting of epigenetic gene regulatory mechanisms? SO Feeding During Late Infancy and Early Childhood: Impact on Health SE NESTLE NUTRITION WORKSHOP SERIES PEDIATRIC PROGRAM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 56th Nestle Pediatric Nutrition Workshop CY NOV 14-18, 2004 CL Noordwijk, NETHERLANDS ID CHRONIC DISEASES; RAT PANCREAS; WEIGHT-GAIN; CLONED MICE; EXPRESSION; INSULIN; GLUCOSE; GENOME; MOUSE; FETAL C1 Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Waterland, RA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK063781] NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0742-2806 BN 3-8055-7906-3 J9 NESTLE NUTR WORKS SE PY 2005 VL 56 BP 157 EP 174 DI 10.1159/000086298 PG 18 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA BDD04 UT WOS:000232792000012 PM 16632951 ER PT J AU He, HQ Lowry, VK Swaggerty, CL Ferro, PJ Kogut, MH AF He, HQ Lowry, VK Swaggerty, CL Ferro, PJ Kogut, MH TI In vitro activation of chicken leukocytes and in vivo protection against Salmonella enteritidis organ invasion and peritoneal S-enteritidis infection-induced mortality in neonatal chickens by immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotide SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CpG-ODN; Salmonella enteritidis; infection; innate immunity; leukocytes; chicken ID NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; BACTERIAL-DNA; OXIDATIVE BURST; DIFFERENTIAL ACTIVATION; AVIAN MACROPHAGE; REACTIVE OXYGEN; CUTTING EDGE; PATHWAYS; HETEROPHILS; EXPRESSION AB Unmethylated CpG oligodinucleotides (CpG-ODN) flanked by specific bases found in bacterial DNA are known to stimulate innate immune responses. In this study, synthetic CpG-ODNs were evaluated for their in vitro stimulation of leukocyte and in vivo protection against Salmonella enteritidis (SE) in neonatal chickens. Our studies showed that CpG-ODN stimulated bactericidal activities, releasing granules (degranulation) and generating reactive oxygen species (oxidative burst), in chicken heterophils and up regulated nitric oxide production in chicken peripheral blood monocytes. When day-old chickens were given (i.p.) synthetic CpG-ODNs followed by oral challenge of SE, a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of organ invasion by SE was observed in chickens pretreated with CpG-ODN containing the immunostimulatory GTCGTT motif. This CpG-OND also significantly reduced mortality of chickens with acute peritoneal infection of SE. Our study provides evidence that immunostimulatory CpG-ODN stimulated innate immune activities and enhanced the resistance to infectious pathogens in neonatal chickens. (C) 2004 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Anat & Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Texas Vet Med Diagnost Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP He, HQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM he@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 39 TC 43 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-8244 J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. PD JAN 1 PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1 BP 81 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.femism.2004.07.009 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 885RH UT WOS:000226174100011 PM 15607640 ER PT B AU Schnepf, M AF Schnepf, M BE Thomas, AG TI Realizing the promise of conservation buffer technology SO Field Boundary Habitats: Implications for Weed, Insect and Disease Management SE TOPICS IN CANADIAN WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Field Boundary Habitats CY NOV, 2002 CL Saskatoon, CANADA SP Canadian Weed Sci Soc DE agricultural land management; soil erosion; water quality; conservation program incentives; social and economic barriers; riparian restoration and protection AB Conservation buffers are a promising way to increase the effectiveness and lower the cost of programs to protect soil and water quality. This was among, the important conclusions in an exhaustive 1993 report by the National Research Council's Board on Agriculture. Particularly when combined with supporting practices that enhance buffer performance, such as conservation tillage, nutrient management, and integrated pest management, conservation buffers offer great potential to achieve multiple environmental management objectives. Those objectives include soil erosion and sediment control, air and water quality improvement, fish and wildlife habitat enhancement, flood control, carbon sequestration, and more scenic and diverse landscapes. The potential for using conservation buffers to address a range of environmental issues was a primary reason why the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), in 1997, created the National Conservation Buffer Initiative. This initiative is intended to help producers better understand the value of buffers and become acquainted with those USDA conservation programs available to help producers use buffers for a variety of conservation purposes. The goal of the initiative is to encourage produccrs to install up to 3.2 million kilometres of buffers. Nearly 100 of the leading agricultural and conservation organizations in the nation are members of USDA's National Conservation Buffer Team. A number of USDA conservation programs are available to help producers install and maintain buffer practices. Particularly important is the continuous Conservation Reserve Program sign-up, which offers attractive financial incentives to help producers install specific buffer practices. Those incentives make buffers work financially for producers, and an increasing body of research indicates that buffers work environmentally as well. C1 USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Natl Conservat Buffer Initiat, Ankeny, IA 50021 USA. RP Schnepf, M (reprint author), USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Natl Conservat Buffer Initiat, 945 SW Ankeny Rd, Ankeny, IA 50021 USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN WEED SCIENCE SOC, SOC CANADIENNE MALHERBOLOGIE PI QUEBEC PA PO BOX 222, SAINTE-ANNE-DE BELLEVUE, QUEBEC, H9X 3RD, CANADA BN 0-9688970-1-0 J9 TOP CAN WEED SCI PY 2005 VL 1 BP 15 EP 24 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Entomology SC Plant Sciences; Entomology GA BCY86 UT WOS:000231933000003 ER PT J AU Higgins, AD Silverstein, JT Engles, J Wilson, ME Rexroad, CE Blemings, KP AF Higgins, AD Silverstein, JT Engles, J Wilson, ME Rexroad, CE Blemings, KP TI Starvation induced alterations in hepatic lysine metabolism in different families of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) SO FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE feed efficiency; lysine; lysine alpha-ketoglutarate reductase; rainbow trout ID ALPHA-KETOGLUTARATE REDUCTASE; DEGRADING ENZYMES; DIETARY-PROTEIN; RAT-LIVER; SUPPLEMENTATION; SACCHAROPINE; DEGRADATION; EXPRESSION; OXIDATION; SEQUENCE AB Lysine is the second limiting amino acid in fish meal based diets, second only to methionine. However, little is known about lysine metabolism in rainbow trout (RBT). Therefore, lysine catabolism by the lysine (alpha-ketoglutarate reductase (LKR) pathway was studied. Additionally, since genetically improved strains could influence fish production, these studies were performed in 4 distinct families of RBT. Two full-sibling families, differing in feed efficiency, were selected from each of 2 strains (A and B) of RBT. Eight fish from each of the 4 families were allotted to individual tanks. Fish were fed until satiation for 5 weeks when four fish within each family were randomly selected for 2 weeks of starvation. After the starvation period, all fish were harvested. Hepatic in-vitro LKR activity and lysine oxidation were measured as was LKR mRNA. No effect of family within strain on LKR activity or lysine oxidation was detected, Strain A exhibited a 55% reduction (p < 0.01) in LKR transcripts compared to strain B pooled across both feeding levels. Within each family, LKR mRNA was decreased (p < 0.01) in starved vs. fed fish. On average, there was a 68% decrease in LKR transcripts for starved fish. LKR activity averaged 104 +/- 33 and 150 +/- 31 nmol/min*gm liver (p > 0.1) in fed and starved fish, respectively. Lysine oxidation averaged 1.2 +/- 0.5 and 2.2 +/- 0.4 nmol/min*gm liver (p > 0.1) in fed and starved fish, respectively. LKR transcripts were positively correlated to weight gain (p < 0.01). These data are consistent with multiple modes of LKR regulation in fish. C1 W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Vet Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. W Virginia Univ, Program Genet & Dev Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Blemings, KP (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Vet Sci, POB 6108, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM kbleming@wvu.edu NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1742 J9 FISH PHYSIOL BIOCHEM JI Fish Physiol. Biochem. PY 2005 VL 31 IS 1 BP 33 EP 44 DI 10.1007/s10695-005-4587-1 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology GA 051VY UT WOS:000238191000004 ER PT J AU Moore, V Harris, F Cross, D AF Moore, V Harris, F Cross, D TI Fish and watershed program review: USDA forest service SO FISHERIES LA English DT Reprint C1 Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Boise, ID USA. N Carolina Wildlife Resources Comm, Raleigh, NC USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Moore, V (reprint author), Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Boise, ID USA. EM vmoore@idfg.state.id.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0363-2415 J9 FISHERIES JI Fisheries PD JAN PY 2005 VL 30 IS 1 BP 31 EP 36 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 888DF UT WOS:000226353700010 ER PT J AU Hauck, M Spribille, T AF Hauck, M Spribille, T TI The significance of precipitation and substrate chemistry for epiphytic lichen diversity in spruce-fir forests of the Salish Mountains, northwestern Montana SO FLORA LA English DT Article DE bark chemistry; lichen ecology; manganese; Mn/Ca ratio; stemflow chemistry; water relations ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; HYPOGYMNIA-PHYSODES; LECANORA-CONIZAEOIDES; STEMFLOW CHEMISTRY; WHITEFACE MOUNTAIN; NEW-YORK; HARZ MOUNTAINS; ABIES-BALSAMEA; UNITED-STATES; SITE FACTORS AB The relevance of chemical site factors for the abundance of epiphytic lichens was studied in Picea engelmannii-Abies lasiocarpa forests of the Salish Mountains, northwestern Montana, USA. The Salish Mountains are an area with relatively low atmospheric pollutant load and low precipitation. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) suggests that cover of several lichen species was limited by high Mn concentrations of bark or by high ratios of Mn to Ca, Mg and Fe. Mn in the bark is known primarily to derive from the soil. An effect of Mn concentration or Mn/Ca and Mn/ Mg ratios was not found on A. lasiocarpa. This suggests that A. lasiocarpa deposits Mn in the bark in a physiologically inactive form as already known from A. balsamea. Precipitation chemistry was apparently less relevant for epiphytic lichen distribution in the Salish Mountains, as no correlations between element concentrations in stemflow and cover values were found and as amounts of sternflow were small. However, precipitation in the study year was less than average. The lacking significance of precipitation chemistry is probably the cause why epiphytic lichen vegetation differed less between living and dead trees in the Salish Mountains than in highly polluted coniferous forests studied by our group in Germany; in Germany, the difference between living and dead trees was attributed to reduced interception of pollutants from the atmosphere by trees with reduced crown surface. The result of the present study that small-scale variation of epiphytic lichen abundance is only partly explainable by chemical parameters gives rise to the assumption that microclimate (e.g., moisture), which has not been systematically explored, could be an important site factor for epiphytic lichens in the Salish Mountains. Furthermore, tree age was identified by CCA as a relevant site factor for lichens on P. engelmannii. (c) 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Gottingen, Albrecht Haller Inst Plant Sci, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. USDA, Forest Serv, Kootenai Natl Forest, Fortine, MT 59918 USA. RP Hauck, M (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Albrecht Haller Inst Plant Sci, Untere Karpule 2, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. EM mhauck@gwdg.de RI Spribille, Toby/D-9945-2011 NR 40 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0367-2530 J9 FLORA JI Flora PY 2005 VL 200 IS 6 BP 547 EP 562 DI 10.1016/J.FLORA.2005.06.006 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 989IQ UT WOS:000233666500006 ER PT J AU Rentz, SS Showker, JL Meredith, FI Riley, RT AF Rentz, SS Showker, JL Meredith, FI Riley, RT TI Inhibition of sphingolipid biosynthesis decreases phosphorylated ERK2 in LLC-PK1 cells SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE furnonisin B-1; sphingolipids; LLC-PK1 cells; MAP kinase; ERK2 ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; RENAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CERAMIDE SYNTHASE INHIBITION; FUMONISIN B-1; SERINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE; BASE ACCUMULATION; APOPTOSIS; SPHINGOSINE; SPHINGANINE; CYTOTOXICITY AB Fumonisin B-1 (FB1) is a fungal toxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides that inhibits ceramide synthase (CS), a key enzyme in the de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway. In LLC-PK1 cells, FB1 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, which can be prevented by inhibitors of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). lnhibition of SPT prevents the FB1-induced accumulation of free sphinganine, a precursor of ceramide biosynthesis. However, not all of the effects of FBI in LLC-PK1 cells can be explained solely by the increase in free sphingoid bases. The downstream signaling pathways that are affected by FBI-induced disruption of sphingolipid biosynthesis are not well understood. This study determined, in LLC-PK1 cells, changes in p42 MAP kinase (phosphorylated ERK2 [pERK2]) phosphorylation in response to various inhibitors of key enzymes of the de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway (CS, SPT. and glucosylceramide synthase [GlcCer synthase]). The results show that inhibition of any of the three enzymes caused a similar decrease in the extent of phosphorylation of ERK2 with no reduction in total ERK2. The co-treatment of FB1 (CS inhibitor) with SPT inhibitors or the GlcCer synthase inhibitor had no effect on the FB1-induced reduction in pERK2 phosphorylation, indicating that FB1-mediated changes in phosphorylation of pERK2 was independent of increases in free sphinganine or its metabolites or a reduction in ceramide. Nonetheless, the decrease in pERK2 phosphorylation was dependent on inhibition of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis. Decreased pERK2 activity could contribute to the physiological effects of FB1 in LLC-PK1 cells that are not due to alteration in pathways modulated by free sphingoid bases and their metabolites but are sensitive to inhibition of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Riley, RT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM rriley@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.fct.2004.09.001 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 889ME UT WOS:000226446300014 PM 15582204 ER PT J AU Young, ND Sanders, TH Drake, MA Osborne, J Civille, GV AF Young, ND Sanders, TH Drake, MA Osborne, J Civille, GV TI Descriptive analysis and US consumer acceptability of peanuts from different origins SO FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE LA English DT Article DE peanut flavor; sensory analysis; descriptive analysis; consumer evaluation ID FLAVOR; TEMPERATURE; MATURITY AB The objective of this study was to evaluate descriptive and consumer flavor responses to peanuts (Arachis hypogaea, runner type) from different production origins: United States, China, and Argentina. Twenty, 25-lb samples from lots exported from each country (total = 60) were randomly selected. After roasting, peanuts were evaluated using descriptive sensory analysis. Six samples from each origin, which covered the sensory space of all samples from that origin were selected for consumer testing in the United States. Consumers (n = 100) evaluated peanuts for overall liking and the strength/intensity for liking of. color, flavor and texture attributes using a nine-point hedonic scale. Descriptive sensory profiles, specific for the different origins, were observed (P < 0.05). Consumer scores for overall liking were United States>China>Argentina, respectively. Overall and flavor liking exhibited strong correlation with strength/intensity for liking characteristics of many of the attributes studied (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that production origin impacts descriptive sensory attribute intensity and consumer preference of roasted peanuts. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Market Qual & Handling Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Food Sci, Raleigh, NC 27694 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27694 USA. Sensory Spectrum Inc, Chatham, NJ 07928 USA. RP Sanders, TH (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Market Qual & Handling Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tim_sanders@ncsu.edu; mdra-ke@unity.ncsu.edu NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-3293 J9 FOOD QUAL PREFER JI Food. Qual. Prefer. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 16 IS 1 BP 37 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.foodqual.2003.12.006 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 871JN UT WOS:000225127600004 ER PT J AU During, A Harrison, EH AF During, A Harrison, EH TI An in vitro model to study the intestinal absorption of carotenoids SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Congress on Pigments in Food CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Quimper, FRANCE DE beta-carotene; cis isomers; alpha-carotene; lycopene; lutein; Caco-2 cells; chylomicrons; intestinal absorption ID RICH LIPOPROTEIN FRACTION; TRANS-BETA-CAROTENE; ALL-TRANS; CACO-2 CELLS; VITAMIN-A; LUTEIN; CHYLOMICRONS; METABOLISM; SECRETION; 9-CIS-BETA-CAROTENE AB An in vitro cell culture model to assess the intestinal absorption of carotenoids is described. When supplemented with taurocholate and oleic acid, differentiated Caco-2 cells on membranes are able to produce chylomicrons. Under conditions mimicking the in vivo postprandial state, Caco-2 cells take up carotenoids and secrete them incorporated into chylomicrons; the extents of absorption of all-trans, 9-cis, 13-cis beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, lutein, lycopene were 11%, 2%, 3%, 10%, 7%, and 3%, respectively. Saturation of beta-carotene transport through Caco-2 cells occurred at concentrations (> 15 mu M) higher than "physiological" concentrations. Finally, retinol supplementation resulted in an 1.7-fold increase in beta-carotene transport. The data suggest that (1) the intestinal absorption of carotenoids is facilitated by the participation of a specific epithelial transporter and (2) retinol promotes beta-carotene incorporation into larger, retinyl ester-enriched chylomicrons. The present in vitro cell culture system is a relevant model to study the intestinal absorption of carotenoids at the molecular level. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, Phytonutrients Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP During, A (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM duringa@ba.ars.usda.gov RI During, Alexandrine/I-5405-2015; OI During, Alexandrine/0000-0002-6878-0870 NR 27 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9969 J9 FOOD RES INT JI Food Res. Int. PY 2005 VL 38 IS 8-9 BP 1001 EP 1008 DI 10.1016/j.foodres.2004.07.013 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 957VW UT WOS:000231402400029 ER PT J AU Richter, DL Laks, PE Larsen, KM Stephens, AL AF Richter, DL Laks, PE Larsen, KM Stephens, AL TI Comparison of isolates and strains within the brown-rot fungus genus Gloeophyllum using the soil block decay method SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE; BASIDIOMYCETE; STEREUM AB Eleven decay tests, using three isolates of Gloeophyllum trabeum, one isolate of G. separium, plus five pairings (co-cultures) of G. trabeum isolates, were conducted based on standard soil block decay test methods. After 12 weeks, the greatest mean weight loss achieved in southern yellow pine sapwood blocks was 47.5 percent with a pairing of two isolates of G. trabeum (wild type DR 397 x ATCC 11539). The lowest weight loss achieved was 19.1 percent with a wild type isolate (DR 274). A newly obtained (2001) isolate of G. trabeum (MAD 617) achieved significantly better weight loss (43.7%) than a culture of the same isolate that had been used in the current lab since 1991 (24.2%). The results indicate the variability of decay capability of Gloeophyllum isolates due to such factors as age, storage, and origin. Results also demonstrate the difficulty of achieving 50 percent or more weight loss in southern yellow pine sapwood by a selection of Gloeophyllum isolates under optimum conditions using standard test procedures. In addition, it was found that inserting the test block in the soil jar at the time of inoculation resulted in the same amount of weight loss as the standard method of inserting the test block 3 weeks after inoculation; the former method saves time and reduces contamination. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Paper Testing Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Richter, DL (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 55 IS 1 BP 72 EP 75 PG 4 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 889VV UT WOS:000226471800010 ER PT J AU Beck, MA Shi, Q Morris, VC Levander, OA AF Beck, MA Shi, Q Morris, VC Levander, OA TI Benign coxsackievirus damages heart muscle in iron-loaded vitamin E-deficient mice SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE coxsackievirus; viral virulence; oxidative stress; free radicals; vitamin E deficiency; iron overload ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; HUMAN ENTEROVIRUS; IN-VIVO; TOXICITY; SELENIUM; B3; OVERLOAD; RATS; MALONDIALDEHYDE; MYOCARDITIS AB Several oxidative stressors (dietary selenium deficiency, dietary vitamin E deficiency coupled with fish oil feeding, genetic reduction of glutathione peroxidase activity) allow a normally benign coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3/0) to damage heart muscle in host mice. This study investigated whether dietary iron overload, another oxidant stress, would also permit CVB3/0 to exert a cardiopathologic effect in vitamin E-deficient (-VE) mice. Four groups of mice were fed either a -VE or a +VE diet containing either an adequate or an excessive (30 x) amount of iron. After 4 weeks of feeding, the mice were inoculated with CV133/0 and heart damage was assessed at various times postinfection. Mice fed a diet sufficient in VE with excess iron developed heart damage equivalent to mice fed a diet deficient in vitamin E without excess iron. However, severe heart damage occurred in the group fed a diet deficient in VE with excess iron, which was the most pro-oxidative diet. The highest heart viral titers were found in mice fed the -VE/excessive iron diet. However, the extent of heart damage did not always correlate with the formation of TBARS in liver homogenates. Further research is needed to clarify the role of oxidative stress and iron overload in determining the course of viral infection. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Nutr Requirements & Funct Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Beck, MA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, 3312 Med Biomol Res Bldg,CB 7224, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM melinda_beck@unc.edu NR 30 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 1 BP 112 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.10.007 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 885QV UT WOS:000226172900014 PM 15589379 ER PT J AU Cordell, HK Green, GT Leeworthy, VR Stephens, R Fly, MJ Betz, CJ AF Cordell, H. K. Green, G. T. Leeworthy, V. R. Stephens, R. Fly, M. J. Betz, C. J. BE Cushman, G Veal, AJ Zuzanek, J TI United States of America: Outdoor Recreation SO FREE TIME AND LEISURE PARTICIPATION: INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Cordell, H. K.; Betz, C. J.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Athens, GA USA. [Green, G. T.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Leeworthy, V. R.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Stephens, R.; Fly, M. J.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Cordell, HK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Athens, GA USA. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-0-85199-620-2 PY 2005 BP 245 EP 264 DI 10.1079/9780851996202.0245 D2 10.1079/9780851996202.0000 PG 20 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BDE16 UT WOS:000312933700017 ER PT J AU Clemons, CM Caulfield, DF AF Clemons, Craig M. Caulfield, Daniel F. BE Xanthos, M TI Natural Fibers SO FUNCTIONAL FILLERS FOR PLASTICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES; WOOD FIBER C1 [Clemons, Craig M.; Caulfield, Daniel F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Clemons, CM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-3-527-60509-5 PY 2005 BP 195 EP 206 DI 10.1002/3527605096.ch11 D2 10.1002/3527605096 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA BXZ54 UT WOS:000297699500012 ER PT J AU Clemons, CM Caulfield, DF AF Clemons, Craig M. Caulfield, Daniel F. BE Xanthos, M TI Wood Flour SO FUNCTIONAL FILLERS FOR PLASTICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES; FIBER; CELLULOSE C1 [Clemons, Craig M.; Caulfield, Daniel F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Clemons, CM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 46 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-3-527-60509-5 PY 2005 BP 249 EP 270 DI 10.1002/3527605096.ch15 D2 10.1002/3527605096 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Applied; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA BXZ54 UT WOS:000297699500016 ER PT J AU Singer, BD Ziska, LH Frenz, DA Gebhard, DE Straka, JG AF Singer, BD Ziska, LH Frenz, DA Gebhard, DE Straka, JG TI Increasing Amb a 1 content in common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) pollen as a function of rising atmospheric CO2 concentration SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE allergenicity; climate change; public health ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; AEROALLERGENS; ALLERGY; PREVALENCE; MISSOURI; PROTEINS; ANTIGEN; ASTHMA AB Although the impact of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) on production of common ragweed ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) pollen has been examined in both indoor and outdoor experiments, the relationship between allergen expression and [CO2] is not known. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) was used to quantify Amb a 1, ragweed's major allergen, in protein extracted from pollen of A. artemisiifolia grown at different [CO2] values in a previous experiment. The concentrations used approximated atmospheric pre-industrial conditions (i.e. at the end of the 19th century), current conditions, and the CO2 concentration projected for the middle of the 21st century ( 280, 370 and 600 mu mol mol(-1) CO2, respectively). Although total pollen protein remained unchanged, significant increases in Amb a 1 allergen were observed between pre-industrial and projected future [CO2] and between current and projected future [CO2] (1.8 and 1.6 times, respectively). These data suggest that recent and projected increases in [CO2] could directly increase the allergenicity of ragweed pollen and consequently the prevalence and / or severity of seasonal allergic disease. However, genetic and abiotic factors governing allergen expression will need to be better established to fully understand these data and their implications for public health. C1 ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Macalester Coll, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. Multidata LLC, St Louis Pk, MN 55416 USA. RP ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, USDA, 10 300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lziska@asrr.arsusda.gov RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015; OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284; Singer, Benjamin/0000-0001-5775-8427 NR 24 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 11 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2005 VL 32 IS 7 BP 667 EP 670 DI 10.1071/FP05039 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 942TJ UT WOS:000230305100009 ER PT J AU Gapper, NE Coupe, SA McKenzie, MJ Scott, RW Christey, MC Lill, RE McManus, MT Jameson, PE AF Gapper, NE Coupe, SA McKenzie, MJ Scott, RW Christey, MC Lill, RE McManus, MT Jameson, PE TI Senescence-associated down-regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase delays harvest-induced senescence in broccoli SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACC oxidase; antisense; asparagine synthetase promoter; Brassica oleracea; broccoli; ethylene; postharvest; senescence ID ETHYLENE PRODUCTION; BRASSICA-OLERACEA; FLORET SENESCENCE; LEAF SENESCENCE; WHITE CLOVER; EXPRESSION; TRANSGENE; LONGEVITY; PROTEINS; ONTOGENY AB To gain an in-depth understanding of the role of ethylene in post harvest senescence, we used broccoli ( Brassica oleracea var. italica) as our model species. The senescence-associated asparagine synthetase ( AS) promoter from asparagus was used to drive the expression of an antisense 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO) cDNA from broccoli, BoACO2, to reduce ethylene production following harvest. Physiological analyses revealed that transgenic broccoli lines harbouring the antisense BoACO2 gene construct ( designated as AS-asACO) displayed delayed senescence in both detached leaves and detached heads as measured by hue angle. Harvested floret tissue from these plants also showed a delayed loss of chlorophyll, lower protease activity and higher total protein content, and changes in transcript levels of senescence marker genes when compared with wild type and transgenic lines transformed with an empty T-DNA. Genes that were down-regulated included those coding for cysteine protease (BoCP5), metallothionein-like protein (BoMT1), hexokinase (BoHK1), invertase (BoINV1) and sucrose transporters (BoSUC1 and BoSUC2). Northern analysis for BoACO1 and BoACO2, ACO assays and western analysis, revealed reduced ACO transcript, enzyme activity and protein accumulation, as well as reduced ethylene production in the transgenic AS-asACO lines when compared with controls, confirming that a key enzyme regulating ethylene biosynthesis was reduced in these plants. This, together with the changes observed in gene expression, confirm a significant role for ethylene in regulating the events leading to senescence in broccoli following harvest. C1 New Zealand Inst Crop & Food Res Ltd, Food Ind Sci Ctr, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Massey Univ, Inst Mol Biosci, Palmerston North, New Zealand. New Zealand Inst Crop & Food Res Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand. RP ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gappern@ba.ars.usda.gov RI Lill, Ross/A-8610-2011; McKenzie, Marian/D-1701-2016; OI Lill, Ross/0000-0003-0400-663X; McKenzie, Marian/0000-0002-0192-5799; Scott, Richard/0000-0001-7188-7102 NR 26 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2005 VL 32 IS 10 BP 891 EP 901 DI 10.1071/FP05076 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 970JW UT WOS:000232305300003 ER PT J AU Auger, DL Gray, AD Ream, TS Kato, A Coe, EH Birchler, JA AF Auger, DL Gray, AD Ream, TS Kato, A Coe, EH Birchler, JA TI Nonadditive gene expression in diploid and triploid hybrids of maize SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; ANEUPLOID SYNDROMES; MITOCHONDRIAL GENE; DOSAGE SERIES; HETEROSIS; LOCUS; FERTILIZATION; NUCLEAR AB The molecular basis of hybrid vigor (heterosis) has remained unknown despite the importance of this phenomenon in evolution and in practical breeding programs. To formulate a molecular basis of heterosis, an understanding of gene expression in inbred and hybrid states is needed. In this study, we examined the amount of various transcripts in hybrid and inbred individuals (B73 and Mo17) to determine whether the quantities of specific messenger RNAs were additive or nonadditive in the hybrids. Further, we examined the levels of the same transcripts in hybrid triploid individuals that had received unequal genomic contributions, one haploid genome from one parent and two from the other. If allelic expression were merely the additive value in hybrids from the two parents, the midparent values would be observed. Our study revealed that a substantial number of genes do not exhibit the midparent value of expression in hybrids. Instead, transcript levels in the diploid hybrids correlate negatively with the levels in diploid inbreds. Although transcript levels were clearly nonadditive, transcript levels in triploid hybrids were affected by genomic dosage. C1 Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Birchler, JA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, 117 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM birchler@missouri.edu NR 42 TC 122 Z9 136 U1 0 U2 12 PU GENETICS PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 USA SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD JAN PY 2005 VL 169 IS 1 BP 389 EP 397 DI 10.1534/genetics.104.032987 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 897XJ UT WOS:000227039900032 PM 15489529 ER PT J AU Cockett, NE Smit, MA Bidwell, CA Segers, K Hadfield, TL Snowder, GD Georges, M Charlier, C AF Cockett, NE Smit, MA Bidwell, CA Segers, K Hadfield, TL Snowder, GD Georges, M Charlier, C TI The callipyge mutation and other genes that affect muscle hypertrophy in sheep SO GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Major Genes and QTL in Sheep and Goats CY DEC 08-11, 2003 CL Toulouse, FRANCE DE sheep; muscle; hypertrophy; callipyge; mutation ID IMPRINTED GENES; PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION; POLAR OVERDOMINANCE; LAMB PRODUCTION; CHROMOSOME 12; LOCUS; GTL2; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; TRAITS AB Genetic strategies to improve the profitability of sheep operations have generally focused on traits for reproduction. However, natural mutations exist in sheep that affect muscle growth and development, and the exploitation of these mutations in breeding strategies has the potential to significantly improve lamb-meat quality. The best-documented mutation for muscle development in sheep is callipyge (CLPG), which causes a postnatal muscle hypertrophy that is localized to the pelvic limbs and loin. Enhanced skeletal muscle growth is also observed in animals with the Carwell (or rib-eye muscling) mutation, and a double-muscling phenotype has been documented for animals of the Texel sheep breed. However, the actual mutations responsible for these muscular hypertrophy phenotypes in sheep have yet to be identified, and further characterization of the genetic basis for these phenotypes will provide insight into the biological control of muscle growth and body composition. C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Anim Dairy & Vet Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Liege, Fac Vet Med, Dept Genet, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Cockett, NE (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Anim Dairy & Vet Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM noelle.cockett@usu.edu OI Charlier, Carole/0000-0002-9694-094X NR 66 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0999-193X J9 GENET SEL EVOL JI Genet. Sel. Evol. PY 2005 VL 37 SU 1 BP S65 EP S81 DI 10.1051/gse:2004032 PG 17 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 880ML UT WOS:000225793800008 PM 15601596 ER PT B AU Lazo, GR Lui, N You, FM Hummel, DD Chao, SM Anderson, OD AF Lazo, GR Lui, N You, FM Hummel, DD Chao, SM Anderson, OD BE Gustafson, JP Shoemaker, R Snape, JW TI Charting contig-component relationships within the Triticeae - Exploiting the genome SO Genome Exploitation: Data Mining the Genome SE STADLER GENETICS SYMPOSIA SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Stadler Genetics Symposium CY MAR 31-APR 02, 2003 CL Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO HO Univ Missouri ID SEQUENCES; DATABASE; EST C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Lazo, GR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009 OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 0-387-24123-X J9 STADLER GEN PY 2005 BP 109 EP 120 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BDN78 UT WOS:000234509000008 ER PT B AU Schlueter, JA Dixon, P Granger, C Shoemaker, RC AF Schlueter, JA Dixon, P Granger, C Shoemaker, RC BE Gustafson, JP Shoemaker, R Snape, JW TI Mining the EST databases to determine evolutionary events in the legumes and grasses SO GENOME EXPLOITATION: DATA MINING THE GENOME SE STADLER GENETICS SYMPOSIA SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Stadler Genetics Symposium CY MAR 31-APR 02, 2003 CL Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO HO Univ Missouri ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTION; GENOME ORGANIZATION; GENE DUPLICATION; DRAFT SEQUENCE; RICE; RATES; DIVERGENCE C1 Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, CICGR Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Schlueter, JA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, CICGR Unit, Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 0-387-24123-X J9 STADLER GEN PY 2005 BP 163 EP 181 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BDN78 UT WOS:000234509000012 ER PT J AU Litaor, MI Seastedt, TR Walker, MD Carbone, M Townsend, A AF Litaor, MI Seastedt, TR Walker, MD Carbone, M Townsend, A TI The biogeochemistry of phosphorus across an alpine topographic/snow gradient SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE available P; labile P; alpine ecosystem; topographic/snow gradient ID INTERANNUAL CLIMATE VARIATION; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; TUNDRA COMMUNITIES; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; FRONT RANGE; NIWOT RIDGE; LONG-TERM; NITROGEN; VEGETATION; COLORADO AB Phosphorus (P) availability has generally been assumed to be the limiting or co-limiting factor for plant growth in alpine environments. To test this assumption, the biogeochemistiy of phosphorus (P) along an alpine topographic/snow gradient located on Niwot Ridge, Colorado Front Range was studied in the context of P limitation for plant growth. We measured the various P pools using a selective extraction procedure, determined sorption parameters, and quantified P availability indices. The topographic/snow gradient at Niwot Ridge is divided by the aspect and slope position in relation to the dominant westerly winds into leeward-sloping, windward-sloping and generally level sites. Our study found that the snow-melting gradient along the alpine transect greatly affected the antecedent soil moisture, which in turn, controlled the spatial pattern of the major soil attributes such as texture, OC, weathering index, bulk density, non-labile and labile P pools and P availability. The level sites exhibited the highest concentration of organically bound P (1056 +/- 75 mg/kg), labile P (315 +/- 32 mg/kg), and P in soil solutions corrected for soil adsorption capacity (field condition, 4.9 +/- 4.1 mg/l and saturated paste, 8.0 +/- 7.5 mg/l). Results of correlation analysis between the various P pools and aboveground biomass of different plant groups suggests that a high level of available P provides a growing advantage to only certain alpine plants and is not a good indicator of the spatial distribution of total aboveground biomass. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Tal Hai Acad Coll, Dept Biotechnol & Environm Sci, IL-12210 Upper Galilee, Israel. Univ Colorado, EPOB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Forest Serv, USDA, Boreal Ecol Cooperat Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Litaor, MI (reprint author), Tal Hai Acad Coll, Dept Biotechnol & Environm Sci, IL-12210 Upper Galilee, Israel. EM litaori@telhai.ac.il RI Carbone, Mariah/H-7389-2012 OI Carbone, Mariah/0000-0002-7832-7009 NR 44 TC 16 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD JAN PY 2005 VL 124 IS 1-2 BP 49 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.04.001 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 885IS UT WOS:000226150900004 ER PT J AU Phillips, JD Marion, DA AF Phillips, JD Marion, DA TI Biomechanical effects, lithological variations, and local pedodiversity in some forest soils of Arkansas SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE pedodiversity; spatial variability; Ouachita Mountains; biomechanical effects; richness-area analysis ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; REDISTRIBUTION; PODZOLIZATION; LANDSCAPE; ENTROPY; MODEL; MICROTOPOGRAPHY; UNCERTAINTY; EVOLUTION; DIMENSION AB A high degree of soil variability over short distances and small areas is common, particularly in forest soils. This variability is sometimes, but not always, related to readily apparent variations in the environmental factors that control soil formation. This study examines the potential role of biomechanical effects of trees and of lithological variations within the parent material in explaining soil diversity in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas. The diversity of soils on Ouachita sideslopes is high, and the soil series vary primarily with respect to morphological properties such as soil thickness and rock fragment content. Soils vary considerably within small more-or-less homogeneous areas, and richness-area analysis shows that the overall pattern of pedodiversity is dominated by local, intrinsic (within-plot) variability as opposed to between-plot variability. This is consistent with variation controlled mainly by individual trees and local lithological variations. Given the criteria used to distinguish among soil types, biomechanical as opposed to chemical and hydrological effects of trees are indicated. Results also suggest divergent evolution whereby the pedologic effects of trees are large and long-lived relative to the magnitude of the initial effects and lifespan of the plants. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, Tobasso Rd Res Team, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. RP Phillips, JD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, Tobasso Rd Res Team, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM jdp@uky.edu; dmarion@fs.fed.us OI Marion, Daniel/0000-0002-5871-8969 NR 70 TC 49 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD JAN PY 2005 VL 124 IS 1-2 BP 73 EP 89 DI 10.1016/geoderma.2004.04.004 PG 17 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 885IS UT WOS:000226150900006 ER PT S AU Kestler, MA Berg, RL Haddock, JE AF Kestler, MA Berg, RL Haddock, JE GP TRB TI Can spring load restrictions on low-volume roads be shortened without increasing road damage? SO GEOLOGY AND PROPERTIES OF EARTH MATERIALS 2005 SE TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 84th Annual Meeting of the Transportation-Research-Board CY JAN 09-13, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP US Dept Transportat, US Fed Aviat Adm, US Fed Highway Adm, US Fed Motor Carrier Safety Adm, US Fed Railroad Adm, US Fed Transit Adm, US Natl Highway Traff Safety Adm, US Res & Innovat Technol Adm, NASA, USA Corps Engineers, US Coast Guard, US DOE, US EPA, Transportat Res Board, Transportat Dept 50 States, Puerto Rico & District Columbia AB Major highways are designed to withstand heavy vehicles and high volumes of traffic year round. However, low-volume roads in seasonal frost areas are highly susceptible to damage from trafficking by heavy vehicles during spring thaw. Conventional practice is to place partial or full spring load restrictions on low-volume roads during spring thaw. This practice reduces road damage significantly. However, companies whose livelihood depends on trucking can suffer major economic losses as they await the removal of load restrictions. Using reduced tire pressure constitutes a less conventional technique that can reduce springtime damage. Reducing tire pressure generally appears to be less effective than reducing load. Nevertheless, it does appear that the load restriction window can be shortened in duration by implementing a reduction in tire pressure for a few weeks, starting toward the latter part of the standard spring load restriction period. With a mechanistic pavement design and evaluation model for seasonal frost areas, a critical combination of load and tire pressure reduction was developed; it contributes to optimizing the balance between minimizing springtime road damage and minimizing disruption to local economies caused by load restrictions. This analysis constitutes the first step in the development of simplified, general application guidelines for shortening the springtime load restriction window for a variety of pavement structures. C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Laconia, NH 03246 USA. FROST Associates, W Lebanon, NH 03784 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Kestler, MA (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, 719 Main St, Laconia, NH 03246 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL PI WASHINGTON PA 500 FIFTH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001 USA SN 0361-1981 BN 0-309-09386-4 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC PY 2005 IS 1913 BP 126 EP 136 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BDU80 UT WOS:000235515900013 ER PT J AU Coulston, JW Riitters, KH AF Coulston, JW Riitters, KH TI Preserving biodiversity under current and future climates: a case study SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE coarse-filter; conservation; Douglas-fir communities; ecological envelope; factor analysis; global climate change; North America; Pseudotsuga menziesii ID TRANSFER SCHEME LSX; UNITED-STATES; BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; PROTECTED AREAS; MODEL GENESIS; RANGE; CONSERVATION; VEGETATION; FORESTS AB Aim The conservation of biological and genetic diversity is a major goal of reserve systems at local, regional, and national levels. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources suggests a 12% threshold (area basis) for adequate protection of biological and genetic diversity of a plant community. However, thresholds based on area may protect only a small portion of the total diversity if the locations are chosen without regard to the variation within the community. The objectives of this study were to demonstrate methods to apply a coarse-filter approach for identifying gaps in the current reserve system of the Psuedotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) forest type group based on current climatic conditions and a global climate change scenario. Location Western United States. Method We used an ecological envelope approach that was based on seven bioclimatic factors, two topographic factors, and two edaphic factors. Multivariate factor analysis was then used to reduce the envelope to two dimensions. The relative density of habitat and protected areas were identified in each part of the envelope based on the current climate and potential future climate. We used this information to identify gaps in the reserve system. Results Although the protected areas occurred in all parts of the envelope, most existed in colder and drier areas. This was true for both the current climate and potential future climate. Main conclusion To protect more of the ecological envelope, future conservation efforts would be most effective in western Oregon, north-western Washington, and north-western California. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry, USDA Forest Serv So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Coulston, JW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry, USDA Forest Serv So Res Stn, Box 12254, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jcoulston@fs.fed.us NR 37 TC 13 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7447 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 14 IS 1 BP 31 EP 38 PG 8 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 888SV UT WOS:000226395400003 ER PT J AU Lawrence, J Tolin, S Edwards, C Fleischer, S Jackson, DM Clarke-Harris, D McDonald, S Dalip, K Chung, P AF Lawrence, Janet Tolin, Sue Edwards, Clive Fleischer, Shelby Jackson, D. Michael Clarke-Harris, Dionne McDonald, Sharon Dalip, Kathy Chung, Philip BE Norton, GW Heinrichs, EA Luther, GC Irwin, ME TI Developing IPM Packages in the Caribbean SO GLOBALIZING INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: A PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH PROCESS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PEST C1 [Jackson, D. Michael] USDA, ARS, Washington, DC USA. [Tolin, Sue] Virginia Tech, Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci Dept, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Fleischer, Shelby] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Edwards, Clive] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-29016-3 PY 2005 BP 95 EP 119 DI 10.1002/9780470290163.ch6 D2 10.1002/9780470290163 PG 25 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA BYM21 UT WOS:000299333400007 ER PT B AU Follett, RF Schuman, GE AF Follett, RF Schuman, GE BE McGilloway, DA TI Grazing land contributions to carbon sequestration SO Grassland: A Global Resource LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Grassland Congress CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2005 CL Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin, IRELAND SP Irish Grassland Assoc, British Grassland Soc HO Univ Coll Dublin DE soil; rangeland; pasture; climate; policies ID SOIL CARBON; NITROGEN ACCUMULATION; C SEQUESTRATION; DEGRADED SOILS; PRAIRIE SOILS; MIXED-GRASS; MANAGEMENT; RANGELAND; PASTURE; ENVIRONMENT AB 1. Grazing management can be used to increase soil organic carbon sequestration. 2. Grazing land soils contain large amounts of carbon with depth, and can store it for centuries. 3. Policies to encourage terrestrial carbon sequestration through conservation and good management of grazing lands are critical for many countries and the world. C1 USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Follett, RF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res, 2150 Ctr Av,Bldg D,Ste 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 51 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 10 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 220, 6700 AE WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-769-9871-X PY 2005 BP 265 EP 277 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BDF80 UT WOS:000233301400020 ER PT J AU Doll, KM Erhan, SZ AF Doll, KM Erhan, SZ TI The improved synthesis of carbonated soybean oil using supercritical carbon dioxide at a reduced reaction time SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID VEGETABLE-OILS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SOLUBILITY; ACID; COPOLYMERIZATION; EPOXIDES; CO2; CYCLOADDITION; POLYURETHANES; EPOXIDATION AB We have demonstrated an improved synthesis of a cyclic carbonate of soybean oil (CSO) utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) as the solvent. Because the mutual solubility of supercritical CO2 and soybean oil is significantly higher than that of gaseous CO2 and soybean oil, our method synthesizes the material in similar to 1/3 of the reaction time reported in the literature. We have also demonstrated a catalyst removal method for our system based on the simple Hofmann elimination reaction, reducing the need for organic solvent extraction. CSO is a potential petroleum replacement, and may be useful in the synthesis of polymers based on bio-resources. C1 ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Doll, KM (reprint author), ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 50 TC 54 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 21 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2005 VL 7 IS 12 BP 849 EP 854 DI 10.1039/b511014a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 985FI UT WOS:000233361900009 ER PT J AU Summers, RW Elliott, DE Urban, JF Thompson, R Weinstock, JV AF Summers, RW Elliott, DE Urban, JF Thompson, R Weinstock, JV TI Trichuris suis therapy in Crohn's disease SO GUT LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL COLITIS; SCHISTOSOMA-MANSONI; CONTROLLED TRIAL; MICE; INFECTION; RESPONSES AB Background: Crohn's disease is common in highly industrialised Western countries where helminths are rare and uncommon in less developed areas of the world where most people carry worms. Helminths diminish immune responsiveness in naturally colonised humans and reduce inflammation in experimental colitis. Thus exposure to helminths may help prevent or even ameliorate Crohn's disease. Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the safety and possible efficacy of the intestinal helminth Trichuris suis in the treatment of patients with active Crohn's disease. Patients: Twenty nine patients with active Crohn's disease, defined by a Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) greater than or equal to 220 were enrolled in this open label study. Methods: All patients ingested 2500 live T suis ova every three weeks for 24 weeks, and disease activity was monitored by CDAI. Remission was defined as a decrease in CDAI to less than 150 while a response was defined as a decrease in CDAI of greater than 100. Results: At week 24, 23 patients (79.3%) responded (decrease in CDAI > 100 points or CDAI < 150) and 21/29 (72.4%) remitted (CDAI <150). Mean CDAI of responders decreased 177.1 points below baseline. Analysis at week 12 yielded similar results. There were no adverse events. Conclusions: This new therapy may offer a unique, safe, and efficacious alternative for Crohn's disease management. These findings also support the premise that natural exposure to helminths such as T suis affords protection from immunological diseases like Crohn's disease. C1 Univ Iowa, Roy J & Lucille A Carver Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, James A Clifton Ctr Digest Dis, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Agr Res Serv, Nutrient Requirements & Funct Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Summers, RW (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Roy J & Lucille A Carver Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, James A Clifton Ctr Digest Dis, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM robert-summers@uiowa.edu OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 NR 16 TC 406 Z9 428 U1 7 U2 44 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD JAN PY 2005 VL 54 IS 1 BP 87 EP 90 DI 10.1136/gut.2004.041749 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 878PS UT WOS:000225659500016 PM 15591509 ER PT J AU Zulaica-Villagomez, H Peterson, DM Herrin, L Young, RA AF Zulaica-Villagomez, H Peterson, DM Herrin, L Young, RA TI Antioxidant activity of different components of pine species SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE antioxidant activity; juvenile pine cones; phenolic content; pine cones; pine needles ID ANTITUMOR SUBSTANCES; PLANT-EXTRACTS; CONE EXTRACTS; WHITE-ROT; INHIBITION; PHENOLICS; EFFICACY; FUNGI; BARK AB The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of extracts from pine species were evaluated for various plant components, with emphasis on the seed cones. Seed cones from pine species were found to contain relatively high amounts of both total phenolics and antioxidant activity, and there appears to be some correlation of the two measurements. Juvenile cones contained by far the highest phenolic and antioxidant activity, but this high activity appears to be related to seeds retained in some of the samples, possibly due to the presence of proteins or additional antioxidants in the seeds. The phenolic content and antioxidant activity were also measured for other plant components and for a few other species for comparison. In general, the cones of red and jack pine exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared to black and southern pines. The general trend for both total phenolics and antioxidant activity was (highest to lowest): juvenile cones > needles > new cones > bark > old cones > wood. Obviously, cones could represent a viable source of antioxidants, especially compared to the wood of species that had comparatively low activity. Collection and extraction of pine cones for antioxidants would be a non-destructive method for procurement of this medicinal aid. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Young, RA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Ryoung@wisc.edu NR 25 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 14 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PY 2005 VL 59 IS 2 BP 156 EP 162 DI 10.1515/HF.2005.024 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 902VL UT WOS:000227384700009 ER PT J AU Lin, LZ Hse, CY AF Lin, LZ Hse, CY TI Liquefaction of CCA-treated wood and elimination of metals from the solvent by precipitation SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE chromated copper arsenate; detoxification; inductively coupled plasma; recycling; treated wood; wood liquefaction ID COPPER; LUMBER; TEMPERATURE; FLAKEBOARDS; PYROLYSIS AB Spent chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood was liquefied in polyethylene glycol 400/glycerin (2:1 w/w). Sulfuric acid (95-98%) and ferrous salts (FeSO4 center dot 7H(2)O or FeCl(2)center dot 4H(2)O) were used as catalysts and additives, respectively. The resulting liquefied CCA-treated wood was diluted with aqueous solvents and was then mixed with complexion/precipitation agents, followed by precipitation or filtration to remove the toxic metal-bearing sediment. As a result, more than 90% of Cu, Cr or As was removed. C1 Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Hse, CY (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM chse@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PY 2005 VL 59 IS 3 BP 285 EP 288 DI 10.1515/HF.2005.047 PG 4 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 922HX UT WOS:000228828800006 ER PT J AU Cramer, S Kretschmann, D Lakes, R Schmidt, T AF Cramer, S Kretschmann, D Lakes, R Schmidt, T TI Earlywood and latewood elastic properties in loblolly pine SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE earlywood; latewood; loblolly pine; modulus of elasticity; shear modulus; tree rings ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; TREE HEIGHT; 10 DECADES; WOOD; GROWTH; FIBERS; JUVENILITY; APPARATUS; RESPECT AB The elastic properties of earlywood and latewood and their variability were measured in 388 specimens from six loblolly pine trees in a commercial plantation. Properties measured included longitudinal modulus of elasticity, shear modulus, specific gravity, microfibril angle and presence of compression wood. Novel testing procedures were developed to measure properties from specimens of 1 mm x 1 mm x 30 mm from earlywood or latewood. The elastic properties varied substantially circumferentially around a given ring and this variation was nearly as large as the variation across rings. The elastic properties varied by ring and height, but while the modulus of elasticity increased with height, the shear modulus decreased with height. A strong correlation was found between modulus of elasticity and shear modulus, but only at low heights and inner rings. Specific gravity and microfibril angle were the strongest predictors of elastic properties and explained 75% of the variation in modulus of elasticity for latewood. Despite being the best predictors in this study, these parameters accounted for less than half of the variability of earlywood modulus of elasticity, earlywood shear modulus and latewood shear modulus. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USDA, FS Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI USA. RP Cramer, S (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM cramer@engr.wisc.edu NR 26 TC 32 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PY 2005 VL 59 IS 5 BP 531 EP 538 DI 10.1515/HF.2005.088 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 961ZQ UT WOS:000231701200010 ER PT J AU Takeda, F AF Takeda, F TI Introduction to the workshop SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA, ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Takeda, F (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JAN-MAR PY 2005 VL 15 IS 1 BP 68 EP 68 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 890ZF UT WOS:000226549800012 ER PT J AU Boman, BJ Zekri, M Stover, E AF Boman, BJ Zekri, M Stover, E TI Managing salinity in citrus SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE irrigation; management; fertilization ID SALT TOLERANCE; MINERAL-COMPOSITION; IRRIGATION WATER; ROOTSTOCKS; PLANTS; GROWTH; SELECTION; SINENSIS; CALLUS; SEEDLINGS AB Although citrus (Citrus spp.) is sensitive to salinity, acceptable production can be achieved with moderate salinity levels, depending on the climate, scion cultivar, rootstock, and irrigation-fertilizer management. Irrigation scheduling is a key factor in managing salinity in areas with salinity problems. Increasing irrigation frequency and applying water in excess of the crop water requirement are recommended to leach the salts and minimize the salt concentration in the root zone. Overhead sprinkler irrigation should be avoided when using water containing high levels of salts because salt residues can accumulate on the foliage and cause serious injury. Much of the leaf and trunk damage associated with direct foliar uptake of salts can be reduced by using microirrigation systems. Frequent fertilization using low rates is recommended through fertigation or broadcast application of dry fertilizers. Nutrient sources should have a relatively low salt index and not contain chloride (Cl) or sodium (Na). In areas where Na accumulates in soils, application of calcium (Ca) sources (e.g., gypsum) has been found to reduce the deleterious effect of Na and improve plant growth under saline conditions. Adapting plants to saline environments and increasing salt tolerance through breeding and genetic manipulation is another important method for managing salinity. C1 Univ Florida, IFAS, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. Univ Florida, IFAS, Hendry Country Extens Off, LaBelle, FL 33975 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Boman, BJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, IFAS, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, 2199 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM bjboman@ifas.ufl.edu NR 72 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JAN-MAR PY 2005 VL 15 IS 1 BP 108 EP 113 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 890ZF UT WOS:000226549800021 ER PT J AU Schimleck, LR Evans, R Jones, PD Daniels, RF Peter, GF Clark, A AF Schimleck, LR Evans, R Jones, PD Daniels, RF Peter, GF Clark, A TI Estimation of microfibril angle and stiffness by near infrared spectroscopy using sample sets having limited wood density variation SO IAWA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE near infrared spectroscopy; density; microfibril angle; stiffness; Pinus radiata; Pinus taeda ID PINUS-RADIATA; INCREMENT CORES AB Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy offers a rapid method for the estimation of microfibril angle (MFA) and SilviScan-estimated wood stiffness (E-L(SS)). The success of these NIR calibrations may be related to air-dry density, because density varies in wood simultaneously with MFA and stiffness. The importance of density variation was investigated by developing calibrations for MFA and EL(SS) using Pinus radiata D. Don (radiata pine) and Pinus taeda L. (loblolly pine) sample sets where the density range was small and the relationships between density and MFA and density and EL(SS) were poor. Excellent calibrations for MFA and EL(SS) were obtained, particularly when sets had densities greater than 500 kg/m(3), demonstrating that NIR spectroscopy can provide strong relationships for MFA and stiffness even when density variation is limited. Examination of loading plots from the MFA and EL(SS) calibrations indicates that variation in wood components such as cellulose, lignin and possibly hemicellulose is important. C1 Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. CSIRO Forestry & Forest Prod, Clayton S MDC, Vic 3169, Australia. Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL USA. USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Athens, GA USA. RP Schimleck, LR (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM lschimleck@smokey.forestry.uga.edu NR 20 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS PI LEIDEN PA RIJKSHERBARIUM, PO BOX 9514, 2300 LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-1541 J9 IAWA J JI IAWA J. PY 2005 VL 26 IS 2 BP 175 EP 187 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 934GU UT WOS:000229698100002 ER PT J AU Pesacreta, TC Groom, LH Rials, TG AF Pesacreta, TC Groom, LH Rials, TG TI Atomic force microscopy of the intervessel pit membrane in the stem of Sapium sebiferum (Euphorbiaceae) SO IAWA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic force microscopy; cellulose microfibril; Euphorbiaceae; pit membrane; Sapium; transpiration; vessel; wood structure; xylem ID ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS; CELLULOSE MICROFIBRILS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CELL-WALLS; WOOD; VISUALIZATION; SURFACES; DAPHNE; WATER; ALBA AB Sapwood and juvenile wood of Sapium sebiferun? (Euphorbiaceae) was collected during 2000-2002. In air-dried vessel elements, the surface of pit membranes (PMs) in the outermost growth ring was coated with plaque-like or interstitial material that was 2-5 nm thick. This coating was phase dark and overlaid a phase bright layer of globules and reticulately arranged microfibrils (MFs) that was 25-50 nm thick. Beneath the reticulate layer there was another surface exposed during sectioning/fracturing. It had parallel MFs which appeared to be continuous with the middle lamella, and were also coated. The total thickness of the dried PM appeared to be in the range of 50-100 nm. Overwintering and heartwood PMs were encrusted with a non-microfibrillar layer that differed from the above mentioned coating. Prior to chemical treatment, specific dried, untreated PMs were located and then the sample was dismounted, treated with acidic H2O2, and observed after treatment so that before and after images could be compared. Treatment with acidic H2O2 removed some of the coating and greatly modified the fibrillar nature of the surface layer, but did not reduce its overall thickness. The native structure of sapwood PMs was observed in water. Non-dried PMs displayed two layers, each with a different type of surface. The outer layer was non-microfibrillar and covered the entire surface of the PM. The non-microfibrillar layer was extremely sensitive to mechanical perturbation by the AFM tip, and had phase characteristics similar to the coating of dried PMs. The underlying layer was thick and microfibrillar. The MFs in non-dried PMs were, like the dried MFs, phase bright but they were much more loosely intermeshed compared with those seen in dried materials. The measurable thickness (which does not represent the total thickness) of non-dried PMs frequently ranged from 90-225 nm, although a few 500 nm vertical features were measured. C1 Univ Louisiana, Microscopy Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Pesacreta, TC (reprint author), Univ Louisiana, Microscopy Ctr, POB 42451, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. NR 36 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS PI LEIDEN PA RIJKSHERBARIUM, PO BOX 9514, 2300 LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-1541 J9 IAWA J JI IAWA J. PY 2005 VL 26 IS 4 BP 397 EP 426 PG 30 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 992CJ UT WOS:000233861700001 ER PT J AU Wunderle, JM Willig, MR Henriques, LMP AF Wunderle, JM Willig, MR Henriques, LMP TI Avian distribution in treefall gaps and understorey of terra firme forest in the lowland Amazon SO IBIS LA English DT Article ID BARRO-COLORADO-ISLAND; TROPICAL FOREST; BIRD COMMUNITIES; CANOPY BIRDS; RAIN-FOREST; ABUNDANCE; DISTURBANCE; DYNAMICS; FLOCKS; MISUSE AB We compared the bird distributions in the understorey of treefall gaps and sites with intact canopy in Amazonian terra firme forest in Brazil. We compiled 2216 mist-net captures (116 species) in 32 gap and 32 forest sites over 22.3 months. Gap habitats differed from forest habitats in having higher capture rates, total captures, species richness and diversity. Seventeen species showed a significantly different distribution of captures between the two habitats (13 higher in gap and four higher in forest). Gap habitats had higher capture rates for nectarivores, frugivores and insectivores. Among insectivores, capture rates for solitary insectivores and army ant followers did not differ between the two habitats. In contrast, capture rates were higher in gaps for members of mixed-species insectivore flocks and mixed-species insectivore-frugivore flocks. Insectivores, especially members of mixed-species flocks, were the predominant species in gap habitats, where frugivores and nectarivores were relatively uncommon. Although few canopy species were captured in gap or forest habitats, visitors from forest mid-storey constituted 42% of the gap specialist species (0% forest) and 46% of rare gap species (38% forest). Insectivore, and total, captures increased over time, but did so more rapidly in gap than in forest habitats, possibly as a response to gap succession. However, an influx of birds displaced by nearby timber harvest also may have caused these increases. Avian gap-use in Amazonian terra firme forests differs from gap-use elsewhere, partly because of differences in forest characteristics such as stature and soil fertility, indicating that the avian response to gaps is context dependent. C1 US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Sabana Field Res Stn, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ecol Program, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Tech Univ Museum, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, BR-66017970 Belem, Para, Brazil. RP Wunderle, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Sabana Field Res Stn, HC 02 Box 6205, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. EM Wunderle@coqui.net OI Henriques, Luiza/0000-0003-3653-3290 NR 63 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0019-1019 J9 IBIS JI Ibis PD JAN PY 2005 VL 147 IS 1 BP 109 EP 129 PG 21 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 889XT UT WOS:000226476900011 ER PT B AU Jackson, TJ Bindlish, R Cosh, M Gasiewski, A Stankov, B Klein, M Weber, B Zayorotny, V AF Jackson, TJ Bindlish, R Cosh, M Gasiewski, A Stankov, B Klein, M Weber, B Zayorotny, V GP IEEE TI Soil moisture experiments 2004 (SMEX04) polarimetric scanning radiometer, AMSR-E and heterogeneous landscapes SO IGARSS 2005: IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Vols 1-8, Proceedings SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2005) CY JUL 25-29, 2005 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, NASA, NOAA, USN Off Res, Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Natl Polar orbiting Operat Environm Satellite Syst, Ball Aerosp & Technologies Corp, Int Union Radio Sci, Elect & Telecommun Res Inst, Korea Sci & Engn Fdn, Korea Natl Tourism Org, Korea Telecommun AB An unresolved issue in global soil moisture retrieval using passive microwave sensors is the spatial integration of heterogeneous landscape features to the nominal 50 km footprint observed by most satellite systems. One of the objectives of the Soil Moisture Experiments 2004 (SMEX04) was to address some aspects of this problem, specifically variability introduced by topogaraphy and convective Precipitation. Other goals included understanding the role of the land surface in the North American Monsoon System. Data were collected during the month of August 2004 at three scales; ground based point measurements, aircraft passive microwave mapping, and satellite observations using AMSR-E and other sensors. SMEX04 was conducted over two regions: Arizona semi-arid climate with sparse Vegetation and moderate topography, and Sonora (Mexico) - moderate vegetation with strong topographic gradients. The Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR/CX) was flown on a Naval Research Lab P-3B aircraft as part of SMEX04 (11 dates of coverage over Arizona and 10 over Sonora). General meteorological conditions, the PSR/CX data sets and selected comparisons of this data to AMSR-E are presented. C1 USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jackson, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 104 Bldg ,007 BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. OI Cosh, Michael/0000-0003-4776-1918 NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-9050-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2005 BP 1114 EP 1117 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BEG75 UT WOS:000237237601111 ER PT B AU Crow, WT Chan, S Entekhabi, D Hsu, A Jackson, TJ Njoku, E O'Neill, P Shi, J AF Crow, WT Chan, S Entekhabi, D Hsu, A Jackson, TJ Njoku, E O'Neill, P Shi, J GP IEEE TI An observing system simulation experiment for hydros radiometer-only soil moisture and freeze-thaw products SO IGARSS 2005: IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Vols 1-8, Proceedings SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2005) CY JUL 25-29, 2005 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, NASA, NOAA, USN Off Res, Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Natl Polar orbiting Operat Environm Satellite Syst, Ball Aerosp & Technologies Corp, Int Union Radio Sci, Elect & Telecommun Res Inst, Korea Sci & Engn Fdn, Korea Natl Tourism Org, Korea Telecommun AB An important issue in the development of a dedicated space borne soil moisture sensor has been concern over the reliability of soil moisture retrievals in densely vegetated areas and the global extent over which retrievals will be possible. Errors in retrieved soil moisture can originate from a variety of sources within the measurement and retrieval process. In addition to instrument error, three key contributors to retrieval error are the masking of the soil microwave signal by vegetation, the interplay between nonlinear retrieval physics and the relatively poor spatial resolution of space borne sensors. and retrieval parameter uncertainty. Quantification of these errors requires the realistic specification of land surface soil moisture heterogeneity and spatial vegetation patterns. Since detailed soil moisture patterns are currently difficult to obtain from direct observations, an attractive alternative is the application of an observing system simulation experiment (OSSE) in which simulated land surface states are propagated through the sensor measurement and retrieval process to investigate and constrain expected levels of retrieval error. This manuscript describes results from an OSSE designed out to simulate the impact of land surface heterogeneity, instrument error, and retrieval parameter uncertainty on radiometer-only soil moisture products derived from the NASA ESSP Hydrosphere State (Hydros) mission. C1 USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Crow, WT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI O'Neill, Peggy/D-2904-2013 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-9050-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2005 BP 2737 EP 2740 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BEG75 UT WOS:000237237603131 ER PT J AU Kulpa-Eddy, JA Taylor, S Adams, KM AF Kulpa-Eddy, JA Taylor, S Adams, KM TI USDA perspective on environmental enrichment for animals SO ILAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE animal welfare; dog exercise; environmental enrichment; performance standards; primates; psychological well-being (PWB); social grouping; species-typical behavior (STB) ID SELF-INJURIOUS-BEHAVIOR; RHESUS MACAQUES; CAGE SIZES; DOGS; MONKEYS; CHIMPANZEES; PRIMATES; PROGRAM; CARE AB This article provides a brief historical background of the events and circumstances that led to the 1985 Animal Welfare Act (AWA) amendments. It describes the development of the regulations promulgated by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) in 1991 as a result of these amendments, the reasoning given for the proposals, and the revisions that were made during the process. Information is included on USDA implementation of the regulations regarding exercise for dogs and environmental enhancement for nonhuman primates. Also mentioned briefly are the requirements for socialization of marine mammals and space requirements for certain other regulated warm-blooded species. These requirements apply to animal dealers (breeders and brokers), exhibitors, commercial transporters, and research facilities. The standards for exercise and environmental enhancement were different from any others previously contained in the AWA regulations, and required more research and understanding of species-specific needs by the regulated community. Finally, this article describes some of the initiatives being undertaken by the research community and USDA-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services (APHIS)-Animal Care to provide the necessary education and guidance indicated by the violation history data. C1 USDA, APHIS Anim Care Headquarters, Riverdale, MD USA. USDA, APHIS Anim Care, Tampa, FL USA. USDA ARS, Natl Agr Lib, Anim Welf Informat Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Kulpa-Eddy, JA (reprint author), USDA, APHIS Anim Care Headquarters, Riverdale, MD USA. NR 53 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 15 PU INST LABORATORY ANIMAL RESEARCH, NATL RES COUNCIL PI WASHINGTON PA 500 FIFTH ST, N W, WASHINGTON, DC 20001 USA SN 1084-2020 J9 ILAR J JI ILAR J. PY 2005 VL 46 IS 2 BP 83 EP 94 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 901BW UT WOS:000227259000002 PM 15775018 ER PT J AU Clough, NEC Hauer, PJ AF Clough, NEC Hauer, PJ TI Using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies in regulatory testing of biological products SO ILAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE assay design; biologicals; monoclonal antibody; polyclonal antibody; vaccine potency; vaccine regulation AB Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies are often used in regulatory testing of biologicals (vaccines and related products). One of the most common applications for antibody-based immunoassays is as a batch release test. Batch release tests, whether they measure serological responses to vaccination or they quantify individual antigens by in vitro methods, must provide an acceptable estimate of potency of an individual batch of vaccine. Thus, due consideration must be given to the type of antibody used or quantified in such assays. Differences in specificity and avidity may affect the utility of an assay as an indicator of potency; case examples are given to illustrate these concepts. Concerns associated with antigen quantification assays (e.g., reagent denaturation upon binding to solid substrates, and interference from nontarget antigens or additives in a complex vaccine) are also discussed. International efforts to harmonize test methods in recent years have increased the importance of establishing standardized antibodies. Sources of such antibodies and issues associated with the ongoing availability of antibody supplies are described. C1 USDA, Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Clough, NEC (reprint author), USDA, Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST LABORATORY ANIMAL RESEARCH, NATL RES COUNCIL PI WASHINGTON PA 500 FIFTH ST, N W, WASHINGTON, DC 20001 USA SN 1084-2020 J9 ILAR J JI ILAR J. PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 BP 300 EP 306 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 931YN UT WOS:000229521500008 ER PT S AU Butte, NF AF Butte, NF BE Hornstra, G Uauy, R Yang, X TI Energy requirements during pregnancy and consequences, of deviations from requirement on fetal outcome SO IMPACT OF MATERNAL NUTRITION ON THE OFFSPRING SE NESTLE NUTRITION WORKSHOP SERIES PEDIATRIC PROGRAM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 55th Nestle Pediatric Nutrition Workshop CY APR, 2004 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA ID INFANT BIRTH-WEIGHT; HEALTHY SWEDISH WOMEN; LABELED WATER METHOD; BODY-MASS INDEX; FAT-FREE MASS; LONGITUDINAL ASSESSMENT; ENDURANCE EXERCISE; LACTATING WOMEN; GAMBIAN WOMEN; DUTCH WOMEN C1 USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. RP Butte, NF (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. NR 60 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0742-2806 BN 3-8055-7780-X J9 NESTLE NUTR WORKS SE PY 2005 VL 55 BP 49 EP 71 DI 10.1159/000082593 PG 23 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA BBR94 UT WOS:000227493800004 PM 16632928 ER PT J AU Goto, S Loeb, MJ Takeda, M AF Goto, S Loeb, MJ Takeda, M TI Bombyxin stimulates proliferation of cultured stem cells derived from Heliothis virescens and Mamestra brassicae larvae SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE bombyxin; insulin family peptides; cell proliferation; midgut; stem cells ID INSULIN-RELATED PEPTIDE; GROWTH-FACTOR; MANDUCA-SEXTA; IN-VITRO; PROTHORACICOTROPIC HORMONE; MIDGUT EPITHELIUM; DIFFERENTIATION; DROSOPHILA; BRAIN; MORI AB Bombyxin stimulated proliferation of cultured midgut stem cells that were derived from two noctuiid moth larvae, Heliothis virescens and Mamestra brassicae. Bombyxin exhibited the highest activity at 10(-12) M. The number of cells increased for 3 d after the addition of bombyxin. Although a single addition of bombyxin did not maintain proliferation, a second addition, made 3 d after the first treatment, retained the effect. Results suggest that the decline of effect after the first addition was not due to the loss of sensitivity of the cultured cells but to the loss of effect of the growth factor added. Addition of bombyxin at more than 10(-10) M was less effective. Bombyxin did not affect the number of cultured midgut cells without pupal fat body extract (FBX). The data suggest that FBX contains the factors that maintain sensitivity of midgut cells to proliferate in the presence of bombyxin. Bombyxin must be a unique growth factor that stimulates proliferation of midgut stem cells in vitro from lepidopteran larvae. C1 Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. USDA, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Goto, S (reprint author), Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. EM goto@kaeru.pc.uec.ac.jp NR 26 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 EI 1543-706X J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 41 IS 1-2 BP 38 EP 42 DI 10.1290/0312092.1 PG 5 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 933IP UT WOS:000229622400006 PM 15926858 ER PT J AU Chen, YP Gundersen-Rindal, DE Lynn, DE AF Chen, YP Gundersen-Rindal, DE Lynn, DE TI Baculovirus-based expression of an insect viral protein in 12 different insect cell lines SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE Glyptapanteles indiensis polydnavirus; baculovirus expression vector; bacmid; insect cell lines; recombinant protein ID POLYDNAVIRUS GENE-PRODUCT; MANDUCA-SEXTA LARVAE; CAMPOLETIS-SONORENSIS; COTESIA-CONGREGATA; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; CABBAGE-LOOPER; HOST; ESTABLISHMENT AB The ability of 12 unique lepidopteran insect cell lines from Anticarsia gemmatalis, Heliothis virescens, Lymantria dispar (two lines), Mamestra brassica, Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera frugiperda (two lines), and Trichoplusia ni (three lines) to support production of a recombinant polydnavirus (PDV) protein (GiPDV 1.1) expressed using the Bac-to-Bac (TM) baculovirus expression system was examined. Polydnavirus gene GiPDV 1.1 was cloned into the pFastBac baculovirus vector under the control of the polyhedron promoter, followed by generation of recombinant bacmid-GiPDV 1.1 by site-specific transposition. The ability of each insect cell line to support recombinant PDV gene expression was estimated using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Each insect cell line infected with recombinant bac-mid-GiPDV 1.1 and tested in this study was capable of supporting and producing recombinant protein. Time course expression analysis showed that 72-96 h after transfection to be the optimal time for harvest of recombinant protein for each insect cell line. C1 USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chen, YP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM chenj@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 EI 1543-706X J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 41 IS 1-2 BP 43 EP 49 DI 10.1290/0412081.1 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 933IP UT WOS:000229622400007 PM 15926859 ER PT J AU Kamo, K Jones, B Bolar, J Smith, F AF Kamo, K Jones, B Bolar, J Smith, F TI Regeneration from long-term embryogenic callus of the Rosa hybrida cultivar Kardinal SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT LA English DT Article DE abscisic acid; conversion; hybrid tea roses; regeneration ID SPRUCE SOMATIC EMBRYOS; PLANT-REGENERATION; ABSCISIC-ACID; L MONEYWAY; CULTURES; ORGANOGENESIS; GROWTH; TISSUE; TEA AB Media components used for three stages of development: (1) callus maintenance, (2) maturation of embryos, and (3) conversion of embryos to plants were shown to affect regeneration of plants for the commercially important red rose cultivar Kardinal. Embryogenic callus was maintained for 5 yr on either Schenk and Hildebrandt's basal salts medium (SH) supplemented with 13.6 muM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or Murashige and Skoog's basal salts medium (MS) supplemented with 18.1 muM dicamba and 0.46 muM kinetin. Maturation of embryos was three times higher using callus maintained on the SH medium supplemented with 2,4-D while conversion of cotyledonary-stage embryos to plants was significantly higher (10 times) using callus that had been maintained on MS medium with dicamba and kinetin. Maximum maturation (13.5%) and conversion (15.2%) occurred when callus was Cultured on MS maturation medium without hormones. Cotyledonary-stage embryos cultured on MS conversion medium supplemented with abscisic acid (5-20 muM) produced plants that survived at a significantly higher rate (two times) in the greenhouse than when embryos were cultured without abscisic acid. The highest rate of plant regeneration occurred when embryogenic callus of 'Kardinal' was maintained on MS medium supplemented with dicamba and kinetin. maturation of embryos occurred oil MS maturation medium without hormones, and conversion of cotyledonary-stage embryos occurred on MS conversion medium supplemented with abscisic acid. C1 USDA Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Sanford Sci Inc, Waterloo, NY 13165 USA. RP Kamo, K (reprint author), USDA Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, B-010A Room 122 BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kamok@ba.ars.usda.gov OI Kamo, Kathryn/0000-0001-6862-2410 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 10 PU C A B I PUBLISHING PI WALLINGFORD PA C/O PUBLISHING DIVISION, WALLINGFORD OX10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1054-5476 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant PD JAN-FEB PY 2005 VL 41 IS 1 BP 32 EP 36 DI 10.1079/IVP2004599 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 901UD UT WOS:000227306500007 ER PT S AU Veiseth, E Koohmaraie, A AF Veiseth, E Koohmaraie, A BE Hocquette, JF Gigli, S TI Beef tenderness: significance of the calpain proteolytic system SO INDICATORS OF MILK AND BEEF QUALITY SE EAAP EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR ANIMAL PRODUCTION PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 55th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-of-Animal-Production CY SEP 06, 2004 CL Bled, SLOVENIA SP European Assoc Anim Prod DE calpain; calpastatin; muscle; post-mortem; proteolysis ID MYOFIBRILLAR PROTEIN-TURNOVER; BETA-ADRENERGIC AGONIST; CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEASES; ACTIVATED NEUTRAL PROTEASE; PORCINE LONGISSIMUS MUSCLE; BOVINE SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MEAT TENDERNESS; POSTMORTEM TENDERIZATION; MU-CALPAIN; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION AB The purpose of this paper is to review the role of the calpain proteolytic system in beef tenderization during post-mortem cooler storage. Ultimate beef tenderness is dependent on three factors: the background toughness, the toughening phase, and the tenderization phase. However, the large variation in beef tenderness at the consumer level is mainly a result of variation in the tenderization phase. Proteolysis of key myofibrillar and myofibril-associated proteins leads to a weakening of the rigid structure of the myofibrils, and meat becomes more tender. Although several proteolytic systems have been suggested to play a role in post-mortem proteolysis in skeletal muscle, ample evidence shows that the calpain proteolytic system is responsible for this process. Moreover, mu-calpain activity regulated by the calpain-specific inhibitor calpastatin starts shortly after slaughter, and proceeds throughout the storage period. Towards the end of this paper, different in vitro and in vivo models used to study the calpain proteolytic system in post-mortem skeletal muscle are discussed. C1 USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Koohmaraie, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 119 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 8 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 220, 6700 AE WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0071-2477 BN 90-76998-48-5 J9 EAAP PUBLIC PY 2005 IS 112 BP 111 EP 126 PG 16 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA BBT35 UT WOS:000227685900008 ER PT J AU Adhvaryu, A Liu, Z Erhan, SZ AF Adhvaryu, A Liu, Z Erhan, SZ TI Synthesis of novel alkoxylated triacylglycerols and their lubricant base oil properties SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE vegetable oils; epoxidized soybean oil; dihydroxylation; alkoxylated triacylglycerol; oxidation; pour point AB Development and application of bio-based fluids in industrial and automotive sectors are rapidly increasing due to their non-toxic and biodegradable character unlike mineral oil-based products. Synthetic lubricant base fluid with improved high and low-temperature stability was prepared by chemical modification of epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO). The reaction was carried out in two-steps: (i) synthesis of dihydroxylated soybean oil from ESBO with HClO4, (ii) reaction of acetic, butyric and hexanoic anhydride with the dihydroxylated product. The composition of the reaction products were confirmed by NMR and FTIR analysis. Chain length variation of the anhydrides used in the synthesis resulted in base fluids with different physical and chemical properties. Low-temperature stability was excellent for hexanoic anhydride derivative. When compared with SBO, thermal and oxidative stabilities were improved. Viscosity, volatility and other lubricant base oil properties were evaluated qualitatively. Bio-fluids based on this chemical modification offer great potential for the development of industrial fluids and products based on such fluids. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, NCAUR, Food & Ind Oil Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Erhan, SZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCAUR, Food & Ind Oil Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM erhansz@ncaur.usda.gov NR 12 TC 64 Z9 69 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 1 BP 113 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.02.001 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 886LL UT WOS:000226228700013 ER PT J AU Pohlenz, JF Winter, KR Dean-Nystrom, EA AF Pohlenz, JF Winter, KR Dean-Nystrom, EA TI Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli-inoculated neonatal piglets develop kidney lesions that are comparable to those in humans with hemolytic-uremic syndrome SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TOXIN TYPE 2D; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; SUCKLING PIGLETS; O157-H7; INFECTION; DISEASE; VARIANT; MODEL; PATHOGENICITY; ELASTASE AB Kidney lesions similar to those in humans with hemolytic-uremic syndrome were observed histologically in 82 of 122 piglets inoculated intragastrically with Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli but not in 29 controls. The locations of lesions matched locations where Stx-2 binding and Gb3 (globotriasylceramide receptors for Stx) were identified immunohistochemically. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, PreHarvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA USA. RP Dean-Nystrom, EA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, PreHarvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM enystrom@nadc.ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 73 IS 1 BP 612 EP 616 DI 10.1128/IAI.73.1.612-616.2005 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 883TD UT WOS:000226037700066 PM 15618202 ER PT J AU Zhu, YC Liu, X Maddur, AA Oppert, B Chen, MS AF Zhu, YC Liu, X Maddur, AA Oppert, B Chen, MS TI Cloning and characterization of chymotrypsin- and trypsin-like cDNAs from the gut of the Hessian fly [Mayetiola destructor (say)] SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hessian fly; Mayetiola destructor; wheat; serine protease; gut proteinases ID CECIDOMYIIDAE POPULATIONS; PROTEINASE-INHIBITORS; RESISTANCE GENES; SALIVARY-GLANDS; MIDGUT TRYPSIN; UNITED-STATES; DIPTERA; WHEAT; LARVAE; SEQUENCE AB Fifteen unique cDNA clones encoding trypsin- or chymotrypsin-like proteins were cloned and characterized from a gut cDNA library derived from Hessian fly [Mayetiola destructor (Say)] larvae. Based on sequence similarities, the cDNAs were sorted into five gene groups, which were named MDP1 to MDP5. Two of the gene groups, MDP1 and MDP2, encoded chymotrypsin-like proteins; the other three encoded putative trypsins. All deduced proteins have conserved His(87), Asp(136), and Ser (241) residues for the catalytic triad and three pairs of cysteine residues for disulfide bridge Configurations. The substrate specificity determination residue at position 235 was also conserved in the putative trypsins and chymotrypsins. In addition, all the deduced protein precursors had a typical secretion signal peptide and activation peptide. Northern blot analysis revealed that all these gene groups were exclusively expressed in the larval stage. The expression profiles for each gene group differed significantly in different ages of the larva, as well as in different tissues. Protease activity analysis of gut extract, using specific inhibitors, demonstrated that serine proteases were the major digestive enzymes in the gut of M. destructor larvae. Serine protease inhibitors inhibited as much as 90% proteolytic activities of gut extract, whereas inhibitors specific to other proteases, including cysteine proteases, aspartic proteases, and metallo-proteases, inhibited only 10-24% of gut protease activity. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. USDA ARS, JWDSRC, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. USDA ARS, Biol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Chen, MS (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, USDA ARS, 123 Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM rnchen@oznet.ksu.edu NR 47 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 35 IS 1 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2004.09.006 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 888VQ UT WOS:000226402700003 PM 15607652 ER PT J AU Li, X Harrell, RA Handler, AM Beam, T Hennessy, K Fraser, MJ AF Li, X Harrell, RA Handler, AM Beam, T Hennessy, K Fraser, MJ TI piggyBac internal sequences are necessary for efficient transformation of target genomes SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE piggyBac; transposon; transformation ID GERM-LINE TRANSFORMATION; YELLOW-FEVER MOSQUITO; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT; AEDES-AEGYPTI; PRECISE EXCISION; DNA-BINDING; FRUIT-FLY; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; GENETIC-TRANSFORMATION; SUBTERMINAL SEQUENCES AB A previously reported piggyBac minimal sequence cartridge, which is capable of efficient transposition in embryo interplasmid transposition assays, failed to produce transformants at a significant frequency in Drosophila melanogaster compared with full-length or less extensive internal deletion constructs. We have re-examined the importance of these internal domain (ID) sequences for germline transformation using a PCR strategy that effectively adds increasing lengths of ID sequences to each terminus. A series of these piggyBac ID synthetic deletion plasmids containing the 3xP3-ECFP marker gene are compared for germline transformation of D. melanogaster. Our analyses identify a minimal sequence configuration that is sufficient for movement of piggyBac vectored sequences from plasmids into the insect genome. Southern hybridizations confirm the presence of the piggyBac transposon sequences, and insertion site analyses confirm these integrations target TTAA sites. The results verify that ID sequences adjacent to the 5' and 3' terminal repeat domains are crucial for effective germline transformation with piggyBac even though they are not required for excision or interplasmid transposition. Using this information we reconstructed an inverted repeat cartridge, ITR1.1k, and a minimal piggyBac transposon vector, pXL-BacII-ECFP, each of which contains these identified ID sequences in addition to the terminal repeat configuration previously described as essential for mobility. We confirm in independent experiments that these new minimal constructs yield transformation frequencies similar to the control piggyBac vector. Sequencing analyses of our constructs verify the position and the source of a point mutation within the 3' internal repeat sequence of our vectors that has no apparent effect on transformation efficiency. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Ctr Trop Dis Res & Training, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. Univ Saint Francis, Dept Biol Sci, Ft Wayne, IN USA. RP Fraser, MJ (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM Malcolm.J.Fraser.1@nd.edu RI Fraser, Malcolm/C-9100-2009 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI48561] NR 58 TC 69 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 14 IS 1 BP 17 EP 30 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2004.00525.x PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 890LM UT WOS:000226512700003 PM 15663772 ER PT J AU Pietrantonio, PV Jagge, C Taneja-Bageshwar, S Nachman, RJ Barhoumi, R AF Pietrantonio, PV Jagge, C Taneja-Bageshwar, S Nachman, RJ Barhoumi, R TI The mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.) leucokinin receptor is a multiligand receptor for the three Aedes kinins SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE insect GPCR (G protein-coupled receptor) (myo)kinin receptor; insect diuresis; leucokinin(s); insect excretion ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS ACARI; SOUTHERN CATTLE TICK; INSECT MALPIGHIAN TUBULES; PUTATIVE DIURETIC FACTORS; YELLOW-FEVER MOSQUITO; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; FLUID SECRETION; STELLATE CELLS AB A cDNA cloned from Aedes aegypti (L.) (Aedae) female Malpighian tubule (AY596453) encodes a 584 amino acid residue protein (65.2 kDa) predicted as a G protein-coupled receptor and orthologue of the drosokinin receptor from Drosophila melanogaster and highly similar to the tick Boophilus microplus myokinin receptor (AF228521). Based on the similarity to this Aedes sequence, we also propose a correction for the Anopheles gambiae protein sequence EAA05450. When expressed in CHO-K1 cells, the Aedes receptor behaved as a multiligand receptor and functionally responded to concentrations greater than or equal to1 nM of Aedae kinins 1-3, respectively, as determined by a calcium bioluminescence plate assay and single cell intracellular calcium measurements by confocal fluorescence cytometry. Estimates of EC50 values by the plate assay were 16.04 nM for Aedae-K-3, 26.6 nM for Aedae-K-2 and 48.8 nM for Aedae-K-1 and were statistically significantly different. These results suggest that the observed differences in physiological responses to the three Aedes kinins in the Aedes isolated Malpighian tubule reported elsewhere could now be explained by differences in intracellular signalling events triggered by the different peptides on the same receptor and not necessarily due to the existence of various receptors for the three Aedes kinins. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Anat & Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. RP Pietrantonio, PV (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, 2475 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM p-pietrantonio@tamu.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [5 R01 AI 46447] NR 43 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1075 EI 1365-2583 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 14 IS 1 BP 55 EP 67 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2004.00531.x PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 890LM UT WOS:000226512700006 PM 15663775 ER PT J AU Abreu, AG Prado, PI Norrbom, AL Solferini, VN AF Abreu, AG Prado, PI Norrbom, AL Solferini, VN TI Genetic and morphological diagnosis and description of two cryptic species of flower head-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera) SO INSECT SYSTEMATICS & EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMATICS; PHYLOGENY; DISTANCE; BRAZIL AB Adults of a new taxon of Tomoplagia associated with the Asteraceae subtribe Lychnophorinae displayed body color variation. Allozyme electrophoresis was used to determine whether the dark and light morphs were cryptic species. Four loci clearly differentiated the light and dark morphs. The genetic identities and diversity (H-e) supported the hypothesis of cryptic species. A detailed morphological analysis also revealed consistent differences in the male and female terminalia of the two morphs. Based on these findings, we describe the dark morph as Tomoplagia reticulata sp. nov., and the light one as T pallens sp. nov. C1 Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Inst Biol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Estadual Campinas, Lab Interacoes Insetos Plantas, Inst Biol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Abreu, AG (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Inst Biol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM aluana@unicamp.br; anorrbom@sel.barc.usda.gov RI Solferini, Vera/E-9121-2012; Prado, Paulo/G-3353-2012; Abreu, Aluana/L-7772-2013 OI Solferini, Vera/0000-0001-6582-1449; Abreu, Aluana/0000-0003-2765-3741 NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU APOLLO BOOKS PI STENSTRUP PA KIRKEBY SAND, 19, DK-5771 STENSTRUP, DENMARK SN 1399-560X J9 INSECT SYST EVOL JI Insect Syst. Evol. PY 2005 VL 36 IS 4 BP 361 EP 370 DI 10.1163/187631205788838528 PG 10 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA 999EC UT WOS:000234370600001 ER PT J AU Porter, SD AF Porter, SD TI A simple design for a rain-resistant pitfall trap SO INSECTES SOCIAUX LA English DT Article DE pitfall trap; collecting techniques; Formicidae AB Heavy rain causes major problems with using pitfall traps to collect ants and other surface-active arthropods. A simple design for a rain-resistant pitfall trap is described. The trap is constructed by grinding a hole in the side of a plastic vial and then covering it with fine-gage wire screen. This hole allows excess water to drain out the side of the trap. A method for quickly setting small-diameter pitfalls into the ground with an auger and a battery-powered drill is also described. C1 ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Porter, SD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, POB 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. EM sdp@nersp.nerdc.ufl.edu NR 9 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1812 J9 INSECT SOC JI Insect. Soc. PY 2005 VL 52 IS 2 BP 201 EP 203 DI 10.1007/s00040-004-0783-8 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 933NT UT WOS:000229640900014 ER PT J AU Bentley, WR Guldin, RW AF Bentley, William R. Guldin, Richard W. BE Kant, S Berry, RA TI SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT: CIRIACY-WANTRUP'S DEFINITION OF CONSERVATION IN TODAY'S FOREST RESOURCE CONTEXT SO INSTITUTIONS, SUSTAINABILITY, AND NATURAL RESOURCES: INSTITUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT SE Sustainability Economics and Natural Resources LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ECONOMICS AB Economic theory has limitations when guiding normative decisions over long periods of time, but empirical estimates suggest that forest owners regularly make decisions based on short-term assessments that lead to long-term sustainability. Ciriacy-Wantrup's 1952 definition of conservation shifting resource use toward the future - is an interesting rule that leads from the short-term to the long-term. This rule is applied in a case study of America's Forest Inventory and Analysis program using the Montreal Process criteria and indicators. The results provide a basis for discussing how to deal with ambiguity in our understanding of the future and guiding policy analysis. C1 [Bentley, William R.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Guldin, Richard W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Bentley, WR (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM billbentley@cox.net; rguldin@fs.fed.us NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-3519-7 J9 SUSTAIN ECON NAT RES PY 2005 VL 2 BP 297 EP 309 D2 10.1007/1-4020-3519-5 PG 13 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BLJ16 UT WOS:000270295400013 ER PT S AU Lowe, WH Nislow, KH Likens, GE AF Lowe, WH Nislow, KH Likens, GE BE Jones, J TI Forest structure and stream salamander diets: Implications for terrestrial-aquatic connectivity SO International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology, Vol 29, Pt 1, Proceedings SE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY - PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Congress of the International-Association-of-Theoretical-and-Applied-Limnology CY AUG 08-14, 2004 CL Lahti, FINLAND SP Int Assoc Theoret & Appl Limnol ID FOOD WEBS; SECONDARY SUCCESSION; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; BEHAVIOR; INPUTS; PREY; ABUNDANCE; NITROGEN; TROUT; INVERTEBRATES C1 Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. US Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, UMASS, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Lowe, WH (reprint author), Inst Ecosyst Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU E SCHWEIZERBART'SCHE VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG PI STUTTGART PA JOHANNESTRASSE 3, W-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0368-0770 BN 3-510-54065-4 J9 INT VER THEOR ANGEW PY 2005 VL 29 BP 279 EP 286 PN 1 PG 8 WC Limnology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BCQ26 UT WOS:000230666900044 ER PT J AU Coates, BS Sumerford, DV Hellmich, RL Lewis, LC AF Coates, Brad S. Sumerford, Douglas V. Hellmich, Richard L. Lewis, Leslie C. TI Partial mitochondrial genome sequences of Ostrinia nubilalis and Ostrinia furnicalis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Ostrinia nubilalis; Ostrinia furnicalis; mitochondrial variation AB Contiguous 14,535 and 14,536 nt near complete mitochondrial genome sequences respectively were obtained for Ostrinia nubilalis and Ostrinia furnicalis. Mitochondrial gene order was identical to that observed from Bombyx. Sequences comparatively showed 186 substitutions (1.3% sequence divergence), 170 CDS substitutions (131 at 3rd codon positions), and an excess of transition mutation likely resulting by purifying selection (dN/dS = omega congruent to 0.15). Overall substitution rates were significantly higher at 4-fold (5.2%) compared to 2-fold degenerate codons (2.6%). These are the 3rd and 4th lepidopteran mitochondrial genome reference sequences in GenBank and useful for comparative mitochondrial studies. C1 [Coates, Brad S.; Sumerford, Douglas V.; Hellmich, Richard L.; Lewis, Leslie C.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Sumerford, Douglas V.] Iowa State Univ, Interdepartmental Genet Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Coates, BS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res, 113 Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 41 TC 80 Z9 98 U1 2 U2 8 PU IVYSPRING INT PUBL PI LAKE HAVEN PA PO BOX 4546, LAKE HAVEN, NSW 2263, AUSTRALIA SN 1449-2288 J9 INT J BIOL SCI JI Int. J. Biol. Sci. PY 2005 VL 1 IS 1 BP 13 EP 18 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA V39GC UT WOS:000209398500002 PM 15951845 ER PT J AU Srikiatden, J Roberts, JS AF Srikiatden, J Roberts, JS TI Moisture loss kinetics of apple during convective hot air and isothermal drying SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE drying; isothermal; diffusion; evaporation; apple ID MODEL; DEHYDRATION; DIFFUSION; SHRINKAGE; POROSITY; FOODS; TEMPERATURES; PRODUCTS; HEAT AB Effective moisture diffusivity of cylindrical apple samples (0.7 and 1.4 cm diameter) was determined under convective hot air drying (40, 50, 60, and 70 degrees C and 1.5 and 3 m/s air velocity). The effective moisture diffusivities obtained were in the range of reported values and were found to be temperature dependent according to the Arrhenius relationship. However, the prediction of moisture loss obtained from Fick's diffusion model failed to follow experimental drying curves. Temperature profiles during convective hot air drying showed temperature gradients. This lack of isothermal conditions may lead to inaccurate predictions of moisture loss. Therefore, a combined microwave-convective hot air apparatus, capable of providing isothermal drying conditions, was used to quantify the drying kinetics. Differences in effective diffusivities determined from convective (9.6-18.5 x 10(-10) m(2)/s) and isothermal (20.3-37.6 x 10(-10) m(2)/s) drying experiments were shown. Using effective diffusivities obtained under isothermal conditions, the Fickian model still did not predict moisture loss during isothermal drying. Due to the developing porous structure of apple during drying, it was hypothesized that drying of a hygroscopic porous material is limited by evaporation of water to water vapor. Therefore, an irreversible first-order kinetic model was proposed to predict isothermal drying of apple. Using the rate constant calculated from the slope of the normalized drying curves (0.08-0.17 min(-1)), the model predicted accurate moisture loss at each temperature throughout the entire moisture range of 0.06-8.5 g/g dry solid. C1 ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Roberts, JS (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jsr@pw.usda.gov NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PY 2005 VL 8 IS 3 BP 493 EP 512 DI 10.1080/10942910500267737 PG 20 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 997KZ UT WOS:000234245500008 ER PT J AU Erkan, M Pekmezci, M Wang, CY AF Erkan, M Pekmezci, M Wang, CY TI Hot water and curing treatments reduce chilling injury and maintain post-harvest quality of 'Valencia' oranges SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Citrus sinensis; decay; heat treatment; storage; temperature ID HEAT-TREATMENT; TOMATO FRUIT; CITRUS-FRUIT; STORAGE; DECAY; TEMPERATURE; GRAPEFRUIT; DIPS; ACCUMULATION; TOLERANCE AB 'Valencia' oranges [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] were harvested at optimal maturity and either dipped in hot water at 53 degreesC for 3 or 6 min or at 48 degreesC for 12 min or cured at 53 degreesC for 1 or 6 h or at 48 degreesC for 12 h. The fruits were not degreened, waxed or treated with any post-harvest fungicides. All fruit samples were stored at 4 degreesC for 6 months following the treatments. Both hot water dip and curing treatments reduced chilling injury and decay when compared with the untreated control. The most effective treatments were curing of fruit at 53 degreesC for 6 h and at 48 degreesC for 12 h. Weight loss and juice yield were higher in cured fruits than those from other treatments, but the heat treatments had no consistent effects on titratable acid, soluble solids, ascorbic acid and peel colour. It was concluded that a pre-storage hot water dip and curing at high temperatures might be beneficial in preventing chilling injury and decay of 'Valencia' oranges for 6 months of storage at 4 degreesC. C1 ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Akdeniz Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, Antalya, Turkey. RP Wang, CY (reprint author), ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM wangc@ba.ars.usda.gov RI Erkan, Mustafa/C-1694-2016 NR 29 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-5423 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 40 IS 1 BP 91 EP 96 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.00912.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 888TK UT WOS:000226396900010 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Angle, JS Delorme, T Chaney, RL AF Zhang, L Angle, JS Delorme, T Chaney, RL TI Degradation of Alyssum murale biomass in soil SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Article DE hyperaccumulator biomass; extractable nickel; elemental allelopathy; Alyssum murale ID SEBERTIA-ACUMINATA; NEW-CALEDONIA; NICKEL; PLANTS; HYPERACCUMULATOR; ACCUMULATOR; SPECIATION AB The Ni-hyperaccumulating plant Alyssurn murale accumulates exceptionally high concentrations of nickel in its aboveground biomass. The reasons for hyperaccumulation remain unproven; however, it has been proposed that elemental allelopathy might be important. High-Ni leaves shed by the plant may create a "toxic zone" around the plant where germination or growth of competing plants is inhibited. The efficacy of this argument will partially depend upon the rate at which leaves degrade in soil and free metals are released, and the subsequent rate at which metals are bound to soil constituents. To test the degradation of biomass of hyperaccumulators, A. murale was grown on both high- and low-Ni soils to achieve high(12.0 g Ni/kg) and low- (0.445 g Ni/kg) Ni biomass. Shredded leaf and stem biomass were added to a serpentine soil from Oregon that was originally used to grow high-Ni biomass and a low-Ni control soil from Maryland. Biomass Ni was readily soluble and extractable, suggesting near immediate release as biomass was added to soil. Extractable nickel in soil amended with biomass declined rapidly over time due to Ni binding in soil. These results suggest that Ni released from biomass of Ni hyperaccumulators may significantly affect their immediate niche only for short periods of time soon after leaf fall, but repeated application may create high Ni levels under and around hyperaccumulators. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Nat Resource Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USDA ARS, Anim Byprod Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Angle, JS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nat Resource Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ja35@umail.umd.edu NR 30 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU CRC PRESS LLC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 USA SN 1522-6514 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PY 2005 VL 7 IS 3 BP 169 EP 176 DI 10.1080/16226510500214475 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 975RQ UT WOS:000232680000001 PM 16285409 ER PT J AU Zalesny, RS Bauer, EO Hall, RB Zalesny, JA Kunzman, J Rog, CJ Riemenschneider, DE AF Zalesny, RS Bauer, EO Hall, RB Zalesny, JA Kunzman, J Rog, CJ Riemenschneider, DE TI Clonal variation in survival and growth of hybrid poplar and willow in an in situ trial on soils heavily contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Article DE phytoremediation; plant-enhanced bioremediation; phreatophytes; Populus; Salix; oil ID ROTATION INTENSIVE CULTURE; SALIX; PHYTOREMEDIATION; NITROGEN; RHIZOSPHERE; SLUDGE; WASTE; TREES; PHYTOEXTRACTION; BIODEGRADATION AB Species and hybrids between species belonging to the genera Populus (poplar) and Salix (willow) have been used successfully for phytoremediation of contaminated soils. our objectives were to: 1) evaluate the potential for establishing genotypes of poplar and willow on soils heavily contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and 2) identify promising genotypes for potential use in future systems. We evaluated height, diameter, and volume after first year budset by testing 20 poplar clones and two willow clones. Unrooted cuttings, 20 cm long, were planted in randomized complete blocks at 0.91- x 0.91-m spacing at Gary, IN, USA (41.5 degrees N, 87.3 degrees W). Four commercial poplar clones (NM6, DN5, DN34, and DN182) were planted as 20- and 60-cm cuttings. Sixty-cm cuttings exhibited greater height and diameter than 20-cm cuttings; however, we recommend continued use and testing of different combinations of genotype and cutting length. We identified promising genotypes for potential use in future systems and we recommend allocating the majority of resources into commercial poplar clones, given their generalist growth performance. However, further utilization and selection of experimental clones is needed. Specific clones rather than genomic groups should be selected based on the geographic location and soil conditions of the site. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA USA. Sand Creek Consultants Inc, Rhinelander, WI USA. RP Zalesny, RS (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. EM rzalesny@fs.fed.us NR 86 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-6514 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PY 2005 VL 7 IS 3 BP 177 EP 197 DI 10.1080/16226510500214632 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 975RQ UT WOS:000232680000002 PM 16285410 ER PT J AU Meyer, SE Nelson, DL Clement, S Waters, J Stevens, M Fairbanks, D AF Meyer, SE Nelson, DL Clement, S Waters, J Stevens, M Fairbanks, D TI Genetic variation in Ustilago bullata: Molecular genetic markers and virulence on Bromus tectorum host lines SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE AFLP; cheatgrass; downy brome; haplolethal; head smut; pathogenicity; resistance ID SEED-GERMINATION REGULATION; PLANT-PATHOGEN SYSTEM; ECOLOGICAL GENETICS; MICROBOTRYUM-VIOLACEUM; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; SMUT; POACEAE; HETEROZYGOSITY; RESISTANCE; GRASSES AB The pathogen Ustilago bullata often causes epidemic levels of head smut disease in Intermountain populations of the inbreeding annual grass Bromus tectorum. We examined patterns of genetic variation for virulence and for amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers in four U. bullata populations on B. tectorum in northern Utah and southern Nevada. Patterns of disease incidence generally supported a gene-for-gene model for virulence and resistance in this pathosystem. Most host lines were susceptible to most or all paired isolates included in cross-inoculation tests, but we found evidence for the existence of four avirulence genes. Host lines with alleles conferring resistance were usually resistant to races not found in co-occurring pathogen populations. The exception was the population at Potosi Pass, Nevada, where the prevalent host line possessed an allele conferring resistance to one of two co-occurring races. The two pathogen races at Potosi Pass were also strongly genetically differentiated in terms of their AFLP genotypes, whereas for the other three populations, there was no relationship between virulence phenotype and AFLP genotype. There was little evidence for high levels of inbreeding in the northern pathogen populations, which showed no clear groupings of isolates within or among populations. The correlation of the virulence phenotype with the AFLP genotype at Potosi Pass was associated with the presence of a mating locus - linked haplolethal trait in the race pathogenic on the prevalent host line. The presence of this trait is coincident with a high level of intratetrad selfing in this race, thus isolating it from the co-occurring race and leading to fixation of most AFLP markers. The Potosi Pass population was also clearly differentiated from the northern populations, which were genetically similar to each other, a pattern also seen in the co-occurring host populations, providing evidence for the idea of pathogen dispersal through seedborne inoculum. C1 Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Meyer, SE (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, 735 North 500 East, Provo, UT 84606 USA. EM smeyer@fs.fed.us NR 39 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-5893 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 166 IS 1 BP 105 EP 115 DI 10.1086/425663 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 904UM UT WOS:000227523200011 ER PT J AU Roads, J Fujioka, F Chen, S Burgan, R AF Roads, J Fujioka, F Chen, S Burgan, R TI Seasonal fire danger forecasts for the USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/2nd Internationa Wildland Fire Ecology and Fire Management Congress CY NOV 16-20, 2003 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Meteorol Soc ID REGIONAL SPECTRAL MODEL; UNITED-STATES; REANALYSIS; CLIMATE AB The Scripps Experimental Climate Prediction Center has been making experimental, near-real-time, weekly to seasonal fire danger forecasts for the past 5 years. US fire danger forecasts and validations are based on standard indices from the National Fire Danger Rating System ( NFDRS), which include the ignition component (IC), energy release component ( ER), burning index ( BI), spread component ( SC), and the Keetch - Byram drought index ( KB). The Fosberg fire weather index, which is a simplified form of the BI, has been previously used not only for the USA but also for other global regions and is thus included for comparison. As will be shown, all of these indices can be predicted well at weekly times scales and there is even skill out to seasonal time scales over many USWest locations. The most persistent indices ( BI and ER) tend to have the greatest seasonal forecast skill. The NFDRS indices also have a weak relation to observed fire characteristics such as fire counts and acres burned, especially when the validation fire danger indices are used. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Expt Climate Predict Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Riverside Fire Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Roads, J (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Expt Climate Predict Ctr, 0224, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM jroads@ucsd.edu NR 33 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 1 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1071/WF03052 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 903UV UT WOS:000227452000002 ER PT J AU Linn, R Winterkamp, J Colman, JJ Edminster, C Bailey, JD AF Linn, R Winterkamp, J Colman, JJ Edminster, C Bailey, JD TI Modeling interactions between fire and atmosphere in discrete element fuel beds SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/2nd Internationa Wildland Fire Ecology and Fire Management Congress CY NOV 16-20, 2003 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Meteorol Soc DE fire propagation; FIRETEC; HIGRAD ID VELOCITY STATISTICS; WAVING WHEAT; WIND-TUNNEL; CROWN FIRES; JACK PINE; AIR-FLOW; SPREAD AB In this text we describe an initial attempt to incorporate discrete porous element fuel beds into the coupled atmosphere - wildfire behavior model HIGRAD/ FIRETEC. First we develop conceptual models for use in translating measured tree data ( in this case a ponderosa pine forest) into discrete fuel elements. Then data collected at experimental sites near Flagstaff, Arizona are used to create a discontinuous canopy fuel representation in HIGRAD/ FIRETEC. Four simulations are presented with different canopy and understory configurations as described in the text. The results are discussed in terms of the same two discrete locations within the canopy for each simulation. The canopy structure had significant effects on the balance between radiative and convective heating in driving the fire and indeed sometimes determinedwhether a specific tree burned or not. In our simulations the ground fuel density was the determining factor in the overall spread rate of the fire, even when the overstory was involved in the fire. This behavior is well known in the fire meteorology community. In the future, simulations of this type could help land managers to better understand the role of canopy and understory structure in determining fire behavior, and thus help them decide between the different thinning and fuel treatment strategies available to them. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Linn, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rrl@lanl.gov NR 15 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 9 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 1 BP 37 EP 48 DI 10.1071/WF04043 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 903UV UT WOS:000227452000004 ER PT J AU Cunningham, P Goodrick, SL Hussaini, MY Linn, RR AF Cunningham, P Goodrick, SL Hussaini, MY Linn, RR TI Coherent vortical structures in numerical simulations of buoyant plumes from wildland fires SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/2nd Internationa Wildland Fire Ecology and Fire Management Congress CY NOV 16-20, 2003 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Meteorol Soc ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS; CROSS-FLOW; BOUNDARY-LAYER; NEAR-FIELD; ROUND JET; ATMOSPHERE; MODEL; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS; MASS AB The structure and dynamics of buoyant plumes arising from surface- based heat sources in a vertically sheared ambient atmospheric flow are examined via simulations of a three-dimensional, compressible numerical model. Simple circular heat sources and asymmetric elliptical ring heat sources that are representative of wildland fires of moderate intensity are considered. Several different coherent vortical structures that dominate the plume structure and evolution are evident in the simulations, and these structures correspond well with those observed in plumes from wildland fires. For the circular source, these structures include: ( i) a counter-rotating vortex pair aligned with the plume trajectory that is associated with a bifurcation of the plume, ( ii) transverse shear-layer vortices on the upstream face of the plume, and ( iii) vertically oriented wake vortices that form periodically with alternating sign on either side of the downstream edge of the plume base. For the elliptical ring source, a streamwise counter-rotating vortex pair is apparent on each flank, and a transverse horizontal vortex is observed above the head of the source. In all simulations the plume cross section is represented poorly by a self-similar Gaussian distribution. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Inst Geophys Fluid Dynam, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30603 USA. Florida State Univ, Sch Computat Sci & Informat Technol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cunningham, P (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM cunningham@met.fsu.edu NR 41 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 1 BP 61 EP 75 DI 10.1071/WF04044 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 903UV UT WOS:000227452000006 ER PT J AU Potter, BE AF Potter, BE TI The role of released moisture in the atmospheric dynamics associated with wildland fires SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/2nd Internationa Wildland Fire Ecology and Fire Management Congress CY NOV 16-20, 2003 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Meteorol Soc DE combustion; convection; downdraft; plume ID MODEL AB Combustion of woody material produces and releases water, but the effects of this water on the atmospheric circulation created by a wildfire are rarely recognized, let alone understood. This paper presents observational data and basic physical arguments to support the hypothesis that this moisture can constitute a large portion of the total water content in a fire plume. Calculations demonstrate the effects this moisture could have on fire-driven atmospheric circulations, specifically updrafts and downdrafts, on time and space scales important for fire behavior and fire-fighter safety. This study should be considered exploratory; it does not prove the presence or importance of this moisture, but seeks to show that further study is needed to determine how much moisture a fire adds to the air, and whether that amount is or is not important. C1 US Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, USDA, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Potter, BE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, USDA, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM bpotter@fs.fed.us NR 27 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 1 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1071/WF04045 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 903UV UT WOS:000227452000007 ER PT J AU Achtemeier, GL AF Achtemeier, GL TI Planned Burn-Piedmont. A local operational numerical meteorological model for tracking smoke on the ground at night: model development and sensitivity tests SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/2nd Internationa Wildland Fire Ecology and Fire Management Congress CY NOV 16-20, 2003 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Meteorol Soc DE drainage winds; nocturnal smoke; smoke entrapment; visibility ID NOCTURNAL DRAINAGE FLOWS; CORRECTIONS OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS; ANALYSIS SCHEME; VALLEY; WINDS; SIMULATION; DISCRETE AB Smoke from both prescribed fires and wildfires can, under certain meteorological conditions, become entrapped within shallow layers of air near the ground at night and get carried to unexpected destinations as a combination of weather systems push air through interlocking ridge - valley terrain typical of the Piedmont of the Southern United States. Entrapped smoke confined within valleys is often slow to disperse. When moist conditions are present, hygroscopic particles within smoke may initiate or augment fog formation. With or without fog, smoke transported across roadways can create visibility hazards. Planned Burn ( PB)- Piedmont is a fine scale, time- dependent, smoke tracking model designed to run on a PC computer as an easy-to-use aid for land managers. PB-Piedmont gives high-resolution in space and time predictions of smoke movement within shallow layers at the ground over terrain typical of that of the Piedmont. PB-Piedmont applies only for weather conditions when smoke entrapment is most likely to occur - at night during clear skies and light winds. This paper presents the model description and gives examples of model performance in comparison with observations of entrapped smoke collected during two nights of a field project. The results show that PB-Piedmont is capable of describing the movement of whole smoke plumes within the constraints for which the model was designed. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Forest Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Achtemeier, GL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Forest Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM gachtemeier@fs.fed.us NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 1 BP 85 EP 98 DI 10.1071/WF04041 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 903UV UT WOS:000227452000008 ER PT J AU Weise, DR Zhou, XY Sun, LL Mahalingam, S AF Weise, DR Zhou, XY Sun, LL Mahalingam, S TI Fire spread in chaparral - 'go or no-go?' SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/2nd Internationa Wildland Fire Ecology and Fire Management Congress CY NOV 16-20, 2003 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Meteorol Soc ID BEHAVIOR; FUELS; WIND AB Current fire models are designed to model the spread of a linear fire front in dead, small-diameter fuels. Fires in predominantly living vegetation account for a large proportion of annual burned area in the United States. Prescribed burning is used to manage living fuels; however, prescribed burning is currently conducted under conditions that result in marginal burning. We do not understand quantitatively the relative importance of the fuel and environmental variables that determine spread in live vegetation. To address these weaknesses, laboratory fires have been burned to determine the effects of wind, slope, moisture content and fuel characteristics on fire spread in fuel beds of common chaparral species. Four species ( Adenostoma fasciculatum, Ceanothus crassifolius, Quercus berberidifolia, Arctostaphylos parryana), two wind velocities ( 0 and 2m s(-1)) and two fuel bed depths ( 20 and 40 cm) were used. Oven-dry moisture content of fine fuels (< 0.63 cm diameter) ranged from 0.09 to 1.06. Seventy of 125 fires successfully propagated the length ( 2.0 m) of the elevated fuel bed. A logistic model to predict the probability of successful fire spread was developed using stepwise logistic regression. The variables selected to predict propagation were wind velocity, slope percent, moisture content, fuel loading, species and air temperature. Air temperature and species terms were removed from the model for parsimony. The final model correctly classified 94% of the observations. Comparison of results with an empirical decision matrix for prescribed burning in chaparral suggested some agreement between the laboratory data and the empirical tool. C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Fire Lab, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Mech Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Weise, DR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Fire Lab, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM dweise@fs.fed.us; xzhou@engr.ucr.edu; lsun@engr.ucr.edu; shankar.mahalingam@ucr.edu RI Mahalingam, Shankar/K-6746-2015; OI Mahalingam, Shankar/0000-0002-4543-7201 NR 32 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 11 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 1 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.1071/WF04049 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 903UV UT WOS:000227452000009 ER PT J AU Thies, WG Westlind, DJ Loewen, M AF Thies, WG Westlind, DJ Loewen, M TI Season of prescribed burn in ponderosa pine forests in eastern Oregon: impact on pine mortality SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE black stain root disease; Blue Mountains; fire; Leptographium wageneri ID ANNOSUM ROOT DISEASE; TREE MORTALITY; SIERRA-NEVADA; BLACK-STAIN; FIRE AB A study of the effects of season of prescribed burn on tree mortality was established in mixed- age ponderosa pine ( Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) at the south end of the Blue Mountains near Burns, Oregon. Each of six previously thinned stands was subdivided into three experimental units and one of three treatments was randomly assigned to each: fall 1997 burn, spring 1998 burn, and no burning ( control). Burns were conducted as operational prescribed burns. Trees within six 0.2- ha circular plots on each experimental unit were observed for four post- burn growing seasons to determine fire damage and to detect immediate and delayed mortality and occurrence of black stain root disease ( BSRD). There were 5321 tagged ponderosa pines alive at the time of the burns. The percentage of ponderosa pine dying was higher after fall burns than after spring burns. Differences in percentages of fire- caused mortality may be because fall burns are inherently more severe than spring burns. Although present in many trees, BSRD appeared to have little impact on mortality. The lion's- tail appearance, thought to be a symptom of BSRD, was found to be an unreliable indicator of BSRD in the six test stands. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Malheur Natl Forest, Hines, OR 97738 USA. RP Thies, WG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM wthies@fs.fed.us NR 33 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 BP 223 EP 231 DI 10.1071/WF04051 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 964UK UT WOS:000231906300002 ER PT J AU Smith, AMS Hudak, AT AF Smith, AMS Hudak, AT TI Estimating combustion of large downed woody debris from residual white ash SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE burned area; carbon; emission estimates; loss on ignition; remote sensing; savanna ID KRUGER-NATIONAL-PARK; EXPERIMENTAL BURNS; AFRICAN SAVANNA; FIRE BEHAVIOR; SOUTH-AFRICA; CARBON; FORESTS; BIOMASS; IMAGERY; VEGETATION AB The production of residual white ash patches within wildfires represents near- complete combustion of the available fuel and releases a considerable quantity of gases to the atmosphere. These patches are generally produced from combustion of large downed woody debris ( LDWD) such as fallen trees and snags. However, LDWD are generally ignored in calculations of fuel combusted within environments where surface fires dominate ( e. g. southern African savannas). To assess the potential of fractional white ash cover as a remotely sensed measure of LDWD combustion, both the proportion of the surface covered by white ash and the combustion completeness required to produce white ash must be quantified. An aerial photograph of woodland savanna fires in north- western Zimbabwe was analysed to estimate the proportion of white ash cover within a typical satellite sensor pixel. The proportion loss on ignition ( LOI) of wood samples from the study area was measured and combined with previous estimates of mean tree biomass. The proportion of white ash within the aerial photographs was 0.2% ( +/- 0.06), which corresponded to an additional 67 320 kg ha(-1) of biomass combusted above that typically recorded as combusted from a surface fire in this environment (similar to 7000 kg ha(-1)). This analysis should be repeated in other savannas and forests, where pre- fire fuel loads and post- fire fractional white ash cover may be higher. C1 Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Smith, AMS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM alistair@uidaho.edu; ahudak@fs.fed.us RI Smith, Alistair/I-3162-2014 OI Smith, Alistair/0000-0003-0071-9958 NR 22 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 BP 245 EP 248 DI 10.1071/WF05011 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 964UK UT WOS:000231906300004 ER PT J AU Keeley, JE Pfaff, AH Safford, HD AF Keeley, JE Pfaff, AH Safford, HD TI Fire suppression impacts on postfire recovery of Sierra Nevada chaparral shrublands SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID PLANT DIVERSITY; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT AB A substantial portion of chaparral shrublands in the southern part of California's Sierra Nevada Mountain Range has never had a recorded fire since record keeping began in 1910. We hypothesised that such long periods without fire are outside the historical range of variability and that when such areas burn, postfire recovery is weaker than in younger stands. We predicted that long fire- free periods will result in loss of shrub species and deterioration of soil seed banks, which, coupled with higher fire intensities from the greater accumulation of dead biomass, will lead to poorer postfire regeneration. The 2002 McNally Fire burned ancient stands that were as much as 150 years old, as well as much younger ( mature) stands. Based on shrub skeletons in the burned area as a surrogate for prefire density, we found that ancient stands change in structure, owing primarily to the loss of obligate seeding Ceanothus cuneatus; other species appear to have great longevity. Despite the reduction in C. cuneatus, postfire shrub - seedling recruitment remained strong in these ancient stands, although some seed bank deterioration is suggested by the three- quarters lower seedling recruitment than recorded from mature stands. Total diversity and the abundance of postfire endemic annuals are two other response variables that suggest that these ancient stands are recovering as well as mature stands. The one area of some concern is that non- native species richness and abundance increased in the ancient stands, suggesting that these are more open to alien colonisers. It is concluded that chaparral more than a century old is resilient to such long fire- free periods and fire severity impacts are indistinguishable from those in younger chaparral stands. C1 US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sequoia Kings CAnyon Field Stn, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Keeley, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sequoia Kings CAnyon Field Stn, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA. EM jon_keeley@usgs.gov NR 36 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 14 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 BP 255 EP 265 DI 10.1071/WF05049 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 964UK UT WOS:000231906300006 ER PT J AU Busse, MD Bussea, MD Fiddler, GO Shestak, CJ Powers, RF AF Busse, MD Bussea, MD Fiddler, GO Shestak, CJ Powers, RF TI Lethal soil temperatures during burning of masticated forest residues SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fuel reduction; prescribed fire; soil heating; soil moisture; soil water repellency; wildfire; wildland-urban interface; wood mulch ID WATER REPELLENCY; HEAT; FIRE; BENEATH AB Mastication of woody shrubs is used increasingly as a management option to reduce fire risk at the wildland - urban interface. Whether the resulting mulch layer leads to extreme soil heating, if burned, is unknown. We measured temperature profiles in a clay loam soil during burning of Arctostaphylos residues. Four mulch depths were burned ( 0, 2.5, 7.5 and 12.5 cm), spanning typical conditions at forested sites in northern California with dense pre- mastication shrub cover. Two soil moisture contents were compared at each fuel depth to simulate spring prescribed burning ( moist soil) and late- season wildfire ( dry soil). Maximum temperatures reached 600 degrees C on the surface of dry soils and were 100 - 200 degrees C lower for moist soil. Heating was extensive in dry soil for the two deepest mulch depths, exceeding the lethal threshold for plants ( 60 degrees C) for a minimum of 7 h throughout the 10- cm soil profile. Minimal heat pulse was found with less mulch. Moist soil also dampened heat penetration; peak temperatures exceeded 60 degrees C only to 2.5 cm in the soil profile for all but the deepest mulch layer. No adverse effects of burning on water repellency were found in dry or moist soil. The potential for biological damage from soil heating during fire exists following mastication, particularly in dry soil with a mulch depth of 7.5 cm or greater. Field projections indicate that up to one- fourth of treated areas with dense pre- mastication vegetation would surpass lethal soil temperatures during a surface wildfire. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA USA. Hubbert & Associates, Apple Valley, CA USA. RP Busse, MD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA USA. EM mbusse@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 62 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 19 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 BP 267 EP 276 DI 10.1071/WF04062 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 964UK UT WOS:000231906300007 ER PT J AU Braun, CC Fouts, J Silver, NC Putnam, T AF Braun, CC Fouts, J Silver, NC Putnam, T TI Effect of fire shelters on perceived fire danger: implications for risk compensation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE Risk Homeostasis Theory; risk perception ID TRAFFIC ACCIDENT DATA; HOMEOSTASIS THEORY; SAFETY REGULATION; LEGISLATION; BEHAVIOR; LAW AB The fire shelter is an integral part of wildland firefighting Personal Protective Equipment ( PPE). There is growing concern, however, that firefighters may accept greater levels of risk while carrying them. Such concerns are consistent with Risk Homeostasis Theory, which postulates that behavior is regulated by an internal stabilizing process that balances target and perceived risk and the effects of safety interventions. When any one of the three components changes, the resulting disequilibrium is compensated for by changes in behavior. As a safety intervention, fire shelters may alter the equilibrium of this system producing a behavior change that negates any safety improvements it produced. Two experiments were conducted to assess how PPE affects the behavior of athletes and how fire shelters affect wildland firefighters' perceptions of fire danger. In Experiment 1, 53% of participants demonstrated behavior that offset gains in safety produced by PPE. The results from Experiment 2 revealed that the presence of fire shelters significantly reduced perceived hazard levels associated with three different fire scenarios. Although neither experiment actually measured the behavior of firefighters, the combined results suggest that firefighters might not be immune to the effects of risk compensation. C1 Univ Idaho, Dept Psychol, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Psychol, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula Technol & Dev Ctr, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Braun, CC (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Psychol, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM cbraun@uidaho.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 BP 297 EP 306 DI 10.1071/WF04071 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 964UK UT WOS:000231906300010 ER PT J AU Weise, DR White, RH Beall, FC Etlinger, M AF Weise, DR White, RH Beall, FC Etlinger, M TI Use of the cone calorimeter to detect seasonal differences in selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID FOREST FUELS; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; HEAT RELEASE; FLAMMABILITY; COMPONENTS; PATTERNS AB The flammability of living vegetation is influenced by a variety of factors, including moisture content, physical structure and chemical composition. The relative flammability of ornamental vegetation is of interest to homeowners seeking to make their homes ' fire safe'. The relative importance of the factors influencing fire behaviour characteristics, such as flammability, is unknown. In the present study, oxygen consumption calorimetry was used to obtain selected combustion characteristics of ornamental vegetation. Peak heat release rate, mass loss rate, time to ignition and effective heat of combustion of 100 x 100- mm samples of foliage and small branches were measured using a bench- scale cone calorimeter. Green and oven- dry samples of 10 species were collected and tested seasonally for a period of 1 year. Similar measurements were made on whole shrubs in an intermediate- scale calorimeter. The range of cone calorimeter peak heat release rates for green and oven- dry samples was 1 - 176 and 49 - 331 kW m(- 2), respectively. Moisture content significantly reduced heat release rates and increased time to ignition. Peak heat release rates for Olea europea and Adenostoma fasciculatum were consistently highest over the year of testing; Aloe sp. consistently had the lowest heat release rate. The correlation of peak heat release rates measured by the cone calorimeter and an intermediate- scale calorimeter was statistically significant yet low ( 0.51). The use of the cone calorimeter as a tool to establish the relative flammability rating for landscape vegetation requires additional investigation. C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Fire Lab, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Weise, DR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Fire Lab, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM dweise@fs.fed.us; rhwhite@fs.fed.us; frank.beall@nature.berkeley.edu NR 48 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 BP 321 EP 338 DI 10.1071/WF04035 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 964UK UT WOS:000231906300012 ER PT J AU Goforth, BR Graham, RC Hubbert, KR Zanner, CW Minnich, RA AF Goforth, BR Graham, RC Hubbert, KR Zanner, CW Minnich, RA TI Spatial distribution and properties of ash and thermally altered soils after high-severity forest fire, southern California SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE hydrophobic soil; maghemite; mixed conifer forest; reddened soil; soil magnetic susceptibility; soil pH; soil rubification; water-repellent soil; wood ash ID INDUCED WATER REPELLENCY; MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; MAGNETIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; IRON-OXIDES; WOOD-ASH; COLOR; SUBSTANCES; DYNAMICS; RATES AB After a century of fire suppression, dense forests in California have fueled high-severity fires. We surveyed mixed conifer forest with 995-1178 trees ha(-1) ( stems > 10 cm diameter at breast height), and nearby pine oak woodland having 175-230 trees ha(-1), 51 days after a severe burn, to contrast the spatial extent and properties of thermally altered soil at sites with different tree densities. Water-repellent soils were more extensive in forest than woodland. Deposits of white ash, composed largely of calicite, covered at most similar to 25% of the land surface, in places where large fuel items ( e.g. logs, branches, exfoliated oak bark) had thoroughly combusted. At least 1690 kg ha(-1) of CaCO(3) in ash was deposited over the forest, and at least 700 kg ha(-1) was added to the woodland. Combustion of logs and large branches also reddened the underlying yellow-brown soil as deep as 60mm ( average 8 mm), and over similar to 1-12% of the land surface. The reddened soils have magnetic susceptibilities that are three to seven times greater than surrounding unreddened soils within the burn, indicating thermal production of maghemite. Such fire-altered conditions persist over spatial and temporal scales that influence soil genesis in Mediterranean-type climate regions. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Soil & Water Sci Program, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. USDA, US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Forest Fire Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Graham, RC (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Soil & Water Sci Program, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM robert.graham@ucr.edu NR 63 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 19 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 4 BP 343 EP 354 DI 10.1071/WF05038 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 986OD UT WOS:000233458700002 ER PT J AU Hubbert, KR Oriol, V AF Hubbert, KR Oriol, V TI Temporal fluctuations in soil water repellency following wildfire in chaparral steeplands, southern California SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID HYDROPHOBIC SUBSTANCES; FOREST SOILS; WETTABILITY; PORTUGAL; PATTERNS; MOISTURE; HEAT; SAND AB Soil water repellency is particularly common in unburned chaparral, and its degree and duration can be influenced by seasonal weather conditions. Water repellency tends to increase in dry soils, while it decreases or vanishes following precipitation or extended periods of soil moisture. The 15 426 ha Williams Fire provided an opportunity to investigate post-fire fluctuations in water repellency over a 1-year period. Soil water repellency was measured at the surface, and at 2-cm and 4-cm depths along six east-west-positioned transects located within the chaparral-dominated San Dimas Experimental Forest. During the winter and spring, seasonal variation in the degree of surface water repellency appeared to be inversely proportional to antecedent rainfall and soil moisture conditions. Precipitation through December reduced the proportion of surface 'moderate or higher repellency' from 49 to 4% as soil wetness increased to 12%. Throughout the summer, soil wetness remained below 2%; however, surface soils remained 'wettable', with the proportion of surface 'moderate or higher repellency' never returning to the early post-fire amount of 47%. Interestingly, at the 4-cm depth, the proportion of 'moderate or higher repellency' remained at levels > 25% throughout the summer dry season. C1 Hubbert & Associates, Apple Valley, CA 92307 USA. USDA, US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Hubbert, KR (reprint author), Hubbert & Associates, 21610 Ramona Ave, Apple Valley, CA 92307 USA. EM huboutwest@earthlink.net NR 50 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 4 BP 439 EP 447 DI 10.1071/WF05036 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 986OD UT WOS:000233458700010 ER PT J AU Robichaud, PR AF Robichaud, PR TI Measurement of post-fire hillslope erosion to evaluate and model rehabilitation treatment effectiveness and recovery SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE Burned Area Emergency Response; emergency stabilization; mitigation; paired watersheds; sediment; silt fence; wildfire ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE/; WILDFIRE; FIRE AB The increasing size and severity of wildfires in the western United States has caused a corresponding increase in post-fire emergency erosion control activities. Hillslope treatments, such as broadcast seeding, mulching and installed barriers, are applied to reduce runoff and erosion, as well as downslope sedimentation. However, there are few data to determine if these post-fire treatments are practical and effective. Direct measurement of hillslope erosion, particularly in the remote settings where wildfires occur, is time consuming and costly. Rainfall simulation, sediment fences and paired catchment studies have been adapted for measuring post-fire erosion in the mountainous forest regions of the western USA. The use of paired catchments to measure hillslope erosion and evaluate treatment effectiveness is illustrated by an ongoing experiment of six contour-felled log erosion barrier research sites. Deciding which type of treatments to use, as well as the locations and timing of application, requires treatment cost and effectiveness to be weighed against potential damage from unmitigated erosion. To assist in this process, a web-based Erosion Risk Management Tool has been developed that incorporates variability in rainfall, burn severity and soil properties, as well as treatment options to provide probabilistic erosion estimates for 4 years after a fire. C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Robichaud, PR (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM probichaud@fs.fed.us NR 46 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 4 U2 18 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2005 VL 14 IS 4 BP 475 EP 485 DI 10.1071/WF05031 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 986OD UT WOS:000233458700013 ER PT J AU Moore, PH AF Moore, PH TI A personal view on coordinating international progress in sugarcane improvement and linking biotechnology to application SO INTERNATIONAL SUGAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Jubilee Congress of the International-Society-of-Sugar-Cane-Technologists CY JAN 30-FEB 04, 2005 CL Guatemala City, GUATEMALA SP Guatemalan Soc Surgar Cane Technol AB The scale and pace of the biotechnology revolution is beginning to impact our lives in so many ways that some authors suggest that civilization is moving into the age of biotechnology. Advancements have made it possible to sequence the complete genome of increasingly complex organisms, including that of humans, and to clone and transfer individual genes to engineer new traits into various life forms. Biotechnology is creating massive volumes of information that is transforming the world's chemical, pharmaceutical, and agricultural establishments. When a small group of sugarcane scientists recognized this phenomenon, they developed a plan so that the world's sugarcane establishments might reap the benefits of the biological revolution. They established a consortium of sugarcane research organizations that pledged to freely share technologies and information, to invest in building their own institutional biotechnology infrastructure, and to collaboratively invest in funding grants to advance fundamental knowledge about sugarcane biology. The now 12-year-old International Consortium for Sugarcane Biotechnology (ICSB) comprises 19 sugarcane research organizations from 13 countries that are responsible for about half of the world's production of cane sugar. In those 12 years, the ICSB has helped each of its members become more proficient in biotechnology and take advantage of the information and technologies that were developed for sugarcane through their collaborative efforts. C1 USDA, ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Aiea, HI USA. RP Moore, PH (reprint author), USDA, ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Aiea, HI USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SUGAR JOURNAL LTD PI KENT PA 80 CALVERLEY, TUNBRIDGE WELLS, KENT TN1 2UN, WALES SN 0020-8841 J9 INT SUGAR J JI Int. Sugar J. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 107 IS 1273 BP 27 EP + PG 3 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 888VX UT WOS:000226403400003 ER PT J AU Moore, PH AF Moore, PH TI A personal view on coordinating international progress in sugarcane improvement and linking biotechnology to application SO INTERNATIONAL SUGAR JOURNAL LA Spanish DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Jubilee Congress of the International-Society-of-Sugar-Cane-Technologists CY JAN 30-FEB 04, 2005 CL Guatemala City, GUATEMALA SP Guatemalan Soc Surgar Cane Technol C1 USDA, ARS, US Pacific Basic Agr Res Ctr, Aiea, HI USA. RP Moore, PH (reprint author), USDA, ARS, US Pacific Basic Agr Res Ctr, Aiea, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SUGAR JOURNAL LTD PI KENT PA 80 CALVERLEY, TUNBRIDGE WELLS, KENT TN1 2UN, WALES SN 0020-8841 J9 INT SUGAR J JI Int. Sugar J. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 107 IS 1273 BP 29 EP 31 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 888VX UT WOS:000226403400004 ER PT J AU Jackson, DM Canhilal, R Carner, GR AF Jackson, DM Canhilal, R Carner, GR TI Trap monitoring squash vine borers in cucurbits SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Melittia cucurbitae; Sesiidae; pheromones; Cucurbitaceae; population dynamics; traps ID PHEROMONE; LEPIDOPTERA; SESIIDAE AB Populations of the squash vine borer, Melittia cucurbitae (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), were monitored using pheromone-baited traps in cucurbit fields at Clemson University, Clemson, SC, and at the United States Vegetable Laboratory (USVL), Charleston, SC, from 1997-2004. Male squash vine borer moths were first captured from mid May to early June at both locations. Adults were captured for the next 4-5 months until mid September at Clemson, and until late September to mid October at the USVL. There appears to be two widely overlapping generations of squash vine borers per year in South Carolina. Nine types of pheromone-baited traps were tested at the USVL, 2003-2004. A commercially available, small wire mesh Heliothis trap was the most effective trap for capturing male squash vine borer moths. A large (50-75 cm) Heliothis trap (Harstack trap) and a commercially available, collapsible nylon Heliothis trap were the second and third most effective traps. The universal moth trap (yellow funnel, white bottom, green top) also caught a significant number of male squash vine borer moths. The Multipher 3 trap, Pherocon 1C sticky trap, Japanese beetle trap, and boll weevil trap were not effective for monitoring male squash vine borer moths. The commercially available, small wire-cone trap baited with squash vine borer pheromone lure offers a practical monitoring technique for this pest species. C1 ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Jackson, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI CLEMSON PA PO BOX 582, CLEMSON, SC 29633 USA SN 1523-5475 J9 J AGR URBAN ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Urban Entomol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 22 IS 1 BP 27 EP 39 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 008CZ UT WOS:000235019100004 ER PT J AU Shufran, KA Rangaswamy, V Burd, JD Porter, DR AF Shufran, KA Rangaswamy, V Burd, JD Porter, DR TI Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis discriminates greenbug (Homoptera : Aphididae) mtDNA haplotypes SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aphid; biotype; host races; molecular marker; Schizaphis graminum ID DNA SEQUENCE DIVERGENCE; HEMIPTERA; BIOTYPES; SSCP AB Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis discriminated three mtDNA haplotypes in the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Homoptera: Aphididae), previously identified by sequencing a 1.0-1.2 kb portion of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood analysis of a 150 b portion of the original 1.2 kb fragment of the COI all produced dendrograms identical to that done with analyses of the larger fragment. This 150 b fragment was PCR amplified and the products subjected to SSCP on native polyacrylamide gels. Unique bands identified greenbug biotypes and isolates, corresponding to three haplotypes. SSCP analysis offers a more time and cost efficient method than DNA sequencing to identify mtDNA haplotypes in the greenbug, and yields more informative genetic data than traditional biotype determination. The use of SSCP also will be of use in studies of gene flow, and the frequency and distribution of host-races. C1 ARS, USDA, Wheat Peanut & Other Crops Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Shufran, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Wheat Peanut & Other Crops Res Unit, 1301 N Western Rd, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI CLEMSON PA PO BOX 582, CLEMSON, SC 29633 USA SN 1523-5475 J9 J AGR URBAN ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Urban Entomol. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 22 IS 1 BP 49 EP 54 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 008CZ UT WOS:000235019100006 ER PT J AU Pantoja, A Ciomperlik, MA Wiscovitch, L Gabriel, N Vazquez, P Robles, W AF Pantoja, A Ciomperlik, MA Wiscovitch, L Gabriel, N Vazquez, P Robles, W TI Establishment and distribution of exotic biological control agents for silverleaf whitefly in Puerto Rico SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO LA English DT Article DE whitefly; biological control; Eretmocerus; Encarsia ID ALEYRODIDAE; HOMOPTERA AB The establishment and distribution of exotic biological control agents for the silverleaf whitefly in Puerto Rico was evaluated. Five hundred thirty parasitoids were recovered from 99 sample sites. Encarsia spp. represented over 90% of the total samples profiled, whereas Eretmocerus spp. represented only 9.5%. Eretmocerus hayati, from Pakistan, represented 56% of the total of that genus, followed by Er. mundus from Spain (38%). An Encarsia sophia species from Pakistan was the most abundant, representing 29.6% of the total number of specimens from that group and 26.8% of the total number of specimens recovered during the study. Five unidentified, and possibly undescribed, species from Puerto Rico were detected during the study. Two of the local species represent about 23% of the total number of specimens collected. C1 Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crop Protect, Mayaguez, PR USA. USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Mission Biol Control Ctr, Mission, TX 78573 USA. USDA, APHIS, PPQ, San Juan, PR 00918 USA. USDA, APHIS, PPQ, San Juan, PR 00928 USA. DHS CBP AI, San Juan, PR 00901 USA. RP Pantoja, A (reprint author), Univ Alaska, USDA ARS, POB 757200, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PI RIO PIEDRAS PA PO BOX 21360, RIO PIEDRAS, PUERTO RICO 00927 USA SN 0041-994X J9 J AGR U PUERTO RICO JI J. Agric. Univ. P. R. PD JAN-APR PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1-2 BP 67 EP 73 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 025VY UT WOS:000236296300006 ER PT J AU Shaik, SA Terrill, TH Kouakou, B Kannan, G Miller, JE Kaplan, RM Burke, JM Mosjidis, JA AF Shaik, S. A. Terrill, T. H. Kouakou, B. Kannan, G. Miller, J. E. Kaplan, R. M. Burke, J. M. Mosjidis, J. A. TI Effects of sericea lespedeza hay on goats infected with Haemonchus contortus SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Shaik, S. A.; Terrill, T. H.; Kouakou, B.; Kannan, G.] Ft Valley State Univ, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. [Miller, J. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Kaplan, R. M.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Burke, J. M.] ARS DBSFRC, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Mosjidis, J. A.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 3 EP 4 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900011 ER PT J AU Burton, JL Madsen, SA Chang, LC Weber, PSD Coussens, PM Rosa, GJM Matukumalli, LK Sonstegard, TS Smith, TP AF Burton, J. L. Madsen, S. A. Chang, L-C. Weber, P. S. D. Coussens, P. M. Rosa, G. J. M. Matukumalli, L. K. Sonstegard, T. S. Smith, T. P. TI Immunogenomics and the transition dairy cow: physiological insights and future possibilities for improving animal health SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE functional genomics; immunity; parturition C1 [Burton, J. L.; Madsen, S. A.; Chang, L-C.; Weber, P. S. D.; Coussens, P. M.; Rosa, G. J. M.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Matukumalli, L. K.; Sonstegard, T. S.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Smith, T. P.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RI Rosa, Guilherme/G-3862-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300018 ER PT J AU Sandelin, BA Brown, AH Ojano-Dirain, C Iqbal, M Bottje, WG Brown, MA Herring, WO Akin, M Johnson, ZB Baublits, RT AF Sandelin, B. A. Brown, A. H., Jr. Ojano-Dirain, C. Iqbal, M. Bottje, W. G. Brown, M. A. Herring, W. O. Akin, M. Johnson, Z. B. Baublits, R. T. TI Different measures of energetic efficiency, ultrasound and carcass merit and their relationships with mitochondrial activity in Angus cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE feed efficiency; Angus; muscle mitochondria C1 [Sandelin, B. A.; Brown, A. H., Jr.; Ojano-Dirain, C.; Iqbal, M.; Bottje, W. G.; Johnson, Z. B.; Baublits, R. T.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Brown, M. A.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900017 ER PT J AU Cassady, JP Van Vleck, LD AF Cassady, J. P. Van Vleck, L. D. TI Estimation of (co) variance components due to genetic competition effects in pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE competition effects; genetics; pig C1 [Cassady, J. P.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Van Vleck, L. D.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 6 EP 7 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900023 ER PT J AU Foote, M Nonnecke, B Fowler, M Miller, B Beitz, D Waters, W AF Foote, M. Nonnecke, B. Fowler, M. Miller, B. Beitz, D. Waters, W. TI Effects of age and nutrition on proliferation and activation of mitogen stimulated T cell subsets from neonatal calves SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE milk-fed calf; neonatal immunology; T lymphocyte C1 [Foote, M.; Beitz, D.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Nonnecke, B.; Waters, W.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Fowler, M.; Miller, B.] Land Olakes Inc, St Paul, MN USA. Land Olakes Inc, Webster, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 6 EP 6 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300020 ER PT J AU Appeddu, L Sweeney, K Su, J Mediano, K Brown, M AF Appeddu, L. Sweeney, K. Su, J. Mediano, K. Brown, M. TI Evaluation of two digestibility markers for cattle consuming wheat pasture or alfalfa hay based diets SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE wheat; alfalfa; digestibility C1 [Appeddu, L.; Sweeney, K.; Su, J.; Mediano, K.] SW Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Brown, M.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 7 EP 7 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900025 ER PT J AU Kahl, S Elsasser, TH AF Kahl, S. Elsasser, T. H. TI Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), nitric oxide (NO), and xanthine oxidase (XO) responses to endotoxin (LPS) challenge in heifers: effect of estrous cycle phase SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE endotoxin; estrous cycle; tumor necrosis factor-alpha C1 [Kahl, S.; Elsasser, T. H.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 7 EP 7 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300025 ER PT J AU Starks, PJ Phillips, WA Coleman, SW AF Starks, P. J. Phillips, W. A. Coleman, S. W. TI Remote sensing of crude protein in bermudagrass pastures during the summer grazing season SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE forage quality; remote sensing; assessment C1 [Starks, P. J.; Phillips, W. A.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Coleman, S. W.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Ag Res Sta, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 7 EP 7 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900026 ER PT J AU Li, C Elsasser, T Kahl, S Carbaugh, D AF Li, C. Elsasser, T. Kahl, S. Carbaugh, D. TI Temporal response of signal transduction elements during endotoxin (LPS) challenge in cattle liver cells: effects of growth hormone treatment SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE GH; LPS; signal transduction C1 [Li, C.; Elsasser, T.; Kahl, S.; Carbaugh, D.] USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300027 ER PT J AU Myer, R Coleman, S Carter, J Blount, A Littell, R AF Myer, R. Coleman, S. Carter, J. Blount, A. Littell, R. TI Nutritional quality evaluation of forage froth bahiagrass selections SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE forage; forage quality; paspalum notatum C1 [Myer, R.; Carter, J.; Blount, A.; Littell, R.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Coleman, S.] USDA ARS, STARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900029 ER PT J AU Looper, ML Edrington, TS Flores, R Rosenkrans, CF Nihsen, ME Aiken, GE AF Looper, M. L. Edrington, T. S. Flores, R. Rosenkrans, C. F. Nihsen, M. E. Aiken, G. E. TI Incidence of fecal shedding of E. coli O157 : H7 and Salmonella in stocker steers grazing different forages SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef cattle; tall rescue; E. coli C1 [Looper, M. L.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Edrington, T. S.] USDA ARS, Feed & Food Safety Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Flores, R.; Rosenkrans, C. F.; Nihsen, M. E.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Aiken, G. E.] USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 9 EP 10 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900035 ER PT J AU Norman, HD Wright, JR Powell, RL VanRaden, PM Miglior, F AF Norman, H. D. Wright, J. R. Powell, R. L. VanRaden, P. M. Miglior, F. TI Comparison of maturity rate for bull daughters in the United States and Canada SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE maturity rate; milk yield; parity C1 [Norman, H. D.; Wright, J. R.; Powell, R. L.; VanRaden, P. M.] USDA, ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Miglior, F.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Dairy & Swine Res & Dev Ctr, Lennoxville, PQ, Canada. [Miglior, F.] Canadian Daiiry Network, Guelph, ON, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 10 EP 11 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300038 ER PT J AU Carroll, J Carter, B Korte, S Dowd, S Prather, R AF Carroll, J. Carter, B. Korte, S. Dowd, S. Prather, R. TI The acute-phase response of cloned pigs following an immune challenge SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE clones; pigs; immune system C1 [Carroll, J.; Dowd, S.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issue Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. [Carter, B.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Korte, S.] Univ Missouri, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Prather, R.] Univ Missouri, Dept Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 11 EP 11 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900040 ER PT J AU Dechow, CD Norman, HD AF Dechow, C. D. Norman, H. D. TI Effectiveness of estimating individual herd heritabilities using regression techniques SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE heritability; yield; accuracy C1 [Dechow, C. D.] Penn State Univ, Beltsville, MD USA. [Norman, H. D.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 11 EP 11 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300040 ER PT J AU Gengler, N Wiggans, G Thornton, L Wright, J Druet, T AF Gengler, N. Wiggans, G. Thornton, L. Wright, J. Druet, T. TI Accounting for heterogeneous variances in multi-trait evaluation of Jersey type traits SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE heterogeneous variance adjustment; type evaluation C1 [Gengler, N.; Druet, T.] Natl Fund Sci Res, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Wiggans, G.; Thornton, L.; Wright, J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 11 EP 11 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300041 ER PT J AU Kuhn, M Hutchison, J AF Kuhn, M. Hutchison, J. TI Factors affecting heifer fertility in US Holsteins SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE heifer bbreedings; daughter pregnancy rate; fertility C1 [Kuhn, M.; Hutchison, J.] USDA, ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 11 EP 11 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300039 ER PT J AU Casas, E White, SN Riley, DG Smith, TPL Brenneman, RA Olson, TA Johnson, DD Coleman, SW Bennett, GL Chase, CC AF Casas, E White, SN Riley, DG Smith, TPL Brenneman, RA Olson, TA Johnson, DD Coleman, SW Bennett, GL Chase, CC TI Assessment of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes residing on chromosomes 14 and 29 for association with carcass composition traits in Bos indicus cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Brahman; carcass traits; DGAT1; mu-calpain; thyroglobulin ID MEAT TENDERNESS; BRAHMAN CATTLE; MILK-YIELD; CAPN1; DGAT1; LOCI; MARKERS; GROWTH AB Objective of this study was to assess the association of SNP in the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), thyroglobulin (TG), and micromolar calcium-activated neutral protease (CAPN1) genes with carcass composition and meat quality traits in Bos indicus cattle. A population of Brahman calves (n = 479) was developed in central Florida from 1996 to 2000. Traits analyzed were ADG, hip height, slaughter weight, fat thickness, HCW, marbling score, LM area, estimated KPH fat, yield grade, retail yield, sensory panel tenderness score, carcass hump height, and cooked meat tenderness measured as Warner-Bratzler shear force at 7, 14, and 21 d postmortem. Single nucleotide polymorphisms previously reported in the TG and DGAT1 genes were used as markers on chromosome 14. Two previously reported and two new SNP in the CAPN1 gene were used as markers on chromosome 29. One SNP in CAPN1 was uninformative, and another one was associated with tenderness score (P < 0.05), suggesting the presence of variation affecting meat tenderness. All three informative SNP at the CAPN1 gene were associated with hump height (P < 0.02). The TG marker was associated with fat thickness and LMA (P < 0.05), but not with marbling score. No significant associations of the SNP in the DGAT1 gene were observed for any trait. Allele frequencies of the SNP in TG and CAPN1 were different in this Brahman population than in reported allele frequencies in Bos taurus populations. The results suggest that the use of molecular marker information developed in Bos taurus populations to Bos indicus populations may require development of appropriate additional markers. C1 USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Casas, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM casas@email.marc.usda.gov OI White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054 NR 17 TC 80 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 83 IS 1 BP 13 EP 19 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 881LT UT WOS:000225869700002 PM 15583037 ER PT J AU Williams, CB Bennett, GL Jenkins, TG Cundiff, LV Ferrell, CL AF Williams, C. B. Bennett, G. L. Jenkins, T. G. Cundiff, L. V. Ferrell, C. L. TI Using simulation models to predict feed intake: Phenotypic and genetic relationships between observed and predicted values SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE mathematical models; feed intake; genetic correlations C1 USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 13 EP 14 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300050 ER PT J AU Lange, K Olcott, D Miller, J Mosjidis, J Terrill, T Burke, J AF Lange, K. Olcott, D. Miller, J. Mosjidis, J. Terrill, T. Burke, J. TI Effect of the condensed tannin containing forage, sericea lespedeza, fed as hay, on natural and experimental challenge infection in lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lange, K.; Olcott, D.; Miller, J.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Mosjidis, J.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Terrill, T.] Ft Valley State Univ, Ft Valley, GA USA. [Burke, J.] USDA ARS Booneville, Booneville, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 15 EP 16 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900059 ER PT J AU Miller, J Burke, J Terrill, T AF Miller, J. Burke, J. Terrill, T. TI Effect of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 grain copper oxide wire particles on natural infection in lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Miller, J.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Burke, J.] USDA ARS Booneville, Booneville, CA USA. [Terrill, T.] Ft Valley State Univ, Ft Valley, GA USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900058 ER PT J AU Animut, G Goetsch, AL Aiken, GE Puchala, R Detweiler, G Krehbiel, CR Merkel, RC Sahlu, T Dawson, LJ Johnson, ZB AF Animut, G. Goetsch, A. L. Aiken, G. E. Puchala, R. Detweiler, G. Krehbiel, C. R. Merkel, R. C. Sahlu, T. Dawson, L. J. Johnson, Z. B. TI Performance by goats and sheep consuming a 65% concentrate diet subsequent to co-grazing of grass/forb pastures at different stocking rates SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Animut, G.; Goetsch, A. L.; Puchala, R.; Detweiler, G.; Merkel, R. C.; Sahlu, T.] Langston Univ, E Kika de la Garza Amer Inst Goat Res, Tulsa, OK USA. [Animut, G.; Krehbiel, C. R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Aiken, G. E.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Dawson, L. J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Johnson, Z. B.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900069 ER PT J AU Hekken, DL Drake, MA Corral, FJM Prieto, VMG Gardea, AA AF Van Hekken, D. L. Drake, M. A. Corral, F. J. Molina Prieto, V. M. Guerrero Gardea, A. A. TI Mexican Mennonite-style cheese: Sensory profile of young cheeses from Chihuahua, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE cheese; Hispanic-style; sensory C1 [Van Hekken, D. L.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Drake, M. A.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Ctr Invest Alimentac & Desarrollo, Cuauhtemoc, Chih, Mexico. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300067 ER PT J AU Rawles, S Gaylord, TG Lochmann, R AF Rawles, S. Gaylord, T. G. Lochmann, R. TI Glucose oxidation and lipogenesis in hybrid striped bass fed diets with different starch ratios SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE hybrid striped bass; carbohydrates; lipogenesis C1 [Rawles, S.] USDA, ARS, HK Dupree Stuttgart Nat Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Gaylord, T. G.] USDA, ARS, SGPGR, Hagerman Fish Culturte Exp Sta, Hagerman, ID USA. [Lochmann, R.] Univ Arkansas, Pine Bluff, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 24 EP 24 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300090 ER PT J AU Ramsay, T Richards, M AF Ramsay, T. Richards, M. TI Leptin and leptin receptor expression in swine tissues in response to in vivo somatotropin treatment SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE leptin; somatotropin; leptin receptor C1 [Ramsay, T.; Richards, M.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 25 EP 25 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300094 ER PT J AU Chase, CC Riley, DG Olson, TA Coleman, SW AF Chase, C. C., Jr. Riley, D. G. Olson, T. A. Coleman, S. W. TI Evaluation of Brahman and tropically adapted Bos taurus breeds in the humid subtropics SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE cattle breeds; subtropics; adaptation C1 [Chase, C. C., Jr.; Riley, D. G.; Coleman, S. W.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Olson, T. A.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 27 EP 27 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900107 ER PT J AU Ferrell, CL AF Ferrell, C. L. TI Maternal and fetal genotype influences on fetal growth SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE bovine; placenta; blood flow C1 [Ferrell, C. L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 27 EP 27 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900105 ER PT J AU Sanders, J Riley, D Paschal, J Lunt, D AF Sanders, J. Riley, D. Paschal, J. Lunt, D. TI Evaluation of F-1 crosses of five Bos indicus breeds with Hereford for birth, growth, carcass, cow productivity and longevity SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sanders, J.; Paschal, J.; Lunt, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Riley, D.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 27 EP 27 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900106 ER PT J AU Cundiff, LV AF Cundiff, L. V. TI Performance of tropically adapted breeds in a temperate environment: Calving, growth, reproduction and maternal traits SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef cattle; breeds; tropically adapted C1 [Cundiff, L. V.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900110 ER PT J AU Ferrell, CL Jenkins, TG Freetly, HC AF Ferrell, C. L. Jenkins, T. G. Freetly, H. C. TI Feed utilization and performance of tropically adapted cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE efficiency; maintenance; digestibility C1 [Ferrell, C. L.; Jenkins, T. G.; Freetly, H. C.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900111 ER PT J AU Jenkins, TG Ferrell, CL AF Jenkins, T. G. Ferrell, C. L. TI Cow efficiency during the preweaning period of tropically adapted cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE lactation; preweaning; weaning weight C1 [Jenkins, T. G.; Ferrell, C. L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 29 EP 29 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900113 ER PT J AU Phillips, WA Wettemann, RP Coleman, SW Holloway, JW AF Phillips, W. A. Wettemann, R. P. Coleman, S. W. Holloway, J. W. TI Evaluation of Boran, Tuli, Gelbvieh, and Brahman F1 crosses in Oklahoma SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE birth weight; weaning weight; sire evaluation C1 [Phillips, W. A.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Coleman, S. W.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Ag Res Sta, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 29 EP 29 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900115 ER PT J AU Brown, M Brown, H AF Brown, M. Brown, H., Jr. TI Genotype x environment interactions in Brahman, Angus, and reciprocal-cross cows and their calves SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Genotype x environment; beef cattle; forage C1 [Brown, M.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Brown, H., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 30 EP 30 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900116 ER PT J AU Herring, AD Cunningham, SF Cundiff, LV Chase, CC Sanders, JO Phillips, WA Baker, JF Holloway, JW Warrington, BG Coleman, SW AF Herring, A. D. Cunningham, S. F. Cundiff, L. V. Chase, C. C., Jr. Sanders, J. O. Phillips, W. A. Baker, J. F. Holloway, J. W. Warrington, B. G. Coleman, S. W. TI Varying differences between sexes in birth weight and weaning weight of calves sired by tropically adapted breeds at six diverse US locations SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE genotype x environment interaction; birth weight; weaning weight C1 [Herring, A. D.; Cunningham, S. F.; Sanders, J. O.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Cundiff, L. V.; Chase, C. C., Jr.; Phillips, W. A.; Baker, J. F.; Coleman, S. W.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Baker, J. F.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 30 EP 30 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900117 ER PT J AU Sanders, J Key, K Riley, D Lunt, D AF Sanders, J. Key, K. Riley, D. Lunt, D. TI Evaluation of heterosis retention for cow productivity traits in Bos indicus/Bos taurus crosses SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Riley, D.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 30 EP 31 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900119 ER PT J AU Flores, R Looper, ML Coffey, KP Coblentz, WK Rosenkrans, CF AF Flores, R. Looper, M. L. Coffey, K. P. Coblentz, W. K. Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr. TI Relationship of prepartum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in cows with birth weight, concentrations of IGF-I, and weaning weights of calves SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef cows; insulin-like growth factor-1; weaning weights C1 [Flores, R.; Coffey, K. P.; Coblentz, W. K.; Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Looper, M. L.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 31 EP 31 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900122 ER PT J AU Yasuda, K Roneker, KR Miller, DD Welch, RM Lei, XG AF Yasuda, K. Roneker, K. R. Miller, D. D. Welch, R. M. Lei, X. G. TI Effects of supplemental inulin on utilization of iron in corn-soy diet by young pigs for hemoglobin synthesis SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE inulin; iron; pigs C1 [Yasuda, K.; Roneker, K. R.; Miller, D. D.; Lei, X. G.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Welch, R. M.] USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 31 EP 31 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300118 ER PT J AU Looper, ML Burke, JM McBeth, LJ Krehbiel, CR Flores, R Rosenkrans, CF Aiken, GE AF Looper, M. L. Burke, J. M. McBeth, L. J. Krehbiel, C. R. Flores, R. Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr. Aiken, G. E. TI Effects of time of castration on growth, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of Angus and Charolais-sired calves SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef steers; castration; carcass characteristics C1 [Looper, M. L.; Burke, J. M.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [McBeth, L. J.; Krehbiel, C. R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Flores, R.; Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Aiken, G. E.] USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 32 EP 33 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900127 ER PT J AU Brown, EG Carstens, GE Slay, LJ Woods, SA Quinn, MJ McReynolds, JL Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ AF Brown, E. G. Carstens, G. E. Slay, L. J. Woods, S. A. Quinn, M. J. McReynolds, J. L. Anderson, R. C. Nisbet, D. J. TI Effects of nitroethane administration on methane production in growing steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE methane C1 [McReynolds, J. L.; Anderson, R. C.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 34 EP 34 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900133 ER PT J AU Casas, E Cundiff, LV AF Casas, E. Cundiff, L. V. TI Growth and carcass traits in crossbred cattle from Hereford, Angus, Norwegian Red, Swedish Red and White, Friesian, and Wagyu maternal grandsires SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef cattle; breeds; carcass composition C1 [Casas, E.; Cundiff, L. V.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 38 EP 38 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900148 ER PT J AU Cundiff, LV AF Cundiff, L. V. TI Reproduction and maternal performance of f1 cross females sired by hereford, angus, Norwegian red-swedish red and white, Friesian and wagytl sires SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef cattle; breeds; germplast C1 [Cundiff, L. V.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 39 EP 39 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900153 ER PT J AU Snowder, GD Cushman, RA Allan, MF Thallman, RM Echternkamp, SE AF Snowder, G. D. Cushman, R. A. Allan, M. F. Thallman, R. M. Echternkamp, S. E. TI Heritability estimate for bilateral ovulation in heifers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE reproduction; twinning; genetic C1 [Snowder, G. D.; Cushman, R. A.; Allan, M. F.; Thallman, R. M.; Echternkamp, S. E.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 39 EP 39 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900150 ER PT J AU Al-Seaf, A Hanford, KJ Keown, JF Van Vleck, LD AF Al-Seaf, A. Hanford, K. J. Keown, J. F. Van Vleck, L. D. TI Estimates of genetic parameters for yield traits and SCS for cows treated or not treated with Bovine somatotropin SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE heritability; milk yield; somatotropin C1 [Al-Seaf, A.; Hanford, K. J.; Keown, J. F.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Van Vleck, L. D.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 40 EP 40 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900156 ER PT J AU Barb, CR Richardson, RL Rekaya, R Kraeling, RR Hausman, GJ AF Barb, C. R. Richardson, R. L. Rekaya, R. Kraeling, R. R. Hausman, G. J. TI Ontogeny of hypothalamic gene expression during prepuberal development in the gilt SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pig; hypothalamus; gene expression C1 [Barb, C. R.; Richardson, R. L.; Kraeling, R. R.; Hausman, G. J.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Rekaya, R.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 40 EP 40 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300148 ER PT J AU Stroh, JD Vuorisalmi, MLM Cundiff, LV Van Vleck, LD AF Stroh, J. D. Vuorisalmi, M. L. M. Cundiff, L. V. Van Vleck, L. D. TI Indirect estimation of genetic trends for carcass traits in beef cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE breeds; carcass traits; genetic change C1 [Stroh, J. D.; Vuorisalmi, M. L. M.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Cundiff, L. V.; Van Vleck, L. D.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 40 EP 40 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900154 ER PT J AU Van Vleck, LD AF Van Vleck, L. D. TI Three designs for estimating variances due to competition genetic effects SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE competition effects; genetic variances; sampling errors C1 [Van Vleck, L. D.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 40 EP 40 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900155 ER PT J AU Freking, BA Leymaster, KA Christenson, RK Vallet, JL AF Freking, B. A. Leymaster, K. A. Christenson, R. K. Vallet, J. L. TI Prenatal mortality throughout gestation in lines of pigs selected for either ovulation rate or uterine capacity SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE fetal survival; pigs; uterine capacity C1 [Freking, B. A.; Leymaster, K. A.; Christenson, R. K.; Vallet, J. L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RI Freking, Brad/C-6494-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 41 EP 41 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900159 ER PT J AU Heaton, M AF Heaton, M. TI Bovine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their use in animal identification, parentage testing, and traceback SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE SNP; DNA markers; traceback C1 [Heaton, M.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 41 EP 41 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900160 ER PT J AU Nonneman, D Rohrer, GA Shackelford, SD Wheeler, TL Koohmaraie, M AF Nonneman, D. Rohrer, G. A. Shackelford, S. D. Wheeler, T. L. Koohmaraie, M. TI Lack of association of calpastatin haplotypes with heat quality in a Duroc-Landrace swine resource population SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE swine; calpastatin; association C1 [Nonneman, D.; Rohrer, G. A.; Shackelford, S. D.; Wheeler, T. L.; Koohmaraie, M.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 42 EP 43 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900167 ER PT J AU Ferrell, AD Allan, MF Pomp, D AF Ferrell, A. D. Allan, M. F. Pomp, D. TI Genetics of gene expression of the insulin signaling pathway in polygenic obesity SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE growth; transcriptome snapping; eQTL C1 [Ferrell, A. D.; Pomp, D.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Allan, M. F.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 44 EP 44 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900172 ER PT J AU Gamroth, M Swan, L AF Gamroth, M. Swan, L. TI Chemical and environmental treatment of whole tree juniper bedding to lower fecal coliform counts SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE bedding; mastitis; juniper C1 [Gamroth, M.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Swan, L.] US Forest Serv, Klamath Falls, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 44 EP 44 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300164 ER PT J AU Isler, BJ Freking, BA Heaton, MA Thallman, RM Leymaster, KA AF Isler, B. J. Freking, B. A. Heaton, M. A. Thallman, R. M. Leymaster, K. A. TI Effects of prion haplotype on growth and carcass trait in sheep SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE carcass traits; growth traits; priori C1 [Isler, B. J.; Freking, B. A.; Heaton, M. A.; Thallman, R. M.; Leymaster, K. A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RI Freking, Brad/C-6494-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 44 EP 45 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900175 ER PT J AU Mousel, M Nonneman, D Rohrer, G AF Mousel, M. Nonneman, D. Rohrer, G. TI A refined comparative map between porcine chromosome 3 and human chromosomes 2, 7 and 16 SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE swine; radiation hybrid mapping; ovulation rate C1 [Mousel, M.; Nonneman, D.; Rohrer, G.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 44 EP 44 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900174 ER PT J AU Whetsell, MS Rayburn, EB Neel, JPS Fontenot, JP Clapham, WM AF Whetsell, M. S. Rayburn, E. B. Neel, J. P. S. Fontenot, J. P. Clapham, W. M. TI Evaluating the prediction of dry matter intake and average daily gain in backgrounding cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beef cattle; computer model; perfomance C1 [Whetsell, M. S.; Rayburn, E. B.] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Neel, J. P. S.; Clapham, W. M.] USDA ARS, Apalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV USA. [Fontenot, J. P.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 49 EP 49 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300182 ER PT J AU Koch, JM Moritz, JS Lay, DC Wilson, ME AF Koch, J. M. Moritz, J. S. Lay, D. C., Jr. Wilson, M. E. TI Effect of melengestrol acetate (MGA) as an alternative to induce molting on egg quality SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE MGA; molting; egg quality C1 [Koch, J. M.; Moritz, J. S.; Wilson, M. E.] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Lay, D. C., Jr.] USDA ARS, LBRU, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 52 EP 53 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900208 ER PT J AU Kerr, BJ AF Kerr, B. J. TI Trials and tribulations utilizing supplemental amino acids in poultry and swine diets SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kerr, B. J.] USDA ARS, SOMMRU, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 61 EP 61 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900241 ER PT J AU Burke, J Apple, J AF Burke, J. Apple, J. TI Carcass traits of hair breed ram and wether lambs on moderate or high level of supplement SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE carcass traits; growth; hair sheep C1 [Burke, J.] USDA ARS, Booneville, AR USA. [Apple, J.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 63 EP 64 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300237 ER PT J AU Evoniuk, JM Berg, PT Johnson, ML Stoltenow, CL Schauer, CS O'Rourke, KI Redmer, DA AF Evoniuk, J. M. Berg, P. T. Johnson, M. L. Stoltenow, C. L. Schauer, C. S. O'Rourke, K. I. Redmer, D. A. TI Analysis of associations between genotypes at codon 171 and 136 of the prion protein gene and production traits in a survey of market lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE sheep scrapie; prion genotype; production C1 [Evoniuk, J. M.; Berg, P. T.; Johnson, M. L.; Stoltenow, C. L.; Schauer, C. S.; Redmer, D. A.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [O'Rourke, K. I.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, ADRU, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 65 EP 65 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300242 ER PT J AU Van Vleck, LD Cassady, JP AF Van Vleck, LD Cassady, JP TI Unexpected estimates of variance components with a true model containing genetic competition effects SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE genetic parameters; pen effects; restricted maximum likelihood; simulation AB Simulation of a model containing genetic competition effects was initiated to determine how well REML could untangle variances due to direct and competition genetic effects and pen effects. A two-generation data set was generated with six unrelated males that were each mated to five unrelated females to produce 300 progeny, from which 30 females (one per mating in previous generation) were mated to six unrelated males to produce 300 more progeny. Progeny were randomly assigned, six per pen, to 50 pens per generation. Parameters were V-g, V-c, C-gc, V-p, and V-e, representing direct and competition genetic variance with covariance, and pen and residual variance. Eight statistical models were used to analyze each of 400 replicates of 16 sets of parameters. Both V-g and V-e were fixed at 16.0. Values of C-gc were -2.0, -1.0, 0.1, 1.0, and 2.0. Values of V-c were 1.0 and 4.0, and values of V-p were 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0. With the full model, average estimates resembled true parameters, except that V-p was consistently overestimated when small (0.1 and 1.0), which in turn slightly changed other estimates. The most unexpected result was overestimation of V-p when V-c and C-gc were ignored. Overestimation depended on V-c and the number of competitors in common between records in a pen. Upward bias was somewhat greater when C-gc was positive than when it was negative. For example, with C-gc = 2, V-c = 4, and V-p = 0.1, the mean estimate of V-p was 20.4 when C-gc and V-c were dropped from the model and 15.3 when C-gc = -2.0. When V-p was ignored, estimates of both C-gc and V-c increased in proportion with V-p. Also V-g increased more with greater V-p. Another unexpected result occurred when pen was considered fixed. Empirical sampling standard errors of estimates of C-gc and V-c were decreased generally by factors of 2 to 30. Based on these results, we conclude a high estimate of pen variance may indicate genetic competition effects are important, and ignoring either the pen or competition effects will bias estimates of other components. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Van Vleck, LD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM lvanvleck@unlnotes.unl.edu NR 7 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 83 IS 1 BP 68 EP 74 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 881LT UT WOS:000225869700009 PM 15583044 ER PT J AU Hadsell, D Torres, D George, J AF Hadsell, D. Torres, D. George, J. TI Increased mammary gland oxidative damage and apoptosis during prolonged lactation in the mouse is little affected by overexpression of des(1-3)hIGF-I SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hadsell, D.; Torres, D.; George, J.] USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Hadsell, D.; Torres, D.; George, J.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 81 EP 81 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300304 ER PT J AU Cushman, RA Allan, MF Snowder, GD Thallman, RM Echternkamp, SE AF Cushman, R. A. Allan, M. F. Snowder, G. D. Thallman, R. M. Echternkamp, S. E. TI Evaluation of ovulation rate and ovarian phenotype in puberal heifers from a cattle population selected for multiple births SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE cattle; ovulation rate; ovarian phenotype C1 [Cushman, R. A.; Allan, M. F.; Snowder, G. D.; Thallman, R. M.; Echternkamp, S. E.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 86 EP 87 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900344 ER PT J AU Echternkamp, S Vonnahme, K Ford, S AF Echternkamp, S. Vonnahme, K. Ford, S. TI Comparison of circulating concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) between cows gestating single and twin calves SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE maternal VEGF; twins; cattle C1 [Echternkamp, S.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Vonnahme, K.; Ford, S.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 86 EP 86 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900343 ER PT J AU Vallet, JL Freking, BA Leymaster, KA Christenson, RK AF Vallet, J. L. Freking, B. A. Leymaster, K. A. Christenson, R. K. TI A 12 bp insertion/deletion (in/del) polymorphism in the secreted folate binding protein (sFBP) gene is associated with uterine capacity and ovulation rate in swine SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pregnancy; fetus; litter size C1 [Vallet, J. L.; Freking, B. A.; Leymaster, K. A.; Christenson, R. K.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RI Freking, Brad/C-6494-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 87 EP 87 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900345 ER PT J AU Li, CJ Elsasser, TH AF Li, CJ Elsasser, TH TI Butyrate-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in bovine kidney epithelial cells: Involvement of caspase and proteasome pathways SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; bovine kidney epithelial cell; butyrate; caspase-3; cell cycle; proteasome ID CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; DNA-REPLICATION; HISTONE DEACETYLASE; IN-VITRO; UBIQUITIN; PROTEIN; CHROMATIN; COLON; DESTRUCTION; PROTEOLYSIS AB Beyond their nutritional effect, short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, modulate cell differentiation, proliferation, motility, and in particular, they induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. A bovine kidney epithelial cell line (Madin-Darby bovine kidney; MDBK) was used to investigate the cell cycle regulatory and apoptotic effects of butyrate. Butyrate not only induced apoptosis but also induced cell cycle arrest at the G1/S boundary and M/G2 in MDBK cells (P < 0.01). The cell responses were concentration-dependent (r(2) = 0.9482, P < 0.001). In examining possible mechanisms for the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induced by butyrate, the results showed that butyrate treatment activates caspase-3 activities and induces accumulation of acetylated histone. At least two proteins, cdc6 and cdk1, become targeted for destruction on butyrate treatment. These two proteins are downregulated (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) by proteolytic pathways. Moreover, the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 (carbobenzoxy-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal) reverses the cell cycle arrest induced by butyrate, indicating a multiprotein crosstalk wherein the ubiquitination/proteasome pathway interacted with the caspase-signaling pathway. Because the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 blocked activation of caspase-3, these results functionally locate the proteasome pathway upstream of the caspase pathway. All these results indicate that butyrate functions as both a nutrient and signaling molecule regulating cell growth and proliferation. C1 USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Li, CJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Growth Biol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 200,Room 209,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM cli@anri.barc.usda.gov NR 35 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 83 IS 1 BP 89 EP 97 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 881LT UT WOS:000225869700012 PM 15583047 ER PT J AU Archibeque, SL Freetly, HC Ferrell, CL AF Archibeque, S. L. Freetly, H. C. Ferrell, C. L. TI Metabolite fluxes across splanchnic tissues in response to varying dietary protein in mature ewes consuming low quality forage SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ewes; protein; nutrient flux C1 [Archibeque, S. L.; Freetly, H. C.; Ferrell, C. L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 90 EP 90 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900359 ER PT J AU Freetly, HC Ferrell, CL Jenkins, TG AF Freetly, H. C. Ferrell, C. L. Jenkins, T. G. TI Moderately altering weight gain patterns of second parity cows through nutrition changes the tithe that feed resources are offered without any differences in production SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE nutrition; pregnancy; lactation C1 [Freetly, H. C.; Ferrell, C. L.; Jenkins, T. G.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 90 EP 91 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900360 ER PT J AU Peterson, AB Baldwin, RL Kohn, RA AF Peterson, A. B. Baldwin, R. L. Kohn, R. A. TI Effect of ruminally degraded protein source on production performance in Holstein cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE rumen degraded protein; milk yield; amino acid C1 [Peterson, A. B.; Kohn, R. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Baldwin, R. L.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 99 EP 99 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300370 ER PT J AU Johnson, ML Evoniuk, JM Stoltenow, CL O'Rourke, KI Redmer, DA AF Johnson, M. L. Evoniuk, J. M. Stoltenow, C. L. O'Rourke, K. I. Redmer, D. A. TI Development of an assay to determine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the prion gene for the diagnosis of genetic susceptibility to scrapie in sheep SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE scrapie; genotype; prion C1 [Johnson, M. L.; Evoniuk, J. M.; Stoltenow, C. L.; Redmer, D. A.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [O'Rourke, K. I.] ARS, USDA, ADRU, Pullman, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 101 EP 101 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900400 ER PT J AU Cole, J Southey, B Franke, D Leighton, E AF Cole, J. Southey, B. Franke, D. Leighton, E. TI Discrete time survival analysis of longevity in a colony of dog guides SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE dog; heritability; longevity C1 [Cole, J.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Southey, B.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Franke, D.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Leighton, E.] Seeing Eye Inc, Morristown, NJ USA. RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014 OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 103 EP 103 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300387 ER PT J AU Edrington, T Martinez, C Ross, T Callaway, T Genovese, K Anderson, R Nisbet, D AF Edrington, T. Martinez, C. Ross, T. Callaway, T. Genovese, K. Anderson, R. Nisbet, D. TI Salmonella persistence on a Southwestern United States dairy SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; dairy cattle C1 [Edrington, T.; Callaway, T.; Genovese, K.; Anderson, R.; Nisbet, D.] USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Martinez, C.; Ross, T.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 103 EP 103 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900409 ER PT J AU Borowicz, P Ward, N Caton, J Soto-Navarro, SA Redmer, D Taylor, J Reynolds, L AF Borowicz, P. Ward, N. Caton, J. Soto-Navarro, S. A. Redmer, D. Taylor, J. Reynolds, L. TI Effects of supernutritional levels of Selenium (Se) on vascular density and cell proliferation in the sheep placenta SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE selenium; placenta; vascularity C1 [Borowicz, P.; Ward, N.; Caton, J.; Redmer, D.; Reynolds, L.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Soto-Navarro, S. A.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Taylor, J.] USDA ARS, Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 104 EP 104 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900414 ER PT J AU Thallman, RM Cundiff, LV Bennett, GL AF Thallman, R. M. Cundiff, L. V. Bennett, G. L. TI Experimental design for estimation of breed, heterosis, and QTL effects in cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE breed evaluation; heterosis; QTL C1 [Thallman, R. M.; Cundiff, L. V.; Bennett, G. L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 104 EP 104 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300391 ER PT J AU Stellflug, J Cockett, N Lewis, G AF Stellflug, J. Cockett, N. Lewis, G. TI Relationship between sexual behavior classifications of rams and lambs sired in a competitive breeding environment SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE competitive mating; paternal typing; sexual behavior C1 [Stellflug, J.; Lewis, G.] USDA ARS, Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 84322 USA. [Cockett, N.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 105 EP 105 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900418 ER PT J AU Datta, N Tomasula, P Call, J Luchansky, J AF Datta, N. Tomasula, P. Call, J. Luchansky, J. TI Tangential microfiltration of skim milk for removal of Bacillus anthracis spores SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Bacillus anthracis; microfiltration; milk C1 [Datta, N.] Univ Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. [Tomasula, P.; Call, J.; Luchansky, J.] USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 108 EP 108 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300404 ER PT J AU Julius, SL Caton, JS Ward, MA Soto-Navarro, SA Redmer, DA Vonnahme, KA Borowicz, PP Taylor, JB Reynolds, LP AF Julius, S. L. Caton, J. S. Ward, M. A. Soto-Navarro, S. A. Redmer, D. A. Vonnahme, K. A. Borowicz, P. P. Taylor, J. B. Reynolds, L. P. TI Effect of level and source of selenium on growth and cellular proliferation of maternal jejunal tissue in growing pregnant ewe lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE sheep; selenium; intestinal growth C1 [Julius, S. L.; Caton, J. S.; Ward, M. A.; Redmer, D. A.; Vonnahme, K. A.; Borowicz, P. P.; Reynolds, L. P.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Taylor, J. B.] USDA ARS, Sheep Expt Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Soto-Navarro, S. A.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RI Reynolds, Lawrence/I-5267-2015 OI Reynolds, Lawrence/0000-0002-6838-7809 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 108 EP 109 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900430 ER PT J AU Obeidat, BS Loest, CA Thelen, TM Strickland, JR Sawyer, JE Taylor, JB Hallford, DM AF Obeidat, B. S. Loest, C. A. Thelen, T. M. Strickland, J. R. Sawyer, J. E. Taylor, J. B. Hallford, D. M. TI Effects of various exposure routes of swainsonine on serum constituents, rumen characteristics, and nutrient metabolism of sheep SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE swainsonine; nutrient metabolism; wethers C1 [Obeidat, B. S.; Loest, C. A.; Thelen, T. M.; Hallford, D. M.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Strickland, J. R.] Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Sawyer, J. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Taylor, J. B.] USDA ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 110 EP 110 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900435 ER PT J AU Bowman, JGP Kincheloe, JJ Surber, LMM Grove, AV Raboy, V Dorsch, JA Blake, TK AF Bowman, J. G. P. Kincheloe, J. J. Surber, L. M. M. Grove, A. V. Raboy, V. Dorsch, J. A. Blake, T. K. TI Phytic acid levels in barley for beef cattle finishing diets SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE phosphorus; barley; ruminants C1 [Bowman, J. G. P.; Kincheloe, J. J.; Surber, L. M. M.; Grove, A. V.; Blake, T. K.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Raboy, V.; Dorsch, J. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 111 EP 112 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900441 ER PT J AU Ward, M Caton, J Taylor, J Reed, I Borowicz, P Grazul-Bilska, A Vonnahme, K Redmer, D Reynolds, L AF Ward, M. Caton, J. Taylor, J. Reed, I. Borowicz, P. Grazul-Bilska, A. Vonnahme, K. Redmer, D. Reynolds, L. TI Effects of nutrient restriction and dietary Se on growth and estimates of cellularity in jejunal, placental, and mammary tissues in pregnant ewe lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE nutrient restriction; pregnancy; selenium C1 [Ward, M.; Caton, J.; Reed, I.; Borowicz, P.; Grazul-Bilska, A.; Vonnahme, K.; Redmer, D.; Reynolds, L.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Taylor, J.] USDA ARS, Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 111 EP 111 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900440 ER PT J AU MacNeil, M Herring, W AF MacNeil, M. Herring, W. TI Economic evaluation of genetic differences among Angus bulls SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE breeding objective; selection index; beef cattle C1 [MacNeil, M.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT USA. [Herring, W.] Smithfield Premium Genet, Roanoke Rapids, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900450 ER PT J AU Bohnert, DW Angell, RF Torell, RC AF Bohnert, D. W. Angell, R. F. Torell, R. C. TI A survey of cow-calf producers in Oregon and Nevada-production practices SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE cow; management; west C1 [Bohnert, D. W.] Oregon State Univ, Burns, OR USA. [Angell, R. F.] ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Burns, OR USA. [Torell, R. C.] Univ Nevada, Elko, NV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 116 EP 116 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900459 ER PT J AU Grings, EE Roberts, AJ Geary, TW AF Grings, E. E. Roberts, A. J. Geary, T. W. TI Milk yield of beef heifers from three calving systems SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE milk yeld; calving date; beef cows C1 [Grings, E. E.; Roberts, A. J.; Geary, T. W.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 116 EP 116 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900457 ER PT J AU Flores, R May, J Nihsen, M Looper, M May, K Hallford, D Rosenkrans, C AF Flores, R. May, J. Nihsen, M. Looper, M. May, K. Hallford, D. Rosenkrans, C., Jr. TI Relationships between serum metabolites at feedlot entry and subsequent carcass characteristics in Brangus-crossbred calves SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE lactate dehydrogenase; carcass quality; cattle C1 [Flores, R.; May, J.; Nihsen, M.; Rosenkrans, C., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Looper, M.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. [May, K.] Caldwell Farms, Rosebud, AR USA. [Hallford, D.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 117 EP 117 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900462 ER PT J AU Rosenkrans, C Nihsen, M Flores, R Yazwinski, T Kreider, D Coffey, K Coblentz, W West, C Looper, M Schrick, N AF Rosenkrans, C., Jr. Nihsen, M. Flores, R. Yazwinski, T. Kreider, D. Coffey, K. Coblentz, W. West, C. Looper, M. Schrick, N. TI Effects of forage cultivar and anthelmintic on steer responses to immune challenge SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE tall fescue; calves; anthelmintic C1 [Rosenkrans, C., Jr.; Nihsen, M.; Flores, R.; Yazwinski, T.; Kreider, D.; Coffey, K.; Coblentz, W.; West, C.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Looper, M.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. [Schrick, N.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 117 EP 117 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900463 ER PT J AU Frank, J Escobar, J Suryawan, A Liu, C Nguyen, H Davis, T Wu, G AF Frank, J. Escobar, J. Suryawan, A. Liu, C. Nguyen, H. Davis, T. Wu, G. TI Effect of oral N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) supplementation on growth and tissue protein synthesis in piglets SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pigs; N-carbamylglutamate; protein synthesis C1 [Frank, J.; Escobar, J.; Suryawan, A.; Liu, C.; Nguyen, H.; Davis, T.] USDA ARS, CNRC, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Wu, G.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 118 EP 118 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300437 ER PT J AU Capuco, AV Connor, EE Wood, DL AF Capuco, A. V. Connor, E. E. Wood, D. L. TI Transcriptional regulation of mammary gland sensitivity to thyroid hormones during the transition from pregnancy to lactation SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE mammary gland; iodothyronine deiodinase; thyroid hormone receptor C1 [Capuco, A. V.; Connor, E. E.; Wood, D. L.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 120 EP 120 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300447 ER PT J AU Looper, ML Edrington, TS Rosenkrans, CF Burke, JM Flores, R Callaway, TR Aiken, GE AF Looper, M. L. Edrington, T. S. Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr. Burke, J. M. Flores, R. Callaway, T. R. Aiken, G. E. TI Effects of feeding endophyte-infected tall fescue seed to sheep experimentally infected with Escherichia coli O157 : H7 SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Escherichia coli O157 : H7; tall fescue; sheep C1 [Looper, M. L.; Burke, J. M.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. [Edrington, T. S.; Callaway, T. R.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr.; Flores, R.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Aiken, G. E.] ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 120 EP 121 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900475 ER PT J AU Edrington, T Genovese, K Schultz, C Callaway, T McReynolds, J Anderson, R Nisbet, D AF Edrington, T. Genovese, K. Schultz, C. Callaway, T. McReynolds, J. Anderson, R. Nisbet, D. TI Effects of feed intake, stress or exogenous hormones on Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis in pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE salmonella; pigs; stress C1 [Edrington, T.; Genovese, K.; Schultz, C.; Callaway, T.; McReynolds, J.; Anderson, R.; Nisbet, D.] USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 121 EP 121 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900478 ER PT J AU Weston, TR Olson, RA Nayigihugu, V Lake, SL Derner, JD Schuman, GE Hess, BW AF Weston, T. R. Olson, R. A. Nayigihugu, V. Lake, S. L. Derner, J. D. Schuman, G. E. Hess, B. W. TI Characteristics and potential nutritive value of sagebrush-grassland vegetation collected from sites continuously grazed, rested for one year and one year post-disturbance SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE iridescence; bovine; fresh meat C1 [Weston, T. R.; Nayigihugu, V.; Lake, S. L.; Hess, B. W.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Olson, R. A.] Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY USA. [Derner, J. D.; Schuman, G. E.] USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 121 EP 122 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900477 ER PT J AU Fetrow, J Nordlund, K Norman, D AF Fetrow, J. Nordlund, K. Norman, D. TI Culling: nomenclature, definitions and some observations. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE dairy; culling C1 [Fetrow, J.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Nordlund, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Norman, D.] USDA, AIPL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 122 EP 122 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300455 ER PT J AU Nonnan, HD Hare, E AF Nonnan, H. D. Hare, E. TI Historical examination of culling of dairy cows from herds in the United States. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE culling; herd life; survival C1 [Nonnan, H. D.; Hare, E.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 122 EP 122 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300453 ER PT J AU Standley, T Paterson, J Skinner, K Rainey, B Roberts, A Geary, T Smith, G White, R AF Standley, T. Paterson, J. Skinner, K. Rainey, B. Roberts, A. Geary, T. Smith, G. White, R. TI Vaccination of gestating beef cows with an experimental E. coli O157 : H7 vaccine to determine if antibody transfer occurred in the new born calf SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE E. coli; O157 : H7; cattle; immunity C1 [Standley, T.; Paterson, J.; Skinner, K.; Rainey, B.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Roberts, A.; Geary, T.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT USA. [Smith, G.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 122 EP 122 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900481 ER PT J AU Firkins, JL Hristov, AN Hall, MB Varga, GA AF Firkins, J. L. Hristov, A. N. Hall, M. B. Varga, G. A. TI Integration of ruminal metabolism in dairy cattle. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE ruminal metabolism; microbial protein synthesis; models C1 [Firkins, J. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hristov, A. N.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Hall, M. B.] USDA, Madison, WI USA. [Varga, G. A.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300461 ER PT J AU Thelen, TM Loest, CA Wang, S Lewis, GS Taylor, JB AF Thelen, T. M. Loest, C. A. Wang, S. Lewis, G. S. Taylor, J. B. TI Supplemental methionine and uterine infection alters essential amino acid metabolism in nulliparous ewes SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE essential AA; splanchnic flux; ewes C1 [Thelen, T. M.; Loest, C. A.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Wang, S.; Lewis, G. S.; Taylor, J. B.] USDA ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900489 ER PT J AU Tyrrell, H Cummins, K AF Tyrrell, H. Cummins, K. TI Metabolic relationships in supply of nutrients in lactating cows. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE lactation; efficiency; nutrients C1 [Tyrrell, H.] USDA, CSREES, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Cummins, K.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300460 ER PT J AU Geary, T Ansotegui, R Roberts, A Waterman, R MacNeil, M Grings, E Thompson, B Lipsey, R AF Geary, T. Ansotegui, R. Roberts, A. Waterman, R. MacNeil, M. Grings, E. Thompson, B. Lipsey, R. TI Effects of Flunixin meglumine on pregnancy establishment in beef cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pregnancy establishment; cattle; flunixin meglumine C1 [Geary, T.; Roberts, A.; Waterman, R.; MacNeil, M.; Grings, E.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT USA. [Ansotegui, R.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Thompson, B.] USDA APHIS, Billings, MT USA. [Lipsey, R.] Amer Simmental Assoc, Bozeman, MT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 125 EP 125 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900491 ER PT J AU Roberts, AJ Grings, EE MacNeil, MD Geary, TW Paisley, SI AF Roberts, A. J. Grings, E. E. MacNeil, M. D. Geary, T. W. Paisley, S. I. TI Associations of growth and carcass traits with attainment of puberty in heifers fed at two levels SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE heifer; puberty; efficiency C1 [Roberts, A. J.; Grings, E. E.; MacNeil, M. D.; Geary, T. W.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT USA. [Paisley, S. I.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 126 EP 126 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900496 ER PT J AU Ward, M Caton, J Taylor, J Hallford, D Reed, J Borowicz, P Vonnahme, K Redmer, D Reynolds, L AF Ward, M. Caton, J. Taylor, J. Hallford, D. Reed, J. Borowicz, P. Vonnahme, K. Redmer, D. Reynolds, L. TI Effects of nutrient restriction and dietary selenium (Se) on maternal and fetal metabolic hormones in pregnant ewe lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE nutrient restriction; pregnancy; selenium C1 [Ward, M.; Caton, J.; Reed, J.; Borowicz, P.; Vonnahme, K.; Redmer, D.; Reynolds, L.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Taylor, J.] USDA ARS, Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID USA. [Hallford, D.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 128 EP 129 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900504 ER PT J AU Ward, M Caton, J Taylor, J Soto-Navarro, S Vonnahme, K Reed, J Redmer, D Reynolds, L AF Ward, M. Caton, J. Taylor, J. Soto-Navarro, S. Vonnahme, K. Reed, J. Redmer, D. Reynolds, L. TI Effect of level and source of dietary selenium (Se) on maternal and fetal tissue Se concentrations of pregnant ewe lambs during late gestation SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pregnancy; selenium; sheep C1 [Ward, M.; Caton, J.; Vonnahme, K.; Reed, J.; Redmer, D.; Reynolds, L.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Taylor, J.] USDA ARS, Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID USA. [Soto-Navarro, S.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 128 EP 128 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900503 ER PT J AU Ward, M Caton, J Taylor, J Reed, J Borowicz, P Vonnahme, K Kapphahn, M Freeberg, K Redmer, D Reynolds, L AF Ward, M. Caton, J. Taylor, J. Reed, J. Borowicz, P. Vonnahme, K. Kapphahn, M. Freeberg, K. Redmer, D. Reynolds, L. TI Effects of nutrient restriction and dietary selenium (Se) on Se concentrations in maternal and fetal tissues of pregnant ewe lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE nutrition restriction; pregnancy; selenium C1 [Ward, M.; Caton, J.; Reed, J.; Borowicz, P.; Vonnahme, K.; Kapphahn, M.; Freeberg, K.; Redmer, D.; Reynolds, L.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Taylor, J.] USDA ARS, Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 2 BP 129 EP 129 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V50KT UT WOS:000203407900506 ER PT J AU Yen, HW Ford, JJ Zimmerman, DR Johnson, RK AF Yen, HW Ford, JJ Zimmerman, DR Johnson, RK TI Follicular development and maturation in gilts selected for an index of high ovulation rate and high prenatal survival SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE corpora lutea; estrogen; follicles; ovary; selection ID PROLACTIN SECRETION; ESTROUS-CYCLE; LITTER SIZE; WEANED SOW; SWINE; GONADOTROPINS; COMPONENTS; HORMONES; MEISHAN AB Seventy-one 10th-generation gilts from White Line-1 (WL-1 = randomly selected control line) and White Line-2 (WL-2 = selected for an index of ovulation rate and prenatal survival rate) were used to compare the pattern of follicular development and atresia during the follicular phase of the estrous cycle. Gilts were treated with PGF(2alpha) on d 13 of the estrous cycle (d 0 of induced follicular development) to induce luteolysis and assigned randomly within line and sire for ovary recovery on d 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, and the day after estrus. Ovaries were evaluated for numbers of corpora albicantia and small (2 to 2.9 mm), medium (M1 = 3 to 4.9 mm; M2 = 5 to 6.9 mm), and large (greater than or equal to7 mm) follicles. The concentration of estradiol-17beta in follicular fluid was used to classify individual M2 and large follicles as estrogen-active (greater than or equal to100 ng of estradiol-17beta/mL) or inactive (<100 ng of estradiol-17beta/mL). The WL-2 gilts had a greater ovulation rate than WL-1 gilts at their pretreatment estrus (20.4 vs. 13.8 corpora albicantia; P < 0.001). The small and M1 follicle populations decreased rapidly in both lines over time (P < 0.001). The M2 follicle population increased in both lines between d 0 to 4 and then decreased. Mean estradiol concentration of M2 follicles increased in both genetic lines over time (P < 0.02). All large follicles were estrogen-active in both lines; the number of large follicles increased with day (P < 0.001) and was similar in both lines. The number of estrogen-active M2 follicles was similar in both lines, increasing to d 3 and 4 and then decreasing (P < 0.01) thereafter. However, the total number of estrogen-active follicles (sum of estrogen-active M2 and large follicles) was greater in WL-2 than in WL-1 gilts (P < 0.04), increasing to the ovulatory potential by d 3 in WL-1 gilts, but continuing to increase through d 4 in WL-2 gilts. Selection of an additional six ovulatory follicles from the estrogen-active M2 follicle pool after d 5 was required in both lines to achieve the projected ovulation rate, and after estrus, the number of large follicles remained insufficient to attain the ovulatory potential of each line. C1 USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Ford, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, POB 166,State Spur 18 D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM ford@email.marc.usda.gov NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 83 IS 1 BP 130 EP 135 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 881LT UT WOS:000225869700017 PM 15583052 ER PT J AU Li, C Murdoch, B Wang, Z Mckay, S Williams, J Stone, R Hennig, S Moore, S AF Li, C. Murdoch, B. Wang, Z. Mckay, S. Williams, J. Stone, R. Hennig, S. Moore, S. TI Massive verification and mapping of SNP in cattle using the Illumina (R) BeadStation 500G genotyping system SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE single nucleotide polymorphisms; verification; mapping C1 [Li, C.; Murdoch, B.; Wang, Z.; Mckay, S.; Moore, S.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Williams, J.] Roslin Inst, Roslin EH25 9PS, Midlothian, Scotland. [Stone, R.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Hennig, S.] Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, Berlin, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 136 EP 136 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300504 ER PT J AU Blackburn, H Welsh, C Stewart, T AF Blackburn, H. Welsh, C. Stewart, T. TI Within breed selection of boars for a gene bank SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE genetic conservation; swine C1 [Blackburn, H.; Welsh, C.] USDA ARS, NAGP, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Stewart, T.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 138 EP 138 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300511 ER PT J AU Kuhn, M Hutchison, J Van Tassell, C AF Kuhn, M. Hutchison, J. Van Tassell, C. TI Effects of complex vertebral malformation gene on production and reproduction SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE complex vertebral malformation C1 [Kuhn, M.; Hutchison, J.; Van Tassell, C.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Van Tassell, Curtis/A-7544-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 140 EP 140 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300520 ER PT J AU Norman, HD Hutchison, JL Kuhn, MT Wright, JR Hare, E AF Norman, H. D. Hutchison, J. L. Kuhn, M. T. Wright, J. R. Hare, E. TI Selection intensity for yield traits, somatic cell score, and days open when culling dairy cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE culling; selection; yield C1 [Norman, H. D.; Hutchison, J. L.; Kuhn, M. T.; Wright, J. R.; Hare, E.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 140 EP 140 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300519 ER PT J AU Grings, E Waterman, R AF Grings, E. Waterman, R. TI Inoculum source effects on in vitro gas production of forages SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE gas production; forage; digestion C1 [Grings, E.; Waterman, R.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 148 EP 148 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300552 ER PT J AU Rayburn, E Shockey, W Hatton, J O'Doherty, B AF Rayburn, E. Shockey, W. Hatton, J. O'Doherty, B. TI Effect of dry versus plastic wrapped hay on concentration of crude protein and digestible dry matter in large round baled hay SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE forage; hay; large round bales C1 [Rayburn, E.; Shockey, W.] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Hatton, J.] USDA, NRCS, Kingwood, WV USA. [O'Doherty, B.] WVCA, Morgantown, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 150 EP 151 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300562 ER PT J AU Barrera-Compean, MH Purdy, PH Dzakuma, JM Newton, GR Nuti, LC AF Barrera-Compean, M. H. Purdy, P. H. Dzakuma, J. M. Newton, G. R. Nuti, L. C. TI Cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin improves post-thaw goat sperm motility SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE goat sperm; cryopreservation; cholesterol-loaded-cyclodextrin C1 [Barrera-Compean, M. H.; Dzakuma, J. M.; Newton, G. R.; Nuti, L. C.] Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX USA. [Purdy, P. H.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 153 EP 153 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300572 ER PT J AU Mitchell, A Scholz, A Pursel, V AF Mitchell, A. Scholz, A. Pursel, V. TI Prediction of total and regional carcass lean content by DXA cross-sectional analysis of pork carcasses SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE carcass composition; DXA; swine C1 [Mitchell, A.; Pursel, V.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Scholz, A.] Univ Munich, Oberschleissheim, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 157 EP 157 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300585 ER PT J AU Connor, EE Laiakis, EC Fernandes, VM Williams, JL Capuco, AV AF Connor, E. E. Laiakis, E. C. Fernandes, V. M. Williams, J. L. Capuco, A. V. TI Sequencing, chromosomal mapping and expression of the bovine deiodinase type II (DIO2) and deiodinase type III (DIO3) genes SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE deiodinase; thyroid hormone; gene mapping C1 [Connor, E. E.; Laiakis, E. C.; Fernandes, V. M.; Capuco, A. V.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bovine Funct Gen Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Williams, J. L.] Roslin Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 167 EP 168 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300626 ER PT J AU Hart, HA Azain, MJ Hausman, GJ Reeves, DE Barb, CR AF Hart, H. A. Azain, M. J. Hausman, G. J. Reeves, D. E. Barb, C. R. TI Failure of short term feed restriction to effect leptin secretion and subcutaneous adipose tissue expression of leptin or long form leptin receptor (Ob-r) in the prepuberal gilt SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pig; feed restriction; leptin C1 [Hart, H. A.; Azain, M. J.; Reeves, D. E.; Barb, C. R.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hausman, G. J.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 167 EP 167 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300625 ER PT J AU Cooke, R Qiu, X Pereira, E Marquezini, G Vendramini, J Chase, C Coleman, S Arthington, J AF Cooke, R. Qiu, X. Pereira, E. Marquezini, G. Vendramini, J. Chase, C. Coleman, S. Arthington, J. TI Effects of pre-weaning management on performance beef steers during a 30-d feedlot receiving period SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE weaning; beef; feedlot C1 [Cooke, R.; Qiu, X.; Vendramini, J.; Arthington, J.] Univ Florida, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr, Ona, FL USA. [Chase, C.; Coleman, S.] USDA ARS, Brooksville, FL USA. [Pereira, E.; Marquezini, G.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 172 EP 172 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300644 ER PT J AU Qiu, X Cooke, R Pereira, E Marquezini, G Vendramini, J Chase, C Coleman, S Arthington, J AF Qiu, X. Cooke, R. Pereira, E. Marquezini, G. Vendramini, J. Chase, C. Coleman, S. Arthington, J. TI Effects of pre-weaning management on the acute phase protein response of transported beef steers during a 30-d feedlot receiving period SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE weaning; stress; beef C1 [Qiu, X.; Cooke, R.; Vendramini, J.; Arthington, J.] Univ Florida, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr, Ona, FL USA. [Chase, C.; Coleman, S.] USDA ARS, Brooksville, FL USA. [Pereira, E.; Marquezini, G.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 172 EP 173 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300645 ER PT J AU Wheeler, TL Cundiff, LV Shackelford, SD Koohmaraie, M AF Wheeler, TL Cundiff, LV Shackelford, SD Koohmaraie, M TI Characterization of biological types of cattle (Cycle VII): Carcass, yield, and longissimus palatability traits SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef; breeds; carcass; palatability; quality; tenderness ID BEEF-PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; RETAINED HETEROSIS; MEAT TRAITS; QUALITY; STEERS; BREED; EFFICIENCY; HERITABILITIES; PARAMETERS AB The objective of this experiment was to provide a current evaluation of the seven most prominent beef breeds in the United States and to determine the relative changes that have occurred in these breeds since they were evaluated with samples of sires born 25 to 30 yr earlier. Carcass (n = 649), yield (n = 569), and longissimus thoracis palatability (n = 569) traits from F-1 steers obtained from mating Hereford, Angus, and MARC III cows to Hereford (H), Angus (A), Red Angus (RA), Charolais (C), Limousin (L), Simmental (S), or Gelbvieh (G) sires were compared. Data were adjusted to constant age (445 d), carcass weight (363 kg), fat thickness (1.1 cm), fat trim percent (25%), and marbling (Small(35)) endpoints. For Warner-Bratzler shear force and trained sensory panel traits, data were obtained on LM from steaks stored at 2 C for 14 d postmortem. The following comparisons were from the age-constant endpoint. Carcasses from L-, G-, and H-sired steers (361, 363, and 364 kg, respectively) were lighter (P < 0.05) than carcasses from steers from all other sire breeds. Adjusted fat thickness for carcasses from A-, RA-, and H-sired steers (1.5, 1.4, and 1.3 cm, respectively) was higher (P < 0.05) than for carcasses from steers from all other sire breeds (0.9 cm). Longissimus muscle areas were largest (P < 0.05) for carcasses from L-, C-, S-, and G-sired steers (89.9, 88.7, 87.6, and 86.5 cm(2), respectively) and smallest for carcasses from H- and RA-sired steers (79.5 and 78.4 cm(2)). A greater (P < 0.05) percentage of carcasses from RA- and A-sired steers graded USDA Choice (90 and 88%, respectively) than from carcasses from other sire breeds (57 to 66%). Carcass yield of boneless, totally trimmed retail product was least (P < 0.05) for RA- and A-sired steers (59.1 and 59.2%, respectively) and greatest (P < 0.05) for G-, L-, C-, and S-sired steers (63.0 to 63.8%). Longissimus muscle from carcasses of A-sired steers (4.0 kg) had lower (P < 0.05) Warner-Bratzler shear force values than LM from carcasses of G- and C-sired steers (4.5 to 4.3 kg, respectively). Trained sensory panel tenderness and beef flavor intensity ratings for LM did not differ (P < 0.05) among the sire breeds. Continental European breeds (C, L, S, and G) were still leaner, more heavily muscled, and had higher-yielding carcasses than did British breeds (H, A, and RA), with less marbling than A or RA, although British breeds have caught up in growth rate. C1 USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Wheeler, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM wheeler@email.marc.usda.gov RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 NR 28 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 83 IS 1 BP 196 EP 207 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 881LT UT WOS:000225869700025 PM 15583060 ER PT J AU Waldron, MR Nonnecke, BJ Horst, RL Kulick, AE Overton, TR AF Waldron, M. R. Nonnecke, B. J. Horst, R. L. Kulick, A. E. Overton, T. R. TI Acute experimental mastitis perturbs plasma macromineral and alpha-tocopherol concentrations in early-lactation dairy cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE mastitis; minerals; vitamins C1 [Waldron, M. R.; Kulick, A. E.; Overton, T. R.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Nonnecke, B. J.; Horst, R. L.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 198 EP 198 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300735 ER PT J AU Ragan, VE AF Ragan, V. E. TI National animal identification: An update SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE livestock; disease; identification C1 [Ragan, V. E.] USDA, APHIS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 200 EP 200 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300743 ER PT J AU Sonstegard, TS Van Tassell, CP Li, R AF Sonstegard, T. S. Van Tassell, C. P. Li, R. TI Characterization of FEZL effects on SCS in a sample of North American Holsteins SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE quantitative trait nucleotide; somatic cell score; cattle C1 [Sonstegard, T. S.; Van Tassell, C. P.; Li, R.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 201 EP 201 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990300748 ER PT J AU Heo, J Kattesh, HG Roberts, MP Morrow, JL Dailey, JW Saxton, AM AF Heo, J Kattesh, HG Roberts, MP Morrow, JL Dailey, JW Saxton, AM TI Hepatic corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) messenger RNA expression and plasma CBG concentrations in young pigs in response to heat and social stress SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE behavior; corticosteroid-binding globulin; cortisol; heat stress; pig; social stress ID FREE CORTISOL INDEX; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SALIVARY CORTISOL; POSTNATAL PIGS; FEEDING LEVEL; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR; SERUM; PIGLETS; IMMUNE AB Plasma cortisol, porcine corticosteroid-binding globulin (pCBG), hepatic CBG expression, and other physiological and behavioral measures of stress were studied in pigs in response to elevated temperature in conjunction with establishing a social hierarchy. Twenty-four crossbred pigs were weaned at 25 d of age (three or six pigs from six sows) and housed in littermate groups at 23 +/- 2degreesC. At 57 d of age (d 0), animals were weighed and placed under general anesthesia for collection of blood (10 mL) and liver (approximately 100 mg) samples. On d 1, three unacquainted pigs of similar BW (23 +/- 1 kg) from different litters were allotted to each of eight nursery pens within two environmentally controlled rooms (12 pigs per room). From d 1 to 7, one room was maintained at 23 +/- 2degreesC (CON) and the other at 33 +/- 2degreesC (HEAT). Both rooms were kept at 23 +/- 2degreesC from d 8 to 14. Animals were videotaped for 72 h beginning on d 1 and 8 to document behavioral changes in response to room temperature. The social hierarchy of pigs within each pen was based on fight activity recorded on d 1 to 3. Blood and liver tissue were collected again on d 7 and 14. The ADG for HEAT pigs increased (P < 0.05) over d 8 to 14 compared with d 1 to 7. In contrast to CON pigs, HEAT pigs displayed increased (P < 0.01) drinking but decreased feeding and lying in contact with other pigs from d 1 to 3, and similar drinking and feeding but increased (P < 0.01) lying with contact behaviors from d 8 to 10. With the exception of subordinate pigs exhibiting less (P < 0.05) frequent standing/walking behavior than the dominant or intermediate pigs on d 1 to 3, frequency of behaviors for both recorded time periods did not differ among pigs due to social status, regardless of treatment. The concentration of plasma haptoglobin in HEAT pigs on d 7 compared with d 0 increased (467 vs. 763 mg/L; P < 0.05), whereas cortisol and pCBG decreased (274 vs. 235 nmol/L and 11.4 vs. 9.9 mg/L, respectively; P < 0.05) as a result of treatment. The free cortisol index (total cortisol/pCBG) was greater (P < 0.05) in HEAT pigs on d 14 than on d 0 or 7. Hepatic CBG mRNA level was not affected by treatment. On d 14, HEAT pigs had plasma cortisol, pCBG, and haptoglobin concentrations similar to those of CON pigs. These results indicate that measured behavioral and physiological responses were not related to social status, and decreased circulating levels of cortisol and pCBG in pigs following a 7-d exposure to elevated temperature may not be determined by hepatic CBG mRNA expression. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Texas Tech Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Heo, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, 2640 Morgan Circle,Room 201B,McCord Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM hkattesh@utk.edu NR 47 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 83 IS 1 BP 208 EP 215 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 881LT UT WOS:000225869700026 PM 15583061 ER PT J AU Rotz, CA Buckmaster, DR Comerford, JW AF Rotz, CA Buckmaster, DR Comerford, JW TI A beef herd model for simulating feed intake, animal performance, and manure excretion in farm systems SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef herd; farm; model; production system; simulation ID CATTLE AB A beef herd submodel was created for integration with other farm components to form a whole-farm model capable of simulating a wide range of beef production systems. This herd submodel determined the best available feed or feed mix to meet the fiber, energy, and protein requirements for each of up to six animal groups on the farm. The groups comprised any combination of cows, nursing calves, young heifers, yearling heifers, stockers, and finishing cattle. Protein, energy, and mineral requirements were determined for each group using the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System, Level 1. Diets were formulated to meet these requirements with available feeds, and the resulting feed intake, growth, and manure DM and nutrient (N, P, and K) excretions were predicted. Required feed characteristics included CP, ruminally degradable protein, acid detergent insoluble protein, NDF, P, and K concentrations. Feed intake was predicted by considering energy intake, potentially limited by fill, and exceeding a minimum roughage requirement. Fill and roughage limits were functions of feed NDF concentrations adjusted to consider particle size distribution and the relative rate of ruminal digestibility or the physical effectiveness of the fiber. The herd submodel was verified to predict feed intakes, nutrient requirements, diets, and manure excretions similar to those recommended or measured for beef animals. Incorporation of the beef herd submodel with other farm components, including crop growth (alfalfa, grass, corn, small grain, and soybean), harvest, storage, feeding, grazing, and manure handling, provided the Integrated Farm System Model. This comprehensive farm-simulation model is a useful research and teaching tool for evaluating and comparing the long-term performance, economics, and environmental impact of beef, dairy, and crop production systems. C1 Penn State Univ, USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Dairy & Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Rotz, CA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM al.rotz@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 83 IS 1 BP 231 EP 242 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 881LT UT WOS:000225869700029 PM 15583064 ER PT J AU Blummel, M Grings, E AF Blummel, M. Grings, E. TI Application of rates of fermentation to prediction of forage intake SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Blummel, M.] ILRI, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Grings, E.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 238 EP 238 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301004 ER PT J AU Coleman, S AF Coleman, S. TI New applications of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy for forage quality assessment SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Coleman, S.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 238 EP 238 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301002 ER PT J AU Jung, H AF Jung, H. TI Impact of cell wall lignification on forage digestibility SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jung, H.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 238 EP 238 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301001 ER PT J AU Escobar, J Frank, J Suryawan, A Nguyen, H Davis, T AF Escobar, J. Frank, J. Suryawan, A. Nguyen, H. Davis, T. TI Cardiac and skeletal muscle protein synthesis and activation of translation initiation factors are stimulated by leucine, but not isoleucine or valine, in neonatal pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Escobar, J.; Frank, J.; Suryawan, A.; Nguyen, H.; Davis, T.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 239 EP 239 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301007 ER PT J AU Stoll, B Burrin, D AF Stoll, B. Burrin, D. TI Measuring splanchnic amino acid metabolism by using stable isotope tracers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stoll, B.; Burrin, D.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 242 EP 243 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301019 ER PT J AU Turnlund, JR AF Turnlund, J. R. TI Mineral bioavailability and metabolism determined using stable isotope tracers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Turnlund, J. R.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 243 EP 243 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301020 ER PT J AU Lay, D Forde, JM Richert, B Forde, RM McMunn, K AF Lay, D. Forde, J. Marchant Richert, B. Forde, R. Marchant McMunn, K. TI Effects of albuterol on the physiology of finishing pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lay, D.; Forde, J. Marchant; Forde, R. Marchant; McMunn, K.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Lay, D.; Forde, J. Marchant; Forde, R. Marchant; McMunn, K.] Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Richert, B.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 245 EP 245 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301029 ER PT J AU Moulton, K Lovell, F Williams, E Ryan, P Karsi, A Lawrence, M Lay, D Jansen, E Willard, S AF Moulton, K. Lovell, F. Williams, E. Ryan, P. Karsi, A. Lawrence, M. Lay, D. Jansen, E. Willard, S. TI Application of glycerol as an optical clearing agent to enhance photonic transference and detection of Salmonella typhimurium through pig skin SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Moulton, K.; Lovell, F.; Williams, E.; Ryan, P.; Karsi, A.; Lawrence, M.; Willard, S.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Lay, D.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Jansen, E.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. RI Jansen, E. Duco/B-1894-2013 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 246 EP 246 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301032 ER PT J AU Mertens, DR Jung, HG Raeth-Knight, ML Linn, JG AF Mertens, D. R. Jung, H. G. Raeth-Knight, M. L. Linn, J. G. TI Impact of alfalfa hay neutral detergent fiber concentration and digestibility on Holstein dairy cow performance: I. Hay analyses and lactation performance - USDFRC SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mertens, D. R.] US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Jung, H. G.] USDA ARS, St Paul, MN USA. [Jung, H. G.; Raeth-Knight, M. L.; Linn, J. G.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 250 EP 250 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301046 ER PT J AU Raeth-Knight, ML Linn, JG Jung, HG Mertens, DR Peterson, PR AF Raeth-Knight, M. L. Linn, J. G. Jung, H. G. Mertens, D. R. Peterson, P. R. TI Impact of alfalfa hay neutral detergent fiber concentration and digestibility on Holstein dairy cow performance: II. Lactation performance similar to St. Paul SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Raeth-Knight, M. L.; Linn, J. G.; Jung, H. G.; Peterson, P. R.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jung, H. G.] USDA ARS, Madison, WI USA. [Mertens, D. R.] US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 250 EP 250 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301047 ER PT J AU Raeth-Knight, ML Linn, JG Jung, HG Mertens, DR Peterson, PR AF Raeth-Knight, M. L. Linn, J. G. Jung, H. G. Mertens, D. R. Peterson, P. R. TI Impact of alfalfa hay neutral detergent fiber concentration and digestibility on Holstein dairy cow performance: III. Diet digestibility similar to St. Paul SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Raeth-Knight, M. L.; Linn, J. G.; Jung, H. G.; Peterson, P. R.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jung, H. G.] USDA ARS, Madison, WI USA. [Mertens, D. R.] US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 250 EP 251 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301048 ER PT J AU Ritter, M Ellis, M Benjamin, M Berg, E DuBois, P Marchant-Forde, J Green, A Matzat, P Mormede, P Moyer, T Pfalzgraf, K Siemens, M Sterle, J Whiting, T Wolter, B AF Ritter, M. Ellis, M. Benjamin, M. Berg, E. DuBois, P. Marchant-Forde, J. Green, A. Matzat, P. Mormede, P. Moyer, T. Pfalzgraf, K. Siemens, M. Sterle, J. Whiting, T. Wolter, B. TI The fatigued pig syndrome SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE pig; transport losses; fatigue C1 [Ritter, M.; Ellis, M.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Benjamin, M.] ELANCO Anim Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Berg, E.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Marchant-Forde, J.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Mormede, P.] Lab Neurogenet Stress, Rennes, France. [Moyer, T.] Hatfield Qual Meats, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Siemens, M.] Smithfield Foods Inc, Smithfield, VA USA. [Sterle, J.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Whiting, T.] Agr & Food, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Wolter, B.] Maschhoffs, Carlyle, IL USA. RI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/A-7616-2009; Mormede, Pierre/K-5537-2015 OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914; Mormede, Pierre/0000-0003-0345-1432 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 258 EP 258 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301075 ER PT J AU Aiken, G Looper, M AF Aiken, G. Looper, M. TI Temporal changes in rectal temperature and serum prolactin of weaned brahman-influenced heifers previously grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pasture. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE fescue toxicosis; weaning; prolactin C1 [Aiken, G.] Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Looper, M.] Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 261 EP 261 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301084 ER PT J AU Burns, JC Mayland, HF Fisher, DS AF Burns, JC Mayland, HF Fisher, DS TI Dry matter intake and digestion of alfalfa harvested at sunset and sunrise SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE digestion; goats; intake; sheep; steers ID HAYS CUT; PREFERENCE; QUALITY; FORAGES; SUNDOWN; SUNUP AB The preference exhibited by animals in selecting one feed over another is important only if the preferred diet is consumed daily in larger quantities, digested to a greater extent, or both. Six alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hays were harvested in pairs at sunset (PM) and sunrise (AM) on consecutive days at three harvest dates. A previous study of these hays demonstrated differences in ruminant preference favoring PM harvests. This study evaluated the effects of time of cutting and harvest date on voluntary DMI and nutrient digestibility. The hays were field-cured, baled, and chopped before evaluation for intake and digestibility. Studies were conducted for sheep (Ovis aries), goats (Capra hircus), and cattle (Bos taurus). Goats, but not steers or sheep, demonstrated differences in nutrient digestibility between PM- and AM-cut hays. Goats consumed more PM than AM hay (2.97 vs. 2.83 kg/100 kg of BW; P = 0.07) and digested it to a greater extent (0.710 vs. 0.696; P = 0.03), resulting in greater digestible DMI (2.11 vs. 1.97 kg/100 kg of BW; P = 0.03). Sheep consumed (mean = 2.52 kg/100 kg of BW; P = 0.59) and digested (mean = 0.681; P = 0.25) PM- and AM-cut hays similarly. Steers consumed larger quantities of PM-than AM-cut hay (2.90 vs. 2.62 kg/100 kg of BW; P = 0.11), but digestion did not differ with cutting time (mean = 0.660; P = 0.75). Difference values (composition of fed hay minus composition of orts) indicated that sheep and goats selected from the feed offered similarly, whereas steers selected differently. Difference values for CP averaged 94 and 101 g/kg for goats and sheep and 32 g/kg for steers (P < 0.01), and difference values for NDF averaged 185 and 196 g/kg for goats and sheep and 73 g/kg for steers (P less than or equal to 0.01). Steer DMI and digestible DMI were associated with preference (r = +0.83, P less than or equal to 0.05; and r = +0.89, P less than or equal to 0.05) and with coordinates for preference criteria (dimension 1; r = +0.90, P less than or equal to 0.05; and r = +0.89, P less than or equal to 0.05) from a previous preference trial. Intake and digestion responses for goats and sheep showed no relationship with the previous preference trial measurements. For cattle and goats, the management strategy of mowing in the afternoon seems to take advantage of small, but influential diurnal changes in the soluble carbohydrate fraction and offers the potential to improve forage quality. C1 N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. USDA ARS, JPCS Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Burns, JC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM joe_burns@ncsu.edu NR 19 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 83 IS 1 BP 262 EP 270 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 881LT UT WOS:000225869700032 PM 15583067 ER PT J AU McAllister, TA Bach, SJ Callaway, TR AF McAllister, T. A. Bach, S. J. Callaway, T. R. TI Effect of monensin and tylosin on shedding of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 by feedlot cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE E. coli O157 : H7; fecal pat; oral swab C1 [McAllister, T. A.] Agr AgriFood Canada Res Ctr, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. [Bach, S. J.] Agr AgriFood Canada Res Ctr, Summerland, BC, Canada. [Callaway, T. R.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 271 EP 271 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301124 ER PT J AU Estell, R Fredrickson, E Anderson, D Remmenga, M AF Estell, R. Fredrickson, E. Anderson, D. Remmenga, M. TI Effects of eugenol, terpin-4-ol, alpha-terpineol, and methyl eugenol on consumption of alfalfa pellets by sheep SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE herbivory; intake; terpene C1 [Estell, R.; Fredrickson, E.; Anderson, D.] USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Remmenga, M.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 274 EP 274 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301137 ER PT J AU Huntington, G Burns, J AF Huntington, G. Burns, J. TI Afternoon harvest and greater ruminal degradability of supplemental protein interact to increase digestibility and voluntary intake of switchgrass (SG) hay fed to beef steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE switchgrass; protein supplement; beef steers C1 [Huntington, G.; Burns, J.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 274 EP 274 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301136 ER PT J AU Berzaghi, P Mar-Tin, NP Undersander, DJ AF Berzaghi, P. Mar-Tin, N. P. Undersander, D. J. TI Near infrared (NIRS) analysis of forages: challenges and opportunities in the application of the Dairy NRC 2001. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE NIRS; NDF digestibility; forage quality C1 [Berzaghi, P.] Univ Padua, I-35100 Padua, Italy. [Mar-Tin, N. P.; Undersander, D. J.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 275 EP 275 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301141 ER PT J AU Sonon, RN Duckett, SK Neel, J Sellappan, S Fontenot, J Clapham, W AF Sonon, R. N., Jr. Duckett, S. K. Neel, J. Sellappan, S. Fontenot, J. Clapham, W. TI Effects of winter stocker growth rate and finishing diet on beef longissimus vitamin and mineral composition. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE stocker growth rate; finishing diet; vitamins and minerals C1 [Sonon, R. N., Jr.; Duckett, S. K.; Sellappan, S.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Fontenot, J.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Neel, J.; Clapham, W.] USDA ARS, Beaver, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 275 EP 275 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301140 ER PT J AU Animut, G Goetsch, AL Aiken, GE Puchala, R Detweiler, G Krehbiel, CR Merkel, RC Sahlu, T Dawson, LJ Johnson, ZB AF Animut, G. Goetsch, A. L. Aiken, G. E. Puchala, R. Detweiler, G. Krehbiel, C. R. Merkel, R. C. Sahlu, T. Dawson, L. J. Johnson, Z. B. TI Grazing behavior and energy expenditure by sheep and goats cograzing grass/forb pastures at three stocking rates SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE goats; grazing; sheep C1 [Animut, G.; Krehbiel, C. R.; Dawson, L. J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Animut, G.; Goetsch, A. L.; Puchala, R.; Detweiler, G.; Merkel, R. C.; Sahlu, T.] Langston Univ, Langston, OK USA. [Aiken, G. E.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. [Johnson, Z. B.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 276 EP 277 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301145 ER PT J AU Bergeron, K Bernier, JF Julien, P Myre, A Davis, TA Thivierge, MC AF Bergeron, K. Bernier, J. F. Julien, P. Myre, A. Davis, T. A. Thivierge, M. C. TI The role of muscle membrane phospholipids in the developmental decline in insulin sensitivity in the piglet SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE omega-3 long-chain fatty acids; insulin sensitivity; piglets C1 [Bergeron, K.; Bernier, J. F.; Myre, A.; Thivierge, M. C.] Univ Laval, FSAA, Dept Anim Sci, Nutraceut & Funct Food Inst, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. [Julien, P.] Univ Laval, Ctr Med, CHUL, Quebec Lipid Res Ctr, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. [Davis, T. A.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 281 EP 281 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301162 ER PT J AU Peterson, B Small, B AF Peterson, B. Small, B. TI Effects of restricted feed intake on plasma levels of IGF-I and abundance of hepatic IGF-I and GH receptor mRNA in channel catfish SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE IGF-I; GH rreceptor; channel catfish C1 [Peterson, B.; Small, B.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 283 EP 283 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301171 ER PT J AU Daniels, KM McGilliard, ML Boyle, PL Meyer, MJ Van Amburgh, ME Capuco, AV Akers, RM AF Daniels, K. M. McGilliard, M. L. Boyle, P. L. Meyer, M. J. Van Amburgh, M. E. Capuco, A. V. Akers, R. M. TI Effects of body weight and plane of nutrition on histological development of mammary tissue in Holstein heifers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE heifer; histology; mammary C1 [Daniels, K. M.; McGilliard, M. L.; Boyle, P. L.; Akers, R. M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Meyer, M. J.; Van Amburgh, M. E.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Capuco, A. V.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 288 EP 288 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301189 ER PT J AU Klotz, JL Vevoda, AC Bush, LP Strickland, JR AF Klotz, J. L. Vevoda, A. C. Bush, L. P. Strickland, J. R. TI Effects of limb origin and twenty-four hour storage on contractile response of bovine lateral saphenous vein to norepinephrine SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE bovine; norepinephrine; saphenous vein C1 [Klotz, J. L.; Strickland, J. R.] USDA ARS, FAPRU, Lexington, KY USA. [Vevoda, A. C.; Bush, L. P.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 299 EP 299 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301230 ER PT J AU Miller, RH Norman, HD Kuhn, MT Clay, JS AF Miller, R. H. Norman, H. D. Kuhn, M. T. Clay, J. S. TI Assessment of voluntary waiting period and frequency of estrus synchronization among herds. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE estrus synchronization; voluntary waiting period C1 [Miller, R. H.; Norman, H. D.; Kuhn, M. T.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Clay, J. S.] Dairy Records Management Syst, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 301 EP 301 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301237 ER PT J AU Wells, JE Varel, VH AF Wells, J. E. Varel, V. H. TI Viability of Salmonella enterica typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157 : H7 in finishing swine manure slurries with and without a urease inhibitor and a plant essential oil. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE swine; manure; pathogens C1 [Wells, J. E.; Varel, V. H.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 301 EP 302 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301238 ER PT J AU El-Kadi, S Baldwin, R Sunny, N Owens, S Bequette, B AF El-Kadi, S. Baldwin, R. Sunny, N. Owens, S. Bequette, B. TI Postruminal protein infusion increases leucine use by the gastrointestinal tract of sheep while glucose utilization remains unchanged SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE leucine; glucose; gastrointestinal tract C1 [El-Kadi, S.; Sunny, N.; Owens, S.; Bequette, B.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Baldwin, R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 320 EP 320 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301307 ER PT J AU Marchant-Forde, J McMunn, K Richert, B Lay, D Marchant-Forde, R AF Marchant-Forde, J. McMunn, K. Richert, B. Lay, D., Jr. Marchant-Forde, R. TI Effects of albuterol on behavioral and heart rate responses of finishing pigs to handling SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE albuterol; pigs; behavior C1 [Marchant-Forde, J.; McMunn, K.; Lay, D., Jr.; Marchant-Forde, R.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Richert, B.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 324 EP 324 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301320 ER PT J AU Toscano, M Lay, D Craig, B Pajor, E AF Toscano, M. Lay, D., Jr. Craig, B. Pajor, E. TI Characterizing hunger in swine utilizing metabolic parameters during 36 h of imposed feed deprivation SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE swine; hunger; feed restriction C1 [Toscano, M.; Lay, D., Jr.] USDA ARS, LBRU, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Craig, B.; Pajor, E.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 324 EP 324 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301321 ER PT J AU Phillips, WA Coleman, SW Riley, DG Chase, CC Mayeux, HS AF Phillips, W. A. Coleman, S. W. Riley, D. G. Chase, C. C., Jr. Mayeux, H. S. TI Postweaning performance of purebred Angus and Romosinuano steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Phillips, W. A.; Mayeux, H. S.] USDA, ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. [Coleman, S. W.; Riley, D. G.; Chase, C. C., Jr.] USDA, ARS, SubTrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 327 EP 327 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301332 ER PT J AU Ishler, V Dodd, A Meinen, R Mikesell, B Abdalla, C Martin, G Weld, J AF Ishler, V. Dodd, A. Meinen, R. Mikesell, B. Abdalla, C. Martin, G. Weld, J. TI Agricultural-environmental programming in Pennsylvania: making connections, building capacity, increasing credibility SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ishler, V.; Dodd, A.; Meinen, R.; Mikesell, B.; Abdalla, C.; Martin, G.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Weld, J.] USDA ARS, University Pk, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 328 EP 328 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301335 ER PT J AU Goff, J Spears, J AF Goff, J. Spears, J. TI Toxic levels of minerals in the diets of animals SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goff, J.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Spears, J.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 332 EP 332 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301352 ER PT J AU Spears, JW Goff, JP AF Spears, J. W. Goff, J. P. TI Sources and bioavailabilities of toxic levels of minerals SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Spears, J. W.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Goff, J. P.] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 332 EP 332 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301351 ER PT J AU Greger, J Nielsen, F Klasing, K AF Greger, J. Nielsen, F. Klasing, K. TI Potential adverse effects on humans consuming excess minerals in animal products SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Greger, J.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. [Nielsen, F.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Klasing, K.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 333 EP 333 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301353 ER PT J AU Nielsen, F AF Nielsen, F. TI The toxicity of minerals that maybe advocated for animal health and production through reasons other than nutritional need SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nielsen, F.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 333 EP 333 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301355 ER PT J AU Gaines, A Carroll, J Fent, R Allee, G AF Gaines, A. Carroll, J. Fent, R. Allee, G. TI Effects of menhaden fish meal or oil on the performance and immune response of nursery pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gaines, A.; Fent, R.; Allee, G.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Carroll, J.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 334 EP 334 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301357 ER PT J AU Burke, J Miller, J Pote, D AF Burke, J. Miller, J. Pote, D. TI Interaction of copper oxide wire particles and molybdenum sulfate in lambs. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE copper oxide; Haemonchus contortus; molybdenum C1 [Burke, J.; Pote, D.] USDA ARS, Booneville, AR USA. [Miller, J.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 343 EP 344 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301393 ER PT J AU Powers, W Bastyr, S Kerr, B AF Powers, W. Bastyr, S. Kerr, B. TI Reduced crude protein effects on aerial emissions from swine. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Powers, W.; Bastyr, S.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Kerr, B.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 345 EP 345 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301398 ER PT J AU Richert, B Hinson, R Marchant-Forde, R Lay, D McMunn, K Marchant-Forde, J AF Richert, B. Hinson, R. Marchant-Forde, R. Lay, D., Jr. McMunn, K. Marchant-Forde, J. TI Effects of albuterol on the growth and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs. SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Richert, B.; Hinson, R.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Marchant-Forde, R.; Lay, D., Jr.; McMunn, K.; Marchant-Forde, J.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/A-7616-2009 OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 2005 VL 83 SU 1 BP 345 EP 345 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V44GD UT WOS:000202990301399 ER EF