FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Cho, SM Lee, HY You, SM Park, KM Yeum, KJ Park, HJ Chun, HK AF Cho, Soo-mook Lee, Hae-Youn You, Sun-Mi Park, Ki-Moon Yeum, Kyung-Jin Park, Hong-Ju Chun, Hye-Kyung TI Effects of Korea antioxidant plant extracts on immune activation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cho, Soo-mook; Lee, Hae-Youn; Park, Hong-Ju; Chun, Hye-Kyung] RDA, Agriprod Proessing Div, Rural Resources Dev Inst, Natl Inst Agr Sci & Technol, Suwon, South Korea. [You, Sun-Mi] Rural Dev Adm, Res Policy Planning Div, Suwon, South Korea. [Park, Ki-Moon] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, Suwon, South Korea. [Yeum, Kyung-Jin] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467805327 ER PT J AU Cho, SM Lee, HY Yoo, SM Park, HJ Yeum, KJ Park, KM Chun, HK AF Cho, Soo-Muk Lee, Hae-Youn Yoo, Sun-Mi Park, Hong-Ju Yeum, Kyung-Jin Park, Ki-Moon Chun, Hye-Kyung TI Effects of Korean antioxidant plant extracts on immune activation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cho, Soo-Muk; Lee, Hae-Youn; Yoo, Sun-Mi; Park, Hong-Ju; Chun, Hye-Kyung] Natl Inst Agr Sci & Technol, Agriprod Proc Div, Suwon, South Korea. [Yeum, Kyung-Jin] Tufts Univ, Human Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Park, Ki-Moon] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, Suwon, South Korea. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GY UT WOS:000208467700051 ER PT J AU Cifelli, CJ Wang, ZX Yin, SA Russell, RM Tang, GW Green, MH AF Cifelli, Christopher J. Wang, Zhixu Yin, Shian Russell, Robert M. Tang, Guangwen Green, Michael H. TI Development of a compartmental model describing the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A in US and Chinese adults SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cifelli, Christopher J.; Green, Michael H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wang, Zhixu; Yin, Shian] Chinese CDCP, Natl Inst Nutr & Food Safety, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Zhixu] Inst Med Nutr, Qingdao, Peoples R China. [Tang, Guangwen] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467803190 ER PT J AU Clark, DJ Patten, C Reid, KF Carabello, R Phillips, EM Fielding, RA AF Clark, David J. Patten, Carolynn Reid, Kieran F. Carabello, Robert Phillips, Edward M. Fielding, Roger A. TI Slow rate of neuromuscular activation contributes to impaired movement acceleration and peak power in mobility-limited older adults SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Clark, David J.; Reid, Kieran F.; Carabello, Robert; Phillips, Edward M.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Patten, Carolynn] Malcom Randall VA Med Ctr, Brain Rehabil Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. [Patten, Carolynn] Univ Florida, Dept Phys Therapy, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804225 ER PT J AU Combs, GF Watts, JC Johnson, LK Canfield, WK Davis, CD Milner, JA AF Combs, Gerald F. Watts, Jennifer C. Johnson, LuAnn K. Canfield, Wesley K. Davis, Cindy D. Milner, John A. TI Responses to selenium supplementation in healthy Americans SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Combs, Gerald F.; Watts, Jennifer C.; Johnson, LuAnn K.; Canfield, Wesley K.] ARS, USDA, GF Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Davis, Cindy D.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Milner, John A.] NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467802356 ER PT J AU Combs, GF Watts, JC Johnson, LK Canfield, WK Davis, CD Milner, JA AF Combs, Gerald F. Watts, Jennifer C. Johnson, Luann K. Canfield, Wesley K. Davis, Cindy D. Milner, John A. TI Absence of diabetes indicators in a selenium-supplementation trial SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Combs, Gerald F.; Watts, Jennifer C.; Johnson, Luann K.; Canfield, Wesley K.] ARS, USDA, GF Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Davis, Cindy D.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Milner, John A.] NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467802337 ER PT J AU Das, SK Gilhooly, CH Golden, JK Pittas, AG Fuss, PJ Dallal, GE Saltzman, E Roberts, SB AF Das, Sai Krupa Gilhooly, Cheryl H. Golden, Julie K. Pittas, Anastassios G. Fuss, Paul J. Dallal, Gerard E. Saltzman, Edward Roberts, Susan B. TI Long-term effects of caloric restriction on total and resting energy expenditure in healthy adults SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Das, Sai Krupa; Gilhooly, Cheryl H.; Golden, Julie K.; Fuss, Paul J.; Dallal, Gerard E.; Saltzman, Edward; Roberts, Susan B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Pittas, Anastassios G.] Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804628 ER PT J AU Das, SK Gilhooly, CH Golden, JK Pittas, AG Fuss, PJ Dallal, GE Saltzman, E Roberts, SB AF Das, Sai Krupa Gilhooly, Cheryl H. Golden, Julie K. Pittas, Anastassios G. Fuss, Paul J. Dallal, Gerard E. Saltzman, Edward Roberts, Susan B. TI Long Term Effects of High-and Low-Glycemic Load Energy-Restricted Diets on Metabolic Adaptation and the Composition of Weight Loss SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Das, Sai Krupa; Gilhooly, Cheryl H.; Golden, Julie K.; Fuss, Paul J.; Dallal, Gerard E.; Saltzman, Edward; Roberts, Susan B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Pittas, Anastassios G.] Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467803260 ER PT J AU Fielding, RA Krivickas, LS Gavin, BP Reid, KF Carabello, RJ Phillips, EM Frontera, WR AF Fielding, Roger A. Krivickas, Lisa S. Gavin, Brian P. Reid, Kieran F. Carabello, Robert J. Phillips, Edward M. Frontera, Walter R. TI Single fiber muscle contractile properties in mobility-limited older adults SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fielding, Roger A.; Reid, Kieran F.; Carabello, Robert J.; Phillips, Edward M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fielding, Roger A.; Krivickas, Lisa S.; Gavin, Brian P.; Phillips, Edward M.; Frontera, Walter R.] Spaulding Rehabil Hosp, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Boston, MA USA. [Fielding, Roger A.; Krivickas, Lisa S.; Gavin, Brian P.; Phillips, Edward M.; Frontera, Walter R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Frontera, Walter R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Frontera, Walter R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Physiol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806757 ER PT J AU Folta, S Lichtenstein, A Goldberg, J Seguin, R Nelson, M AF Folta, Sara Lichtenstein, Alice Goldberg, Jeanne Seguin, Rebecca Nelson, Miriam TI Weight Loss and Dietary Changes in a Community-Based Intervention to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Mid life and Older Women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Folta, Sara; Lichtenstein, Alice; Goldberg, Jeanne; Seguin, Rebecca; Nelson, Miriam] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lichtenstein, Alice] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801075 ER PT J AU Fox, MK Gordon, A Nogales, R McKinney, P AF Fox, Mary Kay Gordon, Anne Nogales, Renee McKinney, Patricia TI Availability, Consumption, And Energy/Nutrient Contributions Of Competitive Foods In Schools SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fox, Mary Kay] Math Policy Res Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. [Gordon, Anne; Nogales, Renee] Math Policy Res Inc, Princeton, NJ USA. [McKinney, Patricia] USDA, Food & Nutr Sercvice, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807005 ER PT J AU Fu, XY Mernitz, H Wallin, R Wang, XD Booth, SL AF Fu, Xueyan Mernitz, Heather Wallin, Reidar Wang, Xiang-Dong Booth, Sarah L. TI Inter-relationship of fat-soluble vitamins in progression of renal calcification SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fu, Xueyan; Mernitz, Heather; Wang, Xiang-Dong; Booth, Sarah L.] Tufts Univ, USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wallin, Reidar] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467808611 ER PT J AU Garrod, MG Johnson, HA Calvert, CC Allen, LH Green, R Miller, JW AF Garrod, Marjorie G. Johnson, Heidi A. Calvert, Christopher C. Allen, Lindsay H. Green, Ralph Miller, Joshua W. TI Model to estimate in vivo enrichment of beef muscle and liver with C-14-vitamin B12 (C-14-B12) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Garrod, Marjorie G.; Johnson, Heidi A.; Allen, Lindsay H.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Calvert, Christopher C.; Allen, Lindsay H.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Green, Ralph; Miller, Joshua W.] Univ Calif Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467808249 ER PT J AU Georgi, K Hwang, SH Nording, M Yang, J Zivkovic, A Pedersen, T Newman, JW Hammock, BD AF Georgi, Katrin Hwang, Sung-Hee Nording, Malin Yang, Jun Zivkovic, Angela Pedersen, Theresa Newman, John W. Hammock, Bruce D. TI Expansion of the Eicosanoid Profiling Methodology by the Addition of w-3 Fatty Acid Metabolites SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Georgi, Katrin; Hwang, Sung-Hee; Nording, Malin; Yang, Jun; Zivkovic, Angela; Hammock, Bruce D.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pedersen, Theresa; Newman, John W.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467805328 ER PT J AU Gilhooly, CH Das, SK Golden, JK McCrory, MA Dallal, GE Saltzman, E Kramer, FM Roberts, SB AF Gilhooly, Cheryl Hajduk Das, Sai Krupa Golden, Julie K. McCrory, Megan A. Dallal, Gerard E. Saltzman, Edward Kramer, F. Matthew Roberts, Susan B. TI The effects of a discretionary food allowance during a caloric restriction regimen with provided food SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dallal, Gerard E.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Biostat Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [McCrory, Megan A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Foods & Nutr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kramer, F. Matthew] USA, Natick Soldier Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804821 ER PT J AU Giordano, RM Newman, JW Ramos, M Gale, B Stebbins, CL AF Giordano, Rose M. Newman, John W. Ramos, Marisa Gale, Barbara Stebbins, Charles L. TI Effects of Exercise Intensity and Duration on Arachidonic Acid Metabolism SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Giordano, Rose M.; Stebbins, Charles L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Internal Med, Div Cardiovasc Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Newman, John W.] USDA, WHNRC, Davis, CA USA. [Ramos, Marisa] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. [Gale, Barbara] UCD CTSC Clin Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467805457 ER PT J AU Goodell, LS Amico, KR Pierce, MB Ferris, AM AF Goodell, L. Suzanne Amico, K. Rivet Pierce, Michelle B. Ferris, Ann M. TI An Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model for Child Sweetened Beverage Consumption SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goodell, L. Suzanne] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Amico, K. Rivet] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth Intervent & Prevent, Storrs, CT USA. [Pierce, Michelle B.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Med, Farmington, CT USA. [Ferris, Ann M.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Ctr Publ Hlth & Hlth Policy, E Hartford, CT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801126 ER PT J AU Goodell, LS Tseui, E Hughes, SO Nicklas, TA AF Goodell, L. Suzanne Tseui, Eugenia Hughes, Sheryl O. Nicklas, Theresa A. TI Validation of the use of digital photography for estimating portion sizes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goodell, L. Suzanne; Hughes, Sheryl O.; Nicklas, Theresa A.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Tseui, Eugenia] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Ctr Human Nutr, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801118 ER PT J AU Goodell, LS Tsuei, E Hughes, SO Nicklas, TA AF Goodell, L. Suzanne Tsuei, Eugenia Hughes, Sheryl O. Nicklas, Theresa A. TI Caregivers' attitudes regarding portion size served to Head Start children SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goodell, L. Suzanne; Hughes, Sheryl O.; Nicklas, Theresa A.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Tsuei, Eugenia] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Ctr Human Nutr, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801115 ER PT J AU Green, BT Cook, D Pfister, JA Welch, KD Lee, ST Stegelmeier, BL Gardner, DR Panter, KE AF Green, Benedict Thomas Cook, Daniel Pfister, James A. Welch, Kevin D. Lee, Stephen T. Stegelmeier, Bryan L. Gardner, Dale R. Panter, Kip E. TI A comparison of the protective effects of neostigmine and physostigmine on Delphinium barbeyi poisoning in cattle SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Green, Benedict Thomas; Cook, Daniel; Pfister, James A.; Welch, Kevin D.; Lee, Stephen T.; Stegelmeier, Bryan L.; Gardner, Dale R.; Panter, Kip E.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467800654 ER PT J AU Gu, LW Hager, AC Robbins, RJ Prior, RL AF Gu, Liwei Hager, Aaron C. Robbins, Rebecca J. Prior, Ronald L. TI Analyses of procyanidins in foods using Diol phase HPLC SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gu, Liwei; Hager, Aaron C.] UAMS, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. [Robbins, Rebecca J.] Mars SnackFood US, Hackettstown, NJ USA. [Prior, Ronald L.] ARS, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806552 ER PT J AU Guenther, PM Juan, WY Reedy, J Britten, P Lino, M Carlson, A Hiza, HH Krebs-Smith, SM AF Guenther, Patricia M. Juan, WenYen Reedy, Jill Britten, Patricia Lino, Mark Carlson, Andrea Hiza, Hazel H. Krebs-Smith, Susan M. TI Diet quality of Americans in 1994-1996 and 2001-2002 as measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2005 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Guenther, Patricia M.; Juan, WenYen; Britten, Patricia; Lino, Mark; Carlson, Andrea; Hiza, Hazel H.] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA USA. [Reedy, Jill; Krebs-Smith, Susan M.] NCI, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467803706 ER PT J AU Hamer, DH Sempertegui, F Estrella, B Tucker, KL Rodriguez, A Egas, J Dallall, GE Selhub, J Meydani, SN AF Hamer, Davidson H. Sempertegui, Fernando Estrella, Bertha Tucker, Katherine L. Rodriguez, Alicia Egas, Josefina Dallall, Gerard E. Selhub, Jacob Meydani, Simin N. TI Nutritional and Immunological Status and Burden of Infection in Elderly Ecuadorians SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hamer, Davidson H.; Tucker, Katherine L.; Dallall, Gerard E.; Selhub, Jacob; Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Int Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA USA. [Sempertegui, Fernando; Estrella, Bertha; Rodriguez, Alicia; Egas, Josefina] Corp Ecuatoriana Biotecnol, Quito, Ecuador. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807018 ER PT J AU Han, SN Thomas, A Peters, E Elliott, J Meydani, SN AF Han, Sung Nim Thomas, Adam Peters, Emily Elliott, James Meydani, Simin Nikbin TI Effect of short term supplementation with Lactobacillus acidophilus LAFTI (R) L10 on resistance to influenza infection in young and old mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Han, Sung Nim; Thomas, Adam; Peters, Emily; Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, JMUSDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Han, Sung Nim] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Seoul, South Korea. [Elliott, James] DSM Nutr Prod, Parsippany, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467809093 ER PT J AU Harnly, JM Luthria, D Chen, P Lin, LZ AF Harnly, James M. Luthria, Devanand Chen, Pei Lin, Longze TI Spectral fingerprints for authentication and identification of variation in foods and botanical materials SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Harnly, James M.; Luthria, Devanand; Chen, Pei; Lin, Longze] USDA, BHNRC, FCMDL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806882 ER PT J AU Harrison, EH During, A AF Harrison, Earl Howard During, Alexandrine TI Preferential uptake of xanthophylls by human retinal pigment epithelial cells is mediated by scavenger receptor B1 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Harrison, Earl Howard] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Harrison, Earl Howard; During, Alexandrine] USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Phytonutrients Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [During, Alexandrine] Catholic Univ Louvain, Lab Biochim Cellulaire, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. RI During, Alexandrine/I-5405-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804199 ER PT J AU Hawthorne, KM Morris, J Hotze, T Abrams, SA Hirschi, KD AF Hawthorne, Keli M. Morris, Jay Hotze, Tim Abrams, Steven A. Hirschi, Kendal D. TI Improved bioavailability of calcium in genetically-modified carrots SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hawthorne, Keli M.; Morris, Jay; Hotze, Tim; Abrams, Steven A.; Hirschi, Kendal D.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Morris, Jay; Hirschi, Kendal D.] Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467802824 ER PT J AU Holden, JM Byrdwell, WC Exler, J Harnly, J Hollick, M Hollis, B Horst, RL Patterson, K Phillips, K Wolf, W AF Holden, Joanne M. Byrdwell, William Craig Exler, Jacob Harnly, James Hollick, Michael Hollis, Bruce Horst, Ronald L. Patterson, Kristine Phillips, Katherine Wolf, Wayne TI Control materials for validating measurement of vitamin D in key foods for the USDA National Food and Nutrient Analysis Program (NFNAP) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Holden, Joanne M.; Exler, Jacob; Patterson, Kristine] USDA ARS, BHNRC NDL, Beltsville, MD USA. [Byrdwell, William Craig; Harnly, James; Wolf, Wayne] USDA ARS, BHNRC FCMDL, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hollick, Michael] Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Hollis, Bruce] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Horst, Ronald L.] Hearland Assays, Ames, IA USA. [Phillips, Katherine] VPI, Blacksburg, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807480 ER PT J AU Hong, YJ Kim, Y Turowski, M Anderson, K Yokoyama, W AF Hong, Yun-Jeong Kim, Yookyung Turowski, Maciej Anderson, Ken Yokoyama, Wallace TI Plasma cholesterol reduction in hamsters fed all barley, oat or wheat breads with and without soluble cellulose SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hong, Yun-Jeong; Kim, Yookyung; Yokoyama, Wallace] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Turowski, Maciej; Anderson, Ken] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467809033 ER PT J AU Hong, YJ Bartley, G Turowski, M Anderson, K Yokoyama, W AF Hong, Yun-Jeong Bartley, Glenn Turowski, Maciej Anderson, Ken Yokoyama, Wallace TI Soluble cellulose reduces expression of lipogenic and inflammatory genes in fat fed hamsters SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hong, Yun-Jeong; Bartley, Glenn; Yokoyama, Wallace] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Turowski, Maciej; Anderson, Ken] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467808340 ER PT J AU Hunt, CD Stoecker, BJ AF Hunt, Curtiss D. Stoecker, Barbara J. TI Adequate dietary calcium restores vertebral trabecular bone microarchitecture and strength and improves femur calcium concentration following calcium depletion in young female rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hunt, Curtiss D.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Stoecker, Barbara J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801601 ER PT J AU Johnson, H Garrod, M Allen, L AF Johnson, Heidi Garrod, Marge Allen, Lindsay TI Model to estimate labeled vitamin B12 in eggs for studies of food-bound B12 absorption SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Johnson, Heidi; Garrod, Marge; Allen, Lindsay] ARS, UC Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467802407 ER PT J AU Johnson, WT Anderson, CM AF Johnson, W. Thomas Anderson, Cindy M. TI Prenatal copper deficiency in rat dams causes persistent reduction in nuclear-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunits in cardiac mitochondria of the first generation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Johnson, W. Thomas] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Anderson, Cindy M.] Univ N Dakota, Coll Nursing, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801612 ER PT J AU Kapsokefalou, M Argyri, K Tako, E Glahn, RP Miller, DD AF Kapsokefalou, Maria Argyri, Konstantina Tako, Elad Glahn, Raymond P. Miller, Dennis D. TI Effect of milk peptides that enhance iron uptake by Caco-2 cells on the expression of DMT-1 and on iron dialyzability from meals SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kapsokefalou, Maria; Argyri, Konstantina] Univ Agr, Athens, Greece. [Tako, Elad; Miller, Dennis D.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Glahn, Raymond P.] ARS, USDA, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GY UT WOS:000208467700201 ER PT J AU Keast, DR Hoerr, SL Nicklas, TA AF Keast, Debra R. Hoerr, Sharon L. Nicklas, Theresa A. TI Energy intake from foods and beverages consumed between meals by adolescents ages 12-18 years: NHANES, 1999-2004 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Keast, Debra R.] Food & Nutr Database Res Consulting, Okemos, MI USA. [Hoerr, Sharon L.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467808416 ER PT J AU Kemmer, TM Geisler, K Reeves, PG AF Kemmer, Teresa M. Geisler, Karen Reeves, Philip G. TI Zinc and Lead Hair Levels in Children Ages 6-60 Months Living in Three Refugee Camps along the Thailand/Burma Border SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kemmer, Teresa M.] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Geisler, Karen] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Reeves, Philip G.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467802403 ER PT J AU Kendall, TL Brooks, NE Fielding, RA AF Kendall, Tracee Lynn Brooks, Naomi E. Fielding, Roger A. TI Chronic overload induced hypertrophy is associated with age-related muscle mass loss and diminished mTOR signaling SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kendall, Tracee Lynn; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Brooks, Naomi E.] Univ Stellenbosch, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804113 ER PT J AU Kong, EH An, SC Meydani, M AF Kong, Eun Hee An, Soon Cheol Meydani, Mohsen TI Apoptosis induced by piplartine on PC-3 cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Meydani, Mohsen] Tufts Univ, Vasc Biol Lab, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [An, Soon Cheol] Pusan Natl Univ, Sch Med, Pusan 609735, South Korea. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467802832 ER PT J AU Kottapalli, KR Burrow, MD Puppala, N Payton, P AF Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao Burrow, Mark D. Puppala, Naveen Payton, Paxton TI Transcriptomics and proteomics of drought tolerance in peanuts SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao] USDA ARS, Lubbock, TX USA. [Burrow, Mark D.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Texas A&M Agr Expt Stn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Puppala, Naveen] NMSU, Clovis, NM USA. [Payton, Paxton] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807291 ER PT J AU Krebs, NF Mazariegos, M Westcott, JE Wright, L Das, A Goco, N Hartwell, T Solomons, NW Raboy, V Angel, L Hambidge, KM AF Krebs, Nancy F. Mazariegos, Manolo Westcott, Jamie E. Wright, Linda Das, Abhik Goco, Norman Hartwell, Tyler Solomons, Noel W. Raboy, Victor Angel, Luis Hambidge, K. Michael TI Effects of zinc (Zn) supplementation and phytate-reduced maize in 6-12 mo infants in Guatemala SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Krebs, Nancy F.; Westcott, Jamie E.; Hambidge, K. Michael] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sect Nutr, Denver, CO USA. [Mazariegos, Manolo; Solomons, Noel W.] CeSSIAM, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Mazariegos, Manolo; Angel, Luis] FANCAP, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Wright, Linda] NICHD, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Das, Abhik] RTI Int, Rockville, MD USA. [Goco, Norman; Hartwell, Tyler] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Raboy, Victor] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806701 ER PT J AU LaBresh, JW Steffens, CS Olson, E Baldwin, C Lunney, J AF LaBresh, Joanna W. Steffens, Carrie S. Olson, Erik Baldwin, Cynthia Lunney, Joan TI Gene Sequence Homology of Chemokines Across Species SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [LaBresh, Joanna W.; Steffens, Carrie S.; Olson, Erik] Kingfisher Biotech Inc, St Paul, MN USA. [Baldwin, Cynthia] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Lunney, Joan] ARS, Animal Parasit Dis Lab, ANRI, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801628 ER PT J AU Lee, KS Garrod, MG Allen, LH Haan, MN Green, R Miller, JW AF Lee, Kyung-Seon Garrod, Marjorie G. Allen, Lindsay H. Haan, Mary N. Green, Ralph Miller, Joshua W. TI The gastric intrinsic factor polymorphism, A68G, modifies the association between the transcobalamin polymorphism, C776G, and vitamin B12 status SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lee, Kyung-Seon; Green, Ralph; Miller, Joshua W.] Univ Calif Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Garrod, Marjorie G.; Allen, Lindsay H.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Allen, Lindsay H.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Haan, Mary N.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807031 ER PT J AU Lian, FZ Wang, XD AF Lian, Fuzhi Wang, Xiang-Dong TI Apo-10 '-lycopenoic acid induces Nrf2-mediated expression of phase II antioxidant genes and suppresses H2O2 induced oxidative damage in human bronchial epithelial cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lian, Fuzhi; Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806157 ER PT J AU Lillehoj, HS Kim, CH Keeler, CL Hong, YH AF Lillehoj, Hyun Soon Kim, Chul Hong Keeler, Calvin L. Hong, Yeong Ho TI Analysis of local innate immune response to Eimeria acervulina using chicken intestinal cDNA microarray SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lillehoj, Hyun Soon; Kim, Chul Hong; Hong, Yeong Ho] USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Insitute, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Keeler, Calvin L.] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804593 ER PT J AU Lillehoj, HS Hong, YH Han, JY Kim, JK AF Lillehoj, Hyun Soon Hong, Yeong Ho Han, Jae Young Kim, Jin Kyu TI Functional characterization of chicken proinflammatory cytokine IL-17D SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lillehoj, Hyun Soon; Hong, Yeong Ho] USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Insitute, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Han, Jae Young] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, Jin Kyu] Changwon Natl Univ, Dept Microbiol, Chang Won, South Korea. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804380 ER PT J AU Lin, LZ Chen, P Ozcan, M Harnly, J AF Lin, Longze Chen, Pei Ozcan, Mustafa Harnly, James TI Chromatographic profiles of Ginkgo biloba leaves and selected products SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lin, Longze; Chen, Pei; Ozcan, Mustafa; Harnly, James] USDA, BHNRC, FCMDL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807224 ER PT J AU Liu, Q Gaydo, A Lin, HX Liu, ZG Urban, JF Gause, WC AF Liu, Qian Gaydo, Andrew Lin, Hongxia Liu, Zhugong Urban, Joseph F. Gause, William C. TI B cells are required for the host protection to the gastrointestinal nematode parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Liu, Qian; Gaydo, Andrew; Lin, Hongxia; Liu, Zhugong; Gause, William C.] UMDNJ New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ USA. [Urban, Joseph F.] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807705 ER PT J AU Lkhagvadorj, S Qu, L Cai, WG Couture, OP Wang, YF Barb, RC Hausman, GJ Rekaya, R Nettleton, DS Anderson, LL Dekkers, JC Tuggle, CK AF Lkhagvadorj, Sender Qu, Long Cai, Weiguo Couture, Oliver P. Wang, Yanfang Barb, Richard C. Hausman, Gary J. Rekaya, Romdhane Nettleton, Daniel S. Anderson, Lloyd L. Dekkers, Jack C. Tuggle, Christopher K. TI Sterol Regulatory Transcription Factor-1: Key regulator of Fasting Response in the Adipose Tissue in Pigs? SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lkhagvadorj, Sender; Qu, Long; Cai, Weiguo; Couture, Oliver P.; Wang, Yanfang; Nettleton, Daniel S.; Anderson, Lloyd L.; Dekkers, Jack C.; Tuggle, Christopher K.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Barb, Richard C.; Hausman, Gary J.] ARS, RBRRC, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Rekaya, Romdhane] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RI Qu, Long/I-8528-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807862 ER PT J AU Llopis, JML Tako, E Miller, DD Glahn, RP AF Llopis, Jose Moises Laparra Tako, Elad Miller, Dennis D. Glahn, Raymond P. TI Inulin and Mucins in the Intestine can reduce Iron uptake from dissociable suplements SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Llopis, Jose Moises Laparra; Tako, Elad; Miller, Dennis D.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Glahn, Raymond P.] USDA, PSN Lab, Ithaca, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GY UT WOS:000208467700227 ER PT J AU Madala, SK Hodges, M Shweta, T Virgilio, B Urban, JF Keane-Myers, A AF Madala, Satish Kumar Hodges, Marcus Shweta, Trivedi Virgilio, Bundoc Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Keane-Myers, Andrea TI The parasitic nematode Ascaris suum secretes a hemoglobin that scavenges host derived free radicals and activates dendritic cells through TLR4 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Madala, Satish Kumar; Hodges, Marcus; Shweta, Trivedi; Virgilio, Bundoc; Keane-Myers, Andrea] NIAID, Lab Allerg Dis, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806796 ER PT J AU Marini, JC AF Marini, Juan C. TI Citrulline metabolism during pregnancy in wild type and spf-ash carrier mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Marini, Juan C.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804034 ER PT J AU Marini, JC AF Marini, Juan C. TI Citrulline synthesis for endogenous arginine production is dependent on two distinct ornithine pools SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Marini, Juan C.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GY UT WOS:000208467700325 ER PT J AU McCabe-Sellers, BJ Strickland, E Lovera, D Bogle, ML AF McCabe-Sellers, Beverly J. Strickland, Earline Lovera, Dalia Bogle, Margaret L. TI SKATE: Recognition, experience, willingness and intake of fruit and vegetable snacks in rural school aged children at risk for obesity SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McCabe-Sellers, Beverly J.; Strickland, Earline; Lovera, Dalia; Bogle, Margaret L.] ARS, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807829 ER PT J AU Milbury, PE Vita, JA Finnerty, KA Holbrook, M Palmisano, J Hamburg, NM Blumberg, JB AF Milbury, Paul E. Vita, Joseph A. Finnerty, Kathryn A. Holbrook, Monika Palmisano, Joseph Hamburg, Naomi M. Blumberg, Jeffrey B. TI Anthocyanin Bioavailability from Acute Cranberry Juice Consumption and Evidence of Effects on Endothelial Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Milbury, Paul E.; Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Vita, Joseph A.; Finnerty, Kathryn A.; Holbrook, Monika; Palmisano, Joseph; Hamburg, Naomi M.] Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467802775 ER PT J AU Mills, JP Simon, PW Tanumihardjo, SA AF Mills, Jordan P. Simon, Philipp W. Tanumihardjo, Sherry A. TI Bioactive compounds with high antioxidant potential in biofortified carrots do not influence provitamin A carotenoid bioefficacy in gerbils SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mills, Jordan P.; Tanumihardjo, Sherry A.] Univ Wisconsin, Interdept Grad Program Nutr Sci, Madison, WI USA. [Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806673 ER PT J AU Moshfegh, A Steinfeldt, L Goldman, J AF Moshfegh, Alanna Steinfeldt, Lois Goldman, Joseph TI Despite the health burden, sodium intakes remain unchanged SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Moshfegh, Alanna; Steinfeldt, Lois; Goldman, Joseph] ARS, USDA, Food Surveys Res Grp, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804236 ER PT J AU Natarajan, R Ronnenberg, AG Wood, RJ Lee, OH Kim, YC AF Natarajan, Radhika Ronnenberg, Alayne G. Wood, Richard J. Lee, Ok-Hwan Kim, Young-Cheul TI 25-hydroxyvitamin D inhibits differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Natarajan, Radhika; Ronnenberg, Alayne G.; Lee, Ok-Hwan; Kim, Young-Cheul] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Wood, Richard J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467802599 ER PT J AU Nelson, CD Beitz, DC Reinhardt, TA Lippolis, JD AF Nelson, Corwin D. Beitz, Donald C. Reinhardt, Tim A. Lippolis, John D. TI Toll-like receptor signaling increases production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in bovine macrophages SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nelson, Corwin D.; Beitz, Donald C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Nelson, Corwin D.; Reinhardt, Tim A.; Lippolis, John D.] USDA, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804806 ER PT J AU Nelson, MJD Burri, BJ Neidlinger, TR Stanhope, K Havel, PJ AF Nelson, Mindy J. Dopler Burri, Betty Jane Neidlinger, Terry R. Stanhope, Kimber Havel, Peter J. TI Prevalence of Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults with and without spinal cord injury SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nelson, Mindy J. Dopler; Stanhope, Kimber; Havel, Peter J.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. [Burri, Betty Jane; Neidlinger, Terry R.] ARS, USDA, WHNRC, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467809326 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH AF Nielsen, Forrest H. TI A combined marginal deficiency of copper and zinc does not exacerbate oxidant stress associated with copper or zinc deficiency SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nielsen, Forrest H.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801698 ER PT J AU Novotny, JA Baer, DJ Kurilich, AC Britz, SJ Clevidence, BA AF Novotny, Janet A. Baer, David J. Kurilich, Anne C. Britz, Steven J. Clevidence, Beverly A. TI Vitamin K kinetics in humans after consumption of C-13-labeled phylloquinone from kale SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Novotny, Janet A.; Baer, David J.; Britz, Steven J.; Clevidence, Beverly A.] USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kurilich, Anne C.] Quaker Tropicana Gatorade, Barrington, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467805789 ER PT J AU Nuss, HJ McCabe-Sellers, BJ Champagne, CM McGee, BM AF Nuss, Henry Joseph McCabe-Sellers, Beverly J. Champagne, Catherine M. McGee, Bernestine M. TI Dietary Folic Acid Intakes of Mississippi Delta Women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nuss, Henry Joseph; McCabe-Sellers, Beverly J.] ARS, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA. [Champagne, Catherine M.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [McGee, Bernestine M.] Southern Univ, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [McGee, Bernestine M.] A&M Coll, Baton Rouge, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GY UT WOS:000208467700780 ER PT J AU Olson, RM Teo, A Singh, AP Luthria, D Banuelos, GS Pasakdee, SM Vorsa, N Wilson, T AF Olson, Rachel M. Teo, Albert Singh, Ajay P. Luthria, Devanand Banuelos, Gary S. Pasakdee, Sajeemas M. Vorsa, Nicholi Wilson, Ted TI Polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of eggplant skin SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Olson, Rachel M.; Teo, Albert; Wilson, Ted] Winona State Univ, Winona, MN 55987 USA. [Singh, Ajay P.; Vorsa, Nicholi] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Luthria, Devanand] USDA ARS, Food Composit & Methods Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Banuelos, Gary S.; Pasakdee, Sajeemas M.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Lab, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806364 ER PT J AU Panickar, K Polansky, M Anderson, R AF Panickar, Kiran Polansky, Marilyn Anderson, Richard TI Green tea and cinnamon polyphenols attenuate mitochondrial dysfunction and glial swelling in ischemic injury SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Panickar, Kiran; Polansky, Marilyn; Anderson, Richard] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806741 ER PT J AU Park, JB AF Park, Jae B. TI Serotomide and safflomide modulate forskolin-stimulated cAMP formation via 5-HT1 receptor SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Park, Jae B.] USDA, BHNRC, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467800273 ER PT J AU Park, JB AF Park, Jae B. TI Potential effects of 5-caffeoylquinic acid and caffeine found in coffee on suppressing P-selectin expression. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Park, Jae B.] USDA, BHNRC, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467800270 ER PT J AU Paulino, G Oort, PJ Knotts, TA Adams, SH Raybould, HE AF Paulino, Gabriel Oort, Pieter J. Knotts, Trina A. Adams, Sean H. Raybould, Helen E. TI Can diet influence the expression of genes associated with control of appetite? SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Paulino, Gabriel; Raybould, Helen E.] UCDavis, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA USA. [Oort, Pieter J.; Knotts, Trina A.; Adams, Sean H.] UCDavis, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467805149 ER PT J AU Prior, RL Wilkes, S Wu, XL AF Prior, Ronald L. Wilkes, Samuel Wu, Xianli TI Correction of dyslipidemia resulting from high fat diets with purified anthocyanins from blueberry or strawberry but not in context of the complete berry SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Prior, Ronald L.] ARS, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA. [Wu, Xianli] UAMS, Little Rock, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806340 ER PT J AU Ramalingam, TR Pesce, JT Sheikh, FA Cheever, AW Mentink-Kane, MM Wilson, MS Stevens, S Valenzuela, DM Murphy, AJ Yancopoulos, GD Urban, JF Donnelly, RP Wynn, TA AF Ramalingam, Thirumalai Rajan Pesce, John T. Sheikh, Farukh A. Cheever, Allen W. Mentink-Kane, Margaret M. Wilson, Mark S. Stevens, Sean Valenzuela, David M. Murphy, Andrew J. Yancopoulos, George D. Urban, Joeseph F., Jr. Donnelly, Raymond P. Wynn, Thomas A. TI Unique functions of the type II interleukin 4 receptor revealed in mice lacking the interleukin 13 receptor alpha 1 chain SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ramalingam, Thirumalai Rajan; Pesce, John T.; Mentink-Kane, Margaret M.; Wilson, Mark S.; Wynn, Thomas A.] NIAID, LPD, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Sheikh, Farukh A.; Donnelly, Raymond P.] US FDA, CDER, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. [Cheever, Allen W.] Biomed Res Inst, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Stevens, Sean; Valenzuela, David M.; Murphy, Andrew J.; Yancopoulos, George D.] Regenron, Tarrytown, NY USA. [Urban, Joeseph F., Jr.] USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804247 ER PT J AU Reece, JJ Kohn, K Ets, H Urban, JF Dawson, HD AF Reece, Joshua J. Kohn, Kristen Ets, Hillevi Urban, Joseph F. Dawson, Harry D. TI CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Porcine Natural Regulatory T Cells Induced by Helminth Infection Display a Functionally Suppressive Immunomodulatory Phenotype SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Reece, Joshua J.; Kohn, Kristen; Ets, Hillevi; Urban, Joseph F.; Dawson, Harry D.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, BHNRC, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Dawson, Harry/H-8242-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467808013 ER PT J AU Reece, JJ Kohn, K Ets, H Beshah, E Urban, JF Dawson, HD AF Reece, Joshua J. Kohn, Kristen Ets, Hillevi Beshah, Ethiopia Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Dawson, Harry D. TI Generating a Natural Porcine Model of Gastrointestinal Food Allergy to Peanut SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Reece, Joshua J.; Kohn, Kristen; Ets, Hillevi; Beshah, Ethiopia; Urban, Joseph F., Jr.; Dawson, Harry D.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, BHNRC, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Dawson, Harry/H-8242-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807833 ER PT J AU Reid, KF Doros, G Cloutier, GJ Clark, DJ Carabello, RJ Phillips, EM Frontera, WR Fielding, RA AF Reid, Kieran F. Doros, Gheorghe Cloutier, Gregory J. Clark, David J. Carabello, Robert J. Phillips, Edward M. Frontera, Walter R. Fielding, Roger A. TI Comparison of lower extremity strength, power and muscle area between healthy subjects and mobility-limited elders SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Reid, Kieran F.; Cloutier, Gregory J.; Clark, David J.; Carabello, Robert J.; Phillips, Edward M.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Doros, Gheorghe] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Frontera, Walter R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys Med, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Frontera, Walter R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Rehabil & Physiol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807106 ER PT J AU Reid, KF Doros, G Cloutier, GJ Clark, DJ Carabello, RJ Phillips, EM Frontera, WR Fielding, RA AF Reid, Kieran F. Doros, Gheorghe Cloutier, Gregory J. Clark, David J. Carabello, Robert J. Phillips, Edward M. Frontera, Walter R. Fielding, Roger A. TI Comparison of lower extremity strength, power and muscle area between healthy subjects and mobility-limited elders SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Reid, Kieran F.; Cloutier, Gregory J.; Clark, David J.; Carabello, Robert J.; Phillips, Edward M.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Doros, Gheorghe] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Frontera, Walter R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys Med, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Frontera, Walter R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Rehabil & Physiol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RI Clark, David/A-4916-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467803063 ER PT J AU Ren, ZH Gay, R Thomas, A Pae, M Wu, DY Logsdon, L Mecsas, J Meydani, SN AF Ren, Zhihong Gay, Raina Thomas, Adam Pae, Munkyong Wu, Dayong Logsdon, Lauren Mecsas, Joan Meydani, Simin N. TI Age Increases Susceptibility to Salmonella typhimurium Infection in C57BL/6 Mice: Role of the Immune System SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ren, Zhihong; Gay, Raina; Thomas, Adam; Pae, Munkyong; Wu, Dayong; Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Logsdon, Lauren; Mecsas, Joan] Tufts Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807652 ER PT J AU Renzi, LM Iannaccone, A Johnson, E Kritchevsky, S AF Renzi, Lisa Marie Iannaccone, Alessandro Johnson, Elizabeth Kritchevsky, Stephen TI The relation between serum xanthophylls, fatty acids, macular pigment and cognitive function in the Health ABC Study SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Renzi, Lisa Marie] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Iannaccone, Alessandro] Univ Tennessee, Hamilton Eye Inst, Memphis, TN USA. [Johnson, Elizabeth] Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kritchevsky, Stephen] Wake Forest Univ, J Paul Sticht Ctr Aging & Rehabil, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806622 ER PT J AU Rhodes, DG Goldman, JD Moshfegh, AJ AF Rhodes, Donna G. Goldman, Joseph D. Moshfegh, Alanna J. TI Do Americans eat more on weekends? SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rhodes, Donna G.; Goldman, Joseph D.; Moshfegh, Alanna J.] USDA ARS, Food Surveys Res Grp, Beltsville Human Nutr Reseach Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467802784 ER PT J AU Robbins, RJ Leonczak, J Johnson, JC Li, JL Kwik-Uribe, C Prior, RL Gu, LW AF Robbins, Rebecca J. Leonczak, Jadwiga Johnson, J. Christopher Li, Julia Kwik-Uribe, Catherine Prior, Ronald L. Gu, Liwei TI Development of a robust, quantitative normal-phase HPLC method for flavan-3-ols and procyanidin oligomers in chocolate and cocoa-containing samples SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Robbins, Rebecca J.; Leonczak, Jadwiga; Johnson, J. Christopher; Li, Julia; Kwik-Uribe, Catherine] Mars Inc, Analyt & Appl Sci Grp, Hackettstown, NJ USA. [Prior, Ronald L.] USDA ARS, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. [Gu, Liwei] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804189 ER PT J AU Roussel, AM Hininger, I Coves, S Cao, HP Anderson, RA AF Roussel, Anne Marie Hininger, Isabelle Coves, Sara Cao, Heping Anderson, Richard A. TI Green tea increases insulin sensitivity and decreases brain oxidative stress in fructose-fed rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Roussel, Anne Marie; Hininger, Isabelle] Univ Grenoble 1, INSERM, LBFA, Grenoble, France. [Coves, Sara] Unilever Best Foods, Paris, France. [Cao, Heping; Anderson, Richard A.] USDA ARS, Diet Gen & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804451 ER PT J AU Sebastian, R Enns, CW Goldman, JD Moshfegh, AJ AF Sebastian, Rhonda Enns, Cecilia Wilkinson Goldman, Joseph D. Moshfegh, Alanna J. TI Effect of Fast Food Consumption on Dietary Intake and Likelihood of Meeting MyPyramid Recommendations in Adults: Results from What We Eat in America, NHANES, 2003-2004 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sebastian, Rhonda; Enns, Cecilia Wilkinson; Goldman, Joseph D.; Moshfegh, Alanna J.] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804723 ER PT J AU Sempertegui, F Estrella, B Tucker, KL Hamer, DH Narvaez, X Sempertegui, M Rodriguez, A Noel, S Dallal, GD Selhub, J Meydani, SN AF Sempertegui, Fernando Estrella, Bertha Tucker, Katherine L. Hamer, Davidson H. Narvaez, Ximena Sempertegui, Mercy Rodriguez, Alicia Noel, Sabrina Dallal, Gerard D. Selhub, Jacob Meydani, Simin N. TI Metabolic Syndrome in Elderly Living in Marginal Peri-Urban Communities in Quito, Ecuador SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sempertegui, Fernando; Estrella, Bertha; Narvaez, Ximena; Sempertegui, Mercy; Rodriguez, Alicia] Corp Ecuatoriana Biotecnol, Quito, Ecuador. [Tucker, Katherine L.; Hamer, Davidson H.; Noel, Sabrina; Dallal, Gerard D.; Selhub, Jacob; Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, JMUSDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Int Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807487 ER PT J AU Shahab-Ferdows, S Anaya, MA Rosado, JL Pogribny, I Allen, LH AF Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh Aracely Anaya, Miriam Louis Rosado, Jorge Pogribny, Igor Allen, Lindsay H. TI Randomized controlled trial of vitamin B12 supplementation in Mexican women with a high prevalence of B12 deficiency; predictors of biochemical and hematological response SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh; Aracely Anaya, Miriam; Allen, Lindsay H.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Aracely Anaya, Miriam; Louis Rosado, Jorge] Univ Autonoma Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico. [Pogribny, Igor] HHS, FDA, NTCR, Jackson, CA USA. [Allen, Lindsay H.] ARS, WHNRC, USDA, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806818 ER PT J AU Smith, TJ Pikosky, MA Schwartz, JM Rood, J Castaneda-Sceppa, C Glickman, E AF Smith, Tracey J. Pikosky, Matthew A. Schwartz, Jean-Marc Rood, Jennifer Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen Glickman, Ellen TI A high protein diet maintains glucose production and enhances gluconeogenesis during exercise induced energy deficit SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Smith, Tracey J.; Pikosky, Matthew A.; Glickman, Ellen] US Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA USA. [Schwartz, Jean-Marc; Rood, Jennifer] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Schwartz, Jean-Marc] Touro Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Vallego, CA USA. [Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467800210 ER PT J AU Stabel, JR Robbe-Austerman, S Davis, WC AF Stabel, Judith R. Robbe-Austerman, Suelee Davis, William C. TI Early immune markers associated with experimental Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP) infection in a neonatal calf model SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stabel, Judith R.] USDA ARS NADC, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Robbe-Austerman, Suelee] USDA APHIS VS, Ames, IA USA. [Davis, William C.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GY UT WOS:000208467700147 ER PT J AU Stewart, JW Ritland, LM Van Loan, M Genschel, U Alekel, DL AF Stewart, Jeanne Wempe Ritland, Laura M. Van Loan, Marta Genschel, Ulrike Alekel, D. Lee TI 25-Hydroxyvitamin D is related to indicators of overall physical fitness in healthy postmenopausal women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stewart, Jeanne Wempe; Ritland, Laura M.; Genschel, Ulrike; Alekel, D. Lee] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Van Loan, Marta] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GY UT WOS:000208467700390 ER PT J AU Stote, KS Clevidence, BA Baer, DJ AF Stote, Kim S. Clevidence, Beverly A. Baer, David J. TI A dose-response effect from cocoa consumption on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in adults at risk for insulin resistance SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stote, Kim S.; Clevidence, Beverly A.; Baer, David J.] USDA ARS, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804459 ER PT J AU Striffler, JS Anderson, RA AF Striffler, John Samuel Anderson, Richard A. TI Development of a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model for studies on the effects of cinnamon on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Striffler, John Samuel; Anderson, Richard A.] USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467800545 ER PT J AU Suryawan, A Jeyapalan, AS Orellana, RA Nguyen, HV Wilson, FA Davis, TA AF Suryawan, Agus Jeyapalan, Asumthia S. Orellana, Renan A. Nguyen, Hanh V. Wilson, Fiona A. Davis, Teresa A. TI Rapamycin blocks leucine-induced protein synthesis by suppressing mTORC1 activation in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Suryawan, Agus; Jeyapalan, Asumthia S.; Orellana, Renan A.; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Wilson, Fiona A.; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804552 ER PT J AU Tang, GW Qin, J Dolnikowski, G Russell, RM Grusak, MA AF Tang, Guangwen Qin, Jian Dolnikowski, Gregory Russell, Robert M. Grusak, Michael A. TI Golden Rice Can Provide Vitamin A Effectively as Assessed Using Isotope Reference Method SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tang, Guangwen; Qin, Jian; Dolnikowski, Gregory; Russell, Robert M.] Tufts Univ, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467808021 ER PT J AU Uthus, EO Ross, SA AF Uthus, Eric O. Ross, Sharon A. TI Dietary selenium (Se) and copper (Cu) interact to affect homocysteine metabolism in rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Uthus, Eric O.] USDA ARS, GF Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Ross, Sharon A.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801734 ER PT J AU Waters, D Shen, SR Kengeri, S Chiang, E Combs, GF Morris, JS Bostwick, DG AF Waters, David Shen, Shuren Kengeri, Seema Chiang, Emily Combs, Gerald F., Jr. Morris, J. Steven Bostwick, David G. TI MORE IS NOT ALWAYS BETTER: USING THE DOG MODEL TO IDENTIFY WHAT DOSE OF SELENIUM PROVIDES THE BEST PROTECTION AGAINST PROSTATE CANCER SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Waters, David; Shen, Shuren; Kengeri, Seema; Chiang, Emily] Gerald P Murphy Canc Fdn, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Waters, David; Shen, Shuren; Kengeri, Seema; Chiang, Emily] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Morris, J. Steven] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Bostwick, David G.] Bostwick Labs, Glen Allen, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801327 ER PT J AU Waters, DJ Shen, SR Kengeri, S Chiang, EC Combs, GF Morris, JS Bostwick, DG AF Waters, David J. Shen, Shuren Kengeri, Seema Chiang, Emily C. Combs, Gerald F., Jr. Morris, J. Steven Bostwick, David G. TI More is not always better: using the dog model to identify what dose of selenium provides the best protection against prostate cancer SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Waters, David J.; Shen, Shuren; Kengeri, Seema; Chiang, Emily C.] Gerald P Murphy Canc Fdn, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Waters, David J.; Shen, Shuren; Kengeri, Seema; Chiang, Emily C.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Morris, J. Steven] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Bostwick, David G.] Bostwick Labs, Glen Allen, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467805080 ER PT J AU Wilson, FA Nguyen, HV Suryawan, A Orellana, RA Jeyapalan, AS Davis, TA AF Wilson, Fiona A. Nguyen, Hanh V. Suryawan, Agus Orellana, Renan A. Jeyapalan, Asumthia S. Davis, Teresa A. TI Somatotropin Enhanced Muscle Protein Synthesis in Growing Pigs Is Not Modulated by Insulin SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wilson, Fiona A.; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Suryawan, Agus; Orellana, Renan A.; Jeyapalan, Asumthia S.; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Crit Care Med Div,Dept Ped, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804558 ER PT J AU Witbracht, MG Olney, DK Horn, WF Adams, SH Keim, NL Laugero, K Van Loan, M AF Witbracht, Megan Gage Olney, Deanna K. Horn, William F. Adams, Sean H. Keim, Nancy L. Laugero, Kevin Van Loan, Marta TI Cortisol Changes with Weight Loss and Affects Food Intake from a Buffet SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Witbracht, Megan Gage] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. [Olney, Deanna K.; Horn, William F.; Adams, Sean H.; Keim, Nancy L.; Laugero, Kevin; Van Loan, Marta] USDA, WHNRC, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467808400 ER PT J AU Woodhouse, LR Abrams, SA Chen, ZS Griffin, IJ King, JC Mendoza, C Mukherjea, R Viteri, F AF Woodhouse, Leslie R. Abrams, Steven A. Chen, Zhensheng Griffin, Ian J. King, Janet C. Mendoza, Concepcion Mukherjea, Ratna Viteri, Fernando TI Iron supplementation and changes in iron absorption and iron status during pregnancy and lactation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Woodhouse, Leslie R.] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Abrams, Steven A.; Chen, Zhensheng; Griffin, Ian J.] Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [King, Janet C.; Mendoza, Concepcion; Mukherjea, Ratna; Viteri, Fernando] Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467808453 ER PT J AU Yang, Z Lonnerdal, B Brown, KH Allen, LH Dewey, KG AF Yang, Z. Loennerdal, B. Brown, K. H. Allen, L. H. Dewey, K. G. TI Postprandial effects of iron supplementation provided either with a meal or between meals on iron status and oxidative stress SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yang, Z.; Loennerdal, B.; Brown, K. H.; Allen, L. H.; Dewey, K. G.] Univ Calif Davis, Prog Intl Com Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Allen, L. H.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467806755 ER PT J AU Yasuda, K Roneker, KR Rice, S Welch, RM Miller, DD Lei, XG AF Yasuda, Koji Roneker, Karl R. Rice, Sarah Welch, Ross M. Miller, Dennis D. Lei, Xin Gen TI Effects of three types of inulin on dietary iron bioavailability and site of their disappearance in the digestive tract of young pigs SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yasuda, Koji; Roneker, Karl R.; Rice, Sarah; Miller, Dennis D.; Lei, Xin Gen] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Welch, Ross M.] USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804268 ER PT J AU Yeum, KJ Aldini, G Rasmussen, H Carini, M Russell, RM AF Yeum, Kyung-Jin Aldini, Giancarlo Rasmussen, Helen Carini, Marina Russell, Robert M. TI Profiling Histidine Dipeptides in Plasma and Urine After Ingesting Beef, Chicken or Chicken Broth in Humans SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yeum, Kyung-Jin; Rasmussen, Helen; Russell, Robert M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Aldini, Giancarlo; Carini, Marina] Univ Milan, Ist Chim Farmaceut Tossicol, Milan, Italy. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467800622 ER PT J AU Yoshida, M Booth, SL Meigs, JB Saltzman, E Jacques, PF AF Yoshida, Makiko Booth, Sarah L. Meigs, James B. Saltzman, Edward Jacques, Paul F. TI Phylloquinone intake is associated with glucose metabolism in middle- and older-aged men and women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yoshida, Makiko; Booth, Sarah L.; Saltzman, Edward; Jacques, Paul F.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Meigs, James B.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Gen Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Meigs, James B.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Meigs, James B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467803722 ER PT J AU Yoshida, Y Li, L Duker, J Niki, E Russell, RM Yeum, KJ AF Yoshida, Yasukazu Li, Lei Duker, Jay Niki, Etsuo Russell, Robert M. Yeum, Kyung-Jin TI Effect of antioxidants on the oxidative stress in cataract patients SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yoshida, Yasukazu; Niki, Etsuo] Int Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Human Stress Signal Res Ctr, Osaka, Japan. [Li, Lei; Russell, Robert M.; Yeum, Kyung-Jin] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Duker, Jay] Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, New England Eye Ctr, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467804085 ER PT J AU Zeng, HW Botnen, JH AF Zeng, Huawei Botnen, James H. TI Selenium is critical for the regulation of tumor suppressor and pro-inflammatory gene expression in human colon Caco-2 cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zeng, Huawei; Botnen, James H.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801721 ER PT J AU Zeng, HW Uthus, EO Ross, SA Davis, CD AF Zeng, Huawei Uthus, Eric O. Ross, Sharon A. Davis, Cindy D. TI High dietary intake of sodium selenite does not affect gene mutation frequency in rat colon and liver SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zeng, Huawei; Uthus, Eric O.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Ross, Sharon A.; Davis, Cindy D.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467801709 ER PT J AU Zhang, JJJ Schoene, NW Cheng, ZH Yu, LL Cheng, WH Lei, KY AF Zhang, Jason J. J. Schoene, Norberta W. Cheng, Zhihong Yu, Liangli Lucy Cheng, Wen Hsing Lei, Kai Y. TI The polycyclic flavonoid, trifolirhizin, inhibits proliferation in LNCaP and PC-3 human prostate cancer cells by arresting cell cycle progression at G1/S and G2/M, respectively SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zhang, Jason J. J.; Cheng, Zhihong; Yu, Liangli Lucy; Cheng, Wen Hsing; Lei, Kai Y.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Schoene, Norberta W.] USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467800860 ER PT J AU Zhao, L Lee, JY Hwang, DH AF Zhao, Ling Lee, Joo Y. Hwang, Daniel H. TI The Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway Negatively Regulates Nod2-Mediated NF-kappaB Pathway SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zhao, Ling] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, WHNRC, ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lee, Joo Y.] Gwangju Inst Sci adn Technol, Dept Life Sci, Kwangju, South Korea. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467803480 ER PT J AU Zhu, L Miller, D Nelson, D Glahn, R AF Zhu, Le Miller, Dennis Nelson, Deanna Glahn, Raymond TI Soluble ferric pyrophosphate: A novel iron source for individuals with high iron needs SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zhu, Le; Miller, Dennis] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Nelson, Deanna] BioLink Life Sci Inc, Cary, NC USA. [Glahn, Raymond] USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GY UT WOS:000208467700740 ER PT J AU Zingg, JM Negis, Y Gianello, R Libinaki, R Ogru, E Meydani, M Azzi, A AF Zingg, Jean-Marc Negis, Yesim Gianello, Robert Libinaki, Roksan Ogru, Esra Meydani, Mohsen Azzi, Angelo TI Molecular and cellular effects of alpha-, and gamma-tocopheryl phosphate on THP-1 monocytes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zingg, Jean-Marc; Negis, Yesim; Meydani, Mohsen; Azzi, Angelo] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Gianello, Robert; Libinaki, Roksan; Ogru, Esra] Monash Univ, Phosphagen R&D Lab, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V25GZ UT WOS:000208467807562 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Mahoney, N Chan, KL Molyneux, RJ May, GS Campbell, BC AF Kim, Jong H. Mahoney, Noreen Chan, Kathleen L. Molyneux, Russell J. May, Gregory S. Campbell, Bruce C. TI Chemosensitization of fungal pathogens to antimicrobial agents using benzo analogs SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Aspergillus; filamentous fungi; oxidative stress response; HOG1; strobilurin ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DRUG-RESISTANCE; REDOX; STRESS; PATHWAY; BENZALDEHYDES; INHIBITION AB Activities of conventional antifungal agents, fludioxonil, strobilurin and antimycin A, which target the oxidative and osmotic stress response systems, were elevated by coapplication of certain benzo analogs (aldehydes and acids). Fungal tolerance to 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde or 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid was found to rely upon mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) or glutathione reductase (GLR1), genes regulated by the HOG1 signaling pathway, respectively. Thus, certain benzo analogs can be effective at targeting cellular oxidative stress response systems. The ability of these compounds to chemosensitize fungi for improved control with conventional antifungal agents is discussed. C1 [Kim, Jong H.; Mahoney, Noreen; Chan, Kathleen L.; Molyneux, Russell J.; Campbell, Bruce C.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [May, Gregory S.] Univ Texas Houston, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Div Pathol & Lab Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Campbell, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bcc@pw.usda.gov NR 35 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD APR PY 2008 VL 281 IS 1 BP 64 EP 72 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01072.x PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 270ZM UT WOS:000253758700010 PM 18284447 ER PT J AU Robinson, JE Singh, R Kays, SE AF Robinson, Jaclyn E. Singh, Rakesh Kays, Sandra E. TI Evaluation of an automated hydrolysis and extraction method for quantification of total fat, lipid classes and trans fat in cereal products SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE fat extraction; acid hydrolysis; total fat; saturated fat; polyunsaturated fat; monounsaturated fat; trans fat ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACID-HYDROLYSIS; FOODS; SOXHLET AB The utility of an automated acid hydrolysis-extraction (AHE) system was evaluated for extraction of fat for the quantification of total, saturated, polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and trans fat in cereal products. Oil extracted by the AHE system was assessed for total fat gravimetrically and by capillary gas chromatography (GC) for total fat, lipid classes, and trans fat. All AHE system results were compared with parallel determinations using the standard AOAC Method 996.01 or a modified version for trans fatty acids. For gravimetric and gas chromatographic evaluations, the AHE system results were equivalent to those using the standard AOAC Method (alpha = 0.01). Thus, the AHE oil extraction system can be used for measurement of total.. saturated, polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and trans fat with sufficient accuracy for nutrition labeling purposes, while having the advantages of reduced use of solvent, operator exposure to solvent, operator time, and potential for operator error. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kays, Sandra E.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Robinson, Jaclyn E.; Singh, Rakesh] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Kays, SE (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM sandra.kays@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2008 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1144 EP 1150 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.09.041 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 246JU UT WOS:000252004100023 ER PT J AU Wang, SY Bowman, L Ding, M AF Wang, Shiow Y. Bowman, Linda Ding, Min TI Methyl jasmonate enhances antioxidant activity and flavonoid content in blackberries (Rubus sp.) and promotes antiproliferation of human cancer cells SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE antioxidant activity; antiproliferation; blackberries; methyl jasmonate; Rubus sp. ID ANTHOCYANIN ACCUMULATION; PROTEIN-1 ACTIVATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CAPACITY; STRAWBERRY; OXYGEN; PROLIFERATION; APOPTOSIS; LEAVES; FRUITS AB The effects of preharvest methyl jasmonate (MJ) application on fruit quality, antioxidant activity and flavonoid content in blackberries (Rubus sp.) were determined. Anticancer activity against human lung A549 cells and HL-60 leukemia cells was also evaluated. Three blackberry cultivars (Chester Thornless, Hull Thornless and Triple Crown) were used in these experiments. Blackberries treated with MJ (0.01 and 0.1 mM) had higher soluble solids content, and lower titratable acids than untreated fruit as well as enhanced content of flavonoids and increased antioxidant capacity. Extracts of treated fruit showed enhanced inhibition of A549 cell and HL-60 cell proliferation and induced the apoptosis of HL-60 cells. Cultivar Hull Thornless had higher soluble solids and lower titratable acids compared to cv. Chester Thornless and Triple Crown. On the basis of fresh weight of fruit, Hull Thornless also had significantly higher anthocyanin, total phenolic content, antioxidant and antiproliferation activity than other two cultivars. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wang, Shiow Y.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruit & Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bowman, Linda; Ding, Min] NIOSH, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Wang, SY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruit & Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM shiow.wang@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 72 Z9 80 U1 4 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2008 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1261 EP 1269 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.09.065 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 246JU UT WOS:000252004100037 ER PT J AU Lee, JM Kennedy, JA Devlin, C Redhead, M Rennaker, C AF Lee, Jungmin Kennedy, James A. Devlin, Chuck Redhead, Mark Rennaker, Christopher TI Effect of early seed removal during fermentation on proanthocyanidin extraction in red wine: A commercial production example SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Vitis vinifera; wine; tannin; seed; removal; proanthocyanidin; commercial scale AB Wines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Merlot) were made by a commercial winery to examine the effects of seed removal at similar to 10 degrees Brix on the extraction of proanthocyanidins during fermentation. Seeds were removed at the point when they fell to the bottom of the fermenter, and were thus easily removed during regular pump-over operations. Proanthocyanidin extraction was compared to wine made from traditional winemaking regime in which no seed removal occurred. Proanthocyanidin differences observed in the wines were minor. The control wine contained a slightly higher percentage molar proportion of seed proanthocyanidins ((-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate extension and terminal subunits), demonstrating higher seed tannin extraction, and the seed removed wine contained a higher percentage molar proportion of skin proanthocyanidin indicators ((-)-epigallocatechin extension subunits). Seed removed Merlot wines had higher concentrations of total anthocyanins. Minor differences in colour measurement values between the two wines were also observed. The control wine was slightly more orange (larger hue angle, h degrees), lighter (larger L(*) value), and more saturated (higher chroma value, C(*)) in colour. This appears to be the first paper to report the effects of early seed removal in Merlot winemaking, and demonstrates how winery tannin management techniques contribute to proanthocyanidin composition. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, Jungmin; Rennaker, Christopher] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab Worksite, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Kennedy, James A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Devlin, Chuck; Redhead, Mark] Ste Chapelle Winery, Caldwell, NJ USA. RP Lee, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab Worksite, 29603 U I Lane, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM jlee@uidaho.edu RI Kennedy, James/A-1636-2012; Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Kennedy, James/0000-0002-5453-8469; Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2008 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1270 EP 1273 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.08.041 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 246JU UT WOS:000252004100038 ER PT J AU Sheen, S Hwang, CA AF Sheen, Shiowshuh Hwang, Cheng-An TI Modeling transfer of Listeria monocytogenes from slicer to deli meat during mechanical slicing SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Listeria monocytogenes has been implicated in several listeriosis outbreaks linked to the consumption of presliced ready-to-eat (RTE) deli meats. The possible contamination of sliced RTE meats by L. monocytogenes during the slicing process has become a public health concern. The objectives of this study were to investigate the transfer phenomena of L. monocytogenes between a meat slicer and ham slices, and to develop empirical models to describe the transfer during slicing. A six-strain cocktail of L. monocytogenes was inoculated onto a slicer blade to an initial level of approximately 3, 6, or 9 log(10) colony-forming units (CFU)/blade (2,5, or 8 log CFU/cm(2) of the blade edge area), and then the ham was sliced to a thickness of 1 to 2 mm (Case I). As a second cross-contamination scenario (Case II), a clean blade was used to slice ham previously inoculated with L. monocytogenes (3, 6, or 9 log(10) CFU per meat surface of ca. 100 cm(2)) prior to slicing uninoculated ham. The ham slicing rate was maintained at an average of three to four slices per minute for both Case I and II. Although the overall recovery ratio, including slicer surfaces and collected ham slices, was less than 100%, more ham slices were contaminated with L. monocytogenes when the blade was contaminated with higher initial levels of L. monocytogenes. Empirical models were developed to describe the transfer of L. monocytogenes between blade and ham slices. The models may be applied to predict the number of ham slices that may be contaminated by a L. monocytogenes-contaminated slicer during ham slicing operation. However, the models are both microbial load and contamination route dependent, which might limit their applications to certain conditions. This study showed the initial step for the development of surface transfer model and discussed the factors that might need to be considered and included in future study to expand the model applications. C1 [Sheen, Shiowshuh; Hwang, Cheng-An] USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Sheen, S (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM shiowshuh.sheen@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 11 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 5 IS 2 BP 135 EP 146 DI 10.1089/fpd.2007.0049 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 293HJ UT WOS:000255326000004 PM 18361687 ER PT J AU Soni, KA Jesudhasan, PR Cepeda, M Williams, B Hume, M Russell, WK Jayaraman, A Pillai, SD AF Soni, Kamlesh A. Jesudhasan, Palmy R. Cepeda, Martha Williams, Brad Hume, Michael Russell, William K. Jayaraman, Arul Pillai, Suresh D. TI Autoinducer AI-2 is involved in regulating a variety of cellular processes in Salmonella typhimurium SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID QUORUM-SENSING SIGNAL; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LUXS; VIRULENCE; ENTERICA; IDENTIFICATION; COMMUNICATION; EXPRESSION; PROTEOMICS; GENES AB Salmonella Typhimurium is known to exhibit LuxS/AI-2-mediated cell signaling. We investigated the role of LuxS/AI-2 system on Salmonella Typhimurium protein expression using a proteomics approach based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (21)GE)-MALDI-MS. The global protein expression profiles of the wild-type, a luxS mutant, and a luxS mutant strain supplemented with AT-2 were compared. Seven proteins were differentially expressed when comparing the wild-type and luxS mutant strains, whereas 13 proteins were differentially expressed when comparisons were made between luxS mutant strains with and without AI-2 supplementation. The seven proteins that were differentially expressed between the wildtype and the luxS mutant strain were also differentially expressed in the luxS mutant strain supplemented with AI-2. The level of PhoP, a virulence determinant, was higher in the presence of AI-2. Proteins associated with the carbohydrate metabolism (pjkA, gpmI, and talB) and ATP synthesis (Pta gene product) were up-regulated by the presence of AI-2 molecules. These results provide experimental evidence that AI-2 molecules regulate a variety of cellular processes in Salmonella Typhimurium. C1 [Soni, Kamlesh A.; Jesudhasan, Palmy R.; Cepeda, Martha; Hume, Michael; Pillai, Suresh D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Food Safety & Environm Microbiol Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Soni, Kamlesh A.; Jesudhasan, Palmy R.; Cepeda, Martha; Hume, Michael; Pillai, Suresh D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Food Safety & Environm Microbiol Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hume, Michael] USDA, ARS, SPARC, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Williams, Brad; Russell, William K.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, Lab Biol Mass Spectrometry, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Jayaraman, Arul] Texas A&M Univ, Atrie McFerrin Dept Chem Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Pillai, SD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Food Safety & Environm Microbiol Program, 418D Kleberg Ctr,MS 2472, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM spillai@poultry.tamu.edu NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 5 IS 2 BP 147 EP 153 DI 10.1089/fpd.2007.0050 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 293HJ UT WOS:000255326000005 PM 18361683 ER PT J AU Bari, ML Ukuku, DO Mori, M Kawamoto, S Yamamoto, K AF Bari, M. L. Ukuku, D. O. Mori, M. Kawamoto, S. Yamamoto, K. TI Effect of hydrostatic pressure pulsing on the inactivation of Salmonella enteritidis in liquid whole egg SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INJURY; FOODS AB Eggs and egg-containing foods contaminated with bacterial human pathogens have been implicated in numerous foodborne outbreaks leading to costly recalls. Research was undertaken to investigate the use of high pressure-pulse treatment to inactivate Salmonella Enteritidis inoculated in liquid egg. Liquid egg was inoculated with Salmonella Enteritidis (8.0 log colony-forming units [CFU]/mL) and exposed to hydrostatic pressures (300-400 MPa) and pressure (350 MPa) pulsing at 25 degrees C, 40 degrees C, and 50 degrees C for up to 40 minutes to determine the maximum allowable pressure that can inactivate the Salmonella with minimal injury. Pressure treatments (350 and 400 MPa) at 25 degrees C for up to 40 minutes reduced the population of Salmonella Enteritidis by approximately 4.8 and 6.0 log(10) CFU/mL, respectively. High pressure (350 MPa) treatment at 50 degrees C and 2-minute pulses at four cycles for a total of 11.4 minutes, including the come-up and come-down times, led to a significant (p < 0.05) inactivation of Salmonella Enteritidis in liquid egg without causing coagulation. However coagulation occurred in the liquid egg at 400 MPa pressure treatment for 10 minutes at 50 degrees C. No Salmonella population was recovered in this liquid egg stored at 4 degrees C, 25 degrees C, and 37 degrees C for 24 hours suggesting that 350 MPa hydrostatic pressure and pulsing treatment is a better alternative for inactivation of Salmonella in liquid egg than continuous pressure treatment. C1 [Bari, M. L.] Natl Food Res Inst, Food Hyg Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. [Ukuku, D. O.] USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Mori, M.] Ifuji Sangyo Co Ltd, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Bari, ML (reprint author), Natl Food Res Inst, Food Hyg Lab, Kannondai-2-1-12, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. EM latiful@affrc.go.jp NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 5 IS 2 BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1089/fpd.2007.0055 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 293HJ UT WOS:000255326000008 PM 18377201 ER PT J AU Callaway, TR Edrington, TS Brabban, AD Anderson, RC Rossman, ML Engler, MJ Carr, MA Genovese, KJ Keen, JE Looper, ML Kutter, EM Nisbet, DJ AF Callaway, Todd R. Edrington, Tom S. Brabban, Andrew D. Anderson, Robin C. Rossman, Michelle L. Engler, Mike J. Carr, Mandy A. Genovese, Ken J. Keen, James E. Looper, Mike L. Kutter, Elizabeth M. Nisbet, David J. TI Bacteriophage isolated from feedlot cattle can reduce Escherichia coli O157 : H7 Populations in ruminant gastrointestinal tracts SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; BEEF; INFECTION; FECES; INTERVENTIONS; COLONIZATION; PATHOGENS; ANIMALS; SHEEP; WATER AB Escherichia coli O157:H7 can live undetected in the gut of food animals and be spread to humans directly and indirectly. Bacteriophages are viruses that prey on bacteria, offering a natural, nonantibiotic method to reduce pathogens from the food supply. Here we show that a cocktail of phages isolated from commercial cattle feces reduced E. coli O157:H7 populations in the gut of experimentally inoculated sheep. A cocktail of phages was used in order to prevent the development of resistance to the phages. In our first in vivo study we found that our cocktail of phages reduced E. coli O157:H7 populations in the feces of sheep (p < 0.05) by 24 hours after phage treatment. Upon necropsy, populations of inoculated E. coli O157:H7 were reduced by phage treatment in both the cecum (p < 0.05) and rectum (p < 0.1). In our second in vivo study, several ratios of phage plaque-forming units (PFU) to E. coli O157:H7 colony-forming units (CFU) were used (0:1, 1:1, 10:1, and 100:1 PFU/CFU) to determine the most efficacious phage dose. A 1:1 ratio of phage to bacteria was found to be more effective (p < 0.05) than either of the higher ratios used (10:1 or 100:1). Ruminal levels of E. coli O157:H7 were not significantly reduced (p > 0.10) in any of the studies due to relatively low inoculated E. coli O157:H7 ruminal populations. Our results demonstrate that phage can be used as a preharvest intervention as part of an integrated pathogen reduction scheme. C1 [Callaway, Todd R.; Edrington, Tom S.; Anderson, Robin C.; Genovese, Ken J.; Nisbet, David J.] USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Brabban, Andrew D.; Kutter, Elizabeth M.] Evergreen State Coll, Olympia, WA 98505 USA. [Rossman, Michelle L.; Carr, Mandy A.] Natl Cattlemens Beef Assoc, Centennial, CO USA. [Engler, Mike J.] Cactus Feeders, Amarillo, TX USA. [Keen, James E.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Looper, Mike L.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. RP Callaway, TR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM callaway@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 37 TC 81 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 5 IS 2 BP 183 EP 191 DI 10.1089/fpd.2007.0057 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 293HJ UT WOS:000255326000009 PM 18407757 ER PT J AU Nisbet, DJ Callaway, TR Edrington, TS Anderson, RC Poole, TL AF Nisbet, David J. Callaway, Todd R. Edrington, Tom S. Anderson, Robin C. Poole, Toni L. TI Effects of lonophores on Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium growth in pure and mixed ruminal culture SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI; MONENSIN; FERMENTATION; RUMEN; MICROORGANISMS; COLONIZATION; ANTIBIOTICS; IONOPHORES; BACTERIA; ANIMALS AB Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium are gram-positive human pathogens that can live in the gastrointestinal tract of food animals. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci are an increasing threat to humans as a nosocomial infection, as well as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes. lonophores are feed-grade antimicrobials that are widely used to enhance the ruminal fermentation efficiency via inhibiting gram-positive bacteria by dissipating ion and proton gradients. Some bacteria can become resistant to ionophores, and this has prompted concerns about whether ionophore resistance can enhance antibiotic resistance in intestinal bacteria. Since enterococci are normal members of the ruminant intestinal tract and function as an antibiotic resistance reservoir, the present study investigated whether treatment with the most commonly used ionophores affected the growth of enterococci, and whether ionophore-resistant enterococci developed. lonophores do inhibit the growth of enterococci in pure culture, but in our study did not alter populations in mixed ruminal bacterial culture. lonophore-resistant isolates were not isolated during this study from pure or mixed cultures. Our results indicate that the role of ionophores in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes through the intestinal Enterococcus spp. appears to be limited. C1 [Nisbet, David J.; Callaway, Todd R.; Edrington, Tom S.; Anderson, Robin C.; Poole, Toni L.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Nisbet, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM d-nisbet@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 5 IS 2 BP 193 EP 198 DI 10.1089/fpd.2007.0058 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 293HJ UT WOS:000255326000010 PM 18370609 ER PT J AU Dowd, SE Killinger-Mann, K Brashears, M Fralick, J AF Dowd, Scot E. Killinger-Mann, Karen Brashears, Mindy Fralick, Joe TI Evaluation of gene expression in a single antibiotic exposure-derived isolate of Salmonella enterica typhimurium 14028 possessing resistance to multiple antibiotics SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND 2; LEVEL FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE; ORGANIC-SOLVENT TOLERANCE; MULTIDRUG EFFLUX SYSTEMS; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; III SECRETION SYSTEM; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS AB Antibiotics are important tools used to control infections. Unfortunately, microbes can become resistant to antibiotics, which limit the drugs' usefulness for clinical and veterinary use. It is necessary to improve our understanding of mechanisms that contribute to or enhance antibiotic resistance. Using nalidixic acid (NA) exposure as a sole selective agent, a resistant strain of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium 14028 was derived (2a) that had acquired resistance to chloramphenicol, sulfisoxazole, cefoxitin, tetracycline, and NA. We employed gene array analysis to further characterize this derivative. Results indicate a significant difference (FDR < 5%) in the expression of 338 genes (fold regulation > 1.3) between the derivative and the parent strain growing exponentially under the same conditions at 37 degrees C. Strain 2a showed comparative induction of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI2) transcripts and repression of SPI1 genes. Differences in expression were related to efflux pumps (increased expression), porins (decreased expression), type III secretion systems (increased expression), lipopolysaccharide synthesis (decreased expression), motility-related genes (decreased expression), and PhoP/PhoQ and peptidoglycan synthesis (increased expression). It appears that 2a developed altered regulation of gene expression to decrease the influx and increase the efflux of deleterious environmental agents (antibiotics) into and out of the cell, respectively. Mechanism(s) by which this was accomplished or the reason for alterations in gene expression of other genetic systems (curli, flagella, PhoP/PhoQ, and peptidoglycan) are not immediately apparent. Evaluation of transcriptomes within multiple antibiotic-resistant mutants hopefully will enable us to better understand those generalized mechanisms by which bacteria become resistant to multiple antibiotics. Future work in sequencing these genomes and evaluating pathogenicity are suggested. C1 [Dowd, Scot E.] USDA, ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Killinger-Mann, Karen] Washington State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Brashears, Mindy] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Food Technol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Fralick, Joe] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. RP Dowd, SE (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, 1604 E FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM sdowd@lbk.ars.usda.gov NR 100 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 5 IS 2 BP 205 EP 221 DI 10.1089/fpd.2007.0062 PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 293HJ UT WOS:000255326000012 PM 18407759 ER PT J AU Hse, CY Fu, F Pan, H AF Hse, Chung-Yun Fu, Feng Pan, Hui TI Melamine-modified urea formaldehyde resin for bonding particleboards SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB For the development of a cost-effective melamine-modified urea formaldehyde resin (MUF), the study evaluated the effects of reaction pH and melamine content on resin properties and bond performance of the MUF resin adhesive systems. Eight resins, each with three replicates, were prepared in a factorial experiment that included two formulation variables: two reaction pHs (i.e., 4.5 and 8.0) and four molar ratios of formaldehyde to urea to melamine (i.e., 3/2.2/0.3, 3/2.2/0.2, 3/2.2/0.1, and 3/2.2/0.05). Variables in particleboard preparation were two hot-press cured times (2 and 4 min). Thus, with two panel replications, a total of 96 panels were fabricated. Melamine content significantly affected resin properties and glue bond quality: gel time decreased, solid content increased, internal bond strength increased, thickness swell and water absorption decreased, and formaldehyde emission decreased as melamine content increased. In general, the resins catalyzed under acidic conditions (pH 4.5) resulted in faster gel times, higher internal bond strengths, lower formaldehyde emissions, and lower thickness swell and water adsorption than those catalyzed under alkaline conditions (pH 8.0). Significant correlation between gel time with both internal bond strength and formaldehyde emission suggest that resins with fast curing speeds provided favorable conditions for attaining a higher degree of resin cure, and in turn led to better bond strength and lower formaldehyde emission. C1 [Hse, Chung-Yun] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Sta, Pineville, LA USA. [Fu, Feng] Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Wood Ind, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Pan, Hui] Louisiana State Univ, Calhoun Res Sta, AgCtr, Calhoun, LA USA. RP Hse, CY (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Sta, Pineville, LA USA. EM chse@fs.fed.us; feng@caf.ac.cn; hpan1@lsu.edu NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 13 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 58 IS 4 BP 56 EP 61 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 292TO UT WOS:000255289200006 ER PT J AU Shupe, TF Groom, LH Eberhardt, TL Pesacreta, TC Rials, TG AF Shupe, Todd F. Groom, Leslie H. Eberhardt, Thomas L. Pesacreta, Thomas C. Rials, Timothy G. TI Selected mechanical and physical properties of Chinese tallow tree juvenile wood SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MOISTURE-CONTENT; SHRINKAGE; OUTERWOOD; COTTONWOOD; MIDDLEWOOD; COREWOOD; BIOMASS AB Chinese tallow tree is a noxious, invasive plant in the Southeastern United States. It is generally considered a nuisance and has no current commercial use. The objective of this research was to determine the moduli of rupture (MOR) and elasticity (MOE) of the stem wood of this species at different vertical sampling locations. Three Chinese tallow trees were felled and cut into bolts before sampling along the east and west radial directions. It was found that Chinese tallow tree has sufficient bending strength for low to medium structural uses. Tree, bolt, and sampling direction were all found to be significant sources of variation for the MOR and MOE data. C1 [Shupe, Todd F.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Louisiana Forest Prod Dev Ctr, AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Groom, Leslie H.; Eberhardt, Thomas L.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Southern Res Sta, Pinville, LA USA. [Pesacreta, Thomas C.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Microscopy Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA. [Rials, Timothy G.] Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Dev Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Shupe, TF (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Louisiana Forest Prod Dev Ctr, AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM tshupe@agcenter.lsu.edu; lgroom@fs.fed.us; teberhardt@fs.fed.us; tcp9769@louisiana.edu; trials@utk.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 58 IS 4 BP 90 EP 93 PG 4 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 292TO UT WOS:000255289200012 ER PT J AU Majumdar, I Teeter, L Butler, B AF Majumdar, Indrajit Teeter, Lawrence Butler, Brett TI Characterizing family forest owners: A cluster analysis approach SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE family forest; cluster analysis; landowner motivation; nonindustrial private forest owners; National Woodland Owner Survey ID ECONOMETRIC-ANALYSIS; PRIVATE; DECISION; TIMBER; MOTIVATIONS; MANAGEMENT; OBJECTIVES; INDUSTRIAL; LAND AB For policy implementation to promote better stewardship on family forestlands, it is necessary to understand what motivates landowners. This study characterizes family forest owners in Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina, based on their feelings about forest stewardship and their stated reasons for owning forestland. Multivariate cluster analysis suggests that family forest owners are, in fact, a diverse set of owners who can be grouped into three attitudinal types, namely, multiple-objective, nontimber, and timber. The multiple-objective ownership type was found to be the largest group (49.1% of respondents) with almost half the family forest owners in the sample population belonging to this category. Owners belonging to the timber cluster (29.4%) indicated only timber management and land investment as strong motivating factors behind their forestland ownership, whereas owners belonging to the nontimber cluster (21.5%) value the nonconsumptive uses of their forestland such as aesthetic values, biodiversity, recreation, and privacy. C1 [Majumdar, Indrajit; Teeter, Lawrence] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Butler, Brett] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01005 USA. RP Majumdar, I (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, 602 Duncan Dr,3301 Forestry & Wildlife Bldg, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM majumin@auburn.edu; teeteld@auburn.edu; bbutler0l@fs.fed.us NR 44 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 5 U2 17 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 54 IS 2 BP 176 EP 184 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 285PM UT WOS:000254788700007 ER PT J AU Eskelson, BNI Temesgen, H Barrett, TM AF Eskelson, Bianca N. I. Temesgen, Hailemariam Barrett, Tara M. TI Comparison of stratified and non-stratified most similar neighbour imputation for estimating stand tables SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION; AERIAL ATTRIBUTES; BASAL AREA; PREDICTION AB Many growth and yield simulators require a stand table or tree-list to set the initial condition for projections in time. Most similar neighbour (MSN) approaches can be used for estimating stand tables from information commonly available on forest cover maps (e.g. height, volume, per cent canopy cover and species composition). Simulations were used to compare MSN (using an entire database) with two stratified MSN approaches. The first stratified MSN approach used species composition to partition the population into two inventory type strata, while the second stratified MSN approach used average stand age to partition the data into two stand development stages (strata). The MSN approach was used within the whole population and within each stratum to select a reference stand and to impute the ground variables of the reference stand to each target stand. Observed vs estimated stand tables were then compared for the stratified and non-stratified simulations. The imputation within a stratum did not result in better estimates than using the MSN approach within the whole population. Possible reasons for poor performance of stratified MSN are provided. C1 [Eskelson, Bianca N. I.; Temesgen, Hailemariam] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Barrett, Tara M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. RP Temesgen, H (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, 280 Peavy Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM hailemariam.temesgen@oregonstate.edu RI Eskelson, Bianca/P-6095-2016 OI Eskelson, Bianca/0000-0002-3398-2333 NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD APR PY 2008 VL 81 IS 2 BP 125 EP 134 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpn003 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 302SE UT WOS:000255988800001 ER PT J AU Gove, JH Ducey, MJ Leak, WB Zhang, L AF Gove, Jeffrey H. Ducey, Mark J. Leak, William B. Zhang, Lianjun TI Rotated sigmoid structures in managed uneven-aged northern hardwood stands: a look at the Burr Type III distribution SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID DIAMETER DISTRIBUTIONS; FINITE MIXTURE; FOREST STANDS; GROWTH; INCOME AB Stand structures from a combined density manipulation and even- to uneven-aged conversion experiment on the Bartlett Experimental Forest (New Hampshire, USA) were examined 25 years after initial treatment for rotated sigmoidal diameter distributions. A comparison was made on these stands between two probability density functions for fitting these residual structures: the Burr Type III and a finite mixture of Weibulls. All stands exhibited some form of uneven-aged structure (either reverse J or rotated sigmoid) after 25 years. The Burr distribution fit the final distributions as well as the more complicated finite mixture model in all cases. C1 [Gove, Jeffrey H.; Leak, William B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Ducey, Mark J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Zhang, Lianjun] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Gove, JH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM jgove@fs.fed.us RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 NR 40 TC 28 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD APR PY 2008 VL 81 IS 2 BP 161 EP 176 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpm025 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 302SE UT WOS:000255988800004 ER PT J AU Van Deusen, PC Roesch, FA AF Van Deusen, Paul C. Roesch, Francis A. TI Alternative definitions of growth and removals and implications for forest sustainability SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID INDICATORS; MANAGEMENT; CRITERIA AB Alternative definitions for growth and removals from a forest being monitored over time are discussed. It is shown that the definitions that are used in practice may not be what one would expect and estimates can vary substantially under alternative definitions. This can result in conclusions about forest sustainability that may be misleading. Alternative definitions are applied to selected states using US Department of Agriculture Forest Service inventory data. Standard errors of growth over removals ratios are used to indicate potential sustainability problems for selected forest types. C1 [Van Deusen, Paul C.] NCASI, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Roesch, Francis A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Van Deusen, PC (reprint author), NCASI, 600 Suffolk St, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM pvandeusen@ncasi.org NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD APR PY 2008 VL 81 IS 2 BP 177 EP 182 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpn008 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 302SE UT WOS:000255988800005 ER PT J AU McKean, JA Isaak, DJ Wright, CW AF McKean, Jim A. Isaak, Dan J. Wright, Charles W. TI Geomorphic controls on salmon nesting patterns described by a new, narrow-beam terrestrial-aquatic lidar SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID LANDSCAPES AB Riverine aquatic biodiversity is rapidly being lost worldwide, but preservation efforts are hampered, in part because studies of these dynamic environments are limited by cost and logistics to small local surveys. Full understanding of stream ecosystems requires precise, high-resolution mapping of entire stream networks and adjacent landforms. We use a narrow-beam, water-penetrating, green lidar system to continuously map 10 km of a mountain stream channel, including its floodplain topography, and wavelet analyses to investigate spatial patterns of channel morphology and salmon spawning. Results suggest the broadest fluvial domains are a legacy of approximately 15 000 years of post-glacial valley evolution and that local pool-riffle channel topography is controlled by contemporary hydraulics operating on this broad template. Salmon spawning patterns closely reflect these hierarchical physical domains, demonstrating how geomorphic history can influence modem distributions of aquatic habitat and organisms. The new terrestrial-aquatic lidar could catalyze rapid advances in understanding, managing, and monitoring of valuable aquatic ecosystems through unprecedented and attendant analyses. C1 [McKean, Jim A.; Isaak, Dan J.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Wright, Charles W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Wallops Flight Facil, Wallops Isl, VA 23337 USA. RP McKean, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM jmckean@fs-fed.us RI McKean, Jim/C-3581-2011; Isaak, Dan/C-8818-2011 NR 16 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 12 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD APR PY 2008 VL 6 IS 3 BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1890/070109 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 282WF UT WOS:000254597200017 ER PT J AU Burns, DA Blett, T Haeuber, R Pardo, LH AF Burns, Douglas A. Blett, Tamara Haeuber, Richard Pardo, Linda H. TI Critical loads as a policy tool for protecting ecosystems from the effects of air pollutants SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; ACID-RAIN; FORESTS; MANAGEMENT AB Framing the effects of air pollutants on ecosystems in terms of a "critical load" provides a meaningful approach for research scientists to communicate policy-relevant science to air-quality policy makers and natural resource managers. A critical-loads approach has been widely used to shape air-pollutant control policy in Europe since the 1980s, yet has only rarely been applied in the US. Recently, however, interest in applying a critical-loads approach to managing sulfur and nitrogen air pollutants in the US has been growing, as evidenced by several recent conferences, a new critical-loads sub-committee within the National Atmospheric Deposition Program, and nascent efforts by several federal agencies to apply critical loads to land management. Here, we describe the critical-loads concept, including some of its limitations, and indicate how critical loads can better inform future air-pollutant control policy in the US. C1 [Burns, Douglas A.] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Blett, Tamara] Natl Pk Serv, Air Resources Div, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Haeuber, Richard] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Pardo, Linda H.] USDA, Forest Serv, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. RP Burns, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM daburns@usgs.gov RI Burns, Douglas/A-7507-2009 NR 24 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 13 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD APR PY 2008 VL 6 IS 3 BP 156 EP 159 DI 10.1890/070040 PG 4 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 282WF UT WOS:000254597200022 ER PT J AU Seong, KY Zhao, X Xu, JR Guldener, U Kistler, HC AF Seong, Kye-Yong Zhao, Xinhua Xu, Jin-Rong Gueldener, Ulrich Kistler, H. Corby TI Conidial germination in the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gibberella zeae; transcriptome; development ID NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; SPORE GERMINATION; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; YEAST; WHEAT; BIOSYNTHESIS; INSIGHTS AB The ascomycetous fungus Fusarium graminearum is an important plant pathogen causing Fusarium head blight disease of wheat and barley. To understand early developmental stages of this organism, we followed the germination of macroconidia microscopically to understand the timing of key events. These events, recorded after suspension of spores in liquid germination medium, included spore swelling at 2 h, germination tube emergence and elongation from conidia at 8 h and hyphal branching at 24 h. To understand changes in gene expression during these developmental changes, RNA was isolated from spores and used to interrogate the F graminearum Affymetrix GeneChip. RNAs corresponding to 5813 genes were detected in fresh spores and 5146, 5249 and 5993, respectively, in spores incubated in germination medium after 2, 8 or 24 h (P < 0.001). Gene expression data were used to predict the cellular and physiological state of each developmental stage for known processes. Predictions were confirmed microscopically for several previously unreported developmental events such as manifestation of peroxisomes in fresh spores and nuclear division resulting in binuclear cells within macroconidia prior to spore germination. Knowledge of stage-specific gene expression and changes in gene expression levels between developmental stages are an important first step to understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible for spore germination and development. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Seong, Kye-Yong; Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Zhao, Xinhua; Xu, Jin-Rong] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gueldener, Ulrich] Natl Res Ctr Environm & Hlth, GSF, Inst Bioinformat, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. RP Kistler, HC (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, 1551 Lindig St, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM hckist@umn.edu RI Guldener, Ulrich/G-5227-2012 OI Guldener, Ulrich/0000-0001-5052-8610 NR 35 TC 84 Z9 88 U1 2 U2 27 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 45 IS 4 BP 389 EP 399 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2007.09.002 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 285UD UT WOS:000254800800002 PM 17950638 ER PT J AU Ward, TJ Clear, RM Rooney, AP O'Donnell, K Gaba, D Patrick, S Starkey, DE Gilbert, J Geiser, DM Nowicki, TW AF Ward, Todd J. Clear, Randall M. Rooney, Alejandro P. O'Donnell, Kerry Gaba, Don Patrick, Susan Starkey, David E. Gilbert, Jeannie Geiser, David M. Nowicki, Tom W. TI An adaptive evolutionary shift in Fusarium head blight pathogen populations is driving the rapid spread of more toxigenic Fusarium graminearum in North America SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptation; cline; Fusarium head blight; trichothecene; mycotoxin; 3ADON; 15ADON; deoxynivalenol; population substructure ID NATURAL OCCURRENCE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; DEOXYNIVALENOL VOMITOXIN; UNITED-STATES; WHEAT SCAB; TRICHOTHECENE; BARLEY; MYCOTOXINS; PSEUDOGRAMINEARUM AB Analysis of Fusarium head blight (FHB) pathogen diversity revealed that 3ADON producing Fusarium graminearum are prevalent in North America and identified significant population structure associated with trichothecene chemotype differences (F-ST > 0.285; P < 0.001). In addition, we identified a trichothecene chemotype cline in Canada and documented a recent and significant shift in FHB pathogen composition by demonstrating that the 3ADON chemotype frequency in western Canada increased more than 14-fold between 1998 and 2004. On average, isolates from 3ADON populations produced significantly (P < 0.05) more trichothecene and had significantly (P < 0.005) higher fecundity and growth rates than isolates front the 15ADON population. These results indicate that selection is driving the rapid spread of an introduced pathogen Population that is more toxigenic and potentially more vigorous. The discovery of this previously unrecognized pathogen diversity has significant implications for food safety and cereal production in North America. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ward, Todd J.; Rooney, Alejandro P.; O'Donnell, Kerry] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Microbial Genom & Bioprocessing Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Clear, Randall M.; Gaba, Don; Patrick, Susan; Nowicki, Tom W.] Canadian Grain Commiss, Grain Res Lab, Winnipeg, MB R3C 3G8, Canada. [Starkey, David E.] Univ Cent Arkansas, Dept Biol, Conway, AR 72035 USA. [Gilbert, Jeannie] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2M9, Canada. [Geiser, David M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Ward, TJ (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Microbial Genom & Bioprocessing Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM todd.wLti-d@Lti-s.usda.gov RI Geiser, David/J-9950-2013 NR 53 TC 212 Z9 226 U1 3 U2 47 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 45 IS 4 BP 473 EP 484 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2007.10.003 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 285UD UT WOS:000254800800008 PM 18035565 ER PT J AU Richards, MP McMurtry, JP AF Richards, Mark P. McMurtry, John P. TI Expression of proglucagon and proglucagon-derived peptide hormone receptor genes in the chicken SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chicken; gene expression; glucagon; glucagon-like peptide-1; glucagon-like peptide-2; proglucagon; prohormone convertase; receptor ID GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1; FOOD-INTAKE; MESSENGER-RNA; INTRACEREBROVENTRICULAR INJECTION; PROHORMONE CONVERTASES; ENDOCRINE-CELLS; BRAIN-STEM; INSULIN; PREPROGLUCAGON; METABOLISM AB To better understand how the proglucagon system functions in birds, we utilized a molecular cloning strategy to sequence and characterize the chicken proglucagon gene that encodes glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and GLP-2. This gene has seven exons and six introns with evidence for an additional (alternate) first exon and two promoter regions. We identified two distinct classes of proglucagon mRNA transcripts (PGA and PGB) produced by alternative splicing at their 3'-ends. These were co-expressed in all tissues examined with pancreas and proventriculus showing the highest levels of each. Although both mRNA classes contained coding sequence for glucagon and GLP-1, class A mRNA lacked that portion of the coding region (CDs) containing GLP-2; whereas, class B mRNA had a larger CDS that included GLP-2. Both classes of mRNA transcripts exhibited two variants, each with a different 5'-end arising from alternate promoter and alternate first exon usage. Fasting and refeeding had no effect on proglucagon mRNA expression despite significant changes in plasma glucagon levels. To investigate potential differences in proglucagon precursor processing among tissues, mRNA expression for two prohormone convertase (PC) genes was analyzed. PC2 mRNA was predominantly expressed in pancreas and proventriculus, whereas PC1/3 mRNA was more highly expressed in duodenum and brain. We also determined mRNA expression of the specific receptor genes for glucagon, GLP-1 and GLP-2 to help define major sites of hormone action. Glucagon receptor mRNA was most highly expressed in liver and abdominal fat, whereas GLP-1 and GLP-2 receptor genes were highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, brain, pancreas and abdominal fat. These results offer new insights into structure and function of the chicken proglucagon gene, processing of the precursor proteins produced from it and potential activity sites for proglucagon-derived peptide hormones mediated by their cognate receptors. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Richards, Mark P.; McMurtry, John P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Richards, MP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 200,Room 206,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Mark.Richards@ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD APR 1 PY 2008 VL 156 IS 2 BP 323 EP 338 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2008.01.014 PG 16 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 282VV UT WOS:000254596200012 PM 18299131 ER PT J AU Palmer, RG Zhang, L Huang, ZP Xu, M AF Palmer, Reid G. Zhang, Lei Huang, Zhiping Xu, Min TI Allelism and molecular mapping of soybean necrotic root mutants SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE disease lesion mimics; germinal revertants; molecular mapping; necrotic root; soybean ID FEMALE-STERILE MUTANT; ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENTATION; UNSTABLE MUTATION; GENETIC-LINKAGE; W4 LOCUS; MAIZE; MU; REGISTRATION; TRANSPOSONS; RESISTANCE AB Mutability of the w4 flower color locus in soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., is conditioned by an allele designated w4-m. Germinal revertants recovered among self-pollinated progeny of mutable plants have been associated with the generation of necrotic root mutations, chlorophyll-deficiency mutations, and sterility mutations. A total of 24 necrotic root mutant lines were generated from a total of 24 independent reversion events at the w4-m locus. The initial mutable population included 4 mutable categories for w4-m, designated (1) low frequency of early excisions, (2) low frequency of late excisions, (3) high frequency of early excisions, and (4) high frequency of late excisions. These mutable categories were based upon flower phenotype, i.e., somatic tissue. A total of 22 of 24 necrotic root mutations occurred from germinal reversions classified in the high frequency of excision categories. Of these 22 mutants, 14 came from early excisions and 8 came from late excisions. These necrotic root mutants were allelic to 6 previously identified necrotic root mutants derived from the study of germinal revertants, i.e., gene tagging studies, chemical mutagenesis, and "spontaneous" occurrences from genetic crosses. Thus, all 30 necrotic root mutants in soybean are allelic. An F-2 mapping population from the cross of Minsoy (Rn1 Rn1) x T328 (rn1 rn1) was used to map the Rn1 locus using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The Rn1 locus was located between Satt288 and Satt612 on molecular linkage group G. C1 [Palmer, Reid G.] Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS CICGR, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhang, Lei; Huang, Zhiping] Anhui Acad Agr Sci, Crop Res Inst, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. RP Palmer, RG (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS CICGR, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM reid.palmer@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD APR PY 2008 VL 51 IS 4 BP 243 EP 250 DI 10.1139/G08-001 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 283OJ UT WOS:000254645600002 PM 18356960 ER PT J AU Shoemaker, RC Grant, D Olson, T Warren, WC Wing, R Yu, Y Kim, H Cregan, P Joseph, B Futrell-Griggs, M Nelson, W Davito, J Walker, J Wallis, J Kremitski, C Scheer, D Clifton, SW Graves, T Nguyen, H Wu, XL Luo, MC Dvorak, J Nelson, R Cannon, S Tomkins, J Schmutz, J Stacey, G Jackson, S AF Shoemaker, Randy C. Grant, David Olson, Terry Warren, Wesley C. Wing, Rod Yu, Yeisoo Kim, HyeRan Cregan, Perry Joseph, Bindu Futrell-Griggs, Montona Nelson, Will Davito, Jon Walker, Jason Wallis, John Kremitski, Colin Scheer, Debbie Clifton, Sandra W. Graves, Tina Nguyen, Henry Wu, Xiaolei Luo, Mingcheng Dvorak, Jan Nelson, Rex Cannon, Steven Tomkins, Jeff Schmutz, Jeremy Stacey, Gary Jackson, Scott TI Microsatellite discovery from BAC end sequences and genetic mapping to anchor the soybean physical and genetic maps SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE SSR; molecular marker; genome sequence; assembly; physical map ID BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES; GLYCINE SUBGENUS SOJA; LINKAGE MAP; DNA MARKERS; REPEAT DNA; GENOME; ELECTROPHORESIS; ASSEMBLIES; ARACHNE; GENUS AB Whole-genome sequencing of the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. 'Williams 82') has made it important to integrate its physical and genetic maps. To facilitate this integration of maps, we screened 3290 microsatellites (SSRs) identified from BAC end sequences of clones comprising the 'Williams 82' physical map. SSRs were screened against 3 mapping populations. We found the AAT and ACT motifs produced the greatest frequency of length polymorphisms, ranging from 17.2% to 32.3% and from 11.8% to 33.3%, respectively. Other useful motifs include the dinucleotide repeats AG, AT, and AG, with frequency of length polymorphisms ranging from 11.2% to 18.4% (AT), 12.4% to 20.6% (AG), and 11.3% to 16.4% (GT). Repeat lengths less than 16 bp were generally less useful than repeat lengths of 40-60 bp. Two hundred and sixty-five SSRs were genetically mapped in at least one population. Of the 265 mapped SSRs, 60 came from BAC singletons not yet placed into contigs of the physical map. One hundred and ten originated in BACs located in contigs for which no genetic map location was previously known. Ninety-five SSRs came from BACs within contigs for which one or more other BACs had already been mapped. For these fingerprinted contigs (FPC) a high percentage of the mapped markers showed inconsistent map locations. A strategy is introduced by which physical and genetic map inconsistencies can be resolved using the preliminary 4 x assembly of the whole genome sequence of soybean. C1 [Shoemaker, Randy C.; Grant, David; Nelson, Rex; Cannon, Steven] USDA ARS, CICGR Unit, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Olson, Terry; Joseph, Bindu] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Warren, Wesley C.; Davito, Jon; Walker, Jason; Wallis, John; Kremitski, Colin; Scheer, Debbie; Clifton, Sandra W.; Graves, Tina] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. [Wing, Rod; Yu, Yeisoo; Kim, HyeRan; Nelson, Will] Univ Arizona, Arizona Genom Inst, Dept Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Cregan, Perry] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Futrell-Griggs, Montona; Jackson, Scott] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Nguyen, Henry; Wu, Xiaolei; Stacey, Gary] Univ Missouri, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Dept Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Luo, Mingcheng; Dvorak, Jan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tomkins, Jeff] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Schmutz, Jeremy] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Human Genome Ctr, Joint Genome Inst,Dept Genet, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Shoemaker, RC (reprint author), USDA ARS, CICGR Unit, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rcsshoe@iastate.edu RI Luo, Ming-Cheng/C-5600-2011; OI Luo, Ming-Cheng/0000-0002-9744-5887; Wing, Rod/0000-0001-6633-6226 NR 37 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 10 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD APR PY 2008 VL 51 IS 4 BP 294 EP 302 DI 10.1139/G08-010 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 283OJ UT WOS:000254645600007 PM 18356965 ER PT J AU Litton, CM Sandquist, DR Cordell, S AF Litton, Creighton M. Sandquist, Darren R. Cordell, Susan TI A non-native invasive grass increases soil carbon flux in a Hawaiian tropical dry forest SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE belowground carbon cycling; Hawaii; invasive species; litterfall; litter decomposition; Pennisetum setaceum ('fountain grass'); soil carbon pools and fluxes; soil-surface CO2 efflux ('soil respiration') ID LAND-USE CHANGE; EXOTIC GRASSES; ECOSYSTEM RESPIRATION; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; TREE PHOTOSYNTHESIS; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; EXTRACTION METHOD; EUROPEAN FORESTS; PINE ECOSYSTEM; ORGANIC-CARBON AB Non-native plants are invading terrestrial ecosystems across the globe, yet little is known about how invasions impact carbon (C) cycling or how these impacts will be influenced by climate change. We quantified the effect of a non-native C-4 grass invasion on soil C pools and fluxes in a Hawaiian tropical dry forest over 2 years in which annual precipitation was average (Year 1) and similar to 60% higher than average (Year 2). Work was conducted in a series of forested plots where the grass understory was completely removed (removal plots) or left intact (grass plots) for 3 years before experiment initiation. We hypothesized that grass invasion would: (i) not change total soil C pools, (ii) increase the flux of C into and out of soils, and (iii) increase the sensitivity of soil C flux to variability in precipitation. In grass plots, grasses accounted for 25-34% of litter layer C and similar to 70% of fine root C. However, no differences were observed between treatments in the size of any soil C pools. Moreover, grass-derived C constituted a negligible fraction of the large mineral soil C pool (< 3%) despite being present in the system for >= 50 years. Tree litterfall was similar to 45% lower in grass plots, but grass-derived litterfall more than compensated for this reduction in both years. Annual cumulative soil-surface CO2 efflux (R-soil) was similar to 40% higher in grass plots in both years, and increased in both treatments by similar to 36% in the wetter Year 2. Despite minimal grass-derived mineral soil C, > 75% of R-soil in grass plots was of C-4 (i.e. grass) origin. These results demonstrate that grass invasion in forest ecosystems can increase the flux of C into and out of soils without changing total C pools, at least over the short term and as long as the native tree canopy remains intact, and that invasion-mediated changes in belowground C cycling are sensitive to precipitation. C1 [Litton, Creighton M.; Sandquist, Darren R.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Biol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA. [Cordell, Susan] USDA, Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Litton, CM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, 1910 East West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM litton@hawaii.edu NR 70 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 12 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 14 IS 4 BP 726 EP 739 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01546.x PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 276FI UT WOS:000254126300003 ER PT J AU Trout, TJ Johnson, LF Gartung, J AF Trout, Thomas J. Johnson, Lee F. Gartung, Jim TI Remote sensing of canopy cover in horticultural crops SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci DE evapotranspiration; shaded area; NDVI; vegetation index; fractional cover; crop coefficients ID SHADED AREA; COEFFICIENTS; VEGETATION; RADIATION; INDEX; CORN AB Canopy cover (CC) is an important indicator of stage of growth and crop water use in horticultural crops. Remote sensing of CC has been studied in several major crops, but not in most horticultural crops. We measured CC of 11 different annual and perennial horticultural crops in various growth stages on 30 fields on the west side of California's San Joaquin Valley with a handheld multispectral digital camera. Canopy cover was compared with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values calculated from Landsat 5 satellite imagery. The NDVI was highly correlated and linearly related with measured CC across the wide range of crops, canopy structures, and growth stages (R-2 = 0.95, P < 0.01) and predicted CC with mean absolute error of 0.047 up to effective full cover. These results indicate that remotely sensed NDVI may be an efficient way to monitor growth stage, and potentially irrigation water demand, of horticultural crops. C1 [Trout, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Johnson, Lee F.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, CSUMB SEP, Div Earth Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Gartung, Jim] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93548 USA. RP Trout, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150 Ctr Dr,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Thomas.Trout@ars.usda.gov OI Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 333 EP 337 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 274UC UT WOS:000254026400012 ER PT J AU Vaughn, SF Berhow, MA Tisserat, B AF Vaughn, Steven F. Berhow, Mark A. Tisserat, Brent TI Stimulation of plant growth by (3-Methoxyphenyl) acetonitile applied as a foliar spray in vivo or as a medium amendment in vitro SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci DE Cuphea lanceolata; Limnanthes alba; Mentha spicata; Ocimum basilicum; tagetes patula; glucosinolates ID DCPTA; L. AB Meadowfoam (Limnanthes alba Hartweg ex. Benth.) seedmeal, a coproduct of oil extraction from meadowfoam seeds, has been found to increase the growth of greenhouse plants when added to the growing medium. (3-Methoxyphenyl)acetonitrile (3-MPAN) is a biologically active glucosinolate degradation compound previously identified at high levels in meadowfoam seedmeal. 3-MPAN was tested as a foliar spray at several concentrations (0 mu M, 0.18 mM, 0.37 mM, 0.73 mM, 2.2 mM, and 7.3 mM) on lime basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), spearmint (Mentha spicata L.), cuphea (Caphea lanceolata L.), and French marigold (Tagetes patula L.) seedlings grown in the greenhouse. 3-MPAN increased the fresh and dry weights of all four species tested. However, this effect was dose-dependent among species with spearmint growth higher at all 3-MPAN application rates, whereas basil growth was promoted at only the 2.2-mM rate. 3-MPAN increased the tissue concentrations of the secondary compound (-)-carvone at the 7.3-mM application rate. In addition, 3-MPAN added to sterile nutrient media stimulated the growth of spearmint plants in vitro. These results indicate that 3-MPAN may have applicability as a postemergent growth stimulant for a wide variety of plants. C1 [Vaughn, Steven F.; Berhow, Mark A.; Tisserat, Brent] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Vaughn, SF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM steven.vaughn@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 372 EP 375 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 274UC UT WOS:000254026400019 ER PT J AU Foshee, WG Blythe, EK Goff, WD Faircloth, WH Patterson, MG AF Foshee, Wheeler G., III Blythe, Eugene K. Goff, William D. Faircloth, Wilson H. Patterson, Michael G. TI Response of young pecan trees to trunk and foliar applications of glyphosate SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci DE Carya illinoinensis; herbicide exposure; weed control; nut crops ID CUTLEAF EVENING PRIMROSE; WEED-CONTROL; GROWTH; IRRIGATION; FESCUE; YIELD AB A field experiment was conducted from 1995 to 1999 in central Alabama to determine the effect of repeated applications of glyphosate herbicide on young 'Sumner' pecan trees. Herbicide treatments were applied on 'Sumner' pecan trees varying in age from newly established (first growing season) to established fourth-year growing season trees. Measurements taken included tree mortality, trunk cross-sectional area, nut yield, and nut quality in the third and fourth years of the study. Glyphosate applications were targeted at the lowest 5 to 8 cm of the tree trunk ("standard" treatment), a percentage (lowest 33%, 67%, or 100%) of the tree trunk below the first scaffold limb, or a percentage (lowest 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100%) of tree foliage to simulate situations ranging from minor spray drift to major misapplication. No adverse effects were detected when glyphosate was applied to trunks, regardless of tree age. However, repeated application of glyphosate to 75% to 100% of tree foliage resulted in a significant reduction of growth and, in some cases, tree death. Results indicate that limited contact of glyphosate with the lowest 5 to 8 cm of the trunk of the young pecan tree, which usually occurs during conventional orchard weed management, is unlikely to result in adverse effects on young pecan trees. C1 [Foshee, Wheeler G., III; Goff, William D.] Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Blythe, Eugene K.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, S Mississippi Branch, Expt Stn, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Faircloth, Wilson H.] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Patterson, Michael G.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Foshee, WG (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, 101 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM foshewg@aubuni.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 399 EP 402 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 274UC UT WOS:000254026400024 ER PT J AU Janisiewicz, WJ Saftner, RA Conway, WS Forsline, PL AF Janisiewicz, Wojciech J. Saftner, Robert A. Conway, William S. Forsline, Philip L. TI Preliminary evaluation of apple germplasm from Kazakhstan for resistance to postharvest blue mold in fruit caused by Penicillium expansum SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci DE postharvest decay; apple resistance; Malus ID MANAGING PLANT-DISEASES; POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS; CULTIVARS; FUNGICIDES; DECAY; VEGETABLES; ATMOSPHERE; HEAT AB Blue mold of apples, incited by Penicillium expansum, causes extensive losses on stored apples worldwide. Despite the severity of this problem, apple breeders do not evaluate their crosses for resistance to this disease, because there has been little resistance to blue mold in the gene pool of the germplasm used. A new apple germplasm collection from the center of origin in Kazakhstan, maintained in Geneva, NY, and representing a much broader gene pool, was evaluated for resistance to blue mold. Apples were harvested from the Elite collection trees that were clonally propagated from budwood collected in Kazakhstan and from seedling trees originating from seeds of the same trees as the Elite budwood or from other wild seedling trees in Kazakhstan. Fruit from 83 such accessions were harvested at the preclimacteric to climacteric stage, wound-inoculated with A expansum at 10(3), 10(4), and 10(5) mL(-1) conidial suspension, incubated for 5 d at 24 degrees C, and evaluated for decay incidence and severity. Two accessions were classified as immune (no decay at 10(3) and 10(4) mL(-1)), four as resistant (no decay at 103 mL(-1)), 53 as moderately resistant (lesions less than 10 mm at 103 mL(-1)), and 24 as susceptible. There were positive correlations (r = 0.92, 0.86, and 0.91) between decay severity and all three inoculum levels. Our results indicate a greater genetic diversity among the Kazak apple collection than among cultivated apples as evidenced by their broad range of fruit maturity, quality, and disease resistance patterns. The immune and resistant accessions may serve as a source of resistance in breeding programs and can be useful in explaining the mechanism of resistance to blue mold in apples. C1 [Janisiewicz, Wojciech J.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Saftner, Robert A.; Conway, William S.] USDA ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Forsline, Philip L.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Janisiewicz, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM wojciech.janisiewicz@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 420 EP 426 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 274UC UT WOS:000254026400028 ER PT J AU Bi, GH Scagel, CF Harkess, R AF Bi, Guihong Scagel, Carolyn F. Harkess, Richard TI Rate of nitrogen fertigation during vegetative growth and spray applications of urea in the fall alters growth and flowering of florists' hydrangeas SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci DE Hydrangea macrophylla; Merritts Supreme; foliar nitrogen ID APPLE-TREES; CONCORD GRAPEVINES; RESERVE NITROGEN; PEAR TREES; LEAVES; AUTUMN; DEFOLIATION; STORAGE; LEAF AB Plants of Hydrangea macrophylla 'Merritt's Supreme' were fertigated with 0, 70,140, 210, or 280 mg.L(-1) nitrogen (N) from July to Sept. 2005 and sprayed with 0% or 3% urea in late October to evaluate whether plant N status during vegetative growth influences plant performance during forcing. In late November, plants were manually defoliated, moved into a dark cooler (4.4 to 5.5 degrees C) for 8 weeks, and then placed into a greenhouse for forcing. After budbreak, plants were supplied with either 0 N or 140 mg-L(-1) N for 9 weeks. Plant growth and N content were evaluated in Nov. 2005 before cold storage and plant growth, flowering, and leaf quality parameters were measured in late Apr. 2006. Increasing N fertigation rate in 2005 significantly increased plant biomass by approximate to 14 g (26%) and plant N content by approximate to 615 mg (67%). Spray applications of urea (urea sprays) in the fall had no influence on plant biomass but significantly increased plant N content by approximate to 520 mg (54%). In general, plants grown with 210 and 280 mg-L(-1) N during 2005 had the greatest growth (total plant biomass, height), flowering (number of flowers, flower size), and leaf quality (leaf area, chlorophyll content) during forcing in 2006. Urea sprays before defoliation increased plant growth, flowering, and leaf quality characteristics during forcing in 2006. Providing plants with N during the forcing period also increased plant growth, flowering, And leaf quality characteristics. Urea sprays in the fall were as effective as N fertilizer in the spring on improving growth and flowering. We conclude that both vegetative growth and flowering during forcing of 'Merritt's Supreme' hydrangea are influenced by both the N status before forcing and N supply from fertilizer during forcing. A combination of optimum rates of N fertigation during the vegetative stage of production with urea sprays before defoliation could be a useful management strategy to control excessive vegetative growth, increase N storage, reduce the total N input, and optimize growth and flowering of container-grown florists' hydrangeas. C1 [Bi, Guihong] Mississippi State Univ, Truck Crops Branch Expt Stn, Crystal Springs, MS 39059 USA. [Scagel, Carolyn F.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Harkess, Richard] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Bi, GH (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Truck Crops Branch Expt Stn, 2024 Expt Stn Rd,POB 231, Crystal Springs, MS 39059 USA. EM gb250@msstate.edu NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 472 EP 477 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 274UC UT WOS:000254026400037 ER PT J AU Altland, JE Buamscha, MG AF Altland, James E. Buamscha, M. Gabriela TI Nutrient availability from Douglas fir bark in response to substrate pH SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci DE Pseudotsuga menziesii; lime; calcium carbonate; calcium hydroxide ID PINE BARK; SOILLESS MEDIA; PLANT-GROWTH; PHOSPHORUS; SULFUR; COPPER AB Two studies were conducted to determine the influence of substrate pH on nutrient availability in Douglas fir bark. Douglas fir bark was amended with either calcium carbonate (CaCO(3)) or calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)(2)] at 13 rates to generate substrates with low to high pH. A nonamended control was also maintained. The substrates received no other fertilizer amendments. Substrates were filled into nursery containers (2.8 L) and maintained in a nursery setting with 1.2 cm.d(-1) overhead irrigation. At 1 and 6 weeks after potting, four containers of each lime treatment were harvested to determine substrate pH and availability of 13 nutrients. Substrate solutions used for analysis were obtained with the saturated media extract method. Water-extractable phosphorus and DTPA-extractable boron, iron, copper, and aluminum decreased with increasing substrate pH. Other nutrients were either nonresponsive to substrate pH or the observed response was deemed more likely caused by calcium competition on cation exchange sites. C1 [Altland, James E.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Buamscha, M. Gabriela] USDA Forest Serv, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Altland, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, 208 Ag Eng Bldg,1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM James.Altland@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 478 EP 483 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 274UC UT WOS:000254026400038 ER PT J AU Owen, JS Altland, JE AF Owen, James S., Jr. Altland, James E. TI Container height and douglas fir bark texture affect substrate physical properties SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci DE media; container capacity; air space; total porosity; water-holding capacity; moisture gradient; water management ID MEDIA AB A study was conducted to quantify the effect of substrate texture on water-holding capacity of douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] bark (DFB) in containers of varying height. Medium (less than 2.2 cm) and fine (less than 0.9 cm) DFB were packed into 7.6 cm W. aluminum cores 3.8, 7.6, and 15.2 cm tall to determine container capacity (CC) and air space (AS) at varying container heights. Increasing container height resulted in a linear decrease in CC and a linear increase in AS. Fine texture DFB bulk density (D(b)) increased 18% with increasing container height, whereas Db of medium texture DFB was unaffected. Water-holding capacity decreased 20% and 42% in medium and fine textured DFB, respectively, with increasing container height from 3.8 to 15.2 cm. A second study was conducted to investigate water distribution in a 15.2-cm tall container for a given substrate texture. Polyvinyl chloride cores (15.2 cm tall x 7.6 cm W.) were packed with the same substrates, drained to CC, frozen, and sawed into 2.5-cm sections to determine water-holding capacity at each height. A finer substrate texture increased the amount of water throughout the container profile, but percent of total water for each strata remained similar. Container height and plant size (i.e., transplant or salable), in relation to substrate texture, should be considerations when producing containerized crops. In addition, bark texture alters water-holding capacity and water distribution within the container, ultimately affecting water management practices. C1 [Owen, James S., Jr.] Oregon State Univ, N Willamette Res & Extens Ctr, Aurora, OR 97002 USA. [Altland, James E.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Owen, JS (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, N Willamette Res & Extens Ctr, 15210 NE Miley Rd, Aurora, OR 97002 USA. EM jim.owen@oregonstate.edu NR 17 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 505 EP 508 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 274UC UT WOS:000254026400042 ER PT J AU Davis, AR Perkins-Veazie, P Collins, J Levi, A AF Davis, Angela R. Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Collins, Julie Levi, Amnon TI LSW-177 and LSW-194: Red-fleshed watermelon lines with low-total soluble solids SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci DE Citrullus lanatus; taste test; low carbohydrate; diabetes; low sugar ID GLYCEMIC INDEX; LYCOPENE C1 [Davis, Angela R.; Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] USDA ARS, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Collins, Julie] Eastern Oklahoma State Coll, Wilburton, OK 74578 USA. [Levi, Amnon] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Davis, AR (reprint author), USDA ARS, S Cent Agr Res Lab, POB 159,Highway 3 W, Lane, OK 74555 USA. EM adavis-usda@lane-ag.org NR 12 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 538 EP 539 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 274UC UT WOS:000254026400050 ER PT J AU Pooler, MR AF Pooler, Margaret R. TI 'Betsy Ross', 'Old Glory' and 'Declaration' lilacs SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci DE Syringa; Oleaceae; ornamental plant breeding; plant introduction C1 USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Agr Res Serv, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Washington, DC 20002 USA. RP Pooler, MR (reprint author), USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Agr Res Serv, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 3501 New York Ave, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM Margaret.Pooler@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 544 EP 545 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 274UC UT WOS:000254026400053 ER PT J AU Meerow, AW Ayala-Silva, T AF Meerow, Alan W. Ayala-Silva, Tomas TI 'Miame Sunrise', 'Miami Sunset', and 'Tangelo': Three cultivars of Tecoma guarume SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci DE Bignoniaceae; tropical shrubs; ornamentals; landscape ID COLOR C1 [Meerow, Alan W.; Ayala-Silva, Tomas] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Meerow, AW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM alan.meerow@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 546 EP 548 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 274UC UT WOS:000254026400054 ER PT J AU Delate, K Cambardella, C McKern, A AF Delate, K. Cambardella, C. McKern, A. TI Effects of organic fertilization and cover crops on an organic pepper system SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE certified organic; hairy vetch; Vicia villosa; rye; Secale cereale; strip-tillage; Rhizoctonia solani; gypsum ID SWEET CORN PRODUCTION; STRIP-TILLAGE; FARMING SYSTEMS; SOIL-STRUCTURE; MANAGEMENT; MULCHES; YIELD AB With the continuing 20% growth rate in the organic industry, organic vegetable crop production has increased to 98,525 acres in the United States. The requirement for certified organic vegetable producers to implement a soil-building plan has led to the development of soil fertility systems based on combinations of organic fertilizers and cover crops. To determine optimal soil fertility combinations, conventional and organic bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) production was evaluated from 2001 to 2003 in Iowa, comparing combinations of two synthetic fertilizers and three compost-based organic fertilizers, and a cover crop treatment of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and rye (Secale cereale) in a strip-tilled or fully incorporated cover crop system. Organic pepper growth and yields equaled or surpassed conventional production when nitrogen (N) was provided at 56 or 112 kg-ha(-1) from compost-based organic fertilizer. Soil analysis revealed higher N in plots where cover crops were tilled compared with strip-tilled plots, leading to recommendations for sidedressing N in strip-tilled organic pepper production. Increased incidence of disease was also detected in strip-tilled plots. Postharvest weight loss after 6 weeks in storage was similar in organic and conventional peppers. The addition of calcium and sulfur products in conventional or organic fertilizer regimes did not increase pepper production or postharvest storage potential. Despite application challenges, cover crops will remain as critical components of the organic farm plan for their soil-building benefits, but supplementation with approved N sources may be required for optimal pepper production. Organic growers should conduct their own tests of organic-compliant soil amendments to determine cost effectiveness and value for their site before large-scale application. C1 [Delate, K.; McKern, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Hort, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Cambardella, C.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Delate, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Hort, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kdelate@iastate.edu NR 45 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 215 EP 226 PG 12 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 277RV UT WOS:000254233300003 ER PT J AU Wilson, SB Muller, KL Gersony, JA Scully, BT AF Wilson, Sandra B. Muller, Keona L. Gersony, Judith A. Scully, Brian T. TI The linear garden: A unique, inexpensive, and effective way to facilitate plant identification and roadside beautification SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wilson, Sandra B.; Scully, Brian T.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Wilson, Sandra B.; Muller, Keona L.; Gersony, Judith A.; Scully, Brian T.] Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Environm Hort, IFAS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Wilson, SB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM sbwilson@ifas.ufl.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 318 EP 319 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 277RV UT WOS:000254233300019 ER PT J AU Zhan, XW Crow, WT Jackson, TJ O'Neill, PE AF Zhan, Xiwu Crow, Wade T. Jackson, Thomas J. O'Neill, Peggy E. TI Improving spaceborne radiometer soil moisture retrievals with alternative aggregation rules for ancillary parameters in highly heterogeneous vegetated areas SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE microwave; remote sensing; soil moisture ID MICROWAVE; BAND AB Retrieving soil moisture from spaceborne microwave radiometer observations often requires ancillary parameters such as surface vegetation opacity or vegetation water content (VWC). The conventional approach for deriving representative footprint-scale values of these parameters is to simply average the corresponding parameters of high-resolution pixels over the entire radiometer footprint. However, previous work has shown that simple averaging of ancillary parameter values may result in biased soil moisture retrievals from spaceborne radiometers. This letter uses a synthetic observing-system simulation experiment framework to theoretically demonstrate that ancillary VWC or canopy-opacity parameter values obtained with an alternative aggregation rule may significantly reduce the magnitude of soil moisture retrieval errors for highly heterogeneous vegetated areas. C1 [Zhan, Xiwu] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA. [Crow, Wade T.; Jackson, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [O'Neill, Peggy E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Zhan, XW (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA. EM xiwu.zhan@noaa.gov RI Zhan, Xiwu/F-5487-2010; O'Neill, Peggy/D-2904-2013 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NAG8-1517, NAG5-6494]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA96GP0413] FX This work was supported in part by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grants NAG8-1517 and NAG5-6494 and in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant NA96GP0413. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this paper are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U.S. Government position, policy, or decision. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD APR PY 2008 VL 5 IS 2 BP 261 EP 265 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2008.915931 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 342EH UT WOS:000258766900030 ER PT J AU Herrmann-Hoesing, LM White, SN Kappmeyer, LS Herndon, DR Knowles, DP AF Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn M. White, Stephen N. Kappmeyer, Lowell S. Herndon, David R. Knowles, Donald P. TI Genomic analysis of Ovis aries (Ovar) MHC class IIa loci SO IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE MHC class II; DRB1; DQA1; DQA2; DQB1; DQB2; sheep; ovine; Ovar ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; NF-KAPPA-B; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; DQA GENES; ALLELIC SEQUENCES; DR GENES; EVOLUTION; POLYMORPHISM; PROMOTER; BINDING AB Determining the genomic organization of the Ovis aries (Ovar) major histocompatibility complex class IIa region is essential for future functional studies related to antigen presentation. In this study, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) of a Rambouillet ram was constructed, and BAC clone consisting of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II DQB2, DQA2, DQB1, DQA1, and DRB1 loci was identified and completely sequenced. The BAC clone consists of 160,889 bp of finished sequence with the loci arranged in the following order: DQB2, DQA2, DQB1, DQA1, and DRB1 with 14.3, 25, 6.6, and 40.9 Kb spanning between the loci, respectively. All five of these loci were transcribed in the animal used to generate the MHC class II BAC clone. Repeat or retrotransposable elements along with MHC class II cis promoter elements consisting of S, X, and Y boxes were identified in the sequence. In addition, 16 non-coding conserved sequences amongst primates, carnivores, and ruminants were identified (p<0.001). These conserved sequences include binding sites for transcription factors with known roles in immune cells, and they provide a basis for further functional investigation of the genes in this region. This is the first ruminant finished sequence of the DQB2-DRB1 region, and this sequence information will aid in whole genome and transcriptome analyses of MHC class II. C1 [Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, ADRU, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn M.; White, Stephen N.; Kappmeyer, Lowell S.; Herndon, David R.; Knowles, Donald P.] USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn M.; White, Stephen N.; Knowles, Donald P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Herrmann-Hoesing, LM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, ADRU, 3003 ADBF, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM lherrman@vetmed.wsu.edu OI White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054 NR 45 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0093-7711 J9 IMMUNOGENETICS JI Immunogenetics PD APR PY 2008 VL 60 IS 3-4 BP 167 EP 176 DI 10.1007/s00251-008-0275-5 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA 290HG UT WOS:000255113300005 PM 18322680 ER PT J AU Park, Y Aikins, J Wang, LJ Beeman, RW Oppert, B Lord, JC Brown, SJ Lorenzen, MD Richards, S Weinstock, GM Gibbs, RA AF Park, Yoonseong Aikins, Jamie Wang, L. J. Beeman, Richard W. Oppert, Brenda Lord, Jeffrey C. Brown, Susan J. Lorenzen, Marc D. Richards, Stephen Weinstock, George M. Gibbs, Richard A. TI Analysis of transcriptome data in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coleoptera; EST; GLEAN; gene model ID COLEOPTERA; RNAI AB The whole genome sequence of Tribolium castaneum, a worldwide coleopteran pest of stored products, has recently been determined. In order to facilitate accurate annotation and detailed functional analysis of this genome, we have compiled and analyzed all available expressed sequence tag (EST) data. The raw data consist of 61,228 ESTs, including 10,704 obtained from NCBI and an additional 50,524 derived from 32,544 clones generated in our laboratories. These sequences were amassed from cDNA libraries representing six different tissues or stages, namely: whole embryos, whole larvae, larval hindguts and Malpighian tubules, larval fat bodies and carcasses, adult ovaries, and adult heads. Assembly of the 61,228 sequences collapsed into 12,269 clusters (groups of overlapping ESTs representing single genes), of which 10,134 mapped onto 6463 (39%) of the 16,422 GLEAN gene models (i.e. official Tribolium gene list). Approximately 1600 clusters (39% of the total) lack corresponding GLEAN models, despite high matches to the genome, suggesting that a considerable number of transcribed sequences were missed by the gene prediction programs or were removed by GLEAN. We conservatively estimate that the current EST set represents more than 7500 transcription units. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Park, Yoonseong; Aikins, Jamie] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Wang, L. J.; Brown, Susan J.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Beeman, Richard W.; Oppert, Brenda; Lord, Jeffrey C.; Lorenzen, Marc D.] USDA ARS, GMPRC, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Richards, Stephen; Weinstock, George M.; Gibbs, Richard A.] Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Park, Y (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, 123 Water Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM ypark@ksu.edu RI Park, Yoonseong/J-5861-2013 OI Park, Yoonseong/0000-0003-1191-7335 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR 016475, P20 RR016475, P20 RR016475-02]; NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD029594, R01 HD029594-16] NR 12 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 38 IS 4 BP 380 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2007.09.008 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 289ZE UT WOS:000255091600002 PM 18342244 ER PT J AU Dixit, R Arakane, Y Specht, CA Richard, C Kramer, KJ Beeman, RW Muthukrishnan, S AF Dixit, Radhika Arakane, Yasuyuki Specht, Charles A. Richard, Chad Kramer, Karl J. Beeman, Richard W. Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam TI Domain organization and phylogenetic analysis of proteins from the chitin deacetylase gene family of Tribolium castaneum and three other species of insects SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chitin; chitin deacetylase; insects; phylogenetic analysis; groups; Tribolium; Anopheles; Drosophila; Apis ID COLLETOTRICHUM-LINDEMUTHIANUM; DROSOPHILA; BINDING; DEUTEROMYCETE; MECHANISM; CHITOSAN; MATRIX AB A bioinformatics investigation of four insect species with annotated genome sequences identified a family of genes encoding chitin deacetylase (CDA)-like proteins, with five to nine members depending on the species. CDAs (EC 3.5.1.41) are chitin-modifying enzymes that deacetylate the beta-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine homopolymer. Partial deacetylation forms a heteropolysaccharide that also contains some glucosamine residues, while complete deacetylation produces the homopolymer chitosan, consisting exclusively of glucosamine. The genomes of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, and the honey bee, Apis mellifera contain 9, 6, 5 and 5 genes, respectively, that encode proteins with a chitin deacetylase motif. The presence of alternative exons in two of the genes, TcCDA2 and TcCDA5, increases the protein diversity further. Insect CDA-like proteins were classified into five orthologous groups based on phylogenetic analysis and the presence of additional motifs. Group I enzymes include CDA1 and isoforms of CDA2, each containing in addition to a polysaccharide deacetylase-like catalytic domain, a chitin-binding peritrophin-A domain (ChBD) and a low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain (LDLa). Group II is composed of CDA3 orthologs from each insect species with the same domain organization as group I CDAs, but differing substantially in sequence. Group III includes CDA4s, which have the ChBD domain but do not have the LDLa domain. Group IV comprises CDA5s, which are the largest CDAs because of a very long intervening region separating the ChBD and catalytic domains. Among the four insect species, Tribolium is unique in having four CDA genes in group V, whereas the other insect genomes have either one or none. Most of the CDA-like proteins have a putative signal peptide consistent with their role in modifying extracellular chitin in both cuticle and peritrophic membrane during morphogenesis and molting. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dixit, Radhika; Arakane, Yasuyuki; Richard, Chad; Kramer, Karl J.; Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Kramer, Karl J.; Beeman, Richard W.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Specht, Charles A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Med, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. RP Muthukrishnan, S (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, 141 Chalmers Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM smk@ksu.edu NR 29 TC 48 Z9 59 U1 5 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 38 IS 4 BP 440 EP 451 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2007.12.002 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 289ZE UT WOS:000255091600007 PM 18342249 ER PT J AU Zhu, QS Arakane, Y Banerjee, D Beeman, RW Kramer, KJ Muthukrishnan, S AF Zhu, Qingsong Arakane, Yasuyuki Banerjee, Debarshi Beeman, Richard W. Kramer, Karl J. Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam TI Domain organization and phylogenetic analysis of the chitinase-like family of proteins in three species of insects SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chitinase; insect; phylogenetic analysis; chitin-binding domain; glycosylhydrolase; Tribolium; Anopheles; Drosophila; chitin; cuticle; peritrophic membrane ID SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; BOMBYX-MORI; MANDUCA-SEXTA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; TOBACCO HORNWORM; BINDING DOMAINS AB A bioinformatics-based investigation of three insect species with completed genome sequences has revealed that insect chitinase-like proteins (glycosylhydrolase family 18) are encoded by a rather large and diverse group of genes. We identified 16, 16 and 13 putative chitinase-like genes in the genomic databases of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, and the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, respectively. Chitinase-like proteins encoded by this gene family were classified into five groups based on phylogenctic analyses. Group I chitinases are secreted proteins that are the most abundant such enzymes in molting fluid and/or integument, and represent the prototype enzyme of the family, with a single copy each of the catalytic domain and chitin-binding domain (ChBD) connected by an S/T-rich linker polypeptide. Group II chitinases are unusually larger-sized secreted proteins that contain multiple catalytic domains and ChBDs. Group III chitinases contain two catalytic domains and are predicted to be membrane-anchored proteins. Group IV chitinases are the most divergent. They usually lack a ChBD and/or an S/T-rich linker domain, and are known or predicted to be secreted proteins found in gut or fat body. Group V proteins include the putative chitinase-like imaginal disc growth factors (IDGFs). In each of the three insect genomes, multiple genes encode group IV and group V chitinase-like proteins. In contrast, groups I-III are each represented by only a singe gene in each species. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Qingsong; Arakane, Yasuyuki; Banerjee, Debarshi; Kramer, Karl J.; Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Beeman, Richard W.; Kramer, Karl J.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Muthukrishnan, S (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, 141 Chalmers Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM smk@ksu.edu RI Z., Q./I-4446-2013 NR 52 TC 57 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 38 IS 4 BP 452 EP 466 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2007.06.01 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 289ZE UT WOS:000255091600008 PM 18342250 ER PT J AU Zhu, Q Arakane, Y Beeman, RW Kramer, KJ Muthukrishnan, S AF Zhu, Qingsong Arakane, Yasuyuki Beeman, Richard W. Kramer, Karl J. Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam TI Characterization of recombinant chitinase-like proteins of Drosophila melanogaster and Tribolium castaneum SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE insect; Drosophila melanogaster; Tribolium castaneum; gene family; enzymes; properties; chitin-binding; imaginal disc growth factor ID SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; INSECT CHITINASE; MANDUCA-SEXTA; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; LEPIDOPTERAN MIDGUT; MOLECULAR-CLONING; TOBACCO HORNWORM; PH GRADIENTS; FAT-BODY; CDNA AB Insect chitinase (CHT) family proteins are encoded by as many as 16 genes depending upon the species of interest. We have classified these proteins in three species into five different groups based on amino acid sequence similarities (Zhu et al., companion paper). The functions of most of the individual proteins of this family during growth and development are largely unknown. To help determine their enzymatic properties and physiological roles, we expressed representative members belonging to this protein family from Drosophila melanogaster (Dm) and Tribolium castaneum (Tc), and characterized their kinetic and carbohydrate-binding properties. Seven proteins, including DmCHT 4, 5, 9 and DmDS47 from Drosophila, and TcCHT5, TcIDGF2 and TcIDGF4 from Tribolium, belonging to groups 1, IV or V of the chitinase-like family were expressed in a baculovirus-insect cell line expression system, purified and characterized. Their enzymatic and chitin-binding properties were compared to those of the well-characterized chitinase, MsCHT535, from Manduca sexta (Ms). All of these proteins, except those belonging to group V that are related to imaginal disc growth factors (IDGFs), exhibited chitinolytic activity against the long polymeric substrate, CM-Chitin-RBV, and/or the short oligomeric substrate, MU-(GlcNAc)(3), TcCHT5, DmCHT5 and MsCHT535, which are members of group I chitinases, cleaved both polymeric and oligomeric substrates. Their enzymatic properties, including pH optima, kinetic parameters, and susceptibility to substrate inhibition by chitooligosaccharides, were similar. Two group IV chitinases, DmCHT4 and DmCHT9, also were characterized. DmCHT4 had one optimum pH of 6 towards the polymeric substrate and no detectable chitinolytic activity towards an oligosaccharide substrate. DmCHT9 had high activity from pH 4 to 8 towards the polymeric substrate and exhibited low activity towards the oligosaccharide substrate. The group V proteins, TcIDGF2 and TcIDGF4, contain all of the catalytically critical residues within conserved region II of family 18 chitinases but neither exhibited chitinolytic activity. Another group V protein, DmDS47, which lacks the critical glutamate residue in region II and the C-terminal CBD, also exhibited no chitinolytic activity. However, all three of the group V proteins bound to chitin tightly. A comparison of the amino acid sequences and homology model structures of group V proteins with enzymatically active members of the chitinase family indicated that the presence of additional loops of amino acids within the (beta(alpha))(8)-barrel structure of these proteins interferes with productive substrate binding and/or catalysis. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Qingsong; Arakane, Yasuyuki; Kramer, Karl J.; Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Beeman, Richard W.; Kramer, Karl J.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Muthukrishnan, S (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, 141 Chalmers Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM smk@ksu.edu RI Z., Q./I-4446-2013 NR 35 TC 35 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 EI 1879-0240 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 38 IS 4 BP 467 EP 477 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2007.06.011 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 289ZE UT WOS:000255091600009 PM 18342251 ER PT J AU Hogenkamp, DG Arakane, Y Kramer, KJ Muthukrishnan, S Beeman, RW AF Hogenkamp, David G. Arakane, Yasuyuki Kramer, Karl J. Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam Beeman, Richard W. TI Characterization and expression of the beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase gene family of Tribolium castaneum SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase; glycoside hydrolase; chitin; Tribolium castaneum; red flour beetle; hexosaminidase; chitooligosaccharide; RNA interference; molting; cuticle ID INSECT MOLTING FLUID; MANDUCA-SEXTA L; CHITINASE SYSTEM; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HEXOSAMINIDASE-B; SANDHOFF-DISEASE; BOMBYX-MORI; ACETYLGLUCOSAMINIDASE; MECHANISM; PURIFICATION AB Enzymes belonging to the beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase family cleave chitin oligosaccharides produced by the action of chitinases on chitin into the constituent N-acetylglucosamine monomer. Four genes encoding putative chitooligosaccharidolytic beta-N-acetylhexosaminidases (hereafter referred to as N-acetylglucosaminidases (NAGs)) in the red flour beetle, Tribolium eastaneum, namely TcNAG1, TcFDL, TcNAG2, and TcNAG3, and three other related hexosaminidases were identified by searching the recently completed genome [Tribolium. Genome Sequencing Consortium, 2007. The first genome sequence of a beetle, Tribolium castaneum, a model for insect development and pest biology. Nature, submitted for publication]. Full-length cDNAs for all four NAGs were cloned and sequenced, and the exon-intron organization of the corresponding genes was determined. Analyses of their developmental expression patterns indicated that, although all four of the NAGs are transcribed during most developmental stages, each gene had a distinct spatial and temporal expression pattern. TcNAG1 transcripts are the most abundant, particularly at the late pupal stage, while TcNAG3 transcripts are the least abundant, even at their peak levels in the late larval stages. The function of each NAG during different developmental stages was assessed by observations of lethal phenotypes after gene-specific double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated transcript depletion as verified by real-time PCR. TcNAG1 dsRNA was most effective in interrupting all three types of molts: larval-larval, larval-pupal, and pupal-adult. Treated insects died after failing to completely shed their old cuticles. Knockdown of transcripts for the other three NAG genes resulted in phenotypes similar to those of TcNAG1 dsRNA-treated insects, but the effects were somewhat variable and less severe. Sequence comparisons with other enzymatically characterized insect homologs suggested that TcFDL, unlike the other NAGs, may have a role in N-glycan processing in addition to its apparent role in cuticular chitin turnover. These results support the hypothesis that TcNAGs participate in chitin turnover and/or N-glycan processing during insect development and that each NAG fulfills an essential and distinct function. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kramer, Karl J.; Beeman, Richard W.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Hogenkamp, David G.; Arakane, Yasuyuki; Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Beeman, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM richard.beeman@gmprc.ksu.edu NR 26 TC 33 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 38 IS 4 BP 478 EP 489 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2007.08.002 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 289ZE UT WOS:000255091600010 PM 18342252 ER PT J AU Chen, MS AF Chen, Ming-Shun TI Inducible direct plant defense against insect herbivores: A review SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE chemical defense; defensive protease; lectins; protease inhibitor; secondary metabolite ID TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR GENE; APHID MYZUS-PERSICAE; ALPHA-AMYLASE INHIBITOR; RICE BROWN PLANTHOPPER; GALANTHUS-NIVALIS AGGLUTININ; LIFE-HISTORY PARAMETERS; SNOWDROP LECTIN GNA; ZEA-MAYS L.; PROTEINASE-INHIBITOR AB Plants respond to insect herbivory with responses broadly known as direct defenses, indirect defenses, and tolerance. Direct defenses include all plant traits that affect susceptibility of host plants by themselves. Overall categories of direct plant defenses against insect herbivores include limiting food supply, reducing nutrient value, reducing preference, disrupting physical structures, and inhibiting chemical pathways of the attacking insect. Major known defense chemicals include plant secondary metabolites, protein inhibitors of insect digestive enzymes, proteases, lectins, amino acid deaminases and oxidases. Multiple factors with additive or even synergistic impact are usually involved in defense against a specific insect species, and factors of major importance to one insect species may only be of secondary importance or not effective at all against another insect species. Extensive qualitative and quantitative high throughput analyses of temporal and spatial variations in gene expression, protein level and activity, and metabolite concentration will accelerate not only the understanding of the overall mechanisms of direct defense, but also accelerate the identification of specific targets for enhancement of plant resistance for agriculture. C1 [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Chen, MS (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM mchen@ksu.edu NR 163 TC 135 Z9 152 U1 8 U2 138 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2 BP 101 EP 114 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2008.00190.x PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 283MV UT WOS:000254641200001 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH AF Arthur, Frank H. TI Aerosol distribution and efficacy in a commercial food warehouse SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aerosols; control; methoprene; Plodia; pyrethrin; Tribolium ID STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; PLODIA-INTERPUNCTELLA; METHYL-BROMIDE; HEAT-TREATMENT; COLEOPTERA; TENEBRIONIDAE; DICHLORVOS; CYFLUTHRIN; FUMIGATION AB A series of field trials were conducted in a commercial food storage facility to evaluate exposure of stored-product insects to aerosol formulations of synergized pyrethrins and the insect growth regulator methoprene. When adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red flour beetle, and Tribolium confusum (Jacqueline DuVal), the confused flour beetle were exposed with and without a food source to synergized pyrethrin aerosol, there was no difference in adult mortality with respect to availability of food at either 7 or 14 days after exposure (P >= 0.05). However, mortality was lower in T. confusum (40.4% and 79.3% with flour at 7 and 14 days, 38.9% and 84.8% without flour at 7 and 14 days) compared to T. castaneum (96.5% and 99.8% with flour at 7 and 14 days, 91.0% and 98.7% without flour at 7 and 14 days). Few late-stage larvae and pupae of either species exposed to the pyrethrin aerosol emerged as adults. In tests with methoprene aerosol, adult emergence of exposed 3-and 4-week-old larvae of T. confusum was less than 2%. Only 0.3% of 4-week-old larvae of T. castaneum exposed in open and obstructed areas emerged as adults. Emergence of adults from eggs of Plodia interpunctella (Hubner), the Indianmeal moth, embedded in culture media and exposed to the methoprene aerosol was 13.2% +/- 3.5%. Results show that the aerosols evaluated in our study could give effective control of some of the major stored-product insect pests in commercial food storage facilities, and may offer an alternative to fumigation. C1 Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1111/j.1744.7917.2008.00193.x PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 283MV UT WOS:000254641200004 ER PT J AU Pena, HFJ Gennari, SM Dubey, JP Su, C AF Pena, H. F. J. Gennari, S. M. Dubey, J. P. Su, C. TI Population structure and mouse-virulence of Toxoplasma gondii in Brazil SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; PCR-RFLP; genetic diversity; virulence; cats; chicken; dog; Brazil ID MULTILOCUS PCR-RFLP; OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS; WATERBORNE TOXOPLASMOSIS; SAO-PAULO; STRAINS; STATE; SEROPREVALENCE; EVOLUTIONARY; GENOTYPES; NETWORKS AB Recent studies found that isolates of Toxoplasma gondii from Brazil were biologically and genetically different from those in North America and Europe. However, to date only a small number of isolates have been analysed from different animal hosts in Brazil. In the present study DNA samples of 46 T. gondii isolates from cats in 11 counties in Sao Paulo state, Brazil were genetically characterised using 10 PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism markers including SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, STUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PKI and Apico. An additional marker, CS3, that locates on chromosome VIIa and has previously been shown to be linked to acute virulence of T. gondii was also used to determine its association to virulence in mice. Genotyping of these 46 isolates revealed a high genetic diversity with 20 genotypes but no clonal Type I, II or III lineage was found. Two of the 46 isolates showed mixed infections. Combining genotyping data in this study with recent reported results from chickens, dogs and cats in Brazil (total 125 isolates) identified 48 genotypes and 26 of these genotypes had single isolates. Four of the 48 genotypes with multiple isolates identified from different hosts and locations are considered the common clonal lineages in Brazil. These lineages are designated as Types BrI, BrII, BrIII and BrIV. These results indicate that the T. gondii population in Brazil is highly diverse with a few successful clonal lineages expanded into wide geographical areas. In contrast to North America and Europe, where the Type II clonal lineage is overwhelmingly predominant, no Type II strain was identified from the 125 Brazil isolates. Analysis of mortality rates in infected mice indicates that Type BrI is highly virulent, Type BrIII is non-virulent, whilst Type BrII and BrIV lineages are intermediately virulent. In addition, allele types at the CS3 locus are strongly linked to mouse-virulence of the parasite. Thus, T. gondii has an epidemic population structure in Brazil and the major lineages have different biological traits. (C) 2007 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Su, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Pena, H. F. J.; Gennari, S. M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Dept Prevent Vet Med & Anim Hlth, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Su, C (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM csu1@utk.edu RI Gennari, Solange/K-2447-2012; PENA, HILDA/K-4506-2012; Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013 OI Gennari, Solange/0000-0001-7500-5277; Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108 NR 31 TC 134 Z9 143 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD APR PY 2008 VL 38 IS 5 BP 561 EP 569 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2007.09.004 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 284SP UT WOS:000254726400007 PM 17963770 ER PT J AU Evans, KO AF Evans, Kervin O. TI Supported phospholipid bilayer interaction with components found in typical room-temperature ionic liquids - a QCM-D and AFM study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D); supported phospholipid bilayer (SPB); room-temperature ionic liquid (RT-IL); atomic force microscopy (AFM); 1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylcholine (DEPC) ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; LIPID-BILAYERS; NONAQUEOUS BIOCATALYSIS; AGGREGATION BEHAVIOR; VESICLE ADSORPTION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SURFACE; SOLVENTS; WATER; CATALYSIS AB Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were combined to evaluate the defects created by an ionic liquid anion and a cation in a supported phospholipid bilayer composed of zwitterionic lipids on a silica surface. The cation 1-octyl-3-methyl imidazolium (OMIM(+)) was shown to remove lipids from the bilayer, increase the roughness to approximately 2.8 nm (similar to 0.2 for stable supported bilayer) and possibly redeposit lipids with entrapped water. The anion bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (Tf(2)N(-)) was found to leave distinct defects within the bilayer that had large pore-like interiors which left the surrounding bilayer intact. However, the ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methyl pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMP-Tf(2)N) formed a film over the supported bilayer. This work demonstrates, for the first time, the direct effects common components of ionic liquids have on a supported phospholipids bilayer. C1 USDA ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Evans, KO (reprint author), USDA ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Kervin.Evans@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 21 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6596 J9 INT J MOL SCI JI Int. J. Mol. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 9 IS 4 BP 498 EP 511 DI 10.3390/ijms9040498 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 296AO UT WOS:000255516100006 PM 19325765 ER PT J AU Baird, R Abbas, HK Windham, G Williams, P Baird, S Ma, P Kelley, R Hawkins, L Scruggs, M AF Baird, Richard Abbas, Hamed K. Windham, Gary Williams, Paul Baird, Sonya Ma, Peter Kelley, Rowena Hawkins, Leigh Scruggs, Mary TI Identification of select fumonisin forming Fusarium species using PCR applications of the polyketide synthase gene and its relationship to fumonisin production in vitro SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE maize; PCR detection; Fusarium verticillioides; Fusarium species; fumonisin; polyketide synthase gene; mycotoxin; fungi ID GIBBERELLA-FUJIKUROI; MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; MATING POPULATIONS; SECTION LISEOLA; AAL-TOXIN; EAR ROT; MYCOTOXINS; MONILIFORME; CORN; STRAINS AB A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based diagnostic assay was used to develop markers for detection of Fusarium verticillioides(= F. moniliforme), a fumonisin producing fungus in maize tissues. Species-specific primers were designed based on sequence data from the polyketide synthase (PKS) gene (FUM1-previously FUM5) responsible for fumonisin production in fungi. Four sets of oligonucleotide primers were tested for their specificity using 24 strains of F. verticillioides, 10 F. proliferatum, and 12 of other Fusarium species. In addition, 13 species of other fungal genera, from four phyla, were tested as negative controls. Among the four sets, primer set B consistently amplified a 419-bp fragment from the DNA 96% of all F. verticillioides strains and 83% of F. proliferatum. All other fungi tested were negative using primer set B. A total of 38% of the F. verticillioides strains grown on a selective liquid medium produced fumonisin and 92% formed the toxin on standard rice medium. When fumonisin formed in culture, PCR assay using primer set B detected every strain of F. verticillioides, but only amplified 80% of F. proliferatum strains that produced the toxin. PCR detection was consistent at 100 pg/mu l concentration of genomic DNA from 4 F. verticillioides strains, but varied at 10 pg/mu l. Two duplicate greenhouse tests using artificially inoculated maize plants, had greater levels of F. verticillioides detected after re-evaluting using primer set B than from culturing of the tissues. The molecular protocols described in this study requires only 1 day for completion compared to approximately 10 days for cultural work and morphological determination. In conclusion, conventional PCR assay using primer set B provides a sensitive and accurate detection assay that can be used as a primary or secondary confirmation method for identification and occurrence of F. verticillioides within the maize tissues. However, studies using primer set B for fumonisin production determined by strains of F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum will require further verification. C1 [Baird, Richard; Baird, Sonya; Ma, Peter; Scruggs, Mary] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Abbas, Hamed K.] USDA ARS, CG&PRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Windham, Gary; Williams, Paul; Kelley, Rowena; Hawkins, Leigh] USDA ARS CHPRRU, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Baird, R (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM rbaird@plantpath.msstate.edu NR 59 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 9 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6596 J9 INT J MOL SCI JI Int. J. Mol. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 9 IS 4 BP 554 EP 570 DI 10.3390/ijms9040554 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 296AO UT WOS:000255516100010 PM 19325769 ER PT J AU Cai, G Cole, SA Butte, NF Voruganti, VS Comuzzie, AG AF Cai, G. Cole, S. A. Butte, N. F. Voruganti, V. S. Comuzzie, A. G. TI Genome-wide scan revealed genetic loci for energy metabolism in Hispanic children and adolescents SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article DE energy expenditure; genome-wide scan; genetic linkage; childhood obesity ID BLOOD-PRESSURE PROGRAM; BODY-MASS INDEX; PIMA-INDIANS; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; LEPTIN RECEPTOR; QUEBEC FAMILY; RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT; WEIGHT-GAIN; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AB Objective: Genome- wide scans were conducted in search for genetic locations linked to energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in children. Design: Pedigreed data of 1030 Hispanic children and adolescents were from the Viva La Familia Study which was designed to investigate genetic and environmental risk factors for the development of obesity in Hispanic families. A respiratory calorimeter was used to measure 24- h total energy expenditure ( TEE), basal metabolic rate ( BMR), sleep metabolic rate ( SMR), 24- h respiratory quotient ( 24RQ), basal metabolic respiratory quotient ( BMRQ) and sleep respiratory quotient ( SRQ). Protein, fat and carbohydrate oxidation ( PROOX, FATOX and CHOOX, respectively) were also estimated. All participants were genotyped for 384 single tandem repeat markers spaced an average of 10cM apart. Computer program SOLAR was used to perform the genetic linkage analyses. Results: Significant linkage for TEE was detected on chromosome 1 near marker D1S2841, with a logarithm of the odds ( LOD) score of 4.0. SMR, BMRQ and PROOX were associated with loci on chromosome 18, 17 and 9, respectively, with LOD scores of 4.88, 3.17 and 4.55, respectively. A genome- wide scan of SMR per kg fat- free mass ( SpFFM) peaked in the same region as SMR on chromosome 18 ( LOD, 5.24). Suggestive linkage was observed for CHOOX and FATOX. Several candidate genes were found in the above chromosomal regions including leptin receptor ( LEPR). Conclusion: Regions on chromosomes 1, 9, 17 and 18 harbor genes affecting variation in energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in Hispanic children and adolescents. C1 [Cai, G.; Butte, N. F.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Cole, S. A.; Voruganti, V. S.; Comuzzie, A. G.] SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Genet, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Butte, NF (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM nbutte@bcm.tmc.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK59264] NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD APR PY 2008 VL 32 IS 4 BP 579 EP 585 DI 10.1038/ijo.2008.20 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 287JY UT WOS:000254914600001 PM 18317473 ER PT J AU Labeda, DP Kroppenstedt, RM Euzeby, JP Tindal, BJ AF Labeda, D. P. Kroppenstedt, R. M. Euzeby, J. P. Tindal, B. J. TI Proposal of Goodfellowiella gen. nov to replace Note the illegitimate genus name Goodfellowia Labeda and Kroppenstedt 2006 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The prokaryotic, generic name Goodfellowia Labeda and Kroppenstedt 2006 is illegitimate because it is a later homonym of the name Goodfellowia Hartert, 1903 (Animalia, Chordata, Aves, Passeriformes, Sturnidae) [Principle 2 of the Bacteriological Code (11990 Revision)]. A new genus name, Goodfellowiella, is therefore proposed for this taxon (Rule 54). This also requires that a new combination, Goodfellowiella coeruleoviolacea comb. nov., be proposed for the type species to replace the illegitimate combination Goodfellowia coeruleoviolacea (Preobrazhenskaya and Terekhova 1987) Labeda and Kroppenstedt 2006. C1 [Labeda, D. P.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kroppenstedt, R. M.; Tindal, B. J.] DSMZ German Collect Microorganism & Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany. [Euzeby, J. P.] SBSV, F-31076 Toulouse 3, France. ENVT, F-31076 Toulouse 3, France. RP Labeda, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM david.labeda@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 58 BP 1047 EP 1048 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.2008/000299-0 PN 4 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 294CD UT WOS:000255380800054 PM 18398217 ER PT J AU Capo-Chichi, LJA Faircloth, WH Williamson, AG Patterson, MG Miller, JH van Santen, E AF Capo-chichi, Ludovic J. A. Faircloth, Wilson H. Williamson, A. G. Patterson, Michael G. Miller, James H. van Santen, Edzard TI Invasion Dynamics and Genotypic Diversity of Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) at the Point of Introduction in the Southeastern United States SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Invasive species; molecular makers; gene diversity; plant introduction AB Nine sites of cogongrass were included in a study of genotypic diversity and spread dynamics at the point of introduction and its adjacent areas in the southern United States. Clones evaluated with two primer pairs yielded a total of 137 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) loci of which 102 (74.4%) were polymorphic. Genetic diversity was measured as the percentage of polymorphic, Shannon's information index, Nei's gene diversity, and panmictic heterozygosity. Nei's gene diversity (H-S) across all nine sites was estimated to be 0.11 and within site gene diversity ranged from 0.06 to 0.16. Bayesian estimate of gene diversity and Shannon's information index were higher (0.17 and 0.17, respectively). The samples from the point of introduction (Pi) had the lowest genetic diversity for all types of estimates. Within site variance accounted for 56% of the total variation and among site variance 44% (P < 0.05). Differentiation among sites was assessed using F-ST. The greatest difference was found between the Pi and the others. No relationship was found between genetic and geographic distances. Principal component analysis as well as cluster analysis separated individuals into three main clusters. The Pi formed a separate subcluster. Gene flow (Nm), inferred from Phi-statistics describing the genetic differentiation between pairs of sites ranged from 0.6 to 5.55. The lack of significant relationship between gene flow and geographic distance as well as genetic and geographic distances suggests that the invasion dynamics of cogongrass into the southern United States is primarily through anthropogenic activities and to the lesser extent through natural forces. C1 [Capo-chichi, Ludovic J. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Faircloth, Wilson H.] USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, E Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Williamson, A. G.; Patterson, Michael G.; van Santen, Edzard] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Miller, James H.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Miller, James H.] Auburn Univ, USDA, So Res Stn, Forest Serv, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Capo-Chichi, LJA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM capochi@uga.edu FU Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station [ALA080-018] FX This research was supported by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station through Project no. ALA080-018. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 8 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 2 BP 133 EP 141 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-007.1 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V24EI UT WOS:000208393300003 ER PT J AU Leonard, ED Monaco, TA Stark, JM Ryel, RJ AF Leonard, Eamonn D. Monaco, Thomas A. Stark, John M. Ryel, Ron J. TI Invasive Forb, Annual Grass, and Exotic Shrub Competition with Three Sagebrush-Steppe Growth Forms: Acquisition of a Spring N-15 Tracer SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Invasive weeds; functional group; plant strategy; specific root length; nitrate ID WOAD ISATIS-TINCTORIA; 2 NATIVE GRASSES; PERENNIAL GRASSES; BROMUS-TECTORUM; NITROGEN UPTAKE; CRESTED WHEATGRASS; SOIL-NITROGEN; CENTAUREA-MACULOSA; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; ROOT MORPHOLOGY AB Understanding competition for soil nitrate between common shrub-steppe, potential reclamation species, and common invasive species is necessary to identify mechanisms associated with ecosystem invasion and can assist with developing weed management scenarios. We designed a field experiment to evaluate the differential competitive effects of the invasive annual grass downy brome, the invasive biennial forb dyer's woad, and the reclamation shrub prostrate kochia, on nitrate acquisition of the perennial grass crested wheatgrass, the native forb western yarrow, and the native shrub big sagebrush. Individual plants were grown in two-plant neighborhoods, and a (KNO3)-N-15 tracer was injected into the soil between plants and recovered from leaf material after 5 to 11 d. We also evaluated neighbor effects on shoot and root growth, leaf carbon : nitrogen ratio, and leaf nitrogen concentrations to better understand how these traits are associated with differences in nitrate acquisition and nitrogen allocation among the three growth forms. Nitrate acquisitions by crested wheatgrass and western yarrow were significantly lower when competing with downy brome than with dyer's woad and prostrate kochia; however, competitors had similar, negative effects on nitrate acquisition by big sagebrush. Nitrate acquisition ratios between competing neighbors revealed that: (1) the grasses always acquired more nitrate than neighbors of a different growth form, (2) western yarrow was equally competitive with dyer's woad and prostrate kochia, and (3) all neighbors acquired more nitrate than big sagebrush. More successful competition for nitrate in the grasses was associated with greater specific root length. Compared to species of the same respective growth form, the two invasive weeds (downy brome and dyer's woad) and prostrate kochia always had significantly lower leaf carbon : nitrogen ratio, and greater leaf nitrogen concentration, which have been broadly correlated with leaf lifespan and nutrient use efficiency, and indicate differing strategies to persist in the semiarid shrub-steppe ecosystems. C1 [Monaco, Thomas A.] Utah State Univ, Forage Range Res Lab, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Leonard, Eamonn D.; Ryel, Ron J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Stark, John M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Monaco, TA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Forage Range Res Lab, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM tom.monaco@ars.usda.gov RI Ryel, Ronald/A-3422-2008 FU Agricultural Research Service; Utah Agricultural Research Station; Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project FX The authors would like to thank Justin Williams, Travis Taylor, and Sallee Reynolds for assistance with experiments. We also thank Drs. Jeremy James and Bob Blank for providing insightful comments to a previous version of this manuscript. Funding for this research was provided by the Agricultural Research Service, the Utah Agricultural Research Station, and the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project. NR 80 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 13 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 2 BP 168 EP 177 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-038.1 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V24EI UT WOS:000208393300007 ER PT J AU Blank, RR AF Blank, Robert R. TI Biogeochemistry of Plant Invasion: A Case Study with Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum) SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Desert ecosystems; cheatgrass; invasive plants; nutrient cycling; soil nutrient pools AB Limited data exist on the affect of downy brome invasion on biogeochemical cycling. Biogeochemical cycling was quantified in a winterfat community in northeastern, CA that was separated into three invasion classes: noninvaded (NI), invaded for 3 yr (I3), and 10 yr (I10) by downy brome. On each plot, all aboveground vegetation was harvested and separated by species, dried, weighed, and tissue nutrients quantified. In addition, soil samples were collected from 0- to 30-, 30- to 60-, and 60- to 100-cm depths and various nutrient pools quantified. Aboveground biomass g/m(2) was significantly greater, with downy brome averaging over 90% of the plant mass on the I10 plots (280 g) compared to the NI plots (148 g). In comparison to the NI plots, vegetation fluxes (g/m(2)/yr) of carbon (C) were significantly greater, and fluxes of Ca, Fe, and Cu were significantly less on 110 plots. Soils occupied for 10 yr by downy brome have significantly greater total N and organic C, and greater availability of Fe, Mn, Cu, ortho-P, Ca, and K compared to NI soil. For the 110 plots, available soil N (dominantly NO3-) was greatest in the 60- to 100-cm-depth increment, whereas for the other plots, N availability was greatest in the 0- to 30-cm-depth increment. Net N soil mineralization potential was near 0 on the 110 plots at all depth increments. These data suggest that invasion by downy brome facilitates elevated nutrient availability, possibly increases system leakiness of N, and fosters differential plant nutrient cycling relative to a native noninvaded community. Elevated nutrient availability promulgated by downy brome invasion might increase its competitive stature. Long-term occupation of environments by downy brome might affect the vertical distribution of nutrients, which can alter soil evolution and plant successional patterns. C1 ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weed Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Blank, RR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weed Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM blank@unr.nevada.edu NR 42 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 22 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 2 BP 226 EP 239 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-026.1 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V24EI UT WOS:000208393300012 ER PT J AU Frana, TS Clough, NE Gatewood, DM Rupprecht, CE AF Frana, Timothy S. Clough, Nancy E. Gatewood, Donna M. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Postmarketing surveillance of rabies vaccines for dogs to evaluate safety and efficacy SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CANINE VACCINATION; FELINE; CAT C1 [Frana, Timothy S.; Gatewood, Donna M.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, USDA, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Clough, Nancy E.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis,Coordina, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Frana, TS (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, USDA, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 1 PY 2008 VL 232 IS 7 BP 1000 EP 1002 DI 10.2460/javma.232.7.1000 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 280HC UT WOS:000254415500020 PM 18380615 ER PT J AU Jackson, DM Lynn, DE Fuxa, JR Shepard, BM Shapiro, M AF Jackson, D. Michael Lynn, Dwight E. Fuxa, James R. Shepard, B. Merle Shapiro, Martin TI Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Viruses on Pickleworm Larvae and Cell Lines SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE baculovirus; AgMNPV; Diaphania nitidalis; Pyralidae; insect cell line AB A critical need exists for new biological pest management techniques for the pickleworm, Diaphania nitidalis (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a major pest of Cucurbitaceae. One potential management strategy for this pest is the use of entomopathogenic viruses. In this study, several viruses were evaluated for efficacy against pickleworm cell lines and second-stage larvae. First, selected viruses were bioassayed ill vitro against one suspended cell line (IPLB-DnEs1) and one attached cell line (IPLB-DnEa3) that we derived from pickleworm embryos. In these experiments, a multiply-embedded nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV) from velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis Habner, showed the greatest activity toward the pickleworm cell lines. Following these results, 14 entomopathogenic viruses in the families Baculoviridae, Reoviridae, and Iridoviridae were evaluated ill vivo in bioassays of second instar D. nitdalis. Among these 14 viruses, only six baculoviruses showed significant activity against pickleworm larvae. AgMNPV and a multiply-embedded nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) from alfalfa looper, Autographa californica (Speyer), were the most efficacious against second instar D. nitidalis. Moreover, five of six stilbene fluorescent brighteners significantly increased efficacy of AgMNPV against pickleworm larvae. C1 [Lynn, Dwight E.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Fuxa, James R.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Shepard, B. Merle; Shapiro, Martin] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. EM mike.jackson@ars.usda.gov; jfuxa@agetr.lsu.edu FU Pickle Packers International, Inc. [5526] FX We thank Louise Cauthen for technical assistance, and Alvin M. Simmons and Said ElSalamouny for critical reviews ofthis paper. This research was funded in part by the Pickle Packers International, Inc. Technical contribution No. 5526 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. NR 90 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI MT PLEASANT PA 3517 FLOWERING OAK WAY, MT PLEASANT, SC 29466 USA SN 1523-5475 J9 J AGR URBAN ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Urban Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 25 IS 2 BP 81 EP 97 PG 17 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA V10WX UT WOS:000207495200002 ER PT J AU Songsri, P Jogloy, S Vorasoot, N Akkasaeng, C Patanothai, A Holbrook, CC AF Songsri, P. Jogloy, S. Vorasoot, N. Akkasaeng, C. Patanothai, A. Holbrook, C. C. TI Root distribution of drought-resistant peanut genotypes in response to drought SO JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Arachis hypogaea L.; breeding; drought avoidance; root depth; water stress; yield ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; CICER-ARIETINUM L.; GROUNDNUT; STRESS; TOLERANCE; CHICKPEA; GROWTH; YIELD; CULTIVARS; SELECTION AB The ability of a plant to modify its root distribution to exploit deeper stored soil water may be an important mechanism to avoid drought. This study aimed at assessing root distributions, variations in root length density (RLD) and percentage of root distribution, and the relevance of root traits for yield of drought-resistant peanut genotypes under different available soil water levels. The experiment was conducted in the dry season during the years 2003/04 and 2004/05. Eleven peanut genotypes (ICGV 98300, ICGV 98303, ICGV 98305, ICGV 98308, ICGV 98324, ICGV 98330, ICGV 98348, ICGV 98353, Tainan 9, KK 60-3 and Tifton-8) and three soil moisture levels [field capacity (FC), 2/3 available soil water (AW) and 1/3 AW] were laid out in a split-plot design with four replications. Roots were sampled by a core sampler at 37, 67 and 97 days after sowing (DAS). Root length was determined by a scanner and the WINRHIZO Pro 2004a software. RLD was calculated as the ratio of root length (cm) and soil volume (cm(3)). Graphical illustration of root distribution was constructed by merging RLD in the first and second soil layers (0-40 cm) as upper roots and pooling RLD at the third, fourth and fifth layers (40-100 cm) as lower roots. Pod yield, biomass and harvest index (HI) were recorded at harvest. A drought tolerance index (DTI) was calculated for each parameter as the ratio of the parameter under stress treatment to that under well-watered conditions. Variations in RLD in 40 to 100 cm layer (RLD40 to 100 cm) were found under well-watered conditions, and the peanut genotypes could be readily identified as high, intermediate and low for this trait. Changes in RLD in the 40 to 100 cm soil layer were found at 2/3 AW and were more evident at 1/3 AW. ICGV 98300, ICGV 98303, ICGV 98305, ICGV 98308 and KK 60-3 were classified as drought responsive as they increased RLD in the deeper subsoil level in response to drought. In general, RLD under drought conditions was not related to biomass production. The ability to maintain the percentage of RLD (DTI for %RLD) was related to pod yield, DTI for pod yield and DTI for HI. ICGV 98300, ICGV 98303, ICGV 98305 exhibited high DTI (RLD40 to 100 cm) which may explain their high pod yield, DTI (PY) and DTI (HI). Based on these observations we classified them as drought-avoiding genotypes. C1 [Songsri, P.; Jogloy, S.; Vorasoot, N.; Akkasaeng, C.; Patanothai, A.] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Holbrook, C. C.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jogloy, S (reprint author), Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. EM sanun@kku.ac.th NR 39 TC 41 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 20 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0931-2250 J9 J AGRON CROP SCI JI J. Agron. Crop Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 194 IS 2 BP 92 EP 103 DI 10.1111/j.1439-037X.2008.00296.x PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 271ZF UT WOS:000253826500002 ER PT J AU Mateo, RD Wu, G Moon, HK Carroll, JA Kim, SW AF Mateo, R. D. Wu, G. Moon, H. K. Carroll, J. A. Kim, S. W. TI Effects of dietary arginine supplementation during gestation and lactation on the performance of lactating primiparous sows and nursing piglets SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE L-arginine; lactation performance; litter weight gain; sow ID MAMMARY BLOOD-FLOW; AMINO-ACID-COMPOSITION; NITRIC-OXIDE; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; GROWTH-HORMONE; GLAND; MILK; INSULIN; PIGS; METABOLISM AB A 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments in a randomized block design was used to determine the effects of dietary Arg supplementation during gestation and lactation on the lactation performance of 38 first-parity sows. At 30 d of gestation, pregnant gilts were allotted based on BW to 1 of 2 diets supplemented with 1% L-Arg center dot HCl or 1.7% L-Ala (isonitrogenous control). After farrowing, sows were further allotted based on BW within previous gestation treatment groups to 1 of 2 lactation diets supplemented with 1% L-Arg center dot HCl or 1.7% L-Ala (isonitrogenous control). All gestation diets contained 3.1 Mcal/kg and 12.2% CP (as is) and were fed 2 kg/d in 2 equally sized meals, whereas all lactation diets contained 3.2 Mcal/kg and 18.6% CP (as is) and were fed ad libitum. Litter size was standardized to 10 piglets by cross-fostering within 24 h postfarrowing. On a weekly basis, BW and backfat (BF) thickness of sows, as well as piglet BW were measured, and blood and milk samples were obtained from the sows. Number of days from weaning to estrus and ADFI were also recorded. There were no differences in BW, BF thickness, ADFI, or days until return to estrus among treatment groups. There was no effect of the gestation diet or a gestation x lactation diet interaction on any parameter measured. On d 7 of lactation, plasma concentrations of Arg and insulin in sows, as well as concentrations of most AA in milk, were greater (P < 0.05) in response to Arg supplementation during lactation compared with the control. Weight gain of piglets from sows fed the Arg-supplemented diet during lactation was greater between d 0 and 7 (P < 0.01) and between d 0 and 21 (P < 0.05) of lactation compared with piglets from sows fed the control diet. Collectively, results from this study indicate the potential beneficial effects of dietary Arg supplementation in improving the lactation performance of first-parity sows. C1 [Wu, G.; Kim, S. W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Mateo, R. D.; Wu, G.; Carroll, J. A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Moon, H. K.; Kim, S. W.] Natl Inst Anim Sci RDA, Cheonan 330801, South Korea. [Carroll, J. A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Kim, S. W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Kim, SW (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM sungwoo_kim@ncsu.edu NR 50 TC 52 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 34 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 86 IS 4 BP 827 EP 835 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0371 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 275PG UT WOS:000254083500005 PM 18156355 ER PT J AU Weber, TE Ziemer, CJ Kerr, BJ AF Weber, T. E. Ziemer, C. J. Kerr, B. J. TI Effects of adding fibrous feedstuffs to the diet of young pigs on growth performance, intestinal cytokines, and circulating acute-phase proteins SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cytokine; fiber; nursery diet; pig ID NF-KAPPA-B; DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GROWING PIGS; FIBER; INFLAMMATION; PIGLETS; ACTIVATION; SEPSIS; PECTIN AB The effects of feeding different types of fiber to weanling pigs on growth performance, intestinal and liver cytokine expression, circulating acute-phase proteins, and IGF-I were evaluated. Intestinal tissue abundance of DNA, protein, and phosphorylated S6 kinase were also determined. Pigs (n = 120; initially 5.2 kg and 24 d of age) were randomly assigned to diets containing 1 of 4 fiber sources: 1) control diets containing no added fiber source, 2) diets containing 7.5% distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), 3) diets containing 7.5% soybean hulls, or 4) diets containing 7.5% citrus pulp. The experimental diets were fed for 4 wk in 2 phases (phase 1, wk 1 and 2; phase 2, wk 3 and 4). Intestinal tissue samples, liver samples, and blood samples were collected from a subset (n = 24; 6 pigs/treatment) of the pigs on d 7, and blood samples were collected from another subset (n = 24; 6 pigs/ treatment) of pigs on d 28 of the experiment. Dietary treatment had no effect on ADG, ADFI, or G: F throughout the experiment. Likewise, pig BW variability (CV), plasma IGF-I, or the plasma concentration of the acute-phase proteins, alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein, C-reactive protein, and haptoglobin, were not affected by dietary treatment. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that on d 7, pigs fed DDGS had a greater (P < 0.05) relative abundance of the mRNA encoding IL-6, IL-1 beta, and IL-10 in ileum tissue than pigs fed all other diets. Diets containing DDGS had no effect on the relative abundance of tumor necrosis factor a or interferon-gamma mRNA in ileum tissue on d 7. The d-7 mRNA expression of cytokines was not altered in jejunum, colon, or liver tissue by dietary treatment. Intestinal tissue protein content or jejunum and ileum DNA concentrations were not affected by diet. Western blot analysis found no effect of dietary treatment on the activation of S6 kinase in jejunum, ileum, or colon tissue on d 7. These results indicate that feeding 7.5% of a fiber source as DDGS, soybean hulls, or citrus pulp does not affect growth performance or circulating markers of inflammation in weanling pigs and that feeding DDGS increases the expression of both proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines in intestinal tissue. C1 [Weber, T. E.; Ziemer, C. J.; Kerr, B. J.] Natl Swine Res & Informat Ctr, USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Weber, TE (reprint author), Natl Swine Res & Informat Ctr, USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tom.weber@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 24 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 86 IS 4 BP 871 EP 881 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0330 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 275PG UT WOS:000254083500009 PM 18192555 ER PT J AU Neville, TL Ward, MA Reed, JJ Soto-Navarro, SA Julius, SL Borowicz, PP Taylor, JB Redmer, DA Reynolds, LP Caton, JS AF Neville, T. L. Ward, M. A. Reed, J. J. Soto-Navarro, S. A. Julius, S. L. Borowicz, P. P. Taylor, J. B. Redmer, D. A. Reynolds, L. P. Caton, J. S. TI Effects of level and source of dietary selenium on maternal and fetal body weight, visceral organ mass, cellularity estimates, and jejunal vascularity in pregnant ewe lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cellularity; fetal; maternal; pregnancy; selenium; sheep ID ORGANICALLY BOUND SELENIUM; FINISHING BEEF STEERS; CELL-PROLIFERATION; ESTROUS-CYCLE; INTESTINAL CELLULARITY; PLACENTAL ANGIOGENESIS; CORPORA-LUTEA; WETHER LAMBS; GROWTH; SELENOMETHIONINE AB Pregnant Targhee ewe lambs (n = 32; BW = 45.6 +/- 2.2 kg) were allotted randomly to 1 of 4 treatments in a completely randomized design to examine the effects of level and source of dietary Se on maternal and fetal visceral organ mass, cellularity estimates, and maternal jejunal crypt cell proliferation and vascularity. Diets contained (DM basis) either no added Se (control) or supranutritional Se from high-Se wheat at 3.0 ppm Se (SW) or from sodium selenate at 3 (S3) or 15 (S15) ppm Se. Diets were similar in CP (15.5%) and ME(2.68 Mcal/kg of DM) and were fed to meet or exceed requirements. Treatments were initiated at 50 +/- 5 d of gestation. The control, SW, S3, and S15 treatment diets provided 2.5, 75, 75, and 375 mu g of Se/kg of BW, respectively. On d 134 +/- 10 of gestation, ewes were necropsied, and tissues were harvested. Contrasts, including control vs. Se treatments (SW, S3, and S15), SW vs. S3, and S3 vs. S15, were used to evaluate differences among Se levels and sources. There were no differences in ewe initial and final BW. Full viscera and liver mass (g/kg of empty BW and g/kg of maternal BW) and maternal liver protein concentration (mg/g) and content (g) were greater (P < 0.04) in Se-treated compared with control ewes. Maternal liver protein concentration was greater (P = 0.01) in SW vs. S3 ewes, and content was greater (P = 0.01) in S15 compared with S3 ewes. Maternal jejunal mucosal DNA concentration (mg/g) was greater (P = 0.08) in SW compared with S3 ewes. Total number of proliferating cells in maternal jejunal mucosa was greater (P = 0.02) in Se-fed compared with control ewes. Capillary number density within maternal jejunal tissue was greater (P = 0.08) in S3 compared with SW ewes. Selenium treatment resulted in reduced fetal heart girth (P = 0.08). Fetal kidney RNA (P = 0.04) and protein concentrations (mg/g; P = 0.03) were greater in Se-treated compared with control ewes. These results indicate that supranutritional dietary Se increases cell numbers in maternal jejunal mucosa through increased crypt cell proliferation. No indications of toxicity were observed in any of the Se treatments. C1 [Neville, T. L.; Ward, M. A.; Reed, J. J.; Soto-Navarro, S. A.; Julius, S. L.; Borowicz, P. P.; Redmer, D. A.; Reynolds, L. P.; Caton, J. S.] N Dakota State Univ, Ctr Nutr & Pregnancy, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Taylor, J. B.] USDA ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. RP Caton, JS (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Ctr Nutr & Pregnancy, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM Joel.Caton@ndsu.edu RI Reynolds, Lawrence/I-5267-2015 OI Reynolds, Lawrence/0000-0002-6838-7809 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 64141,] NR 49 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 86 IS 4 BP 890 EP 901 DI 10.2527/jas.2006-839 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 275PG UT WOS:000254083500011 PM 18192546 ER PT J AU Klotz, JL Kirch, BH Aiken, GE Bush, LP Strickland, JR AF Klotz, J. L. Kirch, B. H. Aiken, G. E. Bush, L. P. Strickland, J. R. TI Effects of selected combinations of tall fescue alkaloids on the vasoconstrictive capacity of fescue-naive bovine lateral saphenous veins SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cattle; ergovaline; fescue toxicosis; lysergic acid; N-acetylloline; vasoconstriction ID LYSERGIC-ACID; ERGOVALINE; VASCULATURE; RECEPTORS; BIOASSAY; EXPOSURE; CATTLE AB Vasoconstriction is a response associated with consumption of toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue. It is not known if endophyte-produced alkaloids act alone or collectively in mediating the response. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the vasoconstrictive potentials of selected ergot alkaloids, individually or in paired combinations, using bovine lateral saphenous veins biopsied from fescue-naive cattle. Segments (2 to 3 cm) of vein were surgically biopsied from healthy crossbred yearling heifers (n = 22; 330 +/- 8 kg of BW). Veins were trimmed of excess fat and connective tissue, sliced into 2- to 3-mm sections, and suspended in a myograph chamber containing 5 mL of oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer (95% O-2/5% CO2; pH = 7.4; 37 degrees C). Increasing doses of ergovaline, lysergic acid, and N-acetylloline individually or in combination were evaluated. Contractile data were normalized as a percentage of the contractile response induced by a reference dose of norepinephrine (1 x 10(-4) M). Increasing concentrations of lysergic acid did not result in an appreciable contractile response until the addition of 1 x 10(-4) M lysergic acid. In contrast, the vascular response to increasing concentrations of ergovaline was apparent at 1 x 10(-8) M and increased to a maximum of 104.2 +/- 6.0% with the addition of 1 x 10(-4) M ergovaline. The presence of N-acetylloline did not alter the onset or magnitude of vascular response to either lysergic acid or ergovaline. The presence of 1 x 10(-5) M lysergic acid with increasing concentrations of N-acetylloline and ergovaline generated an increased contractile response during the initial additions compared with the responses of N-acetylloline and ergovaline alone. In the presence of 1 x 10(-7) M ergovaline, the contractile response increased with increasing concentrations of N-acetylloline and lysergic acid. Neither N-acetylloline nor lysergic acid elicited an intense contractile response individually (maximum contractile responses of 1.9 +/- 0.3% and 22.6 +/- 4.1%, respectively), suggesting that this was the result of the repetitive addition of 1 x 10(-7) M ergovaline. These data indicate that ergovaline is a more potent vascular toxicant than lysergic acid or N-acetylloline. The contractile responses of the ergovaline and lysergic acid combinations appeared to differ from the individual dose responses. These data support the possibility that an additive alkaloid exposure effect may exist and should be considered during evaluations of ergot alkaloids. C1 [Klotz, J. L.; Kirch, B. H.; Aiken, G. E.; Strickland, J. R.] USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Bush, L. P.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Strickland, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM jim.strickland@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 86 IS 4 BP 1021 EP 1028 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0576 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 275PG UT WOS:000254083500025 PM 18192563 ER PT J AU Siragusa, GR Haas, GJ Matthews, PD Smith, RJ Buhr, RJ Dale, NM Wise, MG AF Siragusa, G. R. Haas, G. J. Matthews, P. D. Smith, R. J. Buhr, R. J. Dale, N. M. Wise, M. G. TI Antimicrobial activity of lupulone against Clostridium perfringens in the chicken intestinal tract jejunum and caecum SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE Humulus lupulus; hops; beta-acids; plant-derived antimicrobials; antibiotic alternatives; poultry necrotic enteritis; Clostridium spp. ID HOPS HUMULUS-LUPULUS; CONSTITUENTS; DERIVATIVES; XANTHOHUMOL; COMPONENTS; SPECTRUM AB Objectives: Owing to the spread of antibiotic resistance among human infectious agents, there is a need to research antibiotic alternatives for use in animal agricultural systems. Antibiotic-free broiler chicken production systems are known to suffer from frequent outbreaks of necrotic enteritis due in part to pathogenic type A Clostridium perfringens. Hop (Humulus lupulus) bitter acids are known to possess potent antimicrobial activity. Lupulone was evaluated for in vivo antimicrobial activity to inhibit C. perfringens in a chick gastrointestinal colonization model. Methods: Using a week-2 per os inoculated C. perfringens chicken colonization model, C. perfringens counts in mid-intestinal and caecal contents were compared between chickens administered lupulone at 62.5, 125 and 250 ppm in drinking water versus 0 ppm control. Results: At day 22, post-hatch intestinal C. perfringens counts of lupulone-treated chickens were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than water-treated control groups in both jejunal and caecal sampling sites across all lupulone dosages tested. Conclusions: Lupulone administered through water inhibits gastrointestinal levels of inoculated pathogenic clostridia within the chicken gastrointestinal tract. Lupulone was effective within the chemically complex mixture of material within the gastrointestinal tract, thereby making this agent a target of further research as an antibiotic alternative for this and possibly other intestinal infections. C1 [Siragusa, G. R.; Buhr, R. J.] USDA, ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Haas, G. J.] Fairleigh Dickinson Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Teaneck, NJ USA. [Matthews, P. D.; Smith, R. J.] SS Steiner Inc, New York, NY USA. [Dale, N. M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Wise, M. G.] bioMerieux Bacterial Barcodes Inc, Athens, GA USA. RP Siragusa, GR (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. EM gsiragusa@agtechproducts.com NR 21 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD APR PY 2008 VL 61 IS 4 BP 853 EP 858 DI 10.1093/jac/dkn024 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 278NW UT WOS:000254294600016 PM 18276602 ER PT J AU Heath, SE AF Heath, Sebastian E. TI The impact of epizootics on livelihoods SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL WELFARE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Caring During Crisis - Animal Welfare Durign Pandemics and Natural Disasters CY APR 29-MAY 01, 2007 CL Univ Guelph, Ontario, CANADA HO Univ Guelph ID MOUTH-DISEASE AB Epizootics (nonhuman animal disease epidemics) can have detrimental impacts on livelihoods through a complex interaction of demographic trends, food production, and animal disease. Differences in the rate of demographic shifts, including rates of population growth, economic growth, urbanization, environmental sustainability, and role of women in society, are strong driving forces that will determine to what extent food demand will be matched by food production capacity. Epizootics can negatively affect commerce and trade in all countries, and in low-income countries limited infrastructure and resources as well as competing priorities provide additional disincentive to controlling or eradicating animal diseases. Economic growth is critical to overcoming disparities among countries and is best supported by integrated animal health, public health, labor, and foreign policies. The adverse impacts of epizootics can be largely overcome through programs that support job growth along the value-added chain of food production and will require significant investments in science- (risk-) based education. C1 USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Heath, SE (reprint author), USDA, 1400 Independence Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM sebastian.heath@comeast.net NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1088-8705 J9 J APPL ANIM WELF SCI JI J. Appl. Anim. Welf. Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 2 BP 98 EP 111 DI 10.1080/10888700801946048 PG 14 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 284IW UT WOS:000254701100003 PM 18444031 ER PT J AU Walsh, GC Weber, DC Mattioli, F Heck, G AF Walsh, G. Cabrera Weber, D. C. Mattioli, F. Heck, G. TI Qualitative and quantitative responses of Diabroticina (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) to cucurbit extracts linked to species, sex, weather and deployment method SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diobrotico; cucurbitacin baits; cucurbitacin traps; sexual bias ID CORN-ROOTWORM COLEOPTERA; CUCUMBER BEETLE COLEOPTERA; BAROMETRIC-PRESSURE; ACALYMMA-VITTATUM; BAITS; WESTERN; ATTRACTANTS; MANAGEMENT; PHEROMONE; ADULT AB Toxic baits and traps for Diabroticina, based on bitter cucurbit extracts, have been utilized for a number of years with inconsistent results. Four species of bitter Cucurbitaccae were compared in the field for their attractancy to species of Diabroticina in Argentina and the United States. The comparisons were made with polyester fabrics treated with known volumes of different cucurbit extracts, against a standard cucurbit extract of bitter Hawkesbuffy watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsumura and Nakai). The factors evaluated were: the attractancy of the different extracts in terms of beetle numbers, species and sex of the Diabroticina caught; influence of different fabrics on such attraction; and influence of several weather variables on the catches. The most attractive species was Cayaponia bonariensis (Miller) Martinez Crovetto, however, practical considerations indicated that Cucumis myriocarpus Naudin and Hawkesbury watermelon may be better choices from the commercial perspective. No single weather factor could explain the catches throughout the sample range, but different temperature and barometric pressure ranges provided some predictive value. Although the susceptibility to weather conditions and a strong male dominance in the catches raise the question of the usefulness of cucurbitacins as the main component in toxic baits or traps, these drawbacks may prove to be less important in widespread bait applications and Diabroticina management in vegetable crops. C1 [Walsh, G. Cabrera; Mattioli, F.; Heck, G.] USDA ARS, S Amer Biol Control Lab, RA-1686 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Weber, D. C.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Walsh, GC (reprint author), USDA ARS, S Amer Biol Control Lab, Bolivar 1559, RA-1686 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM gcabrera@speedy.com.ar NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 132 IS 3 BP 205 EP 215 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2008.01272.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 284JS UT WOS:000254703300003 ER PT J AU Li, XJ Yue, LY Guan, XF Qiao, SY AF Li, X. J. Yue, L. Y. Guan, X. F. Qiao, S. Y. TI The adhesion of putative probiotic lactobacilli to cultured epithelial cells and porcine intestinal mucus SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adhesion index; Caco-2 cell; intestinal mucus; Lactobacillus; probiotic ID ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; HUMAN ENTEROCYTE; CACO-2 CELLS; ILEAL MUCUS; STRAINS; BIFIDOBACTERIUM; GLYCOPROTEINS; PURIFICATION; ATTACHMENT AB Aims: To investigate the adhesion of lactobacilli and their subsequent competitive exclusion ability against pathogens. Methods and Results: Four species of putative probiotic lactobacilli were studied for their adhesion abilities. First, the adhesion to Caco-2 cells was examined by light and electron microscopy. The four species were then labelled by [methyl-H-3] thymidine and their adhesion to porcine intestinal mucus was determined by radioactivity. The tested lactobacilli showed best adhesion on ileal mucus compared with duodenal and jujenal mucus. Oxidative compound pre-treatment (NaIO3 and NaIO4) dramatically decreased the adhesion of the lactobacilli to mucus. Pre-treating mucus with proteolytic enzymes (proteinase K and trypsin) resulted in the increase of adhesion in Lactobacillus serotype Reuteri I2021, but the results in the other species were variable. Lactobacillus serotype Fermentum I5007 showed greatest adhesion potential and exerted the best competitive exclusion against Salmonella and Escherichia. Conclusions: Adhesion ability in lactobacilli is species-specific. Lactobacilli with higher adhesion index have better competitive exclusion ability. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study suggests that there is a positive correlation between adhesion and competitive exclusion ability of lactobacilli. Additionally, the in vitro adhesion assay is a feasible way to screen unknown lactobacilli, potentially for future industrial applications. C1 [Li, X. J.; Yue, L. Y.; Qiao, S. Y.] China Minist Agr, Feed Ind Ctr, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Guan, X. F.] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. RP Qiao, SY (reprint author), China Minist Agr, Feed Ind Ctr, 2 Yuanmingyuan W Rd, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. EM qiaoshy@mafic.ac.cn NR 33 TC 38 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 104 IS 4 BP 1082 EP 1091 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03636.x PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 274DT UT WOS:000253982700018 PM 18081774 ER PT J AU Chacko, SK Sunehag, AL Sharma, S Sauer, PJJ Haymond, MW AF Chacko, Shaji K. Sunehag, Agneta L. Sharma, Susan Sauer, Pieter J. J. Haymond, Morey W. TI Measurement of gluconeogenesis using glucose fragments and mass spectrometry after ingestion of deuterium oxide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glucose kinetics; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; isotope ratio mass spectrometry; hexamethylenetetramine; infants; fasting adults ID ISOTOPOMER DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; STABLE-ISOTOPE; FASTED STATE; CORI CYCLE; HUMANS; QUANTITATION; ADOLESCENTS; ENRICHMENT; METABOLISM AB We report a new method to measure the fraction of glucose derived from gluconeogenesis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and positive chemical ionization. After ingestion of deuterium oxide by subjects, glucose derived from gluconeogenesis is labeled with deuterium. Our calculations of gluconeogenesis are based on measurements of the average enrichment of deuterium on carbon 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 of glucose and the deuterium enrichment in body water. In a sample from an adult volunteer after ingestion of deuterium oxide, fractional gluconeogenesis using the "average deuterium enrichment method" was 48.3 +/- 0.5% (mean +/- SD) and that with the C-5 hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) method by Landau et al. (Landau BR, Wahren J, Chandramouli V, Schumann WC, Ekberg K, Kalhan SC; J Clin Invest 98: 378-385, 1996) was 46.9 +/- 5.4%. The coefficient of variation of 10 replicate analyses using the new method was 1.0% compared with 11.5% for the C-5 HMT method. In samples derived from an infant receiving total parenteral nutrition, fractional gluconeogenesis was 13.3 +/- 0.3% using the new method and 13.7 +/- 0.8% using the C-5 HMT method. Fractional gluconeogenesis measured in six adult volunteers after 66 h of continuous fasting was 83.7 +/- 2.3% using the new method and 84.2 +/- 5.0% using the C-5 HMT method. In conclusion, the average deuterium enrichment method is simple, highly reproducible, and cost effective. Furthermore, it requires only small blood sample volumes. With the use of an additional tracer, glucose rate of appearance can also be measured during the same analysis. Thus the new method makes measurements of gluconeogenesis available and affordable to large numbers of investigators under conditions of low and high fractional gluconeogenesis (similar to 10 to similar to 90) in all subject populations. C1 [Chacko, Shaji K.; Sunehag, Agneta L.; Sharma, Susan; Haymond, Morey W.] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Sauer, Pieter J. J.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Beatrix Children Hosp, Dept Pediat, Groningen, Netherlands. RP Haymond, MW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mhaymond@bcm.tmc.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR-00188]; NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD-044609, 2R01 HD-037957]; NIDDK NIH HHS [5-RO1 DK-55478] NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 104 IS 4 BP 944 EP 951 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00752.2007 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 283FV UT WOS:000254623000009 PM 18187615 ER PT J AU Soto-Blanco, B Stegelmeier, BL Pfister, JA Gardner, DR Panter, KE AF Soto-Blanco, B. Stegelmeier, B. L. Pfister, J. A. Gardner, D. R. Panter, K. E. TI Comparative effects of prolonged administration of cyanide, thiocyanate and chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) to goats SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cyanogenic plants; poisonous plants; cyanide; thiocyanate; Prunus virginiana; chokecherry; goats ID ESCULENTA-CRANTZ DIET; POTASSIUM CYANIDE; RAT-BRAIN; EXPOSURE; TOXICITY; RUMINANTS; PLANTS; MODEL; ACID; METABOLITES AB The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the clinical, hematological, biochemical and histopathological changes induced by cyanide, thiocyanate and chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) in goats. Sixteen Boer-Spanish cross-bred female goats were divided into four treatment groups: (1) control, (2) potassium cyanide (KCN) at 3.8 mg kg(-1) days(-1), (3) potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) at 4.5 mg kg(-1) day(-1) and (4) ground frozen chokecherry leaves and flowers at a target dose of 2.5 mg HCN kg(-1) day(-1), all for 4 weeks. Clinical signs were observed in two goats treated with chokecherry. Only sporadic changes were found in the hematological and blood chemical panel. Goats treated with chokecherry and thiocyanate had an increased number of vacuoles in the colloid of thyroid glands. Spongiosis and spheroids were found in the mesencephalon from goats treated with KCN and chokecherry. These findings suggest the thyroid lesions can be attributed to thiocyanate, whereas the effects on the nervous system were most likely caused by cyanide. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Stegelmeier, B. L.; Pfister, J. A.; Gardner, D. R.; Panter, K. E.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Soto-Blanco, B.] Univ Fed Rural Semi Arido, Dept Ciencias Anim, Mossoro, RN, Brazil. RP Pfister, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM jpfister@cc.usu.edu RI Soto-Blanco, Benito/A-5817-2010 OI Soto-Blanco, Benito/0000-0003-3861-1838 NR 46 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 28 IS 3 BP 356 EP 363 DI 10.1002/jat.1286 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 292VZ UT WOS:000255295500013 PM 17631662 ER PT J AU Whitford, WG Barness, G Steinberger, Y AF Whitford, W. G. Barness, G. Steinberger, Y. TI Effects of three species of Chihuahuian Desert ants on annual plants and soil properties SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Aphaenogaster cockerelli; generalist foragers; honey-pot ants; microbial biomass; Myrmecocystus depilis; persistent nests; Pogonomyrmex rugosus; soil respiration ID POGONOMYRMEX-RUGOSUS NESTS; HARVESTER ANTS; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; FORAGING ECOLOGY; VEGETATION; GRASSLAND; DECOMPOSITION; RESPIRATION; HYMENOPTERA; VARIABILITY AB We tested the hypothesis that ant species, which occupy the same nest for a decade or longer, would modify nest soils by increasing soil nutrients and microorganisms resulting in increased biomass, density, cover and species richness of annual plants. We measured soil properties and annual plants on nest soils of three species of Chihuahuan Desert ants (Pogonomyrmex rugosus-seed harvester, Aphaenogaster cockerelli-generalist forager, and Myrmecocystus depilis-liquid collector-insect scavenger) in comparison to paired reference soils at several locations. There were no differences in nest and reference total soil nitrogen of M. depilis and of P. rugosus on three catena soils. Total soil nitrogen of nest-modified soils was higher than of reference soils of A. cockerelli and P. rugosus in a desert grassland site. Soil microbial biomass and respiration were not significantly different among ant species at most locations with the exception of P. rugosus at the base of the catena. Annual plant biomass was higher on M. depilis and A. cockerelli nest soils than on the reference soils. Annual plant biomass was higher on P. rugosus nest soils than on reference soils at the base of the catena and in the grassland but not at the mid-slope and top of the catena. The effects of long-lived ant colony nests on soil properties and vegetation vary in time and space but are independent of the feeding behavior of the ant species. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Barness, G.; Steinberger, Y.] Bar Ilan Univ, Mina & Everard Goodman Fac Life Sci, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. [Whitford, W. G.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Steinberger, Y (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Mina & Everard Goodman Fac Life Sci, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. EM wawhitfo@nmsu.edu; steinby@mail.biu.ac.il NR 34 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD APR PY 2008 VL 72 IS 4 BP 392 EP 400 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.07.012 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 281RS UT WOS:000254517200011 ER PT J AU Malik-Kale, P Parker, CT Konkel, ME AF Malik-Kale, Preeti Parker, Craig T. Konkel, Michael E. TI Culture of Campylobacter jejuni with sodium deoxycholate induces virulence gene expression SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIDRUG EFFLUX PUMP; IN-VIVO COLONIZATION; THERMOSTABLE DIRECT HEMOLYSIN; HUMAN EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; VIBRIO-PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; BILE RESISTANCE; SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI; INVASION GENES; SECRETION AB Campylobacter jejuni, a spiral-shaped gram-negative bacterium, is a leading bacterial cause of human food-borne illness. Acute disease is associated with C. jejuni invasion of the intestinal epithelium. Further, maximal host cell invasion requires the secretion of proteins termed Campylobacter invasion antigens (Cia). As bile acids are known to alter the pathogenic behavior of other gastrointestinal pathogens, we hypothesized that the virulence potential of Campylobacter may be triggered by the bile acid deoxycholate (DOC). In support of this hypothesis, culturing C. jejuni with a physiologically relevant concentration of DOC significantly altered the kinetics of cell invasion, as shown by gentamicin protection assays. In contrast to C. jejuni harvested from Mueller-Hinton (MH) agar plates, C. jejuni harvested from MH agar plates supplemented with DOC secreted the Cia proteins, as judged by metabolic labeling experiments. DOC was also found to induce the expression of the ciaB gene, as determined by P-galactosidase reporter, real-time reverse transcription-PCR, and microarray analyses. Microarray analysis further revealed that DOC induced the expression of virulence genes (ciaB, cmeABC, dccR, and tlyA). In summary, we demonstrated that it is possible to enhance the pathogenic behavior of C. jejuni by modifying the culture conditions. These results provide a foundation for identifying genes expressed by C. jejuni in response to in vivo-like culture conditions. C1 [Malik-Kale, Preeti; Konkel, Michael E.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Parker, Craig T.] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Konkel, ME (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM konkel@wsu.edu NR 53 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 190 IS 7 BP 2286 EP 2297 DI 10.1128/JB.01736-07 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 278YX UT WOS:000254323300006 PM 18223090 ER PT J AU Goldberg, JB Hancock, REW Parales, RE Loper, J Cornelis, P AF Goldberg, Joanna B. Hancock, Robert E. W. Parales, Rebecca E. Loper, Joyce Cornelis, Pierre TI Pseudomonas 2007 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PV. TOMATO DC3000; HYDROLASE-FOLD SUPERFAMILY; MESSENGER-RNA RECOGNITION; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS PATIENTS; UNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; IRON OXYGENASE SYSTEM; GENE-EXPRESSION; 1H-3-HYDROXY-4-OXOQUINALDINE 2,4-DIOXYGENASE; CARBAZOLE 1,9A-DIOXYGENASE; BIOFILM FORMATION C1 [Goldberg, Joanna B.] Univ Virginia, Hlth Syst, Dept Microbiol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Hancock, Robert E. W.] Univ British Columbia, Ctr Microbial Dis & Immun Res, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Parales, Rebecca E.] Univ Calif Davis, Microbiol Sect, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Loper, Joyce] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Corvallis, OR USA. [Cornelis, Pierre] Vrije Univ Brussel VIB, Dept Mol & Cell Interact, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RP Goldberg, JB (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Hlth Syst, Dept Microbiol, Box 800734,1300 Jefferson Pk Ave, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM jbg2b@virginia.edu RI Hancock, Robert/E-1145-2013; OI Loper, Joyce/0000-0003-3501-5969 NR 124 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 190 IS 8 BP 2649 EP 2662 DI 10.1128/JB.01950-07 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 285JN UT WOS:000254773200003 PM 18165299 ER PT J AU Rohrig, E Sivinski, J Teal, P Stuhl, C Aluja, M AF Rohrig, Eric Sivinski, John Teal, Peter Stuhl, Charles Aluja, Martin TI A floral-derived compound attractive to the tephritid fruit fly parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acetophenone; opiinae; traps; biological control; flowers ID PEST-MANAGEMENT; ASHMEAD HYMENOPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ALYSSUM FLOWERS; FLIES DIPTERA; VOLATILES; LONGEVITY; STIMULI; ICHNEUMONIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA AB Many adult hymenopteran parasitoids, even host-feeding species, consume the nectar of flowering plants. Previous field studies had identified plants attractive (Lobularia maritima L.) and unattractive (Spermacoce verticillata L) to certain opiine braconids (Hymenoptera). Under laboratory conditions, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), a parasitoid of tephritid fruit fly larvae and representative opiine, responded in flight tunnels to L. maritima but not to S. verticillata. Volatile chemicals of the two flowers were collected and analyzed by using capillary gas liquid chromatography and mass spectral analysis. Acetophenone was isolated from L. maritima but not from S. verticillata. In flight tunnels, D. longicaudata were exposed to 10 concentrations (doses) of acetophenone. Female parasitoids showed a significant attraction to several acetophenone doses, with concentrations of 25 and 50 ng the most attractive. No odor source, either floral or floral-derived, was attractive to male parasitoids. Reliable trapping systems for parasitoid species, particularly species such as D. longicaudata used for augmentative biological control, would be a valuable monitoring tool. At present, there are few, if any, florally derived synthetic lures for attracting hymenopteran parasitoids. C1 [Rohrig, Eric; Sivinski, John; Teal, Peter; Stuhl, Charles] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. [Rohrig, Eric] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Aluja, Martin] Inst Ecol, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Sivinski, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1660-1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. EM jsivinski@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu NR 61 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 34 IS 4 BP 549 EP 557 DI 10.1007/s10886-008-9438-y PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 285VS UT WOS:000254804900013 PM 18343976 ER PT J AU Brandon, SK Eiteman, MA Patel, K Richbourg, MM Miller, DJ Anderson, WF Peterson, JD AF Brandon, Sarah K. Eiteman, Mark A. Patel, Krishna Richbourg, Michele M. Miller, David J. Anderson, William F. Peterson, Joy Doran TI Hydrolysis of Tifton 85 bermudagrass in a pressurizea batch hot water reactor SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pressurized batch hot water; lignocellulosic biomass; ethanol; pretreatment; bermudagrass ID ETHANOLOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; LIQUID WATER; FUEL ETHANOL; SUGAR-CANE; FERMENTATION; GROWTH; ACID; HEMICELLULOSE; PRETREATMENT AB BACKGROUND: Ethanol production from grass is desirable due to the large amount of biomass it produces. However, a pretreatment is necessary before fermentation to increase ethanol yield. Tifton 85 bermudagrass was treated with a newly designed pressurized batch hot water reactor. Multiple temperatures, pressures, and reaction times were evaluated, and reducing sugars liberated during enzymatic hydrolysis were determined. RESULTS: Pressure had a negligible effect on digestibility of the grass, and a reaction temperature of 230 degrees C for 2 min was the most effective in releasing reducing sugars. Fermentations were conducted with untreated grass and with grass treated for 2 min at 200 degrees C or 230 degrees C to confirm that the increase in reducing sugar concentration resulted in an increased ethanol yield. Following hydrolysis with 2 filter paper units (FPU) of a mixed cellulase enzyme cocktail per gram dry weight of grass, fermentations were performed with engineered Escherichia coli strain LY01. Grass treated at 230 degrees C produced 14.7 g L(-1) of ethanol, which was significantly higher than 200 degrees C treated grass (11.0 g L(-1)) and untreated grass (9.0 g L(-1)). Ferulic and para-coumaric acids were also released during the fermentations. CONCLUSION: Pressurized batch hot water reactor pretreatment is effective in increasing ethanol yield of grass in fermentations. (c) 2008 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 [Brandon, Sarah K.; Patel, Krishna; Peterson, Joy Doran] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Eiteman, Mark A.; Richbourg, Michele M.; Miller, David J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Anderson, William F.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Peterson, JD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jpeterso@uga.edu NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-2575 J9 J CHEM TECHNOL BIOT JI J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 83 IS 4 BP 505 EP 512 DI 10.1002/jctb.1824 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering GA 285GB UT WOS:000254764200010 ER PT J AU Booth, SL Dallal, G Shea, MK Gundberg, C Peterson, JW Dawson-Hughes, B AF Booth, Sarah L. Dallal, Gerard Shea, M. Kyla Gundberg, Caren Peterson, James W. Dawson-Hughes, Bess TI Effect of vitamin K supplementation on bone loss in elderly men and women SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID MINERAL DENSITY; UNDERCARBOXYLATED OSTEOCALCIN; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PHYLLOQUINONE INTAKE; BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES; HIP FRACTURE; DIETARY; CALCIUM; HEALTH; PREVENTION AB Context: Vitamin K has been implicated in bone health, primarily in observational studies. However, little is known about the role of phylloquinone supplementation on prevention of bone loss in men and women. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of 3-yr phylloquinone supplementation on change in bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck bone in older men and women who were calcium and vitamin D replete. Design, Participants, and Intervention: In this 3-yr, double-blind, controlled trial, 452 men and women (60-80 yr) were randomized equally to receive a multivitamin that contained either 500 mu g/d or no phylloquinone plus a daily calcium (600 mg elemental calcium) and vitamin D (400 IU) supplement. Main Outcome Measures: Measurements of the femoral neck, spine (L2-L4), and total-body BMD, bone turnover, and vitamins K and D status were measured every 6-12 months. Intent-to-treat analysis was used to compare change in measures in 401 participants who completed the trial. Results: There were no differences in changes in BMD measurements at any of the anatomical sites measured between the two groups. The group that received the phylloquinone supplement had significantly higher phylloquinone and significantly lower percent undercarboxylated osteocalcin concentrations compared with the group that did not receive phylloquinone. No other biochemical measures differed between the two groups. Conclusions: Phylloquinone supplementation in a dose attainable in the diet does not confer any additional benefit for bone health at the spine or hip when taken with recommended amounts of calcium and vitamin D. C1 [Booth, Sarah L.; Dallal, Gerard; Shea, M. Kyla; Peterson, James W.; Dawson-Hughes, Bess] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Gundberg, Caren] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Booth, SL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM sarah.booth@tufts.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL69272, R01 HL069272, T32 HL069772, T32 HL69772-01A1]; NIA NIH HHS [AG14759, R01 AG014759] NR 25 TC 79 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 11 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD APR PY 2008 VL 93 IS 4 BP 1217 EP 1223 DI 10.1210/jc.2007-2490 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 284AI UT WOS:000254677200022 PM 18252784 ER PT J AU Hannis, JC Manalili, SM Hall, TA Ranken, R White, N Sampath, R Blyn, LB Ecker, DJ Mandrell, RE Fagerquist, CK Bates, AH Miller, WG Hofstadler, SA AF Hannis, James C. Manalili, Sheri M. Hall, Thomas A. Ranken, Raymond White, Neill Sampath, Rangarajan Blyn, Lawrence B. Ecker, David J. Mandrell, Robert E. Fagerquist, Clifton K. Bates, Anna H. Miller, William G. Hofstadler, Steven A. TI High-resolution genotyping of Campylobacter species by use of PCR and high-throughput mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE TYPING SYSTEM; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; COLI; JEJUNI; STRAINS; UPSALIENSIS; HELVETICUS; INFECTION; PATHOGENS; LARI AB In this work we report on a high-throughput mass spectrometry-based technique for the rapid highresolution identification of Campylobacter jejuni strain types. This method readily distinguishes C.jejuni from C. coli, has a resolving power comparable to that of multilocus sequence typing (MLST), is applicable to mixtures, and is highly automated. The strain typing approach is based on high-performance mass spectrometry, which "weighs" PCR amplicons with enough mass accuracy to unambiguously determine the base composition of each amplicon (i.e., the numbers of A's, G's, C's, and T's). Amplicons are derived from PCR primers which amplify short (< 140-bp) regions of the housekeeping genes used by conventional MLST strategies. The results obtained with a challenge panel that comprised 25 strain types of C.jejuni and 25 strain types of C. coli are presented. These samples were parsed and resolved with demonstrated sensitivity down to 10 genomes/PCR from pure isolates. C1 [Hannis, James C.; Manalili, Sheri M.; Hall, Thomas A.; Ranken, Raymond; White, Neill; Sampath, Rangarajan; Blyn, Lawrence B.; Ecker, David J.; Hofstadler, Steven A.] ISIS Pharmaceut Inc, Ibis Biosci Inc, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. [Mandrell, Robert E.; Fagerquist, Clifton K.; Bates, Anna H.; Miller, William G.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Hofstadler, SA (reprint author), ISIS Pharmaceut Inc, Ibis Biosci Inc, 1891 Rutherford Rd, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. EM shofstad@ibisbio.com NR 31 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 46 IS 4 BP 1220 EP 1225 DI 10.1128/JCM.02158-07 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 286SN UT WOS:000254866400010 PM 18272701 ER PT J AU McConnel, CS Lombard, JE Wagner, BA Garry, FB AF McConnel, C. S. Lombard, J. E. Wagner, B. A. Garry, F. B. TI Evaluation of factors associated with increased dairy cow mortality on United States dairy operations SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE mortality; risk factor; dairy; cow ID RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH; HERDS; HOLSTEINS; MANAGEMENT; SURVIVAL; CATTLE; PERIOD; YIELD AB Dairy cow mortality is an increasingly severe problem for the US dairy industry. The objective of this study was to examine a variety of herd management practices and herd characteristics to identify factors associated with increased cow mortality in US dairy herds. The National Animal Health Monitoring System's Dairy 2002 study surveyed dairy operations in 21 major dairy states. The complete data set included results from 953 dairy farms with a minimum of 30 dairy cows per farm. Associations between dairy cow mortality and 119 a priori-selected management practices or characteristics of 953 operations were evaluated. Eighty of the 119 risk factors explored in a univariate analysis met initial inclusion criteria for further evaluation of association with dairy cow mortality. A multivariable analysis was conducted to explore more complex relationships. The final multivariable model included 7 representative variables: herd levels of respiratory disease, lameness, and antibiotic use for treating sick cows, the percentage of culled cows less than 50 d in milk, the average calving interval, the use of a total mixed ration, and the region of the country. Increased odds of a greater level of mortality on farms was associated with greater percentages of lameness, respiratory disease, and sick cows treated with antibiotics, demonstrating the influence of physical derangements and disease on dairy cow mortality. Increased odds of a greater level of mortality was also associated with feeding a total mixed ration, culling fewer cows in early lactation, and herds located in western, midwestern, and southeastern regions relative to the northeastern United States, pointing to the importance of management decisions and operation characteristics on mortality outcomes. Further, an important interplay between facets of health and management on dairy cow mortality was suggested through the inclusion of the calving interval, with a longer calving interval leading to increased odds of a greater level of mortality on farms. Analysis of a variety of herd characteristics and practices with nationally representative data suggests that several health problems in tandem with aspects of operational construct and management are associated with increasing mortality. C1 [McConnel, C. S.; Lombard, J. E.; Garry, F. B.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lombard, J. E.; Wagner, B. A.] USDA, APHIS VS, Ctr Epidemiol, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Lombard, J. E.; Wagner, B. A.] USDA, APHIS VS, Ctr Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP McConnel, CS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM craigmcc@lamar.colostate.edu NR 32 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 91 IS 4 BP 1423 EP 1432 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0440 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 276EJ UT WOS:000254123800014 PM 18349234 ER PT J AU Flores, R Coblentz, WK Ogden, RK Coffey, KP Looper, ML West, CP Rosenkrans, CF AF Flores, R. Coblentz, W. K. Ogden, R. K. Coffey, K. P. Looper, M. L. West, C. P. Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr. TI Effects of fescue type and sampling date on the nitrogen disappearance kinetics of autumn-stockpiled tall fescue SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE grazing; nitrogen disappearance kinetics; replacement heifers; tall fescue ID ALKALOID-PRODUCING ENDOPHYTES; SITU DRY-MATTER; IN-SITU; PROTEIN-DEGRADATION; STEER PERFORMANCE; COW HERDS; PASTURES; HAY; ORCHARDGRASS; DIGESTION AB Two tall fescue [ Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh] forages, one an experimental host plant/endophyte association containing a novel endophyte that produces low or nil concentrations of ergot alkaloids (HM4) and the other a typical association of Kentucky 31 tall fescue and the wild-type endophyte ( Neotyphodium coenophialum; E+), were autumn-stockpiled following late-summer clipping and fertilization with 56 kg/ha of N to assess N partitioning and ruminal disappearance kinetics of N for these autumn-stockpiled tall fescue forages. Beginning on December 4, 2003, sixteen 361 +/- 56.4-kg replacement dairy heifers were stratified by weight and breeding, and assigned to one of four 1.6-ha pastures ( 2 each of E+ and HM4) that were strip-grazed throughout the winter. Pastures were sampled before grazing was initiated ( December 4), each time heifers were allowed access to a fresh pasture strip ( December 26, January 15, and February 4), and when the study was terminated ( February 26). Generally, fescue type and the fescue type x sampling date interaction exhibited only minor effects on total forage N, or partitioning of N within the cell solubles or the cell wall. For pregrazed forages, concentrations of N and N partitioned within the cell solubles both declined in a strongly linear relationship with sampling dates. In contrast, concentrations of cell-wall-associated N changed in erratic and often higher-ordered relationships with time, but the magnitude of these responses generally was limited. Unlike the partitioning of N within cell-wall and cell-soluble fractions, kinetic char-acteristics of ruminal N disappearance frequently exhibited interactions of fescue type and sampling date. For pregrazed forages, these included interactions for all response variables, and for postgrazed forages, fractions B and C, as well as rumen degradable protein. Ruminal disappearance rate for pregrazed E+ and HM4 exhibited quadratic ( range = 0.057 to 0.082/h) and cubic ( range = 0.057 to 0.075/h) relationships with time, respectively. For postgrazed E+ and HM4 forages, ruminal disappearance rate was unaffected ( mean = 0.066/h) or only tended to be affected by sampling date ( mean = 0.065/h), respectively. Concentrations of rumen degradable protein exhibited various curvilinear relationships with sampling dates, but disappearance was consistently extensive, and the overall range was relatively narrow (71.3 to 78.9% of N). These findings suggest that ruminal disappearance of N for autumn-stockpiled tall fescue forages remains extensive throughout the winter months and is only affected minimally by fescue type, sampling date, and grazing status. C1 [Coblentz, W. K.] US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Flores, R.; Ogden, R. K.; Coffey, K. P.; Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Looper, M. L.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [West, C. P.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Coblentz, WK (reprint author), US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM wayne.coblentz@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 91 IS 4 BP 1597 EP 1606 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0787 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 276EJ UT WOS:000254123800032 PM 18349252 ER PT J AU Dechow, CD Norman, HD Zwald, NR Cowan, CM Meland, OM AF Dechow, C. D. Norman, H. D. Zwald, N. R. Cowan, C. M. Meland, O. M. TI Relationship between individual herd-heritability estimates and sire misidentification rate SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sire misidentification; daughter-dam regression; heritability ID GENETIC EVALUATIONS; SIB CORRELATION; DAIRY-CATTLE; VARIANCE; YIELD; MILK; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATION; REGRESSION; ERRORS AB The objectives of this study were to estimate heritabilities within herds participating in Dairy Herd Improvement and determine the relationship of the individual herd heritability with sire misidentification rate. Individual herd heritabilities for milk, fat, and protein yield and somatic cell score (SCS) were calculated with daughter-dam regression and daughter-sire predicted transmitting ability ( PTA) regression using 4,712,166 records from 16,336 herds available for August 2000 evaluations and 7,084,953 records from 20,920 herds available for August 2006 evaluations. Herd heritabilities were estimated using regression models that included fixed breed, age within parity, herd-year-season of calving, dam records nested within state, sire PTA within state, and an interaction between sire PTA and herd variance; random regression coefficients were dam records within herd and sire PTA within herd. Average daughter-dam herd heritability estimates ranged from 0.21 ( SCS in 2000) to 0.73 ( protein percentage in 2006), whereas daughter-sire herd heritability ranged from 0.10 ( SCS in 2000) to 0.42 ( protein percentage in 2006). Verification of sire identification with DNA marker analysis was provided by Accelerated Genetics and Alta Genetics Inc. Daughter-sire herd heritability was more strongly correlated with sire misidentification rate than daughter-dam herd heritability. The correlation between the first principal component for all measures of herd heritability and sire misidentification rate was -0.38 ( 176 herds) and -0.50 ( 230 herds) in 2000 and 2006, respectively. Herd heritability can be estimated with simple regression techniques for several thousand herds simultaneously. The herd heritability estimates were correlated negatively with sire misidentification rates and could be used to identify herds that provide inaccurate data for progeny testing. C1 [Dechow, C. D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Dairy & Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Norman, H. D.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zwald, N. R.] Alta Genet Inc, Watertown, WI 53094 USA. [Cowan, C. M.] Genet Vis Inc, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Meland, O. M.] Accelerated Genet, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. RP Dechow, CD (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Dairy & Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM cdechow@psu.edu NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 91 IS 4 BP 1640 EP 1647 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0534 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 276EJ UT WOS:000254123800036 PM 18349256 ER PT J AU Dechow, CD Norman, HD Pelensky, CA AF Dechow, C. D. Norman, H. D. Pelensky, C. A. TI Short communication: Variance estimates among herds stratified by individual herd heritability SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE herd heritability; daughter-dam regression; daughter-sire regression ID YIELD; MILK AB The objectives of this study were to compare (co) variance parameter estimates among subsets of data that were pooled from herds with high, medium, or low individual herd heritability estimates and to compare individual herd heritability estimates to REML heritability estimates for pooled data sets. A regression model was applied to milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, and somatic cell score (SCS) records from 20,902 herds to generate individual-herd heritability estimates. Herds representing the 5th percentile or less (P5), 47th through the 53rd percentile (P50), and the 95th percentile or higher (P95) for herd heritability were randomly selected. Yield or SCS from the selected herds were pooled for each percentile group and treated as separate traits. Records from P5, P50, and P95 were then analyzed with a 3-trait animal model. Heritability estimates were 23, 31, 26, and 8% higher in P95 than in P5 for milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, and SCS, respectively. The regression techniques successfully stratified individual herds by heritability, and additive genetic variance increased progressively, whereas permanent environmental variance decreased progressively as herd heritability increased. C1 [Dechow, C. D.; Pelensky, C. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Dairy & Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Norman, H. D.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dechow, CD (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Dairy & Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM cdechow@psu.edu NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 91 IS 4 BP 1648 EP 1651 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0622 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 276EJ UT WOS:000254123800037 PM 18349257 ER PT J AU Bruck, DJ Edwards, DL Donahue, KM AF Bruck, Denny J. Edwards, David L. Donahue, Kelly M. TI Susceptibility of the strawberry crown moth (Lepidoptera : Sesiidae) to entomopathogenic nematodes SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE strawberry; microbial control; biological control; entomopathogenic nematodes ID NEOAPLECTANA-BIBIONIS NEMATODA; INSECT PARASITIC NEMATODE; SYNANTHEDON-TIPULIFORMIS; STEINERNEMA-CARPOCAPSAE; BORER LEPIDOPTERA; PEACHTREE BORER; FILBERT WEEVIL; CURCULIONIDAE; COLEOPTERA; RASPBERRY AB The objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility of the strawberry crown moth, Synanthedon bibionipennis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) larvae to two species of entomopathogenic nematodes. The entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) strain Agriotos and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Steiner) strain Oswego were evaluated in laboratory soil bioassays and the field. Both nematode species were highly infective in the laboratory bioassays. Last instars were extremely susceptible to nematode infection in the laboratory, even in the protected environment inside the strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa Duch.) crown. Infectivity in the laboratory was 96 and 94% for S. carpocapsae and H. bacteriophora, respectively. Field applications in late fall (October) were less effective with S. carpocapsae and H. bacteriophora, resulting in 51 and 33% infection, respectively. Larval mortality in the field from both nematode treatments was significantly greater than the control, but treatments were substantially less efficacious than in the laboratory. Soil temperature after nematode applications in the field (11 degrees C. mean daily temperature) was below minimum establishment temperatures for both nematode species for a majority of the post-application period. It is clear from laboratory data that strawberry crown moth larvae are extremely susceptible to nematode infection. Improved control in the field is likely if nematode applications are made in late summer to early fall when larvae are present in the soil and soil temperatures are more favorable for nematode infection. C1 [Bruck, Denny J.; Edwards, David L.; Donahue, Kelly M.] ARS, USDA, Horticultural Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Bruck, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Horticultural Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM bruckd@onid.orst.edu NR 26 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 251 EP 255 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[251:SOTSCM]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100002 PM 18459385 ER PT J AU Chen, J Cantrell, CL Duke, SO Allen, ML AF Chen, J. Cantrell, C. L. Duke, S. O. Allen, M. L. TI Repellency of callicarpenal and intermedeol against workers of imported fire ants (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE repellent; imported fire ants; Solenopsis invicta Buren; Solenopsis richteri; hybrid ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; ESSENTIAL OIL; DIGGING BEHAVIOR; LEAVES; IDENTIFICATION; AMERICANA; TOXICITY AB Callicarpenal and intermedeol are two insect-repellent terpenoids isolated from leaves of American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana L.; Verbenaceae) and Japanese beautyberry (Callicarpa japonica Thunb.). The repellency of these two terpenoids against workers of red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren, black imported fire ants, Solenopsis richteri Forel, and a hybrid of these two species was evaluated using digging bioassays. In a multiple choice digging bioassay using two colonies from each species and their hybrid, callicarpenal showed significant repellency at concentration as low as 50 ppm against both red imported fire ant colonies and 6.25 ppm against all black imported fire ant and hybrid colonies. Intermedeol showed significant repellency at concentration as low as 1.50 ppm against both red imported fire ant colonies and 6.25 ppm against all black imported fire ant and hybrid colonies. In total, 15 colonies, five colonies from each species and the hybrid, were tested on callicarpenal and intermedeol at 50 ppm in a two-choice digging bioassay. Both callicarpenal and intermedeol showed repellency against all colonies, and intermedeol showed significantly greater repellency than callicarpenal against both species and their hybrid. C1 [Chen, J.; Allen, M. L.] ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Cantrell, C. L.; Duke, S. O.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM jiancheii@ars.usda.gov OI Allen, Margaret/0000-0002-4758-1290 NR 32 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 265 EP 271 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[265:ROCAIA]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100004 PM 18459387 ER PT J AU Lacey, LA Headrick, HL Arthurs, SP AF Lacey, Lawrence A. Headrick, Heather L. Arthurs, Steven P. TI Effect of temperature on long-term storage of codling moth granulovirus formulations SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cydia pomonella; temperature; granulovirus; storage; shelf life ID NORTHWEST APPLE ORCHARDS; GRANULOSIS-VIRUS; CYDIA-POMONELLA; LARVAE; OLETHREUTIDAE; PERSISTENCE; LEPIDOPTERA; PESTS; STABILITY; FRUIT AB Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is the major pest of apple (Malus spp.) in the western United States and many other regions of the world. The codling moth granulovirus (CpGV) provides a selective and safe means of its control. We assessed the long-term stability and storage potential of two commercial formulations of CpGV, Cyd-X, and Virosoft. All assays were performed with individual C. pomonella neonate larvae in 2-ml vials on 1 ml of artificial larval diet that was surface inoculated with 10 mu l of the test virus suspension. Baseline quantitative assays for the two formulations revealed that the LC(50) and LC(95) values (occlusion bodies per vial) did not differ significantly between the formulations. For year-long studies on Cyd-X stability, the product was stored at -20, 2 25, and 35 degrees C, and quantitative bioassays were conducted after 0, 3, 6, and 12 mo of storage. Cyd-X retained good larvicidal activity from -20 to 25 degrees C, and it was the least negatively affected at the lowest temperature. Storage of Cyd-X at 35 degrees C was detrimental to its larvicidal activity within 3 mo of storage. For longer term storage studies, Cyd-X and Virosoft formulations were stored at 2, 25, and 35 degrees C, and assayed for larvicidal activity over a 3-yr period. For recently produced product, a 10-mu l sample of a 10(-5) dilution of both formulations resulted in 95-100% mortality in neonate larvae. Larvicidal activity for the Cyd-X formulation remained essentially unaffected for 156 wk when stored at 2 and 25 degrees C, but it began to decline significantly after 20 wk of storage at 35 degrees C. The Virosoft formulation stored at 2 degrees C also remained active throughout the 3-yr study, but it began to decline in larvicidal activity after 144 wk at 25 degrees C and 40 wk at 35 degrees C. The information reported in this study should be useful to growers and commercial suppliers for avoiding decreases in CpGV potency due to improper storage conditions. C1 [Lacey, Lawrence A.; Headrick, Heather L.; Arthurs, Steven P.] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Lacey, LA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM larry.lacey@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 288 EP 294 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[288:EOTOLS]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100007 PM 18459390 ER PT J AU Neven, LG AF Neven, Lisa G. TI Development of a model system for rapid assessment of insect mortality in heated controlled atmosphere quarantine treatments SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE codling moth; oriental fruit moth; controlled atmospheres; heat; CATTS ID CODLING MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH; PLATYNOTA-STULTANA PUPAE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; METABOLIC-RESPONSE; COMBINATION HEAT; EFFICACY TESTS; SWEET CHERRIES; TORTRICIDAE; CONFIRMATION AB The development of postharvest quarantine treatments can be both expensive and time-consuming. It is necessary to determine the species and stage of the pest most tolerant to the treatment, if more than one species is the target of the treatment. Initial laboratory studies often include infesting the commodity with various egg and larval stages of the pest and performing treatments and evaluations of the fruit. In collaboration with others, I have previously developed combination high temperature under controlled atmosphere treatments against two quarantine pests in apples (Malus spp.) and peaches and nectarines (both Prunus spp.). I decided to develop an artificial system that can be used for these initial tests without the need for infesting large quantities of the fruit. I tested the system on the immature stages of the pests under regular air and controlled atmospheres by using the controlled atmosphere water bath system. This system can be used for rapid assessment of the most tolerant stage and species of a pest to a combination heat and controlled atmosphere treatment without the expense of infesting, treating, and evaluating the commodity. C1 ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA USA. RP Neven, LG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA USA. EM neven@yarl.ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 295 EP 301 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[295:DOAMSF]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100008 PM 18459391 ER PT J AU Sarvary, MA Bloem, KA Bloem, S Carpenter, JE Hight, SD Dorn, S AF Sarvary, Mark A. Bloem, Kenneth A. Bloem, Stephanie Carpenter, James E. Hight, Stephen D. Dorn, Silvia TI Diel flight pattern and flight performance of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae) measured on a flight mill: Influence of age, gender, mating status, and body size SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cactus moth; flight; dispersal; circadian rhythm; sterile insect technique ID CYDIA-POMONELLA; NORTH-AMERICA; LABORATORY EVALUATION; INHERITED STERILITY; GAMMA-RADIATION; CODLING MOTH; TORTRICIDAE; MOBILITY; FIELD; GELECHIIDAE AB Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is an invasive herbivore that poses a serious risk to Opuntia cacti in North America: Knowledge of the flight behavior of the cactus moth is crucial for a better understanding of natural dispersal, and for both monitoring and control. We used computer-linked flight mills to investigate diel flight activity and flight performance in relation to gender, age, mating status, and body size. Maximal flight activity for both mated and unmated moths occurred during twilight, whereas flight activity was low during photophase. The total distance flown and the number of initiated flights within a diel cycle were higher in both unmated and mated females than in males, but the longest single flight was similar in both genders. These findings suggest that pheromone trap captures of males likely indicate the simultaneous presence of females and that mated females might even be in areas where males are not detected yet. Flight performance heterogeneity was large, with a small portion of the population (both males and females) performing long unbroken flights, whereas the majority made short flights. Females had higher pupal and adult body size and shorter longevity than males. A few individuals, particularly young mated females, flying long distances may be important for active spread of a population and the colonization of new habitats. Implications of this study in the control of the cactus moth by using the sterile insect technique are discussed. C1 [Sarvary, Mark A.; Dorn, Silvia] ETH, Inst Plant Sci Appl Entomol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Bloem, Kenneth A.] Ctr Plant Hlth & Sci Technol, USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Bloem, Stephanie] Plant Epidemol & Risk Anal Lab, USDA, APHIS, PPQ,CPHST, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Carpenter, James E.] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Hight, Stephen D.] Florida A&M Univ, Ctr Biol Control, USDA, APHIS,CMAVE, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. RP Dorn, S (reprint author), ETH, Inst Plant Sci Appl Entomol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. EM silvia.dorn@ipw.agrl.etbz.ch NR 49 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 24 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 314 EP 324 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[314:DFPAFP]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100011 PM 18459394 ER PT J AU Armstrong, JS Greenberg, SM AF Armstrong, J. Scott Greenberg, Shoil M. TI Evaluation of extended-life pheromone formulations used with and without dichlorvos for boll weevil (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) trapping SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE boll weevil; dichlorvos; monitoring; grandlure; trapping ID RIO-GRANDE VALLEY; SEASONAL PATTERNS; KILL STRIPS; TRAPS; CAPTURES; INTERFERENCE; LINES; LURES AB Boll weevil traps baited with a ComboLure (25 of mg grandlure + 30 mg of eugenol + 90 of mg; dichlorvos [DDVP]), an extended-release lure (25 mg of grandlure + 30 mg of eugenol + 60 of mg DDVP kill-strip), and extended-release lure with no DDVP were evaluated for boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), captures in South Texas cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., fields during February-March 2005 and March-April 2006. The traps were serviced once a week for five consecutive weeks by using the same methodology as active boll weevil eradication programs. Mean captured boll weevils from extended-release lures with no DDVP were significantly higher in five of 10 trapping weeks compared with captures of the ComboLure and extended lure. Weekly mortality of boll weevils captured was similar for the ComboLure (72.6 +/- 4.7%) and extended lure + DDVP (73.5 +/- 4.0%), and both were significantly higher than the extended lure (32.8 +/- 5.0%) with no DDVP. The presence or absence of DDVP did not significantly affect the sex ratio of field-captured boll weevils. We found no functional reasoning for using DDVP in large scale trapping of boll weevils regardless of the formulation or presentation in the trap. We conducted two additional trapping evaluations after the 2005 and 2006 studies, but the numbers of boll weevils captured were too low for statistical comparisons, indicating that boll weevil eradication is reducing populations in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas. C1 [Armstrong, J. Scott; Greenberg, Shoil M.] ARS, Beneficial Insect Res Unit, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Armstrong, JS (reprint author), ARS, Beneficial Insect Res Unit, USDA, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM scott.armstrong@.ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 399 EP 403 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[399:EOEPFU]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100021 PM 18459404 ER PT J AU Costello, SL Negron, JF Jacobi, WR AF Costello, Sheryl L. Negron, Jose F. Jacobi, William R. TI Traps and attractants for wood-boring insects in ponderosa pine stands in the Black Hills, South Dakota SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Buprestidae; Cerambycidae; Monochamus clamator; semiochemicals; Siricidae ID TETROPIUM-FUSCUM F; BEETLES COLEOPTERA; BARK BEETLE; MONOCHAMUS-TITILLATOR; CERAMBYCIDAE COLEOPTERA; SCUTELLATUS COLEOPTERA; IPS COLEOPTERA; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; SCOLYTIDAE AB Recent large-scale wildfires have increased populations of wood-boring insects in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Because little is known about possible impacts of wood-boring insects in the Black Hills, land managers are interested in developing monitoring techniques such, as flight trapping with semiochemical baits. Two trap designs and four semiochemical attractants were tested in a recently burned ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws., forest in the Black Hills. Modified panel and funnel traps were tested in combination with the attractants, which included a woodborer standard (ethanol and a-pinene), standard plus 3-carene, standard plus ipsenol, and standard plus ipsdienol. We found that funnel traps were equally efficient or more efficient in capturing wood-boring insects than modified panel traps. Trap catches of cerambycids increased when we added the Ips spp. pheromone components (ipsenol or ipsdienol) or the host monoterpene (3-carene) to the woodborer standard. During the summers of 2003 and 2004, 18 cerambycid, 14 buprestid, and five siricid species were collected. One species of cerambycid, Monochamus clamator (LeConte), composed 49 and 40% of the 2003 and 2004 trap catches, respectively. Two other cerambycids, Acanthocinus obliquus (LeConte) and Acmaeops proteus (Kirby), also were frequently collected. Flight trap data indicated that some species were present throughout the summer, whereas others were caught only at the beginning or end of the summer. C1 [Costello, Sheryl L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Costello, Sheryl L.; Jacobi, William R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Costello, Sheryl L.; Negron, Jose F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. RP Costello, SL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, 740 Simms St, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM scostello@fs.fed.us NR 52 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 409 EP 420 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[409:TAAFWI]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100023 PM 18459406 ER PT J AU Wang, YH Gao, CF Zhu, YC Chen, J Li, WH Zhuang, YL Dai, DJ Zhou, WJ Ma, CY Shen, JL AF Wang, Yan Hua Gao, Cong Fen Zhu, Yu Cheng Chen, Jin Li, Wen Hong Zhuang, Yong Lin Dai, De Jiang Zhou, Wei Jun Ma, Chong Yong Shen, Jin Liang TI Imidacloprid susceptibility survey and selection risk assessment in field populations of Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera : Delphacidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nilaparvata lugens; imidacloprid; susceptibilities; resistance; risk assessment ID PLUTELLA-XYLOSTELLA LEPIDOPTERA; DIAMONDBACK MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; TOBACCO BUDWORM LEPIDOPTERA; BEMISIA-TABACI HOMOPTERA; BROWN-PLANTHOPPER; CROSS-RESISTANCE; INSECTICIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; STAL HOMOPTERA; RICE AB Imidacloprid has been used for many years to control planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (Homoptera: Delphacidae) in China. To provide resistance assessment for the national insecticide resistance management program, we collected a total of 42 samples of the planthoppers from 27 locations covering eight provinces to monitor their dose responses and susceptibility changes to imidacloprid over an 11-yr period (1996-2006). Results showed that most field populations maintained susceptibility from 1996 to 2003 except for a population from Guilin, Guangxi, in 1997, which showed a low level of resistance to imidacloprid. However, surveys conducted in 2005 indicated that 16 populations from six provinces quickly developed resistance with resistance ratios ranging from 79 to 811. The data collected in 2006 revealed that the resistance levels in 12 populations collected from seven different provinces decreased slightly (RR = 107-316), except the Tongzhou population (Jiangsu Province), which developed 625-fold resistance. Dominant and intensive use of imidacloprid in a wide range of rice, Oryza savita L., growing areas might be a driving force for the resistance development. Migration of the insect also significantly boosted the resistance levels due to extensive and intensive use of imidacloprid in emigrating areas and continuous postmigration sprays of the chemical. In addition, laboratory resistance selection using imidacloprid showed that resistance ratio increased to 14-fold after 27 generations, suggesting that quick resistance development might be associated with more frequent applications of the insecticide in recent years. C1 [Zhu, Yu Cheng] USDA ARS, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Wang, Yan Hua; Gao, Cong Fen; Chen, Jin; Li, Wen Hong; Zhuang, Yong Lin; Dai, De Jiang; Zhou, Wei Jun; Ma, Chong Yong; Shen, Jin Liang] Nanjing Agr Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Monitoring & Management Plant Dis & Insec, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, YC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM yc.zhu@ars.usda.gov; jlshen@njau.edu.cn NR 48 TC 21 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 6 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 515 EP 522 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[515:ISSASR]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100036 PM 18459419 ER PT J AU Weiland, AA Peairs, FB Ranpolph, TL Rudolph, JB Haley, SD Puterka, GJ AF Weiland, Aubrey A. Peairs, Frank B. Ranpolph, Terri L. Rudolph, Jeffrey B. Haley, Scott D. Puterka, Gary J. TI Biotypic diversity in Colorado Russian wheat aphid (Hemiptera : Aphididae) populations SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biotype; plant resistance; Diuraphis noxia; Triticum aestivum ID UNITED-STATES; HOMOPTERA; RESISTANCE; HOSTS AB The biotypic diversity of the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), was assessed in five isolates collected in Colorado. Three isolates, RWA 1, RWA 2, and an isolate from Montezuma County, CO, designated RWA 6, were originally collected from cultivated wheat, Triticum aestivum L., and obtained from established colonies at Colorado State University. The fourth isolate, designated RWA 7, was collected from Canada wildrye, Elymus canadensis L., in Baca County, CO. The. fifth isolate, designated RWA 8, was collected from crested wheatgrass, Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn., in Montezuma County, CO. The four isolates were characterized in a standard seedling assay, by using 24 plant differentials, 22 wheat lines and two barley, Hordeum vulgare L., lines. RWA 1 was the least virulent of the isolates, killing only the four susceptible entries. RWA 8 also killed only the four susceptible entries, but it expressed intermediate virulence on seven wheat lines. RWA 6, killing nine entries, and RWA 7, killing 11 entries, both expressed an intermediate level of virulence overall, but differed in their level of virulence to 'CO03797' (Dn1) 1 'Yumar' (Dn4), and 'CO960293-2'. RWA 2 was the most, Virulent isolate, killing 14 entries, including Dn4- and Dny-containing wheat. Four wheat lines, '94M370' (Dn7), 'STARS 02RWA2414-11', CO03797, and 'CI2401', were resistant to the five isolates. The results of this screening confirm the presence of five unique Russian wheat aphid biotypes in Colorado. C1 [Weiland, Aubrey A.; Peairs, Frank B.; Ranpolph, Terri L.; Rudolph, Jeffrey B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Haley, Scott D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Puterka, Gary J.] USDA, ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Weiland, AA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM yfandes99@yahoo.com RI Haley, Scott/C-1228-2013 NR 19 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 569 EP 574 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[569:BDICRW]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100043 PM 18459426 ER PT J AU Opit, GP Throne, JE AF Opit, G. P. Throne, J. E. TI Population growth and development of psocid Lepinotus reticulatus at constant temperatures and, relative humidities SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE psocids; marking; stored products; developmental rates; life history ID LIPOSCELIS-BOSTRYCHOPHILA PSOCOPTERA; STORED PRODUCTS; GRAIN PROTECTANTS; ENTOMOPHILA; DYNAMICS; REPRODUCTION; PHOSPHINE; PEST AB We investigated the effects of temperature and relative humidity on population growth and development of the psocid Lepinotus reticulatus Enderlein. Part of this study assessed the effects of marking psocids by using methylene blue, chalk powder, and fluorescent powder to differentiate nymphal stages during development. We found that marking psocids by using methylene blue increased mortality and took twice as long to accomplish compared with marking by using fluorescent powder. Using chalk powder shortened the duration of third and fourth nymphal instars. Marking psocids by using fluorescent powder had no effect on mortality or duration of nymphal instars. Therefore, we recommend using fluorescent powder for marking psocids. L. reticulatus did not survive at 32, 43, and 55% RH, whereas populations increased from 22.5 to 32.5 degrees C at 75% RH. The largest population growth was recorded at 30 and 32.5 degrees C, whereas only 9% of nymphs developed to adults and populations declined at 35 degrees C. We developed temperature-dependent developmental equations for eggs, individual nymphal, combined nymphal, and combined immature stages. These equations showed predicted Optimal temperatures for the development of eggs, combined nymphal, and combined immature stages to be 32.3, 34.5, and 34.4 degrees C, respectively; development at these temperatures was completed in 6.3, 16.7, and 23.3 d, respectively. Our study shows that psocids that consume their exuviae develop faster than those that do not, and this effect is more pronounced at lower temperatures. These data give us better understanding of L. reticulatus population dynamics, and they can be used to develop effective management strategies for this psocid. C1 [Opit, G. P.; Throne, J. E.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Opit, GP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM george.opit@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 605 EP 615 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[605:PGADOP]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100047 PM 18459430 ER PT J AU Opit, GP Throne, JE AF Opit, G. P. Throne, J. E. TI Effects of diet on population growth of psocids Lepinotus reticulatus and Liposcelis entomophila SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Psocoptera; sex ratio; artificial diets; stored products; booklice ID OFFSPRING SEX-RATIO; STORED PRODUCTS; BOSTRYCHOPHILA PSOCOPTERA; MATERNAL CONDITION; GRAIN PROTECTANTS; REPRODUCTION; TEPHRITIDAE; TEMPERATURE; PHOSPHINE; HUMIDITY AB We investigated the suitability of 11 diets as culture media for the psocids Lepinotus reticulatus Enderlein (Psocoptera: Trogiidae) and Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae). The culture media comprised six diets made of plain cereals, namely, wheat (Triticum, aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), milo Sorghum bicolor (L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), oats (Avena sativa L.), and rice (Oryza sativa L.), and five artificial diets. We found that, with the exception of corn, L. reticulatus population increase was greater on plain cereal diets than on artificial diets, and the greatest population growth was on oats. There was an inverse relationship between L. reticulatus population growth and diet compactness. L. entomophila populations grew fastest on wheat, barley, and a mixture of cracked wheat, rice krispies, and brewer's yeast (97:2:1, wt:wt). The proportion of females was greater in diets that were less suitable for L. entomophila population growth compared with that in the more suitable diets. Diet compactness bad a weak effect on L. entomophila population growth. This study also has established the relative level of suitability of damaged wheat, corn, milo, barley, oats, and rice to L. reticulatus and L. entomophila. C1 [Opit, G. P.; Throne, J. E.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Opit, GP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM george.opit@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 616 EP 622 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[616:EODOPG]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100048 PM 18459431 ER PT J AU Ni, XZ Gunawan, G Brown, SL Sumner, PE Ruberson, JR Buntin, GD Holbrook, CC Lee, RD Streett, DA Throne, JE Campbells, JF AF Ni, Xinzhi Gunawan, Gunawati Brown, Steve L. Sumner, Paul E. Ruberson, John R. Buntin, G. David Holbrook, C. Corley Lee, R. Dewey Streett, Douglas A. Throne, James E. Campbells, James F. TI Insect-attracting and antimicrobial properties of antifreeze for monitoring insect pests and natural enemies in stored corn SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE trapping; ethylene glycol; Plodia interpunctella; Sitophilus spp.; parasitoid ID FRUIT-FLIES DIPTERA; ALMOND MOTH; WATER; TRAP; TEPHRITIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA AB Insect infestations in stored grain cause extensive damage worldwide. Storage insect pests, including the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) (Lepidoptera:. Pyralidae); Sitophilus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae); and their natural enemies [e.g., Cephalonomia tarsalis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), and Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)] inhabit a temporary, but stable ecosystem with constant environmental conditions. The objective of the present experiment was to assess the efficacy of using ethylene glycol antifreeze in combination with. nutrient solutions to monitor storage insect pest and natural enemy populations in three bins of corn, Zea mays L. The treatments were deionized water, a diluted (1:5 antifreeze:water) antifreeze solution, 10% honey, 10% honey in the diluted antifreeze solution, 10% beer in the diluted antifreeze solution, 10% sucrose in the diluted antifreeze solution, and a commercial pheromone trap suspended in a 3.8-liter container filled with 300-ml of diluted antifreeze solution. The seven treatments captured storage insect pests and their natural enemies in the bins at 33-36 degrees C and 51-55% RH. The pheromone trap in the container with the diluted antifreeze captured significantly more P. interpunctella than the other treatments, but a lower percentage (7.6%) of these captures were females compared with the rest of the treatments (> 40% females). All trapping solutions also captured Sitophilus spp. and other beetle species, but the captures of the coleopteran pests were not significantly different among the seven treatments (P > 0.05). Two parasitoid wasps also were captured in the study. The number of A. calandrae was different among the seven treatments (P < 0.05), whereas the number of C. tarsalis was not different among the treatments (P > 0.05). Most A. calandrae adults were captured by the 10% honey in the diluted antifreeze, whereas the fewest were captured in the deionized water. Microbial growth was observed in the 10% honey solution, but no microbial growth occurred in the rest of the treatments, including 10% honey in the diluted antifreeze solution. The results of insect captures and microbial growth demonstrated that antifreeze could be used as a part of storage insect monitoring and/or control programs. C1 [Ni, Xinzhi; Holbrook, C. Corley] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Gunawan, Gunawati; Brown, Steve L.; Ruberson, John R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Sumner, Paul E.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Buntin, G. David] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Lee, R. Dewey] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Streett, Douglas A.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Throne, James E.; Campbells, James F.] USDA ARS, Biol Res Unit, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Ni, XZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM xinzhi.ni@ars.usda.gov RI Ni, Xinzhi/C-4409-2011; OI Ruberson, John/0000-0002-4475-8177 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 631 EP 636 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[631:IAAPOA]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AQ UT WOS:000258337100050 PM 18459433 ER PT J AU Horn, S Hanula, JL AF Horn, Scott Hanula, James L. TI Relationship of coarse woody debris to arthropod availability for red-cockaded woodpeckers and other bark-foraging birds on loblolly pine boles SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE arthropods; bark-foraging birds; bark-gleaning guild; corticulous arthropods; saproxylic ID CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; LONGLEAF PINE; SOUTH-CAROLINA; COASTAL-PLAIN; ARBOREAL ANT; FOREST; PREY; MANAGEMENT; DIET; REPRODUCTION AB This study determined if short-term removal of coarse woody debris would reduce prey available to red-cockaded woodpeckers (Picoides borealis Vieillot) and other bark-foraging birds at the Savannah River Site in Aiken and Barnwell counties, SC. All coarse woody debris was removed from four 9-ha plots of mature loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) in 1997 and again in 1998. We sampled arthropods in coarse woody debris removal and control stands using crawl traps that captured arthropods crawling up tree boles, burlap bands wrapped around trees, and cardboard panels placed on the ground. We captured 27 orders and 172 families of arthropods in crawl traps whereas 20 arthropod orders were observed under burlap bands and cardboard panels. The most abundant insects collected from crawl traps were aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) and ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The greatest biomass was in the wood cockroaches (Blattaria: Blattellidae), caterpillars (Lepidoptera) in the Family Noctuidae, and adult weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The most common group observed underneath cardboard panels was Isoptera (termites), and the most common taxon under burlap bands was wood cockroaches. Overall, arthropod abundance and biomass captured in crawl traps was similar in control and removal plots. In contrast, we observed more arthropods under burlap bands (mean +/- SE; 3,021.5 +/- 348.6, P = 0.03) and cardboard panels 3,537.25 +/- 432.4, P = 0.04) in plots with coarse woody debris compared with burlap bands (2325 +/- 171.3) and cardboard panels (2439.75 +/- 288.9) in plots where coarse woody debris was removed. Regression analyses showed that abundance beneath cardboard panels was positively correlated with abundance beneath burlap bands demonstrating the link between abundance on the ground with that on trees. Our results demonstrate that short-term removal of coarse woody debris from pine forests reduced overall arthropod availability to bark-foraging birds. C1 [Horn, Scott; Hanula, James L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Horn, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM shorn01@fs.fed.us NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 22 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 153 EP 168 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 304FQ UT WOS:000256095800001 ER PT J AU Yee, WL AF Yee, Wee L. TI Effects of several newer insecticides and kaolin on oviposition and adult mortality in western cherry fruit fly (Diptera : Tephritidae) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Rhagoletis indifferens; spinosad; neonicotinoids; barrier films; infestations ID RHAGOLETIS-INDIFFERENS; APPLE MAGGOT; SUPPRESSION; SURVIVAL; BEHAVIOR; FLIES AB Effects of newer insecticides and kaolin-based particle film (Surround (R) WP Crop Protectant) on oviposition and mortality in the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, were determined. In a no-choice experiment, azinphos-methyl sprayed on cherries reduced oviposition by 98.5% compared with the control, whereas spinosad bait, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam reduced it by 74.4% to 91.8% and indoxacarb reduced it by 61.7%. Despite reducing oviposition to similar levels, imidacloprid did not cause as much mortality as spinosad bait, spinosad, or thiamethoxam. Imidacloprid reduced oviposition more than indoxacarb, even though the two caused similar mortality. In a choice experiment, there were no differences in oviposition in untreated and insecticide-treated cherries, except fewer eggs were laid in spinosad-bait treated than untreated cherries. In a no-choice experiment using kaolin, flies laid up to 36 times more eggs in control than treated cherries. In a choice experiment, flies laid 10 times more eggs in untreated than kaolin-treated cherries. Results show oviposition by R. indifferens can be reduced to similar levels by materials with significantly different toxicities, and that none except spinosad bait is an oviposition deterrent. The high levels of oviposition reduction indicate these insecticides (except indoxacarb) can protect fruit from mature flies, but more work is needed to modify or improve them so that they can reduce oviposition as much as azinphosmethyl. In residential trees where none of these insecticides is desirable, kaolin may be useful in reducing oviposition and preventing buildup of R. indifferens populations. C1 USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM wee.yee@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 10 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 177 EP 190 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 304FQ UT WOS:000256095800003 ER PT J AU Tillman, G AF Tillman, Glynn TI Populations of stink bugs (Heteroptera : Pentatomidae) and their natural enemies in peanuts SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE seasonal abundance; peanuts; stink bugs; Nezara viridula; Euschistus servus; E. quadrator; Oebalus pugnax pugnax ID NEZARA-VIRIDULA; PARASITISM; STATES AB The objective of this on-farm study was to determine if peanuts harbor populations of stink bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) and their natural enemies in Georgia. Eight species of phytophagous stink bugs were found in peanuts over the 5-yr study. The predominant stink bug species were Nezara viridula (L.), Euschistus servus (Say), Euschistus quadrator (Rolston), and Oebalus pugnax pugnax (F). The remaining 4 species, Acrosternum hilare (Say), Euschistus tristigmus (Say), Euschistus ictericus (L.), and Thyanta custator accerra McAtee, were found in relatively low numbers. All developmental stages of N. viridula, E. servus, E. quadrator, A. hilare, and O. p. pugnax were collected at various times in the study indicating that these 5 species of stink bugs were developing on this crop. Seasonal abundance of N. viridula and E servus nymphs and adults provided further support that these 2 species of stink bugs developed on peanuts. At least 1 generation of N. viridula and E servus occurred in peanuts each year, and generally some of the adults that developed on peanuts oviposited on peanuts producing another generation of nymphs in this crop. Because only adults of T. c. accerra, E. tristigmus, and E ictericus were found in peanuts, these 3 stink bug species probably were not developing on this crop. Adult stink bugs were parasitized by the tachinid parasitoids Trichopoda pennipes (F) and Cylindromyia spp. Stink bug eggs were parasitized by the scelionids, Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston), Trissolcus thyantae Ashmead, Trissolcus brochymenae (Ashmead), Telenomus podisi Ashmead, and Gryon obesum Masner, and an unknown encyrtid species. Geocoris punctipes (Say), Geocoris uliginosus (Say), Orius insidiosus (Say), Podisus maculiventris (Say), and Oxyopes salticus Hentz preyed on stink bugs in peanuts. Peanuts harbor populations of stink bugs and their natural enemies, and thus the role peanuts play in landscape ecology of stink bugs needs to be ascertained to better understand how to manage stink bug populations in landscapes in which peanuts are associated with other crops. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Tillman, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Lab, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Glynn.Tillman@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 18 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 191 EP 207 PG 17 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 304FQ UT WOS:000256095800004 ER PT J AU Leskey, TC AF Leskey, Tracy C. TI Reproductive development of female plum curculio (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) in the mid-Atlantic: Presence of multivoltine populations SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE weevil; ovarian development; oogenesis; voltinism; monitoring ID CONOTRACHELUS-NENUPHAR COLEOPTERA; HOST PREFERENCE; APPLE; MANAGEMENT; MIGRATION; ORCHARDS; STRAINS AB The plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), is a key pest of pome and stone fruit throughout eastern and central North America. There are two strains of plum curculio, the univoltine 'northern' strain and the multivoltine 'southern' strain. Voltinism associated with populations located in the mid-Atlantic region has been unclear from historic records, with recent studies suggesting multivoltine populations. In studies conducted in West Virginia, female plum curculios obtained from emergence and screen traps and from samples of host tree canopies strongly indicate the presence of at least some multivoltine populations, based on an ovarian development bioassay. Two periods of active oogenesis were detected. The first occurred in early spring between late April and early May and represented overwintered females reaching sexual maturity. A second period of oogenesis was detected beginning in late June and continuing through early August. Based on degree day accumulations and known developmental rates of plum curculio, the mid-Atlantic is comprised, at least in part, of multivoltine populations. Fruit growers, therefore, must consider that plum curculio can pose a threat to tree fruit throughout the active growing season. C1 USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Leskey, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 208 EP 216 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 304FQ UT WOS:000256095800005 ER PT J AU Wagner, SA Mostrom, MS Hammer, CJ Thorson, JF Smith, DJ AF Wagner, Sarah A. Mostrom, Michelle S. Hammer, Carolyn J. Thorson, Jennifer F. Smith, David J. TI Adverse effects of zilpaterol administration in horses: Three cases SO JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TISSUE RESIDUES; AGONISTS AB Three healthy horses were fed the beta-adrenergic agonist feed additive zilpaterol at a dosage of 0.17 mg/kg body weight to study zilpaterol elimination kinetics. Soon after ingestion of zilpaterol, the horses developed skeletal muscle tremors and tachycardia. A 75 to 87.5% reduced dose of zilpaterol was fed to the horses 24 hours after the initial dose; administration was discontinued thereafter. The horses exhibited restlessness, muscle tremors, and profuse sweating 20 to 25 minutes after ingestion of zilpaterol. Tachycardia developed within 40 minutes and took up to 2 weeks to resolve. Muscle tremors lasted up to 1 week. The most pronounced derangements in serum biochemistry were increased activities of lactic dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and aspartate transferase, indicating muscle damage. The most severely affected horse also had transient azotemia, hematuria, and proteinuria, suggesting renal damage. All three horses recovered without treatment and were clinically normal 2 to 3 weeks after the initial dose of zilpaterol. Because of their anabolic properties, beta-adrenergic feed additives are considered a risk for abuse in performance horses, despite the absence of Food and Drug Administration approval for such use. Oral administration of zilpaterol to horses at the dosage indicated for use in cattle may result in prolonger adverse effects, including tachycardia, muscle tremors, and renal damage. C1 [Wagner, Sarah A.; Hammer, Carolyn J.; Thorson, Jennifer F.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Mostrom, Michelle S.] N Dakota State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Smith, David J.] USDA ARS, Anim Metab Agr Chem Res Unit, Fargo, ND USA. RP Wagner, SA (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, 101 Robinson Hall, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0737-0806 J9 J EQUINE VET SCI JI J. Equine Vet. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 28 IS 4 BP 238 EP 243 DI 10.1016/j.jevs.2008.02.006 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 293XO UT WOS:000255368900013 ER PT J AU Lulai, EC Suttle, JC Pederson, SM AF Lulai, Edward C. Suttle, Jeffrey C. Pederson, Shana M. TI Regulatory involvement of abscisic acid in potato tuber wound-healing SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE abscisic acid; poly(aliphatic); poly(phenolic); potato; Solanum tuberosum L.; suberin ID SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; INDUCED SUBERIZATION; SUBERIN; PERIDERM; METABOLISM; DORMANCY; INDUCTION; STORAGE; TISSUE; L. AB Rapid wound-healing is crucial in protecting potato tubers from infection and dehydration. Wound-induced suberization and the accumulation of hydrophobic barriers to reduce water vapour conductance/loss are principal protective wound-healing processes. However, little is known about the cognate mechanisms that effect or regulate these processes. The objective of this research was to determine the involvement of abscisic acid (ABA) in the regulation of wound-induced suberization and tuber water vapour loss (dehydration). Analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that ABA concentrations varied little throughout the tuber, but were slightly higher near the periderm and lowest in the pith. ABA concentrations increase then decrease during tuber storage. Tuber wounding induced changes in ABA content. ABA content in wound-healing tuber discs decreased after wounding, reached a minimum by 24 h, and then increased from the 3rd to the 7th day after wounding. Wound-induced ABA accumulations were reduced by fluridone (FLD); an inhibitor of de novo ABA biosynthesis. Wound-induced phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity was slightly reduced and the accumulation of suberin poly(phenolics) and poly(aliphatics) noticeably reduced in FLD-treated tissues. Addition of ABA to the FLD treatment restored phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity and suberization, unequivocally indicating that endogenous ABA is involved in the regulation of these wound-healing processes. Similar experiments showed that endogenous ABA is involved in the regulation of water vapour loss, a process linked to wax accumulation in wound-healing tubers. Rapid reduction of water vapour loss across the wound surface is essential in preventing desiccation and death of cells at the wound site; live cells are required for suberization. These results unequivocally show that endogenous ABA is involved in the regulation of wound-induced suberization and the processes that protect surface cells from water vapour loss and death by dehydration. C1 [Lulai, Edward C.; Suttle, Jeffrey C.; Pederson, Shana M.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Lulai, EC (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1307 18th St N, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM ed.lulai@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 31 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD APR PY 2008 VL 59 IS 6 BP 1175 EP 1186 DI 10.1093/jxb/ern019 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 293EV UT WOS:000255319000005 PM 18356146 ER PT J AU Bowen, BR Kreiser, BR Mickle, PF Schaefer, JF Adams, SB AF Bowen, B. R. Kreiser, B. R. Mickle, P. F. Schaefer, J. F. Adams, S. B. TI Phylogenetic relationships among North American Alosa species (Clupeidae) SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alosa; mtDNA; phylogeny; shad ID INFERENCE; ATLANTIC; HYBRIDIZATION; FALLAX; LIMITS; SHADS; MODEL AB A phylogeny of the six North American species in the genus Alosa, with representatives of three Eurasian species, was generated using mtDNA sequences. This was accomplished by obtaining sequences for three North American species and additional geographical sampling of the other three species. The subgenus Alosa, including the formerly recognized subgenus Caspialosa, formed a strongly supported monophyletic group. Alosa alabamae was part of a polytomy with Alosa sapidissima, which was interpreted to support the recognition of A. alabamae as an incipient, yet distinct, species. The subgenus Pomolobus was not recovered as a monophyletic group. Alosa chrysochloris was basal to all other Alosa, although this position was only weakly supported. Previous work had indicated that Alosa pseudoharengus and Alosa aestivalis are not reciprocally monophyletic, but additional sampling in this study did not detect any further cases of shared haplotypes between the two species. The phylogeny supports previous hypotheses that the evolution of North American Alosa species in the Gulf of Mexico (A. chrysochloris and A. alabamae) was the result of two independent events. First, the ancestor of A. chrysochloris was isolated in the Gulf of Mexico, likely by the close of the Suwannee Straits, and this was followed later by dispersal of the ancestor of A. alabamae around the Florida peninsula into the Gulf of Mexico sometime during or after the Pleistocene. (C) 2008 The Authors Journal compilation (C) 2008 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles. C1 [Bowen, B. R.; Kreiser, B. R.; Mickle, P. F.; Schaefer, J. F.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Adams, S. B.] USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Kreiser, BR (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, 118 Coll Dr 5018, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM brian.kreiser@usm.edu NR 38 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1112 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1188 EP 1201 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01785.x PG 14 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 280GY UT WOS:000254415100006 ER PT J AU Olivares-Fuster, O Klesius, PH Evans, J Arias, CR AF Olivares-Fuster, O. Klesius, P. H. Evans, J. Arias, C. R. TI Molecular typing of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from fish SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES LA English DT Article DE amplified fragment length polymorphism; fish streptococcosis; genotyping; internal spacer region by single-strand conformation polymorphism; Streptococcus agalactiae ID GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCUS; CULTURED FISH; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; DIVERSITY AB The genetic variability among Streptococcus agalactiae isolates recovered from fish was characterized using single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the intergenic spacer region (ISR), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting. A total of 46 S. agalactiae cultures isolated from different fish species and geographic origins as well as related reference strains were included in the study. ISR-SSCP divided the S. agalactiae isolates analysed into five distinct genotypes. Genotype 1 grouped all Kuwait isolates while genotype 4 clustered the majority of non-Kuwait isolates (USA, Brazil and Honduras). AFLP analysis offered a higher resolution level by dividing the isolates into 13 different genotypes. Two different AFLP profiles were identified within the Kuwait isolates. When data from both ISR-SSCP and AFLP were combined through a multidimensional analysis (MDS), a good correlation between geographical origin and genotypes was observed. Both AFLP and ISR-SSCP revealed genetic differences between S. agalactiae isolates from fish. While AFLP offered a higher resolution, ISR-SSCP also provided valid information being a simpler and faster method. C1 [Olivares-Fuster, O.; Arias, C. R.] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Klesius, P. H.; Evans, J.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL USA. RP Arias, CR (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM ariascr@auburn.edu NR 17 TC 17 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0140-7775 J9 J FISH DIS JI J. Fish Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 31 IS 4 BP 277 EP 283 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2007.00900.x PG 7 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 276FO UT WOS:000254126900005 PM 18353019 ER PT J AU Malik, NSA Bradford, JM AF Malik, Nasir S. A. Bradford, Joe M. TI Recovery and stability of oleuropein and other phenolic compounds during extraction and processing of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves SO JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Olea europaea; oleuropein; verbascoside; polyphenols; olive leaves ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ASSISTED EXTRACTION; OIL; CELL; BIOPHENOLS; PROFILE; HEALTH; FRUIT; RATS AB Polyphenols in olive leaves, especially oleuropein, are of great interest to researchers, household consumers and commercial entities due to many health benefits of these compounds. Various processing and extraction methods were investigated to evaluate stability and recovery of oleuropein and other polyphenols from olive leaves. Brief thawing of frozen leaf samples (5 minutes) caused a sharp reduction in extractable oleuropein levels (57.7%), and 53.5% loss in oleuropein occurred when frozen leaf powder was thawed for only 2 minutes. Simple drying of fresh leaves at room temperature (25 degrees C) fully preserved oleuropein and verbascoside levels while drying at an elevated temperature of 60 degrees C resulted in losses at various levels of all polyphenols studied. While extraction in 80% methanol is the most effective method for olive leaf polyphenols for laboratory use, boiling of dried leaves was also a very efficient method for extracting oleuropein and verbascoside that gave 96 and 94% recoveries of these compounds, respectively, when compared with the methanol extract. Oleuropein was quite stable in aqueous extracts for 7 days when stored at room temperatures but degraded after 17 days. Other polyphenols were less stable in aqueous extracts and started to show some degree of degradation after 7 days (little change occurred during the first 24 h storage at room temperature) and were completely degraded after 17 days. On the other hand, oleuropein and other polyphenols in methanol extract were quite stable for 30 days when stored at room temperature. The studies provide important information for efficient and effective processing and extraction of olive leaf polyphenols for research, home and commercial use. C1 [Malik, Nasir S. A.; Bradford, Joe M.] USDA ARS, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Malik, NSA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2413 E Hwy 83 Weslaco, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM nasir.malik@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 13 PU WFL PUBL PI HELSINKI PA MERI-RASTILANTIE 3 C, HELSINKI, FI-00980, FINLAND SN 1459-0255 J9 J FOOD AGRIC ENVIRON JI J. Food Agric. Environ. PD APR PY 2008 VL 6 IS 2 BP 8 EP 13 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 291FH UT WOS:000255178500001 ER PT J AU Heighton, L Schmidt, WF Rice, CP Siefert, RL AF Heighton, Lynne Schmidt, Walter F. Rice, Clifford P. Siefert, Ronald L. TI Electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy shows speciation of phytate to be pH dependent SO JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE phytic acid; ESI-MS; organic phosphorus; transport; phosphorus; myo-inositol hexkis phosphate ID PHOSPHORUS; SPECTROMETRY; SOILS; CELL AB Phosphorus (P) fate and transport is an emergent problem impacting environmental resources. Long time land application of P enriched manure has been implicated in the saturation of available P binding sites in many terrestrial, wetland and sediment systems. Transport of soluble or particle associated P by overland flow and possibly by subsurface leaching has increased eutrophication in waterways. Myo-inositol hexkis phosphate or more commonly phytic acid (PA) is an organic phosphate molecule with twelve acidic protons. The acid dissociation constants (pKa) are 1.9(3), 2.4(2), 3.2(1), 5.2(1), 6.3(1), 8.0(1), 9.2(1) and 9.5(2). The charged species fractions were calculated as a function of pH using the acid dissociation constants. Results predict three different charged species of phytic acid will simultaneously be present at most any environmentally relevant pH. Analysis of the electro-spray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) solution spectra of iron and copper complexes of PA at pH 2.8, 6 and 13 confirmed multiple charged species of PA occur simultaneously even in the presence of metal cations. Results showed minimal fragmentation of the parent phytate anions. Changes in the z of PA anions, not changes in the stability or fragmentation of the parent compound with pH, explain the observed fragmentation pattern. Assigning the correct z is a pre-requisite to identifying the (m/z) composition of PA fragments. C1 [Schmidt, Walter F.; Rice, Clifford P.] ARS, USDA, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, ANRI Barc W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Heighton, Lynne] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Siefert, Ronald L.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. RP Schmidt, WF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, ANRI Barc W, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM heighton@umd.edu; schmidtw@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU WFL PUBL PI HELSINKI PA MERI-RASTILANTIE 3 C, HELSINKI, FI-00980, FINLAND SN 1459-0255 J9 J FOOD AGRIC ENVIRON JI J. Food Agric. Environ. PD APR PY 2008 VL 6 IS 2 BP 402 EP 407 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 291FH UT WOS:000255178500075 ER PT J AU Sathivel, S Huang, JQ Bechtel, PJ AF Sathivel, Subramaniam Huang, Jiaqi Bechtel, Peter J. TI Properties of pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) skin hydrolysates and effects on lipid oxidation of skinless pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) fillets during 4 months of frozen storage SO JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HERRING CLUPEA-HARENGUS; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; EMULSIFYING PROPERTIES; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; PROTEIN POWDERS; WHEY PROTEINS; MOISTURE LOSS; PEPTIDES; SOLUBILITY; COATINGS AB Fresh pollock skin was hydrolyzed for 10 min (PPH10), 30 min (PPH30) and 45 min (PPH45), and the chemical and functional properties of pollock skin protein hydrolysates were evaluated. PPH45 (79.6%) had significantly higher nitrogen solubility values than PPH30 (72.6%) and PPH10 (64.8%). Emulsifying stability values for PPH10 and PPH30 were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than PPH45. Fat adsorption values for PPH45 (4.7 mL oil/g protein) were greater (P < 0.05) than PPH10 (3.6 mL oil/g protein) and PPH30 (3.7 mL oil/g protein). Salmon fillets stored frozen for 4 months including those glazed with pollock skin protein hydrolysate, water and glycerin solutions had increased yield and thaw yield values when compared to the nonglazed (NG) control fillets. Thiobarbituric acid (mg malondialdehyde/kg sample) values from fillets coated with a solution containing PPH10 (0.8) and stored frozen for 4 months were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than other glazed and NG fillets. C1 [Sathivel, Subramaniam] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Food Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Sathivel, Subramaniam; Huang, Jiaqi] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fishery Ind Technol Ctr, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. [Bechtel, Peter J.] USDA ARS, Seafood Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Bechtel, Peter J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Sathivel, S (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Food Sci, 111 Food Sci Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM sathivel@sfos.uaf.edu NR 37 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-8884 J9 J FOOD BIOCHEM JI J. Food Biochem. PD APR PY 2008 VL 32 IS 2 BP 247 EP 263 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2008.00172.x PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology GA 278SE UT WOS:000254305800008 ER PT J AU Leopoldo, OR Iturriaga, MH Tamplin, ML Fratamico, PM Call, JE Luchansky, JB Escartin, EF AF Leopoldo, Orozco R. Iturriaga, Montserrat H. Tamplin, Mark L. Fratamico, Pina M. Call, Jeffrey E. Luchansky, John B. Escartin, Eduardo F. TI Animal and environmental impact on the presence and distribution of Salmonella and Escherichia coli in hydroponic tomato greenhouses SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; RAW TOMATOES; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; WATER; PATHOGENS; LETTUCE; BAILDON; PLANTS AB From 2003 to 2004, we studied the impact of environmental influences on the microbiological quality of a hydroponic tomato farm. The presence of Salmonella was investigated on 906 samples of tomatoes and 714 environmental samples. The farm comprised 14 greenhouses and a technologically advanced packinghouse, and operated under a sanitary agricultural practices plan. The objective of the present study was to determine the operating sources of contamination. During the course of the study, two independent natural events affected the farm. In 2003, water runoff entered some of the greenhouses. A year later, wild animals (opossums, mice, and sparrows) gained entry into several of the greenhouses. Salmonella and Escherichia coli were found in samples of tomatoes, water puddles, soil, shoes, and the feces of local wild and farm animals. Salmonella Montevideo, Salmonella Newport, and strains of the F serogroup were isolated from tomatoes. Almost all of the Salmonella Newport strains were isolated from samples collected during or immediately after the flood. Analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that some Salmonella Montevideo isolates from tomatoes, opossums, and mice displayed identical XbaI or AvrII patterns, suggesting that these wild animals represented one source of contamination. F serogroup strains were found mostly on samples of goat feces and personnel shoes when standard working practices were in place. Shoes were found to be an important vehicle for dissemination of Salmonella into the greenhouses. The level of protection provided by hydroponic greenhouses does not exclude the eventuality that enteric pathogenic bacteria can gain access through various avenues. C1 [Leopoldo, Orozco R.; Iturriaga, Montserrat H.; Escartin, Eduardo F.] Univ Autonoma Queretaro, Fac Quim, Dept Invest & Posgrado Alimentos, Lab Inocuidad Micrrobiana Agua & Alimentos, Queretaro 76000, CP, Mexico. [Tamplin, Mark L.] Univ Tasmania, Australian Food Safety Ctr Excellence, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Fratamico, Pina M.; Call, Jeffrey E.; Luchansky, John B.] USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Escartin, EF (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Queretaro, Fac Quim, Dept Invest & Posgrado Alimentos, Lab Inocuidad Micrrobiana Agua & Alimentos, Queretaro 76000, CP, Mexico. EM efescart@uaq.mx NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 2008 VL 71 IS 4 BP 676 EP 683 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 283ZJ UT WOS:000254674700001 ER PT J AU Ukuku, DO Geveke, DJ Cooke, P Zhang, HQ AF Ukuku, Dike O. Geveke, David J. Cooke, Peter Zhang, Howard Q. TI Membrane damage and viability loss of Escherichia coli K-12 in apple juice treated with radio frequency electric field SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SURFACE-CHARGE; PRESSURE TREATMENT; HEAVY-METALS; FRUIT JUICES; BACTERIA; O157-H7; SALMONELLA; INACTIVATION; SURVIVAL AB The need for a nonthermal intervention technology that can achieve microbial safety without altering nutritional quality of liquid foods led to the development of a radio freqyency electric fields (RFEF) process. In order to understand the mechanism of inactivation of bacteria by RFEF, apple juice purchased from a wholesale distributor was inoculated with Escherichia coli K-12 at 7.8 log CFU/mI and then treated with RFEF The inoculated apple juice was passed through an RFEF chamber operated at 20 kHz, 15 kV/cm for 170 mu s at a flow rate of 540 ml/min. Treatment condition was periodically adjusted to achieve outlet temperatures of 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 degrees C. Samples at each outlet temperature were plated (0.1 ml) and the number of CFU per milliliter determined on nonselective and selective agar media was used to calculate the viability loss. Bacterial inactivation and viability loss occurred at all temperatures tested with 55 degrees C treatment, leading to 4-log reductions. No significant effect was observed on bacterial population in control samples treated at 55 degrees C with a low-RFEF (0.15 kV/cm) field strength. These observations suggest that the 4-log reduction in samples treated at 15 kV/cm was entirely due to nonthermal effect. RFEF treatment resulted in membrane damage of the bacteria, leading to the efflux of intracellular ATP and UV-absorbing materials. Populations of injured bacteria recovered immediately (<30 min) from the treated apple juice averaged 0.43 log and were below detection after I It of RFEF treatment and determination using selective plates (tryptic soy agar containing 5% sodium chloride). The results of this study suggest that mechanism of inactivation of RFEF is by disruption of the bacterial surface structure leading to the damage and leakage of intracellular biological active compounds. C1 [Ukuku, Dike O.; Geveke, David J.; Cooke, Peter; Zhang, Howard Q.] USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Ukuku, DO (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM dike.ukuku@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 2008 VL 71 IS 4 BP 684 EP 690 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 283ZJ UT WOS:000254674700002 PM 18468020 ER PT J AU McGowan-Spicer, LL Fedorka-Cray, PJ Frye, JG Meinersmann, RJ Barrett, JB Jackson, CR AF McGowan-Spicer, Lori L. Fedorka-Cray, Paula J. Frye, Jonathan G. Meinersmann, Richard J. Barrett, John B. Jackson, Charlene R. TI Antimicrobial resistance and virulence of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from retail food SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; AGGREGATION SUBSTANCE; DETERMINANTS; SYSTEM; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; BACTERIA; DESIGN AB Although enterococci are considered opportunistic nosocomial pathogens, their contribution to foodborne illnesses via dissemination through retail food remains undefined. In this study, prevalence and association of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors of 80 Enterococcus faecalis isolates from retail food items were investigated. The highest rates of resistance were observed for lincomycin (73 of 80 isolates, 91%) and bacitracin (57 of 80 isolates, 71%), and lower rates of resistance (<= 40%) were found for chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, flavomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nitrofurantoin, penicillin, and tylosin. Overall resistance to antimicrobials was low for most isolates tested. Of the virulence factors tested, the majority of isolates were positive for ccf (78 of 80 isolates, 98%), efaAfs (77 of 80, 96%), and cpd (74 of 80, 93%). Isolates also commonly contained cob (72 of 80 isolates, 90%) and gelE (68 of 80, 85%). Very few isolates contained cylMBA (12 of 80 isolates [15%] for cylM and 9 of 80 isolates [11%] for both cylB and cylA) and efaAfin (2 of 80 isolates, 3%). Positive statistical associations (significance level of 0.05) were found between agg and tetracycline resistance, cylM and erythromycin resistance, and gelE and efaAfs and lincomycin resistance. The presence of the cylB and cylA alleles also was positively correlated with bacitracin and tetracycline resistance. Negative correlations were observed between many of the virulence attributes and resistance to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, flavomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, and tylosin. These data suggest that both positive and negative associations exist between antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors in E. faecalis isolates from foods commonly purchased from grocery stores. C1 [McGowan-Spicer, Lori L.; Fedorka-Cray, Paula J.; Frye, Jonathan G.; Meinersmann, Richard J.; Barrett, John B.; Jackson, Charlene R.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [McGowan-Spicer, Lori L.] Univ Richmond, Gottwld Sci Ctr, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. RP Jackson, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM charlene.jackson@ars.usda.gov RI Frye, Jonathan/I-6382-2013 OI Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395 NR 40 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 2008 VL 71 IS 4 BP 760 EP 769 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 283ZJ UT WOS:000254674700012 PM 18468030 ER PT J AU Riley, DG Loneragan, GH Phillips, WA Gray, JT Fedorka-Cray, PJ AF Riley, D. G. Loneragan, G. H. Phillips, W. A. Gray, J. T. Fedorka-Cray, P. J. TI Fecal shedding of foodborne pathogens by Florida-born heifers and steers in US beef production segments SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; FEEDLOT CATTLE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; PREVALENCE; SALMONELLA; CAMPYLOBACTER; TRANSPORT; CALVES; DURATION; SAMPLES AB The objective in this study was to assess breed effects in fecal prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in heifers on a development program in Florida and in their steer half siblings in stocker and feedlot phases in Oklahoma. A secondary objective was to characterize fecal shedding of Campylobacter and Salmonella in subsets of the same samples. After weaning, heifers (n = 501; purebreds and F] crosses of Angus, Brahman, and Romosinuano) were preconditioned and placed in a local development program. Steers (n = 48 1) were transported to Oklahoma, where they grazed wheat for 6 months and then were placed in feedlot pens. Fecal samples were obtained at least every 28 days for 12 months on most animals. None of the 10,982 samples tested positive for E. coli O157:H7. Overall fecal prevalences of Campylobacter and Salmonella in heifers were 1.7 and 0.04%, respectively. Corresponding overall prevalences in steer samples were 27.2 and 0.6%. Campylobacter isolates were mostly C. jejuni and were tetracycline resistant. Eight Salmonella isolates were Salmonella Typhimurium that were either quad or penta resistant, most often to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, sulfamexathole, and tetracycline. Feedlot steers had greater odds of positive detection of Canipylobacter,(odds ratio, 8.5; confidence interval, 3.7, 19.5) than when grazing winter wheat. No breed effect was detected for fecal prevalence of these pathogens. C1 [Riley, D. G.] USDA, ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. [Loneragan, G. H.] W Texas A&M Univ, Div Agr, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. [Phillips, W. A.] USDA, ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Gray, J. T.; Fedorka-Cray, P. J.] USDA, ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Riley, DG (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, 22271 Chinsegut Hill Rd, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. EM David.Riley@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 2008 VL 71 IS 4 BP 807 EP 810 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 283ZJ UT WOS:000254674700019 PM 18468037 ER PT J AU Liu, SX Kim, JT Kim, S AF Liu, S. X. Kim, J. -T. Kim, S. TI Effect of polymer surface modification on polymer-protein interaction via hydrophilic polymer grafting SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE AFM; FTIR; membrane fouling; polymer grafting; protein adsorption; UV/ozone treatment ID POLYSULFONE ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANES; POLY(ETHER SULFONE); POLYETHERSULFONE; SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROGELS; PROPERTY; GLYCOL) AB Surface modification of flat sheet ultrafiltration, membranes, polyethersulfone (PES), was investigated to improve the hydrophilicity of the membrane surface thereby reducing adsorption of the proteins onto the membrane. Grafting of hydrophilic polymers onto UV/ozone-treated PES was used to improve the hydrophilicity of the commercial PES membranes. Hydrophilic polymers, that Is, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and chitosan, were employed to graft onto PES membrane surfaces because of their excellent hydrophilic property. The surfaces of modified PES membranes were characterized by contact angle measurement, FTIR, and AFM. The FTIR spectra indicated that PES membranes were successfully modified by grafting of the hydrophilic polymers. The modified PES membranes showed 20% to 50% reduction in contact angle measurements in comparison with those of the virgin PES membrane. The tapping mode AFM technique was employed to Investigate the changes of surface topography, cross-section, and root mean square toughness of the modified PES membrane surfaces. The modified PES membranes showed elevated roughness (ranging from 7.0 to 25.7 nm) compared with that of the virgin PES membrane (2.1 nm). It is concluded that grafting of PVA, PEG, or chitosan onto UV/ozone-treated PES membranes increases hydrophilicity and lowers protein adsorption by 20% to 60% compared to the virgin PES membrane, Among the 3 hydrophilic polymers studied, PEG showed the most favorable result In terms of contact angle and protein adsorption. C1 [Liu, S. X.; Kim, S.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kim, J. -T.] Cornell Univ, Dept Fiber Sci & Apparel Design, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Liu, SX (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM sean.liu@ars.usda.gov RI Luong-Van, Emma/A-8685-2012; May, Patrick/B-8615-2015 NR 20 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 27 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 73 IS 3 BP E143 EP E150 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00699.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 287KW UT WOS:000254917000027 PM 18387109 ER PT J AU Chua, D Goh, K Saftner, RA Bhagwat, AA AF Chua, D. Goh, K. Saftner, R. A. Bhagwat, A. A. TI Fresh-cut lettuce in modified atmosphere packages stored at improper temperatures supports enterohemorrhagic E-coli isolates to survive gastric acid challenge SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE food safety; shelf life; temperature abuse ID RESISTANCE SYSTEMS; SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI; ROMAINE LETTUCE; UNITED-STATES; APPLE CIDER; SHELF-LIFE; O157-H7; GLUTAMATE; QUALITY; RPOS AB Incidences of foodborne outbreaks involving enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains with mutations in a key regulatory gene, rpoS, have been reported. Incentives, if any, for losing this regulatory function are not clear since the RpoS regulator is required for the expression of several environmental stress tolerance genes. RpoS also positively regulates 2 of the 3 acid-resistance systems of E. coli under aerobic growth conditions and enables the pathogen to survive gastric acid challenge. We selected 7 enterohemorrhagic E. coli isolates, 6 of which are known to carry defective rpoS gene, and then analyzed resistance to synthetic gastric juice after the strains were inoculated on fresh-cut lettuce and stored under modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) conditions. Subatmospheric oxygen partial pressures in MAP enabled all 6 rpoS-defective isolates to induce acid resistance over the 8-d storage period if the temperature was >= 15 degrees C. No acid resistance was induced for MAP-stored lettuce left at temperatures <= 10 degrees C or for lettuce packed and stored under aerobic conditions. The data underscore the impending danger of abusive storage temperatures especially with regard to the application of MAP to extend the shelf life of fresh produce. The results also highlight the biological significance of having multiple acid-resistance pathways and the complex regulatory network of enterohemorrhagic E. coli strains. C1 [Chua, D.; Goh, K.; Saftner, R. A.; Bhagwat, A. A.] USDA, ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chua, D (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 002,Room 117,BARC-W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM arvind.bhagwat@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 73 IS 3 BP M148 EP M153 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00698.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 287KW UT WOS:000254917000036 PM 18387118 ER PT J AU Fan, X Annous, BA Beaulieu, JC Sites, JE AF Fan, X. Annous, B. A. Beaulieu, J. C. Sites, J. E. TI Effect of hot water surface pasteurization of whole fruit on shelf life and quality of fresh-cut cantaloupe SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cantaloupe; chlorine; hot water; microbial populations; quality ID SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ATMOSPHERE; IRRADIATION; SALMONELLA; SURVIVAL; MICROBIOLOGY; COMBINATION; RETENTION AB Cantaloupes are associated with recent outbreaks of foodborne illnesses and recalls. Therefore, new approaches are needed for sanitization of whole and cut fruit. In the present study, whole cantaloupes were submerged into water in the following 3 conditions: 10 degrees C water for 20 min (control), 20 ppm chlorine at 10 degrees C for 20 min, and 76 degrees C water for 3 min. Populations of microflora were measured on the rinds of the whole cantaloupes. Quality and microbial populations of fresh-cut cantaloupes prepared from whole fruit were analyzed after 1, 6, 8, 10, 13, 16, and 20 d of storage at 4 degrees C. The hot water significantly reduced both total plate count (TPC) and yeast and mold count on rind of whole fruits while chlorine or cold water wash did not result in significant reduction of microbial population. Fresh-cut pieces prepared from hot water-treated cantaloupes had lower TPC than the other 2 treatments in the later storage periods (days 13 to 20) in 2 of 3 trials. The hot water treatment of whole fruits was inconsistent in reducing yeast and mold count of fresh-cut pieces. Soluble solids content, ascorbic acid content, fluid loss, and aroma and appearance scores were not consistently affected by either hot water or chlorine treatment. Our results suggested that hot water or chlorine treatment. Our results suggested that hot water pasteurization of whole cantaloupes frequently resulted in lower TPCs of fresh-cut fruit during storage and did not negatively affect quality of fresh-cut cantaloupes. C1 [Fan, X.; Annous, B. A.; Sites, J. E.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Beaulieu, J. C.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Fan, X (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM xuetong.fan@ars.usda.gov OI Beaulieu, John/0000-0001-7767-5901 NR 35 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 9 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 73 IS 3 BP M91 EP M98 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00695.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 287KW UT WOS:000254917000028 PM 18387121 ER PT J AU Jin, T Zhang, H AF Jin, T. Zhang, H. TI Biodegradable polylactic acid polymer with nisin for use in antimicrobial food packaging SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE juice; liquid egg; nisin; packaging; pathogen; PLA ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; POLY(L-LACTIC ACID); ESCHERICHIA-COLI; QUALITY CHANGES; FILMS; INHIBITION; SALMONELLA; ALGINATE; PROTEIN AB Biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) polymer was evaluated for its application as a material for antimicrobial food packaging. PLA films were incorporated with nisin to for control of foodborne pathogens. Antimicrobial activity of PLA/nisin films against Listeria monocytogenes, Escheichia coliO157:H7, and Salmonella Enteritidis were evaluated in culture media and liquid foods (orange juice and liquid egg white). Scanned electron micrograph and confocal laser microscopy revealed that nisin particles were evenly distributed In PLA polymer matrix on the surface and inside of the PLA/nisin films. PLA/nisin significantly Inhibited growth of I. monorytogenes In culture medium and liquid egg white. The greatest Inhibition occurred at 24 h when the cell, counts of L monocytogenes in the PLA/nisin samples were 4.5 log CFU/mL less than the controls. PLA/nisin reduced the cell population of E. coli O157:H7 in orange juice from 7.5 to 3.5 log at 72 h whereas the control remained at about 6 log CFU/mL PLA/nisin treatment resulted in a 2 log reduction of S. Enteritidis in liquid egg white at 24 degrees C. After 21 d at 4 degrees C the S. Enteritidis population from PLA/nisin treated liquid egg white (3.5 log CFU/mL) was significantly less than the control (6.8 log CFU/mL). E. coli 0 1 57:H7 In orange juice was more sensitive to PLA/nisin treatments than to culture medium. The results of this research demonstrated the retention of nisin activity when Incorporated into the PLA polymer and Its antimicrobial effectiveness against foodborne pathogens. The combination of a blopolymer and natural bacteriocin has potential for use In antimicrobial food packaging. C1 [Jin, T.; Zhang, H.] USDA ARS, NAA ERRC, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Jin, T (reprint author), USDA ARS, NAA ERRC, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM tony.jin@ars.usda.gov OI Jin, Tony/0000-0003-0504-5817 NR 42 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 6 U2 65 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 73 IS 3 BP M127 EP M134 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008-00681.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 287KW UT WOS:000254917000033 PM 18387115 ER PT J AU Soni, KA Lu, L Jesudhasan, PR Hume, ME Pillai, SD AF Soni, K. A. Lu, L. Jesudhasan, P. R. Hume, M. E. Pillai, S. D. TI Influence of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) and beef sample extracts on E-coli O157 : H7 survival and gene expression of virulence genes yadK and hhA SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE AI-2 molecules; autoinducers; E. coli O157 : H7; inhibitory compounds ID QUORUM; BACTERIA; SALMONELLA; COMMUNICATION; TYPHIMURIUM; MEAT AB Bacterial cell-to-cell communication is mediated by autoinducer (AI) molecules such as AI-2 and has been reported to regulate gene expression in Escherichia coli O157 : H7. We have previously shown that ground beef contains compounds that can inhibit sensing of AI-2 like activity. The hypothesis of this study was that AI-2 activity observed In conditioned medium (CM) will enhance E. coli O157 : H7 survival and expression of virulence genes, whereas compounds inhibitory (such as those present in ground beef extracts) to AI-2 activity will negate these effects. E. coli O157 : H7 luxS mutant strain VS 94 (incapable of synthesizing AI-2) was employed in these studies. The survival of this enteric bacterial pathogen as a function of AI-2 activity and the presence of AI-2 Inhibitory compounds was studied at 4 degrees C. The number of survivors in the presence of AI-2 was significantly higher compared to the absence of AI-2, and the addition of ground beef extracts to conditioned medium negated the influence of AI-2 activity. Autoinducer AI-2 upregulated selected genes virulence genes (yadK, and hha), whereas the ground beef extract reversed the effect of AI-2 on the expression of the selected genes. C1 [Soni, K. A.; Jesudhasan, P. R.; Pillai, S. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci & Nutr & Food Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Lu, L.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Hume, M. E.] ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. RP Soni, KA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci & Nutr & Food Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM spillai@poultry.tamu.edu NR 24 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 73 IS 3 BP M135 EP M139 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00654.x PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 287KW UT WOS:000254917000034 PM 18387116 ER PT J AU Malmsheimer, RW Heffernan, P Brink, S Crandall, D Deneke, F Galik, C Gee, E Helms, JA McClure, N Mortimer, M Ruddell, S Smith, M Stewart, J AF Malmsheimer, Robert W. Heffernan, Patrick Brink, Steve Crandall, Douglas Deneke, Fred Galik, Christopher Gee, Edmund Helms, John A. McClure, Nathan Mortimer, Michael Ruddell, Steve Smith, Matthew Stewart, John TI Forest management solutions for mitigating climate change in the United States SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Malmsheimer, Robert W.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY USA. [Heffernan, Patrick] PAFTI Inc, Hungry Horse, MT USA. [Brink, Steve] Calif Forestry Assoc, Sacramento, CA USA. [Crandall, Douglas; Gee, Edmund] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Deneke, Fred] 25x25 Renewable Energy Alliance, Prescott, AZ USA. [Galik, Christopher] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Helms, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McClure, Nathan] Georgia Forestry Commiss, Forest Prod Utilizat Mkt & Dev Program, Macon, GA USA. [Mortimer, Michael] Soc Amer Foresters, Bethesda, MD USA. [Ruddell, Steve] World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Smith, Matthew] Forecon EcoMarket Solut LLC, Ecosyst Serv, Falconer, NY USA. [Stewart, John] Off Secretarys Off Wildland Fire Coordinat, Dept Interior, Washington, DC USA. RP Malmsheimer, RW (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY USA. OI Malmsheimer, Robert/0000-0001-9446-6589 NR 0 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 3 U2 19 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD APR-MAY PY 2008 VL 106 IS 3 BP 115 EP 117 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 335QC UT WOS:000258304100002 ER PT J AU Harrington, RD Baszler, TV O'Rourke, KI Schneider, DA Spraker, TR Liggitt, HD Knowles, DP AF Harrington, Robert D. Baszler, Timothy V. O'Rourke, Katherine I. Schneider, David A. Spraker, Terry R. Liggitt, H. Denny Knowles, Donald P. TI A species barrier limits transmission of chronic wasting disease to mink (Mustela vison) SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CERVUS-ELAPHUS-NELSONI; DEER ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; CAPTIVE MULE DEER; WHITE-TAILED DEER; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; PRION PROTEIN; ELK; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SCRAPIE AB Transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) occurs as sporadic outbreaks associated with ingestion of feed presumably contaminated with some type of prion disease. Mink lack a species barrier to primary oral challenge with bovine spongiform encephalopathy, whereas they have a barrier to such challenge with scrapie. We investigated whether mink have a species barrier to chronic wasting disease (CWD) by performing primary intracerebral (IC) and primary oral challenge with CWD-positive elk brain. Primary IC challenge resulted in clinical disease in two of eight mink at 31-33 months incubation. Affected mink had spongiform vacuolation and astrocytosis within the central nervous system and immunoreactivity to disease-associated prion protein (PrPd) in brain, retina and lymph node. CWD IC recipients had significantly lower brain vacuolation and PrPd deposition scores, significantly lower cerebrocortical astrocyte counts and significantly higher hippocampal astrocyte counts than TME IC recipients. Primary oral challenge with CWD-positive elk brain (n=22) or with CWD-negative elk brain given IC (n=7) or orally (n=23) did not result in clinical or microscopic abnormalities during 42 months observation. Novel prion gene polymorphisms were identified at codon 27 (arginine/tryptophan) and codon 232 (arginine/lysine). This study shows that, whilst CWD can cause disease when given IC to mink, the lesions are not characteristic of TME, transmission is inefficient compared with TIME and oral challenge does not result in disease. The demonstration of a species barrier in cervid-to-mustelid prion transmission indicates that mink are unlikely to be involved in natural CWD transmission. C1 [Harrington, Robert D.; Liggitt, H. Denny] Univ Washington, Dept Comparat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Harrington, Robert D.; Baszler, Timothy V.; O'Rourke, Katherine I.; Schneider, David A.; Knowles, Donald P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Harrington, Robert D.; O'Rourke, Katherine I.; Schneider, David A.; Knowles, Donald P.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Spraker, Terry R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Harrington, RD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Comparat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM rdhdvm@u.ashington.edu RI Schneider, David/A-2833-2010 OI Schneider, David/0000-0001-9659-6731 FU NIAID NIH HHS [K08 AI060680, K08AI06080, K08 AI060680-01, K08 AI060680-03, K08 AI060680-02] NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 89 BP 1086 EP 1096 DI 10.1099/vir.0.83422-0 PN 4 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 287BI UT WOS:000254890900030 PM 18343853 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML Liljeblad, J AF Buffington, Matthew L. Liljeblad, Johan TI The description of Euceroptrinae, a new subfamily of figitidae (Hymenoptera), including a revision of Euceroptres Ashmead, 1896 and the description of a new species SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GALL WASPS HYMENOPTERA; PHYLOGENY; CYNIPOIDEA; EVOLUTION; CYNIPIDAE; MORPHOLOGY; EXPANSION; 28S AB The figitid genus Euceroptres Ashmead has recently been determined to render the Thrasorinae, a subfamily where the genus is currently classified, paraphyletic. To maintain the monophyly of Thrasorinae, Euceroptres is here redescribed and placed in its own subfamily, Euceroptrmae. All known species are redescribed and a new species is described; a lectotype is designated for E. primus Ashmead, 1896. The phylogenetics of Euceroptrinae, Parnipinae, Plectocynipinae and Thrasorinae are discussed, and the hypothesis that ancestral lineages of figitids attacked gall-inducing Hymenoptera is supported. Agastoparasitism among these lineages appears to be plesiomorphic. Though branch support is relatively low for inferring the precise branching order of the gall-inducer parasite lineages, the classification of problematic species is much improved. C1 [Buffington, Matthew L.] USDA, USNM, Smithsonian Inst, Syst Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Liljeblad, Johan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), USDA, USNM, Smithsonian Inst, Syst Entomol Lab, 10th & Constitut Ave NW,POB 37012 MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov; cynips@gmail.com RI Liljeblad, Johan/H-4765-2011 OI Liljeblad, Johan/0000-0003-0442-8162 NR 25 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 17 IS 1 BP 44 EP 56 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 283KM UT WOS:000254635100002 ER PT J AU Chirumamilla, A Yocum, GD Boetel, MA Dregseth, RJ AF Chirumamilla, Anitha Yocum, George D. Boetel, Mark A. Dregseth, Robert J. TI Multi-year survival of sugarbeet root maggot (Tetanops myopaeformis) larvae in cold storage SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diapause; post-diapause quiescence; respirometry; sugarbeet root maggot; fat body protein 2; long-term storage survival ID LEPTINOTARSA-DECEMLINEATA COLEOPTERA; PUPAL DIAPAUSE; FLESH FLY; SARCOPHAGA-CRASSIPALPIS; MEGACHILE-ROTUNDATA; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; UP-REGULATION; YUCCA MOTH; OTITIDAE; DIPTERA AB To test the hypothesis that long-term survival of sugarbeet root maggot in storage is facilitated by larvae undergoing prolonged diapause, respiration and gene expression patterns of field-collected diapausing larvae were compared with those of 1-, 2-, and 5-year laboratory-stored larvae. Additional assessments were made on post-storage survival, emergence, and reproductive fitness of stored larvae. Respirometry, carried out at 5 and 20 degrees C revealed no differences among respiration rates of initially diapausing and long-term stored larvae. A 15 degrees increase in temperature elevated respiration in both diapausing and stored larvae, with levels of CO(2) release ranging between 8- and 14-fold higher at 20 degrees C than at 5 degrees C. Similarly, 6-10-fold increases in O(2) consumption levels were observed at the higher temperature. A transcript with sequence similarity to the fat body protein 2 (Fbp2) gene was highly expressed in diapausing larvae, and trace levels were expressed in some samples of 1-year stored larvae. However, no expression was detected in 2- and 5-year stored larvae. Survival and emergence studies of stored larvae revealed mixed populations of diapausing (i.e., the 5-17% of larvae that did not pupate) and post-diapausing (62-84% of larvae pupated) insects, with a high incidence of pupation (62%) and emergence (47%), even after 4 years in cold storage. Therefore, extended survival of Tetanops myopaeformis larvae in long-term cold storage is facilitated by two mechanisms, with a majority of larvae in post-diapause quiescence and a smaller fraction in a state of prolonged diapause. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chirumamilla, Anitha; Boetel, Mark A.; Dregseth, Robert J.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Yocum, George D.] USDA ARS, RRVARC, Insect Genet & Biochem Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Chirumamilla, A (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM anitha.chirumamilla@ndsu.edu NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 54 IS 4 BP 691 EP 699 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.01.008 PG 9 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 300FJ UT WOS:000255809400006 PM 18346755 ER PT J AU Allen, ML Mertens, JA AF Allen, Margaret L. Mertens, Jeffrey A. TI Molecular cloning and expression of three polygalacturonase cDNAs from the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pectin degrading enzyme; extraoral digestion; plant-insect interaction; saliva; semiquantitative PCR ID SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; ENDOPOLYGALACTURONASE II; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; DEGRADING ENZYMES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEINS; HESPERUS; MIRIDAE; IDENTIFICATION AB Three unique cDNAs encoding putative polygalacturonase enzymes were isolated from the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera: Miridae). The three nucleotide sequences were dissimilar to one another, but the deduced amino acid sequences were similar to each other and to other polygalacturonases from insects, fungi, plants, and bacteria. Four conserved segments characteristic of polygalacturonases were present, but with some notable semiconservative substitutions. Two of four expected disulfide bridge-forming cysteine pairs were present. All three inferred protein translations included predicted signal sequences of 17 to 20 amino acids. Amplification of genomic DNA identified an intron in one of the genes, Llpg1, in the 5' untranslated region. Semiquantitative RT-PCR revealed expression in all stages of the insect except the eggs. Expression in adults, male and female, was highly variable, indicating a family of highly inducible and diverse enzymes adapted to the generalist polyphagous nature of this important pest. C1 [Allen, Margaret L.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Mertens, Jeffrey A.] USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Allen, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Meg.Allen@ars.usda.gov; Jeffrey.Mertens@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD APR 1 PY 2008 VL 8 AR 27 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 283EW UT WOS:000254620500001 ER PT J AU Facka, AN Ford, PL Roemer, GW AF Facka, Aaron N. Ford, Paulette L. Roemer, Gary W. TI A novel approach for assessing density and range-wide abundance of prairie dogs SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE Cynomys; density; Endangered Species Act; keystone species; mark-resight; prairie dog ID OVERESTIMATION BIAS; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; GROUND-SQUIRRELS; COLORADO; ECOLOGY; LANDSCAPE; SURVIVAL; MAMMALS; MARK; LUDOVICIANUS AB Habitat loss, introduced disease, and government-sponsored eradication programs have caused population declines in all 5 species of prairie dogs. Black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) currently occupy only about 2% of an extensive geographic range (160 million hectares) and were recently considered for listing under the United States Endangered Species Act. Accurate estimates of density for populations of prairie dogs would be valuable for estimating range-wide abundance and for determining threats to species persistence, yet estimates of density using robust approaches (e.g., complete enumeration or mark-recapture) are rarely undertaken. We introduce a novel approach to estimating density of prairie dogs using mark-resight methods. Using mark-resight, mark-recapture, and 3 other indices, we estimated the abundance of prairie dogs on 3 reintroduced colonies over a 3-year period (2003-2005). We show that mark-resight is a superior approach to estimating abundance of prairie dogs, that average density estimates from the southern extremity of the species' range are considerably lower (11.3 prairie dogs/ha) than estimates from more northerly climes ((X) over bar = 18.3-90.3 prairie dogs/ha), and that population densities can fluctuate widely in accordance with local environmental conditions. We propose that resource agencies use mark-resight methods to obtain density estimates of prairie dog populations within diverse ecoregions, and couple these estimates with an assessment of the area occupied by prairie dog colonies to determine range-wide abundance. C1 [Facka, Aaron N.; Roemer, Gary W.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fishery & Wildlife Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Ford, Paulette L.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Roemer, GW (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fishery & Wildlife Sci, POB 30003,MSC 4901, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM groemer@nmsu.edu NR 73 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 21 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD APR PY 2008 VL 89 IS 2 BP 356 EP 364 DI 10.1644/06-MAMM-A-450R.1 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 293AC UT WOS:000255306200009 ER PT J AU Breck, SW Wllliams, CL Beckmann, JP Matthews, SA Lackey, CW Beecham, JJ AF Breck, S. W. Wllliams, C. L. Beckmann, J. P. Matthews, S. A. Lackey, C. W. Beecham, J. J. TI Using genetic relatedness to investigate the development of conflict behavior in black bears SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE asocial learning; black bear; food conditioning; F-ST; Lake Tahoe Basin; microsatellite; relatedness; social learning; Ursus americanus; Yosemite National Park ID ANIMALS; POPULATIONS; MECHANISMS; MARKERS; MODELS AB The acquisition of behavior in animals is a function of both inheritance and learning, where learning can occur asocially (independent of other animals), socially (by observing other animals), or both. For species that have a prolonged parent-offspring relationship and that live solitary adult lives, social learning between parents and offspring may be a dominant form of learning. If parent-offspring learning is a dominant avenue for acquiring behavior or if behavior is inherited, then behaviors that confer significant fitness advantages should lead to subpopulations of genetically related individuals with similar behavioral patterns. We investigated whether foodconditioning behavior in black bears (Ursus americanus) is inherited or learned via parent-offspring social learning. We combined genetic data with behavioral data for 116 black bears from Lake Tahoe Basin, Nevada, and Yosemite National Park, California. We categorized individual bears as food-conditioned or non-food-conditioned based on their behavior over a several-year period of intensive study at each site. We compared levels of relatedness, based on microsatellite DNA genotyping, within and between these groups and compared behavior between 9 mother-offspring pairs determined through genetic analysis of maternity. Based on 4 separate analyses of the data there was little evidence that food-conditioning behavior in black bears partitioned along related lineages, indicating that the acquisition of food conditioning behavior was not solely a function of social learning or inheritance. C1 [Breck, S. W.; Wllliams, C. L.] USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Beckmann, J. P.; Matthews, S. A.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, N Amer Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Lackey, C. W.] Nevada Dept Wildlife, Carson Valley Field Off, Minden, NV 89423 USA. [Beecham, J. J.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Boise, ID 83703 USA. RP Breck, SW (reprint author), USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM stewart.w.breck@aphis.usda.gov NR 41 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD APR PY 2008 VL 89 IS 2 BP 428 EP 434 DI 10.1644/07-MAMM-A-028R2.1 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 293AC UT WOS:000255306200017 ER PT J AU Jakes, JE Frihart, CR Beecher, JF Moon, RJ Stone, DS AF Jakes, J. E. Frihart, C. R. Beecher, J. F. Moon, R. J. Stone, D. S. TI Experimental method to account for structural compliance in nanoindentation measurements SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WOOD CELL-WALLS; ELASTIC QUARTER SPACE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NANO-INDENTATION; SPRUCE WOOD; LONGITUDINAL HARDNESS; LAYERED SPECIMEN; YOUNGS MODULUS; PART I; INTERPHASE AB The standard Oliver-Pharr nanoindentation analysis tacitly assumes that the specimen is structurally rigid and that it is both semi-infinite and homogeneous. Many specimens violate these assumptions. We show that when the specimen flexes or possesses heterogeneities, such as free edges or interfaces between regions of different properties, artifacts arise in the standard analysis that affect the measurement of hardness and modulus. The origin of these artifacts is a structural compliance (C-s), which adds to the machine compliance (C-m), but unlike the latter, C-s can vary as a function of position within the specimen. We have developed an experimental approach to isolate and remove C-s. The utility of the method is demonstrated using specimens including (i) a silicon beam, which flexes because it is supported only at the ends, (ii) sites near the free edge of a fused silica calibration standard, (iii) the tracheid walls in unembedded loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), and (iv) the polypropylene matrix in a polypropylene-wood composite. C1 [Jakes, J. E.; Stone, D. S.] Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jakes, J. E.; Frihart, C. R.; Beecher, J. F.; Moon, R. J.; Stone, D. S.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Jakes, JE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jjakes@fs.fed.us RI Stone, Donald/A-7496-2016 NR 43 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 22 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1113 EP 1127 DI 10.1557/JMR.2008.0131 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 284DB UT WOS:000254684500033 ER PT J AU Chen, J Livingston, S Groves, R Civerolo, EL AF Chen, Jianchi Livingston, Sam Groves, Russell Civerolo, Edwin L. TI High throughput PCR detection of Xylella fastidiosa directly from almond tissues SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE almond leaf scorch; freeze-drying; high throughput detection; pathogen detection; PFT-PCR; Xylella fastidiosa ID LEAF SCORCH DISEASE; PIERCES-DISEASE; CAUSAL AGENT; STRAINS AB Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of almond leaf scorch disease (ALSD), is currently re-emerging as a serious concern in California. Efficient pathogen detection is critical for ALSD epidemiological studies, particularly when a large sample size is involved. We here report a PCR procedure to detect X. fastidiosa directly from infected almond tissue without the laborious DNA extraction. Plant samples were prepared by freeze-drying and pulverized. Appropriate dilutions of the pulverized freeze-dried tissue (PFT) were determined to minimize the effect of enzyme inhibitors from plant tissue and retain PCR detection of X. fastdiosa cells at a single digit number level. This PFT-PCR procedure was evaluated by comparing to the in vitro cultivation method using 102 symptomatic samples and resulted in a predictive value of 90.8%. PFT-PCR was further applied to monitor the seasonal occurrence of X. fastidiosa from four selected almond trees in two orchards in 2005. The results matched with those of the cultivation method at 92.3%. Considering the simplicity and reliability, we conclude that PFT-PCR is a valuable option for high throughput rapid detection of X. fastidiosa. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Chen, Jianchi; Groves, Russell; Civerolo, Edwin L.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Livingston, Sam] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM jichen@fresno.ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD APR PY 2008 VL 73 IS 1 BP 57 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2008.01.011 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 292XY UT WOS:000255300600008 PM 18295913 ER PT J AU Bowker, BC Fahrenholz, TM Paroczay, EW Solomon, MB AF Bowker, B. C. Fahrenholz, T. M. Paroczay, E. W. Solomon, M. B. TI Effect of hydrodynamic pressure processing and aging on sarcoplasmic proteins of beef strip loins SO JOURNAL OF MUSCLE FOODS LA English DT Article ID BOVINE LONGISSIMUS MUSCLE; ULTRASTRUCTURAL-CHANGES; TENDERNESS; DEGRADATION; MYOFIBRILLAR AB This study evaluated the effects of hydrodynamic pressure processing (HDP) and aging on the sarcoplasmic proteins of beef strip loins. Loins (n = 12) were halved at 48 h postmortem and assigned to HDP or control treatments. Following treatment, each half was divided into three portions for aging (0, 5 or 8 d). Samples were removed for Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) determination and sarcoplasmic protein isolation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis demonstrated that aging significantly influenced the composition of the sarcoplasmic protein fraction and that HDP influenced protein bands corresponding to 143, 65, 44, 36 and 19 kDa. Changes in sarcoplasmic protein composition were significantly correlated to WBSF (r = -0.58 to 0.45). Sarcoplasmic protein solubility decreased with both HDP (P < 0.05) and aging (P < 0.0001). Changes in solubility were significantly correlated to SDS-PAGE band intensities (r = -0.53 to 0.60). Data suggest that HDP and aging cause changes to sarcoplasmic proteins that may be indicators of proteolysis and tenderization. C1 [Bowker, B. C.; Fahrenholz, T. M.; Paroczay, E. W.; Solomon, M. B.] USDA, ARS, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bowker, BC (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM brianbowker@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1046-0756 J9 J MUSCLE FOODS JI J. Muscle Foods PD APR PY 2008 VL 19 IS 2 BP 175 EP 193 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4573.2007.00104.x PG 19 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 283CO UT WOS:000254614400005 ER PT J AU Quezada-Calvillo, R Sim, L Ao, ZH Hamaker, BR Quaroni, A Brayer, GD Sterchi, EE Robayo-Torres, CC Rose, DR Nichols, BL AF Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto Sim, Lyann Ao, Zihua Hamaker, Bruce R. Quaroni, Andrea Brayer, Gary D. Sterchi, Erwin E. Robayo-Torres, Claudia C. Rose, David R. Nichols, Buford L. TI Luminal starch substrate "Brake" on maltase-glucoamylase activity is located within the glucoamylase subunit SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE; HEREDITARY DISACCHARIDE INTOLERANCE; HUMAN INTESTINAL DISACCHARIDASES; SUCRASE-ISOMALTASE; MALTOOLIGOSACCHARIDE-HYDROLYSIS; AVAILABLE GLUCOSE; SUBSITE BINDING; GLYCEMIC INDEX; IN-VITRO; SPECIFICITY AB The detailed mechanistic aspects for the final starch digestion process leading to effective alpha-glucogenesis by the 2 mucosal alpha-glucosidases, human sucrase-isomaltase complex (SI) and human maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM), are poorly understood. This is due to the structural complexity and vast variety of starches and their intermediate digestion products, the poorly understood enzyme-substrate interactions occurring during the digestive process, and the limited knowledge of the structure-function properties of SI and MGAM. Here we analyzed the basic catalytic properties of the N-terminal subunit of MGAM (ntMGAM) on the hydrolysis of glucan substrates and compared it with those of human native MGAM isolated by immunochemical methods. In relation to native MGAM, ntMGAM displayed slower activity against maltose to maltopentose (G5) series glucose oligomers, as well as maltodextrins and a-limit dextrins, and failed to show the strong substrate inhibitory "brake" effect caused by maltotriose, maltotetrose, and G5 on the native enzyme. In addition, the inhibitory constant for acarbose was 2 orders of magnitude higher for ntMGAM than for native MGAM, suggesting lower affinity and/or fewer binding configurations of the active site in the recombinant enzyme. The results strongly suggested that the C-terminal subunit of MGAM has a greater catalytic efficiency due to a higher affinity for glucan substrates and larger number of binding configurations to its active site. Our results show for the first time, to our knowledge, that the C-terminal subunit of MGAM is responsible for the MGAM peptide's "glucoamylase" activity and is the location of the substrate inhibitory brake. In contrast, the membrane-bound ntMGAM subunit contains the poorly inhibitable "maltase" activity of the internally duplicated enzyme. C1 [Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto; Robayo-Torres, Claudia C.; Nichols, Buford L.] USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto; Robayo-Torres, Claudia C.; Nichols, Buford L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, CIEP Fac Ciencias Quim, San Luis Potosi 78360, Mexico. [Sim, Lyann; Rose, David R.] Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada. [Sim, Lyann; Rose, David R.] Ontario Canc Inst, Div Canc Genom & Proteom, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada. [Ao, Zihua; Hamaker, Bruce R.] Purdue Univ, Whistler Ctr Carbohydrate Res, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ao, Zihua; Hamaker, Bruce R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Quaroni, Andrea] Cornell Univ, Div Biol Sci, Physiol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Brayer, Gary D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. [Sterchi, Erwin E.] Univ Bern, Inst Biochem & Mol Med, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. RP Nichols, BL (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM bnichols@bcm.tmc.edu NR 32 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 2008 VL 138 IS 4 BP 685 EP 692 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 276KC UT WOS:000254138700006 PM 18356321 ER PT J AU Jain, D Ebine, N Jia, XM Kassis, A Marinangeli, C Fortin, M Beech, R Hicks, KB Moreau, RA Kubow, S Jones, PJH AF Jain, Deepak Ebine, Naoyuki Jia, Xiaoming Kassis, Amira Marinangeli, Christopher Fortin, Marc Beech, Robin Hicks, Kevin B. Moreau, Robert A. Kubow, Stan Jones, Peter J. H. TI Corn fiber oil and sitostanol decrease cholesterol absorption independently of intestinal sterol transporters in hamsters SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE corn fiber oil; sitostanol; ferulate phytostanyl esters; total cholesterol; non-HDL cholesterol; gene expression; hamster ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLASMA-LIPID LEVELS; PLANT STEROLS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; DIETARY-CHOLESTEROL; VEGETABLE PROTEINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; BETA-SITOSTANOL; VISCOUS FIBERS; CELL FRAGILITY AB Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the cholesterol-lowering mechanisms of corn fiber oil (CFO), ferulate phytostanyl esters (FPEs) and parent compounds of FPE, including sitostanol and ferulic acid, in hamsters. Method: Seventy male Golden Syrian hamsters were randomly assigned to six experimental diets for 4 weeks: (1) cornstarch-casein-sucrose-based control diet (control); and (2) control diet plus 0.1% (wt/wt) cholesterol (cholesterol-control). The remaining four groups were given cholesterol-control diet with: (3) 10% (wt/wt) CFO; (4) 0.5% (wt/wt) sitostanol; (5) 0.23% (wt/wt) ferulic acid; and (6) 0.73% (wt/wt) FPE. At the end of dietary intervention, total plasma cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were determined. Parameters of cholesterol kinetics, including cholesterol absorption and synthesis, as well as mRNA expression of sterol transporters such as Niemann-Pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1), ATP-binding cassette G5 (ABCG5) and ABCG8, were assessed. Results: Supplementation with CFO decreased (P<0001) plasma total cholesterol levels by 29% as compared with the cholesterol-control group, while FPE and sitostanol reduced (P<02) cholesterolemia by 15% and 14%, respectively. CFO and sitostanol decreased (P<05) cholesterol absorption by 24% compared to the cholesterol-control group. Dietary intervention did not alter the intestinal gene expression of ABCG5, ABCG8 and NPC1L1. Conclusion: The present results show that the CFO-induced and sitostanol-induced decrease in cholesterol absorption is independent of intestinal enterocyte sterol transporters such as ABCG5, ABCG8 and NPC1L1 in hamsters. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jain, Deepak; Ebine, Naoyuki; Jia, Xiaoming; Kassis, Amira; Marinangeli, Christopher; Kubow, Stan; Jones, Peter J. H.] McGill Univ, Sch Dietet & Human Nutr, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. [Fortin, Marc] McGill Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. [Beech, Robin] McGill Univ, Inst Parasitol, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. [Hicks, Kevin B.; Moreau, Robert A.] USDA ARS, ERRC, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Jones, PJH (reprint author), McGill Univ, Sch Dietet & Human Nutr, Macdonald Campus, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. EM peter.jones@mcgill.ca OI Jones, Peter/0000-0001-5887-2846; Kubow, Stan/0000-0001-5831-9880; Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD APR PY 2008 VL 19 IS 4 BP 229 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.02.012 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 274JF UT WOS:000253996900003 PM 17601722 ER PT J AU Berezin, VE Bogoyavienskiy, AP Tolmacheva, VP Makhmudova, NR Khudyakova, SS Levandovskaya, SV Omirtaeva, ES Zaitceva, IA Tustikbaeva, GB Ermakova, OS Aleksyuk, PG Barfield, RC Danforth, HD Fetterer, RH AF Berezin, V. E. Bogoyavienskiy, A. P. Tolmacheva, V. P. Makhmudova, N. R. Khudyakova, S. S. Levandovskaya, S. V. Omirtaeva, E. S. Zaitceva, I. A. Tustikbaeva, G. B. Ermakova, O. S. Aleksyuk, P. G. Barfield, R. C. Danforth, H. D. Fetterer, R. H. TI Immunostimulating complexes incorporating Eimeria tenella antigens and plant saponins as effective delivery system for coccidia vaccine immunization SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTECTION; RESISTANCE; PARASITES; BROILER AB Immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs) are unique, multimolecular structures formed by encapsulating antigens, lipids, and triterpene saponins of plant origin, and are an effective delivery system for various kinds of antigens. The uses of ISCOMs formulated with saponins from plants collected in Kazakhstan, with antigens from the poultry coccidian parasite Eimeria tenella, were evaluated for their potential use in developing a vaccine for control of avian coccidiosis. Saponins isolated from the plants Aesculus hippocastanum and Glycyrrhiza glabra were partially purified by HPLC. The saponin fractions obtained from HPLC were evaluated for toxicity in chickens and chicken embryos. The HPLC saponin fractions with the least toxicity, compared to a commercial saponin Quil A, were used to assemble ISCOMs. When chicks were immunized with ISCOMs prepared with saponins from Kazakhstan plants and E. tenella antigens, and then challenged with E. tenella oocysts, significant protection was conveyed compared to immunization with antigen alone. The results of this study indicate that ISCOMs formulated with saponins isolated from plants indigenous to Kazakhstan are an effective antigen delivery system which may be successfully used, with low toxicity, for preparation of highly immunogenic coccidia vaccine. C1 [Berezin, V. E.; Bogoyavienskiy, A. P.; Tolmacheva, V. P.; Makhmudova, N. R.; Khudyakova, S. S.; Levandovskaya, S. V.; Omirtaeva, E. S.; Zaitceva, I. A.; Tustikbaeva, G. B.; Ermakova, O. S.; Aleksyuk, P. G.; Barfield, R. C.; Danforth, H. D.; Fetterer, R. H.] Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Microbiol & Virol, Alma Ata 480100, Kazakhstan. RP Fetterer, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 1040 BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Raymond.Fetterer@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 EI 1937-2345 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 94 IS 2 BP 381 EP 385 DI 10.1645/GE-1289.1 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 305VZ UT WOS:000256207200008 PM 18564738 ER PT J AU Miska, KB Fetterer, RH Rosenberg, GH AF Miska, K. B. Fetterer, R. H. Rosenberg, G. H. TI Analysis of transcripts from intracellular stages of Eimeria acervulina using expressed sequence tags SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TENELLA MEROZOITES; REFRACTILE BODY; GENE-EXPRESSION; APPLE DOMAINS; POULTRY; COCCIDIOSIS; PROTEINS; VACCINES; IDENTIFICATION; APICOMPLEXA AB Coccidiosis in chickens is caused by 7 species of Eimeria. Even though coccidiosis is a complex disease that can be caused by any combination of these species, most of the molecular research concerning chicken coccidiosis has been limited to Eimeria tenella. The present study describes the first large-scale analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) generated primarily from second-stage merozoites (and schizonts) of E. acervulina. In total, 1,847 ESTs were sequenced; these represent 1,026 unique sequences. Approximately half of the ESTs encode proteins of unknown function, or hypothetical proteins. Twenty-nine percent of the E. acervulina ESTs share significant sequence identity with sequences in the E. tenella genome. Additionally, EST hits seem to be much different compared with those of E. tenella. One of the differences is the very low number of ESTs that encode putative microneme proteins. This study underlines the potential differences in the molecular aspects of 2 Eimeria species that in the past were thought to be highly similar in nature. C1 [Miska, K. B.; Fetterer, R. H.; Rosenberg, G. H.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Miska, KB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 1042 BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kate.miska@ars.usda.gov FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR18754] NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 94 IS 2 BP 462 EP 466 DI 10.1645/GE-1186.1 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 305VZ UT WOS:000256207200016 PM 18564746 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Humphreys, JG Fritz, D AF Dubey, J. P. Humphreys, J. G. Fritz, D. TI A new species of Sarcocystis (Apicomplexa : Sarcocystidae) from the black bear (Ursus americanus) SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Infection with Sarcocystis species is common in herbivores but is rare in bears. Histological sections of 374 black bears (Ursus americanus) from Pennsylvania were examined for sarcocysts. In total, 3 sarcocysts were found in 3 bears, with 1 sarcocyst per section. Sarcocysts from 2 bears were considered a new species, Sarcocystis ursusi. Sarcocysts of S. ursusi n. sp. were microscopic and contained only bradyzoites. By light microscopy, the sarcocyst wall was thin (< 0.5 mu m thick) and had minute serrations. Ultrastructurally, the serrations on the sarcocyst wall consisted of villar protrusions (Vp) that were mostly 0.5 mu m long. The Vp had bundles of electron-dense microtubules that were as wide as long; these microtubules extended deep into the ground substance layer, a feature that distinguished this species from unnamed sarcocysts from black bear. Bradyzoites were 4.8-6.0 mu m long. The sarcocyst from the third bear was structurally different from S. ursusi; its sarcocyst wall was approximately 2 mu m thick and had finger-like villi on the cyst wall giving the sarcocyst wall a striated appearance. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Humphreys, J. G.; Fritz, D.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Bldg 1001,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 94 IS 2 BP 496 EP 499 DI 10.1645/GE-1406.1 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 305VZ UT WOS:000256207200021 PM 18564883 ER PT J AU Iracheta-Cardenas, M Sandoval-Alejos, BD Roman-Calderon, ME Manjunath, KL Lee, RF Rocha-Pena, MA AF Iracheta-Cardenas, M. Sandoval-Alejos, B. D. Roman-Calderon, M. E. Manjunath, K. L. Lee, R. F. Rocha-Pena, M. A. TI Production of polyclonal antibodies to the recombinant coat protein of Citrus tristeza virus and their effectiveness for virus detection SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ELISA; virus isolates; coat protein gene; optical density ID CLOSTEROVIRUS CAPSID PROTEIN; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; IN-VIVO; SEQUENCE; ANTISERUM; ELISA; IMMUNODIAGNOSIS; PARTICLES; EPITOPE AB Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is distributed worldwide and causes the most economically important virus diseases of citrus. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and/or immunoprinting have become an indispensable tools for large-scale diagnosis of CTV worldwide. Several CTV detection kits are commercially available, based on either polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies developed against purified virus preparations. We have developed polyclonal antibodies to recombinant p25 CTV coat proteins (rCP) and determined their effectiveness for both trapping and as the intermediate antibody in double-antibody sandwich indirect (DASI) ELISA. The p25 coat protein gene of three CTV isolates was amplified by RT-PCR and further cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli cells. The rCP was injected into rabbits and goats for antibody production. Western blotting assays with the rCP CTV-specific antibodies reacted positively with the homologous and heterologous rCP of the three CTV isolates and with the corresponding native coat protein present in crude sap extracts of CTV-infected citrus tissue, but not with extracts from healthy tissue. The rCP antibodies from goat and rabbit reacted as both plate trapping and intermediate antibodies in DASIELISA, discriminating healthy and CTV-infected citrus, with optical density (OD405) values in the range of 0.151-2.415 for CTV-Infected samples and less than 0.100 for healthy tissue. Commercially available antiCTV antibodies were used as a reference. Previous reports indicate that antibodies developed to recombinant antigens, including those of CTV, may not be functional for trapping the target antigens under non-denaturing conditions. Our results showed the feasibility of CTV antibodies developed to the rCP for use as both trapping and intermediate antibodies in DASI-ELISA, when the recombinant antigen was fractioned with polyacrylamide electrophoresis gel and further extensively dialysed against phosphate buffer saline prior to its use as immunogen. C1 [Roman-Calderon, M. E.; Rocha-Pena, M. A.] UANL, INIFAP, Unidad Invest Biol Celular & Mol, Dept Microbiol & Inmunol, San Nicolas De Los Garza 66450, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. [Iracheta-Cardenas, M.; Sandoval-Alejos, B. D.] Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Ciencias Biol, Inst Biotecnol, San Nicolas De Los Garza 66450, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. [Manjunath, K. L.; Lee, R. F.] USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Resp Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Rocha-Pena, MA (reprint author), UANL, INIFAP, Unidad Invest Biol Celular & Mol, Dept Microbiol & Inmunol, Apartado Postal 128-F,Cd Univ, San Nicolas De Los Garza 66450, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. EM mrocha@fcb.uanl.mx NR 57 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0931-1785 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 156 IS 4 BP 243 EP 250 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2007.01385.x PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 284JG UT WOS:000254702100009 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Lillehoj, HS Heckert, RA Cho, SM Tuo, W Lillehoj, EP Chun, HK Park, HJ AF Lee, Sung-Hyen Lillehoj, Hyun S. Heckert, Robert A. Cho, Soo-Muk Tuo, Wenbin Lillehoj, Erik P. Chun, Hye-Kyung Park, Hong-Ju TI Immune enhancing properties of safflower leaf (Carthamus tinctorius) on chicken lymphocytes and macrophages SO JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chicken; immunomodulation; lymphoproliferation; safflower leaf; tumor ID IN-VITRO; MEDITERRANEAN CONDITIONS; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; INTERFERON-GAMMA; BROILER-CHICKENS; EIMERIA-TENELLA; TUMOR-CELLS; COCCIDIOSIS; INHIBITION; RESISTANCE AB Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) has been used as a traditional medicinal plant to enhance natural immunity and treat cancers. However, limited information exists on the mechanisms responsible for its immune enhancing properties. In this study, the immunostimulatory effects of a methanol extract of safflower leaf were assessed by in vitro lymphocyte proliferation, tumor cell cytotoxicity, and nitric oxide production by cultured chicken macrophages. A crude methanol extract of safflower leaf stimulated spleen lymphocyte proliferation and nitric oxide production, and inhibited the viability of tumor cells significantly greater than medium controls. Sequential gel filtration chromatographic separation of the methanol extract on Sephadex G-25 and Sephacryl S-200 columns resulted in a partially purified preparation that retained the ability to induce lymphoproliferation, tumor killing, and NO production. These results demonstrate for the first time that safflower leaf contains immunostimulatory and anti-tumor component(s) that may be potentially useful as a dietary immunomodulator for poultry. C1 [Lee, Sung-Hyen; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Heckert, Robert A.; Tuo, Wenbin] USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lee, Sung-Hyen; Cho, Soo-Muk; Chun, Hye-Kyung; Park, Hong-Ju] NIAST, Natl Rural Resources Dev Inst, Suwon 441853, South Korea. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 1043,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM sunghyen.lee@ars.usda.gov; Hyun.Lillehoj@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU JAPAN POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI TSUKUBA PA C/O NATL INST LIVESTOCK & GLASSLAND SCIENCE, 2 IKENODAI, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 305-0901, JAPAN SN 1346-7395 J9 J POULT SCI JI J. Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 45 IS 2 BP 147 EP 151 DI 10.2141/jpsa.45.147 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 293AY UT WOS:000255308400010 ER PT J AU Dunkley, CS Kim, WK James, WD Ellis, WC McReynolds, JL Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ Ricke, SC AF Dunkley, C. S. Kim, W. -K. James, W. D. Ellis, W. C. McReynolds, J. L. Kubena, L. F. Nisbet, D. J. Ricke, S. C. TI Passage rates in poultry digestion using stable isotope markers and INAA SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 03-07, 2006 CL Kailua, HI ID LAYING HENS; EGG-PRODUCTION; DIET; ALFALFA; CALCIUM; TRACT; MOLT; ZINC AB A method has been developed for the study of passage rates and mean residence times (MRT) of test rations through the gastrointestinal tracts of layer hens. The use of rare earth elements as stable indigestible markers monitored by neutron activation analysis has been previously demonstrated in numerous species. In this study hafnium was used to mark corn and alfalfa rations as well as a combination ration made up of 90% alfalfa and 10% corn. The primary goal of the study was to evaluate the potential for use of rare earth stable markers in poultry digestion and to determine efficiency of meal marking, optimum exposure rates and determination limits for use in the design of future experimental protocols. Three groups of 10 hens each were fed a particular marked meal with fecal droppings monitored for 24 hours. The hens were sacrificed after a second dosed feeding and a delay of two or seven hours, and digesta was collected from each portion of the gastrointestinal tract. Fecal dry matter as well as digesta collected was then prepared for analysis and the elemental concentrations of hafnium were measured with instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Element adsorption on alfalfa was far less efficient than on the corn ration, limiting the applicability of much of the alfalfa data to digestion studies. Passage rate curves were prepared for corn. The marker was found to primarily concentrate in the ileum at both sacrifice times. C1 [Dunkley, C. S.; Kim, W. -K.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [James, W. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Chem Characterizat & Anal, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Ellis, W. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [McReynolds, J. L.; Kubena, L. F.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA, So Plains Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Dunkley, CS (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM wd-james@tamu.edu NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2008 VL 276 IS 1 BP 35 EP 39 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0406-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 287MH UT WOS:000254920700006 ER PT J AU Shypailo, RJ Ellis, KJ AF Shypailo, R. J. Ellis, K. J. TI Prompt-gamma neutron activation analysis system design: Effects of D-T versus D-D neutron generator source selection SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 03-07, 2006 CL Kailua, HI ID TOTAL-BODY NITROGEN; FACILITY AB Prompt-gamma neutron activation (PGNA) analysis is used for the non-invasive measurement of human body composition. Advancements in portable, compact neutron generator design have made those devices attractive as neutron sources. Two distinct generators are available: D-D with 2.5 MeV and D-T with 14.2 MeV neutrons. To compare the performance of these two units in our present PGNA system, we performed Monte Carlo simulations (MCNP-5; Los Alamos National Laboratory) evaluating the nitrogen reactions produced in tissue-equivalent phantoms and the effects of background interference on the gamma-detectors. Monte Carlo response curves showed increased gamma production per unit dose when using the D-D generator, suggesting that it is the more suitable choice for smaller sized subjects. The increased penetration by higher energy neutrons produced by the D-T generator supports its utility when examining larger, especially obese, subjects. A clinical PGNA analysis design incorporating both neutron generator options may be the best choice for a system required to measure a wide range of subject phenotypes. C1 [Shypailo, R. J.; Ellis, K. J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Shypailo, RJ (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM shypailo@bcm.edu NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2008 VL 276 IS 1 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0412-5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 287MH UT WOS:000254920700012 ER PT J AU Ellis, KJ Shypailo, RJ AF Ellis, K. J. Shypailo, R. J. TI COHN analysis: Body composition measurements based on the associated particle imaging and prompt-gamma neutron activation analysis techniques SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 03-07, 2006 CL Kailua, HI ID IN-VIVO; INVIVO; HYDROGEN; CARBON AB The measurement of the body's carbon (C), oxygen (O), hydrogen (H), and nitrogen (N) content can be used to calculate the relative amounts of fat, protein, and water. A system based on prompt-gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA), coupled with the associated particle imaging (API) technique, is being developed for this purpose. A compact D,T neutron generator (similar to 10(7) n/s output) with an internal alpha-particle detector is used. The counting system consists of 6 shielded bismuth germanate (BGO) detectors (10.2 cm x 10.2 cm x 10.2 cm) operated with fast-timing electronics to detect only gamma-rays within a 100 ns time window following a trigger pulse generated by the alpha detector. The body can be scanned from the shoulders to the knees within about 30 min, with the equivalent whole-body dose <0.4 mSv. The cumulative gamma-ray spectra in the 2 MeV to 8 MeV region is collected and analyzed for multiple peaks attributed to body C,O,H, and N. Measurement precision for each element, based on tissue-equivalent phantoms, are in the 2-5% range, which are sufficient for population studies in adults. Further improvements are needed to extend the measurements to pediatric clinical research studies. C1 [Ellis, K. J.; Shypailo, R. J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Ellis, KJ (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kellis@bcm.edu NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2008 VL 276 IS 1 BP 79 EP 83 DI 10.1007/s10967-008-0413-4 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 287MH UT WOS:000254920700013 ER PT J AU O'Shaughnessy, SA Kim, MY Choi, CY AF O'Shaughnessy, Susan A. Kim, Min-Young Choi, Christopher Y. TI Mathematical model to predict pathogen die-off in biosolids SO JOURNAL OF RESIDUALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LAND APPLICATION; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; SURVIVAL; SOIL; INDICATORS; REGROWTH; BACTERIA; MOISTURE AB Solar drying has been utilized as a method for dewatering and pathogen reduction in biosolids for land application. The objectives of this laboratory study were to quantify the effects of moisture and temperature on the inactivation rate of fecal coliforms in biosolids and develop a mathematical model to predict their level in biosolids in solar drying beds at any time during the drying process. A two way ANOVA confirmed that temperature and moisture have significant main and interactive effects on the inactivation rate of Escherichia coli in biosolids. Chick's Law was used as the basis of the prediction model and the inactivation constant was further defined as a function of moisture and temperature of the biosolids. Observed and predicted inactivation rates from the microcosm study correlated well (R-2 = 0.81). The model was validated by comparing observed results for fecal coliform density levels in solar drying experiments to predicted values calculated from the model. There was a good agreement between observed and predicted values with the correlation coefficient (R-2 = 0.84) and RMSE = 0.07. C1 [O'Shaughnessy, Susan A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Choi, Christopher Y.] Univ Arizona, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP O'Shaughnessy, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM Susan.OShaughnessy@ars.usda.gov FU University of Arizona; National Science Foundation Water Quality Center; IALC-USAID FX This work was supported by the University of Arizona, the National Science Foundation Water Quality Center and the IALC-USAID. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA SN 1544-8053 J9 J RESIDUALS SCI TECH JI J. Residuals Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 5 IS 2 BP 87 EP 93 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 348YG UT WOS:000259245400004 ER PT J AU Bernier, UR Allan, SA Quinn, BP Kline, DL Barnard, DR Clark, GG AF Bernier, Ulrich R. Allan, Sandra A. Quinn, Brian P. Kline, Daniel L. Barnard, Donald R. Clark, Gary G. TI Volatile compounds from the integument of White Leghorn Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus L.): Candidate attractants of ornithophilic mosquito species SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bird odors; extracts; GC/MS; kairomones; semiochemicals ID HUMAN SKIN EMANATIONS; AEDES-AEGYPTI; UROPYGIAL GLANDS; SURFACE LIPIDS; DIPTERA; CULICIDAE; KETONES; ODORS AB Candidate kairomones of ornithophilic mosquito species are reported from GC/MS analysis of compounds from the skin on the back, the feet, and feathers from the back of White Leghorn chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Hexane and ether extracts of chicken feathers differ significantly in attractiveness of Culex spp. mosquitoes. The active (hexane) extracts contained an abundance of alcohols, ketones, and diones. The inactive (ether) extracts contained aldehydes, which also were in the hexane extracts. Analysis of hexane extracts from chicken feet, skin, and feathers demonstrated the qualitative similarity in the compounds collected with subtle differences observed in the quantitative amounts of these compounds. Aldehydes and carboxylic acids were detected in a concentrated ether extract of feathers in quantitatively similar ratios within each compound class for the corresponding series of C-6-C-9 aldehydes and acids. C1 [Bernier, Ulrich R.; Allan, Sandra A.; Quinn, Brian P.; Kline, Daniel L.; Barnard, Donald R.; Clark, Gary G.] USDA, ARS, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Bernier, UR (reprint author), USDA, ARS, CMAVE, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM ubernier@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9306 J9 J SEP SCI JI J. Sep. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 31 IS 6-7 BP 1092 EP 1099 DI 10.1002/jssc.200700434 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 297JU UT WOS:000255613800024 PM 18381686 ER PT J AU Camara, MD Davis, JP Sekino, M Hedgecock, D Li, G Langdon, CJ Evans, S AF Camara, Mark D. Davis, Jonathan P. Sekino, Masashi Hedgecock, Dennis Li, Gang Langdon, Christopher J. Evans, Sanford TI The Kumamoto oyster Crassostrea sikamea is neither rare nor threatened by hybridization in the northern Ariake sea, Japan SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Crassostrea gigas; C. sikamea; C. ariakensis; hybridization; conservation; aquaculture; calmodulin; ITS1; COI ID GIGAS; PACIFIC AB The status of the Kumamoto oyster Crassostrea sikamea in its native Japan is uncertain because of a lack of information about its abundance and distribution and a suggestion that C. sikamea and the Pacific oyster C. gigas hybridize in the northern Ariake Sea. Furthermore, broodstock populations on the United States Pacific coast have been hybridized with C. gigas in the past and may suffer inbreeding depression from multiple generations of hatchery-propagation. As a result, Japanese conservationists and United States oyster growers share an interest in the status of this species in the wild. We collected wild oysters from three sites in Saga Prefecture located in the northern portion of the Ariake Sea, Kyushu, Japan, in September 2006 and used molecular methods (species-specific PCR of the mitochondrial COI gene and PCR-RFLP of the nuclear ribosomal ITS I gene) to assign 628 sampled oysters to one of three species found in this region. C. sikamea proved to be the dominant organism on artificial hard substrates, comprising 91% of the oysters sampled and typed. Many individuals confirmed as C. sikamea by diagnostic DNA markers had C. gigas-like phenotypes, such as striped shells. Crassostrea ariakensis was present (8% of typed oysters) but only at the lowest intertidal levels, and C. gigas was rare (1%) at these sites. We found no evidence of hybridization between any of the species and were unable to repeat a previous study, which suggested hybridization between C. sikamea and C. gigas based on sharing of a calmodulin allele. We conducted gamete compatibility tests among all combinations of Japanese (Ariake Sea) and United States C. sikamea and C. gigas broodstocks and found strong one-way gamete incompatibility (male C. sikamea X female C. gigas) between species of Japanese stocks, supporting the molecular diagnosis of C. sikamea. However, this one-way incompatibility was less evident in United States stocks, indicating lower barriers to potential hybridization in commercially cultured stocks. C1 [Camara, Mark D.] USDA ARS, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Davis, Jonathan P.] Taylor Resources Inc, Quilcene, WA 98376 USA. [Sekino, Masashi] Tohoku Natl Fisheries Res Inst, Fisheries Res Agcy, Shiogama, Miyagi 9850001, Japan. [Hedgecock, Dennis; Li, Gang] Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Langdon, Christopher J.; Evans, Sanford] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Molluscan Broodstock Program, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Camara, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, 2030 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM Mark.Camara@oregonstate.edu RI Hedgecock, Dennis/I-8655-2012 OI Hedgecock, Dennis/0000-0002-3995-646X NR 22 TC 17 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 313 EP 322 DI 10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[313:TKOCSI]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 286XU UT WOS:000254880600011 ER PT J AU Camara, MD Evans, S Langdon, CJ AF Camara, Mark D. Evans, Sanford Langdon, Christopher J. TI Parental relatedness and survival of Pacific oysters from a naturalized population SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Crassostrea gigas; genetics; relatedness; heterosis; inbreeding depression; selective breeding ID CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS THUNBERG; GROWTH-RATE; INBREEDING DEPRESSION; AMERICAN OYSTER; NULL ALLELES; GENETIC HETEROZYGOSITY; MYTILUS-EDULIS; SIBSHIP RECONSTRUCTION; BROODSTOCK MANAGEMENT; PAIRWISE RELATEDNESS AB Inbreeding has profound implications in fields ranging from evolutionary biology to medicine. Most cultured aquatic species are only partially domesticated and highly fecund and are, therefore, expected to have higher genetic load and more severe inbreeding depression than species with lower fecundity and/or longer histories of domestication. Marine bivalves such as oysters are extreme in this regard, and previous studies have demonstrated that self-fertilization, brother/sister matings, and cousin/cousin matings in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) reduce growth and survival. It is unclear, however, whether these effects can be extrapolated to lower levels of consanguinity such as those expected in natural populations or the founders used to initiate cultured strains or selective breeding efforts. To address this without the need for extensive pedigree information, we studied inbreeding in a naturalized population of Pacific oysters using molecular marker-based estimates of parental relatedness calculated from multilocus microsatellite genotypes. We produced 34 full-sib families using randomly mated parents collected from a naturalized population in Dabob Bay (Washington, USA) and planted them in intertidal and subtidal conditions in Dabob Bay and Yaquina Bay (Oregon, USA). Using 16 microsatellite loci, we estimated the degree of inbreeding of each pair's progeny in three ways: (1) identity (1) or the expected homozygosity of the progeny based on their parents' genotypes estimated using the IDENTIX program, (2) a moment-based estimator of the pair-wise coefficient of relatedness (W) of each parental pair estimated using the MER program of Wang, and (3) a modified estimator of the pair-wise coefficient of relatedness (K) designed specifically to accommodate null alleles, which were common in the Dabob Bay population and estimated using the ML-RELATE by Kalinowski. Using a composite analysis of variance approach to partition the total among-family variation into components attributable to inbreeding and all other family-level effects, we found statistically significant negative relationships between all three estimators of inbreeding and the survival of their progeny when we analyzed all location/exposure combinations simultaneously and in 7 of the 12 separate tests examining each location/exposure combination separately. However, for 4 of the 5 nonsignificant tests, P < 0.07 using K estimator of relatedness, which makes the potentially unreasonable assumption that all parents have inbreeding coefficients (F) of zero. Further, these relationships were strongest at the site with the highest mortality, indicating that inbreeding depression may be more severe in a more stressful environment. Finally, we briefly outline potential strategies for using molecular marker-based estimates of relatedness to improve the genetic composition of new founder populations, incorporation of relatedness information in selective breeding efforts, and minimizing inbreeding effects in established cultured oyster populations. C1 [Camara, Mark D.] USDA ARS, Shellfish Genet Program, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Evans, Sanford; Langdon, Christopher J.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Molluscam Broodstock Program, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Camara, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Shellfish Genet Program, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, 2030 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM Mark.Camaroa@oregonstate.edu NR 96 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 15 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 323 EP 336 DI 10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[323:PRASOP]2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 286XU UT WOS:000254880600012 ER PT J AU Lang, P Langdon, CJ Camara, MD AF Lang, P. Langdon, C. J. Camara, M. D. TI Predicting the resistance of adult pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to summer mortality SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lang, P.; Langdon, C. J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Newport, OR USA. [Camara, M. D.] USDA ARS, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 470 EP 470 PG 1 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 286XU UT WOS:000254880600045 ER PT J AU Matson, SE Camara, MD Banks, M Eichert, W AF Matson, Sean E. Camara, Mark D. Banks, Michael Eichert, W. TI Oyster breeding mixed up: A new spin on old science SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Matson, Sean E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Camara, Mark D.] USDA ARS, Shellfish Genet Program, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Banks, Michael; Eichert, W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 471 EP 471 PG 1 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 286XU UT WOS:000254880600046 ER PT J AU Stick, A Langdon, C Banks, MA Camara, MD AF Stick, A. Langdon, Chris Banks, Michael A. Camara, Mark D. TI Preliminary analyses of genetic structure within and among remnant populations of the olympia oyster, Ostrea conchaphila SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stick, A.; Langdon, Chris; Banks, Michael A.] HMSC, COMES, OSU, Newport, OR USA. [Camara, Mark D.] USDA ARS, HMSC, Newport, OR USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 471 EP 472 PG 2 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 286XU UT WOS:000254880600048 ER PT J AU Blum, M Dallal, GE Dawson-Hughes, B AF Blum, Miriam Dallal, Gerard E. Dawson-Hughes, Bess TI Body size and serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D response to oral supplements in healthy older adults SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE body size; body mass index; 25 hydroxy vitamin D; vitamin D(3) supplements; elderly ID VITAMIN-D STATUS; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; HUMAN-SKIN; WOMEN; OBESITY; CALCIUM; SERUM; 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D; MEN; SUNLIGHT AB Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is prevalent in the northeast United States. Since vitamin D insufficiency is readily amenable to supplementation, it is important to understand what factors are associated with serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) response to vitamin D supplementation. Objective: In this study we examined the association of serum 25(OH)D response to vitamin D supplementation with body size in a population of elderly subjects. Methods: 257 healthy, ambulatory men and women 65 years of age or older were randomly assigned to treatment with either 700 IU/day (17.5 mu g/d) of supplemental vitamin D(3) and 500 mg/day (12.5 mmol/d) of supplemental calcium, or to placebo. Results: In multivariate regression analyses, after adjusting for baseline 25(OH)D, season, and sex, we found change in 25(OH)D to be inversely associated with baseline BMI (p = 0.01) in subjects treated with supplements for one year. Change in 25(OH)D was also negatively associated with other baseline anthropometric measurements in these subjects. Conclusion: Our study implies that body size should be taken into account when estimating the amount of vitamin D intake needed to raise 25(OH)D to the desired level. C1 [Blum, Miriam; Dawson-Hughes, Bess] Tufts Univ, Bone Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, HNRC Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dallal, Gerard E.] Tufts Univ, Dept Biostat, Jean Mayer USDA, HNRC Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Dawson-Hughes, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Bone Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, HNRC Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM bess.dawson-hughes@tufts.edu FU National Institutes of Health [K23 AR47869, AG10353]; Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University [55-3K06-5-10] FX Grant support: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grants K23 AR47869 and AG10353) and by a contract (55-3K06-5-10) with the Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University. NR 39 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER COLLEGE NUTRITION PI CLEARWATER PA 300 SOUTH DUNCAN AVENUE, STE 225, CLEARWATER, FL 33755 USA SN 0731-5724 J9 J AM COLL NUTR JI J. Am. Coll. Nutr. PD APR PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 274 EP 279 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 339VH UT WOS:000258604900011 PM 18689559 ER PT J AU Griffin, IJ Lynch, MF Hawthorne, KM Chen, ZS Hamzo, M Abrams, SA AF Griffin, Ian J. Lynch, Mary Frances Hawthorne, Kelli M. Chen, Zhensheng Hamzo, Maria Abrams, Steven A. TI Magnesium retention in 12 to 48 month-old children SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID CALCIUM; ABSORPTION; BALANCE AB Objectives: In adults, adaptation to changes in magnesium intake is largely due to changes in fractional magnesium absorption and urinary magnesium excretion. We sought to examine whether these homeostatic mechanism also occurred in young children. Methods: Children, 12-48m old were studied (n=30). They were adapted to a home diet representative of their usual magnesium intake for 7d then admitted for a stable isotope study. Children received 5mg Mg-25 intravenously, and 10mg Mg-26 orally (5mg with breakfast and 5mg with lunch). Magnesium absorption was calculated from the relative fractional excretion of the oral and intravenous isotopes in the urine samples. Endogenous fecal magnesium absorption was calculated in a subgroup from the fecal and urinary excretion of the intravenous tracer. Results: Magnesium intake (mean +/- SD; 106 +/- 25mg/d) was significantly greater than the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) described by the Institute of Medicine in the US (65 mg/d, p < 0.0001). Across the range of intake studied, fractional magnesium absorption was significantly (P = 0.0383) but weakly (r(2) = 0.144) related to magnesium intake. Absolute magnesium absorption (the product of fractional absorption and intake) significantly increased as intake increased (r(2) = 0.566, P < 0.0001). Urinary magnesium excretion was unrelated to magnesium intake (r(2) = 0.036, P = 0.31). Enclogenous fecal magnesium excretion tended to increase as magnesium intake increased (r(2) = 0.312, P = 0.12). Magnesium retention (absolute absorption minus urinary and fecal losses) was positive in 26 of the 30 subjects studied, and was linearly related to magnesium intake (r(2) = 0.157, P = 0.0304). A magnesium intake of 52-78 mg/d would appear to be required to meet the needs for absorbed magnesium for half the children at this age range, suggesting that the current EAR is broadly appropriate. Conclusions: In Young children, consuming magnesium intakes typical of the US population, fractional magnesium absorption is a major site of magnesium homeostasis, but magnesium retention increased linearly across the intake range studied. Our results support at EAR for magnesium of 55-80 mg/d and an RDA of 70-100 mg/d. C1 [Griffin, Ian J.; Lynch, Mary Frances; Abrams, Steven A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Griffin, Ian J.; Lynch, Mary Frances; Hawthorne, Kelli M.; Chen, Zhensheng; Hamzo, Maria; Abrams, Steven A.] Baylor Coll Med, Sect Neonatol, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Griffin, IJ (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM lgriffin@bcm.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 FU USDA/ARS [58-6250-6-001]; NIH; NCRR General Clinical Research for Children [RR00188] FX This work is a publication of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. This project has been funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement number 58-6250-6-001, the NIH, NCRR General Clinical Research for Children Grant number RR00188. Contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLLEGE NUTRITION PI CLEARWATER PA 300 SOUTH DUNCAN AVENUE, STE 225, CLEARWATER, FL 33755 USA SN 0731-5724 J9 J AM COLL NUTR JI J. Am. Coll. Nutr. PD APR PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 349 EP 355 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 339VH UT WOS:000258604900022 PM 18689570 ER PT J AU Taylor, MM Marmer, WN Brown, EM AF Taylor, Maryann M. Marmer, William N. Brown, Eleanor M. TI Effect of fillers prepared from enzymatically modified proteins on mechanical properties of leather SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 103rd Annual Meeting of the American-Leather-Chemists-Association/29th IULTCS Congress CY JUN 20-24, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Leather Chemists Assoc, IULTCS ID MICROBIAL TRANSGLUTAMINASE; MODIFIED GELATIN; BIOPOLYMERS; FILMS; WHEY; HYDROLYSATE; CASEIN AB In an environment where petroleum feedstuffs are becoming increasingly too expensive for a good cost-effective return, utilization of renewable resources makes economic sense, particularly when these substrates are waste proteins. We have thus proposed the application of enzymatically modified waste proteins from the leather (gelatin) and dairy (casein and whey) industries as fillers in leather production. In previously reported research, we prepared different combinations of these waste proteins, enzymatically modified them, characterized the products and applied them to blue stock using fluorescently labeled proteins to determine how they were distributed in the hide and more importantly not removed by washing. From the data acquired in these previous experiments, we identified potential filling materials. We now have treated various areas in the hide (butt, belly, and neck) with the products, retanned, colored and fatliquored the treated pieces, evaluated them with respect to subjective properties against controls, and finally determined mechanical properties. The results from these tests show that the mechanical properties were not significantly affected by the treatment and subjective properties, e.g., handle, fullness, break and color, were improved over the controls. Fillers thus have the potential to be economically produced from sustainable resources as an alternative to more expensive and increasingly limited conventional products. C1 [Taylor, Maryann M.; Marmer, William N.; Brown, Eleanor M.] USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Taylor, MM (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 660 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM maryann.taylor@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA TEXAS TECH UNIV, BOX 45300, LUBBOCK, TX 79409-5300 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 103 IS 4 BP 128 EP 137 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 288BZ UT WOS:000254962500001 ER PT J AU Laszlo, JA Compton, DL Vermillion, KE AF Laszlo, Joseph A. Compton, David L. Vermillion, Karl E. TI Acyl migration kinetics of vegetable oil 1,2-diacylglycerols SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE acyl migration; structured lipids; 1-2-diacylglycerol; alcoholysis; NMR; lipase ID STRUCTURED LIPIDS; DIGLYCERIDES; PURIFICATION; ACID AB The acyl migration kinetics of long-chain 1,2-diacylglycerol (1,2-DAG) to form 1,3-diacylglycerol (1,3-DAG) over the temperature range of 25-80 degrees C were examined using H-1-NMR spectroscopy. Lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis of high-oleic sunflower oil, followed by a series of solvent extraction steps, generated high purity 1,2-DAG (0.93 mol fraction of the DAG content). The 1,2-DAG mole fraction of 0.32 at equilibrium was found to be insensitive to temperature, indicating that long-chain acyl group migration is neither endothermic nor exothermic. Determination of the temperature-dependent, first-order reaction kinetic parameters revealed a 1,2-DAG half life (t(1/2)) of 3,425 h and 15.8 h at 25 and 80 degrees C, respectively. A comparison of 1,2-DAG with 2-monoacylglycerol indicated that there is no difference between the two in the potential energy state (Delta G(double dagger)) of their respective transitions states or cyclic intermediates. C1 [Laszlo, Joseph A.; Compton, David L.; Vermillion, Karl E.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Laszlo, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Joe.Laszlo@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 85 IS 4 BP 307 EP 312 DI 10.1007/s11746-008-1202-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 270YI UT WOS:000253755700002 ER PT J AU Holser, RA Mitchell, TR Harry-O'kuru, RE Vaughn, SF Walter, E Himmelsbach, D AF Holser, R. A. Mitchell, T. R. Harry-O'kuru, R. E. Vaughn, S. F. Walter, E. Himmelsbach, D. TI Preparation and characterization of 4-methoxy cinnamoyl glycerol SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE glycerol; 4-methoxy cinnamic acid; ester ID SUNSCREENS; FILTERS AB Glycerol was reacted with 4-methoxy cinnamic acid to prepare the corresponding 4-methoxy cinnamoyl glycerol. The reaction proceeded in toluene under reflux conditions with p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst. Reaction of equimolar amounts of reactants produced the monoester in 20% yield after 2 h. The product was isolated and characterized by FTIR, mass spectrometry, and NMR techniques. Results of mass spectrometry and NMR experiments showed that the ester linkage formed between the carboxylic acid and the primary hydroxyl of glycerol. The ester displayed strong absorbance between 250 and 350 nm and shows potential as a UV filter in formulations where hydrophilic compounds are advantageous. C1 [Holser, R. A.; Mitchell, T. R.; Himmelsbach, D.] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Harry-O'kuru, R. E.; Vaughn, S. F.; Walter, E.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Holser, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Ronald.Holser@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 85 IS 4 BP 347 EP 351 DI 10.1007/s11746-008-1197-y PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 270YI UT WOS:000253755700007 ER PT J AU Kenar, JA Knothe, G AF Kenar, James A. Knothe, Gerhard TI 1,2-isopropylidene glycerol carbonate: Preparation, characterization, and hydrolysis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE dialkyl carbonates; glycerol; solketal; 1-2-isopropylidene glycerol; hydrolysis; glycerin; 1-2-isopropylidene carbonate; carbonate interchange reaction; nuclear magnetic resonance; masas spectrometry ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PETRODIESEL; COMPONENTS; VISCOSITY; BIODIESEL; SOLKETAL; DIALKYL AB Utilization of excess glycerol supplies derived from the burgeoning biodiesel industry is of major importance to the oleochemical industry as the economic viability of the biodiesel and oleochemical industries are closely linked to glycerol prices. Carbonates based on glycerol, such as glycerol carbonate, are gaining prominence due their simple preparation, interesting properties and chemistry. Herein, the synthesis, physical properties, and chemistry of an interesting glycerol-based carbonate (4, bis[(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl] carbonate; 1,2-isopropylidene glycerol carbonate or solketal carbonate) is reported. Carbonate interchange reaction between solketal (isopropylidene glycerol) and diethyl carbonate in the presence of sodium methoxide catalyst gave solketal carbonate, 4, in 65-70% isolated yields. Carbonate 4 was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The kinematic viscosity at 40 degrees C, refractive index, and melting point of 4 were determined to be 26.7 mm(2)/s, n(D)(20) 1.4460, and below -50 degrees C, respectively. Using a high frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) testing apparatus neat 4 was shown to have lubricity properties similar to fatty acid esters. Hydrolysis of the isopropylidene groups converted carbonate 4 into polyol 6, bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) carbonate in good yields (84%). Carbonate polyol 6 was characterized by H-1 and C-13 NMR and represents a potentially novel polyol component that may be useful in the syntheses of interesting carbonate containing esters and polymers. C1 [Kenar, James A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Knothe, Gerhard] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kenar, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM jim.kenar@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 85 IS 4 BP 365 EP 372 DI 10.1007/s11746-008-1201-6 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 270YI UT WOS:000253755700010 ER PT J AU Beckman, TG AF Beckman, T. G. TI Nursery performance of peach seedling rootstocks SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The nursery performance of a cross-section of both historically important and current commercial peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] seedling type rootstocks was studied over three growing seasons at six nurseries serving the southeastern United States peach industry. Many of the 14 rootstock lines tested differed significantly in both their percent germination and growth prior to budding. Tennessee Natural (IR282-2) displayed the best (77%) germination. The commercial bulked seedlot of Guardian (TM) (BY520-9) being distributed at the time of this study displayed the worst (32%) percent germination. However, since then Guardian's germination percentage has improved dramatically through the identification and utilization of those selections with superior germination. Percent unbuddable seedlings ranged from 1.5 to 6.6% across the rootstock lines. High vigor is desirable. Nemared and Bailey displayed the highest (58.0 cm height) and lowest (35.2 cm height) vigor, respectively. Seedlings with few or no branches on their lower trunks are most desirable for budding. Rutgers Red Leaf and Bailey displayed the lowest (0.7 branches per seedling) and highest (2.4 branches per seedling) number of side branches on the lowest 10 cm of trunk, respectively. Rootstocks differed sufficiently to warrant preferences for increased production efficiency if rootstock-specific site adaptability did not take precedence. C1 USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Beckman, TG (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 62 IS 2 BP 46 EP 51 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 295RD UT WOS:000255490700001 ER PT J AU Beckman, TG Krewer, GW Chaparro, JX Sherman, WB AF Beckman, T. G. Krewer, G. W. Chaparro, J. X. Sherman, W. B. TI Potential of nonmelting flesh peaches for the early season fresh market SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID COLOR MEASUREMENTS; GROUND COLOR; CULTIVARS; QUALITY AB The post-harvest behavior of commercial, moderate-chill, melting flesh peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] cultivars ('Flordaking', 'Flordacrest', 'June Gold' and 'Juneprince') was compared to recently released nonmelting flesh cultivars ('Guning', 'Gulfcrest', 'Gulferimson' and 'Gulfprince') over four seasons. Storage protocol was designed to approximate conditions likely to be encountered during shipment to market via refrigerated truck and subsequent retail marketing, i.e. 5 d at 4 degrees C followed by 2 d at 20 degrees C. The nonmelting flesh cultivars displayed superior post-storage firmness compared to current commercial melting flesh cultivars. Additionally, the nonmelting flesh cultivars generally displayed superior cropping ability, fruit shape, red skin blush, ground color development, and soluble solids/titratable acidity ratios. Moreover, they generally were of comparable marketable size and had a reduced incidence of split and shattered pits. This suggests that these new nonmelting flesh cultivars merit testing as alternatives to current commercial melting flesh cultivars. C1 [Beckman, T. G.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Krewer, G. W.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Chaparro, J. X.; Sherman, W. B.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Beckman, TG (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 62 IS 2 BP 52 EP 57 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 295RD UT WOS:000255490700002 ER PT J AU Pomper, KW Crabtree, SB Layne, DR Peterson, RN Masabni, J Wolfe, D AF Pomper, Kirk W. Crabtree, Sheri B. Layne, Desmond R. Peterson, R. Neal Masabni, Joseph Wolfe, Dwight TI The Kentucky pawpaw regional variety trial SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FRUIT ASIMINA-TRILOBA; GROWTH AB The North American pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Donal] is in the initial stages of commercial production. Two pawpaw variety trial orchards were established in Kentucky to evaluate the suitability of various varieties for this region. The first orchard was planted in the fall of 1995 in Princeton, at the University of Kentucky Research and Education Center (UKREC). A second orchard was planted in the spring of 1998 at the Kentucky State University (KSU) Research Farm in Frankfort. A randomized complete block design was used in both plantings with 8 replicates of 28 grafted cultivars and advanced selections. Cultivars being evaluated included 'Middletown', 'Mitchell', 'NC-1', 'Overleese', 'PA-Golden', 'Sunflower', 'Taylor', 'Taytwo', 'Wells', and 'Wilson'. The other 18 clones were selections from the PawPaw Foundation (PPF) breeding effort. Trunk cross-sectional area, number of fruit per tree, fruit weight, cumulative yield, cumulative yield efficiency, number of fruit per cluster, growing degree days required for ripening, harvest peak, harvest duration (days), and biennial bearing index all varied significantly among cultivars and advanced selections 7 to 9 years after planting at both planting sites. Fruit weight varied greatly, with some clones averaging less than 100 g per fruit ('Middletown', 'Wilson', and 'Rappahannock') and others averaging over 170 g per fruit ('Overleese', 8-20, 'NC-1', 'Susquehanna', 'Wabash', 5-5, and 'Potomac'). 'PA-Golden' and 2-10 were early ripening clones while 'Middletown' and 9-47 were late ripening clones. Cumulative yield varied greatly, with some cultivars and advanced selections exceeding 30 kg/tree. Cumulative yield efficiency ranged from 0.38 to 0.91 kg/cm(2) TCA. Based on fruit size yield, and availability, 'Potomac', 'Susquehanna', 'Wabash', 'Overleese', 'Shenandoah', 'NC-1', and 'Sunflower' can be recommended for production in this region. Additional PPF advanced selections that show promise are 10-35, 9-58, 2-10, 8-20, 5-5, and 1-68. C1 [Pomper, Kirk W.] Kentucky State Univ, Atwood Res Facil, USDA Clonal Germplasm Repository Asimina Species, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Layne, Desmond R.] Clemson Univ, Dept Hort, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Peterson, R. Neal] Peterson Pawpaws, Harpers Ferry, WV 25425 USA. [Masabni, Joseph; Wolfe, Dwight] Univ Kentucky, Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Hort, Princeton, KY 42445 USA. RP Pomper, KW (reprint author), Kentucky State Univ, Atwood Res Facil, USDA Clonal Germplasm Repository Asimina Species, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 62 IS 2 BP 58 EP 69 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 295RD UT WOS:000255490700003 ER PT J AU Angier, JT McCarty, GW AF Angier, Jonathan T. McCarty, Gregory W. TI Variations in base-flow nitrate flux in a first-order stream and riparian zone SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE surface water/ground-water interactions; nonpoint source pollution; nutrients; transport and fate; ground-water hydrology; wetlands ID ATLANTIC COASTAL-PLAIN; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; GROUNDWATER NITRATE; WETLAND SOILS; DENITRIFICATION; NITROGEN; CATCHMENT; DYNAMICS; FORESTS; RIVER AB Nonpoint source pollution, which contributes to contamination of surface waters, is difficult to control. Some pollutants, particularly nitrate (NO3-), are predominantly transmitted through ground water. Riparian buffer zones have the potential to remove contaminants from ground water and reduce the amount of NO3- that enters surface water. This is a justification for setting aside vegetated buffer strips along waterways. Many riparian zone hydrologic models assume uniform ground-water flow through organic-rich soil under reducing conditions, leading to effective removal of ground-water NO3- prior to discharge into a stream. However, in a small first-order stream in the mid-Atlantic coastal plain, base-flow generation was highly variable (spatially and temporally). Average base-flow NO3- loads were greater in winter than summer, and higher during a wetter year than in dryer years. Specific sections of the stream consistently received greater amounts of high NO3- ground water than others. Areas within the riparian zone responsible for most of the NO3- exported from the watershed are termed "critical areas." Over this 5-year study, most of the NO3- exported during base flow originated from a critical area comprising less than 10% of the total riparian zone land area. Allocation of resources to address and improve mitigation function in critical areas should be a priority for continued riparian zone research. C1 [Angier, Jonathan T.; McCarty, Gregory W.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Qual Lab, ANRI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Angier, JT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Qual Lab, ANRI, W Bldg 007,Room 214,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Angier.Jonathan@EPA.gov NR 49 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 367 EP 380 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00153.x PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 284XP UT WOS:000254741500010 ER PT J AU Roper, BB Buffington, JM Archer, E Moyer, C Ward, M AF Roper, Brett B. Buffington, John M. Archer, Eric Moyer, Chris Ward, Mike TI The role of observer variation in determining Rosgen stream types in northeastern Oregon mountain streams SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE monitoring; quality control/quality assurance; restoration; Rosgen; stream classification; bankfull ID NATURAL RIVERS; CLASSIFICATION; RESTORATION; LIMITATIONS; ATTRIBUTES; PROJECT; DESIGN AB Consistency in determining Rosgen stream types was evaluated in 12 streams within the John Day Basin, northeastern Oregon. The Rosgen classification system is commonly used in the western United States and is based on the measurement of five stream attributes: entrenchment ratio, width-to-depth ratio, sinuosity, slope, and substrate size. Streams were classified from measurements made by three monitoring groups, with each group fielding multiple crews that conducted two to three independent surveys of each stream. In only four streams (33%) did measurements from all crews in all monitoring groups yield the same stream type. Most differences found among field crews and monitoring groups could be attributed to differences in estimates of the entrenchment ratio. Differences in entrenchment ratio were likely due to small discrepancies in determination of maximum bankfull depth, leading to potentially large differences in determination of Rosgen's flood-prone width and consequent values of entrenchment. The result was considerable measurement variability among crews within a monitoring group, and because entrenchment ratio is the first discriminator in the Rosgen classification, differences in the assessment of this value often resulted in different determination of primary stream types. In contrast, we found that consistently evaluated attributes, such as channel slope, rarely resulted in any differences in classification. We also found that the Rosgen method can yield nonunique solutions (multiple channel types), with no clear guidance for resolving these situations, and we found that some assigned stream types did not match the appearance of the evaluated stream. Based on these observations we caution the use of Rosgen stream classes for communicating conditions of a single stream or as strata when analyzing many streams due to the reliance of the Rosgen approach on bankfull estimates which are inherently uncertain. C1 Utah State Univ, US Forest Serv, Fish & Aquat Ecol Unit, Logan, UT 84321 USA. US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Idaho Water Ctr, Boise, ID 83702 USA. US Forest Serv, PacFish InFish Biol Opin Monitoring Program, Logan, UT 84321 USA. Bur Land Management, Aquat Riparian Effectiveness Monitoring Program, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. Terraqua Inc, Wauconda, WA 98859 USA. RP Roper, BB (reprint author), Utah State Univ, US Forest Serv, Fish & Aquat Ecol Unit, 860 N,1200 E, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM broper@fs.fed.us RI Roper, Brett/F-2891-2010 NR 38 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 417 EP 427 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00171.x PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 284XP UT WOS:000254741500013 ER PT J AU Clarke, SE Burnett, KM Miller, DJ AF Clarke, Sharon E. Burnett, Kelly M. Miller, Daniel J. TI Modeling streams and hydrogeomorphic attributes in oregon from digital and field data SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE rivers/streams; digital elevation models; watershed management; aquatic ecology; channel morphology; Geographic Information Systems ID ELEVATION MODELS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; LANDSCAPE CHARACTERISTICS; CHANNEL NETWORK; SALMON-HABITAT; SITE SELECTION; RIPARIAN ZONES; DEBRIS FLOWS; ABUNDANCE; RIVER AB Managers, regulators, and researchers of aquatic ecosystems are increasingly pressed to consider large areas. However, accurate stream maps with geo-referenced attributes are uncommon over relevant spatial extents. Field inventories provide high-quality data, particularly for habitat characteristics at fine spatial resolutions (e.g., large wood), but are costly and so cover relatively small areas. Recent availability of regional digital data and Geographic Information Systems software has advanced capabilities to delineate stream networks and estimate coarse-resolution hydrogeomorphic attributes (e.g., gradient). A spatially comprehensive coverage results, but types of modeled outputs may be limited and their accuracy is typically unknown. Capitalizing on strengths in both field and regional digital data, we modeled a synthetic stream network and a variety of hydrogeomorphic attributes for the Oregon Coastal Province. The synthetic network, encompassing 96,000 km of stream, was derived from digital elevation data. We used high-resolution but spatially restricted data from field inventories and streamflow gauges to evaluate, calibrate, and interpret hydrogeomorphic attributes modeled from digital elevation and precipitation data. The attributes we chose to model (drainage area, mean annual precipitation, mean annual flow, probability of perennial flow, channel gradient, active-channel width and depth, valley-floor width, valley-width index, and valley constraint) have demonstrated value for stream research and management. For most of these attributes, field-measured, and modeled values were highly correlated, yielding confidence in the modeled outputs. The modeled stream network and attributes have been used for a variety of purposes, including mapping riparian areas, identifying headwater streams likely to transport debris flows, and characterizing the potential of streams to provide high-quality habitat for salmonids. Our framework and models can be adapted and applied to areas where the necessary field and digital data exist or can be obtained. C1 Roaring Fork Conservancy, Basalt, CO USA. USDA, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. Earth Syst Inst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Clarke, SE (reprint author), Roaring Fork Conservancy, Basalt, CO USA. EM kmburnett@fs.fed.us NR 84 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 459 EP 477 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00175.x PG 19 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 284XP UT WOS:000254741500017 ER PT J AU Vidon, P Dosskey, MG AF Vidon, Philippe Dosskey, Michael G. TI Testing a simple field method for assessing nitrate removal in riparian zones SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE ground water; nitrate removal; riparian zone; riparian management; agricultural streams; Ontario ID FOREST BUFFERS; COASTAL-PLAIN; STREAM; DENITRIFICATION; GROUNDWATER; DYNAMICS; WATERSHEDS; PATTERNS; FLOODPLAIN; HYDROLOGY AB Being able to identify riparian sites that function better for nitrate removal from groundwater is critical to using efficiently the riparian zones for water quality management. For this purpose, managers need a method that is quick, inexpensive, and accurate enough to enable effective management decisions. This study assesses the precision and accuracy of a simple method using three ground water wells and one measurement date for determining nitrate removal characteristics of riparian buffer zones. The method is a scaled-down version of a complex field research method that consists of a large network of wells and piezometers monitored monthly for over two years. Results using the simplified method were compared to those from the reference research method on a date-by-date basis on eight sites covering a wide range of hydrogeomorphic settings. The accuracy of the three-well, 1 day measurement method was relatively good for assessing nitrate concentration depletion across riparian zones, but poor for assessing the distance necessary to achieve a 90% nitrate removal and for estimating water and nitrate fluxes compared to the reference method. The simplified three-well method provides relatively better estimates of water and nitrate fluxes on sites where ground-water flow is parallel to the water table through homogeneous aquifer material, but such conditions may not be geographically widespread. Despite limited overall accuracy, some parameters that are estimated using the simplified method may be useful to water resource managers. Nitrate depletion information may be used to assess the adequacy of existing buffers to achieve nitrate concentration goals for runoff. Estimates of field nitrate runoff and buffer removal fluxes may be adequate for prioritizing management toward sites where riparian buffers are likely to have greater impact on stream water quality. C1 Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Univ Nebraska, Natl Agroforestry Ctr, So Res Stn, US Forest Serv,USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Vidon, P (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Sci, 723 W Michigan St,SL130, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM pvidon@iupui.edu NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 523 EP 534 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00155.x PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 284XP UT WOS:000254741500022 ER PT J AU Hesler, LS Kieckhefer, RW AF Hesler, Louis S. Kieckhefer, Robert W. TI Status of exotic and previously common native coccinellids (Coleoptera) in South Dakota landscapes SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Harmonia axyridis; Scymnus kansanus; Adalia bipunctata; Coccinella transversoguttata richardsoni; Coccinella novemnotata; invasive species ID HARMONIA-AXYRIDIS PALLAS; ASIAN LADY BEETLE; NORTH-AMERICA; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; FIELD OBSERVATIONS; UNITED-STATES; INVASION; ESTABLISHMENT; EASTERN AB In the last two decades, three previously common coccinellids (Adalia bipunetata (L.), Coccinella transversoguttata richardsoni Brown, and Coccinella novemnotata Herbst) have declined in abundance in South Dakota, while two invasive species (Coccinella septempunctata (L.) and Harmonics axyridis (Papas)) have become established there. The objectives of this study were to survey coccinellids in various habitats in South Dakota to better characterize the current coccinellid fauna, determine the extent of exploitation by invasive coccinellids, and possibly identify refuge habitats of previously common coccinellid species. Overall, 2827 coccinellids, comprising 23 species, were collected on yellow sticky traps in field and woody habitats and during timed visual searches in field crops. Adalia bipunctata was found during additional sampling in Butte County in western South Dakota. However, it was not present in samples from eastern and central parts of the state, which is consistent with previous findings that this species is absent from those areas. Coccinella transversoguttata richardsoni and C. novemnotata were absent at all sites sampled. Scymnus kansanus Casey was collected for the first time in South Dakota among arboreal habitats. Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) expanded its geographic range into central South Dakota by 2002 and western South Dakota by 2004. Invasiveness of H. axyridis and C. septempunctata was evident by their presence in a wide variety of habitats surveyed, dominance of larval coccinellid assemblages, and predation upon non-target species of aphids. Harmonia axyridis was the most abundant larval coccinellid in maize and C. septempunctata was the most abundant larval coccinellid in intercropped wheat-alfalfa. Harmonia axyridis preyed upon Stegophylla guercicola (Monell), Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, and Aphis asclepiadis Fitch in the field. Both H. axyridis and C. septempunctata preyed upon Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy) in the field. C1 [Hesler, Louis S.; Kieckhefer, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD USA. RP Hesler, LS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD USA. EM louis.hesler@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 20 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 EI 1937-2353 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 2008 VL 81 IS 1 BP 29 EP 49 DI 10.2317/JKES-704.11.1 PG 21 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 289VW UT WOS:000255083000006 ER PT J AU Royo, AA Bates, R Lacey, EP AF Royo, Alejandro A. Bates, Ramona Lacey, Elizabeth P. TI Demographic constraints in three populations of Lobelia boykinii: a rare wetland endemic SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE breeding system; Carolina bays; demography; endemic; flowering phenology; fungal infection; Lobelia boykinii; pollen limitation; rare plant ID VIABILITY ANALYSES; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; COASTAL-PLAIN; SIZE; CONSERVATION; CONSEQUENCES; RARITY; LIMITATION; DENSITY; GROWTH AB Knowledge about the factors restricting reproduction in many rare wetland plant species is limited. One such species is Lobelia boykinii. We Conducted a Study of L. boykinii to determine which factors most influence its reproductive success. We examined the species' breeding system, Population dynamics, degree of pollen limitation, importance of Sexual versus asexual reproduction, and the role of fungal and herbivore damage on fruit production in three Carolina bay populations in North Carolina, Pollen manipulations revealed that L. boykinii is an obligate outcrosser and that sexual reproduction is pollen-limited. Population size and density, which influence pollinator attraction, can fluctuate greatly over years in the same population. The three populations differed with respects to population size and density, capsule production, vegetative reproduction, and ramet survival, and differences are partially attributable to variation in the degree and timing of herbivory and fungal damage. Herbivory ranged from < 1% to 55% of flowering shoots. Fungal infection decreased fruit production only when it coincided with the period of floral development. Our results indicate that focusing on one ecological factor to prevent extant populations from going extinct is insufficient. Multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence L. boykinii's reproductive success, and populations differ in which factors most strongly influence reproduction. Given this Suite of constraints, management strategies Should include maintaining as many of the largest remnant populations as possible. C1 [Royo, Alejandro A.; Bates, Ramona; Lacey, Elizabeth P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Warren, PA 16329 USA. RP Royo, AA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, POB 267, Warren, PA 16329 USA. EM aroyo@fs.fed.us NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1095-5674 EI 1940-0616 J9 J TORREY BOT SOC JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc. PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 135 IS 2 BP 189 EP 199 DI 10.3159/07-RA-039.1 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 329WB UT WOS:000257900200004 ER PT J AU Tzanetakis, IE Martin, RR AF Tzanetakis, Ioannis E. Martin, Robert R. TI A new method for extraction of double-stranded RNA from plants SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE phenol; chloroform; cloning; blueberry; strawberry; blackberry; raspberry ID STRAWBERRY PALLIDOSIS DISEASE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; VIRUS AB The occurrence of high molecular weight double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in plants is associated with the presence of RNA viruses. DsRNA is stable, can be extracted easily from the majority of plant species and provides an excellent tool for characterization of novel viruses that are recalcitrant to purification. Several protocols have been developed for dsRNA purification, the majority of which are based on extraction with phenol and chloroform. We have developed a protocol for dsRNA extraction based on a lithium salts buffer that does not require organic solvents other than alcohols. The method yields comparable amount of dsRNA to protocols described previously and yields consistently dsRNA from Vaccinium hosts that have been recalcitrant to dsRNA purification using traditional protocols. The quality of the dsRNA purified is such that it can be used for downstream enzymatic reactions including reverse transcription-polyrnerase chain reaction and cloning. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.; Martin, Robert R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Martin, Robert R.] USDA ARS, HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Martin, RR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM itzaneta@uark.edu; martinrr@science.oregonstate.edu RI Tzanetakis, Ioannis/B-9598-2009 NR 15 TC 24 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD APR PY 2008 VL 149 IS 1 BP 167 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.01.014 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 292XZ UT WOS:000255300700024 PM 18313147 ER PT J AU Nol, P Palmer, MV Waters, WR Aldwell, FE Buddle, BM Triantis, JM Linke, LM Phillips, GE Thacker, TC Rhyan, JC Dunbar, MR Salman, MD AF Nol, P. Palmer, M. V. Waters, W. R. Aldwell, F. E. Buddle, B. M. Triantis, J. M. Linke, L. M. Phillips, G. E. Thacker, T. C. Rhyan, J. C. Dunbar, M. R. Salman, M. D. TI Efficacy of oral and parenteral routes of Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination against experimental bovine tuberculosis in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus): A feasibility study SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE BCG; bovine tuberculosis; Mycobacterium bovis; oral vaccination; vaccine; white-tailed deer ID FORMULATION INDUCES RESISTANCE; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; BRUSHTAIL POSSUMS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; BCG VACCINATION; CATTLE; MICE; PATHOLOGY; MICHIGAN; DELIVERY AB We investigated the efficacy of oral and parenteral Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin Danish strain 133.1 (BCG) in its ability to protect white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) against disease caused by M. bovis infection. Twenty-two white-tailed deer were divided into four groups. One group (n = 5) received 10(9) colony-forming units (cfu) BCG via a lipid-formulated oral bait; one group (n = 5) received 10(9) cfu BCG in culture directly to the oropharynx, one group (n = 6) was vaccinated with 10(6) cfu BCG subcutaneously, and one group served as a control and received culture media directly to the oropharynx (n = 6). All animals were challenged 3 mo after vaccination. Five months postchallenge the animals were examined for lesions. Results indicate that both oral forms of BCG and parenterally administerd BCG offered significant protection against M. bovis challenge as compared to controls. This study suggests that oral BCG vaccination may be a feasible means of controlling bovine tuberculosis in wild white-tailed deer populations. C1 [Nol, P.; Phillips, G. E.; Rhyan, J. C.; Dunbar, M. R.] USDA, APHIS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Palmer, M. V.; Waters, W. R.; Thacker, T. C.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Aldwell, F. E.] Univ Otago, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Buddle, B. M.] AgRes, Hopkirk Res Inst, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. [Triantis, J. M.; Linke, L. M.; Salman, M. D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Nol, P (reprint author), USDA, APHIS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM pauline.nol@aphis.usda.gov NR 30 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 247 EP 259 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 296KR UT WOS:000255542600004 PM 18436658 ER PT J AU Rhyan, J Deng, M Wang, H Ward, G Gidlewski, T McCollum, M Metwally, S McKenna, T Wainwright, S Ramirez, A Mebus, C Salman, M AF Rhyan, Jack Deng, Ming Wang, He Ward, Gordon Gidlewski, Thomas McCollum, Matthew Metwally, Samia McKenna, Thomas Wainwright, Sherrilyn Ramirez, Antonio Mebus, Charles Salman, Mo TI Foot-and-mouth disease in North American bison (Bison bison) and elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni): Susceptibility, intra- and interspecies transmission, clinical signs, and lesions SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bison bison; bovidae; cervidae; Cervus elaphus; elk; foot-and-mouth disease; pathology; serology ID BRITISH DEER RED; VIRUS; CATTLE; FALLOW; ROE AB There is limited information about the pathogenesis and epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in North American bison (Bison bison) or elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni). In these two experimental infection studies, we compared the susceptibilities of bison and elk to FMD virus (FMDV), respectively, with that of cattle; determined whether intra- and interspecies transmission could occur in bison and cattle, and elk and cattle; determined suitability of conventional available laboratory tests to detect FMDV infection in bison and elk; and investigated whether bison or elk are efficient long-term carriers of FMDV. In both studies, after a period of acclimation to the containment at Plum Island Animal Disease Center, animals were infected by intraepithelial tongue inoculation with 10,000 bovine tongue infective doses of FMDV, strain 01 Manisa. Inoculated animals were kept with contact animals; subsequently, inoculated and/or exposed contact animals were placed in rooms with unexposed animals. All bison developed oral mucosal and foot lesions similar to those of cattle. Bison developed fever, lameness, inappetence, and ptyalism. Physical examinations on bison revealed numerous small vesicles and erosions affecting tongue, gingiva, muzzle, hard and soft palates, coronary bands, and interdigital skin. Inoculated elk developed transient fever and mild focal tongue and foot lesions. Contact elk developed neither clinical signs nor gross pathologic lesions of FMD. At necropsy, lesions in bison included numerous extensive vesicles, erosions, and/or ulcers in the oral cavities, feet, and rumen pillars depending on the stage of disease. Less extensive oral, foot, and rumen lesions were present in the inoculated elk. All bison and inoculated elk developed antibodies to FMDV and were positive for FMDV by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Transmission occurred between cattle and bison, and bison and bison. It did not occur between elk and cattle. Elk-to-elk transmission studies resulted in only one contact elk developing serologic evidence of a subclinical infection. Other exposed elk developed neither clinical, pathologic, virologic, nor serologic evidence of disease. FMDV was not isolated from animals past 28 days postinfection. C1 [Rhyan, Jack; Gidlewski, Thomas; McCollum, Matthew] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Deng, Ming; Wang, He; Ward, Gordon; Metwally, Samia; McKenna, Thomas; Wainwright, Sherrilyn; Ramirez, Antonio; Mebus, Charles] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, New York, NY 11957 USA. [Salman, Mo] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Rhyan, J (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jack.c.rhyan@aphis.usda.gov NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 269 EP 279 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 296KR UT WOS:000255542600006 PM 18436660 ER PT J AU Hanson, BA Luttrell, MP Goekjian, VH Niles, L Swayne, DE Senne, DA Stallknecht, DE AF Hanson, B. A. Luttrell, M. P. Goekjian, V. H. Niles, L. Swayne, D. E. Senne, D. A. Stallknecht, D. E. TI Is the occurrence of avian influenza virus in Charadriiformes species and location dependent? SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza virus; Charadriiformes; Delaware Bay; Ruddy Turnstone; shorebird ID WILD AQUATIC BIRDS; A VIRUSES; HEMAGGLUTININ SUBTYPE; RESIDENT DUCKS; NORTH-AMERICA; FERAL BIRDS; WATERFOWL; PARAMYXOVIRUSES; SHOREBIRDS; GULLS AB Birds in the order Charadriiformes were sampled at multiple sites in the eastern half of the continental USA, as well as at Argentina, Chile, and Bermuda, during 1999-2005, and tested for avian influenza virus (AIV). Of more than 9,400 birds sampled, AIV virus was isolated from 290 birds. Although Ruddy Turnstones (Arenaria interpres) comprised just 25% of birds sampled, they accounted for 87% of isolates. Only eight AIV isolations were made from birds at four locations outside of the Delaware Bay, USA, region; six of these were from gulls (Laridae). At Delaware Bay, AIV isolations were predominated by hemagglutinin (HA) subtype H10, but subtype diversity varied each year. These results suggest that AIV infection among shorebirds (Scolopacidae) may be localized, species specific, and highly variable in relation to AIV subtype diversity. C1 [Hanson, B. A.; Luttrell, M. P.; Goekjian, V. H.; Stallknecht, D. E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Niles, L.] New Jersey Div Fish & Wildlife, Endangered & Nongame Species Program, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. [Swayne, D. E.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Senne, D. A.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Vet Serv Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Hanson, BA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dstall@vet.uga.edu NR 38 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 351 EP 361 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 296KR UT WOS:000255542600013 PM 18436667 ER PT J AU Hall, JS Minnis, RB Campbell, TA Barras, S DeYoung, RW Pabilonia, K Avery, ML Sullivan, H Clark, L McLean, RG AF Hall, Jeffrey S. Minnis, Richard B. Campbell, Tyler A. Barras, Scoff DeYoung, Randy W. Pabilonia, Kristy Avery, Michael L. Sullivan, Heather Clark, Larry McLean, Robert G. TI Influenza exposure in United States feral swine populations SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza; feral swine; serosurvey; swine influenza ID A VIRUSES; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; PIGS; TRANSMISSION; REASSORTMENT; EVOLUTION; TURKEYS AB Swine play an important role in the disease ecology of influenza. Having cellular receptors in common with birds and humans, swine provide opportunities for mixed infections and potential for genetic reassortment between avian, human, and porcine influenza. Feral swine populations are rapidly expanding in both numbers and range and are increasingly coming into contact with waterfowl, humans, and agricultural operations. In this study, over 875 feral swine were sampled from six states across the United States for serologic evidence of exposure to influenza. In Oklahoma, Florida, and Missouri, USA, no seropositive feral swine were detected. Seropositive swine were detected in California, Mississippi, and Texas, USA. Antibody prevalences in these states were 1% in Mississippi, 5% in California, and 14.4% in Texas. All seropositive swine were exposed to H3N2 subtype, the predominant subtype currently circulating in domestic swine. The only exceptions were in San Saba County, Texas, where of the 15 seropositive samples, four were positive for H1N1 and seven for both H1N1 and H3N2. In Texas, there was large geographical and temporal variation in antibody prevalence and no obvious connection to domestic swine operations. No evidence of exposure to avian influenza in feral swine was uncovered. From these results it is apparent that influenza in feral swine poses a risk primarily to swine production operations. However, because feral swine share habitat with waterfowl, prey on and scavenge dead and dying birds, are highly mobile, and are increasingly coming into contact with humans, the potential for these animals to become infected with avian or human influenza in addition to swine influenza is a distinct possibility. C1 [Hall, Jeffrey S.; Sullivan, Heather; Clark, Larry; McLean, Robert G.] USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Minnis, Richard B.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Campbell, Tyler A.] USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Barras, Scoff] USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Moseley, VA 23120 USA. [DeYoung, Randy W.] Texas A&I Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Pabilonia, Kristy] Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Avery, Michael L.] USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. RP Hall, JS (reprint author), USGS, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM jshall@usgs.gov OI Hall, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5599-2826 NR 30 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 10 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 362 EP 368 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 296KR UT WOS:000255542600014 PM 18436668 ER PT J AU Chen, CC Pei, KJC Liao, MH Mortenson, JA AF Chen, Chen-Chih Pei, Kurtis Jai-Chyi Liao, Ming-Huei Mortenson, Jack A. TI Canine distemper virus in wild ferret-badgers of Taiwan SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE canine distemper virus; carnivores; domestic dogs; Melogale moschata subauantiaca; Taiwan ferret-badgers ID MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTIONS; TERRESTRIAL CARNIVORES; PAGUMA-LARVATA; DOGS AB Canine distemper is an acute or subacute, highly contagious, febrile disease that is caused by canine distemper virus (CDV). Two CDV-infected wild Taiwan ferret-badgers (Melogale moschata subauantiaca) were found in Kaohsiung County, southern Taiwan, in 2005. Each case was confirmed by detecting CDV RNA in lung and brain tissues. A suspected third case was detected based on clinical signs and histology. These cases are the first record of wildlife infected by CDV in Taiwan. It is believed that domestic dogs or coexisting wild carnivores infected with the virus were the most likely source, and a serologic survey is needed to fully understand the host range of this virus in Taiwan. In addition, further genetic sequencing is needed to determine the source of these CDV cases. C1 [Pei, Kurtis Jai-Chyi] Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Wildlife Conservat, Neipu 91201, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Chen, Chen-Chih] Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Pingtung Rescue Ctr Endangered Wild Anim, Neipu 91201, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Liao, Ming-Huei] Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Vet Med, Neipu 91201, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Mortenson, Jack A.] Vet Serv, USDA, Salem, OR 97301 USA. RP Pei, KJC (reprint author), Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Wildlife Conservat, Neipu 91201, Pingtung, Taiwan. EM kcjpei@mail.npust.edu.tw NR 20 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD APR PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 440 EP 445 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 296KR UT WOS:000255542600022 PM 18436676 ER PT J AU Buehler, DA Giocomo, JJ Jones, J Hamel, PB Rogers, CM Beachy, TA Varble, DW Nicholson, CP Roth, KL Barg, J Robertson, RJ Robb, JR Islam, K AF Buehler, David A. Giocomo, James J. Jones, Jason Hamel, Paul B. Rogers, Christopher M. Beachy, Tiffany A. Varble, Dustin W. Nicholson, Charles P. Roth, Kirk L. Barg, Jennifer Robertson, Raleigh J. Robb, Joseph R. Islam, Kamal TI Cerulean warbler reproduction, survival, and models of population decline SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cerulean warbler; demography; Dendroica cerulea; fecundity; population model; survival ID NEST PREDATION; COASTAL CALIFORNIA; DENDROICA-CERULEA; MIGRATORY BIRDS; SUCCESS; GROWTH; SONGBIRD; ONTARIO AB We present and compare demographic data for cerulean warblers (Dendroica cerulea) from 5 study sites across the range of the species from 1992 to 2006. We conducted field studies to collect data on daily nest survival, nest success, and young fledged per successful nest, and we used data to estimate fecundity. Daily nest survival, nest success, young fledged, and fecundity varied widely across the cerulean range and among years. Study sites in agriculture-dominated landscapes (Mississippi Alluvial Valley, IN, and MI, USA) had negative growth rates in all years monitored because measured values of nest success and young produced per successful nest were incapable of offsetting apparent mortality. Ontario (Canada) and Tennessee (USA) populations had greater nest success and fecundity but still appeared to be incapable of producing stable populations (lambda = 1) under field-measured and assumed conditions. We had survival data only for one site (Ontario); thus, additional survival data are greatly needed to enable more reliable estimates of population growth. Conservation strategies for cerulean warblers in agriculture-dominated landscapes (e.g., Mississippi Alluvial Valley, IN, and MI) may require major landscape-level habitat reconfiguration to change agriculture-dominated landscapes to forest-dominated landscapes to increase fecundity. Conservation strategies in predominantly forested landscapes in the core of the range (e.g., TN) require a focus on minimizing habitat loss and developing management prescriptions capable of improving fecundity. In both cases, based on sensitivity and elasticity analyses, efforts to improve survival during the nonbreeding season would have the greatest positive effect on population growth. C1 [Buehler, David A.; Giocomo, James J.; Beachy, Tiffany A.; Varble, Dustin W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Fisheries & Wildlife, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Jones, Jason] Vassar Coll, Dept Biol, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 USA. [Hamel, Paul B.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rogers, Christopher M.] Wichita State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. [Nicholson, Charles P.] Tennessee Valley Author, Knoxville, TN USA. [Barg, Jennifer] Upper Valley Humane Soc, Enfield, NH USA. [Robertson, Raleigh J.] Queens Univ, Dept Biol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Robb, Joseph R.] Big Oaks Natl Wildlife Refuge, Madison, IN USA. [Islam, Kamal] Ball State Univ, Dept Biol, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. RP Buehler, DA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Fisheries & Wildlife, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM dbuebler@utk.edu NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 34 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD APR PY 2008 VL 72 IS 3 BP 646 EP 653 DI 10.2193/2006-339 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 280GD UT WOS:000254412800010 ER PT J AU Harper, EK Paul, WJ Mech, LD Weisberg, S AF Harper, Elizabeth K. Paul, William J. Mech, L. David Weisberg, Sanford TI Effectiveness of lethal, directed wolf-depredation control in Minnesota SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canis lupus; control; depredations; livestock; management; Minnesota; wolf ID CATTLE; PREDATION; LIVESTOCK; ALBERTA AB Wolf (Canis lupus) depredations on livestock in Minnesota, USA, are an economic problem for many livestock producers, and depredating wolves are lethally controlled. We sought to determine the effectiveness of lethal control through the analysis of data from 923 government-verified wolf depredations from 1979 to 1998. We analyzed the data by 1) assessing the correlations between the number of wolves killed in response to depredations with number of depredations the following year at state and local levels, and 2) the time to the next depredation. No analysis indicated that trapping wolves substantially reduced the following year's depredations at state or local levels. However, more specific analyses indicated that in certain situations, killing wolves was more effective than no action (i.e., not trapping). For example, trapping and killing adult males decreased the re-depredation risk. At sheep farms, killing wolves was generally effective. Attempting to trap, regardless of the results, seemed more effective at reducing depredations than not trapping, suggesting that mere human activity near depredation sites might deter future depredations. C1 [Harper, Elizabeth K.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Paul, William J.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Insepect Serv Wildlife Serv, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Mech, L. David] United States Geol Survey, Prairie & No Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestowm, ND 58401 USA. [Weisberg, Sanford] Univ Minnesota, Sch Stat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Harper, EK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 1980 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mechx002@umn.edu OI Weisberg, Sanford/0000-0002-1141-6699 NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 40 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD APR PY 2008 VL 72 IS 3 BP 778 EP 784 DI 10.2193/2007-273 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 280GD UT WOS:000254412800026 ER PT J AU Munoz-Igualada, J Shivik, JA Dominguez, FG Lara, J Gonzalez, LM AF Munoz-Igualada, Jaime Shivik, John A. Dominguez, Francisco G. Lara, Jose Gonzalez, Luis Mariano TI Evaluation of cage-trips and cable restraint devices to capture red foxes in Spain SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Belisle; cable restraint; cage-trap; Collarum; fox; Vulpes vulpes ID FOOTHOLD TRAPS; VULPES-VULPES; COYOTES; INJURIES; SLOVENIA AB A growing international concern for the welfare of animals, combined with the need to capture and handle specific species for conservation, management, or recreational purposes, is increasing the need for scientific evaluation of capture methods. We evaluated the efficiency, selectivity, and injury of cable restraint devices and cage-traps for capture of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in 4 sites of Castilla y Leon (Spain) during spring of 2006. All traps performed similarly at all sites, with no apparent site and trap interactions. Fox capture rates and mechanical efficiencies of the Belisle (R) (Edouard Belisle, Saint Veronique, PQ, Canada) and Collarum (R) (Wildlife Control Supplies, East Granby, CT; mention of product names does not infer endorsement) were similar, but both had higher capture rates than the cage-trap. Similar to previous studies, the Collarum was 100% selective for canids and had a selectivity of 94.4 overall, which was higher than that for the Belisle (63.4); both Collarum and Belisle were much more selective than the cage-trap (21.4). Fox injuries were statistically indistinguishable using injury scores, but the Collarum and the Belisle surpassed international standards for humane trapping; an insufficient number of animals were captured in cage-traps to allow evaluation. Both the Collarum and the Belisle may be useful for the capture of foxes in Spain, but training and experience with each may be necessary to ensure the highest efficiency while preventing injuries, especially to nontarget species. C1 [Munoz-Igualada, Jaime] Div Serv Medioambientales, E-28001 Madrid, Spain. [Shivik, John A.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Dominguez, Francisco G.; Gonzalez, Luis Mariano] Minst Medio Ambiente, Direc Gen Para Biodiversidad, Serv Especies Amenazadas, E-28005 Madrid, Spain. [Lara, Jose] Consejeria Med Ambiente, Serv Caza & Pesca, E-47014 Valladolid, Spain. RP Munoz-Igualada, J (reprint author), Div Serv Medioambientales, Velazquez 36, E-28001 Madrid, Spain. EM john.shivik@aphis.usda.gov NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 17 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD APR PY 2008 VL 72 IS 3 BP 830 EP 836 DI 10.2193/2007-198 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 280GD UT WOS:000254412800033 ER PT J AU Cairns, DM Lafon, CW Waldron, JD Tchakerian, M Coulson, RN Klepzig, KD Birt, AG Xi, W AF Cairns, David M. Lafon, Charles W. Waldron, John D. Tchakerian, Maria Coulson, Robert N. Klepzig, Kier D. Birt, Andrew G. Xi, Weimin TI Simulating the reciprocal interaction of forest landscape structure and southern pine beetle herbivory using LANDIS SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE disturbance; LANDIS; BDA; insect outbreak; Table Mountain pine ID APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; SPATIAL AGGREGATION; FIRE; DYNAMICS; DISTURBANCE; DIVERSITY; OUTBREAK; ECOLOGY; PATTERN AB The reciprocal interaction of landscape structure and ecological processes is a cornerstone of modern landscape ecology. We use a simulation model to show how landscape structure and herbivory interact to influence outbreaks of southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann) in a landscape representative of the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA. We use LANDIS and its biological disturbance agent module to simulate the effects of landscape composition (proportion of landscape in host area) and host aggregation on the size and severity of insect outbreaks and the persistence of the host species, Table Mountain Pine (Pinus pungens Lamb.). We find that landscape composition is less important in the modeled landscapes than host aggregation in structuring the severity of insect outbreaks. Also, simulated southern pine beetle outbreaks over time tend to decrease the aggregation of host species on the landscape by fragmenting large patches into smaller ones, thereby reducing the severity of future outbreaks. Persistence of Table Mountain pine decreases throughout all simulations regardless of landscape structure. The results of this study indicate that when considering alternative restoration strategies for insect-affected landscapes, it is necessary to consider the patterns of hosts on the landscape as well as the landscape composition. C1 [Cairns, David M.; Lafon, Charles W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Waldron, John D.] Univ W Florida, Dept Environm Studies, Ft Walton Beach, FL 32547 USA. [Tchakerian, Maria; Coulson, Robert N.; Birt, Andrew G.; Xi, Weimin] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, Knowledge Engn Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Klepzig, Kier D.] USDA, Forest Serv So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Cairns, DM (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM cairns@tamu.edu RI Lundquist, John/B-6433-2012; Cairns, David/F-3395-2014 OI Cairns, David/0000-0003-4110-196X NR 45 TC 16 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 23 IS 4 BP 403 EP 415 DI 10.1007/s10980-008-9198-7 PG 13 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 277YK UT WOS:000254250400004 ER PT J AU Donner, DM Probst, JR Ribic, CA AF Donner, Deahn M. Probst, John R. Ribic, Christine A. TI Influence of habitat amount, arrangement, and use on population trend estimates of male Kirtland's warblers SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Kirtland's warbler; population trend; generalized additive model; spatial dispersion; landscape structure; habitat limitation ID NORTHERN LOWER MICHIGAN; MIGRATORY BIRDS; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; LANDSCAPE ECOSYSTEMS; SUITABLE HABITAT; CONSERVATION; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS; SELECTION; DYNAMICS AB Kirtland's warblers (Dendroica kirtlandii) persist in a naturally patchy environment of young, regenerating jack pine forests (i.e., 5-23 years old) created after wildfires and human logging activities. We examined how changing landscape structure from 26 years of forest management and wildfire disturbances influenced population size and spatial dispersion of male Kirtland's warblers within their restricted breeding range in northern Lower Michigan, USA. The male Kirtland's warbler population was six times larger in 2004 (1,322) compared to 1979 (205); the change was nonlinear with 1987 and 1994 identified as significant points of change. In 1987, the population trend began increasing after a slowly declining trend prior to 1987, and the rate of increase appeared to slow after 1994. Total amount of suitable habitat and the relative area of wildfire-regenerated habitat were the most important factors explaining population trend. Suitable habitat increased 149% primarily due to increasing plantations from forest management. The relative amount and location of wildfire-regenerated habitat modified the distribution of males among various habitat types, and the spatial variation in their abundance across the primary breeding range. These findings indicate that the Kirtland's warbler male population shifted its use of habitat types temporally and spatially as the population increased and as the relative availability of habitats changed through time. We demonstrate that researchers and managers need to consider not only habitat quality, but the temporal and the spatial context of habitat availability and population levels when making habitat restoration decisions. C1 [Donner, Deahn M.; Probst, John R.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54529 USA. [Ribic, Christine A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, US Geol Survey Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Un, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Donner, DM (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, WI 54529 USA. EM ddonnerwright@fs.fed.us NR 50 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 23 IS 4 BP 467 EP 480 DI 10.1007/s10980-008-9208-9 PG 14 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 277YK UT WOS:000254250400009 ER PT J AU Wells, JE Varel, VH AF Wells, J. E. Varel, V. H. TI Viability of zoonotic pathogens Escherichia coli and Salmonella in swine manure slurries with and without a urease inhibitor and thymol SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE E. coli O157 : H7; manure; Salmonella enterica; swine; Typhimurium; urea ID DRIED SKIM MILK; LIVESTOCK WASTE; CATTLE MANURE; EMISSIONS; NITROGEN; CARBONATE; AGENTS; DIETS; PIGS; OILS AB Aims: To determine the effects of urine, a urease inhibitor and/or an odour-reducing antimicrobial compound, on zoonotic pathogens in swine manure slurries. Methods and Results: Swine faeces were collected and blended with different amounts of urine. Marker strains of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were inoculated into the manure slurries with or without the urease inhibitor, N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide, or the antimicrobial compound thymol. In slurries containing approximately 1 : 1 or 2 : 1 of urine and faeces, the decreases in colony forming units (CFU) of Salm. Typhimurium and E. coli were similar and few counts were observed after 14 days. When the urine content of the slurry was increased to 5 : 1, both strains died off rapidly. When NBPT was added to the slurries, pathogen CFU was not affected in the 1 : 1 slurry. The 2 : 1 and 5 : 1 slurries had higher urea content and NBPT increased CFU of both pathogens. Thymol addition rapidly killed the pathogens and few CFU of Salmonella or E. coli were observed after day 1. Conclusions: These experiments demonstrate that urea hydrolysis in swine manure affects pathogens. Inhibition of urea hydrolysis may promote pathogen viability. Significance and Impact of the Study: Manure amendments that prevent urea hydrolysis may promote pathogen persistence. Additional treatments with antimicrobials may be required to kill pathogens. C1 [Wells, J. E.; Varel, V. H.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Wells, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM jim.wells@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 46 IS 4 BP 477 EP 482 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02338.x PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 277DJ UT WOS:000254192600010 PM 18298450 ER PT J AU Meinersmann, RJ Berrang, ME Jackson, CR Fedorka-Cray, P Ladely, S Little, E Frye, JG Mattsson, BJ AF Meinersmann, R. J. Berrang, M. E. Jackson, C. R. Fedorka-Cray, P. Ladely, S. Little, E. Frye, J. G. Mattsson, B. J. TI Salmonella, Campylobacter and Enterococcus spp.: Their antimicrobial resistance profiles and their spatial relationships in a synoptic study of the Upper Oconee River basin SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLEX PCR; BACTERIA; JEJUNI; IDENTIFICATION; COLI; DIFFERENTIATION; WATERBORNE; RUNOFF; REGION AB Rivers may serve as reservoirs for enteric organisms. Very little is known about the boundaries of microbial communities in moving bodies of water so this study was undertaken to find the limits of distribution of some bacteria, focusing on enteric organisms. The presence of Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Enterococcus spp. and the antimicrobial resistance phenotypes carried by these organisms was evaluated for the Upper Oconee River basin, a small river in the lower Piedmont of northeastern Georgia, USA. Samples were obtained from 83 sites during a 3h period on a spring day (April 2005) in an approximately 30 x 20 km region. Campylobacter spp. was isolated at 12 sites. The Campylobacter isolates from three sites were resistant to tetracycline. Of the five short-variable region (SVR) subtypes of Campylobacter that were found, three were found at more than one site, two types were found twice, and one subtype was found three times. Enterococcus was isolated at 71 sites. E. casseliflavus was the most common species. Based on species identification and antimicrobial resistance patterns, 24 types of Enterococcus were found. Salmonella was isolated from 62 sites. Of the 19 Salmonella serovars that were isolated, serovar Muenchen accounted for about 20% of the isolates. The next three most common serovars isolated, Rubislaw, Hartford, and Give, accounted for about 44% of the river isolates. Antimicrobial resistance profiling offered limited differentiation of Salmonella isolates because only seven isolates were resistant to any antimicrobial. The sites at which Salmonella, Campylobacter, or Enterococcus were isolated did not correlate with each other or with the total coliform number or Escherichia coli count for the site. However, isolates of some of the same species and type occurred in clusters that were restricted to areas within 5 to 6 km. C1 [Meinersmann, R. J.; Berrang, M. E.; Jackson, C. R.; Fedorka-Cray, P.; Ladely, S.; Frye, J. G.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Little, E.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mattsson, B. J.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Meinersmann, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM Rick.Meinersmann@ars.usda.gov RI Frye, Jonathan/I-6382-2013; Mattsson, Brady/K-1688-2015 OI Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395; Mattsson, Brady/0000-0002-3182-9538 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 444 EP 452 DI 10.1007/s00248-007-9290-6 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 274IM UT WOS:000253995000008 PM 17687594 ER PT J AU Edrington, TS Callaway, TR Hallford, DM Chen, L Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ AF Edrington, Tom S. Callaway, Todd R. Hallford, Dennis M. Chen, Liang Anderson, Robin C. Nisbet, David J. TI Effects of exogenous melatonin and tryptophan on fecal shedding of E-coli O157 : H7 in cattle SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS; PINEALECTOMIZED RATS; DIURNAL-VARIATION; PINEAL-GLAND; LOCALIZATION; TISSUES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SALMONELLA AB Fecal prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in ruminants is highest in the summer decreasing to very low levels in the winter. We hypothesize that this seasonal variation is a result of physiological responses within the host animal to changing day-length. To determine the effects of melatonin (MEL) on fecal shedding of E. coli O157: H7 in cattle, eight crossbred beef steers identified as shedding E. coli O157: H7, were allotted to treatment: control or MEL (0.5 mg/kg body weight (BW); 1x) administered orally daily for 7 days. After a 5-day period of no treatment, a second MEL dose (5.0 mg/kg BW; 10x) was administered daily for 4 days. Fecal samples were collected daily for qualification of E. coli O157: H7. No differences (P > 0.10) were observed in the percentage of E. coli O157: H7 positive fecal samples in steers receiving the 1x MEL dose, however the 10x dose decreased (P=0.05) the percentage of fecal samples E. coli O157: H7 positive. Serum MEL concentrations were higher in the 1x, but not 10x, treated animals compared to control animals. Although it is difficult to explain, this may be a result of decreasing day-length increasing serum melatonin concentrations that may have masked any treatment effect on serum melatonin. In a second similar experiment, a second group of cattle (heifers and steers) were administered tryptophan (TRP) over a 17-day experimental period (5 g/head/day for 10 days followed by 10 g/head/day for 7 days). Tryptophan had no effect (P > 0.20) on the percentage of fecal samples positive for E. coli O157. Serum TRP (P < 0.05), but not MEL (P > 0.20), concentrations were elevated in TRP-treated animals. The decrease in the number of positive fecal samples observed in the first experiment, may be related to gastrointestinal MEL, affected by the 10x, but not 1x MEL dose. C1 [Edrington, Tom S.; Callaway, Todd R.; Anderson, Robin C.; Nisbet, David J.] USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Hallford, Dennis M.; Chen, Liang] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Edrington, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM edrington@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 553 EP 560 DI 10.1007/s00248-007-9300-8 PG 8 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 274IM UT WOS:000253995000018 PM 17874261 ER PT J AU Bearson, BL Bearson, SMD AF Bearson, Bradley L. Bearson, Shawn M. D. TI The role of the QseC quorum-sensing sensor kinase in colonization and norepinephrine-enhanced motility of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; Quorum sensing; Colonization; Swine; Motility ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; NEUROENDOCRINE HORMONE NOREPINEPHRINE; CATECHOLAMINE-INDUCED GROWTH; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; III SECRETION SYSTEM; GENE-EXPRESSION; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; ADRENERGIC-RECEPTOR; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; COMMUNICATION AB Transcriptional analysis of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) in the presence of the mammalian hormone norepinephrine revealed Up-regulation of genes in the flagellar and chemotaxis regulon. Motility assays confirmed enhanced motility of wild-type S. Typhimurium in the presence of norepinephrine that Could be blocked by the alpha-adrenergic antagonist, phentolamine. Furthermore, a mutation in the qseC gene, encoding the sensor kinase of the two-component QseBC quorum-sensing system, also diminished motility of S. Typhimurium. To investigate the role of S. Typhimurium QseC in vivo, 13-week old pigs were intranasally inoculated with equal concentrations (1 x 10(9) CFU) of wild-type S. Typhimurium and a qseC mutant. Over a 1-week competitive index experiment, the qseC mutant displayed decreased colonization of the gastrointestinal tract compared to the wild-type parent strain. Thus, this study has identified a role for the QseBC quorum-sensing signal transduction system in motility and swine colonization of S. Typhimurium. Cross-talk between cell-cell communication systems in Salmonella (quorum sensing) and host hormones may explain opportunistic behaviors of the pathogen, such as immune evasion and stress-induced recrudescence of Salmonella, during fluctuations of host hormone levels. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bearson, Bradley L.] ARS, Swine Odor & Manure Management Res Unit, USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bearson, Shawn M. D.] ARS, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bearson, BL (reprint author), ARS, Swine Odor & Manure Management Res Unit, USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brad.bearson@ars.usda.gov; shawn.bearson@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 95 Z9 98 U1 4 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD APR PY 2008 VL 44 IS 4 BP 271 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2007.10.001 PG 8 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 396KQ UT WOS:000262591000002 PM 17997077 ER PT J AU Mano, Y Omori, F Kindiger, B Takahashi, H AF Mano, Yoshiro Omori, Fumie Kindiger, Bryan Takahashi, Hidekazu TI A linkage map of maize x teosinte Zea luxurians and identification of QTLs controlling root aerenchyma formation SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE aerenchyma; flooding; quantitative trait locus; recombination suppression; root-deficient; teosinte ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; WHEAT TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; SMALL PARTIAL PRESSURES; MAYS L.; ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS; MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES; WATERLOGGING TOLERANCE; SEGREGATION DISTORTION; FLOODING CONDITIONS; GENETIC-ANALYSIS AB The objectives of this study were to construct a linkage map and identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling root aerenchyma formation in drained soil conditions using 195 F-2 individuals derived from a cross between maize inbred line B73 x teosinte Zea luxurians. A 107 SSR marker based map covering 1,331 cM across all ten chromosomes was developed. One significant difference between the parents utilized in the study was that under non-flooding conditions, B73 exhibits a minor capacity to develop root aerenchyma, whereas Z. luxurians exhibits a high tendency to form aerenchyma. Linkage analysis indicated segregation distortion regions on chromosomes 2, 4 and 8, and severe recombination suppression on the long arm of chromosome 4. Multiple interval mapping analysis suggests that five QTLs for aerenchyma formation in non-flooding conditions are located on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, 9 and 10, and these explained 36.3% of the total phenotyphic variance. The Z. luxurians alleles in all five QTLs increased the capacity to form aerenchyma and the locations of these QTLs did not overlap those previously identified in the teosinte Z. nicaraguensis. By transferring aerenchyma-forming QTLs from both Z. luxurians and Z. nicaraguensis, it may be possible to pyramid these genes and develop a maize line with exceptional aerenchyma formation and a high level of tolerance to flooding conditions. C1 [Mano, Yoshiro; Omori, Fumie] Natl Inst Livestock & Grassland Sci, Forage Crop Breeding Res Team, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 3292793, Japan. [Kindiger, Bryan] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Takahashi, Hidekazu] Akita Prefectural Univ, Fac Bioresource Sci, Akita 0100195, Japan. RP Mano, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Livestock & Grassland Sci, Forage Crop Breeding Res Team, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 3292793, Japan. EM mano@affrc.go.jp OI Kindiger, Bryan/0000-0002-2938-3653 NR 58 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD APR PY 2008 VL 21 IS 3 BP 327 EP 337 DI 10.1007/s11032-007-9132-8 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 267SF UT WOS:000253528800006 ER PT J AU Chen, CX Cai, SB Bai, GH AF Chen, Cui-Xia Cai, Shi-Bin Bai, Gui-Hua TI A major QTL controlling seed dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting resistance on chromosome 4A in a Chinese wheat landrace SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE triticum aestivum; PHS resistance; wheat seed dormancy; SSR marker; QTL mapping ID BREAD-WHEAT; GRAIN COLOR; ABSCISIC-ACID; SENSITIVITY; TOLERANCE; GERMINATION; EMBRYO; CROSS; ABA AB Wheat pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) can cause significant reduction in yield and end-use quality of wheat grains in many wheat-growing areas worldwide. To identify a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for PHS resistance in wheat, seed dormancy and sprouting of matured spikes were investigated in a population of 162 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between the white PHS-resistant Chinese landrace Totoumai A and the white PHS-susceptible cultivar Siyang 936. Following screening of 1,125 SSR primers, 236 were found to be polymorphic between parents, and were used to screen the mapping population. Both seed dormancy and PHS of matured spikes were evaluated by the percentage of germinated kernels under controlled moist conditions. Twelve SSR markers associated with both PHS and seed dormancy were located on the long arm of chromosome 4A. One QTL for both seed dormancy and PHS resistance was detected on chromosome 4AL. Two SSR markers, Xbarc 170 and Xgwm 397, are 9.14 cM apart, and flanked the QTL that explained 28.3% of the phenotypic variation for seed dormancy and 30.6% for PHS resistance. This QTL most likely contributed to both long seed dormancy period and enhanced PHS resistance. Therefore, this QTL is most likely responsible for both seed dormancy and PHS resistance. The SSR markers linked to the QTL can be used for marker-assisted selection of PHS-resistant white wheat cultivars. C1 [Bai, Gui-Hua] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Cui-Xia] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Cai, Shi-Bin] Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Food Crop Inst, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China. [Cai, Shi-Bin] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM guihua.bai@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 35 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD APR PY 2008 VL 21 IS 3 BP 351 EP 358 DI 10.1007/s11032-007-9135-5 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 267SF UT WOS:000253528800008 ER PT J AU Jia, Y Martin, R AF Jia, Yulin Martin, Rodger TI Identification of a new locus, Ptr(t), required for rice blast resistance gene Pi-ta-mediated resistance SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE disease resistance ID PLANT-DISEASE RESISTANCE; AVIRULENCE GENE; NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING; PTO KINASE; CONFERRING RESISTANCE; PHYSICAL INTERACTION; UNITED-STATES; CROSSING-OVER; REPEAT CLASS; ARABIDOPSIS AB Resistance to the blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae is proposed to be initiated by physical binding of a putative cytoplasmic receptor encoded by a nucleotide binding site-type resistance gene, Pi-ta, to the processed elicitor encoded by the corresponding avirulence gene AVR-Pita. Here, we report the identification of a new locus, Ptr(t), that is required for Pi-ta-mediated signal recognition. A Pi-ta-expressing susceptible mutant was identified using a genetic screen. Putative mutations at Ptr(t) do not alter recognition specificity to another resistance gene, Pi-k(s), in the Pi-ta homozygote, indicating that Ptr(t) is more likely specific to Pi- ta-mediated signal recognition. Genetic crosses of Pi-ta Ptr(t) and Pi-ta ptr(t) homozygotes suggest that Ptr(t) segregates as a single dominant nuclear gene. A ratio of 1:1 (resistant/susceptible) of a population of BC1 of Pi-ta Ptr(t) with pi-ta ptr(t) homozygotes indicates that Pi-ta and Ptr(t) are linked and cosegregate. Genotyping of mutants of pi-ta ptr(t) and Pi-ta Ptr(t) homozygotes using ten simple sequence repeat markers at the Pi-ta region determined that Pi-ta and Ptr(t) are located within a 9-megabase region and are of indica origin. Identification of Ptr(t) is a significant advancement in studying Pi-ta-mediated signal recognition and transduction. C1 [Jia, Yulin; Martin, Rodger] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Jia, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM Yulin.Jia@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 32 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD APR PY 2008 VL 21 IS 4 BP 396 EP 403 DI 10.1094/MPMI-21-4-0396 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 275EV UT WOS:000254055600003 PM 18321185 ER PT J AU Wubben, MJE Jin, J Baum, TJ AF Wubben, Martin John Evers Jin, Jing Baum, Thomas Josef TI Cyst nematode parasitism of Arabidopsis thaliana is inhibited by salicylic acid (SA) and elicits uncoupled SA-independent pathogenesis-related gene expression in roots SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; MUTANTS; INDUCTION; MUTATION; DEFENSE; SCREEN; LEADS; NPR1 AB Compatible plant-nematode interactions involve the formation of an elaborate feeding site within the host root that requires the evasion of plant defense mechanisms by the parasite. Little is known regarding plant defense signaling pathways that limit nematode parasitism during a compatible interaction. Therefore, we utilized Arabidopsis thaliana mutants perturbed in salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis or signal transduction to investigate the role of SA in inhibiting parasitism by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. We determined that SA-deficient mutants (sid2-1, pad4-1, and NahG) exhibited increased susceptibility to H. schachtii. In contrast, SA-treated wild-type plants showed decreased H. schachtii susceptibility. The npr1-2 and npr1-3 mutants, which are impaired in SA signaling, also showed increased susceptibility to H. schachtii, whereas the npr1-suppressor mutation sni1 showed decreased susceptibility. Constitutive pathogenesis-related (PR) gene-expressing mutants (cpr1 and cpr6) did not show altered susceptibility to H. schachtii; however, constitutive PR gene expression was restricted to cpr1 shoots with wild-type levels of PR-1 transcript present in cprl roots. Furthermore, we determined that H. schachtii infection elicits SA-independent PR-2 and PR-5 induction in wild-type roots, while PR-1 transcript and total SA levels remained unaltered. This was in contrast to shoots of infected plants where PR-1 transcript abundance and total SA levels were elevated. We conclude that SA acts via NPR1 to inhibit nematode parasitism which, in turn, is negatively regulated by SNI1 Our results show an inverse correlation between root basal PR-1 expression and plant susceptibility to H. schachtii and suggest that successful cyst nematode parasitism may involve a local suppression of SA signaling in roots. C1 [Wubben, Martin John Evers] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Jin, Jing; Baum, Thomas Josef] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wubben, MJE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Martin.Wubben@ars.usda.gov; tbaum@iastate.edu NR 40 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD APR PY 2008 VL 21 IS 4 BP 424 EP 432 DI 10.1094/MPMI-21-4-0424 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 275EV UT WOS:000254055600006 PM 18321188 ER PT J AU Hosaka, K Castellano, MA Spatafora, JW AF Hosaka, Kentaro Castellano, Michael A. Spatafora, Joseph W. TI Biogeography of Hysterangiales (Phallomycetidae, Basidiomycota) SO MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ectomycorrhizae; false-truffles; gomphoid-phalloid; mycophagy; phylogeography ID LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICAN; RIBOSOMAL DNA; PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; HYPOGEOUS FUNGI; NEW-ZEALAND; ECTOMYCORRHIZA FORMATION; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AB To understand the biogeography of truffle-like fungi, DNA sequences were analysed from representative taxa of Hysterangiales. Multigene phylogenies and the results of ancestral area reconstructions are consistent with the hypothesis of an Australian, or eastern Gondwanan, origin of Hysterangiales with subsequent range expansions to the Northern Hemisphere. However, neither Northern Hemisphere nor Southern Hemisphere taxa formed a monophyletic group, which is in conflict with a strictly vicariant scenario. Therefore, the occurrence and importance of long-distance dispersal could not be rejected. Although a pre-Gondwanan origin of Hysterangiales remains as a possibility, this hypothesis requires that Hysterangiales exist prior to the origin of the currently recognized ectomycorrhizal plants, as well as the arrival of mycophagous animals in Australia. This also requires that a basal paraphyletic assemblage represents parallel evolution of the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, or that Hysterangiales was mycorrhizal with members of the extinct flora of Gondwana. Regardless, models for both ancient and more recent origins of Hysterangiales are consistent with truffle-like fungi being capable of transoceanic dispersal. (C) 2007 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hosaka, Kentaro; Spatafora, Joseph W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Castellano, Michael A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Hosaka, K (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Cordley Hall 2082, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM khosaka@fieldmuseum.org NR 99 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0953-7562 J9 MYCOL RES JI Mycol. Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 112 BP 448 EP 462 DI 10.1016/j.mycres.2007.06.004 PN 4 PG 15 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 298MX UT WOS:000255692900004 PM 18314317 ER PT J AU Roberts, RG AF Roberts, Rodney G. TI Alternaria undulata, a new species from Citrus sinensis SO MYCOTAXON LA English DT Article DE decay; sporulation pattern AB A new species, A. undulata, is described from fruit of Citrus sinensis (navel orange) imported into USA from Australia. A. undulata was associated with visible lesions that appeared to originate from the peduncular scars of several fruit purchased from a retail display in a local grocery store. The wavy appearance of primary and secondary conidiophores produced in potato-carrot agar cultures is the diagnostic character by which this species can be recognized. Cluster analyses of DNA fingerprint data sets support the inclusion of A. undulata in the A. infectoria species-group and its segregation from other members of this group. C1 ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Roberts, RG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM Rodney.Roberts@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MYCOTAXON LTD PI ITHACA PA PO BOX 264, ITHACA, NY 14851-0264 USA SN 0093-4666 J9 MYCOTAXON JI Mycotaxon PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 104 BP 29 EP 34 PG 6 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 320YX UT WOS:000257272200005 ER PT J AU Harrington, TC Fraedrich, SW Aghayeva, DN AF Harrington, T. C. Fraedrich, S. W. Aghayeva, D. N. TI Raffaelea lauricola, a new ambrosia beetle symbiont and pathogen on the Lauraceae SO MYCOTAXON LA English DT Article DE Ambrosiella; Coleoptera; Scolytidae ID GENUS RAFFAELEA; COLEOPTERA; FUNGI; CURCULIONIDAE; INOCULATION; SCOLYTINAE; QUERCIVORA; FAGACEAE AB An undescribed species of Raffaelea earlier was shown to be the cause of a vascular wilt disease known as laurel wilt, a severe disease on redbay (Persea borbonia) and other members of the Lauraceae in the Atlantic coastal plains of the southeastern USA. The pathogen is likely native to Asia and probably was introduced to the USA in the mycangia of the exotic redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus. Analyses of rDNA sequences indicate that the pathogen is most closely related to other ambrosia beetle symbionts in the monophyletic genus Raffaelea in the Ophiostomatales. The asexual genus Raffaelea includes Ophiostoma-like symbionts of xylem-feeding ambrosia beetles, and the laurel wilt pathogen is named R. lauricola sp. nov. C1 [Harrington, T. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Fraedrich, S. W.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Aghayeva, D. N.] Azerbaijan Natl Acad Sci, Baku 1073, Azerbaijan. RP Harrington, TC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, 351 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tcharrin@iastate.edu NR 19 TC 92 Z9 93 U1 3 U2 25 PU MYCOTAXON LTD PI ITHACA PA PO BOX 264, ITHACA, NY 14851-0264 USA SN 0093-4666 J9 MYCOTAXON JI Mycotaxon PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 104 BP 399 EP 404 PG 6 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 320YX UT WOS:000257272200050 ER PT J AU Gubanyi, JA Savidge, JA Hygnstrom, SE VerCauteren, KC Garabrandt, GW Korte, SP AF Gubanyi, Joseph A. Savidge, Julie A. Hygnstrom, Scoff E. VerCauteren, Kurt C. Garabrandt, Gary W. Korte, Seth P. TI Deer impact on vegetation in natural areas in southeastern Nebraska SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE browse; Odocoileus virginianus; understory; vegetation; white-tailed deer ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; NATIONAL-PARKS; FOREST; PENNSYLVANIA; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; OVERABUNDANCE; HERBIVORE AB We studied the effect of browsing by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman) on vegetation at three sites with high densities of deer and six sites with low densities of deer along the Missouri and Platte Rivers in southeastern Nebraska in 1995-1996. Vegetation volume from 0-1 m high was similar between sites with high and low deer densities (P > 0.05). From 1-2 m high, vegetation volume was less at sites with more deer in both years (P < 0.05). Densities for eight of I I small woody plant categories (< 3 cm dbh) were less common at sites with high densities of deer (P < 0.05). Overall densities of small trees (3-15 cm dbh) were similar between sites with high and low densities of deer. However, small hackberry trees (Celtis occidentalis L.) were more common (P = 0.03), while all other small trees were less common (P = 0.038), at sites with more deer. Frequencies of ground cover plants were not randomly distributed (chi(2) = 588.2, P < 0.001, df = 12). Shrubs were less common and grasses more common than expected at sites with more deer. Forests at sites with high densities of deer are in the process of succeeding to a state dominated by hackberry in the overstory with reduced woody vegetation and increased grasses in the understory due to intensive browsing by deer. C1 [Gubanyi, Joseph A.] Concordia Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Seward, NE 68434 USA. [Savidge, Julie A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hygnstrom, Scoff E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [VerCauteren, Kurt C.] USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Garabrandt, Gary W.] Fontenelle Nat Assoc, Bellevue, NE 68005 USA. [Korte, Seth P.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Gubanyi, JA (reprint author), Concordia Univ, Dept Nat Sci, 800 N Columbia Ave, Seward, NE 68434 USA. EM Joseph.Gubanyi@cune.edu NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 12 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 28 IS 2 BP 121 EP 129 DI 10.3375/0885-8608(2008)28[121:DIOVIN]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 297KJ UT WOS:000255615300004 ER PT J AU Barrero, M Small, BC D'Abramo, LR Waldbieser, GC Hanson, LA Kelly, AM AF Barrero, Marinela Small, Brian C. D'Abramo, Louis R. Waldbieser, Geoffrey C. Hanson, Larry A. Kelly, Anita M. TI Effect of carp pituitary extract and luteinizing hormone releasing analog hormone on reproductive indices and spawning of 3-year-old channel catfish SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; CATHEPSIN-L; MATURATION; PIMOZIDE; STEROIDS; CYCLE; LHRHA AB The efficacy of pituitary extract from common carp Cyprinus carpio (CPE) and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog (LHRHa) treatments in inducing spawning in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus undergoing their first oogenesis just before the spawning season was evaluated in four commercial strains of channel catfish. Before the hormones were injected, the average oocyte size (1,624 mu m) in May, the typical start of the spawning season, was smaller than that considered normal for mature oocytes (3,000 mu m) in this species. Priming and resolving doses of CPE, LHRHa, or saline were administered in early May. Plasma estradiol (E-2) and testosterone (T) levels were measured before the priming (0 h) and resolving (20 h) doses and 4 h later (24 h). Oocyte germinal vesicle migration and cathepsin B, D, and L activities were assessed at 0 and 24 h. At 20 h, estradiol levels were significantly higher in CPE- and LHRHa-treated fish. For LHRHa-treated fish, 20-h levels of T were also significantly higher in LHREa-treated fish at 24 h. Cathepsin B and L activities were also significantly higher at this time. No differences were observed among the strains evaluated for any of the measured parameters. As oocytes did not yet appear to have entered the final stage of maturation, the fish were returned to ponds with noninjected cohorts to evaluate spawning success. None of the fish injected with saline spawned. On average, 12.5% and 18.8% of those injected with CPE and LHRHa, respectively, spawned. The LHRHa-injected fish had a 14% greater incidence of spawning than noninjected fish. Fertilization rates were not significantly different among treatments. Of the treated fish, those that spawned had significantly higher plasma E2 concentrations at 20 h. Thus, LHRHa injection of early-egg-stage channel catfish could serve to increase the spawning rates of young adults without resorting to intensive spawning techniques. C1 [Small, Brian C.; Waldbieser, Geoffrey C.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genent Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Barrero, Marinela; D'Abramo, Louis R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hanson, Larry A.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Kelly, Anita M.] So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Small, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genent Res Unit, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bsmall@ars.usda.gov RI Small, Brian/I-3762-2012 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD APR PY 2008 VL 70 IS 2 BP 138 EP 146 DI 10.1577/AO6-072.1 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 293TG UT WOS:000255357200006 ER PT J AU Schrader, KK AF Schrader, Kevin K. TI Compounds with inhibitory activity against the channel catrish pathogens Edwardsiella ictaluri and Flavobacterium columnare SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID TANNIC-ACID; ANTIBACTERIAL; AQUACULTURE; PRODUCTS AB Enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC) and columnaris, the most common diseases in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in the southeastern United States, are caused by the bacteria Edwardsiella ictaluri and Flavobacteium columnare, respectively. Although producers may rely on antibiotics and certain therapeutants to help manage these diseases, the discovery of new compounds that are environmentally safe and efficacious alternatives to current antibiotics and therapeutants would benefit the channel catfish aquaculture industry. A rapid bioassay was used to evaluate compounds as the first step in the discovery process. Tannic acid was highly toxic to E. ictaluri and F. columnare, and it is promising for future efficacy testing against ESC and columnaris. Sodium percarbonate, an environmentally safe compound, is promising for future efficacy testing to determine its potential use in managing and preventing F. columnare outbreaks in small-scale systems used for channel catfish culture or during transport. C1 USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Schrader, KK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM kschrader@msa-oxford.ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD APR PY 2008 VL 70 IS 2 BP 147 EP 153 DI 10.1577/AO7-027.1 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 293TG UT WOS:000255357200007 ER PT J AU Small, BC Davis, KB Peterson, BC AF Small, Brian C. Davis, Kenneth B. Peterson, Brian C. TI Elucidating the effects of cortisol and stress on economically important traits in channel catfish SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Physiological Insights Towards Improving Fish Culture CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2007 CL San Antonio, TX SP World Aquaculture Soc, Natl Shellfish Assoc, Amer Fisheries Soc, Fish Culture Sect ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SALMO-TRUTTA-L; PLASMA CORTICOSTEROID DYNAMICS; HETEROPNEUSTES-FOSSILIS BLOCH; JUVENILE RAINBOW-TROUT; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; ENVIRONMENTAL-STRESS; ENTERIC SEPTICEMIA AB The channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus is an important aquaculture species in the United States and has received considerable research attention in efforts to improve production. Three traits of importance to the U.S. farm-raised channel catfish industry are disease resistance, growth, and reproduction. While many factors affect these three traits, a fish's response to stress can have a substantial impact on production attributes. Understanding the relationships between the stress response and components of that response, such as plasma cortisol concentration, is important to the development of better management and breeding practices to maximize production. Although much of the data regarding the fish physiological consequences of stress and elevated plasma cortisol has been collected from studies of salmonids, recent advances have been made toward understanding these relationships in channel catfish. The present review synthesizes the research conducted over the past several years regarding the effects of stress and cortisol on disease susceptibility, growth, metabolism, and reproduction of channel catfish in the context of how stress and cortisol affect economically important production traits for aquaculture. C1 [Small, Brian C.; Davis, Kenneth B.; Peterson, Brian C.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Small, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bsmall@ars.usda.gov RI Small, Brian/I-3762-2012 NR 103 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD APR PY 2008 VL 70 IS 2 BP 223 EP 235 DI 10.1577/AO7-0311 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 293TG UT WOS:000255357200018 ER PT J AU Peterson, BC Small, BC Waldbieser, GC Bosworth, BG AF Peterson, Brian C. Small, Brian C. Waldbieser, Geoffrey C. Bosworth, Brian G. TI Endocrine responses of fast- and slow-growing families of channel catfish SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Physiological Insights Towards Improving Fish Culture CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2007 CL San Antonio, TX SP World Aquaculture Soc, Natl Shellfish Assoc, Amer Fisheries Soc, Fish Culture Sect ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; TIME-RESOLVED FLUOROIMMUNOASSAY; RECOMBINANT BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; IGF-I; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; STRESS-RESPONSIVENESS AB Sixty-eight families of USDA303 channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus were evaluated for growth performance for 30 d. The fastest- and slowest-growing catfish families were further evaluated to examine the hypothesis that genes or gene products associated with the growth regulatory and stress axes can be used to describe differences in growth performance. Research examined mRNA levels of genes involved in the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor (GH-IGF) network in fast- (family A) and slow-growing (family H) USDA303 catfish. Fish (59.0 +/- 2.4 g) were fed for 7 weeks, weighed, and had tissues for RNA extraction. The remaining fish were subjected to an acute 10-min dewatering stress. Insulin-like growth factor-H mRNA was higher in the muscle of fast-growing fish, while the levels of IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) and IGF-II receptor (IGF-II) were similar. Muscle IGF-IIR mRNA was two-fold higher than muscle IGF-IR mRNA. There were no differences in liver and muscle IGF-I and GH receptor mRNA or pituitary GH mRNA between the fast- and slow-growing fish. Fast-growing fish consumed 135% more feed than slow-growing fish, though the abundances of ghrelin mRNA in the gut and neuropeptide Y mRNA in the hypothalamus were similar. Cortisol levels were negatively correlated to weight gain. These results suggest that the variation in growth between fast- and slow-growing USDA303 catfish is explained, in part, by the variation in the GH-IGF and stress axes. The relationship between cortisol and weight gain warrants further investigation for possible exploitation in our selective breeding program. C1 [Peterson, Brian C.; Small, Brian C.; Waldbieser, Geoffrey C.; Bosworth, Brian G.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genent Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Peterson, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genent Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bpeterson@ars.usda.gov RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010 OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X NR 54 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD APR PY 2008 VL 70 IS 2 BP 240 EP 250 DI 10.1577/A07-023.1 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 293TG UT WOS:000255357200020 ER PT J AU Fuller, SA Henne, JP Seals, J Mudrak, VA AF Fuller, S. Adam Henne, James P. Seals, John Mudrak, Vincent A. TI Performance of commercially available passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag systems used for fish identification and interjurisdictional fisheries management SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID SURVIVAL AB Passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag systems are commonly used in identification and monitoring programs with fisheries applications. Transponders of different frequencies, sizes, and code formats are available from numerous manufacturers, and there is increasing concern regarding the need to coordinate tagging efforts with appropriate equipment. Given the high cost of PIT tag systems and the adverse management implications of using incompatible equipment, we evaluated the performance of 20 transponder models and 11 transceiver models currently used in the United States. Compatibility among transceivers ranged from 14% to 81% when evaluated with the 20 transponders in this study. The maximum read distance across all tags and tag readers averaged 9.5 cm (range, 2.0-31.3 cm), and there were significant differences among reader and tag type combinations. Both transponder size and frequency significantly affected the maximum read distance, but transceiver model choice appeared to allow for the greatest practical increase in read distance. These results should assist resource managers with decisions regarding the coordination of tagging efforts that use PIT tag systems, particularly those involving long-lived or interjurisdictional species. C1 [Fuller, S. Adam; Seals, John] Mora Fish Technol Ctr, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Mora, NM 87732 USA. [Henne, James P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bears Bluff Natl Fish Hatchery, Wasmalaw Island, SC 29487 USA. [Mudrak, Vincent A.] Warms Springs Reg Fisheries Ctr, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Warm Springs, GA 31830 USA. RP Fuller, SA (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050,2955 Highway 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM afuller@spa.ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD APR PY 2008 VL 28 IS 2 BP 386 EP 393 DI 10.1577/M06-019.1 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 293BR UT WOS:000255310300005 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH AF Nielsen, Forrest H. TI Is boron nutritionally relevant? SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE boron; bone; brain; cell membranes; inflammatory response ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; DIETARY BORON; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; RHAMNOGALACTURONAN-II; MINERAL METABOLISM; DEFICIENT DIET; BONE STRENGTH; RAT BEHAVIOR AB Evidence from numerous laboratories using a variety of experimental models, including humans, shows that boron is a bioactive beneficial element. Much evidence has come from studies that did not require nutritional or environmental stressors or fastidious methods in diet preparation or environmental control. The evidence includes deprivation studies showing that boron is necessary for some higher animals to complete the life cycle, and that realistic low boron intakes result in impaired bone health, brain function, and immune response. Thus, low boron intake is a relevant nutritional concern, which diets rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and pulses can prevent. (C) 2008 International Life Sciences Institute. C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Nielsen, FH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2 Ave N Stop 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM forrest.nielsen@ars.usda.gov NR 70 TC 50 Z9 56 U1 5 U2 21 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD APR PY 2008 VL 66 IS 4 BP 183 EP 191 DI 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2008.00023.x PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 279WF UT WOS:000254385200002 PM 18366532 ER PT J AU Jurdak, N Lichtenstein, AH Kanarek, RB AF Jurdak, Nicole Lichtenstein, Alice H. Kanarek, Robin B. TI Diet-induced obesity and spatial cognition in young male rats SO NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sugarp; fat; cognition; Morris Water Maze; spatial memory; obesity ID HIGH-FAT DIETS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; METABOLIC SYNDROME; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; ANIMAL-MODELS; PLASTICITY; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT AB Recent work suggests that obesity may adversely affect cognitive behavior. To examine this suggestion, the effects of feeding a standard chow diet, and either supplemental sugar or fat on the development of obesity and performance on a test of spatial learning, the Morris Water Maze (MWM), were assessed in young male Long - Evans rats. Rats given access to a sucrose solution or dietary fat in addition to the chow diet consumed approximately 10% more calories per day, gained more weight, and had larger epididymal fat pads than rats fed the chow diet alone. Moreover, rats fed the supplemental sucrose took significantly more time to find a hidden platform in the MWM than rats fed the chow diet alone or chow and supplemental fat. Additionally, when tested 10 days after the initial training trials, rats given sucrose displayed deficits in long-term spatial memory. After 6 weeks on the dietsn fasting blood glucose and serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in sucrose-fed rats than in rats eating only the standard diet. These results indicate that diet-induced obesity resulting from excess sucrose intake, but not fat intake, in young animals impairs spatial learning and memory. It is hypothesized that these deficits arise from metabolic insults that leave the brain vulnerable to alterations in insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. C1 [Jurdak, Nicole; Kanarek, Robin B.] Tufts Univ, Dept Psychol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, John Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Kanarek, RB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Psychol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM robin.kanarek@tufts.edu NR 44 TC 62 Z9 66 U1 5 U2 30 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1028-415X J9 NUTR NEUROSCI JI Nutr. Neurosci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 11 IS 2 BP 48 EP 54 DI 10.1179/147683008X301333 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 317DH UT WOS:000256999300001 PM 18510803 ER PT J AU Johnson, EJ McDonald, K Caldarella, SM Chung, HY Troen, AM Snodderly, DM AF Johnson, Elizabeth J. McDonald, Karen Caldarella, Susan M. Chung, Haen-yun Troen, Aron M. Snodderly, D. Max TI Cognitive findings of an exploratory trial of docosahexaenoic acid and lutein supplementation in older women SO NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE docosahexaenoic acid; lutein; cognitive function; elderly ID N-3 FATTY-ACIDS; NEURONAL SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; MACULAR PIGMENT DENSITY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION; BEHAVIORAL DEFICITS; BRAIN; DEMENTIA; RETINA; RISK AB Introduction: Low dietary intake of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and/or foods rich in lutein may be associated with increased risk of cognitive decline in the elderly. Subjects and methods: The cognitive benefit of DHA and lutein in unimpaired elder women was explored in the context of a 4-month, double-blind, intervention trial of DHA and lutein supplementation for eye health. Forty-nine women (aged 60-80 years) were randomized to receive DHA (800 mg/day; n = 14), lutein (12 mg/day; n = 11) a combination of DHA and lutein (n = 14) or placebo (n = 10). Subjects underwent cognitive tests measuring verbal fluency, memory, processing speed and accuracy, and self-reports of mood at randomization and upon completion of the trial. Results: Following supplementation, verbal fluency scores improved significantly in the DHA, lutein, and combined treatment groups (P < 0.03). Memory scores and rate of learning improved significantly in the combined treatment group (P < 0.03), who also displayed a trend toward more efficient learning (P = 0.07). Measures of mental processing speed, accuracy and mood were not affected by supplementation. Conclusions: These exploratory findings suggest that DHA and lutein supplementation may have cognitive benefit for older adults. C1 [Johnson, Elizabeth J.; McDonald, Karen; Troen, Aron M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Caldarella, Susan M.] Schepens Eye Res Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Chung, Haen-yun] Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Snodderly, D. Max] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Johnson, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM elizabeth.johnson@tufts.edu NR 43 TC 97 Z9 102 U1 3 U2 27 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1028-415X J9 NUTR NEUROSCI JI Nutr. Neurosci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 11 IS 2 BP 75 EP 83 DI 10.1179/147683008X301450 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 317DH UT WOS:000256999300005 PM 18510807 ER PT J AU Hyun, YJ Koh, SJ Chae, JS Kim, JY Kim, OY Lim, HH Jang, Y Park, S Ordovas, JM Lee, JH AF Hyun, Y. J. Koh, S. J. Chae, J. S. Kim, J. Y. Kim, O. Y. Lim, H. H. Jang, Y. Park, S. Ordovas, Jose M. Lee, J. H. TI Atherogenecity of LDL and unfavorable adipokine profile in metabolically obese, normal-weight woman SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID NORMAL GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; HEART-DISEASE; OXIDIZED LDL; RISK-FACTORS; BODY-FAT; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE AB Objective: The relationship of visceral adiposity with adipocytokines and low-density lipoprotein ( LDL) particle distribution and oxidation in Asian metabolically obese, normal-weight ( MONW) individuals has not been evaluated. We aimed to investigate the association between visceral adiposity and adipocytokines and cardiovascular disease ( CVD) risk factors in MONW Korean women with normal glucose tolerance. Methods and Procedures: We examined the metabolic characteristics of 135 non-obese ( BMI < 25 kg/ m(2)) women aged 25 - 64 years. Twenty-five women ( BMI < 25 kg/ m(2) and visceral fat adiposity ( VFA) >= 100 cm(2)) were classified as MONW and 25 women ( BMI < 25 kg/m(2) and VFA < 100 cm(2)), pair-matched for age, weight, height, and menopausal status, as control group. Plasma lipid profiles and adipocytokines were evaluated in these two groups. Results: MONW subjects had higher systolic ( P < 0.05) and diastolic blood pressure ( P < 0.005) and higher concentrations of triacylglycerol ( TG) ( P < 0.005), insulin ( P < 0.01), and free fatty acid ( FFA) ( P < 0.05) than control subjects. There was no significant difference between two groups in LDL-cholesterol ( LDL-C) concentrations; however, MONW subjects had smaller LDL particles ( P < 0.01) and higher concentrations of oxidized LDL ( ox- LDL) ( P < 0.05) compared with controls. Moreover, MONW subjects had higher concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-alpha) ( P < 0.05), interleukin-6 ( IL-6) ( P < 0.05) and leptin ( P < 0.05), and lower plasma adiponectin concentrations ( P < 0.05). Higher intake of saturated fat with lower ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs) to saturated fatty acids ( SFA) and lower fiber intake than normal subjects were found in MONW women. Discussion: We found an unfavorable inflammatory profile and a more atherogenic LDL profile in MONW female subjects even in the absence of a known CVD risk factors. Moreover, MONW consumed more saturated fat and less fiber than the control group. C1 [Hyun, Y. J.; Koh, S. J.; Chae, J. S.; Kim, J. Y.; Kim, O. Y.; Jang, Y.; Lee, J. H.] Yonsei Univ, Res Inst Sci Aging, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Hyun, Y. J.; Koh, S. J.; Chae, J. S.; Kim, J. Y.; Lim, H. H.; Lee, J. H.] Yonsei Univ, Natl Res Lab Clin Nutrigenet Nutrigenom, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Lim, H. H.; Lee, J. H.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Brain Korea Project 21, Coll Human Ecol, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Jang, Y.; Park, S.] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Yonsei Cardiovasc Ctr, Div Cardiol, Seoul, South Korea. [Jang, Y.; Park, S.] Yonsei Univ, Cardiovasc Genome Ctr, Inst Med, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lee, JH (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Res Inst Sci Aging, Seoul 120749, South Korea. EM jhleeb@yonsei.ac.kr RI Jang, Yang Soo/D-4803-2012; OI Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 NR 40 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD APR PY 2008 VL 16 IS 4 BP 784 EP 789 DI 10.1038/oby.2007.127 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 283ZG UT WOS:000254674400011 PM 18239579 ER PT J AU Ding, FJ Chen, YR Chao, KL AF Ding, Fujian Chen, Yud-Ren Chao, Kuanglin TI Development of two-waveband color-mixing binoculars SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE color mixing; food safety and quality; inspection; band ratio; imaging ID CLASSIFYING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS; POULTRY CARCASSES; QUALITY; INGESTA; SYSTEM; SAFETY AB Previous studies showed that two-and three-waveband color-mixing methods perform the optical equivalent of two-and three-wavelength band ratio calculations that are typically implemented using multispectral imaging to enhance target classification and detection. This paper presents a prototype two-waveband color-mixing binocular device for enhancing visual target detection and classification, as tested using Ishihara test cards. Target identification for the test cards in this study was improved by using two-waveband color-mixing binoculars fitted with filters centered at wavelength pairs selected according to the criterion of uniform background. The test-card imaging results demonstrate that color-mixing binoculars can be used to greatly enhance target identification and detection. (C) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 [Ding, Fujian; Chen, Yud-Ren; Chao, Kuanglin] ARS, USDA, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ding, FJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Food Safety Lab, Bldg 303 BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 2008 VL 47 IS 4 AR 043201 DI 10.1117/1.2904675 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 306IT UT WOS:000256242200006 ER PT J AU Tosteson, ANA Melton, LJ Dawson-Hughes, B Baim, S Favus, MJ Khosla, S Lindsay, RL AF Tosteson, A. N. A. Melton, L. J., III Dawson-Hughes, B. Baim, S. Favus, M. J. Khosla, S. Lindsay, R. L. TI Cost-effective osteoporosis treatment thresholds: the United States perspective SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE cost-effectiveness; National Osteoporosis Foundation; osteoporosis; practice guidelines; World Health Organization ID HIP FRACTURE; INTERVENTION THRESHOLDS; WOMEN; RISK; MEN; METAANALYSIS; POPULATION; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; OUTCOMES AB A United States-specific cost-effectiveness analysis, which incorporated the cost and health consequences of clinical fractures of the hip, spine, forearm, shoulder, rib, pelvis and lower leg, was undertaken to identify the 10-year hip fracture probability required for osteoporosis treatment to be cost-effective for cohorts defined by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. A 3% 10-year risk of hip fracture was generally required for osteoporosis treatment to cost less than $60,000 per QALY gained. Introduction Rapid growth of the elderly United States population will result in so many at risk of osteoporosis that economically efficient approaches to osteoporosis care warrant consideration. Methods A Markov-cohort model of annual United States age-specific incidence of clinical hip, spine, forearm, shoulder, rib, pelvis and lower leg fractures, costs (2005 US dollars), and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) was used to assess the cost-effectiveness of osteoporosis treatment ($600/yr drug cost for 5 years with 35% fracture reduction) by gender and race/ethnicity groups. To determine the 10-year hip fracture probability at which treatment became cost-effective, average annual age-specific probabilities for all fractures were multiplied by a relative risk (RR) that was systematically varied from 0 to 10 until a cost of $60,000 per QALY gained was observed for treatment relative to no intervention. Results Osteoporosis treatment was cost-effective when the 10-year hip fracture probability reached approximately 3%. Although the RR at which treatment became cost-effective varied markedly between genders and by race/ethnicity, the absolute 10-year hip fracture probability at which intervention became cost-effective was similar across race/ethnicity groups, but tended to be slightly higher for men than for women. Conclusions Application of the WHO risk prediction algorithm to identify individuals with a 3% 10-year hip fracture probability may facilitate efficient osteoporosis treatment. C1 [Tosteson, A. N. A.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Clin Res HB7505, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. [Tosteson, A. N. A.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Multidisciplinary Clin Res Ctr Musculoskeletal Di, Lebanon, NH USA. [Tosteson, A. N. A.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Dartmouth Inst Hlth Policy & Clin Practice, Lebanon, NH USA. [Melton, L. J., III] Mayo Clin, Div Epidemiol, Coll Med, Rochester, MN USA. [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Baim, S.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Favus, M. J.] Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Khosla, S.] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Endocrinol, Rochester, MN USA. [Lindsay, R. L.] Helen Hayes Hosp, Reg Bone Ctr, W Haverstraw, NY USA. RP Tosteson, ANA (reprint author), Dartmouth Med Sch, Clin Res HB7505, 1 Med Ctr Dr, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. EM anna.tosteson@dartmouth.edu OI Khosla, Sundeep/0000-0002-2936-4372 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG012262-09, AG12262, R01 AG012262, R01 AG012262-10, R01 AG012262-11]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR048094, P60 AR048094] NR 39 TC 200 Z9 207 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI ARTINGTON PA ASHBOURNE HOUSE, THE GUILDWAY, OLD PORTSMOUTH ROAD, ARTINGTON GU3 1LP, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD APR PY 2008 VL 19 IS 4 BP 437 EP 447 DI 10.1007/s00198-007-0550-6 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 274IN UT WOS:000253995100005 PM 18292976 ER PT J AU Dawson-Hughes, B Tosteson, ANA Melton, LJ Baim, S Favus, MJ Khosla, S Lindsay, RL AF Dawson-Hughes, B. Tosteson, A. N. A. Melton, L. J., III Baim, S. Favus, M. J. Khosla, S. Lindsay, R. L. TI Implications of absolute fracture risk assessment for osteoporosis practice guidelines in the USA SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE fracture prediction; National Osteoporosis Foundation; osteoporosis; practice guidelines; World Health Organization ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; HIP FRACTURE; INTERVENTION THRESHOLDS; FRAGILITY FRACTURES; ALENDRONATE THERAPY; MEDICATION USE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; OSTEOPENIA AB Application of the WHO fracture prediction algorithm in conjunction with an updated US economic analysis indicates that osteoporosis treatment is cost-effective in patients with fragility fractures or osteoporosis, in older individuals at average risk and in younger persons with additional clinical risk factors for fracture, supporting existing practice recommendations. Introduction The new WHO fracture prediction algorithm was combined with an updated economic analysis to evaluate existing NOF guidance for osteoporosis prevention and treatment. Methods The WHO fracture prediction algorithm was calibrated to the US population using national age-, sex- and race-specific death rates and age- and sex-specific hip fracture incidence rates from the largely white population of Olmsted County, MN. Fracture incidence for other races was estimated by ratios to white women and men. The WHO algorithm estimated the probability (%) of a hip fracture (or a major osteoporotic fracture) over 10 years, given specific age, gender, race and clinical profiles. The updated economic model suggested that osteoporosis treatment was cost-effective when the 10-year probability of hip fracture reached 3%. Results It is cost-effective to treat patients with a fragility fracture and those with osteoporosis by WHO criteria, as well as older individuals at average risk and osteopenic patients with additional risk factors. However, the estimated 10-year fracture probability was lower in men and nonwhite women compared to postmenopausal white women. Conclusions This analysis generally endorsed existing clinical practice recommendations, but specific treatment decisions must be individualized. An estimate of the patient's 10-year fracture risk should facilitate shared decision-making. C1 [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Bone Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Tosteson, A. N. A.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Multidisciplinary Clin Res Ctr Musculoskeletal Di, Lebanon, NH USA. [Tosteson, A. N. A.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Dartmouth Inst Hlth Policy & Clin Practice, Lebanon, NH USA. [Melton, L. J., III] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Epidemiol, Rochester, MN USA. [Baim, S.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Favus, M. J.] Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Khosla, S.] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Endocrinol, Rochester, MN USA. [Lindsay, R. L.] Helen Hayes Hosp, Reg Bone Ctr, W Haverstraw, NY USA. [Tosteson, A. N. A.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Clin Res HB7505, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. RP Dawson-Hughes, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Bone Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM bess.dawson-hughes@tufts.edu; anna.tosteson@dartmouth.edu OI Khosla, Sundeep/0000-0002-2936-4372 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG012262] NR 63 TC 214 Z9 224 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD APR PY 2008 VL 19 IS 4 BP 449 EP 458 DI 10.1007/s00198-008-0559-5 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 274IN UT WOS:000253995100006 PM 18292975 ER PT J AU Morris, MS Jacques, PF Rosenberg, IH Selhub, J AF Morris, Martha Savaria Jacques, Paul F. Rosenberg, Irwin H. Selhub, Jacob TI Untitled SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Letter ID FOLIC-ACID; FORTIFICATION; DEFICIENCY C1 [Rosenberg, Irwin H.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Nutr & Neurocognit Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Morris, Martha Savaria; Jacques, Paul F.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Nutr Epidemiol Program, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Vitamin Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Morris, MS (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Nutr Epidemiol Program, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 W CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 63 IS 4 BP 450 EP 450 DI 10.1203/PDR.0b013e31816c3f36 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 279SG UT WOS:000254374300022 PM 18356757 ER PT J AU Duke, SO Powles, SB AF Duke, Stephen O. Powles, Stephen B. TI Glyphosate-resistant weeds and crops SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Duke, Stephen O.] USDA ARS, Oxford, MS USA. [Powles, Stephen B.] Univ Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Oxford, MS USA. RI Powles, Stephen/A-2558-2008 NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 64 IS 4 BP 317 EP 318 DI 10.1002/ps.1561 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 281LB UT WOS:000254497600001 PM 18340651 ER PT J AU Duke, SO Powles, SB AF Duke, Stephen O. Powles, Stephen B. TI Glyphosate: a once-in-a-century herbicide SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE glyphosate; GMO; herbicide; herbicide-resistant crop ID RESISTANT CROPS; BRASSICA-NAPUS; AMINOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; LOLIUM-RIGIDUM; SUGAR-BEET; GENE FLOW; TRANSLOCATION; POPULATIONS; METABOLITE AB Since its commercial introduction in 1974, glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] has become the dominant herbicide worldwide. There are several reasons for its success. Glyphosate is a highly effective broad-spectrum herbicide, yet it is very toxicologically and environmentally safe. Glyphosate translocates well, and its action is slow enough to take advantage of this. Glyphosate is the only herbicide that targets 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), so there are no competing herbicide analogs or classes. Since glyphosate became a generic compound, its cost has dropped dramatically. Perhaps the most important aspect of the success of glyphosate has been the introduction of transgenic, glyphosate-resistant crops in 1996. Almost 90% of all transgenic crops grown worldwide are glyphosate resistant, and the adoption of these crops is increasing at a steady pace. Glyphosate/glyphosate-resistant crop weed management offers significant environmental and other benefits over the technologies that it replaces. The use of this virtually ideal herbicide is now being threatened by the evolution of glyphosate-resistant weeds. Adoption of resistance management practices will be required to maintain the benefits of glyphosate technologies for future generations. (c) 2008 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 [Duke, Stephen O.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Powles, Stephen B.] Univ Western Australia, WA Herbicide Resistance Initiat, Sch Plant Biol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM sduke@ole.miss.edu RI Powles, Stephen/A-2558-2008 NR 50 TC 349 Z9 376 U1 75 U2 392 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 64 IS 4 BP 319 EP 325 DI 10.1002/ps.1518 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 281LB UT WOS:000254497600002 PM 18273882 ER PT J AU Locke, MA Zablotowicz, RM Reddy, KN AF Locke, Martin A. Zablotowicz, Robert M. Reddy, Krishna N. TI Integrating soil conservation practices and glyphosate-resistant crops: impacts on soil SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE environment; no-tillage; conservation tillage; reduced tillage; cover crop; buffer; pesticide; sorption; leach; runoff; pesticide degradation; transgenic; glyphosate ID PHOSPHONATE HERBICIDE GLYPHOSATE; GENETICALLY-MODIFIED CROPS; ORGANIC-MATTER FRACTIONS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; SUGAR-BEET; ROOT-ROT; AMINOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID; GLUFOSINATE-AMMONIUM; LEPTHYPHANTES-TENUIS; NONTARGET SPIDERS AB BACKGROUND: Conservation practices often associated with glyphosate-resistant crops, e.g. limited tillage and crop cover, improve soil conditions, but only limited research has evaluated their effects on soil in combination with glyphosate-resistant crops. It is assumed that conservation practices have similar benefits to soil whether or not glyphosate-resistant crops are used. This paper reviews the impact on soil of conservation practices and glyphosate-resistant crops, and presents data from a Mississippi field trial comparing glyphosate-resistant and non-glyphosate-resistant maize (Zea mays L.) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under limited tillage management. RESULTS: Results from the reduced-tillage study indicate differences in soil biological and chemical properties owing to glyphosate-resistant crops. Under continuous glyphosate-resistant maize, soils maintained greater soil organic carbon and nitrogen as compared with continuous non-glyphosate-resistant maize, but no differences were measured in continuous cotton or in cotton rotated with maize. Soil microbial community structure based on total fatty acid methyl ester analysis indicated a significant effect of glyphosate-resistant crop following 5 years of continuous glyphosate-resistant crop as compared with the non-glyphosate-resistant crop system. Results from this study, as well as the literature review, indicate differences attributable to the interaction of conservation practices and glyphosate-resistant crop, but many are transient and benign for the soil ecosystem. CONCLUSIONS: Glyphosate use may result in minor effects on soil biological/chemical properties. However, enhanced organic carbon and plant residues in surface soils under conservation practices may buffer potential effects of glyphosate. Long-term field research established under various cropping systems and ecological regions is needed for critical assessment of glyphosate-resistant crop and conservation practice interactions. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Locke, Martin A.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, NSL, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Zablotowicz, Robert M.; Reddy, Krishna N.] USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Locke, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, NSL, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, 598 McElroy, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM martin.locke@ars.usda.gov OI Zablotowicz, Robert/0000-0001-8070-1998 NR 104 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 28 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 64 IS 4 BP 457 EP 469 DI 10.1002/ps.1549 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 281LB UT WOS:000254497600020 PM 18275105 ER PT J AU Velini, ED Alves, E Godoy, MC Meschede, DK Souza, RT Duke, SO AF Velini, Edivaldo D. Alves, Elza Godoy, Maria C. Meschede, Dana K. Souza, Reginaldo T. Duke, Stephen O. TI Glyphosate applied at low doses can stimulate plant growth SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Commelia benghalensis; Eucalyptus grandis; glyphosate; growth stimulus; hormesis; maize; Pinus caribea; soybean ID HORMESIS; SUGARCANE; MODELS; ACID AB BACKGROUND: Glyphosate blocks the shikimic acid pathway, inhibiting the production of aromatic amino acids and several secondary compounds derived from these amino acids. Non-target plants can be exposed to low doses of glyphosate by herbicide drift of spray droplets and contact with treated weeds. Previous studies have reported that low doses of glyphosate stimulate growth, although these data are very limited. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of low glyphosate doses on growth of a range of plant species. RESULTS: Growth of maize, conventional soybean, Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden, Pinus caribea L. and Commelia benghalensis L. was enhanced by 1.8-36 g glyphosate ha(-1). Growth of glyphosate-resistant soybean was unaffected by any glyphosate dose from 1.8 to 720 g AE ha(-1). The optimum doses for growth stimulation were distinct for plant species and tissue evaluated. The greatest stimulation of growth was observed for C. benghalensis and P. caribea. Shikimic acid levels in tissues of glyphosate-treated soybean and maize were measured and found to be elevated at growth-stimulating doses. CONCLUSION: Subtoxic doses of glyphosate stimulate the growth of a range of plant species, as measured in several plant organs. This hormesis effect is likely to be related to the molecular target of glyphosate, since the effect was not seen in glyphosate-resistant plants, and shikimate levels were enhanced in plants with stimulated growth. (c) 2008 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 [Velini, Edivaldo D.; Godoy, Maria C.; Meschede, Dana K.] Sao Paulo State Univ, Fac Agron Sci, Expt Stn Lageado, Weed Sci Lab, BR-18603970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Alves, Elza] Sao Paulo State Univ, Fac Agron Sci, Registro, SP, Brazil. [Duke, Stephen O.] USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM velini@uol.com.br RI Alves, Elza/H-4325-2012; Correa, Elza Alves/H-9997-2014 OI Correa, Elza Alves/0000-0001-7658-4362 NR 25 TC 65 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 22 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 64 IS 4 BP 489 EP 496 DI 10.1002/ps.1562 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 281LB UT WOS:000254497600023 PM 18293284 ER PT J AU Manjunath, KL Halbert, SE Ramadugu, C Webb, S Lee, RF AF Manjunath, K. L. Halbert, S. E. Ramadugu, C. Webb, S. Lee, R. F. TI Detection of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' in Diaphorina citri and its importance in the management of Citrus huanglongbing in Florida SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GREENING DISEASE; PCR DETECTION; SAO-PAULO; IDENTIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION; POPULATIONS; PSYLLIDAE; PATHOGEN; VECTOR AB Citrus huanglongbing (HLB or citrus greening), is a highly destructive disease that has been spreading in both Florida and Brazil. Its psyllid vector, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, has spread to Texas and Mexico, thus threatening the future of citrus production elsewhere in mainland North America. Even though sensitive diagnostic methods have been developed for detection of the causal organisms, Candidatus Liberibacter spp., the pathogen cannot be detected consistently in plants until symptoms develop, presumably because of low titer and uneven distribution of the causal bacteria in nonsymptomatic tissues. In the present study, TaqMan based real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction methodology was developed for detection of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in D. citri. Over 1,200 samples of psyllid adults and nymphs, collected from various locations in Florida, from visually healthy and HLB symptomatic trees at different times of the year were analyzed to monitor the incidence and spread of HLB. The results showed that spread of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in an area may be detected one to several years before the development of HLB symptoms in plants. The study suggests that discount garden centers and retail nurseries may have played a significant role in the widespread distribution of psyllids and plants carrying HLB pathogens in Florida. C1 [Manjunath, K. L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Halbert, S. E.] Div Plant Ind, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Gainesville, FL USA. [Ramadugu, C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Webb, S.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Lee, RF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM rivrl@ars-grin.gov NR 58 TC 97 Z9 106 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 2008 VL 98 IS 4 BP 387 EP 396 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-4-0387 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278TZ UT WOS:000254310500003 PM 18944186 ER PT J AU Qu, XS Wanner, LA Christ, BJ AF Qu, Xinshun Wanner, Leslie A. Christ, Barbara J. TI Using the TxtAB operon to quantify pathogenic Streptomyces in potato tubers and soil SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; COMMON SCAB DISEASE; PLANT PATHOGENICITY; THAXTOMIN-A; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; VIRULENCE GENE; REAL-TIME; STRAINS; NEC1 AB The phytotoxin thaxtomin, produced by plant pathogenic Streptomyces species, is the only known pathogenicity determinant for common scab diseases of potato and other root and tuber crops. Genes encoding thaxtomin synthetase (txtAB) are found on a pathogenicity island characteristic of genetically diverse plant pathogenic Streptomyces species. In this study, an SYBR Green quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using primers designed to anneal to the txtAB operon of Streptomyces was developed to quantify pathogenic bacterial populations in potatoes and soil. The real-time PCR assay was specific for pathogenic Streptomyces strains. The detection limit of the assay was 10 fg of the target DNA, or one genome equivalent. Cycle threshold (Ct) values were linearly correlated with the concentration of the target DNA (correlation coefficient R-2 = 0.99) and were not affected by the presence of plant DNA extracts, indicating the usefulness of the assay for quantitative analyses of the pathogenic bacteria in plant tissues. The amount of pathogenic Streptomyces DNA in total DNA extracts from I g asymptomatic and symptomatic tubers was quantified using the assay and ranged from 10(1) to 10(6) pg. A standard curve was established to quantify pathogenic Streptomyces in soil. Using the standard curve, numbers of pathogenic Streptomyces colony forming units were extrapolated to range from 10(3) to 10(6) per gram of soil from potato fields where common scab was found. This real-time PCR assay using primers designed from the txtAB operon allows rapid, accurate, and cost effective quantification of pathogenic Streptomyces strains in potato tubers and in soil. C1 [Qu, Xinshun; Christ, Barbara J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wanner, Leslie A.] ARS, USDA, Genet Improvement Fruit & Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Christ, BJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ebf@psu.edu NR 37 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 2008 VL 98 IS 4 BP 405 EP 412 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-4-0405 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278TZ UT WOS:000254310500005 PM 18944188 ER PT J AU Richardson, BA Klopfenstein, NB Zambino, PJ McDonald, GI Geils, BW Carris, LM AF Richardson, B. A. Klopfenstein, N. B. Zambino, P. J. McDonald, G. I. Geils, B. W. Carris, L. M. TI Influence of host resistance on the genetic structure of the white pine blister rust fungus in the western United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE qualitative and quantitative resistance ID CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; NORTH-AMERICA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SUGAR PINE; PATHOGEN METAPOPULATION; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; MAJOR GENE; 1ST REPORT; MONTICOLA; DNA AB Cronartium ribicola, the causal agent of white pine blister rust, has been devastating to five-needled white pines in North America since its introduction nearly a century ago. However, dynamic and complex interactions occur among C. ribicola, five-needled white pines, and the environment. To examine potential evolutionary influences on genetic structure and diversity of C. ribicola in western United States, population genetic analyses of C. ribicola were conducted using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) molecular markers. The fungus was sampled at six sites. Collections for two of the six sites were from separate plantings of resistant-selected western white pine and sugar pine. Heterozygosity based on polymorphic loci among populations ranged from 0.28 to 0.40, with resistant-selected plantations at the extremes. Genetic differentiation was also highest between these two populations. Principal coordinates analysis and Bayesian assignment placed most isolates that are putative carriers of virulence to major-gene resistance into a discernable cluster, while other isolates showed no clustering by site or host species. These results indicate that C. ribicolo in western North America is not genetically uniform, despite its presumed single site of introduction and relatively brief residence. Moreover, major-gene resistance appears to have imposed strong selection on the rust, resulting in reduced genetic diversity. In contrast, no evidence of selection was observed in C. ribicola from hosts that exhibit only multigenic resistance. C1 [Richardson, B. A.; Klopfenstein, N. B.; Zambino, P. J.; McDonald, G. I.] USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest Serv, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Richardson, B. A.; Carris, L. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Geils, B. W.] USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest Serv, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Richardson, BA (reprint author), USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest Serv, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM brichardson02@fs.fed.us NR 66 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 2008 VL 98 IS 4 BP 413 EP 420 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-4-0413 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278TZ UT WOS:000254310500006 PM 18944189 ER PT J AU Hwang, YS Quail, PH AF Hwang, Yong-Sic Quail, Peter H. TI Phytochrome-regulated PIL1 derepression is developmentally modulated SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE de-etiolation; derepression; early response gene; phytochrome; PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKE 1 (PIL1) ID PLANT PHOTORECEPTORS PHYTOCHROME; SEEDLING DE-ETIOLATION; TRANSCRIPTION-FACTOR; ARABIDOPSIS DEVELOPMENT; INTERACTING FACTOR-3; NUCLEAR-LOCALIZATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; LIGHT; DEGRADATION; MUTANTS AB We define the photoresponsiveness, during seedling de-etiolation, of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKE 1 (PIL1), initially identified by microarray analysis as an early-response gene that is robustly repressed by first exposure to light. We show that PIL1 mRNA abundance declines rapidly, with a half-time of 15 min, to a new steady-state level, 10-fold below the initial dark level, within 45 min of first exposure to red light. Analysis of phy-null mutants indicates that multiple phytochromes, including phyA and phyB, impose this repression. Conversely, PIL1 expression is rapidly derepressed by subsequent far-red irradiation of previously red light-exposed seedlings. However, the magnitude of this derepression is modulated over time, in a biphasic manner, in response to increasing duration of pre-exposure to continuous red light: (i) an early phase (up to about 6 h) of relatively rapidly increasing effectiveness of far-red reversal of repression, as declining phyA levels relieve initial very low fluence suppression of this response; and (ii) a second phase (beyond 6 h) of gradually declining effectiveness of far-red reversal, to only 20 of maximal derepression, within 36 h of continuous red light exposure, with no evidence of circadian modulation of this responsiveness, an observation in striking contrast to a previous report for entrained, green seedlings exposed to vegetative shade. These data, together with analysis of phytochrome signaling mutants and overexpressors with aberrant de-etiolation phenotypes, suggest that the second-phase decline in robustness of PIL1 derepression is an indirect consequence of the global developmental transition from the etiolated to the de-etiolated state, and that circadian coupling of derepression requires entrainment. C1 [Hwang, Yong-Sic; Quail, Peter H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hwang, Yong-Sic; Quail, Peter H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, USDA, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Hwang, Yong-Sic] Konkuk Univ, Dept Biosci & Biotechnol, Seoul 143701, South Korea. RP Quail, PH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM quail@nature.berkeley.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-47475] NR 38 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-0781 EI 1471-9053 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 49 IS 4 BP 501 EP 511 DI 10.1093/pcp/pcn024 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 290WB UT WOS:000255152400002 PM 18296722 ER PT J AU Snyder, KA James, JJ Richards, JH Donovan, LA AF Snyder, Keirith A. James, Jeremy J. Richards, James H. Donovan, Lisa A. TI Does hydraulic lift or nighttime transpiration facilitate nitrogen acquisition? SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Zinc Crops 2007 Conference CY MAY 24-26, 2007 CL Istanbul, TURKEY DE desert shrubs; hydraulic lift; hydraulic redistribution; nighttime transpiration; nitrogen acquisition; nitrogen isotopes; sarcobatus vermiculatus ID ROOT XYLEM EMBOLISM; SOIL-WATER; PRECIPITATION PULSES; PREDAWN PLANT; REDISTRIBUTION; GROWTH; CONDUCTANCE; ECOSYSTEMS; TRANSPORT; PATTERNS AB Water movement from roots to soil at night in the process of hydraulic lift (redistribution) rehydrates the rhizosphere and has been proposed to improve plant nutrient acquisition. Another process that has now been found in many plant species is nighttime transpiration and this could also affect nutrient relations by influencing supply of mobile nutrients to roots at night. The effects of these soil/root water relations interactions have not been adequately tested. We chose ten Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torrey shrubs with different magnitudes of hydraulic lift (i.e. diel range in soil water potential) to test the hypothesis that the magnitude of lift would be positively related to the amount of nitrogen (N) uptake over a period of days. A N-15 tracer was injected in the 20-30 cm soil layer at locations with hydraulic lift to determine plant N-15 acquisition by shallow roots conducting hydraulic lift. Half of the plants were also placed in large humidified tents (i.e. "bagged"), which suppressed nighttime transpiration, and thus were expected to have greater magnitudes of hydraulic lift, although they did not. All plants took up the N-15 tracer, but contrary to our hypothesis the magnitude of hydraulic lift had no significant effect on the amount of N-15 acquired over a 9-day period following labeling. However, plants that were bagged tended to have lower N-15 acquisition (P=0.07). These data indicate that decreased nighttime transpirational water loss or some other effect of bagging may decrease nutrient acquisition by these nutrient-limited phreatophytic shrubs and more generally suggests a possible nutritional benefit of nighttime transpiration by plants. This suggestion needs more thorough testing to elucidate an important potential link between plant water and nutrient relations. C1 [Snyder, Keirith A.] USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [James, Jeremy J.] USDA ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Richards, James H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Donovan, Lisa A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Snyder, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM kasnyder@unr.edu RI Donovan, Lisa/H-4754-2016 OI Donovan, Lisa/0000-0001-9814-0666 NR 30 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD APR PY 2008 VL 306 IS 1-2 BP 159 EP 166 DI 10.1007/s11104-008-9567-7 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 286MK UT WOS:000254849800017 ER PT J AU Zeppel, M Macinnis-Ng, CMO Ford, CR Eamus, D AF Zeppel, Melanie Macinnis-Ng, Catriona M. O. Ford, Chelcy R. Eamus, Derek TI The response of sap flow to pulses of rain in a temperate Australian woodland SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE rain pulses; sap flow; soil moisture; threshold-delay model; transpiration rate ID PRECIPITATION PULSES; SUMMER RAIN; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; COLORADO PLATEAU; DESERT ECOSYSTEM; RESOURCE PULSES; PLANT-RESPONSES; WATER; TRANSPIRATION; DROUGHT AB In water-limited systems, pulses of rainfall can trigger a cascade of plant physiological responses. However, the timing and size of the physiological response can vary depending on plant and environmental characteristics, such as rooting depth, plant size, rainfall amount, or antecedent soil moisture. We investigated the influence of pulses of rainfall on the response of sap flow of two dominant evergreen tree species, Eucalyptus crebra (a broadleaf) and Callitris glaucophylla (a needle leaved tree), in a remnant open woodland in eastern Australia. Sap flow data were collected using heat-pulse sensors installed in six trees of each species over a 2 year period which encompassed the tail-end of a widespread drought. Our objectives were to estimate the magnitude that a rainfall pulse had to exceed to increase tree water use (i.e., define the threshold response), and to determine how tree and environmental factors influenced the increase in tree water use following a rainfall pulse. We used data filtering techniques to isolate rainfall pulses, and analysed the resulting data with multivariate statistical analysis. We found that rainfall pulses less than 20 mm did not significantly increase tree water use (P > 0.05). Using partial regression analysis to hold all other variables constant, we determined that the size of the rain event (P<0.05, R-2 = 0.59), antecedent soil moisture (P<0.05, R-2 = 0.29), and tree size (DBH, cm, P<0.05, R-2 = 0.15), all significantly affected the response to rainfall. Our results suggest that the conceptual Threshold-Delay model describing physiological responses to rainfall pulses could be modified to include these factors. We further conclude that modelling of stand water use over an annual cycle could be improved by incorporating the T-D behaviour of tree transpiration. C1 [Zeppel, Melanie; Macinnis-Ng, Catriona M. O.; Eamus, Derek] Univ Technol Sydney, Inst Water & Environm Resource Management, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Zeppel, Melanie; Macinnis-Ng, Catriona M. O.; Eamus, Derek] Univ Technol Sydney, Dept Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Ford, Chelcy R.] USDA, US Forest Serv, SRS Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28763 USA. RP Zeppel, M (reprint author), Univ Technol Sydney, Inst Water & Environm Resource Management, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. EM Melanie.Zeppel@uts.edu.au OI Miniat, Chelcy/0000-0002-3266-9783; Zeppel, Melanie/0000-0002-5510-0936; Macinnis-Ng, Cate/0000-0003-3935-9814; Eamus, Derek/0000-0003-2765-8040 NR 41 TC 33 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD APR PY 2008 VL 305 IS 1-2 BP 121 EP 130 DI 10.1007/s11104-007-9349-7 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 277IE UT WOS:000254205100011 ER PT J AU Magnani, E Hake, S AF Magnani, Enrico Hake, Sarah TI KNOX lost the OX: The Arabidopsis KNATM gene defines a novel class of KNOX transcriptional regulators missing the homeodomain SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID TALE HOMEOBOX GENES; INFLORESCENCE ARCHITECTURE; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; TARGET GENES; PROTEIN; DOMAIN; BREVIPEDICELLUS; COMPETENCE; HOMOTHORAX AB Three amino acid loop extension ( TALE) homeodomain transcriptional regulators play a central role in plant and animal developmental programs. Plant KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) and animal Myeloid ecotropic viral integration site (MEIS) proteins share a TALE homeodomain and a MEINOX (MEIS-KNOX) domain, suggesting that an ancestral MEINOX-TALE protein predates the divergence of plants from fungi and animals. In this study, we identify and characterize the Arabidopsis thaliana KNATM gene, which encodes a MEINOX domain but not a homeodomain. Phylogenetic analysis of the KNOX family places KNATM in a new class and shows conservation in dicotyledons. We demonstrate that KNATM selectively interacts with Arabidopsis BELL TALE proteins through the MEINOX domain. The homeodomain is known to be necessary for KNOX KNOX interaction. On the contrary, KNATM specifically dimerizes with the KNOX protein BREVIPEDICELLUS through an acidic coiled-coil domain. KNATM is expressed in proximal-lateral domains of organ primordia and at the boundary of mature organs; in accordance, genetic analyses identify a function for KNATM in leaf proximal-distal patterning. In vivo domain analyses highlighted KNATM functional regions and revealed a role as transcriptional regulator. Taken together, our data reveal a homeodomain-independent mechanism of KNOX dimerization and transcriptional regulation. C1 [Magnani, Enrico; Hake, Sarah] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Magnani, Enrico; Hake, Sarah] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Magnani, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM emagnani@berkeley.edu NR 44 TC 42 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD APR PY 2008 VL 20 IS 4 BP 875 EP 887 DI 10.1105/tpc.108.058495 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 308UT UT WOS:000256416200009 PM 18398054 ER PT J AU Blanco, L Reddy, PM Silvente, S Bucciarelli, B Khandual, S Alvarado-Affantranger, X Sanchez, F Miller, S Vance, C Lara-Flores, M AF Blanco, Lourdes Reddy, Pallavolu M. Silvente, Sonia Bucciarelli, Bruna Khandual, Sanghamitra Alvarado-Affantranger, Xochitl Sanchez, Federico Miller, Susan Vance, Carroll Lara-Flores, Miguel TI Molecular cloning, characterization and regulation of two different NADH-glutamate synthase cDNAs in bean nodules SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Phaseolus vulgaris; carbon and nitrogen compounds; gene expression; promoter analysis; PvNADH-GOGAT ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L; ALFALFA ROOT-NODULES; ASPARAGINE SYNTHETASE GENE; ARBUSCULE-CONTAINING CELLS; NITROGEN ASSIMILATION; ALPHA-AMYLASE; RICE PLANTS; CIS-ELEMENTS; AGROBACTERIUM-RHIZOGENES; AMMONIUM ASSIMILATION AB NADH-dependent glutamate synthase (NADH-GOGAT) is a key enzyme in primary ammonia assimilation in Phaseolus vulgaris nodules. Two different types of cDNA clones of PvNADH-GOGAT were isolated from the nodule cDNA libraries. The full-length cDNA clones of PvNADH-GOGAT-I (7.4 kb) and PvNADH-GOGAT-II (7.0 kb), which displayed an 83% homology between them, were isolated using cDNA library screening, 'cDNA library walking' and RT-PCR amplification. Southern analysis employing specific 5' cDNA probes derived from PvNADH-GOGAT-I and PvNADH-GOGAT-II indicated the existence of a single copy of each gene in the bean genome. Both these proteins contain similar to 100 amino acid sequences theoretically addressing each isoenzyme to different subcellular compartments. RT-PCR analysis indicated that PvNADH-GOGAT-II expression is higher than PvNADH-GOGAT-I during nodule development. Expression analysis by RT-PCR also revealed that both of these genes are differentially regulated by sucrose. On the other hand, the expression of PvNADH-GOGAT-I, but not PvNADH-GOGAT-II, was inhibited with nitrogen compounds. In situ hybridization and promoter expression analyses demonstrated that the NADH-GOGAT-I and -II genes are differentially expressed in bean root and nodule tissues. In silico analyses of the NADH-GOGAT promoters revealed the presence of potential cis elements in them that could mediate differential tissue-specific, and sugar and amino acid responsive expression of these genes. C1 [Blanco, Lourdes; Reddy, Pallavolu M.; Silvente, Sonia; Khandual, Sanghamitra; Lara-Flores, Miguel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Genomicas, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. [Alvarado-Affantranger, Xochitl; Sanchez, Federico] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biotechnol, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. [Bucciarelli, Bruna; Miller, Susan; Vance, Carroll] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bucciarelli, Bruna; Miller, Susan; Vance, Carroll] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Lara-Flores, M (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Genomicas, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. EM lara@ccg.unam.mx NR 88 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD APR PY 2008 VL 31 IS 4 BP 454 EP 472 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01774.x PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 274DC UT WOS:000253981000005 PM 18182018 ER PT J AU Cavaleri, MA Oberbauer, SF Ryan, MG AF Cavaleri, Molly A. Oberbauer, Steven F. Ryan, Michael G. TI Foliar and ecosystem respiration in an old-growth tropical rain forest SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE autotrophic respiration; canopy structure; carbon balance; foliar N; foliar P; LMA; photosynthesis; plant functional group; Q(10); tropical wet forest ID GLOBAL TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; CARBON-USE EFFICIENCY; LEAF-AREA; SEASONAL-VARIATION; DARK RESPIRATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CO2 EFFLUX; TEMPERATURE; CANOPY; NITROGEN AB Foliar respiration is a major component of ecosystem respiration, yet extrapolations are often uncertain in tropical forests because of indirect estimates of leaf area index (LAI). A portable tower was used to directly measure LAI and night-time foliar respiration from 52 vertical transects throughout an old-growth tropical rain forest in Costa Rica. In this study, we (1) explored the effects of structural, functional and environmental variables on foliar respiration; (2) extrapolated foliar respiration to the ecosystem; and (3) estimated ecosystem respiration. Foliar respiration temperature response was constant within plant functional group, and foliar morphology drove much of the within-canopy variability in respiration and foliar nutrients. Foliar respiration per unit ground area was 3.5 +/- 0.2 mu mol CO2 m(-2) s(-1), and ecosystem respiration was 9.4 +/- 0.5 mu mol CO2 m(-2) s(-1) [soil = 41%; foliage = 37%; woody = 14%; coarse woody debris (CWD) = 7%]. When modelled with El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) year temperatures, foliar respiration was 9% greater than when modelled with temperatures from a normal year, which is in the range of carbon sink versus source behaviour for this forest. Our ecosystem respiration estimate from component fluxes was 33% greater than night-time net ecosystem exchange for the same forest, suggesting that studies reporting a large carbon sink for tropical rain forests based solely on eddy flux measurements may be in error. C1 [Cavaleri, Molly A.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Cavaleri, Molly A.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. [Oberbauer, Steven F.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Oberbauer, Steven F.] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Cavaleri, MA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM mollycavaleri@gmail.com RI Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008 OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738 NR 56 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 22 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD APR PY 2008 VL 31 IS 4 BP 473 EP 483 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01775.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 274DC UT WOS:000253981000006 PM 18182017 ER PT J AU Sacks, EJ AF Sacks, Erik J. TI Ovule rescue efficiency of Gossypium hirsutum x G. arboreum progeny from field-grown fruit is affected by media composition and antimicrobial compounds SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE antibiotic; benomyl; cefotaxime; cotton; interspecific hybridization ID COTTON GOSSYPIUM; PLANT-REGENERATION; IN-VITRO; SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS; ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA; EMBRYO CULTURE; L.; HYBRIDIZATION; REQUIREMENTS; CROSSABILITY AB Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is reproductively isolated from G. arboreum L. via post-zygotic breeding barriers. Literature on somatic embryogenesis of cotton suggests a number of media modifications that might also prove useful for ovule rescue of interspecific crosses. Additionally, endogenous microbes are common in field grown cotton and these potential contaminants must be controlled if interspecific progeny are to be obtained via large-scale field crossing followed by ovule or embryo culture. This study compared nine tissue culture media and two antimicrobial overlay treatments in a factorial design. The overlay treatments were: a 2 ml overlay of 250 mg l(-1) cefotaxime, 50 mg l(-1) tetracycline HCl, 2.5 mg l(-1) amphotericin B, and 50 mg l(-1) benomyl applied when the ovules were plated, and no overlay. All of the media in the factorial also contained 250 mg l(-1) cefotaxime. Crosses were made in a field at Stoneville, MS between the upland cultivar DeltaPine 90 and the G. arboreum accession A(2)-190. Antimicrobial compounds greatly improved the efficiency of obtaining interspecific cotton progenies from field-grown fruit. Germination was not affected by the overlay nor did overlay treatment interact with media. Media significantly affected germination. Of the media studied, the highest frequency of germination was observed for MSB with 1.9 g l(-1) additional KNO3. The addition of 0.5 g l(-1) asparagine and 1 g l(-1) glutamine did not affect the number of seedlings obtained. A filter paper growing surface or the addition of 0.5 mg l(-1) NAA and 0.05 mg l(-1) kinetin were disadvantageous. C1 USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Sacks, EJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 141 Expt St Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM eric_sacks@lycos.com NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD APR PY 2008 VL 93 IS 1 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1007/s11240-007-9316-2 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 276AW UT WOS:000254114500002 ER PT J AU Jia, Y Gealy, D Lin, MJ Wu, L Black, H AF Jia, Y. Gealy, D. Lin, M. J. Wu, L. Black, H. TI Carolina foxtail (Alopecurus carolinianus): Susceptibility and suitability as an alternative host to rice blast disease (Magnaporthe oryzae [formerly M. grisea]) SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Rice Blast Conference 2007 CY JAN 14, 2007 CL San Diego, CA DE Pyricularia grisea; Oryza sativa ID PYRICULARIA-GRISEA; VIRULENCE; FUNGUS AB Carolina foxtail (Alopecurus carolinianus) has not been reported to host Magnaporthe oryzae. A collection of Carolina foxtail obtained from several Arkansas locations over a 4-year period was inoculated with four races of the fungus under greenhouse conditions and, in all cases, inoculation resulted in the formation of irregular, yellow and brown lesions without obvious gray centers that are characteristic for blast on rice. Differences in these lesions were not observed among our collection. These lesions appeared to differ from typical blast lesions on inoculated rice leaves but were evident following artificial inoculation of Carolina foxtail in the greenhouse. M. oryzae races that differed in pathogenicity toward rice cultivars also displayed differences in lesion development on Carolina foxtail. The most virulent race on rice cultivars also produced lesions most rapidly on Carolina foxtail. These lesions developed more quickly on Carolina foxtail than on the most susceptible rice cultivars tested, including a susceptible California cultivar, M202. M. oryzae isolates cultured from these lesions in the infected Carolina foxtail caused typical disease symptoms of blast on inoculated rice cultivars. We suggest that Carolina foxtail is a new and previously unrecognized host for the blast pathogen. C1 [Jia, Y.; Gealy, D.; Black, H.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Lin, M. J.; Wu, L.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Jia, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM yulin.jia@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 504 EP 507 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0504 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500002 ER PT J AU Deng, X Chen, J Feng, Z Shan, Z Guo, H Zhu, J Li, H Civerolo, EL AF Deng, X. Chen, J. Feng, Z. Shan, Z. Guo, H. Zhu, J. Li, H. Civerolo, E. L. TI Identification and characterization of the Huanglongbing bacterium in pummelo from multiple locations in Guangdong, P. R. China SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Citrus grandis; beta-operon ID SAO-PAULO STATE; GREENING DISEASE; PCR DETECTION; CITRUS; CANDIDATUS; PROKARYOTES; SEQUENCE; PROPOSAL; BRAZIL AB Huanglongbing (HLB, yellow shoot disease, ex. citrus greening disease), caused by Candidatus Liberibacter spp., is highly destructive to citrus production in Asia, Africa, and South America. Although primarily affecting sweet orange and mandarin, HLB has long been observed in pummelo in Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China; however, the disease in pummelo has received little research attention. Accordingly, it remains unclear how closely related the strains of Ca. Liberibacter in pummelo are to those in other citrus species. In this study, the loci of 16S rDNA, rplAJ (beta-operon of ribosomal protein), and an outer membrane protein (omp) gene were analyzed and characterized among strains of Ca. Liberibacter in pummelo samples from six different locations in Guangdong. Sequence comparisons indicated that 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', but not 'Ca. Liberibacter africanus' or 'Ca. Liberibacter americanus', was exclusively associated with HLB symptoms in pummelo. The pummelo strains of 'Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus' from Guangdong were highly homogeneous. Analyses of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the omp locus showed that the Guangdong pummelo strains grouped with 'Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus' strains from Thailand, Nepal, and an unspecified location in China but differed from the Philippine and China-Behai strains. Based on the sequence homogeneity at the omp locus, the history of pummelo culture and the means by which HLB is known to be spread, we believe that, likely, the pummelo strain of 'Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus' recently was spread to pummelo in the study areas from infected sweet orange or mandarin trees by insect vectors or by propagation of pummelo infected elsewhere. C1 [Chen, J.; Civerolo, E. L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Crops Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. [Deng, X.; Feng, Z.; Shan, Z.; Guo, H.; Li, H.] S China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Lab Citrus Huanglongbing Res, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Zhu, J.] Bur Sci & Technol, Maoming, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Chen, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Crops Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. EM jichen@fresno.ars.usda.gov; hpli@scau.edu.cn NR 24 TC 15 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 513 EP 518 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0513 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500004 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Parker, PE Cook, AZ Gottwald, TR AF Bock, C. H. Parker, P. E. Cook, A. Z. Gottwald, T. R. TI Visual rating and the use of image analysis for assessing different symptoms of citrus canker on grapefruit leaves SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE disease incidence; disease intensity; epidemiology; infection ID AXONOPODIS PV.-CITRI; DISEASE ASSESSMENT; ACCURACY; PRECISION; SEVERITY; QUANTIFICATION; RELIABILITY; DISPERSAL; LESIONS; BLIGHT AB Citrus canker is caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and infects several citrus species in wet tropical and subtropical citrus growing regions. Accurate, precise, and reproducible disease assessment is needed for monitoring epidemics and disease response in breeding material. The objective of this study was to assess reproducibility of image analysis (IA) for measuring severity of canker symptoms and to compare this to visual assessments made by three visual raters (VR1-3) for various symptom types (lesion numbers, % area necrotic, and % area necrotic+chlorotic), and to assess inter- and intra-VR reproducibility. Digital images of 210 citrus leaves with a range of symptom severity were assessed on two separate occasions. IA was more precise than VRs for all symptom types (inter-assessment correlation coefficients, r, for lesion numbers by IA = 0.99, by VRs = 0.89 to 0.94; for %, r for % area necrotic+chlorotic for IA = 0.97 and for VRs 0.86 to 0.89; and r for % area necrotic for IA = 0.96 and for VRs = 0.74 to 0.85). Accuracy based on Lin's concordance coefficient also followed a similar pattern, with IA being most consistently accurate for all symptom types (bias correction factor, C-b = 0.99 to 1.00) compared to visual raters (C-b = 0.85 to 1.00). Lesion number was the most reproducible symptom assessment (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient, rho(c), = 0.76 to 0.99), followed by % area necrotic+chlorotic (rho(c) = 0.85 to 0.97), and finally % area necrotic (rho(c) = 0.72 to 0.96). Based on the "true" value provided by IA, precision among VRs was reasonable for number of lesions per leaf (r = 0.88 to 0.94), slightly less precision for % area necrotic+chlorotic (r = 0.87 to 0.92), and poorest precision for % area necrotic (r = 0.77 to 0.83). Loss in accuracy was less, but showed a similar trend with counts of lesion numbers (C-b = 0.93 to 0.99) which was more consistently accurately reproduced by VRs than either % area necrotic (C-b = 0.85 to 0.99) or % area necrotic+chlorotic (C-b = 0.91 to 1.00). Thus, visual raters suffered losses in both precision and accuracy, with loss in precision estimating % area necrotic being the greatest. Indeed, only for % area necrotic was there a significant effect of rater (a two-way random effects model ANOVA returned a P 0.001 and 0.016 for rater in assessments I and 2, respectively). VRs showed a marked preference for clustering of % area severity estimates, especially at severity >20% area (e.g., 25, 30, 35, 40, etc.), yet VRs were prepared to estimate disease of <1 % area, and at 1% increments up to 20%. There was a linear relationship between actual disease (IA assessments) and VRs. IA appears to provide a highly reproducible way to assess canker-infected leaves for disease, but symptom characters (symptom heterogeneity.. coalescence of lesions) could lead to discrepancies in results, and full automation of the system remains to be tested. C1 [Bock, C. H.] USDA, Univ Florida, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Parker, P. E.; Cook, A. Z.] USDA, APHIS PPQ, Moore Air Base, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. [Gottwald, T. R.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), USDA, Univ Florida, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM clive.bock@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 530 EP 541 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0530 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500006 ER PT J AU Campbell, LG Klotz, KL Smith, LJ AF Campbell, L. G. Klotz, K. L. Smith, L. J. TI Postharvest storage losses associated with rhizomania in sugar beet SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Beta vulgaris L.; BNYVV; long-term storage ID VARIETIES; GENOTYPE; ROT AB During storage of sugar beet, respiration and rots consume sucrose and produce invert sugar. Diseases that occur in the field can affect the magnitude of these losses. This research examines the storage of roots with rhizomania (caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus) and the effectiveness of rhizomania-resistant hybrids in reducing postharvest losses. Roots of susceptible hybrids from sites with rhizomania had respiration rates 30 days after harvest (DAH) that ranged from 0.68 to 2.79 mg of CO2 kg(-1) h(-1) higher than roots of the resistant hybrids. This difference ranged from 2.60 to 13.88 Mg of CO2 kg(-1) h(-1) 120 DAH. Roots of resistant hybrids from sites with rhizomania had 18 kg more sucrose per ton than roots from susceptible hybrids 30 DAH, with this difference increasing to 55 kg Mg-1 120 DAH. The invert sugar concentration of susceptible hybrids from sites with rhizomania ranged from 8.38 to 287 g per 100 g of sucrose higher than that for resistant hybrids 120 DAH. In contrast, differences between susceptible and resistant hybrids in respiration rate, sucrose loss, and invert sugar concentration in the absence of rhizomania were relatively small. Storage losses due to rhizomania can be minimized by planting resistant hybrids and processing roots from fields with rhizomania soon after harvest. C1 [Campbell, L. G.; Klotz, K. L.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Smith, L. J.] Univ Minnesota, NW Res & Outreach Ctr, Crookston, MN 56716 USA. RP Campbell, LG (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM larry.campbell@ars.usda.gov OI Fugate, Karen/0000-0001-9543-6832 NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 575 EP 580 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0575 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500012 ER PT J AU Strausbaugh, CA Rearick, E Camp, S Gallian, JJ Dyer, AT AF Strausbaugh, Carl A. Rearick, Eugene Camp, Stacey Gallian, John J. Dyer, Alan T. TI Influence of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus on sugar beet storability SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID STORAGE ROT; REGISTRATION; RHIZOMANIA; RESISTANCE; SUCROSE AB Rhizomania caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and storage losses are serious sugar beet production problems. To investigate the influence of BNYVV on storability, six sugar beet cultivars varying for resistance to BNYVV were grown in 2005 and 2006 in southern Idaho fields with and without BNYVV-infested soil. At harvest, samples from each cultivar were placed in an outdoor ventilated pile in Twin Falls, ID and were removed at 40-day intervals starting at the end of October. After 144 and 142 days in storage, sugar reduction across cultivars averaged 20 and 13% without and 68 and 21% with BNYVV for the 2005 and 2006 roots, respectively. In the December samplings, frozen root area was 1 and 2% without and 25 and 41% with BNYVV for the 2005 and 2006 roots, respectively. Root rot was always worse with stored roots from BYNVV-infested soil in December, January, and February samplings. Root weight loss was variable in 2005; however, in 2006, an increase in weight reduction always was associated with BNYVV-infested roots. In order to prevent losses in rhizomania-infested areas, cultivars should be selected for storability as well as rhizomania resistance. C1 [Strausbaugh, Carl A.] USDA ARS, NWISRL, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Rearick, Eugene] Amalgamated Res Inc, Twin Falls, ID 83301 USA. [Camp, Stacey] Amalgamated Sugar Co, Paul, ID 83347 USA. [Gallian, John J.] Univ Idaho, Res & Extens Ctr, Twin Falls, ID 83303 USA. [Dyer, Alan T.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Strausbaugh, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, NWISRL, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM carl.strausbaugh@ars.usda.gov OI Strausbaugh, Carl/0000-0001-6773-1375 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 581 EP 587 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0581 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500013 ER PT J AU Oudemans, PV Polashock, JJ Vinyard, BT AF Oudemans, Peter V. Polashock, James J. Vinyard, Bryan T. TI Fairy ring disease of cranberry: Assessment of crop losses and impact on cultivar genotype SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE seed bank AB Fairy ring is a disease of cultivated cranberry common in the eastern growing regions of the United States, especially New Jersey and Massachusetts. Rings may persist for many years, and current control recommendations are costly and largely ineffective. The goal of this study was to accurately assess the impact of this disease on cranberry, a long-lived, high-value, perennial crop. The rate of fairy ring expansion, rate of formation of new rings, and distribution of rings across three cultivars were determined using a geographical information system (GIS) database that incorporated aerial and satellite imagery. Ring growth rates, estimated from imagery collected over a 10-year period in cv. Ben Lear, averaged 0.455 m in radius per year. Rings were observed in 'Ben Lear' three times more frequently than in either 'Early Black' or 'Stevens' cultivars. Direct sampling showed that estimates for yield within rings were 22 to 68% less than unaffected areas of the field for cv. Ben Lear. These estimates included the effects of fruit rot, which was elevated within rings to 18 to 29% of the total harvest. The impact on yield of 'Stevens' and 'Early Black' was lower than in 'Ben Lear'. Most cranberry cultivars are clonal and variation in fruit morphology within rings, particularly in 'Ben Lear', prompted an analysis of vine genotype. Areas affected by fairy ring in 'Ben Lear' showed an increase in genetic diversity at least 0.4 to 4 times that of unaffected areas. Therefore, it appears that fairy ring not only directly reduces yield but also can increase the host genetic diversity. This likely is due to increased seedling establishment resulting from seed drop when fruit decompose. Because seedlings typically yield less than the parental cultivar, the increase in genetic diversity also may contribute to long-term reduction of productivity in a cranberry field. C1 [Oudemans, Peter V.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Polashock, James J.] USDA ARS, Blueberry & Cranberry Res & Extens Ctr, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Vinyard, Bryan T.] USDA ARS, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Oudemans, PV (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. EM oudemans@aesop.rutgers.edu OI Oudemans, Peter/0000-0001-7564-0641 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 616 EP 622 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0616 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500018 ER PT J AU Hollingsworth, CR Atkinson, LM Samac, DA Larsen, JE Motteberg, CD Abrahamson, MD Glogoza, P MacRae, IV AF Hollingsworth, C. R. Atkinson, L. M. Samac, D. A. Larsen, J. E. Motteberg, C. D. Abrahamson, M. D. Glogoza, P. MacRae, I. V. TI Region and field level distributions of aster yellows phytoplasma in small grain crops SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Avena sativa; Hordeum vulgare; oat; Triticum aestivum; wheat ID LEAFHOPPER HOMOPTERA; PHYTOPATHOGENIC MOLLICUTES; MYCOPLASMALIKE ORGANISMS; SPATIAL-PATTERN; HOST-PLANT; CICADELLIDAE; DISEASE; CLASSIFICATION; PHYLOGENY; LETTUCE AB Aster yellows (AY), a disease of small grain crops caused by aster yellows phytoplasma (AYp), produces disease symptoms similar to barley yellow dwarf (BYD). From 2003 to 2005, small grain production fields in Minnesota and North Dakota were surveyed to determine the incidences of AY and BYD. In-field spatial patterns of AY-infected plants also were investigated. Plants collected along a five-point transect line were tested for AYp using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR assays, and extracted plant sap was tested for serotypes PAV and RPV of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. During 2003, 2004, and 2005, AYp was detected in plants from 49, 15, and 7% of tested fields, respectively, whereas BYDV was found in plants from 2, 0, and 5% of fields, respectively. Average amplicon count number indicated an in-field spatial trend for greater incidence of AYp and increased populations of AYp in plants located near field edges, with comparably low copy numbers at transect point locations toward the direction of field center. AY is likely a common but largely undetected disease on small grain crops in the Upper Midwest. C1 [Hollingsworth, C. R.; Atkinson, L. M.; Motteberg, C. D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, NW Res & Outreach Ctr, Crookston, MN 56716 USA. [Samac, D. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Larsen, J. E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Abrahamson, M. D.] Minnesota Dept Agr, St Paul, MN 55155 USA. [Glogoza, P.] Univ Minnesota Extens, Reg Ctr, Moorhead, MN 56560 USA. [MacRae, I. V.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, NW Res & Outreach Ctr, Crookston, MN USA. RP Hollingsworth, CR (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, NW Res & Outreach Ctr, Crookston, MN 56716 USA. EM holli030@umn.edu NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 623 EP 630 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0623 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500019 ER PT J AU Dong, WB Holbrook, CC Timper, P Brenneman, TB Chu, Y Ozias-Akins, P AF Dong, W. B. Holbrook, C. C. Timper, P. Brenneman, T. B. Chu, Y. Ozias-Akins, P. TI Resistance in peanut cultivars and breeding lines to three root-knot nematode species SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Arachis hypogaea; greenhouse screening ID MELOIDOGYNE-ARENARIA; ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA; GERMPLASM LINES; DAMAGE FUNCTIONS; RFLP MARKERS; REGISTRATION; IDENTIFICATION; CARDENASII; JAVANICA; PLANTS AB Three major species of root-knot nematode infect peanut: Meloidogyne arenaria race 1, M. hapla, and M. javanica race 3. Sources of resistance to all three nematodes are needed for developing novel peanut cultivars; with broad resistance to Meloidogyne spp. Cultivars and breeding lines of peanut were evaluated for resistance to M. arenaria, M. hapla, and M. javanica in the greenhouse and in the laboratory. Twenty-six genotypes with some resistance to M. arenaria, M. javanica, or M. hapla were identified from 60 accessions based on average eggs per gram of root and gall index relative to a susceptible control. Among these, 14 genotypes were moderately to highly resistant to all three species, 5 genotypes were resistant to M. arenaria and M. javanica, 2 genotypes were resistant to M. javanica and M. hapla, 1 genotype was resistant M. arenaria alone, and 4 genotypes were resistant to M. hapla alone. Reproduction of M. arenaria on lines NR 0817, C724-19-11, and D108 was highly variable, indicating that these genotypes likely were heterogeneous for resistance. COAN, NemaTAM, C724-25-8, and the M. arenaria-resistant plants of C724-19-11 contained the dominant sequence-characterized amplified region market (197/909) for nematode resistance. Results with the molecular markers indicate that the high resistance to M. arenaria in GP-NC WS 6 may be different from the resistance in COAN, NemaTAM, and C724-25-8. Resistance to M. arenaria was correlated with resistance to M. javanica in peanut, whereas resistance to M. hapla was not correlated with the resistance to either M. arenaria or M. javanica. The resistant selections should be valuable sources for pyramiding resistance genes to develop new cultivars with broad and durable resistance to Meloidogyne spp. C1 [Dong, W. B.; Brenneman, T. B.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Timper, P.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Chu, Y.; Ozias-Akins, P.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Dong, WB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM wbdong@uga.edu NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 631 EP 638 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0631 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500020 ER PT J AU Akad, F Webb, S Nyoike, TW Liburd, OE Turechek, W Adkins, S Polston, JE AF Akad, F. Webb, S. Nyoike, T. W. Liburd, O. E. Turechek, W. Adkins, S. Polston, J. E. TI Detection of Cucurbit leaf crumple virus in Florida cucurbits SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; DEGENERATE PRIMERS C1 [Akad, F.; Polston, J. E.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Webb, S.; Nyoike, T. W.; Liburd, O. E.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Turechek, W.; Adkins, S.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Akad, F (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 2 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 648 EP 648 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0648C PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500025 ER PT J AU Jordan, RL Guaragna, MA Van Buren, T Putnam, ML AF Jordan, R. L. Guaragna, M. A. Van Buren, T. Putnam, M. L. TI First report of a new potyvirus, Tricyrtis virus Y, and Lily virus X, a potexvirus, in Tricyrtis formosana in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Jordan, R. L.; Guaragna, M. A.; Van Buren, T.] USDA, ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plant Res Unit, Beltsville, MD USA. [Putnam, M. L.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Jordan, RL (reprint author), USDA, ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plant Res Unit, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 648 EP 648 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0648A PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500023 ER PT J AU Girsova, N Bottner, KD Mozhaeva, KA Kastalyeva, TB Owens, RA Lee, IM AF Girsova, N. Bottner, K. D. Mozhaeva, K. A. Kastalyeva, T. B. Owens, R. A. Lee, I. M. TI Molecular detection and identification of group 16SrI and 16SrXII phytoplasmas associated with diseased potatoes in Russia SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Girsova, N.; Mozhaeva, K. A.; Kastalyeva, T. B.] Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Bolshie Vyasiomy 143050, Moscow, Russia. [Bottner, K. D.; Owens, R. A.; Lee, I. M.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Girsova, N (reprint author), Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Bolshie Vyasiomy 143050, Moscow, Russia. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 654 EP 654 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0654A PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500041 ER PT J AU Lee, IM Bottner, KD Dally, EL Davis, RE AF Lee, I. M. Bottner, K. D. Dally, E. L. Davis, R. E. TI First report of purple coneflower phyllody associated with a 16SrI-B phytoplasma in Maryland SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Lee, I. M.; Bottner, K. D.; Dally, E. L.; Davis, R. E.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lee, IM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 654 EP 654 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0654B PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500042 ER PT J AU Ling, KS Kousik, CS Keinath, AP AF Ling, K. S. Kousik, C. S. Keinath, A. P. TI First report of southern blight on bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in South Carolina SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Ling, K. S.; Kousik, C. S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. [Keinath, A. P.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Ling, KS (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 4 BP 656 EP 656 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0656C PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278DJ UT WOS:000254263500049 ER PT J AU Dietrich, CR Han, G Chen, M Berg, RH Dunn, TM Cahoon, EB AF Dietrich, Charles R. Han, Gongshe Chen, Ming Berg, R. Howard Dunn, Teresa M. Cahoon, Edgar B. TI Loss-of-function mutations and inducible RNAi suppression of Arabidopsis LCB2 genes reveal the critical role of sphingolipids in gametophytic and sporophytic cell viability SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE sphingolipid; ceramide; long-chain base; pollen; endomembrane ID SERINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; LIPID RAFTS; PLANT-CELLS; THALIANA; POLLEN; DEATH; SACCHAROMYCES; METABOLISM; EXPRESSION AB Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the first step in sphingolipid biosynthesis, and downregulation of this enzyme provides a means for exploring sphingolipid function in cells. We have previously demonstrated that Arabidopsis SPT requires LCB1 and LCB2 subunits for activity, as is the case in other eukaryotes. In this study, we show that Arabidopsis has two genes (AtLCB2a and AtLCB2b) that encode functional isoforms of the LCB2 subunit. No alterations in sphingolipid content or growth were observed in T-DNA mutants for either gene, but homozygous double mutants were not recoverable, suggesting that these genes are functionally redundant. Reciprocal crosses conducted with Atlcb2a and Atlcb2b mutants indicated that lethality is associated primarily with the inability to transmit the lcb2 null genotype through the haploid pollen. Consistent with this, approximately 50% of the pollen obtained from plants homozygous for a mutation in one gene and heterozygous for a mutation in the second gene arrested during transition from uni-nucleate microspore to bicellular pollen. Ultrastructural analyses revealed that these pollen grains contained aberrant endomembranes and lacked an intine layer. To examine sphingolipid function in sporophytic cells, Arabidopsis lines were generated that allowed inducible RNAi silencing of AtLCB2b in an Atlcb2a mutant background. Studies conducted with these lines demonstrated that sphingolipids are essential throughout plant development, and that lethality resulting from LCB2 silencing in seedlings could be partially rescued by supplying exogenous long-chain bases. Overall, these studies provide insights into the genetic and biochemical properties of SPT and sphingolipid function in Arabidopsis. C1 [Dietrich, Charles R.; Cahoon, Edgar B.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. [Han, Gongshe; Dunn, Teresa M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Cahoon, EB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, 975 N Warson Rd, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. EM ecahoon@danforthcenter.org RI Berg, R. Howard/M-2839-2013 OI Berg, R. Howard/0000-0001-5081-2769 NR 50 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 54 IS 2 BP 284 EP 298 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03420.x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 285RA UT WOS:000254792700009 PM 18208516 ER PT J AU Portnoy, V Benyamini, Y Bar, E Harel-Beja, R Gepstein, S Giovannoni, JJ Schaffer, AA Burger, J Tadmor, Y Lewinsohn, E Katzir, N AF Portnoy, Vitaly Benyamini, Yael Bar, Einat Harel-Beja, Rotem Gepstein, Shimon Giovannoni, James J. Schaffer, Arthur A. Burger, Joseph Tadmor, Yaakov Lewinsohn, Efraim Katzir, Nurit TI The molecular and biochemical basis for varietal variation in sesquiterpene content in melon (Cucumis melo L.) rinds SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cucumis melo L.; sesquiterpene synthases; alpha-farnesene; delta-cadinene; CmTpsNY; CmTpsDul ID CHARENTAIS CANTALOUPE MELONS; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; VOLATILE COMPOUNDS; BACTERIAL EXPRESSION; BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CDNA ISOLATION; GENE FAMILY; GRAND FIR; SYNTHASE AB A combined chemical, biochemical and molecular study was conducted to understand the differential accumulation of volatile sesquiterpenes in melon fruits. Sesquiterpenes were present mainly in the rinds of climacteric varieties, and a great diversity in their composition was found among varieties. Sesquiterpenes were generally absent in non-climacteric varieties. Two climacteric melon varieties, the green-fleshed 'Noy Yizre'el', and the orange-fleshed 'Dulce' were further examined. In 'Noy Yizre'el' the main sesquiterpenes accumulated are delta-cadinene, gamma-cadinene and alpha-copaene, while alpha-farnesene is the main sesquiterpene in 'Dulce'. Sesquiterpene synthase activities, mainly restricted to rinds of mature fruits, were shown to generate different sesquiterpenes in each variety according to the compositions found in rinds. EST melon database mining yielded two novel cDNAs coding for members of the Tps gene family termed CmTpsNY and CmTpsDul respectively, that are 43.2% similar. Heterologous expression in E. coli of CmTpsNY produced mainly delta-copaene, alpha-copaene, beta-caryophyllene, germacrene D, alpha-muurolene, gamma-cadinene, delta-cadinene, and alpha-cadinene, while CmTpsDul produced alpha-farnesene only. CmTpsNY was mostly expressed in 'Noy Yizre'el' rind while CmTpsDul expression was specific to 'Dulce' rind. None of these genes was expressed in rinds of the non-climacteric 'Tam Dew' cultivar. Our results indicate that different sesquiterpene synthases encoded by different members of the Tps gene family are active in melon varieties and this specificity modulates the accumulation of sesquiterpenes. The genes are differentially transcriptionally regulated during fruit development and according to variety and are likely to be associated with chemical differences responsible for the unique aromas of melon varieties. C1 [Portnoy, Vitaly; Benyamini, Yael; Bar, Einat; Harel-Beja, Rotem; Burger, Joseph; Tadmor, Yaakov; Lewinsohn, Efraim; Katzir, Nurit] Agr Res Org, Inst Plant Sci, Newe Yaar Res Ctr, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. [Gepstein, Shimon] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Biol, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schaffer, Arthur A.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Lewinsohn, E (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Inst Plant Sci, Newe Yaar Res Ctr, POB 1021, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. EM twefraim@agri.gov.il NR 63 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 66 IS 6 BP 647 EP 661 DI 10.1007/s11103-008-9296-6 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 276AY UT WOS:000254114700007 PM 18264780 ER PT J AU Shaw, DV Hansen, J Browne, GT Shaw, SM AF Shaw, D. V. Hansen, J. Browne, G. T. Shaw, S. M. TI Components of genetic variation for resistance of strawberry to Phytophthora cactorum estimated using segregating seedling populations and their parent genotypes SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fragaria x ananassa; heritability; offspring-parent covariance; strawberry crown rot; strawberry runner plants ID BREEDING POPULATION; REGRESSION; FRAGARIAE; CULTIVARS; SELECTION AB Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) seedlings from 50 bi-parental crosses among 20 elite genotypes were evaluated for resistance to Phytophthora cactorum after artificial inoculation. Plots of seedlings or runner plants were rated using a disease severity score and the percentage of stunted plants per plot. The distribution of cross means for percentages of plants with stunting was highly skewed; 79% of the inoculated seedlings showed some level of stunting compared to non-inoculated control seedlings, and all but one of the crosses had 50% or more stunted plants. Disease severity scores for the bi-parental crosses were normally distributed and expressed a range of variation not reflected by the percentage of visibly stunted plants. Factorial analysis based on seedling plot means demonstrated significant additive genetic variance for the disease severity score, and the additive genetic variance was 1.9 times greater than the estimated dominance variance. The cross-mean heritability was h(c)(2) = 0.63 for the severity score. Estimates of the additive genetic variance component using the covariance of severity scores obtained from the seedling analysis and with severity scores for their parents evaluated in a commercial environment were similar, sigma(2)(a) = 0.39 and 0.30, respectively. Most of the selection response obtained through genotypic selection would thus be transferred to segregating offspring. C1 [Shaw, D. V.; Hansen, J.; Shaw, S. M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Browne, G. T.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Shaw, DV (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dvshaw@ucdavis.edu NR 26 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 57 IS 2 BP 210 EP 215 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007.01773.x PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 277DP UT WOS:000254193200002 ER PT J AU Inman, A Magnus, HA Riccioni, L Hughes, K Coates, M Barnes, A Barton, V Sansford, C Valvassori, M Di Giambattista, G Porta-Puglia, A Razzaghian, J Peterson, G AF Inman, A. Magnus, H. A. Riccioni, L. Hughes, K. Coates, M. Barnes, A. Barton, V. Sansford, C. Valvassori, M. Di Giambattista, G. Porta-Puglia, A. Razzaghian, J. Peterson, G. TI Survival of Tilletia indica teliospores under European soil conditions SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Karnal bunt; pest risk analysis; soilborne inoculum; spore germination; Triticum aestivum; wheat ID KARNAL-BUNT; GERMINATION; WHEAT AB As part of developing a European Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) for Tilletia indica, the causal agent of Karnal bunt of wheat, teliospore survival studies were done outside under quarantine containment at three European sites (Norway, UK, Italy). At each site, experiments were set up in three consecutive years (Experiments 1, 2 & 3) to determine teliospore survival over time (1-3 years) at 5, 10 and 20 cm depths. Experiments were sampled annually and survival assessed in relation to teliospore recovery and to germination at recovery (T0) and 3 months after recovery in case of burial-induced dormancy (T3). Teliospores survived at all three sites at all depths over all the time periods studied. At each site, there was no evidence of a marked decline in teliospore recovery between sampling years, except in one set of years in one Norwegian experiment. There was no consistent effect of depth on recovery. In general there was little evidence for a marked decline in teliospore germination between sampling years. There was some evidence of a decrease in germination with increasing depth in the UK, and for some time-depth interactions. After 3 years' incubation (Experiment 1), mean teliospore recovery and mean germination were: UK: 61% recovery and 31% (33%) germination for T0 (and T3); Italy: 30% recovery and 36% (29%) germination; and Norway: 12% recovery and 19% (49%) germination. Germination for laboratory controls ranged from 20-59% (UK), 18-41% (Italy) and 28-59% (Norway). There was no evidence for burial-induced dormancy except in Norway. Teliospores of T. indica can survive for at least three years in European soils. This prolonged period of survival could support establishment of the pathogen if it were introduced into areas of European cereal production. C1 [Inman, A.; Hughes, K.; Coates, M.; Barnes, A.; Barton, V.; Sansford, C.; Di Giambattista, G.] Cent Sci Lab, York YO41 1LZ, N Yorkshire, England. [Riccioni, L.; Valvassori, M.; Di Giambattista, G.; Porta-Puglia, A.] CRA PAV, I-00156 Rome, Italy. [Magnus, H. A.; Razzaghian, J.] Bioforsk Plant Hlth & Plant Protect, N-1432 As, Norway. [Peterson, G.] USDA ARS, FD WSRU, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Inman, A (reprint author), Cent Sci Lab, York YO41 1LZ, N Yorkshire, England. EM alan.inman@defra.gsi.gov.uk NR 40 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 57 IS 2 BP 290 EP 300 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007.01766.x PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 277DP UT WOS:000254193200011 ER PT J AU Deng, X Chen, J Shan, Z Zhou, G Li, H Civerolo, EL AF Deng, X. Chen, J. Shan, Z. Zhou, G. Li, H. Civerolo, E. L. TI Identification of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' from foshou (Citrus medica) in China SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Deng, X.; Shan, Z.; Zhou, G.; Li, H.] S China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Lab Citrus Huanglongbing Res, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J.; Civerolo, E. L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Deng, X (reprint author), S China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Lab Citrus Huanglongbing Res, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM jichen@fresno.ars.usda.gov NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 57 IS 2 BP 365 EP 365 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007.01757.x PG 1 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 277DP UT WOS:000254193200024 ER PT J AU Mbenoun, M Zeutsa, EHM Samuels, G Amougou, FN Nyasse, S AF Mbenoun, M. Zeutsa, E. H. Momo Samuels, G. Amougou, F. Nsouga Nyasse, S. TI Dieback due to Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a new constraint to cocoa production in Cameroon SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mbenoun, M.; Amougou, F. Nsouga; Nyasse, S.] IRDA, Phytopathol Lab, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Zeutsa, E. H. Momo] Univ Dschang, Fac Agron & Agr Sci, Dschang, Cameroon. [Samuels, G.] USDA, ARS, PSI, Systemat & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mbenoun, M (reprint author), IRDA, Phytopathol Lab, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon. EM m_mbenoun@yahoo.fr NR 4 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 57 IS 2 BP 381 EP 381 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007.01755.x PG 1 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 277DP UT WOS:000254193200055 ER PT J AU Mattoo, AK Handa, AK AF Mattoo, Autar K. Handa, Avtar K. TI Higher polyamines restore and enhance metabolic memory in ripening fruit SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE spermidine; spermine; transcriptome; metabolome; fruit ripening; nitrogen : carbon signaling ID ORGANIC-ACID METABOLISM; TOMATO FRUIT; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS; OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; GLYCINE BETAINE; AMINE OXIDASES; POTATO PLANTS; SPERMINE AB Polyamines are ubiquitous, biogenic amines that have been implicated in diverse cellular functions in most living organisms. Ever since spermine phosphate crystals were isolated over three centuries ago, scientists have kept busy in unraveling the mystery behind biological roles of spermine and other known polyamines, viz., putrescine and spermidine. Although the pathway of polyamine biosynthesis has been elucidated, the molecular basis of their in vivo function is far from being understood. Molecular biology tools have provided a promising avenue in this direction, with success achieved in altering endogenous polyamines in plants by over-expression and knock-out of the genes responsible for polyamine biosynthesis. Such transgenic material has become a good genetic resource to learn about the biological effects of polyamines and their interaction with other signaling molecules. Interestingly, engineered accumulation of higher polyamines, spermidine and spermine, in tomato in a fruit-specific manner restored metabolic activity even at late developmental stages of fruit ripening, reviving cellular programs underlying N:C signaling, energy and glucose metabolism. Along with these, a wide array of genes regulating transcription, translation, signal transduction, chaperone activity, stress proteins, amino acid biosynthesis, ethylene biosynthesis and action, polyamine biosynthesis, isoprenoid pathway and flavonoid biosynthesis was activated. Based on various reports and our results, we suggest that polyamines act as 'surrogate messengers' and nudge other signaling molecules, such as plant hormones and NO, to activate a vast genetic network to regulate growth, development and senescence. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mattoo, Autar K.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Handa, Avtar K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mattoo, AK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM autar.mattoo@ars.usda.gov; ahanda@purdue.edu RI Mattoo, Autar/G-9863-2011 NR 86 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 174 IS 4 BP 386 EP 393 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.01.011 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 284EY UT WOS:000254690700002 ER PT J AU Weinzweig, J Panter, KE Patel, J Smith, DM Spangenberger, A Freeman, MB AF Weinzweig, Jeffrey Panter, Kip E. Patel, Jagruti Smith, Darren M. Spangenberger, Anthony Freeman, M. Brandon TI The fetal cleft palate: V. Elucidation of the mechanism of palatal clefting in the congenital caprine model SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID IN-UTERO REPAIR; OROFACIAL CLEFTS; ORAL CLEFTS; MATERNAL SMOKING; BEHAVIOR; LIP; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SYSTEM; GOATS; RISK AB Background: Failure of palatal shelf fusion at the precise gestational time point when shelf elevation and migration normally occur results in clefting. The present study defined the mechanism of clefting in the congenital caprine model by evaluating the temporal sequence of palatal shelf fusion. Methods: Six Spanish-type goats pregnant with twins were gavaged for 10 days (gestational days 32 to 41) with anabasine. Goats were examined with ultrasound throughout this period to assess fetal movement and evaluated histologically. Twelve untreated, unclefted fetuses served as controls. Results: After anabasine induction, real-time ultrasound confirmed a dramatic decrease in fetal movement. Hyperflexion of the neck occurred throughout the experimental period compared with control fetuses, in which spontaneous neck movements occurred. Histologic evaluation of the induced fetuses demonstrated the tongue wedged between the palatal shelves throughout the period of fusion. The shelves remained vertically oriented without elevation, ultimately resulting in clefting. The unclefted, control group demonstrated progressive elevation and migration of the palatal shelves between gestational days 38 and 40, with contact and fusion of the medial edge epithelia in the midline. Conclusions: Palatal clefting in the congenital caprine model occurred concomitant with reduced fetal movement. Resultant neck hyperflexion causes the tongue to obstruct medial migration of the palatal shelves and fusion, whereas the shelves themselves are either directly prevented from elevation secondary to anabasine impairment or indirectly secondary to the obstructing tongue. Although the molecular mechanism for the teratogenic effects of anabasine remains elusive, the authors have demonstrated an association between reduced fetal movement and palatal clefting in their congenital caprine model. C1 [Weinzweig, Jeffrey] Lahey Clin Med Ctr, Dept Plast Surg, Craniofacial Biol & Tissue Engn Lab, Burlington, MA 01805 USA. USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. Beverly Hosp, Dept Plast Surg, Beverly, MA USA. Brown Univ, Rhode Isl Hosp, Dept Plast Surg, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Weinzweig, J (reprint author), Lahey Clin Med Ctr, Dept Plast Surg, Craniofacial Biol & Tissue Engn Lab, 41 Mall Rd, Burlington, MA 01805 USA. EM jeffrey.weinzweig@lahey.org NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0032-1052 J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD APR PY 2008 VL 121 IS 4 BP 1328 EP 1334 DI 10.1097/01.prs.0000302460.90076.96 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 277AA UT WOS:000254183600030 PM 18349652 ER PT J AU Fedorova, ND Khaldi, N Joardar, VS Maiti, R Amedeo, P Anderson, MJ Crabtree, J Silva, JC Badger, JH Albarraq, A Angiuoli, S Bussey, H Bowyer, P Cotty, PJ Dyer, PS Egan, A Galens, K Fraser-Liggett, CM Haas, BJ Inman, JM Kent, R Lemieux, S Malavazi, I Orvis, J Roemer, T Ronning, CM Sundaram, JP Sutton, G Turner, G Venter, JC White, OR Whitty, BR Youngman, P Wolfe, KH Goldman, GH Wortman, JR Jiang, B Denning, DW Nierman, WC AF Fedorova, Natalie D. Khaldi, Nora Joardar, Vinita S. Maiti, Rama Amedeo, Paolo Anderson, Michael J. Crabtree, Jonathan Silva, Joana C. Badger, Jonathan H. Albarraq, Ahmed Angiuoli, Sam Bussey, Howard Bowyer, Paul Cotty, Peter J. Dyer, Paul S. Egan, Amy Galens, Kevin Fraser-Liggett, Claire M. Haas, Brian J. Inman, Jason M. Kent, Richard Lemieux, Sebastien Malavazi, Iran Orvis, Joshua Roemer, Terry Ronning, Catherine M. Sundaram, Jaideep P. Sutton, Granger Turner, Geoff Venter, J. Craig White, Owen R. Whitty, Brett R. Youngman, Phil Wolfe, Kenneth H. Goldman, Gustavo H. Wortman, Jennifer R. Jiang, Bo Denning, David W. Nierman, William C. TI Genomic islands in the pathogenic filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; RICE BLAST FUNGUS; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; NEOSARTORYA-FISCHERI; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MAGNAPORTHE-ORYZAE; CHROMOSOME ENDS AB We present the genome sequences of a new clinical isolate of the important human pathogen, Aspergillus fumigatus, A1163, and two closely related but rarely pathogenic species, Neosartorya fischeri NRRL181 and Aspergillus clavatus NRRL1. Comparative genomic analysis of A1163 with the recently sequenced A. fumigatus isolate Af293 has identified core, variable and up to 2% unique genes in each genome. While the core genes are 99.8% identical at the nucleotide level, identity for variable genes can be as low 40%. The most divergent loci appear to contain heterokaryon incompatibility ( het) genes associated with fungal programmed cell death such as developmental regulator rosA. Cross-species comparison has revealed that 8.5%, 13.5% and 12.6%, respectively, of A. fumigatus, N. fischeri and A. clavatus genes are species-specific. These genes are significantly smaller in size than core genes, contain fewer exons and exhibit a subtelomeric bias. Most of them cluster together in 13 chromosomal islands, which are enriched for pseudogenes, transposons and other repetitive elements. At least 20% of A. fumigatus-specific genes appear to be functional and involved in carbohydrate and chitin catabolism, transport, detoxification, secondary metabolism and other functions that may facilitate the adaptation to heterogeneous environments such as soil or a mammalian host. Contrary to what was suggested previously, their origin cannot be attributed to horizontal gene transfer ( HGT), but instead is likely to involve duplication, diversification and differential gene loss (DDL). The role of duplication in the origin of lineage-specific genes is further underlined by the discovery of genomic islands that seem to function as designated "gene dumps'' and, perhaps, simultaneously, as " gene factories''. C1 [Fedorova, Natalie D.; Joardar, Vinita S.; Maiti, Rama; Amedeo, Paolo; Crabtree, Jonathan; Badger, Jonathan H.; Angiuoli, Sam; Egan, Amy; Ronning, Catherine M.; Sundaram, Jaideep P.; Sutton, Granger; Venter, J. Craig; White, Owen R.; Whitty, Brett R.; Wortman, Jennifer R.; Nierman, William C.] Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Khaldi, Nora; Wolfe, Kenneth H.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Genet, Smurfit Inst, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Khaldi, Nora; Wolfe, Kenneth H.] Univ Manchester, Sch Med, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Anderson, Michael J.; Albarraq, Ahmed; Denning, David W.] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Bussey, Howard] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Cotty, Peter J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Dyer, Paul S.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Biol, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Lemieux, Sebastien] Univ Montreal, Dept Comp Sci & Operat Res, Inst Res Immunol & Canc, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Goldman, Gustavo H.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut, Dept Ciencias Farmaceut, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Roemer, Terry; Youngman, Phil] Merck & Co Inc, Whitehouse Stn, NJ USA. [Turner, Geoff] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Nierman, William C.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Washington, DC USA. RP Fedorova, ND (reprint author), Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. EM wnierman@jcvi.org RI Wolfe, Kenneth/B-4653-2009; Malavazi, Iran/E-4132-2013; 2, INCT/G-6506-2013; Bioetanol, Inct/I-1068-2013; Goldman, Gustavo/F-1848-2013; Angiuoli, Samuel/H-7340-2014; Abrams, Natalie/F-4845-2011; OI Malavazi, Iran/0000-0002-4526-4961; Wolfe, Kenneth/0000-0003-4992-4979; Denning, David/0000-0001-5626-2251; Abrams, Natalie/0000-0001-9698-2819; Whitty, Brett/0000-0001-5776-5424; Wortman, Jennifer/0000-0002-8713-1227; Angiuoli, Samuel/0000-0001-9525-4350; Fraser, Claire/0000-0003-1462-2428 FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI30071, N01AI30071, R21-AI052236, U01-AI48830] NR 74 TC 226 Z9 1138 U1 3 U2 60 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7390 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD APR PY 2008 VL 4 IS 4 AR e1000046 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000046 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 294LL UT WOS:000255407400012 PM 18404212 ER PT J AU Peng, YK Lu, RF AF Peng, Yankun Lu, Renfu TI Analysis of spatially resolved hyperspectral scattering images for assessing apple fruit firmness and soluble solids content SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fruit; apples; firmness; soluble solids content; near-infrared; scattering; hyperspectral imaging; modified lorentzian function ID INFRARED DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGING-SYSTEM; SUGAR CONTENT; NONDESTRUCTIVE MEASUREMENT; PREDICTING FIRMNESS; INTERNAL QUALITY; NIR-SPECTROSCOPY; KIWIFRUIT; PEACHES AB Hyperspectral scattering is a promising technique for nondestructive sensing of multiple quality attributes of apple fruit. This research evaluated and compared different mathematical models for describing the hyperspectral scattering profiles over the spectral region between 450 nm and 1000 nm in order to select an optimal model for predicting fruit firmness and soluble solids content (SSC) of 'Golden Delicious' apples. Ten modified Lorentzian distribution functions of various forms were proposed to fit the spectral scattering profiles at individual wavelengths, each of which gave superior fitting to the data with the average correlation coefficient (r) being greater than 0.995. Mathematical equations were derived to correct the spectral scattering intensity and distance by taking into account the instrument response and individual apples' size. The 10 modified Lorentzian distribution functions were compared for predicting fruit.firmness and SSC using multi-linear regression and cross-validation methods. The modified Lorentzian function with three parameters (representing scattering peak value, width and slope) gave good predictions of fruit firmness with r=0.894 and the standard error of prediction (S.E.P.) of 6.14N, and of SSC with r = 0.883 and S.E.P. = 0.73%. Twenty-one and 23 wavelengths were needed to obtain the best predictions of fruit firmness and SSC, respectively. This new function, coupled with the scattering profile correction methods, improved the hyperspectral scattering technique for measuring fruit quality. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Peng, Yankun] China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Lu, Renfu] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Peng, Yankun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Peng, YK (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, 17 Qinghua E Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM ypeng@cau.edu.cn NR 33 TC 108 Z9 121 U1 7 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 52 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2007.09.019 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 276NO UT WOS:000254149300006 ER PT J AU Lebrun, M Plotto, A Goodner, K Ducamp, MN Baldwin, E AF Lebrun, Marc Plotto, Anne Goodner, Kevin Ducamp, Marie-Noelle Baldwin, Elizabeth TI Discrimination of mango fruit maturity by volatiles using the electronic nose and gas chromatography SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mango; electronic nose; aroma volatiles; harvest maturity ID KENSINGTON PRIDE MANGO; COMPONENTS; QUALITY; CULTIVARS; STAGE AB Mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.), cv. 'Cogshall', 'Kent' and 'Keitt' were hat-vested at different maturities (61-115d past flowering and 80-307 average g fresh weight for 'Cogshall') and at different sizes (364-1563 and 276-894 average g fresh weight for 'Keitt' and 'Kent', respectively). Immediately after harvest (green) or after I week of ripening at room temperature (ripe), fruit were homogenized or left intact and evaluated by electronic nose (enose) or by gas chromatography (GC) for aroma and other volatiles as well as for soluble solids and acids. Volatile data from the different harvest maturities and ripening stages were discriminated by using multivariate statistics (discriminant factor analysis). Both the enose and GC were able, in most cases, to separate fruit from different harvest maturities, especially for 'Cogshall' mangoes, at both the green and ripe stages as well as discriminate green from ripe fruit and fruit from the different varieties within a maturity stage. Solids and acids data indicated that later harvest maturities resulted in sweeter fruit and later-harvested fruit had a different volatile profile from earlier-harvested fruit. Mango fruit volatiles may be useful as maturity markers to determine optimal harvest maturity for mango fruit that results in full quality upon ripening. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Plotto, Anne; Goodner, Kevin; Baldwin, Elizabeth] USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33880 USA. [Lebrun, Marc; Ducamp, Marie-Noelle] UMR Qualisud TA B95 B16, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, 600 Ave S NW, Winter Haven, FL 33880 USA. EM Liz.Baldwin@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 63 Z9 74 U1 7 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 122 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2007.09.010 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 276NO UT WOS:000254149300015 ER PT J AU Dennis, RL Chen, ZQ Cheng, HW AF Dennis, R. L. Chen, Z. Q. Cheng, H. W. TI Serotonergic mediation of aggression in high and low aggressive chicken strains SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE serotonin; aggression; genetic selection; chicken; hen ID RECEPTOR KNOCKOUT MICE; MULTIPLE-HEN CAGES; GROUP SELECTION; CONDUCT DISORDER; SILVER FOXES; LAYING HENS; BEHAVIOR; RESPONSES; STRESS; 5-HT1A AB Serotonin (5-HT) regulates aggressive behavior via binding to its receptors, such as 5-HT1A and 1B, in humans and rodents. Here we investigate the heritable components of 5-HT regulation of aggressiveness in chickens, utilizing 3 distinct genetic strains. In this study, we used 2 divergently selected strains (high and low group productivity and survivability, respectively; HGPS and LGPS) and a third strain, Dekalb XL (DXL), an aggressive out-group. Hens were paired within the same strain. At 24 wk of age, the subordinate of each pair received a daily i.p. injection of NAN-190 (0.5 mg/kg, a 5-HT1A antagonist), GR-127935 (0.5 mg/kg, a 5-HT1B antagonist), or saline (control) for 5 consecutive days. Frequency of aggressive behaviors was increased in the hens of DXL and LGPS treated with 5-HT1A antagonist and in the HGPS hens treated with 5-HT1B antagonist. The 5-HT1B antagonist-treated HGPS hens and 5-HT1A antagonist-treated LGPS hens also displayed increased feather pecking, but neither antagonist had an effect on feather pecking of DXL hens. This may suggest that multiple mediating factors alter feather pecking behaviors. Among the controls, LGPS hens have higher epinephrine levels than HGPS or DXL hens, indicative of the inferior stress-coping ability of LGPS hens. Treatment with 5-HT1B antagonist reduced epinephrine in LGPS hens but not in DXL or HGPS hens, suggesting a role of 5-HT1B in stress regulation in LGPS hens. The results provide evidence for different heritable serotonergic mediation of aggressive behaviors and stress coping in chickens. C1 [Dennis, R. L.; Cheng, H. W.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dennis, R. L.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chen, Z. Q.] Zhejiang Univ, Sch Anim Sci, Zhejiang 310058, Peoples R China. RP Cheng, HW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Heng-wei.Cheng@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 4 BP 612 EP 620 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00389 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 278SR UT WOS:000254307100003 PM 18339980 ER PT J AU Vance, AM Branton, SL Collier, SD Gerard, PD Peebles, ED AF Vance, A. M. Branton, S. L. Collier, S. D. Gerard, P. D. Peebles, E. D. TI Effects of time-specific F-Strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum inoculation overlays on prelay ts11-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum inoculation on performance characteristics of commercial laying hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE commercial layer; egg production; egg quality; F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum; ts11-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum ID SUPPLEMENTAL DIETARY PHYTASE; EGG QUALITY PARAMETERS; EGGSHELL QUALITY; DUAL INFECTION; LAYER HENS; VACCINATION; CHICKENS; SYNOVIAE; AGE; 25-HYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROL AB Mycoplasma bacteria are virtually ubiquitous in layer chicken flocks, and Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the species of greatest concern to commercial egg producers. Live M. gallisepticum vaccines were initially approved by the USDA for use in commercial layers in 1988 to help control M. gallisepticum outbreaks. In the present study, 2 trials were conducted to determine the effects of 2 currently available live Mycoplasma vaccines (the ts11- and F-strains) when used together. The following 4 inoculation treatments were used: 1) sham inoculation at 10 wk of age, 2) ts11 at 10 wk, 3) ts11 at 10 wk overlaid by the F-strain at 22 wk, and 4) ts11 at 10 wk overlaid by the F-strain at 45 wk. In each trial, at various ages between 18 and 57 wk of age, hen mortality; BW; egg weight; egg production; eggshell breaking strength; incidences of egg blood spots, egg meat spots, and eggshell pimpling; and eggshell weight per unit of surface area were assessed. The effects of inoculation treatment on egg weight at 27, 37, and 38 wk were inconsistent and variable. Eggshell pimpling and egg blood spot incidences at 56 wk were highest in eggs belonging to the ts11 at 10 wk/F-strain at 45 wk group. Despite increases in pimpling and blood spot incidences very late in production because of the ts11 at 10 wk/F-strain at 45 wk treatment, performance in layers was not adversely affected by a 10-wk ts11 inoculation alone or in conjunction with subsequent overlay inoculations of the F-strain during lay. It is therefore suggested that the 10-wk inoculation of commercial layers with ts11 may reduce the negative impacts of a prelay F-strain inoculation on performance, as reported in earlier studies, while providing protection against subsequent field strain M. gallisepticum infections. Furthermore, the ts11- and F-strain M. gallisepticum treatment combinations may overcome some of the inadequacies that prelay ts11- or F-strain M. gallisepticum vaccines may have when given independently. C1 [Peebles, E. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Vance, A. M.; Branton, S. L.; Collier, S. D.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gerard, P. D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Appl Econ & Stat, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Peebles, ED (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dpeebles@poultry.msstate.edu NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 4 BP 655 EP 660 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00492 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 278SR UT WOS:000254307100008 PM 18339985 ER PT J AU Bregendahl, K Roberts, SA Kerr, B Hoehler, D AF Bregendahl, K. Roberts, S. A. Kerr, B. Hoehler, D. TI Ideal ratios of isoleucine, methionine, methionine plus cystine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine relative to lysine for white leghorn-type laying hens of twenty-eight to thirty-four weeks of age SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE egg mass; ideal amino acid profile; laying hen ID AMINO-ACID-REQUIREMENTS; SOYBEAN MEAL DIET; COMMERCIAL LAYER; BROILER-CHICKENS; ARGININE ANTAGONISM; LOW-PROTEIN; BASAL DIET; PERFORMANCE; BIOAVAILABILITY; FORMULATION AB Seven separate experiments were conducted with Hy-Line W-36 hens to determine the ideal ratio of Arg, Ile, Met, Met+Cys, Thr, Trp, and Val relative to Lys for maximal egg mass. The experiments were conducted simultaneously and were each designed as a randomized complete block design with 60 experimental units (each consisting of 1 cage with 2 hens) and 5 dietary treatments. The 35 assay diets were made from a common basal diet (2,987 kcal/kg of ME; 12.3% CP; 4.06% Ca, 0.47% nonphytate P), formulated using corn, soybean meal, and meat and bone meal. The true digestible amino acid contents in the basal diet were determined using the precision-fed assay with adult cecectomized roosters. Crystalline L-Arg (free base), L-Ile, L-Lys.HCl, DL-Met, L-Thr, L-Trp, and L-Val (considered 100% true digestible) were added to the basal diet at the expense of cornstarch to make the respective assayed amino acid first limiting and to yield 5 graded inclusions of the assayed amino acid. Hens were fed the assay diets from 26 to 34 wk of age, with the first 2 wk considered a depletion period. Egg production was recorded daily and egg weight was determined weekly on eggs collected over 48 h; egg mass was calculated as egg production x egg weight. The requirement for each amino acid was determined using the broken-line regression method. Consumption of Arg did not affect egg mass, thus a requirement could not be determined. The true digestible amino acid requirements used to calculate the ideal amino acid ratio for maximum egg mass were 426 mg/d of Ile, 538 mg/d of Lys, 253 mg/d of Met, 506 mg/d of Met+Cys, 414 mg/d of Thr, 120 mg/d of Trp, and 501 mg/d of Val. The ideal amino acid ratio for maximum egg mass was Ile 79%, Met 47%, Met+Cys 94%, Thr 77%, Trp 22%, and Val 93% on a true digestible basis relative to Lys. The ideal Met and Met+Cys ratios were verified in an ensuing identical experiment with 52- to 58-wk-old hens. C1 [Bregendahl, K.; Roberts, S. A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kerr, B.] USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hoehler, D.] Degussa Corp, Kennesaw, GA 30144 USA. RP Bregendahl, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kristjan@iastate.edu NR 44 TC 28 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 10 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 4 BP 744 EP 758 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00412 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 278SR UT WOS:000254307100020 PM 18339997 ER PT J AU Bakst, MR Akuffo, V AF Bakst, M. R. Akuffo, V. TI Turkey sperm reside in the tubular glands in the urodeum following artificial insemination SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE avian; poultry; turkey; oviduct; cloaca ID SPERMATOZOA; HENS AB A turkey hen in egg production requires 48 h after the last insemination to maximize the number of sperm in the uterovaginal junction sperm-storage tubules. Where the sperm that continue to fill the oviductal sperm-storage sites during this 48-h period reside remains unknown. Histological sections of the juncture of the vagina with the urodeum, the central compartment of the cloaca, revealed deep tubular glands containing periodic acid-Schiff-positive secretory material. When examined 36 h after the last artificial insemination, sperm were observed in the lumen of the tubular glands associated with the urodeum. We suggest that sperm reside in the tubular glands within the urodeum and are released in association with the secretory activity of the tubular glands. These sperm then may ascend the vagina to continue to populate the sperm-storage tubules. Alternatively, the sperm in the tubular glands of the urodeum may be evidence of spermatorrhea and have no functional role in the fertilization process. C1 [Bakst, M. R.; Akuffo, V.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bakst, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Bldg 200,E Powder Mill Rd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM murray.bakst@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 4 BP 790 EP 792 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00293 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 278SR UT WOS:000254307100025 PM 18340002 ER PT J AU de los Santos, FS Donoghue, AM Venkitanarayanan, K Dirain, ML Reyes-Herrera, I Blore, PJ Donoghue, DJ AF de los Santos, F. Solis Donoghue, A. M. Venkitanarayanan, K. Dirain, M. L. Reyes-Herrera, I. Blore, P. J. Donoghue, D. J. TI Caprylic acid supplemented in feed reduces enteric Campylobacter jejuni colonization in ten-day-old broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Campylobacter jejuni; body weight gain; caprylic acid; broiler chick ID IN-VITRO INACTIVATION; CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; DRINKING-WATER; MILK LIPIDS; SALMONELLA; INFECTION; POULTRY; MONOGLYCERIDES; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Campylobacter is one of the leading causes of human foodborne illness in the United States, and epidemiological evidence indicates that poultry and poultry products are a significant source of human Campylobacter infections. Reducing Campylobacter in the intestinal tract would reduce contamination of poultry products and eggs. Caprylic acid, an 8-carbon medium-chain fatty acid has been shown to be bactericidal against several pathogenic bacteria. It has, however, not been tested in the control of Campylobacter in chickens. Four trials were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of caprylic acid against cecal Campylobacter jejuni colonization in 10-d-old chicks. In the first 2 trials, day-of-hatch chicks (n = 40 per trial) were assigned to negative controls (no Campylobacter, no caprylic acid), positive controls (Campylobacter, no caprylic acid), and a low (0.7%) and a high (1.4%) dose of caprylic acid supplemented in regular chick starter feed (n = 10 chicks/treatment). Two more trials were carried out to evaluate a wider range of caprylic acid doses on cecal Campylobacter counts, in which day-of-hatch chicks (n = 90 per trial) were assigned to 9 treatments: negative controls (no Campylobacter, no caprylic acid) and caprylic acid doses of 0 (positive controls), 0.35, 0.525, 0.7, 0.875, 1.05, 1.225, and 1.4% (n = 10 chicks/treatment). Except for the negative controls, chicks were orally gavaged with approximately 1 x 10(6) cfu Campylobacter on d 3. On d 10, cecal contents were collected and Campylobacter concentrations were determined in each trial. In all 4 trials, the 0.7% dose of caprylic acid consistently reduced Campylobacter content counts compared with the positive control. In trials 3 and 4, doses less than 1.05% consistently reduced cecal Campylobacter content in both trials. At the higher doses, caprylic acid reduced feed consumption and body weight, but did not affect feed conversion when compared with the positive controls. These data suggest that low-dose supplementation with caprylic acid in feed may reduce Campylobacter colonization in young chickens. C1 [de los Santos, F. Solis; Dirain, M. L.; Reyes-Herrera, I.; Blore, P. J.; Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Donoghue, A. M.] USDA ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Venkitanarayanan, K.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Anim Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Donoghue, DJ (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM ddonogh@uark.edu NR 32 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 11 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 4 BP 800 EP 804 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00280 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 278SR UT WOS:000254307100027 ER PT J AU Dozier, WA Kerr, BJ Corzo, A Kidd, MT Weber, TE Bregendahl, K AF Dozier, W. A., III Kerr, B. J. Corzo, A. Kidd, M. T. Weber, T. E. Bregendahl, K. TI Apparent metabolizable energy of glycerin for broiler chickens (vol 87, pg 317, 2008) SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Correction C1 [Dozier, W. A., III] Mississippi State Univ, USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Kerr, B. J.; Weber, T. E.] USDA ARS, Swine Odor & Manure Management Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Bregendahl, K.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Dozier, WA (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 4 BP 812 EP 812 DI 10.3382/ps.2008-87-4-812 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 278SR UT WOS:000254307100029 ER PT J AU Kyaw, T Ferguson, RB Adamchuk, VI Marx, DB Tarkalson, DD McCallister, DL AF Kyaw, T. Ferguson, R. B. Adamchuk, V. I. Marx, D. B. Tarkalson, D. D. McCallister, D. L. TI Delineating site-specific management zones for pH-induced iron chlorosis SO PRECISION AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th European Conference on Precision Agriculture CY JUN, 2007 CL Skiathos, GREECE DE iron chlorosis; soil pH; management zone delineation ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; DEFICIENCY CHLOROSIS; CALCAREOUS SOILS; CROP YIELD; CORN; CLASSIFICATION; AVAILABILITY; SOFTWARE; MAPS AB Iron chlorosis can limit crop yield, especially on calcareous soil. Typical management for iron chlorosis includes the use of iron fertilizers or chlorosis tolerant cultivars. Calcareous and non-calcareous soil can be interspersed within fields. If chlorosis-prone areas within fields can be predicted accurately, site-specific use of iron fertilizers and chlorosis-tolerant cultivars might be more profitable than uniform management. In this study, the use of vegetation indices (VI) derived from aerial imagery, on-the-go measurement of soil pH and apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) were evaluated for their potential to delineate chlorosis management zones. The study was conducted at six sites in 2004 and 2005. There was a significant statistical relationship between grain yield and selected properties at two sites (sites 1 (2005) and 3), moderate relationships at sites 2 and 4, and weak relationships at site 5. For sites 1 (2005) and 3, and generally across all sites, yield was predicted best with the combination of NDVI and deep ECa. These two properties were used to delineate chlorosis management zones for all sites. Sites 1 and 3 showed a good relationship between delineated zones and the selected properties, and would be good candidates for site-specific chlorosis management. For site 5, differences in the properties between mapped zones were small, and the zones had weak relationships to yield. This site would be a poor candidate for site-specific chlorosis management. Based on this study, the delineation of chlorosis management zones from aerial imagery combined with soil ECa appears to be a useful tool for the site-specific management of iron chlorosis. C1 [Kyaw, T.; Ferguson, R. B.; McCallister, D. L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Adamchuk, V. I.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Marx, D. B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tarkalson, D. D.] USDA ARS, MW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Ferguson, RB (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, 377 Plant Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM rferguson@unl.edu NR 31 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-2256 J9 PRECIS AGRIC JI Precis. Agric. PD APR PY 2008 VL 9 IS 1-2 BP 71 EP 84 DI 10.1007/s11119-008-9059-z PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 280QH UT WOS:000254440800006 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ Menjivar, R AF Gagne, Raymond J. Menjivar, Rafael TI A new species of Schizomyia (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae), a pest of Fernaldia pandurata (Apocynaceae) in Central America SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE loroco; flower gall; gall midges; Neotropical AB -A new species of gall midge, Schizomyia loroco Gagne (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is described from loroco, Fernaldia pandurata (A. DC.) Woodson (Apocynaceae), from El Salvador. Females lay eggs in flower buds that then produce characteristic galls. The new species is described, illustrated, and compared to its congeners. C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] USDA, ARS, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. Fac Ciencias Agron, Dept Protecc Vegetal, San Salvador, El Salvador. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), USDA, ARS, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, US Natl Museum NHB 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM rgagne@sel.barc.usda.gov; rafaehnenjivarrosa@yahoo.com NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2008 VL 110 IS 2 BP 284 EP 291 DI 10.4289/07-053.1 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 282LB UT WOS:000254568200002 ER PT J AU Smith, DR AF Smith, David R. TI Sawflies and woodwasps (Hymenoptera : Symphyta) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE survey; species list; Argidae; Cephidae; Cimbicidae; Diprionidae; Pamphiliidae; Pergidae; Siricidae; Tenthredinidae; Xiphydriidae; Xyelidae AB As a contribution to the All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, a list of the 234 species of sawflies in 10 families collected in the park are presented. Localities in the park, numbers of specimens, inclusive dates of collection, inclusive altitudes, and host plants for each species are given. C1 USDA ARS, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab,PSI, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab,PSI, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM dave.smith@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2008 VL 110 IS 2 BP 379 EP 390 DI 10.4289/07-054.1 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 282LB UT WOS:000254568200010 ER PT J AU Henry, TJ Wheeler, AG Steiner, WE AF Henry, Thomas J. Wheeler, A. G., Jr. Steiner, Warren E., Jr. TI First North American records of Amphiareus obscuriceps (Poppius) (Hemiptera : Heteroptera : Anthocoridae), with a discussion of dead-leaf microhabitats SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Heteroptera : Anthocoridae; Amphiareus obscuriceps; description; new records; North America; hosts; habitat; dead leaves ID INDUCED PLANT VOLATILES; IN-SITU; PREY; LYCTOCORIDAE; CIMICOIDEA; PREDATORS; ANTWRENS; ECOLOGY; LEAVES; WHITE AB The anthocorid Amphiareus obscuriceps (Poppius) is reported for the first time from North America based on records from one Canadian province (Ontario), 14 U.S. states (Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia), and the District of Columbia. A diagnosis, description, adult photographs, and scanning electron photomicrographs are furnished to facilitate recognition, and the dead-leaf microhabitat, associated plants, and psocids and other potential prey of this species are discussed. C1 [Henry, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Wheeler, A. G., Jr.] Clemson Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Steiner, Warren E., Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov; awhlr@clemson.edu; steinerw@si.edu NR 56 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2008 VL 110 IS 2 BP 402 EP 416 DI 10.4289/07-043.1 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 282LB UT WOS:000254568200013 ER PT J AU Hoebeke, ER Rabaglia, RJ AF Hoebeke, E. Richard Rabaglia, Robert J. TI Xyleborus seriatus Blandford (Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Scolytinae), an Asian ambrosia beetle new to North America SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Scolytinae; xyleborina; xyleborus seriatus; new North American record; exotic species ID UNITED-STATES; KEY AB Xyleborus seriatus Blandford, an ambrosia beetle described from Japan, is reported for the first time from North America, based on specimens examined from Massachusetts. A re-description and diagnosis of the adult female, a summary of known distribution and biology, a revision to an existing key to North American xyleborine species to include this newly detected immigrant, and photographs of the adult habitus and other diagnostic morphological features are presented. C1 [Hoebeke, E. Richard] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rabaglia, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. RP Hoebeke, ER (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM erh2@cornell.edu; brabaglia@fs.fed.us NR 30 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2008 VL 110 IS 2 BP 470 EP 476 DI 10.4289/07-048.1 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 282LB UT WOS:000254568200019 ER PT J AU Passoa, S Balogh, G Solis, MA AF Passoa, Steven Balogh, George Solis, M. Alma TI Sitochroa palealis: A palearctic pyraustine moth (Lepidoptera : Pyraloidea : Crambidae) newly introduced to North America SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Pyraustinae; introduction; iminatures; North America; Apiaceae ID LAST-INSTAR LARVAE; PYRALIDAE AB Sitochroa palealis (Denis and Schiffermuller) is recorded from North America for the first time. Adults were collected in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and Wisconsin. The capture of larvae and adults in four states over a six-year period is strong evidence that S. palealis is established in North America. Characters separating S. palealis from other Sitochroa in North America are given. The potential impact of S. palealis to prairies, agriculture, and biocontrol of noxious weeds is discussed. C1 [Passoa, Steven] Ohio State Univ, Museum Biodivers, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Solis, M. Alma] USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab,PSI, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Passoa, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Museum Biodivers, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, 1315 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. EM steven.c.passoa@aphis.usda.gov; bugdr@chartermi.net; alma.solis@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2008 VL 110 IS 2 BP 504 EP 515 DI 10.4289/07-089.1 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 282LB UT WOS:000254568200023 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Deans, AR AF Smith, David R. Deans, Andrew R. TI Evaniella californica (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera : Evaniidae): A range extension and the first record of an evaniid in Oregon SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Smith, David R.] USDA ARS, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab,PSI, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Deans, Andrew R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab,PSI, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM dave.smith@ars.usda.gov; andy_deans@ncsu.edu OI Deans, Andrew/0000-0002-2119-4663 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2008 VL 110 IS 2 BP 521 EP 522 DI 10.4289/07-086.1 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 282LB UT WOS:000254568200026 ER PT J AU Cao, HP Lin, R AF Cao, Heping Lin, Rui TI Phosphorylation of recombinant tristetraprolin in vitro SO PROTEIN JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2006 Annual Meeting CY APR 01-05, 2006 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr Sci, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut DE glycogen synthase kinase 3b; inflammation phosphorylation; protein kinase; recombinant protein; tristetraprolin; zinc finger protein ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; MESSENGER-RNA TURNOVER; ZINC-FINGER PROTEINS; RICH ELEMENT; SEQUENCE MOTIFS; BINDING-PROTEIN; WIDE PREDICTION; EXPRESSION; DEADENYLATION AB Tristetraprolin/zinc finger protein 36 (TTP/ ZFP36) binds and destabilizes some proinflammatory cytokine mRNAs. TTP-deficient mice develop a profound inflammatory syndrome due to excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines. TTP gene expression is induced by various factors including insulin, cinnamon, and green tea extracts. Previous studies have shown that TTP is highly phosphorylated in vivo and multiple phosphorylation sites are identified in human TTP. This study evaluated the potential protein kinases that could phosphorylate recombinant TTP in vitro. Motif scanning suggested that TTP was a potential substrate for various kinases. SDS-PAGE showed that in vitro phosphorylation of TTP with p42 and p38 MAP kinases resulted in visible electrophoretic mobility shift of TTP to higher molecular masses. Autoradiography showed that TTP was phosphorylated in vitro by GSK3b, PKA, PKB, PKC, but not Cdc2, in addition to p42, p38, and JNK. These results demonstrate that TTP is a substrate for a number of protein kinases in vitro. C1 [Cao, Heping] USDA ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cao, Heping; Lin, Rui] NIEHS, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Cao, HP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Bldg 307C,BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Heping.Cao@ars.usda.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES090080-10] NR 42 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1572-3887 J9 PROTEIN J JI Protein J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3 BP 163 EP 169 DI 10.1007/s10930-007-9119-7 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 302HB UT WOS:000255958300003 PM 18071886 ER PT J AU Thompson, VJ Bachman, C Watson, K Baranowski, T Cullen, KW AF Thompson, Victoria J. Bachman, Christine Watson, Kathy Baranowski, Tom Cullen, Karen W. TI Measures of self-efficacy and norms for low-fat milk consumption are reliable and related to beverage consumption among 5th graders at school lunch SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE milk; self-efficacy; norms; sweetened beverages; adolescents; reliability; validity ID SOCIAL-COGNITIVE PREDICTORS; DIETARY CALCIUM; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; STUDENTS; FRUIT; FOODS; PREFERENCES; VEGETABLES; PATTERNS AB Objective: To determine the reliability and validity of scales measuring low-fat milk consumption self-efficacy and norms during school lunch among a cohort of 5th graders. Design: Two hundred and seventy-five students completed lunch food records and a psychosocial questionnaire measuring self-efficacy and norms for school lunch low-fat milk consumption during the fall and spring semesters of the 1998-1999 academic year. Test-retest reliability was assessed in participants who also completed the questionnaire in the spring semester (n = 262). Principal component analyses identified and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed latent variables. Bivariate correlations measured construct validity. Setting: Houston-area middle school. Subjects: Fifth graders (n = 275) from one middle school in southeast Texas. Results: Two scales measuring psychosocial influences of low-fat milk consumption were identified and proved reliable in this population: milk self-efficacy and milk norms. Milk self-efficacy and norms were positively correlated with milk consumption and negatively correlated with consumption of sweetened beverages. Conclusions: These questionnaires can be used in similar interventions to measure the impact of self-efficacy and norms for drinking low-fat milk during school lunch. C1 [Thompson, Victoria J.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Unit 182, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Bachman, Christine] Univ Houston Downtown, Houston, TX USA. [Watson, Kathy; Baranowski, Tom; Cullen, Karen W.] USDA ARS, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Thompson, VJ (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Unit 182, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM vthompso@mdanderson.org FU NCI NIH HHS [CA88511-01S1, CA88511] NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD APR PY 2008 VL 11 IS 4 BP 421 EP 426 DI 10.1017/S13689s0007000547 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 286IZ UT WOS:000254840900014 PM 17666158 ER PT J AU Serra, R Peterson, S Venancio, A AF Serra, Rita Peterson, Stephen Venancio, Armando CA CTCORC TI Multilocus sequence identification of Penicillium species in cork bark during plank preparation for the manufacture of stoppers SO RESEARCH IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Penicillium; mycology; industrial microbiology; cork; biodiversity; taxonomy ID OCHRATOXIN-A PRODUCTION; RECOGNITION; THIERSII; GRAPES; FUNGI; WINE AB Despite several studies reporting Penicillium as one of the most frequent fungal genera in cork planks, the isolates were rarely identified to species level. We conducted a detailed study to identify Penicillium species from the field to the factory environment prior to and after boiling the cork planks. A total of 84 samples were analyzed. Of the 486 Penicillium isolates phenotypically identified, 32 representative or unusual strains were selected for identification by multilocus DNA sequence type. Cork proved to be a rich source of Penicillium biodiversity. A total of 30 taxa were recognized from cork including rarely seen species and 6 phylogenetically unique groups. Spores of some species lodged deep in cork can survive the boiling process. P. glabrum, P. glandicola and P. toxicarium, species with high CFU numbers in the field, are still frequently present in cork after boiling. Other species are killed by the boiling treatment and replaced by Penicillium species originating from the factory environment. Species known to contribute to cork taint were isolated at all stages. Good manufacturing practices are necessary at all stages in the preparation of cork planks to minimize the load of Penicillium species that produce cork taint. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Serra, Rita; Venancio, Armando] Univ Minho, Dept Engn Biol, IBB, Ctr Biol Engn, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal. [Peterson, Stephen] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [CTCORC] CTCOR, P-4536904 Santa Maria de Lamas, Portugal. RP Venancio, A (reprint author), Univ Minho, Dept Engn Biol, IBB, Ctr Biol Engn, Campus Gualtar, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal. EM avenan@deb.uminho.pt RI Venancio, Armando/B-6085-2009; OI Venancio, Armando/0000-0002-0723-6134; Serra, Rita/0000-0002-7751-9172 NR 34 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-2508 J9 RES MICROBIOL JI Res. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 159 IS 3 BP 178 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.resmic.2007.12.009 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 299SY UT WOS:000255776500004 PM 18321681 ER PT J AU Zepeda, C Jones, A Zagmutt, FJ AF Zepeda, C. Jones, A. Zagmutt, F. J. TI Compartmentalisation in aquaculture production systems SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE aquaculture; biosecurity; compartmentalisation; disease management; HACCP; risk analysis ID CONJOINT-ANALYSIS; NECROSIS VIRUS; SHRIMP; HATCHERIES; FILTRATION; INFECTION; FISH AB Compartmentalisation is a new tool for disease management within a country. In aquaculture, the successful application of compartmentalisation is largely dependent on the system of production and the epidemiology of the disease(s) for which the compartment is being defined. Therefore, compartmentalisation may not be universally applicable across all systems and diseases. The paper examines the implementation of the concept, providing examples of specific industries, and discusses the application of hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) to the biosecurity of the system. The role of compartmentalisation in the management of aquaculture disease emergencies is also discussed. C1 [Zepeda, C.] Colorado State Univ, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv,Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth,Anim Populat H, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Jones, A.] Govt Western Australia, Dept Fisheries, North Beach, WA 6920, Australia. [Zagmutt, F. J.] Vose Consulting US LLC, Boulder, CO 80304 USA. RP Zepeda, C (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv,Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth,Anim Populat H, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD APR PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1 BP 229 EP 241 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 305NG UT WOS:000256184500018 PM 18668977 ER PT J AU Choi, M Jacobs, JM AF Choi, Minha Jacobs, Jennifer M. TI Temporal variability corrections for Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer E (AMSR-E) surface soil moisture: Case study in Little River Region, Georgia, U. S. SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE temporal variability; statistical correction; Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer E (AMSR-E); Common Land Model (CLM); Leaf Area Index (LAI) ID LAND DATA ASSIMILATION; VALIDATION; HYDROLOGY; MODEL; TIME AB Statistical correction methods, the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) matching technique and Regional Statistics Method (RSM) are applied to adjust the limited temporal variability of Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer E (AMSR-E) data using the Common Land Model (CLM). The temporal variability adjustment between CLM and AMSR-E data was conducted for annual and seasonal periods for 2003 in the Little River region, GA. The results showed that the statistical correction techniques improved AMSR-E's limited temporal variability as compared to ground-based measurements. The regression slope and intercept improved from 0.210 and 0.112 up to 0.971 and -0.005 for the non-growing season. The R-2 values also modestly improved. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Leaf Area Index (LAI) products were able to identify periods having an attenuated microwave brightness signal that are not likely to benefit from these statistical correction techniques. C1 [Choi, Minha] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jacobs, Jennifer M.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Choi, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM minha.choi@ars.usda.gov; jennifer.jacobs@unh.edu NR 27 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD APR PY 2008 VL 8 IS 4 BP 2617 EP 2627 DI 10.3390/s8042617 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 312AV UT WOS:000256642400030 PM 27879839 ER PT J AU Ayres, E Wall, DH Simmons, BL Field, CB Milchunas, DG Morgan, JA Roy, J AF Ayres, Edward Wall, Diana H. Simmons, Breana L. Field, Christopher B. Milchunas, Daniel G. Morgan, Jack A. Roy, Jacques TI Belowground nematode herbivores are resistant to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations in grassland ecosystems SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE global change; root herbivory; plant parasitic nematodes; root-associated nematodes; grasslands; prairie ID PLANT-FEEDING NEMATODES; SOIL MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SPECIES COMPOSITION; DESERT ECOSYSTEMS; WATER RELATIONS; MATURITY INDEX; WHITE CLOVER; ROOT-GROWTH AB Grasslands are considered to be one of the most sensitive ecosystems to rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations, since, in addition to direct effects of elevated CO2 on plant growth, indirect increases in water availability as an effect of elevated CO2 may enhance primary production and alter plant community composition in these typically dry ecosystems. Moreover, grasslands support large populations of belowground herbivores that consume a major portion of plant biomass. The direct trophic link between herbivores and plants suggests that primary consumers may be particularly sensitive to rising CO2 concentrations; however, the responses of belowground grassland herbivores have rarely been investigated. Here, we report the response of a range of herbivorous nematode populations to elevated CO2 concentrations from three distinct grassland experiments. The three studies each involved 5-6 years of CO2 fumigation, utilized natural or representative plant and soil communities, and were sampled at the end of the growing season. In the vast majority of cases, elevated CO2 did not affect the abundance of nematode families; only two nematode families were significantly influenced by CO2 enrichment (Anguinidae increased in one case and Hoplolaimidae decreased in another). Similarly, elevated CO2 did not influence the total abundance, family richness, diversity or plant parasitic index of the herbivorous nematode community. These neutral responses to CO2 enrichment occurred despite increased root production in all three experiments, suggesting a simultaneous antagonistic mechanism may have operated, possibly decreased root quality and/or changes in the soil environment. Whatever the mechanism, our findings suggest that herbivorous nematodes in grassland ecosystems are resistant to rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ayres, Edward; Wall, Diana H.; Simmons, Breana L.; Milchunas, Daniel G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wall, Diana H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Field, Christopher B.] Carnegie Inst, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Milchunas, Daniel G.] Colorado State Univ, Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Morgan, Jack A.] USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Roy, Jacques] CNRS, Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France. RP Ayres, E (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM edayres@nrel.colostate.edu RI Ayres, Edward/A-4172-2008; Wall, Diana/F-5491-2011 OI Ayres, Edward/0000-0001-5190-258X; NR 50 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD APR PY 2008 VL 40 IS 4 BP 978 EP 985 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.11.018 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 275US UT WOS:000254098000013 ER PT J AU Yang, YG He, ZL Stoffella, PJ Yang, XE Graetz, DA Morris, D AF Yang, Yuangen He, Zhenli Stoffella, Peter J. Yang, Xiaoe Graetz, Donald A. Morris, Dolen TI Leaching behavior of phosphorus in sandy soils amended with organic material SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE microbial activity; organic amendment; phosphorus leaching; sandy soils; soil P fractionation ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS-C; SURFACE; FLORIDA; WATER; AMENDMENTS; EXTRACTION; QUALITY; LOSSES; RUNOFF; LAND AB Transport of phosphorus (P) from agriculture often causes eutrophication of surface water systems, which is particularly a concern in sandy soil regions because of low holding capacity of the soil for nutrients and moisture. Soil amendment is considered to be one of the best management practices in reducing P loss to water. A column leaching study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of organic amendment applied together with water-soluble fertilizer in reducing P leaching in two typical agricultural sandy soils (Spodosol and Alfisol) in south Florida. The Spodosol is an Alfic Alaquod, whereas the Alfisol is an Arenic Glossaqualf. Both soils have the same texture with sandy, siliceous, and hyperthermic properties. Organic material (OM) used in this study is marketed as a slow release organic fertilizer (GreenEdge; JEA Inc., Jacksonville, FL), which supplies essential nutrients for plant growth. The treatments consisted of chemical fertilizer (CF) alone, CF + 1.25 g kg(-1) OM, CF + 5.0 g kg(-1) OM, and CF + 10.0 g kg(-1) OM. A control receiving no CF or OM was also included. Leaching of orthophosphate-P (PO4-P) and dissolved total P was similar. After seven leaching events, application of CF together with 10.0 g kg(-1) OM reduced PO4-P and dissolved total P loss by 25.4% and 21.4% in the Spodosol and by 45.3% and 22.6% in the Alfisol and increased soil Olsen-P and Mehlich 3-extractable P by 54% and 31%, respectively, in the Spodosol and by 50% and 94% in the Alfisol, compared with CF alone. Increasing OM application rates increased NaHCO- and NaOH-extractable P but decreased water-extractable P in the two soils. Soil microbial biomass P (MBP) and the percentage of MBP in Olsen-P (MBP/Olsen-P) increased by 585% and 350%, respectively, in the leached Spodosol and by 190% and 127%, respectively, in, the leached Alfisol with the treatment of CF together with 10.0 g kg(-1) OM, compared with CF alone. It appears that the reduction in P leaching by OM amendment was related to the stimulation of microbial activities, which incorporate water-soluble P from applied CF into organic fractions and retained more P in soil against leaching but available to plants. These results indicate that organic amendment in combination with CF in a 10 g OM kg(-1) soil level can increase P utilization efficiency by reducing P leaching and maintaining a larger available P pool in sandy soils. C1 [Yang, Yuangen; He, Zhenli; Stoffella, Peter J.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Yang, Yuangen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, Guiyang, Peoples R China. [Yang, Xiaoe] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China. [Graetz, Donald A.] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL USA. [Morris, Dolen] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL USA. RP He, ZL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, 2199 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM zke@ufl.edu RI He, Zhenli/R-1494-2016 OI He, Zhenli/0000-0001-7761-2070 NR 38 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 25 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 173 IS 4 BP 257 EP 266 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e31816d1edf PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 287QR UT WOS:000254932100003 ER PT J AU Strudley, MW Green, TR Ascough, JC AF Strudley, Mark W. Green, Timothy R. Ascough, James C., III TI Tillage effects on soil hydraulic properties in space and time: State of the science SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE soil management; tillage; soils; agrophysics; hydrology; spatial data ID LONG-TERM TILLAGE; CLAY-LOAM SOIL; DRAINED MOLLIC OCHRAQUALF; EARTHWORM-AFFECTED SOILS; CROP RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; PORE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; NO-TILL; CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE; BULK-DENSITY AB Soil tillage practices can affect soil hydraulic properties and processes dynamically in space and time with consequent and coupled effects on chemical movement and plant growth. This literature review addresses the quantitative effects of soil tillage and associated management (e.g., crop residues) on the temporal and spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties. Our review includes incidental management effects, such as soil compaction, and natural sources of variability, such as topography. Despite limited research on space-time predictions, many studies have addressed management effects on soil hydraulic properties and processes relevant to improved understanding of the sources of variability and their interactions in space and time. Whether examined explicitly or implicitly, the literature includes studies of interactions between treatments, such as tillage and residue management. No-tillage (NT) treatments have been compared with various tillage practices under a range of conditions with mixed results. The trend, if any, is for NT to increase macropore connectivity while generating inconsistent responses in total porosity and soil bulk density compared with conventional tillage practices. This corresponds to a general increase in ponded or near-zero tension infiltration rates and saturated hydraulic conductivities. Similarly, controlled equipment traffic may have significant effects on soil compaction and related hydraulic properties on some soils, but on others, landscape and temporal variability overwhelm wheel-track effects. Spatial and temporal variability often overshadows specific management effects, and several authors have recognized this in their analyses and interpretations. Differences in temporal variability depend on spatial locations between rows, within fields at different landscape positions, and between sites with different climates and dominant soil types. Most tillage practices have pronounced effects on soil hydraulic properties immediately following tillage application, but these effects can diminish rapidly. Long-term effects on the order of a decade or more can appear less pronounced and are sometimes impossible to distinguish from natural and unaccounted management-induced variability. New standards for experimental classification are essential for isolating and subsequently generalizing space-time responses. Accordingly, enhanced methods of field measurement and data collection combined with explicit spatio-temporal modeling and parameter estimation should provide quantitative predictions of soil hydraulic behavior due to tillage and related agricultural management. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Strudley, Mark W.; Green, Timothy R.; Ascough, James C., III] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Green, TR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, 2150-D Ctr Ave,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM tim.green@ars.usda.gov RI Green, Timothy/E-1178-2011 NR 222 TC 193 Z9 208 U1 28 U2 147 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 99 IS 1 BP 4 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.01.007 PG 45 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 298CK UT WOS:000255663800002 ER PT J AU La Scala, N Lopes, A Spokas, K Bolonhezi, D Archer, DW Reicosky, DC AF La Scala, N., Jr. Lopes, A. Spokas, K. Bolonhezi, D. Archer, D. W. Reicosky, D. C. TI Short-term temporal changes of soil carbon losses after tillage described by a first-order decay model SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE soil respiration; soil tillage; no-till; soil organic matter; labile carbon decay; CO2 flux ID ORGANIC-MATTER DYNAMICS; NATURAL C-13 ABUNDANCE; CROPPING SYSTEMS; AGGREGATE TURNOVER; DIOXIDE EFFLUX; CO2; NITROGEN; FLUXES; SEQUESTRATION; STORAGE AB Tillage stimulates soil carbon (C) losses by increasing aeration, changing temperature and moisture conditions, and thus favoring microbial decomposition. In addition, soil aggregate disruption by tillage exposes once protected organic matter to decomposition. We propose a model to explain carbon dioxide (CO2) emission after tillage as a function of the no-till emission plus a correction due to the tillage disturbance. The model assumes that C in the readily decomposable organic matter follows a first-order reaction kinetics equation as: dC(sail)(t)/dt = -kC(soil)(t) and that soil C-CO2 emission is proportional to the C decay rate in soil, where C-soil(t) is the available labile soil C (g m(-2)) at any time (t). Emissions are modeled in terms soil C available to decomposition in the tilled and non-tilled plots, and a relationship is derived between no-till (F-NT) and tilled (F-Gamma) fluxes, which is: F-T = a1F(NT)e(-a2t), where t is time after tillage. Predicted and observed fluxes showed good agreement based on determination coefficient (R-2), index of agreement and model efficiency, with R-2 as high as 0.97. The two parameters included in the model are related to the difference between the decay constant (k factor) of tilled and no-till plots (a(2)) and also to the amount of labile carbon added to the readily decomposable soil organic matter due to tillage (a,). These two parameters were estimated in the model ranging from 1.27 and 2.60 (a(1)) and - 1.52 x 10(-2) and 2.2 x 10(-2) day(-1) (a(2)). The advantage is that temporal variability of tillage-induced emissions can be described by only one analytical function that includes the no-till emission plus an exponential term modulated by tillage and environmentally dependent parameters. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [La Scala, N., Jr.; Lopes, A.; Bolonhezi, D.] FCAV UNESP, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. [Spokas, K.; Reicosky, D. C.] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Archer, D. W.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP La Scala, N (reprint author), FCAV UNESP, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. EM lascala@fcav.unesp.br RI La Scala Jr., Newton/C-4398-2012; Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016; OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959; Archer, David/0000-0002-4816-7040 NR 42 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 99 IS 1 BP 108 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.01.006 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 298CK UT WOS:000255663800009 ER PT J AU Lin, F Chen, XM AF Lin, F. Chen, X. M. TI Molecular mapping of genes for race-specific overall resistance to stripe rust in wheat cultivar Express SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ANALOG POLYMORPHISM MARKERS; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; CONFERRING RESISTANCE; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; BARLEY; INHERITANCE; PATHOGEN; MAP AB 'Express', a hard red spring wheat cultivar that has been widely grown in the western United States, is used to differentiate races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, the causal fungal pathogen of wheat stripe rust. To identify genes conferring race-specific, overall resistance to stripe rust, Express was crossed with 'Avocet S'. The parents and F-1, F-2, F-3 and F-5 populations were tested with races PST-1, PST-21, PST-43, and PST-45 of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici in the seedling stage under controlled greenhouse conditions. Two dominant genes for resistance to stripe rust were identified, one conferring resistance to PST-1 and PST-21, and the other conferring resistance to all four races. Linkage groups were constructed for the resistance genes using 146 F-5 lines to establish resistance gene analog and chromosome-specific simple sequence repeat marker polymorphisms. The gene for resistance to races PST-1 and PST-21 was mapped on the long arm of chromosome 1B, and that conferring resistance to all four races was mapped on the long arm of chromosome 5B. We temporarily designate the gene on 1BL as YrExp1 and the gene on 5BL as YrExp2. Polymorphism of at least one of the two markers flanking YrExp2 was detected in 91% of the 44 tested wheat genotypes, suggesting that they would be useful in marker-assisted selection for combining the gene with other resistance genes into many other wheat cultivars. Knowledge of these genes will be useful to understand recent virulence changes in the pathogen populations. C1 [Lin, F.; Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu NR 28 TC 28 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD APR PY 2008 VL 116 IS 6 BP 797 EP 806 DI 10.1007/s00122-008-0713-7 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 278DB UT WOS:000254262600006 PM 18214420 ER PT J AU Park, AY Canam, T Kang, KY Ellis, DD Mansfield, SD AF Park, A-Young Canam, Thomas Kang, Kyu-Young Ellis, David D. Mansfield, Shawn D. TI Over-expression of an arabidopsis family A sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) gene alters plant growth and fibre development SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS); carbohydrate metabolism; plant growth; plant metabolism; soluble carbohydrates; sucrose; tobacco; fibre development ID FOLIAR CARBOHYDRATE ACCUMULATION; TOMATO PLANTS; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; CELLULOSE BIOSYNTHESIS; DECREASED EXPRESSION; CO2 ENRICHMENT; POTATO-TUBERS; METABOLISM; MAIZE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB The objective of this study was to manipulate the intracellular pools of sucrose by differentially expressing exogenous sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and investigating its role in regulating plant growth and fibre development. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) plants were transformed with an arabidopsis SPS gene under the regulation of the ubiquitously expressed tandem repeat of the 35S cauliflower mosaic virus promoter, and subject to growth trials and fibre characterization. It was apparent that over-expression of SPS resulted in substantially elevated concentrations of sink sucrose pools compared to wild-type plants, while source tissue sucrose pools remained the same. All transformed plants had significantly increased stem height, which was ascribed to internode elongation, and greater stem diameters, longer fibers and increased total dry biomass relative to the control plants. Difference in the chemical composition of either the storage or structural carbohydrates of the wild-type and SPS transgenic lines were only minor. The correlation between increased stem sucrose content and plant phenotypes with elevated SPS gene expression confirm a role for sucrose availability in controlling plant growth and fibre elongation. C1 [Park, A-Young; Canam, Thomas; Kang, Kyu-Young; Mansfield, Shawn D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Wood Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Ellis, David D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Mansfield, SD (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Wood Sci, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. EM shawn.mansfield@ubc.ca OI Kang, Kyu-Young/0000-0002-0457-842X NR 36 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 EI 1573-9368 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 17 IS 2 BP 181 EP 192 DI 10.1007/s11248-007-9090-2 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 279KK UT WOS:000254353900003 ER PT J AU Crowell, EF McGrath, JM Douches, DS AF Crowell, Elizabeth F. McGrath, J. Mitchell Douches, David S. TI Accumulation of vitamin E in potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase; homogentisate phytyltransferase; alpha-tocopherol; metabolic engineering ID HOMOGENTISATE PHYTYLTRANSFERASE; TOCOPHEROL BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; SEED TOCOPHEROL; PLANTS; PATHWAY; DIOXYGENASE; STRESS; MUTANT AB Vitamin E (tocopherol) is a powerful antioxidant essential for human health and synthesized only by photosynthetic organisms. The effects of over-expression of tocopherol biosynthetic enzymes have been studied in leaves and seeds, but not in a non-photosynthetic, below-ground plant organ. Genetic and molecular approaches were used to determine if increased levels of tocopberols can be accumulated in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers through metabolic engineering. Two transgenes were constitutively over-expressed in potato: Arabidopsis thaliana p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (At-HPPD) and A. thaliana homogentisate phytyltransferase (At-HPT). alpha-Tocopherol levels in the transgenic plants were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. In potato tubers, over-expression of At-HPPD resulted in a maximum 266% increase in alpha-tocopherol, and over-expression of At-HPT yielded a 106% increase. However, tubers from transgenic plants still accumulated approximately 10- and 100-fold less alpha-tocopherol than leaves or seeds, respectively. The results indicate that physiological and regulatory constraints may be the most limiting factors for tocopherol. accumulation in potato tubers. Studying regulation and induction of tocopherol. biosynthesis should reveal approaches to more effectively engineer crops with enhanced tocopherol content. C1 [Crowell, Elizabeth F.; Douches, David S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [McGrath, J. Mitchell] USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Crowell, EF (reprint author), INRA, Inst Jean Pierre Bourgin, Biochim Cellulaire Lab, Route St Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France. EM Elizabeth.Crowell@versailles.inra.fr NR 44 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD APR PY 2008 VL 17 IS 2 BP 205 EP 217 DI 10.1007/s11248-007-9091-1 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 279KK UT WOS:000254353900005 PM 17415670 ER PT J AU Sicard, O Marandel, G Soriano, JM Lalli, DA Lambert, P Salava, J Badenes, ML Abbott, A Decroocq, V AF Sicard, O. Marandel, G. Soriano, J. M. Lalli, D. A. Lambert, P. Salava, J. Badenes, M. L. Abbott, A. Decroocq, V. TI Flanking the major Plum pox virus resistance locus in apricot with co-dominant markers (SSRs) derived from candidate resistance genes SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Plum pox virus; SSR; resistance QTL ID PRUNUS-ARMENIACA L.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SHARKA DISEASE; LINKAGE MAPS; RNA VIRUS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFECTION; EIF4E; EXPRESSION; ARGONAUTE AB Plum pox virus (PPV) is a potyvirus that causes sharka disease in infested stone fruit trees (Prunus species, peach, apricot, plum). In apricots, the resistance is controlled by a major quantitative trait locus that explains up to 70% of the phenotypic variance; it is localised in the upper part of linkage group 1. In this report, we transformed candidate genes that mapped in the region of the apricot resistance locus into polymerase chain reaction markers (SSCP and SSR) and tested for their co-localisation with the major PPV resistance locus in related and unrelated populations. Three populations of F1 and F2 individuals issued from crosses between the PPV-resistant cultivar `Stark Early Orange' or `Goldrich' and three susceptible parents were used in this study. Molecular-marker data were collected to determine the linkage relationship between the PPV resistance locus in apricots and markers that target candidate disease-resistance genes. In addition, SSR markers linked to resistance-gene candidates were mapped to positions flanking the PPV resistance locus in different apricot populations. Therefore, we demonstrate that this strategy helps to saturate the major genomic region controlling resistance to PPV in apricot with valuable co-dominant markers. C1 [Sicard, O.; Marandel, G.; Decroocq, V.] Univ Bordeaux 2, INRA, UMR Genom & Dev Pouvoir Pathogene, IBVM, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. [Soriano, J. M.; Badenes, M. L.] IVIA, Valencia 46113, Spain. [Lalli, D. A.; Abbott, A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Genet Biochem & Life Sci Studies, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Lambert, P.] INRA, UGAFL, F-84143 Montfavet, France. [Salava, J.] Res Inst Crop Prod, Div Plant Med, CR-16106 Prague 6, Czech Republic. [Lalli, D. A.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Decroocq, V (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux 2, INRA, UMR Genom & Dev Pouvoir Pathogene, IBVM, 71 Ave Edouard Bourleaux, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. EM decroocq@bordeaux.inra.fr RI Badenes, Maria Luisa/C-6606-2014; Decroocq, Veronique/M-1059-2016 OI Badenes, Maria Luisa/0000-0001-9722-6783; Decroocq, Veronique/0000-0001-6745-6350 NR 38 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD APR PY 2008 VL 4 IS 2 BP 359 EP 365 DI 10.1007/s11295-007-0114-0 PG 7 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 261OY UT WOS:000253091100020 ER PT J AU Oren, R Kull, K Noormets, A AF Oren, Ram Kull, Kalevi Noormets, Asko TI Olevi Kull's lifetime contribution to ecology SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Biographical-Item DE chlorophyll : nitrogen ratio; light; O-3 x CO2 interaction; photosynthetic modeling AB In this article dedicated to Olevi Kull (June 22, 1955-January 31, 2007), we draw on his writings (in English and translated) to outline his thoughts on the relationship between scientists and science. We provide a brief synthesis of his most important work, give a short account of his career and, to bring the man into focus, share some personal stories of interactions with him. Kull considered that for a personal understanding to become scientific knowledge it must be explained convincingly based on theory and empirical support, and then taught to others in both spoken and written words. He saw the last step as the main distinction between learning and science. Olevi Kull's approach to science relied on two principles: first, linking theory and experiments in challenging settings, e.g., to test the generality of his ideas he often challenged them in multi-layered, mixed-species canopies. Second, he insisted on setting experiments to test assumptions used in quantitative analyses or in explaining an observed outcome; this, at times, led to falsification of commonly held ideas, thus enhancing ecophysiological understanding. After describing Kull's application of these principles, we give a brief synthesis of his most important work, in which he demonstrated through experimentation and modeling how the vertical distribution of leaves in canopies is consistent with the acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus. We also review some of his findings on the interactive effects of carbon dioxide and ozone on canopy photosynthesis. C1 [Oren, Ram] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Kull, Kalevi] Univ Tartu, Dept Semiot, EE-50410 Tartu, Estonia. [Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Noormets, Asko] USDA Forest Serv, So Global Change Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Oren, R (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM ramoren@duke.edu RI Noormets, Asko/A-7257-2009 OI Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X EI 1758-4469 J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 28 IS 4 BP 483 EP 490 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 290LB UT WOS:000255123200002 PM 18244935 ER PT J AU Maier, CA Palmroth, S Ward, E AF Maier, Chris A. Palmroth, Sari Ward, Eric TI Short-term effects of fertilization on photosynthesis and leaf morphology of field-grown loblolly pine following long-term exposure to elevated CO2 concentration SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Traveling Workshop on Regional Forest Responses to Environmental Change CY OCT 06-13, 2006 CL Black Rock, NY SP Int Union Forest Res Org, Canopy Proc Working Grp DE FACE; global change; J(max); nitrogen availability; photosynthetic capacity; Pinus taeda; stomatal conductance; V-cmax ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; PROGRESSIVE NITROGEN LIMITATION; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; GAS-EXCHANGE; CO2-ENRICHED ATMOSPHERE; NET PHOTOSYNTHESIS; TEMPERATE FOREST; TAEDA; ENRICHMENT; RESPONSES AB We examined effects of a first nitrogen (N) fertilizer application on upper-canopy needle morphology and gas exchange in similar to 20-m-tall loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) exposed to elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) for 9 years. Duke Forest free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) plots were split and half of each ring fertilized with 112 kg ha(-1) elemental N applied in two applications in March and April 2005. Measurements of needle length (L), mass per unit area (LMA), N concentration (N-1) on a mass and an area basis, light-saturated net photosynthesis per unit leaf area (A(a)) and per unit mass (A), and leaf conductance (90 began after the second fertilizer application in existing 1-year-old foliage (F-O) and later in developing current-year first-flush (F-C1) and current-year second-flush (F-C2) foliage. Elevated [CO2] increased A(a) by 43 and 52% in F-O and F-C1, foliage, respectively, but generally had no significant effect on any other parameter. Fertilization had little or no significant effect on L, LMA, A or g(L) in F-O foliage; although N, was significantly higher in fertilized trees by midsummer. In contrast, fertilization resulted in large increases in L, N-1, and A in F-C1, and F-C2 foliage, increasing A(a) by about 20%. These results suggest that, although both needle age classes accumulate N following fertilization, they use it differently-current-year foliage incorporates N into photosynthetic machinery, whereas 1-year-old foliage serves as an N store. There were no significant interaction effects of elevated [CO2] and fertilization on A. Elevated [CO2] increased the intercept of the A:N-1 relationship but did not significantly affect the slope of the relationship in either foliage age class. C1 [Maier, Chris A.] USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Palmroth, Sari; Ward, Eric] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Maier, CA (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM cmaier@fs.fed.us RI Ward, Eric/D-7131-2017 OI Ward, Eric/0000-0002-5047-5464 NR 54 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X EI 1758-4469 J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD APR PY 2008 VL 28 IS 4 BP 597 EP 606 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 290LB UT WOS:000255123200012 PM 18244945 ER PT J AU Fajvan, MA Rentch, J Gottschalk, K AF Fajvan, Mary Ann Rentch, Jim Gottschalk, Kurt TI The effects of thinning and gypsy moth defoliation on wood volume growth in oaks SO TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION LA English DT Article DE Gypsy moth; dendroecology; oaks; repeated measures analysis ID WHITE OAK; RADIAL GROWTH; QUERCUS-RUBRA; RED OAK; TREES; CLIMATE; CONNECTICUT; MORTALITY; EARLYWOOD; FEATURES AB Stem dissection and dendroecological methods were used to examine the effects of thinning and defoliation by gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) on wood volume increment in oaks (Quercus rubra L., Q. alba L., Q. prinus L.). A model was developed to evaluate radial volume increment growth at three time periods: before defoliation, during defoliation and after defoliation, as a function of species, defoliation intensity and crown position. Volume increment during these same time periods was also compared at different stem locations. Trees were defoliated for two consecutive years and results indicated that volume loss was greater during the second year of defoliation with complete recovery taking 2-3 years after defoliation. Oaks in thinned stands had similar reductions in annual volume increment during defoliation as those in the unthinned stand. Annual volume increment demonstrated a decreasing trend from stump to base of the live crown and volume increment of the lowest log (from stump height to 1.37 m), was always higher than upper log sections, even during defoliation. Both earlywood and latewood increments were reduced during defoliation; however, latewood reductions were distributed along entire stems while earlywood reductions were greater on upper stem sections within the crown. C1 [Fajvan, Mary Ann; Gottschalk, Kurt] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Rentch, Jim] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Fajvan, MA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM mfajvan@fs.fed.us RI Rentch, James/A-7556-2009 NR 63 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0931-1890 J9 TREES-STRUCT FUNCT JI Trees-Struct. Funct. PD APR PY 2008 VL 22 IS 2 BP 257 EP 268 DI 10.1007/s00468-007-0183-6 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 277UN UT WOS:000254240300014 ER PT J AU Goff, JP AF Goff, Jesse P. TI The monitoring, prevention, and treatment of milk fever and subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows SO VETERINARY JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Production Diseases of the Transition cow CY SEP 28-29, 2006 CL Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin, IRELAND SP Alltech HO Univ Coll Dublin DE milk fever; DCAD; hypomagnesemia; hypocalcemia; anionic salts ID PARTURIENT PARESIS; MAGNESIUM ABSORPTION; GRASS TETANY; DRY PERIOD; CALCIUM; PHOSPHORUS; POTASSIUM; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; SUPPLEMENTATION; CHLORIDE AB The periparturient cow undergoes a transition from non-lactating to lactating at calving. The animal is tremendously challenged to maintain calcium homeostasis. Those that fail can develop milk fever, a clinical disorder that is life threatening to the cow and predisposes the animal to a variety of other disorders. Guidelines for monitoring the incidence of hypocalcemia and methods for treating milk fever are reviewed. The physiological factors that cause milk fever and strategies for prevention of milk fever are discussed, focusing on the effects diet cation-anion difference can have on tissue sensitivity to parathyroid hormone. Another major risk factor for milk fever is hypomagnesemia, which is observed when animals are fed inadequate amounts of magnesium, or some factor is present in the diet that prevents adequate absorption of magnesium. Moderate hypomagnesemia impairs the ability of the cow to maintain calcium homeostasis and hypocalcemia occurs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Goff, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM jesseg@westcentral.net NR 40 TC 96 Z9 109 U1 16 U2 79 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1090-0233 J9 VET J JI Vet. J. PD APR PY 2008 VL 176 IS 1 BP 50 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.tvj1.2007.12.020 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 288NN UT WOS:000254993200007 PM 18342555 ER PT J AU Brockmeier, SL Loving, CL Nicholson, TL Palmer, MV AF Brockmeier, S. L. Loving, C. L. Nicholson, T. L. Palmer, M. V. TI Coinfection of pigs with porcine respiratory coronavirus and Bordetella bronchiseptica SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE porcine respiratory coronavirus; Bordetella bronchiseptica; porcine respiratory disease complex ID TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INNATE HOST-DEFENSE; PASTEURELLA-MULTOCIDA; PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; INTRANASAL INOCULATION; ASCARIS-SUUM; T-CELL; INFECTION; EXPRESSION AB Coinfection with two or more pathogens is a common occurrence in respiratory diseases of most species. The manner in which multiple pathogens interact is not always straightforward, however. Bordetella bronchiseptica and porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) are respiratory pathogens of pigs whose relatives, B. pertussis and the SARS virus, cause respiratory disease in humans. In an initial experiment, the effect of coinfection of PRCV and B. bronchiseptica was examined in thirty, 4-week-old pigs (10 pigs/group) that were infected with either PRCV or B. bronchiseptica, or both PRCV and B. bronchiseptica. An additional 10 pigs served as sham infected controls. Five pigs from each group were euthanized at 4 and 10 days post-infection. Gross and histopathological lung lesions were more severe in the coinfected group as compared to the groups infected with B. bronchiseptica or PRCV alone. In order to investigate the potential role of proinflammatory cytokines in disease severity after coinfection, a second experiment was performed to examine cytokine transcription in alveolar macrophages from single and dually infected pigs. A total of 48 pigs were divided equally into groups as above, but 4 pigs from each group were euthanized at 1, 4 and 10 days post-infection. Coinfected pigs showed a greater and more sustained transcription of proinflammatory cytokines, especially IL-6 and MCP-1, than pigs infected with either PRCV or B. bronchiseptica alone. Thus, there appears to be a synergistic effect between PRCV and B. bronchiseptica with regards to proinflammatory cytokine transcription that may partially explain the increased severity of pneumonia in coinfected pigs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Brockmeier, S. L.; Loving, C. L.; Nicholson, T. L.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Resp Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Palmer, M. V.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Brockmeier, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Resp Dis Livestock Res Unit, 2300 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Susan.Brockmeier@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 22 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD APR 1 PY 2008 VL 128 IS 1-2 BP 36 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.09.025 PG 12 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 272BC UT WOS:000253831500003 PM 18022332 ER PT J AU Heidari, M Huebner, M Kireev, D Silva, RF AF Heidari, Mohammad Huebner, Marianne Kireev, Dmitry Silva, Robert F. TI Transcriptional profiling of Marek's disease virus genes during cytolytic and latent infection SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE microarray; gene expression; RT-PCR; herpesvirus; cytolytic; latency ID HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; DNA MICROARRAYS; HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; CELL-LINES; TURKEY HERPESVIRUS; DELETION MUTANT; ONCOPROTEIN MEQ; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN AB Marek's disease (MD), a lymphoproliferative disease of chicken is caused by a highly cell-associated alpha-herpesvirus, Marek's disease virus (MDV). MDV replicates in chicken lymphocytes and establishes a latent infection within CD4(+) T cells. The expression analysis of limited viral transcripts have revealed differences in gene expression pattern during cytolytic and latent phases of MDV infection. In this study, we conducted a global gene expression profiling of MDV using oligonucleotide-based Affymetrix GeneChip Chicken Genome Arrays. These arrays contain probe for more than 32,000 chicken transcripts and most of the known MDV genes and open reading frames. Two-week-old MD-susceptible chickens were inoculated with an oncogenic strain of MDV, and spleen samples were collected 5 and 15 days post inoculation (cytolytic and latent infection, respectively) for RNA isolation and microarray analysis. Array results displayed a significant differential pattern of viral transcriptome between the two phases of MDV infection. The expression levels of more than 78 MDV genes were increased during the cytolytic infection when compared to latent infection (2-11-fold increase). A 23-KD nuclear protein, meq oncoprotein, and R-LORF5 were among the few viral genes that were expressed during both phases of infection. In addition, there were at least 11 known and hypothetical genes that had no significant transcriptional activities during either stages of infection. These chicken genome arrays have considerable promise, as a valuable tool in understanding the molecular mechanism regulating MDV cytolytic and latent infection, and providing insights into the chicken gene expression pattern and associated biological pathways in response to different phases of viral pathogenesis. C1 [Heidari, Mohammad; Silva, Robert F.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Huebner, Marianne] Michigan State Univ, Dept Stat & Probabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kireev, Dmitry] DI Ivanovskii Inst Virol, Moscow 123098, Russia. RP Heidari, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM mohammad.heidari@ars.usda.gov; huebner@msu.edu; dkireev-1@mail.ru; bob.silva@ars.usda.gov NR 66 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD APR PY 2008 VL 36 IS 2 BP 383 EP 392 DI 10.1007/s11262-008-0203-7 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 277UO UT WOS:000254240400012 PM 18266100 ER PT J AU Schumann, KR Knowles, NJ Davies, PR Midgley, RJ Valarcher, JF Raoufi, AQ McKenna, TS Hurtle, W Burans, JP Martin, BM Rodriguez, LL Beckham, TR AF Schumann, Kate R. Knowles, Nick J. Davies, Paul R. Midgley, Rebecca J. Valarcher, Jean-Francois Raoufi, Abdul Quader McKenna, Thomas S. Hurtle, William Burans, James P. Martin, Barbara M. Rodriguez, Luis L. Beckham, Tammy R. TI Genetic characterization and molecular epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease viruses isolated from Afghanistan in 2003-2005 SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE FMDV; VP1; phylogenetic analysis; nucleotide; amino acid; Afghanistan ID PANDEMIC STRAIN; SEROTYPE ASIA-1; INDIA; EMERGENCE; EVOLUTION; ANTIBODY; LOOP AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) isolates collected from various geographic locations in Afghanistan between 2003 and 2005 were genetically characterized, and their phylogeny was reconstructed utilizing nucleotide sequences of the complete VP1 coding region. Three serotypes of FMDV (types A, O, and Asia 1) were identified as causing clinical disease in Afghanistan during this period. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the type A viruses were most closely related to isolates collected in Iran during 2002-2004. This is the first published report of serotype A in Afghanistan since 1975, therefore indicating the need for inclusion of serotype A in vaccine formulations that will be used to control disease outbreaks in this country. Serotype O virus isolates were closely related to PanAsia strains, including those that originated from Bhutan and Nepal during 2003-2004. The Asia 1 viruses, collected along the northern and eastern borders of Afghanistan, were most closely related to FMDV isolates collected in Pakistan during 2003 and 2004. Data obtained from this study provide valuable information on the FMDV serotypes circulating in Afghanistan and their genetic relationship with strains causing FMD in neighboring countries. C1 [Schumann, Kate R.; McKenna, Thomas S.; Beckham, Tammy R.] USDA, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnos, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Vet Serv,Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv,Plum Isla, Orient Point, NY 11957 USA. [Knowles, Nick J.; Davies, Paul R.; Midgley, Rebecca J.; Valarcher, Jean-Francois] Inst Food Res, Inst Anim Hlth, Pirbright Lab, Inst Anim Hlth, Woking GU24 0NF, Surrey, England. [Raoufi, Abdul Quader] Minist Agr & Anim Husbandry, Kabul, Afghanistan. [Hurtle, William] Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Dept Homeland Secur, Orient Point, NY 11957 USA. [Burans, James P.] Dept Homeland Secur, Frederick, MD 21703 USA. [Martin, Barbara M.] USDA, Vet Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Rodriguez, Luis L.] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Orient Point, NY 11957 USA. RP Schumann, KR (reprint author), USDA, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnos, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Vet Serv,Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv,Plum Isla, Orient Point, NY 11957 USA. EM Kate.R.Schumann@aphis.usda.gov NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD APR PY 2008 VL 36 IS 2 BP 401 EP 413 DI 10.1007/s11262-008-0206-4 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 277UO UT WOS:000254240400014 PM 18278548 ER PT J AU Shrestha, A Browne, GT Lampinen, BD Schneider, SM Simon, L Trout, TJ AF Shrestha, Anil Browne, Greg T. Lampinen, Bruce D. Schneider, Sally M. Simon, Leo Trout, Thomas J. TI Perennial crop nurseries treated with methyl bromide and alternative fumigants: Effects on weed seed viability, weed densities, and time required for hand weeding SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE herbicide; montreal protocol; mulch films; stratospheric ozone; seed viability ID TOMATO; CHLOROPICRIN; PEPPER; SOIL; POLYETHYLENE; MANAGEMENT; FIELDS AB Data on the efficacy of alternative fumigants to methyl bromide for weed control in perennial crop nurseries in California are needed because few herbicides are registered for this purpose. Field studies were conducted from 2003 to 2006 in four commercial perennial crop nurseries in California. Treatments included a nonfumigated control; methyl bromide (98%) (MeBr) with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) Film; iodomethane (50%) + chloropicrin (50%) with HDPE film; 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) with HDPE film; 1,3-D (61%) + chloropicrin (35%) with HDPE film; 1,3-D (62%) + chloropicrin (35%) subsurface drip; and 1,3-D (61%) + chloropicrin (35%) with virtually impermeable film (VIF). All the fumigants reduced the seed viability of common purslane, johnsongrass, and tall morningglory but were not as effective on little mallow and field bindweed. Although total weed densities and the level of control provided by each fumigant differed between locations, weed density was generally reduced by all the fumigation treatments, compared to the nonfumigated control. At three locations, alternative fumigation treatments usually resulted in hand-weeding time similar to MeBr. Reductions in weed seed viability, weed emergence, and weed densities suggest that these alternative fumigants will provide weed control similar to MeBr in perennial nurseries. C1 [Shrestha, Anil] Univ Calif Statewide IPM Program, Kearney Agr Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Browne, Greg T.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lampinen, Bruce D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schneider, Sally M.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Simon, Leo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Trout, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Shrestha, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Statewide IPM Program, Kearney Agr Ctr, 9240 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM anil@uckac.edu OI Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 22 IS 2 BP 267 EP 274 DI 10.1614/WT-07-122.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 318MW UT WOS:000257097000011 ER PT J AU Walker, ER Oliver, LR AF Walker, Eric R. Oliver, Lawrence R. TI Weed seed production as influenced by glyphosate applications at flowering across a weed complex SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE flower; late-season; preharvest; seed production; soil seedbank ID PREHARVEST APPLICATIONS; HERBICIDE APPLICATIONS; RESIDUAL HERBICIDES; RESISTANT COTTON; GROWTH STAGE; WATER-STRESS; FIELD PEA; TRANSLOCATION; ABSORPTION; MANAGEMENT AB Late-season weed infestations often do not affect yields and are allowed to mature and contribute seed to the soil seedbank, ensuring the future establishment of competitive weed complexes. Effective long-term weed management strategies must incorporate practices to reduce late-season weed seed production by weed complexes. Field studies,were conducted to determine the effects of late-season glyphosate applications on seed production of barnyardgrass, Palmer amaranth, pitted morningglory, prickly sida, and sicklepod. Although sequential 0.42-kg ae/ha glyphosate applications initiated when the first weed species in the complex flowered and repeated every 10 d was the most effective treatment and reduced seed production of all species by >= 95%, the most practical treatment was a single 0.84-kg/ha glyphosate application at pitted morningglory flowering, suppressing seed production of barnyardgrass, Palmer amaranth, pitted morningglory, prickly sida, and sicklepod by 88, 83, 98, 95, and 99%, respectively. This research demonstrates that annual contributions by a weed complex to the soil seedbank can be significantly and practically reduced by a single late-season glyphosate application. C1 [Walker, Eric R.; Oliver, Lawrence R.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Walker, ER (reprint author), USDA ARS, 605 Airways Blvd, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. EM ewalker@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 22 IS 2 BP 318 EP 325 DI 10.1614/WT-07-118.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 318MW UT WOS:000257097000019 ER PT J AU Ducey, MJ Valentine, HT AF Ducey, Mark J. Valentine, Harry T. TI Direct sampling for stand density index SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE reineke; relative density; density management diagram; horizontal point sampling ID PONDEROSA PINE STANDS; MANAGEMENT AB A direct method of estimating stand density index in the field, without complex calculations, would be useful in a variety of silvicultural situations. We present just such a method. The approach uses an ordinary prism or other angle gauge, but it involves deliberately "pushing the point" or, in some cases, "pulling the point." This adjusts the usual limiting distances in prism sampling to match the limiting distances required for sampling with a specified stand density factor (SDF). The estimate of stand density associated with a point is just the number of trees tallied times the SDF; no diameter measurements are needed. We give guidelines on choosing an OF on the basis of expected stand characteristics and equations for calculating the limiting distances and the amount of "push." Field implementation of the resulting method is extremely fast and simple. C1 [Ducey, Mark J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Valentine, Harry T.] US Forest Serv, NE Forest Expt Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Ducey, MJ (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM mjducey@cisunix.unh.edu RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD APR PY 2008 VL 23 IS 2 BP 78 EP 82 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 288UI UT WOS:000255010900002 ER PT J AU Runde, DE Nolte, DL Arjo, WM Pitt, WC AF Runde, Douglas E. Nolte, Dale L. Arjo, Wendy M. Pitt, William C. TI Efficacy of individual barriers to prevent damage to Douglas-Fir seedlings by captive mountain beavers SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE mountain beaver; Aplodontia rufa; Douglas-fir; Pseudotsuga menziesii; tree shelters ID GROWTH AB We tested the ability of individual tree seedling protectors to deter mountain beavers from damaging Douglas-fir seedlings. Using captive mountain beavers in field pens, we tested 20 products representative of a wide range of barriers suitable for protecting individual tree seedlings from rodent damage. Eleven products protected 95% or more of seedlings from damage. Tree shelters and fabric shelters provided the most protection; 98 and 95% of seedlings were undamaged, respectively. Rigid mesh protector tubes protected 81% of seedlings, and protection netting protected 55% of seedlings. Purchase prices varied widely; protection netting was least expensive, followed by rigid mesh tubes, fabric shelters, and tree shelters. Seedling growth was greatest within fabric shelters and plastic tree shelters. Materials used to construct 15 of the 20 tree protectors were tested using captive mountain beavers in small sheltered pens. Here, samples of barrier materials were used to block access to a favored food. The four materials that excluded all test animals in all trials were from unvented tree shelters with solid seamless walls. Seven materials failed to exclude any animals in the sheltered-pen trials. C1 [Runde, Douglas E.; Nolte, Dale L.; Arjo, Wendy M.] USDA, APHIS Wildlife Serv, Olympia Field Stn, NWRC, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Runde, Douglas E.; Pitt, William C.] USDA, APHIS Wildlife Serv, Hawaii Field Stn, NWRC, Hilo, HI 96721 USA. RP Runde, DE (reprint author), USDA, APHIS Wildlife Serv, Hawaii Field Stn, NWRC, POB 10880, Hilo, HI 96721 USA. EM douglas.e.runde@aphis.usda.gov; dale.l.nolte@aphis.usda.gov; wendy.m.arjo@aphis.usda.gov; will.pitt@aphis.usda.gov NR 17 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD APR PY 2008 VL 23 IS 2 BP 99 EP 105 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 288UI UT WOS:000255010900006 ER PT J AU Caouette, JP DeGayner, EJ AF Caouette, John P. DeGayner, Eugene J. TI Broad-scale classification and mapping of tree size and density attributes in productive old-growth forests in southeast Alaska's Tongass National Forest SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; forest structure; forest management; forest mapping; quadratic mean diameter; stand density index; Tongass National Forest; southeast Alaska AB The forest classification and mapping system currently used in managing the Tongass National Forest (NF) is based largely on an economic forest measure, net board foot volume per acre. Although useful for timber economic modeling, this forest measure poorly differentiates old-growth forest types in a way that is meaningful to ecological and social concerns. In 2005, we published an article presenting a proposed tree size and tree density mapping model for the Tongass NF. We claimed the model would provide better information on the structural patterns in old-growth forests than did the current mapping models based on net board foot volume per acre. We also stated that further testing of our proposed model is required before it can be fully integrated into forest management plans and landscape analysis. In this article, we used independent field data to evaluate our proposed tree size and density model and better define its accuracy. Results showed differences among mapping classes similar to differences observed in the development stages of the model. Results also showed mapping accuracy estimates between 60 and 80%. We used the model in a forest management application by comparing the representation of old-growth forest types within a landscape to the representation within a management-defined subset of that landscape. C1 [DeGayner, Eugene J.] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM jcaouette@tne.org; edegaynar@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD APR PY 2008 VL 23 IS 2 BP 106 EP 112 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 288UI UT WOS:000255010900007 ER PT J AU Smith, NR Bailey, P Haney, H Salbador, D Greene, J AF Smith, Nathan R. Bailey, Phillip Haney, Harry, Jr. Salbador, Debra Greene, John TI The impact of federal and state income tax liabilities on timber investments in the West SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE investment; landowners; cost; tax planning; rate of return AB Federal and state income taxes are calculated for hypothetical forest landowners in two income brackets across 13 states in the West to illustrate the effects of differential state tax treatment. The income tax liability is calculated in a year in which the timber owners harvest $200,000 worth of timber. State income taxes range from highs of $19,693 for middle-income and $34,993 for high-income landowners in Oregon to no income tax in Alaska, Nevada, Washington and Wyoming. After-tax land expectation values for a forest landowner in Oregon are also calculated to illustrate the importance of tax planning on returns to a timber investment. The need for adequate tax accounting is supported by the results. C1 [Smith, Nathan R.] S Carolina Forestry Commiss, Columbia, SC 29221 USA. [Bailey, Phillip] LLC, Terra Source Valuat, Waxhaw, NC 28173 USA. [Haney, Harry, Jr.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forestry, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Salbador, Debra] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Accounting & Informat Syst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Greene, John] US Forest Serv, So Forest Expt Stn, New Orleans, LA 70113 USA. RP Smith, NR (reprint author), S Carolina Forestry Commiss, POB 21707, Columbia, SC 29221 USA. EM nasmith@vt.edu NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD APR PY 2008 VL 23 IS 2 BP 121 EP 126 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 288UI UT WOS:000255010900009 ER PT J AU Hunt, JF Gut, H Lebowt, PK AF Hunt, John F. Gut, Hongmei Lebowt, Patricia K. TI Theoretical thermal conductivity equation for uniform density wood cells SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE resistive-circuit modeling; wood cell; thermal conductivity; moisture content; heat transfer; cellular structure; finite element modeling; anisotropy AB The anisotropy of wood creates a complex problem requiring that analyses be based on fundamental material properties and characteristics of the wood structure to solve heat transfer problems. A two-dimensional finite element model that evaluates the effective thermal conductivity of a wood cell over the full range of moisture contents and porosities was previously developed, but its dependence on software limits its use. A statistical curve-fit to finite-element results would provide a simplified expression of the model's results without the need for software to interpolate values. This paper develops an explicit equation for the values from the finite-element thermal conductivity analysis. The equation is derived from a fundamental equivalent resistive-circuit model for general thermal conductivity problems. Constants were added to the equation to improve the regression-fit for the resistive model. The equation determines thermal conductivity values for the full range of densities and moisture contents. This new equation provides thermal conductivity values for uniform-density wood material using inputs of only oven-dry density and moisture content. An explicit method for determining thermal conductivity of uniform density wood cells has potential uses for many wood applications. C1 [Hunt, John F.; Gut, Hongmei; Lebowt, Patricia K.] USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Hunt, JF (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jfhunt@fs.fed.us NR 9 TC 2 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 40 IS 2 BP 167 EP 180 PG 14 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 292LH UT WOS:000255267000003 ER PT J AU Buehlmann, U Kline, DE Wiedenbeck, JK Noble, R AF Buehlmann, Urs Kline, D. Earl Wiedenbeck, Janice K. Noble, R., Jr. TI Validation of the standardized and simplified cutting bill SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cutting-bill requirements; lumber yield; rip-first rough mill; fractional-factorial design; standardized; simplified Buehlmann cutting bill; model validation ID CHARACTER-MARKED FURNITURE; LUMBER YIELD INCREASE; ROUGH MILL; RIP AB This research validated the framework for the standardized and simplified cutting bill presented in an earlier paper. The cutting bill validation was carried out in two ways. First, all 20 of the cutting bill's part groups were examined to determine if significant yield influences resulted from changing specific part sizes within the boundaries of a given part group. Second, five cutting bills from industrial operations were fit into the framework of the cutting bill, and the simulated yields from these industrial cutting bills were compared with the fitted cutting bills. Yield differences between the two were calculated and tested for significance. Tests revealed that the standardized and simplified cutting bill framework performed as designed. The maximum yield difference observed was 2% and the average less than 1%. Clustering the industrial cutting bill part requirements according to the cutting bill framework led to an average absolute yield deviation between the original cutting bills and the clustered cutting bills of 3.25%. These results show while cutting bill part-size requirements can be clustered into part groups, yield differences of a certain magnitude are introduced by so doing. C1 [Buehlmann, Urs; Kline, D. Earl] Virginia Tech, Dept Wood Sci & Forest Prod, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Wiedenbeck, Janice K.] USDA, Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. [Noble, R., Jr.] Miami Univ, Dept Math Stat, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Buehlmann, U (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Wood Sci & Forest Prod, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM buehlmann@gmail.com NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 40 IS 2 BP 202 EP 213 PG 12 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 292LH UT WOS:000255267000006 ER PT J AU Zhu, JY Vahey, DW Scott, CT AF Zhu, J. Y. Vahey, David W. Scott, C. Tim. TI Some observations of wood density and anatomical properties in a Douglas-fir sample with suppressed growth SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SilviScan; tracheid; wood density; diameter; wall thickness; anisotropy; image analysis; resolution; suppressed growth; small diameter; thinnings; pulp ID NORWAY SPRUCE; FIBER PROPERTIES; TRACHEID LENGTH; PULP AB This study used ring width correlations to examine the effects of tree-growth suppression on within-tree local wood density and tracheid anatomical properties. A wood core sample was taken from a 70-yr-old Douglas-fir that grew under various degrees of suppression in a natural forest setting. SilviScan and an imaging technique were used to obtain wood density and tracheid cross-section dimensions. The results indicated that wood and tracheid properties correlate to annual-ring width very well. The results also reveal that growth suppression may increase the uniformity of wood density and tracheid cell-wall thickness in both radial and tangential directions. C1 [Zhu, J. Y.; Vahey, David W.; Scott, C. Tim.] USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 40 IS 2 BP 225 EP 232 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 292LH UT WOS:000255267000008 ER PT J AU Chen, GC AF Chen, George C. TI Synthesis and evaluation of aminoborates derived from boric acid and diols for protecting wood against fungal and thermal degradation SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aminoborates; fungal decay; thermal protection; synthesis; wood ID PENTOXIDE-AMINE SYSTEM; INORGANIC ADDITIVES; COMBUSTION; CELLULOSE; CHAR AB N-methyl amino catechol borate (1), N-methyl amino-4-methyl catechol borate (2), N-methyl amino-4-t-butyl catechol borate (3), and N-methyl amino-2, 3-naphthyl borate (4) were synthesized by reflux of boric acid with a diol in solvent N,N-dimethyl formamide. The aminoborates were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Wood impregnated with aminoborate 1, 3, or 4 after 2-wk water leaching was able to prevent decay by a brown- and white-rot fungus. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that wood impregnated with aminoborate 1 or 4 had a high char yield. DSC showed that the pyrolysis pathway of wood treated with aminoborates proceeds by depolymerization of cellulose. Chars formed from wood impregnated with aminoborates were more stable to thermal degradation than the control. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Chen, GC (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM gchen@fs.fed.us NR 13 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 40 IS 2 BP 248 EP 257 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 292LH UT WOS:000255267000011 ER PT J AU Stark, NM Mueller, SA AF Stark, Nicole M. Mueller, Scott A. TI Improving the color stability of wood-plastic composites through fiber pre-treatment SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE wood-plastic composites; weathering; color; extractives; pigments ID DENSITY-POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; FLOUR COMPOSITES; PERFORMANCE; FTIR AB Wood-plastic composites (WPCs) continue to make inroads into the decking market. One of the main drawbacks from the consumer's perspective is that they can fade during weathering. It has been shown that WPCs fade more when exposed to a combination of light and water spray than when exposed only to light. This suggests that the loss of the color-imparting extractives from the wood could be partly to blame for color fade. Pigments are routinely added to only the plastic matrix to combat WPC color fade despite the fact that change in color could be due primarily to changes in the wood component of WPCs. In this study, we investigated two methods of fiber pretreatment in an attempt to improve the color stability of WPCs. The first was to remove water-soluble extractives from wood flour through a series of washes. Washed wood flour was then compounded with high-density polyethylene and injection-molded into test specimens. The second method involved coloring wood flour with either a water-based dye or at) oil-based stain. Colored wood flour was also compounded with high-density polyethylene and injection-molded into test specimens. Pigments were added to half of the composites containing colored wood. The composites underwent accelerated weathering in a xenon-arc weathering apparatus, and were monitored for changes in color. Washing wood flour and coloring wood flour with a water-based dye were ineffective for improving composite color stability during weathering. However, coloring wood flour with an oil-based stain resulted in a more color stable WPC. C1 [Stark, Nicole M.; Mueller, Scott A.] USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Stark, NM (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM nstark@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 40 IS 2 BP 271 EP 278 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 292LH UT WOS:000255267000013 ER PT J AU Green, DW Evans, JW AF Green, David W. Evans, James W. TI Effect of cyclic long-term temperature exposure on the bending strength of lumber SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE lumber; high temperature; long-term exposure; cyclic temperature exposure; permanent effects; total effects ID WOOD AB This research evaluated the historical assumption that repeated exposure to elevated temperatures has a cumulative effect on wood properties. This recommendation was given in a paper by J. D. MacLean in 1951 and is a critical assumption when estimating the permanent effect of temperature on wood properties. No experimental results to support the recommendation were presented by MacLean. Approximately 670 southern pine and Douglas-fir solid-sawn 2x4's of two mechanical grades and one visual grade were subjected to cyclic and continuous exposure at 82 degrees C and 30% RH for periods up to 30 mo. They were then tested after equilibration to room temperature and 20% RH. The cyclic exposure specimens alternated between 1 mo at 82 degrees C and 1 mo at room temperature. The results show that there is no significant difference between the residual modulus of rupture (MOR) of the cyclic and continuously-exposed specimens for equivalent exposure periods. Trends in residual arabinose also supported this conclusion. Plotting the residual MOR of the cyclic specimens as the summation of the time they were exposed to the higher temperature provided a conservative estimate of the permanent effect of temperature. The results discussed in this paper are a small subset of a larger study and are not intended for use in general engineering design. C1 [Green, David W.; Evans, James W.] USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Green, DW (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dwgreen@fs.fed.us NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 2008 VL 40 IS 2 BP 288 EP 300 PG 13 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 292LH UT WOS:000255267000015 ER PT J AU Stone, DAJ Gaylord, TG Johansen, KA Overturf, K Sealey, WM Hardy, RW AF Stone, David A. J. Gaylord, T. Gibson Johansen, Katherine A. Overturf, Ken Sealey, Wendy M. Hardy, Ronald W. TI Evaluation of the effects of repeated fecal collection by manual stripping on the plasma cortisol levels, TNF-alpha gene expression, and digestibility and availability of nutrients from hydrolyzed poultry and egg meal by rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE rainbow trout; methods; digestibility; poultry meal; stress; cortisol; TNF-alpha expression ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY; FECES COLLECTION; SOYBEAN-MEAL; FISH-MEAL; PROTEIN; DIETS; MARKERS; LUPIN; COEFFICIENTS AB The determination of apparent nutrient digestibility and availability coefficients (ADC and AAC) of ingredients is an important process in the formulation of cost efficient diets for fish. Collection of feces by repeated manual stripping is commonly practiced. However, due to the stress and possible physical damage imposed on fish during repeated stripping, this practice may influence ADC and AAC values. Our study evaluates the effects of repeated stripping three times over a period of five days on the ADCs and AACs of nutrients from hydrolyzed whole poultry egg meal for rainbow trout. We also evaluated the effects of repeated stripping on the stress status (plasma cortisol), innate immune response (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression) and physical damage of the distal section of the digestive tract (histological examination) of rainbow trout (mean weight 308 g). Plasma cortisol levels were significantly elevated at the completion of each stripping event, indicating the procedure was stressful to rainbow trout. While the gene expression of TNF-alpha indicated a compounding chronic effect of the repeated stripping procedure on the innate immune response of rainbow trout. However, microscopic histological examination of the distal section of the digestive tract indicated no apparent sign of physical damage due to the repeated fecal stripping procedure. Dietary ADCs and AACs for dry matter, organic matter, protein, amino acids and energy were unaffected by repeated stripping. While ingredient ADCs and AACs for dry matter, organic matter, protein, amino acids and lipid were also unaffected by repeated stripping. However, dietary lipid and ingredient energy ADCs were significantly affected by repeated stripping. Additionally, the repeated stripping significantly (P < 0.05) affected the dietary and ingredient AACs for minerals, suggesting that although the collection of feces by repeated manual stripping may be a useful method for the determination of protein ADCs and amino acid AACs, for lipid, energy ADCs and mineral AACs single stripping is a more accurate alternative. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Stone, David A. J.; Sealey, Wendy M.; Hardy, Ronald W.] Univ Idaho, Inst Aquaculture Res, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Idaho Falls, ID 83332 USA. [Gaylord, T. Gibson; Johansen, Katherine A.; Overturf, Ken] USDA ARS, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Idaho Falls, ID 83332 USA. RP Stone, DAJ (reprint author), S Australian Res & Dev Inst, POB 120, Henley Beach, SA 5022, Australia. EM stone.david@saugov.sa.gov.au NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD MAR 31 PY 2008 VL 275 IS 1-4 BP 250 EP 259 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.01.003 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 291SW UT WOS:000255218100032 ER PT J AU Burkholder, BK Grant, GE Haggerty, R Khangaonkar, T Wampler, PJ AF Burkholder, Barbara K. Grant, Gordon E. Haggerty, Roy Khangaonkar, Tarang Wampler, Peter J. TI Influence of hyporheic flow and geomorphology on temperature of a large, gravel-bed river, Clackamas River, Oregon, USA SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT General Assembly of the European-Geosciences-Union CY APR 15-20, 2007 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP European Geosci Union DE hyporheic exchange; river temperature; gravel bars; geomorphology; groundwater modelling ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; STREAM TEMPERATURES; TRANSIENT STORAGE; MOUNTAIN STREAMS; WATER-QUALITY; TIME-SERIES; ZONE; DYNAMICS; EXCHANGE; PATHS AB The hyporheic zone influences the thermal regime of rivers, buffering temperature by storing and releasing heat over a range of timescales. We examined the relationship between hyporheic exchange and temperature along a 24-km reach of the lower Clackamas River, a large gravel-bed river in northwestern Oregon (median discharge = 75.7 m(3)/s; minimum mean monthly discharge = 22-7 m(3)/s in August 2006). With a simple mixing model, we estimated how much hyporheic exchange cools the river during hot Summer months. Hyporheic exchange was primarily identified by temperature anomalies, which are patches of water that demonstrate at least a 1 degrees C temperature difference from the main channel. Forty hyporheic temperature anomalies were identified through field investigations and thermal-infrared-raiometry (TIR) in summer 2006. The location of anomalies was associated with specific geomorphic features, primarily bar channels and bar heads that act as preferential pathways for hyporheic flow. Detailed field characterization and groundwater modelling on three Clackamas gravel bars indicate residence times of hyporheic water can vary from hours to weeks and months. This was largely determined by hydraulic conductivity, which is affected by how recently the gravel bar formed or was reworked. Upscaling of modelled discharges and hydrologic parameters from these bars to other anomalies on the Clackamas network shows that hyporheic discharge from anomalies comprises a small fraction (<< 1%) of mainstem discharge, resulting in small river-cooling effects (0-012 degrees C). However, the presence of cooler patches of water within rivers can act as thermal refugia for fish and other aquatic organisms, making the creation or enhancement of hyporheic exchange an attractive method in restoring the thermal regime of rivers. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Burkholder, Barbara K.; Haggerty, Roy] Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Grant, Gordon E.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Khangaonkar, Tarang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98382 USA. [Wampler, Peter J.] Grand Valley State Univ, Dept Geol, Allendale, MI 49401 USA. RP Haggerty, R (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, 104 Wilkinson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM haggerti@geo.oregonstate.edu RI Haggerty, Roy/A-5863-2009; Wampler, Peter/A-6262-2013 OI Wampler, Peter/0000-0001-8689-3804 NR 48 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD MAR 30 PY 2008 VL 22 IS 7 BP 941 EP 953 DI 10.1002/hyp.6984 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 285ZQ UT WOS:000254815100004 ER PT J AU Santhi, C Allen, PM Muttiah, RS Arnold, JG Tuppad, P AF Santhi, C. Allen, P. M. Muttiah, R. S. Arnold, J. G. Tuppad, P. TI Regional estimation of base flow for the conterminous United States by hydrologic landscape regions SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE base flow; recursive digital filter method; landscape regions; regression; regionalization; continental ID DISTRIBUTED PHYSIOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTORS; GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; CATCHMENT PROPERTIES; STREAMFLOW RECORDS; RESPONSE RELATIONS; CLIMATE; ECOREGIONS; DISCHARGE; RUNOFF; USA AB Information on base flow availability and/or contributions is needed to develop water quantity and water quality management strategies. Base flow availability varies over space and time in a region due to climate, topography, landscape, and geological characteristics. In this study, base flow index (BFI) (base flow/total stream flow) was estimated from daily streamflow records using a recursive digital filter method and interpolated to produce a raster grid map for the conterminous United States. When compared for validation, BFI estimated by recursive digital filter method showed good agreement overall with the USGS smoothed minima BFI method. Estimated base flow index and volume were analyzed, with Hydrological Landscape Regions (HLRs) developed for the United States to identify the mean hydrologic flow response within HLR. They were also used to determine relationships with hydro-geologic descriptive variables and used for defining the HLRs based on Pearson's correlation table and a stepwise multiple regression. These descriptive variables used in defining the HLRs include relief, effective rainfall, potential evapotranspiration and percentage of sand. The regression results indicated that relief and percentage of sand were highly correlated to base flow index, and the amount of base flow volume can be related to gradient and the amount of effective rainfall. The regression results also suggested that the descriptive variables used in constructing the HLR can be used to define mean values of shallow ground water flow within the regions. Further testing is needed to ascertain if such relationships could be used to define flow within an HLR. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Santhi, C.; Tuppad, P.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Backland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Allen, P. M.] Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Muttiah, R. S.] Texas Christian Univ, Dept Geol, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. [Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Santhi, C (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Syst, Backland Res & Extens Ctr, 720 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM csanthi@brc.tamus.edu; Peter_Allen@baylor.edu; R.Muttiah@tcu.edu; Jeff.Arnold@ARS.USDA.GOV; ptuppad@brc.tamus.edu NR 47 TC 61 Z9 67 U1 3 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD MAR 30 PY 2008 VL 351 IS 1-2 BP 139 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.12.018 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 275TS UT WOS:000254095100011 ER PT J AU Chen, G AF Chen, Guoying TI Portable tetracycline analyzer based on LED-excitation europium-sensitized luminescence SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE portable; analyzer; LED; tetracycline; europium-sensitized luminescence; time-resolved luminescence ID LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; RAINBOW-TROUT; FISH FARMS; OXYTETRACYCLINE; RESIDUES; CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPECTROSCOPY; SEDIMENTS AB Described in detail here is the design of a portable tetracycline (TC) analyzer based on europium-sensitized luminescence (ESL). The instrument operation and data processing are controlled by a laptop computer running a custom LabVIEW program. A 385-nm light emitting diode (LED) is used in pulse mode as excitation source. Compared to a conventional xenon flashlamp, an LED has a narrow emission bandwidth, weak residual radiation, and orders-of-magnitude-lower cost, weight, and power consumption. The time-resolved luminescence (TRL) signal is detected by a gated photomultiplier tube (PMT), and normalized by monitoring the energy of individual LED pulses with a photodiode (PD). Over three orders of magnitude (0.1-100 ppb TC), the TRL signal maintains linear dependence on TC concentration; beyond 100 ppb filter effects becomes obvious. A 0.060-ppb limit of detection (LOD) is achieved with a typical similar to 5% relative standard deviation (R.S.D.). The background noise corresponds to similar to 0.05 ppb. At 16 pounds, the analyzer is readily deployable for field analysis. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Chen, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM guoying.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Chen, Guoying/C-6800-2015 OI Chen, Guoying/0000-0001-9532-0696 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD MAR 28 PY 2008 VL 130 IS 2 BP 750 EP 757 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2007.10.046 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 290FC UT WOS:000255107700028 ER PT J AU Svetoch, EA Eruslanov, BV Perelygin, VV Mitsevich, EV Mitsevich, IP Borzenkov, VN Levchuk, VP Svetoch, OE Kovalev, YN Stepanshin, YG Siragusa, GR Seal, BS Stern, NJ AF Svetoch, Edward A. Eruslanov, Boris V. Perelygin, Vladimir V. Mitsevich, Evgeni V. Mitsevich, Irina P. Borzenkov, Valery N. Levchuk, Vladimir P. Svetoch, Olga E. Kovalev, Yuri N. Stepanshin, Yuri G. Siragusa, Gregory R. Seal, Bruce S. Stern, Norman J. TI Diverse antlmicrobial Killing by Enterococcus faecium E 50-52 bacteriocin SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial polypepticle; bacteriocins; poultry; MIC ID CLASS IIA BACTERIOCINS; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; ANTILISTERIAL BACTERIOCIN; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; IMMUNITY PROTEINS; TERMINAL DOMAIN; SPECTRUM; STRAINS AB An effective bacteriocin was identified and characterized. Lactic acid bacteria were screened against Campylobacterjejuni. One bacteriocin producer, Enterococcus faecium (NRRL B-30746), was studied. The isolate was grown, and the bacteriocin was purified to single-band homogeneity. Biochemical traits indicated that the pepticle was a Class Ila bacteriocin, and it was named E 50-52. The bacteriocin had a molecular weight of 3339.7 and an isoelectric point of 8.0. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of E 50-52 against C. jejuni, Yersinia spp., Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, Shigella dysenteriae, Morganella morganii, Staphylococcus spp., and Listeria spp. ranged from 0.025 to 32 mu g/mL. In therapeutic broiler trials, oral treatment with E 50-52 reduced both C. jejuni and Salmonella enteritidis by more than 100 000-fold in the ceca, and systemic S. enteritidis was reduced in the liver and spleen. The wide range of antibacterial activity of bacteriocin E 50-52 against pathogens provides a promising alternative to antibiotics. C1 [Siragusa, Gregory R.; Seal, Bruce S.; Stern, Norman J.] USDA ARS, PMSRU, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Svetoch, Edward A.; Eruslanov, Boris V.; Perelygin, Vladimir V.; Mitsevich, Evgeni V.; Mitsevich, Irina P.; Borzenkov, Valery N.; Levchuk, Vladimir P.; Svetoch, Olga E.; Kovalev, Yuri N.; Stepanshin, Yuri G.] SRCAMB, Obolensk, Russia. RP Stern, NJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, PMSRU, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stat Rd, Athens, GA 30613 USA. EM norman.stern@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 52 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 26 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 6 BP 1942 EP 1948 DI 10.1021/jf073284g PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 276XM UT WOS:000254177000020 PM 18293921 ER PT J AU Sobolev, VS AF Sobolev, Victor S. TI Localized production of phytoalexins by peanut (Arachis hypogaea) kernels in response to invasion by Aspergillus species SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE peanut; Arachis hypogaea; groundnut; phytoalexin; stilbene; resveratrol; arachidin; Aspergillus spp.; fungal spores; aflatoxin producer ID STILBENE PHYTOALEXINS; RESVERATROL; INTERRELATIONSHIP; ACCUMULATION; RESISTANCE; MECHANISMS; MATURITY; FLAVUS AB Peanuts respond to fungal infection by synthesizing phytoalexins, most of which are antibiotic stilbenes. The mechanism and dynamics of phytoalexin formation in the peanut have not been studied. One of the most popular peanut cultivars in the southeastern United States, Georgia Green, was investigated for its ability to produce phytoalexins in response to infection bysoil fungal strains. The experimental design allowed for study of phytoalexin production in peanut kernels layer-by-layer. The layers were dissected from different depths of the kernel starting from the infected area down to healthier tissues. Six peanut phytoalexins, trans-resveratrol, trans-arachidin-1, trans-arachidin-2, trans-arachidin-3, trans3-isopentadienyl-4,3',5'-trihydroxystilbene, and SB-1, were detected in the kernel slices and quantitated. All of the fungal strains triggered phytoalexin production; however, the composition of phytoalexins varied significantly by layer. After incubation for 24 h, tissues remote from the infected area produced almost exclusively trans-resveratrol, whereas closer to the infected area tissues synthesized all six phytoalexins. In all of the experiments, after 48 h of fungal growth, deeper layers produced all tested phytoalexins. There was a significant difference in phytoalexin production elicited by some fungal isolates. No association was observed between phytoalexin production and toxigenic potential of fungal strains that elicited the production in mature peanut kernels. C1 USDA, Agr Res Serv, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Sobolev, VS (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Natl Peanut Res Lab, POB 509, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. EM victor.sobolev@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 26 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 6 BP 1949 EP 1954 DI 10.1021/jf703595w PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 276XM UT WOS:000254177000021 PM 18298071 ER PT J AU Reddy, KN Rimando, AM Duke, SO Nandula, VK AF Reddy, Krishna N. Rimando, Agnes M. Duke, Stephen O. Nandula, Vijay K. TI Aminomethylphosphonic acid accumulation in plant species treated with glyphosate SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE aminomethylphosphonic acid; AMPA; glyphosate; glyphosate-resistant crop; shikimic acid; soybean ID METABOLITE AMPA; PREHARVEST APPLICATIONS; SHIKIMIC ACID; RESISTANT; RESIDUES; SEED; MISSISSIPPI; HERBICIDES AB Aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) is the most frequently detected metabolite of glyphosate in plants. The objective of this study was to determine if there is any correlation of metabolism of glyphosate to AMPA in different plant species and their natural level of resistance to glyphosate. Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the glyphosate I-50 values (rate required to cause a 50% reduction in plant growth) and to quantify AMPA and shikimate concentrations in selected leguminous and nonleguminous species treated with glyphosate at respective I-50 rates. Coffee senna [Cassia occidentalis (L.) Link] was the most sensitive (I-50 = 75 g/ha) and hemp sesbania [Sesbania herbacea (P.Mill.) McVaugh] was the most resistant (I-50 = 456 g/ha) to glyphosate. Hemp sesbania was 6-fold and Illinois bundleflower [Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacM. ex B.L.Robins. & Fern.] was 4-fold more resistant to glyphosate than coffee senna. Glyphosate was present in all plant species, and its concentration ranged from 0.308 to 38.7 mu g/g of tissue. AMPA was present in all leguminous species studied except hemp sesbania. AMPA concentration ranged from 0.119 to 4.77,mu g/g of tissue. Shikimate was present in all plant species treated with glyphosate, and levels ranged from 0.053 to 16.5 mg/g of tissue. Non-glyphosate-resistant (non-GR) soybean accumulated much higher shikimate than glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean. Although some leguminous species were found to be more resistant to glyphosate than others, and there was considerable variation between species in the glyphosate to AMPA levels found, metabolism of glyphosate to AM PA did not appear to be a common factor in explaining natural resistance levels. C1 [Reddy, Krishna N.] USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rimando, Agnes M.; Duke, Stephen O.] USDA ARS, Natl Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38776 USA. [Nandula, Vijay K.] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Reddy, KN (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Lab, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM krishna.reddy@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 26 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 6 BP 2125 EP 2130 DI 10.1021/jf072954f PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 276XM UT WOS:000254177000046 PM 18298069 ER PT J AU Mao, JD Ajakaiye, A Lan, YQ Olk, DC Ceballos, M Zhang, TQ Fan, MZ Forsberg, CW AF Mao, Jingdong Ajakaiye, Ayodele Lan, Yeqing Olk, Dan C. Ceballos, Michael Zhang, Tiequan Fan, Ming Z. Forsberg, Cecil W. TI Chemical structures of manure from conventional and phytase transgenic pigs investigated by advanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE nMR; transgenic; characterization; pig manure; spectral editing ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; TRUE PHOSPHORUS DIGESTIBILITY; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; ORGANIC-MATTER; C-13 NMR; SELECTION; SORPTION; MODEL; ACIDS; CONTAMINANT AB Nonpoint phosphorus (P) pollution from animal manure is becoming a serious global problem. The current solution for the swine industry includes the enzyme phytase as a component in oil meal and cereal grain-based swine diets. A long-term approach is the production of transgenic phytase pigs that express phytase in the salivary glands and secrete it in the saliva. This study provides a detailed comparison of chemical structures of manure from conventional pigs and transgenic pigs that express phytase under growing and finishing phases using new solid-state NMR techniques. Spectral editing techniques and quantitative NMR techniques were used to identify and quantify specific functional groups. Two-dimensional H-1-C-13 heteronuclear correlation NMR was used to detect their connectivity. Manure from conventional and transgenic pigs had similar Peptide, carbohydrate, and fatty acid components, while those from transgenic pigs contained more carbohydrates and fewer nonpolar alkyls. There was no consistent effect from diets with or without supplemental phosphate or growth stages. C1 [Mao, Jingdong] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Ajakaiye, Ayodele; Fan, Ming Z.; Forsberg, Cecil W.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Lan, Yeqing] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Sci, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China. [Olk, Dan C.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhang, Tiequan] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Proc Crops Res Ctr, Harrow N0R 1G, ON, Canada. RP Mao, JD (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 4541 Hampton Blvd, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM jmao@odu.edu; lanyq102@njau.edu.cn; dan.olk@ars.usda.gov; Michael_Ceballos@skc.edu; zhangt@AGR.GC.CA; cforsber@uoguelph.ca NR 36 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 26 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 6 BP 2131 EP 2138 DI 10.1021/jf071588x PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 276XM UT WOS:000254177000047 PM 17973446 ER PT J AU Xiang, P Baird, LM Jung, R Zeece, MG Markwell, J Sarath, G AF Xiang, Ping Baird, Lisa M. Jung, Rudolf Zeece, Michael G. Markwell, John Sarath, Gautam TI P39, a novel soybean protein allergen, belongs to a plant-specific protein family and is present in protein storage vacuoles SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE P39; soybean lecithin; allergen; plant-specific protein family; protein; oil bodies; protein storage vacuoles ID KUNITZ TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; SOY LECITHIN; HIDDEN ALLERGENS; ARA H-3; OIL; IDENTIFICATION AB Soybean lecithins are seeing increasing use in industry as an emulsifier and food additive. They are also a growing source of human food allergies, which arise principally from the proteins fractionating with the lecithin traction during manufacture. A previous study (Gu, X.; Beardslee, T.; Zeece, M.; Sarath, G.; Markwwell, J. Int Arch. Allergy Immunol. 2001, 126, 218-225) identified several allergenic proteins in soybean lecithins and a soybean IgE-binding protein termed P39 was discovered. However, very little was known about this protein except that it was coded by the soybean genome. This paper investigates key biological and immunological properties of this potential soybean lecithin allergen. P39 is encoded by a multigene family in soybeans and in several other higher plants. The soybean P39-1 protein and its essentially indistinguishable homologue, P39-2, have been cloned and studied. These proteins and their homologues belong to a family of plant-specific proteins of unknown function. In soybeans, P39-1 is seed specific, and its transcript levels are highest in developing seeds and decline during seed maturation. In contrast, P39 protein was detectable only in the fully mature, dry seed. Subcellular fractionation revealed that P39 protein was strongly associated with oil bodies; however, immunolocalization indicated P39 was distributed in the matrix of the protein storage vacuoles, suggesting that association with oil bodies was an artifact arising from the extraction procedure. By the use of recombinant techniques it has also been documented that IgE-binding epitopes are present on several different portions of the P39-1 polypeptide. C1 [Sarath, Gautam] USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Agr Res Serv, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Xiang, Ping] British Columbia Canc Agcy, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada. [Jung, Rudolf] Pioneer Hybrid Int, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. [Baird, Lisa M.] Univ San Diego, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. [Zeece, Michael G.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Markwell, John] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biochem, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Sarath, G (reprint author), USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Agr Res Serv, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Gautam.Sarath@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 26 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 6 BP 2266 EP 2272 DI 10.1021/jf073292x PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 276XM UT WOS:000254177000065 PM 18284203 ER PT J AU Lu, C Jeong, DH Kulkarni, K Pillay, M Nobuta, K German, R Thatcher, SR Maher, C Zhang, L Ware, D Liu, B Cao, X Meyers, BC Green, PJ AF Lu, Cheng Jeong, Dong-Hoon Kulkarni, Karthik Pillay, Manoj Nobuta, Kan German, Rana Thatcher, Shawn R. Maher, Christopher Zhang, Lifang Ware, Doreen Liu, Bin Cao, Xiaofeng Meyers, Blake C. Green, Pamela J. TI Genome-wide analysis for discovery of rice microRNAs reveals natural antisense microRNAs (nat-miRNAs) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE high-throughput sequencing; siRNA; small RNA; massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS) ID CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILITY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SMALL RNAS; REGULATORY ROLES; DNA METHYLATION; MESSENGER-RNAS; IDENTIFICATION; GENES; TRANSCRIPTS; EXPRESSION AB Small RNAs (21-24 nt) are involved in gene regulation through translation inhibition, mRNA cleavage, or directing chromatin modifications. In rice, currently approximate to 240 microRNAs (miRNAs) have been annotated. We sequenced more than four million small RNAs from rice and identified another 24 miRNA genes. Among these, we found a unique class of miRNA that derive from natural cis-antisense transcript pairs. This configuration generates miRNAs that can perfectly match their targets. We provide evidence that the miRNAs function by inducing mRNA cleavage in the middle of their complementary site. Their production requires Dicer-like 1 (DCL1) activity, which is essential for canonical miRNA biogenesis. All of the natural antisense miRNAs (nat-miRNAs) identified in this study have large introns in their precursors that appear critical for nat-miRNA evolution and for the formation of functional miRNA loci. These findings suggest that other natural cis-antisense loci with similar exon-intron arrangements could be another source of miRNA genes. C1 [Lu, Cheng; Jeong, Dong-Hoon; Kulkarni, Karthik; Pillay, Manoj; Nobuta, Kan; German, Rana; Thatcher, Shawn R.; Meyers, Blake C.; Green, Pamela J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Lu, Cheng; Jeong, Dong-Hoon; Kulkarni, Karthik; Pillay, Manoj; Nobuta, Kan; German, Rana; Thatcher, Shawn R.; Meyers, Blake C.; Green, Pamela J.] Univ Delaware, Delaware Biotechnol Inst, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Maher, Christopher; Zhang, Lifang; Ware, Doreen] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Maher, Christopher] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ware, Doreen] USDA, Agr Res Serv, N Atlantic Area Plant Soil, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ware, Doreen] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Nutr Lab Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Natl Key Lab Plant Genom, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. [Liu, Bin; Cao, Xiaofeng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Ctr Plant Gene Res, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RP Green, PJ (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19711 USA. EM gree@dbi.udel.edu RI Meyers, Blake/B-6535-2012; OI Meyers, Blake/0000-0003-3436-6097; Liu, Bin/0000-0002-5836-2333 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM-08550, T32 GM008550] NR 32 TC 142 Z9 176 U1 4 U2 23 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 25 PY 2008 VL 105 IS 12 BP 4951 EP 4956 DI 10.1073/pnas.0708743105 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 285JI UT WOS:000254772700074 PM 18353984 ER PT J AU Fellman, JB D'Amore, DV Hood, E AF Fellman, Jason B. D'Amore, David V. Hood, Eran TI An evaluation of freezing as a preservation technique for analyzing dissolved organic C, N and P in surface water samples SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE freezing; biogeochemistry; dissolved organic carbon; dissolved organic nitrogen; total dissolved phosphorus; SUVA ID STREAM WATER; NITROGEN CONCENTRATIONS; DECIDUOUS FOREST; HUMIC MATERIALS; UNITED-STATES; CARBON; PHOSPHORUS; NUTRIENTS; MATTER; ALASKA AB Techniques for preserving surface water samples are recently in demand because of the increased interest in quantifying dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface waters and the frequent collection of samples in remote locations. Freezing is a common technique employed by many researchers for preserving surface water samples; however, there has been little evaluation of the effects of freezing on DOM concentrations. Ten streams were sampled in southeast Alaska with a range of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations (1.5 to 39 mg C L-1) to evaluate the influence of freezing (flash and standard freeze) and filter pore size (0.2 and 0.7 mu m nominal pore size) on dissolved organic C, N and P concentrations. We report a significant decrease in DOC (p<0.005) and total dissolved P (p<0.005) concentrations when streamwater samples were frozen, whereas concentrations of dissolved organic N did not significantly decrease after freezing (p = 0.06). We further show that when surface water samples were frozen, there was a decrease in the specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) of DOC that is particularly evident with high concentrations of DOC. This finding suggests that spectroscopic properties of DOC have the potential to be used as indicators of whether surface water samples can be frozen. Our results lead us to recommend that surface water samples with high DOC concentrations (> 5 mg C L-1) and/or samples with high SUVA values (>3.5-4 L mg-C-1 m(-1)) should be analyzed immediately and not frozen. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fellman, Jason B.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [D'Amore, David V.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Hood, Eran] Univ Alaska Southeast, Environm Sci Program, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Fellman, JB (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM fsjbf6@uaf.edu NR 38 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 25 PY 2008 VL 392 IS 2-3 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.11.027 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 272BX UT WOS:000253833900014 PM 18164749 ER PT J AU Jadhao, SJ Achenbach, J Swayne, DE Donis, R Cox, N Matsuoka, Y AF Jadhao, Samadhan J. Achenbach, Jenna Swayne, David E. Donis, Ruben Cox, Nancy Matsuoka, Yumiko TI Development of Eurasian H7N7/PR8 high growth reassortant virus for clinical evaluation as an inactivated pandemic influenza vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE influenza; pandemic; H7N7/PR8 vaccine ID AVIAN INFLUENZA; A VIRUS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; COMMERCIAL POULTRY; HUMAN ILLNESS; H5N1 VIRUSES; MOUSE MODEL; IMMUNOGENICITY; HEMAGGLUTININ; OUTBREAK AB Avian-to-human transmission of the high pathogenicity (HP) H7N7 subtype avian influenza viruses in the Netherlands during 2003 caused zoonotic infections in 89 people, including a case of acute fatal respiratory distress syndrome. Public health emergency preparedness against H7N7 avian influenza viruses with pandemic potential. includes the development of vaccine candidate viruses. In order to develop a high growth reassortant vaccine candidate virus, tow pathogenicity (LP) A/mallard/Netherlands/12/2000 (H7N3) and A/mattard/Netherlands/2/2000 (H10N7) strains were selected as donors of the H7 haemagglutinin and N7 neuraminidase genes, respectively. The donor viruses exhibited high amino acid sequence homology with the surface glycoproteins of A/Netherlands/219/03 H7N7 virus (NL219), an isolate recovered from the fatal human case. Adhering to the seasonal influenza vaccine licensure regulations, we generated a H7N7/PR8 reassortant containing desired surface glycoprotein genes from the mallard viruses and internal genes of A/Puerto Rico/8/34 human vaccine strain (H1N1). Antigenic analysis revealed that the vaccine candidate virus confers broad antigenic cross-reactivity against contemporary Eurasian and the North American H7 subtype human isotates. Mice immunized with formalin inactivated (FI) H7N7/PR8 whole virus vaccine with or without aluminum hydroxide adjuvant conferred clinical protection from mortality and reduced pulmonary replication of the NL219 challenge virus. The A H7N7/PR8 whole virus vaccine also afforded cross-protection in mice at the pulmonary level against antigenically distinct North American LP A/Canada/444/04 (H7N3) human isolate. The vaccine candidate virus satisfied the agricultural safety requirements for chickens, proved safe in mice, and has entered in phase-I human clinical trial in the United States. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jadhao, Samadhan J.; Achenbach, Jenna; Donis, Ruben; Cox, Nancy; Matsuoka, Yumiko] Ctr Dis Control, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Swayne, David E.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Matsuoka, Y (reprint author), NIAID, NIH, Infect Dis Lab, 33 North Dr,MSC 3203, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM Samadhan.Jadhao@ars.usda.gov; MatsuokaY@niaid.nih.gov NR 37 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 25 PY 2008 VL 26 IS 14 BP 1742 EP 1750 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.036 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 283RV UT WOS:000254655100005 PM 18336962 ER PT J AU Sundar, N Asmundsson, IM Thomas, NJ Samuel, MD Dubey, JP Rosenthal, BM AF Sundar, N. Asmundsson, I. M. Thomas, N. J. Samuel, M. D. Dubey, J. P. Rosenthal, B. M. TI Modest genetic differentiation among North American populations of Sarcocystis neurona may reflect expansion in its geographic range SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sarcocystis neurona; sea otter (Enhydra lutris); raccoon (Procyon lotor); skunk (Mephitis mephitis); microsatellite; PCR ID EQUINE PROTOZOAL MYELOENCEPHALITIS; RACCOONS PROCYON-LOTOR; OPOSSUMS DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA; SKUNKS MEPHITIS-MEPHITIS; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS-NEREIS; AGGLUTINATING ANTIBODIES; INTERMEDIATE HOST; SEA OTTER; EXPERIMENTAL INDUCTION; NEUROLOGIC-DISEASE AB Sarcocystis neurona is an important cause of neurological disease in horses (equine protozoal myeloencephalitis, EPM) and sea otters in the United States. In addition, EPM-like disease has been diagnosed in several other land and marine mammals. Opossums are its only definitive hosts. Little genetic diversity among isolates of S. neurona from different hosts has been reported. Here, we used 11 microsatellites to characterize S. neurona DNA isolated from natural infections in 22 sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from California and Washington and in 11 raccoons (Procyon lotor) and 1 striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) from Wisconsin. By jointly analyzing these 34 isolates with 26 isolates previously reported, we determined that geographic barriers may limit S. neurona dispersal and that only a limited subset of possible parasite genotypes may have been introduced to recently established opossum populations. Moreover, our study confirms that diverse intermediate hosts share a common infection source, the opossum (Didelphis virginiana). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sundar, N.; Asmundsson, I. M.; Dubey, J. P.; Rosenthal, B. M.] USDA ARS, Anim Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Thomas, N. J.] Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Dept Interior, US Geol Survey, Madison, WI USA. [Samuel, M. D.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 25 PY 2008 VL 152 IS 1-2 BP 8 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.12.017 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 268TE UT WOS:000253601500002 PM 18243561 ER PT J AU Davey, RB Miller, RJ George, JE AF Davey, Ronald B. Miller, Robert J. George, John E. TI Efficacy of amitraz applied as a dip against an amitraz-resistant strain of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari : Ixodidae) infested on cattle SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhipicephalis (Boophilus) microplus; amitraz; acaricide resistance; formamidine ID TICK AB Selection pressure with the acaricide, amitraz was applied to a strain of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini) in 13 out of 18 generations, resulting in a 28.7-fold increase in resistance, indicating a shift in the phenotypic composition of the ticks, from a heterogenous mixture of both susceptible and resistant ticks when selection began to a homogenous composition of predominantly resistant ticks when selection ended. Resistant larvae of the last selected generation were infested on cattle three separate times at 20, 13, and 6 d (7 d intervals) before being dipped in a total immersion vat charged at 0.02, 0.044, and 0.096% active ingredient (AI) amitraz. There was a dose related, though not always significant, response to amitraz whereby each increase in concentration produced increased adverse effects. The number of ticks and index of fecundity (IF) of females recovered from cattle treated at 0.02 and 0.044% AI were not different from that of untreated ticks. However, female weight and egg mass weight of females recovered from cattle treated at 0.044% were lower than untreated females or females treated at 0.02% AI. All measured parameters obtained from ticks recovered from cattle treated at 0.096% AI were significantly lower than the untreated control group, but tick numbers and IF were not different from the other treated groups. At 0.02% AI the level of control was significantly lower (34.6%) than treatment at 0.096% AI (81.2%), while the level of control at 0.044% AI (57.6%) was intermediate between the other treated groups. Therefore, none of the amitraz treatments provided the required 99% control necessary for use in the U.S. Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program, and the estimated line derived from regression analysis showed that a concentration of ca. 0.2% At amitraz would be needed to achieve 99% control of the resistant ticks. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Davey, Ronald B.; Miller, Robert J.] USDA, ARS, SPA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [George, John E.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Lab, Kerrville, TX 78029 USA. RP Davey, RB (reprint author), USDA, ARS, SPA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Bldg 6419,22675 N, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM ronald.davey@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 25 PY 2008 VL 152 IS 1-2 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.12.012 PG 9 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 268TE UT WOS:000253601500017 PM 18242864 ER PT J AU Reeves, WK Dillon, RT Dasch, GA AF Reeves, Will K. Dillon, Robert T., Jr. Dasch, Gregory A. TI Freshwater snails (Mollusca : Gastropoda) from the Commonwealth of Dominica with a discussion of their roles in the transmission of parasites SO AMERICAN MALACOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Cephalopods - A Behavioral Perspective CY JUL 29-AUG 03, 2006 CL Seattle, WA DE Biomphalaria; Gundlachia; Helisoma; Physa; West Indies ID SCHISTOSOMA-MANSONI; HELISOMA-TRIVOLVIS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ISLAND; INFECTION; CERCARIAE; FEVER; DNA AB We collected six species of freshwater snails from Dominica, including Biomphalaria kuhniana (Clessin, 1883), Gundlachia radiata (Guilding, 1828), Helisoma (=Planorbella) trivolvis (Say, 1817), Melanoides tuberculata (Muller, 1774), Neritina punctulata Lamarck, 1816, and Physa marmorata Guilding, 1828. Our collections indicate that un-reported species such as G. radiata and H. trivolvis are established on Dominica, West Indies. We tested a limited number of M. tuberculata for rickettsial pathogens, Neorickettsia spp., but did not identify this agent. Three species of snails previously reported from Dominica, Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818), Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848), and Thiara granifera (Lamarck, 1822), were not collected. Our data suggest that B. glabrata has not re-emerged as a prominent component of the freshwater snail fauna since it disappeared or was locally eradicated. In addition, previous reports of B. straminea were probably misidentifications of B. kuhniana, and some abnormally large specimens of M. tuberculata from Freshwater Lake could be misidentified as T. granifera. Our sampling was not adequate to demonstrate that T. granifera was absent from Dominica. We determined that B. kuhniana was not eradicated by previous molluscan control regimes. Additional studies on the relationships of freshwater snails in Dominica to helminths of animals and humans are needed to understand the public and veterinary health significance of these snails. C1 [Reeves, Will K.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Dept 3354, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Dillon, Robert T., Jr.] Coll Charleston, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Dasch, Gregory A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Reeves, WK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Dept 3354, Agr Bldg,Room 5031, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM wreeves@alumni.clemson.edu; dillonr@cofc.edu NR 28 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MALACOLOGICAL SOC, INC PI WILMINGTON PA DELAWARE MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY, BOX 3937, WILMINGTON, DE 19807-0937 USA SN 0740-2783 EI 2162-2698 J9 AM MALACOL BULL JI Am. Malacol. Bull. PD MAR 21 PY 2008 VL 24 IS 1-2 BP 59 EP 63 PG 5 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA 286TZ UT WOS:000254870200008 ER PT J AU Bidartondo, MI Bruns, TD Blackwell, M Edwards, I Taylor, AFS Horton, T Zhang, N Koljalg, U May, G Kuyper, TW Bever, JD Gilbert, G Taylor, JW DeSantis, TZ Pringle, A Borneman, J Thorn, G Berbee, M Mueller, GM Andersen, GL Vellinga, EC Branco, S Anderson, I Dickie, IA Avis, P Timonen, S Kjoller, R Lodge, DJ Bateman, RM Purvis, A Crous, PW Hawkes, C Barraclough, T Burt, A Nilsson, RH Larsson, KH Alexander, I Moncalvo, JM Berube, J Spatafora, J Lumbsch, HT Blair, JE Suh, SO Pfister, DH Binder, M Boehm, EW Kohn, L Mata, JL Dyer, P Sung, GH Dentinger, B Simmons, EG Baird, RE Volk, TJ Perry, BA Kerrigan, RW Campbell, J Rajesh, J Reynolds, DR Geiser, D Humber, RA Hausmann, N Szaro, T Stajich, J Gathman, A Peay, KG Henkel, T Robinson, CH Pukkila, PJ Nguyen, NH Villalta, C Kennedy, P Bergemann, S Aime, MC Kauff, F Porras-Alfaro, A Gueidan, C Beck, A Andersen, B Marek, S Crouch, JA Kerrigan, J Ristaino, JB Hodge, KT Kuldau, G Samuels, GJ Raja, HA Voglmayr, H Gardes, M Janos, DP Rogers, JD Cannon, P Woolfolk, SW Kistler, HC Castellano, MA Maldonado-Ramirez, SL Kirk, PM Farrar, JJ Osmundson, T Currah, RS Vujanovic, V Chen, WD Korf, RP Atallah, ZK Harrison, KJ Guarro, J Bates, ST Bonello, P Bridge, P Schell, W Rossi, W Stenlid, J Frisvad, JC Miller, RM Baker, SE Hallen, HE Janso, JE Wilson, AW Conway, KE Egerton-Warburton, L Wang, Z Eastburn, D Ho, WWH Kroken, S Stadler, M Turgeon, G Lichtwardt, RW Stewart, EL Wedin, M Li, DW Uchida, JY Jumpponen, A Deckert, RJ Beker, HJ Rogers, SO Xu, JAP Johnston, P Shoemaker, RA Liu, MA Marques, G Summerell, B Sokolski, S Thrane, U Widden, P Bruhn, JN Bianchinotti, V Tuthill, D Baroni, TJ Barron, G Hosaka, K Jewell, K Piepenbring, M Sullivan, R Griffith, GW Bradley, SG Aoki, T Yoder, WT Ju, YM Berch, SM Trappe, M Duan, WJ Bonito, G Taber, RA Coelho, G Bills, G Ganley, A Agerer, R Nagy, L Roy, BA Laessoe, T Hallenberg, N Tichy, HV Stalpers, J Langer, E Scholler, M Krueger, D Pacioni, G Poder, R Pennanen, T Capelari, M Nakasone, K Tewari, JP Miller, AN Decock, C Huhndorf, S Wach, M Vishniac, HS Yohalem, DS Smith, ME Glenn, AE Spiering, M Lindner, DL Schoch, C Redhead, SA Ivors, K Jeffers, SN Geml, J Okafor, F Spiegel, FW Dewsbury, D Carroll, J Porter, TM Pashley, C Carpenter, SE Abad, G Voigt, K Arenz, B Methven, AS Schechter, S Vance, P Mahoney, D Kang, SC Rheeder, JP Mehl, J Greif, M Ngala, GN Ammirati, J Kawasaki, M Gwo-Fang, YA Matsumoto, T Smith, D Koenig, G Luoma, D May, T Leonardi, M Sigler, L Taylor, DL Gibson, C Sharpton, T Hawksworth, DL Dianese, JC Trudell, SA Paulus, B Padamsee, M Callac, P Lima, N White, M Barreau, C Juncai, MA Buyck, B Rabeler, RK Liles, MR Estes, D Carter, R Herr, JM Chandler, G Kerekes, J Cruse-Sanders, J Marquez, RG Horak, E Fitzsimons, M Doring, H Yao, S Hynson, N Ryberg, M Arnold, AE Hughes, K AF Bidartondo, M. I. Bruns, Thomas D. Blackwell, Meredith Edwards, Ivan Taylor, Andy F. S. Horton, Thomas Zhang, Ning Koljalg, Urmas May, Georgiana Kuyper, Thomas W. Bever, James D. Gilbert, Gregory Taylor, John W. DeSantis, Todd Z. Pringle, Anne Borneman, James Thorn, Greg Berbee, Mary Mueller, Gregory M. Andersen, Gary L. Vellinga, Else C. Branco, Sara Anderson, Ian Dickie, Ian A. Avis, Peter Timonen, Sari Kjoller, Rasmus Lodge, D. J. Bateman, Richard M. Purvis, Andy Crous, Pedro W. Hawkes, Christine Barraclough, Tim Burt, Austin Nilsson, R. H. Larsson, Karl-Henrik Alexander, Ian Moncalvo, Jean-Marc Berube, Jean Spatafora, Joseph Lumbsch, H. Thorsten Blair, Jaime E. Suh, Sung-Oui Pfister, Donald H. Binder, Manfred Boehm, Eric W. Kohn, Linda Mata, Juan L. Dyer, Paul Sung, Gi-Ho Dentinger, Bryn Simmons, Emory G. Baird, Richard E. Volk, Thomas J. Perry, Brian A. Kerrigan, Richard W. Campbell, Jinx Rajesh, Jeewon Reynolds, Don R. Geiser, David Humber, Richard A. Hausmann, Natasha Szaro, Tim Stajich, Jason Gathman, Allen Peay, Kabir G. Henkel, Terry Robinson, Clare H. Pukkila, Patricia J. Nguyen, Nhu H. Villalta, Christopher Kennedy, Peter Bergemann, Sarah Aime, M. Catherine Kauff, Frank Porras-Alfaro, Andrea Gueidan, Cecile Beck, Andreas Andersen, Birgitte Marek, Stephen Crouch, Jo A. Kerrigan, Julia Ristaino, Jean Beagle Hodge, Kathie T. Kuldau, Gretchen Samuels, Gary J. Raja, Huzefa A. Voglmayr, Hermann Gardes, Monique Janos, David P. Rogers, Jack D. Cannon, Paul Woolfolk, Sandra W. Kistler, H. C. Castellano, Michael A. Maldonado-Ramirez, Sandra L. Kirk, Paul M. Farrar, James J. Osmundson, Todd Currah, Randolph S. Vujanovic, Vladimir Chen, Weidong Korf, Richard P. Atallah, Zahi K. Harrison, Ken J. Guarro, Josep Bates, Scott T. Bonello, Pierluigi (Enrico) Bridge, Paul Schell, Wiley Rossi, Walter Stenlid, Jan Frisvad, Jens C. Miller, R. M. Baker, Scott E. Hallen, Heather E. Janso, Jeffrey E. Wilson, Andrew W. Conway, Kenneth E. Egerton-Warburton, Louise Wang, Zheng Eastburn, Darin Ho, Wellcome W. Hong Kroken, Scott Stadler, Marc Turgeon, Gillian Lichtwardt, Robert W. Stewart, Elwin L. Wedin, Mats Li, De-Wei Uchida, Janice Y. Jumpponen, Ari Deckert, Ron J. Beker, Henry J. Rogers, Scott O. Xu, Jianping Johnston, Peter Shoemaker, R. A. Liu, Miao Marques, G. Summerell, Brett Sokolski, Serge Thrane, Ulf Widden, Paul Bruhn, Johann N. Bianchinotti, Virginia Tuthill, Dorothy Baroni, Timothy J. Barron, George Hosaka, Kentaro Jewell, Kelsea Piepenbring, Meike Sullivan, Raymond Griffith, Gareth W. Bradley, S. G. Aoki, Takayuki Yoder, Wendy T. Ju, Yu-Ming Berch, Shannon M. Trappe, Matt Duan, Weijun Bonito, Gregory Taber, Ruth A. Coelho, Gilberto Bills, Gerald Ganley, Austen Agerer, Reinhard Nagy, Laszlo Roy, Barbara A. Laessoe, Thomas Hallenberg, Nils Tichy, Hans-Volker Stalpers, Joost Langer, Ewald Scholler, Markus Krueger, Dirk Pacioni, Giovanni Poeder, Reinhold Pennanen, Taina Capelari, Marina Nakasone, Karen Tewari, J. P. Miller, Andrew N. Decock, Cony Huhndorf, Sabine Wach, Mark Vishniac, Helen S. Yohalem, David S. Smith, Matthew E. Glenn, Anthony E. Spiering, Martin Lindner, Daniel L. Schoch, Conrad Redhead, Scott A. Ivors, Kelly Jeffers, Steven N. Geml, Jozsef Okafor, Florence Spiegel, Frederick W. Dewsbury, Damon Carroll, Juliet Porter, Terri M. Pashley, Catherine Carpenter, Steven E. Abad, Gloria Voigt, Kerstin Arenz, Brett Methven, Andrew S. Schechter, Shannon Vance, Paula Mahoney, Dan Kang, Seogchan Rheeder, John P. Mehl, James Greif, Matthew Ngala, George Ndzi Ammirati, Joe Kawasaki, Masako Gwo-Fang, Yuan Matsumoto, Tadahiko Smith, David Koenig, Gina Luoma, Daniel May, Tom Leonardi, Marco Sigler, Lynne Taylor, D. L. Gibson, Cara Sharpton, Thomas Hawksworth, David L. Dianese, Jose Carmine Trudell, Steven A. Paulus, Barbara Padamsee, Mahajabeen Callac, Philippe Lima, Nelson White, Merlin Barreau, C. Juncai, M. A. Buyck, Bart Rabeler, Richard K. Liles, Mark R. Estes, Dwayne Carter, Richard Herr, J. M., Jr. Chandler, Gregory Kerekes, Jennifer Cruse-Sanders, Jennifer Galan Marquez, R. Horak, Egon Fitzsimons, Michael Doering, Heidi Yao, Su Hynson, Nicole Ryberg, Martin Arnold, A. E. Hughes, Karen TI Preserving accuracy in GenBank SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID ANNOTATION; SEQUENCES; ERRORS C1 [Bidartondo, M. I.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Richmond TW9 3DS, England. Royal Bot Gardens, Richmond TW9 3DS, Surrey, England. [Bruns, Thomas D.; Taylor, John W.; Vellinga, Else C.; Hausmann, Natasha; Szaro, Tim; Stajich, Jason; Peay, Kabir G.; Nguyen, Nhu H.; Villalta, Christopher; Schechter, Shannon; Sharpton, Thomas; Kerekes, Jennifer; Hynson, Nicole] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Blackwell, Meredith] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Edwards, Ivan; Rabeler, Richard K.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Taylor, Andy F. S.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Horton, Thomas] SUNY ESF, Ithaca, NY 13210 USA. [Zhang, Ning; Hodge, Kathie T.; Korf, Richard P.; Turgeon, Gillian; Carroll, Juliet] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Koljalg, Urmas] Univ Tartu, EE-51005 Tartu, Estonia. [May, Georgiana; Kistler, H. C.; Arenz, Brett; Padamsee, Mahajabeen] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kuyper, Thomas W.] Wageningen Univ, NL-6708 Wageningen, Netherlands. [Bever, James D.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Gilbert, Gregory] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [DeSantis, Todd Z.; Andersen, Gary L.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pringle, Anne; Pfister, Donald H.; Smith, Matthew E.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Borneman, James] Univ Calif, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Thorn, Greg] Univ Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B8, Canada. [Berbee, Mary] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Mueller, Gregory M.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Hosaka, Kentaro; Huhndorf, Sabine; Greif, Matthew] Field Museum Nat Hist, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Branco, Sara; Fitzsimons, Michael] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Anderson, Ian] Univ Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia. [Dickie, Ian A.] Landcare Res, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand. [Avis, Peter] Indiana U NW & Field Museum, Gary, IN 46408 USA. [Timonen, Sari] Univ Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Kjoller, Rasmus] Univ Copenhagen, Biol Inst, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Lodge, D. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Luquillo, PR USA. [Bateman, Richard M.; Doering, Heidi] Royal Botan Gardens, Richmond TW9 3DS, Surrey, England. [Purvis, Andy; Barraclough, Tim; Burt, Austin] Imperial Coll London, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Crous, Pedro W.] CBS Fungal Biodivers Ctr, NL-3584 Utrecht, Netherlands. [Hawkes, Christine] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Nilsson, R. H.; Larsson, Karl-Henrik; Hallenberg, Nils; Ryberg, Martin] Gothenburg Univ, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Alexander, Ian] Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. [Moncalvo, Jean-Marc; Dentinger, Bryn] Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. [Moncalvo, Jean-Marc; Dentinger, Bryn] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. [Berube, Jean] Canadian Forest Serv, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4C7, Canada. [Spatafora, Joseph; Sung, Gi-Ho; Trappe, Matt; Schoch, Conrad; Luoma, Daniel] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Blair, Jaime E.] Amherst Coll, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Suh, Sung-Oui] American Type Culture Collect, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. [Binder, Manfred; Wilson, Andrew W.] Clark Univ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Boehm, Eric W.] Kean Univ, Union, NJ 07083 USA. [Kohn, Linda; Dewsbury, Damon; Porter, Terri M.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. [Mata, Juan L.] Univ S Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. [Dyer, Paul] Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Simmons, Emory G.] Wabash Coll, Crawfordsville, IN 47933 USA. [Baird, Richard E.; Woolfolk, Sandra W.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Volk, Thomas J.] Univ Wisconsin, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. [Perry, Brian A.] San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Kerrigan, Richard W.] Sylvan Res, Kittanning, PA 16201 USA. [Campbell, Jinx] Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Rajesh, Jeewon] Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Reynolds, Don R.] Univ Calif Herbarium, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Geiser, David; Kuldau, Gretchen; Stewart, Elwin L.; Kang, Seogchan] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Humber, Richard A.] USDA ARS Biol IPM Res, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Gathman, Allen] SE Missouri St U, Cape Girardeau, MO 63701 USA. [Henkel, Terry] Humboldt State Univ, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Robinson, Clare H.] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Pukkila, Patricia J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Kennedy, Peter] Lewis & Clark Coll, Portland, OR 97219 USA. [Bergemann, Sarah] Middle Tennessee State Univ, Murfreesboro, TN 37129 USA. [Aime, M. Catherine] Louisiana State U Agr Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Kauff, Frank] Univ Kaiserslautern, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany. [Porras-Alfaro, Andrea] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Gueidan, Cecile; Schell, Wiley; Bonito, Gregory] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Beck, Andreas] Bot Staatssammlung Muenchen, D-80638 Munich, Germany. [Andersen, Birgitte; Thrane, Ulf] Tech Univ Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Marek, Stephen; Conway, Kenneth E.; Vishniac, Helen S.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Crouch, Jo A.; Sullivan, Raymond] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Kerrigan, Julia; Jeffers, Steven N.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Ristaino, Jean Beagle] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Samuels, Gary J.] USDA Systemat Mycol & Microbiol, Beltsville, MD 10300 USA. [Raja, Huzefa A.; Eastburn, Darin] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61820 USA. [Voglmayr, Hermann] Univ Vienna, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Gardes, Monique] Univ Toulouse 3, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Janos, David P.] Miami Univ, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Rogers, Jack D.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cannon, Paul; Kirk, Paul M.] CABI, Egham TW20 9TY, Surrey, England. [Castellano, Michael A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Maldonado-Ramirez, Sandra L.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Farrar, James J.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Osmundson, Todd] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10458 USA. [Osmundson, Todd] New York Bot Garden, New York, NY 10458 USA. [Currah, Randolph S.; Tewari, J. P.; Sigler, Lynne] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada. [Vujanovic, Vladimir] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada. [Chen, Weidong] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Atallah, Zahi K.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Harrison, Ken J.] Canadian Forest Serv, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada. [Guarro, Josep] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain. [Bates, Scott T.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Bonello, Pierluigi (Enrico)] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bridge, Paul] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England. [Rossi, Walter; Pacioni, Giovanni; Leonardi, Marco] Univ Aquila, I-67040 Laquila, Italy. [Stenlid, Jan] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Frisvad, Jens C.] Tech Univ Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Miller, R. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Baker, Scott E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hallen, Heather E.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Janso, Jeffrey E.] Wyeth Res, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. [Egerton-Warburton, Louise] Chicago Bot Garden, Chicago, IL 60022 USA. [Wang, Zheng] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Ho, Wellcome W. Hong] MAF Biosecur New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. [Kroken, Scott; Gibson, Cara; Arnold, A. E.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Stadler, Marc] Univ Bayreuth, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. [Stadler, Marc] InterMed Discovery GmbH, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. [Lichtwardt, Robert W.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Wedin, Mats] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, De-Wei] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Uchida, Janice Y.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Jumpponen, Ari] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Deckert, Ron J.] Weber State Univ, Ogden, UT 84408 USA. [Beker, Henry J.] Royal Holloway Univ London, London TW20 0EX, England. [Rogers, Scott O.] Bowling Green State Univ, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. [Xu, Jianping] McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. [Johnston, Peter; Paulus, Barbara] Landcare Res, Auckland 1072, New Zealand. [Shoemaker, R. A.] Agr Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Liu, Miao] Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Marques, G.] Univ Tras Os Montes & Alto Douro, P-5001801 Vila Real, Portugal. [Summerell, Brett] Natl Herbarium New S Wales, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. [Sokolski, Serge] Univ Laval, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. [Widden, Paul] Concordia Univ, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada. [Bruhn, Johann N.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Bianchinotti, Virginia] Univ Nacl Sur, RA-8000 Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Tuthill, Dorothy] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Baroni, Timothy J.] SUNY Coll Cortland, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. [Barron, George] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Jewell, Kelsea] Seattle Childrens Hosp Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Piepenbring, Meike] J W Goethe Univ, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Griffith, Gareth W.] Aberystwyth Univ, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, Dyfed, Wales. [Bradley, S. G.] Penn State Coll Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Aoki, Takayuki] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Yoder, Wendy T.] Novozymes Inc, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Ju, Yu-Ming] Acad Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Berch, Shannon M.] Minist Forests & Range, Victoria, BC V8W 9C4, Canada. [Duan, Weijun; Juncai, M. A.] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China. [Taber, Ruth A.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Coelho, Gilberto] Univ Fed Santa Maria, BR-97105 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. [Bills, Gerald] Merck Sharp & Dohme Espana SA, Madrid 28027, Spain. [Ganley, Austen] Massey Univ, Albany, New Zealand. [Agerer, Reinhard] Univ Munich, D-80638 Munich, Germany. [Nagy, Laszlo] Univ Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary. [Roy, Barbara A.] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Laessoe, Thomas] Univ Copenhagen, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Tichy, Hans-Volker] LUFA ITL GmbH, D-24107 Kiel, Germany. [Stalpers, Joost] CBS Fungal Biodivers Ctr, NL-3584 Utrecht, Netherlands. [Langer, Ewald] Univ Kassel, D-34109 Kassel, Germany. [Scholler, Markus] Naturkundemuseum, D-76133 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Krueger, Dirk] Umweltforschungszentrum, D-4318 Halle, Germany. [Poeder, Reinhold] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Pennanen, Taina] Finnish Forest Res Inst, Helsinki 170, Finland. [Capelari, Marina] Inst Bot, BR-4301 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Nakasone, Karen] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Miller, Andrew N.] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Decock, Cony] MUCL, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Wach, Mark] Sylvan Res, Kittanning, PA 16201 USA. [Yohalem, David S.] E Malling Res, E Malling ME19 6BJ, England. [Glenn, Anthony E.] USDA Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Spiering, Martin] Univ Dublin, Trinity Coll, Dublin, Ireland. [Lindner, Daniel L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Madison, NJ 53726 USA. [Redhead, Scott A.] Natl Mycol Herbarium, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Ivors, Kelly] N Carolina State Univ, Fletcher, NC 28732 USA. [Geml, Jozsef; Taylor, D. L.] Univ Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [Okafor, Florence] Alabama A&M Univ, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Spiegel, Frederick W.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Pashley, Catherine] Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics LE1 7RH, England. [Carpenter, Steven E.] Abbey Lane Lab, Philomath, OR 97370 USA. [Abad, Gloria] USDA APHIS PPQ PHP PSPI NIS, Beltsville, MD 10300 USA. [Voigt, Kerstin] Univ Jena, Fungal Ref Ctr, D-7745 Jena, Germany. [Methven, Andrew S.] Eastern Illinois Univ, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. [Vance, Paula] Microbiol Specialists Inc, Houston, TX 77054 USA. [Mahoney, Dan] Private Mycol Res, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. [Rheeder, John P.] MRC, ZA-7505 Tygerberg, South Africa. [Mehl, James] Univ Pretoria, FABI, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Ngala, George Ndzi] Bamenda Univ, Bamenda, Cameroon. [Ammirati, Joe; Trudell, Steven A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kawasaki, Masako] Kanazawa Med Univ, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9200293, Japan. [Gwo-Fang, Yuan] FIRDI, Bioresource Collect & Res Ctr, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. [Matsumoto, Tadahiko] Juntendo Univ, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Matsumoto, Tadahiko] Kurume Univ, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Smith, David] World Federat Culture Collect, Egham TW20 9TY, Surrey, England. [Koenig, Gina] Roche Mol Syst, Alameda, CA 94501 USA. [May, Tom] Royal Bot Gardens, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. [Hawksworth, David L.] Nat Hist Museum, Madrid 28006, Spain. [Dianese, Jose Carmine] Univ Brasilia, BR-70910 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Callac, Philippe] INRA, F-33140 Bordeaux, France. [Lima, Nelson] Micoteca Univ Minho, P-4710 Braga, Portugal. [White, Merlin] Boise State Univ, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Barreau, C.] INRA, CNRS, F-33140 Bordeaux, France. [Buyck, Bart] Natl Museum Nat Hist, F-75005 Paris, France. [Liles, Mark R.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Estes, Dwayne] Austin Peay State Univ, Clarksville, TN 37044 USA. [Carter, Richard] Valdosta State Univ, Valdosta, GA 31698 USA. [Herr, J. M., Jr.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Chandler, Gregory] Univ N Carolina, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. [Cruse-Sanders, Jennifer] Salem Coll Herbarium, Winston Salem, NC 27101 USA. [Galan Marquez, R.] Alcala Univ, Madrid 28801, Spain. [Horak, Egon] Zurich Herbarium, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland. [Yao, Su] China Ctr Ind Culture Collect, Beijing 100027, Peoples R China. [Hughes, Karen] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Bidartondo, MI (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Richmond TW9 3DS, England. RI Pashley, Catherine/M-9002-2015; Porras-Alfaro, Andrea/B-6258-2013; Thrane, Ulf/G-2978-2016; Langer, Ewald/D-8479-2012; Marques, Guilhermina/A-5634-2013; Zhang, Ning/K-3046-2012; Nilsson, Henrik/A-6062-2009; Wang, Zheng/A-2318-2011; Stajich, Jason/C-7297-2008; Purvis, Andy/A-7529-2008; Porter, Teresita/H-4072-2011; Bonello, Pierluigi/E-2776-2011; Andersen, Birgitte/F-3922-2012; Crouch, Jo Anne/F-4322-2012; Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012; Thorn, R Greg/I-3398-2012; Lima, Nelson/D-3651-2009; Lumbsch, Thorsten/K-3573-2012; Voglmayr, Hermann/B-1484-2013; Dickie, Ian/C-5419-2013; Janos, David/B-2264-2008; Binder, Manfred/C-8571-2013; Ganley, Austen/L-8120-2013; Marek, Stephen/M-9865-2013; griffith, gareth/A-1970-2009; Kruger, Dirk/C-3316-2012; Gueidan, Cecile/C-8803-2014; Kjoller, Rasmus/L-7061-2014; Stadler, Marc/P-8882-2014; Capelari, Marina /D-4886-2015; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015 OI Pashley, Catherine/0000-0003-4023-3610; Porras-Alfaro, Andrea/0000-0002-9053-7973; Thrane, Ulf/0000-0002-6040-4141; Marques, Guilhermina/0000-0003-0963-5785; Taylor, Donald/0000-0002-5985-9210; Zhang, Ning/0000-0003-0755-2505; Wang, Zheng/0000-0002-8849-8549; Stajich, Jason/0000-0002-7591-0020; Purvis, Andy/0000-0002-8609-6204; Andersen, Birgitte/0000-0002-4544-9886; Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825; Lima, Nelson/0000-0003-2185-0613; Lumbsch, Thorsten/0000-0003-1512-835X; Voglmayr, Hermann/0000-0001-7666-993X; Dickie, Ian/0000-0002-2740-2128; Janos, David/0000-0002-3877-0110; Ganley, Austen/0000-0002-1917-7522; Marek, Stephen/0000-0002-0146-8049; Kruger, Dirk/0000-0002-7305-5104; Kjoller, Rasmus/0000-0002-2027-4119; Stadler, Marc/0000-0002-7284-8671; Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827 NR 4 TC 103 Z9 105 U1 8 U2 117 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 21 PY 2008 VL 319 IS 5870 BP 1616 EP 1616 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 276VR UT WOS:000254172300015 PM 18356505 ER PT J AU Keefer, TO Moran, MS Paige, GB AF Keefer, T. O. Moran, M. S. Paige, G. B. TI Long-term meteorological and soil hydrology database, Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, Arizona, United States SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RADAR IMAGERY; MOISTURE; SMEX04; MODEL AB A 17 year (1990-2006) meteorological and soil hydrology database has been developed for the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in southeastern Arizona. Data have been acquired at three automated weather stations, 5 soil profile trench sites, and 19 locations dispersed across the watershed colocated with recording rain gauges. Meteorological elements measured at the weather stations include air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, barometric pressure, solar radiation, photosynthetically active radiation, and net radiation. Soil hydrology properties measured at the weather stations, trench sites, and rain gauges include soil moisture, soil temperature, soil heat flux, and soil surface temperature. Data are available at http://www.tucson.ars.ag.gov/dap. C1 [Keefer, T. O.; Moran, M. S.] USDA, ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Paige, G. B.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Keefer, TO (reprint author), USDA, ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM tim.keefer@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR 21 PY 2008 VL 44 IS 5 AR W05S07 DI 10.1029/2006WR005702 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 281WP UT WOS:000254529900001 ER PT J AU Reichle, RH Crow, WT Keppenne, CL AF Reichle, Rolf H. Crow, Wade T. Keppenne, Christian L. TI An adaptive ensemble Kalman filter for soil moisture data assimilation SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ERROR COVARIANCE PARAMETERS; LAND DATA ASSIMILATION; ALGORITHM; IMPACT AB In a 19- year twin experiment for the Red- Arkansas river basin we assimilate synthetic surface soil moisture retrievals into the NASA Catchment land surface model. We demonstrate how poorly specified model and observation error parameters affect the quality of the assimilation products. In particular, soil moisture estimates from data assimilation are sensitive to observation and model error variances and, for very poor input error parameters, may even be worse than model estimates without data assimilation. Estimates of surface heat fluxes and runoff are at best marginally improved through the assimilation of surface soil moisture and tend to have large errors when the assimilation system operates with poor input error parameters. We present a computationally affordable, adaptive assimilation system that continually adjusts model and observation error parameters in response to internal diagnostics. The adaptive filter can identify model and observation error variances and provide generally improved assimilation estimates when compared to the non- adaptive system. C1 [Reichle, Rolf H.; Keppenne, Christian L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Crow, Wade T.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Reichle, Rolf H.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Keppenne, Christian L.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Reichle, RH (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Code 610-1,8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM rolf.reichle@nasa.gov RI Reichle, Rolf/E-1419-2012 NR 33 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR 21 PY 2008 VL 44 IS 3 AR W03423 DI 10.1029/2007WR006357 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 281WM UT WOS:000254529600004 ER PT J AU Paustian, ML Zhu, XC Sreevatsan, S Robbe-Austerman, S Kapur, V Bannantine, JP AF Paustian, Michael L. Zhu, Xiaochun Sreevatsan, Srinand Robbe-Austerman, Suelee Kapur, Vivek Bannantine, John P. TI Comparative genomic analysis of Mycobacterium avium subspecies obtained from multiple host species SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID WOOD PIGEON MYCOBACTERIA; MAMMALIAN-CELL ENTRY; IN-SILICO ANALYSIS; MCE OPERONS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; DEPENDENT MYCOBACTERIA; GENETIC-DIFFERENCES; MICROARRAY DATA; JOHNES-DISEASE; PARATUBERCULOSIS AB Background: Mycobacterium avium (M. avium) subspecies vary widely in both pathogenicity and host specificity, but the genetic features contributing to this diversity remain unclear. Results: A comparative genomic approach was used to identify large sequence polymorphisms among M. avium subspecies obtained from a variety of host animals. DNA microarrays were used as a platform for comparing mycobacterial isolates with the sequenced bovine isolate M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) K-10. Open reading frames (ORFs) were classified as present or divergent based on the relative fluorescent intensities of the experimental samples compared to MAP K-10 DNA. Multiple large polymorphic regions were found in the genomes of MAP isolates obtained from sheep. One of these clusters encodes glycopeptidolipid biosynthesis enzymes which have not previously been identified in MAP. M. avium subsp. silvaticum isolates were observed to have a hybridization profile very similar to yet distinguishable from M. avium subsp. avium. Isolates obtained from cattle (n = 5), birds (n = 4), goats (n = 3), bison (n = 3), and humans (n = 9) were indistinguishable from cattle isolate MAP K-10. Conclusion: Genome diversity in M. avium subspecies appears to be mediated by large sequence polymorphisms that are commonly associated with mobile genetic elements. Subspecies and host adapted isolates of M. avium were distinguishable by the presence or absence of specific polymorphisms. C1 [Paustian, Michael L.; Robbe-Austerman, Suelee; Bannantine, John P.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Zhu, Xiaochun; Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kapur, Vivek] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Paustian, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM michael.paustian@ars.usda.gov; zhuxx121@umn.edu; sreev001@umn.edu; Suelee.Robbe-Austerman@aphis.usda.gov; vkapur@psu.edu; john.bannantine@ars.usda.gov RI Kapur, Vivek/F-7610-2013; OI Kapur, Vivek/0000-0002-9648-0138; Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898; Sreevatsan, Srinand/0000-0002-5162-2403 NR 49 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAR 20 PY 2008 VL 9 AR 135 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-9-135 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 298SF UT WOS:000255706700003 PM 18366709 ER PT J AU Pan, ZQ Agarwal, AK Xu, T Feng, Q Baerson, SR Duke, SO Rimando, AM AF Pan, Zhiqiang Agarwal, Ameeta K. Xu, Tao Feng, Qin Baerson, Scott R. Duke, Stephen O. Rimando, Agnes M. TI Identification of molecular pathways affected by pterostilbene, a natural dimethylether analog of resveratrol SO BMC MEDICAL GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE GENOME; ENCODING PEROXISOMAL PROTEINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; VITIS-VINIFERA; PTEROCARPUS-MARSUPIUM; MICROARRAY DATA; MESSENGER-RNA; YEAST; RESISTANCE AB Background: Pterostilbene, a naturally occurring phenolic compound produced by agronomically important plant genera such as Vitis and Vacciunium, is a phytoalexin exhibiting potent antifungal activity. Additionally, recent studies have demonstrated several important pharmacological properties associated with pterostilbene. Despite this, a systematic study of the effects of pterostilbene on eukaryotic cells at the molecular level has not been previously reported. Thus, the aim of the present study was to identify the cellular pathways affected by pterostilbene by performing transcript profiling studies, employing the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Methods: S. cerevisiae strain S288C was exposed to pterostilbene at the IC(50) concentration (70 mu M) for one generation (3 h). Transcript profiling experiments were performed on three biological replicate samples using the Affymetrix GeneChip Yeast Genome S98 Array. The data were analyzed using the statistical methods available in the GeneSifter microarray data analysis system. To validate the results, eleven differentially expressed genes were further examined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR, and S. cerevisiae mutant strains with deletions in these genes were analyzed for altered sensitivity to pterostilbene. Results: Transcript profiling studies revealed that pterostilbene exposure significantly down-regulated the expression of genes involved in methionine metabolism, while the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial functions, drug detoxification, and transcription factor activity were significantly up-regulated. Additional analyses revealed that a large number of genes involved in lipid metabolism were also affected by pterostilbene treatment. Conclusion: Using transcript profiling, we have identified the cellular pathways targeted by pterostilbene, an analog of resveratrol. The observed response in lipid metabolism genes is consistent with its known hypolipidemic properties, and the induction of mitochondrial genes is consistent with its demonstrated role in apoptosis in human cancer cell lines. Furthermore, our data show that pterostilbene has a significant effect on methionine metabolism, a previously unreported effect for this compound. C1 [Pan, Zhiqiang; Baerson, Scott R.; Duke, Stephen O.; Rimando, Agnes M.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Agarwal, Ameeta K.; Xu, Tao; Feng, Qin] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Pan, ZQ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM zpan@olemiss.edu; aagarwal@olemiss.edu; taoxu@olemiss.edu; qfeng@olemiss.edu; sbaerson@msa-oxford.ars.usda.gov; sduke@msa-oxford.ars.usda.gov; arimando@msa-oxford.ars.usda.gov FU Public Health Service; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01 AI27094]; USDA [58-6408-2-0009] FX The authors are grateful to Jamie Lamberton and Melanie Mask for excellent technical assistance. AKA, TX, and QF were supported in part by a grant from the Public Health Service, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Grant No. R01 AI27094, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service Specific Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6408-2-0009. NR 65 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1755-8794 J9 BMC MED GENOMICS JI BMC Med. Genomics PD MAR 20 PY 2008 VL 1 AR 7 DI 10.1186/1755-8794-1-7 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 531FQ UT WOS:000272649500001 PM 18366703 ER PT J AU Benson, AC Fiatarone Singh, MA AF Benson, Amanda C. Fiatarone Singh, Maria A. TI The relationship of waist circumference, muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in New Zealand 10-15 year olds SO DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Benson, Amanda C.] RMIT Univ, Div Exercise Sci, Sch Med Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Fiatarone Singh, Maria A.] Univ Sydney, Discipline Exercise Hlth & Performance, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Hebrew SeniorLife & Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. OI Benson, Amanda Clare/0000-0003-2959-8969 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-8227 J9 DIABETES RES CLIN PR JI Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. PD MAR 20 PY 2008 VL 79 SU 1 BP S97 EP S97 DI 10.1016/S0168-8227(08)70884-2 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 350OQ UT WOS:000259362500241 ER PT J AU Worrall, JJ Egeland, L Eager, T Mask, RA Johnson, EW Kemp, PA Shepperd, WD AF Worrall, James J. Egeland, Leanne Eager, Thomas Mask, Roy A. Johnson, Erik W. Kemp, Philip A. Shepperd, Wayne D. TI Rapid mortality of Populus tremuloides in southwestern Colorado, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE disturbance; decline; dieback ID TREMBLING ASPEN; DROUGHT; FORESTS; REGENERATION; SUCCESSION; MOUNTAINS; CONIFERS; CLONES; GROWTH; ELK AB Concentrated patches of recent trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) mortality covered 515,091 ha of Colorado forests in 2006. Mortality has progressed rapidly. Area affected increased 58% between 2005 and 2006 on the Mancos-Dolores Ranger District, San Juan National Forest, where it equaled nearly 10% of the aspen cover type. In four stands that were measured twice, incidence of mortality increased from 7-9% in 2002/2003 to 31-60% in 2006. Mortality generally decreased with increasing elevation over the primary elevation range of aspen and occurred on less steep slopes than healthy aspen. Slope-weighted mean aspects of aspen cover type were northern at low elevations and generally southern at high elevations. Relative frequency of mortality was generally highest on southern to western aspects. In 31 stands measured in detail, mortality ranged from 0 to 100% (mean 32%) and was negatively correlated with stand density (P = 0.033). Size of trees affected was strongly correlated with amount of current mortality (P < 0.001), and current mortality was skewed toward larger diameter classes. Density of regeneration was in a low range typical of undisturbed stands and did not increase with overstory mortality. Agents that typically kill mature trees in aspen stands were unimportant in this mortality. Instead, a group of interchangeable, usually secondary agents was most commonly associated with mortality, including Cytospora canker (usually caused by Valsa sordida), aspen bark beetles (Trypophloeus populi and Procryphalus mucronatus), poplar borer (Saperda calcarata), and bronze poplar borer (Agrilus liragus). The rapidity of mortality, mortality agents involved, and probably other causal factors distinguish this phenomenon from the long-term loss of aspen cover usually attributed to successional processes operating in an altered disturbance regime (and often exacerbated by ungulate browsing). Our data are consistent with a hypothesis that (a) predisposing factors include stand maturation, low density, southern aspects and low elevations; (b) a major inciting factor was the recent, acute drought accompanied by high temperatures, and; (c) contributing factors and proximate agents of mortality are the common biotic agents observed. On sites with poor regeneration and weak root systems, clones may die, resulting in the long-term loss of aspen forest cover. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Worrall, James J.; Egeland, Leanne; Eager, Thomas; Mask, Roy A.] USDA Forest Serv, Gunnison, CO 81230 USA. [Johnson, Erik W.] USDA Forest Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Kemp, Philip A.] USDA Forest Serv, Dolores, CO USA. [Shepperd, Wayne D.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mtn Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Worrall, JJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, 216 N Colorado St, Gunnison, CO 81230 USA. EM jworrall@fs.fed.us RI Worrall, James/G-9496-2011 NR 46 TC 136 Z9 140 U1 5 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 20 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 3-4 BP 686 EP 696 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.071 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275LJ UT WOS:000254072700031 ER PT J AU Zabowski, D Chambreau, D Rotramel, N Thies, WG AF Zabowski, D. Chambreau, D. Rotramel, N. Thies, W. G. TI Long-term effects of stump removal to control root rot on forest soil bulk density, soil carbon and nitrogen content SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE soil nitrogen; soil carbon; laminated root rot; Phellinus weirii; soil bulk density; Douglas-fir root rot; Douglas-fir nitrogen ID PLANTED DOUGLAS-FIR; PHELLINUS-WEIRII; GROWTH REDUCTION; AFFECT MORTALITY; SKID TRAILS; FERTILIZATION; SEEDLINGS; STANDS; IDAHO; POOLS AB Removal of stumps and fertilization after harvesting have been proposed to reduce root diseases in succeeding stands. Potential impacts such as compaction and loss of soil C or N could limit the use of this technique. This research examined forest soils in five Pacific Northwest stands 22-29 years after stump removal and fertilization with N. Results show that small long-term soil bulk density increases caused by stump removal are not likely to either limit tree growth or discourage the use of stump removal to reduce root rot. However, an extended decrease was noted in mineral soil total N and C and forest floor depth caused by stump removal. The stumped areas show a mineral soil nitrogen concentration that is 20% lower than the non-stumped areas. Mineral soil carbon concentrations were 24% lower and the forest floor depth was 24% lower. A non-significant trend of lower foliar N was also observed with stump removal. These results were consistent in all five soil types. This reduction in the organic component of the soil may be a concern for nutrient cycling and long-term productivity on poor sites. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zabowski, D.; Rotramel, N.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thies, W. G.] USFS Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Zabowski, D (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM zabow@u.washington.edu; d.chambreau@comcast.net; wthies@fs.fed.us NR 27 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 6 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 20 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 3-4 BP 720 EP 727 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.046 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275LJ UT WOS:000254072700034 ER PT J AU Owens, JN Kittirat, T Mahalovich, MF AF Owens, John N. Kittirat, Thanong Mahalovich, Mary F. TI Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) seed production in natural stands SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Pinus; pine; whitebark; stone pines; cone morphology; cones; seeds; seed production; natural stands ID PSEUDOTSUGA-MENZIESII; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; SELF-POLLINATION; CONE DEVELOPMENT; EMBRYO; OCCIDENTALIS; MONTICOLA; OVULE AB The mature cones of whitebark pine from two high-elevation natural stands in central Idaho and western Nevada were analyzed in 2004 to determine the seed numbers and quality. It has the typical 2-year pine reproductive cycle. Cones are indehiscent and deciduous at maturity and the seeds lack seed wings. Cones averaged 62 scales, 75% of which were fertile with a seed potential of 96 seeds per cone. Total seeds per cone averaged 66 of which 46 were filled. Other potentially filled seeds were lost for different causes including abortion before pollination, abortion soon after pollination due to a lack of pollination or self-pollination, abortion about the time of fertilization due to self-fertilization, abortion during early and late-embryo development, and damage by insects or disease during development. About 70% of total seeds were filled and likely viable, which is high for conifers in natural stands especially at high elevations. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Owens, John N.] TimberW Forest Co, Saanichton, BC V8M 1S1, Canada. [Kittirat, Thanong] Forest Technol, Amphur Maewong 60150, Nakhan Sawan, Thailand. [Mahalovich, Mary F.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Owens, JN (reprint author), TimberW Forest Co, 1450 Mt Newton Cross Rd, Saanichton, BC V8M 1S1, Canada. EM drjnowens@ginail.com NR 24 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 20 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 3-4 BP 803 EP 809 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.067 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275LJ UT WOS:000254072700043 ER PT J AU Brunelle, A Rehfeldt, GE Bentz, B Munson, AS AF Brunelle, Andrea Rehfeldt, Gerald E. Bentz, Barbara Munson, A. Steven TI Holocene records of Dendroctonus bark beetles in high elevation pine forests of Idaho and Montana, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bark beetles; Dendroctonus; Holocene; macrofossils; 8200 year event; pollen; whitebark pine ID SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; FIRE-HISTORY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CHARCOAL ACCUMULATION; DISTURBANCE REGIME; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; NATIONAL-PARK; GLOBAL-CHANGE; COLD EVENT; COLEOPTERA AB Paleoecological reconstructions from two lakes in the U.S. northern Rocky Mountain region of Idaho and Montana revealed the presence of bark beetle elytra and head capsules (cf. Dendroctonus spp., most likely D. ponderosae, mountain pine beetle). Occurrence of these macrofossils during the period of time associated with the 1920/1930 A.D. mountain pine beetle outbreak at Baker Lake, Montana suggest that when beetle populations reach epidemic levels, beetle remains may be found in the lake sediments. In addition to the beetle remains found at Baker Lake during the 20th century, remains were also identified from ca. 8331, 8410, and 8529 cal yr BP. At Hoodoo Lake, Idaho remains were found at ca. 7954 and 8163 cal yr BP. These Holocene records suggest the infestations occurred during a period when climate changed rapidly to cooler and effectively wetter than present in forests dominated by whitebark pine. These two lake records provide the first preliminary data for understanding the longterm history of climatic influences on Dendroctonus bark beetle activity, which may be useful for predicting climate and stand conditions when mountain pine beetle activity occurs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Brunelle, Andrea] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Rehfeldt, Gerald E.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Bentz, Barbara] USDA, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Munson, A. Steven] USDA, US Forest Serv, Ogden, UT 84403 USA. RP Brunelle, A (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Geog, 260 S Campus Dr,Room 270, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM andrea.brunelle@geog.utah.edu NR 85 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 20 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 3-4 BP 836 EP 846 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.10.008 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275LJ UT WOS:000254072700047 ER PT J AU Kuenzi, AM Fule, PZ Sieg, CH AF Kuenzi, Amanda M. Fule, Peter Z. Sieg, Carolyn Hull TI Effects of fire severity and pre-fire stand treatment on plant community recovery after a large wildfire SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE non-native species; southwest; ponderosa pine; plant community; wheat ID PONDEROSA PINE FOREST; NORTHERN ARIZONA; UNDERSTORY VEGETATION; PRESCRIBED FIRE; SIERRA-NEVADA; INVASIONS; RESPONSES; DIVERSITY; COLORADO; IMPACTS AB The Rodeo-Chediski fire burned approximately 189,650 ha in east-central Arizona from June 18 to July 7, 2002, 113,700 ha of it on White Mountain Apache tribal land. In 2004 and 2005, we measured plant canopy cover and richness in areas of high and low burn severity in each of two treatments: (1) cutting and prescribed burning, or (2) untreated, in the 11 years prior to the wildfire. Total understory plant canopy cover was significantly higher in areas of high severity (p = .0002 in 2004 and p = .0001 in 2005). Overall, there was high richness of exotic species but cover was surprisingly low at <3% across all years, severities, and treatments. There were no significant differences in exotic species cover between high and low severity or between treated and untreated areas. Areas of high severity burn were seeded after the fire with several native grasses, native forbs, and common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat had a strong presence in the plant community in 2004, but was uncommon by 2005. Indicator Species Analysis showed the indicators of high severity were seeded or early successional species. In contrast, indicators of low severity included several perennial bunchgrasses. While our results show that wheat declined quickly and exotic plants were uncommon, any longer-term impacts of the fire on the plant community can only be addressed by continued monitoring of these sites. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kuenzi, Amanda M.; Fule, Peter Z.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Ecol Restorat Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Sieg, Carolyn Hull] USDA, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Kuenzi, AM (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Ecol Restorat Inst, PO Box 15018, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM Pete.Fule@NAU.EDU NR 48 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 20 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 3-4 BP 855 EP 865 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.10.001 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275LJ UT WOS:000254072700049 ER PT J AU Stape, JL Binkley, D Ryan, MG AF Stape, Jose Luiz Binkley, Dart Ryan, Michael G. TI Production and carbon allocation in a clonal Eucalyptus plantation with water and nutrient manipulations SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE eucalyptus production; carbon budget; carbon allocation; resource use efficiency; aboveground productivity; carbon sequestration; belowground allocation; soil respiration; irrigation ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; LIGHT-USE EFFICIENCY; FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; 3-PG MODEL; GRANDIS; BIOMASS; STANDS; GROWTH; ACCUMULATION; CANOPY AB We examined resource limitations on growth and carbon allocation in a fast-growing, clonal plantation of Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla in Brazil by characterizing responses to annual rainfall, and response to irrigation and fertililization for 2 years. Productivity measures included gross primary production (GPP), total belowground carbon allocation (TBCA), bole growth, and net ecosystem production (NEP). Replicate plots within a single plantation were established at the midpoint of the rotation (end of year 3), with treatments of no additional fertilization or irrigation, heavy fertilization (to remove any nutrient limitation), irrigation (to remove any water limitation), and irrigation plus fertilization. Rainfall was unusually high in the first year (1769mm) of the experiment, and control plots had high rates of GPP (6.64 kg C m(-2) year(-1)), TBCA (2.14 kg C m(-2) year(-1)), and bole growth (1.81 kg C m(-2) year). Irrigation increased each of these rates by 15-17%. The second year of the experiment had average rainfall (1210 mm), and lower rainfall decreased production in control plots by 46% (GPP), 52% (TBCA), and 40% (bole growth). Fertilization treatments had neglible effects. The response to irrigation was much greater in the drier year, with irrigated plots exceeding the production in control plots by 83% (GPP), 239% (TBCA), and 24% (bole growth). Even though the rate of irrigation ensured no water limitation to tree growth, the high rainfall year showed higher production in irrigated plots for both GPP (38% greater than in drier year) and bole growth (23% greater). Varying humidity and supplies of water led to a range in NEP of 0.8-2.7 kg C m(-2) year. This difference between control and irrigated treatments, combined with differences between drier and wetter years, indicated a strong response of these Eucalyptus trees to both water supply and atmospheric humidity during the dry season. The efficiency of converting light energy into fixed carbon ranged from a low of 0.027 mol C to a high of 0.060 mol C per mol of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR), and the efficiency of bolewood production ranged from 0.78 to 1.98 g wood per MJ of APAR. Irrigation increased the efficiency of wood production per unit of water used from 2.55 kg wood m(-3) in the rainfed plot to 3.51 kg m(-3) in irrigated plots. Detailed information on the response of C budgets to environmental conditions and resource supplies will be necessary for accurate predictions of plantation yields across years and landscapes. (V) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Stape, Jose Luiz] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Forest Sci, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Binkley, Dart; Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Warner Coll Nat Resources, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Binkley, Dart] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn W Prospect 240, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Stape, JL (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Forest Sci, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM stape@esalq.usp.br RI Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008 OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738 NR 65 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 20 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 3-4 BP 920 EP 930 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.085 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275LJ UT WOS:000254072700055 ER PT J AU Depro, BM Murray, BC Alig, RJ Shanks, A AF Depro, Brooks M. Murray, Brian C. Alig, Ralph J. Shanks, Alyssa TI Public land, timber harvests, and climate mitigation: Quantifying carbon sequestration potential on US public timberlands SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE public timberland; forestry; climate change; carbon sequestration ID UNITED-STATES; SEQUESTERING CARBON; SOIL CARBON; FORESTS; AGRICULTURE; BUDGET; COSTS AB Scientists and policy makers have long recognized the role that forests can play in countering the atmospheric buildup of carbon dioxide (CO2) a greenhouse gas (GHG). In the United States, terrestrial carbon sequestration in private and public forests offsets approximately 11% of all GHG emissions from all sectors of the economy on an annual basis. Although much of the attention on forest carbon sequestration strategy in the United States has been on the role of private lands, public forests in the United States represent approximately 20% of the U.S. timberland area and also hold a significantly large share (30%) of the U.S. timber volume. With such a large standing timber inventory, these forested lands have considerable impact on the U.S. forest carbon balance. To help decision makers understand the carbon implications of potential changes in public timberland management, we compared a baseline timber harvest scenario with two alternative harvest scenarios and estimated annual carbon stock changes associated with each. Our analysis found that a "no timber harvest" scenario eliminating harvests on public lands would result in an annual increase of 17-29 million metric tonnes of carbon (MMTC) per year between 2010 and 2050-as much as a 43% increase over current sequestration levels on public timberlands and would offset up to 1.5% of total U.S. GHG emissions. In contrast, moving to a more intense harvesting policy similar to that which prevailed in the 1980s may result in annual carbon losses of 27-35 MMTC per year between 20 10 and 2050. These losses would represent a significant decline (50-80%) in anticipated carbon sequestration associated with the existing timber harvest policies. If carbon sequestration were valued in the marketplace as part of a GHG offset program, the economic value of sequestered carbon on public lands could be substantial relative to timber harvest revenues. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Depro, Brooks M.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Murray, Brian C.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Alig, Ralph J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Shanks, Alyssa] Alaska Dept Labor & Workforce Dev, Res & Anal Sect, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Depro, BM (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM bmd@rti.org RI daorui, han/G-3767-2011 NR 35 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 20 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 3-4 BP 1122 EP 1134 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.10.036 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275LJ UT WOS:000254072700077 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Villeda, H Schroeder, S Flint-Garcia, S Guill, KE Yamasaki, M McMullen, MD AF Sanchez-Villeda, Hector Schroeder, Steven Flint-Garcia, Sherry Guill, Katherine E. Yamasaki, Masanori McMullen, Michael D. TI DNAAlignEditor: DNA alignment editor tool SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; ACCURACY AB Background: With advances in DNA re-sequencing methods and Next-Generation parallel sequencing approaches, there has been a large increase in genomic efforts to define and analyze the sequence variability present among individuals within a species. For very polymorphic species such as maize, this has lead to a need for intuitive, user-friendly software that aids the biologist, often with naive programming capability, in tracking, editing, displaying, and exporting multiple individual sequence alignments. To fill this need we have developed a novel DNA alignment editor. Results: We have generated a nucleotide sequence alignment editor (DNAAlignEditor) that provides an intuitive, user-friendly interface for manual editing of multiple sequence alignments with functions for input, editing, and output of sequence alignments. The color-coding of nucleotide identity and the display of associated quality score aids in the manual alignment editing process. DNAAlignEditor works as a client/server tool having two main components: a relational database that collects the processed alignments and a user interface connected to database through universal data access connectivity drivers. DNAAlignEditor can be used either as a stand-alone application or as a network application with multiple users concurrently connected. Conclusion: We anticipate that this software will be of general interest to biologists and population genetics in editing DNA sequence alignments and analyzing natural sequence variation regardless of species, and will be particularly useful for manual alignment editing of sequences in species with high levels of polymorphism. C1 [Sanchez-Villeda, Hector; Schroeder, Steven; Yamasaki, Masanori; McMullen, Michael D.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Flint-Garcia, Sherry; Guill, Katherine E.; McMullen, Michael D.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Yamasaki, Masanori] Kobe Univ, Food Res Educ & Res Ctr, Hyogo, Japan. [Schroeder, Steven] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Gen Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sanchez-Villeda, H (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM sanchezvilledah@missouri.edu; steven.schroeder@ars.usda.gov; Sherry.Flint-Garcia@ars.usda.gov; Kate.Guill@ars.usda.gov; yamasakim@tiger.kobe-u.ac.jp; Michael.McMullen@ars.usda.gov OI Schroeder, Steven/0000-0001-9103-5150 NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD MAR 19 PY 2008 VL 9 AR 154 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-9-154 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 292RJ UT WOS:000255283500001 PM 18366684 ER PT J AU Cheng, NH AF Cheng, Ning-Hui TI AtGRX4, an Arabidopsis chloroplastic monothiol glutaredoxin, is able to suppress yeast grx5 mutant phenotypes and respond to oxidative stress SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE glutaredoxin; oxidative stress; redox signaling; chloroplast; plastid; Arabidopsis thaliana ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PROTEIN OXIDATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GLUTATHIONE; PROTECTION; THALIANA; ENZYMES; BIOLOGY; SYSTEMS; DOMAIN AB Arabidopsis monothiol glutaredoxin (Grx), AtGRX4, was targeted to chloroplasts/plastids and had high similarity to yeast Grx5. In yeast expression assays, AtGRX4 localized to the mitochondria and suppressed the sensitivity of grx5 cells to oxidants. In addition, AtGRX4 reduced iron accumulation and rescued the lysine auxotrophy of grx5 cells. In planta, AtGRX4 RNA transcripts accumulated in growing tissues. Furthermore, AtGRX4expression was altered under various stresses. Genetic analysis revealed that seedlings of atgrx4 mutants were sensitive to oxidants. Taken together, these results suggest that AtGRX4 may have important functions in plant growth and development under extreme environments. (C) 2008 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Plant Phys Grp,Baylor Coll Med,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Cheng, NH (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Plant Phys Grp,Baylor Coll Med,Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM ncheng@bcm.tmc.edu NR 26 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD MAR 19 PY 2008 VL 582 IS 6 BP 848 EP 854 DI 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.02.006 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 321UG UT WOS:000257331400003 PM 18275854 ER PT J AU Clawson, ML Richt, JA Baron, T Biacabe, AG Czub, S Heaton, MP Smith, TPL Laegreid, WW AF Clawson, Michael L. Richt, Juergen A. Baron, Thierry Biacabe, Anne-Gaelle Czub, Stefanie Heaton, Michael P. Smith, Timothy P. L. Laegreid, William W. TI Association of a Bovine Prion Gene Haplotype with Atypical BSE SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background: Atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathies (BSEs) are recently recognized prion diseases of cattle. Atypical BSEs are rare; approximately 30 cases have been identified worldwide. We tested prion gene (PRNP) haplotypes for an association with atypical BSE. Methodology/Principle Findings: Haplotype tagging polymorphisms that characterize PRNP haplotypes from the promoter region through the three prime untranslated region of exon 3 (25.2 kb) were used to determine PRNP haplotypes of six available atypical BSE cases from Canada, France and the United States. One or two copies of a distinct PRNP haplotype were identified in five of the six cases (p = 1.3 x 10(-4), two-tailed Fisher's exact test; CI(95%) 0.263-0.901, difference between proportions). The haplotype spans a portion of PRNP that includes part of intron 2, the entire coding region of exon 3 and part of the three prime untranslated region of exon 3 (13 kb). Conclusions/Significance: This result suggests that a genetic determinant in or near PRNP may influence susceptibility of cattle to atypical BSE. C1 [Clawson, Michael L.; Heaton, Michael P.; Smith, Timothy P. L.; Laegreid, William W.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Richt, Juergen A.] USDA, ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Baron, Thierry; Biacabe, Anne-Gaelle] Unite ATNC, AFSSA, Lyon, France. [Czub, Stefanie] Anim Dis Res Inst Canada, Natl & OIE BSE Reference Lab, Food Inspect Agcy, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. RP Clawson, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM mike.clawson@ars.usda.gov OI Clawson, Michael/0000-0002-3355-5390 FU USDA National Research Initiative [2005-35212-15890]; Agricultural Research Service FX This research was supported by the USDA National Research Initiative, Competitive Grant No. 2005-35212-15890 and the Agricultural Research Service. NR 21 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 19 PY 2008 VL 3 IS 3 AR e1830 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0001830 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 370KY UT WOS:000260762300032 PM 18350166 ER PT J AU Zhou, RN Shi, R Jiang, SM Yin, WB Wang, HH Chen, YH Hu, J Wang, RRC Zhang, XQ Hu, ZM AF Zhou, Ruo-Nan Shi, Rui Jiang, Shu-Mei Yin, Wei-Bo Wang, Huang-Huang Chen, Yu-Hong Hu, Jun Wang, Richard R. C. Zhang, Xiang-Qi Hu, Zan-Min TI Rapid EST isolation from chromosome IR of rye SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; SECALE-CEREALE L.; SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; WHEAT-THINOPYRUM-INTERMEDIUM; REPEATED DNA-SEQUENCES; SALICYLIC-ACID; BIN MAP; RUST RESISTANCE; VIRUS-INFECTION; GENOME PROJECT AB Background: To obtain important expressed sequence tags (ESTs) located on specific chromosomes is currently difficult. Construction of single-chromosome EST library could be an efficient strategy to isolate important ESTs located on specific chromosomes. In this research we developed a method to rapidly isolate ESTs from chromosome IR of rye by combining the techniques of chromosome microdissection with hybrid specific amplification (HSA). Results: Chromosome IR was isolated by a glass needle and digested with proteinase K (PK). The DNA of chromosome IR was amplified by two rounds of PCR using a degenerated oligonucleotide 6-MW sequence with a Sau3AI digestion site as the primer. The PCR product was digested with Sau3AI and linked with adaptor HSA1, then hybridized with the Sau3AI digested cDNA with adaptor HSA2 of rye leaves with and without salicylic acid (SA) treatment, respectively. The hybridized DNA fragments were recovered by the HSA method and cloned into pMD18-T vector. The cloned inserts were released by PCR using the partial sequences in HSA1 and HSA2 as the primers and then sequenced. Of the 94 ESTs obtained and analyzed, 6 were known sequences located on rye chromosome IR or on homologous group 1 chromosomes of wheat; all of them were highly homologous with ESTs of wheat, barley and/or other plants in Gramineae, some of which were induced by abiotic or biotic stresses. Isolated in this research were 22 ESTs with unknown functions, probably representing some new genes on rye chromosome IR. Conclusion: We developed a new method to rapidly clone chromosome-specific ESTs from chromosome IR of rye. The information reported here should be useful for cloning and investigating the new genes found on chromosome IR. C1 [Zhou, Ruo-Nan; Shi, Rui; Jiang, Shu-Mei; Yin, Wei-Bo; Wang, Huang-Huang; Chen, Yu-Hong; Hu, Jun; Zhang, Xiang-Qi; Hu, Zan-Min] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Shu-Mei] Chinese Acad Sci, S China Sea Inst Oceanol, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Richard R. C.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, FRRL, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Zhou, Ruo-Nan] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Uni, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Shi, Rui] N Carolina State Univ, Forest Biotechnol Grp, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Hu, ZM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM wawazhoujian@163.com; rshi@ncsu.edu; shmjiang@163.com; wbyin@genetics.ac.cn; huanhuanbj@hotmail.com; yhchen@genetics.ac.cn; jhu@genetics.ac.cn; richard.wang@ars.usda.gov; xqzhang@genetics.ac.cn; zmhu@genetics.ac.cn RI Rui, Shi/B-3306-2008; Jiang, Shumei/J-8295-2014 NR 68 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD MAR 18 PY 2008 VL 8 AR 28 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-8-28 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 291DP UT WOS:000255173600001 PM 18366673 ER PT J AU Asner, GP Hughes, RF Vitousek, PM Knapp, DE Kennedy-Bowdoin, T Boardman, J Martin, RE Eastwood, M Green, RO AF Asner, Gregory P. Hughes, R. Flint Vitousek, Peter M. Knapp, David E. Kennedy-Bowdoin, Ty Boardman, Joseph Martin, Roberta E. Eastwood, Michael Green, Robert O. TI Invasive plants transform the three-dimensional structure of rain forests SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE biological invasion; Hawaii; imaging spectroscopy; LiDAR; tropical forest ID GINGER HEDYCHIUM-GARDNERIANUM; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; HAWAIIAN FORESTS; GLOBAL CHANGE; ECOSYSTEM; LIGHT; GRASS; GAPS AB Biological invasions contribute to global environmental change, but the dynamics and consequences of most invasions are difficult to assess at regional scales. We deployed an airborne remote sensing system that mapped the location and impacts of five highly invasive plant species across 221,875 ha of Hawaiian ecosystems, identifying four distinct ways that these species transform the three-dimensional (3D) structure of native rain forests. In lowland to montane forests, three invasive tree species replace native midcanopy and understory plants, whereas one understory invader excludes native species at the ground level. A fifth invasive nitrogen-fixing tree, in combination with a midcanopy alien tree, replaces native plants at all canopy levels in lowland forests. We conclude that this diverse array of alien plant species, each representing a different growth form or functional type, is changing the fundamental 3D structure of native Hawaiian rain forests. Our work also demonstrates how an airborne mapping strategy can identify and track the spread of certain invasive plant species, determine ecological consequences of their proliferation, and provide detailed geographic information to conservation and management efforts. C1 [Asner, Gregory P.; Knapp, David E.; Kennedy-Bowdoin, Ty; Martin, Roberta E.] Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hughes, R. Flint] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Vitousek, Peter M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Boardman, Joseph] Analyt Imaging & Geophys LLC, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Eastwood, Michael; Green, Robert O.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Asner, GP (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM gpa@stanford.edu RI Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013 OI Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421 NR 30 TC 110 Z9 112 U1 9 U2 78 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 18 PY 2008 VL 105 IS 11 BP 4519 EP 4523 DI 10.1073/pnas.0710811105 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 278DH UT WOS:000254263300079 PM 18316720 ER PT J AU Hayes, DJ Cohen, WB Sader, SA Irwin, DE AF Hayes, Daniel J. Cohen, Warren B. Sader, Steven A. Irwin, Daniel E. TI Estimating proportional change in forest cover as a continuous variable from multi-year MODIS data SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE MODIS; regression models; tropical forests; land cover and land use change ID RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER; NOAA AVHRR DATA; SATELLITE DATA; TROPICAL DEFORESTATION; VEGETATION INDEXES; BIOSPHERE RESERVE; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; LANDSAT; IMAGERY; SCALE AB This article describes a series of fundamental analyses designed to test and compare the utility of various MODIS data and products for detecting land cover change over a large area of the tropics. The approach for estimating proportional forest cover change as a continuous variable was based on a reduced major axis regression model. The model relates multispectral and multi-temporal MODIS data, transformed to optimize the spectral detection of vegetation changes, to reference change data sets derived from a Landsat data record for several study sites across the Central American region. Three MODIS data sets with diverse attributes were evaluated on model consistency, prediction accuracy and practical utility in estimating change in forest cover over multiple time intervals and spatial extents. A spectral index based on short-wave infrared information (normalized difference moisture index), calculated from half-kilometer Calibrated Radiances data sets, generally showed the best relationships with the reference data and the lowest model prediction errors at individual study areas and time intervals. However, spectral indices based on atmospherically corrected surface reflectance data, as with the Vegetation Indices and Nadir Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function - Adjusted Reflectance (NBAR) data sets, produced consistent model parameters and accurate forest cover change estimates when modeling over multiple time intervals. Models based on anniversary date acquisitions of the one-kilometer resolution NBAR product proved to be the most consistent and practical to implement. Linear regression models based on spectral indices that correlate with change in the brightness, greenness and wetness spectral domains of these data estimated proportional change in forest cover with less than 10% prediction error over the full spatial and temporal extent of this study. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hayes, Daniel J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cohen, Warren B.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sader, Steven A.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Irwin, Daniel E.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Global Hydrol & Climate Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Hayes, DJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Daniel.Hayes@Oregonstate.edu RI Hayes, Daniel/B-8968-2012 NR 48 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAR 18 PY 2008 VL 112 IS 3 BP 735 EP 749 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2007.06.003 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 280RK UT WOS:000254443700010 ER PT J AU Wulder, MA White, JC Goward, SN Masek, JG Irons, JR Herold, M Cohen, WB Loveland, TR Woodcock, CE AF Wulder, Michael A. White, Joanne C. Goward, Samuel N. Masek, Jeffrey G. Irons, James R. Herold, Martin Cohen, Warren B. Loveland, Thomas R. Woodcock, Curtis E. TI Landsat continuity: Issues and opportunities for land cover monitoring SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Landsat; landsat data continuity mission; large area; land cover; monitoring; change detection; remote sensing ID TERM ACQUISITION PLAN; EARTH OBSERVATION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; SATELLITE DATA; LARGE AREAS; ASTER; IMAGERY; VALIDATION; MISSION; POLICY AB Initiated in 1972, the Landsat program has provided a continuous record of earth observation for 35 years. The assemblage of Landsat spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions, over a reasonably sized image extent, results in imagery that can be processed to represent land cover over large areas with an amount of spatial detail that is absolutely unique and indispensable for monitoring, management, and scientific activities. Recent technical problems with the two existing Landsat satellites, and delays in the development and launch of a successor, increase the likelihood that a gap in Landsat continuity may occur. In this communication, we identify the key features of the Landsat program that have resulted in the extensive use of Landsat data for large area land cover mapping and monitoring. We then augment this list of key features by examining the data needs of existing large area land cover monitoring programs. Subsequently, we use this list as a basis for reviewing the current constellation of earth observation satellites to identify potential alternative data sources for large area land cover applications. Notions of a virtual constellation of satellites to meet large area land cover mapping and monitoring needs are also presented. Finally, research priorities that would facilitate the integration of these alternative data sources into existing large area land cover monitoring programs are identified. Continuity of the Landsat program and the measurements provided are critical for scientific, environmental, economic, and social purposes. It is difficult to overstate the importance of Landsat; there are no other systems in orbit, or planned for launch in the short-term, that can duplicate or approach replication, of the measurements and information conferred by Landsat. While technical and political options are being pursued, there is no satellite image data stream poised to enter the National Satellite Land Remote Sensing Data Archive should system failures occur to Landsat-5 and -7. Crown Copyright (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wulder, Michael A.; White, Joanne C.] Nat Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Goward, Samuel N.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Masek, Jeffrey G.; Irons, James R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Herold, Martin] FSU Jena, Dept Geog, GOFC GOLD Land Cover Project Off, Jena, Germany. [Cohen, Warren B.] USDA, Forest Serv, PNW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Loveland, Thomas R.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Earth Observat & Sci EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Woodcock, Curtis E.] Boston Univ, Dept Geog, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Wulder, MA (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, 506 W Burnside Rd, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. EM mwulder@nrcan.ge.ca RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012; Irons, James/D-8535-2012; Herold, Martin/F-8553-2012; Wulder, Michael/J-5597-2016; OI Herold, Martin/0000-0003-0246-6886; Wulder, Michael/0000-0002-6942-1896; White, Joanne/0000-0003-4674-0373 NR 90 TC 190 Z9 200 U1 10 U2 79 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAR 18 PY 2008 VL 112 IS 3 BP 955 EP 969 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2007.07.004 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 280RK UT WOS:000254443700027 ER PT J AU Triepke, FJ Brewer, CK Leavell, DM Novak, SJ AF Triepke, F. Jack Brewer, C. Kenneth Leavell, Daniel M. Novak, Stephen J. TI Mapping forest alliances and associations using fuzzy systems and nearest neighbor classifiers SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE vegetation mapping; map design; image classification; fuzzy logic; nearest neighbor; plant association; accuracy assessment ID DECISION TREE CLASSIFIER; THEMATIC MAPPER DATA; INDEX; ACCURACY; NETWORKS; TM AB The study and management of biological communities depends on systems of classification and mapping for the organization and communication of resource information. Recent advances in remote sensing technology may enable the mapping of forest plant associations using image classification techniques. But few areas outside Europe have alliances and associations described in detail sufficient to support remote sensing-based modeling. Northwestern Montana has one of the few completed plant association classifications in the United States compliant with the recently established National Vegetation Classification system. This project examined the feasibility of mapping forest plant associations using Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus data and advanced remote sensing technology and image classification techniques. Suitable reference data were selected from an extensive regional database of plot records. Fifteen percent of the plot samples were reserved for validation of map products, the remainder of plots designated as training data for map modeling. Key differentiae for image classification were identified from a suite of spectral and biophysical variables. Fuzzy rules were formulated for partitioning physiognomic classes in the upper levels of our image classification hierarchy. Nearest neighbor classifiers were developed for classification of lower levels (alliances and associations), where spectral and biophysical contrasts are less distinct. Maps were produced to reflect nine forest alliances and 24 associations across the study area. Error matrices were constructed for each map based on stratified random selections of map validation samples. Accuracy for the alliance map was estimated at 60%. Association classifiers provide between 54 and 86% accuracy within their respective alliances. Alternative techniques are proposed for aggregating classes and enhancing decision tree classifiers to model alliances and associations for interior forest types. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Triepke, F. Jack] US Forest Serv, Ecosyst Assessment & Planning, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Brewer, C. Kenneth] US Forest Serv, Washington Off, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Leavell, Daniel M.] US Forest Serv, Kootenai NF, Libby, MT USA. [Novak, Stephen J.] Boise State Univ, Dept Biol, Boise, ID 83725 USA. RP Triepke, FJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ecosyst Assessment & Planning, Albuquerque, NM USA. EM jtricpke@fs.fed.us NR 53 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAR 18 PY 2008 VL 112 IS 3 BP 1037 EP 1050 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2007.07.014 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 280RK UT WOS:000254443700033 ER PT J AU Sanchez, JM Kustas, WP Caselles, V Anderson, MC AF Sanchez, J. M. Kustas, W. P. Caselles, V. Anderson, M. C. TI Modelling surface energy fluxes over maize using a two-source patch model and radiometric soil and canopy temperature observations SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE STSEB; soil temperature; canopy temperature; sensible heat flux; latent heat flux ID SENSIBLE HEAT-FLUX; ATMOSPHERE TRANSFER MODELS; DUAL ANGLE OBSERVATIONS; LAND-SURFACE; COMPONENT TEMPERATURES; LEAF TEMPERATURE; BALANCE CLOSURE; VAPOR TRANSFER; VEGETATION; VALIDATION AB Models estimating surface energy fluxes over partial canopy cover with thermal remote sensing must account for significant differences between the radiometric temperatures and turbulent exchange rates associated with the soil and canopy components of the thermal pixel scene. Recent progress in separating soil and canopy temperatures from dual angle composite radiometric temperature measurements has encouraged the development of two-source (soil and canopy) approaches to estimating surface energy fluxes given observations of component soil and canopy temperatures. A Simplified Two-Source Energy Balance (STSEB) model has been developed using a "patch" treatment of the surface flux sources, which does not allow interaction between the soil and vegetation canopy components. A simple algorithm to predict the net radiation partitioning between the soil and vegetation is introduced as part of the STSEB patch modelling scheme. The feasibility of the STSEB approach under a full range in fractional vegetation cover conditions is explored using data collected over a maize (corn) crop in Beltsville Maryland, USA during the 2004 summer growing season. Measurements of soil and canopy component temperatures as well as the effective composite temperature were collected over the course of the growing season from crop emergence to cob development. Comparison with tower flux measurements yielded root-mean-square-difference values between 15 and 50 W m(-2) for the retrieval of the net radiation, soil, sensible and latent heat fluxes. A detailed sensitivity analysis of the STSEB approach to typical uncertainties in the required inputs was also conducted indicating greatest model sensitivity to soil and canopy temperature uncertainties with relative errors reaching similar to 30% in latent heat flux estimates. With algorithms proposed to infer component temperatures from bi-angular satellite observations, the STSEB model has the capability of being applied operationally. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sanchez, J. M.; Kustas, W. P.; Anderson, M. C.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20750 USA. [Caselles, V.] Univ Valencia, Earth Phys & Thermodynam Dept, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. RP Sanchez, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Bldg 007,BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20750 USA. EM Juan.M.Sanchez@uv.es RI Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015; Sanchez, Juan Manuel/F-5807-2016 OI Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525; Sanchez, Juan Manuel/0000-0003-1027-9351 NR 52 TC 63 Z9 68 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAR 18 PY 2008 VL 112 IS 3 BP 1130 EP 1143 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2007.07.018 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 280RK UT WOS:000254443700039 ER PT J AU Pfannkuche, H Konrath, A Buchholz, I Richt, JA Seeger, J Mueller, H Gaebel, G AF Pfannkuche, Helga Konrath, Andrea Buchholz, Ingeborg Richt, Juergen A. Seeger, Johannes Mueller, Hermann Gaebel, Gotthold TI Infection of the enteric nervous system by Borna disease virus (BDV) upregulates expression of Calbindin D-28k SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Borna disease virus; Calbindin; choline acetyltransferase; colon; ENS; lewis rat ID PRIMARY AFFERENT NEURONS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; CELLS; RATS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INTESTINE; MODEL AB Borna disease virus (BDV) is a neurotropic agent infecting distinct neuronal subpopulations in the central nervous system of various mammalian species possibly including humans. Horses, a major natural host for BDV, show gastrointestinal dysfunctions besides characteristic neurological symptoms. Therefore, we hypothesized that enteric neurons may be targets of BDV replication. The presence of BDV-specific antigen in subpopulations of the ENS was investigated. Four-week-old Lewis rats were infected intracerebrally and sacrificed 4-14 weeks post infection (p.i.). BDV-immunoreactive neurons were found in submucous and myenteric neurons of the proximal colon. Fourteen weeks p.i., the proportion of BDV-positive neurons was 44 +/- 17 and 24 +/- 7% in the submucous and myenteric plexus, respectively. The majority of BDV-positive myenteric neurons showed immunoreactivity for choline acetyltransferase. Expression of Calbindin D-28k (CALB) was found in 96% of submucous and 67% of myenteric BDV-immunoreactive neurons. Additionally, the number of CALB-immunoreactive neurons was significantly higher in the myenteric plexus of infected rats compared to controls. These data indicate that BDV infects specific subpopulations of enteric neurons. Therefore, the ENS might serve as a site for BDV replication and as an immunoprivileged reservoir for BDV. In addition, upregulation of CALB in neurons of the myenteric plexus is probably induced during BDV-infection. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pfannkuche, Helga; Buchholz, Ingeborg; Gaebel, Gotthold] Univ Leipzig, Fac Vet Med, Inst Vet Physiol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Konrath, Andrea; Mueller, Hermann] Univ Leipzig, Fac Vet Med, Inst Virol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Richt, Juergen A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Seeger, Johannes] Univ Leipzig, Fac Vet Med, Dept Anat Histol & Embryol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. RP Pfannkuche, H (reprint author), Univ Leipzig, Fac Vet Med, Inst Vet Physiol, Tierkliniken 7, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. EM pfannku@rz.uni-leipzig.de NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD MAR 18 PY 2008 VL 127 IS 3-4 BP 275 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.09.005 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 272BB UT WOS:000253831400006 PM 17961937 ER PT J AU Antognoli, MC Garry, FB Hirst, HL Lombard, JE Dennis, MM Gould, DH Salman, MD AF Antognoli, Maria C. Garry, Franklyn B. Hirst, Heather L. Lombard, Jason E. Dennis, Michelle M. Gould, Daniel H. Salman, Mo D. TI Characterization of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis disseminated infection in dairy cattle and its association with antemortem test results SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis; disseminated MAP infection; antemortem diagnostic tests; dairy cattle ID MILK-PRODUCTION; CROHNS-DISEASE; ECONOMIC-LOSSES; JOHNES-DISEASE; COWS; HERD; DIAGNOSIS; CULTURE; ORGANS; BULLS AB Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) disseminated infection in dairy cattle affects animal health and productivity and is also a potential public health concern. The study objectives were to characterize MAP disseminated infection in dairy cattle and to determine the role of antemortem tests in detecting cattle with disseminated infection. Forty culled dairy cows representing a variety of serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results and body conditions were selected for the study. The physical condition of the cows was assessed via clinical examination prior to euthanasia and blood and feces were collected and tested by serum ELISA and fecal culture, respectively. Fifteen tissues were aseptically collected from each cow during necropsy and cultured for isolation of MAP. Disseminated infection was diagnosed when MAP was isolated in tissues other than the intestines or their associated lymph nodes (LNs) and was distinguished from infection found only in the gastrointestinal tissues and from absence of infection. Of the 40 cows in the study, 21 had MAP disseminated infection. Results showed that 57% (12/21) of cows with disseminated infection had average to heavy body condition and no diarrhea. Cows with disseminated infection had no to minimal gross pathologic evidence of infection in 37% (8/21) of cases. Only 76% (16/21) of cows with disseminated infection had positive historical ELISA results and only 62% (13/21) had a positive ELISA at slaughter. Thus, antemortem evidence of MAP infection was lacking in a high proportion of cows where MAP disseminated infection was confirmed. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Antognoli, Maria C.; Salman, Mo D.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Clin Sci, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lombard, Jason E.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Dennis, Michelle M.; Gould, Daniel H.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Antognoli, MC (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Clin Sci, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Maria.Antognoli@colostate.edu NR 28 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD MAR 18 PY 2008 VL 127 IS 3-4 BP 300 EP 308 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.08.017 PG 9 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 272BB UT WOS:000253831400008 PM 17881159 ER PT J AU Shoemaker, CA Olivares-Fuster, O Arias, CR Klesius, PH AF Shoemaker, C. A. Olivares-Fuster, O. Arias, C. R. Klesius, P. H. TI Flavobacterium columnare genomovar influences mortality in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flavobacterium columnare; channel catfish; genomovar; virulence ID AC LYASE ACTIVITY; FLEXIBACTER-COLUMNARIS; LOW VIRULENCE; GILL TISSUE; FISH; STRAINS; WATER; INFECTION; ADHESION; ASSOCIATION AB Flavobacterium columnare, causal agent of columnaris disease, is pathogenic to many species of freshwater fish throughout the world. The United States channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture industry is severely impacted by columnaris disease. The majority of the F columnare isolates recovered from diseased channel catfish belonged to either genomovars I or II. The objective of the present study was to determine if differences existed in the ability of these genomovars to induce mortality in channel catfish. Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) was used to ascribe the isolates used in this study to the appropriate genomovar. Immersion challenge experiments (15 min immersion exposure to similar to 5 x 10(5) to 1 x 10(6) CFU/mL) were carried out to assess virulence of genomovar I and II isolates to channel catfish. The results demonstrated that genomovar 11 (n = 4) isolates were significantly (P < 0.05) more virulent to channel catfish fry (92-100% mortality) than genomovar I (n = 3) isolates (0-46% mortality). In vivo adhesion of the genetically characterized E columnare also correlated (r(2) = 0.73) to increased mortality in the challenged fry. In fingerling channel catfish, significantly higher mortality (P < 0.05) resulted with genomovar II isolates ALM-05-182 and ALG-00-530 as compared to all the genomovar I isolates (n = 3). Mortality of genomovar II isolate BGFS-27 with similar to genomovar II isolate (ALG-00-530) and two genomovar I isolates (ALM-05-53 and 140). The results suggest that although both genomovars are present in the aquatic environment, genomovar II appears to be more pathogenic for channel catfish. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Shoemaker, C. A.; Klesius, P. H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Olivares-Fuster, O.; Arias, C. R.] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Shoemaker, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM cshoemaker@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 66 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD MAR 18 PY 2008 VL 127 IS 3-4 BP 353 EP 359 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.09.003 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 272BB UT WOS:000253831400014 PM 17964085 ER PT J AU Coates, BS Sumerford, DV Lewis, LC AF Coates, Brad S. Sumerford, Douglas V. Lewis, Leslie C. TI Segregation of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, aminopeptidase 1, cadherin, and bre5-like alleles, from a colony resistant to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab toxins, are not associated with F-2 larval weights when fed a diet containing Cry1Ab SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ostrinia nubilalis; single nucleotide polymorphism ID HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS LEPIDOPTERA; BRUSH-BORDER MEMBRANE; MANDUCA-SEXTA; INSECTICIDAL PROTEIN; SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS; HUBNER LEPIDOPTERA; SEQUENCE VARIATION; PINK-BOLLWORM; GENETIC-BASIS; TRYPSIN-LIKE AB Protein receptors may be required for activated Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins (Cry1Ab) to bind midgut epithelium prior to pore formation. Single nucleotide polymorphism markers from two Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) midgut peptide receptors, cadherin (OnCad), aminopeptidase N1 (OnAPN1), and OnBre5 (Onb3GalT5; a beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase family 5 member) were used to examine segregation in F-2 families derived from paired matings of Cry1Ab-resistant females and Cry1Ab-susceptible males. Genotypic frequencies for these markers did not deviate from Mendelian expectations. Analysis of F-2 larvae indicate the segregation of single nucleotide pores in OnAPN1, OnBre5 (Onb3GalT5), and OnCad marker loci were independent of the segregation of log(10) weights of larvae feeding on Cry1Ab diet. C1 [Coates, Brad S.; Sumerford, Douglas V.; Lewis, Leslie C.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Sumerford, Douglas V.; Lewis, Leslie C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Coates, BS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM coates@iastate.edu NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD MAR 17 PY 2008 VL 8 AR 21 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 275VK UT WOS:000254100000001 ER PT J AU Powell, M Scott, A Ebel, E AF Powell, Mark Scott, Aaron Ebel, Eric TI Analyzing BSE surveillance in low prevalence countries SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE bovine spongiform encephalopathy; prevalence; surveillance; risk assessment ID RISK ASSESSMENTS; VARIABILITY; UNCERTAINTY AB If the prevalence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) varies among cohorts within a population, stratified analysis of BSE surveillance data may allow identification of differences in BSE exposure that are important with respect to the design and evaluation of disease prevention and control measures. In low BSE prevalence populations, however, surveillance at levels that meet or exceed international guidelines may provide insufficient statistical power to distinguish prevalence levels among cohorts. Furthermore, over-stratification to account for hypothetical variability in the population may inflate uncertainty in BSE risk estimates. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Powell, Mark] USDA ARS, Off Risk Assessment & Cost Benefit Anal, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Scott, Aaron; Ebel, Eric] USDA ARS, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Powell, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Off Risk Assessment & Cost Benefit Anal, 1400 Independence Ave,SW,Rm 4032,MS 3811, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM mpowell@oce.usda.gov NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD MAR 17 PY 2008 VL 83 IS 3-4 BP 337 EP 346 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.09.003 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 275YT UT WOS:000254109000010 PM 17980447 ER PT J AU Wilson, GV Cullum, RF Romkens, MJM AF Wilson, G. V. Cullum, R. F. Roemkens, M. J. M. TI Ephemeral gully erosion by preferential flow through a discontinuous soil-pipe SO CATENA LA English DT Article DE ephemeral gully; erosion; mass wasting; preferential flow; soil-pipes ID SEEPAGE EROSION; SEDIMENT; REGION AB Subsurface flow through soil-pipes can contribute to ephemeral gully erosion but these soil-pipes are cut-off when tillage fills in the gully. The objective was to determine the effect of flow through discontinuous soil-pipes on ephemeral gully erosion. Experiments were conducted on 150 cm long by 100 cm wide soil beds with an artificial soil-pipe at the upper end that extended 50 cm into the soil immediately above a water-restricting horizon. The combination of rainfall with pipe flow produced extensive (63 kg) soil losses by mass wasting. The mode of mass wasting appeared to be sudden, cataclysmic pop-out failures. Total soil loss by sheet erosion with rainfall and pipe flow combined (13.6 kg) was four times higher than by rainfall alone (3.4 kg). Under rainfall with pipe flow, soil loss by mass wasting was nearly 20 times higher than sheet erosion from rainfall alone. Soil conservation practices that treat surface runoff process alone may be ineffective if subsurface flow is contributing. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wilson, G. V.; Cullum, R. F.; Roemkens, M. J. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Wilson, GV (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, 598 McElroy Dr, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM gvwilson@ars.usda.gov; rcullum@ars.usda.gov; mromkens@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD MAR 15 PY 2008 VL 73 IS 1 BP 98 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2007.09.008 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 286ES UT WOS:000254829300009 ER PT J AU Guber, AK Gish, TJ Pachepsky, YA Van Genuchten, MT Daughtry, CST Nicholson, TJ Cady, RE AF Guber, A. K. Gish, T. J. Pachepsky, Y. A. Van Genuchten, M. T. Daughtry, C. S. T. Nicholson, T. J. Cady, R. E. TI Temporal stability in soil water content patterns across agricultural fields SO CATENA LA English DT Article DE temporal stability; multisensor capacitance probe; soil water content; spatial pattern; upscaling; measurement frequency ID PROBABILITY DENSITY-FUNCTION; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; POINT MEASUREMENTS; FLOW PATHWAYS; MOISTURE; VARIABILITY; PERSISTENCE; SCALE; TIME; STORAGE AB When a field or a small watershed is repeatedly surveyed for soil water content, locations can often be identified where soil water contents are either consistently larger or consistently less than the study area average. This phenomenon has been called temporal stability, time stability, temporal persistence, or rank stability in spatial patterns of soil water contents. Temporal stability is of considerable interest in terms of facilitating upscaling of observed soil water contents to obtain average values across the observation area, improving soil water monitoring strategies, and correcting the monitoring results for missing data. The objective of this work was to contribute to the existing knowledge base on temporal stability in soil water patterns using frequent multi-depth measurements with Multisensor Capacitance Probes (MCPs) installed in a coarse-texture soil under multi-year corn production. Water contents at 10, 30, 50, and 80 cm depths were measured every 10 min for 20 months of continuous observation from May 200 1 to December 2002. The MCPs revealed temporal stability in soil water content patterns. Temporal stability was found to increase with depth. The statistical hypothesis could not be rejected (P<0.0001) that data collected each 10 min, each 2 h, each day, and each week had the same temporal stability. The locations that were best for estimating the average water contents were different for different depths. The best three locations for the whole observation period were the same as the best locations for a month of observations in about 60% of the cases. Temporal stability for a specific location and depth could serve as a good predictor of the utility of this location for estimating the area-average soil water content for that depth. Temporal stability could be efficiently used to correct area-average water contents for missing data. Soil water contents can be upscaled and efficiently monitored using the temporal stability of soil water content patterns. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Guber, A. K.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Gish, T. J.] USDA, ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pachepsky, Y. A.] USDA, ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Van Genuchten, M. T.] USDA, ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. [Nicholson, T. J.; Cady, R. E.] US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, US NRC ORR, Rockville, MD USA. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), USDA ARS, BA ANRI EMSL, 173 Powder Mill Rd,BARC EAST, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ypachepsky@anri.barc.usda.gov RI van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013; OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858; Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 39 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 5 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD MAR 15 PY 2008 VL 73 IS 1 BP 125 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2007.09.010 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 286ES UT WOS:000254829300012 ER PT J AU Rath, BA Register, KB Wall, J Sokol, DM Van Dyke, RB AF Rath, Barbara A. Register, Karen B. Wall, Jeffrey Sokol, Dawn M. Van Dyke, Russell B. TI Persistent Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia in an immunocompetent infant and genetic comparison of clinical isolates with kennel cough vaccine strains SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID PERTUSSIS; PERTACTIN; PARAPERTUSSIS; INFECTIONS; VARIANTS AB An infant who experienced recurrent episodes of respiratory failure received a diagnosis of pertussis on the basis of immunofluorescence testing, but culture revealed macrolide-resistant Bordetella bronchiseptica. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the child was not infected with a kennel cough vaccine strain, although the family's dog had recently been vaccinated. The infection cleared with imipenem therapy. C1 [Rath, Barbara A.; Van Dyke, Russell B.] Tulane Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Wall, Jeffrey] Louisiana State Univ, Med Ctr, Med Microbiol Lab, New Orleans, LA USA. [Register, Karen B.] Ochsner Hosp Children, New Orleans, LA USA. [Register, Karen B.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Resp Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Rath, BA (reprint author), Med Univ Vienna, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol & Intens Care, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. EM Barbara.Rath@gmail.com NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2008 VL 46 IS 6 BP 905 EP 908 DI 10.1086/528858 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 266RD UT WOS:000253453800021 PM 18260750 ER PT J AU Sun, XQ He, ZQ Kabrick, J AF Sun, Xiaoqian He, Zhuoqiong Kabrick, John TI Bayesian spatial prediction of the site index in the study of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project SO COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS & DATA ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID INFERENCE AB This paper presents a Bayesian spatial method for analysing the site index data from the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project (MOFEP). Based on ecological background and availability, we select three variables, the aspect class, the soil depth and the land type association as covariates for analysis. To allow great flexibility of the smoothness of the random field, we choose the Matern family as the correlation function. We adopt the reference prior as an appropriate prior because there is no previous knowledge of the parameters in the model. An efficient algorithm based on the generalized Ratio-of-Uniforms method is developed for the posterior simulation. One advantage of the algorithm is that it generates independent samples from the required posterior distribution, which is much more efficient for both statistical inference of the parameters and prediction of the site indexes at unsampled locations. Our results show that the aspect class and the soil depth are both significant while the land type association is less significant. The model validation is briefly discussed. In addition, our simulation method allows easy realization for computing quantities from the posterior predictive distributions. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Xiaoqian] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [He, Zhuoqiong] Univ Missouri, Dept Stat, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kabrick, John] US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Sun, XQ (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM xsun@clemson.edu NR 32 TC 1 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9473 J9 COMPUT STAT DATA AN JI Comput. Stat. Data Anal. PD MAR 15 PY 2008 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3749 EP 3764 DI 10.1016/j.csda.2007.12.019 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 290TU UT WOS:000255145900033 ER PT J AU Luthria, DL AF Luthria, Devanand L. TI Influence of experimental conditions on the extraction of phenolic compounds from parsley (Petroselinum crispum) flakes using a pressurized liquid extractor SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Petroselinum crispum; sample preparation; extraction temperature; extraction pressure; particle size; flush volume; static time; solid-to-solvent ratio; pressurized liquid extraction; phenolic compounds ID SAMPLE PREPARATION; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; FRENCH PARADOX; HEART-DISEASE; FLAVONOIDS; ACIDS; ALCOHOL; FOODS AB The influence of six pressurized liquid extraction parameters (temperature, pressure, particle size, flush volume, static time, and solid-to-solvent ratio) on the extraction of phenolic compounds from parsley flakes was examined. Parsley extracts were analyzed for their phenolic content by high performance liquid chromatography and Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The two major phenolic compounds extracted from parsley flakes were identified as apiin and malonyl-apiin. Particle size, solid-to-solvent ratio, and temperature influenced the amount of phenolic compounds extracted from parsley flakes. Higher extraction yields of phenolic compounds were obtained when extractions were performed with the smallest particle size (<0.425 mm) fraction. Temperature also showed a significant impact on the phenolic profile of the parsley extracts. The yield of malonyl-apiin decreased, while the amount of acetyl-apiin improved with the increase in extraction temperature. The latter compound (acetyl-apiin) is formed by decarboxylation of malonyl-apiin. The yield of the phenolic compounds did not increase proportionately with the increase in sample size, thereby suggesting that it is essential to have optimum solid-to-solvent ratio for accurate estimation of bioactive phytochemicals in foods. Flush volume did not show any major influence on phenolic yields, but it can be manipulated to reduce usage of extraction solvents, which in turn decreases solvent waste disposal costs generated after extraction. Similarly, changes in the static time (extraction time per cycle) and pressure did not result in any significant change in the yield of phenolic compounds extracted from parsley samples. However, sample throughput can be increased significantly by reducing static time. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA, ARS, BARC E, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr,Food Composit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Luthria, DL (reprint author), USDA, ARS, BARC E, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr,Food Composit Lab, Room 202,B Bldg 161,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM D.luthria@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD MAR 15 PY 2008 VL 107 IS 2 BP 745 EP 752 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.08.074 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 242XV UT WOS:000251760400022 ER PT J AU Lewis, SA Robichaud, PR Frazier, BE Wu, JQ Laes, DYM AF Lewis, Sarah A. Robichaud, Peter R. Frazier, Bruce E. Wu, Joan Q. Laes, Denise Y. M. TI Using hyperspectral imagery to predict post-wildfire soil water repellency SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE burn severity; ash; water repellent soils; Hayman Fire; remote sensing ID BURN SEVERITY; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SANDY SOIL; FIRE; VEGETATION; FRACTIONS; COLORADO; FORESTS; AVIRIS AB A principal task of evaluating large wildfires is to assess fire's effect on the soil in order to predict the potential watershed response. Two types of soil water repellency tests, the water drop penetration time (WDPT) test and the mini-disk infiltrometer (MDI) test, were performed after the Hayman Fire in Colorado, in the summer of 2002 to assess the infiltration potential of the soil. Remotely sensed hyperspectral imagery was also collected to map post-wildfire ground cover and soil condition. Detailed ground cover measurements were collected to validate the remotely sensed imagery and to examine the relationship between ground cover and soil water repellency. Percent ash cover measured on the ground was significantly correlated to WDPT (r=0.42; p-value <0.0001), and the MDI test (r=-0.37; p-value<0.0001). A Mixture Tuned Matched Filter (MTMF) spectral unmixing algorithm was applied to the hyperspectral imagery, which produced fractional cover maps of ash, soil, and scorched and green vegetation. The remotely sensed ash image had significant correlations to the water repellency tests, WDPT (r= 0.24; p-value = 0.001), and the MDI test (r = -0.21; p-value = 0.005). An iterative threshold analysis was also applied to the ash and water repellency data to evaluate the relationship at increasingly higher levels of ash cover. Regression analysis between the means of grouped data: MDI time vs. ash cover data (R(2)=0.75) and vs. Ash MTMF scores (R(2)=0.63) yielded significantly stronger relationships. From these results we found on-the-ground ash cover greater than 49% and remotely sensed ash cover greater than 33% to be indicative of strongly water repellent soils. Combining these results with geostatistical analyses indicated a spatial autocorrelation range of 15 to 40 m. Image pixels with high ash cover (>33%). including pixels within 15 m of these pixel patches, were used to create a likelihood map of soil water repellency. This map is a good indicator of areas where soil experienced severe fire effects-areas that likely have strong water repellent soil conditions and higher potential for post-fire erosion. Published by Elsevier B.V.. C1 [Lewis, Sarah A.; Robichaud, Peter R.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Frazier, Bruce E.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wu, Joan Q.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Laes, Denise Y. M.] USDA, Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. RP Lewis, SA (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM sarahlewis@fs.fed.us; probichaud@fs.fed.us; bfrazier@wsu.edu; jwu@wsu.edu; dymlaes@fs.fed.us NR 46 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD MAR 15 PY 2008 VL 95 IS 3-4 BP 192 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.06.002 PG 14 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 278TA UT WOS:000254308000006 ER PT J AU Hadidi, S Glenney, GW Welch, TJ Silverstein, JT Wiens, GD AF Hadidi, Sima Glenney, Gavin W. Welch, Timothy J. Silverstein, Jeffrey T. Wiens, Gregory D. TI Spleen size predicts resistance of rainbow trout to Flavobacterium psychrophilum challenge SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS WALBAUM; SPLENIC MARGINAL ZONE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; SALMO-GAIRDNERI; PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION; FRY SYNDROME; ONCHORYNCHUS-MYKISS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; YERSINIA-RUCKERI AB Selective breeding of animals for increased innate resistance offers an attractive strategy to control disease in agriculture. However, this approach is limited by an incomplete knowledge of the heritability, duration, and mechanism(s) of resistance, as well as the impact of selection on the immune response to unrelated pathogens. Herein, as part of a rainbow trout broodstock improvement program, we evaluated factors involved in resistance against a bacterial disease agent, Flavobacterium psychrophilum. In 2005, 71 full-sibling crosses, weighing an average of 2.4 g, were screened, and resistant and susceptible crosses were identified. Naive cohorts were evaluated at 10 and 800 g in size, and most maintained their original relative resistant or susceptible phenotypes, indicating that these traits were stable as size increased >300-fold. During the course of these studies, we observed that the normalized spleen weights of the resistant fish crosses were greater than those of the susceptible fish crosses. To test for direct association, we determined the spleen-somatic index of 103 fish crosses; created high, medium, and low spleen-index groups; and determined survival following challenge with F. psychrophilum or Yersinia ruckeri. Consistent with our previous observations, trout with larger spleen indices were significantly more resistant to F. psychrophilum challenge; however, this result was pathogen-specific, as there was no correlation of spleen size with survival following Y. ruckeri challenge. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a positive association between spleen size and disease resistance in a teleost fish. Further evaluation of spleen index as an indirect measure of disease resistance is warranted. C1 [Hadidi, Sima; Glenney, Gavin W.; Welch, Timothy J.; Silverstein, Jeffrey T.; Wiens, Gregory D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Wiens, GD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM greg.wiens@ars.usda.gov OI Wiens, Gregory/0000-0002-5478-7780 NR 72 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 15 PY 2008 VL 180 IS 6 BP 4156 EP 4165 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 324GS UT WOS:000257506600065 PM 18322227 ER PT J AU Bannantine, JP Rosu, V Zanetti, S Rocca, S Ahmed, N Sechi, LA AF Bannantine, John P. Rosu, Valentina Zanetti, Stefania Rocca, Stefano Ahmed, Niyaz Sechi, Leonardo A. TI Antigenic profiles of recombinant proteins from Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in sheep with Johne's disease SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis; Johne's disease; sheep; antigens ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; FECAL CULTURE; CROHNS-DISEASE; DIAGNOSIS; CATTLE; ELISA; POLYMORPHISMS; SPECIFICITY; INFECTION; SEQUENCES AB Methods to improve the ELISA test to detect Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis have been explored over several years. Previously, selected recombinant proteins of M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis were found to be immunogenic in cattle with Johne's disease. In the present study, antibody responses of infected and healthy sheep were evaluated using 18 purified recombinant proteins in an ELISA-based format for the serodiagnosis of ovine paratuberculosis. These selected recombinant proteins represent heat shock proteins, hypothetical proteins and cell surface proteins of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Whereas, Map0862 (a gene uniquely present in M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis) and Map3786 encoded protein solicited the strongest antibody response in infected sheep. The protein encoded by Map2116c showed the weakest antibody response among the animals tested. Although none of the recombinant proteins detected all 11 infected sheep singly, antibodies to Map0862 were detected in 9 of 11 (81%) infected sheep. Furthermore, ovine responses to these selected antigens were assessed temporally over the course of 1 year during which we found a spiking effect rather than an incremental increase of antibody reactivity. This study evaluated multiple M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis recombinant proteins in an ELISA-based format for sheep. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rosu, Valentina; Zanetti, Stefania; Sechi, Leonardo A.] Univ Sassari, Sez Microbiol Sperimentale & Clin, Dipartimento Sci Biomed, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Bannantine, John P.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Zanetti, Stefania; Ahmed, Niyaz; Sechi, Leonardo A.] ISOGEM Collaborat Network Tubercle Bacilli, Sassari, Italy. [Rocca, Stefano] Univ Sassari, Ist Patol Gen Anat Patol & Clin Ostetrico Chirurg, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Ahmed, Niyaz] Ctr DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnost, Pathogen Evolut Grp, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. RP Sechi, LA (reprint author), Univ Sassari, Sez Microbiol Sperimentale & Clin, Dipartimento Sci Biomed, Viale S Pietro 43-B, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. EM sechila@uniss.it RI khan, raja/B-5726-2012; pasuvalingam, visha/B-5717-2012; OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898; sechi, leonardo antonio/0000-0003-0566-2049 NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD MAR 15 PY 2008 VL 122 IS 1-2 BP 116 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.10.020 PG 10 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 285GT UT WOS:000254766000013 PM 18079002 ER PT J AU Langner, KFA Darpel, KE Drolet, BS Fischer, A Hampel, S Heselhaus, JE Mellor, PS Mertens, PPC Leibold, W AF Langner, Kathrin F. A. Darpel, Karin E. Drolet, Barbara S. Fischer, Angelika Hampel, Stefan Heselhaus, Julia E. Mellor, Philip S. Mertens, Peter P. C. Leibold, Wolfgang TI Comparison of cellular and humoral immunoassays for the assessment of summer eczema in horses SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Culicoides spp; equine; summer eczema; skin testing; histamine release test; serological testing ID BITE DERMAL HYPERSENSITIVITY; MEMBRANE FEEDING TECHNIQUE; ALLERGEN-SPECIFIC IGE; SWEET ITCH; ICELANDIC HORSES; CULICOIDES-VARIIPENNIS; INTRADERMAL CHALLENGE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; HEAVY-CHAIN; EQUINE IGE AB The objective of this study was to compare and analyze three common diagnostic methods for summer eczema (SE) in horses, an allergic dermatitis caused by bites of Culicoides spp. Nine horses with a medical history of SE and nine control animals were intradermally challenged with whole. body extracts (WBE) and the saliva of a native (C. nubeculosus) and exotic (C. sonorensis) Culicoides species. Blood and serum samples of the horses were examined for basophil reactivity by a histamine release test (HRT) and for Culicoides-specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and G (IgG) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of intradermal testing (IDT) at 30 min (immediate reactivity) and 4 h (late-phase reactivity) post challenge with most insect preparations revealed significant differences between horses with and without SE. Overall, the HRT showed the most accurate results with a sensitivity of 1.00 for all Culicoides preparations and specificities of 0.78 (WBE) and 1.00 (saliva). By contrast, delayed reactions of the IDT (24 h), and levels of Culicoides-specific IgE and IgG in the native serum showed little or no distinction between allergic and non-allergic horses. However, the use of purified serum IgE and IgG indicated the possibility for elevated titers of insect-specific serum immunoglobulins in horses with SE. The IDT and HRT did not reveal obvious differences in onset and intensity of positive reactions for the native verses exotic Culicoides species, whereas the ELISA showed slightly higher numbers of positive reactions for serum IgG with the indigenous species. Saliva, as compared to WBE, was found to have improved sensitivity and/or specificity for the HRT and for the late-phase immune reactions as measured by the IDT. Overall, the results indicate that allergy tests utilizing effector cells (mast cells, basophils) are more accurate in diagnosing SE in horses than serological analysis by ELISA. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Langner, Kathrin F. A.; Fischer, Angelika; Hampel, Stefan; Heselhaus, Julia E.; Leibold, Wolfgang] Univ Vet Med, Immunol Unit, D-30173 Hannover, Germany. [Darpel, Karin E.; Mellor, Philip S.; Mertens, Peter P. C.] Inst Food Res, Inst Anim Hlth, Pirbright Lab, Woking GU24 0NF, Surrey, England. [Drolet, Barbara S.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Langner, KFA (reprint author), Univ Vet Med, Immunol Unit, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany. EM kathrin.langner@tiho-hannover.de OI Darpel, Karin/0000-0002-1488-3233; Mertens, Peter/0000-0002-3438-3738 NR 42 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD MAR 15 PY 2008 VL 122 IS 1-2 BP 126 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.11.001 PG 12 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 285GT UT WOS:000254766000014 PM 18155778 ER PT J AU Garcia, M Peters-Lidard, CD Goodrich, DC AF Garcia, Matthew Peters-Lidard, Christa D. Goodrich, David C. TI Spatial interpolation of precipitation in a dense gauge network for monsoon storm events in the southwestern United States SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; NORTH-AMERICAN MONSOON; MULTIQUADRIC INTERPOLATION; ALPINE PRECIPITATION; RAINFALL VARIABILITY; HIGH-RESOLUTION; POINT RAINFALL; UNCERTAINTY; MODEL; SCALE AB Inaccuracy in spatially distributed precipitation fields can contribute significantly to the uncertainty of hydrological states and fluxes estimated from land surface models. This paper examines the results of selected interpolation methods for both convective and mixed/stratiform events that occurred during the North American monsoon season over a dense gauge network at the U. S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in the southwestern United States. The spatial coefficient of variation for the precipitation field is employed as an indicator of event morphology, and a gauge clustering factor CF is formulated as a new, scale-independent measure of network organization. We consider that CF < 0 ( a more distributed gauge network) will produce interpolation errors by reduced resolution of the precipitation field and that CF > 0 ( clustering in the gauge network) will produce errors because of reduced areal representation of the precipitation field. Spatial interpolation is performed using both inverse-distance-weighted (IDW) and multiquadric-biharmonic (MQB) methods. We employ ensembles of randomly selected network subsets for the statistical evaluation of interpolation errors in comparison with the observed precipitation. The magnitude of interpolation errors and differences in accuracy between interpolation methods depend on both the density and the geometrical organization of the gauge network. Generally, MQB methods outperform IDW methods in terms of interpolation accuracy under all conditions, but it is found that the order of the IDW method is important to the results and may, under some conditions, be just as accurate as the MQB method. In almost all results it is demonstrated that the inverse-distance-squared method for spatial interpolation, commonly employed in operational analyses and for engineering assessments, is inferior to the ID- cubed method, which is also more computationally efficient than the MQB method in studies of large networks. C1 [Garcia, Matthew] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Good Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Garcia, Matthew; Peters-Lidard, Christa D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Goodrich, David C.] ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Garcia, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Good Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. EM matthew.garcia@nasa.gov RI Goodrich, David/B-1763-2009; Garcia, Matthew/K-9286-2013; Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012 OI Goodrich, David/0000-0001-7735-1448; Garcia, Matthew/0000-0002-9637-4204; Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876 NR 63 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR 15 PY 2008 VL 44 IS 5 AR W05S13 DI 10.1029/2006WR005788 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 276UZ UT WOS:000254170300001 ER PT J AU Angelo, G Lamon-Fava, S Sonna, LA Lindauer, ML Wood, RJ AF Angelo, Giana Lamon-Fava, Stefania Sonna, Larry A. Lindauer, Meghan L. Wood, Richard J. TI Heat shock protein 90 beta: A novel mediator of vitamin D action SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE heat shock protein 90; Hsp90 beta; vitamin D; vitamin D receptor; steroid hormone; Caco-2 ID HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; D-RECEPTOR; CALCIUM-ABSORPTION; CHAPERONE; HSP90; EXPRESSION; TRANSACTIVATION; ASSOCIATION; FAMILY; CELLS AB We investigated the role of Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in vitamin D action in Caco-2 cells using geldanamycin (GA) to block Hsp90 function and RNA interference to reduce Hsp90 beta expression. When cells were exposed to GA, vitamin D-mediated gene expression and transcriptional activity were inhibited by 69% and 54%, respectively. Gel shift analysis indicated that GA reduced vitamin D-mediated DNA binding activity of the vitamin D receptor (VDR). We tested the specific role of Hsp90 beta by knocking down its expression with stably expressed short hairpin RNA. Vitamin D-induced gene expression and transcriptional activity were reduced by 90% and 80%, respectively, in Hsp90 beta-deficient cells. Nuclear protein for VDR and RXR alpha, its heterodimer partner, were not reduced in Hsp90 beta-deficient cells, These findings indicate that Hsp90 beta is needed for optimal vitamin D responsiveness in the enterocyte and demonstrate a specific role for Hsp90 beta in VDR signaling. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Angelo, Giana; Lamon-Fava, Stefania; Lindauer, Meghan L.; Wood, Richard J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Min Bioavailabil Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Angelo, Giana; Lindauer, Meghan L.; Wood, Richard J.] Min Bioavailabil Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lamon-Fava, Stefania] Lipid Metabol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Sonna, Larry A.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Sonna, Larry A.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Angelo, G (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, 1100 Fairview Ave N B2-152, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM gangelo@fbcrc.org NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAR 14 PY 2008 VL 367 IS 3 BP 578 EP 583 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.12.179 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 260LY UT WOS:000253013000011 PM 18182164 ER PT J AU Han, JD Heaven, MC Schnupf, U Alexander, MH AF Han, Jiande Heaven, Michael C. Schnupf, Udo Alexander, Millard H. TI Experimental and theoretical studies of the CN-Ar van der Waals complex SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; ELECTRONICALLY INELASTIC-COLLISIONS; JET-EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; AB-INITIO; NONADIABATIC PREDISSOCIATION; RELAXATION DYNAMICS; SMALL MOLECULES; STATE; TRANSITION; HELIUM AB The CN-Ar van der Waals complex has been observed using the B (2)Sigma(+)-X (2)Sigma(+) and A (2)Pi-X (2)Sigma(+) electronic transitions. The spectra yield a dissociation energy of D(0)"=102 +/- 2 cm(-1) and a zero-point rotational constant of B(0)"=0.067 +/- 0.005 cm(-1) for CN(X)-Ar. The dissociation energy for CN(A)-Ar was found to be D(0)'=125 +/- 2 cm(-1). Transitions to vibrationally excited levels of CN(B)-Ar dominated the B-X spectrum, indicative of substantial differences in the intermolecular potential energy surfaces (PESs) for the X and B states. Ab initio PESs were calculated for the X and B states. These were used to predict rovibrational energy levels and van der Waals bond energies (D(0)'=115 and D(0)'=183 cm(-1)). The results for the X state were in reasonably good agreement with the experimental data. Spectral simulations based on the ab initio potentials yielded qualitative insights concerning the B-X spectrum, but the level of agreement was not sufficient to permit vibronic assignment. Electronic predissociation was observed for both CN(A)-Ar and CN(B)-Ar. The process leading to the production of CN(A,nu=8,9) fragments from the predissociation of CN(B,nu=0)-Ar was characterized using time-resolved fluorescence and optical-optical double resonance measurements. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Han, Jiande; Heaven, Michael C.] Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Schnupf, Udo] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, PPL, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Alexander, Millard H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Alexander, Millard H.] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Heaven, MC (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Chem, 1515 Pierce Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM heaven@euch4e.chem.emory.edu; mha@umd.edu RI Schnupf, Udo/H-4703-2016 OI Schnupf, Udo/0000-0002-1457-1985 NR 48 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 14 PY 2008 VL 128 IS 10 AR 104308 DI 10.1063/1.2834932 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 274TV UT WOS:000254025300021 PM 18345889 ER PT J AU Mulholland, PJ Helton, AM Poole, GC Hall, RO Hamilton, SK Peterson, BJ Tank, JL Ashkenas, LR Cooper, LW Dahm, CN Dodds, WK Findlay, SEG Gregory, SV Grimm, NB Johnson, SL McDowell, WH Meyer, JL Valett, HM Webster, JR Arango, CP Beaulieu, JJ Bernot, MJ Burgin, AJ Crenshaw, CL Johnson, LT Niederlehner, BR O'Brien, JM Potter, JD Sheibley, RW Sobota, DJ Thomas, SM AF Mulholland, Patrick J. Helton, Ashley M. Poole, Geoffrey C. Hall, Robert O., Jr. Hamilton, Stephen K. Peterson, Bruce J. Tank, Jennifer L. Ashkenas, Linda R. Cooper, Lee W. Dahm, Clifford N. Dodds, Walter K. Findlay, Stuart E. G. Gregory, Stanley V. Grimm, Nancy B. Johnson, Sherri L. McDowell, William H. Meyer, Judy L. Valett, H. Maurice Webster, Jackson R. Arango, Clay P. Beaulieu, Jake J. Bernot, Melody J. Burgin, Amy J. Crenshaw, Chelsea L. Johnson, Laura T. Niederlehner, B. R. O'Brien, Jonathan M. Potter, Jody D. Sheibley, Richard W. Sobota, Daniel J. Thomas, Suzanne M. TI Stream denitrification across biomes and its response to anthropogenic nitrate loading SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID NORTHEASTERN USA; NITROGEN; WATERSHEDS; CONSEQUENCES; METABOLISM; OCEAN; RIVER; LAND; SIZE; FLUX AB Anthropogenic addition of bioavailable nitrogen to the biosphere is increasing(1,2) and terrestrial ecosystems are becoming increasingly nitrogen- saturated(3), causing more bioavailable nitrogen to enter groundwater and surface waters(4-6). Large- scale nitrogen budgets show that an average of about 20 - 25 per cent of the nitrogen added to the biosphere is exported from rivers to the ocean or inland basins(7,8), indicating that substantial sinks for nitrogen must exist in the landscape(9). Streams and rivers may themselves be important sinks for bioavailable nitrogen owing to their hydrological connections with terrestrial systems, high rates of biological activity, and streambed sediment environments that favour microbial denitrification(6,10,11). Here we present data from nitrogen stable isotope tracer experiments across 72 streams and 8 regions representing several biomes. We show that total biotic uptake and denitrification of nitrate increase with stream nitrate concentration, but that the efficiency of biotic uptake and denitrification declines as concentration increases, reducing the proportion of in- stream nitrate that is removed from transport. Our data suggest that the total uptake of nitrate is related to ecosystem photosynthesis and that denitrification is related to ecosystem respiration. In addition, we use a stream network model to demonstrate that excess nitrate in streams elicits a disproportionate increase in the fraction of nitrate that is exported to receiving waters and reduces the relative role of small versus large streams as nitrate sinks. C1 [Mulholland, Patrick J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mulholland, Patrick J.; Cooper, Lee W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Helton, Ashley M.; Poole, Geoffrey C.; Meyer, Judy L.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Poole, Geoffrey C.] Ecometr Inc, Tucker, GA 30084 USA. [Hall, Robert O., Jr.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Hamilton, Stephen K.; Burgin, Amy J.; O'Brien, Jonathan M.] Michigan State Univ, Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Peterson, Bruce J.; Thomas, Suzanne M.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Tank, Jennifer L.; Arango, Clay P.; Beaulieu, Jake J.; Johnson, Laura T.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Ashkenas, Linda R.; Gregory, Stanley V.; Sobota, Daniel J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dahm, Clifford N.; Crenshaw, Chelsea L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Dodds, Walter K.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Findlay, Stuart E. G.] Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Grimm, Nancy B.; Sheibley, Richard W.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Johnson, Sherri L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McDowell, William H.; Potter, Jody D.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Valett, H. Maurice; Webster, Jackson R.; Niederlehner, B. R.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Bernot, Melody J.] Ball State Univ, Dept Biol, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. RP Mulholland, PJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mulhollandpj@ornl.gov RI McDowell, William/E-9767-2010; Burgin, Amy/C-1528-2010; Mulholland, Patrick/C-3142-2012; Cooper, Lee/E-5251-2012; O'Brien, Jonathan/G-6786-2012; Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009; Burgin, Amy/G-7444-2014; OI McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047; Burgin, Amy/0000-0001-8489-4002; Cooper, Lee/0000-0001-7734-8388; Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Burgin, Amy/0000-0001-8489-4002; Sheibley, Richard/0000-0003-1627-8536; Poole, Geoffrey/0000-0002-8458-0203 NR 32 TC 472 Z9 492 U1 24 U2 369 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 13 PY 2008 VL 452 IS 7184 BP 202 EP U46 DI 10.1038/nature06686 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 273JG UT WOS:000253925600037 PM 18337819 ER PT J AU Lopez, MI Pettis, JS Smith, IB Chu, PS AF Lopez, Mayda I. Pettis, Jeffery S. Smith, I. Barton Chu, Pak-Sin TI Multiclass determination and confirmation of antibiotic residues in honey using LC-MS/MS SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE antibiotics; honey; multiclass; multiresidue; LC-MS/MS ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SULFONAMIDES; FUMAGILLIN; MS AB A multiclass method has been developed for the determination and confirmation in honey of tetracyclines (chlortetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, and tetracycline), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, difloxacin, enrofloxacin, and sarafloxacin), macrolides (tylosin), lincosamides (lincomycin), aminoglycosides (streptomycin), sulfonamides (sulfathiazole), phenicols (chloramphenicol), and fumagillin residues using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS). Erythromycin (a macrolide) and monensin (an ionophore) can be detected and confirmed but not quantitated. Honey samples (similar to 2 g) are dissolved in 10 mL of water and centrifuged. An aliquot of the supernatant is used to determine streptomycin. The remaining supernatant is filtered through a fine-mesh nylon fabric and cleaned up by solid phase extraction. After solvent evaporation and sample reconstitution, 15 antibiotics are assayed by LC-MS/MS using electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive ion mode. Afterward, chloramphenicol is assayed using ESI in negative ion mode. The method has been validated at the low part per billion levels for most of the drugs with accuracies between 65 and 104% and coefficients of variation less than 17%. The evaluation of matrix effects caused by honey of different floral origin is presented. C1 [Lopez, Mayda I.; Chu, Pak-Sin] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Pettis, Jeffery S.; Smith, I. Barton] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lopez, MI (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, 8401 Muirkirk Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM mayda.lopez@fda.hhs.gov NR 16 TC 82 Z9 87 U1 3 U2 60 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 12 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1553 EP 1559 DI 10.1021/jf073236w PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 270NT UT WOS:000253728200005 PM 18257525 ER PT J AU Janarthanan, S Suresh, P Radke, G Morgan, TD Oppert, B AF Janarthanan, Sundaram Suresh, Palaniappan Radke, Gary Morgan, Thomas D. Oppert, Brenda TI Arcelins from an Indian wild pulse, Lablab purpureus, and insecticidal activity in storage pests SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE arcelin; Phaseolus spp; insecticidal proteins; bruchids ID CALLOSOBRUCHUS-MACULATUS COLEOPTERA; ALPHA-AMYLASE INHIBITOR; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; LECTIN-LIKE PROTEIN; SEED PROTEIN; BRUCHID BEETLE; COWPEA WEEVIL; BEAN WEEVIL; RESISTANCE; PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ AB A partially purified protein fraction was isolated from seed flour of the Indian wild bean, Lablab purpureus, by ion exchange and size-exclusion chromatographies. Partially purified L. purpureus proteins had hemagglutination and glycoslyation properties similar to those of lectins or lectin-like proteins from other pulses. Data obtained from two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, MALDI-TOF, and MALDI-TOF/TOF and N-terminal protein sequencing of the isolated polypeptides from L. purpureus demonstrated that the extract contained proteins similar to isoforms of arcelins 3 and 4 and pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PvPR1) of Phaseolus vulgaris. L. purpureus proteins were resistant to degradation by the commercial enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin and were moderately resistant to pepsin, but were readily hydrolyzed to smaller peptides by papain. Insect feeding bioassays of the extract with the storage pests Rhyzopertha dominica and Oryzaephilus surinamensis, internal and external feeders of grain, respectively, demonstrated that L. purpureus proteins at 2% in the diet resulted in retarded development. However, a 5% dose of the L. purpureus fraction resulted in complete mortality of all larvae in both species. This study has demonstrated that proteins in the partially purified L. purpureus extract have the potential to control storage pests in cereals transformed with L. purpureus defense-related genes, but the need for more studies regarding efficacy and safety is discussed. C1 [Morgan, Thomas D.; Oppert, Brenda] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Radke, Gary] Kansas State Univ, Biotechnol Core Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Janarthanan, Sundaram; Suresh, Palaniappan] Thiagarajar Coll Autonomous, Dept Zool, Thiagarajar Ctr Entomol Sci, Madurai 625009, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Oppert, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM bso@ksu.edu NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 12 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1676 EP 1682 DI 10.1021/jf071591g PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 270NT UT WOS:000253728200022 PM 18260629 ER PT J AU Wang, QQ Yates, SR AF Wang, Qiquan Yates, Scott R. TI Laboratory study of oxytetracycline degradation kinetics in animal manure and soil SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE oxytetracycline; antibiotic; degradation; soil; manure ID VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS; TETRACYCLINE; TYLOSIN; RESISTANCE; FATE; SULFADIMETHOXINE; METRONIDAZOLE; TEMPERATURE; ENVIRONMENT; OLAQUINDOX AB Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a major member of tetracyclines, which are widely administered to animals in confined feeding operations. To diminish the contamination of OTC in the environment, which results from the application of OTC-containing manure as fertilizer in agricultural lands, OTC degradation kinetics in manure and soil under laboratory aerobic conditions was investigated. OTC degradation kinetics was found to be described well by the previously developed availability-adjusted first-order model at all moistures and low temperatures (<= 25 degrees C). OTC degradation increased with increasing moisture from 60 to 100%. However, OTC became very persistent in water-saturated manure. Increasing temperature greatly accelerated OTC degradation, and thermal degradation became noticeable at high temperatures (>= 35 degrees C) in manure. At 25 degrees C, OTC half-life was determined to be 8.1 days in manure with moisture at 80%, 33 days in manure-amended soil (amendment ratio at 5%), and 56 days in non-amended soil with both moistures at 20%, demonstrating that OTC may become persistent in the environment once it is released from manure into soil. No pronounced effect of coexistent antibiotics on OTC degradation in manure was observed. C1 [Wang, Qiquan] Delaware State Univ, Dept Chem, Dover, DE 19901 USA. [Yates, Scott R.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Wang, QQ (reprint author), Delaware State Univ, Dept Chem, Dover, DE 19901 USA. EM qwang@desu.edu NR 28 TC 53 Z9 77 U1 4 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 12 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1683 EP 1688 DI 10.1021/jf072927p PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 270NT UT WOS:000253728200023 PM 18257526 ER PT J AU Mohan, S Ma, PWK Williams, WP Luthe, DS AF Mohan, Srinidi Ma, Peter W. K. Williams, W. Paul Luthe, Dawn S. TI A Naturally Occurring Plant Cysteine Protease Possesses Remarkable Toxicity against Insect Pests and Synergizes Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB When caterpillars feed on maize (Zea maize L.) lines with native resistance to several Lepidopteran pests, a defensive cysteine protease, Mir1-CP, rapidly accumulates at the wound site. Mir1-CP has been shown to inhibit caterpillar growth in vivo by attacking and permeabilizing the insect's peritrophic matrix (PM), a structure that surrounds the food bolus, assists in digestion and protects the midgut from microbes and toxins. PM permeabilization weakens the caterpillar defenses by facilitating the movement of other insecticidal proteins in the diet to the midgut microvilli and thereby enhancing their toxicity. To directly determine the toxicity of Mir1-CP, the purified recombinant enzyme was directly tested against four economically significant Lepidopteran pests in bioassays. Mir1-CP LC(50) values were 1.8, 3.6, 0.6, and 8.0 ppm for corn earworm, tobacco budworm, fall armyworm and southwestern corn borer, respectively. These values were the same order of magnitude as those determined for the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Bt-CryIIA. In addition to being directly toxic to the larvae, 60 ppb Mir1-CP synergized sublethal concentrations of Bt-CryIIA in all four species. Permeabilization of the PM by Mir1-CP probably provides ready access to Bt-binding sites on the midgut microvilli and increases its activity. Consequently, Mir1-CP could be used for controlling caterpillar pests in maize using non-transgenic approaches and potentially could be used in other crops either singly or in combination with Bt-toxins. C1 [Mohan, Srinidi; Ma, Peter W. K.] Mississippi State, Dept Entomol, Starkville, MS USA. [Williams, W. Paul] Mississippi State, USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resist Lab, Starkville, MS USA. [Luthe, Dawn S.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA USA. RP Mohan, S (reprint author), Mississippi State, Dept Entomol, Starkville, MS USA. EM DSL14@psu.edu FU National Science Foundation Awards [IBN-0131328, IOS-0641219] FX This research was funded by National Science Foundation Awards IBN-0131328 and IOS-0641219. NR 45 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 12 PY 2008 VL 3 IS 3 AR e1786 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0001786 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 369VW UT WOS:000260723000038 PM 18335057 ER PT J AU Wadsworth, FH Gonzalez, E AF Wadsworth, Frank H. Gonzalez, Edgardo TI Sustained mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) plantation heartwood increment SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Puerto Rico; Swietenia; mahogany; forest plantations; tree growth; heartwood increment AB in a search for an increment-based rotation for plantation mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King), heartwood volume per tree was regressed on DBH (trunk diameter outside bark at 1.4 m above the ground) and merchantable height measurements. We updated a previous study [Wadsworth, F.H., Gonzalez Gonzalez, E., Figuera Colon, J.C., Lugo Perez, J., 2003. Fifty-nine year performance of planted big-leaf mahogany (S. macrophylla King) in Puerto Rico. In: Lugo, A. Figueroa Colon, J.C., Alayon, M. (Eds.), Big-leaf Mahogany, Genetics, Ecology, and Management. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 343-357] and determined heartwood volume increment in a plantation between the 40th and 69th years. Although DBH growth rate declined with age, that for heartwood increased throughout the entire 69 years. This, with expected growing value per unit of heartwood volume with tree size, presents incentives for long rotations. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wadsworth, Frank H.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Gonzalez, Edgardo] Puerto Rico Dept Nat Resources & Environm, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Wadsworth, FH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Calle Ceiba 1201, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. EM fwadsworth@fs.fed.us NR 13 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 10 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 2 BP 320 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.053 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 273OX UT WOS:000253942200008 ER PT J AU Wightman, KE Ward, SE Haggar, JP Santiago, BR Cornelius, JP AF Wightman, Kevyn E. Ward, Sheila E. Haggar, Jeremy P. Rodriguez Santiago, Bartolo Cornelius, Jonathan P. TI Performance and genetic variation of big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) in provenance and progeny trials in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Hypsipyla grandella; genetic gain; tree domestication; tropical hardwoods ID ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; VARIANCE; HERITABILITIES; LEPIDOPTERA; PYRALIDAE; SELECTION; GENOTYPE; GROWTH; SPRUCE; PINE AB Stocks of the valuable big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) are declining, and trials for growth and pest resistance are needed to select material for plantations. Seeds were collected from 67 open-pollinated trees from five provenances in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico and planted in three provenance/progeny trials in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico, in order to characterize genetic variation in growth traits and for Hypsipyla resistance or recovery, and to assess the potential for genetic gain. Differentiation among provenances was found only for relative height growth rate (RHGR). The total years of apical attack by Hypsipyla grandella varied by a magnitude of 100% among families but showed little heritability. After 4 years, mean height per family ranged from 328 to 564 cm, 160 to 381 cm, and 253 to 390 cm at each site. Although heritabilities for height were too low for cross-site selection, sufficient heritability (h(I)(2) = 0.26), additive genetic coefficients of variation (AGCV = 22%), and type B genetic correlations (r(b(f)) = 0.74) for RHGR across the two sites with poorer growth indicated that this trait might be used as a surrogate. This would yield an estimated gain of about 17% for the best 15% of trees. At the site with better growth, there was sufficient heritability (h(I)(2) = 0.31) and AGCV (20%) for height at year 5 to obtain an estimated gain of 15% for the best 15% of trees. We suggest a selection strategy using the best germplasm from the best performing trial to exploit the resources on high quality sites, and the best material from the poorer sites for lower quality areas. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wightman, Kevyn E.] World Agroforestry Ctr ICRAF, Chetumal, Mexico. [Wightman, Kevyn E.] Trop Agr Res & Higher Educ Ctr CATIE, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Ward, Sheila E.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Haggar, Jeremy P.; Cornelius, Jonathan P.] Trop Agr Res & Higher Educ Ctr CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. [Rodriguez Santiago, Bartolo] INIFAP, Chetumal 77000, Mexico. RP Ward, SE (reprint author), Mahogany Future Inc, POB 21072, San Juan, PR 00928 USA. EM seward@caribe.net NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 10 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 2 BP 346 EP 355 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.056 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 273OX UT WOS:000253942200013 ER PT J AU Ward, SE Wightman, KE Santiago, BR AF Ward, Sheila E. Wightman, Kevyn E. Rodriguez Santiago, Bartolo TI Early results from genetic trials on the growth of Spanish cedar and its susceptibility to the shoot borer moth in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Cedrela odorata; Hypsipyla grandella; tree improvement; heritability; genetic gain; tropical hardwoods ID CEDRELA-ODORATA; ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; PERFORMANCE; HERITABILITIES; MESOAMERICA; PROVENANCES; LEPIDOPTERA; PARAMETERS; PYRALIDAE; GENOTYPE AB Cedrela odorata (Spanish cedar) is a neotropical broadleaf tree species that is in high demand for furniture and interior fittings. In 1998, seed collections were made from Spanish cedar in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, for genetic conservation and tree improvement projects. Progeny from these collections were established in genetic trials at Bacalar, Noh Bec, and Zoh Laguna in the Yucatan. Survival at 2 years was 73.5% at Bacalar, 72% at Noh Bee, but only 20% after 6 months for several replicates at Zoh Laguna. Mean 2-year height, number of years of Hypsipyla attack on apical shoots (over 2 or 3 years) and total branching over 2 years, were 1.3 m, 0.04 years, and 2.5 branches at Bacalar, and 1.9 m, 0.35 years, and 1.6 branches at Noh Bec. Selection of the three best provenances (Escarcega, Bacalar, and Calakmul) would result in an estimated cross-site gain of 8.6% in 2-year height. Within-provenance, cross-site heritabilities for 2-year height, shoot borer attack, and branching were 0.1 +/- 0.02, 0.0 +/- 0.02, and 0.0 0.02, respectively. Single-site heritabilities for height at 2 years, shoot borer attack, and branching were 0.09 +/- 0.05, 0.02 +/- 0.04. and 0.09 +/- 0.05 at Bacalar and 0.16 +/- 0.07, 0.0 +/- 0.06, and 0.0 +/- 0.07 at Noh Bec. Given the known advantage of rapid growth to avoid Hysipyla damage over the long term and the stable performance of provenances across sites for growth traits, we recommend provenance selection over multiple trials to reduce the risk of serious damage by the insect. Good provenances and other suitable seed sources, as well as proper site selection and silvicultural practices, are important tools for increasing yields from plantations of C. odorata. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ward, Sheila E.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Wightman, Kevyn E.] World Agroforestry Ctr ICRAF, Chetumal, Mexico. [Wightman, Kevyn E.] Trop Agr & Higher Educ Ctr CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. [Rodriguez Santiago, Bartolo] INIFAP, Chetumal 77000, Mexico. RP Ward, SE (reprint author), Mahogany Future Inc, POB 21072, San Juan, PR 00928 USA. EM seward@caribe.net NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 10 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 2 BP 356 EP 364 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.057 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 273OX UT WOS:000253942200014 ER PT J AU Andersen, HE Mcgaughey, RJ Reutebuch, SE AF Andersen, H. -E. Mcgaughey, R. J. Reutebuch, S. E. TI Assessing the influence of flight parameters, interferometric processing, slope and canopy density on the accuracy of X-band IFSAR-derived forest canopy height models SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on 3D Remote Sensing in Forestry CY FEB, 2006 CL Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci, Vienna, AUSTRIA SP EARSel Special Interest Grp Forestry, ISPRS HO Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci AB High resolution, active remote sensing technologies, such as interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR) and airborne laser scanning (lidar) have the capability to provide forest managers with direct measurements of 3-dimensional forest canopy surface structure. While lidar systems can provide highly accurate measurements of canopy and terrain surfaces, high resolution (X-band) IFSAR systems provide slightly less accurate measurements of canopy surface elevation over very large areas with a much higher data collection rate, leading to a lower cost per unit area. In addition, canopy height can be measured by taking the difference between the IFSAR-derived canopy surface elevation and a lidar-derived terrain surface elevation. Therefore, in areas where high-accuracy terrain models are available, IFSAR may be used to economically monitor changes in forest structure and height over large areas on a relatively frequent basis. However, IFSAR flight parameters and processing techniques are not currently optimized for the forest canopy mapping application. In order to determine optimal flight parameters for IFSAR forest canopy measurement, we evaluated the accuracy of high resolution, X-band canopy surface models obtained over a mountainous forested area in central Washington state (USA) from two different flying heights (6000m and 4500m), from different look directions, and with different interferometric processing. In addition, we assessed the influence of terrain slope and canopy density on the accuracy of IFSAR canopy height models. High-accuracy lidar-derived canopy height models were used as a basis for comparison. Results indicate that sensing geometry is the single most important factor influencing the accuracy of IFSAR canopy height measurements, therefore acquiring IFSAR from multiple look directions can be critically important when using IFSAR for forest canopy measurement applications, especially in mountainous areas. C1 [Andersen, H. -E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Anchorage Forestry Sci Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Mcgaughey, R. J.; Reutebuch, S. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Andersen, HE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Anchorage Forestry Sci Lab, 3301 C St,Suite 200, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. EM handersen@fs.fed.us NR 11 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD MAR 10 PY 2008 VL 29 IS 5 BP 1495 EP 1510 DI 10.1080/01431160701736430 PG 16 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 278OH UT WOS:000254295700014 ER PT J AU Dowd, SE Sun, Y Secor, PR Rhoads, DD Wolcott, BM James, GA Wolcott, RD AF Dowd, Scot E. Sun, Yan Secor, Patrick R. Rhoads, Daniel D. Wolcott, Benjamin M. James, Garth A. Wolcott, Randall D. TI Survey of bacterial diversity in chronic wounds using Pyrosequencing, DGGE, and full ribosome shotgun sequencing SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; URINARY-TRACT-INFECTIONS; DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS; VENOUS LEG ULCERS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; BIOFILM FORMATION; ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA; PERSISTENT INFECTION; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; DATABASE PROJECT AB Background: Chronic wound pathogenic biofilms are host-pathogen environments that colonize and exist as a cohabitation of many bacterial species. These bacterial populations cooperate to promote their own survival and the chronic nature of the infection. Few studies have performed extensive surveys of the bacterial populations that occur within different types of chronic wound biofilms. The use of 3 separate I6S-based molecular amplifications followed by pyrosequencing, shotgun Sanger sequencing, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis were utilized to survey the major populations of bacteria that occur in the pathogenic biofilms of three types of chronic wound types: diabetic foot ulcers (D), venous leg ulcers (V), and pressure ulcers (P). Results: There are specific major populations of bacteria that were evident in the biofilms of all chronic wound types, including Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Peptoniphilus, Enterobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Finegoldia, and Serratia spp. Each of the wound types reveals marked differences in bacterial populations, such as pressure ulcers in which 62% of the populations were identified as obligate anaerobes. There were also populations of bacteria that were identified but not recognized as wound pathogens, such as Abiotrophia para-adiacens and Rhodopseudomonas spp. Results of molecular analyses were also compared to those obtained using traditional culture-based diagnostics. Only in one wound type did culture methods correctly identify the primary bacterial population indicating the need for improved diagnostic methods. Conclusion: If clinicians can gain a better understanding of the wound's microbiota, it will give them a greater understanding of the wound's ecology and will allow them to better manage healing of the wound improving the prognosis of patients. This research highlights the necessity to begin evaluating, studying, and treating chronic wound pathogenic biofilms as multi-species entities in order to improve the outcomes of patients. This survey will also foster the pioneering and development of new molecular diagnostic tools, which can be used to identify the community compositions of chronic wound pathogenic biofilms and other medical biofilm infections. C1 [Dowd, Scot E.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. [Sun, Yan; Rhoads, Daniel D.; Wolcott, Benjamin M.; Wolcott, Randall D.] Med Biofilm Res Inst, Lubbock, TX USA. [Secor, Patrick R.; James, Garth A.] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Dowd, SE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. EM sdowd@lbk.ars.usda.gov; s_yan_99@yahoo.com; psecor@erc.montana.edu; danrhoads@gmail.com; glorfindelvsp@yahoo.com; GJames@erc.montana.edu; randy@randallwolcott.com OI Rhoads, Daniel/0000-0002-7636-5191 NR 115 TC 312 Z9 315 U1 3 U2 71 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD MAR 6 PY 2008 VL 8 AR 43 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-8-43 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 284NN UT WOS:000254713200001 PM 18325110 ER PT J AU Cullen, D AF Cullen, Dan TI Genomics - Fungal symbiosis unearthed SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material ID LACCARIA-BICOLOR S238N; SEQUENCE C1 [Cullen, Dan] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Cullen, D (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dcullen@facstaff.wisc.edu NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 6 PY 2008 VL 452 IS 7183 BP 42 EP 43 DI 10.1038/452042a PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 269SZ UT WOS:000253671900039 PM 18322523 ER PT J AU Yu, Y Zhang, HM Tian, F Bacon, L Zhang, Y Zhang, WS Song, JZ AF Yu, Ying Zhang, Huanmin Tian, Fei Bacon, Larry Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Wensheng Song, Jiuzhou TI Quantitative Evaluation of DNA Methylation Patterns for ALVE and TVB Genes in a Neoplastic Disease Susceptible and Resistant Chicken Model SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AVIAN-LEUKOSIS VIRUS; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; SUBGROUP-A; CANCER; EXPRESSION; RETROVIRUSES; EPIGENETICS; MUTATIONS; RECEPTORS AB Chicken endogenous viruses, ALVE (Avian Leukosis Virus subgroup E), are inherited as LTR (long terminal repeat) retrotransposons, which are negatively correlated with disease resistance, and any changes in DNA methylation may contribute to the susceptibility to neoplastic disease. The relationship between ALVE methylation status and neoplastic disease in the chicken is undefined. White Leghorn inbred lines 7(2) and 6(3) at the ADOL have been respectively selected for resistance and susceptibility to tumors that are induced by avian viruses. In this study, the DNA methylation patterns of 3 similar to 6 CpG sites of four conserved regions in ALVE, including one unique region in ALVE1, the promoter region in the TVB (tumor virus receptor of ALV subgroup B, D and E) locus, were analyzed in the two lines using pyrosequencing methods in four tissues, i.e., liver, spleen, blood and hypothalamus. A significant CpG hypermethylation level was seen in line 7(2) in all four tissues, e.g., 91.86 +/- 1.63% for ALVE region2 in blood, whereas the same region was hemimethylated (46.16 +/- 2.56%) in line 6(3). CpG methylation contents of the ALVE regions were significantly lower in line 6(3) than in line 7(2) in all tissues (P < 0.01) except the ALVE region 3/4 in liver. RNA expressions of ALVE regions 2 and 3 (PPT-U3) were significantly higher in line 6(3) than in line 7(2) (P < 0.01). The methylation levels of six recombinant congenic strains (RCSs) closely resembled to the background line 6(3) in ALVE-region 2, which imply the methylation pattern of ALVE-region 2 may be a biomarker in resistant disease breeding. The methylation level of the promoter region in the TVB was significantly different in blood (P < 0.05) and hypothalamus (P < 0.0001), respectively. Our data disclosed a hypermethylation pattern of ALVE that may be relevant for resistance against ALV induced tumors in chickens. C1 [Yu, Ying; Tian, Fei; Zhang, Wensheng; Song, Jiuzhou] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zhang, Huanmin; Bacon, Larry] USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, Agr Res Serv, E Lansing, MI USA. [Zhang, Yuan] China Agr Univ, Coll Animal Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Yu, Y (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM songj88@umd.edu FU Maryland State Fund FX Maryland State Fund NR 47 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 5 PY 2008 VL 3 IS 3 AR e1731 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0001731 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 367XT UT WOS:000260586600026 PM 18320050 ER PT J AU Forrester, JA Vandenberg, NJ AF Forrester, Juanita A. Vandenberg, Natalia J. TI First Florida records for Anovia circumclusa (Gorham) (Coleoptera : Coccinellidae : Noviini): A natural enemy of Icerya genistae Hempel (Hemiptera : Margarodidae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Letter C1 [Forrester, Juanita A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Vandenberg, Natalia J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Inst Plant Sci,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Forrester, JA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, 413 Biol Sci Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM juanita.forrester@gmail.com; Natalia.Vandenberg@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAR 5 PY 2008 IS 1720 BP 66 EP 68 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 271UO UT WOS:000253814400004 ER PT J AU Mian, MAR Zhang, Y Wang, ZY Zhang, JY Cheng, XF Chen, L Chekhovskiy, K Dai, XB Mao, CH Cheung, F Zhao, XC He, J Scott, AD Town, CD May, GD AF Mian, M. A. Rouf Zhang, Yan Wang, Zeng-Yu Zhang, Ji-Yi Cheng, Xiaofei Chen, Lei Chekhovskiy, Konstantin Dai, Xinbin Mao, Chunhong Cheung, Foo Zhao, Xuechun He, Ji Scott, Angela D. Town, Christopher D. May, Gregory D. TI Analysis of tall fescue ESTs representing different abiotic stresses, tissue types and developmental stages SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; GENE-EXPRESSION; SSR MARKERS; ARABIDOPSIS; PLANTS; FESTUCA; TOLERANCE; EVOLUTION; RESPONSES AB Background: Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) is a major cool season forage and turf grass species grown in the temperate regions of the world. In this paper we report the generation of a tall fescue expressed sequence tag (EST) database developed from nine cDNA libraries representing tissues from different plant organs, developmental stages, and abiotic stress factors. The results of inter- library and library-specific in silico expression analyses of these ESTs are also reported. Results: A total of 41,516 ESTs were generated from nine cDNA libraries of tall fescue representing tissues from different plant organs, developmental stages, and abiotic stress conditions. The Festuca Gene Index (FaGI) has been established. To date, this represents the first publicly available tall fescue EST database. In silico gene expression studies using these ESTs were performed to understand stress responses in tall fescue. A large number of ESTs of known stress response gene were identified from stressed tissue libraries. These ESTs represent gene homologues of heat-shock and oxidative stress proteins, and various transcription factor protein families. Highly expressed ESTs representing genes of unknown functions were also identified in the stressed tissue libraries. Conclusion: FaGI provides a useful resource for genomics studies of tall fescue and other closely related forage and turf grass species. Comparative genomic analyses between tall fescue and other grass species, including ryegrasses (Lolium sp.), meadow fescue (F. pratensis) and tetraploid fescue (F. arundinacea var glaucescens) will benefit from this database. These ESTs are an excellent resource for the development of simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) PCR-based molecular markers. C1 [Dai, Xinbin; Zhao, Xuechun; He, Ji; Scott, Angela D.; May, Gregory D.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73402 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf; Zhang, Yan; Wang, Zeng-Yu; Zhang, Ji-Yi; Cheng, Xiaofei; Chen, Lei; Chekhovskiy, Konstantin] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Forage Improvement Div, Ardmore, OK 73402 USA. [Mao, Chunhong] Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Cheung, Foo; Town, Christopher D.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [May, Gregory D.] Natl Ctr Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. RP May, GD (reprint author), Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, 2510 Sam Noble Pkwy, Ardmore, OK 73402 USA. EM mian.3@osu.edu; yzhang@noble.org; zywang@noble.org; jzhang@noble.org; xcheng@noble.org; lchen@noble.org; kchekhovskiy@noble.org; xdai@noble.org; chmao@vt.edu; fcheung@tigr.org; pzhao@noble.org; jhe@noble.org; angela.scott@saisd.org; cdtown@jcvi.org; gdm@ncgr.org NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD MAR 4 PY 2008 VL 8 AR 27 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-8-27 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 291DO UT WOS:000255173500001 PM 18318913 ER PT J AU Bian, Q Fernandes, AF Taylor, A Wu, M Pereira, P Shang, F AF Bian, Q. Fernandes, A. F. Taylor, A. Wu, M. Pereira, P. Shang, F. TI Expression of K6W-ubiquitin in lens epithelial cells leads to upregulation of a broad spectrum of molecular chaperones SO MOLECULAR VISION LA English DT Article ID UBIQUITIN-PROTEASOME PATHWAY; UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; ALPHA-B-CRYSTALLIN; QUALITY-CONTROL; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; DAMAGED PROTEINS; PROTEOLYTIC PATHWAY; INHIBITION LEADS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS AB Purpose: Accumulation and precipitation of abnormal proteins are associated with many age-related diseases. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is one of the protein quality control mechanisms that selectively degrade damaged or obsolete proteins. The other arm of the protein quality control mechanism is molecular chaperones, which bind to and help refold unfolded or misfolded proteins. We previously showed that the molecular chaperones and the UPP work in a competitive manner in eliminating the denatured proteins. To further investigate the interaction between the two protein quality control mechanisms, we determined the effects of the impairment of the UPP on the expression of molecular chaperones in human lens epithelial cells (HLEC). Methods: K6W-ubiquitin, a dominant negative inhibitor of the UPP, was expressed in confluent HLEC via an adenoviral vector. The mRNA levels of cytoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones were determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Protein levels for these chaperones were determined by western blotting. Results: Expression of K6W-ubiquitin in HLEC increased the expression of a broad spectrum of molecular chaperones. Among the heat-shock proteins, mRNA for alpha B-crystallin, Hsp70, and Hsp90 increased 27 fold, 21 fold, and twofold, respectively, in response to K6W-ubiquitin expression. Among the ER chaperones and ER stress related factors, mRNA levels of protein disulfide isomerase, Grp75, Grp78, Grp94, and the CAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) increased from 1.7 fold to 3.7 fold. The mRNA for Hsp60 also increased 1.6 fold in response to the expression of K6W-ubiquitin. The expression pattern of these chaperones in response to the expression of K6W ubiquitin is similar to that obtained when cells were treated with proteasome inhibitors or heat-shock. Conclusions: It appears that the upregulation of these chaperones is related to the elevated levels of abnormal proteins in the cells. These findings support our hypothesis that the molecular chaperones and the UPP may back each other up in the process of protein quality control. The upregulation of molecular chaperones in response to the expression of a dominant negative ubiquitin may compensate for the impairment of the UPP in the degradation of abnormal proteins. C1 [Bian, Q.; Fernandes, A. F.; Taylor, A.; Shang, F.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bian, Q.; Wu, M.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Zhongshan Ophthalm Ctr, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Fernandes, A. F.; Pereira, P.] Univ Coimbra, Ctr Ophthalmol, IBILI Fac Med, Coimbra, Portugal. RP Shang, F (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM fu.shang@tufts.edu OI Pereira, Paulo/0000-0002-9908-2290 FU NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY011717, EY11717, R29 EY011717] NR 67 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOLECULAR VISION PI ATLANTA PA C/O JEFF BOATRIGHT, LAB B, 5500 EMORY EYE CENTER, 1327 CLIFTON RD, N E, ATLANTA, GA 30322 USA SN 1090-0535 J9 MOL VIS JI Mol. Vis. PD MAR 4 PY 2008 VL 14 IS 46-53 BP 403 EP 412 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ophthalmology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ophthalmology GA 311ZC UT WOS:000256637900004 PM 18334961 ER PT J AU Stellflug, JN Cockett, NE Lewis, GS AF Stellflug, J. N. Cockett, N. E. Lewis, G. S. TI The influence of breeding intensity on above- and below-average sexual performance rams in single- and multiple-sire breeding environments SO ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ewes lambing; lambs born; breeding intensity; rams; sexual behavior ID POLYMORPHIC OVINE MICROSATELLITES; CAPACITY AB Two studies were conducted to evaluate the relationship between serving capacity scores and breeding performance of rams. The first study was conducted to determine whether rams with above or below mean serving capacity scores could perform equally in greater and lesser breeding intensity, single-sire mating schemes. The second study was conducted to determine whether rams with above and below mean serving capacity scores could perform equally well when only one or two ewes were in estrus daily in a multiple-sire breeding scheme (two rams/pen). Rams (n = 68) were ranked according to average number of ejaculations recorded in serving capacity tests. Sixteen rams with the greatest scores (above-average) and 16 rams with least scores (below-average) were identified for breeding. Half of above-average and half of below-average rams were used in the two studies. For study 1, each ram was individually introduced to 23 estrus-synchronized ewes for 9 d to simulate high breeding intensity. Rams were given a 5-d rest before they were individually introduced to 23-24 naturally cyclic ewes for 17 d (low breeding intensity). For study 2, 16 rams were paired across ram types, and each pair competed for 20 ewes for 18 d (8 pens). For study 1, ewe fertility (ewes lambing/ewes present at lambing) and number of lambs born were greater (P < 0.001) for above-average (0.67 +/- 0.03 and 27.6 +/- 1.2, respectively) than for below-average rams (0.39 +/- 0.07 and 15.3 +/- 2.7) with greater breeding intensity. Ewe fertility and lambs born did not differ for above-average (0.91 +/- 0.03 and 37.8 +/- 1.9, respectively) and below-average rams (0.86 +/- 0.03 and 39.0 +/- 1.9) with less breeding intensity. For study 2, number of ewes lambing (99 +/- 8.0 compared with 72 +/- 13.6; P = 0.12) and number of lambs sired (149 +/- 18.5 compared with 101 +/- 22.8; P = 0.14) did not differ between above- and below-average rams, respectively, in direct competition. Sexual classifications based on serving capacity tests are related to breeding performance of rams in certain breeding environments. When breeding intensity is greater, above-average rams impregnate more ewes and sire more lambs than below-average rams. When only a small number of ewes are in estrus daily, below-average rams for serving capacity scores perform as well as above-average rams in multiple-sire and single-sire breeding environments. We suggest that above-average rams should be used to reduce number of rams required when breeding intensity is greater. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Stellflug, J. N.; Lewis, G. S.] USDA, ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. [Cockett, N. E.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Stellflug, JN (reprint author), USDA, ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, 19 Off Loop, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. EM jstellflug@pw.ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4320 J9 ANIM REPROD SCI JI Anim. Reprod. Sci. PD MAR 3 PY 2008 VL 104 IS 2-4 BP 248 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.02.017 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology GA 268SO UT WOS:000253599900012 PM 17383123 ER PT J AU Chen, D Liang, MX DeWald, D Weimer, B Peel, MD Bugbee, B Michaelson, J Davis, E Wu, Y AF Chen, Dong Liang, Ming-Xiang DeWald, Daryll Weimer, Bart Peel, Michael D. Bugbee, Bruce Michaelson, Jacob Davis, Elizabeth Wu, Yajun TI Identification of dehydration responsive genes from two non-nodulated alfalfa cultivars using Medicago truncatula microarrays SO ACTA PHYSIOLOGIAE PLANTARUM LA English DT Article DE dehydration stress; alfalfa; microarray; gene expression ID TIME RT-PCR; DROUGHT STRESS; WATER-STRESS; INOSITOL HEXAKISPHOSPHATE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; COLD STRESSES; GUARD-CELLS; SALT STRESS; ARABIDOPSIS; EXPRESSION AB To have a comprehensive understanding of how legume plants respond to drought at the gene expression level and examine whether legume plants that are not fixing nitrogen would behave similar to non-legume plants in drought response, transcriptomes were studied in two non-nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars, Ladak and 53V08, when plants were subjected to dehydration stress. Two heat shock-related protein genes were up-regulated in the 3-h stressed shoots in both cultivars. One of them was also up-regulated in the 8-h stressed shoots, along with dehydrin and LEA. A xyloglucan endotransglycosylase and a gene with unknown function were down-regulated in both 3- and 8-h stressed shoots. In roots, nearly half of the 55 genes commonly up-regulated at 3 h are involved in pathogen resistance, insect defense and flavonoid synthesis, which differs from other dehydration-responsive transcriptomes in the literature. Many known drought-responsive genes, such as LEA and dehydrin, were up-regulated after 8 h of treatment. The genes encoding caffeoyl-CoA O-methyl transferase and dirigent were up-regulated in the 3-h stressed roots, while two aquaporin genes were down-regulated, suggesting that lignification and prevention of water loss in roots in initial dehydration stress is a common strategy for both cultivars. The results also indicate the involvement of some specific signal transduction pathways, osmotic adjustment and ion homeostasis regulation during dehydration response. Besides those known dehydration-responsive genes in the literature, some dehydration responses and genes in alfalfa appear to be unique. Our results provide valuable insight into a comprehensive understanding of dehydration response in alfalfa at the molecular level. C1 [Liang, Ming-Xiang; Bugbee, Bruce; Davis, Elizabeth; Wu, Yajun] Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Chen, Dong; Liang, Ming-Xiang; DeWald, Daryll; Weimer, Bart; Michaelson, Jacob] Utah State Univ, Ctr Integrated BioSyst, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [DeWald, Daryll] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Weimer, Bart] Utah State Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Peel, Michael D.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Wu, Y (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Yajun.wu@usu.edu RI Wu, Yajun/A-4019-2008; bugbee, bruce/I-5008-2012; Weimer, Bart/G-6928-2012 OI Weimer, Bart/0000-0002-7471-1978 NR 61 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0137-5881 J9 ACTA PHYSIOL PLANT JI Acta Physiol. Plant. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 30 IS 2 BP 183 EP 199 DI 10.1007/s11738-007-0107-5 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 258RS UT WOS:000252887800008 ER PT J AU Willers, JL Milliken, GA Jenkins, JN O'Hara, CG Gerard, PD Reynolds, DB Boykin, DL Good, PV Hood, KB AF Willers, Jeffrey L. Milliken, George A. Jenkins, Johnie N. O'Hara, Charles G. Gerard, Patrick D. Reynolds, Daniel B. Boykin, Debbie L. Good, Paul V. Hood, Kenneth B. TI Defining the experimental unit for the design and analysis of site-specific experiments in commercial cotton fields SO AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE general linear mixed models; geographic information systems; precision agriculture; site-specific management; on-farm research; remote sensing; LiDAR ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; MANAGEMENT ZONE DELINEATION; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; CROP MANAGEMENT; YIELD; GUIDELINES; PHOSPHORUS; INPUT AB Designing experiments involves several processes. The first process identifies the experimental units generated by conducting the experiment. The second process is the application of planned treatments to the experimental units. Other processes are the analysis of the experiment and interpretation of results. While traditional experimental small plot designs are useful for investigating many aspects of cotton production, on a large scale, like an entire commercial field, they are difficult to implement because of routine farming operations and topographical variability. As an alternative, by using the capabilities of a variable-rate controller, it is possible to intersect the swath width of the largest farm implement's boom (or tool bar) along its geo-referenced paths of travel with one or more geo-registered field zones to create experimental units having different shapes and sizes. Defining the experimental units in this manner establishes a site-specific experiment throughout the entire field. Spatial information recovered by Geographic Information System (GIS) processing from these asymmetrical experimental units, when coupled with general linear mixed model methodology, permits the assessment of effects on geo-referenced yield points due to topography, the site-specific and/or traditional farm management practices, and various interactions among them. In this paper, a general methodological approach for analyzing field-sized site-specific experiments is developed and described. An application is demonstrated by analyzing an unreplicated cotton variety trial that included a single site-specific application of a plant growth regulator. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Willers, Jeffrey L.; Jenkins, Johnie N.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Milliken, George A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [O'Hara, Charles G.] GeoResources Inst, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Gerard, Patrick D.] Expt Stat Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [O'Hara, Charles G.] Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Boykin, Debbie L.] USDA ARS, Stat Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. [Good, Paul V.] Goods Longview Farm, Macon, MS USA. [Hood, Kenneth B.] Perthshire Farms, Gunnison, MS USA. RP Willers, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jeffrey.willers@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-521X J9 AGR SYST JI Agric. Syst. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 96 IS 1-3 BP 237 EP 249 DI 10.1016/j.agsy.2007.09.003 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 260PB UT WOS:000253021100020 ER PT J AU Gilbert, RA Rainbolt, CR Morris, DR McCray, JM AF Gilbert, R. A. Rainbolt, C. R. Morris, D. R. McCray, J. M. TI Sugarcane growth and yield responses to a 3-month summer flood SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE sugarcane; flood; growth; nutrient concentration; yield; Florida; water table ID EVERGLADES AGRICULTURAL AREA; WATER-TABLE; TRANSPIRATION; SOIL AB Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) in south Florida is often subjected to flooding due to interacting effects of soil subsidence, pumping restrictions, and tropical storms. While there has been considerable research on the response of sugarcane cultivars to high water tables and periodic flooding, there is a lack of information on commercial cultivar yield response to long-term flooding. An experiment was established in Belle Glade, FL to examine the effect of a 3-month summer flood (July-September) on the growth and yield of cultivars CP 80-1743 and CP 72-2086 during the plant cane (2003) and second ratoon (2005) crop. Harvest samples were taken early-, mid-, and late-season. Flooding sugarcane in the summer caused sequentially greater yield reductions throughout the harvest season in plant cane. Sucrose yields for flooded cane, compared with the non-flooded control, were 9.6 t sucrose ha(-1) versus 11.7 t sucrose ha(-1) early, 9.2 t sucrose ha(-1) versus 12.8 t sucrose ha(-1) mid-season and 7.8 t sucrose ha(-1) versus 12.3 t sucrose ha(-1) at late harvest. In the second ratoon crop, flooding reduced sugarcane tonnage and sucrose yield by 54-64% across sampling dates, and preliminary results indicated that flooding reduced leaf nutrient content by 10-78%. Yield reductions due to flooding in both crops were attributed more to reduced tonnage rather than sucrose content. CP 72-2086 yielded 18-28% greater sucrose than CP 80-1743 when harvested late. However the flood x cultivar interaction was not significant as both cultivars recorded similar yield reductions under flooded conditions. Our results identified severe yield losses caused by a 3-month summer flood in these cultivars, particularly in ratoon crops. Strategies to increase summer on-farm water storage in Florida should focus on short-duration periodic flooding rather than long-term flooding. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gilbert, R. A.; Rainbolt, C. R.; McCray, J. M.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Morris, D. R.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. RP Gilbert, RA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, 3200 E Palm Beach Rd, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. EM ragilber@ufl.edu NR 21 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 95 IS 3 BP 283 EP 291 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2007.10.009 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 281ME UT WOS:000254500900013 ER PT J AU Starr, GC Rowland, D Griffin, TS Olanya, OM AF Starr, G. C. Rowland, D. Griffin, T. S. Olanya, O. M. TI Soil water in relation to irrigation, water uptake and potato yield in a humid climate SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE soil water; irrigation; potato; time series; diagnostic modeling; water use efficiency; time domain reflectometry ID LOAMY SAND; MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN; PLACEMENT; GROWTH AB Efficiently controlling soil water content with irrigation is essential for water conservation and often improves potato yield. Volumetric soil water content (e,.) in relation to irrigation, plant uptake, and yield in potato hills and replicated plots was studied to evaluate four water management options. Measurements of H using a hammer driven probe were used to derive a e index representing the relative 6 status of replicated plots positioned along a hill slope. Time series for 6 were determined using time domain reflectometry (TDR) probes at 5 and 15 cm depths at the center, shoulder, and furrow locations in potato hills. Sap flow was determined using flow collars in replicated field plots for four treatments: un-irrigated, sprinkler, surface drip, and sub-surface drip irrigation (40 cm depth). Irrigated yields were high/low as the theta(v) index was low/high suggesting theta(v) excess was a production problem in the wetter portions of the study area. The diurnal pattern of sap flow was reflected in the 9,. fluctuation it induces at hill locations with appreciable uptake. Hill locations with higher plant uptake were drier as was the case for the 5 cm (dry) depth relative to the 15 cm (wet) depth and for locations in the hill (dry) relative to the furrow (wet). The surface drip system had the lowest water use requirement because it delivers water directly to the hill locations where uptake is greatest. The sub-surface drip system wetted the hill gradually (1-2 days). Measurement of the theta(v) index prior to experimental establishment could improve future experimental design for treatment comparisons. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Starr, G. C.; Rowland, D.; Griffin, T. S.; Olanya, O. M.] Univ Maine, USDA ARS, NEPSWL, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Starr, GC (reprint author), Univ Maine, USDA ARS, NEPSWL, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM Gordon.Starr@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 95 IS 3 BP 292 EP 300 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2007.10.012 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 281ME UT WOS:000254500900014 ER PT J AU Allen, VG Brown, CP Segarra, E Green, CJ Wheeler, TA Acosta-Martinez, V Zobeck, TM AF Allen, V. G. Brown, C. P. Segarra, E. Green, C. J. Wheeler, T. A. Acosta-Martinez, V. Zobeck, T. M. TI In search of sustainable agricultural systems for the Llano Estacado of the US Southern High Plains SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE water; aquifers; cropping and livestock systems; grazing systems; soil quality ID COTTON; CROP; SOIL AB Crop production on the Llano Estacado of the Texas High Plains has used precipitation and supplemental irrigation with water pumped from the Ogallala aquifer at rates that have far exceeded recharge for many years. Over 20% of the U.S. cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop is produced currently in this once vast grassland. Most of this cotton is produced in monoculture systems that are economically risky and contribute to wind-induced erosion and depletion of ground water resources. Although large numbers of cattle are found in this region, little integration of livestock and crop production exists. Integrated crop-livestock systems could improve nutrient cycling, reduce soil erosion, improve water management, interrupt pest cycles, and spread economic risk through diversification. Two whole-farm scale systems compared (1) a cotton monoculture typical of the region; and (2) an alternative integrated system that included cotton, forage, and Angus-cross stocker beef steers (initial body weight 249 kg). Steers grazed the perennial warm-season grass 'WW-B. Dahl' old world bluestem [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake] in sequence with rye (Secale cereale L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from January to mid-July when they were sent to the feedyard for finishing. Grass seed were harvested from bluestem in October. Cotton in the alternative system was grown in a two-paddock rotation with the wheat and rye. Cotton was harvested from both systems in October. At the end of 5 years, the alternative system reduced needs for supplemental irrigation by 23% and for nitrogen fertilizer by 40% compared with the conventional cotton monoculture. Fewer chemical inputs including pesticides were required by the alternative system. Soil with perennial grass pasture was lower in predicted soil erosion and was higher in soil organic carbon, aggregate stability, and microbial biomass than soil where continuous cotton was grown. Profitability was greater for the alternative system until cotton lint yields reached about 1500 kg ha(-1) for the continuous cotton system. Differences between the systems became larger as depth to ground water increased. Systems that are less dependent on supplemental irrigation and less consumptive of non-renewable resources and energy-dependent chemical inputs appear possible, but further improvements are required to ensure sustainability of agricultural systems for the future in the Texas High Plains. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Allen, V. G.; Brown, C. P.; Segarra, E.; Green, C. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Segarra, E.; Wheeler, T. A.] Texas Agr Expt Stn, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Acosta-Martinez, V.; Zobeck, T. M.] USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Allen, VG (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM felician@ttu.edu RI Zobeck, Ted/A-6126-2012 NR 35 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 10 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 124 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2007.08.006 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 274TD UT WOS:000254023100002 ER PT J AU Beckendorf, EA Catangui, MA Riedell, WE AF Beckendorf, Eric A. Catangui, Michael A. Riedell, Walter E. TI Soybean aphid feeding injury and soybean yield, yield components, and seed composition SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LEAF BEETLE COLEOPTERA; GLYCINES MATSUMURA; POTATO LEAFHOPPER; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; HOMOPTERA; QUALITY; ALFALFA; GROWTH; BIOLOGY; PROTEIN AB Information that describes soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) feeding injury effects on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield and seed composition is needed to develop better management practices for this invasive pest. This 2-yr control led-infestation field study measured aphid populations and the effects of those populations on soybean seed yield, yield components (shoot biomass, pods plant(-1), seeds pod(-1), and 100 seed weight), and seed composition (oil and protein concentrations) when infested at the vegetative (V5) or reproductive (R2) development stages. In 2003, initial infestation rates of 10, 50, or 100 aphids plant(-1) applied at V5 resulted in population peaks of 21,000, 18,000, and 12,000 aphids plant(-1) and maximum cumulative aphid-days of 381,000, 327,000, and 242,000, respectively. In 2004, initial infestation rates of 1, 3, 10, 50, or 100 aphids plant(-1) applied at V5 resulted in population peaks of 4,600, 9,400, 14,000, 22,000, and 21,000 aphids plant(-1) and maximum cumulative aphid-days of 101,000, 229,000, 355,000, 514,000, and 537,000. In both years, the same infestation rates applied at R2 resulted in population peaks and cumulative aphid-day values that were about 42 to 88% lower than the V5 infestation dates. Seed yield, yield components, and seed oil concentration declined linearly as peak aphid numbers plant(-1) and maximum cumulative aphid-days plant(-1) increased. In contrast, seed protein concentration increased linearly with increasing peak aphid numbers plant(-1). Relating these aphid population parameters at the plant growth stages studied enables producers to make informed decisions about the need for and timing of pest management treatments. C1 [Beckendorf, Eric A.; Riedell, Walter E.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Catangui, Michael A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Riedell, WE (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM walter.riedell@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 100 IS 2 BP 237 EP 246 DI 10.2134/agronj2007.0207 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 281MH UT WOS:000254501200001 ER PT J AU Long, DS Engel, RE Siemens, MC AF Long, D. S. Engel, R. E. Siemens, M. C. TI Measuring grain protein concentration with in-line near infrared reflectance spectroscopy SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WHEAT; YIELD AB The advent of near infrared (NIR) on-combine sensors gives growers the opportunity to measure the grain protein concentration of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during harvest. A study consisting of three sequential experiments (laboratory bench, combine test stand, and field) was conducted to evaluate the performance of an in-line, NIR reflectance spectrometer, referred to as the ProSpectra Grain Analyzer, possessing a factory calibration model. In the laboratory bench experiment, the instrument was mounted to a circulating impeller apparatus designed to simulate a moving stream of grain. The ProSpectra performed well on a validation set of 231 grain samples of soft white winter wheat and explained a high level of protein variability (R-2 = 0.91, SEP = 3.1 g kg(-1)) with a slope near unity. In the second experiment, the sensor was installed on a combine test stand constructed from the cross and exit augers, and clean grain elevator of a combine, to create the grain flow conditions found on a combine. Predicted protein was highly correlated (R-2 = 0.93, SEP = 4.5 g kg(-1)) with reference protein of nine large (14-kg) wheat samples. During the third experiment, the instrument was placed on the exit auger of a Case IH 1470 combine for the harvest of a 17-ha winter wheat field. Prospectra protein predictions correlated well with reference protein measurements (R-2 = 0.94, SEP = 3.1 g kg(-1)). This study demonstrated the feasibility of using in-line NIR reflectance spectroscopy to rapidly (0.5 Hz measurement rate) and accurately (SEP < 5.0 g kg(-1)) measure wheat protein in a moving grain stream. C1 [Long, D. S.; Siemens, M. C.] USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Engel, R. E.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Long, DS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM dan.long@oregonstate.edu NR 20 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 100 IS 2 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.2134/agronj2007.0052 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 281MH UT WOS:000254501200002 ER PT J AU Goggi, AS Caragea, P Pollak, L McAndrews, G DeVries, M Montgomery, K AF Goggi, A. Susana Caragea, Petrutza Pollak, Linda McAndrews, Gina DeVries, Mindy Montgomery, Kevin TI Seed quality assurance in maize breeding programs: Tests to explain variations in maize inbreds and populations SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TILLAGE FIELD PERFORMANCE; ZEA-MAYS; VIGOR; EMERGENCE AB Maize (Zea mays L.) breeders are interested in evaluating the seed quality of their inbred lines, as seed quality has a strong relationship to field emergence. There is little information, however, on the influence of the seed quality of the inbred on field emergence of the hybrid. The objectives of this research were to (i) determine whether seed quality tests and a seed quality index of the inbred parents and F-2 seed are correlated with field emergence of F-1 hybrids, and (ii) determine how many tests are necessary to calculate this index. Standard germination (SG), saturated cold (SC), and soak (Soak) tests, and the inbred quality index (IQI) were calculated on inbred parents and their corresponding F-2 progeny, and field emergence was measured on associated F-1 hybrids produced in Clinton, IL in 2002 and 2003. The tests and index of the parental inbreds and F-2 progeny correlated poorly with early field emergence of the F-1 hybrids. All tests were required to calculate the seed quality index. By averaging several seed quality tests into a single index, the poor seed quality performance of inbreds and F-2 populations in some tests can be masked by other tests. The seed quality index might be useful when ranking inbreds based on seed quality but not as a selection tool. C1 [Goggi, A. Susana; McAndrews, Gina; DeVries, Mindy] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Caragea, Petrutza] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Pollak, Linda] USDA ARS, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. RP Goggi, AS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, 166 Seed Sci Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM susana@iastate.edu NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 100 IS 2 BP 337 EP 343 DI 10.2134/agronj2007.0151 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 281MH UT WOS:000254501200013 ER PT J AU Stevens, G Wrather, A Rhine, M Vories, E Dunn, D AF Stevens, G. Wrather, A. Rhine, M. Vories, E. Dunn, D. TI Predicting rice yield response to midseason nitrogen with plant area measurements SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LEAF COLOR CHART; CHLOROPHYLL METER; FLOODED RICE; MANAGEMENT AB A simple method is needed to aid farmers with midseason nitrogen (MSN) decisions in dry-seeded, delayed flood rice (Oryza sativa L.). This study was conducted to develop thresholds using visual and digital image measurements for predicting rice yield response to MSN. 'Francis' and 'Cheniere' rice were drill seeded on 19-cm row spacing from 2004 to 2006 on silt loam and clay soils at Glennonville and Portageville, MO. Preflood N (PFN) was applied at rates of 0, 39, 78, 118, and 157 kg urea-N ha(-1) with and without two MSN applications of 34 kg N ha(-1) at particle differentiation (R1) and at R1 + 7d. Plant area observations were made 1 to 2 d before R1. In each plot, a yardstick was floated on floodwater positioned between two center rows. Visible inch numbers were counted while standing above the rows. A number was not counted when rice leaves obstructed the view of one or more digits in the whole number. Plant height was measured, and digital images of canopy were analyzed to determine percent green pixels. Highest rice yields on both soils were most often achieved with 78 kg N ha(-1) with MSN or 118 kg N ha(-1) without MSN. The PFN significantly affected visible yardstick numbers, plant height, and percent green pixels. Height was the least reliable indicator of rice N status. Using regression analysis, no rice yield increase from MSN was produced when fewer than 13 yardstick numbers were showing or more than 64% of image pixels were green. C1 [Stevens, G.; Wrather, A.; Rhine, M.; Dunn, D.] Univ Missouri, Delta Res Ctr, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. [Vories, E.] USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. RP Stevens, G (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Delta Res Ctr, POB 160, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. EM stevensw@missouri.edu NR 18 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 100 IS 2 BP 387 EP 392 DI 10.2134/agronj2007.0261 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 281MH UT WOS:000254501200020 ER PT J AU McDonald, PB Singer, JW Wiedenhoeft, MH AF McDonald, Paul B. Singer, Jeremy W. Wiedenhoeft, Mary H. TI Establishment and growth of self-seeded winter cereal cover crops in a soybean-corn rotation SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CRIMSON CLOVER; DRAINAGE; RUNOFF; SYSTEM; BELT AB Perpetuating cereal cover crops through self-seeding may increase adoption by reducing risk and cost. Winter rye (Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) were used to develop self-seeding cover crop systems in a soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]-corn (Zea mays L.) rotation. Cereals were planted and managed chemically and mechanically in varying configurations. The objectives were to (i) quantify temporal establishment patterns after one cycle of self-seeding, (ii) quantify shoot biomass, N uptake, and seed production growing concurrently with corn, and (iii) quantify cover crop establishment after two cycles of self-seeding. Final plant densities for most species by treatment combinations were fully established within 1 wk after soybean (Cycle 1) harvest. Fall green ground cover after soybean was consistently higher with wheat and ranged from 16 to 61%. Straw biomass the following July ranged from 50.4 to 79.1 g m(-2) in wheat, 20.1 to 39.3 g m(-2) in triticale, and 0.0 to 52.7 g m(-2) in rye. Combined spring and maturity maximum N uptake was 20.7, 21.2, and 35.0 kg ha(-1) for triticale, wheat, and rye. Cycle two cover crop seed production was greatest in wheat and ranged from 559 to 1280 seeds m(-2). Wheat also consistently had greater self-seeding plant establishment after two cycles than rye and triticale, which ranged from 5 to 21% of the original plant densities and 19 to 64% of the cycle one plant densities. Future research on self-seeding cereal cover crops should focus on efficient technologies for seed dispersal. C1 [Singer, Jeremy W.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [McDonald, Paul B.] NRCCS, Webster Cty Field Off, Marshfield, MO 65706 USA. [Wiedenhoeft, Mary H.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Singer, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jeremy.singer@ars.usda.gov RI Singer, Jeremy/G-6260-2010 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 100 IS 2 BP 432 EP 439 DI 10.2134/agronj2007.0141 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 281MH UT WOS:000254501200027 ER PT J AU McDonald, PB Singer, JW Wiedenhoeft, MH AF McDonald, Paul B. Singer, Jeremy W. Wiedenhoeft, Mary H. TI Self-seeded cereal cover crop effects on interspecific competition with corn SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NITRATE; GROWTH; MANAGEMENT; DRAINAGE; TILLAGE; SYSTEMS; RUNOFF; BELT AB Perpetuating cereal cover crops through self-seeding may increase adoption by reducing risk and cost. Winter rye (Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) were used to develop self-seeding cover crop systems in a soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]-corn (Zea mays L.) rotation. Cereal cover crops were planted in varying row spacing configurations and managed chemically and mechanically to achieve different levels of resource utilization in time and space. The objective of this study was to quantify interspecific competition of self-seeded winter cereal cover crops growing concurrently with corn. Total weed density responded more to environment than cover crop treatment, with 12.0 and 2.2 weeds m(-2) in 2005 and 2006. Averaged across species, cover crop treatments lowered corn grain yield 5 to 22% compared with a no cover crop check. The most promising treatment lowered corn grain yield 7 and 11%, which is in the range for previously reported yield reduction using rye cover crops when rye was killed at or immediately after planting in a corn-soybcan rotation. Cover crop regrowth intercepted <9% of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) during early growth of corn. Combinations of lower corn plant population density and kernel density in cover crop treatments appear most responsible for the yield reduction. Additional research should focus on reducing interspecific competition during vegetative growth in corn when sink size is being determined. C1 [Singer, Jeremy W.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [McDonald, Paul B.] NRCS, Webster Cty Field Off, Marshfield, MO 65706 USA. [Wiedenhoeft, Mary H.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Singer, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jeremy.singer@ars.usda.gov RI Singer, Jeremy/G-6260-2010 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 100 IS 2 BP 440 EP 446 DI 10.2134/agronj2007.0172 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 281MH UT WOS:000254501200028 ER PT J AU Dawson-Hughes, B Harris, SS Ceglia, L AF Dawson-Hughes, Bess Harris, Susan S. Ceglia, Lisa TI Alkaline diets favor lean tissue mass in older adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE urinary potassium; percentage lean body mass; humans ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS; NITROGEN-METABOLISM; POTASSIUM; PROTEIN; EXCRETION; BALANCE; MUSCLE; WOMEN; AGE AB Background: Maintaining muscle mass while aging is important to prevent falls and fractures. Metabolic acidosis promotes muscle wasting, and the net acid load from diets that are rich in net acid-producing protein and cereal grains relative to their content of net alkali-producing fruit and vegetables may therefore contribute to a reduction in lean tissue mass in older adults. Objective: We aimed to determine whether there was an association of 24-h urinary potassium and an index of fruit and vegetable content of the diet with the percentage lean body mass (%LBM) or change in %LBM in older subjects. Design: Subjects were 384 men and women >= 65 y old who participated in a 3-y trial comparing calcium and vitamin D with placebo. Potassium was measured in 24-h urine collections at baseline. The %LBM, defined as total body nonfat, nonbone tissue weight divided by weight X 100, was measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and at 3 y. Physical activity, height, and weight were assessed at baseline and at 3 y. Results: At baseline, the mean urinary potassium excretion was 67.0 +/- 21.1 mmol/d. Urinary potassium (mmol/d) was significantly positively associated with %LBM at baseline (beta = 0.033, P = 0.006; adjusted for sex, weight, and nitrogen excretion) but not with 3-y change in %LBM. Over the 3-y study, %LBM increased by 2.6 +/- 3.6%. Conclusion: Higher intake of foods rich in potassium, such as fruit and vegetables, may favor the preservation of muscle mass in older men and women. C1 [Dawson-Hughes, Bess; Harris, Susan S.; Ceglia, Lisa] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Dawson-Hughes, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM bess.dawson-hughes@tufts.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [U01 AG010353, U01 AG010353-08] NR 25 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 3 BP 662 EP 665 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 273KA UT WOS:000253927700019 PM 18326605 ER PT J AU Lin, J Lee, IM Cook, NR Selhub, J Manson, JE Buring, JE Zhang, SM AF Lin, Jennifer Lee, I-Min Cook, Nancy R. Selhub, Jacob Manson, Joann E. Buring, Julie E. Zhang, Shumin M. TI Plasma folate, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, and risk of breast cancer in women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE folate; vitamin B-6; vitamin B-12; breast cancer; cohort study; plasma marker ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN; DIETARY-FOLATE; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PRIMARY PREVENTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; MAMMARY-TUMORS AB Background: B vitamins such as folate, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12 are coenzymes that are important for DNA integrity and stability. Deficiency in these B vitamins may promote tumor carcinogenesis. Objective: We prospectively evaluated plasma concentrations of folate, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP; the principal active form of vitamin 13-6), and vitamin B-12 in relation to breast cancer risk. Design: We included 848 incident cases of invasive breast cancer identified as of 31 March 2004, and 848 individually matched control subjects from 28 345 women in the Women's Health Study aged >= 45 y who provided blood samples and had no history of cancer and cardiovascular disease at baseline in 1993. Logistic regression controlling for matching factors and other risk factors for breast cancer was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs. All statistical tests were 2 sided. Results: Plasma concentrations of folate, PLP, and vitamin B-12 were not associated with overall risk of breast cancer. Women in the highest quintile group relative to those in the lowest quintile had multivariate RRs of 1.42 (95% Cl: 1.00, 2.02) for plasma folate (P for trend = 0.21), 0.91 (95% CI: 0.63, 1.30) for plasma PLP (P for trend = 0.48), and 1.29 (95% CI 0.92,1.82) for plasma vitamin B-12 (P for trend = 0.18). However, higher plasma folate concentrations were moderately associated with an increased risk of developing premenopausal breast cancer (P for trend = 0.04) and for developing estrogen receptor (ER)-positive or progesterone receptor (PR)-positive breast tumors (P for trend <= 0.06). Conversely, an inverse association was seen between plasma PLP and postmenopausal breast cancer (P for trend = 0.04). Conclusions: Data from this study suggest that B vitamins, including folate, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12, may confer little or no reduction in overall risk of developing breast cancer. The observed positive associations of folate status with risk of developing premenopausal breast cancer and ER-positive or PR-positive tumors are unexpected. Additional research is needed to elucidate the role of folate in breast cancer development. C1 [Lin, Jennifer; Lee, I-Min; Cook, Nancy R.; Manson, Joann E.; Buring, Julie E.; Zhang, Shumin M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Manson, Joann E.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Buring, Julie E.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Ambulatory Care & Prevent, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lee, I-Min; Cook, Nancy R.; Manson, Joann E.; Buring, Julie E.; Zhang, Shumin M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lin, J (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med,Dept Med, 900 Commonwealth Ave E, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM jhlin@rics.bwh.harvard.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA104871, CA112529, CA47988]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL43851] NR 71 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 3 BP 734 EP 743 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 273KA UT WOS:000253927700027 PM 18326613 ER PT J AU Perez-Martinez, P Yiannakouris, N Lopez-Miranda, J Arnett, D Tsai, M Galan, E Straka, R Delgado-Lista, J Province, M Ruano, J Borecki, I Hixson, J Garcia-Bailo, B Perez-Jimenez, F Ordovas, JM AF Perez-Martinez, Pablo Yiannakouris, Nikos Lopez-Miranda, Jose Arnett, Donna Tsai, Michael Galan, Enrique Straka, Robert Delgado-Lista, Javier Province, Michael Ruano, Juan Borecki, Ingrid Hixson, James Garcia-Bailo, Bibiana Perez-Jimenez, Francisco Ordovas, Jose M. TI Postprandial triacylglycerol metabolism is modified by the presence of genetic variation at the perilipin (PLIN) locus in 2 white populations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE nutrigenetics; postprandial lipemia; perilipin; triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins; single-nucleotide polymorphisms ID TRIGLYCERIDE-RICH LIPOPROTEINS; HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; 11482G-GREATER-THAN-A POLYMORPHISM; PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; RETINYL ESTERS; OBESITY RISK; SERUM AB Background: Several perilipin (PLIN) polymorphic sites have been studied for their potential use as markers for obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Objective: We aimed to examine whether the presence of polymorphisms at the perilipin (PLIN) locus (PLIN1, 6209T -> C; PLIN4, 11482G -> A; PLIN5, 13041A -> G; and PLIN6, 14995A -> T) influence postprandial lipoprotein metabolism in 2 white populations. Design: Eighty-eight healthy Spanish men and 271 healthy US subjects (men and women) underwent an oral-fat-load test in 2 independent studies. Blood samples were taken in the fasting state and during the postprandial phase at regular intervals. Total cholesterol and triacylglycerol and triacylglycerol in triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins (TRL, large and small) were measured. Results: Carriers of the minor C allele at the PLINI variant displayed lower postprandial concentrations of large-TRL triacylglycerol (Spanish subjects: P = 0.024; US subjects: P = 0.005) than did subjects carrying the T/T genotype. The same pattern was observed in the Spanish population at the PLIN4 locus (P = 0.015), and both SNPs were in strong linkage disequilibrium. In both populations, subjects carrying the minor C and A alleles at PLINI and PLIN4, respectively, had significantly lower postprandial concentrations of plasma triacylglycerol (P < 0.05) and lower concentrations of small-TRL triacylglycerol than did those who were homozygous for the major alleles at PLINI and PLIN4 (Spanish subjects: P = 0.020 and 0.008, respectively; US subjects: P = 0.021 and 0.035, respectively). Conclusion: These 2 studies suggest that the presence of the minor C and A alleles at PLINI and PLIN4, respectively, are associated with a lower postprandial response that may result in lower atherogenic risk for these persons. C1 [Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Yiannakouris, Nikos; Garcia-Bailo, Bibiana; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Lopez-Miranda, Jose; Galan, Enrique; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Ruano, Juan; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco] Univ Cordoba, Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba, Spain. [Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Lopez-Miranda, Jose; Galan, Enrique; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Ruano, Juan; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CB06 03, Madrid, Spain. [Yiannakouris, Nikos] Harokopio Univ Athens, Dept Nutr & Dietet, Athens, Greece. [Arnett, Donna] Univ Alabama, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Tsai, Michael] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Straka, Robert] Univ Minnesota, Dept Expt & Clin Pharmacol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Province, Michael; Borecki, Ingrid] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Stat Genom, St Louis, MO USA. [Hixson, James] Univ Texas Houston, Ctr Human Genet, Houston, TX USA. RP Perez-Martinez, P (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM pablopermar@yahoo.es OI Ruano, Juan/0000-0002-0286-4107; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-7499-7681; Perez Martinez, Pablo/0000-0001-7716-8117; Perez Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-9808-1280; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [U 01 HL72524] NR 40 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 3 BP 744 EP 752 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 273KA UT WOS:000253927700028 PM 18326614 ER PT J AU Clark, GG AF Clark, Gary G. TI Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in northern Mexico and South Texas: Do they really respect the border? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Editorial Material ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; DISEASE; ARIZONA; VIRUS C1 [Clark, Gary G.] USDA, ARS, CMAVE, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Clark, GG (reprint author), USDA, ARS, CMAVE, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM gary.clark@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 78 IS 3 BP 361 EP 362 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 273KE UT WOS:000253928100002 PM 18337325 ER PT J AU Vega, FE AF Vega, Fernando E. TI The rise of coffee SO AMERICAN SCIENTIST LA English DT Article C1 [Vega, Fernando E.] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Vega, FE (reprint author), 14609 Pebblestone Dr, Silver Spring, MD 20905 USA. EM fevega@hotmail.com OI Vega, Fernando E./0000-0001-8103-5640 NR 0 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIGMA XI-SCI RES SOC PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 13975, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 0003-0996 J9 AM SCI JI Am. Scientist PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 96 IS 2 BP 138 EP 145 DI 10.1511/2008.70.3640 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 262GL UT WOS:000253136900017 ER PT J AU Patton, BS Huff-Lonergan, E Honeyman, MS Crouse, JD Kerr, BJ Lonergan, SM AF Patton, B. S. Huff-Lonergan, E. Honeyman, M. S. Crouse, J. D. Kerr, B. J. Lonergan, S. M. TI Effects of deep-bedded finishing system on market pig performance, composition and pork quality SO ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE pork quality; pig production ID MEAT QUALITY; GROWING-PIGS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; CARCASS COMPOSITION; FATTY-ACIDS; REARING ENVIRONMENT; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; HOUSING SYSTEMS; HOOP STRUCTURES AB The purpose of this study was to compare effects of finishing environment on growth performance, pork quality and lipid composition of pork. Environments compared were standard confinement (CON) and deep-bedded semi-outdoor systems. The deep-bedded method employed in the. current study was the use of hoop structures. Hoops are large, tent-like shelters with cornstalks or straw for bedding-Gilts ranging in weight from 59 to 71 kg were randomly assigned to treatments of Hoop (n = 50) and CON (n = 18) environments. Gilts were fed a two-phase dietary sequence, ad libitum for 45 days. Six gilts per treatment were selected for carcass composition and quality evaluation. The experiment was replicated a total of five times. Pigs raised in the Hoop environment gained significantly less and required significantly more feed for growth than pigs raised in the CON environment. Carcasses from CON-finished pigs were significantly fatter at the 10th rib, which lowered carcass percentage fat-free lean(FFL) and they also had greater loin marbling scores compared with carcasses from Hoop-finished pigs (P < 0.05). Significant replication effects were noted on beginning weight, live weight, carcass weight, percentage FFL, backtat, lipid content and adipose firmness. Carcasses from Hoop pigs had lower proportions of palmitic acid (P < 0.05), and higher proportions of oleic and linoleic acid (P < 0.05) in the inner layer of adipose tissue. The proportion of saturated fatty acid was lower, and that of mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acid was higher in the inner layer of the adipose tissue of Hoop pigs. Variations in fatty acid composition and lipid deposition may have been caused by environmental temperature, since decreases in environmental temperature accompanied compositional variation of the adipose, leading to higher proportions of monounsaturated fatty acid and lower proportions of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid in adipose tissue, regardless of treatment. Volatile profile analysis revealed that adipose tissue of Hoop pigs had significantly higher amounts of 3-butanal and heptanal compared with CON pigs, which may be related to the amount of oleic and linoleic acids composing the adipose tissue. These data indicate finishing pigs in hoop structures allows for exposure to fluctuating temperatures, which may influence the growth of pigs, as well as fatty acid composition and firmness of pork products. C1 [Patton, B. S.; Huff-Lonergan, E.; Honeyman, M. S.; Lonergan, S. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Crouse, J. D.; Kerr, B. J.] USDA ARS, Swine Odor & Manure Management Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Patton, BS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM slonerga@iastate.edu RI Huff-Lonergan, Elisabeth/C-7557-2009; Lonergan, Steven/O-6233-2016 OI Huff-Lonergan, Elisabeth/0000-0001-5012-3277; NR 46 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1751-7311 J9 ANIMAL JI Animal PD MAR PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 459 EP 470 DI 10.1017/S1751731107001292 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA 268WE UT WOS:000253609900017 PM 22445049 ER PT J AU Patton, BS Huff-Lonergan, E Honeyman, MS Kerr, BJ Lonergan, SM AF Patton, B. S. Huff-Lonergan, E. Honeyman, M. S. Kerr, B. J. Lonergan, S. M. TI Effects of space allocation within a deep-bedded finishing system on pig growth performance, fatty acid composition and pork quality SO ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE pork composition; pork quality; stocking density ID MUSCLE-FIBER CHARACTERISTICS; MEAT QUALITY; GROWING-PIGS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; GROUP-SIZE; ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT; BEHAVIOR; REQUIREMENTS; WELFARE; TEMPERATURE AB The objectives of the current study were to determine the degree to which space allocation in a deep-bedded system influences swine performance and pork quality. The deep-bedded method employed was hoop structures, which are large, tent-like shelters with cornstalks or straw for bedding. One hundred gilts ranging in weight from 59 to 71 kg were randomly assigned to treatments of low (0.70 m(2) per pig, n = 50) or high (1.13 m(2) per pig, n = 50) space allocation. During the 45-day experimental period, gilts were ad libitum fed a two-phase diet. Six gilts per treatment were used for carcass composition and pork quality evaluation for each replication. Five replications were conducted over a period of 4 months. Pigs finished with greater space allocation had smaller longissimus muscle area and produced pork that appeared to be darker Variations in fatty acid composition and lipid percentage of subcutaneous adipose and longissimus dorsi muscle were observed when space allocation was changed within hoop structures. Less space resulted in greater proportion of lipid present as polyunsaturated fatty acids. Greater space allocation resulted in lower total lipid in subcutaneous pork adipose tissue. Space allocation did not affect fat firmness. Replications spanned the months of August to November, with temperatures ranging from 32 degrees C to -2 degrees C within the hoop structure, As environmental temperature declined, the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids increased. Providing more space during finishing in these systems had only a small affect on pig growth and pork quality. Variations observed from replication to replication at fluctuating temperatures provide insight to seasonal differences in growth and adipose tissue composition and firmness. Therefore, finishing pigs in these systems may lead to seasonal variation in livid composition. C1 [Patton, B. S.; Huff-Lonergan, E.; Honeyman, M. S.; Lonergan, S. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kerr, B. J.] USDA ARS, Swine Odor & Manure Management Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Patton, BS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM slonerga@iastate.edu RI Huff-Lonergan, Elisabeth/C-7557-2009; Lonergan, Steven/O-6233-2016 OI Huff-Lonergan, Elisabeth/0000-0001-5012-3277; NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1751-7311 J9 ANIMAL JI Animal PD MAR PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 471 EP 478 DI 10.1017/S1751731107001280 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA 268WE UT WOS:000253609900018 PM 22445050 ER PT J AU Atwood, TC Gese, EM AF Atwood, Todd C. Gese, Eric M. TI Coyotes and recolonizing wolves: social rank mediates risk-conditional behaviour at ungulate carcasses SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE agonism; Canis latrans; Canis lupus; resource partitioning; scavenging; social dominance ID AFRICAN WILD DOGS; PREDATION RISK; NATIONAL-PARK; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; TIME ALLOCATION; GROUP-SIZE; CARNIVORES; COVER; VIGILANCE; RESPONSES AB Wolf, Canis lupus, recolonization of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem provides a rare opportunity to identify behaviours facilitating coexistence between sympatric canids. We investigated interactions between coyotes, Canis latrans, and recolonizing wolves at ungulate carcasses in Montana's Madison Range. We used a field-experimental study design consisting of a two-level carcass treatment (wolf presence, wolf absence) to assess factors influencing coyote risk assessment, carrion consumption and aggressive encounters with wolves. Socially dominant coyotes (alphas and betas) responded to wolf presence by increasing the proportion of time spent vigilant while scavenging. Vigilance behaviour was more pronounced when scavenging closer to structurally complex vegetation where lateral occlusion inhibited the ability of coyotes to scan for, and possibly escape from, returning wolves. Despite greater time spent vigilant, alpha coyotes consumed the greatest amount of carrion biomass by feeding on carcasses in earlier stages of consumption when organs and large muscle tissues were still present. This finding suggests that alpha coyotes might trade off greater risk for higher-quality food items. Coyotes would aggressively confront wolves: numerical advantage by coyotes and the stage of carcass consumption were influential in determining whether coyotes were able to displace wolves from carcasses. Coyotes relied on a gradient of risk-sensitive behaviours, ranging from elevated vigilance to aggressive confrontation, to manage risk associated with wolf presence. Identification of these behaviours, and their sensitivity to numeric and social factors, is an important step in elucidating mechanisms of resource partitioning in social canids. The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Atwood, Todd C.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Gese, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Dept Wildland Resources,APHIS,WS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Atwood, TC (reprint author), Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Phoenix, AZ 85023 USA. EM tatwood@azgfd.gov RI Gese, Eric/B-4578-2011 NR 56 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 9 U2 53 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 EI 1095-8282 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 75 BP 753 EP 762 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.08.024 PN 3 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA 278BD UT WOS:000254257500002 ER PT J AU Dozier, WA Kidd, MT Corzo, A Owens, PR Branton, SL AF Dozier, W. A., III Kidd, M. T. Corzo, A. Owens, P. R. Branton, S. L. TI Live performance and environmental impact of broiler chickens fed diets varying in amino acids and phytase SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amino acid; broiler; nitrogen excretion; phytase ID MICROBIAL PHYTASE; AMMONIA CONCENTRATION; PHOSPHORUS EXCRETION; COMMERCIAL BROILERS; LITTER COMPOSITION; CRUDE PROTEIN; GROWTH; DENSITY; SUPPLEMENTATION; DIGESTIBILITY AB This research examined the effects of decreasing dietary amino acid density (AAD) and potential interactions of AAD and phytase on growth and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) excretion of broiler chickens. In experiment 1, diets were formulated to high (H) or moderate (M) AAD during prestarter (1-7 days), starter (8-19 days), and grower (20-35 days) resulting in the following dietary treatments: HHH, HHM, HMM, and MMM. The HHH feeding regimen improved (P <= 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion (FCR) from I to 35 days of age, but increased (P <= 0.05) N content of the excreta by 180 g/kg. In Experiment 2, three diets were fed from 36 to 49 days varying in AAD (H, M, and low, L) with (500 units/kg) or without supplemental phytase. Broilers fed a diet formulated to L AAD had high FCR. Increasing AAD increased (P <= 0.05) N excretion by 0.56 and 0.80 g per bird compared with M and L AAD, respectively. Phytase supplementation reduced (P <= 0.05) P excretion by 0.18 g per bird, but BWG and FCR were not affected. Dietary phytase and AAD did not interact to reduce N excretion. These results indicate that N excretion could be reduced with dietary manipulation, but effects on FCR should be considered. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dozier, W. A., III; Branton, S. L.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Kidd, M. T.; Corzo, A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Owens, P. R.] USDA ARS, Waste Management Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Dozier, WA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM bdozier@msa-msstate.ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 2008 VL 141 IS 1-2 BP 92 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.04.012 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 273KF UT WOS:000253928300007 ER PT J AU Sealey, WM Barrows, FT Hang, A Johansen, KA Overturf, K LaPatra, SE Hardy, RW AF Sealey, W. M. Barrows, F. T. Hang, A. Johansen, K. A. Overturf, K. LaPatra, S. E. Hardy, R. W. TI Evaluation of the ability of barley genotypes containing different amounts of beta-glucan to alter growth and disease resistance of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE barley genotypes; beta-glucan; rainbow trout; immune function ID SALAR L MACROPHAGES; NF-KAPPA-B; NONSPECIFIC DEFENSE; FISH; IMMUNOSTIMULANTS; CARBOHYDRATE; PHAGOCYTOSIS; STIMULATION; ACTIVATION; RECEPTORS AB A feeding trial was performed to screen three barley genotypes containing different levels of beta-glucan for their ability to influence growth, immune function, and disease resistance of rainbow trout. Three experimental diets were prepared by substituting each of three barley genotypes containing different amounts of beta-glucan, low (38 g/kg), average (52 g/kg) and high (82 g/kg) beta-glucan barley, respectively, for the entire wheat portion (321 g/kg) of the diet. An additional test diet which consisted of the control diet supplemented with a commercially available yeast beta-glucan product (MacroGard) at the manufacturer's recommended level of 2 g/kg also was evaluated. Juvenile rainbow trout (approximately 14.3 g initial weight) cultured in 145 L fiberglass tanks (three tanks/diet; 50 fish/tank) in a fresh water flow through system were fed the test diets by hand to satiation for 9 weeks. At 3 and 9 weeks post weighing, fish were sampled for determination of respiratory burst activity, and lysozyme and TNF-alpha expression. At the conclusion of the feeding trial, fish remaining after sampling were pooled by diet; one subsample was examined for their ability to respond humorally to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and two other subsamples were challenged by intraperitoneal injection with a virulent strain of the same virus. Substituting barley flour for wheat flour in a fish-meal based diet did not substantially alter weight gain or proximate composition of rainbow trout. In contrast, positive effects of barley genotype on disease resistance were observed. Trout fed the average or high beta-glucan barley genotypes had survival rates similar to those fed the commercially available yeast beta-glucan supplemented diet and higher than trout fed the wheat control diet following viral challenge. The results indicate that select barley genotypes can be substituted for wheat without significant detrimental effects on production efficiency while potentially increasing resistance to viral pathogens. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sealey, W. M.; Hardy, R. W.] Univ Idaho, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Barrows, F. T.; Johansen, K. A.; Overturf, K.] USDA ARS, HAgerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Hang, A.] USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [LaPatra, S. E.] Clear Springs Foods Inc, Res Div, Buhl, ID 83316 USA. RP Sealey, WM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, 3059F Natl Fish Hatchery Rd, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. EM wsealey@uidaho.edu NR 36 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 2008 VL 141 IS 1-2 BP 115 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.05.022 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 273KF UT WOS:000253928300009 ER PT J AU Yaroch, AL Tooze, J Ramos, UC Shaikh, A Thompson, F McNutt, S Moshfegh, A Nebeling, L AF Yaroch, Amy L. Tooze, Janet Ramos, Uriyoan Colon Shaikh, Abdul Thompson, Frances McNutt, Suzanne Moshfegh, Alanna Nebeling, Linda TI Is bigger better? Validity of three screeners to assess fruit and vegetable intake SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yaroch, Amy L.; Ramos, Uriyoan Colon; Shaikh, Abdul; Thompson, Frances; Nebeling, Linda] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Tooze, Janet] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [McNutt, Suzanne] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Moshfegh, Alanna] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. EM yarocha@mail.nih.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 35 BP S185 EP S185 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 348YH UT WOS:000259245500721 ER PT J AU Simmons, AM Legaspi, JC Legaspi, BC AF Simmons, Alvin M. Legaspi, Jesusa C. Legaspi, Benjamin C. TI Responses of Delphastus catalinae (Coleoptera : Coccinellidae), a predator of whiteflies (Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae), to relative humidity: Oviposition, hatch, and immature survival SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE bemisia tabaci; Delphastus catalinae; biological control; predator; survival ID BEMISIA-ARGENTIFOLII HOMOPTERA; COASTAL SOUTH-CAROLINA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PUSILLUS COLEOPTERA; NEPHASPIS-OCULATUS; TEMPERATURES; PARASITOIDS; HISTORY AB Delphastus catalinae (Horn) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a predator of whiteflies. It is tropical in origin. Whiteflies cause problems in agriculture in both humid and and environments. A study was conducted to determine any effects of relative humidity on oviposition, hatching, and survival of immature D. catalinae. Comparative tests were conducted among relative humidities of 25, 35, 50, and 85% and between 10 and 85% RH. All tests were conducted at 26 degrees C; hence, vapor pressure deficits ranged from 5.04 to 30.25 mb. The study was conducted using the B-biotype sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), as the host insect, which was reared on collard, Brassica oleracea ssp. acephala de Condolle. Egg hatch and survival to the adult stage were reduced at the lower relative humidities. At 85% RH, 99% of the eggs hatched and approximate to 90% of the beginning cohort survived to the adult stage. Conversely, approximate to 85% hatched and approximate to 60% survived to the adult stage at 25% RH, whereas 50% survived to the adult stage at 10% RH. Eggs required more time to develop at 10% RH (5.3 d) compared with 85% RH (4.1 d); a test was not set up to compare the developmental times for the larval and pupal stages. Weights of male and female D. catalinae were significantly reduced with a reduction in humidity. The results also suggest that density of immature D. catalinae, limited food supply, or both may affect survival and size of the ensuing adults. These results help in the understanding of the ecology of D. catalinae, and they indicate that extremes in ambient moisture can have an impact on the population of this predator. C1 [Simmons, Alvin M.; Legaspi, Jesusa C.; Legaspi, Benjamin C.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Legaspi, Jesusa C.] Florida A&M Univ, USDA ARS, CMAVE, Ctr Biol Control, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. RP Simmons, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM alvin.simmons@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 11 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 378 EP 383 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2008)101[378:RODCCC]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 270SL UT WOS:000253740400013 ER PT J AU Fielding, DJ AF Fielding, Dennis J. TI Diapause traits of Melanoplus sanguinipes and Melanoplus borealis (Orthoptera : Acrididae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE diapause; Melanoplus; chilling; respiration ID EMBRYONIC DIAPAUSE; LIFE-CYCLE; GYPSY-MOTH; GRASSHOPPER; MODEL; EVOLUTION; CHRYSOMELIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; POPULATIONS; ADAPTATION AB A thorough understanding of diapause development in insects is needed for prediction of population responses to climate change, for realistic simulation models, and for effective pest management. In Melanoplus sanguinipes F. and Melanoplus borealis (Fieber) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), diapause typically occurs in embryos at a late stage of development. Experiments were conducted to compare diapause traits in two populations of M. sanguinipes, one from Alaska and one from Idaho, and also in a population of M. borealis from Alaska. Respiration was measured at different stages of embryonic development. As the embryos entered diapause, respiration rates declined over a period of 4-8 d to levels approximate to 70% lower than peak rates of prediapause, late stage embryos, in all populations. in the Idaho population, subjecting prediapause embryos to a cold treatment (5 degrees C) caused the embryo to avert diapause: respiration in these embryos continued to increase after chilling as the embryo developed directly to hatching. In M. borealis and M. sanguinipes from Alaska, chilling of prediapause embryos did not affect subsequent diapause development: respiration rates in these embryos increased until they entered diapause and then declined. About the same amount of time at 5 degrees C was necessary to avert diapause in early stage embryos of the Idaho population as was required to terminate diapause in late stage embryos. Respiration rates of diapausing embryos increased with increasing time spent at 5 degrees C. Respiration continued to increase after transfer to warm temperatures in those that had completed diapause, but in those that had not, respiration soon declined back to diapause levels. In general, there was less flexibility in the diapause program among grasshoppers from Alaska. C1 Univ Alaska, USDA ARS, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Fielding, DJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska, USDA ARS, POB 757200, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ffdjf1@uaf.edu NR 31 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 11 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 101 IS 2 BP 439 EP 448 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2008)101[439:DTOMSA]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 270SL UT WOS:000253740400021 ER PT J AU Line, JE Svetoch, EA EruslanoV, BV Perelygin, VV Mitsevich, EV Mitsevich, IP Levchuk, VP Svetoch, OE Seal, BS Siragusa, GR Stern, NJ AF Line, J. E. Svetoch, E. A. EruslanoV, B. V. Perelygin, V. V. Mitsevich, E. V. Mitsevich, I. P. Levchuk, V. P. Svetoch, O. E. Seal, B. S. Siragusa, G. R. Stern, N. J. TI Isolation and purification of enterocin E-760 with broad antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID CLASS IIA BACTERIOCINS; LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; LACTOBACILLUS-ACIDOPHILUS; LACTACIN-F; AMINO-ACID; PEDIOCOCCUS-ACIDILACTICI; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; FAECIUM; STRAIN AB Strain NRR.L B-30745, isolated from chicken ceca and identified as Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecium, or Enterococcus hirae, was initially identified as antagonistic to Campylobacter jejuni. The isolate produced a 5,362-Da bacteriocin (enterocin) that inhibits the growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, S. enterica serovar Choleraesuis, S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, S. enterica serovar Gallinarum, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Yersinia enterocolitica, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morgand, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni, and 20 other Campylobacter species isolates. The enterocin, E-760, was isolated and purified by cation-exchange and hydrophobic-interaction chromatographies. The proteinaceous nature of purified enterocin E-760 was demonstrated upon treatment with various proteolytic enzymes. Specifically, the antimicrobial peptide was found to be sensitive to beta-chymotrypsin, proteinase K, and papain, while it was resistant to lysozyme and lipase. The enterocin demonstrated thermostability by retaining activity after 5 min at 100 degrees C and was stable at pH values between 5.0 and 8.7. However, activity was lost below pH 3.0 and above pH 9.5. Administration of enterocin E-760-treated feed significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the colonization of young broiler chicks experimentally challenged and colonized with two strains of C. jejuni by more than 8 log(10) CFU. Enterocin E-760 also significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the colonization of naturally acquired Campylobacter species in market age broiler chickens when administered in treated feed 4 days prior to analysis. C1 [Line, J. E.; Seal, B. S.; Siragusa, G. R.; Stern, N. J.] USDA ARS, Russian Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Svetoch, E. A.; EruslanoV, B. V.; Perelygin, V. V.; Mitsevich, E. V.; Mitsevich, I. P.; Levchuk, V. P.; Svetoch, O. E.] State Res Ctr Appl Microbiol & Biotechnol, Obolensk, Russia. RP Line, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russian Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM eric.line@ars.usda.gov NR 58 TC 93 Z9 106 U1 5 U2 22 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 52 IS 3 BP 1094 EP 1100 DI 10.1128/AAC.01569-06 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 268BS UT WOS:000253553500038 PM 18086839 ER PT J AU Pitts-Singer, TL Bosch, J Kemp, WP Trostle, GE AF Pitts-Singer, Theresa L. Bosch, Jordi Kemp, William P. Trostle, Glen E. TI Field use of an incubation box for improved emergence timing of Osmia lignaria populations used for orchard pollination SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE megachilidae; Osmia lignaria; blue orchard bee; incubation; pollination ID PROPINQUA CRESSON; APPLE ORCHARDS; ALMOND ORCHARDS; MEGACHILIDAE; HYMENOPTERA; TEMPERATURE; SURVIVAL; CORNUTA; YIELDS; TIME AB Wintered populations of blue orchard bees, Osmia lignaria, may require incubation to time emergence to crop bloom. In this study, bee nests were placed in an almond ( California) and an apple ( Utah) orchard under two incubation treatments: in wood blocks and field incubation boxes. Loose cocoons were also placed in the boxes. Incubation boxes had heating units (set to max. temperature = 22 degrees C) to increase or prolong daytime temperatures to higher than ambient (>= 14 degrees C higher in Utah). Bee emergence was monitored, and temperatures were recorded. The incubation boxes allowed for faster accumulation of heat units compared to wood blocks. Bees survived well under all conditions (> 90% emergence). Compared to bees in wood blocks, females in incubation boxes required three days less in CA and eight days less in Utah for 50% emergence. Results show the utility of heated incubation boxes for shortening O. lignaria emergence time, helping to synchronize bee emergence with bloom initiation. C1 [Pitts-Singer, Theresa L.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84326 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Ecol CREAF, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. USDA ARS, RRVARC, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Pitts-Singer, TL (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84326 USA. EM Theresa.Pitts-Singer@ARS.USDA.GOV OI Bosch , Jordi/0000-0002-8088-9457 NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 17 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 39 IS 2 BP 235 EP 246 DI 10.1051/apido:2007061 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 287MI UT WOS:000254920800005 ER PT J AU Hodges, EA Hughes, SO Hopkinson, J Fisher, JO AF Hodges, Eric A. Hughes, Sheryl O. Hopkinson, Judy Fisher, Jennifer O. TI Maternal decisions about the initiation and termination of infant feeding SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE feeding; responsiveness; infant; maternal; parenting; qualitative content analysis ID WEIGHT-GAIN; ADOLESCENTS; TEMPERAMENT; CHILDREN AB Caregiver responsiveness to infant hunger and fullness Cues is thought to play a role in the development of overweight during infancy, but this aspect of infant feeding has received little study. This research used a qualitative approach to understand aspects of feeding responsiveness involving maternal perception and interpretation of infant feeding cues by asking mothers about factors they used to initiate and terminate infant feeding. Participants were 7 1 ethnically diverse mothers of healthy, term infants at 3, 6, or 12 months of age. Mothers were asked three questions about feeding initiation and termination. Qualitative content analysis was used to derive major themes. Results revealed that the extent to which infant cues were prominent in maternal approaches to feeding was variable. Some mothers focused on amount consumed or eating schedule whereas others reported sole orientation to infant state and/or oral behaviors. Other themes involved the range of intensity and specificity of the infant cues that prompted feeding initiation and termination. The qualitative findings Suggest that mothers may differ in the extent to which they perceive and rely upon infant hunger and fullness Cues to initiate and terminate feeding. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hodges, Eric A.; Hughes, Sheryl O.; Hopkinson, Judy; Fisher, Jennifer O.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Hodges, EA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM eahodges@email.unc.edn FU NICHD NIH HHS [T32 HD007445]; NIDDK NIH HHS [K01 DK61319-01, K01 DK061319] NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 EI 1095-8304 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD MAR-MAY PY 2008 VL 50 IS 2-3 BP 333 EP 339 DI 10.1016/j.appet.2007.08.010 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 276FL UT WOS:000254126600018 PM 17977617 ER PT J AU Zhu, JY Vahey, DW Scott, CT Myers, GC AF Zhu, J. Y. Vahey, D. W. Scott, C. T. Myers, G. C. TI Effect of tree-growth rate on papermaking fibre properties SO APPITA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE SilviScan; ring profiler; growth rate; wood density; tracheid; fibre; wall thickness; anatomical properties; tracheid diameters ID WOOD DENSITY; NORWAY SPRUCE; TRANSVERSE DIMENSIONS; ANATOMICAL PROPERTIES; RAPID MEASUREMENT; TRACHEID LENGTH; RADIATA PINE; RING WIDTH AB Measurements of wood density and anatomical properties of wood disks were conducted by SilviScan (CSIRO Australia) and a new imaging technique. The disks included red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) obtained from a never-thinned experimental forest with five different plantation densities and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco) and lodgepole pine (P. contorta Engelm.) (one normal growth and the other suppressed growth), both supplied by a sawmill. The results indicated that the effect of tree-growing conditions can be effectively characterised by radial annual growth rate. Growth suppression produced wood with less distinction in wood density, tracheid radial diameter, and wall thickness between earlywood and latewood. C1 [Zhu, J. Y.; Vahey, D. W.; Scott, C. T.; Myers, G. C.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU APPITA PI CARLTON PA CARLTON CLOCK TOWER, STE 47 255 DRUMMOND ST, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 1038-6807 J9 APPITA J JI Appita J. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 61 IS 2 BP 141 EP + PG 8 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 280US UT WOS:000254452500019 ER PT J AU Park, KT Dahl, JL Bannantine, JP Barletta, RG Ahn, J Allen, AJ Hamilton, MJ Davis, WC AF Park, Kun Taek Dahl, John L. Bannantine, John P. Barletta, Raul G. Ahn, Jongsam Allen, Andrew J. Hamilton, Mary Jo Davis, William C. TI Demonstration of allelic exchange in the slow-growing bacterium Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis, and generation of mutants with deletions at the pknG, relA, and lsr2 Loci SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSPOSON MUTAGENESIS; BOVIS BCG; SPECIALIZED TRANSDUCTION; VIRULENCE DETERMINANTS; ECONOMIC-LOSSES; JOHNES-DISEASE; TUBERCULOSIS; SMEGMATIS; GENE; RECOMBINATION AB Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the causative pathogen of Johne's disease, a chronic inflammatory wasting disease in ruminants. This disease has been difficult to control because of the lack of an effective vaccine. To address this need, we adapted a specialized transduction system originally developed for M. tuberculosis and modified it to improve the efficiency of allelic exchange in order to generate site-directed mutations in preselected M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genes. With our novel optimized method, the allelic exchange frequency was 78 to 100% and the transduction frequency was 1.1 x 10(-7) to 2.9 x 10(-7). Three genes were selected for mutagenesis:pknG and rel4, which are genes that are known to be important virulence factors in M. tuberculosis and M. bovis, and lsr2, a gene regulating lipid biosynthesis and antibiotic resistance. Mutants were successfully generated with a virulent strain of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis K10) and with a recombinant K10 strain expressing the green fluorescent protein gene, gfp. The improved efficiency of disruption of selected genes in M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis should accelerate development of additional mutants for vaccine testing and functional studies. C1 [Park, Kun Taek; Hamilton, Mary Jo; Davis, William C.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dahl, John L.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bannantine, John P.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Barletta, Raul G.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Ahn, Jongsam] Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Allen, Andrew J.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Davis, WC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM davisw@vetmed.wsu.edu OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898; Park, Kun Taek/0000-0001-6177-0373 NR 38 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 74 IS 6 BP 1687 EP 1695 DI 10.1128/AEM.01208-07 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 275IR UT WOS:000254065600002 PM 18192416 ER PT J AU Wagner, BA Straw, BE Fedorka-Cray, PJ Dargatz, DA AF Wagner, Bruce A. Straw, Barbara E. Fedorka-Cray, Paula J. Dargatz, David A. TI Effect of antimicrobial dosage regimen on Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolates from feeder swine SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; PIGS; TYPHIMURIUM; ENTERICA; FOOD; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; CATTLE; TRACT; HERDS AB A body of evidence exists that suggests that antimicrobial use in food animals leads to resistance in both pathogenic and commensal bacteria. This study focused on the impact of three different antimicrobial regimes (low-level continuous, pulse, and no antimicrobial) for two antimicrobials (chlortetracycline and tylosin) on the presence of Salmonella spp. and on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance of both Salmonella spp. and nonspecific Escherichia coli in fecal samples from feeder swine. The prevalence of fecal samples positive for Salmonella spp. significantly decreased between the samples taken at feeder placement compared to samples taken when the animals were close to market weight. Differences in resistance of Salmonella spp. did not appear to be influenced by dosing treatment including the control. Analysis of antimicrobial resistance examining both susceptibility and resistance, as well as MIC outcomes, demonstrated that only resistance to cephalothin increased in E. coli under the pulse chlortetracycline treatment. These results suggest that the dosing regimes examined in this study did not lead to an increase in either the prevalence of Salmonella spp. or the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Salmonella spp. or E. coli. C1 [Wagner, Bruce A.; Dargatz, David A.] USDA, Ctr Epidemiol, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Wagner, Bruce A.; Dargatz, David A.] USDA, Ctr Anim Hlth, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Straw, Barbara E.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fedorka-Cray, Paula J.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Wagner, BA (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Epidemiol, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM bruce.a.wagner@aphis.usda.gov NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 74 IS 6 BP 1731 EP 1739 DI 10.1128/AEM.01132-07 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 275IR UT WOS:000254065600008 PM 18223115 ER PT J AU Whitehead, TR Price, NP Drake, HL Cotta, MA AF Whitehead, Terence R. Price, Neil P. Drake, Harold L. Cotta, Michael A. TI Catabolic pathway for the production of skatole and indoleacetic acid by the acetogen Clostridium drakei, Clostridium scatologenes, and swine manure SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 3-METHYLINDOLE SKATOLE; INDOLIC COMPOUNDS; LACTOBACILLUS SP; CO2 EQUIVALENTS; STORAGE PITS; STRAIN SL1; BACTERIA; RUMEN; THERMOACETICUM; ANDROSTENONE AB Skatole (3-methylindole) is a malodorous chemical in stored swine manure and is implicated as a component of foul-tasting pork. Definitive evidence for the skatole pathway is lacking. Deuterium-labeled substrates were employed to resolve this pathway in the acetogenic bacterium Clostridium drakei and Clostridium scatologenes and to determine if a similar pathway is used by microorganisms present in stored swine manure. Indoleacetic acid (IAA) was synthesized from tryptophan by both bacteria, and skatole was synthesized from both LAA and tryptophan. Microorganisms in swine manure produced skatole and other oxidation products from tryptophan, but IAA yielded only skatole. A catabolic mechanism for the synthesis of skatole is proposed. C1 [Whitehead, Terence R.; Cotta, Michael A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, FBT, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Price, Neil P.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Drake, Harold L.] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Ecol Microbiol, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. RP Whitehead, TR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, FBT, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM terry.whitehead@ars.usda.gov RI Whitehead, Terence/B-5235-2009; OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754 NR 30 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 74 IS 6 BP 1950 EP 1953 DI 10.1128/AEM.02458-07 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 275IR UT WOS:000254065600035 PM 18223109 ER PT J AU Gupta, R Kim, TH Lee, YY AF Gupta, Rajesh Kim, Tae Hyun Lee, Yoon Y. TI Substrate dependency and effect of xylanase supplementation on enzymatic hydrolysis of ammonia-treated biomass SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hybrid poplar; corn stover; xylanase; aqueous ammonia; pretreatment ID CORN STOVER; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; CELLULOSE MICROFIBRILS; PERCOLATION PROCESS; HERBACEOUS BIOMASS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; AQUEOUS AMMONIA; LIGNIN REMOVAL; SULFURIC-ACID; BIRCH XYLAN AB Pretreatment based on aqueous ammonia was investigated under two different modes of operation: soaking in aqueous ammonia and ammonia recycle percolation. These processes were applied to three different feedstocks with varied composition: corn stover, high lignin (HL), and low lignin (LL) hybrid poplars. One of the important features of ammonia-based pretreatment is that most of the hemicellulose is retained after treatment, which simplifies the overall bioconversion process and enhances the conversion efficiency. The pretreatment processes were optimized for these feedstocks, taking carbohydrate retention as well as sugar yield in consideration. The data indicate that hybrid poplar is more difficult to treat than corn stover, thus, requires more severe conditions. On the other hand, hybrid poplar has a beneficial property that it retains most of the hemicellulose after pretreatment. To enhance the digestibility of ammonia-treated poplars, xylanase was supplemented during enzymatic hydrolysis. Because of high retention of hemicellulose in treated hybrid poplar, xylanase supplementation significantly improved xylan as well as glucan digestibility. Of the three feedstocks, best results and highest improvement by xylanase addition was observed with LL hybrid poplar, showing 90% of overall sugar yield. C1 [Gupta, Rajesh; Lee, Yoon Y.] Auburn Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. [Kim, Tae Hyun] USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr NAA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Lee, YY (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 207 Ross Hall, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. EM yylee@eng.auburn.edu NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 8 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 148 IS 1-3 BP 59 EP 70 DI 10.1007/s12010-007-8071-5 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 289MD UT WOS:000255057700006 PM 18418740 ER PT J AU Rodrigues, RCLB Lu, CF Lin, B Jeffries, TW AF Rodrigues, Rita C. L. B. Lu, Chenfeng Lin, Bernice Jeffries, Thomas W. TI Fermentation kinetics for xylitol production by a Pichia stipitis D-Xylulokinase mutant previously grown in spent sulfite liquor SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY APR 29-MAY 02, 2007 CL Denver, CO DE xylitol; yeast; xylose; ammonia spent sulfite liquor-SSL; inoculum adaptation; enzymes ID CANDIDA-GUILLIERMONDII CELLS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; XYLOSE; DEHYDROGENASE; SOFTWOOD; HARDWOOD; YEASTS AB Spent sulfite pulping liquor (SSL) contains lignin, which is present as lignosulfonate, and hemicelluloses that are present as hydrolyzed carbohydrates. To reduce the biological oxygen demand of SSL associated with dissolved sugars, we studied the capacity of Pichia stipitis FPL-YS30 (xyl3 Delta) to convert these sugars into useful products. FPL-YS30 produces a negligible amount of ethanol while converting xylose into xylitol. This work describes the xylose fermentation kinetics of yeast strain P.stipitis FPL-YS30. Yeast was grown in rich medium supplemented with different carbon sources: glucose, xylose, or ammonia-base SSL. The SSL and glucose-acclimatized cells showed similar maximum specific growth rates (0.146 h(-1)). The highest xylose consumption at the beginning of the fermentation process occurred using cells precultivated in xylose, which showed relatively high specific activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49). However, the maximum specific rates of xylose consumption (0.19 g(xylose)/g(cel) h) and xylitol production (0.059 g(xylitol)/g(cel) h) were obtained with cells acclimatized in glucose, in which the ratio between xylose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) and xylitol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.9) was kept at higher level (0.82). In this case, xylitol production (31.6 g/l) was 19 and 8% higher than in SSL and xylose-acclimatized cells, respectively. Maximum glycerol (6.26 g/l) and arabitol (0.206 g/l) production were obtained using SSL and xylose-acclimatized cells, respectively. The medium composition used for the yeast precultivation directly reflected their xylose fermentation performance. The SSL could be used as a carbon source for cell production. However, the inoculum condition to obtain a high cell concentration in SSL needs to be optimized. C1 [Rodrigues, Rita C. L. B.; Jeffries, Thomas W.] Univ Sao Paulo, EEL, DEBIQ, Dept Biotecnol, BR-12600970 Lorena, SP, Brazil. [Lu, Chenfeng] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Food Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lin, Bernice; Jeffries, Thomas W.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Rodrigues, RCLB (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM rita@debiq.eel.usp.br; twjeffries@fs.fed.us RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012; Rodrigues, Rita/B-5201-2013 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065; NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 EI 1559-0291 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 148 IS 1-3 BP 199 EP 209 DI 10.1007/s12010-007-8080-4 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 289MD UT WOS:000255057700018 PM 18418752 ER PT J AU Price, NPJ AF Price, Neil P. J. TI Permethylation linkage analysis techniques for residual carbohydrates SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbohydrate; linkage analysis; permethylation; mass spectrometry ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; METHYLATION REACTION; OLIGOSACCHARIDES AB Permethylation analysis is the classic approach to establishing the position of glycosidic linkages between sugar residues. Typically, the carbohydrate is derivatized to form acid-stable methyl ethers, hydrolyzed, peracetylated, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The position of glycosidic linkages in the starting carbohydrate are apparent from the mass spectra as determined by the location of acetyl residues. The completeness of permethylation is dependent upon the choice of base catalyst and is readily confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry mass spectrometry. For the permethylation of beta-cyclodextrin, Hakomori dimsyl base is shown to be superior to the NaOH-dimethyl sulfoxide system, and the use of the latter resulted in selective under-methylation of the 3-hydroxy groups. These techniques are highly applicable to residual carbohydrates from biofuel processes. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Price, NPJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM neil.price@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 148 IS 1-3 BP 271 EP 276 DI 10.1007/s12010-007-8044-8 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 289MD UT WOS:000255057700025 PM 18418759 ER PT J AU Wagschal, K Franqui-Espiet, D Lee, CC Robertson, GH Wong, DWS AF Wagschal, Kurt Franqui-Espiet, Diana Lee, Charles C. Robertson, George H. Wong, Dominic W. S. TI Cloning, expression and characterization of a glycoside hydrolase family 39 xylosidase from Bacillus halodurans C-125 SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alkaliphile; xylosidase; glycoside hydrolase family 39; hemicellulose degradation ID SACCHAROLYTICUM SS-XYLOSIDASE; ALPHA-L-ARABINOFURANOSIDASE; BETA-D-XYLOSIDASE; THERMOANAEROBACTERIUM-SACCHAROLYTICUM; GEOBACILLUS-STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; XYLANASES; IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION; HYDROLYSIS AB The gene encoding a glycoside hydrolase family 39 xylosidase (BH1068) from the alkaliphile Bacillus halodurans strain C-125 was cloned with a C-terminal His-tag, and the recombinant gene product termed BH1068(His)(6) was expressed in Escherichia coli. Of the artificial substrates tested, BH1068(His)(6) hydrolyzed nitrophenyl derivatives of beta-D-xylopyranose, alpha- L-arabinofuranose,and alpha-L-arabinopyranose. Deviation from Michaelis-Menten kinetics at higher substrate concentrations indicative of transglycosylation was observed, and k(cat) and K (m) values were measured at both low and high substrate concentrations to illuminate the relative propensities to proceed along this alternate reaction pathway. The pH maximum was 6.5, and under the conditions tested, maximal activity was at 47 degrees C, and thermal instability occurred above 45 degrees C. BH1068(His)(6) was inactive on arabinan, hydrolyzed xylooligosaccharides, and released only xylose from oat, wheat, rye, beech, and birch arabinoxylan, and thus, can be classified as a xylosidase with respect to natural substrate specificity. The enzyme was not inhibited by up to 200 mM xylose. The oligomerization state was tetrameric under the size-exclusion chromatography conditions employed. C1 [Wagschal, Kurt; Franqui-Espiet, Diana; Lee, Charles C.; Robertson, George H.; Wong, Dominic W. S.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Wagschal, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM kwagschal@pw.usda.gov NR 28 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 146 IS 1-3 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1007/s12010-007-8055-5 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 289YG UT WOS:000255089200008 PM 18421588 ER PT J AU Jordan, DB AF Jordan, Douglas B. TI B-D-xylosidase from Selenomonas ruminantium: Catalyzed reactions with natural and artificial substrates SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fuel ethanol; glycoside hydrolase; GH43; hemicellulose; pH dependence; stereochemistry; inhibitor; assay method ID BETA-D-XYLOSIDASE; CLASSIFICATION; HYDROLYSIS; HYDROLASES AB Catalytically efficient beta-D-xylosidase from Selenomonas ruminantium ( SXA) exhibits pK(a)s 5 and 7 ( assigned to catalytic base, D14, and catalytic acid, E186) for k(cat)/ Km with substrates 1,4-beta-D-xylobiose ( X2) and 1,4-beta-D-xylotriose ( X3). Catalytically inactive, dianionic SXA ( D14(-)E186(-)) has threefold lower affinity than catalytically active, monoanionic SXA ( D14(-)E186(H)) for X2 and X3, whereas D14(-)E186(-) has twofold higher affinity than D14-E186H for 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D- xylopyranoside ( 4NPX), and D14(-)E186(-) has no affinity for 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside. Anomeric isomers, alpha-D- xylose and beta-D-xylose, have similar affinity for SXA. 4-Nitrophenol competitively inhibits SXA-catalyzed hydrolysis of 4NPX. SXA steady-state kinetic parameters account for complete progress curves of SXA-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions. C1 USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jordan, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM douglas.jordan@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 146 IS 1-3 BP 137 EP 149 DI 10.1007/s12010-007-8064-4 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 289YG UT WOS:000255089200014 PM 18421594 ER PT J AU Zheng, Y Pan, ZL Zhang, RH Wang, DH Jenkins, B AF Zheng, Yi Pan, Zhongli Zhang, Ruihong Wang, Donghai Jenkins, Bryan TI Non-ionic surfactants and non-catalytic protein treatment on enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated creeping wild ryegrass SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE saline Creeping Wild Ryegrass; cellulase; beta-Glucosidase; Tween 20; Tween 80; bovine serum albumin; enzymatic hydrolysis; avicel PH101; lignaceous residue ID RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-I; SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL); CELLULOSE HYDROLYSIS; ENDOGLUCANASE-I; CORN STOVER; LIGNOCELLULOSE; ADSORPTION AB Our previous research has shown that saline Creeping Wild Ryegrass (CWR), Leymus triticoides, has a great potential to be used for bioethanol production because of its high fermentable sugar yield, up to 85% cellulose conversion of pretreated CWR. However, the high cost of enzyme is still one of the obstacles making large-scale lignocellulosic bioethanol production economically difficult. It is desirable to use reduced enzyme loading to produce fermentable sugars with high yield and low cost. To reduce the enzyme loading, the effect of addition of non-ionic surfactants and non-catalytic protein on the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated CWR was investigated in this study. Tween 20, Tween 80, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were used as additives to improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of dilute sulfuric-acid-pretreated CWR. Under the loading of 0.1 g additives/g dry solid, Tween 20 was the most effective additive, followed by Tween 80 and BSA. With the addition of Tween 20 mixed with cellulase loading of 15 FPU/g cellulose, the cellulose conversion increased 14% (from 75 to 89%), which was similar to that with cellulase loading of 30 FPU/g cellulose and without additive addition. The results of cellulase and BSA adsorption on the Avicel PH101, pretreated CWR, and lignaceous residue of pretreated CWR support the theory that the primary mechanism behind the additives is prevention of non-productive adsorption of enzymes on lignaceous material of pretreated CWR. The addition of additives could be a promising technology to improve the enzymatic hydrolysis by reducing the enzyme activity loss caused by non-productive adsorption. C1 [Zheng, Yi; Pan, Zhongli; Zhang, Ruihong; Jenkins, Bryan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pan, Zhongli] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Proc Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Wang, Donghai] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Zheng, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM yizheng@ucdavis.edu NR 47 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 18 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 146 IS 1-3 BP 231 EP 248 DI 10.1007/s12010-007-8035-9 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 289YG UT WOS:000255089200022 PM 18421601 ER PT J AU Anderson, WF Dien, BS Brandon, SK Peterson, JD AF Anderson, William F. Dien, Bruce S. Brandon, Sarah K. Peterson, Joy Doran TI Assessment of bermudagrass and bunch grasses as feedstock for conversion to ethanol SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomass; bioethanol; bermudagrass; energy crops ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FUEL ETHANOL; CELL-WALLS; DIGESTIBILITY; DIGESTION; FORAGES; KO11 AB Research is needed to allow more efficient processing of lignocellulose from abundant plant biomass resources for production to fuel ethanol at lower costs. Potential dedicated feedstock species vary in degrees of recalcitrance to ethanol processing. The standard dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment followed by simultaneous sacharification and fermentation (SSF) was performed on leaf and stem material from three grasses: giant reed (Arundo donax L.), napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.), and bermudagrass (Cynodon spp). In a separate study, napiergrass, and bermudagrass whole samples were pretreated with esterase and cellulose before fermentation. Conversion via SSF was greatest with two bermudagrass cultivars (140 and 122 mg g(-1) of biomass) followed by leaves of two napiergrass genotypes (107 and 97 mg g(-1)) and two giant reed clones (109 and 85 mg g(-1)). Variability existed among bermudagrass cultivars for conversion to ethanol after esterase and cellulase treatments, with Tifton 85 (289 mg g) and Coastcross II (284 mg g(-1)) being superior to Coastal (247 mg g(-1)) and Tifton 44 (245 mg g(-1)). Results suggest that ethanol yields vary significantly for feedstocks by species and within species and that genetic breeding for improved feedstocks should be possible. C1 [Anderson, William F.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Anderson, William F.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Dien, Bruce S.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Brandon, Sarah K.; Peterson, Joy Doran] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Anderson, WF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Bill.Anderson@ars.usda.gov OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 24 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 11 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 145 IS 1-3 BP 13 EP 21 DI 10.1007/s12010-007-8041-y PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 290GW UT WOS:000255112300003 PM 18425607 ER PT J AU Bae, JY Laplaza, J Jeffries, TW AF Bae, Ju Yun Laplaza, Jose Jeffries, Thomas W. TI Effects of Gene Orientation and Use of Multiple Promoters on the Expression of XYL1 and XYL2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE yeast; metabolic engineering; promoter saturation; gene orientation; S; cerevisiae; gene expression; enzyme activities ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; NEIGHBORING GENES; GENOME; YEAST; COEXPRESSION AB Orientation of adjacent genes has been reported to affect their expression in eukaryotic systems, and metabolic engineering also often makes repeated use of a few promoters to obtain high expression. To improve transcriptional control in heterologous expression, we examined how these factors affect gene expression and enzymatic activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We assembled D-xylose reductase (XYL1) and D-xylitol dehydrogenase (XYL2) in four ways. Each pair of genes was placed in two different tandem (1 -> 2 -> or <- 1 <- 2), convergent (1 -><- 2), and divergent (<- 1 2 ->) orientations in autonomous plasmids. The TEF1 promoter was used to drive XYL1 and the TDH3 promoter to drive XYL2 in each of the constructs. The effects of gene orientation on growth, transcription, and enzyme activity were analyzed. The transcription level as measured by quantitative PCR (q-PCR) correlated with enzyme activities, but our data did not show a significant effect of gene orientation. To test the possible dilution of promoter strength due to multiple use of the same promoter, we examined the level of expression of XYL1 driven by either the TEF1 or TDH3 promoter when carried on a single copy plasmid. We then co-expressed XYL2 from either a single or multicopy plasmid, which was also driven by the same promoter. XYL2 transcript and enzyme expression increased with plasmid copy number, while the expression of XYL1 was constant regardless of the number of other TEF1 or TDH3 promoters present in the cell. According to our data, there is no significant effect of gene orientation or multiple promoter use on gene transcription and translation when genes are expressed from plasmids; however, other factors could affect expression of adjacent genes in chromosomes. C1 [Laplaza, Jose; Jeffries, Thomas W.] USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Bae, Ju Yun; Jeffries, Thomas W.] Univ Wisconsin, Mol & Environm Toxicol Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Jeffries, TW (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM twjeffri@wisc.edu RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065 NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 145 IS 1-3 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1007/s12010-007-8076-0 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 290GW UT WOS:000255112300009 PM 18425613 ER PT J AU Hughs, SE Armijo, CB Whitelock, DP Buser, MD AF Hughs, S. E. Armijo, C. B. Whitelock, D. P. Buser, M. D. TI Particulate emission profile of a cotton gin SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE cotton gin; PM10; PM2.5; particulate matter; boundary line; AP-42 AB Particulate matter (PM) is one of six criteria pollutants regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) with National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). In general, PM is the only air pollutant of concern emitted from cotton gins. The EPA has NAAQS for PM10 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 mu m) and PM2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 2.5 mu m). The objective of this study was to monitor boundary line concentrations from a specific cotton gin during the ginning season in an effort to determine that gins are in compliance with federal and state standards. A monitoring protocol was developed that sampled PM concentrations and on-site meteorology at periodic intervals through the entire 2004 ginning season. Results showed that average 24 h PM10 and PM2.5 downwind boundary concentrations ranged from 4.9 to 39.7 mu g/m(3) and 0. 02 to 0.92 mu g/m(3), respectively. These levels are well below the Clean Air Act 24-h PM10 and PM2.5 standard of 150 and 35 mu g/m(3) respectively. C1 [Hughs, S. E.; Armijo, C. B.; Whitelock, D. P.] USDA ARS, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. [Buser, M. D.] USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Hughs, SE (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, POB 578,300 E Coll Dr, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. EM shughs@nmsu.edu NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2 BP 145 EP 151 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QG UT WOS:000255420000002 ER PT J AU Moriasi, DN Fouss, JL Hall, SG Kornecki, TS AF Moriasi, D. N. Fouss, J. L. Hall, S. G. Kornecki, T. S. TI Application of DRAINMOD-K-s-STMAX to predict deep chiseling effects on a drained southern alluvial soil SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE drainage; infiltration; modeling; surface runoff; cumulative rainfall; tillage operations ID WATER-TABLE MANAGEMENT; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; SURFACE RUNOFF; DEPRESSIONAL STORAGE; FIELD-EVALUATION; TILE DRAINAGE; NITRATE LOSS; INFILTRATION; RAINFALL; QUALITY AB Deep chiseling in heavy drained soils can help increase infiltration and hence reduce erosion, potentially enhancing growth by reducing excess water in the root zone and reducing nutrient losses through the reduction of runoff to surface waters. The goals of this study were to apply DRAINMOD-K-s-STMAX, a modified form of the water management model, DRAINMOD 1) to predict the effects of deep chiseling on hydrology for a subsurface drained plot and 2) to determine the frequency and timing of deep chiseling. Data from a subsurface drained plot at Ben Hur Research site near Baton Rouge, Loutsiana, were used. Simulation results indicated that deep chiseling a Commerce silt loam, a southern alluvial soil, increased cumulative infiltration (CI) by 16% and reduced cumulative sub-surface drainage (CSD) and cumulative surface runoff (CRO) by 26% and 37%, respectively, between 28 September 1995 and 21 November 1996. Between 22 November.] 996 and 22 November 1997, it increased CI and CSD by 9% and 17%, respectively, and reduced CRO by 22%. Vertical saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s) had decreased by 99%, from a maximum initial value immediately after deep chiseling, by the time 150 cm of rain had fallen (approximately 12 months) since deep chiseling. For high rainfall states like Louisiana, with average annual rainfall often exceeding 150 cm, this translates to deep chiseling once every year whereas in drier states deep chiseling can be done once every two to three years depending on the amount of rainfall, Depending on the cumulative amount of rainfall at planting, producers can lose 85% or more of the maximum deep chiseling benefits due to reduced K-s. Because of great rainfall variability in Louisiana and other southern states, it is advisable for farmers to deep chisel their fields just prior to the planting season. Results of this model simulation study indicate that DRAINMOD-K-s-STMAX can be used as a cost-effective (saving time and money) tool to predict the effects of deep chiseling in poorly drained soils with subsurface drainage and potentially open ditch drainage, and to advise farmers on the frequency and timing of deep chiseling based on science. However, the model needs to be tested for longer time periods and under different climatic conditions and soil types before it can be recommended for general application for the purposes listed above. C1 [Moriasi, D. N.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Fouss, J. L.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Res Unit, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Hall, S. G.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Kornecki, T. S.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL USA. RP Moriasi, DN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM daniel.moriasi@ars.usda.gov OI Moriasi, Daniel N/0000-0002-3389-3277 NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2 BP 193 EP 202 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QG UT WOS:000255420000008 ER PT J AU Sanchez, CA Zerihun, D Strelkoff, TS Clernmens, AJ Farrell-Poe, KL AF Sanchez, C. A. Zerihun, D. Strelkoff, T. S. Clernmens, A. J. Farrell-Poe, K. L. TI Development of management guidelines for efficient irrigation of basins on sandy soils SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE irrigation; irrigation systems; irrigation management; irrigation efficiency ID BORDER-IRRIGATION; SURFACE-IRRIGATION; DESIGN; SYSTEMS; EGYPT; MODEL AB Level and graded-basins are widely used to irrigate citrus (Citrus sp.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) crops grown on sandy soils of the Yuma Mesa Irrigation and Draniange Districts (YMIDDs) of southwestern Arizona. Historically, irrigation application efficiencies in the YMIDDs have been low (generally <40%). Owing to rising demands for water from urban and industrial interests and heightened water quality concerns, raising irrigation efficiencies have become a high priority in the Lower Colorado River Region. Thus, the objective of this study is to develop a management package (management tools and guidelines) for increased irrigation performance of basins in the YMIDDs. The study consists of field experimentation, modeling (model calibration, model verification, and the development of management tools by simulation), and outreach-educational components. Results show higher application efficiencies (E-a) and distribution uniformities (DU) can be obtained in level and graded-basins through the proper selection of unit inlet flow rate (q(o)). and cutoff length (L-co) or cutoff time (t(co)). In addition, for the relatively small net irrigation requirements and long basisn of the YMIDDs, higher application efficiencies are obtained with level basins compared to graded-basins. Since implementation of the proposed management tools does not require reconfiguration of the physical infrastructure, it has the potential to be smoothly adopted by growers. Finally, some aspects of an on-going outreach program are highlighted. C1 [Sanchez, C. A.; Zerihun, D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Sanchez, C. A.] Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Strelkoff, T. S.; Clernmens, A. J.] USDA ARS, ALARC, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Sanchez, C. A.; Farrell-Poe, K. L.] Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. RP Sanchez, CA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, 6425 W 8th St, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. EM kittfp@ag.arizona.edu NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2 BP 215 EP 224 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QG UT WOS:000255420000010 ER PT J AU Mitchell, CPJ Branfireun, BA Kolka, RK AF Mitchell, Carl P. J. Branfireun, Brian A. Kolka, Randall K. TI Assessing sulfate and carbon controls on net methylmercury production in peatlands: An in situ mesocosm approach SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant CY AUG 06-11, 2006 CL Madison, WI SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, US Geol Survey, Univ Wisconsin La Crosse ID FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; MERCURY METHYLATION; REDUCING BACTERIA; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; ORGANIC-CARBON; ACID-RAIN; ECOSYSTEMS; WETLANDS; STIMULATION AB The transformation of atmospherically deposited inorganic Hg to the toxic, organic form methylmercury (MeHg) is of serious ecological concern because MeHg accumulates in aquatic biota, including fish. Research has shown that tile Hg methylation reaction is dependent on the availability Of SO4 (as an electron acceptor) because SO4-reducing bacteria (SRB) mediate the biotic methylation of Hg. Much less research has investigated the possible organic C limitations to Hg methylation (i.e. from tile perspective of tile electron donor). Although peatlands are long-term stores of organic C, the C derived from peatland vegetation is of questionable microbial lability. This research investigated how both SO4 and organic C control net MeHg production using a controlled factorial addition design in 44 in situ peatland mesocosms. Two levels Of SO4 addition and energetic-equivalcnt additions (i.e. same number of electrons) of a number of organic C sources were used including glucose, acetate, lactate, coniferous litter leachate, and deciduous litter leachate. This study supports previous research demonstrating the stimulation of MeHg production from SO4 input alone (similar to 200 pg/L/day). None of the additions of organic C alone resulted in significant MeHg production. The combined addition Of SO4 and some organic C sources resulted in considerably more MeHg production (similar to 500 pg/L/day) than did the addition Of SO4 alone, demonstrating that the highest levels of MeHg production can be expected only where fluxes of both SO4 and organic C are delivered concurrently. When compared to a number of pore water samples taken from two nearby peatlands, MeHg concentrations resulting from the combined addition Of SO4 and organic C in this study were similar to MeHg "hot spots" found near the upland-peat land interface. The formation of MeHg "hot spots" at tile upland-peatland interface may be dependent oil concurrent inputs Of SO4 and organic C in runoff from the adjacent upland hillslopes. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mitchell, Carl P. J.; Branfireun, Brian A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Geog, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. [Kolka, Randall K.] USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Mitchell, CPJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd,POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM mitchelle@si.edu RI Mitchell, Carl/A-7212-2008 OI Mitchell, Carl/0000-0001-8538-5138 NR 54 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 6 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 23 IS 3 BP 503 EP 518 DI 10.1016/j.apgeocliem.2007.12.020 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 289ID UT WOS:000255047300014 ER PT J AU Myung, K Manthey, JA Narciso, JA AF Myung, Kyung Manthey, John A. Narciso, Jan A. TI Binding of furanocoumarins in grapefruit juice to Aspergillus niger hyphae SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus niger; grapefruit juice; flavanones; furanocoumarins; biosorption; phenolics; grapefruit-drug interaction ID OCHRATOXIN-A; DERIVATIVES; ZEARALENONE; INHIBITION; METABOLISM; REMOVAL; STRAINS AB Furanocoumarins (FCs) in grapefruit are involved in the "grapefruit/drug interactions" in humans, in which the FCs inhibit the intestinal cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP 3A4) activity responsible for metabolizing certain prescribed medications. These interactions have adversely affected the grapefruit industry and have led a need to develop a process to remove the FCs from grapefruit juice (GFJ) in a manner that retains much of the original juice sensory attributes. In our experiments, grapefruit juice was incubated with Aspergillus niger, and the compositional changes in hydroxycinnamates, flavonoid glycosides, and the FCs were monitored. Many of the FCs and 7-geranyloxycoumarin were efficiently taken up by the fungal tissue, whereas no uptake occurred with the polar hydroxycinnamates, flavonoid glycosides, and a few of the polar FCs. This biosorption was also observed with autoclaved A. niger, indicating that the uptake of non-polar FCs by the fungal hyphae was due to adsorption rather than metabolism. The binding of the FCs to autoclaved fungus was complete within 4 h, and the level of binding was proportional to the amount of autoclaved fungal hyphae used. This removal of the FCs from GFJ led to a reduced inhibition of CYP 3A4 activity in in vitro assays by both GFJ and GFJ extracts. C1 [Myung, Kyung; Manthey, John A.; Narciso, Jan A.] USDA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Agr Res Serv, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. RP Myung, K (reprint author), USDA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Agr Res Serv, 600 Ave S,NW, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. EM Kyung.Myung@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 78 IS 3 BP 401 EP 407 DI 10.1007/s00253-007-1326-9 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 262ET UT WOS:000253132500003 PM 18189136 ER PT J AU Chang, IA Bae, JH Suh, MJ Kim, IH Hou, CT Kim, HR AF Chang, In-Ae Bae, Jae-Han Suh, Min-Jung Kim, In-Hwan Hou, Ching T. Kim, Hak-Ryul TI Environmental optimization for bioconversion of triolein into 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3 SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pseudomonas aeruginosa; hydroxy fatty acid; triolein; optimization; bioconversion ID HYDROXY FATTY-ACIDS; OLEIC-ACID; LINOLEIC-ACID; COMPOUND; INTERMEDIATE; PLANT AB Hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs), originally found in small amount mainly from plant systems, are well known to have special properties such as higher viscosity and reactivity compared with other normal fatty acids. Recently, various microbial strains were tested to produce HFAs from different unsaturated fatty acids. Among those microbial strains tested, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3 are well known to utilize various unsaturated fatty acids to produce mono-, di-, and tri-HFAs. Previously, we reported that strain PR3 could utilize triolein as a substrate for the production of 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (DOD) via the induction of lipase activity (Chang et al., Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 74:301-306, 2007). In this study, we focused on the development of the optimal environmental conditions for DOD production from triolein by PR3. Optimal initial medium pH and incubation temperature were pH 8.0 and 25 degrees C, respectively. Magnesium ion was essentially required for DOD production. Optimal inoculum size, time for substrate addition, and substrate concentration were 1%, 12 to 24 h, and 300 mg, respectively. C1 [Chang, In-Ae; Bae, Jae-Han; Suh, Min-Jung; Kim, Hak-Ryul] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Biotechnol, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Kim, In-Hwan] Korea Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Coll Hlth Sci, Seoul 136701, South Korea. [Hou, Ching T.] USDA ARS, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Kim, HR (reprint author), Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Biotechnol, Taegu 702701, South Korea. EM hakrkim@knu.ac.kr NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 78 IS 4 BP 581 EP 586 DI 10.1007/s00253-007-1342-9 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 272XX UT WOS:000253896100003 PM 18210104 ER PT J AU Pratt, RG AF Pratt, R. G. TI Fungal population levels in soils of commercial swine waste disposal sites and relationships to soil nutrient concentrations SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE soil microorganisms; fungal populations; animal waste; swine waste; soil nutrients ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; AGRICULTURAL SOIL; AMENDMENTS; MANURE; BIOMASS; FERTILIZER; RESPONSES; EFFLUENT; BACTERIA; PASTURE AB Commercial disposal of animal wastes by application to agricultural soils is well-known to increase soil nutrient concentrations and the potential for water pollution. Less is known of whether or how commercial animal waste disposal affects microbial populations in soil. This study was undertaken to determine whether commercial applications of liquid swine waste to pasture soils in Mississippi, USA, influence fungal population levels, and whether these are related to major differences in soil nutrient concentrations induced by commercial waste disposal. Colonies of culturable fungi were assayed by dilution plating from samples of soil,with and without applied swine waste, collected from pastures on three commercial swine farms early and late in the summer growing season in each of three years. Fungal population levels observed among 180 samples were 2.80-43.27 X 10(4) colony-forming units per gram of soil. Population levels of total fungi, or groups and species of Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Trichoderma, did not differ significantly between waste treatments in more than 2 of 18 sampling events. Concentrations of P, K, and Na were always significantly greater, often by 5-10-fold, in waste-treated than in untreated soils; levels of Mg, Cu, and Zn were frequently greater; and levels of N, Ca, Fe, and Mn were seldom or never greater. However, fungal population levels in soil were not correlated with concentrations of any of these nutrients in more than 2 of 18 sampling events. Results indicate that culturable fungi represent a stable component of the soil microflora for which population levels Seldom change in response to commercial swine waste disposal or the major differences in soil nutrient concentrations that result from it. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA, Agr Res Serv, Water Management & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Pratt, RG (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Water Management & Forage Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM rpratt@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 38 IS 3 BP 223 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.013 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 260OO UT WOS:000253019800003 ER PT J AU Acosta-Martinez, V Acosta-Mercado, D Sotomayor-Ramirez, D Cruz-Rodriguez, L AF Acosta-Martinez, V. Acosta-Mercado, D. Sotomayor-Ramirez, D. Cruz-Rodriguez, L. TI Microbial communities and enzymatic activities under different management in semiarid soils SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE enzyme activities; intracellular arylsulfatase; FAME profiles; microbial community structure; land use; soil functioning ID BETA-GLUCOSAMINIDASE ACTIVITY; CROPPING SYSTEMS; FATTY-ACIDS; ARYLSULFATASE ACTIVITY; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN POOLS; WHEAT-FALLOW; BIOMASS-C; CARBON; TILLAGE AB Information about the size, composition and ecological role of soil microorganisms remains unknown for some semiarid regions of the world while soil functioning and productivity depend on its biological component. This study evaluated the microbial communities and enzyme activities of C, N, P and S cycling in representative soils (0-5 and 5-15 cm) of the semiarid region of Puerto Rico as affected by management and land use. Soil organic C (OC) at 0-5 cm was higher under pasture (2-3-fold) and mango (Mangifera indica) trees (1.6-fold) compared to vegetable production, and similar in vegetable production (average for four soils: 15.8 g kg(-1) soil) and quenepas (Melicoccus bijugatus) trees (15.9 g kg(-1) soil). Soil microbial biomass C (MBC = 167-1401 mg C g(-1) soil) was higher in soils under trees (up to 2.4-fold) and pasture (> 2.5 times at both depths) compared to vegetable production. Similar trends were found for soil MBN among the systems. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed differences in the soil microbial community structure under pasture and trees due to higher fungal FAME markers (i.e., 18:2 omega 6c, 18:1 omega 9c, 16:1 omega 5c and 18:3 omega 6c) compared to agricultural soils under vegetable production. Unique FAMEs for soils under pasture were: 20:4 omega 6c, 18:1 omega 5c, 14:1 omega 5c, 11Me18:1 omega 7c, 15:1 omega 6c and i15:1. Higher number of fatty acids was extracted (51-55) from soils under pasture than in vegetable production (36-45). Several enzymatic activities (i.e., beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase and different pools of arylsulfatase) were higher (up to 4-fold) in soils under pasture, and under trees compared to the vegetables production soils. Differences found in the soil microbial community and enzymatic activities among systems have potential to be reflected in the soil functional integrity and ecosystem services, and should be considered when altering land uses to less conservative practices in the region studied. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Acosta-Martinez, V.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Acosta-Mercado, D.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus, Dept Biol, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Sotomayor-Ramirez, D.; Cruz-Rodriguez, L.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus, Dept Agron & Soils, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. RP Acosta-Martinez, V (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM vacostam@lbk.ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 66 Z9 74 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 38 IS 3 BP 249 EP 260 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.012 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 260OO UT WOS:000253019800006 ER PT J AU Obeidat, S Bai, B Rayson, GD Anderson, DM Puscheck, AD Landau, SY Glasser, T AF Obeidat, Safwan Bai, Baolong Rayson, Gary D. Anderson, Dean M. Puscheck, Adam D. Landau, Serge Y. Glasser, Tzach TI A multi-source portable light emitting diode spectrofluorometer SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE portable spectrometer; fluorescence; light emitting diodes; LEDs; animal forage; excitation-emission matrices; EEM ID LED SOURCE; FLUORESCENCE; FLUOROMETRY AB A portable luminescence spectrofluorometer weighing only 1.5 kg that uses multiple light emitting diodes (LEDs) as excitation sources was developed and evaluated. Excitation using a sequence of seven individual broad-band LED emission sources enabled the generation of excitation-emission spectra using a light weight (<1.5 kg) spectrometer. Limits of detection for rhodamine 6G, rhodamine B, and fluorescein were 2.9, 3.2, and 11.0 nM, respectively. Generation of excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) enabled the analysis of samples containing mixtures of rhodamine B and fluorescein. Buffered saline plant and animal feed extracts were also analyzed using this instrument. These samples included the woody plants Pistacia lentiscus (Evergreen pistache or Mastic) and Philyria latifolia, and the herbaceous species Medicago sativa (alfalfa), Trifolium spp. (clover), and a feed concentrate. Application of multi-way principal component analysis (MPCA) to the resulting three-dimensional data sets enabled discernment among these various diet constituents. C1 [Obeidat, Safwan; Bai, Baolong; Rayson, Gary D.; Puscheck, Adam D.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Anderson, Dean M.] USDA, ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Landau, Serge Y.; Glasser, Tzach] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Dept Nat Resources & Agron, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Rayson, GD (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Box 30001,MSC 3C, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM garayson@nmsu.edu NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 14 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 62 IS 3 BP 327 EP 332 DI 10.1366/000370208783759722 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 272XT UT WOS:000253895700012 PM 18339242 ER PT J AU Moeller, SM Voland, R Tinker, L Blodi, BA Klein, ML Gehrs, KM Johnson, EJ Snodderly, M Wallace, RB Chappell, RJ Parekh, N Ritenbaugh, C Mares, JA AF Moeller, Suzen M. Voland, Rick Tinker, Lesley Blodi, Barbara A. Klein, Michael L. Gehrs, Karen M. Johnson, Elizabeth J. Snodderly, Max Wallace, Robert B. Chappell, Richard J. Parekh, Niyati Ritenbaugh, Cheryl Mares, Julie A. CA CAREDS Study Grp TI Associations between age-related nuclear cataract and lutein and zeaxanthin in the diet and serum in the Carotenoids in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (CAREDS), an ancillary study of the women's health initiative SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VISUAL IMPAIRMENT PROJECT; BEAVER DAM EYE; LENS OPACITIES; NUTRIENT INTAKE; RISK-FACTORS; MACULAR DEGENERATION; ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; US WOMEN AB Objective: To evaluate associations between nuclear cataract (determined from slitlamp photographs between May 2001 and January 2004) and lutein and zeaxanthin in the diet and serum in patients between 1994 and 1998 and macula between 2001 and 2004. Design: A total of 1802 women aged 50 to 79 years in Iowa, Wisconsin, and Oregon with intakes of lutein and zeaxanthin above the 78th (high) and below the 28th (low) percentiles in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (1994-1998) were recruited 4 to 7 years later (2001-2004) into the Carotenoids in Age-Related Eye Disease Study. Results: Women in the group with high dietary levels of lutein and zeaxanthin had a 23% lower prevalence of nuclear cataract (age-adjusted odds ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.62-0.96) compared with those with low levels. Multivariable adjustment slightly attenuated the association (odds ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-1.01). Women in the highest quintile category of diet or serum levels of lutein and zeaxanthin as compared with those in the lowest quintile category were 32% less likely to have nuclear cataract (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio, 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.97; P for trend =. 04; and multivariable-adjusted odds ratio, 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.98; P for trend =. 01, respectively). Cross-sectional associations with macular pigment density were inverse but not statistically significant. Conclusions: Diets rich in lutein and zeaxanthin are moderately associated with decreased prevalence of nuclear cataract in older women. However, other protective aspects of such diets may in part explain these relationships. C1 [Moeller, Suzen M.; Voland, Rick; Blodi, Barbara A.; Parekh, Niyati; Mares, Julie A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Chappell, Richard J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat & Biostat, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Parekh, Niyati] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Tinker, Lesley] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Klein, Michael L.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Casey Eye Inst, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Gehrs, Karen M.] Univ Iowa, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Iowa City, IA USA. [Wallace, Robert B.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Johnson, Elizabeth J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA USA. [Ritenbaugh, Cheryl] Univ Arizona, Dept Family & Community Med, Tucson, AZ USA. [Snodderly, Max] Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. [Moeller, Suzen M.] Amer Med Assoc, Dept Sci Qual & Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60610 USA. [Snodderly, Max] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Human Ecol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Parekh, Niyati] NYU, Dept Nutr Food Studies & Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Mares, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, 610 N Walnut St,1063 WARF Bldg, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jmarespe@wisc.edu FU NEI NIH HHS [U10 EY013018-02, U10 EY013018-01, U10 EY013018-04, U10 EY013018-03, U10 EY013018-05, U10 EY013018, R01 EY016886, EY13018]; NIDDK NIH HHS [T32 DK007665, DK07665] NR 52 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9950 J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC JI Arch. Ophthalmol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 126 IS 3 BP 354 EP 364 DI 10.1001/archopht.126.3.354 PG 11 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 272TE UT WOS:000253882000007 PM 18332316 ER PT J AU Lipatov, AS Yen, HL Salomon, R Ozaki, H Hoffmann, E Webster, RG AF Lipatov, A. S. Yen, H. -L. Salomon, R. Ozaki, H. Hoffmann, E. Webster, R. G. TI The role of the N-terminal caspase cleavage site in the nucleoprotein of influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Orthomyxovirus Research Conference CY JUL 28-31, 2005 CL Queens Coll, Cambridge, ENGLAND HO Queens Coll ID INFECTED-CELLS; NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; GENES; REPLICATION; RNA; A/VIETNAM/1203/04; REASSORTANTS; RESTRICTION; GENERATION; EVOLUTION AB The N-terminal caspase cleavage in the nucleoprotein (NP) of influenza A virus is correlated with the host origin of the virus, thus could be a molecular determinant for host range. We studied how mutations targeting the NP cleavage motif of human and avian influenza viruses affect virus replication in vitro and in vivo. The "avian-like" D-16 -> G substitution in the NP, which makes this protein resistant to cleavage, did not significantly affect the human A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) virus replication in vitro but decreased the lethality of this virus in mice by 68-fold. Gene incompatibility contributed to the attenuated phenotype of the reassortant A/Puerto Rico/8/34 virus with avian NP derived from A/Teal/Hong Kong/w312/97 (H6N1) virus in vitro and in vivo. Insertion of the "human-like" G(16)-> D mutation into avian NP, which resulted in susceptibility to caspase cleavage, did not rescue virulence, but made the reassortant virus even more attenuated. Introducing the human-like G(16)-> D substitution into the NP of highly pathogenic A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) virus decreased lethality in mice. We confirmed that position 16, which associated with the N-terminal caspase cleavage of the NP, is important for optimal virus fitness in vitro and in vivo. An avian-like mutation at position 16 in the NP of human virus as well as a human-like substitution at this residue in avian NP both resulted in virus attenuation. C1 [Lipatov, A. S.; Yen, H. -L.; Salomon, R.; Ozaki, H.; Hoffmann, E.; Webster, R. G.] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Div Virol, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Lipatov, A. S.] USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Webster, RG (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Div Virol, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. EM robert.webster@stjude.org RI Yen, Hui-Ling/C-4501-2009 OI Yen, Hui-Ling/0000-0003-2493-3609 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA21765]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-95357] NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 153 IS 3 BP 427 EP 434 DI 10.1007/s00705-007-0003-8 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 267QW UT WOS:000253525300004 PM 18058063 ER PT J AU Lamon-Fava, S Herrington, DM Reboussin, DM Sherman, M Horvath, KV Cupples, LA White, C Demissie, S Schaefer, EJ Asztalos, BF AF Lamon-Fava, Stefania Herrington, David M. Reboussin, David M. Sherman, Michelle Horvath, Katalin V. Cupples, L. Adrienne White, Charles Demissie, Serkalem Schaefer, Ernst J. Asztalos, Bela F. TI Plasma levels of HDL subpopulations and remnant lipoproteins predict the extent of angiographically-defined coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE women; angiography; lipoproteins; coronary heart disease ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HEART-DISEASE; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT; TRIGLYCERIDE-RICH; CHOLESTEROL; FRAMINGHAM; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PROGRESSION; PARTICLES; SERUM AB Objective-The association of coronary heart disease (CHD) with subpopulations of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is established in men, but has not been well characterized in women. Methods and Results-Plasma HDL subpopulation concentrations, quantified by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and plasma remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) concentrations were measured in 256 postmenopausal women with established CHD and in 126 CHD-free postmenopausal women. Coronary artery disease was assessed in women with CHD by quantitative coronary angiography. Plasma RLP-C and pre beta 1 HDL concentrations were higher and alpha 1 and alpha 2 HDL concentrations were lower in CHD than in CHD-free women. After adjustment for conventional CHD-risk factors, plasma levels of RLP-C were positively associated with the degree of coronary artery disease. In similar analyses, plasma pre beta 1 HDL particle concentrations were positively associated and alpha 2 HDL particle concentrations were inversely associated with the extent of coronary atherosclerosis. Plasma TG, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol levels were not associated with the degree of coronary atherosclerosis. Conclusions-The degree of coronary atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women is linked to a dysregulation of the TG/HDL metabolism. Subpopulations of TG-rich and HDL lipoproteins are better predictors of disease than TG and HDL cholesterol concentrations. C1 [Lamon-Fava, Stefania; Sherman, Michelle; Horvath, Katalin V.; Schaefer, Ernst J.; Asztalos, Bela F.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Aging, Jen Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Herrington, David M.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Internal Med Cardiol, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Reboussin, David M.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Cupples, L. Adrienne; White, Charles; Demissie, Serkalem] Boston Univ, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Lamon-Fava, S (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Ctr Aging, Jen Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res, Lipid Metab Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM stefania.lamon-fava@tufts.edu OI Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-64738, R01 HL 70081, R01 HL070081] NR 37 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 28 IS 3 BP 575 EP 579 DI 10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.157123 PG 5 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 266IZ UT WOS:000253429000035 PM 18174456 ER PT J AU Harris, WS Miller, M Tighe, AP Davidson, MH Schaefer, EJ AF Harris, William S. Miller, Michael Tighe, Ann P. Davidson, Michael H. Schaefer, Ernst J. TI Omega-3 fatty acids and coronary heart disease risk: Clinical and mechanistic perspectives SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Review DE omega-3 fatty acids; coronary heart disease; arrhythmia; platelet aggregation; triglyceride ID POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FISH-OIL SUPPLEMENTATION; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE AB The most common omega-3 fatty acids contain 18-22 carbons and a signature double bond at the third position from the methyl (or n, or omega) end of the molecule. These fatty acids must be obtained in the diet as they cannot be synthesized by vertebrates. They include the plant-derived (x-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), and the fish-oil-derived eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). Normally, very little ALA is converted to EPA, and even less to DHA, and therefore direct intake of the latter two is optimal. EPA and DHA and their metabolites have important biologic functions, including effects on membranes, eicosanoid metabolism, and gene transcription. Studies indicate that the use of fish oil is associated with coronary heart disease risk reduction. A number of mechanisms may be responsible for such effects. These include prevention of arrhythmias as well as lowering heart rate and blood pressure, decreasing platelet aggregation, and lowering triglyceride levels. The latter is accomplished by decreasing the production of hepatic triglycerides and increasing the clearance of plasma triglycerides. Our focus is to review the potential mechanisms by which these fatty acids reduce cardiovascular disease risk. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Harris, William S.] Univ S Dakota, Stanford Sch Med, Sioux Falls, SD 57105 USA. [Miller, Michael] Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Ctr Prevent Cardiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Tighe, Ann P.] LLC, Sci & Editorial Sev, New York, NY USA. [Davidson, Michael H.] Radiat Res, Chicago, IL USA. [Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA,Lipid & Geart Dis Prevent C, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Harris, WS (reprint author), Univ S Dakota, Stanford Sch Med, 1400 W 22nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57105 USA. EM Bill.Harris@usd.edu NR 85 TC 268 Z9 277 U1 7 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD MAR PY 2008 VL 197 IS 1 BP 12 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.atheroselerosis.2007.11.008 PG 13 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 282LS UT WOS:000254569900002 PM 18160071 ER PT J AU Park, SS Lillehoj, HS Allen, PC Park, DW FitzCoy, S Bautista, DA Lillehoj, EP AF Park, Soon S. Lillehoj, Hyun S. Allen, Patricia C. Park, Dong Woon FitzCoy, Steve Bautista, Daniel A. Lillehoj, Erik P. TI Immunopathology and Cytokine Responses in Broiler Chickens Coinfected with Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens with the Use of an Animal Model of Necrotic Enteritis SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE necrotic enteritis; Clostridium perfringens; Eimeria maxima; innate immunity; coccidiosis ID NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; TENELLA INFECTIONS; GENE-EXPRESSION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; T-CELLS; COCCIDIOSIS; ACERVULINA; STRAINS; DISEASE AB The incidence of necrotic enteritis (NE) due to Clostridium perfringens (CP) infection in commercial poultry has been increasing at an alarming rate. Although pre-exposure of chickens to coccidia infections is believed to be one of the major risk factors leading to NE, the underlying mechanisms of CP virulence remain undefined. The objectives of this study were to utilize an experimental model of NE produced by Eimeria maxima (EM) and CP coinfection to investigate the pathologic and immunologic parameters of the disease. Broilers coinfected with EM plus CP exhibited more severe gut pathology compared with animals given EM or CP alone. Additionally, EM/CP coinfection increased the numbers of intestinal CP bacteria compared with chickens exposed to an identical challenge of CP alone. Coinfection with EM and CP repressed nitric oxide synthase gene expression that was induced by EM alone, leading to lower plasma NO levels. Intestinal expression of a panel of cytokine and chemokine genes following EM/CP coinfection showed a mixed response depending on the transcript analyzed and the time following infection. In general, IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, and TGF-beta 4 were repressed, whereas IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, and LITAF were increased during coinfection compared with challenge by EM or CP alone. These results are discussed in the context of EM and CP to act synergistically to create a more severe disease phenotype leading to an altered cytokine/chemokine response than that produced by infection with the individual pathogens. C1 [Park, Soon S.; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Allen, Patricia C.; Park, Dong Woon] USDA ARS, BARC, ANRI, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [FitzCoy, Steve] Schering Plough Anim Hlth, Millsboro, DE 19966 USA. [Bautista, Daniel A.] Univ Delaware, Lasher Poultry Diagnost Lab, Georgetown, DE 19947 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC, ANRI, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM hlilleho@anri.barc.usda.gov FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2004-35204-14798] FX The authors thank Margie Nichols and Eliseo Miramontes for their technical assistance. This project was supported, in part, by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Grant No. 2004-35204-14798. NR 35 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 52 IS 1 BP 14 EP 22 DI 10.1637/7997-041707-Reg PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NG UT WOS:000260907700003 PM 18459290 ER PT J AU Kapczynski, DR Perkins, LL Sellers, HS AF Kapczynski, Darrell R. Perkins, Laura L. Sellers, Holly S. TI Mucosal Vaccination with Formalin-Inactivated Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype C Does Not Protect Turkeys Following Intranasal Challenge SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian metapneumovirus; inactivated vaccine; turkeys; mucosal vaccination ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; RHINOTRACHEITIS VIRUS; PNEUMOVIRUS ISOLATE; COTTON RATS; INFECTION; ANTIBODIES; LIVE; IMMUNIZATION; CHICKENS AB Studies were performed to determine if mucosal vaccination with inactivated avian metapneumovirus ( aMPV) subtype C protected turkey poults from clinical disease and virus replication following mucosal challenge. Decreases in clinical disease were not observed in vaccinated groups, and the vaccine failed to inhibit virus replication in the tracheas of 96% of vaccinated birds. Histopathologically, enhancement of pulmonary lesions following virus challenge was associated with birds receiving the inactivated aMPV vaccine compared to unvaccinated birds. As determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA), all virus-challenged groups increased serum immunoglobulin ( Ig) G and IgA antibody production against the virus following challenge; however, the unvaccinated aMPV-challenged group displayed the highest increases in virus-neutralizing antibody. On the basis of these results it is concluded that intranasal vaccination with inactivated aMPV does not induce protective immunity, reduce virus shedding, or result in decreased histopathologic lesions. C1 [Kapczynski, Darrell R.; Perkins, Laura L.; Sellers, Holly S.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Kapczynski, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM darrell.kapczynski@seprl.usda.gov FU USDA; ARS CRIS [6612-32000-044] FX We wish to thank Tracy Smith-Faulkner for technical assistance, and Roger Brock for animal care assistance. This research was supported by USDA, ARS CRIS project 6612-32000-044. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 52 IS 1 BP 28 EP 33 DI 10.1637/7821-122706-Reg PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NG UT WOS:000260907700005 PM 18459292 ER PT J AU Das, A Spackman, E Thomas, C Swayne, DE Suarez, DL AF Das, Amaresh Spackman, Erica Thomas, Colleen Swayne, David E. Suarez, David L. TI Detection of H5N1 High-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus in Meat and Tracheal Samples from Experimentally Infected Chickens SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza; high-pathogenicity H5N1; infected chickens; infected tissues and trachea; virus detection; real time RT-PCR; virus isolation; highly pathogenic avian influenza ID A VIRUSES; DUCK MEAT; HONG-KONG; WILD BIRDS; PCR; OUTBREAK; PATHOBIOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS; POULTRY; MAMMALS AB The Asian H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza ( HPAI) virus causes a systemic disease with high mortality of poultry and is potentially zoonotic. In both chickens and ducks, the virus has been demonstrated to replicate in both cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. Experimentally, H5N1 HPAI virus has been transmitted to chickens through the consumption of raw infected meat. In this study, we investigated virus replication in cardiac and skeletal muscle and in the trachea of chickens after experimental intranasal inoculation with the H5N1 HPAI virus. The virus was detected in tissues by real-time reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction ( RRT-PCR) and virus isolation, and in the trachea by RRT-PCR and a commercial avian influenza ( AI) viral antigen detection test. A modified RNA extraction protocol was developed for rapid detection of the virus in tissues by RRT-PCR. The H5N1 HPAI virus was sporadically detected in meat and the tracheas of infected birds without any clinical sign of disease as early as 6 hr postinfection ( PI), and was detected in all samples tested at 24 hr PI and later. No differences in sensitivity were seen between virus isolation and RRT-PCR in meat samples. The AI viral antigen detection test on tracheal swabs was a useful method for identifying infected chickens when they were sick or dead, but was less sensitive in detecting infected birds when they were preclinical. This study provides data indicating that preslaughter tracheal swab testing can identify birds infected with HPAI among the daily mortality and prevent infected flocks from being sent to processing plants. In addition, the modified RNA extraction and RRT-PCR test on meat samples provide a rapid and sensitive method of identifying HPAI virus in illegal contraband or domestic meat samples. C1 [Das, Amaresh; Spackman, Erica; Thomas, Colleen; Swayne, David E.; Suarez, David L.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Suarez, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM David.Suarez@ars.usda.gov FU U. S. Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System [6612-32000-039] FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System project 6612-32000-039. We would like to thank Joan Beck, Suzanne DeBlois, Kira Moresco, and James Doster for technical assistance, including tissue sampling and VI. NR 42 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 52 IS 1 BP 40 EP 48 DI 10.1637/8093-082107-Reg PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NG UT WOS:000260907700007 PM 18459294 ER EF