FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Ip, HS Flint, PL Franson, JC Dusek, RJ Derksen, DV Gill, RE Ely, CR Pearce, JM Lanctot, RB Matsuoka, SM Irons, DB Fischer, JB Oates, RM Petersen, MR Fondell, TF Rocque, DA Pedersen, JC Rothe, TC AF Ip, Hon S. Flint, Paul L. Franson, J. Christian Dusek, Robert J. Derksen, Dirk V. Gill, Robert E., Jr. Ely, Craig R. Pearce, John M. Lanctot, Richard B. Matsuoka, Steven M. Irons, David B. Fischer, Julian B. Oates, Russell M. Petersen, Margaret R. Fondell, Thomas F. Rocque, Deborah A. Pedersen, Janice C. Rothe, Thomas C. TI Prevalence of Influenza A viruses in wild migratory birds in Alaska: Patterns of variation in detection at a crossroads of intercontinental flyways SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AVIAN INFLUENZA; NORTH-AMERICA; DUCKS; H5N1; WATERFOWL; PCR; PARAMYXOVIRUSES; SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION; PERPETUATION AB Background: The global spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus has stimulated interest in a better understanding of the mechanisms of H5N1 dispersal, including the potential role of migratory birds as carriers. Although wild birds have been found dead during H5N1 outbreaks, evidence suggests that others have survived natural infections, and recent studies have shown several species of ducks capable of surviving experimental inoculations of H5N1 and shedding virus. To investigate the possibility of migratory birds as a means of H5N1 dispersal into North America, we monitored for the virus in a surveillance program based on the risk that wild birds may carry the virus from Asia. Results: Of 16,797 birds sampled in Alaska between May 2006 and March 2007, low pathogenic avian influenza viruses were detected in 1.7% by rRT- PCR but no highly pathogenic viruses were found. Our data suggest that prevalence varied among sampling locations, species (highest in waterfowl, lowest in passerines), ages (juveniles higher than adults), sexes (males higher than females), date (highest in autumn), and analytical technique (rRT- PCR prevalence = 1.7%; virus isolation prevalence = 1.5%). Conclusion: The prevalence of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from wild birds depends on biological, temporal, and geographical factors, as well as testing methods. Future studies should control for, or sample across, these sources of variation to allow direct comparison of prevalence rates. C1 [Ip, Hon S.; Franson, J. Christian; Dusek, Robert J.] Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, US Geol Survey, Madison, WI USA. [Flint, Paul L.; Derksen, Dirk V.; Gill, Robert E., Jr.; Ely, Craig R.; Pearce, John M.; Petersen, Margaret R.; Fondell, Thomas F.] Alaska Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA. [Lanctot, Richard B.; Matsuoka, Steven M.; Irons, David B.; Fischer, Julian B.; Oates, Russell M.; Rocque, Deborah A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK USA. [Pedersen, Janice C.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Lab, Ames, IA USA. [Rothe, Thomas C.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA. RP Ip, HS (reprint author), Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, US Geol Survey, Madison, WI USA. EM hip@usgs.gov; pflint@usgs.gov; jfranson@usgs.gov; rdusek@usgs.gov; dderksen@usgs.gov; rgill@usgs.gov; cely@usgs.gov; jpearce@usgs.gov; Richard_Lanctot@fws.gov; Steve_Matsuoka@fws.gov; David_Irons@fws.gov; Julian_Fischer@fws.gov; Russ_Oates@fws.gov; mrpetersen@usgs.gov; tfondell@usgs.gov; Deborah_Rocque@fws.gov; Janice.C.Pedersen@aphis.usda.gov; tom.rothe@alaska.gov OI Franson, J/0000-0002-0251-4238; Flint, Paul/0000-0002-8758-6993; Dusek, Robert/0000-0001-6177-7479 NR 36 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 15 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD JUN 4 PY 2008 VL 5 AR 71 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-5-71 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 319JX UT WOS:000257161000002 PM 18533040 ER PT J AU Kirkegaard, J Christen, O Krupinsky, J Layzell, D AF Kirkegaard, John Christen, Olaf Krupinsky, Joseph Layzell, David TI Break crop benefits in temperate wheat production SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE disease; structure; soil biology; sequence; rotation; preceding crop ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN-FIXATION; ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA; TAKE-ALL FUNGUS; SOIL MINERAL N; LOW-P SOIL; WINTER-WHEAT; SPRING WHEAT; PLANT-GROWTH AB Changes in the sequence of crops grown on agricultural land are well known to enhance the yield of grain crops such as wheat. A survey of the literature gathered from around the world show mean yield benefits of up to 20% or more. Much is known about the principal mechanisms responsible for these benefits, including effects on disease control, improved nitrogen nutrition and water supply, although researchers continue to be challenged by inexplicable "rotation effects" that have yet to be documented or fully understood. This review summarizes our current understanding of the 'better-known' mechanisms of crop rotation, and discusses other mechanisms (e.g. changes in rhizosphere biology, allelopathy or soil structure) that may help to account fully for the rotation benefits that have been observed by agricultural producers for more than 2000 years. Where possible we emphasise new techniques employed to investigate these less well-understood aspects of the "rotation effect". At the farm level, the inability to capitalize on the benefits of break crops may owe more to economics, the availability of suitable break crops and the complexity of the crop response. Computer-based decision support tools have been developed to assist growers to apply the information gathered from scientific studies, although efforts to integrate this information at whole-farm scales are embryonic. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kirkegaard, John] CSIRO Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Christen, Olaf] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Agron & Crop Sci, D-06099 Halle, Germany. [Krupinsky, Joseph] USDA ARS, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Layzell, David] Queens Univ, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Kirkegaard, J (reprint author), CSIRO Plant Ind, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM john.kirkegaard@csiro.au; Christen@landw.uni-halle.de; Krupinsj@mandan.ars.usda.gov; layzell@biocap.ca RI Layzell, David/A-9417-2010; Kirkegaard, John/A-1449-2010; Christen, Olaf/C-1093-2012; OI Layzell, David/0000-0003-3085-3189; Christen, Olaf/0000-0002-9950-7228 NR 127 TC 144 Z9 150 U1 4 U2 76 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD JUN 3 PY 2008 VL 107 IS 3 BP 185 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2008.02.010 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 306JZ UT WOS:000256245600001 ER PT J AU Kang, JS Frank, J Kang, CH Kajiura, H Vikram, M Ueda, A Kim, S Bahk, JD Triplett, B Fujiyama, K Lee, SY von Schaewen, A Koiwa, H AF Kang, Jae Sook Frank, Julia Kang, Chang Ho Kajiura, Hiroyuki Vikram, Meenu Ueda, Akihiro Kim, Sewon Bahk, Jeong Dong Triplett, Barbara Fujiyama, Kazuhito Lee, Sang Yeol von Schaewen, Antje Koiwa, Hisashi TI Salt tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana requires maturation of N-glycosylated proteins in the Golgi apparatus (vol 105, pg 5933, 2008) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Correction C1 [Kang, Jae Sook; Kang, Chang Ho; Kim, Sewon; Bahk, Jeong Dong; Lee, Sang Yeol] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Grad Sch, Div Appl Life Sci & Environm Biotechnol, Natl Core Res Ctr, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Frank, Julia; von Schaewen, Antje] Univ Munster, Inst Bot, D-48149 Munster, Germany. [Kang, Chang Ho; Vikram, Meenu; Ueda, Akihiro; Koiwa, Hisashi] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Kang, Chang Ho; Vikram, Meenu; Ueda, Akihiro; Koiwa, Hisashi] Texas A&M Univ, Mol & Environm Plant Sci Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fujiyama, Kazuhito] Osaka Univ, Int Ctr Biotechnol, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Triplett, Barbara] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Lee, SY (reprint author), Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Grad Sch, Div Appl Life Sci & Environm Biotechnol, Natl Core Res Ctr, Jinju 660701, South Korea. EM sylee@nongae.ac.kr; schaewen@uni-muenster.de; koiwa@neo.tamu.edu NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 3 PY 2008 VL 105 IS 22 BP 7893 EP 7893 DI 10.1073/pnas.0803745105 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 312DF UT WOS:000256648600051 ER PT J AU Schneider, DA Yan, HJ Fry, LM Alverson, J White, SN O'Rourke, KI AF Schneider, David A. Yan, Huijun Fry, Lindsay M. Alverson, Janet White, Stephen N. O'Rourke, Katherine I. TI Myenteric neurons of the ileum that express somatostatin are a target of prion neuroinvasion in an alimentary model of sheep scrapie SO ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE prion; scrapie; enteric nervous system; somatostatin; Peyer's patches ID ENTERIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PIG SMALL-INTESTINE; TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES; DIFFERENT PRP GENOTYPES; NATURAL SCRAPIE; MUCOSAL PROJECTIONS; DENDRITIC CELLS; LYMPHOID-TISSUE; PEYERS-PATCHES; IMMUNOREACTIVITY AB Neuroinvasion of the enteric nervous system by prions is an important step in dissemination to the brain, yet very little is known about the basic process of enteric neuroinvasion. Using an alimentary model of neonatal disease transmission, neuroinvasion by scrapie prions in the ileum of lambs was detected by immunohistochemical staining for the disease-associated form of the prion protein, PrP(Sc). Odds ratios (OR) were determined for the frequency of PrP(Sc) staining within enteric somata categorized by plexus location (myenteric, submucosal) and neurochemical staining (PGP 9.5, neural nitric oxide synthase, somatostatin, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide). PrP(Sc) was observed in 4.48 +/- 4.26% of myenteric neurons and 2.57 +/- 1.82% of submucosal neurons in five lambs aged 208-226 days but not in a lamb aged 138 days. The relative frequency of PrP(Sc) within enteric somata was interdependent on plexus location and neurochemical type. Interestingly, PrP(Sc) was observed more frequently within myenteric neurons than in submucosal neurons (PGP 9.5; OR = 1.72, 95% confidence interval = 1.21-2.44), and was observed within the myenteric plexus approximately 4x (2.16-6.94) more frequently in somatostatin neurons than in the general neural population stained by PGP 9.5. Nerve fibers stained for somatostatin were present in the mucosa and near PrP(Sc) staining within Peyer's patches. The results suggest that somatostatin-expressing enteric neurons, with fiber projections near Peyer's patches, but with somata present in greatest proportion within the myenteric plexus, are an early target for neuroinvasion by scrapie prions and could serve an important role in neural dissemination. C1 [Schneider, David A.; White, Stephen N.; O'Rourke, Katherine I.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Yan, Huijun; Fry, Lindsay M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Alverson, Janet] USDA, Vet Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Helena, MT 59601 USA. RP Schneider, DA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, 3003 ADBF,POB 646630, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM das@vetmed.wsu.edu RI Schneider, David/A-2833-2010; OI Schneider, David/0000-0001-9659-6731; White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054 NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0001-6322 J9 ACTA NEUROPATHOL JI Acta Neuropathol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 115 IS 6 BP 651 EP 661 DI 10.1007/s00401-008-0374-2 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 300UC UT WOS:000255849700007 PM 18427817 ER PT J AU Munoz-Carpena, R Ritter, A Bosch, DD Schaffer, B Potter, TL AF Munoz-Carpena, R. Ritter, A. Bosch, D. D. Schaffer, B. Potter, T. L. TI Summer cover crop impacts on soil percolation and nitrogen leaching from a winter corn field SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE nitrogen leaching; deep percolation; cover crop; maize; Crotalaria juncea; sunn hemp; WAVE model; vadose zone; modeling; groundwater pollution; water management; irrigation ID SOUTH FLORIDA; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; VOLCANIC SOIL; LOAM SOIL; TRANSPORT; MINERALIZATION; OPTIMIZATION; SIMULATION; ATRAZINE AB The impacts of a leguminous summer cover crop (sunn hemp; Crotalaria juncea) on nitrogen leaching from a corn (Zea mays L.) field was evaluated by direct measurements of soil water content and nitrogen balance components, complemented by direct and inverse modeling as an exploratory tool to better understand water flow and nitrogen balances in the soil. Water and nitrogen inputs and outputs were measured during winter corn production in an experimental field located in the south Miami-Dade basin in southern Florida (USA). Data from the last two seasons (2001-2002 and 2002-2003) of a 4-year study are presented. The field was divided into six 0.13 ha plots. one-half of the plots were rotated with sunn hemp (CC plots) during the summer while the remaining plots were kept fallow (NC plots). Sweet corn management was uniform on all plots and followed grower recommended practices. A numerical model (WAVE) for describing water and agrochemical movement in the soil was used to simulate water and nitrogen balances in both types of plots during the corn seasons. The hydrodynamic component of WAVE was calibrated with soil water data collected continuously at three depths, which resulted in accurate soil water content predictions (coefficients of efficiency of 0.85 and 0.91 for CC and NC plots, respectively). Measured components of the nitrogen balance (corn yields, estimated nitrogen uptake, and soil organic nitrogen) were used to positively assess the quality of the nitrogen simulation results. Results of the modeled water balance indicate that using sunn hemp as a cover crop improved the soil physical conditions (increase in soil water retention) and subsequently enhanced actual crop evapotranspiration and reduced soil drainage. However, nitrogen simulation results suggest that, although corn nitrogen uptake and yields were slightly higher in the CC plots than in the NC plots, there were net increases of soil N content that resulted in increased N leaching to the shallow aquifer. Therefore, the use of sunn hemp as cover crop should be coupled with reductions in N fertilizer applied to the winter crop to account for the net increase in soil N content. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Munoz-Carpena, R.; Ritter, A.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ritter, A.; Potter, T. L.] ICIA, Tenerife 38200, Spain. [Bosch, D. D.] USDA ARS, SEWRL, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Schaffer, B.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. RP Munoz-Carpena, R (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, 101 Frazier Rogers Hall,POB 110570, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM carpena@ufl.edu RI Munoz-Carpena, Rafael/A-7588-2010 OI Munoz-Carpena, Rafael/0000-0003-2838-1514 NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 EI 1873-2283 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 95 IS 6 BP 633 EP 644 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2008.01.005 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 315QJ UT WOS:000256894200001 ER PT J AU Kroger, R Cooper, CM Moore, MT AF Kroger, R. Cooper, C. M. Moore, M. T. TI A preliminary study of an alternative controlled drainage strategy in surface drainage ditches: Low-grade weirs SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE hydrology; controlled drainage; drainage ditch; residence time ID WATER-TABLE MANAGEMENT; AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; NITRATE LOSS; QUALITY; TRANSPORT AB This study examined hydrological characteristics of low-grade weirs, an alternative controlled drainage strategy in surface drainage ditches. Chemographs of vegetated and clear scraped (control) replicates of weir vs. non-weir treatments were compared to determine differences in time to peak (T(p)) and time to base (T(b)). Drainage ditches T(p) and T(b) were affected by both vegetation and weir presence. The order of treatment efficiency for T(p) was observed to be: non-vegetated non-weir < vegetated non-weir < non-vegetated weir < vegetated weir. Furthermore, Tb for each ditch was the reverse relationship from T(p) where vegetated weir > non-vegetated weir > vegetated non-weir > non-vegetated nonweir. Low-grade weirs increase chemical retention time (vegetated and clear scraped), the average time a molecule of contaminant remains in the system. Future research in water quality improvement and weir management will yield useful information for non-point source pollutant reduction. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kroger, R.] UMFS, Abbeville, MS 38601 USA. [Kroger, R.] Ctr Water & Wetland Resources, Abbeville, MS 38601 USA. [Cooper, C. M.; Moore, M. T.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Kroger, R (reprint author), UMFS, 15 CR 2078, Abbeville, MS 38601 USA. EM kroger@olemiss.edu NR 23 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 95 IS 6 BP 678 EP 684 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2008.01.006 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 315QJ UT WOS:000256894200005 ER PT J AU Burner, DM Belesky, DP AF Burner, David M. Belesky, David P. TI Relative effects of irrigation and intense shade on productivity of alley-cropped tall fescue herbage SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE irrigation; Lolium arundinaceum; nutritive value; shade; Pinus taeda; yield ID CENTRAL APPALACHIAN REGION; DRY-MATTER PRODUCTION; LOBLOLLY-PINE ALLEY; DACTYLIS-GLOMERATA; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; LIGHT GRADIENT; EASTERN USA; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; SYSTEM; GROWTH AB The relative effects of irradiance and soil water on alley-cropped herbage are poorly understood. Our objective was to determine effects of irrigation on herbage productivity when tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.] was grown in two sites, a meadow and a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) alley (620 trees ha(-1)), near Booneville, Arkansas. Three tall fescue entries were space planted in the meadow and pine alley with or without irrigation. Herbage mass and nutritive value were determined at 8-week intervals for 2 years. Mean daily PARwas 33.9 (2004) and 37.5 mol m(-2) d(-1) (2005) in the meadow, while the pine alley received 5.6 mol m(-2) d(-1) (17% of the meadow) in 2004 and 4.3 mol m(-2) d(-1) (11% of meadow) in 2005. Effect of tall fescue entry tended to be small relative to site and irrigation. Irrigation compensated for evapotranspiration in the meadow, but not in the pine alley when summer rainfall was about normal (2004) or low (2005). Nevertheless, site (PAR) had a greater effect on herbage specific leaf weight, leaf elongation rate, tillers plant(-1), mass tiller(-1), and total nonstructural carbohydrate concentration than soil water. Irrigation might have had greater impact on herbage productivity if more water had been applied or if canopy cover had been less extreme. Silvicultural practices should be imposed to improve penetration of solar irradiance to the alley crop. C1 [Burner, David M.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Belesky, David P.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Burner, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, 6883 S State Highway 23, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. EM David.Burner@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 73 IS 2 BP 127 EP 139 DI 10.1007/s10457-008-9118-5 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA 291HI UT WOS:000255185200005 ER PT J AU Bowling, AJ Vaughn, KC AF Bowling, Andrew J. Vaughn, Kevin C. TI Immunocytochemical characterization of tension wood: Gelatinous fibers contain more than just cellulose SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE arabinogalactan proteins; cell walls; Celtis occidentalis; gelatinous fibers; immunocytochemistry; Liquidambar styraciflua; rhamnogalacturonan I; tension wood ID CELL-WALLS; SEED COAT; ARABIDOPSIS; POLYSACCHARIDE; EPITOPES; MUCILAGE; POPULUS; POPLAR; LAYER; TREES AB Gelatinous fibers (G-fibers) are the active component of tension wood. G-fibers are unlike traditional fiber cells in that they possess a thick, nonlignified gelatinous layer (G-layer) internal to the normal secondary cell wall layers. For the past several decades, the G-layer has generally been presumed to be composed nearly entirely of crystalline cellulose, although several reports have appeared that disagreed with this hypothesis. In this report, immunocytochemical techniques were used to investigate the polysaccharide composition of G-fibers in sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua; Hamamelidaceae) and hackberry (Celtis occidentalis; Ulmaceae) tension wood. Surprisingly, a number of antibodies that recognize arabinogalactan proteins and RG I-type pectin molecules bound to the G-layer. Because AGPs and pectic mucilages are found in other plant tissues where swelling reactions occur, we propose that these polymers may be the source of the contractile forces that act on the cellulose microfibrils to provide the tension force necessary to bend the tree trunk. C1 [Bowling, Andrew J.; Vaughn, Kevin C.] ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Vaughn, KC (reprint author), ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Kevin.Vaughn@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 55 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 18 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 95 IS 6 BP 655 EP 663 DI 10.3732/ajb.2007368 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 310TQ UT WOS:000256553700002 PM 21632390 ER PT J AU Drenovsky, RE Martin, CE Falasco, MR James, JJ AF Drenovsky, Rebecca E. Martin, Christina E. Falasco, Molly R. James, Jeremy J. TI Variation in resource acquisition and utilization traits between native and invasive perennial forbs SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE invasive species; functional traits; root foraging; spotted knapweed; yarrow ID LOCALIZED SOIL ENRICHMENT; RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE; ROOT PROLIFERATION; MORPHOLOGICAL PLASTICITY; NITROGEN CAPTURE; PLANTS; RESPONSES; ECOSYSTEM; AVAILABILITY; INVASIBILITY AB Understanding the functional traits that allow invasives to outperform natives is a necessary first step in improving our ability to predict and manage the spread of invaders. In nutrient-limited systems, plant competitive ability is expected to be closely tied to the ability of a plant to exploit nutrient-rich microsites and use these captured nutrients efficiently. The broad objective of this work was to compare the ability of native and invasive perennial forbs to acquire and use nutrients from nutrient-rich microsites. We evaluated morphological and physiological responses among four native and four invasive species exposed to heterogeneous (patch) or homogeneous (control) nutrient distribution. Invasives, on average, allocated more biomass to roots and allocated proportionately more root length to nutrient-rich microsites than did natives. Invasives also had higher leaf N, photosynthetic rates, and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency than natives, regardless of treatment. While these results suggest multiple traits may contribute to the success of invasive forbs in low-nutrient environments, we also observed large variation in these traits among native forbs. These observations support the idea that functional trait variation in the plant community may be a better predictor of invasion resistance than the functional group composition of the plant community. C1 [Drenovsky, Rebecca E.; Martin, Christina E.; Falasco, Molly R.] John Carroll Univ, Dept Biol, Univ Heights, OH 44118 USA. [James, Jeremy J.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Drenovsky, RE (reprint author), John Carroll Univ, Dept Biol, Univ Heights, OH 44118 USA. EM rdrenovsky@jcu.edu NR 46 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 32 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 95 IS 6 BP 681 EP 687 DI 10.3732/ajb.2007408 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 310TQ UT WOS:000256553700005 PM 21632393 ER PT J AU Flagel, LE Rapp, RA Grover, CE Widrlechner, MP Hawkins, J Grafenberg, JL Alvarez, I Chung, GY Wendel, JF AF Flagel, Lex E. Rapp, Ryan A. Grover, Corrinne E. Widrlechner, Mark P. Hawkins, Jennifer Grafenberg, Jessie L. Alvarez, Ines Chung, Gyu Young Wendel, Jonathan F. TI Phylogenetic, morphological, and chemotaxonomic incongruence in the North American endemic genus Echinacea SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE asteraceae; chloroplast DNA; Echinacea; incomplete lineage sorting; phylogenetics; single-copy nuclear DNA ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; DNA-SEQUENCES; NUCLEAR GENES; GOSSYPIUM; DIVERSITY; ANGUSTIFOLIA; HELIANTHEAE; ASTERACEAE; EVOLUTION; INFERENCE AB The study of recently formed species is important because it can help us to better understand organismal divergence and the speciation process. However, these species often present difficult challenges in the field of molecular phylogenetics because the processes that drive molecular divergence can lag behind phenotypic divergence. In the current study we show that species of the recently diverged North American endemic genus of purple coneflower, Echinacea, have low levels of molecular divergence. Data from three nuclear loci and two plastid loci provide neither resolved topologies nor congruent hypotheses about species-level relationships. This lack of phylogenetic resolution is likely due to the combined effects of incomplete lineage sorting, hybridization, and backcrossing following secondary contact. The poor resolution provided by molecular markers contrasts previous studies that found well-resolved and taxonomically supported relationships from metabolic and morphological data. These results suggest that phenotypic canalization, resulting in identifiable morphological species, has occurred rapidly within Echinacea. Conversely, molecular signals have been distorted by gene flow and incomplete lineage sorting. Here we explore the impact of natural history on the genetic organization and phylogenetic relationships of Echinacea. C1 [Flagel, Lex E.; Rapp, Ryan A.; Grover, Corrinne E.; Grafenberg, Jessie L.; Wendel, Jonathan F.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Widrlechner, Mark P.] USDA ARS, N Cent Reg Plant Introduct Stn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hawkins, Jennifer] Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Alvarez, Ines] CSIC, Dept Biodiversidad & Conservac, E-28014 Madrid, Spain. [Chung, Gyu Young] Andong Natl Univ, Sch Bioresource Sci, Andong Gyeongbuk 760749, South Korea. RP Wendel, JF (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jfw@iastate.edu NR 47 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 13 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 95 IS 6 BP 756 EP 765 DI 10.3732/ajb.0800049 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 310TQ UT WOS:000256553700013 PM 21632401 ER PT J AU Wang, J Wang, Y Wang, ZX Li, L Qin, J Lai, WQ Fu, Y Suter, PM Russell, RM Grusak, MA Tang, GW Yin, SA AF Wang, Jie Wang, Yin Wang, Zhixu Li, Lei Qin, Jian Lai, Weiqi Fu, Ying Suter, Paolo M. Russell, Robert M. Grusak, Michael A. Tang, Guangwen Yin, Shian TI Vitamin A equivalence of spirulina beta-carotene in Chinese adults as assessed by using a stable-isotope reference method SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-BODY STORES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PROVITAMIN-A; BIOAVAILABILITY; VEGETABLES; RETINOL; HUMANS; POPULATION; VOLUNTEER; SAFETY AB Background: Spirulina is a high-protein food supplement that contains carotenoids. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the vitamin A equivalence of spirulina beta-carotene in humans. Design: Spirulina was grown in a 23 atom% (H2O)-H-2 cultural solution. Spirulina P-carotene showed the greatest enrichment as [H-2(10)]trans beta-carotene. Ten healthy Chinese men with a mean (+/- SD) serum retinol concentration of 1.7 +/- 0.3 mu mol/L and a body mass index (in kg/m(2)) of 23 +/- 3 consumed 5.8 mu mol [C-13(10)]retinyl acetate in oil as a reference dose with a breakfast containing 13 g fat. One week later, each subject consumed 7.9 mu mol trans beta-carotene in spirulina with a breakfast containing 22 g fat. All subjects followed diets low in carotenoid and vitamin A. Forty blood samples were collected from each subject over a span of 56 d. Concentrations and enrichments of retinol and beta-carotene in serum samples were determined by using HPLC and a mass spectrometer. Results: Compared with the serum response to [C-13(10)]retinyl acetate dose, the mean conversion factor of spirulina beta-carotene to retinol was 4.5 +/- 1.6 (range: 2.3-6.9) by weight. It was estimated that 80% of the conversion occurred within the first 24 h after spirulina administration. Conclusion: In a group of well-nourished, normal-weight Chinese men following low-vitamin A diets, 4.5 mg spirulina beta-carotene consumed with 22 g fat has the same vitamin A activity as does 1 mg retinyl acetate. C1 [Wang, Jie; Li, Lei; Yin, Shian] Natl Inst Nutr & Food Safety, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yin; Lai, Weiqi; Fu, Ying] Zhejiang Acad Med Sci, Inst Hlth Food, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Wang, Zhixu] Qingdao Univ, Coll Med, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China. [Qin, Jian; Russell, Robert M.; Tang, Guangwen] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Suter, Paolo M.] Nestle Fdn, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Suter, Paolo M.] Univ Zurich Hosp, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. [Grusak, Michael A.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Yin, SA (reprint author), Natl Inst Nutr & Food Safety, 29 Nan Wei Rd,Xuan Wu Dist, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. EM shianyin@gmail.com NR 41 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 87 IS 6 BP 1730 EP 1737 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 313ET UT WOS:000256724600021 PM 18541562 ER PT J AU Yang, Z Dewey, KG Lonnerdal, B Hernell, O Chaparro, C Adu-Afarwuah, S McLean, ED Cohen, RJ Domellof, M Allen, LH Brown, KH AF Yang, Zhenyu Dewey, Kathryn G. Lonnerdal, Bo Hernell, Olle Chaparro, Camila Adu-Afarwuah, Seth McLean, Erin D. Cohen, Roberta J. Domellof, Magnus Allen, Lindsay H. Brown, Kenneth H. TI Comparison of plasma ferritin concentration with the ratio of plasma transferrin receptor to ferritin in estimating body iron stores: results of 4 intervention trials SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MICRONUTRIENT STATUS; INDONESIAN INFANTS; SERUM FERRITIN; DEFICIENCY; SUPPLEMENTATION; PREGNANCY; ZINC; FORTIFICATION; POPULATION AB Background: Efforts to develop global programs for the control of iron deficiency require simple, low-cost, and accurate indicators of iron status. Objective: We aimed to compare estimates of body iron (BI) stores, as calculated from either plasma ferritin concentration alone (BI-ferritin) or the ratio of plasma transferrin receptor (TfR) to ferritin (BI-TfR/ferritin). Design: Data were analyzed from 4 previously completed, randomized intervention trials that enrolled infants, schoolchildren, or pregnant women (total n = 1189, after excluding subjects with elevated C-reactive protein). Results: The correlation coefficients between BI-ferritin and BI-TfR/ferritin were > 0.95 for all studies. The kappa index ranged from 0.5 to 1.0. All of the sensitivities of BI-ferritin for identifying persons with low iron stores (defined as BI-TfR/ferritin < 0 mg/kg body wt) were > 0.90. All of the specificities were > 0.90 except the study of pregnant women (specificity = 0.66). The effect sizes of iron intervention trials were significantly greater for change in iron reserves estimated by BI-TfR/ferritin than by BI-ferritin in 2 studies with larger effect sizes (1.11 compared with 1.00 and 1.56 compared with 1.44, respectively; P < 0.05) and 1 study with medium effect size (0.70 compared with 0.57; P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between estimates of these effect sizes for 1 study with a medium effect size and 1 study with a smaller effect size (0.78 compared with 0.83 and 0.37 compared with 0.35, respectively; P > 0.2). Conclusion: Plasma ferritin concentration alone provides a good approximation of total BI reserves, as estimated by BI-TfR/ferritin, on the basis of high correlation, sensitivity, and specificity among nonpregnant persons with unelevated C-reactive protein. C1 [Yang, Zhenyu; Dewey, Kathryn G.; Lonnerdal, Bo; Chaparro, Camila; Adu-Afarwuah, Seth; McLean, Erin D.; Cohen, Roberta J.; Allen, Lindsay H.; Brown, Kenneth H.] Univ Calif Davis, Program Int & Community Nutr, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hernell, Olle; Domellof, Magnus] Umea Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Umea, Sweden. [Allen, Lindsay H.] Agr Res Serv Western, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Brown, KH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Program Int & Community Nutr, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM khbrown@ucdavis.edu RI Domellof, Magnus/E-5307-2011 OI Domellof, Magnus/0000-0002-0726-7029 NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 87 IS 6 BP 1892 EP 1898 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 313ET UT WOS:000256724600041 PM 18541582 ER PT J AU Hunt, CD Johnson, LK AF Hunt, Curtiss D. Johnson, LuAnn K. TI Mineral balance and mineral requirement - Reply to RP Heaney SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Letter ID CALCIUM; WOMEN; RISK; MEN C1 [Hunt, Curtiss D.; Johnson, LuAnn K.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Hunt, CD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, POB 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM curtiss.hunt@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 87 IS 6 BP 1961 EP 1961 PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 313ET UT WOS:000256724600053 ER PT J AU Imamura, F Lichtenstein, AH Dallal, GE Jacques, PF AF Imamura, F. Lichtenstein, A. H. Dallal, G. E. Jacques, P. F. TI Alcohol consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Framingham Offspring Cohort SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 24-27, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Imamura, F.; Lichtenstein, A. H.; Dallal, G. E.; Jacques, P. F.] USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 167 IS 11 SU S BP S145 EP S145 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 307HO UT WOS:000256310200576 ER PT J AU Wong, SHK Shih, RSM Schoene, NW Lei, KY AF Wong, Stephen H. K. Shih, Rita S. M. Schoene, Norberta W. Lei, Kai Y. TI Zinc-induced G2/M blockage is p53 and p21 dependent in normal human bronchial epithelial cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE promoter activity; small interfering RNA ID CYCLE ARREST; P21(WAF1/CIP1) EXPRESSION; MITOTIC CHECKPOINTS; CORTICAL-NEURONS; DNA-REPLICATION; INHIBITOR; PROTEIN; APOPTOSIS; KINASES; GROWTH AB The involvement of p53 and p21 signal pathway in the G2/M cell cycle progression of zinc-supplemented normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells was examined using the small interferring RNA ( siRNA) approach. Cells were cultured for one passage in a different concentration of zinc: < 0.4 mu M (ZD) as zinc deficient; 4 mu M as normal zinc level (ZN) in culture medium; 16 mu M (ZA) as normal human plasma zinc level; and 32 mu M (ZS) as the high end of plasma zinc attainable by oral supplementation. Nuclear p21 protein and mRNA levels as well as promoter activity in ZS cells, but not in ZD cells, were markedly elevated to almost twofold compared with ZN control cells. G2/M blockage in ZS cells was coupled with the observation of elevated p21 gene expression. In ZS cells, the abrogation of p21 protein induction by the transfection of p21 siRNA was shown to alleviate the G2/M blockage, demonstrating the positive linkage of p21 elevation and G2/M blockage. Abolishment of the increase in p53 protein in ZS cells with transfection of p53 siRNA normalized the elevated p21 protein to a similar level as in ZN control cells, which demonstrated that the p21 induction is p53 dependent. Furthermore, the normalization of p53 protein by siRNA treatment in ZS cells alleviated cell growth depression and G2/M blockage, which demonstrated that p53 was involved in the high zinc status-induced G2/M blockage and growth depression. Thus high zinc status in NHBE cells upregulates p53 expression which in turn elevates p21 that eventually induces G2/M blockage. C1 [Wong, Stephen H. K.; Shih, Rita S. M.; Lei, Kai Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Schoene, Norberta W.] Agr Res Serv, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Lei, KY (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 0121 Skinner Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dlei@umd.edu RI shih, sheung-mei/F-8024-2010 NR 44 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 294 IS 6 BP C1342 EP C1349 DI 10.1152/ajpcell.00061.2008 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 311BL UT WOS:000256574900008 PM 18353898 ER PT J AU Thompson, AL Farnsworth, BL Gudmestad, NC Secor, GA Preston, DA Sowokinos, JR Glynn, M Hatterman-Valenti, H AF Thompson, A. L. Farnsworth, B. L. Gudmestad, N. C. Secor, G. A. Preston, D. A. Sowokinos, J. R. Glynn, M. Hatterman-Valenti, H. TI Dakota diamond: An exceptionally high yielding, cold chipping potato cultivar with long-term storage potential SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Solanum tuberosum L.; Solanum chacoense Bitter; Solanum tuberosum L. subsp.; andigena; Solanum demissum Lindl.; Solanum phureja Juz. and Bukasov; potato cultivar; release; cold chipping; common scab; pink rot; colorado potato beetle ID RESISTANCE; VARIETY; SOLIDS; CLONES AB 'Dakota Diamond', evaluated as ND5822C-7, is a medium to late-maturing cultivar with uniformly sized tubers and very high yield potential. It resulted from the cross of ND4103-2 and 'Dakota Pearl'. Dakota Diamond is comprised of approximately 23.3% wild potato species germplasm. It combines the characteristics of several species, including Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. andigena Juz. and Bukasov, S. demissum Lindl., S. phureja Juz. and Bukasov, and purportedly, S. chacoense Bitter. Haulms are vigorous and large. Tubers are smooth and round, with bright white skin and white flesh. Dakota Diamond is suitable for the cold chip and fresh tablestock markets, both directly from the field and following storage at 7.2 degrees C. Yield potential under both non-irrigated and irrigated conditions in North Dakota and Minnesota is very high, with total yield, US no. 1 yield, and percent US no. 1 tubers of Dakota Diamond superior to those of 'Atlantic' and Dakota Pearl, commercially acceptable chip cultivars. Mean yields for Dakota Diamond across these sites is 40.8 t ha(-1). It is widely adapted based upon performance in the North Central Regional Potato Variety Trials and Snack Food Association/US Potato Board Trials. Dakota Diamond sets tubers slightly later than other commercially acceptable chip cultivars, but tubers size quickly. Dakota Diamond demonstrates resistance to common scab (Streptomyces scabies Thaxter) and to pink rot (Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethyb.), and preferential avoidance by Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) in pest resistance screening evaluations. Dakota Diamond demonstrates resistance to most internal and external defects. It is susceptible to hollow heart, however, particularly in tubers over 283 g. Dakota Diamond expresses typical symptoms of PVY degrees. However, infection by PVYn and PVYn:o recombinant genotypes is difficult to detect visually. The specific gravity of Dakota Diamond is high, averaging 1.095 across irrigated and non-irrigated sites in North Dakota and Minnesota. Chip color reaches its optimal, and sugar levels reach their minimum in late January to early February when produced in northern locales, maintaining chip quality parameters throughout the late storage market window. Dakota Diamond is aptly named for its excellent attributes, including beautiful appearance, excellent chip quality particularly from late season storage, resistance to common scab, and exceptionally high yield potential, and in honor of the Diamond Jubilee, the 75th anniversary of the North Dakota State University potato breeding program C1 [Thompson, A. L.; Farnsworth, B. L.; Hatterman-Valenti, H.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Gudmestad, N. C.; Secor, G. A.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Preston, D. A.] Univ Minnesota N Dakota State Univ Extens, East Grand Forks, MN 56721 USA. [Sowokinos, J. R.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS Potato Worksite, Dept Hort Sci, East Grand Forks, MN 56721 USA. [Glynn, M.] ARS, USDA ARS Potato Worksite, USDA, East Grand Forks, MN 56721 USA. RP Thompson, AL (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM asunta.thompson@ndsu.edu NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 85 IS 3 BP 171 EP 182 DI 10.1007/s12230-008-9009-3 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 315VK UT WOS:000256908100001 ER PT J AU Novy, RG Whitworth, JL Stark, JC Love, SL Corsini, DL Pavek, JJ Vales, MI James, SR Hane, DC Shock, CC Charlton, BA Brown, CR Knowles, NR Pavek, MJ Brandt, TL Olsen, N AF Novy, R. G. Whitworth, J. L. Stark, J. C. Love, S. L. Corsini, D. L. Pavek, J. J. Vales, M. I. James, S. R. Hane, D. C. Shock, C. C. Charlton, B. A. Brown, C. R. Knowles, N. R. Pavek, M. J. Brandt, T. L. Olsen, N. TI Premier Russet: A dual-purpose, potato cultivar with significant resistance to low temperature sweetening during long-term storage SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Solanum tuberosum; variety; breeding; cold-sweetening resistance; processing ID COMMON SCAB; VARIETY; GERMPLASM; QUALITY; DISEASE AB Premier Russet is a russet-skinned, high yielding potato cultivar suitable for processing or fresh-pack. Premier Russet is notable for its resistance to the accumulation of reducing sugars in its tubers. This characteristic allows tubers of Premier Russet to be stored at temperatures as low as 5.6 degrees C for 250 days without the need for reconditioning prior to processing. The low temperature sweetening resistance of Premier Russet allows for its storage at colder temperatures which contributes to prolonged tuber dormancy and quality, and to a reduction in the incidence and severity of storage diseases associated with the higher storage temperatures typically used for industry-standard cultivars such as Russet Burbank and Ranger Russet. Premier Russet was released in 2006 by the USDA-ARS and the Agricultural Experiment Stations of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, and is a product of the Northwest Potato Variety (Tri-State) Development Program. In full-season trials conducted over a 3-year period in the states of Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Colorado, California, New Mexico, and Texas, Premier Russet averaged 5% and 4% higher yields than Ranger Russet and Russet Burbank, respectively, and had a higher percentage of US No. 1 yield than either cultivar. Specific gravity of Premier Russet is consistently greater than that of Ranger Russet or Russet Burbank. Premier Russet is resistant to common and powdery scab, very resistant to the common strain of potato virus Y (PVYO), and moderately resistant to Verticillium wilt, early blight of the foliage and tuber, Pectobacterium (Erwinia) soft rot, and to galling of roots by powdery scab. Blackspot bruise reaction for Premier Russet is similar to that of Ranger Russet. The incidence of hollow heart in Premier Russet is higher than that of Ranger Russet or Russet Burbank. Cultural recommendations to manage hollow heart in Premier Russet are provided. C1 [Novy, R. G.; Whitworth, J. L.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Stark, J. C.; Love, S. L.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen R & E Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Vales, M. I.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [James, S. R.] Oregon State Univ, Cent Oregan Ag Res Ctr, Madras, OR 97741 USA. [Hane, D. C.] Oregon State Univ, Hermiston Agr R & E Ctr, Hermiston, OR 97838 USA. [Shock, C. C.] Oregon State Univ, Malheur Expt Stn, Ontario, OR 97914 USA. [Charlton, B. A.] Oregon State Univ, Klamath Basin R & E Ctr, Klamath Falls, OR 97603 USA. [Brown, C. R.] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Knowles, N. R.; Pavek, M. J.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Brandt, T. L.; Olsen, N.] Univ Idaho, Twin Falls R & E Ctr, Twin Falls, ID 83303 USA. [Corsini, D. L.; Pavek, J. J.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Novy, RG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Rich.Novy@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 85 IS 3 BP 198 EP 209 DI 10.1007/s12230-008-9013-7 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 315VK UT WOS:000256908100003 ER PT J AU Rockhold, DR Chang, S Taylor, N Allen, PV Mccue, KF Belknap, WR AF Rockhold, David R. Chang, Sophie Taylor, Nathan Allen, Paul V. McCue, Kent F. Belknap, William R. TI Structure of two Solanum bulbocastanum polyubiquitin genes and expression of their promoters in transgenic potatoes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE beta-glucuronidase; intron; leaf; tuber; wound-induced ID UBIQUITIN GENES; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; BETA-GLUCURONIDASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FUSION MARKER; PLANTS; RICE; STRESS AB Two polyubiquitin genes, bul409 and bul427, were isolated from a Solanum bulbocastanum BAC library. The bul409 and bul427 genes encode hexameric and heptameric polyproteins, respectively. bul427 exhibits a number of features suggestive of a pseudogene: (1) The last ubiquitin monomer of bul427 is interrupted by a frame shift mutation. (2) The coding sequence is flanked 3' by mitochondrial and chloroplast sequences and 5' by a protein kinase pseudogene. However, characterization of cDNAs amplified using bul427-based primers demonstrated that bul427 is transcriptionally active. Chimeric transgenes encoding beta-glucuronidase (GUS) translationally fused to the first ubiquitin-coding units of bul409, a truncated version 409s, and bul427 were constructed and introduced into potato. In transgenic potato lines both S. bulbocastanum promoters were weakly transcribed in tubers and efficiently transcribed in leaves. In leaves, bul409s was wound-induced, while bul427 was not. In tubers both promoters were wound-induced. In unwounded leaves and tubers, the steady state mRNA levels from both bul promoters were lower than the steady state mRNA levels from the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter. However, in the leaves and tubers of many of the transgenic lines the GUS activity was significantly higher in the bul lines compared to the 35S lines. The apparent inconsistency of higher enzymatic activity correlated with lower steady state levels of mRNA demonstrates the enhanced protein expression observed with ubiquitin fusion proteins. C1 [Rockhold, David R.; Chang, Sophie; Taylor, Nathan; Allen, Paul V.; McCue, Kent F.; Belknap, William R.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Mccue, KF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Kent.McCue@ars.usda.gov RI Belknap, William/B-4500-2009; McCue, Kent/A-8973-2009 NR 36 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 85 IS 3 BP 219 EP 226 DI 10.1007/s12230-008-9015-5 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 315VK UT WOS:000256908100005 ER PT J AU Bamberg, J del Rio, AH AF Bamberg, John del Rio, Alfonso H. TI Proximity and introgression of other potato species does not explain genetic dissimilarity between Solanum verrucosum populations of northern and southern Mexico SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE genetic introgression; inbred species; in situ; potato wild relatives; RAPD markers; demissum; hjertingii; hougasii; matahualae; macropilosum; stoloniferum; verrucosum ID RAPD; ASSOCIATION AB Decisions that improve genebank management depend on understanding patterns of diversity in the genetic resources being conserved. In potato, populations of the wild Mexican species S. verrucosum (ver) collected from the north (N) of the natural range had been shown to be genetically distinctive from those in the south (S). But this geographic association with genetic diversity was noted to be confounded with proximity of other wild potato species, suggesting introgression as a possible cause. RAPD bands that distinguished N and S ver were generated. When their association with nearby populations of other wild potato species was assessed, the hypothesis of introgression was not supported. We conclude that the apparently distinctive genetics of N ver are not explained by common alleles introgressed from proximal populations of other species. Thus, N ver germplasm populations, although less numerous, should be represented in samples of species ver with regard to collection, preservation and evaluation. C1 [Bamberg, John] ARS, USDA, US Potato Genebank, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235 USA. [del Rio, Alfonso H.] Univ Wisconsin, US Potato Genebank, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Bamberg, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Potato Genebank, 4312 Hwy 42, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235 USA. EM John.Bamberg@ARS.USDA.GOV OI Del Rio, Alfonso/0000-0001-8780-747X NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 85 IS 3 BP 232 EP 238 DI 10.1007/s12230-008-9027-1 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 315VK UT WOS:000256908100007 ER PT J AU Cook, KL Whitehead, TR Spence, C Cotta, MA AF Cook, Kimberly L. Whitehead, Terence R. Spence, Cheryl Cotta, Michael A. TI Evaluation of the sulfate-reducing bacterial population associated with stored swine slurry SO ANAEROBE LA English DT Article DE sulfate-reducing bacteria; swine slurry; real-time PCR; lagoon; pit ID DISSIMILATORY SULFITE REDUCTASE; REAL-TIME PCR; HUMAN LARGE-INTESTINE; MANURE STORAGE PITS; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE PCR; GUT BACTERIA; RNA GENES; DIVERSITY AB Hydrogen sulfide, produced by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), is one of the most potent malodors emitted from anaerobic swine waste storage systems. However, little is known about the prevalence and diversity of SRB in those systems. The goals of this study were to evaluate the SRB population in swine manure storage systems and to develop quantitative, real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) assays to target four of the SRB groups. Dissimilatory sulfite reductase (DSR) gene sequences were obtained from swine slurry stored in underground pits (43 clones) or in lagoons (34 clones). QRT-PCR assays were designed to target the dsrA gene of four novel groups of SRB. Sequences of dsrA clones from slurry samples grouped with those from three different cultured SRB: Desulfobulbus sp. (46 clones), Desulfovibrio sp. (24 clones and 5 isolates), and Desulfobacterium sp. (7 clones). However, DsrA sequences from swine slurry clones were generally less than 85% similar to those of cultured organisms. SRB from all four targeted SRB groups were detected in underground waste storage pits (6.6 x 10(3) -8.5 x 10(7) dsrA copies mL(-1) slurry), while only two groups of SRB were detected in lagoons (3.2 x 10(5) -2.5 x 10(6) dsrA copies mL(-1) slurry). To date, this is the only study to evaluate the phylogeny and concentration of SRB in any livestock waste storage system. The new QRT-PCR assays should facilitate sensitive, specific detection of the four novel groups of SRB in livestock waste Storage systems. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cook, Kimberly L.] ARS, USDA, AWMRU, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. [Whitehead, Terence R.; Spence, Cheryl; Cotta, Michael A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Cook, KL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, AWMRU, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM kim.cook@ars.usda.gov RI Whitehead, Terence/B-5235-2009; OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754 NR 47 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1075-9964 J9 ANAEROBE JI Anaerobe PD JUN PY 2008 VL 14 IS 3 BP 172 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2008.03.003 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 324XK UT WOS:000257552500007 PM 18457964 ER PT J AU Goncalves, RF Barnabe, VH Killian, GJ AF Goncalves, R. F. Barnabe, V. H. Killian, G. J. TI Pre-treatment of cattle sperm and/or oocyte with antibody to lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase inhibits in vitro fertilization and increases sperm-oocyte binding SO ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS); cattle; sperm-oocyte binding; fertilization ID BOVINE SPERM; EGG BINDING; FLUID; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; HAMSTER; EMBRYOS; PLASMA; CELLS; HEART AB The present study was conducted to determine the affect of pre-treating of oocytes and/or sperm with a rabbit polyclonal antibody against recombinant cattle lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase (alpha L-PGDS) on in vitro sperm-oocyte binding and fertilization. In vitro matured cattle oocytes were incubated (39 degrees C, 5% CO2 in air) for I It in the following treatments either 500 mu L of fertilization medium (FM) or FM with alpha L-PGDS (1:2000). Frozen-thawed spermatozoa were washed by a 45/90% layered Percoll gradient centrifugation and incubated for I h either FM or FM with a L-PGDS. This study utilized five different treatments: (1) no antibody (control); (2) a rabbit IgG against a non-bovine antigen, bacterial histidase (alpha-hist); (3) a L-PGDS at fertilization time (with fertilization medium); (4) alpha L-PGDS-treated oocytes; or (5) a L-PGDS-treated sperm. Pre-treated oocytes were incubated with 10 X 10(4) washed spermatozoa per 25 oocytes. Oocytes used to assess sperm binding were stained with Hoescht 33342, and the number of sperm bound per zonae pellucidae counted. The remaining oocytes were fixed in acid alcohol, stained with 1% acetate-orcein and observed to determine the presence of pronuclei. More sperm bound to the zonae pellucidae when oocytes and/or sperm were pre-treated with alpha. L-PGDS: (1) 26.4 +/- 3.0; (2) 25.6 +/- 3.0; (3) 59.7 +/- 3.0; (4) 56.4 +/- 3.0; and (5) 57.1 +/- 3.0. Addition of alpha L-PGDS with sperm, oocytes, or both, decreased fertilization (P < 0.05) compared with the control: (1) 89.2 +/- 2.0%; (2) 87.5 +/- 2.0%; (3) 19.4 +/- 2.0%; (4) 27.2 +/- 3.1%; and (5) 14.1 +/- 3.4%. The alpha L-PGDS reacts with both oocytes and spermatozoa, resulting in increases of in vitro sperm-oocyte binding and inhibition of fertilization. These observations suggest that L-PGDS may have a role in cattle fertilization. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Goncalves, R. F.; Barnabe, V. H.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Anim Reprod, Coll Vet Med & Anim Sci, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Killian, G. J.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Las Cruces, NM USA. RP Goncalves, RF (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Anim Reprod, Coll Vet Med & Anim Sci, Cidade Univ, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM ona@usp.br RI Goncalves, Roseli/D-3714-2012; OI Goncalves, Roseli/0000-0002-1546-2051; Goncalves, Roseli/0000-0003-3519-8785 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4320 J9 ANIM REPROD SCI JI Anim. Reprod. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 106 IS 1-2 BP 188 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.12.019 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology GA 299YG UT WOS:000255790900018 PM 18272301 ER PT J AU Magilligan, FJ Haynie, HJ Nislow, KH AF Magilligan, Francis J. Haynie, Hannah J. Nislow, Keith H. TI Channel adjustments to dams in the Connecticut River Basin: Implications for forested mesic watersheds SO ANNALS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN GEOGRAPHERS LA English DT Article DE dams; hydrologic alteration; riparian; stream channel; watershed fragmentation ID LONG-TERM CHANGES; GREEN RIVER; AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS; PHYSICAL-GEOGRAPHY; HYDROLOGIC REGIME; DOWNSTREAM; SEDIMENT; COLORADO; FLOW; UTAH AB Through an analysis of at-a-station channel and reach-averaged fluvial properties, we document the stream channel, riparian, and hydraulic adjustments associated with six dams in the Upper Connecticut River basin. For the reach-scale geomorphic analysis, we measured channel planform, properties of five tributaries and one mainstem section using geographic information systems of available aerial photographs that pre and postdate the dams. For the at-a-station morphological adjustments, we used field-measured U.S. Geological Survey stream gauge data of channel hydraulic geometry and discharge. Width, mean depth, cross-sectional area, mean velocity, roughness, and bed elevation were assessed for changes subsequent to dam closure while the reach-scale metrics, sinuosity, and wetted perimeter width, were measured by aerial photography. Corresponding to relatively minor changes in the frequency and magnitude of channel-maintaining flows, we observed no significant differences between pre and postdam channel morphology in the mainstem section. In the tributaries, where major hydrologic alteration has occurred, we observed some statistically significant adjustment at both cross-section and reach scales. These effects, however, have been relatively minor, and are not consistent across dams in the magnitude, direction, or type of change observed. In highly forested upland New England watersheds, characterized by modest sediment loads, stable channels, and relatively low storage/runoff ratios, channel changes in response to hydrologic alteration appear to be small and contingent on local conditions and landscape history. These responses are in strong contrast to impacts in other geographical regions, and underscore the importance of considering regional hydroclimatic context in large-scale assessments of the impacts of dams. C1 [Magilligan, Francis J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Geog, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Haynie, Hannah J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nislow, Keith H.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Magilligan, FJ (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Geog, 6017 Fairchild, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Magilligan@dartmouth.edu; Hannah.j.Haynic.03@Alum.Dartmouth.org; knislow@fs.fed.us NR 64 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 10 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0004-5608 EI 1467-8306 J9 ANN ASSOC AM GEOGR JI Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 2 BP 267 EP 284 DI 10.1080/00045600801944160 PG 18 WC Geography SC Geography GA 300QC UT WOS:000255839300001 ER PT J AU Jahoor, F Badaloo, A Reid, M Forrester, T AF Jahoor, Farook Badaloo, Asha Reid, Marvin Forrester, Terrence TI Protein metabolism in severe childhood malnutrition SO ANNALS OF TROPICAL PAEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID ERYTHROCYTE GLUTATHIONE SYNTHESIS; AMINO-ACID-METABOLISM; ENERGY MALNUTRITION; MALNOURISHED CHILDREN; INFECTION; KWASHIORKOR; KINETICS; SUPPLEMENTATION; UNDERNUTRITION; GLYCINE AB The major clinical syndromes of severe childhood malnutrition (SCM) are marasmus (non-oedematous SCM), kwashiorkor and marasmic-kwashiorkor (oedematous SCM). Whereas treatment of marasmus is straightforward and the associated mortality is low, kwashiorkor and marasmic-kwashiorkor are difficult to treat and have high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite extensive research, the pathogenic factors which cause a child to develop the oedematous instead of the non-oedematous form of SCM in response to food deprivation are still not clear. Over the years, two attractive hypotheses have been put forward. The first proposed that a dysadaptation in protein metabolism was involved and the second proposed that free radical damage of cellular membranes might be involved. To address aspects of these hypotheses, in this article we have reviewed work done by our group and by others on protein metabolism and pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant homeostasis in children with the oedematous and non-oedematous syndromes of SCM. A significant finding is that when there is chronic food deprivation children with non-oedematous SCM can maintain body protein breakdown at the same rate as when they are well nourished, but children with oedematous SCM cannot. The slower protein breakdown rate of children with oedematous SCM reduces the supply of most amino acids, resulting in decreased availability for the synthesis of plasma proteins involved in nutrient transport and the acute phase response to infection. Another consistent finding is that children with oedematous SCM have oxidative stress as there is evidence of oxidant-induced cellular damage and impaired synthesis of the primary cellular anti-oxidant glutathione. C1 [Jahoor, Farook] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Badaloo, Asha; Reid, Marvin; Forrester, Terrence] Univ W Indies, Res Inst Trop Med, Trop Metab Res Unit, Kingston, Jamaica. RP Jahoor, F (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM fjahoor@bcm.tmc.edu OI Reid, Marvin/0000-0003-4005-9384 NR 29 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 11 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 0272-4936 J9 ANN TROP PAEDIATR JI Ann. Trop. Paediatr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 28 IS 2 BP 87 EP 101 DI 10.1179/146532808X302107 PG 15 WC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine SC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine GA 314VP UT WOS:000256837600001 PM 18510818 ER PT J AU Mantovani, HC Russell, JB AF Mantovani, Hilario C. Russell, James B. TI Bovicin HC5, a lantibiotic produced by Streptococcus bovis HC5, catalyzes the efflux of intracellular potassium but not ATP SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PEPTIDE ANTIBIOTIC NISIN; LIPID-II; BACTERIAL-MEMBRANES; RUMINAL BACTERIUM; MASTITIS; IMMUNITY; TARGET; CELLS; COWS AB Bovicin HC5, a broad-spectrum lantibiotic produced by Streptococcus bovis HC5, catalyzed the efflux of intracellular potassium from Streptococcus bovis JB1, a sensitive strain. The level of ATP also decreased, but this decline appeared to be caused by the activity of the F1F0 ATPase rather than efflux per se. C1 [Mantovani, Hilario C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Russell, James B.] USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Russell, JB (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM James.Russell@ars.usda.gov RI Mantovani, Hilario/J-5287-2012 NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 IS 6 BP 2247 EP 2249 DI 10.1128/AAC.00109-08 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 306UG UT WOS:000256272700050 PM 18347110 ER PT J AU Loria, R Bignell, DRD Moll, S Huguet-Tapia, JC Joshi, MV Johnson, EG Seipke, RF Gibson, DM AF Loria, Rosemary Bignell, Dawn R. D. Moll, Simon Huguet-Tapia, Jose C. Joshi, Madhumita V. Johnson, Evan G. Seipke, Ryan F. Gibson, Donna M. TI Thaxtomin biosynthesis: the path to plant pathogenicity in the genus Streptomyces SO ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Meeting of the International-Symposia-on-the-Biology-of-Actinomycetes (ISBA) CY AUG 26-30, 2007 CL Newcastle upon Tyne, ENGLAND SP Int Symposia Biol Actinomycetes DE cellobiose; nitric oxide synthase; phytotoxin; potato scab; Streptomyces; thaxtomin ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; DISEASE RESISTANCE; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; ACIDISCABIES; PHYTOTOXIN; SCABIES; BACTERIA; SIGNAL AB Streptomyces species are best known for their ability to produce a wide array of medically and agriculturally important secondary metabolites. However, there is a growing number of species which, like Streptomyces scabies, can function as plant pathogens and cause scab disease on economically important crops such as potato. All of these species produce the phytotoxin thaxtomin, a nitrated dipeptide which inhibits cellulose synthesis in expanding plant tissue. The biosynthesis of thaxtomin involves conserved non-ribosomal peptide synthetases, P450 monooxygenases, and a nitric oxide synthase, the latter being required for nitration of the toxin. This nitric oxide synthase is also responsible for the production of diffusible nitric oxide by scab-causing streptomycetes at the host-pathogen interface, suggesting that nitric oxide production might play an additional role during the infection process. The thaxtomin biosynthetic genes are transcriptionally regulated by an AraC/XylS family regulator, TxtR, which is conserved in pathogenic streptomycetes and is encoded within the thaxtomin biosynthetic gene cluster. The TxtR protein specifically binds cellobiose, a known inducer of thaxtomin biosynthesis, and cellobiose is required for expression of the biosynthetic genes. A second virulence gene in pathogenic Streptomyces species, nec1, encodes a novel secreted protein that may suppress plant defence responses. The thaxtomin biosynthetic genes and nec1 are contained on a large mobilizable pathogenicity island; the transfer of this island to recipient streptomycetes likely explains the rapid emergence of new pathogenic species. The newly available genome sequence of S. scabies will provide further insight into the mechanisms utilized by pathogenic streptomycetes during plant-microbe interactions. C1 [Loria, Rosemary; Bignell, Dawn R. D.; Moll, Simon; Joshi, Madhumita V.; Johnson, Evan G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Huguet-Tapia, Jose C.; Seipke, Ryan F.] Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gibson, Donna M.] ARS, USDA, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Loria, R (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rl21@cornell.edu RI Johnson, Evan/B-9864-2008; Seipke, Ryan/D-4874-2011 OI Johnson, Evan/0000-0001-7672-2120; NR 34 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 4 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-6072 J9 ANTON LEEUW INT J G JI Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek PD JUN PY 2008 VL 94 IS 1 BP 3 EP 10 DI 10.1007/s10482-008-9240-4 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 313QB UT WOS:000256754000002 PM 18392685 ER PT J AU Richards, GP Watson, MA Crane, EJ Burt, IG Bushek, D AF Richards, Gary P. Watson, Michael A. Crane, Edward J., III Burt, Iris G. Bushek, David TI Shewanella and Photobacterium spp. in oysters and seawater from the Delaware Bay SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FATAL NECROTIZING FASCIITIS; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; VIBRIO-DAMSELA; ALGA SEPTICEMIA; MARINE FISH; SP. NOV; PUTREFACIENS; BACTEREMIA; INFECTION; PATIENT AB Shewanella algae, S. putrefaciens, and Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae are indigenous marine bacteria and human pathogens causing cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, abscesses, septicemia, and death. Infections are rare and are most often associated with the immunocompromised host. A study was performed on the microbiological flora of oysters and seawater from commercial oyster harvesting sites in the Delaware Bay, New Jersey. From 276 water and shellfish samples tested, 1,421 bacterial isolates were picked for biochemical identification and 170 (12.0%) of the isolates were presumptively identified as S. putrefaciens, 26 (1.8%) were presumptively identified as P. damselae subsp. damselae, and 665 (46.8%) could not be identified using the API 20E identification database. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes of 22 S. putrefaciens-like isolates identified them as S. abalonesis, S. algae, S. baltica, S. hafniensis, S. marisflavi, S. putrefaciens, Listonella anguillarum, and P. damselae. Beta-hemolysis was produced by some S. algae and A damselae isolates, while isolates of S. baltica and L. anguillarum, species perceived as nonpathogenic, also exhibited P-hemolysis and growth at 37 degrees C. To our knowledge, this is the first time these beta-hemolytic strains were reported from shellfish or seawater from the Delaware Bay. Pathogenic Shewanella and Photobacterium species could pose a health threat through the ingestion of contaminated seafood, by cuts or abrasions acquired in the marine environment, or by swimming and other recreational activities. C1 [Richards, Gary P.; Watson, Michael A.] Delaware State Univ, ARS, USDA, James WW Baker Ctr, Dover, DE 19901 USA. [Crane, Edward J., III] Pomona Coll, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Burt, Iris G.; Bushek, David] Rutgers State Univ, Haskin Shellfish Res Lab, Port Norris, NJ 08349 USA. RP Richards, GP (reprint author), Delaware State Univ, ARS, USDA, James WW Baker Ctr, Dover, DE 19901 USA. EM gary.richards@ars.usda.gov OI Crane, Edward/0000-0002-9910-9502 NR 40 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 74 IS 11 BP 3323 EP 3327 DI 10.1128/AEM.00060-08 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 309KX UT WOS:000256460400001 PM 18378645 ER PT J AU Betancourt, DA Loveless, TM Brown, JW Bishop, PE AF Betancourt, Doris A. Loveless, Telisa M. Brown, James W. Bishop, Paul E. TI Characterization of diazotrophs containing Mo-independent nitrogenases, isolated from diverse natural environments SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYANOBACTERIUM ANABAENA-VARIABILIS; 2ND ALTERNATIVE NITROGENASE; AZOTOBACTER-VINELANDII; STRUCTURAL GENES; VANADIUM NITROGENASE; FIXING BACTERIA; FE-PROTEIN; CLOSTRIDIUM-PASTEURIANUM; RHODOBACTER-CAPSULATUS; RHODOSPIRILLUM-RUBRUM AB Molybdenum-independent nitrogenases were first described in the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii and have since been described in other diazotrophic bacteria. Previously, we reported the isolation of seven diazotrophs with Mo-independent nitrogenases from aquatic environments. In the present study, we extend these results to include diazotrophs isolated from wood chip mulch, soil, "paraffin dirt," and sediments from mangrove swamps. Mo-deficient, N-free media under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions were used for the isolations. A total of 26 isolates were genetically and physiologically characterized. Their phylogenetic placement was determined using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Most of the isolates are members of the gamma subdivision of the class Proteobacteria and appear to be specifically related to fluorescent pseudomonads and azotobacteria. Two other isolates, ANI and LPF4, are closely related to Enterobacter spp. and Paenibacillus spp., respectively. PCR and/or Southern hybridization were used to detect the presence of nitrogenase genes in the isolates. PCR amplification of vnfG and anfG was used to detect the genetic potential for the expression of the vanadium-containing nitrogenase and the iron-only nitrogenase in the isolates. This study demonstrates that diazotrophs with Mo-independent nitrogenases can be readily isolated from diverse natural environments. C1 [Betancourt, Doris A.; Brown, James W.; Bishop, Paul E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Loveless, Telisa M.; Bishop, Paul E.] N Carolina State Univ, ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Betancourt, DA (reprint author), US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent Control Div, Mail Code E 305-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM betancourt.doris@epa.gov NR 55 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 74 IS 11 BP 3471 EP 3480 DI 10.1128/AEM.02694-07 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 309KX UT WOS:000256460400019 PM 18378646 ER PT J AU Chen, J Civerolo, E Tubajika, K Livingston, S Higbee, B AF Chen, J. Civerolo, E. Tubajika, K. Livingston, S. Higbee, B. TI Hypervariations of a protease-encoding gene, PD0218 (pspB), in Xylella fastidiosa strains causing almond leaf scorch and Pierce's disease in California SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALPHA C PROTEIN; TANDEM REPEATS; SEQUENCE; DIVERSITY; NUMBER; PATHOGENICITY; GRAPEVINES; EXPRESSION; BACTERIUM; VIRULENCE AB Xylella fastidiosa is a gram-negative plant pathogenic bacterium that causes almond leaf scorch disease (ALSD) and Pierce's disease (PD) of grape in many regions of North America and Mexico. Of the two 16S rRNA gene genotypes described in California, A genotype strains cause ALSD only and G genotype strains cause both PD and ALSD. While G genotype strains cause two different diseases, little is known about their genetic variation. In this study, we identified a putative protease locus, PD0218 (pspB), in the genome of X. fastidiosa and evaluated the variation at this locus in X.fastidiosa populations. PD0218 contains tandem repeats of ACDCCA, translated to threonine and proline (TP), upstream of the putative protease conserved domain. Among 116 X. fastidiosa ALSD and PD strains isolated from seven locations in California, tandem repeat numbers (TRNs) varied from 9 to 47, with a total of 30 TRN genotypes, indicating that X. fastidiosa possesses an active mechanism for contracting and expanding tandem repeats at this locus. Significant TRN variation was found among PD strains (mean = 29.9), which could be further divided into two TRN groups: PD-G(small) (mean = 17.3) and PD-G(large) (mean 44.3). Less variation was found in ALSD strains (mean = 21.7). The variation was even smaller after ALSD strains were subdivided into the A and G genotypes (mean = 13.3, for the G genotype; mean = 27.1, for the A genotype). Genetic variation at the PD0218 locus is potentially useful for sensitive discrimination of X.fastidiosa strains. However, TRN stability, variation range, and correlation to phenotypes should be evaluated in epidemiological applications such as pathotype identification and delineation of pathogen origin. C1 [Chen, J.; Civerolo, E.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Tubajika, K.] APHIS, USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Pest Epidemiol & Risk Assessment Lab, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Livingston, S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Higbee, B.] Paramount Fanning Co, Bakersfield, CA 93308 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM Jianchi.chen@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 74 IS 12 BP 3652 EP 3657 DI 10.1128/AEM.02386-07 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 315SK UT WOS:000256899700005 PM 18456854 ER PT J AU Alali, WQ Scott, HM Harvey, RB Norby, B Lawhorn, DB Pillai, SD AF Alali, W. Q. Scott, H. M. Harvey, R. B. Norby, B. Lawhorn, D. B. Pillai, S. D. TI Longitudinal study of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolates from integrated multisite cohorts of humans and swine SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; POULTRY SLAUGHTERERS; PIG FARMERS; ANIMALS; ENTEROCOCCI; SALMONELLA AB In a 3-year longitudinal study, we examined the relationship between the seasonal prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant (AR) Escherichia coli isolates from human wastewater and swine fecal samples and the following risk factors: the host species, the production type (swine), the vocation (human swine workers, non-swine workers, and slaughter plant workers), and the season, in a multisite, vertically integrated swine and human population representative of a closed agri-food system. Human and swine E. coli (n = 4,048 and 3,429, respectively) isolates from wastewater and fecal samples were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, using the Sensititre broth microdilution system. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences among AR E. coli prevalence levels of (i) the host species, in which swine isolates were at higher risk for resistance to tetracycline, kanamycin, ceftiofur, gentamicin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, sulfisoxazole, and ampicillin; (ii) the swine production group, in which purchased boars, nursery piglets, and breeding boars isolates had a higher risk of resistance to streptomycin and tetracycline; and iii) the vocation cohorts, in which swine worker cohort isolates exhibited lower sulfisoxazole and cefoxitin prevalence than the non-swine worker cohorts, while the slaughter plant worker cohort isolates exhibited elevated cefoxitin prevalence compared to that of non-swine workers. While a high variability was observed among seasonal samples over the 3-year period, no significant temporal trends were apparent. There were significant differences in the prevalence levels of multidrug-resistant isolates between host species, with swine at a higher risk of carrying multidrug-resistant strains than humans. Considering vocation, slaughter plant workers were at higher risk of exhibiting multidrug-resistant E. coli than non-swine workers. C1 [Alali, W. Q.; Scott, H. M.; Norby, B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Pillai, S. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Harvey, R. B.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Scott, HM (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, Mail Stop 4458, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM hmscott@cvm.tamu.edu NR 20 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 74 IS 12 BP 3672 EP 3681 DI 10.1128/AEM.02624-07 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 315SK UT WOS:000256899700008 PM 18424541 ER PT J AU Gorniak, SL Pfister, JA Lanzonia, EC Raspantini, ER AF Gorniak, Silvana Lima Pfister, James A. Lanzonia, Elaine Cristina Raspantini, Ester Rainert TI A note on averting goats to a toxic but palatable plant, Leucaena leucocephala SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE conditioned taste aversion; diet selection; poisonous plants ID AVERSIONS; CATTLE; PERSISTENCE; PREFERENCE; RUMINANTS; LARKSPUR; BEHAVIOR; SHEEP AB Conditioned taste aversions are a useful tool to reduce livestock consumption of toxic plants. The forage legume Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) is both toxic and palatable. The objective of this study was to determine if goats could be aversively conditioned to avoid leucaena. Adult and juvenile female goats, naive to leucaena, were divided into control and averted groups. Animals were exposed to leucaena, and time(s) spent eating leucaena was measured. During initial conditioning with lithium chloride (LiCl), averted goats spent less time eating leucaena (P < 0.05) than did controls. The averted groups maintained their reduced consumption (P < 0.05) of leucaena compared to controls during open field tests when goats could chose between leucaena and sugar cane. In final tests (two tests per week), averted goats reduced (P < 0.05) the amount of time they spent eating leucaena compared to control animals, but the aversion eventually extinguished. Aversive conditioning was successful in greatly reducing, but not entirely eliminating goats' consumption of leucaena. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gorniak, Silvana Lima; Lanzonia, Elaine Cristina; Raspantini, Ester Rainert] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Vet Med, Res Ctr Vet Toxicol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Pfister, James A.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT USA. RP Pfister, JA (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Vet Med, Res Ctr Vet Toxicol, Av Prof Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM jpfister@cc.usu.edu RI Gorniak, Silvana/C-7879-2013; Souza Ferreira, Maria/J-5108-2015 NR 13 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 111 IS 3-4 BP 396 EP 401 DI 10.1016/j.applanim.2007.06.005 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA 299YF UT WOS:000255790800016 ER PT J AU Udawatta, RP Kremer, RJ Adamson, BW Anderson, SH AF Udawatta, Ranjith P. Kremer, Robert J. Adamson, Brandon W. Anderson, Stephen H. TI Variations in soil aggregate stability and enzyme activities in a temperate agroforestry practice SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE corn-soybean rotation; grass buffer; grass waterways; nonpoint source pollution; total carbon; soil DNA ID BETA-GLUCOSAMINIDASE ACTIVITY; ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; CROPPING SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; PATTERNS; TILLAGE; BUFFER; COMPLEXITY; LANDSCAPE AB Agroforestry and grass buffers have been shown to improve soil properties and overall environmental quality. The objective of this study was to examine management and landscape effects on water stable soil aggregates (WSA), soil carbon, soil nitrogen, enzyme activity, and microbial community DNA content. Treatments were row crop (RC), grass buffer (GB), agroforestry buffer (AG), and grass waterways (GWW. A corn (Zea mays L.)soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation under no-till management was established in a watershed in northeast Missouri in 1991; grass buffers were implemented in 1997. Grass buffers, 4.5 In wide and 36.5 m apart, consisted of a mixture of redtop (Agrostis gigantea Roth), brome grass (Bromus spp.), and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) on contour within the watershed. Agroforestry buffers have pin oak (Quercus palustris Muenchh.) trees distributed down the center of the grass buffers on one half of the watershed. Soils were collected from two transects extending from the summit to lower landscape positions within the grass and agroforestry portions of the watershed in June 2006. Soil enzymes studied include: fluorescein diacetate hydrolase, beta-glucosidase, glucosaminidase, and dehydrogenase. Soil DNA content was determined as an alternative for microbial biomass. WSA was significantly different among treatments and landscape positions. WSA decreased from GWW > AG > GB > RC management treatments and also decreased from lower > middle > summit landscape positions. Soil carbon and nitrogen were highest for the GWW treatment and lowest for RC. The landscape position effect was significant for RC and AG treatments. Fluorescein diacetate, beta-glucosidase and glucosaminidase enzyme activities were significantly higher in buffers and GWW areas than RC areas. Dehydrogenase activity was different between grass (GB and GVM and crop areas. The landscape effect was insignificant for enzyme activity. Although soil DNA may be a good indicator of microbial biomass, it did not appear to differentiate among management systems as selectively as other microbial parameters. Results of the study show that establishment of AG, GB, and GWW increased WSA, soil carbon, soil nitrogen, and enzyme activity. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Udawatta, Ranjith P.; Adamson, Brandon W.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Udawatta, Ranjith P.; Anderson, Stephen H.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Udawatta, RP (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM UdawattaR@Missouri.edu NR 45 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 9 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 39 IS 2 BP 153 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.002 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 278TS UT WOS:000254309800005 ER PT J AU Loudermilk, JB Himmelsbach, DS Barton, FE de Haseth, JA AF Loudermilk, J. Brian Himmelsbach, David S. Barton, Franklin E., II de Haseth, James A. TI Novel search algorithms for a mid-infrared spectral library of cotton contaminants SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE spectral search system; search algorithm; voting scheme algorithm; spectral library; infrared; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; FT-IR spectroscopy; attenuated total reflection; ATR; chemometrics; cotton; contaminants ID INFRARED-SPECTRA; IDENTIFICATION; DATABASE; SYSTEM; TRASH; FILE AB During harvest, a variety of plant based contaminants are collected along with cotton lint. The USDA previously created a mid-infrared, attenuated total reflection (ATR), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectral library of cotton contaminants for contaminant identification as the contaminants have negative impacts on yarn quality. This library has shown impressive identification rates for extremely similar cellulose based contaminants in cases where the library was representative of the samples searched. When spectra of contaminant samples from crops grown in different geographic locations, seasons, and conditions and measured with a different spectrometer and accessories were searched, identification rates for standard search algorithms decreased significantly. Six standard algorithms were examined: dot product, correlation, sum of absolute values of differences, sum of the square root of the absolute values of differences, sum of absolute values of differences of derivatives, and sum of squared differences of derivatives. Four categories of contaminants derived from cotton plants were considered: leaf, stem, seed coat, and hull. Experiments revealed that the performance of the standard search algorithms depended upon the category of sample being searched and that different algorithms provided complementary information about sample identity. These results indicated that choosing a single standard algorithm to search the library was not possible. Three voting scheme algorithms based on result frequency, result rank, category frequency, or a combination of these factors for the results returned by the standard algorithms were developed and tested for their capability to overcome the unpredictability of the standard algorithms' performances. The group voting scheme search was based on the number of spectra from each category of samples represented in the library returned in the top ten results of the standard algorithms. This group algorithm was able to identify correctly as many test spectra as the best standard algorithm without relying on human choice to select a standard algorithm to perform the searches. C1 [de Haseth, James A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP de Haseth, JA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dehaseth@uga.edu NR 14 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 62 IS 6 BP 661 EP 670 DI 10.1366/000370208784657968 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 315IX UT WOS:000256873200016 PM 18559154 ER PT J AU Brunzelle, JS Jordan, DB McCaslin, DR Olczak, A Wawrzak, Z AF Brunzelle, Joseph S. Jordan, Douglas B. McCaslin, Darrell R. Olczak, Andrzej Wawrzak, Zdzislaw TI Structure of the two-subsite beta-D-xyloidase from Selenomonas ruminantium in complex with 1,3-bis [tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino] propane SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE glycoside hydrolase; GH43; alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase; structure-function; protein crystallography; sedimentation equilibrium ID D-XYLOSIDASE; ACTIVE-SITE; BINDING; FERMENTATION; SPECIFICITY; ISOFAGOMINE; INHIBITION; REFINEMENT; RESOLUTION; CONSTANTS AB The three-dimensional structure of the catalytically efficient beta-xylosidase from Selenomonas ruminantium in complex with competitive inhibitor 1,3-bis [tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino] propane (BTP) was determined by using X-ray crystallography (1.3 angstrom resolution). Most H bonds between inhibitor and protein occur within subsite-1, including one between the carboxyl group of E186 and an N group of BTP. The other N of BTP occupies SUbsite +1 near K99. E186 (pK(a) 7.2) serves as catalytic acid. The pH (6-10) profile for 1/K-i((BTP)) is bell-shaped with pKa's 6.8 and 7.8 on the acidic limb assigned to E186 and inhibitor groups and 9.6 on the basic limb assigned to inhibitor. Mutation K99A eliminates pK(a) 7.8, strongly suggesting that the BTP monocation binds to the dianionic enzyme D14(-)E186(-). A sedimentation equilibrium experiment estimates a K-d ([dimer](2)/[tetramer]) of 7 x 10(-9) M. Similar k(cat) and k(cat)/K-m values were determined when the tetramer/dimer ratio changes from 0.0028 to 26 suggesting that dimers and tetramers are equally active forms. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jordan, Douglas B.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Brunzelle, Joseph S.] NW Univ Ctr Synchrotron Res, Life Sci Collaborat Access Team, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Biol Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [McCaslin, Darrell R.] Univ Wisconsin, Biophys Instrumentat Facility, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Olczak, Andrzej] Tech Univ Lodz, Inst Gen & Ecol Chem, PL-90924 Lodz, Poland. [Wawrzak, Zdzislaw] Northwestern Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol & Cell Biol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Jordan, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM douglas.jordan@ars.usda.gov FU NCRR NIH HHS [S10 RR13790] NR 33 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 474 IS 1 BP 157 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.abb.2008.03.007 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 309KR UT WOS:000256459800019 PM 18374656 ER PT J AU Robbins, P Emery, M Rice, JL AF Robbins, Paul Emery, Marla Rice, Jennifer L. TI Gathering in Thoreau's backyard: nontimber forest product harvesting as practice SO AREA LA English DT Article DE New England; nontimber forest products; alternative economy; natural resource management; usufruct; land policy ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; MANAGEMENT; ECONOMY; TIMBER AB Understanding of the gathering of nontimber forest products (NTFPs) in woodlands has focused heavily on politics surrounding public lands and harvester communities. Yet forest gathering may be far more universal. This paper reports the results of a survey of residents in New England, querying whether people gather wild things and for what purposes. The results suggest that gathering in New England, and elsewhere in the developed world, is not restricted to a unique type of community or economy, but instead is a form of practice. Those analytical approaches to NTFPs that seek to produce 'alternatives' to the dominant economy may therefore ironically work to reinforce a capitalocentric view of daily life. C1 [Robbins, Paul; Rice, Jennifer L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geog & Reg Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Emery, Marla] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. RP Robbins, P (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Geog & Reg Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM robbins@email.arizona.edu OI Robbins, Paul/0000-0002-2818-4732 NR 71 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0004-0894 J9 AREA JI Area PD JUN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 2 BP 265 EP 277 DI 10.1111/j.1475-4762.2008.00794.x PG 13 WC Geography SC Geography GA 299JA UT WOS:000255750700013 ER PT J AU Darling, OHD Bragg, DC AF Darling, O. H. Doogie Bragg, Don C. TI The early mills, railroads, and logging camps of the Crossett Lumber Company SO ARKANSAS HISTORICAL QUARTERLY LA English DT Article C1 [Bragg, Don C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Monticello, AR USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARKANSAS HISTORICAL ASSOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA UNIV ARKANSAS, OLD MAIN 416 DEPT OF HISTORY, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 0004-1823 J9 ARKANSAS HIST QUART JI Ark. Hist. Q. PD SUM PY 2008 VL 67 IS 2 BP 107 EP 140 PG 34 WC History SC History GA 328OO UT WOS:000257807900001 ER PT J AU Robins, SJ Collins, D Nelson, JJ Bloomfield, HE Asztalos, BF AF Robins, Sander J. Collins, Dorothea Nelson, Jeanenne J. Bloomfield, Hanna E. Asztalos, Bela F. TI Cardiovascular events with increased lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol - The veterans affairs HDL intervention trial SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular events; lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2); inflammation; high-density lipoproteins; gemfibrozil ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; FACTOR-ACETYLHYDROLASE ACTIVITY; MIDDLE-AGED MEN; ARTERY-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; HUMAN-PLASMA; ISCHEMIC-STROKE; VA-HIT AB Objective-Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)), a proinflammatory enzyme that predominantly circulates with low-density lipoprotein (LDL), has been shown in general populations to predict cardiovascular (CV) events. We sought to determine whether increased Lp-PLA2 would also predict CV events in the absence of high LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), in a population with low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Methods and Results-Plasma Lp-PLA(2) activity was measured at baseline and after 6 months on-trial in 1451 men with low HDL-C (mean, 32 mg/dL) and low LDL-C (mean 110 mg/dL), randomized to either placebo or gemfibrozil therapy in the Veterans Affairs HDL Intervention Trial (VA-HIT). Over a quartile range of increasing Lp-PLA(2) there was a significant increase in LDL-C and decrease in HDL-C (P < 0.0001), and an increased percentage of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, or CHD death (P = 0.03 for trend). In Cox models, adjusted for major CV risk factors, a 1-SD increase in Lp-PLA(2) was associated with a significant increase in CV events (hazard ratio [HR] 1.17 95% CI 1.04 to 1.32). Although gemfibrozil reduced Lp-PLA(2) only modestly (6.6%), at higher levels of Lp-PLA(2) gemfibrozil produced a significant reduction in CV events. Conclusions-In VA-HIT, a population with low HDL-C and LDL-C, high Lp-PLA(2) independently predicted CV events that were reduced by gemfibrozil. C1 [Robins, Sander J.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Collins, Dorothea] VA Med Ctr Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating, West Haven, CT USA. [Nelson, Jeanenne J.] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Dept Worldwide Epidemiol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Bloomfield, Hanna E.] VA Med Ctr, Ctr Chron Dis Outcomes Res, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Asztalos, Bela F.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Lipid Metab Lab, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Robins, SJ (reprint author), Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, 73 Mt Wayte Ave, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. EM sjrobins@bu.edu OI bloomfield, hanna/0000-0002-0756-7064 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R03 HL069111] NR 30 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 28 IS 6 BP 1172 EP 1178 DI 10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160739 PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 303PS UT WOS:000256053400022 PM 18356553 ER PT J AU Ai, M Otokozawa, S Asztalos, BF White, CC Demissie-Banjaw, S Cupples, LA Nakajima, K Schaefer, EJ AF Ai, Masumi Otokozawa, Seiko Asztalos, Bela F. White, Charles C. Demissie-Banjaw, Serkalem Cupples, L. Adrienne Nakajima, Katsuyuki Schaefer, Ernst J. TI Small, dense, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in patients with coronary heart disease: Results from Framingham Offspring Study SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Annual Conference on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology CY APR 16-18, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA C1 [Ai, Masumi; Otokozawa, Seiko; Asztalos, Bela F.; Nakajima, Katsuyuki; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [White, Charles C.; Demissie-Banjaw, Serkalem; Cupples, L. Adrienne] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 28 IS 6 MA P134 BP E58 EP E58 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 303PS UT WOS:000256053400158 ER PT J AU Lecker, JL Matthan, NR Lichtenstein, AH AF Lecker, Jaime L. Matthan, Nirupa R. Lichtenstein, Alice H. TI Cholesterol status modulates mRNA and protein levels of genes associated with cholesterol metabolism SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Annual Conference on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology CY APR 16-18, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA C1 [Lecker, Jaime L.; Matthan, Nirupa R.; Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 28 IS 6 MA P559 BP E135 EP E135 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 303PS UT WOS:000256053400553 ER PT J AU Otokozawa, S Ai, M Asztalos, BF White, CC Demissie-Banjaw, S Cupples, A Tanaka, A Schaefer, EJ AF Otokozawa, Seiko Ai, Masumi Asztalos, Bela F. White, Charles C. Demissie-Banjaw, Serlalem Cupples, Adrienne Tanaka, Akira Schaefer, Ernst J. TI Remnant lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides levels in CHD: Results from the Framingham Offspring Study SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Annual Conference on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology CY APR 16-18, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA C1 [Otokozawa, Seiko; Ai, Masumi; Asztalos, Bela F.; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Jean Mayer USDA, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA USA. [White, Charles C.; Demissie-Banjaw, Serlalem; Cupples, Adrienne] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Tanaka, Akira] Kagawa Nutr Univ, Sakado, Saitama, Japan. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 28 IS 6 MA P346 BP E96 EP E96 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 303PS UT WOS:000256053400357 ER PT J AU Lugo, AE AF Lugo, A. E. TI Visible and invisible effects of hurricanes on forest ecosystems: an international review SO AUSTRAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE hurricane effects; typhoon effects; cyclone effects; Luquillo Experimental Forest ID LUQUILLO-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; SUBTROPICAL WET FOREST; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; BISLEY EXPERIMENTAL WATERSHEDS; TREE SPECIES-DIVERSITY; STATES VIRGIN-ISLANDS; FINE-ROOT DYNAMICS; LAND-USE HISTORY; PUERTO-RICO; BIRD POPULATIONS AB Hurricanes have visible and invisible effects on forests. The visible effects are dramatic, noticeable over the short-term and relatively well documented in the literature. Invisible effects are less understood as they require well-focused research both in the short- and long-term time scales. This review of the literature on hurricane effects focuses on the Neotropics and the temperate zone of North America. The material is organized according to a heuristic model that distinguishes between immediate effects (0 to 3 years), immediate responses (0 to 20 years), trajectories of responses (0 to 100 years) and long-term legacies (> 100 years). It is suggested that the ecological role of hurricanes involves six principal effects: 1. they change the ecological space available to organisms; 2. they set organisms in motion; 3. they increase the heterogeneity of the landscape and the variability in ecosystem processes; 4. they rejuvenate the landscape and its ecosystems and redirect succession; 5. they shape forest structure, influence their species composition and diversity and regulate their function; and 6. they induce evolutionary change through natural selection and ecological creativity through self-organization. A new approach to hurricane research will study hurricanes at the same scale at which they operate (i.e., across latitudes and longitudes and over disturbed and undisturbed landscapes). This research will require networks of observation platforms located along expected hurricane paths to facilitate forest structure and functioning observations across gradients of hurricane frequency and intensity. This research will also require use of remote sensing and automated wireless technology, hardened to survive hurricane-strength winds and floods to assure real time measurements of the characteristics of hurricanes and ecosystem responses. No progress will be forthcoming in the understanding of hurricane effects if we do not learn to quantify objectively the energy dissipation of hurricanes on the full grid of affected forests as the hurricane passes over a landscape. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. RP Lugo, AE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, 1201 Calle Ceiba, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. EM alugo@fs.fed.us NR 189 TC 103 Z9 106 U1 5 U2 57 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1442-9985 J9 AUSTRAL ECOL JI Austral Ecol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 33 IS 4 BP 368 EP 398 DI 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2008.01894.x PG 31 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 297US UT WOS:000255643500002 ER PT J AU Gao, HL Xu, H Wang, X Dahlstrom, A Huang, LP Wang, ZY AF Gao, Hui-Ling Xu, He Wang, Xin Dahlstrom, Annica Huang, Liping Wang, Zhan-You TI Expression of zinc transporter ZnT7 in mouse superior cervical ganglion SO AUTONOMIC NEUROSCIENCE-BASIC & CLINICAL LA English DT Article DE superior cervical ganglion; zinc transporter; Golgi apparatus; immunohistochemistry; mouse ID ENRICHED ZEN TERMINALS; HIPPOCAMPAL SLICES; GOLGI-APPARATUS; SPINAL-CORD; BRAIN; LOCALIZATION; NEURONS; CELLS; RELEASE; FAMILY AB The superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons contain a considerable amount of zinc ions, but little is known about the zinc homeostasis in the SCG. It is known that zinc transporter 7 (ZnT7, Slc30a7), a member of the Slc30 ZnT family, is involved in mobilizing zinc ions from the cytoplasm into the Golgi apparatus. In the present study, we examined the expression and localization of ZnT7 and labile zinc ions in the mouse SCG using immunohistochemistry, Western blot and in vivo zinc selenium autometallography (AMG). Our immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the ZnT7 immunoreactivity in the SCG neurons was predominately present in the perinuclear region of the neurons, suggesting an affiliation to the Golgi apparatus. The Western blot results verified that ZnT7 protein was expressed in the mouse SCGs. The AMG reaction product was shown to have a similar distribution as ZnT7 immunoreactivity. These observations support the notion that ZnT7 may participate in zinc transport, storage, and incorporation of zinc into zinc-binding proteins in the Golgi apparatus of mouse SCG neurons. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Hui-Ling; Xu, He; Wang, Xin; Wang, Zhan-You] China Med Univ, Dept Histol & Embryol, Shenyang 110001, Peoples R China. [Dahlstrom, Annica] Gothenburg Univ, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Huang, Liping] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr,Nutr & Rowe Program Ge, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Wang, ZY (reprint author), China Med Univ, Dept Histol & Embryol, Shenyang 110001, Peoples R China. EM wangzy@mail.cmu.edu.cn NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0702 J9 AUTON NEUROSCI-BASIC JI Auton. Neurosci-Basic Clin. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 59 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.autneu.2008.04.002 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 324OK UT WOS:000257527700008 PM 18499530 ER PT J AU Gimeno, IM Cortes, AL Silva, RF AF Gimeno, Isabel M. Cortes, Aneg L. Silva, R. F. TI Load of Challenge Marek's Disease Virus DNA in Blood as a Criterion for Early Diagnosis of Marek's Disease Tumors SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Marek's disease; vaccination; control; protection; monitoring ID VACCINATED CHICKENS; HERPESVIRUS; FEATHER; LYMPHOCYTES; INFECTION; TURKEYS; SAMPLES; PCR AB Outbreaks of Marek's disease (MD) in vaccinated flocks still occur sporadically and lead to economic losses. Unfortunately, adequate methods to predict MD outbreaks are lacking. In the present study, we have evaluated whether high load of challenge MD virus (MDV) DNA in peripheral blood could aid in the early diagnosis of MD and in monitoring efficacy of vaccines against MD. One experiment was conducted to simulate field conditions by combining various vaccines (turkey herpesvirus [HVT] and HVT + MDV serotype 2 [SB1]) and challenge viruses (GA, Md5, and 648A). Vaccine efficacy among our experimental groups ranged from 13.3% to 94.2%. Each chicken was sampled three times during the length of the experiment (3, 5, and 15 wk postchallenge [wpc]), and gross lesions were evaluated in chickens that died and at termination of the experiment. DNA was extracted from whole blood and buffy coats from each sample, and the load of challenge MDV DNA and HVT DNA were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Chickens that developed MD by the end of the experiment had higher load of challenge MDV DNA (threshold cycle [Ct] glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [GAPDH]/Ct glycoprotein B [gB] ratios of 1.0, 1.04, and 1.05 at 3, 5, and 15 wpc, respectively) than those that did not develop MD (Ct GAPDH/Ct gB ratios of 0.7, 0.69, and 0.46 at 3, 5, and 15 wpc, respectively). However, load of HVT DNA in blood was not correlated with the development of tumors (Ct GAPDH/Ct HVT ratios from 0.04 to 0.10 in both groups). Vaccinated groups with >75% protection had statistically significant less challenge DNA virus (Ct GAPDH/Ct gB ratios of 0.76, 0.70, and 0.45 at 3, 5, and 15 wpc, respectively) than less protected groups (Ct GAPDH/Ct gB ratios of 0.92, 0.97, and 0.85 at 3, 5, and 15 wpc, respectively). No differences in the load of HVT DNA could be found between protected and nonprotected groups at any time point of the study (Ct GAPDH/Ct HVT from 0.05 to 0.09 in both groups). Our results showed that load of challenge MDV DNA but not load of HVT DNA in blood can be used as criterion for early diagnosis of MD. C1 [Gimeno, Isabel M.; Cortes, Aneg L.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Populat Hlth & Pathobiol Dept, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Gimeno, Isabel M.; Silva, R. F.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Gimeno, IM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Populat Hlth & Pathobiol Dept, 4700 Hillsborough St, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM isabel_gimeno@ncsu.edu NR 20 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 203 EP 208 DI 10.1637/8089-081407-Reg.1 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NI UT WOS:000260907900002 PM 18646447 ER PT J AU Cheeseman, JH Levy, NA Kaiser, P Lillehoj, HS Lamont, SJ AF Cheeseman, Jennifer H. Levy, Nyssa A. Kaiser, Pete Lillehoj, Hyun S. Lamont, Susan J. TI Salmonella Enteritidis-Induced Alteration of Inflammatory CXCL Chemokine Messenger-RNA Expression and Histologic Changes in the Ceca of Infected Chicks SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE bacterial infection; chemokines; cytokines; monocytes/macrophages ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; UNITED-STATES; GENETICALLY RESISTANT; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CYTOKINE EXPRESSION; ANGIOGENIC FACTOR; AVIAN CELLS; APOPTOSIS; RESPONSES; INVASION AB To understand better the events in early avian host immune responses to Salmonella Enteritidis (SE), we examined messenger-RNA (mRNA) expression for eight genes: CXCLi1[K60], CXCLi2 [IL-8/CAF], interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-12 alpha, IL-12 beta, and gallinacin (Gal)-2 in the ceca of young chicks 1 wk postinoculation with SE. Cecum tissue sections were stained and evaluated for the presence of macrophages, lymphocytes, heterophils, and apoptotic cells following SE infection. With the use of quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), SE infection was associated with a significant (P<0.01) upregulation of cecal CXCLi1 and CXCLi2 mRNA expression. Infection with SE was also associated (P<0.05) with increased staining for macrophages and decreased apoptosis (single-stranded DNA [ssDNA]) in cecal tissue sections when these sections were compared with those of uninfected animals. Changes in chemokine expression and cell population dynamics are a direct result of SE infection, as uninfected animals do not show these alterations. Thus, these SE-induced changes reflect the host immune response to SE in young chickens. C1 [Cheeseman, Jennifer H.; Levy, Nyssa A.; Lamont, Susan J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kaiser, Pete] Inst Anim Hlth, Compton RG20 7NN, Berks, England. [Lillehoj, Hyun S.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, E Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lamont, SJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM sjlamont@iastate.edu NR 44 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 229 EP 234 DI 10.1637/8156-102307-Reg.1 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NI UT WOS:000260907900006 PM 18646451 ER PT J AU Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Day, JM Jackwood, MW Spackman, E AF Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Day, J. Michael Jackwood, Mark W. Spackman, Erica TI Enteric Viruses Detected by Molecular Methods in Commercial Chicken and Turkey Flocks in the United States Between 2005 and 2006 SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian adenovirus; avian astrovirus; avian nephritis virus; avian rotavirus; avian reovirus; enteric virus; avian coronavirus; phylogenetic analysis ID AVIAN NEPHRITIS VIRUS; INFECTIOUS-BRONCHITIS VIRUS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; SMALL ROUND VIRUS; GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS; POULT ENTERITIS; MORTALITY SYNDROME; BROILER CHICKS; RT-PCR; ASTROVIRUSES AB Intestinal samples collected from 43 commercial broiler and 33 commercial turkey flocks from all regions of the United States during 2005 and 2006 were examined for the presence of astrovirus, rotavirus, reovirus, and coronavirus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and for the presence of groups 1 and 2 adenovirus by PCR. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to further characterize the viruses and to evaluate species association and geographic patterns. Astroviruses were identified in samples from 86% of the chicken flocks and from 100% of the turkey flocks. Both chicken astrovirus and avian nephritis virus (ANV) were identified in chicken samples, and often both viruses were detected in the same flock. Turkey astrovirus type-2 and turkey astrovirus type-1 were found in 100% and 15.4% of the turkey flocks, respectively. In addition, 12.5% of turkey flocks were positive for ANV. Rotaviruses were present in 46.5% of the chicken flocks tested and in 69.7% of the turkey flocks tested. Based upon the rotavirus NSP4 gene sequence, the chicken and turkey origin rotaviruses assorted in a species-specific manner. The turkey origin rotaviruses also assorted based upon geographical location. Reoviruses were identified in 62.8% and 45.5% of chicken and turkey flocks, respectively. Based on the reovirus S4 gene segment, the chicken and turkey origin viruses assorted separately, and they were distinct from all previously reported avian reoviruses. Coronaviruses were detected in the intestinal contents of chickens, but not turkeys. Adenoviruses were not detected in any chicken or turkeys flocks. Of the 76 total chicken and turkey flocks tested, only three chicken flocks were negative for all viruses targeted by this study. Most flocks were positive for two or more of the viruses, and overall no clear pattern of virus geographic distribution was evident. This study provides updated enteric virus prevalence data for the United States using molecular methods, and it reinforces that enteric viruses are widespread in poultry throughout the United States, although the clinical importance of most of these viruses remains unclear. C1 [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.; Day, J. Michael; Spackman, Erica] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Jackwood, Mark W.] Univ Georgia, Dept Populat Hlth, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30677 USA. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM erica.spackman@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS [6612-32000-020] FX We gratefully acknowledge industry partners who made this work possible. We also thank Diane Smith, Scott Lee, Rebecca Hammer, Chris Stephens, Debbie Hilt, and the SAA sequencing facility for technical assistance with this work. The work was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS project 6612-32000-020. NR 51 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 235 EP 244 DI 10.1637/8174-111507-Reg.1 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NI UT WOS:000260907900007 PM 18646452 ER PT J AU Perozo, F Villegas, P Estevez, C Alvarado, IR Purvis, LB Saume, E AF Perozo, F. Villegas, P. Estevez, C. Alvarado, I. R. Purvis, L. B. Saume, E. TI Avian Adeno-Associated Virus-Based Expression of Newcastle Disease Virus Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Protein for Poultry Vaccination SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian adeno-associated virus; Newcastle disease; recombinant; protection ID FOWLPOX VIRUS; CELL-FUSION; RECOMBINANT; GENE; GENERATION; CHALLENGE; PARTICLES; CHICKENS; VECTORS; IDENTIFICATION AB The avian adeno-associated virus (AAAV) is a replication-defective nonpathogenic virus member of the family Parvoviridae that has been proved to be useful as a viral vector for gene delivery. The use of AAAV for transgenic expression of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein and its ability to induce immunity in chickens were assessed. Proposed advantages of this system include no interference with maternal antibodies, diminished immune response against the vector, and the ability to accommodate large fragments of genetic information. In this work the generation of recombinant AAAV virions expressing the HN protein (rAAAV-HN) was demonstrated by electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry, and western blot analysis. Serological evidence of HN protein expression after in ovo or intramuscular inoculation of the recombinant virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens was obtained. Serum from rAAAV-HN-vaccinated birds showed a systemic immune response evidenced by NDV-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and hemagglutination inhibition testing. Positive virus neutralization in embryonated chicken eggs and indirect immunofluorescence detection of NDV infected cells by serum from rAAAV-HN vaccinated birds is also reported. A vaccine-challenge experiment in commercial broiler chickens using a Venezuelan virulent viscerotropic strain of NDV was performed. All unvaccinated controls died within 5 days postchallenge. Protection up to 80% was observed in birds vaccinated in ovo and revaccinated at 7 days of age with the rAAAV-HN. The results demonstrate the feasibility of developing and using an AAAV-based gene delivery system for poultry vaccination. C1 [Perozo, F.; Villegas, P.; Alvarado, I. R.; Purvis, L. B.] Univ Georgia, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Estevez, C.] USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Saume, E.] Inst Nacl Invest Agr, Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela. RP Villegas, P (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM pedrov@uga.edu NR 33 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 253 EP 259 DI 10.1637/8123-100207-Reg.1 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NI UT WOS:000260907900009 PM 18646454 ER PT J AU Liljebjelke, KA King, DJ Kapczynski, DR AF Liljebjelke, K. A. King, D. J. Kapczynski, D. R. TI Determination of Minimum Hemagglutinin Units in an Inactivated Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine for Clinical Protection of Chickens from Exotic Newcastle Disease Virus Challenge SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE exotic Newcastle disease virus; inactivated vaccines; chickens; vaccine potency ID EFFICACY AB The potency of inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines in the United States is currently determined using vaccination and challenge of experimental animals against a velogenic strain of NDV. Because velogenic strains of NDV are now classified as select agents in the United States, all vaccine potency testing must be performed in live animals under biosafety level 3 agriculture conditions. If the minimum amount of inactivated viral antigen required for clinical protection can be determined using other methods, vaccines meeting these criteria might be considered of adequate potency. The linearity of correlation between the hemagglutination ( HA) assay measurement and the 50% embryo infectious dose titer of NDV Hitchner B-1 vaccine virus was determined. Correlation between hemagglutinin units (HAU) per vaccine dose, clinical protection, and antibody response was then determined using a vaccinate-and-challenge model similar to Chapter 9 of the U. S. code of federal regulations approved method for vaccine potency testing. The dose providing 50% protection of an in-house water-in-oil emulsion vaccine formulated with inactivated NDV B-1 was determined to be between 400 and 600 HAU from two separate trials. A positive correlation (R-2 = 0.97) was observed between antibody response and HAU per vaccine dose. Serum antibody responses from vaccinated birds indicate HA inhibition titers >2(5) log(2) would provide 100% protection from morbidity and mortality and require a minimum protective dose of 1000 HAU per bird. These are the first studies to examine establishing both a minimum protective HAU content for inactivated ND vaccines and a minimum serologic response necessary to ensure potency. C1 [Liljebjelke, K. A.; King, D. J.; Kapczynski, D. R.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Kapczynski, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM darrell.kapczynski@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 260 EP 268 DI 10.1637/8154-101907-Reg.1 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NI UT WOS:000260907900010 PM 18646455 ER PT J AU Branton, SL Leigh, SA Roush, WB Purswell, JL Olanrewaju, HA Collier, SD AF Branton, S. L. Leigh, S. A. Roush, W. B. Purswell, J. L. Olanrewaju, H. A. Collier, S. D. TI Effect of Selected Water Temperatures Used in Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccine Reconstitution on Titer at Selected Time Intervals SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE chicken; layers; mycoplasma; poultry; vaccination; reconstitution ID LAYER CHICKENS; F-STRAIN AB Numerous methods are currently used throughout the poultry industry for the administration of vaccines. Each utilizes water for vaccine reconstitution and/or administration, including two of the three commercially available live Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) vaccines. Selected water temperatures were used to reconstitute and/or dilute the three commercially available live MG vaccines. Water temperatures included 4 C, 22 C (room temperature), and 32 C, and titer (color change units) was recorded at four time intervals, at point of reconstitution (time 0), 15, 30, and 60 min postreconstitution of the vaccines (time periods 15, 30, and 60, respectively). Results for F strain MG (FMG) vaccine showed significant decreases in titer from time 0 to time 15 for the 22 C and 32 C water temperatures but no significant decrease for any time period for FMG reconstituted with 4 C water. For 6/85 strain MG no significant difference in titer was noted for any of four time periods within any of the three water temperatures. For ts-11 strain MG a significant decrease was observed in titer at each of the four postdilution time periods when diluted with 32 C water. There was no significant decrease in titer at any time period for ts-11 MG vaccine when diluted with either 4 C or 22 C water. C1 [Branton, S. L.; Leigh, S. A.; Roush, W. B.; Purswell, J. L.; Olanrewaju, H. A.; Collier, S. D.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Branton, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM scott.branton@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 291 EP 296 DI 10.1637/8170-110607-Reg.1 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NI UT WOS:000260907900014 PM 18646459 ER PT J AU Hong, YH Lillehoj, HS Siragusa, GR Bannerman, DD Lillehoj, EP AF Hong, Yeong H. Lillehoj, Hyun S. Siragusa, Gregory R. Bannerman, Douglas D. Lillehoj, Erik P. TI Antimicrobial Activity of Chicken NK-Lysin Against Eimeria Sporozoites SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE NK-lysin; antimicrobial activity; Eimeria; sporozoites ID GRANULYSIN; PEPTIDE; LYMPHOCYTES; CELLS; ENDOTOXIN AB NK-lysin is an antimicrobial and antitumor polypeptide that is considered to play an important role in innate immunity. Chicken NK-lysin is a member of the saposin-like protein family and exhibits potent antitumor cell activity. To evaluate the antimicrobial properties of chicken NK-lysin, we examined its ability to reduce the viability of various bacterial strains and two species of Eimeria parasites. Culture supernatants from COS7 cells transfected with a chicken NK-lysin cDNA and His-tagged purified NK-lysin from the transfected cells both showed high cytotoxic activity against Eimeria acervulina and Eimeria maxima sporozoites. In contrast, no bactericidal activity was observed. Further studies using synthetic peptides derived from NK-lysin may be useful for pharmaceutical and agricultural uses in the food animal industry. C1 [Hong, Yeong H.; Lillehoj, Hyun S.] USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Siragusa, Gregory R.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Bannerman, Douglas D.] USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1043,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM hlilleho@anri.barc.usda.gov NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 302 EP 305 DI 10.1637/8083-072307-ResNote.1 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NI UT WOS:000260907900016 PM 18646461 ER PT J AU Perozo, F Villegas, P Estevez, C Alvarado, IR Purvis, LB Williams, S AF Perozo, F. Villegas, P. Estevez, C. Alvarado, I. R. Purvis, L. B. Williams, S. TI Protection Against Infectious Bursal Disease Virulent Challenge Conferred by a Recombinant Avian Adeno-Associated Virus Vaccine SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian adeno-associated virus; vaccination; protection; infectious bursa disease ID EXPRESSING VP2; IBDV; INTERMEDIATE; IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS; CHICKENS; PROTEIN; VECTOR; RNA AB The development and use of recombinant vaccine vectors for the expression of poultry pathogens proteins is an active research field. The adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a replication-defective virus member of the family Parvoviridae that has been successfully used for gene delivery in humans and other species. In this experiment, an avian adeno-associated virus (AAAV) expressing the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) VP2 protein (rAAAV-VP2) was evaluated for protection against IBDV-virulent challenge. Specific pathogen free (SPF) birds were inoculated with rAAAV-VP2 or with a commercial intermediate IBDV vaccine and then challenged with the Edgar strain. IBDV-specific antibody levels were observed in all vaccinated groups; titers were higher for the commercial vaccine group. The live, commercial vaccine induced adequate protection against morbidity and mortality; nevertheless, initial lymphoid depletion and follicular atrophy related to active viral replication was observed as early as day 14 and persisted up to day 28, when birds were challenged. No bursal tissue damage due to rAAAV-VP2 vaccination was observed. Eight-out-of-ten rAAAV-VP2-vaccinated birds survived the challenge and showed no clinical signs. The bursa: body weight ratio and bursa lesion scores in the rAAAV-VP2 group indicated protection against challenge. Therefore, transgenic expression of the VP2 protein after rAAAV-VP2 vaccination induced protective immunity against IBDV challenge in 80% of the birds, without compromising the bursa of Fabricius. The use of rAAAV virions for gene delivery represents a novel approach to poultry vaccination. C1 [Perozo, F.; Villegas, P.; Alvarado, I. R.; Purvis, L. B.; Williams, S.] Univ Georgia, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Estevez, C.] USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Villegas, P (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM pedrov@uga.edu NR 23 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 315 EP 319 DI 10.1637/8122-100207-ResNote.1 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 372NI UT WOS:000260907900018 PM 18646463 ER PT J AU Dillard, LO Russell, KR Ford, WM AF Dillard, Lester O. Russell, Kevin R. Ford, W. Mark TI Site-level habitat models for the endemic, threatened Cheat Mountain salamander (Plethodon nettingi): the importance of geophysical and biotic attributes for predicting occurrence SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE abiotic habitat; Cheat Mountain salamander; endangered species; information theory; occupancy models; Plethodon nettingi ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN SALAMANDERS; TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; WEST-VIRGINIA; TORRENT SALAMANDERS; REDBACK SALAMANDERS; MANAGED FORESTS; SOIL ACIDITY; ABUNDANCE; CINEREUS; AMPHIBIANS AB The federally threatened Cheat Mountain salamander (Plethodon nettingi; hereafter CMS) is known to occur in approximately 70 small, scattered populations in the Allegheny Mountains of eastern West Virginia, USA. Current conservation and management efforts on federal, state, and private lands involving CMS largely rely on small scale, largely descriptive studies of habitat associations from a few sample sites. To address the critical need for quantitative data, we used an information-theoretic approach to elucidate site-level habitat relationships of CMS relative to a suite of biotic and abiotic habitat variables measured across the species' range. We collected data on 18 explanatory habitat variables at CMS-occupied (n = 67) and random (n = 37) sites in the summer of 2006 and examined CMS habitat relationships using a priori, logistic regression models with information-theoretic model selection. Overall, results indicated that the probability of CMS occurrence at a fine spatial scale increased in areas with shallower depth to rock, areas proximal to rocky outcrops but distal to seeps, areas with higher densities of bryophytes, and areas with high densities of red spruce (Picea rubens) and eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis). Within the Allegheny Mountains, associations between CMS and abiotic habitat features appear to be important predictors of site-level occurrence, although vegetation associations interact to form more precise habitat relationships within forested landscapes. The information gained from our study should increase the capacity of managers to plan for the continued persistence and conservation of Cheat Mountain salamanders in this landscape. C1 [Dillard, Lester O.; Russell, Kevin R.] Univ Wisconsin Stevens Point, Coll Nat Resources, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Ford, W. Mark] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Dillard, LO (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Biol, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM ldillard@mail.ucf.edu NR 79 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1475 EP 1492 DI 10.1007/s10531-008-9356-x PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 313QD UT WOS:000256754200012 ER PT J AU Tew, TL Cobill, RM Richard, EP AF Tew, Thomas L. Cobill, Robert M. Richard, Edward P., Jr. TI Evaluation of Sweet Sorghum and Sorghum x Sudangrass Hybrids as Feedstocks for Ethanol Production SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bioenergy; Complementary crop; Days-after-planting; Sugarcane; Saccharum spp; Sorghum bicolor AB Field studies were conducted at the USDA-ARS Sugarcane Research Laboratory in southeast Louisiana to evaluate the ethanol yield potential of five sweet sorghums (Dale, M81-E, Rio, Theis, and Topper) and two non-flowering sorghum x sudangrass forage hybrids (MMR 333/27 and MMR 333/47). The sorghums were planted in the spring and harvested at 85, 101, 119, and 138 days after planting (DAP). Theoretical sugar-based ethanol yield increased for the sweet sorghums (except Rio) from 85 through 119 days, but did not significantly increase further at 138 days. The forage sorghums did not show a similar increase, though the theoretical sugar-based ethanol yield of MMR 333/47 at 138 DAP was greater than at 85 DAP. Conversely, theoretical fiber-based ethanol yields increased two-fold in the two forage sorghums from 85 to 138 DAP; a significant increase in fiber-based ethanol yield was not observed in any of the sweet sorghums over the same period. At 138 DAP, sugar-based ethanol yield of Theis (6,060 L ha(-1)), was greater than that of Rio or either of the two forage hybrids. Fiber-based ethanol yield of MMR 333/47 (8,860 L ha(-1)) was greater than that of any other variety in the test. Theoretical ethanol yield from hexose sugar and fiber components averaged across varieties was 6,500, 7,720, 9,100, and 10,810 L ha(-1) at 85, 101, 119 and 138 DAP, respectively. As a complementary crop for Louisiana's sugarcane growers, sorghum would need to be harvested not later than 120 DAP so as to not interfere with the planting of sugarcane in these fields. Both Theis and MMR 333/47 produced greater than 11,000 L ha(-1) combined theoretical ethanol at 119 DAP, Theis, equally from sugar and fiber, MMR 333/47 about two-thirds from fiber. Choice of sorghum type would depend on the conversion process(s) being used at the biorefinery. C1 [Tew, Thomas L.; Cobill, Robert M.; Richard, Edward P., Jr.] Agr Res Serv, Sugarcane Res Lab, USDA, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP Tew, TL (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Sugarcane Res Lab, USDA, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM thomas.tew@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 2 BP 147 EP 152 DI 10.1007/s12155-008-9013-y PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V12CB UT WOS:000207576200005 ER PT J AU Muths, E Pilliod, DS Livo, LJ AF Muths, Erin Pilliod, David S. Livo, Lauren J. TI Distribution and environmental limitations of an amphibian pathogen in the Rocky Mountains, USA SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE amphibian decline; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; boreal toad; climate change; Rocky Mountains; temperature ID FUNGUS BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; TOADS BUFO-BOREAS; POPULATION DECLINES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; WIDESPREAD; BIODIVERSITY; TEMPERATURE AB Amphibian populations continue to be imperiled by the chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis). Understanding where B. dendrobatidis (Bd) occurs and how it may be limited by environmental factors is critical to our ability to effectively conserve the amphibians affected by Bd. We sampled 1247 amphibians (boreal toads and surrogates) at 261 boreal toad (Bufo boreas) breeding sites (97 clusters) along an ill latitudinal gradient in the Rocky Mountains to determine the distribution of B. dendrobatidis and examine environmental factors, such as temperature and elevation, that might affect its distribution. The fungus was detected at 64% of all clusters and occurred across a range of elevations (10303550 m) and latitudes (37.6-48.6 degrees) but we detected it in only 42% of clusters in the south (site elevations higher), compared to 84% of clusters in the north (site elevations lower). Maximum ambient temperature (daily high) explained much of the variation in Bd occurrence in boreal toad populations and thus perhaps limits the occurrence of the pathogen in the Rocky Mountains to areas where climatic conditions facilitate optimal growth of the fungus. This information has implications in global climate change scenarios where warming temperatures may facilitate the spread of disease into previously un- or little-affected areas (i.e., higher elevations). This study provides the first regional-level, field-based effort to examine the relationship of environmental and geographic factors to the distribution of B. dendrobatidis in North America and will assist managers to focus on at-risk populations as determined by the local temperature regimes, latitude and elevation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Muths, Erin] USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Pilliod, David S.] USDA, Forest Serv Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Livo, Lauren J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Physiol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Muths, E (reprint author), USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM erin_muths@usgs.gov; dpilliod@usgs.gov; Livo@Colorado.edu OI Pilliod, David/0000-0003-4207-3518 NR 63 TC 55 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 141 IS 6 BP 1484 EP 1492 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2008.03.011 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324RQ UT WOS:000257536100005 ER PT J AU Polasky, S Nelson, E Camm, J Csuti, B Fackler, P Lonsdorf, E Montgomery, C White, D Arthur, J Garber-Yonts, B Haight, R Kagan, J Starfield, A Tobalske, C AF Polasky, Stephen Nelson, Erik Camm, Jeff Csuti, Blair Fackler, Paul Lonsdorf, Eric Montgomery, Claire White, Denis Arthur, Jeff Garber-Yonts, Brian Haight, Robert Kagan, Jimmy Starfield, Anthony Tobalske, Claudine TI Where to put things? Spatial land management to sustain biodiversity and economic returns SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE conservation planning; efficiency frontier; land use; tradeoffs; terrestrial vertebrates; survival probability ID MULTIPLE-USE LANDSCAPES; RESERVE SITE SELECTION; COUNTRYSIDE BIOGEOGRAPHY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; INTEGRATING COSTS; CONSERVATION; FOREST; OREGON; TIMBER; ALGORITHMS AB Expanding human population and economic growth have led to large-scale conversion of natural habitat to human-dominated landscapes with consequent large-scale declines in biodiversity. Conserving biodiversity, while at the same time meeting expanding human needs, is an issue of utmost importance. In this paper we develop a spatially explicit landscape-level model for analyzing the biological and economic consequences of alternative land-use patterns. The spatially explicit biological model incorporates habitat preferences, area requirements and dispersal ability between habitat patches for terrestrial vertebrate species to predict the likely number of species that will be sustained on the landscape. The spatially explicit economic model incorporates site characteristics and location to predict economic returns for a variety of potential land uses. We apply the model to search for efficient land-use patterns that maximize biodiversity conservation objectives for given levels of economic returns, and vice versa. We apply the model to the Willamette Basin, Oregon, USA. By thinking carefully about the arrangement of activities, we find land-use patterns that sustain high levels of biodiversity and economic returns. Compared to the 1990 land-use pattern, we show that both biodiversity conservation and the value of economic activity could be increased substantially. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Polasky, Stephen] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Polasky, Stephen; Starfield, Anthony] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Camm, Jeff] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Qualitat Anal & Operat Management, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Fackler, Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lonsdorf, Eric] Conservat & Sci Dept, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Montgomery, Claire] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [White, Denis] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Arthur, Jeff] Oregon State Univ, Dept Stat, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Garber-Yonts, Brian] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Haight, Robert] USDA, US Forest Serv, N Cent Forest Expt Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kagan, Jimmy; Tobalske, Claudine] Oregon Nat Heritage Informat Ctr, Portland, OR 97214 USA. [Nelson, Erik] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nat Capital Project, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Polasky, S (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, 1994 Buford Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM polasky@umn.edu; nels1069@umn.edu; jeff.camm@uc.edu; csutiblair@aol.com; paul_fackler@ncsu.edu; ericlonsdorf@lpzoo.org; claire.montgomery@oregonstate.edu; White.Denis@epamail.epa.gov; arthur@stat.orst.edu; brian.garber-yonts@noaa.gov; rhaight@fs.fed.us; jimmy.kagan@oregonstate.edu; starf001@umn.edu; claudine.tobalske@oregonstate.edu OI Nelson, Erik/0000-0002-7291-5192 NR 100 TC 242 Z9 247 U1 11 U2 115 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 141 IS 6 BP 1505 EP 1524 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2008.03.022 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324RQ UT WOS:000257536100007 ER PT J AU Madeira, PT Pemberton, RW Center, TD AF Madeira, Paul T. Pemberton, Robert W. Center, Ted D. TI A molecular phylogeny of the genus Lygodium (Schizaeaceae) with special reference to the biological control and host range testing-of Lygodium microphyllum SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Lygodium microphyllum; Lygodium palmatum; Neomusotima conspurcatalis; Austromusotima camptozonale; Floracarus perrepae; Neostromboceros albicomus; ancestral host usage; biocontrol; host range; host shift; molecular phylogeny ID MULTIPLE-SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; WORLD CLIMBING FERN; INVASIVE WEED; LEPIDOPTERA; LYGODIACEAE; SOROPHORES; AUSTRALIA; EVOLUTION; CRAMBIDAE; SELECTION AB Lygodium microphyllum, first naturalized in the 1960s, has aggressively invaded forest-dominated wetlands in southern and central Florida. The indeterminate growth of this invasive climbing fern creates thick rachis mats which climb over shrubs and trees smothering the underlying growth and carrying ground fires into the forest canopy. Foreign surveys for natural enemies identified 20 species of insects and two species of mites. Host range testing of three insect species and one mite included five Lygodium species (L. palmatum, L. volubile, L. cubense, L. venustum, and L. oligostachyum) native to the United States and the West Indies. A molecular phylogeny of the genus was conducted using the trnL intron and the trnL-F intergenic spacer of chloroplast DNA to determine the relationship of L. microphyllum to other Lygodium species. Three major clades appeared, one with L. palmatum and L. articulatum (the most basal), a second with L. reticulatum and L. microphyllum, and a third comprising the other species examined. Lygodium microphyllum appeared at the end of a long branch approximately equidistant from all species of interest preventing the correlation of genetic distance and host range behavior. However, inspection of the results of host range experiments showed a relationship between the presence of a related biotype or species of the insect on a related alternate host and the ability of that insect to develop on that alternate host. Ancestral host usage and ecological fitting are examined as possible explanations for the acceptance of L. palmatum by the tested musotimine insects. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Madeira, Paul T.; Pemberton, Robert W.; Center, Ted D.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Madeira, PT (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM paul.madeira@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JUN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 3 BP 308 EP 318 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.02.004 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 314QJ UT WOS:000256823600004 ER PT J AU Grieshop, MJ Flinn, PW Nechols, JR Campbell, JF AF Grieshop, Matthew J. Flinn, Paul W. Nechols, James R. Campbell, James F. TI Effects of fine-grain habitat complexity on egg parasitism by three species of Trichogramma SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Trichogramma deion; Trichogramma ostriniae; Trichogramma pretiosum; Plodia interpunctella; habitat complexity; stored products; biological control; spatial scale; foraging behavior ID EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; PLANT STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY; INDIANMEAL MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS; SWEET CORN; INOCULATIVE RELEASES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; FORAGING SUCCESS; ALMOND MOTH; HYMENOPTERA AB Effects of microhabitat complexity on host foraging by three species of Trichogramma (T. deion, T. ostriniae, and T. pretiosum) were evaluated under simulated stored product conditions. All three species have been considered as potential biological control agents for the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella, in retail stores and warehouses. Trials were conducted with single naive female parasitoids in 10-cm Petri dishes that were either empty, contained flour, or contained millet. Empty 15-cm Petri dishes, which served as a surface area control, comprised a fourth treatment. Females were allowed to forage for sentinel egg disks for 2 h, after which percentages of parasitism and egg mortality were computed. In addition, behavioral observations were made on a subset of the trials. Trichogramma deion parasitized more eggs than the other two species in the empty dishes and in the dish containing flour. For T deion, rates of parasitism and egg mortality were significantly greater in both the small and large empty dishes than in the small dishes containing flour or millet. Parasitism was consistently low for all three species in the grain-filled dishes. Among species, T ostriniae spent the most time walking, while T pretiosum was the most sedentary. In addition, T pretiosum spent significantly more time on the first egg visited compared with subsequent eggs. T deion may be the best-suited for use as a biological control agent for P. interpunctella. However, the potential negative effects of fine-grain habitat complexity should be taken into account when developing a release protocol for Trichogramma spp. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Grieshop, Matthew J.; Nechols, James R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Flinn, Paul W.; Campbell, James F.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Grieshop, MJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Integrated Plant Syst, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM grieshop@msu.edu RI Flinn, Paul/B-9104-2013; Campbell, James/J-9901-2012 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JUN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 3 BP 328 EP 336 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.01.015 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 314QJ UT WOS:000256823600006 ER PT J AU Riga, E Lacey, LA Guerra, N AF Riga, Ekaterini Lacey, Lawrence A. Guerra, Neussa TI Muscodor albus, a potential biocontrol agent against plant-parasitic nematodes of economically important vegetable crops in Washington State, USA SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE biological control; Muscodor albus; Meloidogyne chitwoodi; Meloidogyne hapla; nematicidal; nematostatic; Paratrichodorus allius; Pratylenchus penetrans; vegetable crops ID TUBER MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; PRATYLENCHUS-PENETRANS; PARATRICHODORUS-ALLIUS; SEEDLING DISEASES; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SUGAR-BEET; POTATO; FUNGUS; ROT AB The fungus, Muscodor albus, was tested for nematicidal and nematostatic potential against four plant-parasitic nematode species with three different feeding modes on economically important vegetable crops in the Pacific Northwest. Meloidogyne chitwoodi, Meloidogyne hapla. Paratrichodorus allius, and Pratylenchus penetrans were exposed for 72 h to volatiles generated by M albus cultured on rye grain in sealed chambers at 24 degrees C in the laboratory. In addition, the nematodes were inoculated into soil fumigated with M. albus, and incubated for 7 days prior to the introduction of host plants under greenhouse conditions. The mean percent mortality of nematodes exposed to M. albus in the chamber was 82.7% for P. allius, 82.1% for P. penetrans, and 95% for M. chitwoodi; mortality in the nontreated controls was 5.8%. 7%. and 3.9%, respectively. Only 21.6% of M. hapla juveniles died in comparison to 8.9% in controls. However, 69.5% of the treated juveniles displayed reduced motility and lower response to physical stimulus by probing, in comparison to the control juveniles. This is evidence of nematostasis due to M albus exposure. The greenhouse study showed that M. albus caused significant reduction to all nematode species in host roots and in rhizosphere soil. The percent mortality caused by M. albus applied at 0.5% and 1.0% w/w in comparison to the controls was as follows: 91% and 100% for P. allius in the soil; 100% for P. penetrans in bean roots and soil; 85% and 95% for M chinwoodi in potato roots, and 56% and 100% in the soil; 100% for M. hapla both in pepper roots and soil. In this study, M albus has shown both nematostatic and nematicidal properties. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Riga, Ekaterini; Guerra, Neussa] Washington State Univ, IAREC, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Lacey, Lawrence A.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Riga, E (reprint author), Washington State Univ, IAREC, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM riga@wsu.edu NR 27 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JUN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 3 BP 380 EP 385 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.01.002 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 314QJ UT WOS:000256823600012 ER PT J AU Herrick, NJ Reitz, SR Carpenter, JE O'Brien, CW AF Herrick, Nathan J. Reitz, Stuart R. Carpenter, James E. O'Brien, Charles W. TI Predation by Podisus maculiventris (Hemiptera : Pentatomidae) on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera : Plutellidae) larvae parasitized by Cotesia plutellae (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) and its impact on cabbage SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Plutella xylostella; diamondback moth; Podisus maculiventris; spined-soldier bug; Cotesia plutellae; intraguild predation; predator-parasitoid interaction; biological control ID COLORADO-POTATO BEETLE; AUGMENTATIVE BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; DIAMONDBACK MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; NATURAL ENEMIES; FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSE; HARMONIA-AXYRIDIS; APHID POPULATIONS; PARASITOIDS; INSECT AB Biological control offers potentially effective suppression of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, a serious pest of Brassica crops. Little is known of whether multiple natural enemies have additive, antagonistic, or synergistic effects on DBM populations. No-choice and choice tests were conducted to assess predation by Podisus maculiventris on DBM larvae parasitized by Cotesia plutellae and unparasitized larvae. In no-choice tests, P. maculiventris preyed on greater numbers of parasitized than unparasitized larvae and greater numbers of young larvae than old larvae. In choice tests with early third instar DBM, there was no difference in predation between parasitized or unparasitized larvae. However, in choice tests with older prey, P. maculiventris preyed on more parasitized than unparasitized larvae. Two field studies were conducted to test if this predator and parasitoid have additive, antagonistic or synergistic effects on DBM populations and plant damage in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). In 2002, DBM populations were significantly lower in the presence of C plutellae but not in the presence of P. maculiventris. There was not a significant interaction between the natural enemies. Plant damage was reduced only with C phitellae. In 2003, DBM populations were significantly lower in the presence of C phitellae and P. maculiventris, although the combination of natural enemies did not lead to a non-additive interaction. Plant damage was unaffected by the presence of either natural enemy. Because of its greater predation on parasitized larvae, P. maculiventris could be an intraguild predator of C plutellae. Yet, their overall combined effect in the field was additive rather than antagonistic. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Herrick, Nathan J.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Reitz, Stuart R.] USDA ARS CMAVE, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Carpenter, James E.] USDA ARS CPMRU, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [O'Brien, Charles W.] Florida A&M Univ, CBC CESTA, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. RP Herrick, NJ (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, 216 Price Hall,0319, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM herrick3@vt.edu RI Reitz, Stuart/B-7667-2008 NR 59 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JUN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 3 BP 386 EP 395 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.02.008 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 314QJ UT WOS:000256823600013 ER PT J AU Zeng, HW Botnen, JH Johnson, LK AF Zeng, Huawei Botnen, James H. Johnson, LuAnn K. TI A selenium-deficient Caco-2 cell model for assessing differential incorporation of chemical or food selenium into glutathione peroxidase SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Caco-2 cell; bioavailability; broccoli; glutathione peroxidase; selenium ID CANCER PREVENTION; SELENOMETHIONINE; RATS; BIOAVAILABILITY; SELENOCYSTEINE; BROCCOLI; SUPPLEMENTATION; SELENOPROTEINS; CULTURES; TRIAL AB Assessing the ability of a selenium (Se) sample to induce cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in Se-deficient animals is the most commonly used method to determine Se bioavailability. Our goal is to establish a Se-deficient cell culture model with differential incorporation of Se chemical forms into GPx, which may complement the in vivo studies. In the present study, we developed a Se-deficient Caco-2 cell model with a serum gradual reduction method. It is well recognized that selenomethionine (SeMet) is the major nutritional source of Se; therefore, SeMet, selenite, or methylselenocysteine (SeMSC) was added to cell culture media with different concentrations and treatment time points. We found that selenite and SeMSC induced GPx more rapidly than SeMet. However, SeMet was better retained as it is incorporated into proteins in place of methionine; compared with 8-, 24-, or 48-h treatment, 72-h Se treatment was a more sensitive time point to measure the potential of GPx induction in all tested concentrations. Based on induction of GPx activity, the cellular bioavailability of Se from an extract of selenobroccoli after a simulated gastrointestinal digestion was comparable with that of SeMSC and SeMet. These in vitro data are, for the first time, consistent with previous published data regarding selenite and SeMet bioavailability in animal models and Se chemical speciation studies with broccoli. Thus, Se-deficient Caco-2 cell model with differential incorporation of chemical or food forms of Se into GPx provides a new tool to study the cellular mechanisms of Se bioavailability. C1 [Zeng, Huawei; Botnen, James H.; Johnson, LuAnn K.] ARS, Grand Folks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Zeng, HW (reprint author), ARS, Grand Folks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM huawei.zeng@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 9 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0163-4984 J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 123 IS 1-3 BP 98 EP 108 DI 10.1007/s12011-008-8097-8 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 304BC UT WOS:000256084000012 PM 18265950 ER PT J AU Lima, IM McAloon, A Boateng, AA AF Lima, Isabel M. McAloon, Andrew Boateng, Akwasi A. TI Activated carbon from broiler litter: Process description and cost of production SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE activated carbon; broiler litter; copper ion remediation; cost of production ID ADSORPTIVE PROPERTIES; ALMOND SHELLS; MANURE AB Animal manure continues to represent a significantly large and problematic portion of the US agricultural waste generated yearly. Granular activated carbons made from pelletized poultry litter have been shown to adsorb various positively charged metal ions from laboratory-prepared solutions. The objective of this study was to develop a conceptual capital and operating cost estimate using the Superpro Designer process simulation program. In the study, it was assumed that the activated carbon manufacturing facility obtains the poultry litter from various farmers at a cost of $5.50 and $27.50 t(-1) for transportation. The carbon manufacturing facility processes 20 t of poultry litter per day and converts it into granular activated carbon for a final carbon yield of 21.6% (dry basis). This facility operates continuously, 330 days of the year. Several parameters were incorporated in the study including equipment sizing, capital costs and operating costs, such as labor, utilities, maintenance and equipment depreciation. The largest contributor to the cost of producing the activated carbon is the $1,200,000 equipment cost of the combined pyrolysis/activation furnace, which contributes about $0.47 kg(-1) to the production cost. This study indicates that activated carbon can be produced by this method at a cost of about $1.44 kg(-1). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lima, Isabel M.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. [McAloon, Andrew; Boateng, Akwasi A.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Lima, IM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd,POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. EM imlima@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 32 IS 6 BP 568 EP 572 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.11.008 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 321MD UT WOS:000257308400012 ER PT J AU Raffa, KF Aukema, BH Bentz, BJ Carroll, AL Hicke, JA Turner, MG Romme, WH AF Raffa, Kenneth F. Aukema, Brian H. Bentz, Barbara J. Carroll, Allan L. Hicke, Jeffrey A. Turner, Monica G. Romme, William H. TI Cross-scale drivers of natural disturbances prone to anthropogenic amplification: The dynamics of bark beetle eruptions SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE thresholds; plant-insect interactions; landscape disturbance; forest management; anthropogenic change ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; IPS-PINI; SPRUCE BEETLES; REGIME SHIFTS; MONOTERPENE CONCENTRATIONS; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE; COLONIZATION BEHAVIOR; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; CHEMICAL DEFENSES AB Biome-scale disturbances by eruptive herbivores provide valuable insights into species interactions, ecosystem function, and impacts of global change. We present a conceptual framework using one system as a model, emphasizing interactions across levels of biological hierarchy and spatiotemporal scales. Bark beetles are major natural disturbance agents in western North American forests. However, recent bark beetle population eruptions have exceeded the frequencies, impacts, and ranges documented during the previous 125 years. Extensive host abundance and susceptibility, concentrated beetle density, favorable weather, optimal symbiotic associations, and escape from natural enemies must occur jointly for beetles to surpass a series of thresholds. and exert widespread disturbance. Opposing feedbacks determine qualitatively distinct outcomes at junctures at the biochemical through landscape levels. Eruptions occur when key thresholds are surpassed, prior constraints cease to exert influence, and positive feedbacks amplify across scales. These dynamics are bidirectional, as landscape features influence how lower-scale processes are amplified or buffered. Climate change and reduced habitat heterogeneity increase the likelihood that key thresholds will be exceeded, and may cause fundamental regime shifts. Systems in which endogenous feedbacks can dominate after external forces foster the initial breach of thresholds appear particularly sensitive to anthropogenic perturbations. C1 [Raffa, Kenneth F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Raffa, Kenneth F.] Univ Wisconsin, Forest & Wildlife Ecol Dept, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Turner, Monica G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Aukema, Brian H.] Univ No British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2L 5P2, Canada. [Aukema, Brian H.] Canadian Forest Serv, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C5, Canada. [Bentz, Barbara J.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn Logan, Logan, UT USA. [Hicke, Jeffrey A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Romme, William H.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Raffa, KF (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM raffa@entomology.wisc.edu RI Turner, Monica/B-2099-2010; Lundquist, John/B-6433-2012; Hicke, Jeff/M-9677-2013; Romme, William/C-7317-2016 NR 76 TC 615 Z9 629 U1 32 U2 294 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 58 IS 6 BP 501 EP 517 DI 10.1641/B580607 PG 17 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 310ZI UT WOS:000256569200007 ER PT J AU McKelvey, KS Aubry, KB Schwartz, MK AF McKelvey, Kevin S. Aubry, Keith B. Schwartz, Michael K. TI Using anecdotal occurrence data for rare or elusive species: The illusion of reality and a call for evidentiary standards SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE anecdotal; evidentiary standards; fisher; ivory-billed woodpecker; wolverine ID IVORY-BILLED WOODPECKER; FISHER MARTES-PENNANTI; GULO-GULO; CALIFORNIA; WOLVERINE; CONSERVATION; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; REDISCOVERY; STATES AB Anecdotal occurrence data (unverifiable observations of organisms or their sign) and inconclusive physical data are often used to assess the current and historical ranges of rare or elusive species. However, the use of such data for species conservation can lead to large errors of omission and commission, which can influence the allocation of limited funds and the efficacy of subsequent conservation efforts. We present three examples of biological misunderstandings, all of them with significant conservation implications, that resulted from the acceptance of anecdotal observations as empirical evidence. To avoid such errors, we recommend that a priori standards constrain the acceptance of occurrence data, with more stringent standards applied to the data for rare species. Because data standards are likely to be taxon specific, professional societies should develop specific evidentiary standards to use when assessing occurrence data for their taxa of interest. C1 [McKelvey, Kevin S.; Schwartz, Michael K.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Aubry, Keith B.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA USA. RP McKelvey, KS (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. EM kmckelvey@fs.fed.us RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367 NR 43 TC 68 Z9 75 U1 4 U2 24 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 58 IS 6 BP 549 EP 555 DI 10.1641/B580611 PG 7 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 310ZI UT WOS:000256569200011 ER PT J AU Upchurch, RG AF Upchurch, Robert G. TI Fatty acid unsaturation, mobilization, and regulation in the response of plants to stress SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE abiotic and biotic stresses; defense response; omega-6 desaturase; omega-3 desaturase; fatty acids; lipase; membrane fluidity; Delta-9 stearoyl acyl carrier protein (ACP) desaturase; unsaturation ID HEAVY-METAL STRESS; DESATURASE GENE-EXPRESSION; DEVELOPING SOYBEAN SEEDS; CHLOROPLAST OMEGA-3 DESATURASE; OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACID DESATURASE; JASMONIC-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MEMBRANE-LIPIDS; LINOLENIC ACID; DROUGHT STRESS AB Stress acclimating plants respond to abiotic and biotic stress by remodeling membrane fluidity and by releasing alpha-linolenic (18:3) from membrane lipids. The modification of membrane fluidity is mediated by changes in unsaturated fatty acid levels, a function provided in part by the regulated activity of fatty acid desaturases. Adjustment of membrane fluidity maintains an environment suitable for the function of critical integral proteins during stress. alpha-Linolenic acid, released from membrane lipid by regulated lipase activity, is the precursor molecule for phyto-oxylipin biosynthesis. The modulation of chloroplast oleic acid (18:1) levels is central to the normal expression of defense responses to pathogens in Arabidopsis. Oleic (18:1) and linolenic (18:2) acid levels, in part, regulate development, seed colonization, and mycotoxin production by Aspergillus spp. C1 USDA ARS, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Upchurch, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM greg.upchurch@ars.usda.gov NR 80 TC 188 Z9 205 U1 7 U2 84 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 30 IS 6 BP 967 EP 977 DI 10.1007/s10529-008-9639-z PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 291IN UT WOS:000255190300001 PM 18227974 ER PT J AU Ashby, RD Solaiman, DKY Foglia, TA AF Ashby, Richard D. Solaiman, Daniel K. Y. Foglia, Thomas A. TI Property control of sophorolipids: influence of fatty acid substrate and blending SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE critical micelle concentration; liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry; minimum surface tension; sophorolipids; tensiometry ID BOMBICOLA AB Sophorolipids (SLs) were synthesized by fed-batch fermentation of Candida bombicola on glucose and either palmitic acid (SL-p), stearic acid (SL-s), oleic acid (SL-o) or linoleic acid (SL-l) and the structural distribution accurately determined by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (APCI-MS). The surfactant properties, including critical micelle concentration (CMC), minimum surface tension (min.ST) and oil-water interfacial tension (IFT) were measured by tensiometry. Minimum STs of 35-36 mN/m were obtained regardless of the substrate while IFTs ranged from 3-5 mN/m with the exception of SL-l, which had an IFT of 7 mN/m. The largest disparity occurred in the CMC values, which ranged from 35 ppm for SL-s to 250 ppm for SL-l. By manually mixing these four SLs in different ratios, it was possible to better control the CMC values without affecting the min.ST or IFT, which will prove beneficial as new applications for SLs are established. C1 [Ashby, Richard D.; Solaiman, Daniel K. Y.; Foglia, Thomas A.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Fats & Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Ashby, RD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Fats & Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Rick.Ashby@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1093 EP 1100 DI 10.1007/s10529-008-9653-1 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 291IN UT WOS:000255190300021 PM 18264681 ER PT J AU Ahmed, T Hamer, DH Meydani, SN AF Ahmed, Tanvir Hamer, Davidson H. Meydani, Simin Nikbin TI Effects of repeated administration of intradermal skin test by Mantoux method on delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in healthy young and elderly subjects SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Letter ID MORTALITY C1 [Ahmed, Tanvir; Hamer, Davidson H.; Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ahmed, Tanvir] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Int Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Sackler Grad Sch Biochem Sci, Dept Pathol, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ahmed, T (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM simin.meydani@tufts.edu OI Hamer, Davidson/0000-0002-4700-1495 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 99 IS 6 BP 1388 EP 1390 DI 10.1017/S000711450786853X PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 302FZ UT WOS:000255955500031 PM 18430267 ER PT J AU Riddick, EW Brown, AE Chauhan, KR AF Riddick, Eric W. Brown, Ashli E. Chauhan, Kamlesh R. TI Harmonia axyridis adults avoid catnip and grapefruit-derived terpenoids in laboratory bioassays SO BULLETIN OF INSECTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dihydronepetalactone; nuisance pest; repellents; push-pull strategy; Coccinellidae; harlequin ladybird; multicolored Asian lady beetle ID ASIAN LADY BEETLE; FORMOSAN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE; ESSENTIAL OIL; COPTOTERMES-FORMOSANUS; PALLAS COLEOPTERA; COCCINELLIDAE; NOOTKATONE; REPELLENT; TETRAHYDRONOOTKATONE; RHINOTERMITIDAE AB We observed the avoidance behaviour of the Multicolored Asian lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera Coccinellidae), when adults were exposed to terpenoids derived from catnip oil and grapefruit seed. In replicated laboratory bioassays, beetles avoided contact with volatiles emanating from 1 x 9 cm filter paper strips by trying to fly away, jumping back, stopping at, or turning away from the edge of strips. Although avoidance behaviours were found to vary depending on chemical concentration, turning away from the treated edge was predominant. Concentration had a highly significant effect on movement of females or both males and females when challenged with a 50 mu g/mu l concentration of Z,E-dihydronepetalactone or E,Z-dihydronepetalactone, respectively. Other test compounds, E,Z-iridomyrmecin and Z,E-iridomyrmecin were less effective. Finally, nootkatone and tetra-hydronootkatone were least effective. A follow-up experiment using dihydronepetalactone-treated strips, which had been "aged" for 24 hr, indicated that males and females avoided 50 mu g/mu l of E,Z-dihydronepetalactone rather than the control and more beetles responded to volatiles by turning away. Knowledge of the behaviour of H. axyridis adults as they approach treated surfaces may provide clues to Pushing them away from man-made structures and pulling them into traps with attractants or pheromones in the fall season. C1 [Riddick, Eric W.; Brown, Ashli E.] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Chauhan, Kamlesh R.] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Riddick, EW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, 59 Lee Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM eric.riddick@ars.usda.gov OI riddick, eric/0000-0002-4795-961X NR 40 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU ALMA MATER STUDIORUM, UNIV BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA DEPT AGROENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGY, VIALE G FANIN, 42, BOLOGNA, 40127, ITALY SN 1721-8861 J9 B INSECTOL JI Bull. Insectology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 61 IS 1 BP 81 EP 90 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 326KH UT WOS:000257657000012 ER PT J AU Medeiros, ES Mattoso, LHC Offeman, RD Wood, DF Orts, WJ AF Medeiros, Eliton S. Mattoso, Luiz H. C. Offeman, Richard D. Wood, Delilah F. Orts, William J. TI Effect of relative humidity on the morphology of electrospun polymer fibers SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE electrospinning; relative humidity; porous fibers; polymers ID PHASE-INVERSION MEMBRANES; SURFACE-MORPHOLOGY; POLYSTYRENE FIBERS; PORE FORMATION; MICROSTRUCTURES; SEPARATION; DIFFUSION; BEHAVIOR AB The effect of relative humidity on the morphology of electrospun fibers of poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(vinyl chloride), polystyrene, and poly(lactic acid) dissolved in solvents such as toluene, N,N-dimethylformamide, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, and deionized water was studied by scanning electron microscopy to investigate the factors that may contribute to pore formation. Results showed that the presence of pores depends on factors such as the type of polymers used, the polymer-solvent combination, molecular weight, and the size of the electrospun structure. The final morphology developed implies a competition between the dynamics of phase separation and the rate of solvent evaporation. In addition, continuous solvent evaporation and constant stretching owing to the electric potential difference give rise to the final shape of porous electrospun fibers. C1 [Medeiros, Eliton S.; Offeman, Richard D.; Wood, Delilah F.; Orts, William J.] USDA, Bioprod Chem & Engn Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Mattoso, Luiz H. C.] Lab Nacl nanotecnol Agronegocio, Embrapa Instrumentacao Agropecuaria, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. RP Orts, WJ (reprint author), USDA, Bioprod Chem & Engn Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bill.orts@ars.usda.gov RI Medeiros, Eliton/C-5768-2013; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016 OI Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014 NR 30 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 9 U2 47 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0008-4042 EI 1480-3291 J9 CAN J CHEM JI Can. J. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 6 BP 590 EP 599 DI 10.1139/V08-029 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 304OQ UT WOS:000256119200017 ER PT J AU Orts, WJ Nobes, GAR Kawada, J Nguyen, S Yu, GE Raveneile, F AF Orts, William J. Nobes, Geoffrey A. R. Kawada, Jumpei Nguyen, Sophie Yu, Ga-er Raveneile, Francois TI Poly(hydroxyalkanoates): Biorefinery polymers with a whole range of applications. The work of Robert H. Marchessault SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE CHIMIE LA English DT Review DE poly(hydroxyalkanoate); PHA poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate); PHB; biopolymers; bacterial polyester; random co-polymers; polymer single crystals; graft copolymers ID EXTRACELLULAR PHB DEPOLYMERASE; LAMELLAR SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; ISOLATED POLY(BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE) GRANULES; CAREFUL CHEMICAL DEPOLYMERIZATION; ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION BEHAVIOR; MULTISTAGE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ALCALIGENES-EUTROPHUS H16; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; IN-VITRO AB This review describes the characterization and application of poly(hydroxyalkanoates), PHAs, a remarkable family of natural polyesters with a wide array of useful properties and potential applications. It places specific emphasis on the work of Robert H. Marchessault and his many colleagues outlining how Marchessault's body of work both shaped the field and complemented the work of his contemporaries. Particular attention will focus on the "rediscovery" of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate), PHB, the first PHA to be discovered, from the late 1950s onward, highlighting some of the historical aspects of PHA's path toward commercial applications. It will also cover why this class of materials is so unique, including PHA structure-properties relationships, its unique crystalline behaviour, in vivo - in vitro synthesis and degradation, and PHA-graft-copolymers. C1 [Orts, William J.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Nobes, Geoffrey A. R.] Tate & Lyle, Decatur, IL 62525 USA. [Kawada, Jumpei] Toyota Cent Res & Dev Labs Inc, Mat Organ Lab, Nagakute, Aichi 4801192, Japan. [Nguyen, Sophie] Bio Syntech Canada Inc, Laval, PQ H7V 4B3, Canada. [Yu, Ga-er] Adv Polymer Mat Inc, Montreal, PQ H5T 1B8, Canada. [Raveneile, Francois] LaboPharm, Laval, PQ H7V 4B4, Canada. RP Orts, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM orts@pw.usda.gov NR 141 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 16 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4042 J9 CAN J CHEM JI Can. J. Chem.-Rev. Can. Chim. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 6 BP 628 EP 640 DI 10.1139/V08-050 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 304OQ UT WOS:000256119200022 ER PT J AU Yang, J He, HS Sturtevant, BR Miranda, BR Gustafson, EJ AF Yang, Jian He, Hong S. Sturtevant, Brian R. Miranda, Brian R. Gustafson, Eric J. TI Comparing effects of fire modeling methods on simulated fire patterns and succession: a case study in the Missouri Ozarks SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID FOREST MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES; SPATIALLY EXPLICIT; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; HARDWOOD FORESTS; NATIONAL-PARK; LANDSCAPE; DYNAMICS; DISTURBANCE; REGIMES; USA AB We compared four fire spread simulation methods (completely random, dynamic percolation, size-based minimum travel time algorithm, and duration-based minimum travel time algorithm) and two fire occurrence simulation methods (Poisson fire frequency model and hierarchical fire frequency model) using a two-way factorial design. We examined these treatment effects oil simulated forest succession dynamics and fire patterns including fire frequency, size, burned area, and shape complexity of burned patches. The comparison was carried Out Using a forest landscape model (LANDIS) for a surface fire regime in the Missouri Ozark Highlands. Results showed that incorporation of fuel into fire Occurrence modeling significantly changed simulated dynamics of fire frequency and area burned. The duration-based minimum travel time algorithm produced the highest variability in fire size, and the dynamic percolation method produced the most irregular burned patch shapes. We also found that various fire modeling methods greatly affected temporal fire patterns in the short term, but such effects were less prominent in the long term. The simulated temporal changes in landscape-level species abundances were similar for different fire modelin, methods. suggesting that a complex fire modeling method may not be necessary for examining coarse-scale vegetation dynamics. C1 [Yang, Jian; He, Hong S.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Sturtevant, Brian R.; Miranda, Brian R.; Gustafson, Eric J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Yang, J (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, 203 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM jym6b@missouri.edu RI Yang, Jian/H-3169-2011; OI Yang, Jian/0000-0002-2170-589X; He, Hong S./0000-0002-3983-2512 FU orthern Research Station of the US Forest Service FX This work was funded by the Northern Research Station of the US Forest Service. We thank the anonymous reviewers and Associate Editor for their helpful comments oil this manuscript. NR 45 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1290 EP 1302 DI 10.1139/X07-235 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 311KH UT WOS:000256598600002 ER PT J AU Smith, KJ Keeton, WS Twery, MJ Tobi, DR AF Smith, Kimberly J. Keeton, William S. Twery, Mark J. Tobi, Donald R. TI Understory plant responses to uneven-aged forestry alternatives in northern hardwood-conifer forests SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID GREEN-TREE RETENTION; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; HERBACEOUS-LAYER; OLD-GROWTH; NATURAL DISTURBANCE; CLEAR-CUT; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; SPECIES DIVERSITY; VARYING LEVELS; UPPER MICHIGAN AB The understory layer encompasses the majority of plain species diversity ill forested ecosystems and may be sensitive to timber harvest disturbance. We hypothesize that (i) uneven-aged, low-intensity silvicultural systems can maintain understory plant diversity and support late-successional species following harvest disturbance; (ii) retaining and enhancing stand structural complexity can increase understory plant diversity in northern hardwood-conifer forests; and (iii) plant responses are influenced by interactions among canopy structure, soils, and climate processes. Experimental treatments include single-tree selection and group selection, both modified to increase structural retention, and a third technique designed to promote late-successional forest structure and function, structural complexity enhancement. Four replications of each treatment were applied to 2 ha units in Vermont and New York, USA. Understory vegetation was monitered 2 years pre- and 4 years post-treatment. Results show that over time, understory responses were strongly affected by overstory treatment and less influenced by soils and drought. All treatments succeeded at maintaining overall composition and diversity. However, late-successional diversity increased significantly in structural complexity enhancement units compared with group selection units. These results indicate that while conventional uneven-aged systems can maintain understory plant diversity, variations that retain or enhance structural complexity may be effective at retaining late-successional species. C1 [Twery, Mark J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Tobi, Donald R.] Univ Vermont, Entomol Res Lab, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Smith, Kimberly J.; Keeton, William S.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Smith, KJ (reprint author), 223 Cooksboro Rd, Troy, NY 12182 USA. EM Kimberly.Smith@oprhp.state.ny.us FU USDA CSREES National Research Initiative; Vermont Monitoring Cooperative; Northeastern States Research Cooperative; USDA McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program FX This research was supported by grants from the USDA CSREES National Research Initiative, the Vermont Monitoring Cooperative, the Northeastern States Research Cooperative, and the USDA McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program. We are grateful to Catherine A. Paris of the University of Vermont's Department of Plant Biology, who provided assistance throughout the project. The USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station provided data, and Charlotte Jasko assisted with data entry and quality control. Alan Howard of the University of Vermont's Academic Computing Services provided assistance with statistical analyses. We also recognize the outstanding field crews at the University of Vermont and Paul Smith's College for their help with data collection. NR 76 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 27 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1303 EP 1318 DI 10.1139/X07-236 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 311KH UT WOS:000256598600003 ER PT J AU Beier, CM Sink, SE Hennon, PE D'Amore, DV Juday, GP AF Beier, Colin M. Sink, Scott E. Hennon, Paul E. D'Amore, David V. Juday, Glenn P. TI Twentieth-century warming and the dendroclimatology of declining yellow-cedar forests in southeastern Alaska SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID CHAMAECYPARIS-NOOTKATENSIS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; NORTHERN HARDWOODS; VANCOUVER-ISLAND; COLD-HARDINESS; WINTER THAW; TEMPERATURE; DIEBACK; GROWTH; BIRCH AB Decline of yellow-ceder (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis ((D. Don) Spach) has occured on 200 000 ha of temperate rainforests across southeastern Alaska. Because declining forests appeared soon after the Little lee Age and are limited mostly to low elevations (whereas higher elevation forests remain healthy), recent studies have hypothesized a climatic mechanism involving early dehardening, reduced snowpack, and freezing injury. This hypothesis assumes that a specific suite of microclimatic conditions occurs during late winter and declining cedar populations across the region have responded similarly to these conditions. Based on the first geographically extensive tree ring chronologies constructed for southeastern Alaska, we tested these assumptions by investigating regional climatic trends and the growth responses of declining cedar populations to this climatic variations. Warming winter trends were observed for southeastern Alaska, resulting in potentially injurious conditions for yellow-cedar due to reduced snowfall and frequent occurrence of severe thaw-freeze events. Declining cedar forests shared a common regional chronology for which late-winter weather was the best predictor of annual growth of surviving trees. Overall, our findings verify the influence of elevational gradients of temperature and snow cover on exposure to climatic stressors, support the climatic hypothesis across large spatical and temporal scales, and suggest cedar decline may expand with continued warming. C1 [Beier, Colin M.] Univ Alaska, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Sink, Scott E.; Juday, Glenn P.] Univ Alaska, Sch Nat Resources & Agr Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Hennon, Paul E.; D'Amore, David V.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Beier, CM (reprint author), SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM cbeier@esf.edu FU USDA New Crops; University of Alaska Fairbanks FX We thank Terry Chapin and Dave McGuire (University of Alaska Fairbanks) for Support in acquiring supplies and providing manuscript reviews, Dave Albert (The Nature Conservancy) for providing the snow accumulation model, and the Juneau Forestry Sciences Laboratory (USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station) for logistical support. Thanks to Kake Tribal Corporation and Haida Corporation for allowing us to conduct field work on their private inholdings. Funding for this study was provided by USDA New Crops and the University of Alaska Fairbanks Center for Global Change. NR 36 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1319 EP 1334 DI 10.1139/X07-240 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 311KH UT WOS:000256598600004 ER PT J AU Coyle, DR Coleman, MD Aubrey, DP AF Coyle, David R. Coleman, Mark D. Aubrey, Doug P. TI Above- and below-ground biomass accumulation, production, and distribution of sweetgum and loblolly pine grown with irrigation and fertilization SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-USE EFFICIENCY; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; WEED-CONTROL; SLASH PINE; EUCALYPTUS-CAMALDULENSIS; PRODUCTION DYNAMICS; NUTRIENT CONTENT; ROOT DEVELOPMENT; COASTAL-PLAIN; LEAF-AREA AB Increased forest productivity hits been obtained by improving resource availability through water and nutrient amendments. However, more stress-tolerant species that have robust site requirements do not respond consistently to irrigation. An important factor contributing to robust site requirements may be the distribution of biomass belowground, yet available information is limited. We examined the accumulation and distribution of above- and below-ground biomass in sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands receiving irrigation and fertilization. Mean annual aboveground production after 4 years ranged from 2.4 to 5.1 Mg-ha(-1).year(-1) for sweetgum and from 5.0 to 6.9 Mg.ha(-1.)year(-1) for pine. Sweetgum responded positively to irrigation and fertilization with all additive response to irrigation + fertilization. Pine only responded to fertilization. Sweetgum root mass fraction (RMF) increased with fertilization at 2 years and decreased with fertilization at 4 years. There were no detectable treatment differences in loblolly pine RMF. Development explained from 67% to 98% of variation in shoot versus root allometry for ephemeral and perennial tissues, fertilization explained no more than 5% of the variation in for either species, and irrigation did not explain any. We conclude that shifts in allocation from roots to shoots do not explain nutrient-induced growth stimulations. C1 [Coyle, David R.; Coleman, Mark D.; Aubrey, Doug P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. RP Coyle, DR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Russell Labs 345, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dcoyle@entomology.wisc.edu RI Aubrey, Doug/A-3455-2011; Coleman, Mark/A-6741-2013 FU US Department of Energy Savannah River Operations office [DE-IA09-76SR00056, 00-IA-11330135-221] FX Funding was provided by the US Department of Energy Savannah River Operations office through the USDA Forest Service Savannah River and the Forest Service Southern Research Station under Interagency Agreement DE-IA09-76SR00056; Department of Energy Oak Ridge National Laboratory Interagency Agreement 00-IA-11330135-221; Southern Research Station Work Units 4103, 4104, 4154, 4155, 4505, and 4703; and The Timber Company, Weyerhaeuser, Champion International, and Union Camp. Thanks to the many project technicians and staff at the USDA Forest Service Savannah River Forest Station, The University of Georgia, and Auburn University who made collection possible. Thanks to Bernard Parresol and Stan Zarnoch, USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station, and Steve Hong, University of Wisconsin-Madison, for statistical consultation and advice. This manuscript was greatly improved by the comments of several anonymous reviewers. NR 68 TC 41 Z9 48 U1 6 U2 37 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1335 EP 1348 DI 10.1139/X07-231 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 311KH UT WOS:000256598600005 ER PT J AU Coleman, TW Clarke, SR Meeker, JR Rieske, LK AF Coleman, T. W. Clarke, Stephen R. Meeker, James R. Rieske, L. K. TI Forest composition following overstory mortality from southern pine beetle and associated treatments SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID VEGETATION SIMULATOR; OAK FOREST; REGENERATION; GROWTH; RESTORATION; COMMUNITIES; DISTURBANCE; SCOLYTIDAE; SUCCESSION; COLEOPTERA AB Bark beetle caused mortality continues to play a critical role in determining the composition and structure of forests in North America, and revegetation dynamics following these disturbances are poorly understood. We assessed forest composition following southern pine beetle. Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, mortality and associated Cut and leave suppression, and compared them with undisturbed loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., stands in Texas. Abundant hardwood regeneration dominated the understory, with little loblolly pine regeneration following either mortality event. Disturbances eliminated loblolly pine dominance in these even-aged stands. thus stratifying forest structure and apparently increasing stein density (stems.ha(-1)), richness (species.ha(-1)), and diversity (ha) in the lower strata. Aspect and elevation, presumably through influences on site moisture, were the primary gradients associated with vegetation variation in the canonical correspondence analyses for new regeneration. Mortality from Dendroctonus and cut and leave practices shifted loblolly pine communities to mixed upland hardwoods in model predictions generated by the southern variant of the Forest Vegetation Simulator. In addition to being an effective bark beetle control, cut and leave suppression did not after predicted forest composition 50 years hence when compared with unsuppressed bark beetle-caused mortality. Because of the predicted shift to hardwood domination and a low pine basal area, it is expected that mortality from D. frontalis and cut and leave will substantially reduce future hazards from D. frontalis outbreaks. C1 [Coleman, T. W.; Rieske, L. K.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Clarke, Stephen R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Lufkin, TX 75901 USA. [Meeker, James R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Rieske, LK (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, S-225 Ag N, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM lrieske@uky.edu FU USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection; Southern Research Station Forest Insect Research Work Unit; Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank Keith Debusk, Brandon Taylor, and Alton Martin Jr. for their assistance with data collection; Brian Strom for assistance with planning; Jason Pieratt and Scott McClintock for consultation about statistical analysis; James H. Scarborough for use of facilities; Karen Mitchell for assistance with historic stand data and mapping, USDA Forest Service Foest Health Protection Unit, Lufkin and Pineville, Sabine and Angelina National Forests, USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station, Pineville, Louisina; and two anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly improved this manuscript. This research was supported by funds from the USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection and their Pest Trend Impact Plot System program, and the Southern Research Station Forest Insect Research Work Unit, and Mclntire Stennis funds from the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 48 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 12 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1406 EP 1418 DI 10.1139/X07-248 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 311KH UT WOS:000256598600012 ER PT J AU Keane, RE AF Keane, Robert E. TI Biophysical controls on surface fuel litterfall and decomposition in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; LODGEPOLE PINE FORESTS; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; NUTRIENT RELEASE; WESTERN OREGON; NEEDLE LITTER; CONIFEROUS FORESTS; DISTURBANCE HISTORY; STAND DEVELOPMENT; BRITISH-COLUMBIA AB Litterfall and decomposition rates of the organic matter that comprise forest fuels are important to fire management, because they define fuel treatment longevity and provide parameters to design, test, and validate ecosystem models. This study explores the environmental factors that control litterfall and decomposition in the context of fuel management for several major forest types in the northern Rocky Mountains (Idaho and Montana), USA. Litterfall was measured for more than 10 years using semiannual collections of six fine fuel components (fallen foliage, twigs, branches, large branches, logs, and all other canopy material) collected from a network of 1 m(2) litterfall traps installed at 28 plots across seven sites. Decomposition of foliage, twigs, branches, and large branches were measured using litter bags installed on five of the seven sites. Measured litterfall and decomposition rates were correlated with major environmental and vegetation variables using regression analysis. Annual foliage litterfall rates ranged from 0.057 kg.m(-2).year(-1) for dry Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. stands to 0.144 kg.m(-2).year(-1) on mesic Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don stands and were correlated with the vegetation characteristics of leaf area index, basal area, and tree height (r > 0.5), whereas decomposition rates were correlated with the environmental gradients of temperature and relative humidity (r > 0.4). C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Keane, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Highway 10 W, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM rkeane@fs.fed.us FU USGS National Biological Service; Glacier National Park's Global Change Research [1430-1-9007, 1430-3-9005]; USGS CLIMET FX I acknowledge all those field technicians who spent countless hours collecting, sorting, and weighing litter: Todd Carlson, Kirsten Schmidt, Wayne Lynholm, Courtney Couch. Laurie Dickinson, Myron Holland, Curtis Johnson, Micha Krebs. Eric Apland, Daniel Covington, Amy Rollins, and Ben McShan of the Rocky Mountain Research Station Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory. I also thank Joseph White of Baylor University; Ceci McNicoll, USDA Forest Service Gila National Forest: Wendel Hann, USDA Forest Service Washington Office; Dan Fagre, USGS Glacier Field Station; Dave Peterson, USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station Matt Rollins, Russell Parsons, Helen Smith, Denny Simmerman, and Kathy Gray, USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory for field work, technical support, assistance in the analysis, and invaluable advice. Lastly, I thank Roger Ottmar and Tom Spies, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station; Elizabeth Reinhardt, Rocky Mountain Research Station: Jan van Wagtendonk, Yosemite National Park: and four anonymous journal reviewers for sightful and helpful reviews. This work was partially funded by the USGS National Biological Service and Glacier National Park's Global Change Research Program under Inter-agency Agreements 1430-1-9007 and 1430-3-9005 and the USGS CLIMET project. NR 81 TC 22 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 17 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1431 EP 1445 DI 10.1139/X08-003 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 311KH UT WOS:000256598600014 ER PT J AU Islam, MA Jacobs, DF Apostol, KG Dumroese, RK AF Islam, M. Anisul Jacobs, Douglass F. Apostol, Kent G. Dumroese, R. Kasten TI Transient physiological responses of planting frozen root plugs of Douglas-fir seedlings SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID SPRUCE CONTAINER SEEDLINGS; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; CONIFER SEEDLINGS; PERFORMANCE; GROWTH; FIELD; COLD; CONDUCTANCE; YIELD; STOCK AB Short-term physiological responses of planting frozen (FR) and rapidly thawed (TR) root plugs of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings were examined through time series (0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days) measurements in two separate experiments: 10 C day : 6 C night, RH 75% and 30 C day : 20 C night. RH 50%, respectively. Net photosynthesis, transpiration, shoot water potential, and root hydraulic conductance were lower in FR compared with TR seedlings under both growing conditions. Magnitude of difference in root hydraulic conductance was higher under warm-dry conditions. Chlorophyll fluorescence (F-v/F-m) values were higher for TR than FR seedlings at 0 h, but similar thereafter for both growing conditions. Needle electrolyte leakage and chlorophyll content did not differ between FR and TR seedlings under both environmental regimes. Higher rood O-2 uptake was observed in FR seedlings in had more flushed buds and new roots than FR seedlings, while no buds flushed for both FR and TR seedlings under cool-moist conditions. Comparatively higher photosynthesic rates in TR seedlings planted under warm-dry conditions likely contributed toward more new roots, which could be advantageous for survival and early growth.. C1 [Islam, M. Anisul; Jacobs, Douglass F.; Apostol, Kent G.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dumroese, R. Kasten] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Jacobs, DF (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM djacobs@purdue.edu FU USDA Forest Service; Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center at Purdue University; Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University FX We gratefully acknowledge funding from the USDA Forest Service, the Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center at Purdue University, and the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University to support this research. We thank N. King, M. Nicodemus, J. Sloan, and M. Williams for technical assistance. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1517 EP 1525 DI 10.1139/X08-009 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 311KH UT WOS:000256598600021 ER PT J AU Jacobs, DF Davis, AS Wilson, BC Dumroese, RK Goodman, RC Salifu, KF AF Jacobs, Douglass F. Davis, Anthony S. Wilson, Barrett C. Dumroese, R. Kasten Goodman, Rosa C. Salifu, K. Francis TI Short-day treatment alters Douglas-fir seedling dehardening and transplant root proliferation at varying rhizosphere temperatures SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID WESTERN HEMLOCK SEEDLINGS; DORMANCY INDUCTION TREATMENTS; WHITE SPRUCE SEEDLINGS; PICEA-ABIES SEEDLINGS; LONG-NIGHT TREATMENTS; FROST HARDINESS; FIELD PERFORMANCE; CONIFER SEEDLINGS; MOISTURE STRESS; PLANTING STRESS AB We tested effects of shortened day length during nursery Culture on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedling development at dormancy release. Seedlings from a 42 degrees N source were grown either under ambient photoperiods (long-day (LD)) or with a 28 day period of 9 h light: 15 h dark photoperiods (short-day (SD)). Seedlings were periodically removed from freezer storage from January to May. Sensitivity of plant tissues to cold temperatures was investigated via electrolyte leakage Lit nine test temperatures ranging from 2 to -40 degrees C. New root growth was assessed with rhizosphere temperatures of 10, 15, 20, and 25 degrees C. From 2 to - 13 degrees C, there was no difference between treatments in cold hardiness. However, at or below - 18 degrees C, LD seedlings exhibited higher indices of damage than SD seedlings. The LT50 (temperature at which 50% cell electrolyte leakage Occurred) was consistently lower for SD than LD seedlings. Rhizosphere temperature differentially influenced new root proliferation: LD seedlings had greater new root production than SD seedlings Lit 20 degrees C, whereas the opposite response was detected at 10 degrees C. Our results confirm photoperiod sensitivity of Douglas-fir Sources from relatively low (i.e., <45 degrees N) latitudes. Increased spring cold hardiness and Greater rooting at lower rhizosphere temperatures may improve field performance potential of SD-treated seedlings. C1 [Jacobs, Douglass F.; Davis, Anthony S.; Wilson, Barrett C.; Goodman, Rosa C.; Salifu, K. Francis] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dumroese, R. Kasten] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Jacobs, DF (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM djacobs@purdue.edu FU Sierra Cascade Intensive Forest Management Cooperative; Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center at Purdue University; Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University; Cal-Forest Nursery FX This research was funded by the Sierra Cascade Intensive Forest Management Cooperative, the Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center at Purdue University, and the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University. We appreciate the cooperation of Tom Jopson at Cal-Forest Nursery through the donation of nursery growing space and seedlings to this project. Rob Eddy at the Purdue University Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Plant Growth Facility provided consultation for the growth chamber room. An Associate Editor and two anonymous referees provided valuable comments that improved the manuscript. NR 52 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1526 EP 1535 DI 10.1139/X08-020 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 311KH UT WOS:000256598600022 ER PT J AU Risch, AC Jurgensen, MF Page-Dumroese, DS Wildi, O Schutz, M AF Risch, Anita C. Jurgensen, Martin F. Page-Dumroese, Deborah S. Wildi, Otto Schuetz, Martin TI Long-term development of above- and below-ground carbon stocks following land-use change in subalpine ecosystems of the Swiss National Park SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-EUROPEAN ALPS; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; SOIL RESPIRATION; SEQUESTRATION; GRASSLAND; DYNAMICS; AFFORESTATION; VEGETATION; BUDGET AB Vegetation changes following agricultural land abandonment at high elevation-which is frequent in Europe-could have a major impact oil carbon (C) sequestration. However, most information on the effects of vegetation changes on ecosystem C stocks originates from low-elevation studies on reforestation or early successional forests, and little is known about how these stocks change during long-term secondary forest succession and at high elevation. We assessed above-round, belowground, and ecosystem organic matter and C stocks in high-elevation ecosystems that represent the long-term development (centuries) following land abandonment: short- and tall-grass pastures, Swiss mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra), mixed-conifer, and Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.)-European larch (Larix decidua P. Mill.) forests. Aboveground C stocks were lowest ill the short-grass pastures (0.1 Mg C.ha(-1)) and reached a maximum in the mixed-conifer and stone pine-larch forests (166 Mg C.ha(-1)). Belowground C stocks did not differ anion, the ecosystems Studied. We only detected ecosystem C sequestration during reforestation; whereas no significant differences in ecosystem C Stocks were found during long-term secondary forest development. Our calculations showed that only in additional 1733-3032 Mg C.year(-1) would be sequestered owing to natural reforestation in high-elevation Switzerland, which likely can be considered negligible compared with total annual C sequestration calculated for Swiss forests in other studies. C1 [Risch, Anita C.; Wildi, Otto; Schuetz, Martin] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Jurgensen, Martin F.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Page-Dumroese, Deborah S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Risch, AC (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, Zuercherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. EM anita.risch@wsl.ch RI Risch, Anita/A-9836-2012 OI Risch, Anita/0000-0003-0531-8336 FU ETH Zurich [TH-1'/01-1]; Swiss National Forest Inventory Vegetation-Soil; SNP FX We are grateful to Joanne Tirocke and Jennifer Hensiek (USDA Forest Service, Moscow, Idaho) for laboratory analyses. We thank Sabine Herzog and several volunteers for their help during data collection, Edgar Kaufmann (Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf) for providing the allometric equations, Ulrich Ulmer and Thomas Wohlgemuch (WSL Birmensdorf) for providing information on Swiss land cover types, and Frank Hagedorn (WSL Birmensdorf) and the anonymous reviewers for the helpful comments on the manuscript. This study was funded by ETH Zurich (grant TH-1'/01-1) and Swiss National Forest Inventory Vegetation-Soil subproject. We also express our gratitude to the SNP administration for the support of our research. NR 51 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 41 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1590 EP 1602 DI 10.1139/X08-014 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 311KH UT WOS:000256598600027 ER PT J AU Royo, AA Carson, WP AF Royo, Alejandro A. Carson, Walter P. TI Direct and indirect effects of a dense understory on tree seedling recruitment in temperate forests: habitat-mediated predation versus competition SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID OLD FIELDS; DECIDUOUS FORESTS; EMERGENCE; DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL; MAST; REGENERATION; FERN; SIZE; AVAILABILITY AB In forests characterized by a dense woody and herbaceous understory layer, seedling recruitment is often directly suppressed via interspecific competition. Alternatively, these dense layers may indirectly lower tree recruitment by providing a haven for seed and seedling predators that prey on neighboring plant species. To Simultaneously test for resource competition and indirect, habitat-mediated effects, we factorially manipulated understory plant cover (removed versus intact) and predation (exclosures Versus controls) at three forested sites. We found that vegetation cover created privileged fora in, areas that increased seed removal and seedling predation rates. Predator preference was directly related to seed size with larger seeded species including Prunus serotina Ehrh. and Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. removed more readily than smaller seeded species such as Fraxinus americana L. We found strong species-specific evidence for habitat-mediated indirect effects establishment of P. serotina and Acer saccharum Marsh. was significantly lower under an intact hay-scented fern (Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Michx.) T. Moore) canopy when small mammals were present. Competition also played a strong role; both P. serotina and Acer rubrum L. survival as well as A. rubrum emergence were reduced under a fern canopy with or without seed predators. The impact of habitat-mediated indirect effects and resource competition appear to vary predictably based upon predator preferences and differences in the timing of woody seed dispersal and germination relative to vegetation cover phenology. Overall, our results suggest that habitat-mediated indirect effects may be common and Occur wherever vegetation provides the potential for creating privileged foraging areas. C1 [Royo, Alejandro A.; Carson, Walter P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Royo, AA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, POB 267, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. EM aroyo@fs.fed.us RI Carson, Walter/A-2569-2013 NR 48 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 27 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1634 EP 1645 DI 10.1139/X07-247 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 311KH UT WOS:000256598600031 ER PT J AU Greenberg, AS Obin, MS AF Greenberg, Andrew S. Obin, Martin S. TI Many roads lead to the lipid droplet SO CELL METABOLISM LA English DT Editorial Material ID PERILIPIN; ORGANELLE; PROTEINS AB Neutral lipid is stored in intracellular lipid droplets, whose biology remains incompletely understood. Recent work by Farese and colleagues (Guo et al., 2008) takes a systematic genome-wide approach to comprehensively identify processes regulating formation and metabolism of lipid droplets. The findings may offer novel insights into diseases involving lipid storage. C1 [Greenberg, Andrew S.; Obin, Martin S.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Obes & Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Greenberg, AS (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Obes & Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM andrew.greenberg@tufts.edu; martin.obin@tufts.edu NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1550-4131 J9 CELL METAB JI Cell Metab. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 7 IS 6 BP 472 EP 473 DI 10.1016/j.cmet.2008.05.005 PG 2 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 309EL UT WOS:000256443400003 PM 18522827 ER PT J AU Zhang, J Jiang, N Dang, Z Elder, TJ Ragauskas, AJ AF Zhang, Jianguo Jiang, Nan Dang, Zheng Elder, Thomas J. Ragauskas, Arthur J. TI Oxidation and sulfonation of cellulosics SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE cellulose; nanostructures; periodate oxidation; sulfonation; water retention ID TEMPO-MEDIATED OXIDATION; WHISKERS; NANOPARTICLES; COMPOSITES; FIBERS AB Bleached hardwood (HW) kraft pulp and derived nanocellulosic structures were modified by a periodate oxidation followed by treatment with sodium bisulfite to yield the corresponding C2/3 sulfonates. The impact of this oxidative-reductive protocol on the chemical and physical properties of cellulose was evaluated by determining physical dimensions, functional groups, and their water absorbency properties. It was found that the water absorbency of cellulosic material can be enhanced by 8.0-199.0% with this oxidation/sulfonation protocol. Distinct differences were observed between sulfonated pulp fibers and nanocellulosic structures, with the latter exhibiting relatively higher water retention values (WRV). C1 [Zhang, Jianguo; Jiang, Nan; Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Dang, Zheng] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Elder, Thomas J.] USDA, US Forest Serv, S Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Ragauskas, AJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM arthur.ragauskas@ipst.gatech.edu NR 30 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD JUN PY 2008 VL 15 IS 3 BP 489 EP 496 DI 10.1007/s10570-007-9193-1 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 294IC UT WOS:000255398700014 ER PT J AU Qin, RJ Gao, SD McDonald, JA Ajwa, H Shem-Tov, S Sullivan, DA AF Qin, Ruijun Gao, Suduan McDonald, Jason A. Ajwa, Husein Shem-Tov, Shachar Sullivan, David A. TI Effect of plastic tarps over raised-beds and potassium thiosulfate in furrows on chloropicrin emissions from drip fumigated fields SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE low density polyethylene (LDPE); virtually impermeable film (VIF); chloropicrin (CP); emission reduction; raised-beds; potassium thiosulfate (KTS) ID METHYL-BROMIDE EMISSION; AMMONIUM THIOSULFATE; SOIL COLUMNS; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; VOLATILIZATION; DEGRADATION; PERMEABILITY; TEMPERATURE; IRRIGATION; AMENDMENT AB Plastic tarps are commonly used in raised bed strawberry production to minimize emissions of preplant soil fumigants and are left in place throughout the growing season as part of the standard cultural practices. Soil amendments with chemicals such as thiosulfate (S2O32-) can reduce fumigant emissions. Afield study was conducted near Santa Maria, CA to determine the effects of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and virtually impermeable film (VIF) over raised-beds and applying potassium thiosulfate (KTS) in furrows on reducing chloropicrin (CP) emissions from a strawberry field. Four fields (or treatments) were tested with 224 kg ha(-1) CP drip-applied three cm under the soil surface. The CP flux from bed tops and furrows and gas-phase concentrations under the tarps were monitored for five d. The CP emission flux and concentration under tarp were highest immediately following application. Diurnal temperature change affected CP concentration and emission fluxes (higher values during the day and lower at night). Slightly higher CP cumulative emission occurred using LDPE tarp (19%) compared to VIF (17%). Normalized flux (CP emission flux from the beds divided by CP concentration under the tarp) being estimated from field measurement was slightly higher for LDPE than VIF indicating different tarp permeability in the field. Because of extremely low emissions from the furrows (<0.2% of total emission loss), KTS application to furrow treatments did not show further emission reductions than non-KTS treatments. This indicates that emission reduction should focus on the tarp above raised-beds when fumigant was dripapplied near bed-surface. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Qin, Ruijun; Gao, Suduan; McDonald, Jason A.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Qin, Ruijun; Ajwa, Husein; Shem-Tov, Shachar] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Sullivan, David A.] Sullivan Environm Consulting Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Qin, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM ruijun.qin@ars.usda.gov RI Qin, Ruijun/F-3469-2011 NR 24 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUN PY 2008 VL 72 IS 4 BP 558 EP 563 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.023 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 319XS UT WOS:000257198900006 PM 18440581 ER PT J AU Smith, P Nabuurs, GJ Janssens, IA Reis, S Marland, G Soussana, JF Christensen, TR Heath, L Apps, M Alexeyev, V Fang, JY Gattuso, JP Guerschman, JP Huang, Y Jobbagy, E Murdiyarso, D Ni, J Nobre, A Peng, CH Walcroft, A Wang, SQ Pan, Y Zhou, GS AF Smith, Pete Nabuurs, Gert-Jan Janssens, Ivan A. Reis, Stefan Marland, Gregg Soussana, Jean-Francois Christensen, Torben R. Heath, Linda Apps, Mike Alexeyev, Vlady Fang, Jingyun Gattuso, Jean-Pierre Guerschman, Juan Pablo Huang, Yao Jobbagy, Esteban Murdiyarso, Daniel Ni, Jian Nobre, Antonio Peng, Changhui Walcroft, Adrian Wang, Shao Qiang Pan, Yude Zhou, Guang Sheng TI Sectoral approaches to improve regional carbon budgets SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Review ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; AGRICULTURAL LAND-USE; LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; PEAT BOG GROWTH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EUROPEAN FORESTS AB Humans utilise about 40% of the earth's net primary production (NPP) but the products of this NPP are often managed by different sectors, with timber and forest products managed by the forestry sector and food and fibre products from croplands and grasslands managed by the agricultural sector. Other significant anthropogenic impacts on the global carbon cycle include human utilization of fossil fuels and impacts on less intensively managed systems such as peatlands, wetlands and permafrost. A great deal of knowledge, expertise and data is available within each sector. We describe the contribution of sectoral carbon budgets to our understanding of the global carbon cycle. Whilst many sectors exhibit similarities for carbon budgeting, some key differences arise due to differences in goods and services provided, ecology, management practices used, land-management personnel responsible, policies affecting land management, data types and availability, and the drivers of change. We review the methods and data sources available for assessing sectoral carbon budgets, and describe some of key data limitations and uncertainties for each sector in different regions of the world. We identify the main gaps in our knowledge/data, show that coverage is better for the developed world for most sectors, and suggest how sectoral carbon budgets could be improved in the future. Research priorities include the development of shared protocols through site networks, a move to full carbon accounting within sectors, and the assessment of full greenhouse gas budgets. C1 [Smith, Pete] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. [Nabuurs, Gert-Jan] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, ALTERRA, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Janssens, Ivan A.] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Reis, Stefan] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol Edinburgh, CEH, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. [Marland, Gregg] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Marland, Gregg] Mid Sweden Univ, Ecotechnol Program, S-83125 Ostersund, Sweden. [Soussana, Jean-Francois] INRA, Agron Unit, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Christensen, Torben R.] Lund Univ, GeoBiosphere Sci Ctr, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Heath, Linda] US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Apps, Mike] Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forestry Serv, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Alexeyev, Vlady] Russian Acad Sci, Vn Sukachev Inst Forests Res, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Fang, Jingyun] Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Gattuso, Jean-Pierre] UPMC, CNRS, Oceanog Lab, Observ Oceanol, F-06234 Villefranche Sur Mer, France. [Guerschman, Juan Pablo] CSIRO Land & Water, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Huang, Yao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Jobbagy, Esteban] Univ Nacl San Luis, Grp Estudios Ambientales, RA-5700 San Luis, Argentina. [Murdiyarso, Daniel] CIFOR, Jakarta 10065, Indonesia. [Ni, Jian; Zhou, Guang Sheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Lab Quantitat Vegetat Ecol, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Nobre, Antonio] Escritorio Reg INPE, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. [Peng, Changhui] Univ Quebec, Inst Environm Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Walcroft, Adrian] Landcare Res, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Wang, Shao Qiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Pan, Yude] US Forest Serv, USDA, Global Change Program, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Smith, P (reprint author), Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. EM pete.smith@abdn.ac.uk RI Janssens, Ivan/P-1331-2014; Wang, ZF/D-7202-2012; Huang, Yao/O-6832-2014; Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015; Soussana, Jean-Francois/P-2094-2016; Soussana, Jean-Francois/E-2543-2012; Fang, Jingyun/A-4282-2009; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre/E-6631-2010; Smith, Pete/G-1041-2010; GUERSCHMAN, Juan/C-1479-2009; Reis, Stefan/E-4713-2011; Peng, Changhui/G-8248-2012; Ni, Jian/I-7067-2012; Nobre, Antonio /H-4309-2012 OI Janssens, Ivan/0000-0002-5705-1787; Wang, ZF/0000-0002-7062-6012; Soussana, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-1932-6583; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre/0000-0002-4533-4114; Smith, Pete/0000-0002-3784-1124; GUERSCHMAN, Juan/0000-0001-7464-6304; Reis, Stefan/0000-0003-2428-8320; Ni, Jian/0000-0001-5411-7050; Nobre, Antonio /0000-0001-6840-6398 NR 179 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JUN PY 2008 VL 88 IS 3-4 BP 209 EP 249 DI 10.1007/s10584-007-9378-5 PG 41 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 309QU UT WOS:000256476100001 ER PT J AU Unger, IM Muzika, RM Motavalli, PP Kabrick, J AF Unger, Irene M. Muzika, Rose-Marie Motavalli, Peter P. Kabrick, John TI Evaluation of continuous in situ monitoring of soil changes with varying flooding regimes SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE flooding; in situ monitoring; long-term monitoring; redox potential; soil inundation; soil pH ID REDOX POTENTIAL MEASUREMENTS; ELECTRODES AB To support investigations of flood tolerance occurring at a field-based research facility, changes in soil volumetric water content, temperature, redox potential, dissolved oxygen content, and pH over the course of flood events were monitored. Electronic sensors connected to dataloggers for continuous monitoring of these parameters were installed, and soil redox potential and pH were also monitored manually for comparison. Soil volumetric water content showed that soils became saturated quickly following inundation. Soil redox potentials revealed a reduction of the soil with inundation; however, stagnant water treatments did not result in lower redox potentials than flowing water treatments. Similarly, dissolved oxygen content was not lower in the stagnant water treatment. The automated and manual systems detected similar trends in redox potential response to flooding; however, redox potentials measured manually were generally higher and significantly different from those obtained with the automated system. Anomalous readings were detected with the automated measurement of soil pH, indicating further need for improvement of this system. C1 [Unger, Irene M.; Muzika, Rose-Marie] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Motavalli, Peter P.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Dept Soils Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kabrick, John] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. RP Unger, IM (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Dept Forestry, 203 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM imuypb@mizzou.edu NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 39 IS 11-12 BP 1600 EP 1619 DI 10.1080/00103620802071788 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 316RW UT WOS:000256968400003 ER PT J AU Eigenberg, RA Brown-Brandl, TM Nienaber, JA AF Eigenberg, R. A. Brown-Brandl, T. M. Nienaber, J. A. TI Sensors for dynamic physiological measurements SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE respiration rate; body temperature; electronic identification; telemetry; datalogger; safety monitor; feeding behavior ID SHADED FEEDLOT CATTLE; HEAT-STRESS; RESPONSE INDICATORS; RESPIRATION RATE; TEMPERATURE AB Stress research on agricultural production animals involves monitoring of bio-energetic responses to environmental challenges. Automated monitoring of physiological. and behavioral responses of animals has the advantages of reducing labor, increasing the frequency of observation, and reducing bias and observer influence, but automation requires specialized instrumentation. Equipment has been developed or adapted to meet specific monitoring needs for a range of animals and facilities. This paper summarizes work related to cattle and swine stress research at the US Meat Animal Research Center, and specifically examines recording of body temperature, respiration rate, livestock safety monitoring and electronic identification. Much of this work has been reported previously and has been consolidated here to provide an overview of sensor development and application. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Eigenberg, R. A.; Brown-Brandl, T. M.; Nienaber, J. A.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Eigenberg, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Roger.Eigenberg@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 62 IS 1 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2007.08.011 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 292JV UT WOS:000255263200008 ER PT J AU Guo, QF Symstad, A AF Guo, Qinfeng Symstad, Amy TI A two-part measure of degree of invasion for cross-community comparisons SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomass; degree of invasion; exotic species; invasibility; species abundance; species diversity ID SPECIES RICHNESS; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; PLANT INVASION; DIVERSITY; INVASIBILITY; RESISTANCE; PATTERNS; SCALE; BIODIVERSITY; GRASSLAND AB Invasibility is a critical feature of ecological communities, especially for management decisions. To date, invasibility has been measured in numerous ways. Although most researchers have used the richness (or number) of exotic species as a direct or indirect measure of community invasibility, others have used alternative measures such as the survival, density, or biomass of either a single or all exotic species. These different measures, even when obtained from the same communities, have produced inconsistent results and have made comparisons among communities difficult Here, we propose a measure of the degree of invasion (DI) of a community as a surrogate for community invasibility. The measure is expressed as 2 independent components: exotic Proportion of total species richness and exotic proportion of total species abundance (biomass or cover). By including richness and abundance, the measure reflects that the factors that control invasibility affect both of these components. Expressing exotic richness and abundance relative to the richness and abundance of all species in a community makes comparisons across communities of different sizes and resource availability possible and illustrates the importance of dominance of exotic species relative to natives, which is a primary management concern associated with exotic species. C1 [Guo, Qinfeng] US Geol Survey, No Prairie WRC, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. [Guo, Qinfeng] So Res Stn, USDA, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Symstad, Amy] US Geol Survey, No Prairie WRC, Black Hills Stn, Hot Springs, SD 57747 USA. RP Guo, QF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, No Prairie WRC, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. EM qguo@fs.fed.us RI Guo, Qinfeng/A-8034-2009 NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 22 IS 3 BP 666 EP 672 DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00915.x PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 311PT UT WOS:000256612800023 PM 18477032 ER PT J AU Klein, CJ Chan, A Kircher, L Cundiff, AJ Gardner, N Hrovat, Y Scholz, A Kendall, BE Airame, S AF Klein, C. J. Chan, A. Kircher, L. Cundiff, A. J. Gardner, N. Hrovat, Y. Scholz, A. Kendall, B. E. Airame, S. TI Striking a balance between biodiversity conservation and socioeconomic viability in the design of marine protected areas SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE conservation costs; conservation planning; fishing effort; fishing exclusion zones; marine biodiversity; marine reserves; Marxan; protected areas ID ECOLOGICAL CRITERIA; RESERVE NETWORKS; COSTS AB The establishment of marine protected areas is often viewed as a conflict between conservation and fishing. We considered consumptive and nonconsumptive interests of multiple stakeholders (i.e., fishers, scuba divers, conservationists, managers, scientists) in the systematic design of a network of marine protected areas along California's central coast in the context of the Marine Life Protection Act Initiative. With advice from managers, administrators, and scientists, a representative group of stakeholders defined biodiversity conservation and socioeconomic goals that accommodated social needs and conserved marine ecosystems, consistent with legal requirements. To satisfy biodiversity goals, we targeted 11 marine habitats across 5 depth zones, areas of high species diversity, and areas containing species of special status. We minimized adverse socioeconomic impacts by minimizing negative effects on fishers. We included fine-scale fishing data from the recreational and commercial fishing sectors across 24 fisheries. Protected areas designed with consideration of commercial and recreational fisheries reduced potential impact to the fisheries approximately 21% more than protected areas designed without consideration of fishing effort and resulted in a small increase in the total area protected (approximately 3.4%). We incorporated confidential fishing data without revealing the identity of specific fisheries or individual fishing grounds. We sited a portion of the protected areas near land parks, marine laboratories, and scientific monitoring sites to address nonconsumptive socioeconomic goals. Our results show that a stakeholder-driven design process can use systematic conservation-planning methods to successfully produce options for network design that satisfy multiple conservation and socioeconomic objectives. Marine protected areas that incorporate multiple stakeholder interests without compromising biodiversity conservation goals are more likely to protect marine ecosystems. C1 [Klein, C. J.; Kircher, L.] Univ Queensland, Ctr Appl Environm Decis & Anal, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Cundiff, A. J.] USDA Forest Serv Cooperat Forestry, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Scholz, A.] Ecotrust, Portland, OR 97209 USA. [Klein, C. J.; Chan, A.; Kircher, L.; Cundiff, A. J.; Gardner, N.; Hrovat, Y.; Kendall, B. E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Donald Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Airame, S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Gardner, N.] Columbia Land Trust, Astoria, OR 97103 USA. RP Klein, CJ (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Ctr Appl Environm Decis & Anal, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. EM c.klein@uq.edu.au RI Kendall, Bruce/C-1871-2008; Klein, Carissa/F-1632-2011 OI Kendall, Bruce/0000-0003-1782-8106; NR 22 TC 127 Z9 131 U1 7 U2 113 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 22 IS 3 BP 691 EP 700 DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00896.x PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 311PT UT WOS:000256612800026 PM 18325043 ER PT J AU Bewick, LS Young, FL Alldredge, JR Young, DL AF Bewick, L. S. Young, F. L. Alldredge, J. R. Young, D. L. TI Agronomics and economics of no-till facultative wheat in the Pacific Northwest, USA SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE chemical fallow; reduced tillage summer fallow; winter wheat; spring wheat; low precipitation; soil moisture ID SOIL-WATER STORAGE; CROPPING SYSTEMS; FALLOW MANAGEMENT; WEED MANAGEMENT; SUMMER FALLOW; GREAT PLAINS; REGION; DYNAMICS; NITROGEN; YIELD AB Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (WW) rotated with dust-mulch summer fallow (WW/SF) has been the dominant production practice in the low-precipitation zone (< 300 mm, annual precipitation) of the Pacific Northwest (PNW) since the early 1900s. Over time, WW/SF has experienced several problems including severe wind erosion, increased pest problems and costs of production, and reduced crop yields. Producers need system alternatives to replace or modify the traditional WW/SF system. One proposed alternative is production of no-till facultative wheat (T aestivum L.) (FW). Generally, FWs have less cold tolerance, a shorter but distinct period required for vernalization, and start growing and initiate flowering earlier compared with true WWs. This study compares agronomic, economic, and soil moisture components of FW/chemical fallow (FW/ChF), FW/spring wheat (T aestivum L.) (FW/SW), and WW/ reduced tillage SF (WW/RSF) rotations as part of an inter-disciplinary, multi-component research trial conducted near Ralston, Washington, USA. Over the 4-year study period, spring soil water content (SWC) was greater for ChF compared with RSF at all depths except 0.3-0.6m. In the fall, difference in SWC between ChF and SF disappeared at depths below 0.6m but was less for ChF from the soil surface to 0.6m. WW/RSF and FW/ChF were more productive, both economically and agronomically, than FW/SW, with WW/RSF being more productive than either FW rotation by a wide margin. The FW/SW rotation produced lower yields that were more susceptible to fluctuations in crop year precipitation, contained more weeds, cost more to produce, and was less profitable than either WW/RSF or FW/ChF. The FW/ChF rotation was less variable than WW/RSF; however, net returns over total cost were consistently negative for FW/ChF and averaged $69.00 rotational ha(-1) less than WW/RSF. Even though FW/ChF yielded and earned less than WW/ RSF, the FW/ChF rotation may be a viable conservation system with cost sharing and/or further research. The yield of FW following ChF was excellent in 2002 in large-scale demonstration plots, in 2003 in the main study where it out-yielded WW, and in 2006 when FW was planted into ChF without sulfentrazone herbicide. The advantages of FW/ChF include (1) spread-out fall planting and summer harvesting operations; (2) opportunities to control problem winter-annual weeds; (3) better competition with summer annual weeds than spring wheat; and (4) a late planting date that does not rely on seed-zone soil water like WW. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bewick, L. S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Young, F. L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Alldredge, J. R.] Washington State Univ, Dept Stat, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Young, D. L.] Washington State Univ, Sch Econ Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Bewick, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM bewicls205dn@wsu.edu NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 6 BP 932 EP 942 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2007.11.013 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 283PN UT WOS:000254648700006 ER PT J AU Barkley, NA Wang, ML AF Barkley, N. A. Wang, M. L. TI Application of TILLING and EcoTILLING as reverse genetic approaches to elucidate the function of genes in plants and animals SO CURRENT GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE reverse genetics; functional genomics; TILLING (target induced local lesions in genomes); EcoTILLING (Eco-type TILLING); sequencing; SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism); genetic stocks ID INDUCED POINT MUTATIONS; CHEMICALLY-INDUCED MUTATIONS; TARGET-SELECTED MUTAGENESIS; INDUCED LOCAL LESIONS; LOTUS-JAPONICUS; NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; CROP IMPROVEMENT; RESISTANCE GENES; DISCOVERY AB With the fairly recent advent of inexpensive, rapid sequencing technologies that continue to improve sequencing efficiency and accuracy, many species of animals, plants, and microbes have annotated genomic information publicly available. The focus on genomics has thus been shifting from the collection of whole sequenced genomes to the study of functional genomics. Reverse genetic approaches have been used for many years to advance from sequence data to the resulting phenotype in an effort to deduce the function of a gene in the species of interest. Many of the currently used approaches (RNAi, gene knockout, site-directed mutagenesis, transposon tagging) rely on the creation of transgenic material, the development of which is not always feasible for many plant or animal species. TILLING is a non-transgenic reverse genetics approach that is applicable to all animal and plant species which can be mutagenized, regardless of its mating / pollinating system, ploidy level, or genome size. This approach requires prior DNA sequence information and takes advantage of a mismatch endonuclease to locate and detect induced mutations. Ultimately, it can provide an allelic series of silent, missense, nonsense, and splice site mutations to examine the effect of various mutations in a gene. TILLING has proven to be a practical, efficient, and an effective approach for functional genomic studies in numerous plant and animal species. EcoTILLING, which is a variant of TILLING, examines natural genetic variation in populations and has been successfully utilized in animals and plants to discover SNPs including rare ones. In this review, TILLING and EcoTILLING techniques, beneficial applications and limitations from plant and animal studies are discussed. C1 [Barkley, N. A.; Wang, M. L.] USDA ARS, PGRCU, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Wang, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, PGRCU, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM Mingli.Wang@ars.usda.gov RI Barkley, Noelle/C-5815-2008 NR 78 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 22 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1389-2029 J9 CURR GENOMICS JI Curr. Genomics PD JUN PY 2008 VL 9 IS 4 BP 212 EP 226 DI 10.2174/138920208784533656 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 309OB UT WOS:000256469000001 PM 19452039 ER PT J AU Vanholme, R Morreel, K Ralph, J Boerjan, W AF Vanholme, Ruben Morreel, Kris Ralph, John Boerjan, Wout TI Lignin engineering SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CINNAMOYL-COA-REDUCTASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DOWN-REGULATION; HYDROXYCINNAMOYL-COA; BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY; LOBLOLLY-PINE; FERULIC ACID; FOREST TREES; LIGNIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB Lignins are aromatic polymers that are present mainly in secondarily thickened plant cell walls. Several decades of research have elucidated the main biosynthetic routes toward the monolignols and demonstrated that lignin amounts can be engineered and that plants can cope with large shifts in p-hydroxyphenyl/guaiacyl/syringyl (H/G/S) lignin compositional ratios. It has also become clear that lignins incorporate many more units than the three monolignols described in biochemistry textbooks. Together with the theory that lignin polymerization is under chemical control, observations hint at opportunities to design lignin structure to the needs of agriculture. An increasing number of examples illustrates that lignin engineering can improve the processing efficiency of plant biomass for pulping, forage digestibility and biofuels. Systems approaches, in which the plant's response to engineering of a single gene in the pathway is studied at the organismal level, are beginning to shed light on the interaction of lignin biosynthesis with other metabolic pathways and processes. C1 [Vanholme, Ruben; Morreel, Kris; Boerjan, Wout] Flanders Inst Biotechnol VIB, Dept Plant Syst Biol, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. [Vanholme, Ruben; Morreel, Kris; Boerjan, Wout] Univ Ghent, Dept Mol Genet, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Boerjan, W (reprint author), Flanders Inst Biotechnol VIB, Dept Plant Syst Biol, Technol Pk 927, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. EM wout.boerjan@psb.ugent.be OI Boerjan, Wout/0000-0003-1495-510X NR 64 TC 307 Z9 332 U1 19 U2 178 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5266 J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 3 BP 278 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.pbi.2008.03.005 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 317JR UT WOS:000257016600007 PM 18434238 ER PT J AU Vogel, J AF Vogel, John TI Unique aspects of the grass cell wall SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE; AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; BRACHYPODIUM-DISTACHYON; FERULIC ACID; GENE FAMILY; ANCHORED PROTEIN; MOLECULAR-BASIS; CROSS-LINKS; BIOSYNTHESIS; POLYSACCHARIDES AB Grasses are amongst the most important crops worldwide, and the composition of their cell walls is critical for uses as food, feed, and energy crops. Grass cell walls differ dramatically from dicot cell walls in terms of the major structural polysaccharides present, how those polysaccharides are linked together, and the abundance and importance of pectins, proteins and phenolic compounds. Recent advances, spurred by the availability of genomic resources for several plant species, include the characterization of cellulose synthase like (Csl) gene families that are unique to the grasses and the demonstration that Members of one of those gene families, CslF, are responsible for making the mixed linkage glucans that are unique to the order Poales. C1 USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Vogel, J (reprint author), USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM john.vogel@ars.usda.gov RI Vogel, John/B-3176-2009; OI Vogel, John/0000-0003-1786-2689 NR 65 TC 247 Z9 250 U1 13 U2 93 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5266 J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 3 BP 301 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.pbi.2008.03.002 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 317JR UT WOS:000257016600010 PM 18434239 ER PT J AU Hammel, KE Cullen, D AF Hammel, Kenneth E. Cullen, Dan TI Role of fungal peroxidases in biological ligninolysis SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BASIDIOMYCETE PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; SUBSTRATE INTERACTION SITES; ALCOHOL RADICAL-CATION; WHITE-ROT FUNGUS; MANGANESE PEROXIDASE; VERATRYL ALCOHOL; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; CERIPORIOPSIS-SUBVERMISPORA; OXIDATIVE-DEGRADATION AB The degradation of lignin by filamentous fungi is a major route for the recycling of photosynthetically fixed carbon, and the oxidative mechanisms employed have potential biotechnological applications. The lignin peroxidases (LiPs), manganese peroxidases (MnPs), and closely related enzymes of white rot basidiomycetes are likely contributors to fungal ligninolysis. Many of them cleave lignin model compounds to give products consistent with those found in residual white-rotted lignin, and at least some depolymerize synthetic lignins. However, none has yet been shown to delignify intact lignocellulose in vitro. The likely reason is that the peroxidases need to act in concert with small oxidants that can penetrate lignified tissues. Recent progress in the dissolution and NMR spectroscopy of plant cell walls may allow new inferences about the nature of the oxidants involved. Furthermore, increasing knowledge about the genomes of ligninolytic fungi may help us decide whether any of the peroxidases has an essential role. C1 [Hammel, Kenneth E.; Cullen, Dan] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Hammel, Kenneth E.; Cullen, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hammel, KE (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM kehammel@wisc.edu RI Hammel, Kenneth/G-1890-2011 OI Hammel, Kenneth/0000-0002-2935-5847 NR 59 TC 137 Z9 140 U1 4 U2 90 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5266 J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 3 BP 349 EP 355 DI 10.1016/j.pbi.2008.02.003 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 317JR UT WOS:000257016600016 PM 18359268 ER PT J AU Naganawa, Y Shimmoto, M Maleki, SJ Takase, M Shinmoto, H AF Naganawa, Yasunori Shimmoto, Michie Maleki, Soheila J. Takase, Masayuki Shinmoto, Hiroshi TI Epitope analysis of peanut allergen Ara h1 with oligoclonal IgM antibody from human B-lymphoblastoid cells SO CYTOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antibody; epitope; epstein-barr virus; IgM; peanut allergen ID ATOPIC-DERMATITIS; IDENTIFICATION; BINDING; CLONING AB To analyze epitopes of peanut allergen Ara h1, Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human peripheral oligoclonal B-cells were cultured to obtain antibodies to Ara h1. The combined reaction pattern with six oligoclonal antibodies showed there were six antibody binding areas named a to f in Ara h1. We found the novel antibody binding area named "area c" (171-230aa). C1 [Naganawa, Yasunori] Nagahama Inst Biosci & Technol, Shiga 5260829, Japan. [Naganawa, Yasunori; Takase, Masayuki; Shinmoto, Hiroshi] Natl Food Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. [Shimmoto, Michie] Tokyo Metropolitan Inst Med Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138613, Japan. [Maleki, Soheila J.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Shinmoto, Hiroshi] Tamagawa Univ, Machida, Tokyo 1948610, Japan. RP Naganawa, Y (reprint author), Nagahama Inst Biosci & Technol, 1266 Tamura Cho, Shiga 5260829, Japan. EM y_naganawa@nagahama-i-bio.ac.jp NR 9 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9069 J9 CYTOTECHNOLOGY JI Cytotechnology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 57 IS 2 BP 177 EP 180 DI 10.1007/s10616-008-9142-3 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 339TX UT WOS:000258601300010 PM 19003163 ER PT J AU Wilson, WC Bernard, KA Israel, BA Mecham, JO AF Wilson, William C. Bernard, Kristen A. Israel, Babara A. Mecham, James O. TI Bluetongue virus serotype 17 sequence variation associated with neutralization SO DNA SEQUENCE LA English DT Article DE bluetongue virus; neutralization; MAR mutants; L2; M5 ID AMINO-ACID; IDENTIFICATION; VP2; DETERMINANTS; PROTEIN AB Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an insect-transmitted orbivirus of importance to the cattle and sheep industry. The VP2 protein, encoded by L2, contains neutralizing epitopes. Previously, a panel of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the BTV serotype 17 (BTV-17) prototype strain was generated and it was determined that the neutralization domain consists of three overlapping epitopes. Over 30 amino acid changes were found between a neutralized BTV-17 prototype strain and a non-neutralized BTV-17 198 strain. In this study, the L2 genes from eight additional strains, representing both the neutralized and non-neutralized groups of 13TV-17, were sequenced to determine the degree of conservation of the previously characterized differences. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences showed that 91% (30/33) of the previously noted changes were conserved within each group. The sequence of the M5 gene that encodes VP5 was also examined, since this surface protein has also been shown to affect neutralization. No consistent changes were noted between the neutralized and non-neutralized groups of BTV-17 by analysis of the VP5 protein. Finally, the L2 sequences of five MAb neutralization escape mutants were determined to identify specific amino acids involved in neutralization and perhaps virulence. All five mutants contained 1-3 amino acid changes that were in close proximity to a previously described variable region. These amino acid changes likely define critical sites in the overlapping neutralization domains previously described. This is the first description of two BT virus populations that have distinct neutralization characteristics co-circulating in a defined geographical region. C1 [Wilson, William C.; Mecham, James O.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Bernard, Kristen A.] New York State Dept Hlth, Arbovirus Labs, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12159 USA. [Israel, Babara A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, SVM, Madison, WI 53711 USA. RP Wilson, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM william.wilson@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1042-5179 J9 DNA SEQUENCE JI DNA Seq. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 3 BP 237 EP 240 DI 10.1080/10425170701550524 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 316UE UT WOS:000256974400010 PM 17852347 ER PT J AU Shultz, JL Ray, JD Smith, JR AF Shultz, J. L. Ray, J. D. Smith, J. R. TI Mapping two genes in the purine metabolism pathway of soybean SO DNA SEQUENCE LA English DT Article DE purine; complimentary DNA; linkage group; urate oxidase; soybean; SNP ID N-2 FIXATION; UREIDE DEGRADATION; SEED PROTEIN; GLYCINE-MAX; TOLERANCE; POPULATION; NITROGEN; REGIONS; WATER; QTL AB Mapping genes in biochemical pathways allow study of the genomic organization of pathways and geneic relationships within these pathways. Additionally, molecular markers located within the boundaries of a specific gene sequence represent important marker assisted selection resources. We report map locations of two geneic markers from the purine synthesis pathway in soybean (Glycine max (L. merr.)), utilizing a 90 plant F-2 population created from the cross of "DT97-4290" x "DS97-84-1 ". Primers were designed based on sequences from annotated soybean complimentary DNA. A polymorphic, co-dominant, sequence-characterized amplified region marker was created for hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (EC 2.4.2.8). Linkage analysis placed this gene on linkage group (LG) O. In addition, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker was developed for a urate oxidase gene (EC 1.7.3.3). Linkage analysis of the SNP placed the urate oxidase gene on LG I. For both genes, amplicon sequence data confirmed the identification of the respective gene. Mapping these genes represents the first step in understanding the genomic organization of the purine biochemical pathway in soybean. C1 [Shultz, J. L.; Ray, J. D.; Smith, J. R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Ray, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM jray@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1042-5179 J9 DNA SEQUENCE JI DNA Seq. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 3 BP 264 EP 269 DI 10.1080/10425170701607522 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 316UE UT WOS:000256974400014 PM 17852337 ER PT J AU Federico, P Hallam, TG McCracken, GF Purucker, ST Grant, WE Correa-Sandoval, AN Westbrook, JK Medellin, RA Cleveland, CJ Sansone, CG Lopez, JD Betke, M Moreno-Valdez, A Kunz, TH AF Federico, Paula Hallam, Thomas G. McCracken, Gary F. Purucker, S. Thomas Grant, William E. Correa-Sandoval, A. Nelly Westbrook, John K. Medellin, Rodrigo A. Cleveland, Cutler J. Sansone, Chris G. Lopez, Juan D. Betke, Margrit Moreno-Valdez, Arnulfo Kunz, Thomas H. TI Brazilian free-tailed bats as insect pest regulators in transgenic and conventional cotton crops SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; Brazilian free-tailed bats; corn; corn earworm; cotton; cotton bollworm; Helicoverpa zea; insectivory; mathematical model; Tadarida brasiliensis; Texas Winter Garden agricultural region, USA; transgenic agricultural crops ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; DIETARY VARIATION; LEPIDOPTERA; MOLOSSIDAE; NOCTUIDAE AB During the past 12000 years agricultural systems have transitioned from natural habitats to conventional agricultural regions and recently to large areas of genetically engineered (GE) croplands. This GE revolution occurred for cotton in a span of slightly more than a decade during which a switch occurred in major cotton production areas from growing 100% conventional cotton to an environment in which 95% transgenics are grown. Ecological interactions between GE targeted insects and other insectivorous insects have been investigated. However, the relationships between ecological functions (such as herbivory and ecosystem transport) and agronomic benefits of avian or mammalian insectivores in the transgenic environment generally remain unclear, although the importance of some agricultural pest management services provided by insectivorous species such as the Brazilian free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis, have been recognized. We developed a dynamic model to predict regional-scale ecological functions in agricultural food webs by using the indicators of insect pest herbivory measured by cotton boll damage and insect emigration from cotton. In the south-central Texas Winter Garden agricultural region we find that the process of insectivory by bats has a considerable impact on both the ecology and valuation of harvest in Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic and non-transgenic cotton crops. Predation on agricultural pests by insectivorous bats may enhance the economic value of agricultural systems by reducing the frequency of required spraying and delaying the ultimate need for new pesticides. In the Winter Garden region, the presence of large numbers of insectivorous bats yields a regional summer dispersion of adult pest insects from Bt cotton that is considerably reduced from the moth emigration when bats are absent in either transgenic or non-transgenic crops. This regional decrease of pest numbers impacts insect herbivory on a transcontinental scale. With a few exceptions, we find that the agronomics of both Bt and conventional cotton production is more pro. table when large numbers of insectivorous bats are present. C1 [Federico, Paula; Hallam, Thomas G.; McCracken, Gary F.; Purucker, S. Thomas] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Grant, William E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Ecol Syst Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Correa-Sandoval, A. Nelly] Ctr Calidad Ambiental Tecnol Monterrey, Monterrey, Neuvo Leon, Mexico. [Westbrook, John K.; Lopez, Juan D.] USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Medellin, Rodrigo A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Cleveland, Cutler J.] Boston Univ, Ctr Energy & Environm Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Cleveland, Cutler J.] Boston Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Sansone, Chris G.] Texas A&M Univ, Res & Extens Ctr, San Angelo, TX 76901 USA. [Betke, Margrit] Boston Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Moreno-Valdez, Arnulfo] Inst Tecnol Cd Victoria, Tamaulipas 87010, Mexico. [Kunz, Thomas H.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Ecol & Conservat Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Hallam, TG (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 569 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM thallam@utk.edu OI McCracken, Gary/0000-0002-2493-8103 NR 30 TC 29 Z9 34 U1 6 U2 65 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 4 BP 826 EP 837 DI 10.1890/07-0556.1 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 306JD UT WOS:000256243200002 PM 18536245 ER PT J AU Palace, M Keller, M Silva, H AF Palace, Michael Keller, Michael Silva, Hudson TI Necromass production: Studies in undisturbed and logged Amazon forests SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Amazon; coarse woody debris; dead wood; decay; decomposition; mortality; necromass; reduced-impact logging; standing dead; tropical forest ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; BIOSPHERE-ATMOSPHERE EXPERIMENT; EASTERN BRAZILIAN-AMAZON; ORGANIC-MATTER; REDUCED-IMPACT; CARBON BALANCE; DEAD WOOD; BIOMASS AB Necromass stocks account for up to 20% of carbon stored in tropical forests and have been estimated to be 14-19% of the annual aboveground carbon flux. Both stocks and fluxes of necromass are infrequently measured. In this study, we directly measured the production of fallen coarse necromass (>= 2 cm diameter) during 4.5 years using repeated surveys in undisturbed forest areas and in forests subjected to reduced-impact logging at the Tapajos National Forest, Belterra, Brazil (3.08 degrees S, 54.94 degrees W). We also measured fallen coarse necromass and standing dead stocks at two times during our study. The mean (SE) annual flux into the fallen coarse necromass pool in undisturbed forest of 6.7 (0.8) Mg.ha(-1).yr(-1) was not significantly different from the flux under a reduced-impact logging of 8.5 (1.3) Mg.ha(-1).yr(-1). With the assumption of steady state, the instantaneous decomposition constants for fallen necromass in undisturbed forests were 0.12 yr(-1) for large, 0.33 yr(-1) for medium, and 0.47 yr(-1) for small size classes. The mass weighted decomposition constant was 0.15 yr(-1) for all fallen coarse necromass. Standing dead wood had a residence time of 4.2 years, and similar to 0.9 Mg.ha(-1).yr(-1) of this pool was respired annually to the atmosphere through decomposition. Coarse necromass decomposition at our study site accounted for 12% of total carbon remineralization, and total aboveground coarse necromass was 14% of the aboveground biomass. Use of mortality rates to calculate production of coarse necromass leads to an underestimation of coarse necromass production by 45%, suggesting that nonlethal disturbance such as branch fall contributes significantly to this flux. Coarse necromass production is an important component of the tropical forest carbon cycle that has been neglected in most previous studies or erroneously estimated. C1 [Palace, Michael; Keller, Michael] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Keller, Michael] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Rio Piedras, PR 00928 USA. [Keller, Michael] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Energia Nucl Agr, BR-13416000 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Silva, Hudson] Fed Univ Para, Santarem, Para, Brazil. RP Palace, M (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Morse Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM michael.palace@unh.edu RI Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Silva, Hudson/D-1564-2013 OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; NR 56 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 20 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 4 BP 873 EP 884 DI 10.1890/06-2022.1 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 306JD UT WOS:000256243200006 PM 18536249 ER PT J AU Grewell, BJ AF Grewell, Brenda J. TI Parasite facilitates plant species coexistence in a coastal wetland SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bodega Bay, California, USA; community structure; Cordylanthus maritimus ssp palustris; Cuscuta salina; facilitation; indirect effects; parasite-host interactions; parasitic plant; Plantago maritima; removal experiment; salt marsh; salt marsh dodder ID HERBIVORES; COMMUNITIES; COMPETITION; PATHOGENS; IMPACT; HOST; TREE AB Outbreaks of infectious agents in natural ecosystems are on the rise. Understanding host-pathogen interactions and their impact on community composition may be central to the conservation of biological diversity. Infectious agents can convey both exploitive and facilitative effects that regulate host populations and community structure. Parasitic angiosperms are highly conspicuous in many plant communities, and they provide a tractable model for understanding parasite effects in multispecies communities. I examined host identity and variation in host infectivity of a holoparasitic vine (Cuscuta salina) within a California salt marsh. In a two-year parasite removal experiment, I measured the effect of C. salina on its most frequent host, a rare hemiparasite, and the plant community. C. salina clearly suppressed the dominant host, but rare plant fitness and plant species diversity were enhanced through indirect effects. Priority effects played a role in the strength of the outcome due to the timing of life history characteristics. The differential influence of parasites on the fecundity of multiple hosts can change population dynamics, benefit rare species, and alter community structure. The continuum of negative to positive consequences of parasitic interactions deserves more attention if we are to understand community dynamics and successfully restore tidal wetlands. C1 [Grewell, Brenda J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Grewell, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS Exot & Invas Weeds Res, Dept Plant Sci, Mail Stop 4,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bjgrewell@ucdavis.edu NR 32 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 47 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 89 IS 6 BP 1481 EP 1488 DI 10.1890/07-0896.1 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 310OZ UT WOS:000256540300001 PM 18589512 ER PT J AU Fellman, JB Hood, E Edwards, RT D'Amore, DV AF Fellman, Jason B. Hood, Eran Edwards, Rick T. D'Amore, David V. TI Return of salmon-derived nutrients from the riparian zone to the stream during a storm in southeastern Alaska SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE pacific salmon; salmon-derived nutrients; riparian zone; dissolved organic matter; fluorescence spectroscopy and PARAFAC ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; COASTAL BRITISH-COLUMBIA; COHO SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; PACIFIC SALMON; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; SOUTHWEST ALASKA; SPAWNING SALMON; NATURAL-WATERS; FOOD WEBS AB Spawning salmon deliver nutrients (salmon-derived nutrients, SDN) to natal watersheds that can be incorporated into terrestrial and aquatic food webs, potentially increasing ecosystem productivity. Peterson Creek, a coastal watershed in southeast Alaska that supports several species of anadromous fish, was sampled over the course of a storm during September 2006 to test the hypothesis that stormflows re-introduce stored SDN into the stream. We used stable isotopes and PARAFAC modeling of fluorescence excitation-emission spectroscopy to detect flushing of DOM from salmon carcasses in the riparian zone back into a spawning stream. During the early storm hydrograph, streamwater concentrations of NH(4)-N and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), the fluorescent protein tyrosine and the delta(15)N content of DOM peaked, followed by a rapid decrease during maximum stormflow. Although delta(15)N has previously been used to track SDN in riparian zones, the use of fluorescence spectroscopy provides an independent indicator that SDN are being returned from the riparian zone to the stream after a period of intermediate storage outside the stream channel. Our findings further demonstrate the utility of using both delta(15)N of streamwater DOM and fluorescence spectroscopy with PARAFAC modeling to monitor how the pool of streamwater DOM changes in spawning salmon streams. C1 [Fellman, Jason B.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Hood, Eran] Univ Alaska SE, Environm Sci Program, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Edwards, Rick T.; D'Amore, David V.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Fellman, JB (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM fsjbf6@uaf.edu NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 4 BP 537 EP 544 DI 10.1007/s10021-008-9139-y PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 310KT UT WOS:000256529200003 ER PT J AU Hollingsworth, TN Schuur, EAG Chapin, FS Walker, MD AF Hollingsworth, T. N. Schuur, E. A. G. Chapin, F. S., III Walker, M. D. TI Plant community composition as a predictor of regional soil carbon storage in Alaskan boreal black spruce ecosystems SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE boreal carbon sequestration; ecosystem structure; ecosystem parameters; floristic composition; species diversity; functional groups ID INTERIOR ALASKA; VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS; SPECIES COMPOSITION; FOREST; PERMAFROST; PRODUCTIVITY; DYNAMICS; CLIMATE; PEATLANDS AB The boreal forest is the largest terrestrial biome in North America and holds a large portion of the world's reactive soil carbon. Therefore, understanding soil carbon accumulation on a landscape or regional scale across the boreal forest is useful for predicting future soil carbon storage. Here, we examined the relationship between floristic composition and ecosystem parameters, such as soil carbon pools, the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio of live black spruce needles, and normalized basal area increment (NBAI) of trees in black spruce communities, the most widespread forest type in the boreal forest of Alaska. Variability in ecosystem properties among black spruce stands was as large as that which had previously been documented among all forest types in the central interior of Alaska; we found an eightfold range in NBAI and fivefold range in mineral soil carbon and nitrogen pools. Acidic black spruce communities had significantly more carbon in the organic soil horizon than did nonacidic black spruce communities, but did not differ in any other measured ecosystem parameter. We explained 48% of the variation in total soil carbon with a combination of plant community indices and abiotic and biotic factors. Plant community composition was at least as effective as any single environmental factor or stand characteristic in predicting soil C pools in Alaskan black spruce ecosystems. We conclude that among the community properties analyzed, the presence of key groups of species, overall species composition, and diversity of certain functional types, especially Sphagnum moss species, are important predictors of soil carbon sequestration in the black spruce forest type. C1 [Hollingsworth, T. N.; Walker, M. D.] US Forest Serv, Boreal Ecol Cooperat Res Unit, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Schuur, E. A. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Bot, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Chapin, F. S., III] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Hollingsworth, TN (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Boreal Ecol Cooperat Res Unit, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM thollingsworth@fs.fed.us OI Chapin III, F Stuart/0000-0002-2558-9910 NR 43 TC 23 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 4 BP 629 EP 642 DI 10.1007/s10021-008-9147-y PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 310KT UT WOS:000256529200010 ER PT J AU Guyette, RP Dey, DC Stambaugh, MC AF Guyette, Richard P. Dey, Daniel C. Stambaugh, Michael C. TI The temporal distribution and carbon storage of large oak wood in streams and floodplain deposits SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE carbon; coarse woody debris; dendroecology; Holocene; Quercus; riparian ID QUEETS RIVER; AGE CALIBRATION; NORTH-AMERICA; GREAT-PLAINS; DEBRIS; FOREST; USA; WASHINGTON; LAKE; ECOSYSTEMS AB We used tree-ring dating and (14)C dating to document the temporal distribution and carbon storage of oak (Quercus spp.) wood in trees recruited and buried by streams and floodplains in northern Missouri, USA. Frequency distributions indicated that oak wood has been accumulating in Midwest streams continually since at least the late Pleistocene, about 14,000 calibrated radiocarbon years before present (cal. BP). The median residence time of an oak bole in the study streams was 3,515 years (n = 200). More than 30% of sampled oak wood entered the floodplain sediments and stream waters within the last 1,000 years, though very few samples dated to the last 150 years. Temporal variability in the record of oak recruitment to streams suggests a potentially strong influence from shifts in climate and fluvial processes, although other possible influences are addressed. Recent human impacts on streams have altered the dynamics of oak input and sequestered carbon with unknown long-term consequences. The long duration of carbon storage (mean age = 1,960 years) in this waterlogged environment appears to be strongly limited by decreasing wood density resulting from reductions in cell wall thickness. Lack of evidence of biotic degradation may imply that wood loss is largely due to abiotic hydrolyses. These findings document a continuous and long-term form of carbon storage that is sensitive to changes in climate and anthropogenic alteration of fluvial processes. C1 [Guyette, Richard P.; Stambaugh, Michael C.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Dey, Daniel C.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Guyette, RP (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, 203 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM guyetter@missouri.edu NR 54 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 4 BP 643 EP 653 DI 10.1007/s10021-008-9149-9 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 310KT UT WOS:000256529200011 ER PT J AU Nelder, MP Lloyd, JE Loftis, AD Reeves, WK AF Nelder, Mark P. Lloyd, John E. Loftis, Amanda D. Reeves, Will K. TI Coxiella burnetii in wild-caught filth flies SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID Q-FEVER C1 [Reeves, Will K.] Coll Agr, USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Nelder, Mark P.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Lloyd, John E.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Loftis, Amanda D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reeves, WK (reprint author), Coll Agr, USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, Dept 3354,1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM will.reeves@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2008 VL 14 IS 6 BP 1002 EP 1004 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 309MR UT WOS:000256465100037 PM 18507933 ER PT J AU Laugero, KD AF Laugero, Kevin D. TI Filling in the gaps of chronic psychological stress disease models: What's metabolic profiling have to do with it? SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID DISORDERS C1 Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Laugero, KD (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kevin.laugero@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 149 IS 6 BP 2712 EP 2713 DI 10.1210/en.2008-0328 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 303PP UT WOS:000256053100004 PM 18493025 ER PT J AU Janssen, T Meelkop, E Lindemans, M Verstraelen, K Husson, SJ Temmerman, L Nachman, RJ Schoofs, L AF Janssen, Tom Meelkop, Ellen Lindemans, Marleen Verstraelen, Karen Husson, Steven J. Temmerman, Liesbet Nachman, Ronald J. Schoofs, Liliane TI Discovery of a cholecystokinin-gastrin-like signaling system in nematodes SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SULFATED INSECT NEUROPEPTIDE; CRICKET GRYLLUS-BIMACULATUS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; ASCARIS-SUUM; C-ELEGANS; FOOD-INTAKE; FAT STORAGE; CALLIPHORA-VOMITORIA AB Members of the cholecystokinin (CCK)/gastrin family of peptides, including the arthropod sulfakinins, and their cognate receptors, play an important role in the regulation of feeding behavior and energy homeostasis. Despite many efforts after the discovery of CCK/gastrin immunoreactivity in nematodes 23 yr ago, the identity of these nematode CCK/gastrin-related peptides has remained a mystery ever since. The Caenorhabditis elegans genome contains two genes with high identity to the mammalian CCK receptors and their invertebrate counterparts, the sulfakinin receptors. By using the potential C. elegans CCK receptors as a fishing hook, we have isolated and identified two CCK-like neuropeptides encoded by neuropeptide-like protein- 12 (nlp-12) as the endogenous ligands of these receptors. The neuropeptide-like protein- 12 peptides have a very limited neuronal expression pattern, seem to occur in vivo in the unsulfated form, and react specifically with a human CCK-8 antibody. Both receptors and ligands share a high degree of structural similarity with their vertebrate and arthropod counterparts, and also display similar biological activities with respect to digestive enzyme secretion and fat storage. Our data indicate that the gastrin-CCK signaling system was already well established before the divergence of protostomes and deuterostomes. C1 [Janssen, Tom; Meelkop, Ellen; Lindemans, Marleen; Verstraelen, Karen; Husson, Steven J.; Temmerman, Liesbet; Schoofs, Liliane] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Biol, Funct Genom & Proteom Unit, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. [Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Janssen, T (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Biol, Funct Genom & Proteom Unit, Naamsestr 59, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. EM Tom.Janssen@bio.kuleuven.be RI Meelkop, Ellen/G-3052-2012; OI Temmerman, Liesbet/0000-0002-1249-3995 NR 106 TC 55 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 15 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 149 IS 6 BP 2826 EP 2839 DI 10.1210/en.2007-1772 PG 14 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 303PP UT WOS:000256053100020 PM 18339709 ER PT J AU Mansfield, S Hagler, JR Whitehouse, MEA AF Mansfield, Sarah Hagler, James R. Whitehouse, Mary E. A. TI A comparative study on the efficacy of a pest-specific and prey-marking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of predation SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Coleoptera; Coccinellidae; Dicranolaius bellulus; Hippodamia variegata; Melyridae; monoclonal antibody; predatory beetles; rabbit IgG; gut content analysis ID GUT CONTENT ELISA; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA LEPIDOPTERA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; ALTERNATIVE PREY; FEEDING-ACTIVITY; BEMISIA-TABACI; MEAL SIZE; NOCTUIDAE; COTTON AB The efficacy of two different antigen-antibody combinations to detect predation on eggs of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was compared. The first method was an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using monoclonal antibody-based gut content analysis that detects H. armigera egg protein. The second method was a sandwich ELISA that detects an exotic protein [rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG)] applied as an external marker to H. armigera eggs. The target predators were the predatory beetles Dicranolaius bellulus (Guerin-Meneville) (Coleoptera: Melyridae) and Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Beetles were fed with H. armigera eggs that had been marked with rabbit IgG and then held at various intervals after prey consumption. Each individual beetle was then assayed by both ELISA techniques to identify the prey remains in their guts. The two ELISA methods were further tested on field-collected predators. Specifically, protein-marked egg masses were strategically placed in a cotton field. Then, predators from surrounding cotton plants were collected at various time intervals after the marked eggs were exposed and assayed by both ELISAs to detect the frequency of predation on the marked eggs. The rabbit IgG-specific sandwich ELISA had a higher detection rate than the H. armigera-specific indirect ELISA under controlled and field conditions for both predator species. Moreover, a greater proportion of field-collected D. bellulus tested positive for predation than H. variegata. The advantages and disadvantages of using prey-marking ELISAs instead of pest-specific ELISA assays are discussed. C1 CSIRO Entomol, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia. Australian Cotton Cooperat Res Ctr, Australian Cotton Res Inst, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia. [Hagler, James R.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. RP Mansfield, S (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Fac Agr Food & Nat Resources, McMillan Bldg A05, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM s.mansfield@usyd.edu.au RI Whitehouse, Mary/C-2631-2009; Mansfield, Sarah/B-5224-2013 OI Mansfield, Sarah/0000-0002-7091-8445 NR 43 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 127 IS 3 BP 199 EP 206 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2008.00701.x PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 298QD UT WOS:000255701300005 ER PT J AU Okamoto, C Tsuda, K Yamaguchi, D Sato, S Pemberton, RW Yukawa, J AF Okamoto, Chie Tsuda, Kiyoshi Yamaguchi, Daisuke Sato, Shinsuke Pemberton, Robert W. Yukawa, Junichi TI Life history and host specificity of the Japanese flea beetles Trachyaphthona sordida and T-nigrita (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae), potential biological control agents against skunk vine, Paederia foetida (Rubiaceae), in the southeastern parts of the United States and Hawaii SO ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Alticinae; biological control; host specificity; life history; Paederia foetida; skunk vine; Trachyaphthona AB Skunk vine, Paederia foetida (Rubiaceae), is native to Asia and has been recognized as an invasive weedy vine of natural areas in Florida and Hawaii. Two insects, Trachyaphthona sordida and Trachyaphthona nigrita (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from Japan are being considered as potential biological control agents against skunk vine. To gather fundamental information on their biology, we carried out field surveys and laboratory experiments in Kyushu, southern Japan, between 2003 and 2006. We found that T sordida is commonly distributed in Kyushu and T nigrita is restricted to the southern parts of Kagoshima Prefecture on the southern part of Kyushu. These species are fundamentally univoltine and adults appear in late April to early July. Trachyaphthona sordida overwinters as mature larvae and T nigrita as mature larvae or rarely as adults. Larvae of both species feed on fine roots of P. foetida in the field and Serissa foetida (Rubiaceae) under rearing conditions, and they appear to have tribe-level host specificity in their host range. On the basis of these results, we suggest that both species are suitable as biological control agents. C1 [Yamaguchi, Daisuke; Sato, Shinsuke; Yukawa, Junichi] Kyushu Univ, Higashi Ku, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. [Okamoto, Chie] Kyushu Univ, Entomol Lab, Grad Sch Bioresource & Bioenvironm Sci, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. [Pemberton, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. RP Okamoto, C (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Higashi Ku, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. EM chienanoyo@yahoo.co.jp RI U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1343-8786 J9 ENTOMOL SCI JI Entomol. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 11 IS 2 BP 143 EP 152 DI 10.1111/j.1479-8298.2008.00266.x PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 323HH UT WOS:000257436700002 ER PT J AU Finley, AO Banerjee, S McRoberts, RE AF Finley, Andrew O. Banerjee, Sudipto McRoberts, Ronald E. TI A Bayesian approach to multi-source forest area estimation SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian inference; forest inventory; logistic model; Markov Chain; Monte Carlo; Metropolis-Hastings; spatial process models AB In efforts such as land use change monitoring, carbon budgeting, and forecasting ecological conditions and timber supply, there is increasing demand for regional and national data layers depicting forest cover. These data layers must permit small area estimates of forest area and, most importantly, provide associated error estimates. This paper presents a model-based approach for coupling mid-resolution satellite imagery with plot-based forest inventory data to produce estimates of probability of forest and associated error at the pixel-level. The proposed Bayesian hierarchical model provides access to each pixel's posterior predictive distribution allowing for a highly flexible analysis of pixel and multi-pixel areas of interest. The paper presents a trial using multiple dates of Landsat imagery and USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis plot data. The results describe the spatial dependence structure within the trial site, provide pixel and multi-pixel summaries of probability of forest land use, and explore discretization schemes of the posterior predictive distributions to forest and non-forest classes. Model prediction results of a holdout set analysis suggest the proposed model provides high classification accuracy, 88%, for the trial site. C1 [Finley, Andrew O.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Finley, Andrew O.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Banerjee, Sudipto] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [McRoberts, Ronald E.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, St Paul, MN USA. RP Finley, AO (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, 126 Nat Resources Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM finleya@msu.edu; Sudiptob@biostat.umn.edu; rmcroberts@fs.fed.us NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1352-8505 J9 ENVIRON ECOL STAT JI Environ. Ecol. Stat. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2 BP 241 EP 258 DI 10.1007/s10651-007-0049-5 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA 287FK UT WOS:000254902100007 ER PT J AU Meadows, DW Adams, SB Schaefer, JF AF Meadows, Dwayne W. Adams, Susan B. Schaefer, Jacob F. TI Threatened fishes of the world: Alosa alabamae (Jordan and Evermann, 1896) (Clupeidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Article C1 [Meadows, Dwayne W.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Protected Resources F PR3, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Adams, Susan B.] USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, So Res Stn, Forest Serv, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Schaefer, Jacob F.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. RP Meadows, DW (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Protected Resources F PR3, 1315 E W Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Dwayne.Meadows@noaa.gov RI Adams, Susan/C-3559-2008 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0378-1909 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD JUN PY 2008 VL 82 IS 2 BP 173 EP 174 DI 10.1007/s10641-007-9270-1 PG 2 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 291IX UT WOS:000255191300008 ER PT J AU Taylor, DB Berkebile, DR AF Taylor, David B. Berkebile, Dennis R. TI Sugar feeding in adult stable flies SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stomoxys; adult feeding; sugar; blood ID STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS DIPTERA; FLY DIPTERA; MUSCIDAE; BLOOD; REPRODUCTION; POPULATION; MOSQUITOS; NECTAR; TRAPS; BALES AB Adult stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans L.) are known to feed readily on sugars in the laboratory. However, little is known concerning the extent of stable fly sugar feeding in wild populations. We examined the frequency of sugar feeding in stable flies collected on Alsynite sticky traps in rural and urban environments. In addition, stable flies were visually examined to determine whether blood was present in the gut. In laboratory studies, sugars were detectable with the anthrone technique in stable flies for approximate to 3 d after being imbibed, and blood could be visually detected in the gut for 24-48 h after feeding. Twelve percent of the field-collected flies had detectable sugar with a higher percentage of the urban flies having sugar fed than the rural flies,21 and 8%, respectively. Female flies sugar fed at a slightly higher rate than males, 13 versus 11%, respectively. Less than 1% of the field-collected flies had blood in their guts. The frequency of observable blood was slightly higher in flies collected in an urban environment compared with those collected in a rural environment and did not differ between male and female flies. The number of flies with both blood and sugar was slightly higher than would be expected based on the frequencies of each alone. Seasonal patterns of both sugar feeding and blood feeding were similar in the rural and urban environments; both peaked in the early summer, May to mid-June, and dropped through the summer and fall. Sugar feeding in the urban environment increased again in October. C1 [Taylor, David B.; Berkebile, Dennis R.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Taylor, DB (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM dtaylor1@unl.edu RI Taylor, David/G-6025-2014 OI Taylor, David/0000-0002-4378-4867 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 625 EP 629 DI 10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[625:SFIASF]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336CS UT WOS:000258342500001 PM 18559167 ER PT J AU Amarasekare, KG Mannion, CM Osborne, LS Epsky, ND AF Amarasekare, Kaushalya G. Mannion, Catharine M. Osborne, Lance S. Epsky, Nancy D. TI Life history of Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera : pseudococcidae) on four host plant species under laboratory conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE development; hibiscus; plumeria; acalypha; parthenium ID PHENACOCCUS-MANIHOTI; CASSAVA MEALYBUG; HOMOPTERA; DIET AB Life history of the mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink, on three ornamental plants [Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Acalypha wilkesiana (Muell.-Arg.), and Plumeria rubra L.] and one weed species (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) was studied under laboratory conditions. Mealybugs were able to develop, survive, and reproduce on all four hosts; however, there were differences in the life history parameters. Adult females that developed on acalypha and parthenium emerged approximate to 1 d earlier than those that developed on hibiscus and plumeria. Adult males had a longer developmental time on plumeria than on the other hosts. Survival of first- and second-instar nymphs and cumulative adult survival were lowest on plumeria. Longevity was not affected by hosts for males and females and averaged 2.3 +/- 0.1 and 21.2 +/- 0.1 d, respectively. On plumeria, 58.9 1.7% of the adults were females, which was a higher female percentage than on the other hosts. No egg production occurred in virgin females. Prereproductive and reproductive periods of the females were not affected by hosts and averaged 6.3 +/- 0.1 and 11.2 +/- 0.1 d, respectively. Mean fecundity of 186.3 +/- 1.8 eggs on plumeria was lower than on the other three plant species. Life history parameters of P. marginatus on hibiscus, acalypha, plumeria, and parthenium show its ability to develop, survive, and reproduce on a wide variety of plant species. C1 [Amarasekare, Kaushalya G.; Mannion, Catharine M.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Osborne, Lance S.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Mid Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [Epsky, Nancy D.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Amarasekare, KG (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, 18905 SW 280th St, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. EM kaushi@ufl.edu NR 24 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 630 EP 635 DI 10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[630:LHOPMH]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336CS UT WOS:000258342500002 PM 18559168 ER PT J AU Keena, MA Cote, MJ Grinberg, PS Wallner, WE AF Keena, M. A. Cote, M. -J Grinberg, P. S. Wallner, W. E. TI World distribution of female flight and genetic variation in Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE female flight capability; Lymantria dispar; gypsy moth; dispersal; genetic variation ID GYPSY MOTHS LEPIDOPTERA; NORTH-AMERICA; DNA VARIATION; POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION; IDENTIFICATION; TEMPERATURES; DISPERSAL; RUSSIA; MARKER AB Female gypsy moths, Lymantria dispar L., from 46 geographic strains were evaluated for flight capability and related traits. Males from 31 of the same strains were evaluated for genetic diversity using two polymorphic cytochrome oxidase I mitochondrial DNA restriction sites, the nuclear FS1 marker, and four microsatellite loci. Females capable of strong directed flight were found in strains that originated from Asia, Siberia, and the northeastern parts of Europe, but flight capability was not fixed in most strains. No flight-capable females were found in strains from the United States or southern and western Europe. Wing size and musculature were shown to correlate with flight capability and potentially could be used in predicting female flight capability. The mtDNA haplotypes broadly separated the gypsy moth strains into three groups: North American, European / Siberian, and Asian. Specific microsatellite or FS1 alleles were only fixed in a few strains, and there was a gradual increase in the frequency of alleles dominant in Asia at both the nuclear and microsatellite loci moving geographically from west to east. When all the genetic marker information was used, 94% of the individuals were accurately assigned to their broad geographic group of origin (North American, European, Siberian, and Asian), but female flight capability could not be predicted accurately. This suggests that gene flow or barriers to it are important in determining the current distribution of flight-capable females and shows the need for added markers when trying to predict female flight capability in introduced populations, especially when a European origin is suspected. C1 [Keena, M. A.; Wallner, W. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, NE Ctr Forest Hlth Res, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. [Cote, M. -J] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ottawa Lab, Fallow Field, Ottawa, ON K2H 8P9, Canada. [Grinberg, P. S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Keena, MA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, NE Ctr Forest Hlth Res, 51 Mill Pond Rd, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. EM mkeena@fs.fed.us NR 57 TC 30 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 14 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 636 EP 649 DI 10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[636:WDOFFA]2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336CS UT WOS:000258342500003 PM 18559169 ER PT J AU Branson, DH AF Branson, David H. TI Influence of a large late summer precipitation event on food limitation and grasshopper population dynamics in a northern Great Plains grassland SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE food limitation; grasshoppers; insect population dynamics; precipitation; weather conditions ID AGENEOTETTIX-DEORUM ORTHOPTERA; LIFE-HISTORY RESPONSES; INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; NITROGEN LIMITATION; INSECT HERBIVORES; RESOURCE PULSES; DIET QUALITY; ACRIDIDAE; CLIMATE AB The complex interplay between grasshoppers, weather conditions, and plants that cause fluctuations in grasshopper populations remains poorly understood, and little is known about the ecological processes that generate grasshopper outbreaks. Grasshopper populations respond to interacting extrinsic and intrinsic factors, with yearly and decadal weather patterns and the timing of precipitation all potentially important. The effects of initial and increasing grasshopper densities on grasshopper survival and reproductive correlates were examined at a northern mixed-grass prairie site through manipulations of grasshopper densities inside 10-m(2) cages. High-quality grass growth occurred after a 9.1-cm mid-August rain. Reduced proportional survival was apparent in the two higher density treatments before the rain, indicative of food-limited density-dependent mortality. However, the large late summer rainfall event mediated the effects of exploitative competition on demographic characteristics because of the high-quality vegetation growth. This led to weaker effects of food limitation on survival and reproduction at the end of the experiment. The results indicate a direct link between weather variation, resource quality and grasshopper population dynamics led to a severe grasshopper outbreak and show that infrequent large precipitation events can have significant effects on population dynamics. Additional research is needed to examine the importance of infrequent large precipitation events on grasshopper population dynamics in grassland ecosystems. C1 USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Branson, DH (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM dave.branson@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 19 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 22 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 686 EP 695 DI 10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[686:IOALLS]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336CS UT WOS:000258342500008 PM 18559174 ER PT J AU Zhang, AJ Kuang, LF Maisin, N Karumuru, B Hall, DR Virdiana, I Lambert, S Bin Purung, H Wang, SF Hebbar, P AF Zhang, Aijun Kuang, Lip Foo Maisin, Navies Karumuru, Bhanu Hall, David R. Virdiana, Ike Lambert, Smilja Bin Purung, Hussin Wang, Shifa Hebbar, Prakash TI Activity evaluation of cocoa pod borer sex pheromone in cacao fields SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Conopomorpha cramerella; (E,Z,Z) and (E,E,Z)-4,6,10-hexadecatrienyl acetates; release rate; field activity; Theobroma cacao ID CONOPOMORPHA-CRAMERELLA; SABAH AB The previously identified female sex pheromone of cocoa pod borer, Conopomorpha cramerella, was re-evaluated for its attractive activity in different field conditions. It was found that lures containing 100-mu g of synthetic sex pheromone blend, (E,Z,Z)- and (E,E,Z)-4,6,10-hexadecatrienyl acetates, and the corresponding alcohols in a ratio of 40:60:4:6 in a polyethylene vial attracted male C. cramerella moths in Sabah and peninsular Malaysia and in Sumatra and Sulawesi, Indonesia, suggesting that the same pheromone strain existed in a wide stretch of the Indo-Malayan archipelago. Of the three kinds of trap designs tested, the Delta traps were more effective than Pherocon V scale traps. Male captures were not significantly different among traps baited with 100-, 300-, or 1,000-mu g doses of sex pheromone. A release rate study of pheromone formulation conducted in the laboratory showed that volatile active ingredients were desorbed from polyethylene vials following first-order kinetics, which indicates a satisfactory "half-life time" of a 100-mu g loading is approximate to 6 A under laboratory conditions. A satisfactory attractiveness of the lure with a 100-mu g loading was' approximate to 1-2 mo in the fields. C1 [Zhang, Aijun] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kuang, Lip Foo] Teck Guan Regency, Tawau 91007, Sabah, Malaysia. [Maisin, Navies] Cocoa Res & Dev Ctr, Malaysian Cocoa Board, Tawau 91012, Sabah, Malaysia. [Karumuru, Bhanu] Pest Control India Pvt Ltd BCRL, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Hall, David R.] Nat Resources Inst, Chatham ME4 4TB, Kent, England. [Virdiana, Ike] London Sumatra, Medan 20111, Sumatra, Indonesia. [Lambert, Smilja] Mars Snackfood Australia, Ballarat, Vic 3353, Australia. [Bin Purung, Hussin] Effem Foods SE Asia PT Effem, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. [Wang, Shifa] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Wang, Shifa] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Chem Engn, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Hebbar, Prakash] Mars Inc, Hackettstown, NJ 07840 USA. RP Zhang, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM aijun.zhang@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 719 EP 724 DI 10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[719:AEOCPB]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336CS UT WOS:000258342500011 PM 18559177 ER PT J AU Yokoyama, VY Rendon, PA Sivinsk, J AF Yokoyama, Victoria Y. Rendon, Pedro A. Sivinsk, John TI Psyttalia cf. concolor (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) for biological control of olive fruit fly (Diptera : Tephritidae) in California SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE larval parasitoid; Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin); Olea europaea L. ID CERATITIS-CAPITATA; POPULATIONS; COFFEE; OLEAE; PEST AB The larval parasitoid, Psyttalia cf. concolor (Szepligeti), reared on Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann), by the USDA-APHIS-PPQ, Guatemala City, Guatemala, was imported into California for biological control of olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin), in olives, Olea europaea L. Mean percentage parasitism of olive fruit fly third in stars infesting fruit in field cages ranged from 7.0 in Grapevine to 59.7 in Santa Barbara and in free releases ranged from 0 in Grapevine to 10.6 in Santa Barbara after 4- to 6-d exposures. In the laboratory, more parasitoids developed to adults in olive fruit fly larvae that were 11-13 d old than in larvae 8-10 d old. Adult parasitoids lived significantly longer when provided with water than adults without water in environmental chambers at 5 degrees C, 85% RH; 15 degrees C 65% RH; 25 degrees C, 25% RH; and 35 degrees C, 25% RH. Adult parasitoids lived for 48 d with honey for food and water and 32 d with food and sugar solution at 15 degrees C and 65% RH. Survival of adult parasitoids without food and water in greenhouse tests was approximate to 4 d in a simulated coastal climate and I d in a simulated inland valley climate and was significantly increased by providing food and water. The parasitoid did not develop in the beneficial seedhead fly, Chaetorellia succinea (Costa), in yellow star thistle. The rate of parasitism of walnut husk fly, Rhagoletis completa Cresson, larvae in green walnut husks was 28.4% in laboratory no-choice tests. In choice tests, the rate of parasitism of walnut husk fly versus olive fruit fly larvae in olives was 11.5 and 24.2%, respectively. C1 [Yokoyama, Victoria Y.; Rendon, Pedro A.; Sivinsk, John] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Yokoyama, VY (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM vyokoyama@fresno.ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 764 EP 773 DI 10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[764:PCCHBF]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336CS UT WOS:000258342500017 PM 18559183 ER PT J AU Nadel, H Seligmann, R Johnson, MW Hagler, JR Stenger, DC Groves, RL AF Nadel, H. Seligmann, R. Johnson, M. W. Hagler, J. R. Stenger, D. C. Groves, R. L. TI Effects of citrus and avocado irrigation and nitrogen-form soil amendment on host selection by adult Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera : Cicadellidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE regulated water deficit; glassy-winged sharpshooter; Xylella fastidiosa; choice tests ID GLASSY-WINGED SHARPSHOOTER; XYLEM FEEDING LEAFHOPPER; COAGULATA HEMIPTERA; DEFICIT IRRIGATION; PIERCES-DISEASE; AMINO-ACIDS; ONCOMETOPIA-NIGRICANS; VARIEGATED CHLOROSIS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; DIURNAL-VARIATIONS AB Host plant water status is thought to influence dispersal of the xylophagous leafhopper Homalodisca vitripennis Germar, especially where plants are grown under high evaporative demand. Preference by adult H. vitripennis for plants grown under different water deficit and nitrogen form fertilization regimens was studied under laboratory conditions.. Leafhopper abundance and ovipositional preference were studied on potted 'Washington navel' orange and 'Haas' avocado in cage choice tests, and feeding rate was estimated using excreta produced by insects confined on plants. A similar study compared responses to citrus treated with 1:1 and 26:1 ratios of fertigated nitrate-N to ammonium-N. The insects were more abundant, oviposited, and fed significantly more on surplus-irrigated plants than on plants under moderate continuous deficit irrigation except avocado feeding, which was nearly significant. Plants exposed to drought became less preferred after 3 and 7 d in avocado and citrus, respectively. Citrus xylem fluid tension at this point was estimated at 0.93 MPa. A corresponding pattern of decline in feeding rate was observed on citrus, but on avocado, feeding rate was low overall and not statistically different between treatments. No statistical differences in abundance, oviposition, or feeding were detected on citrus fertigated with 26:1 or 1:1 ratios of nitrate-N to ammonium-N. Feeding occurred diurnally on both plant species. Discussion is provided on the potential deployment of regulated deficit irrigation to manage H. vitripennis movement as part of a multitactic effort to minimize the risk of disease outbreaks from Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. in southern California agriculture. C1 [Groves, R. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Nadel, H.; Stenger, D. C.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Seligmann, R.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Agr, Smith Inst Plant Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Johnson, M. W.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hagler, J. R.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. RP Groves, RL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM groves@entomology.wisc.edu NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 18 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 787 EP 795 DI 10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[787:EOCAAI]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336CS UT WOS:000258342500020 PM 18559186 ER PT J AU Allender, CJ Clancy, KM Degomez, TE McMillin, JD Woolbright, SA Keim, P Wagner, DM AF Allender, Christopher J. Clancy, Karen M. Degomez, Tom E. McMillin, Joel D. Woolbright, Scott A. Keim, Paul Wagner, David M. TI Lack of genetic differentiation in aggressive and secondary bark beetles (Coleoptera : Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from Arizona SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dendroctonus brevicomis; D. frontalls; Ips pini; amplified fragment length polymorphism; genetic differentiation ID COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; AFLP MARKERS; PHYLOGENY; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; PLANT; DNA AB Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) play an important role as disturbance agents in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex Lawson) forests of Arizona. However, from 2001 to 2003, elevated bark beetle activity caused unprecedented levels of ponderosa pine mortality. A better understanding of the population structure of these species will facilitate analysis of their dispersal patterns and improve management strategies. Here, we use fluorescently labeled amplified fragment length polymorphism (fAFLP) analysis to resolve genetic variation among and within sampling locations in northcentral Arizona of Ips pini (Say), Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, and D. frontalis Zimmermann. We generated genetic fingerprints for > 500 beetle specimens and analyzed genetic diversity. For all species, gene flow estimates among sampling locations were high, and significant population subdivision was not discernible across a large portion of ponderosa pine forests in Arizona. However, a weak relationship was detected with L pini population structure and elevation. Because of the lack of genetic differentiation detected throughout the large study area, our findings suggest these insects are capable of long distance dispersal and exhibit a high degree of gene flow across abroad region. We conclude that our results are consistent with strong dispersal patterns and large population sizes of all three species. C1 [Allender, Christopher J.; Woolbright, Scott A.; Keim, Paul; Wagner, David M.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Clancy, Karen M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Degomez, Tom E.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [McMillin, Joel D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Wagner, DM (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM Dave.Wagner@NAU.EDU RI Wagner, David/A-5125-2010; Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010; Woolbright, Scott/B-4354-2012 OI Woolbright, Scott/0000-0002-7886-1009 NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 817 EP 824 DI 10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[817:LOGDIA]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336CS UT WOS:000258342500023 PM 18559189 ER PT J AU Duan, JJ Teixeira, D Huesing, JE Jiang, CJ AF Duan, Jian J. Teixeira, Debra Huesing, Joseph E. Jiang, Changjian TI Assessing the risk to nontarget organisms from Bt corn resistant to corn rootworms (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae): Tier-I testing with orius insidiosus (Heteroptera : Anthocoridae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cry3Bb1; potassium arsenate; protease inhibitor; biotechnology; nontarget organisms ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS CORN; APHIS-GLYCINES MATSUMURA; SOYBEAN APHID; TRANSGENIC CROPS; FEEDING-HABITS; LYGUS-HESPERUS; PREDATORS; ARTHROPODS; HEMIPTERA; ENDOTOXINS AB A 14-d continuous dietary exposure bioassay using nymphs of the insidious flower bug, Orius insidiosus (Say) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), was conducted to assess nontarget impacts of genetically modified corn event MON 863 expressing the Cry3Bb1 protein for management of corn rootworms, Diabrotica spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Nymphs of O. insidiosus were continuously fed a bee pollen diet inoculated with a maximum hazard exposure dose (930 mu g/g of diet) of the Cry3Bb1 protein for 14 d. The Cry3Bb1 protein at a concentration of 930 mu g/g of diet had no adverse effect on the survival and development (to adults) of O. insidiosus nymphs. In contrast, when O. insidiosus nymphs were fed bee pollen diet treated with a hazard dose of the protease inhibitor E64 (53 mu g/g of diet) or the stomach poison potassium arsenate (8.9 mu g/g of diet), all nymphs died before developing to adults. Furthermore, statistical power analysis indicated that at levels of 80% power and a 5% type I error rate, the study design would have been able to detect a minimum 30% reduction in survival of test nymphs and a 20% reduction in nymphal development to the adults relative to the buffer control groups. Based on the maximum level (93 mu g/g) of the Cry3Bb1 protein expressed in MON 863 corn tissues including leaves, roots, and pollen, findings from this study indicate that corn hybrids containing the MON 863 event have a minimum 10 times safety factor for nymphs of O. insidiosus and thus pose minimal risk to this beneficial insect. C1 [Duan, Jian J.; Huesing, Joseph E.; Jiang, Changjian] Monsanto Co, Regulatory Environm Technol Ctr V2C, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. [Teixeira, Debra] Massachusetts Res Ctr, Springborn Smithers Labs, Wareham, MA 02571 USA. RP Duan, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beneficial Insect Introduct Res Unit, 501 S Chapel St, Newark, DE 19713 USA. EM jian.duan@ars.usda.com NR 37 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 838 EP 844 DI 10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[838:ATRTNO]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336CS UT WOS:000258342500025 PM 18559191 ER PT J AU Santiago, LE Gonzalez-Caban, A Loomis, J AF Santiago, Luis E. Gonzalez-Caban, Armando Loomis, John TI A model for predicting daily peak visitation and implications for recreation management and water quality: Evidence from two rivers in Puerto Rico SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE visitation model; recreation management; water quality; river visitation; recreation impact analysis; visitor satisfaction; tropical rivers; turbidity; environmental carrying capacity; Puerto Rico; use levels; social carrying capacity; peak visitation; Mameyes River; Espiritu Santo River ID IMPACTS; NORMS AB Visitor use surveys and water quality data indicates that high visitor use levels of two rivers in Puerto Rico does not appear to adversely affect several water quality parameters. Optimum visitor use to maximize visitor defined satisfaction is a more constraining limit on visitor use than water quality. Our multiple regression analysis suggests that visitor use of about 150 visitors per day yields the highest level of visitor reported satisfaction, a level that does not appear to affect turbidity of the river. This high level of visitor use may be related to the gregarious nature of Puerto Ricans and their tolerance for crowding on this densely populated island. The daily peak visitation model indicates that regulating the number of parking spaces may be the most effective way to keep visitor use within the social carrying capacity. C1 [Santiago, Luis E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Grad Sch Planning, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Gonzalez-Caban, Armando] US Forest Serv, Forest Fire Lab, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Loomis, John] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Santiago, LE (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Grad Sch Planning, POB 23500, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. EM lesantiago@uprrp.edu NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 41 IS 6 BP 904 EP 914 DI 10.1007/s00267-008-9079-5 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 303PX UT WOS:000256054000010 PM 18330620 ER PT J AU Meng, H Green, TR Saias, JD Ahuja, LR AF Meng, H. Green, T. R. Saias, J. D. Ahuja, L. R. TI Development and testing of a terrain-based hydrologic model for spatial Hortonian Infiltration and Runoff/On SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE infiltration; Hortonian runoff; model development; calibration; model testing ID CATCHMENT MODEL; OVERLAND-FLOW; SIMULATIONS; TIME; UNCERTAINTY; PREDICTION; NETWORKS; AREAS; TOOL AB Efficient numerical simulation of process interactions between infiltration and Hortonian runoff is needed to evaluate patterns of internal state variables and fluxes within a watershed. A fully distributed rainfall-runoff model was developed for event-based studies of space-time watershed processes. A routing hierarchy was defined over the watershed using the D-infinity contributing area algorithm. Computation of ponding time was included to handle variable run-on and rainfall intensity. The Green-Ampt model was adopted to calculate surface infiltration, and the kinematic wave model was used to route Hortonian runoff and channel flow. The model can handle input rainfall, soil parameters, and other properties that vary in space and time. The model was tested first against analytical solutions for idealized overland planes. After a sensitivity analysis to identify the most significant parameters, it was then calibrated and verified using rainfall and strearnflow data from the USDA-ARS Walnut Gulch experimental watershed in Arizona, USA. The coefficients of efficiency for runoff volume, peak flow, and time to peak flow with respect to calibration/validation are 0.95/0.65, 0.85/0.09, and 0.69/0.88, respectively. Example applications of the model show its potential for simulating internal states and fluxes. The open-source model is provided for space-time simulation and scaling of event-based Hortonian runoff and infiltration. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Green, T. R.; Ahuja, L. R.] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. CSU, Fac Affiliate, Dept Civil Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Meng, H.; Saias, J. D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Green, TR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM tim.green@ars.usda.gov RI Meng, Huan/F-5613-2010; Green, Timothy/E-1178-2011 OI Meng, Huan/0000-0001-6449-890X; NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 6 BP 794 EP 812 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2007.09.014 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 276LR UT WOS:000254144000010 ER PT J AU McCarty, JC Wu, JX Jenkins, JN AF McCarty, Jack C. Wu, Jixiang Jenkins, Johnie N. TI Genetic association of cotton yield with its component traits in derived primitive accessions crossed by elite upland cultivars using the conditional ADAA genetic model SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE contribution ratio; conditional genetic model; cotton yield traits; upland cotton ID DAY-NEUTRAL GENES; X ADDITIVE-MODEL; VARIANCE-COMPONENTS; PATH ANALYSES; FIBER TRAITS; LINT YIELD; VICIA-FABA; POPULATION; GERMPLASM; INTROGRESSION AB Boll number, lint percentage, and boll weight are three component traits for lint yield of upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. Selecting high yielding lines or hybrids depends on the ability to dissect the genetic relationship of lint yield with these component traits. In this study, 14 day-neutral lines with desirable fiber quality derived from primitive accessions were top crossed with five commercial cultivars. The F(2) populations and parents were grown in one location in 1998 and two locations in 1999 at Mississippi State, MS. The F(3) populations and parents were grown in two locations in 2000. Lint yield and three component traits were measured and analyzed by the ADAA genetic model with the mixed model based conditional approach. Results showed that boll number or boll number with lint percentage or boll weight contributed to the majority of the phenotypic variance and variance components for lint yield. Boll number was more important than the other two component traits in terms of various genetic effects. The results also showed that the combination of boll number and boll weight greatly increased the contribution to lint yield even though boll weight itself had no significant contribution to lint yield compared to boll number alone. The genetic contribution effects were also predicted due to single component traits or their combinations for parents and crosses. The results revealed that the balanced selection of boll weight and boll number should be considered to obtain high yielding hybrids or pure lines. C1 [McCarty, Jack C.; Jenkins, Johnie N.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wu, Jixiang] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP McCarty, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM JMcCarty@ars.usda.gov RI Wu, Jixiang/C-4084-2009 NR 45 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUN PY 2008 VL 161 IS 3 BP 337 EP 352 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9562-8 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 294LS UT WOS:000255408100004 ER PT J AU Guo, YF Saha, S Yu, JZ Jenkins, JN Kohel, RJ Scheffler, BE Stelly, DM AF Guo, Yufang Saha, Sukumar Yu, John Z. Jenkins, Johnie N. Kohel, Russell J. Scheffler, Brian E. Stelly, David M. TI BAC-derived SSR markers chromosome locations in cotton SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE BAC-derived SSR; chromosome location; cotton (Gossypium); aneuploid lines ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; ALLOTETRAPLOID COTTON; GENOME; MAP; ASSIGNMENT; MICROSATELLITES; GENE; POPULATION AB Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries with large DNA fragment inserts have rapidly become the preferred choice for physical mapping. BAC-derived microsatellite or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers facilitate the integration of physical maps with genetic maps. The objective of this research was to identify chromosome locations of the BAC-derived SSR markers in tetraploid cotton. A total of 192 SSR primer pairs were derived from BAC clones of an Upland cotton genetic standard line TM-1 (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Metaphor agarose gel electrophoresis results revealed 76 and 59 polymorphic markers between TM-1 and 3-79 (G. barbadense) or G. tomentosum, respectively. Using deletion analysis method, we assigned 39 markers out of the 192 primer pairs to 17 different chromosomes or chromosome arms. Among them, 19 and 17 markers were localized to A-subgenomes (chromosome 1-13) and D-subgenomes (chromosome 14-26), respectively. The subgenome status for the remaining three markers remained unclear due to their two potential chromosome locations achieved by tertiary monosomic stocks deletion analysis. Chromosomal assignment of these BAC-derived SSR markers will help in integrating physical and cotton genetic linkage maps and thus facilitate positional candidate gene cloning, comparative genome analysis, and the coordination of chromosome-based genome sequencing project in cotton. C1 [Saha, Sukumar; Jenkins, Johnie N.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Guo, Yufang] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Yu, John Z.; Kohel, Russell J.] USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] USDA ARS CGRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Stelly, David M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Saha, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Sukumar.Saha@ars.usda.gov RI Guo, Yufang/G-9363-2011; OI Stelly, David/0000-0002-3468-4119; Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUN PY 2008 VL 161 IS 3 BP 361 EP 370 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9585-1 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 294LS UT WOS:000255408100006 ER PT J AU Jaradat, AA Rinke, JL AF Jaradat, Abdullah A. Rinke, Jana L. TI Flowering, capsule and seed characteristics in Cuphea SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE phenolgy; flower dynamics; capsule dynamics; seed characteristics; sensitivity analysis ID REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; GROWTH; PLANT; DENSITY; IMAGES; NUMBER; SIZE; MASS AB We modeled the flowering and capsule set dynamics, quantified the level of variation in seed characteristics, elucidated the inter-relationships between seed and capsule physical dimensions, and quantified their impact on single seed weight in the cuphea germplasm line PSR23. Temporal patterns of flowering and capsule set were largely time-dependent and highly auto-correlated, with significant autoregressive parameters of number of flowers (0.76) and number of capsules (0.74). Large numbers of seeds per capsule were associated with large coefficient of variation in single seed weight. Seed number and seed weight per capsule, when log-transformed, exhibited a slope of -0.65 indicating that cuphea plants have only a limited capacity to maintain seed weight by adjusting seed number if resources vary. Capsule tissue/seed weight ratio and number of seeds per capsule have the largest potential impact on single seed weight. Sensitivity analyses indicated that capsule perimeter (>76 mm), capsule major (>23 mm) and minor axes (>7.0 mm), capsule circularity (between 0.350 and 0.375), capsule area (< 85 mm(2)), capsule tissue/seed weight ratio (< 0.40), and number of seeds per capsule (similar to 9.0) would optimize single seed weight. This information would help plant breeders exploit genotypic variability in seed and capsule characteristics and agronomists identify optimum trait combinations to produce high yields of this potential oilseed crop. C1 [Jaradat, Abdullah A.; Rinke, Jana L.] USDA ARS, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Jaradat, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM Abdullah.Jaradat@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUN PY 2008 VL 161 IS 3 BP 447 EP 459 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9625-x PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 294LS UT WOS:000255408100014 ER PT J AU Ritland, LM Alekel, DL Matvienko, OA Hanson, KB Stewart, JW Hanson, LN Reddy, MB Van Loan, MD Genschel, U AF Ritland, Laura M. Alekel, D. Lee Matvienko, Oksana A. Hanson, Kathy B. Stewart, Jeanne W. Hanson, Laura N. Reddy, Manju B. Van Loan, Marta D. Genschel, Ulrike TI Centrally located body fat is related to appetitive hormones in healthy postmenopausal women SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLASMA GHRELIN LEVELS; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; LEPTIN CONCENTRATIONS; PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; METABOLIC SYNDROME; ADIPONECTIN LEVELS; MENOPAUSE; MASS; PROTEIN AB Objective: Body composition and energy homeostasis are thought to affect the appetitive hormones: adiponectin, leptin. insulin, and ghrelin. This study examined whether centrally located fat and/or overall adiposity were related to these appetitive hormones in healthy postmenopausal women. Design: Overall and regional body composition was assessed by dual-energy X ray absorptiometry in relation to plasma adiponectin, serum leptin, serum insulin. and plasma ghrelin in 242 postmenopausal women. Results: Regression analyses revealed that the androidal-to-gynoidal fat mass ratio (18.0%), age (3.2%). and white blood cell count (1.8%) accounted for 28%, of the variability in adiponectin (F=22.2: P<0.0001); androidal (waist+hip) fat mass (66.0%), androidal fat mass 2 (6.2%). whole-body lean mass (2.2%)), and age (0.8%) accounted for 69%) of the variability in leptin (F=102.5: P<0.0001). Regression analyses revealed that sagittal abdominal diameter (8.4%)). glucose (5.4%). white blood cell count (2.6'%), and dietary omega-3 fatty acids (2.0%) accounted for 32% of the variability in insulin (F=20.8: P<0.0001.): waist circumference (12.7%), hip lean mass (2.0%), and white blood cell count (1.9%) accounted for 26% of the variability in ghrelin (F=20.7: P<0.000.1). Our results indicated that centralized fat mass was the primary contributor to these appetitive hormones in healthy postmenopausal women. Conclusion: Since central adiposity in postmenopausal women was related to appetitive hormones, minimizing weight gain during the menopausal transition may optimize appetitive hormones. thereby facilitating appetite control and weight maintenance. C1 [Ritland, Laura M.; Alekel, D. Lee; Hanson, Kathy B.; Stewart, Jeanne W.; Hanson, Laura N.; Reddy, Manju B.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Human Metab Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Matvienko, Oksana A.] Univ No Iowa, Sch Hlth Phys Educ & Leisure Serv, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 USA. [Van Loan, Marta D.] Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Genschel, Ulrike] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Alekel, DL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Human Metab Unit, 1115 Human Nutr Sci Bldg, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM alekel@iastate.edu FU NCCIH NIH HHS [95P50AT004155, P50 AT004155-06, P50 AT004155]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR019975, 1M01RR19975-01]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR046922, R01 AR046922 A2, R01 AR046922-02]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P01 ES012020-01, P01 ES012020] NR 40 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD PI BRISTOL PA EURO HOUSE, 22 APEX COURT WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4JT, ENGLAND SN 0804-4643 EI 1479-683X J9 EUR J ENDOCRINOL JI Eur. J. Endocrinol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 158 IS 6 BP 889 EP 897 DI 10.1530/EJE-07-0836 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 314MF UT WOS:000256812800014 PM 18390991 ER PT J AU Ai, CX Yu, XM Dahlenburg, A Zhao, HJ Zhao, Y Liu, QZ AF Ai, C. X. Yu, X. M. Dahlenburg, A. Zhao, H. J. Zhao, Y. Liu, Q. Z. TI Development and characterization of SSR markers in Chinese cherry (Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl.) SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dinucleotide; chemiluminescence detection; DNA-typing; polymorphism; cultivar characterization ID SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEATS; SWEET CHERRY; AVIUM L.; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; DNA POLYMORPHISMS; LINKAGE MAP; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; PLANTS; PEACH AB 24 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were isolated and characterized in P. pseudocerasus LindI. from the cultivar 'Laiyang Short cherry. To amplify SSR loci primers were developed to flank each repeat region. and they were initially tested on 6 cherry samples using chemiluminescence detection. 18 loci where shown to be polymorphic and the number of alleles detected per locus varied from 2 to 6. 12 loci were chosen for the analysis of 26 cultivars grown in North China using the semi-automatic system ABI PRISM 377. These 12 markers showed a high level of genetic polymorphism with a total of 75 alleles; the number of alleles ranged from 4 to 10 per locus, with an average level of 6.3. The mean expected and observed heterozygosity was 0.743 (range: 0.680-0.845) and 0.829 (range: 0.730-0.930) respectively. The estimated frequency of null alleles showed a positive value for 3 loci, but except for 1 locus, the values were very low. The total value for the probability of identity was 7.01x10(-13). Paternity exclusion probability was very high (0.999), sufficiently high to study pollen flow. C1 [Ai, C. X.; Liu, Q. Z.] Shandong Inst Pomol, Tai An 271000, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Yu, X. M.] Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Inst Environm & Plant Protect, Danzhou 571737, Peoples R China. [Dahlenburg, A.] S Australian Res & Dev Inst, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. [Zhao, H. J.] Shandong Acad Agr Sci, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Y.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ai, CX (reprint author), Shandong Inst Pomol, 64 Longtan Rd, Tai An 271000, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM chengxiang_75@163.com; qzliu@sdip.cn NR 29 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EUGEN ULMER GMBH CO PI STUTTGART PA POSTFACH 700561 WOLLGRASWEG 41, D-70599 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 1611-4426 J9 EUR J HORTIC SCI JI Eur. J. Hortic. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 73 IS 3 BP 104 EP 110 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 330WU UT WOS:000257974300002 ER PT J AU McKeown, NM Jacques, PF Zhang, XLL Juan, WY Sahyoun, NR AF McKeown, Nicola M. Jacques, Paul F. Zhang, Xinli L. Juan, Wenyen Sahyoun, Nadine R. TI Dietary magnesium intake is related to metabolic syndrome in older Americans SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE dietary magnesium; metabolic syndrome; older adults ID DIABETIC SUBJECTS; INSULIN; ADULTS; SERUM; GLUCOSE; SUPPLEMENTATION; CHOLESTEROL; METAANALYSIS; DISEASE; WOMEN AB Background Magnesium (Mg) is an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in glucose and insulin metabolism. Low intakes of dietary magnesium may be linked to greater risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) in older adults. Aim of the study The objective of this study was to examine the cross-sectional relationship between dietary Mg intake, metabolic risk factors and MS in elderly adults. Methods This study was conducted in a sample of 535 (179 men and 356 women) community-living adults aged 60 years and in Boston Massachusetts between the years 1981 and 1984. Dietary Mg intake was assessed by a 3-day food record and categorized by quartiles of dietary intake. The MS was defined based on criteria set by the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program except that body mass index was used in place of waist circumference. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between quartile categories of Mg intake, prevalence of MS and components of the MS. Models were adjusted for age, gender, BMI, race, educational attainment, marital status, smoking status, alcohol intake, exercise, energy intake, percentage of calories from saturated fat, use of antihypertensive or lipid medication. Results Mg intake was inversely associated with the MS; those with the highest intake of Mg had significantly lower risk of having MS compared to the lowest quartile of intake (OR: 0.36, 95% CI 0.19-0.69, P for trend 0.002). Significant inverse relationships were observed between Mg intake and BMI (OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.22-1.00, P trend = 0.03), and fasting glucose (OR: 0.41, 95% CI 0.22-0.77, P trend = 0.005). Conclusions Our study demonstrates that Mg intake is inversely associated with prevalence of the MS in older adults. Older adults should be encouraged to eat foods rich in Mg, such as green vegetables, legumes and whole-grains. C1 [McKeown, Nicola M.; Jacques, Paul F.] Tufts Univ, Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr, Nutrit Epidemiol Dept, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Zhang, Xinli L.; Sahyoun, Nadine R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Juan, Wenyen] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Arlington, VA USA. RP McKeown, NM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr, Nutrit Epidemiol Dept, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM nicola.mckeown@tufts.edu NR 30 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PO BOX 10 04 62, D-64204 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 1436-6207 J9 EUR J NUTR JI Eur. J. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 4 BP 210 EP 216 DI 10.1007/s00394-008-0715-x PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 316DD UT WOS:000256928200005 PM 18560789 ER PT J AU Zhou, YH Kuster, HK Pettis, JS Danka, RG Gleason, JM Greenfield, MD AF Zhou, Yihong Kuster, Heidi K. Pettis, Jeffrey S. Danka, Robert G. Gleason, Jennifer M. Greenfield, Michael D. TI Reaction norm variants for male calling song in populations of Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae): Toward a resolution of the lek paradox SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE acoustic communication; mate choice; phenotypic plasticity; sexual selection; signal evolution ID GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; SEXUALLY SELECTED TRAITS; CONDITION-DEPENDENT TRAITS; QUANTITATIVE GENETICS; MATE-CHOICE; WAX MOTHS; FEMALE CHOICE; ULTRASONIC ADVERTISEMENT; FLUCTUATING ENVIRONMENT; POLYGENIC VARIATION AB Significant additive genetic variance often occurs for male advertisement traits in spite of the directional selection imposed by female choice, a problem generally known in evolutionary biology as the lek paradox. One hypothesis, which has limited support from recent studies, for the resolution of this paradox is the role of genotype x environment interaction in which no one genotype exhibits the superior performance in all environments-a crossover of reaction norms. However, these studies have not characterized the actual variation of reaction norms present in natural populations, and the extent to which crossover maintains genetic variance remains unknown. Here, we present a study of genotype x environment interaction for the male calling song in populations of Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae; lesser waxmoth). We report significant variance among reaction norms for male calling song in two North American populations of A. grisella as measured along temperature, food availability, and density gradients, and there is a relatively high incidence of crossover of the temperature reaction norms. This range of reaction norm variants and their crossover may reflect the co-occurrence of plastic and canalized genotypes, and we argue that the different responses of these variants along environmental gradients may contribute toward the maintenance of genetic variance for male song. C1 [Zhou, Yihong; Kuster, Heidi K.; Gleason, Jennifer M.; Greenfield, Michael D.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Pettis, Jeffrey S.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Danka, Robert G.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Greenfield, Michael D.] Univ Tours, CNRS, UMR 6035, Inst Rech Biol Insecte, F-37200 Tours, France. RP Zhou, YH (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM zhouyh@ku.edu; michael.greenfield@univ-tours.fr RI Gleason, Jennifer/E-7089-2012; OI Gleason, Jennifer/0000-0002-0544-3404; Greenfield, Michael/0000-0003-1935-3423 NR 70 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 16 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-3820 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD JUN PY 2008 VL 62 IS 6 BP 1317 EP 1334 DI 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00371.x PG 18 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 307YU UT WOS:000256356300004 PM 18346222 ER PT J AU King, SM Donangelo, CM Knutson, MD Walter, PB Ames, BN Viteri, FE King, JC AF King, Sarah M. Donangelo, Carmen M. Knutson, Mitchell D. Walter, Patrick B. Ames, Bruce N. Viteri, Fernando E. King, Janet C. TI Daily supplementation with iron increases lipid peroxidation in young women with low iron stores SO EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE iron; supplements; malondialdehyde; breath ethane; lipid peroxidation; oxidative stress; iron status; women ID NONTRANSFERRIN-BOUND IRON; FERROUS SULFATE; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BETA-THALASSEMIA; MEASURING ETHANE; RELIABLE METHOD; EXPIRED AIR; PLASMA; HEMOCHROMATOSIS AB The aim of this study was to determine whether women with low iron stores (plasma ferritin <= 20 mu g/L) receiving a daily iron supplement for 8 wks at a level commonly used to treat poor iron status develop increased lipid peroxidation as measured by ethane exhalation rates and plasma malondialdehyde. The women served as their own control as pre- and post-supplementation periods were compared. Twelve women participated in the study for a 70-day period and consumed daily iron supplements (98 mg of iron as ferrous sulfate) from day 14 to day 70. Baseline blood and expired air samples were obtained on days 1 and 14; measurements during supplementation were performed on days 56 and 70, that is at 6 and 8 weeks of supplementation. Iron status improved during the iron supplementation period; biochemical indicators of lipid peroxidation also increased. After 6 wks of iron supplementation, serum ferritin almost doubled and body, iron more than doubled. Hemoglobin levels increased slightly and other indicators of iron status became normal. However, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and breath ethane exhalation rates (BEER) increased by more than 40% between baseline and 6 wks of supplementation; these increases correlated significantly with plasma iron and ferritin levels. MDA was positively correlated with BEER. BEER increased further after 8 wks of iron supplementation. The increased indicators of lipid peroxidation with duration of supplementation and as iron status improved suggest that providing daily nearly 100 mg iron may not be a totally innocuous regimen for correcting iron depletion in women. C1 [King, Sarah M.; Knutson, Mitchell D.; Viteri, Fernando E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutr Sci & Toxicol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Donangelo, Carmen M.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Lab Bioquim Nutr & Alimentos, Dept Bioquim, Inst Quim, BR-21949900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Walter, Patrick B.; Ames, Bruce N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [King, Janet C.] Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Viteri, FE (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. EM fviteri@chori.org RI Walter, Patrick/A-4117-2011 NR 34 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY MEDICINE PI MAYWOOD PA 195 WEST SPRING VALLEY AVE, MAYWOOD, NJ 07607-1727 USA SN 1535-3702 J9 EXP BIOL MED JI Exp. Biol. Med. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 233 IS 6 BP 701 EP 707 DI 10.3181/0708-RM-233 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 305HC UT WOS:000256167900008 PM 18408148 ER PT J AU Xue, RD Ali, A Barnard, DR AF Xue, Rui-De Ali, Arshad Barnard, Donald R. TI Host species diversity and post-blood feeding carbohydrate availability enhance survival of females and fecundity in Aedes albopictus (Diptera : Culicidae) SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mosquitoes; Aedes albopictus; diverse blood meals; reproduction; adult female longevity ID AEGYPTI DIPTERA; BODY-SIZE; GONOTROPHIC CYCLE; ANOPHELES; AGE; REPELLENCY; SUGAR; NORTH; MEALS AB Aedes albopictus mosquito is an opportunistic blood feeder and has a broad host range. The feeding behavior and habits of this mosquito are liable to increase the transmission potential of arboviruses. The survival and fecundity in A. albopictus fed on different hosts and post-blood meal provision of sugar were investigated in a laboratory-reared colony. Adult survival of caged female A. albopictus that were fed on blood of two different hosts (double meal) was higher than the females fed only on one host (single meal) (mean survival: 70.2 +/- 9.6 vs. 55.5 +/- 5.5%, respectively) when held in the laboratory for 72 h after blood feeding. Mean survival of females provided 10% sucrose solution (in water) after a single or double blood meal was higher (90.5 +/- 6.4% and 89.3 +/- 6.5%, respectively) than in the respective groups receiving water only following blood feeding (double meal: 49.0 +/- 9.6%; single meal: 45.3 +/- 10.9%). Females receiving a double meal were more fecund on average (89.0 +/- 6.6 eggs) than females provided a single meal (82.3 +/- 8.2 eggs). Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Xue, Rui-De] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, Dept Educ & Res, St Augustine, FL 32085 USA. [Ali, Arshad] Univ Florida, IFAS, Mid Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [Barnard, Donald R.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Xue, RD (reprint author), Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, Dept Educ & Res, 500 Old Beach Rd, St Augustine, FL 32085 USA. EM xueamcd@bellsouth.net RI Ali, Arshad/J-6647-2015 NR 22 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 119 IS 2 BP 225 EP 228 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2008.01.007 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 311NU UT WOS:000256607700005 PM 18343370 ER PT J AU Noland, GS Urban, JF Fried, B Kumar, N AF Noland, Gregory S. Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Fried, Bernard Kumar, Nirbhay TI Counter-regulatory anti-parasite cytokine responses during concurrent Plasmodium yoelii and intestinal helminth infections in mice SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE malaria; helminths; co-infection; Plasmodium yoelii; Echinostoma caproni; Heligmosomoides polygyrus; IFN-gamma; IL-4; cytokines; immune regulation; trematode; nematode ID TREMATODE ECHINOSTOMA-CAPRONI; ENDOGENOUS GAMMA-INTERFERON; BLOOD-STAGE MALARIA; SCHISTOSOMA-MANSONI; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; FALCIPARUM MALARIA; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; T-CELLS; NEMATODE INFECTION; CHABAUDI-CHABAUDI AB Malaria and helminth infections are two of the most prevalent parasitic diseases globally. While concomitant infection is common, mechanisms contributing to altered disease outcomes during co-infection remain poorly defined. We have previously reported exacerbation of normally non-lethal Plasmodium yoelii malaria in BALB/c mice chronically infected with the intestinal trematode Echinostoma caproni. The goal of the present studies was to determine the effect of helminth infection on IFN-gamma and other key cytokines during malaria co-infection in the A yoelii-E. caproni and P. yoeiii-Heligmosomoides polygyrus model systems. Polyclonally stimulated spleen cells from both E. capromi- and H. polygyrus-infected mice produced significantly lower amounts of IFN-gamma during P. yoelii co-infection than malaria-only infected mice. Furthermore, the magnitude of IFN-gamma suppression was correlated with the relative amounts of IL-4 induced by these helminths (E. caproni = low; H. polygyrus = high), but not IL-10. Concurrent malaria infection also suppressed helminth-associated IL-4 responses, indicating that immunologic counter-regulation occurs during co-infection with malaria and intestinal helminths. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Noland, Gregory S.; Kumar, Nirbhay] Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Fried, Bernard] Lafayette Coll, Dept Biol, Easton, PA 18042 USA. RP Kumar, N (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, 615 N Wolfe St,Room E5144, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM nkumar@jhsph.edu OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI047089, R01 AI047089-05A2] NR 47 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 119 IS 2 BP 272 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2008.02.009 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 311NU UT WOS:000256607700012 PM 18396282 ER PT J AU Smehilova, M Galuszka, P Kowalska, M Frebort, I Bilyeu, KD AF Smehilova, M. Galuszka, P. Kowalska, M. Frebort, I. Bilyeu, K. D. TI Biochemical and structural comparison of two differentially targeted cytokinin dehydrogenase enzymes SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of the 33rd FEBS Congress/11th IUBMB Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE C1 [Smehilova, M.; Galuszka, P.; Kowalska, M.; Frebort, I.] Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biochem, Div Mol Biol, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Bilyeu, K. D.] Univ Missouri, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA. RI Smehilova, Maria/C-9673-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 275 SU 1 BP 320 EP 320 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 311XI UT WOS:000256633301099 ER PT J AU Grubman, MJ Moraes, MP Segundo, FDS Pena, L de los Santos, T AF Grubman, Marvin J. Moraes, Mauro Pires Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San Pena, Lindomar de los Santos, Teresa TI Evading the host immune response: how foot-and-mouth disease virus has become an effective pathogen SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE foot-and-mouth disease; leader protein; interferon; innate response; adaptive response ID BINDING-PROTEIN COMPLEX; NF-KAPPA-B; LEADER PROTEINASE; VIRAL-INFECTION; DENDRITIC CELLS; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEINS; ALPHA/BETA INTERFERON; PROTEOLYTIC CLEAVAGE; POLIOVIRUS INFECTION; SECRETORY PATHWAY AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes an economically devastating disease of cloven-hoofed animals. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms FMDV has evolved to counteract the host innate and adaptive immune responses and the role of viral proteins in this process. The viral leader proteinase, L(pro), limits the host innate response by inhibiting the induction of interferon beta (IFN beta) mRNA and blocking host cell translation. A second viral proteinase, 3C(pro), may affect host cell transcription because it cleaves histone H3. Viral protein 2B in conjunction with 2C or their precursor 2BC inhibits protein trafficking through the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. A decrease in surface expression of major histocompatibility class I molecules during FMDV infection suggests that 2B, 2C and/or 2BC may be involved in delaying the initiation of the host adaptive immune response and also adversely affect the secretion of induced signaling molecules. FMDV also causes a transient lymphopenia in swine, but the mechanism involved is not understood nor have any viral protein(s) been implicated. Furthermore, the interaction of FMDV with various cells in the immune system including lymphocytes and dendritic cells and the possible role of apoptosis and autophagy in these interactions are discussed. C1 [Grubman, Marvin J.] ARS, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Grubman, MJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM marvin.grubman@ars.usda.gov NR 66 TC 34 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0928-8244 J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 53 IS 1 BP 8 EP 17 DI 10.1111/j.1574-659X.2008.00409.x PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 297VA UT WOS:000255644300002 PM 18400012 ER PT J AU Chang, J Pang, E He, HQ Kwang, J AF Chang, Jason Pang, Ervinna He, Haiqi Kwang, Jimmy TI Identification of novel attenuated Salmonella Enteritidis mutants SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Salmonella Enteritidis; mutants; attenuation; chickens ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; UNITED-STATES; O-ANTIGEN; SSRA-SSRB; IN-VIVO; INFECTIONS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; PATHOGENICITY; COLONIZATION; TYPHIMURIUM AB Salmonella Enteritidis is a major food-borne pathogen that causes nontyphoidal diarrhoea in humans. Infection of adult egg-laying hens usually results in symptomless carriage but in young chicks it may cause paratyphoid disease. It is not known whether S. Enteritidis requires genes additional to known virulence genes for systemic infection of young chickens. A transposon insertion library was created using S. Enteritidis 10/02, which yielded 1246 mutants. Of 384 mutants screened in chickens for attenuation (30.8% of insertion library), 12 (3.1%) had a 50% lethal dose at least 100 times that of the parental strain. Sequencing revealed insertions in genes involved in the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide, cell membrane, ATP biosynthesis, transcriptional regulation of virulence and the yhbC gene, which has an unknown function. Evaluation of in vitro virulence characteristics of a Delta yhbC mutant revealed that its ability to invade HeLa cells and survive within a chicken macrophage cell line (HD11) was significantly reduced. It was also less resistant to reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates and had a retarded growth rate. Chickens challenged with the Delta yhbC mutant cleared the organism from the liver and spleen 1 week faster than the parental strain and were able to develop specific serum IgG antibodies against the Delta yhbC mutant. C1 [Chang, Jason; Pang, Ervinna; Kwang, Jimmy] Natl Univ Singapore, Temasek Life Sci Lab, Anim Hlth Biotechnol Grp, Singapore 117604, Singapore. [He, Haiqi] USDA ARS, So Plain Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Kwang, Jimmy] Natl Univ Singapore, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Singapore 117548, Singapore. RP Kwang, J (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Temasek Life Sci Lab, Anim Hlth Biotechnol Grp, 1 Res Link, Singapore 117604, Singapore. EM kwang@tll.org.sg NR 27 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0928-8244 J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 53 IS 1 BP 26 EP 34 DI 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00394.x PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 297VA UT WOS:000255644300004 PM 18355292 ER PT J AU Ling, J Sharma, M Bhagwat, AA AF Ling, Jason Sharma, Manan Bhagwat, Arvind A. TI Role of RNA polymerase sigma-factor (RpoS) in induction of glutamate-dependent acid-resistance of Escherichia albertii under anaerobic conditions SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE enteric pathogen; food safety; acid resistance; RpoS sigma-factor ID HAFNIA-ALVEI; SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI; DECARBOXYLASE GENES; COLI STRAINS; EXPRESSION; PHENOTYPE; SURVIVAL; SYSTEM; CHILDREN; STRESS AB Escherichia albertii is a potential enteric food-borne pathogen with poorly defined genetic and biochemical properties. Acid resistance is perceived to be an important property of enteric pathogens, enabling them to survive passage through stomach acidity so that they may colonize the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. We analyzed glutamate-dependent acid-resistance pathway (GDAR) in five E. albertii strains that have been identified so far. We observed that the strains were unable to induce GDAR under aerobic growth conditions. Mobilization of the rpoS gene restored aerobic induction of this acid-resistance pathway, indicating that all five strains may have a dysfunctional sigma-factor. On the other hand, under anaerobic growth conditions where GDAR is induced in an RpoS-independent manner (i.e. in Shigella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains), only three out of five E. albertii strains successfully induced GDAR. The remainder of the two strains exhibited dependence on functional RpoS even under anaerobic conditions to express GDAR, a regulatory function previously considered to be redundant. The data indicate that certain E. albertii strains may have an alternate RpoS-dependent pathway for acid-resistance under anaerobic growth conditions. C1 [Ling, Jason; Bhagwat, Arvind A.] USDA ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ling, Jason; Sharma, Manan; Bhagwat, Arvind A.] USDA ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Bhagwat, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 002,Room 117,BARC-W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM arvind.bhagwat@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 283 IS 1 BP 75 EP 82 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01153.x PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 292SJ UT WOS:000255286100012 PM 18422618 ER PT J AU Xavier, BM Houlihan, AJ Russell, JB AF Xavier, Bruno M. Houlihan, Adam J. Russell, James B. TI The activity and stability of cell-associated activity of bovicin HC5, a bacteriocin from Streptococcus bovis HC5 SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Streptococcus bovis HC5; bovicin HC5; lantibiotic; cell-associated bacteriocin ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CONTINUOUS-CULTURE; LIPID-II; RUMEN; STRAINS; NISIN; AMMONIA; TARGET AB Streptococcus bovis HC5 cultures released a broad spectrum lantibiotic, bovicin HC5, into the cell-fee culture supernatant after they reached stationary phase, but most of the antibacterial activity remained cell-associated. Cell-associated bovicin HC5 was more resistant to degradation by Pronase E than the cell-free activity. Acidic NaCl (pH 2.0, 100 mM) did not release all of the cell-associated activity, and cells that were sequentially treated with acidic NaCl and Pronase E still had antibacterial activity. Cell-associated activity retained after acidic NaCl treatment was still able to catalyze potassium efflux from S. bovis JB1, a sensitive strain. These results indicate that cell-associated bovicin HC5 is more active and stable than cell-free bovicin HC5. C1 [Russell, James B.] USDA ARS, Holley Res Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Xavier, Bruno M.; Houlihan, Adam J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Russell, JB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Holley Res Ctr, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jbr8@Cornell.edu NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0378-1097 EI 1574-6968 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 283 IS 2 BP 162 EP 166 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01155.x PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 300NQ UT WOS:000255831400005 PM 18445020 ER PT J AU Stuhl, CJ Meagher, RL Nagoshi, RN AF Stuhl, Charles J. Meagher, Robert L. Nagoshi, Rod N. TI Genetic variation in neonate behavior of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Spodoptera frugiperda; choice tests; larval behavioral traits; host plant selection ID HOST STRAINS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BERMUDAGRASS; FLORIDA; ADAPTATION; RESISTANCE; STATES AB Bioassays were developed to test plant selection of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)) host strains to corn (Zea mays L.) and stargrass, a forage grass closely related to bermudagrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. nlemfuensis). Neonate larvae from 3 corn strain and 3 rice strain colonies preferentially selected corn over stargrass in petri dish choice tests. However, bioassays of whole plants and whole plant volatiles showed that selection of a particular host was not clear and there were no significant differences in plant choice. Two additional bioassays were conducted to determine if larvae would continue to disperse once they came in contact with a plant source. One colony was always biased towards corn regardless of which plant was encountered first. For 4 colonies, the attraction to corn was reduced such that when stargrass was first contacted, equal or greater numbers of larvae stayed and did not migrate to corn. Finally, the attraction to corn was lowest in 1 colony in which significantly more larvae moved away from corn even when it was presented first. Results of our study, along with behavioral and feeding trials from other studies, suggest that there is a consistent attraction of neonates to damaged corn regardless of "strain" designation, but substantial variability in the strength of that attraction if they come in contact with another plant host first. These differences among colonies most likely reflect genetic and phenotypic variation in wild populations. More information at http:://www.ars.usda.gov/pandp/people/people.htm?personid=11809. C1 [Stuhl, Charles J.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Meagher, Robert L.; Nagoshi, Rod N.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Stuhl, CJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 2 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[151:GVINBO]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 308LI UT WOS:000256391200001 ER PT J AU Thomas, DB AF Thomas, Donald B. TI A safe and effective propylene glycol based capture liquid for fruit fly (Diptera : Tephritidae) traps baited with synthetic lures SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE fruit fly traps; antifreeze; propylene glycol; Anastrepha ID FLIES DIPTERA; ANASTREPHA LUDENS; ATTRACTION; PUTRESCINE; AMMONIA; EFFICIENCY; BIOLURES; EFFICACY AB Antifreeze is often used as the capture liquid in insect traps for its preservative and evaporative attributes, In tests reported herein, fruit fly traps using non-toxic recreational vehicle (RV) propylene glycol based antifreeze captured significantly more Anastrepha ludens (Loew) than did traps with the automotive antifreeze. Automotive antifreeze has a characteristic odor due to the additive tolytriazole. The odor may have been mildly repellent. Whether better or equal in efficacy, fruit fly trapping programs should consider using the non-toxic formulation as an environmentally friendly alternative over the automotive antifreeze, which contains a number of hazardous compounds. C1 USDA ARS Kika de la Garza, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Thomas, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS Kika de la Garza, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, 2413,E Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 2 BP 210 EP 213 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[210:ASAEPG]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 308LI UT WOS:000256391200009 ER PT J AU Epsky, ND Weissling, TJ Walker, A Meerow, AW Heath, RR AF Epsky, Nancy D. Weissling, Thomas J. Walker, Alison Meerow, Alan W. Heath, Robert R. TI Life history and damage of a new Baradinae weevil (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) on amaryllis SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE amaryllidaceae; oviposition; fertility; damage AB A small Baradinae weevil that feeds on amaryllis plants has been known in Florida for over 15 years. It is yet to be named taxonomically and its life history has not been studied previously. Observations on weevil damage were made on containerized amaryllis (Hippeastrum hybrids) plants naturally infested in a greenhouse or used for colony rearing. Laboratory studies were conducted at ambient room temperature (75 degrees C) with excised leaves to obtain information on weevil life history. Adults lived about 3 months, and fed on basal versus apical leaf tissue. Females inserted eggs near the thickened leaf base, and eggs were 0.65 +/- 0.02 mm long by 0.40 +/- 0.01 mm wide. Females laid >400 eggs over their lifetime, with egg production increasing over the first 7 weeks and then tending to decline. Eclosion ranged from 51% for eggs removed from host tissue within 24 h to 84% for eggs removed from host tissue after 24 h of oviposition. In tests with excised leaf tissue, eggs hatched after 7.1 d and larval development was complete after 28.8 d, of which 9.9 d were spent as prepupae. In no-choice tests, survival was lower and pupal developmental time period was longer when larvae were reared on excised bulb versus excised leaf tissue. Although larval development was poorer on bulbs versus leaves in the laboratory studies, in intact plants larvae tunnel through leaf tissue towards the bulb where they feed and complete development. In severe infestations, larvae hollow out the inside of the bulb and may cause plant death. Adult damage is primarily to the foliage through feeding and oviposition. This is the first report to quantify the life history of this weevil. C1 [Epsky, Nancy D.; Weissling, Thomas J.; Walker, Alison; Meerow, Alan W.; Heath, Robert R.] ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, USDA, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Epsky, ND (reprint author), ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, USDA, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 2 BP 214 EP 219 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[214:LHADOA]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 308LI UT WOS:000256391200010 ER PT J AU Jenkins, DA Goenaga, R AF Jenkins, David A. Goenaga, Ricardo TI Host status of litchi and rambutan to the West Indian fruit fly (Diptera : Tephritidae) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Anastrepha obliqua; Litchi chinensis; Nephelium lappaceum; quarantine AB Fruit of litchi, Litchi chinensis, and rambutan, Nephelium lappaceum, were collected from the field in 2006 and 2007 and monitored for the emergence of West Indian fruit flies, Anastrepha obliqua. Fruit clusters of rambutan and litchi, with a piece of the peel removed to allow access to ovipositing females, were also placed in cages and exposed to 12-d-old post-eclosion male and female West Indian fruit flies for 48 h. These exposed fruit were then monitored for the emergence of A. obliqua. Mango fruit were simultaneously exposed to male and female A. obliqua in separate cages and monitored for the emergence of A. obliqua. Fruit fly traps baited with putrescine and ammonium acetate were placed in orchards of litchi and rambutan, as well as an adjacent orchard of carambola, Averrhoa carambola, to demonstrate the presence of fruit flies while litchi and rambutan were fruiting. Although we collected 3732 ripe litchi fruit (40.34 kg) and 5534 ripe rambutan fruit (166.60 kg), none of these yielded tephritid larvae. Litchi and rambutan fruit exposed to adult fruit flies in cages did not yield tephritid larvae, though similarly exposed mangoes did. We conclude that litchi and rambutan have an undetectably low probability of being infested by A. obliqua in Puerto Rico. C1 [Jenkins, David A.; Goenaga, Ricardo] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. RP Jenkins, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 Pedro Albizu Campos Ave,Suite 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 2 BP 228 EP 231 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[228:HSOLAR]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 308LI UT WOS:000256391200012 ER PT J AU Mankin, RW Mizrach, A Hetzroni, A Levsky, S Nakache, Y Soroker, V AF Mankin, R. W. Mizrach, A. Hetzroni, A. Levsky, S. Nakache, Y. Soroker, V. TI Temporal and spectral features of sounds of wood-boring beetle larvae: Identifiable patterns of activity enable improved discrimination from background noise SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Meeting of the Colombian-Entomological-Society CY JUL 25-27, 2007 CL Cartagena, COLOMBIA SP Colombian Entomo Soc DE Rhynchophorus ferrugineus; Monochamus titillator; Agrilus dozieri; acoustic detection ID RHYNCHOPHORUS-PALMARUM COLEOPTERA; INFESTATION; SOIL; CURCULIONIDAE; INSECTS; TERMITE AB Rhynchophorus (curculionid) larvae produce economic damage to ornamental and date palm crops that could be mitigated significantly by early detection and treatment. Acoustic technology enables early detection, but often it is difficult to distinguish insect sounds from background noise containing energy at the resonant frequencies of stiff, fibrous structures in trees and other plants. Tests were conducted with currently available acoustic instrumentation and software to assess the capability of these methods to discriminate curculionid, cerambycid, and buprestid larval sounds from background noise in woody structures. An approach to the discrimination problem is to monitor the temporal patterns of the 3-10-ms sound impulses produced by locomotory and feeding activities. Playback and computer analyses of larval sounds revealed trains of impulses separated by intervals of less than 500 ms that experienced listeners frequently use as indications of potential insect sounds. Further analyses identified a subgroup of trains, denoted as bursts, containing > 6 and < 200 impulses, which occurred frequently when larvae were present but only rarely when larvae were absent. The incorporation of bursts into the analysis process significantly improved the capability to distinguish sounds produced by beetle larvae from background noise when these insects were hidden in stiff, fibrous structures, and likely will be of assistance also in other applications where consistent activity patterns of hidden pests can be identified. C1 [Mankin, R. W.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Mizrach, A.; Hetzroni, A.] Inst Agr Engn, Bet Dagan, Israel. [Levsky, S.; Soroker, V.] Inst Plant Protect, Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Mankin, RW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 28 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 8 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 2 BP 241 EP 248 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[241:TASFOS]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 308LI UT WOS:000256391200015 ER PT J AU Massa, MJ Robacker, DC Patt, J AF Massa, Michelle J. Robacker, David C. Patt, Joseph TI Identification of grape juice aroma volatiles and attractiveness to the Mexican fruit fly (Diptera : Tephritidae) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Anastrepha ludens; attractants; lures; grape; juice ID ANASTREPHA-LUDENS; ATTRACTANT; VARIETIES AB Volatiles from a Concord grape juice produced in Mexico were identified, tested for attractiveness, and mixed into an attractive blend. Volatiles were sampled with solid phase microextraction (SPME). Chemicals were analyzed by gas chromatography and identified by mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Identified chemicals were ethanol, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl dodecanoate, D-limonene, sorbic acid, benzoic acid, methyl anthranilate, and dimethyl anthranilate. Chemicals were tested at 2 concentrations, 1 mu g and 100 ng, for attractiveness to Mexican fruit flies (Anastrepha ludens) in laboratory cage-top bioassays. All test chemicals except sorbic acid were attractive to either sugar-fed or sugar-starved flies over both concentrations tested. A nine-component synthetic grape essence mixture was developed that matched the headspace volatiles profile of the grape juice. Attractiveness of the mixture was equal to that of the grape juice in laboratory bioassays. The mixture was 70% as attractive as the juice in traps in field tests. Results demonstrate that most of the attractive principals of the juice were identified. C1 [Massa, Michelle J.] Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Biol, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. [Robacker, David C.; Patt, Joseph] ARS, USDA, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Massa, MJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Biol, 1201 W Univ Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. NR 18 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 27 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 2 BP 266 EP 276 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[266:IOGJAV]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 308LI UT WOS:000256391200018 ER PT J AU Hall, DG Roda, A Lapointe, SL Hibbard, K AF Hall, David G. Roda, Amy Lapointe, Stephen L. Hibbard, Ken TI Phenology of Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera : Pseudococcidae) in Florida based on attraction of adult males to pheromone traps SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE phenology; trapping; sampling; pink hibiscus mealybug ID PINK HIBISCUS MEALYBUG; SEX-PHEROMONE AB Research was conducted in Florida to assess the phenology of pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), based on numbers of adult males captured in traps baited with a synthetic pheromone. Trapping was conducted at 3 locations in east central Florida in ornamental plantings of hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) infested by the mealybug, with traps hung directly within plants. Trapping was also conducted in southeast Florida near Miami in a tropical fruit tree planting. Males were highly attracted to traps baited with the lure, consistent with reports in the literature. Numbers of adult males captured in traps indicated that M. hirsutus was consistently most abundant during late summer and early fall with peak populations occurring anytime during late Aug through early Oct. Populations of M. hirsutus, based on captures of males, were consistently low during winter and spring from Jan through mid Apr. C1 [Hall, David G.; Lapointe, Stephen L.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Subtrop Insects Res Unit, Ft Pierce, FL 34925 USA. [Roda, Amy] USDA, APHIS, Miami, FL USA. [Hibbard, Ken] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Hall, DG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Subtrop Insects Res Unit, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34925 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 2 BP 305 EP 310 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[305:POMHHP]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 308LI UT WOS:000256391200022 ER PT J AU Miura, K Iida, H Imai, K Lyon, S Reardon, R Fujisaki, K AF Miura, Kazumi Iida, Hiroyuki Imai, Kensuke Lyon, Suzanne Reardon, Richard Fujisaki, Kenji TI Herbivorous insect fauna of mile-a-minute weed, Persicaria perfoliata (Polygonaceae), in Japan SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID LATIPES KOROTYAEV COLEOPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; L. POLYGONALES; CURCULIONIDAE C1 [Miura, Kazumi; Iida, Hiroyuki; Imai, Kensuke; Fujisaki, Kenji] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Lab Insect Ecol, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Lyon, Suzanne] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Reardon, Richard] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Miura, K (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Ctr Ecol Res, Hirano 2, Otsu, Shiga 5202113, Japan. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 2 BP 319 EP 323 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[319:HIFOMW]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 308LI UT WOS:000256391200026 ER PT J AU Selhime, AG AF Selhime, Allen G. TI W. W. Yothers, a pioneer in citrus entomology SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA ARS, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. RP Selhime, AG (reprint author), USDA ARS, 345 N Echo Dr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 2 BP 341 EP 348 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[341:WWYAPI]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 308LI UT WOS:000256391200032 ER PT J AU Geveke, DJ AF Geveke, David J. TI UV Inactivation of E-coli in Liquid Egg White SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nonthermal; Pasteurization; Egg white; E. coli; Ultraviolet light ID PULSED ELECTRIC-FIELDS; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; APPLE CIDER; SALMONELLA; KINETICS AB Liquid egg white is currently pasteurized using heat; however, this treatment damages the functional properties of the egg. In this study, a nonthermal ultraviolet light (UV) system was developed to pasteurize liquid egg white. The system consisted of low-pressure mercury bulbs surrounded by UV transparent tubing. Egg white was inoculated with Escherichia coli K12 and pumped through the UV system at a flow rate of 330 ml/min. The effects of treatment time (0 to 160 s), temperature (30 to 50 degrees C), and egg white pH (7 to 9) on the inactivation of E. coli were investigated. The population of E. coli in egg white was reduced by 4.3 log after being exposed to UV at 50 degrees C for 160 s. Inactivation was linearly dependent on treatment time and was adequately described using first-order kinetics (r(2) of 0.94). The electrical energy of the process was calculated to be 44 J/ml. Inactivation was directly dependent on temperature and inversely dependent on pH. Nonthermal UV processing has the potential to improve the safety and functional properties of liquid egg white. C1 ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Geveke, DJ (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM david.geveke@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-5130 J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH JI Food Bioprocess Technol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 2 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1007/s11947-008-0070-1 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 397DC UT WOS:000262641300011 ER PT J AU Allen, LH AF Allen, Lindsay H. TI Causes of vitamin B-12 and folate deficiency SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Review DE deficiency; folate; vitamin B-12 ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; FOOD-COBALAMIN MALABSORPTION; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MULTIPLE MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES; HIV-1 DISEASE PROGRESSION; KENYAN SCHOOL-CHILDREN; FOLIC-ACID; METHYLMALONIC ACID; INTRINSIC-FACTOR; HIGH PREVALENCE AB This review describes current knowledge of the main causes of vitamin B-12 and folate deficiency. The most common explanations for poor vitamin B-12 status are a low dietary intake of the vitamin (i.e., a low intake of animal-source foods) and malabsorption. Although it has long been known that strict vegetarians (vegans) are at risk for vitamin B-12 deficiency, evidence now indicates that low intakes of animal-source foods, such as occur in some lacto-ovo vegetarians and many less-industrialized countries, cause vitamin B-12 depletion. Malabsorption of the vitamin is most commonly observed as food-bound cobalamin malabsorption due to gastric atrophy in the elderly, and probably as a result of Helicobacter pylori infection. There is growing evidence that gene polymorphisms in transcobalamins affect plasma vitamin B-12 concentrations. The primary cause of folate deficiency is low intake of sources rich in the vitamin, such as legumes and green leafy vegetables, and the consumption of these foods may explain why folate status can be adequate in relatively poor populations. Other situations in which the risk of folate deficiency increases include lactation and alcoholism. C1 Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Allen, LH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM lindsay.allen@ars.usda.gov NR 128 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 17 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 29 IS 2 SU S BP S20 EP S34 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 323EC UT WOS:000257425800004 PM 18709879 ER PT J AU McLean, E de Benoist, B Allen, LH AF McLean, Erin de Benoist, Bruno Allen, Lindsay H. TI Review of the magnitude of folate and vitamin B-12 deficiencies worldwide SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Review DE folate deficiency; folic acid; homocysteine; methylmalonic acid; vitamin B-12 deficiency ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; PLASMA TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE; FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; RED-CELL FOLATE; SERUM FOLATE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; CHILDBEARING AGE; HIGH PREVALENCE; COSTA-RICA; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE AB Human deficiencies of folate and vitamin B-12 result in adverse effects which may be of public health significance, but the magnitude of these deficiencies is unknown. Therefore, we examine the prevalence data currently available, assess global coverage of surveys, determine the frequency with which vitamin status assessment methods are used, and identify patterns of status related to geographical distribution and human development. Surveys were identified through PubMed and the Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System at the World Health Organization (WHO). Since different thresholds were frequently used to define deficiency, measures of central tendency were used to compare blood vitamin concentrations among countries. The percentage of countries with at least one survey is highest in the WHO Regions of South-East Asia and Europe. Folate and vitamin B-12 status were most frequently assessed in women of reproductive age (34 countries), and in all adults (27 countries), respectively. Folate status assessment surveys assessed plasma or serum concentrations (55%), erythrocyte folate concentrations (21 %), or both (23%). Homocysteine was assessed in one-third of the surveys of folate and vitamin B-12 status (31 % and 34 % respectively), while methylmalonic acid was assessed in fewer surveys of vitamin B-12 status (13%). No relationship between vitamin concentrations and geographical distribution, level of development, or population groups could be identified, but nationally representative data were few. More representative data and more consistent use of thresholds to define deficiency are needed in order to assess whether folate and vitamin B-12 deficiencies are a public health problem. C1 [McLean, Erin; de Benoist, Bruno] WHO, Dept Nutr Hlth & Dev, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Allen, Lindsay H.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP de Benoist, B (reprint author), WHO, Dept Nutr Hlth & Dev, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM debenoistb@who.int NR 79 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 2 U2 20 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 29 IS 2 SU S BP S38 EP S51 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 323EC UT WOS:000257425800006 PM 18709880 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, IH AF Rosenberg, Irwin H. TI Effects of folate and vitamin B-12 on cognitive function in adult and elderly SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE adults; cognitive function; elderly; folate; vitamin B-12 ID ALZHEIMER-TYPE DEMENTIA; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; COBALAMIN LEVELS; FOLIC-ACID; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; METHYLMALONIC ACID; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; SERUM FOLATE; AD PATIENTS C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Rosenberg, IH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM irwin.rosenberg@tufts.edu NR 71 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 29 IS 2 SU S BP S132 EP S142 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 323EC UT WOS:000257425800017 PM 18709888 ER PT J AU Selhub, J Rosenberg, IH AF Selhub, Jacob Rosenberg, Irwin H. TI Public health significance of supplementation or fortification of grain products with folic acid SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE folic acid; grain; fortification; neural tube defects ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; PERICONCEPTIONAL VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION; CEREBRAL FOLATE-DEFICIENCY; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; COMMON MUTATION; HOMOCYSTEINE CONCENTRATIONS; UNITED-STATES; PREVENTION; GENE; IMPROVEMENT C1 [Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Vitamin Metab & Aging Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Selhub, J (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Vitamin Metab & Aging Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jacob.selhub@tufts.edu NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 29 IS 2 SU S BP S173 EP S176 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 323EC UT WOS:000257425800019 PM 18709890 ER PT J AU Selhub, J AF Selhub, Jacob TI Public health significance of elevated homocysteine SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE folate; homocysteine; vitamin B6; vitamin B(12) ID FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; HEART-DISEASE; RISK FACTOR; VASCULAR-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; FOLATE; PATHOGENESIS; METAANALYSIS AB Homocysteine is a sulfur amino acid whose metabolism stands at the intersection of two pathways: remethylation, which requires folic acid and vitamin B(12) coenzymes; and transsulfuration, which requires pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, the vitamin B(6) coenzyme. Data from a number of laboratories suggest that mild elevations of homocysteine in plasma are a risk factor for occlusive vascular disease. In the Framingham studies, we have shown that plasma homocysteine concentration is inversely related to the intake and plasma levels of folate and vitamin B(6) as well as vitamin B(12) plasma levels. Almost two-thirds of the prevalence of high homocysteine is attributable to low vitamin status or intake. Elevated homocysteine concentrations in plasma are a risk factor for prevalence of extracranial carotid-artery stenosis >= 25% in both men and women. Prospectively elevated plasma homocysteine is associated with increased total and cardiovascular mortality, increased incidence Of stroke, increased incidence of dementia and Alzheimer disease, increased incidence of bone fracture, and higher prevalence of chronic heart failure. It was also shown that elevated plasma homocysteine is a risk factor for preeclampsia and maybe neural tube defects (NTD). This multitude of relationships between elevated plasma homocysteine and diseases that afflict the elderly, pregnant women, and the embryo points to the existence Of a common denominator which may be responsible for these diseases. Whether this denominator is homocysteine itself or homocysteine is merely a marker, remains to be determined. C1 Tufts Univ, Vitamin Metab & Aging Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Selhub, J (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Vitamin Metab & Aging Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jacob.selhub@tufts.edu NR 32 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 29 IS 2 SU S BP S116 EP S125 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 323EC UT WOS:000257425800015 PM 18709886 ER PT J AU Selhub, J Jacques, PF Dallal, G Choumenkovitch, S Rogers, G AF Selhub, Jacob Jacques, Paul F. Dallal, Gerard Choumenkovitch, Silvina Rogers, Gail TI The use of blood concentrations of vitamins and their respective functional indicators to define folate and vitamin B-12 status SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE folate; fortification; homocysteine; methylmalonic acid; vitamin B-12 ID TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE CONCENTRATIONS; COBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; METHYLMALONIC ACID; SERUM; POPULATION; COMMON AB In recent years there has been growing interest in the vitamins folic acid and vitamin B-12 because of the realization that the status of these vitamins in populations is less than adequate, and that such inadequacy may be linked to adverse public health outcomes. This concern has prompted the United States, Canada, and other countries to fortify grain products with folic acid, while additional countries are considering doing so in the near future. This presentation provides a new approach which relies on the combination of the concentrations in blood of vitamins and their respective functional indicators to establish cutoff points for assessing folate and vitamin B,2 status in populations. The premise is based on the fact that the relationship between plasma vitamin concentrations and their respective functional indicators is inverse and biphasic, with a steep slope at low concentrations of the vitamin and a more moderate slope at higher plasma vitamin concentrations. We propose that the intersection of these two slopes be used as a guideline for assessing the status of these vitamins and the adequacy of fortification programs. The cutoff would be 10 nmol/L for serum folate and 340 nmol/L for red blood cell folate, based on lowest plasma homocysteine. For serum vitamin B-12, the cutoff would be 150 pmol/L based on lowest methylmalonic acid and 300 pmol/L based on lowest homocysteine. C1 [Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Vitamin Metab & Aging Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Selhub, J (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Vitamin Metab & Aging Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jacob.selhub@tufts.edu NR 15 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 29 IS 2 SU S BP S67 EP S73 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 323EC UT WOS:000257425800009 PM 18709882 ER PT J AU Lyon, SA Berrang, ME Fedorka-Cray, PJ Fletcher, DL Meinersmann, RJ AF Lyon, Steven A. Berrang, Mark E. Fedorka-Cray, Paula J. Fletcher, Daniel L. Meinersmann, Richard J. TI Antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monopytogenes isolated from a poultry further processing plant SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; MEAT-PRODUCTS; MONOCYTOGENES; PREVALENCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; STRAINS; FOOD AB The aim of this study was to compare antimicrobial resistance profiles of distinct types of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from a commercial poultry cooking plant. One hundred fifty-seven L. monocytogenes isolates representing 14 different actA types were tested for susceptibility to 19 antimicrobial drugs using the broth microdilution method. All isolates were susceptible to antimicrobials except for ceftriaxone (153 isolates [97%] intermediate or resistant), oxacillin with 2% NaCl (142 isolates [90%] resistant), ciprofloxacin (59 isolates [37%] intermediate or resistant), tetracycline (5 isolates [3%] resistant), clindamycin (43 isolates [27%] intermediate), linezolid (3 isolates [2%] intermediate), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1 isolate [< 1%] intermediate). Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was low among all actA types. There was a low amount of diversity of resistotypes, which were defined in this study as subdivisions of actA types according to antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates. The five tetracycline-resistant isolates represented all the members of one actA type in lineage II. This study showed that antimicrobial resistance is not highly prevalent in L. monocytogenes from a poultry further processing environment. Types of L. monocytogenes as distinguished by actA sequencing do not predict antimicrobial resistance except possibly for tetracycline resistance. L. monocytogenes types that persist in a poultry cook plant are not related to antimicrobial resistance, and excluding tetracycline resistance, antimicrobial resistance does not seem to differ according to actA type or lineage. C1 [Lyon, Steven A.; Berrang, Mark E.; Fedorka-Cray, Paula J.; Meinersmann, Richard J.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, BEARU, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Fletcher, Daniel L.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Anim Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Berrang, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, BEARU, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM mark.berrang@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 5 IS 3 BP 253 EP 259 DI 10.1089/fpd.2007.0070 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 317UL UT WOS:000257045600004 PM 18564907 ER PT J AU Okahisa, N Inatsu, Y Juneja, VK Kawamoto, S AF Okahisa, Naoki Inatsu, Yasuhiro Juneja, Vijay K. Kawamoto, Shinichi TI Evaluation and control of the risk of foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria present in Awa-Uirou, a sticky rice cake containing sweet red bean paste SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-CEREUS; ENTEROTOXINS; INHIBITION; GLYCINE; FLOUR AB The risk of food poisoning and growth of spoilage bacteria in Awa-Uirou, a sticky rice cake containing sweet red bean paste, was evaluated. Toxin-producing bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus are the main causes of food poisoning linked to this kind of food. The water activity in this product is in the range suitable for growth of S. aureus, B. cereus, and B. subtilis. The viable count of S. aureus or B. cereus spore cocktail was significantly reduced to 2.3 log colony-forming units (CFU)/g after 70 minutes; steaming treatment at 100 degrees C. However, the heat-resistant endospores of B. subtilis germinated during storage at 30 degrees C to cause appreciable syneresis of the starch gel matrix in 4 days. The addition of 0.5% glycine before steaming treatment was found to effectively suppress the growth of B. cereus but was not effective in controlling S. aureus throughout the 7 days incubation period at 30 degrees C. On the other hand, S. aureus and B. cereus could grow > 5.0 log CFU/g in an inoculated sample without glycine within 3 days. when stored at 30 degrees C. Moreover, addition of 0.5% glycine before the steaming process did not have any significant effect on color, texture, or taste of sticky rice cake. Therefore, results of this study demonstrated that the addition of 0.5% glycine before the steaming process could inhibit B. cereus and B. subtilis multiplication in the steamed rice confection which in turn may help reduce the risk of food poisoning or quality loss. C1 [Inatsu, Yasuhiro; Kawamoto, Shinichi] Natl Food Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. [Okahisa, Naoki] Tokushima Prefectural Ind Technol Ctr, Tokushima, Japan. [Juneja, Vijay K.] Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Inatsu, Y (reprint author), Natl Food Res Inst, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. EM i.natu@affrc.go.jp NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 5 IS 3 BP 351 EP 359 DI 10.1089/fpd.2007.0073 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 317UL UT WOS:000257045600014 PM 18564913 ER PT J AU Winandy, JE Rudie, AW Williams, RS Wegner, TH AF Winandy, Jerrold E. Rudie, Alan W. Williams, R. Sam Wegner, Theodore H. TI A future vision for optimally using SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PYROLYSIS; LIQUID AB Exciting new opportunities are emerging for sustainably meeting many global energy needs and simultaneously creating high-value bio-based consumer and construction products from wood, forest and agricultural residues, and other bio-based materials. In addition to traditional value-added bio-based products, such as lumber, paper, paperboard, and composites, opportunities are now on the horizon for biorefining to produce electricity, transportation fuels, chemical feedstocks, syngas, and nanocrystalline cellulose. In the near future, nanocrystalline cellulose, produced as a high-value by-product from the biorefining process, could likely compete with carbon fiber for use in innovative high strength biocomposites. The holistic view of how to achieve both traditional and new high-value materials with enhanced performance properties from renewable resources is called Integrated Biomass Technologies. This concept promotes the use of sustainable, bio-based, environmentally neutral (or even beneficial) technologies to meet global demands for building and materials end uses, chemicals, and energy. This concept provides a systematic approach for maximizing value, performance, resource sustainability, and improving profitability in the agriculture and forest products industries. C1 [Winandy, Jerrold E.; Rudie, Alan W.; Williams, R. Sam; Wegner, Theodore H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Winandy, JE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 9 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 58 IS 6 BP 6 EP 16 PG 11 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 319NU UT WOS:000257171500002 ER PT J AU Moya, L Winandy, JE Tze, WTY Ramaswamy, S AF Moya, Laura Winandy, Jerrold E. Tze, William T. Y. Ramaswamy, Shri TI Use of fire-impacted trees for oriented strandboards SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SPRUCE BARK; WOOD; PARTICLEBOARD; STRENGTH AB This study evaluates the potential use of currently unexploited burnt timber from prescribed bums and wildfires for oriented strandboard (OSB). The research was performed in two phases: in Phase 1, the effect of thermal exposure of timber on OSB properties was evaluated. Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) trees variously damaged by a moderately intense prescribed burn in a northern Wisconsin forest were selected. Four fire-damage levels of wood were defined and processed into series of single-layer OSB. The flakes used in Phase I had all char removed. Mechanical and physical properties were evaluated in accordance with ASTM D 1037. Results showed that OSB engineering performance of all four fire-damage levels were similar, and their mechanical properties met the CSA 0437 requirements. In Phase 11, we assessed OSB properties from fire-killed, fire-affected and virgin red pine (Pinus resinosa) trees from a central Wisconsin forest exposed to an intense wildfire. The effect of various thermal exposures and varying amounts of char on OSB performance were evaluated. Phase 11 findings indicate that fire-damage level and bark amount had significant effects on the board properties. Addition of 20 percent charred bark had an adverse effect on bending strength; however, OSB mechanical properties still met the CSA requirements for all fire levels. Conversely, bark addition up to 20 percent was found to improve dimension stability of boards. This study suggests that burnt timber is a promising alternative bio-feedstock for commercial OSB production. C1 [Moya, Laura; Tze, William T. Y.; Ramaswamy, Shri] Univ Minnesota, Dept Bioprod & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Winandy, Jerrold E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. RP Moya, L (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Bioprod & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM moya0002@umn.edu; jwinandy@fs.fed.us; wtze@umn.edu; shri@umn.edu NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 58 IS 6 BP 45 EP 52 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 319NU UT WOS:000257171500008 ER PT J AU Skog, KE AF Skog, Kenneth E. TI Sequestration of carbon in harvested wood products for the United States SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LABORATORY-SCALE LANDFILLS; SOLID-WASTE COMPONENTS AB The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides guidelines for countries to report greenhouse gas removals by sinks and emissions from sources. These guidelines allow use of several accounting approaches when reporting the contribution of harvested wood products (HWP) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Using extensions of methods suggested by the IPCC and a software model called WOODCARB II in Microsoft Excel (R), this paper presents estimates of the U.S. HWP contribution to annual greenhouse gas removals in the agriculture, forestry, land use, and land use change sector. In 2005, the contribution to removals was 30 Tg (million metric tons) C (carbon) and 31 Tg C for the Production and Atmospheric Flow Approaches, respectively, and 44 Tg C for the Stock Change Approach. This range is 17 to 25 percent of C removals by forests, or would offset 42 percent to 61 percent of residential natural gas C emissions in 2005. The contribution has declined under the Production and Atmospheric Flow Approaches since 1990 and has increased under the Stock Change Approach. The Stock Change estimate has increased because it explicitly includes C in increasing net imports of wood and paper products. The contribution estimates were validated by adjusting the half-life of products in use in order to match independent estimates of carbon in housing in 2001 and annual wood and paper discards to solid-waste disposal sites (SWDS) during 1990 to 2001. Estimates of methane emissions from wood and paper in landfills were also checked against independent estimates of total landfill methane emissions. A Monte-Carlo simulation used to assess the effect of uncertainty in inputs suggests the 90 percent confidence interval for removal contribution estimates under the three approaches is within -23% to + 19%. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Skog, KE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM kskog@fs.fed.us NR 47 TC 91 Z9 98 U1 3 U2 21 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 58 IS 6 BP 56 EP 72 PG 17 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 319NU UT WOS:000257171500010 ER PT J AU Hunt, JF Ahmed, A Friedrich, K AF Hunt, John F. Ahmed, Aziz Friedrich, Katherine TI Effects of fiber processing on properties of fiber and fiberboard made from lodgepole pine treetops SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB As a part of the National Fire Plan, the USDA Forest Service is conducting research to reduce the severity of forest fires through effective utilization of low- or no-value logging residues and forest thinnings. This report explores the effect of processing on the physical properties of the fibrous material and flat fiberboard panels made from small-diameter lodgepole pine treetops processed with the bark. Delimbed treetops were chipped and fiberized with water using commercial equipment, digested with hot water and/or small amounts of chemical additives, refined in a disk refiner, and hot-pressed to make flat panels. To observe only the effects of water and additives on fiber bonding, adhesive resin was not used. We evaluated the effects of processing variables (digester temperature, refining level, and sodium hydroxide content) on fiber length, freeness, fines content, and shive content. Fiber quality was related to mechanical properties of the flat panels. The mechanical properties of the resin-free fiberboard surpassed the minimum standards for commercial hardboard. We conclude that small-diameter lodgepole pine treetops with bark are well-suited for the production of structural boards. This research is part of a larger program for developing three-dimensional geometries for engineered fiberboard products. C1 [Hunt, John F.; Friedrich, Katherine] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Ahmed, Aziz] Crescent Technol, Middleton, WI USA. RP Hunt, JF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM jfhunt@fs.fed.us; aahmed@merr.com; kfriedrich@fs.fed.us NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 58 IS 6 BP 82 EP 87 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 319NU UT WOS:000257171500012 ER PT J AU Dagley, CM AF Dagley, Christa M. TI Spatial pattern of coast redwood in three alluvial flat old-growth forests in northern California SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Sequoia sempervirens; Ripley's K(d) function; old-growth forests; spatial point patterns; restoration ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; PLANT COMMUNITIES; CONIFER FORESTS; STAND STRUCTURE; COMPETITION; TREES; REGENERATION; ENVIRONMENT; MORTALITY; OREGON AB The spatial patterns of trees were investigated in old-growth redwood (Sequoia sempervirens [D. Don] End].) forests located in northern California to guide the design of restoration prescriptions. All stems >= 15 cm dbh were mapped and measured on three 1.5-ha plots. Patterns for trees in different size classes were analyzed separately with Ripley's K(d) function. Results revealed two patterns. At two sites, trees were randomly distributed throughout the stand and size classes were spatially independent of each other at scales of 0-50 m. At one site, a clumped spatial pattern was revealed for small- and medium-sized tree groups at small scales, whereas a random spatial pattern was detected for large trees at scales of 0-50 m. In addition, significant positive deviation from spatial independence at small scales suggested an attraction between tree groups. The spatial pattern of regeneration (trees <15 cm dbh) was described using quadrat-based analyses. Regeneration was clumped at all three sites. Results indicate that old-growth redwood forests occurring on alluvial flats have different spatial patterns for similar size classes of trees despite the similarities in topography and stand structural characteristics. For land managers interested in restoration, these results suggest that past thinning guides that emphasized uniform spacing may not be appropriate in restoration efforts. Instead, trees should be retained in clumps or in random spatial patterns. C1 US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Dagley, CM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM cdagley@fs.fed.us NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 3 BP 294 EP 302 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 315KB UT WOS:000256876300005 ER PT J AU Keyser, TL Lentile, LB Smith, FW Shepperd, WD AF Keyser, Tara L. Lentile, Leigh B. Smith, Frederick W. Shepperd, Wayne D. TI Changes in forest structure after a large, mixed-severity wildfire in ponderosa pine forests of the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Pinus ponderosa; mixed-severity fire; fire severity; fire effects; postfire recovery ID ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION TREATMENTS; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; NORTHERN ARIZONA; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS; TREE RECRUITMENT; FIRE SEVERITY; GRAND-CANYON; CRATER LAKE; CROWN FIRES; REGENERATION AB We evaluated changes in forest structure related to fire severity after a wildfire in ponderosa pine forests of the Black Hills, South Dakota, where 25% burned at low, 48% at moderate, and 27% at high severity. We compared tree mortality, fine (FWD) and coarse woody debris (CWD) and tree regeneration in areas burned under different severity. With low severity, mortality was limited to small trees (< 15 cm dbh) with no reduction in basal area (BA) compared with unburned areas. FWD and CWD were 60% less than the unburned forest. With moderate severity, 100% mortality of small trees and significant large tree mortality resulted in an similar to 50% reduction in BA and an open stand structure dominated by a few large trees. After 5 years, FWD and CWD recovered to unburned levels. With high severity, a lack of seed source makes regeneration unlikely. After 5 years, FWD equaled levels in unburned stands and CWD loads exceeded the unburned forest by 74%. The future landscape will be a mosaic of patches with forest structures determined by developmental trajectories set in motion by different fire severities. There will be patches of fully stocked, single canopy forest, multistory forest, and persistent grass- and shrub-dominated communities. High fuel loads in moderate and high severity areas remain a concern for management as does the lack of regeneration in high severity areas. C1 [Keyser, Tara L.; Smith, Frederick W.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lentile, Leigh B.] Univ S, Dept Forestry & Geol, Sewanee, TN 37383 USA. [Shepperd, Wayne D.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Keyser, TL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 1577 Brevard Rd, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. EM tkeyser@fs.fed.us; lblentil@sewanee.edu; skip@warnercnr.colostate.edu; wshep@lamar.colostate.edu NR 54 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 17 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 3 BP 328 EP 338 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 315KB UT WOS:000256876300008 ER PT J AU Hussain, A Sun, CY Zhou, XP Munn, IA AF Hussain, Anwar Sun, Changyou Zhou, Xiaoping Munn, Ian A. TI Ecological and economic determinants of invasive tree species on Alabama forestland SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE count data; Forest Inventory Analysis; zero-inflated negative binomial ID UNITED-STATES; COUNT DATA; PLANT; REGRESSION; SPREAD; ROADS AB The spread of invasive tree species has caused increasing harm to the environment. This study was motivated by the considerations that earlier studies generally ignored the role of economic factors related to the occurrence and abundance of invasive species, and empirical analyses of invasive trees on forestland have been inadequate. We assessed the impact of ecological and economic factors on the occurrence and number of invasive tree species on Alabama forestland since 1990. Count data models were used to analyze the 2004 Alabama Forest Inventory Analysis (FIA) data. The proportion of FIA plots with invasive species was 1.06% in 1990, 1.24% in 2000, and 1.35% in 2004. Occurrence of invasive trees on a plot depended on forest type (e.g., natural pines, planted pines, or oak-pines). Plots with planted pine were 171% less likely to be infested with invasive trees than otherwise similar plots. Number of invasive trees per plot was determined by a wide variety of factors, including site productivity, growing stock, stand age, ecoregion, plot proximity to metropolitan centers, ownership type, and forest management activity. The magnitude of the impact was especially large for the ownership type, with more invasive trees on private forestlands than on public lands. These findings suggest that both ecological and economic factors need to be considered in the prevention and control of invasive species invasion. C1 [Hussain, Anwar; Sun, Changyou; Munn, Ian A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Zhou, Xiaoping] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Sun, CY (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM ahussain@cfr.msstate.edu; csun@cfr.msstate.edu; xzhou@fs.fed.us; imunn@cfr.msstate.edu NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 3 BP 339 EP 348 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 315KB UT WOS:000256876300009 ER PT J AU Peters, DPC AF Peters, Debra P. C. TI Ecology in a connected world: a vision for a "network of networks" SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM USA. RP Peters, DPC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM USA. RI Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011 OI Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611 NR 0 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 5 BP 227 EP 227 DI 10.1890/1540-9295(2008)6[227:EIACWA]2.0.CO;2 PG 1 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 307OT UT WOS:000256328900001 ER PT J AU Peters, DPC Groffman, PM Nadelhoffer, KJ Grimm, NB Coffins, SL Michener, WK Huston, MA AF Peters, Debra P. C. Groffman, Peter M. Nadelhoffer, Knute J. Grimm, Nancy B. Coffins, Scott L. Michener, William K. Huston, Micheal A. TI Living in an increasingly connected world: a framework for continental-scale environmental science SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT; SYSTEM DYNAMICS; ECOSYSTEMS; TRANSPORT; LANDSCAPES; LESSONS; HISTORY; EROSION; WATER AB The global environment is changing rapidly, as the result of factors that act at multiple spatial and temporal scales. It is now clear that local processes can affect broad-scale ecological dynamics, and that broad-scale drivers can overwhelm local patterns and processes. Understanding these cross-scale interactions requires a conceptual framework based on connectivity in material and information flow across scales. In this introductory paper to Frontiers' Special Issue on Continental-scale ecology in an increasingly connected world, we (1) discuss a multi-scale framework, including the key drivers and consequences of connectivity acting across spatial and temporal scales, (2) provide a series of testable hypotheses, predictions, and an approach, and (3) propose the development of a "network of networks", which would take advantage of existing research facilities and cyberinfrastructure. This unique framework and associated technology will enable us to better forecast global environmental change at multiple spatial scales, from local sites to regions and continents. C1 [Peters, Debra P. C.] USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Groffman, Peter M.] Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Nadelhoffer, Knute J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Grimm, Nancy B.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. [Coffins, Scott L.; Michener, William K.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Huston, Micheal A.] SW Texas State Univ, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. RP Peters, DPC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM USA. EM debpeter@nmsu.edu RI Huston, Michael/B-1434-2009; Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009; Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011 OI Huston, Michael/0000-0001-9513-1166; Collins, Scott/0000-0002-0193-2892; Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611 NR 50 TC 81 Z9 83 U1 3 U2 52 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 5 BP 229 EP 237 DI 10.1890/070098 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 307OT UT WOS:000256328900003 ER PT J AU Crowl, TA Crist, TO Parmenter, RR Belovsky, G Lugo, AE AF Crowl, Todd A. Crist, Thomas O. Parmenter, Robert R. Belovsky, Gary Lugo, Ariel E. TI The spread of invasive species and infectious disease as drivers of ecosystem change SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; ZEBRA MUSSELS; LYME-DISEASE; GENETIC IDENTIFICATION; RESERVOIR POPULATIONS; INFORMATION-SYSTEM; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA AB Invasive species, disease vectors, and pathogens affect biodiversity, ecosystem function and services, and human health. Climate change, land use, and transport vectors interact in complex ways to determine the spread of native and non-native invasive species, pathogens, and their effects on ecosystem dynamics. Early detection and in-depth understanding of invasive species and infectious diseases will require an integrated network of research platforms and information exchange to identify hotspots of invasion or disease emergence. Partnerships with state and federal agencies that monitor the spread and impacts of invasive species and pathogens will be critical in developing a national data and research network that can facilitate a full understanding of the resulting effects on ecosystems and society. Citizen science can also play a role; individuals can report new invasions, record phenological changes associated with invasions or disease outbreaks, and can participate in efforts such as the Breeding Bird Survey, which may reveal long-term biotic change following species invasions and disease spread. The ecological and societal impacts of invasive species and pathogens differ across gradients of climate and land use, and in the presence of global climate change may exacerbate both their propagation and impacts. Understanding the interactions of invasive species, disease vectors, and pathogens with other drivers of ecosystem change is critical to human health and economic well-being. C1 [Crowl, Todd A.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Crist, Thomas O.] Miami Univ, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Parmenter, Robert R.] Valles Caldera Natl Preserve, Jemez Springs, NM USA. [Belovsky, Gary] Univ Notre Dame, South Bend, IN USA. [Lugo, Ariel E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR USA. RP Crowl, TA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM facrowl@cc.usu.edu RI Crowl, Todd/C-9576-2011; Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011; Belovsky, Gary/C-1255-2014 OI Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611; NR 64 TC 154 Z9 158 U1 30 U2 213 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 5 BP 238 EP 246 DI 10.1890/070151 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 307OT UT WOS:000256328900004 ER PT J AU Hopkinson, CS Lugo, AE Alber, M Covich, AP Van Bloem, SJ AF Hopkinson, Charles S. Lugo, Ariel E. Alber, Merryl Covich, Alan P. Van Bloem, Skip J. TI Forecasting effects of sea-level rise and windstorms on coastal and inland ecosystems SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID TROPICAL STORMS; HURRICANE IMPACTS; EASTERN USA; FOREST; CLIMATE; DISTURBANCE; VEGETATION; RESPONSES; ATLANTIC; CYCLONES AB We identify a continental-scale network of sites to evaluate how two aspects of climate change - sea-level rise and intensification of windstorms - will influence the structure, function, and capacity of coastal and inland forest ecosystems to deliver ecosystem services (eg carbon sequestration, storm protection, pollution control, habitat support, food). The network consists of coastal wetland and inland forest sites across the US and is representative of continental-level gradients of precipitation, temperature, vegetation, frequency of occurrence of major windstorms, value of insured properties, tidal range, watershed land use, and sediment availability. The network would provide real-time measurements of the characteristics of sea-level rise and windstorm events and would allow an assessment of the responses of wetlands, streams, and inland forests at spatial and temporal scales associated with sustainability of ecosystem services. We illustrate the potential of this approach with examples of hypotheses that could be tested across the network. C1 [Alber, Merryl] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lugo, Ariel E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR USA. [Hopkinson, Charles S.] Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Covich, Alan P.] Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Athens, GA USA. [Van Bloem, Skip J.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Agron & Soils, Mayaguez, PR USA. RP Hopkinson, CS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM chopkins@uga.edu RI Van Bloem, Skip/A-5109-2010; Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011; Van Bloem, Skip/C-5315-2016 OI Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611; Van Bloem, Skip/0000-0001-7165-6646 NR 47 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 41 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 5 BP 255 EP 263 DI 10.1890/070153 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 307OT UT WOS:000256328900006 ER PT J AU Grimm, NB Foster, D Groffman, P Grove, JM Hopkinson, CS Nadelhoffer, KJ Pataki, DE Peters, DPC AF Grimm, Nancy B. Foster, David Groffman, Peter Grove, J. Morgan Hopkinson, Charles S. Nadelhoffer, Knute J. Pataki, Diane E. Peters, Debra P. C. TI The changing landscape: ecosystem responses to urbanization and pollution across climatic and societal gradients SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID TEMPERATE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; URBAN ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; LAND-USE CHANGE; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; UNITED-STATES; SHADE TREES; HEAT-ISLAND; ENERGY USE; SATURATION; IMPACT AB Urbanization, an important driver of climate change and pollution, alters both biotic and abiotic ecosystem properties within, surrounding, and even at great distances from urban areas. As a result, research challenges and environmental problems must be tackled at local, regional, and global scales. Ecosystem responses to land change are complex and interacting, occurring on all spatial and temporal scales as a consequence of connectivity of resources, energy, and information among social, physical, and biological systems. We propose six hypotheses about local to continental effects of urbanization and pollution, and an operational research approach to test them. This approach focuses on analysis of "megapolitan" areas that have emerged across North America, but also includes diverse wildland-to-urban gradients and spatially continuous coverage of land change. Concerted and coordinated monitoring of land change and accompanying ecosystem responses, coupled with simulation models, will permit robust forecasts of how land change and human settlement patterns will alter ecosystem services and resource utilization across the North American continent. This, in turn, can be applied globally. C1 [Grimm, Nancy B.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Foster, David] Harvard Univ, Petersham, MA USA. [Groffman, Peter] Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Grove, J. Morgan] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT USA. [Hopkinson, Charles S.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Nadelhoffer, Knute J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Pataki, Diane E.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA. [Pataki, Diane E.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA USA. [Peters, Debra P. C.] USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM USA. RP Grimm, NB (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM nbgrimm@asu.edu RI Pataki, Diane/F-9732-2011; Romero, Luz/E-7993-2012; Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009; Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011 OI Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611 NR 59 TC 177 Z9 200 U1 19 U2 221 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 5 BP 264 EP 272 DI 10.1890/070147 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 307OT UT WOS:000256328900007 ER PT J AU Marshall, JD Blair, JM Peters, DPC Okin, G Rango, A Williams, M AF Marshall, John D. Blair, John M. Peters, Debra P. C. Okin, Greg Rango, Albert Williams, Mark TI Predicting and understanding ecosystem responses to climate change at continental scales SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID UNITED-STATES; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; MESIC GRASSLAND; GLOBAL-CHANGE; VARIABILITY; DROUGHT; RISK; DESERTIFICATION; DEPOSITION; DISPERSAL AB Climate is changing across a range of scales, from local to global, but ecological consequences remain difficult to understand and predict. Such projections are complicated by change in the connectivity of resources, particularly water, nutrients, and propagules, that influences the way ecological responses scale from local. to regional and from regional to continental. This paper describes ecological responses to expected changes in four key meso-scale drivers that influence the ecosystems of the North American continental interior: drought, warming, snowpack disappearance, and altered fire regimes. Changes in these drivers will affect, for example, atmospheric smoke, dust, and reactive nitrogen concentrations; stream discharge; nitrate concentrations; sediment loads; and the vector-borne spread of invasive species and infectious diseases. A continental network of sensors and simulation models is required to detect changes in the transport vectors - atmospheric, hydrologic, and mechanized that connect spatial scales. Knowledge of these downwind, downstream, and down-corridor effects will be critical if we are to understand and forecast responses to climate change at regional to continental scales. C1 [Marshall, John D.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Blair, John M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Peters, Debra P. C.; Rango, Albert] USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Okin, Greg] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Williams, Mark] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Marshall, JD (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM jdm@uidcho.edu RI Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011; Blair, John/I-4082-2014; OI Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611; Blair, John/0000-0003-0072-0721; Okin, Gregory/0000-0002-0484-3537 NR 59 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 25 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 5 BP 273 EP 280 DI 10.1890/070165 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 307OT UT WOS:000256328900008 ER PT J AU Keller, M Schimel, DS Hargrove, WW Hoffman, FM AF Keller, Michael Schimel, David S. Hargrove, William W. Hoffman, Forrest M. TI A continental strategy for the National Ecological Observatory Network SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID ANTHROPOCENE; DELINEATION; ECOREGIONS; ERA C1 [Keller, Michael; Schimel, David S.] NEON Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Hargrove, William W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC USA. [Hoffman, Forrest M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Keller, M (reprint author), NEON Inc, Boulder, CO USA. RI Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011; Hoffman, Forrest/B-8667-2012 OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611; Hoffman, Forrest/0000-0001-5802-4134 NR 10 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 7 U2 43 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 6 IS 5 BP 282 EP 284 DI 10.1890/1540-9295(2008)6[282:ACSFTN]2.0.CO;2 PG 3 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 307OT UT WOS:000256328900010 ER PT J AU Proctor, RH Busman, M Seo, JA Lee, YW Plattner, RD AF Proctor, Robert H. Busman, Mark Seo, Jeong-Ah Lee, Yin Won Plattner, Ronald D. TI A fumonisin blosynthetic gene cluster in Fusarium oxysporum strain O-1890 and the genetic basis for B versus C fumonisin production SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fumonisins; mycotoxin biosynthetic genes; gene cluster; alpha-oxoamine synthase; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium verticillioides ID FUJIKUROI SPECIES COMPLEX; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; GIBBERELLA-MONILIFORMIS; C-5 HYDROXYLATION; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; BIOSYNTHETIC GENE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; VERTICILLIOIDES; SYNTHASE; ENCODES AB Most species of Fusarium that produce fumonisin mycotoxins produce predominantly B fumonisins (FBs). However, Fusarium oxysporum strain O-1890 produces predominantly C fumonisins (FCs). In this study, the nucleotide sequence of the fumonisin biosynthetic gene (FUM) cluster in strain O-1890 was determined. The order and orientation of FUM genes were the same as in the previously described clusters in Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum. Coding regions of F oxysporum and F verticillioides FUM genes were 88 - 92% identical, but regions flanking the clusters did not share significant identity. The FUM cluster gene FUM8 encodes an alpha-oxoamine synthase, and fum8 mutants of F verticillioides do not produce fumonisins. Complementation of a fum8 mutant with the F verticillioides FUM8 restored FB production. Complementation with F. oxysporum FUM8 also restored production, but the fumonisins produced were predominantly FCs. These data indicate that different orthologues of FUM8 determine whether Fusarium produces predominantly FBs or FCs. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Proctor, Robert H.; Busman, Mark; Plattner, Ronald D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Seo, Jeong-Ah; Lee, Yin Won] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Agr Biotechnol, Seoul, South Korea. RP Proctor, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM robert.proctor@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 6 BP 1016 EP 1026 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2008.02.004 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 307KL UT WOS:000256317700022 PM 18375156 ER PT J AU Qu, YY Mu, P Zhang, HL Chen, CY Gao, YM Tian, YX Wen, F Li, ZC AF Qu, Yanying Mu, Ping Zhang, Hongliang Chen, Charles Y. Gao, Yongming Tian, Yuxiu Wen, Feng Li, Zichao TI Mapping QTLs of root morphological traits at different growth stages in rice SO GENETICA LA English DT Article DE rice (Oryza sativa L.); root traits; QTLs mapping; developmental stages ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; DOUBLED-HAPLOID POPULATION; DROUGHT RESISTANCE; PLANT HEIGHT; UPLAND RICE; DEVELOPMENTAL BEHAVIOR; GENETIC DISSECTION; MOLECULAR MARKERS; LOCI; COMPONENTS AB Roots are a vital organ for absorbing soil moisture and nutrients and influence drought resistance. The identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with molecular markers may allow the estimation of parameters of genetic architecture and improve root traits by molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS). A mapping population of 120 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between japonica upland rice 'IRAT109' and paddy rice 'Yuefu' was used for mapping QTLs of developmental root traits. All plant material was grown in PVC-pipe. Basal root thickness (BRT), root number (RN), maximum root length (MRL), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW) and root volume (RV) were phenotyped at the seedling (I), tillering (II), heading (III), grain filling (IV) and mature (V) stages, respectively. Phenotypic correlations showed that BRT was positively correlated to MRL at the majority of stages, but not correlated with RN. MRL was not correlated to RN except at the seedling stage. BRT, MRL and RN were positively correlated to RFW, RDW and RV at all growth stages. QTL analysis was performed using QTLMapper 1.6 to partition the genetic components into additive-effect QTLs, epistatic QTLs and QTL-byyear interactions (Q x E) effect. The results indicated that the additive effects played a major role for BRT, RN and MRL, while for RFW, RDW and RV the epistatic effects showed an important action and Q x E effect also played important roles in controlling root traits. A total of 84 additive-effect QTLs and 86 pairs of epistatic QTLs were detected for the six root traits at five stages. Only 12 additive QTLs were expressed in at least two stages. This indicated that the majority of QTLs were developmental stage specific. Two main effect QTLs, brt9a and brt9b, were detected at the heading stage and explained 19% and 10% of the total phenotypic variation in BRT without any influence from the environment. These QTLs can be used in breeding programs for improving root traits. C1 [Qu, Yanying; Mu, Ping; Zhang, Hongliang; Tian, Yuxiu; Wen, Feng; Li, Zichao] China Agr Univ, Key Lab Crop Genom & Genet Improvement, Minist Agr, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Qu, Yanying; Mu, Ping; Zhang, Hongliang; Tian, Yuxiu; Wen, Feng; Li, Zichao] China Agr Univ, Beijing Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Qu, Yanying; Tian, Yuxiu; Wen, Feng] Xinjiang Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Urumqi 830052, Peoples R China. [Chen, Charles Y.] ARS, USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Gao, Yongming] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. RP Li, ZC (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Key Lab Crop Genom & Genet Improvement, Minist Agr, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. EM lizichao@cau.edu.cn NR 43 TC 44 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-6707 J9 GENETICA JI Genetica PD JUN PY 2008 VL 133 IS 2 BP 187 EP 200 DI 10.1007/s10709-007-9199-5 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 307IU UT WOS:000256313400010 PM 17823843 ER PT J AU Balogh-Brunstad, Z Keller, CK Dickinson, JT Stevens, F Li, CY Bormann, BT AF Balogh-Brunstad, Zsuzsanna Keller, C. Kent Dickinson, J. Thomas Stevens, Forrest Li, C. Y. Bormann, Bernard T. TI Biotite weathering and nutrient uptake by ectomycorrhizal fungus, Suillus tomentosus, in liquid-culture experiments SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; MINERAL DISSOLUTION; SILICATE MINERALS; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; MG2+ DEFICIENCY; REAL-TIME; PHLOGOPITE; KINETICS; ROCK; SOLUBILIZATION AB Ectomycorrhiza-forming fungi (EMF) alter the nutrient-acquisition capabilities of vascular plants, and may play an important role in mineral weathering and the partitioning of products of weathering in soils under nutrient-limited conditions. In this study, we isolated the weathering function of Suillus tomentosus in liquid-cultures with biotite micas incubated at room temperature. We hypothesized that the fungus would accelerate weathering by hyphal attachment to biotite surfaces and transmission of nutrient cations via direct exchange into the fungal biomass. We combined a mass-balance approach with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to estimate weathering rates and study dissolution features on biotite surfaces. Weathering of biotite flakes was about 2-3 orders of magnitude faster in shaken liquid-cultures with fungus compared to shaken controls without fungus, but with added inorganic acids. Adding fungus in nonshaken cultures caused a higher dissolution rate than in inorganic pH controls without fungus, but it was not significantly faster than organic pH controls without fungus. The K+, Mg2+ and Fe2+ from biotite were preferentially partitioned into fungal biomass in the shaken cultures, while in the nonshaken cultures, K+ and Mg2+ was lost from biomass and Fe2+ bioaccurnulated much less. Fungal hyphae attached to biotite surfaces, but no significant surface changes were detected by SEM. When cultures were shaken, the AFM images of basal planes appeared to be rougher and had abundant dissolution channels, but such channel development was minor in nonshaken conditions. Even under shaken conditions the channels only accounted for only 1/100 of the total dissolution rate of 2.7 x 10(-10) mol of biotite m(-2) s(-1). The results suggest that fungal weathering predominantly occurred not by attachment and direct transfer of nutrients via hyphae, but because of the acidification of the bulk liquid by organic acids, fungal respiration (CO2), and complexation of cations which accelerated dissolution of biotite. Results further suggest that both carbohydrate source (abundant here) and a host with which nutrients are exchanged (missing here) may be required for EMF to exert an important weathering effect in soils. Unsaturated conditions and physical dispersal of nutrient-rich minerals in soils may also confer a benefit for hyphal growth and attachment, and promote the attachment-mediated weathering which has been observed elsewhere on soil mineral surfaces. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Balogh-Brunstad, Zsuzsanna; Keller, C. Kent] Washington State Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dickinson, J. Thomas; Stevens, Forrest] Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Li, C. Y.; Bormann, Bernard T.] US Forest Serv, PNW, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Balogh-Brunstad, Z (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, POB 642812, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM zsuzsa@wsu.edu RI Keller, C/B-3205-2012 NR 96 TC 54 Z9 63 U1 6 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 72 IS 11 BP 2601 EP 2618 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.04.003 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 309MK UT WOS:000256464400003 ER PT J AU Schaberg, PG Hennon, PE D'Amore, DV Hawley, GJ AF Schaberg, Paul G. Hennon, Paul E. D'Amore, David V. Hawley, Gary J. TI Influence of simulated snow cover on the cold tolerance and freezing injury of yellow-cedar seedlings SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cold tolerance; decline; foliage; freezing injury; roots; soil temperature; yellow-cedar ID CHAMAECYPARIS-NOOTKATENSIS; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; FROST HARDINESS; RED SPRUCE; SCOTS PINE; MEMBRANE INTEGRITY; PICEA-GLAUCA; DECLINE; TEMPERATURE; SOIL AB It has been hypothesized that yellow-cedar [Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach] decline may result from root freezing injury following climate change-induced reductions in protective snow cover. To test this hypothesis, we measured the freezing tolerance and injury expression of yellow-cedar seedlings in three treatments that differed in the insulative protection they provided to soils during winter and spring: (1) full exposure to ambient temperatures (exposed treatment), (2) continuous protection from ambient temperatures via addition of perlite over pots (full protection), and (3) perlite protection only during winter and exposure to ambient temperatures during spring (partial protection). Foliage from all treatments was cold tolerant enough to prevent foliar freezing injury throughout the study period. However, on all sample dates, roots of seedlings from all treatments were only tolerant to about -5 degrees C - a level considerably warmer than the reported maximum cold tolerance for the species and well above the soil temperature recorded in the exposed treatment. As a result of this limited root cold tolerance, visibly uninjured roots of seedlings from the exposed treatment had significantly higher relative electrolyte leakage (REL) throughout the winter and early spring than seedlings in soil protection treatments. Seedlings from the exposed treatment also had significantly higher foliar REL values and greater visual foliar injury than seedlings from the other treatments starting in early spring. For both roots and foliage, REL measurements consistently detected tissue damage before visual injury was evident. Patterns of injury from both REL and visual injury assessments showed the same pattern: damage began with freezing injury to roots and subsequently became evident as foliar browning after spring temperatures increased. All seedlings in the exposed treatment eventually had 100% fine root damage and died. This progression of initial root damage followed by foliar browning and mortality after the onset of warming conditions is consistent with reports of yellow-cedar decline symptom development in the field. C1 [Schaberg, Paul G.] No Res Stn, USDA, Forest Serv, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Hennon, Paul E.; D'Amore, David V.] Pacific NW Res Stn, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Hawley, Gary J.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Schaberg, PG (reprint author), No Res Stn, USDA, Forest Serv, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. EM pschaberg@fs.fed.us NR 50 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 27 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 14 IS 6 BP 1282 EP 1293 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01577.x PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 298SK UT WOS:000255707200007 ER PT J AU Starks, PJ Zhao, D Brown, MA AF Starks, P. J. Zhao, D. Brown, M. A. TI Estimation of nitrogen concentration and in vitro dry matter digestibility of herbage of warm-season grass pastures from canopy hyperspectral reflectance measurements SO GRASS AND FORAGE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE canopy reflectance; forage nitrogen concentration; in vitro dry matter digestibility; model development and validation; warm-season grass pastures ID ESTIMATING LEAF NITROGEN; CHLOROPHYLL CONCENTRATION; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; ABSORPTION FEATURES; REMOTE ESTIMATION; BIOMASS; LEAVES; RATIOS; COTTON; RED AB Remote sensing of nitrogen (N) concentration and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) in herbage can help livestock managers make timely decisions for adjusting stocking rate and managing pastures during the grazing season. Traditional laboratory analyses of N and IVDMD are time-consuming and costly. Non-destructive measurements of canopy hyperspectral reflectance of pasture may provide a rapid and inexpensive means of estimating these measures of nutritive value. Using a portable spectroradiometer, canopy reflectance was measured in eight warm-season grass pastures in the USA in June and July in 2002 and 2003 to develop and validate algorithms for estimating N concentration and IVDMD of herbage. Nitrogen concentration of herbage was linearly correlated (r = 0.82; P < 0.001) with a ratio of reflectance in the 705- and 1685-nm wavebands (R(705)/R(1685)) and IVDMD was correlated with R(705)/R(535) (r = 0.74; P < 0.001). Compared with simple linear regressions of N concentration and IVDMD in herbage with two-waveband reflectance ratios, multiple regression, using maximum r(2) improvement, band-depth analysis with step-wise regression, and partial least-squares regression enhanced the correlation between N concentration and IVDMD of herbage and canopy reflectance values (0.81 <= |r| <= 0.90; P < 0.001). Validation of the prediction equations indicated that multiple regression only slightly improved accuracy of a model for predicting N concentration and IVDMD of herbage compared with simple linear regression of reflectance ratios. Results suggest that the N concentration and IVDMD of herbage of warm-season grass pastures can be rapidly and non-destructively estimated during the grazing season using canopy reflectance in a few narrow wavebands. C1 [Starks, P. J.; Brown, M. A.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Zhao, D.] Univ Florida, IFAS NFREC, Quincy, FL USA. RP Starks, PJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM patrick.starks@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0142-5242 J9 GRASS FORAGE SCI JI Grass Forage Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 63 IS 2 BP 168 EP 178 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2007.00619.x PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 301VN UT WOS:000255924100002 ER PT J AU Variyam, JN AF Variyam, Jayachandran N. TI Do nutrition labels improve dietary outcomes? SO HEALTH ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE diet quality; difference-in-differences; health information; information regulation; mandatory disclosure ID EDUCATION ACT; FOOD LABELS; INFORMATION; AMERICANS; CHOICES; SEARCH; MARKET; ADULTS; CLAIMS AB The disclosure of nutritional characteristics of most packaged foods became mandatory in the United States with the implementation of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) in 1994. Under the NLEA regulations, a 'Nutrition Facts' panel displays information on nutrients such as calories, total and saturated fats, cholesterol, and sodium in a standardized format. By providing nutrition information in a credible, distinctive, and easy-to-read format, the new label was expected to help consumers choose healthier, more nutritious diets. This paper examines whether the disclosure of nutrition information through the mandatory labels impacted consumer diets. Assessing the dietary effects of labeling is problematic due to the confounding of the label effect with unobserved label user characteristics. This self-selection problem is addressed by exploiting the fact that the NLEA exempts away-from home foods from mandatory labeling. Difference-in-differences models that account for zero away-from-home intakes suggest that the labels increase fiber and iron intakes of label users compared with label nonusers. In comparison, a model that does not account for self-selection implies significant label effects for all but two of the 13 nutrients that are listed on the label. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Variyam, JN (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 1800 M St,NW Room N2117, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM jvariyam@ers.usda.gov NR 25 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 22 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1057-9230 J9 HEALTH ECON JI Health Econ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 17 IS 6 BP 695 EP 708 DI 10.1002/hec.1287 PG 14 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 314PE UT WOS:000256820500004 PM 17990313 ER PT J AU Karanastasi, E Handoo, ZA Tzortzakakis, EA AF Karanastasi, E. Handoo, Z. A. Tzortzakakis, E. A. TI First report of Mesocriconema xenoplax (Nematoda : Criconematidae) in Greece and first record of Viburnum sp as a possible host for this ring nematode SO HELMINTHOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Greece; morphometrics; ring nematode; Rosellinia necatrix; Viburnum; grapevine AB In 2005, root and soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of Viburnum sp. plants in the yard of a house in Kifissia, Attica, Greece. The plants showed symptoms of yellowing and declining and all were dead within, approximately, one year. The roots were infected with the fungus Rosellinia necatrix. Several specimens of a ring nematode were recovered from soil and identified as Mesocriconema xenoplax based on morphological and morphometrical analysis of females. The nematode had been previously found on grapevines in Samos and Crete islands. This is the first report of M. xenoplax in Greece and the first record of Viburnum sp. as a host for this ring nematode. Additional information regarding distribution of this nematode in Greece is needed. C1 [Karanastasi, E.] Benaki Phytopathol Inst, Nematol Lab, Dept Entomol & Plant Zool, Kifisia 14561, Greece. [Handoo, Z. A.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tzortzakakis, E. A.] NAGREF, Inst Plant Protect, Nematol Lab, Iraklion, Crete, Greece. RP Karanastasi, E (reprint author), Benaki Phytopathol Inst, Nematol Lab, Dept Entomol & Plant Zool, St Delta 8, Kifisia 14561, Greece. EM E.Karanastasi@bpi.gr NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU VERSITA PI WARSAW PA SOLIPSKA 14A-1, 02-482 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0440-6605 J9 HELMINTHOLOGIA JI Helminthologia PD JUN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 2 BP 103 EP 105 DI 10.2478/s11687-008-0019-y PG 3 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA 309QB UT WOS:000256474200009 ER PT J AU Novy, A Hartman, JM Smouse, P Struwe, L Miller, C Skaradek, W Bonos, S AF Novy, Ari Hartman, Jean Marie Smouse, Peter Struwe, Lena Miller, Chris Skaradek, William Bonos, Stacy TI Can population genetics studies of Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) affect marsh restoration horticultural practices? SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Novy, Ari; Hartman, Jean Marie; Smouse, Peter; Struwe, Lena; Bonos, Stacy] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Miller, Chris; Skaradek, William] USDA, NRCS, Plant Mat Ctr, Cape May, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 594 EP 594 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900024 ER PT J AU Davis, A Perkins-Veazie, P Webber, C King, S Jeffery, J Bang, H AF Davis, Angela Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Webber, Charles, III King, Stephen Jeffery, Jennifer Bang, Haejeen TI Lycopene accumulation in watermelon SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Davis, Angela; Perkins-Veazie, Penelope; Webber, Charles, III] USDA ARS, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK USA. [King, Stephen; Jeffery, Jennifer; Bang, Haejeen] Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 614 EP 615 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900109 ER PT J AU Fish, WW AF Fish, Wayne W. TI Mother nature's packaging and organization of carotenoids in watermelon and cantaloupe SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Fish, Wayne W.] ARS, USDA, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 614 EP 614 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900108 ER PT J AU Lester, GE Hodges, DM AF Lester, Gene E. Hodges, D. Mark TI Seasonal and postharvest temperature impact on novel orange-fleshed honey dew fruit antioxidants SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Lester, Gene E.] ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Hodges, D. Mark] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Atlantic Food & Hort Res Ctr, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 615 EP 615 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900113 ER PT J AU Vinson, EL Woods, FM Perkins-Veazie, P Kemble, JM Davis, A Foshee, WG Burkett, JE AF Vinson, Edgar L., III Woods, Floyd M. Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Kemble, Joseph M. Davis, Angela Foshee, Wheeler G., III Burkett, Jason E. TI Ripeness determination in personal-size seedless watermelons: Preliminary results SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Vinson, Edgar L., III; Woods, Floyd M.; Kemble, Joseph M.; Foshee, Wheeler G., III] Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope; Davis, Angela] USDA ARS, S Cent Res Lab, Lane, OK USA. [Burkett, Jason E.] EV Smith Res Ctr, Hort Unit, Shorter, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 615 EP 615 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900110 ER PT J AU Woods, FM Vinson, EL Perkins-Veazie, P Davis, A Kemble, JM Foshee, WG Burkett, JE AF Woods, F. M. Vinson, E. L., III Perkins-Veazie, P. Davis, A. Kemble, J. M. Foshee, W. G. Burkett, J. E. TI Effect of maturity at harvest on lycopene content and antioxidant activity in 'Vanessa' personal-sized watermelon SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY FEB 02-04, 2008 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg C1 [Woods, F. M.; Vinson, E. L., III; Kemble, J. M.; Foshee, W. G.] Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Perkins-Veazie, P.; Davis, A.] USDA ARS, SCARL, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Burkett, J. E.] Alabama Agr Expt Stn, Shorter, AL 36075 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 615 EP 615 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900111 ER PT J AU Russo, VM AF Russo, V. M. TI Plant response of onion cultivars developed from green house-grown transplants to plant density and fertilizer rate SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Russo, V. M.] ARS, USDA, SCARL, Lane, OK 74555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 616 EP 616 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900116 ER PT J AU Brandenberger, L Webber, C Shrefler, J Wells, L AF Brandenberger, Lynn Webber, Charles, III Shrefler, James Wells, Lynda TI Racer efficacy study fall 2007 SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Brandenberger, Lynn; Wells, Lynda] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Hort, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Webber, Charles, III] ARS, USDA, SCARL, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Shrefler, James] Oklahoma State Univ, Wes Watkins Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Lane, OK 74555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 617 EP 617 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900120 ER PT J AU Harrison, HF Jackson, DM AF Harrison, Howard F., Jr. Jackson, D. Michael TI Differential clomazone, herbicide tolerance among sweetpotato genotypes SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Harrison, Howard F., Jr.; Jackson, D. Michael] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 620 EP 620 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900133 ER PT J AU Jackson, DM Harrison, HF AF Jackson, D. Michael Harrison, Howard F., Jr. TI A conservation tillage system for sweetpotato: Effects on pests and beneficial insects SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Jackson, D. Michael; Harrison, Howard F., Jr.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 621 EP 621 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900138 ER PT J AU Rashid, T Muhammad, A Abel, C Adams, L AF Rashid, T. Muhammad, A. Abel, C. Adams, L. TI Monitoring insects in sweetpotatoes with sweep net and sticky traps across Mississippi Delta: A comparative study SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Rashid, T.; Muhammad, A.] Alcorn State Univ, Extens Res Demonstrat Farm & Technol Transfer Ctr, Mound Bayou, MS 38762 USA. [Abel, C.; Adams, L.] USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 621 EP 621 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900139 ER PT J AU Ariss, JJ Thies, JA Kousik, CS Hassell, RL AF Ariss, Jennifer J. Thies, Judy A. Kousik, Chandrasekar S. Hassell, Richard L. TI Response of watermelon germplasm to southern root-knot nematode in field tests SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Ariss, Jennifer J.; Thies, Judy A.; Kousik, Chandrasekar S.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. [Hassell, Richard L.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 622 EP 623 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900144 ER PT J AU King, SR Vivoda, E Davis, AR AF King, Stephen R. Vivoda, Elisabetta Davis, Angela R. TI Watermelon research and development group 28th annual meeting SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [King, Stephen R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Vivoda, Elisabetta] Harris Moran Seed Co, Davis, CA USA. [Davis, Angela R.] ARS, USDA, SCARL, Lane, OK USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 622 EP 622 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900142 ER PT J AU Thies, JA Harrison, H LaBonte, D AF Thies, Judy A. Harrison, Howard LaBonte, Don TI Reaction of sweetpotato genotypes to different isolates of Meloidogyne incognita SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Thies, Judy A.; Harrison, Howard] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [LaBonte, Don] LSU AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 622 EP 622 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900141 ER PT J AU Adkins, S Kousik, CS Webb, SE Baker, CA Turechek, WW AF Adkins, Scott Kousik, Chandrasekar S. Webb, Susan E. Baker, Carlye A. Turechek, William W. TI Plant reservoirs of squash vein yellowing virus, causal agent of viral watermelon vine decline, and other whitefly-transmitted cucurbit viruses in Florida SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Adkins, Scott; Turechek, William W.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Kousik, Chandrasekar S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Webb, Susan E.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Baker, Carlye A.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 623 EP 623 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900147 ER PT J AU Thies, JA Ariss, JJ Kousik, CS Hassell, RL AF Thies, Judy A. Ariss, Jennifer J. Kousik, Chandrasekar S. Hassell, Richard L. TI Is grafting useful for managing root-knot nematodes in watermelon? SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Thies, Judy A.; Ariss, Jennifer J.; Kousik, Chandrasekar S.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. [Hassell, Richard L.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 623 EP 623 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900145 ER PT J AU Turechek, WW Adkins, S Kousik, CS Stansly, PA Roberts, PD AF Turechek, William W. Adkins, Scott Kousik, Chandrasekar S. Stansly, Philip A. Roberts, Pamela D. TI Patterns of multi-virus infections of watermelon at the plant and field levels in Florida SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Turechek, William W.; Adkins, Scott] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Kousik, Chandrasekar S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Stansly, Philip A.; Roberts, Pamela D.] Univ Florida, SWFERC, Immokalee, FL 34142 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 623 EP 624 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900148 ER PT J AU Kousik, CS Adkins, S Tarechek, WW Roberts, PD AF Kousik, C. S. Adkins, S. Tarechek, W. W. Roberts, P. D. TI Effects of silver plastic mulch and chemical treatments on development of whitefly-transmitted viral watermelon vine decline in Florida SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Kousik, C. S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Adkins, S.; Tarechek, W. W.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Roberts, P. D.] Univ Florida, IFAS, SWTREC, Immokalee, FL 34142 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 624 EP 624 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900149 ER PT J AU Perkins-Veazie, P Wu, GY Arney, M Collins, JK Siddiq, M Dolan, KD AF Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Wu, Guoyao Arney, Mark Collins, Julie K. Siddiq, Muhammad Dolan, Kirk D. TI Watermelon enhances arginine availability in an animal model of Type-II diabetes SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] USDA ARS, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Wu, Guoyao] Texas A&M Univ, Fac Nutr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wu, Guoyao] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Arney, Mark] Natl Watermelon Promot Board, Orlando, FL USA. [Collins, Julie K.] Eastern Oklahoma State Coll, Wilburton, OK USA. [Siddiq, Muhammad; Dolan, Kirk D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 624 EP 624 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900150 ER PT J AU Greer, SP Reed, S Adkins, J Rinehart, T AF Greer, Stephen P. Reed, Sandra Adkins, Jeff Rinehart, Timothy TI Micropropagation and tissue culture of Hydrangea macrophylla for mutagenesis, ploidy manipulation, and possible transformation SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Greer, Stephen P.; Rinehart, Timothy] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Reed, Sandra] USDA ARS, McMinnville, TN 37110 USA. [Adkins, Jeff] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Agr, SFA Stn, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 627 EP 627 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900164 ER PT J AU Makus, DJ AF Makus, D. J. TI Weed control in blackberries using synthetic ground covers SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JAN 03-05, 2008 CL Rutgers Univ, Brunswick, NJ HO Rutgers Univ C1 [Makus, D. J.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 627 EP 627 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900163 ER PT J AU Roberts, W Perkins-Veazie, P Taylor, M Shrefler, J AF Roberts, Warren Perkins-Veazie, Penny Taylor, Merritt Shrefler, Jim TI Bite-sized tomatoes: Cultivars and quality for a Farm-to-School lunch program SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY FEB 02-04, 2008 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg C1 [Roberts, Warren; Taylor, Merritt; Shrefler, Jim] Oklahoma State Univ, Wes Watkins Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Perkins-Veazie, Penny] USDA, SCARL, Lane, OK 74555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 629 EP 629 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900173 ER PT J AU Roberts, W Bruton, B Fish, W Taylor, M AF Roberts, Warren Bruton, Bennt Fish, Wayne Taylor, Merritt TI Melon types and cultivars grown with organic and synthetic fertilizers SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY FEB 02-04, 2008 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg C1 [Roberts, Warren; Taylor, Merritt] Oklahoma State Univ, Wes Watkins Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Bruton, Bennt; Fish, Wayne] USDA, SCARL, Lane, OK 74555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 629 EP 629 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900174 ER PT J AU Phillips, NC Larson, SR Drost, DT AF Phillips, Nathan C. Larson, Steven R. Drost, Daniel T. TI Detection of genetic variation in wild populations of three Allium species using amplified fragment length polymorphisms SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE genetic diversity; germplasm; divergence; Allium acuminatum; Allium brandegei; Allium passeyi ID SIMILARITY INDEX; DIVERSITY AB Three wild onion species native to the intermountain west in the United States-Allium acuminatum, A. brandegei, and A. passeyi-show horticultural potential , but little is known about patterns of genetic diversity among localized populations and geographical regions. We examined amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) within and among five Allium acuminatum, four A. brandegei, and three A. passeyi collection sites in Utah. These three congeners with contrasting abundance and distribution patterns provide an opportunity to investigate the role of geographic distance, altitude, and rarity in patterns of genetic divergence. The collection sites were selected along an altitudinal gradient to reflect ecogeographic variation. Individual plants from each of the 12 sites were genotyped using six AFLP primer combinations detecting DNA variation within and among all three species. Genetic differences between species were high enough to render comparisons among species impractical, so each species was analyzed separately for differences between populations and variability within populations. Similarity coefficients were significantly greater within collection sites versus among collection sites indicating divergence between populations. Within-population genetic diversity was not correlated with elevation for any of the three species. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 66% (A. acuminatum), 83% (A. passeyi), and 64% (A. brandegei) of observed variation is found within populations. Genetic divergence among populations (Phi(ST)) was higher in the widely distributed species, suggesting that inter-population gene flow may be negatively correlated with range size. Allium acuminatum and A. brandegei individuals cluster into groups corresponding strictly to collection sites based on neighbor-joining analysis of the total number of DNA polymorphisms between individual plants. Allium passeyi populations, however, had less overall genetic variation between populations. Genetic isolation by distance appeared responsible for much of the variability among populations, although there was one notable exception showing significant differences between two geographically close populations in A. acuminatum. C1 [Phillips, Nathan C.] Middle Tennessee State Univ, Sch Agribusiness & Agrisci, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. [Larson, Steven R.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Phillips, NC (reprint author), Middle Tennessee State Univ, Sch Agribusiness & Agrisci, Campus Box 5, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. EM nphillip@mtsu.edu NR 34 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 637 EP 643 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900180 ER PT J AU Goenaga, R Quiles, A Gillaspie, AG AF Goenaga, Ricardo Quiles, Adolfo Gillaspie, A. Graves TI Assessing yield potential of cowpea genotypes grown under virus pressure SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE yield; grain protein; Vigna unguiculata; Cucumber mosaic virus; Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus ID CUCUMBER-MOSAIC-VIRUS; REGISTRATION; GERMPLASM; RESISTANT AB Cowpea or Southernpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is an important grain legume in many parts of the tropics. However, viral diseases, particularly Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus (BICMV), can be a limiting factor in cowpea production. We evaluated in replicated field plots and under virus pressure nine PIs (441919, 441925, 441917, 147071, 146618, 180014, 180355, 194208, 612607) and three commercial cultivars (Coronet, KnuckleHull-VNR, Pinkeye Purplehull), some of which had shown absence of symptoms for CMV and BICMV in unreplicated, seed regeneration plots of the U.S. cowpea collection. Only 3% of all plots had plants infected with both CMV and BICMV in 2003 and 2004. This percentage increased to 47% in 2005. The accession PI 441917 had the highest 3-year mean for grain yield. However, PI 147071, PI 180014, and 'KnuckleHull-VNR' had higher seed protein concentration than other genotypes, but their grain yield was significantly lower than that of PI 441917. The cultivar Coronet and PI 180355 attained midbloom and maturity earlier than the other genotypes. Overall, PI 441917 outperformed all other genotypes for grain yield, including virus-resistant PI 612607 and the cultivar KnuckleHull-VNR. This accession is in the process of being released as a virus-tolerant genotype and should be useful in cowpea breeding programs to help control yield losses by CMV and BICMV. C1 [Goenaga, Ricardo; Quiles, Adolfo] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Gillaspie, A. Graves] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resource Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Goenaga, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 PA Campos Ave,Suite 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM Ricardo.Goenaga@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 673 EP 676 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900186 ER PT J AU Fain, GB Gilliam, CH Sibley, JL Boyer, CR Witcher, AL AF Fain, Glenn B. Gilliam, Charles H. Sibley, Jeff L. Boyer, Cheryl R. Witcher, Anthony L. TI WholeTree substrate and fertilizer rate in production of greenhouse-grown petunia (Petunia x hybrida Vilm.) and marigold (Tagetes patula L.) SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE media; wood fiber; Pinus taeda; loblolly pine; peatmoss ID PEAT; CROPS; FIBER; MOSS AB A substrate component (WholeTree) made from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) was evaluated along with starter fertilizer rate in the production of greenhouse-grown petunia (Petunia xhybrida Vilm. 'Dreams Purple') and marigold (Tagetes patula L. 'Hero Spry'). Loblolly pine from a 12-year-old plantation were harvested at ground level, chipped, and further processed through a hammer mill to pass a 0.64-cm screen. The resulting WholeTree (WT) substrate was used alone or combined with 20% (WTP2) or 50% (WTP5) (by volume) Canadian sphagnum peatmoss and compared with an industry standard peat-lite (PL) mix of 8 peatmoss : 1 vermiculite : 1 perlite (by volume). Substrates were amended with 1.78 kg.m(-3) dolomitic lime, 0.59 kg.m(-3) gypsum [CaSO4-2(H2O)], 0.44 kg-m(-3) Micromax, 1.78 kg.m(-3) 16N-2.6P-9.9K (3- to 4-month release), and 1.78 kg.m(-3) 16N-2.6P-10.8K (5- to 6-month release). A 7N-1.3P-8.3K starter fertilizer (SF) was added to each substrate at 0.0, 1.19, 2.37, or 3.56 kg.m(-3). Container capacity (CC) was greatest for PL and decreased as the percentage of peatmoss in the substrate decreased with WT having 35% less CC than PL. Conversely, air space (AS) was greatest for the WT and decreased as percentage of peatmoss increased with PL containing 33% less AS than WT. In general, petunia dry weight was greatest for any substrate containing peatmoss with a SF rate of 2.37 kg-m-3 or greater. The exception was that petunia grown in WT at 3.56 kg.m(-3) SF had similar dry weight as all other treatments. Marigold dry weight was similar for all substrates where at least 2.37 kg.m(-3) SF was used. C1 [Fain, Glenn B.; Gilliam, Charles H.; Sibley, Jeff L.; Boyer, Cheryl R.] Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Fain, Glenn B.; Witcher, Anthony L.] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Fain, GB (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, 101 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM gbf0002@auburn.edu NR 27 TC 20 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 700 EP 705 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900192 ER PT J AU Carter, CT Grieve, CM AF Carter, Christy T. Grieve, Catharine M. TI Mineral nutrition, growth, and germination of Antirrhinum majus L. (Snapdragon) when produced under increasingly saline conditions SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cut-flowers; salinity; seed germination; wastewater ID HORTICULTURAL CROPS; WATER; WASTEWATERS; TOLERANCE; TRANSPORT; RATIOS; PLANT AB The conservation of quality water is of special concern, especially in California, as the need for quality water increases with a growing population. Reusing saline wastewaters to irrigate salt-tolerant floral crops provides a viable option to produce quality marketable cut flowers while conserving the highest quality water for other purposes. A completely randomized design with three replications was used to investigate the effects of five salinity treatments 12.5 (control), 5,8,11,,14 dS-m(-1)] and two water ionic compositions: concentrations of Colorado River water (CCRW) and dilutions of sea water (SWD), on the mineral uptake, germination, growth, and quality of two cultivars of Antirrhinum majus ('Monaco Rose' and 'Apollo Cinnamon'). Seeds of both cultivars were sown in 30 greenhouse sand tanks. Leaves were collected 2 months after planting and analyzed for concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl-, K, total P, and total S. As salinity increased, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl-, and total S increased in plant tissues, whereas K+ and total P decreased in plant tissues for both cultivars in both irrigation solutions. Leaf nutrient composition was related to the interactions of ions within the substrate solutions and their ability to compete for uptake at the site of root membranes. Phenotypic measurements, made when plants were harvested, showed only slight decreases as salinity increased. A 2 x 5 factorial design was used to determine the effects of water ionic composition and salinity on the germination of seeds. Four replicate Petri dishes each with 25 seeds were exposed to constant temperature (20 degrees C) and an 8-h dark : 16-h light photoperiod to promote germination. Germination was checked daily for 16 d. Snapdragons can be produced from seed when exposed to salinities up to 14 dS.m(-1) using both SWD and CCRW ionic solutions for irrigation because germination remained at 92% or greater. Quality of the flowering stems was rated according to standards developed by the Society of American Florists. Marketable stems of both cultivars were produced in all treatments. Overall, quality of stems produced with saline waters ranging from 2.5 to 11 dS.m(-1) was very high ("special"). Irrigation with more saline water (14 dS.m(-1)) resulted in a slight reduction in quality and stems were rated as "fancy" depending on the cultivar. Both cut flower cultivars can be produced for commercial use under saline conditions up to at least 14 dS.m(-1). C1 [Carter, Christy T.; Grieve, Catharine M.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Carter, CT (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Biol, 122 Pennebaker Hall,Box 5063, Cookeville, TN 38506 USA. EM ctcarter@tntech.edu NR 33 TC 13 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 710 EP 718 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900195 ER PT J AU Zheljazkov, VD Cantrell, CL Evans, WB Ebelhar, MW Coker, C AF Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. Cantrell, Charles L. Evans, William B. Ebelhar, M. Wayne Coker, Christine TI Yield and composition of Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum sanctum L. grown at four locations SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sweet basil; holy basil; essential oil content; essential oil composition ID ESSENTIAL OIL; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; ACCESSIONS; CULTIVARS; QUALITY AB Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and holy basil (Ocimum sanctum L.) are the most widely grown basil species in the world either for the fresh market or for essential oil production. Both species are considered to be promising essential oil crops in the southeastern United States; however, research on oil production and composition of these species in Mississippi and the southeastern United States is lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate biomass productivity, oil content, and oil composition of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cvs. German and Mesten and holy basil (Ocimum sanctum L.) cv. Local grown at four locations in Mississippi. Overall, the three basil cultivars grew well; the fresh herbage and essential oil yields at three of the locations were high and comparable to basil yields reported in the literature. Essential oil content in air-dry herbage and the essential oil yields were as follows: 0.07% to 0.50% and 0.7 to 11.0 kg.ha(-1) in sweet basil cv. Mesten, 0.2% to 0.5% and 1.4 to 13.0 kg.ha(-1) in sweet basil cv. German, and 0.08% to 0.40% and 0.6 to 5.3 kg.ha(-1) in holy basil cv. Local, respectively. The main constituent of sweet basil cultivars was (-)-linalool with other constituents being camphor, alpha-humulene, eucalyptol, eugenol, (-)-bornyl acetate, methyl chavicol, trans-caryophyllene, alpha-trans-bergamotene, and cadinol. The main constituents of holy basil were methyl chavicol, eugenol, and eucalyptol with other constituents being gamma-humulene, humulene-epoxide II, (-)-trans-caryophyllene, alpha-trans-bergamotene, and gamma-cadinene. Our results suggest sweet and holy basils have a potential as new essential oil crops for Mississippi and possibly the southeastern United States and can provide oil yields and composition typical for the respective species. C1 [Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Mississippi State Univ, N Mississippi Res & Extens Ctr, Verona, MS 38879 USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Evans, William B.] Truck Crops Expt Stn, Crystal Springs, MS 39059 USA. [Ebelhar, M. Wayne] Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Coker, Christine] Coastal Res & Extens Ctr, Biloxi, MS 39532 USA. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, N Mississippi Res & Extens Ctr, 5421 Highway 145 S, Verona, MS 38879 USA. EM vj40@pss.msstate.edu NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 737 EP 741 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900199 ER PT J AU Boydston, RA Anderson, T Vaughn, SF AF Boydston, Rick A. Anderson, Treva Vaughn, Steven F. TI Mustard (Sinapis alba) seed meal suppresses weeds in container-grown ornamentals SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE containers; natural products; weed control ID GLUCOSINOLATE; PLANTS; GRASS; SOIL AB Mustard seed meal is a by product of mustard (Sinapis alba L.) grown for oil production. Developing new uses for mustard seed meal could increase the profitability of growing mustard. Seed meal of mustard, var. 'IdaGold', was applied to the soil surface to evaluate its effect on several common weeds in container-grown ornamentals. Mustard seed meal applied to the soil surface of containers at 113, 225, and 450 g.m(-2) reduced the number of annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) seedlings by 60%, 86%, and 98%, respectively, and the number of common chickweed (Stellaria media L.) seedlings by 61%, 74%, and 73%, respectively, at 8 weeks after treatment (WAT). Mustard seed meal applied to the soil surface after transplanting Rosa L. hybrid, var. 'Red Sunblaze', Phlox paniculata L., var. 'Franz Schubert', and Coreopsis auriculata L., var. 'Nana' did not injure or affect the flowering or growth of ornamentals. In separate experiments, mustard seed meal applied at 225 g.m(-2) to the soil surface reduced the number of emerged seedlings and fresh weight of creeping woodsorrel (Oxalis corniculata) 90% and 95%, respectively, at 8 WAT. Mustard seed meal applied at 450 g-m(-2) completely prevented woodsorrel emergence at 8 WAT. Mustard seed meal applied postemergence to established liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha L.) at 113, 225, and 450 g-m(-2) did not injure container-grown Pulsatilla vulgaris Mill., var. 'Heiler Hybrids Mixed' up to 6 WAT and controlled liverwort from 83% to 97% at 6 WAT. Weed suppression with mustard seed meal generally increased as rate increased from 113 to 450 g.m(-2). Mustard seed meal may be useful for selective suppression of annual weeds when applied to the soil surface of container-grown transplanted ornamentals. C1 [Boydston, Rick A.; Anderson, Treva] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Vaughn, Steven F.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Boydston, RA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM rick.boydston@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 800 EP 803 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900211 ER PT J AU Nyczepir, AP Brito, JA Dickson, DW Beckman, TG AF Nyczepir, Andrew P. Brito, Janete A. Dickson, Don W. Beckman, Thomas G. TI Host status of selected peach rootstocks to Meloidogyne mayaguensis SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Prunus persica; resistance; root-knot nematode ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; RESISTANCE; POPULATIONS; INCOGNITA; JAVANICA AB Six commonly known peach rootstocks (i.e., Flordaguard, Guardian (R), Halford, Lovell, Nemaguard, and Okinawa) were evaluated for their susceptibility to Meloidogyne mayaguensis in the greenhouse. All rootstocks were rated as either nonhosts (highly resistant) or poor hosts (resistant) of M. mayaguensis. Lovell generally supported greater numbers of M. mayaguensis eggs per plant and eggs per gram of dry root, whereas no nematode reproduction was noted on Flordaguard rootstock (nonhost). Root galling occurred on all six rootstocks. However, reproduction as measured by number of egg masses, eggs per plant, and eggs per gram of dry root was a better measure of host resistance than number of root galls per plant. C1 [Nyczepir, Andrew P.; Beckman, Thomas G.] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Brito, Janete A.] Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA. [Dickson, Don W.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Nyczepir, AP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM Andy.Nyczepir@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 804 EP 806 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900212 ER PT J AU Pinto, JR Chandler, RA Dumroese, RK AF Pinto, Jeremy R. Chandler, Rhiannon A. Dumroese, R. Kasten TI Growth, nitrogen use efficiency, and leachate comparison of subirrigated and overhead irrigated pale purple coneflower seedlings SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Echinacea pallida; mortality; runoff; electrical conductivity ID NEW-GUINEA IMPATIENS; RECIRCULATING SUBIRRIGATION; FERTILIZER CONCENTRATION; SUB-IRRIGATION; SYSTEM; NURSERY; NUTRITION; RELEASE; TOMATO AB Pale purple coneflower [Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.] was grown within three container volumes (90, 105, and 340 Cur) under subirrigation and overhead irrigation treatments. Subirrigated coneflowers showed increased seedling quality with more biomass (14%), better nitrogen use efficiency (13%), greater nitrogen content (N; 11%), more height (15%), and lower mortality compared with overhead-irrigated seedlings. Plants also showed increasing height, biomass, and N content with increasing container volume. Overhead irrigated coneflowers had more leachate compared with subirrigated seedlings, which produced none. Leachate electrical conductivity and N were monitored throughout the growing season and decreased at similar rates, whereas subirrigation effluent levels remained constant. Subirrigation offers a viable alternative to traditional overhead irrigation systems by producing this native plant with equal or better quality without discharging potentially harmful leachate into the environment. C1 [Pinto, Jeremy R.; Chandler, Rhiannon A.; Dumroese, R. Kasten] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Pinto, JR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM jpinto@fs.fed.us NR 36 TC 11 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 897 EP 901 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900228 ER PT J AU Burnett, SE Zhang, DL Stack, LB He, ZQ AF Burnett, Stephanie E. Zhang, Donglin Stack, Lois B. He, Zhongqi TI Effects of phosphorus on morphology and foliar nutrient concentrations of hydroponically grown Scaevola aemula R. Br. 'Whirlwind Blue' SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AVAILABILITY; SENSITIVITY AB In commercial greenhouses, fan flower 'Whirlwind Blue' (Scaevola aemula R. Br.) plants are sensitive to phosphorus applications in the range typically applied to other floricultural crops. To quantify this response, fan flower plants were grown in Hoagland solutions containing 0, 20, 40, 60, or 80 mg.L-1 P. Plants fertilized with either the highest (80 mg.L-1) or lowest (0 mg.L-1) P concentrations had significantly shorter stems and smaller shoot dry weights and leaf areas than plants fertilized with 20 to 60 mg.L-1 P. Low or high P concentrations negatively impacted flower number; fan flower fertilized with 0, 60, or 80 mg.L-1 P had fewer flowering branches and flowers compared with plants fertilized, with 20 to 40 mg.L-1 P. Plants receiving no P had longer roots than those receiving any P and had greater root dry weights than plants receiving all other P concentrations except 20 mg.L-1 . Foliar nutrient analysis indicated that although P treatments significantly impacted foliar concentrations of at least some essential macro- and micronutrients, all essential elements were within or near recommended ranges except P. Foliar P concentrations exceeded I mg.g(-1) in fan flower that received even the lowest concentration of supplemental P, but leaf chlorosis was only observed in plants grown in 60 to 80 mg.L-1 P. As a result of rapid accumulation of P in fan flower foliage and subsequent reductions in flower number and shoot elongation, fan flower should be fertilized with no more than 20 mg.L-1 P. C1 [Burnett, Stephanie E.; Zhang, Donglin] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Stack, Lois B.] Univ Maine Cooperat Extens, Orono, ME 04473 USA. [He, Zhongqi] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Burnett, SE (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, 5722 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM sburnett@maine.edu OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 902 EP 905 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900229 ER PT J AU Owen, JS Warren, SL Bilderback, TE Albano, JP AF Owen, James S., Jr. Warren, Stuart L. Bilderback, Ted E. Albano, Joseph P. TI Phosphorus rate, leaching fraction, and substrate influence on influent quantity, effluent nutrient content, and response of a containerized woody ornamental crop SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CHRYSANTHEMUM PRODUCTION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PHOSPHATE; POTASSIUM; RELEASE; GROWTH; MEDIA; WATER AB Production of containerized nursery crops requires high inputs of water and mineral nutrients to maximize plant growth to produce a salable plant quickly. However, input efficiencies remain below 50% resulting in major quantities of water and nutrients leached. This study was conducted to determine if production factors could be altered to increase water and phosphorus uptake efficiency (PUE) without sacrificing plant growth. The effects of a pine bark substrate amendment (clay or sand) and a 50% reduction in both P application rate (1.0 g or 0.5 g) and leaching fraction (LF = effluent divided by influent) (0.1 or 0.2) were investigated. Containerized Skogholm cotoneaster (Cotoneaster dammeri Schnied. 'Skogholm') was grown on gravel floor effluent collection plots that allowed for calculation of water and nutrient budgets. Pine bark amended with 11% (by vol.) Georgiana 0.25 to 0.85 mm calcined palygorksite-bentonite mineral aggregate (clay) increased available water 4% when compared with pine bark amended with 11% (by volume) coarse sand. Decreasing LF from 0.2 to 0.1 reduced cumulative container influent 25% and effluent volume 64%, whereas total plant dry weight was unaffected by LF. Reduction of target LF from 0.2 to 0.1 reduced dissolved reactive P concentration and content by 8% and 64%, respectively. In a sand-amended substrate, total plant dry weight decreased 16% when 1.0x P rate was reduced to 0.5x P, whereas total plant dry weight was unaffected by rate of P when pine bark was amended with clay. Plant content of all macronutrients, with the exception of N, increased when pine bark was amended with clay versus sand. Reducing P rate from 1.0x to 0.5x increased PUE 54% or 11 % in a clay or sand-amended substrate, respectively. Amending pine bark with 11% (by volume) 0.25 to 0.85 min calcined palygorksite-bentonite mineral aggregate produced an equivalent plant with half the P inputs and a 0.1 LF, which reduced water use 25% and P effluent losses 42% when compared with an industry representative substrate [8 pine bark: I sand (11% by volume)]. C1 [Owen, James S., Jr.] Oregon State Univ, N Willamette Res & Extens Ctr, Aurora, OR 97002 USA. [Warren, Stuart L.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Hort Forestry & Recreat Resources, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bilderback, Ted E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Albano, Joseph P.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Owen, JS (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, N Willamette Res & Extens Ctr, 15210 NE Miley Rd, Aurora, OR 97002 USA. EM jim.owen@oregonstate.edu NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 15 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 906 EP 912 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900230 ER PT J AU Reed, SM Bachman, GR Davis, WE AF Reed, Sandra M. Bachman, Gary R. Davis, W. Edgar TI 'Duet' beautyberry SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Reed, Sandra M.; Davis, W. Edgar] USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, Mcminnville, TN 37110 USA. [Bachman, Gary R.] Illinois State Univ, Dept Agr, Normal, IL 61790 USA. RP Reed, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, 472 Cardillac Lane, Mcminnville, TN 37110 USA. EM Sandra.Reed@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 933 EP 934 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900238 ER PT J AU Stommel, JR Griesbach, RJ AF Stommel, John R. Griesbach, Robert J. TI Capsicum annuum L. Lil' Pumpkin (TM) and Pepper Jack (TM) SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Stommel, John R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Griesbach, Robert J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Floral & Nursery Plant Res Unit, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Stommel, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Bldg 010A,BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM john.stommel@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 935 EP 938 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900239 ER PT J AU Stommel, JR Griesbach, RJ AF Stommel, John R. Griesbach, Robert J. TI Capsicum annuum L. Midnight Creeper (TM) and Solar Eclipse (TM) SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Stommel, John R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Griesbach, Robert J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Floral & Nursery Plant Res Unit, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Stommel, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Bldg 010A,BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM john.stommel@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 939 EP 942 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900240 ER PT J AU Ramming, DW AF Ramming, David W. TI 'Thomcord' grape SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID VITIS-VINIFERA C1 USDA ARS, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Ramming, DW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM david.ramming@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 945 EP 946 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900242 ER PT J AU Hardy, EM Blumenthal, DM AF Hardy, Erik M. Blumenthal, Dana M. TI An efficient and inexpensive system for greenhouse pot rotation SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RADIATION AB Large greenhouse experiments require frequent pot rotation to minimize the effects of variation in greenhouse climatic conditions. A manual rotation process is often cumbersome and labor-intensive. To increase the efficiency of the rotation process, we propose an inexpensive, modular system fabricated from widely available equipment typically used in materials handling applications. C1 [Hardy, Erik M.; Blumenthal, Dana M.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Hardy, EM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Erik.hardy@ars.usda.gov RI Blumenthal, Dana/J-3106-2012 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 965 EP 966 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 306KC UT WOS:000256245900249 ER PT J AU Ascunce, MS Gonzalez-Oliver, A Mulligan, CJ AF Ascunce, Marina S. Gonzalez-Oliver, Angelica Mulligan, Connie J. TI Y-Chromosome Variability in Four Native American Populations from Panama SO HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Y CHROMOSOME; SHORT TANDEM REPEATS (STRS); HAPLOTYPES; NATIVE AMERICANS; NGOBE; KUNA; EMBERA; WOUNAN; FORENSICS; LOWER CENTRAL AMERICA; PANAMA; COLOMBIA; VENEZUELA; DYS19; DYS385; DYS388; DYS389; DYS390; DYS391; DYS392; DYS393; DYS426; DYS439; DXYS156 ID AMERINDIAN MITOCHONDRIAL DNAS; NEW-WORLD; COSTA-RICA; DIVERSITY; MTDNA; HAPLOTYPES; SINGLE; MICROEVOLUTION; MICROSATELLITE; POLYMORPHISMS AB The allele and haplotype frequencies for 13 Y-chromosome short tandem repeats (STRs) [nine STR loci of the minimal Y-chromosome haplotype (DYS19-DYS385a-DYS385b-DYS3891-DYS38911-DYS390-DYS391-DYS392-DYS393) plus four additional loci (DYS388, DYS426, DYS439, DXYS156)] were determined in 99 males from 4 Panamanian native American populations, including the Chibcha-speaking Ngobe and Kuna and the Choco-speaking Embera and Wounan. Fifty haplotypes were identified, of which 48 (96%) were specific to a single population and 29 (63%) were found in only a single individual. Gene diversity per locus per population ranged from 0 to 0.814, with the highest gene diversity present at the DYS389II locus in the Embera. The haplotypic discrimination capacity was low, ranging from 42.3% in the Kuna to 63.1% in the Wounan. The four tribes showed a high degree of differentiation both at the Y chromosome and in the mitochondrial genome, highlighting the importance of genetic structure even in geographically proximate and linguistically related populations. C1 [Ascunce, Marina S.; Gonzalez-Oliver, Angelica; Mulligan, Connie J.] Univ Florida, Dept Anthropol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Gonzalez-Oliver, Angelica] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Ascunce, MS (reprint author), USDA ARS Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. FU Direccion General de Asuritos del Personal Academico (DGAPA); Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico FX We acknowledge the participation of the Ngobe, Kuna, Embera, and Wounan people in our study. We thank Eldredge Bermingham. who supported the initial stages of this project. and Mark Thomas, who provided control DNAs for calibration of the microsatellite alleles. We are grateful to A. Ruiz-Linares, M. C. Bortolim, and T. Karafet for providing the haplotype data published in their Studies. We thank G. Clark (Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida) and D. Shoemaker (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural. and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville. Florida) for comments on the manuscript. The Direccion General de Asuritos del Personal Academico (DGAPA), Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, provided support to Angelica Gonzilez-Oliver. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 9 PU WAYNE STATE UNIV PRESS PI DETROIT PA 4809 WOODWARD AVE, DETROIT, MI 48201-1309 USA SN 0018-7143 J9 HUM BIOL JI Hum. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 80 IS 3 BP 287 EP 302 PG 16 WC Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Genetics & Heredity GA 380SH UT WOS:000261485000005 PM 19130798 ER PT J AU Westphal, LM Longoni, M LeBlanc, CL Wali, A AF Westphal, Lynne M. Longoni, Mario LeBlanc, Cherie L. Wali, Alaka TI Anglers' appraisals of the risks of eating sport-caught fish from industrial areas: Lessons from Chicago's Calumet region SO HUMAN ECOLOGY REVIEW LA English DT Article DE urban angling/fishing; fish consumption; risk perception; ethnography; rustbelt landscapes ID CONSUMPTION ADVISORIES; HEALTH-BENEFITS; NEW-JERSEY; PERCEPTION; COMMUNICATION; INFORMATION; KNOWLEDGE; AWARENESS; ESTUARY AB We conducted a participant observation study of recreational fishing in the industrialized Calumet region of northwest Indiana and southeast Chicago to gage the extent of fishing for consumption and to learn about perceptions of the risks of eating contaminated fish. Of the 97 study participants who provided definitive information about their fish consumption habits, 70% reported ever eating fish from Calumet waters. When assessing pollution, anglers relied mainly on their senses, personal experiences, judgment, and/or information from friends, family, and other anglers rather than on written fishing guides, local officials, or the media. When considering consumption risks, they focused on four primary factors: the general environment, water quality, fish characteristics, and observable human health. Different anglers used different risk assessment cues. There were also differences in risk perceptions and fish consumption patterns across racial-ethnic lines. Finally, we consider the challenges of disseminating risk information to diverse urban populations. C1 [Westphal, Lynne M.; LeBlanc, Cherie L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, N Res Stn, Evanston, IL USA. [Longoni, Mario; Wali, Alaka] Field Museum, Ctr Cultural Understanding & Change, Chicago, IL USA. RP Westphal, LM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, N Res Stn, Evanston, IL USA. EM lwestphal@fs.fed.us NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU SOC HUMAN ECOLOGY PI BAR HARBOR PA 105 EDEN ST, BAR HARBOR, ME 04609 USA SN 1074-4827 J9 HUM ECOL REV JI Hum. Ecol. Rev. PD SUM PY 2008 VL 15 IS 1 BP 46 EP 62 PG 17 WC Environmental Studies; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Sociology GA 250NP UT WOS:000252307600005 ER PT J AU Valaitis, AP AF Valaitis, Algimantas P. TI Bacillus thuringiensis pore-forming toxins trigger massive shedding of GPI-anchored aminopeptidase N from gypsy moth midgut epithelial cells SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; pore-forming toxins; aminopeptidase n; shedding; signal transduction ID BORDER MEMBRANE-VESICLES; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; AUREUS ALPHA-TOXIN; DELTA-ENDOTOXIN; INSECTICIDAL PROTEIN; CRYSTAL TOXIN; LARVAL MIDGUT; CRY1A TOXINS; IN-VITRO; RECEPTOR AB The insecticidal Cry proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis strains are pore-forming toxins (PFTs) that bind to the midgut brush border membrane and cause extensive damage to the midgut epithelial cells of susceptible insect larvae. Force-feeding B. thuringiensis PFTs to Lymantria dispar larvae elicited rapid and massive shedding of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored aminopeptidase N (APN) from midgut epithelial cells into the luminal fluid, and depletion of the membrane-anchored enzyme on the midgut epithelial cells. The amount of APN released into the luminal fluid of intoxicated larvae was dose- and time-dependent, and directly related to insecticidal potency of the PFTs. The induction of toxin-induced shedding of APN was inhibited by cyclic AMP and MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitors PD98059 and 00126, indicating that signal transduction in the MEK/ERK pathway is involved in the regulation of the shedding process. APN released from epithelial cells appears to be generated by the action of a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) cleavage of the GPI anchor based upon detection of a cross-reacting determinant (CAD) on the protein shed into the luminal fluid. Alkaline phosphatase was also released from the gut epithelial cells, supporting the conclusion that other GPI-anchored proteins are released as a consequence of the activation PI-PLC. These observations are the basis of a novel and highly sensitive tool for evaluating the insecticidal activity of new Cry proteins obtained though discovery or protein engineering. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Valaitis, AP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM avalaitis@fs.fed.us NR 40 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 6 BP 611 EP 618 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2008.03.003 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 317EP UT WOS:000257002900001 PM 18510972 ER PT J AU Pechanova, O Stone, WD Monroe, W Nebeker, TE Klepzig, KD Yuceer, C AF Pechanova, O. Stone, W. D. Monroe, W. Nebeker, T. E. Klepzig, K. D. Yuceer, C. TI Global and comparative protein profiles of the pronotum of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE southern pine beetle; Dendroctonus frontalis; pronotum; mycangium; proteomics; differential gel electrophoresis ID 2-DIMENSIONAL GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE PROTEINS; UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ENZYME; DROSOPHILA ACTIN GENES; ARGININE KINASE; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; GENOME SEQUENCE; GLAND PROTEINS AB The southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann) kills all pines within its range and is among the most important forest pest species in the US. Using a specialized mycangium surrounded by gland cells in the pronotum, adult females culture, transport, and inoculate two fungi into beetle galleries during oviposition. These fungal symbionts, to varying degrees, exclude antagonistic fungi and provide nutrients to larvae. However, the mechanisms (e.g. secreted antibiotic chemicals or nutrients, proteins or pathways) by which this relationship is maintained are not known. Here we present the first global and differential proteome profile of the southern pine beetle pronotum. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide electrophoresis, tandem mass spectrometry, and database searches revealed that the majority of pronotal proteins were related to energy-yielding metabolism, contractile apparati, cell structure, and defence. The identified proteins provide important insights into the molecular and biochemical processes of, and candidates for functional genomics to understand mycangia and pronotum functions in, the southern pine beetle. C1 [Pechanova, O.; Yuceer, C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Stone, W. D.; Nebeker, T. E.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Monroe, W.] Mississippi State Univ, Elect Micorscope Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Klepzig, K. D.] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Yuceer, C (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Box 9681, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM mcy1@ra.msstate.edu NR 71 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 17 IS 3 BP 261 EP 277 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2008.00801.x PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 299KB UT WOS:000255753400007 PM 18477241 ER PT J AU Gomez-Guerrero, A Chavez-Aguilar, G Fenn, ME Vargas-Hernandez, J Horwath, WR AF Gomez-Guerrero, Armando Chavez-Aguilar, Griselda Fenn, Mark E. Vargas-Hernandez, Jesus Horwath, William R. TI Foliar nitrogen uptake in simulated wet deposition in Abies religiosa SO INTERCIENCIA LA Spanish DT Article ID NORWAY SPRUCE; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; KARST SEEDLINGS; RED SPRUCE; N-UPTAKE; N-15; RETENTION AB To evaluate foliar absorption of inorganic nitrogen by simulated wet deposition in Abies religiosa, a greenhouse factorial experiment was established with three-year old seedlings using a randomized design. Eight treatments resulted from the combination of N form (NO(3)(-) or NH(4)(+)), dose (high or low) and runoff to the substrate (with and without). (15)N was used to evaluate N absorption. Plants were harvested and current year foliage, foliage >1 year old, twigs, stem and roots were separated. The form of N and dose had significant effects (p=0.001) in all plant components, showing higher recovery with NO(3)(-) as source and at a high dose. Runoff increased recovery in twigs, stem and roots. Current-year foliage showed the highest N absorption. N absorption by the whole plant was nine and three times higher with NO(3)(-) than with NH(4)(+) for foliage >1 year and roots, respectively. N absorption was higher in the stem than in other plant components, whereas foliage >1 year was the least sensitive component to N absorption. The average amount of N recovered per plant was 1.8mg N. Aboveground N-NO(3)(-) recovery reached 57%, probably because the plants were not exposed to rainfall that could wash NO(3)(-) from the canopy. The results suggest a high potential of N absorption by the foliage and branches of A. religiosa. The initial symptoms of N saturation documented in the Valley of Mexico may worsen if air pollution remains uncontrolled. The effects of N deposition may occur via foliage before soil N is affected. C1 [Gomez-Guerrero, Armando; Horwath, William R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Fenn, Mark E.] UC, Riverside, CA USA. [Fenn, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. [Vargas-Hernandez, Jesus] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Horwath, William R.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Gomez-Guerrero, A (reprint author), Km 36-5,Carr Mexico Texcoco, Mondecillo 56230, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. EM agomez@colpos.mx; grischavez@colpos.mx; mferm@fs.fed.us; hj@colpos.mx; wrhorwath@ucdavis.edu NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 15 PU INTERCIENCIA PI CARACAS PA APARTADO 51842, CARACAS 1050A, VENEZUELA SN 0378-1844 J9 INTERCIENCIA JI Interciencia PD JUN PY 2008 VL 33 IS 6 BP 429 EP 434 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 325GD UT WOS:000257576100006 ER PT J AU Khaustov, AA Moser, JC AF Khaustov, Alexandr A. Moser, John C. TI Two new species of mites of the genera Petalomium Cross and Caesarodispus Mahunka (Acari : Heterostigmata : Neopygmephoridae, Microdispidae) associated with Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) from the USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acari; Heterostigmata; Microdispidae; Neopygmephoridae; Petalomium; Caesarodispus; new species; Solenopsis invicta; USA ID ANT AB Two new species of myrmecophilous pygmephoroid mites, Petalomium hofstetteri n. sp. (Neopygmephoridae) and Caesarodispus klepzigi n. sp. (Microdispidae), associated with the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are described from Louisiana, U.S.A. C1 [Khaustov, Alexandr A.] Natl Sci Ctr, Nikita Bot Gardens, UA-98648 Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine. [Moser, John C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Khaustov, AA (reprint author), Natl Sci Ctr, Nikita Bot Gardens, UA-98648 Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine. EM alkhaustov@mail.ru; jmoser@fsfied.us RI Khaustov, Alexander/S-1303-2016 OI Khaustov, Alexander/0000-0002-0306-112X NR 10 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU INDIRA PUBLISHING HOUSE PI WEST BLOOMFIELD PA P O BOX 250456, WEST BLOOMFIELD, MI 48325-0456 USA SN 0164-7954 J9 INT J ACAROL JI Int. J. Acarol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 34 IS 2 BP 115 EP 121 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 308AN UT WOS:000256360800001 ER PT J AU Cardamone, JM AF Cardamone, Jeanette M. TI Keratin transamidation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article DE keratin; wool; transglutaminase; self-crosslinking; transamidation ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MEDIATED CROSS-LINKING; TRINITROBENZENESULFONIC ACID; AMINO-GROUPS; TRANSGLUTAMINASE; WOOL; PROTEINS; HYDROLYSIS; GLUTAMINE; BINDING AB Low molecular weight keratin was self-crosslinked by microbial transglutaminase (mTGase) for application to wool fabric. From amino acid determination, keratin produced by the alkaline hydrolysis of wool showed requisite glutamine and lysine required for mTGase-mediated transamidation. Keratin showed less lysyl amine content after combination with mTGase as proof of self-crosslinking. Gel electrophoretic patterns provided evidence of self-crosslinking with the development of relatively higher molecular weight protein bands within 30 min after mTGase was combined with keratin at 30 degrees C. Increase in the deconvoluted amide 11 band from IR spectra of keratin after combination with mTGase provided further evidence of transamidation. By examining the ability of keratin to self-crosslink, past findings were elucidated whereby mTGase-mediated crosslinking imparted strength to wool and keratin controlled its dimensional stability. mTGase-catalyzed isopeptide bond formation of keratin to form monosubstituted gamma-amides of peptide-bound glutamine in epsilon-amino-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine crosslinks. This system was effective for binding wool to wool, keratin to wool, and keratin to keratin in self-crosslinking. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Cardamone, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM jan.cardamone@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-8130 J9 INT J BIOL MACROMOL JI Int. J. Biol. Macromol. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 5 BP 413 EP 419 DI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2008.02.004 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 317SI UT WOS:000257039600002 PM 18395791 ER PT J AU Stevenson, DG Eller, FJ Jane, JL Inglett, GE AF Stevenson, David G. Eller, Fred J. Jane, Jay-Lin Inglett, George E. TI Structure and physicochemical properties of defatted and pin-milled oat bran concentrate fractions separated by air-classification SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE oat bran; air-classification; physicochemical properties; lipid extraction; starch; beta-glucan ID AMYLOSE-LIPID COMPLEXES; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; HIGH-BETA-GLUCAN; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; HIGH-PROTEIN; TEMPERATURE TREATMENT; MOLECULAR-WEIGHTS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; BILE-ACIDS AB Oat bran concentrate (OBC) was defatted by supercritical carbon dioxide, pin-milled and air-classified into five fractions (< 15, 15-18, 18-24, 24-30 and > 30 mu m). beta-glucan content (% dry weight) of defatted OBC, its subsequent pin-milling and the air-classified fractions in ascending particle size was 14.3, 17.0, 4.3, 5.8, 12.6, 14.7 and 22.4, respectively. High-performance size-exclusion chromatography equipped with multi-angle laser-light scattering and refractive index detectors showed that amylopectin was the predominant molecule present in all OBC powders but was present in greater concentration in fractions collected that were < 24 mu m. Fractions > 24 mu m, which had the highest beta-glucan contents had higher starch gelatinisation temperatures (measured using differential scanning calorimeter), and had substantially higher peak, breakdown, final and setback paste viscosity (measured using Rapid Visco Analyser, Foss North America, Eden Prairie, MN, USA) compared with the other lower-beta-glucan containing fractions. No differences in water retention of 25% (w/w) oat powders in water (measured using thermogravimetric analyser) were observed among defatted OBC, its subsequent pin-milling and the five fractions separated by air-classification. In particular, differences in pasting properties show that defatted, pin-milled OBC that is fractionated by air-classification will have different food applications depending on particle size collected. C1 [Stevenson, David G.; Inglett, George E.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Eller, Fred J.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops Prod Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Jane, Jay-Lin] Iowa State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Stevenson, DG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM David.Stevenson@ars.usda.gov NR 67 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0950-5423 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 6 BP 995 EP 1003 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2007.01547.x PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 298UC UT WOS:000255711600004 ER PT J AU Benson, AC Torode, ME Singh, MAF AF Benson, A. C. Torode, M. E. Singh, M. A. Fiatarone TI The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article DE resistance training; children; adolescent; waist circumference; RCT ID GLYCEMIC CONTROL; OBESE CHILDREN; DIETARY INTERVENTION; VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; BODY-COMPOSITION; EXERCISE AB Background: High-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) improves adiposity and metabolic risk in adults, but has not been investigated in children within a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Objective: We hypothesized that high-intensity PRT (8 weeks, twice a week) would decrease central adiposity in children, as assessed via waist circumference. Methods Design/Setting/Participants: Concealed randomization stratified by age and gender was used to allocate rural New Zealand school students to the wait-list control or PRT group. Intervention: Participants were prescribed two sets (eight repetitions per set) of 11 exercises targeting all the major muscle groups at high intensity. Primary Outcome: Waist circumference; secondary outcomes included whole body fat, muscular fitness ( one repetition maximum), cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen consumption during a treadmill test), lipids, insulin sensitivity and fasting glucose. Results: Of the 78 children ( 32 girls and 46 boys; mean age 12.2(1.3) years), 51% were either overweight (33%) or obese (18%). High-intensity PRT significantly improved waist circumference ( mean change PRT -0.8 (2.2) cm vs +0.5 (1.7) cm control; F = 7.59, P = 0.008), fat mass ( mean change PRT +0.2 (1.4) kg vs +1.0 (1.2) kg control; F = 6.00, P = 0.017), percent body fat ( mean change PRT -0.3 (1.8)% vs +1.2 (2.1)% control; F = 9.04, P = 0.004), body mass index ( mean change PRT -0.01 (0.8) kg m(-2) vs +0.4 (0.7) kg m(-2) control; F = 6.02, P = 0.017), upper body strength ( mean change PRT + 11.6(6.1) kg vs +2.9(3.7) kg control; F = 48.6, P < 0.001) and lower body strength ( mean change PRT + 42.9(26.6) kg vs +28.5( 26.6) kg control; F = 4.72, P = 0.034) compared to the control group. Waist circumference decreased the most in those with the greatest baseline relative strength (r= -0.257, P = 0.036), and greatest relative (r= 0.400, P = 0.001) and absolute (r = 0.340, P = 0.006) strength gains during the intervention. Conclusion: Isolated high-intensity PRT significantly improves central and whole body adiposity in association with muscle strength in normal-weight and overweight children. The clinical relevance and sustainability of these changes in adiposity should be addressed in future long-term studies. C1 [Benson, A. C.] RMIT Univ, Sch Med Sci, Discipline Exercise Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Benson, A. C.; Torode, M. E.; Singh, M. A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Exercise & Sport Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, M. A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, M. A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Hebrew SeniorLife & Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ct, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Benson, AC (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Med Sci, Discipline Exercise Sci, Plenty Rd, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia. EM acbkiwi@clear.net.nz OI Benson, Amanda Clare/0000-0003-2959-8969 NR 61 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 3 U2 22 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1016 EP 1027 DI 10.1038/ijo.2008.5 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 314DF UT WOS:000256788500018 PM 18283282 ER PT J AU Favi, F Cantrell, CL Mebrahtu, T Kraemer, ME AF Favi, Francoise Cantrell, Charles L. Mebrahtu, Tadesse Kraemer, Mark E. TI Leaf peltate glandular trichomes of Vernonia galamensis ssp Galamensis var. Ethiopica gilbert: Development, ultrastructure, and chemical composition SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE glaucolides; sesquiterpene lactones; Vernonia galamensis; trichomes ID CV DRAMATIC COMPOSITAE; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITIES; WILD CHIMPANZEES; ARTEMISIA-ANNUA; AMYGDALINA DEL; FINE-STRUCTURE; ASTERACEAE; ONTOGENY; HISTOCHEMISTRY AB Plants from the genus Vernonia produce a variety of flavonoids and bitter sesquiterpene lactones important for agriculture and human health. Leaf glandular trichomes of Vernonia galamensis ssp. galamensis var. ethiopica Gilbert ( VGAE) were investigated for ultrastructural development and content composition because sesquiterpene lactones that impart a bitter taste to the leaves have been associated with the presence of these glands. Trichome ultrastructure was examined using LM, SEM, and TEM. Glands were removed from the leaf surface, and the chemical composition of gland contents was determined using HPLC and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Immature and mature 10-celled peltate biseriate glandular trichomes were present only at the abaxial side of the leaf. A large subcuticular space ( head) developed from the most distal cell pair of the mature trichome and gradually filled with an osmiophillic substance. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the peltate trichome is a major source of prevernocistifolide-8-O-isobutyrate. This glaucolide-type sesquiterpene lactone was previously identified as a major constituent of the aerial parts of VGAE. C1 [Favi, Francoise; Mebrahtu, Tadesse; Kraemer, Mark E.] Virginia State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Petersburg, VA 23805 USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.] Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Favi, F (reprint author), Virginia State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Petersburg, VA 23805 USA. EM ffavi@vsu.edu NR 60 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 9 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-5893 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 169 IS 5 BP 605 EP 614 DI 10.1086/533598 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 303LS UT WOS:000256042600002 ER PT J AU Cai, H Wei, W Davis, RE Chen, H Zhao, Y AF Cai, Hong Wei, Wei Davis, Robert E. Chen, Hairu Zhao, Yan TI Genetic diversity among phytoplasmas infecting Opuntia species: virtual RFLP analysis identifies new subgroups in the peanut witches'-broom phytoplasma group SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; CANDIDATUS-PHYTOPLASMA; 1ST REPORT; PHYTOPATHOGENIC MOLLICUTES; PROLIFERATION PHYTOPLASMA; LEAF PHYTOPLASMA; CLUSTAL-X; 16S RDNA; CLASSIFICATION AB Phytoplasmas were detected in cactus (Opuntia species) plants exhibiting witches'-broom disease symptoms in Yunnan Province, south-western China. Comparative and phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that an overwhelming majority of the cactus-infecting phytoplasmas under study belonged to the peanut witches'-broom phytoplasma group (116SrII). Genotyping through use of computer-simulated restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of 16S rRNA genes revealed a remarkable genetic diversity among these cactus-infecting phytoplasma strains. Based on calculated coefficients of RFLP pattern similarities, seven new 16SrII subgroups were recognized, bringing the total of described group 16SrII subgroups to 12 worldwide. Geographical areas differed from one another in the extent of genetic diversity among cactus-infecting phytoplasma strains. The findings have implications for relationships between ecosystem distribution and the emergence of group 16SrII subgroup diversity. C1 [Wei, Wei; Davis, Robert E.; Zhao, Yan] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cai, Hong; Chen, Hairu] Yunnan Agr Univ, Key Lab Plant Pathol, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yan.zhao@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 58 BP 1448 EP 1457 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.65615-0 PN 6 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 321AT UT WOS:000257277200030 PM 18523193 ER PT J AU Labeda, DP Kroppenstedt, RM AF Labeda, D. P. Kroppenstedt, R. M. TI Proposal for the new genus Allokutzneia gen. nov within the suborder Pseudonocardineae and transfer of Kibdelosporangium albatum Tomita et al. 1993 as Allokutzneria albata comb. nov. SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROTHRIX AB During the course of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences for all currently described taxa within the family Pseudonocardineae, it became evident that Kibdelosporangium albatum DSM 44149(T) was misplaced within the genus Kibdelosporangium and is phylogenetically most closely related to the genus Kutzneria. Chemotaxonomic analyses revealed that Kibdelosporangium albatum differed from Kutzneria in containing arabinose as well as galactose and mannose as diagnostic whole-cell sugars. The polar lipid pattern was distinct from both Kibdelosporangium and Kutzneria species in containing phosphatidylethanolamine containing 2-hydroxy fatty acids, lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine and lyso-phosphatidylmethylethanolamine as well as phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. These data preclude the inclusion of this strain within the genus Kutzneria or Kibdelosporangium and a new genus is proposed, to be named Allokutzneria gen. nov. The type species of this new genus is Allokutzneria albata gen. nov., comb. nov., the type strain of which is R761-7(T) (=NRRL B-24461(T) =DSM 44149(T) =ATCC 55061(T)). C1 [Labeda, D. P.] Agr Res Serv, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kroppenstedt, R. M.] DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms & Cell Cultu, Braunschweig, Germany. RP Labeda, DP (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM david.labeda@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 58 BP 1472 EP 1475 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.65474-0 PN 6 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 321AT UT WOS:000257277200034 PM 18523197 ER PT J AU Lay, DC Kattesh, HG Cunnick, JE Daniels, MJ McMunn, KA Toscano, MJ Roberts, MP AF Lay, D. C., Jr. Kattesh, H. G. Cunnick, J. E. Daniels, M. J. McMunn, K. A. Toscano, M. J. Roberts, M. P. TI Prenatal stress effects on pig development and response to weaning SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cortisol; corticosteroid-binding globulin; immune; prenatal; stress; swine ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL RESPONSES; JUVENILE RHESUS-MONKEYS; SOCIAL STRESS; MATERNAL STRESS; PREGNANT SOWS; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE; PLASMA TESTOSTERONE; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; NEONATAL PIGS AB Exposing a pregnant sow to stress has been shown to affect the resulting offspring. Our objective was to determine if rough handling of pregnant sows altered the physiology of her offspring and if these alterations were different from an experimentally induced model of prenatal stress. Sow treatments consisted of i.v. injections of ACTH (1 IU/kg of BW), exposure to rough handling for 10 min (Rough), or no treatment (Control) once a week during d 42 to 77 of gestation. To determine the plasma cortisol response to treatments, blood (5 mL) was collected from 30 sows after treatment administration. To conduct the prenatal stress study, a separate group of 56 sows was used in 1 of 4 replicates. At birth, production data were collected for each litter, including birth weight, number born, anogenital distance, and pig viability. At weaning, pigs were blocked by BW and sex, and placed in a nursery pen of 6 pigs, with 2 pigs from each treatment group. To assess the effect of treatments on cortisol, corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), and hematological cell profiles, blood was collected every other day for 10 d after weaning. Application of treatments caused plasma cortisol concentrations to be greatest in ACTH sows compared with Control sows (P < 0.001), with Rough sows having intermediate values (P = 0.07). Treatments did not affect the number of pigs born, number of stillborn, or pig viability (P > 0.40). The ratio of cortisol to CBG did not differ between treatments (P = 0.09). Hematological variables did not differ between treatments (P > 0.19). Pigs born to ACTH sows had a smaller anogenital distance compared with controls (P < 0.03), with pigs from Rough sows being intermediate. Our data indicate that swine exposed to prenatal stress (ACTH injection) can have alterations in sexual morphology without effects on growth or the immune cell populations measured in this study. C1 [Lay, D. C., Jr.; McMunn, K. A.; Toscano, M. J.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Liverstock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47980 USA. [Kattesh, H. G.; Roberts, M. P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Cunnick, J. E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50014 USA. [Daniels, M. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Daniels, M. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Stat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Lay, DC (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Liverstock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47980 USA. EM Don.Lay@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1316 EP 1324 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0812 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 303RZ UT WOS:000256059900005 PM 18272847 ER PT J AU Flores, R Looper, ML Rorie, RW Hallford, DM Rosenkrans, CF AF Flores, R. Looper, M. L. Rorie, R. W. Hallford, D. M. Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr. TI Endocrine factors and ovarian follicles are influenced by body condition and somatotropin in postpartum beef cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cow; body condition; follicle; insulin-like growth factor-I; somatotropin; thyroid hormone ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; RECOMBINANT BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN; NEGATIVE-ENERGY-BALANCE; HORMONE-RELEASING-FACTOR; LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; BOS-INDICUS HEIFERS; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; FOLLICULAR DEVELOPMENT; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; THYROID-HORMONES AB Multiparous beef (1/4 to 3/8 Bos indicus; n = 99) cows were managed to achieve low (BCS = 4.3 +/- 0.1; n = 50) or moderate (BCS = 6.1 +/- 0.1; n = 49) body condition (BC) to determine the influence of bovine (b) ST on the number of follicles, diameter of largest follicle, and serum concentrations of IGF-I, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and prolactin. Beginning 32 d postpartum, cows within each BC were assigned randomly to treatment with or without bST. Non-bST-treated cows received no treatment, and treated cows were administered bST (Posilac, 500 mg, s.c.) on d 32, 46, and 60 postpartum. On d 60, all cows received a controlled internal drug-releasing (CIDR)device for 7 d and PGF(2 alpha) at CIDR removal (CIDR-PGF(2 alpha)). Blood samples (7 mL) were collected at each bST treatment and d 39 and 67 postpartum. Ultrasound was performed 1 d after CIDR-PGF(2 alpha) to determine the number of small (2 to 9 mm) and large (>= 10 mm) follicles and the diameter of largest follicle. Cows treated with bST in low BC had increased (P < 0.05) IGF-I vs. low-BC non-bST-treated cows on d 39, 46, 60, and 67 postpartum. Prolactin and T3 were greater (P < 0.05) in moderate-BC than in low-BC cows on all sample dates. Thyroxine was greater (P < 0.001) in moderate-BC cows on d 46, 60, and 67 compared with low-BC cows. On d 67, bST-treated cows had greater (P < 0.05) T4 compared with non-bST-treated cows. Diameter of the largest follicle 1 d after CIDR-PGF(2 alpha) was greater (P < 0.01) in anestrous cows treated with bST than for non-bST-treated anestrous cows. Diameter of the largest follicle was correlated with concentrations of IGF-I (r >= 0.18; P <= 0.08), T3 (r >= 0.17; P <= 0.10), and prolactin (r >= 0.20; P <= 0.06). Treatment with bST increased IGF-I in low-BC cows, and IGF-I was correlated with the diameter of the largest follicle 1 d after CIDR-PGF(2 alpha). Undernutrition of cattle may be communicated to the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis via metabolic hormones including IGF-I, thyroid hormones, or prolactin. C1 [Looper, M. L.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Flores, R.; Rorie, R. W.; Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Hallford, D. M.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Looper, ML (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. EM mike.looper@ars.usda.gov NR 67 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1335 EP 1344 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0574 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 303RZ UT WOS:000256059900007 PM 18272855 ER PT J AU Farran, TB Reinhardt, CD Blasi, DA Minton, JE Elsasser, TH Higgins, JJ Drouillard, JS AF Farran, T. B. Reinhardt, C. D. Blasi, D. A. Minton, J. E. Elsasser, T. H. Higgins, J. J. Drouillard, J. S. TI Source of dietary lipid may modify the immune response in stressed feeder cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE endotoxin challenge; immune modulation; lipid; receiving cattle; plasma lipid ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; FISH OIL; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACIDS; PANCREATIC-CANCER; SERUM-LIPIDS; GUINEA-PIGS; N-3; SUPPLEMENTATION AB Five studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of lipid source on performance and health of stressed feeder cattle. A total of 332 heifers (195 +/- 2.37 kg initial BW) in trial 1 and 336 heifers (206 +/- 1.70 kg initial BW) in trial 2 were fed diets containing ground flaxseed (FLAX), rolled full-fat soybeans (SOY), or tallow (TAL) at 13, 20, or 4%, respectively (DM basis). All diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric. The ADG and G: F for the first 7 d and for the entire feeding period were greater (P < 0.05) for TAL and FLAX than for SOY. Percentage of animals treated and retreated for bovine respiratory disease did not differ among dietary treatments. The FLAX treatment increased (P < 0.05) total n-3 PUFA concentrations in the plasma, whereas SOY increased (P < 0.05) plasma concentrations of total n-6 PUFA. In trial 3, 18 steers were individually fed diets containing TAL and 18 steers were fed a diet containing SOY (20% of DM). In trials 4 and 5, 18 steers were individually fed diets containing TAL and 18 steers were fed diets containing FLAX (12.9% of DM). On d 14 and 17 of study 3, 4, and 5, 16 steers from each dietary treatment were injected i.v. with Escherichia coli O55:B5 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and 2 steers from each diet were injected with saline. Rectal temperatures after LPS challenge were lower (P < 0.05) for SOY and FLAX than for TAL, and plasma TNF was greater (P < 0.05) for SOY than for TAL. Serum haptoglobin and blood fibrinogen increased and white blood cell count decreased in response to LPS, but none of these variables was affected by treatment. Although this research failed to measure an effect of lipid source on feedlot morbidity or mortality, these studies indicate that altering the source and type of dietary fatty acids may modify the immune response in stressed feeder cattle and that performance may be hindered by feeding full-fat soybeans to receiving cattle. C1 [Farran, T. B.; Reinhardt, C. D.; Blasi, D. A.; Minton, J. E.; Drouillard, J. S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Elsasser, T. H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Higgins, J. J.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Drouillard, JS (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jdrouill@ksu.edu NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1382 EP 1394 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0116 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 303RZ UT WOS:000256059900012 PM 18344299 ER PT J AU Mousel, MR Leeds, TD White, SN Herrmann-Hoesing, LM AF Mousel, M. R. Leeds, T. D. White, S. N. Herrmann-Hoesing, L. M. TI Technical Note: Comparison of traditional needle vaccination with pneumatic, needle-free vaccination for sheep SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE methodology; sheep; vaccination ID STANDARD SYRINGE INJECTION; JET-INJECTOR; CLINICAL IMMUNOGENICITY; VIRUS AB Lateral transmission of blood-borne diseases can occur when a single needle is used repeatedly to vaccinate livestock. Needle-free technology to vaccinate sheep without damaging the carcass, causing lesions, or leaving needle fragments, and eliciting a similar antibody response as traditional needle vaccinations, has been hampered due to variable wool length. Vaccine delivery, injection time, and antibody response were evaluated for a prototype pneumatically powered, needle-free injector and for traditional needle injections. To determine optimal pressure for vaccine delivery with the pneumatic, needle-free injector, two 8-mo-old wethers were injected at pressures from 207 to 414 kPa in increments of 69 kPa. Injection time and antibody responses were evaluated using one hundred 8-mo-old wethers given primary and secondary inoculations of ovalbumin. Serum samples were collected before and after the inoculations on d 0, 14, 28, and 42. Optimal pressure to deliver a s.c. inoculation with the pneumatic, needle-free injector was 207 to 276 pKa. Inoculation of 100 wethers required 60% less time with the pneumatic, needle-free injector than with needle injections when a new needle was used on every animal. Antibody titers were the same (P > 0.12) for the pneumatic, needle-free and the needle injections on d 14, 28, and 42. In addition, antibody titers increased after primary and secondary inoculations, as expected. This study indicated that a pneumatic, needle-free injector can be used to elicit the same antibody response in sheep as a needle injection, and the pneumatic, needle-free injector was faster. The pneumatic, needle-free injector also would be expected to reduce lateral transmission of blood-borne diseases, and will save time, eliminate biohazard waste (e.g., used needles), and eliminate accidental needle sticks for livestock handlers when vaccinating sheep. C1 [Mousel, M. R.; Leeds, T. D.] ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. [White, S. N.; Herrmann-Hoesing, L. M.] ARS, USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Mousel, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. EM Michelle.Mousel@ars.usda.gov OI White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054; Mousel, Michelle/0000-0003-1367-7005 NR 16 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1468 EP 1471 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0839 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 303RZ UT WOS:000256059900022 PM 18310489 ER PT J AU Estell, RE Fredrickson, EL Anderson, DM Remmenga, MD AF Estell, R. E. Fredrickson, E. L. Anderson, D. M. Remmenga, M. D. TI Effects of cis-beta-ocimene, cis-sabinene hydrate, and monoterpene and sesquiterpene mixtures on alfalfa pellet intake by lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE diet selection; herbivory; intake; monoterpene; sesquiterpene; sheep ID PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES; FLOURENSIA-CERNUA; LIVESTOCK HERBIVORY; DEER PREFERENCE; FOOD SELECTION; CONSUMPTION; SHEEP; TASTE; CONSEQUENCES; DETERRENTS AB The transition of grasslands to shrub-dominated scrubland reduces livestock productivity and contributes to impoverished conditions for humans in arid and semiarid regions worldwide. Many shrubs that are increasing in dominance contain secondary compounds that deter browsing by herbivores. Knowledge concerning the effects of specific compounds in herbivore diets is limited but may provide useful insights into desertification. Flourensia cernua is a dominant shrub in the northern Chihuahuan Desert that contains an abundance of terpenes. Four experiments were conducted to determine the effects of terpenes on intake of alfalfa pellets by lambs. Two individual monoterpenes (cis-beta-ocimene and cis-sabinene hydrate) were examined in Exp. 1 and 2, and mixtures of monoterpenes (borneol, camphene, camphor, 1,8-cineole, limonene, myrcene, and alpha-pinene) and sesquiterpenes (beta-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, alpha-copaene, and alpha-humulene) were examined in Exp. 3 and 4, respectively. Forty-five lambs (9 lambs/treatment) were individually fed treated alfalfa pellets for 20 min each morning for 5 d. Five treatments (0x, 0.5x, 1x, 2x, and 10x; multiples of the concentrations of the same terpenes in F. cernua) were applied to alfalfa pellets (637 g, DM basis) in an ethanol carrier. The experiments were preceded by a 10-d adaptation period of the lambs to untreated pellets. Except during the 20-min test, the lambs were maintained outdoors and fed untreated alfalfa pellets (total mean intake = 4.7% of BW, DM basis). Day x treatment interactions were detected (P < 0.04) in Exp. 1 and 4 because of a greater intake for 0 x than for the other treatments on d 1 (Exp. 1) and a lower intake for the 10 x treatment on d 1 and 2 (Exp. 4). A trend for decreased intake (g/kg of BW) as the concentration of the sesquiterpene mixture increased was observed in Exp. 3 (P = 0.093 for the linear contrast). Although there was a tendency for the sesquiterpene mixture to decrease intake, cis-beta-ocimene, cis-sabinene hydrate, and the monoterpene mixture did not appear to affect intake by lambs. Thus, sesquiterpenes may exert antiherbivory properties under certain conditions that may contribute to shrub dominance with extended periods of livestock foraging. C1 [Estell, R. E.; Fredrickson, E. L.; Anderson, D. M.] ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Remmenga, M. D.] New Mexico State Univ, Univ Stat Ctr, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Estell, RE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM restell@nmsu.edu NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1478 EP 1484 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0699 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 303RZ UT WOS:000256059900024 PM 18272857 ER PT J AU Einum, S Nislow, KH Reynolds, JD Sutherland, WJ AF Einum, Sigurd Nislow, Keith H. Reynolds, John D. Sutherland, William J. TI Predicting population responses to restoration of breeding habitat in Atlantic salmon SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carrying capacity; exploitation; habitat restoration; individual based modelling; intercohort competition; local density dependence; population regulation; spatial modelling ID SELF-THINNING RULE; STREAM-LIVING SALMONIDS; JUVENILE SEA-TROUT; BROWN TROUT; BODY-SIZE; NORWEGIAN RIVER; TERRITORY SIZE; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; METABOLIC-RATE; SALAR AB 1. Habitat degradation is seriously threatening stream biodiversity and productivity world-wide. For salmonid fish, restoration projects in disturbed systems commonly aim at increasing the availability of suitable breeding habitats, but expectations of effects on population abundance based on explicit models are lacking. 2. We used a spatial population model to predict how breeder dispersion may influence population dynamics of salmonids. Simulations involved changing the relative abundance of habitat suitable for two juvenile size classes (small fry and larger parr), the type of density-dependent regulation (effects on survival only vs. effects on survival and growth) and intercohort competitive mechanisms. 3. Increased breeding dispersion could alter patterns of density-dependent mortality and increase equilibrium adult abundance and maximum sustainable yield (MSY). However, there was a strong interaction between stage-specific habitat abundance and breeding dispersion. The most pronounced effects of breeding dispersion were observed under intermediate levels of fry habitat abundance. 4. When fry habitat was abundant, density-dependent mortality was most intense during the parr stage, and increased breeding dispersion did not increase adult abundance or MSY. In fact, when populations were regulated in the parr stage, increased breeding dispersion could cause decreased adult abundance because of the effects of intercohort competition. This negative effect only occurred, however, when competition among juveniles was symmetric (no age or size advantage). 5. Synthesis and applications. The population effects of restoring breeding habitat can differ among environments, and we have demonstrated how these differences can be understood in the light of stage-specific density dependence. Increasing spatial dispersion of breeders may often be an efficient measure for conserving threatened populations and increasing yields in fished populations. However, if direct evidence or habitat considerations suggest that fish populations experience density-dependent mortality during the parr stage, attempts to increase abundance through increased breeding distribution or artificial stocking should be avoided, as these are likely to be ineffective or even detrimental. The difference between fishing rates providing maximum sustainable yield and extinction is particularly small for such populations, suggesting that fish managers should adopt a conservative and flexible regulation regime. C1 [Einum, Sigurd] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Ctr Conservat Biol, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Einum, Sigurd] Norwegian Inst Nat Res, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway. [Nislow, Keith H.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Reynolds, John D.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Sutherland, William J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. RP Einum, S (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Ctr Conservat Biol, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. EM sigurd.einum@bio.ntnu.no RI Sutherland, William/B-1291-2013; Reynolds, John/L-6345-2015; OI Reynolds, John/0000-0002-0459-0074; Sutherland, William/0000-0002-6498-0437 NR 69 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8901 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 3 BP 930 EP 938 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01464.x PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295HC UT WOS:000255464600021 ER PT J AU Gassmann, AJ Stock, SP Sisterson, MS Carriere, Y Tabashnik, BE AF Gassmann, Aaron J. Stock, S. Patricia Sisterson, Mark S. Carriere, Yves Tabashnik, Bruce E. TI Synergism between entomopathogenic nematodes and Bacillus thuringiensis crops: integrating biological control and resistance management SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cotton; Cry1Ac; fitness costs; genetically modified crops; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora; Pectinophora gossypiella; refuge strategy; simulation modelling; Steinernema riobrave ID PINK-BOLLWORM LEPIDOPTERA; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA LEPIDOPTERA; DIAMONDBACK MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; FITNESS COSTS; INSECT RESISTANCE; TRANSGENIC COTTON; BT COTTON; HOST-PLANT; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; EVOLUTION AB 1. The past decade has witnessed a continual increase in the use of crops genetically modified to produce insecticidal toxins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). This presents the challenge of designing agricultural systems to manage pests and the evolution of resistance to Bt. 2. We tested whether entomopathogenic nematodes might act synergistically with Bt crops by killing pests in non-Bt refuges and by increasing the fitness costs of resistance to Bt. We also tested whether insect mortality and fitness costs were affected by the cotton phytochemical gossypol. 3. The entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema riobrave increased the fitness cost of Bt resistance, indicating that its presence in refuges may slow pest adaptation to Bt crops. No effect on fitness costs was detected for the nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. Gossypol did not alter nematode-imposed fitness costs. 4. Simulation modelling supported the hypothesis that nematodes in refuges may slow resistance evolution. 5. The effects of gossypol on insect mortality from nematodes and nematode reproduction differed between nematode species. Gossypol increased insect mortality caused by H. bacteriophora but did not affect mortality caused by S. riobrave. Gossypol enhanced reproduction of H. bacteriophora and decreased reproduction of S. riobrave. 6. Synthesis and applications. Our results point to the value of developing integrated pest management strategies for Bt crops that include non-Bt refuges in which entomopathogenic nematodes are used as a pest-management agent. Because entomopathogenic nematodes can magnify fitness costs of Bt resistance, their presence in refuges may delay resistance by pests to Bt crops. Moreover, entomopathogenic nematodes can serve as biological control agents thereby decreasing dependence on conventional insecticides to manage pest populations in refuges. C1 [Gassmann, Aaron J.; Stock, S. Patricia; Carriere, Yves; Tabashnik, Bruce E.] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Sisterson, Mark S.] USDA, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Gassmann, AJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM aaronjg@iastate.edu NR 57 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8901 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 3 BP 957 EP 966 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01457.x PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295HC UT WOS:000255464600024 ER PT J AU Mattioli, F Walsh, GC AF Mattioli, F. Walsh, G. Cabrera TI Performance of marking techniques in the field and laboratory for Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diabrotica speciosa; acrylic paint; fluorescent pigments; insect marking ID MASS-MARKING; SURVIVAL; INSECTS AB A reliable marking technique was needed for a mark-release-recapture experiment with adults of Diabrotica speciosa (Germar). Four marking techniques, acrylic paint (spattered or brushed on the surface of the insect); and fluorescent pigments (dusted on surfaces or mixed with diet to produce an ingested marker), were tested. Fluorescent pigment durability for the dusting and ingested techniques was evaluated for laboratory conditions and under simulated field conditions. The impact of the techniques on beetle survival was also assessed. Both acrylic paint techniques caused mobility problems in the beetles, and neither technique lasted for more than 48 h. Both fluorescent pigment techniques were more reliable, but the dusting technique showed a significantly higher mortality than the control, and duration variations between laboratory and field conditions. Use of fluorescent pigments added to the diet was the most reliable technique. This technique allowed the manipulation of the marking period, and provided reliable timing of marker persistence in the field. C1 [Mattioli, F.; Walsh, G. Cabrera] ARS, USDA, S Amer Biol Control Lab, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Walsh, GC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, S Amer Biol Control Lab, APO, AA 34034 USA. EM gcabrera@speedy.com.ar NR 16 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 132 IS 5 BP 382 EP 386 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2007.01257.x PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 292SM UT WOS:000255286400006 ER PT J AU Hofstetter, RW Chen, Z Gaylord, ML McMillin, JD Wagner, MR AF Hofstetter, R. W. Chen, Z. Gaylord, M. L. McMillin, J. D. Wagner, M. R. TI Synergistic effects of alpha-pinene and exo-brevicomin on pine bark beetles and associated insects in Arizona SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dendroctonus brevicomis; dendroctonus; frontalis; elacatis; enoclerus; temnochila; bark beetle; lure; pheromone; Pinus ponderosa ID DENDROCTONUS-FRONTALIS; NORTHERN ARIZONA; IPS-PINI; CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION; AGGREGATING PHEROMONES; COLEOPTERA-SCOLYTIDAE; PREDATORS; RESPONSES; BEHAVIOR; ATTACK AB The southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis) and western pine beetle (Dendroctonus brevicomis) cause significant mortality to pines in the southern and western United States. The effectiveness of commercial lures at capturing these bark beetles in Arizona has not been tested and may vary from other regions of their distribution. We conducted experiments using baited Lindgren funnel traps to investigate (i) if D. frontalis is more attracted to the standard commercial lure for D. brevicomis (frontalin + exo-brevicomin + myrcene) than the D. frontalis lure (frontalin + terpene blend), (ii) whether replacement of myrcene with alpha-pinene changes trap catches of Dendroctonus and associated insects, and (iii) whether the attraction to these lures varies across the geographical range of ponderosa pine forests throughout Arizona. In 2005, we tested various combinations of frontalin, exo-brevicomin, myrcene and alpha-pinene to D. frontalis, D. brevicomis and associated species. Dendroctonus frontalis, D. brevicomis and the predator Temnochila chlorodia were most attracted to lures with exo-brevicomin. The replacement of the myrcene component with alpha-pinene in the D. brevicomis lure resulted in the capture of twice as many bark beetles and Elacatis beetles. However, T. chlorodia did not differentiate between monoterpenes. In 2006, traps were set up in 11 locations around Arizona to test the relative attraction of lure combinations. In 9 out 11 locations, the D. brevicomis lure with alpha-pinene was more attractive than the lure with myrcene or a terpene blend. These results suggest that the D. brevicomis lure with alpha-pinene rather than myrcene is more effective lure to capture D. brevicomis and D. frontalis in Arizona. However, geographical variation in attractiveness to lures is evident even within this region of the beetles' distributions. Differential attraction of Dendroctonus and their predators to these lures suggests potential use in field trapping and control programmes. C1 [Hofstetter, R. W.; Chen, Z.; Gaylord, M. L.; Wagner, M. R.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [McMillin, J. D.] USDA Forest Serv, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Hofstetter, RW (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Box 5018, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM rich.hofstetter@nau.edu NR 55 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 132 IS 5 BP 387 EP 397 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2007.01263.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 292SM UT WOS:000255286400007 ER PT J AU Mauget, SA Ko, J AF Mauget, Steven A. Ko, Jonghan TI A two-tier statistical forecast method for agricultural and resource management simulations SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION INDEX; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; EL-NINO; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; CROSS-VALIDATION; WINTER-WHEAT; CLIMATE; PREDICTION; PHASES; ENSO AB Simple phase schemes to predict seasonal climate based on leading ENSO indicators can be used to estimate the value of forecast information in agriculture and watershed management, but may be limited in predictive skill. Here, a simple two-tier statistical method is used to hindcast seasonal precipitation over the continental United States, and the resulting skill is compared with that of ENSO phase systems based on Ni (n) over tildeo-3 sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) and Southern Oscillation index (SOI) persistence. The two-tier approach first predicts Ni (n) over tildeo-3 winter season SSTA, and then converts those predictions to categorical precipitation hindcasts via a simple phase translation process. The hindcasting problem used to make these comparisons is relevant to winter wheat production over the central United States. Thus, given the state of seasonal SOI and Ni (n) over tildeo-3 indicators defined before August, the goal is to predict the tercile category of the following November-March precipitation. Generally, it was found that the methods based on either predicted or persisted winter Ni (n) over tildeo-3 conditions were skillful over areas where ENSO affects U. S. winter precipitation-that is, the Southeast and the Gulf Coast, Texas, the southern and central plains, the Southwest, Northwest, and the Ohio River valley-and that the two-tier approach based on predicted Ni (n) over tildeo-3 conditions was more likely to provide the best skill. Skill based on SOI persistence was generally lower over many of those regions and was insignificant over broad parts of the central and southwest United States, but did lead the other methods over the Ohio River valley and the northwest. A more restrictive test of leading hindcast skill showed that the skill advantages of the two-tier approach over the central and western United States were not substantial, and mainly highlighted SOI persistence's lack of skill over the central United States and leading skill over the Ohio River valley. However, two-tier hindcasts based on neural-network-predicted Ni (n) over tildeo-3 SSTA were clearly more skillful than both ENSO phase methods over areas of the Southeast. It is suggested that the relative skill advantage of the two-tier approach may be due in part to the use of arbitrary thresholds in ENSO phase systems. C1 [Mauget, Steven A.] USDA, USDA Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Agr Res Serv, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Ko, Jonghan] Texas Agr Expt Stn, Uvalde, TX USA. RP Mauget, SA (reprint author), USDA, USDA Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Agr Res Serv, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM smauget@lbk.ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1573 EP 1589 DI 10.1175/2007JAMC1749.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 327GS UT WOS:000257718200002 ER PT J AU Jenkins, MB Endale, DM Fisher, DS AF Jenkins, M. B. Endale, D. M. Fisher, D. S. TI Most probable number methodology for quantifying dilute concentrations and fluxes of Salmonella in surface waters SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE baseflow; Escherichia coli; faecal enterococci; most probable number; Salmonella; surface water; watershed ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FLUOROGENIC PCR; BACTERIA; PATHOGENS; ENUMERATION; ENTEROCOCCI; ENTEROLERT; POLLUTION; QUALITY; SPP. AB Aims: To better understand and manage the fate and transport of Salmonella in agricultural watersheds, we developed a culture-based, five tube-four dilution most probable number (MPN) method for enumerating dilute densities of Salmonella in environmental waters. Methods and Results: The MPN method was a combination of a filtration technique for large sample volumes of environmental water, standard selective media for Salmonella and a TaqMan confirmation step. This method has determined the density of Salmonella in 20-l samples of pond inflow and outflow streams as low as 0.1 MPN l(-1) and a low 95% confidence level 0.015 MPN l(-1). Salmonella densities ranged from not detectable to 0.55 MPN l(-1) for pond inflow samples and from not detectable to 3.4 MPN l(-1) for pond outflow samples. Salmonella densities of pond inflow samples were associated with densities of Escherichia coli and faecal enterococci that indicated stream contamination with faeces and with nondetectable pond outflow densities of the faecal indicator bacteria. The MPN methodology was extended to flux determinations by integrating with volumetric measurements of pond inflow (mean flux of 2.5 l s(-1)) and outflow (mean flux of 5.6 l s(-1)). Fluxes of Salmonella ranged from 100 to greater than 10(4) MPN h(-1). Conclusions: This is a culture-based method that can detect small numbers of Salmonella in environmental waters of watersheds containing animal husbandry and wildlife. Significance and Impact of the Study: Applying this method to environmental waters will improve our understanding of the transport and fate of Salmonella in agricultural watersheds, and can be the basis of valuable collections of environmental Salmonella. C1 [Jenkins, M. B.; Endale, D. M.; Fisher, D. S.] USDA ARS, Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA USA. RP Jenkins, MB (reprint author), 1420 Expt Stn Rd, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. EM michael.jenkins@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1562 EP 1568 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03677.x PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 304HN UT WOS:000256100700003 PM 18179540 ER PT J AU Williams, ML Waldbieser, GC Dyer, DW Gillaspy, AF Lawrence, ML AF Williams, M. L. Waldbieser, G. C. Dyer, D. W. Gillaspy, A. F. Lawrence, M. L. TI Characterization of the rrn operons in the channel catfish pathogen Edwardsiella ictaluri SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE channel catfish; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Edwardsiella tarda; PCR; pulsed field gel electrophoresis; ribosomal DNA operon ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INTERVENING SEQUENCES; NUMBER; STRAINS; IDENTIFICATION; SALMONELLA AB Aims: To advance diagnostics and phylogenetics of Edwardsiella ictaluri by sequencing and characterizing its rrn operons. Methods and results: The Edw. ictaluri rrn operons were identified from a 5-7 kbp insert lambda library and from Edw. ictaluri fosmid clones. We present the complete sequences and analysis of all eight Edw. ictaluri rrn operons and unique regions located upstream and downstream. Two rrn operons were located in tandem with 169 bp separating them, which is apparently a conserved feature between Edw. ictaluri and Edwardsiella tarda. I-CeuI enzyme digestion of Edw. ictaluri genomic DNA and analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis indicated that rrn operon number and chromosomal locations are conserved within the species Edw. ictaluri. Conclusions: The rrn operons of Edw. ictaluri have similar structure and flanking regions compared with other members of the family Enterobacteriaceae; however, the presence of eight copies of the rrn operon makes Edw. ictaluri unique within the family. Significance and impact of the study: This research clarifies previous phylogenetic analyses of Edw. ictaluri and provides support for the Edw. ictaluri genome sequencing project. In addition, we identified a unique feature of two rrn operons that shows potential for the development of a diagnostic PCR method. C1 [Williams, M. L.; Lawrence, M. L.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Waldbieser, G. C.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Dyer, D. W.; Gillaspy, A. F.] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Lawrence, ML (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, POB 9825, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM lawrence@cvm.msstate.edu NR 28 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1790 EP 1796 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03704.x PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 304HN UT WOS:000256100700028 PM 18217940 ER PT J AU Zakeri, I Adolph, AL Puyau, MR Vohra, FA Butte, NF AF Zakeri, Issa Adolph, Anne L. Puyau, Maurice R. Vohra, Firoz A. Butte, Nancy F. TI Application of cross-sectional time series modeling for the prediction of energy expenditure from heart rate and accelerometry SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE accelerometers; heart rate monitoring; calorimetry; energy cost of activity; basal metabolic rate; sleeping metabolic rate ID MOTION SENSOR TECHNIQUE; DOUBLY LABELED WATER; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ACTIVITY MONITOR; CALTRAC ACCELEROMETER; MOVEMENT SENSOR; OXYGEN-UPTAKE; CHILDREN; VALIDITY; CALORIMETRY AB Accurate estimation of energy expenditure (EE) in children and adolescents is required for a better understanding of physiological, behavioral, and environmental factors affecting energy balance. Cross-sectional time series (CSTS) models, which account for correlation structure of repeated observations on the same individual, may be advantageous for prediction of EE. CSTS models for prediction of minute-by-minute EE and, hence, total EE (TEE) from heart rate (HR), physical activity (PA) measured by accelerometry, and observable subject variables were developed in 109 children and adolescents by use of Actiheart and 24-h room respiration calorimetry. CSTS models based on HR, PA, time-invariant covariates, and interactions were developed. These dynamic models involve lagged and lead values of HR and lagged values of PA for better description of the series of minute-by-minute EE. CSTS models with random intercepts and random slopes were investigated. For comparison, likelihood ratio tests were used. Log likelihood increased substantially when random slopes for HR and PA were added. The population-specific model uses HR and 1- and 2-min lagged and lead values of HR, HR(2), and PA and 1- and 2-min lagged values of PA, PA(2), age, age(2), sex, weight, height, minimum HR, sitting HR, HR X height, HR X weight, HR X age, PA X weight, and PA X sex interactions (P < 0.001). Prediction error for TEE was 0.9 +/- 10.3% (mean +/- SD). Errors were not correlated with age, weight, height, or body mass index. CSTS modeling provides a useful predictive model for EE and, hence, TEE in children and adolescents on the basis of HR and PA and other observable explanatory subject characteristics of age, sex, weight, and height. C1 [Zakeri, Issa; Adolph, Anne L.; Puyau, Maurice R.; Vohra, Firoz A.; Butte, Nancy F.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Butte, NF (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM nbutte@bcm.edu RI Schmoelz, Camilie/D-1707-2012 OI Schmoelz, Camilie/0000-0003-2221-9954 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-74387] NR 38 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1665 EP 1673 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.01163.2007 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 309BI UT WOS:000256434700017 PM 18403453 ER PT J AU Chacko, SK Sunehag, AL Sharma, S Sauer, PJJ Haymond, MW AF Chacko, Shaji K. Sunehag, Agneta L. Sharma, Susan Sauer, Pieter J. J. Haymond, Morey W. TI Reply to Burgess, Chandramouli, Browning, Schumann, and Previs SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FASTED STATE; GLUCONEOGENESIS; H-2; QUANTITATION; (H2O)-H-2; INGESTION; ISOMERASE C1 [Chacko, Shaji K.; Sunehag, Agneta L.; Sharma, Susan; Haymond, Morey W.] ARS, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,USDA, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Sauer, Pieter J. J.] Univ Groningen, Dept Pediat, Beatrix Childrens Hosp, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands. RP Haymond, MW (reprint author), ARS, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,USDA, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mhaymond@bcm.tmc.edu NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1854 EP 1855 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.90521.2008 PG 2 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 309BI UT WOS:000256434700058 ER PT J AU Hannah, JF Fletcher, DL Cox, NA Smith, DP Cason, JA Northcutt, JK Richardson, LJ Buhr, RJ AF Hannah, J. F. Fletcher, D. L. Cox, N. A. Smith, D. P. Cason, J. A. Northcutt, J. K. Richardson, L. J. Buhr, R. J. TI Effect of Sand and Shaking Duration on the Recovery of Aerobic Bacteria, Coliforms, and Escherichia coli from Prechill Broiler Whole Carcass Rinsates SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE whole carcass rinse; sand; coliform; Escherichia coli; aerobic plate count ID POULTRY CARCASSES; CHICKEN CARCASSES; SAMPLING METHODS; SKIN; ATTACHMENT; SALMONELLA; IMMERSION; MEAT; CONTAMINATION; ADHESION AB Broilers entering a processing facility can be contaminated with bacteria internally, externally, or both, and additional contamination may occur during processing. Although processing generally reduces the bacterial load on a carcass, it does not eliminate all carcass bacterial contaminants. Processing plant personnel sample carcasses daily to determine overall carcass contamination using the whole carcass rinse procedure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential benefit of adding sand to the whole carcass rinse and extending shaking (rinsing) duration on the recovery of bacteria from broiler carcasses. Eviscerated broiler carcasses were obtained from a commercial processing plant before the prechill final wash. Carcasses were rinsed in peptone or peptone with sand for 1 and 4 min. Rinsates were analyzed for aerobic plate count, coliforms, and Escherichia coli. Bacterial levels recovered from rinsates with sand were significantly higher than levels recovered from the peptone-only rinsates, but the increase in recovery was relatively small at 0.6 log(10) cfu/mL of rinsate. There was no significant improvement in bacterial recovery when shaking duration was increased from 1 to 4 min for either rinse treatment. C1 [Cox, N. A.; Richardson, L. J.; Buhr, R. J.] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Unit, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Smith, D. P.] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Quality & Safety Assessment Unit, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Northcutt, J. K.] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Poultry Proc & Swine Physiol Res Unit, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Hannah, J. F.; Fletcher, D. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Buhr, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Unit, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM jeff.buhr@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD SUM PY 2008 VL 17 IS 2 BP 272 EP 277 DI 10.3382/japr.2007-00108 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 357XL UT WOS:000259880400010 ER PT J AU Leigh, SA Branton, SL Collier, SD AF Leigh, S. A. Branton, S. L. Collier, S. D. TI Stabilization of Live Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccines During Vaccination with Second-Generation Spray-Vac Vaccine Stabilizer SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Mycoplasma gallisepticum; vaccine; stabilizer; Spray-Vac AB Dilution and application of live Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccines without the use of vaccine-stabilizing compounds may lead to significant loss of vaccine viability and loss of vaccine efficacy. Vaccine viability may decrease because of osmotic lysis of the mycoplasma was well as the presence of free chlorine or other detrimental chemicals in the water. Second-generation Spray-Vac vaccien stabilizer was developed and shown to maintain live Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccien viability during exposure to free chlorine while protecting from the other factors that appear to decrease vaccine survival in solution. Increased vaccine survival in solution should lead to increased survival of the vaccine during vaccination. Field trial results demonstrate that second-generation Spray-Vac vaccine stabilizer yields excellent results without the need for distilled water or other vaccine-stabilizing compounds. C1 [Leigh, S. A.; Branton, S. L.; Collier, S. D.] USDA ARS, Mid South Area Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Branton, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mid South Area Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM spencer.leigh@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD SUM PY 2008 VL 17 IS 2 BP 278 EP 282 DI 10.3382/japr.2007-00110 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 357XL UT WOS:000259880400011 ER PT J AU Davies, KW Sheley, RL Bates, JD AF Davies, Kirk W. Sheley, Roger L. Bates, Jonathan D. TI Does fall prescribed burning Artemisia tridentata steppe promote invasion or resistance to invasion after a recovery period? SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Bromus tectorum; disturbance theory; fire; invasive plants; prescribed burning; Artemisia tridentata ssp wyomingensis ID COMMUNITY INVASIBILITY; SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; WESTERN JUNIPER; GRASSLAND; MANAGEMENT; CHEATGRASS; RANGELAND; OREGON AB Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis (Beetle & A. Young) S.L. Welsh-bunchgrass communities were used to analyze the influence of disturbances on invasibility after a recovery period. These communities evolved with periodic fires shifting dominance from shrubs to herbaceous species. However, fire can facilitate Bromus tectorum L. invasion of these plant communities. We evaluated the invasibility of A. tridentata ssp, wyomingensis-bunchgrass communities 4 years after prescribed fall burning at six sites by comparing burned to unburned (control) communities. These communities did not have B. tectorum present prior to introduction. B. tectorum was introduced at 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 10,000 seeds m(-2) in burned and unburned communities. B. tectorum individuals established only when introduced at 10,000 seeds m-2. In the areas seeded at 10,000 seeds m(-2) tectorum density and cover were more than three-fold higher in the control than burned treatments (P = 0.04 and 0.08, respectively). Total herbaceous vegetation cover, density, and production increased with burning (P < 0.01, 0.02, and < 0.01, respectively). Bare ground and inorganic nitrogen were higher in the control than the burned treatment (P = 0.02 and < 0.01, respectively). Prescribed fall burning of late seral A. tridentata ssp. wyomingensis-bunchgrass communities stimulated the herbaceous component and increased the resistance of the communities to B. tectorum invasion 4 years post-burn. However, we do not suggest the use of prescribed burning in communities where invasive annual grasses are present or in close proximity. We acknowledge that-our results would probably have been drastically different if B. tectorum or other invasive annual grasses had been a component of the plant communities prior to prescribed burning or became a component immediately after burning. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Davies, Kirk W.; Sheley, Roger L.; Bates, Jonathan D.] USDA, Agr Res Serv Eastern Oregon, Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Davies, KW (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv Eastern Oregon, Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM Kirk.Davies@oregonstate.edu NR 25 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 72 IS 6 BP 1076 EP 1085 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.12.003 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 302PJ UT WOS:000255980400017 ER PT J AU Keppel, G Hodgskiss, PD Plunkett, GM AF Keppel, Gunnar Hodgskiss, Paul D. Plunkett, Gregory M. TI Cycads in the insular South-west Pacific: dispersal or vicariance? SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE allozymes; cycads; Cycadaceae; Cycas; dispersal vs. vicariance; historical biogeography; Pacific; Rumphiae ID LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL; NEW-ZEALAND; GENETIC DIVERSITY; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; COMPLEX ZAMIACEAE; CYCADACEAE; POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION; ISLANDS; ORIGIN AB Aim Cycads constitute an ancient plant group that is generally believed to disperse poorly. However, one group of cycads (subsection Rumphiae) is thought to have dispersed relatively recently from a Malesian source area westwards to East Africa and eastwards into the Pacific, using a floatation-facilitating layer in their seeds. We use morphological and allozyme characters to investigate the relationships among the species within this group and to deduce whether the wide distribution was achieved by recent dispersal (as evidenced by high genetic similarity) or more distant vicariance events (high genetic differentiation). Location We examined specimens collected throughout the range of subsection Rumphiae, from East Africa through Southeast Asia to Tonga in the South-west Pacific. Methods We investigated relationships within subsection Rumphiae of the genus Cycas by analysing 18 variable (11 informative) morphological characters and 22 allozyme loci for seven of the 10 species currently assigned to this taxon. Results Distinctive morphological characters are few and fail to resolve relationships within the group. Allozyme data show that species within this subsection are closely related and suggest that there are two groups within the subsection, one comprising Cycas thouarsii (East Africa) and C. edentata (the Philippines), and the other the remaining species (from Malesia and the Pacific). The Australian species C. silvestris is sister to subsection Rumphiae in the morphological analysis but is closely allied to C. rumphii (nested within the subsection) in the allozyme analysis, suggesting that Rumphiae may be paraphyletic and that characters thought to be taxonomically important may need to be re-evaluated. Main conclusions Cycads within subsection Rumphiae are closely related, and the wide distribution of this group was probably achieved through relatively recent oceanic dispersal events. Separate events probably account for the dispersal of these cycads into the Pacific and to Africa. The origin and distribution of C. silvestris (Australia) could be explained by a dispersal event from New Guinea or may have resulted from a former land connection between Australia and New Guinea. C1 [Keppel, Gunnar] Univ S Pacific, Fac Sci & Technol, Div Biol, Suva, Fiji. [Hodgskiss, Paul D.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. [Plunkett, Gregory M.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA USA. RP Keppel, G (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Integrat Biol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM g.keppel@uq.edu.au RI Keppel, Gunnar/B-3364-2015; Keppel, Gunnar/F-3767-2013 OI Keppel, Gunnar/0000-0001-7092-6149 NR 72 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0305-0270 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1004 EP 1015 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01869.x PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 298VI UT WOS:000255714800003 ER PT J AU Zhang, QH Aldrich, JR AF Zhang, Qing-He Aldrich, Jeffrey R. TI Sex pheromone of the plant bug, Phytocoris calli knight SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electroantennogram; olant bug; Lygus; infochemicals; metathoracic scent gland; heteroptera; Miridae ID METATHORACIC SCENT GLAND; ATTRACTANT PHEROMONE; LYGUS-RUGULIPENNIS; HETEROPTERA; FEMALE; ALYDIDAE; ECOLOGY; MIRIDAE; FIELD AB Female Phytocoris calli Knight produce a sex pheromone from metathoracic scent glands. The pheromone consists of hexyl acetate (HA; present in both sexes), with the female-specific compounds (E)-2-hexenyl acetate (E2HA), octyl acetate (OA), and (E)-2-octenyl acetate (E2OA). HA and E2OA are key components of the pheromone, since deletion of either ester from the blend resulted in a total suppression of conspecific male trap catches. However, the binary blend of HA and E2OA was only slightly attractive to males, and was significantly less active than the four-component blend. The two ternary blends, HA/OA/E2OA and HA/E2HA/E2OA, were each as attractive as the full four-component blend. Evidence from previous research on the pheromones of Phytocoris species suggests that the apparent chemical redundancy in the pheromone of P. calli may actually be involved in maintaining reproductive isolation from other sympatric species. The patterns observed for pheromones of the five Phytocoris species whose pheromones have been directly (P. californicus, P. relativus, P. difficilis, and P. calli) or indirectly (P. breviusculus) studied are discussed vis-a-vis the pheromone intractable species of Lygus and Lygocoris plant bugs. C1 [Zhang, Qing-He] Sterling Int Inc, Spokane, WA 99216 USA. [Aldrich, Jeffrey R.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zhang, QH (reprint author), Sterling Int Inc, 3808 N Sullivan Rd,Bldg 16P, Spokane, WA 99216 USA. EM qing-he@rescue.com NR 28 TC 14 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 EI 1573-1561 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 34 IS 6 BP 719 EP 724 DI 10.1007/s10886-008-9479-2 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 314QQ UT WOS:000256824300004 PM 18465171 ER PT J AU Johnson, ET Berhow, MA Dowd, PF AF Johnson, Eric T. Berhow, Mark A. Dowd, Patrick F. TI Colored and white sectors from star-patterned petunia flowers display differential resistance to corn earworm and cabbage looper larvae SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anthocyanins; petunia; insect; resistance ID STRESS; ANTHOCYANINS; HEALTH; RED; BIOSYNTHESIS; FLAVONOIDS; INSECTS; GROWTH; LEAVES; COTTON AB Anthocyanins are likely a visual aid that attract pollinators. However, there is also the possibility that anthocyanins are present in some flowers as defensive molecules that protect them from excess light, pathogens, or herbivores. In this study, resistance due to anthocyanins from commercial petunia flowers (Petunia hybrida) was examined for insecticide/antifeedant activity against corn earworm (CEW, Helicoverpa zea) and cabbage looper (CL, Trichoplusia ni). The petunia flowers studied contained a star pattern, with colored and white sectors. CEW larvae ate significantly less colored sectors than white sectors in no-choice bioassays in most cases. All CEW larvae feeding on blue sectors weighed significantly less after 2 days than larvae feeding on white sectors, which was negatively correlated with total anthocyanin levels. CL larvae ate less of blue sectors than white sectors, and blue sectors from one petunia cultivar caused significantly higher CL mortality than white sectors. Partially purified anthocyanin mixtures isolated from petunia flowers, when added to insect diet discs at approximately natural concentrations, reduced both CEW and CL larva weights compared to the controls. These studies demonstrate that the colored sectors of these petunia cultivars slow the development of these lepidopteran larvae and indicate that anthocyanins play some part in flower defense in petunia. C1 [Johnson, Eric T.; Dowd, Patrick F.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop BioProtect Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Berhow, Mark A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops & Proc Technol Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Johnson, ET (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop BioProtect Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM eric.t.johnson@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Eric/0000-0002-1665-6229 NR 33 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 34 IS 6 BP 757 EP 765 DI 10.1007/s10886-008-9444-0 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 314QQ UT WOS:000256824300009 PM 18484139 ER PT J AU McLean, RR Jacques, PF Selhub, J Fredman, L Tucker, KL Samelson, EJ Kiel, DP Cupples, LA Hannan, MT AF McLean, Robert R. Jacques, Paul F. Selhub, Jacob Fredman, Lisa Tucker, Katherine L. Samelson, Elizabeth J. Kiel, Douglas P. Cupples, L. Adrienne Hannan, Marian T. TI Plasma B vitamins, homocysteine, and their relation with bone loss and hip fracture in elderly men and women SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; COLLAGEN CROSS-LINKING; COBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; OLDER PERSONS; FRAMINGHAM OSTEOPOROSIS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RISK; POPULATION; DETERMINANTS; FOLATE AB Context: Elevated homocysteine is a strong risk factor for osteoporotic fractures among elders, yet it may be a marker for low B-vitamin status. Objective: Our objective was to examine the associations of plasma concentrations of folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and homocysteine with bone loss and hip fracture risk in elderly men and women. Design: This was a longitudinal follow-up study of the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. Setting: Community dwelling residents of Framingham, MA, were included in the study. Participants: A total of 1002 men and women (mean age 75 yr) was included in the study. Main Outcome Measures: Baseline (1987-1989) blood samples were used to categorize participants into plasma B-vitamin (normal, low, deficient) and homocysteine (normal, high) groups. Femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) measured at baseline and 4-yr follow-up was used to calculate annual percent BMD change. Incident hip fracture was assessed from baseline through 2003. Results: Multivariable-adjusted mean bone loss was inversely associated with vitamin B6 (P for trend 0.01). Vitamins B12 and B6 were inversely associated with hip fracture risk (all P for trend < 0.05), yet associations were somewhat attenuated and not significant after controlling for baseline BMD, serum vitamin D, and homocysteine. Participants with high homocysteine (> 14 mu mol/liter) had approximately 70% higher hip fracture risk after adjusting for folate and vitamin B6, but this association was attenuated after controlling for vitamin B12 (hazard ratio = 1.49; 95% confidence interval 0.91, 2.46). Conclusions: Low B-vitamin concentration may be a risk factor for decreased bone health, yet does not fully explain the relation between elevated homocysteine and hip fracture. Thus, homocysteine is not merely a marker for low B-vitamin status. C1 [McLean, Robert R.; Samelson, Elizabeth J.; Kiel, Douglas P.; Hannan, Marian T.] Hebrew SeniorLife, Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA 02131 USA. [McLean, Robert R.; Samelson, Elizabeth J.; Kiel, Douglas P.; Hannan, Marian T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Jacques, Paul F.; Selhub, Jacob; Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr Human Nutr Res, Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fredman, Lisa] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Cupples, L. Adrienne] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP McLean, RR (reprint author), Hebrew SeniorLife, Inst Aging Res, 1200 Ctr St, Boston, MA 02131 USA. EM rmclean@hrca.harvard.edu RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; OI Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965; Hannan, Marian/0000-0002-9586-6928; Kiel, Douglas/0000-0001-8474-0310; Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01 HC 25195, N01HC25195]; NIA NIH HHS [AG 14759, AR/AG 41398]; NIAMS NIH HHS [K01 AR053118] NR 40 TC 59 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 8 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 93 IS 6 BP 2206 EP 2212 DI 10.1210/jc.2007-2710 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 310DA UT WOS:000256507900027 PM 18364381 ER PT J AU Bannerman, DD Kauf, ACW Paape, MJ Springer, HR Goff, JP AF Bannerman, D. D. Kauf, A. C. W. Paape, M. J. Springer, H. R. Goff, J. P. TI Comparison of Holstein and Jersey innate immune responses to Escherichia coli intramammary infection SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE breed; dairy cow; innate immunity; mastitis ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SOMATIC-CELL COUNTS; J5 MASTITIS VACCINE; CLINICAL MASTITIS; DAIRY-CATTLE; BOVINE MASTITIS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; MILK-PRODUCTION; FUNCTIONAL LONGEVITY; TOXIC MASTITIS AB Mastitis is one of the most prevalent diseases in cattle and remains among the most costly diseases to the dairy industry. Various surveys have indicated a greater prevalence of and risk for mastitis in Holstein cows than in Jersey cows. The innate immune system comprises the immediate host defense mechanisms that respond to infection, and differences in the magnitude and rapidity of this response are known to influence susceptibility to and clearance of infectious pathogens. The reported differences in the prevalence of mastitis between Holstein and Jersey cows may suggest the occurrence of breed-dependent differences in the innate immune response to intramammary infection. The objective of the current study was to compare the acute phase and cytokine responses of Holstein and Jersey cows following intramammary infection by the bacterial pathogen Escherichia coli, a leading cause of clinical mastitis. All cows in the study were in similar stages of lactation, of the same parity, subjected to the same housing and management conditions, and experimentally infected on the same day with the same inoculum preparation. Before and after infection, the following innate immune parameters were monitored: bacterial clearance; febrile response; induction of the acute phase proteins serum amyloid A and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; alterations in total and differential white blood cell counts; changes in milk somatic cell counts and mammary vascular permeability; and induction of the cytokines IFN-gamma, IL-1 beta, IL-8, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Overall innate immune responses were similar between the 2 breeds; however, temporal differences in the onset, cessation, and duration of several responses were detected. Despite these differences, intramammary clearance of E. coli was comparable between the breeds. Together, these data demonstrate a highly conserved innate immune response of Holstein and Jersey cows to E. coli intramammary infection. C1 [Bannerman, D. D.; Kauf, A. C. W.; Paape, M. J.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Springer, H. R.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Goff, J. P.] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Bannerman, DD (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM douglas.bannerman@ars.usda.gov NR 69 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 2225 EP 2235 DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1013 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 302CG UT WOS:000255945800008 PM 18487645 ER PT J AU Green, AL Lombard, JE Garber, LP Wagner, BA Hill, GW AF Green, A. L. Lombard, J. E. Garber, L. P. Wagner, B. A. Hill, G. W. TI Factors associated with occurrence and recovery of nonambulatory dairy cows in the United States SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dairy cattle; nonambulatory ID HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN COWS; CATTLE; LACTATION; DISEASE; HERDS AB The primary objective of this study was to compare characteristics of US dairy operations that had one or more nonambulatory cows (unable to rise for any period of time) (cases) with operations that had no nonambulatory cows (controls) during 2004. A secondary objective was to describe factors associated with recovery of the last nonambulatory cow on the operation during 2004. Case dairy operations (n = 1,822) more often fed a total mixed ration [odds ratio (OR) = 2.0; confidence interval (CI): 1.1-3.4], produced more than 9,090 kg of milk (OR = 2.8; CI: 1.8-4.5), and were more likely to be of medium to large herd size (100 or more head of adult cows, OR = 3.7; CI: 2.2-6.2) compared with control dairies (n = 151). Compared with operations where the predominant flooring surface on which lactating cows stood or walked in winter was pasture, operations where pasture was not the predominant surface were at increased risk of having nonambulatory cows (OR = 4.7; CI: 2.2-10.2). Cows nonambulatory for less than 24 h were more likely to recover compared with cows nonambulatory for 24 h or more (OR = 3.0; CI: 2.0-4.4). Cows that received calcium, phosphorus, or potassium while nonambulatory were more likely to recover (OR = 3.6; CI: 2.1-6.1) than cattle that did not receive these treatments. Cattle that were not repositioned periodically were more likely to recover (OR = 2.1; CI: 1.4-3.1), as were cattle that were not treated by a veterinarian before becoming nonambulatory (OR = 1.9; CI: 1.1-3.3). These findings are consistent with prolonged recumbency and prior history of health issues, respectively. Nonambulatory cattle with hypocalcemia were more likely to recover (OR = 6.0; CI: 3.4-10.7) compared with nonambulatory cows with all other causes of a nonambulatory condition (analyzed collectively as a single variable but including cancer, clinical mastitis, digestive conditions, metabolic imbalances, neurological problems, respiratory disease, other, unknown). The results of this study reveal that the majority of US dairy operations have at least one nonambulatory dairy cow over the course of a year. Additionally, individual animal factors associated with being nonambulatory may lead to improved identification and treatment of animals that are nonambulatory for a prolonged period. From the perspective of recovery, considering euthanasia is appropriate for cows that have been nonambulatory for more than 24 h. C1 USDA, APHIS VS, Ctr Edpidemiol, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. USDA, APHIS VS, Ctr Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Green, AL (reprint author), Dept Hlth, Commun & Environm Dis Serv, Cordell Hull Bldg,425 5th Ave N, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. EM alice.l.green@gmail.com NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 2275 EP 2283 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0869 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 302CG UT WOS:000255945800013 PM 18487650 ER PT J AU Menge, C Dean-Nystrom, EA AF Menge, C. Dean-Nystrom, E. A. TI Dexamethasone depletes gamma delta T cells and alters the activation state and responsiveness of bovine peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dexamethasone; in vivo; lymphocyte; cattle ID MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE POPULATIONS; NEUTROPHIL L-SELECTIN; DAIRY-COWS; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; POSTPARTUM PERIOD; IN-VITRO; CATTLE; CALVES; EXPRESSION; RESPONSES AB Administration of dexamethasone (DEX) to cattle is commonly used in models of stress-induced effects on host defense, including models investigating interactions of microorganisms with their host. Much less is known about the effects of DEX on the adaptive immune response in cattle compared with other species. The objective of the present study was to characterize subsets of circulating lymphocytes in calves before and 48 h after the onset of parenteral DEX treatment. Treatment significantly reduced the overall percentage of circulating lymphocytes and disproportionately depleted the population of gamma delta TCR(+)/CD8 alpha(-) cells. Analysis within the CD8 alpha(+) population of T cells revealed that DEX treatment also reduced the CD8 alpha(low) subset of gamma delta T cells coexpressing the activation marker ACT-2(+). By contrast, DEX treatment did not affect the percentage of CD8 alpha(low)/CD25(+) cells, indicating that cells with a special activation state were affected. Dexamethasone treatment reduced the number of gamma delta T cells but increased the percentages of CD14(+) monocytes and activated CD25(+) cells (both CD4(-) and CD4(+)) in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) preparations. Although DEX treatment reduced the overall proliferative capacity of PBMC, it enhanced the relative number of proliferating CD4+ lymphocytes. Lower levels of mRNA for several Th-prototype cytokines (IL-2, IFN-beta, IL-4, transforming growth factor-beta) were detected in short-term PBMC cultures established from DEX-treated calves compared with PBMC cultures from control calves; the amount of il-10 transcripts, however, was unaffected. Results of the study reported here clearly show that DEX treatment does not uniformly suppress the bovine immune system but has differential effects on lymphocyte sub-populations and functions. This information must be considered when using DEX treatment as a bovine stress model. C1 [Menge, C.] Univ Giessen, Inst Hyg & Infect Dis Anim, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Dean-Nystrom, E. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Pre Harvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Menge, C (reprint author), Univ Giessen, Inst Hyg & Infect Dis Anim, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. EM christian.menge@vetmed.uni-giessen.de NR 62 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 2284 EP 2298 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0937 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 302CG UT WOS:000255945800014 PM 18487651 ER PT J AU Reinhardt, TA Lippolis, JD AF Reinhardt, T. A. Lippolis, J. D. TI Developmental changes in the milk fat globule membrane proteome during the transition from colostrum to milk SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE milk fat globule membrane; proteomics; mammary gland; mastitis ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LIPID DROPLETS; XANTHINE-OXIDOREDUCTASE; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CANCER CELLS; PROTEINS; EXPRESSION; SECRETION AB Shotgun proteomics, using amine-reactive isobaric tags (iTRAQ), was used to quantify protein changes in milk fat globule membranes (MFGM) that were isolated from d 1 colostrum and compared with MFGM from d 7 milk. Eight Holstein cows were randomly assigned to 2 groups of 4 cow sample pools for a simple replication of this proteomic analysis using iTRAQ. The iTRAQ labeled peptides from the experiment sample pools were fractionated by strong cation exchange chromatography followed by further fractionation on a microcapillary high performance liquid chromatograph connected to a nanospray-tandem mass spectrometer. Data analysis identified 138 bovine proteins in the MFGM with 26 proteins upregulated and 19 proteins downregulated in d 7 MFGM compared with colostrum MFGM. Mucin 1 and 15 were upregulated greater than 7-fold in MFGM from d 7 milk compared with colostrum MFGM. The tripartite complex of proteins of adipophilin, butyrophilin, and xanthine dehydrogenase were individually upregulated in d 7MFGM 3.4-, 3.2-, and 2.6-fold, respectively, compared with colostrum MFGM. Additional proteins associated with various aspects of lipid transport synthesis and secretion such as acyl-CoA synthetase, lanosterol synthase, lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase, and fatty acid binding protein were upregulated 2.6- to 5.1-fold in d 7 MFGM compared with colostrum MFGM. In contrast, apolipoproteins A1, C-III, E, and A-IV were downregulated 2.6- to 4.3-fold in d 7 MFGM compared with colostrum MFGM. These data demonstrate that quantitative shotgun proteomics has great potential to provide new insights into mammary development. C1 [Reinhardt, T. A.; Lippolis, J. D.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Reinhardt, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM tim.reinhardt@ars.usda.gov RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 NR 56 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 2307 EP 2318 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0952 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 302CG UT WOS:000255945800016 PM 18487653 ER PT J AU Kuhn, MT Hutchison, JL AF Kuhn, M. T. Hutchison, J. L. TI Prediction of dairy bull fertility from field data: Use of multiple services and identification and utilization of factors affecting bull fertility SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bull fertility; conception rate; prediction; artificial insemination ID HOLSTEIN COWS; NONRETURN; CONCEPTION; NUMBER; SEMEN AB The objectives of this research were to assess the utility of multiple services, rather than first service only, and an expanded service sire term for prediction of bull conception rate (CR) by artificial insemination in the United States. The intent with the expanded service sire term was to determine whether accuracy could be improved by estimating factors affecting the bull's CR explicitly in the model and then formulating the bull's prediction as the sum of his own service sire solution along with the solutions for the other factors. Factors considered for the expanded service sire term included age of the bull at the time of mating, stud, inbreeding of the service sire, inbreeding of the mating (potential embryo), and an additive genetic effect. Both simulated and field data were used to study the objectives. In simulation, predictions were compared with true values, whereas with real data, predictions were compared with the bulls' average CR in set-aside data. Field data, using lactations 1 to 5, included 3,312,998 breedings of 737,626 Holstein cows in 1,419 herds distributed over 43 states and across 12 yr (1995 to 2006). The use of both multiple services and an expanded service sire term improved the accuracy of predictions. Multiple services contributed a 7 to 9% increase in accuracy, whereas the expanded service sire term improved accuracy by an estimated 12%. The amount of improvement in accuracy depends on the number of services available, but even for bulls with at least 500 matings, the combination of multiple services and an expanded service sire term can be expected to result in an overall increase in accuracy of at least 20%. Mean differences between predictions and bulls' average CR in set-aside data indicated that this improvement in accuracy can be brought about without introducing bias into the evaluations. Heritability estimates for artificial-insemination bull CR were essentially zero. Thus, use of an additive genetic effect for the service sire will not be of assistance in predicting bull fertility. All 4 of the other factors used in the expanded service sire term contributed to improved accuracy, although age of the bull at the time of mating was, by far, the major factor (correlation of 55.2% with future-year CR when included, 44.0% when not included). Allowing the stud effect to vary by year and using only the stud's most recent year solution in prediction were shown to be superior to using stud alone. C1 [Kuhn, M. T.; Hutchison, J. L.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kuhn, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mkuhn@aipl.arsusda.gov NR 18 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 6 BP 2481 EP 2492 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0743 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 302CG UT WOS:000255945800035 PM 18487672 ER PT J AU Ladurner, E Bosch, J Kemp, WP Maini, S AF Ladurner, E. Bosch, J. Kemp, W. P. Maini, S. TI Foraging and nesting behavior of Osmia lignaria (Hymenoptera : megachilidae) in the presence of fungicides: Cage studies SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE orchard pollination; side effects; behavioral effects; sublethal dosages ID APIS-MELLIFERA L; HONEY-BEES; FIELD EXPERIMENTS; PESTICIDES; DELTAMETHRIN; INSECTICIDES; ROTUNDATA; RELEVANCE; TOXICITY; YIELDS AB During orchard pollination studies in California, we observed dramatic changes in nesting and foraging behavior of Osmia lignaria Say (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) after sprays with tank mixtures containing fungicides. A characteristic pattern of postspray events observed includes erratic behavior and interrupted foraging and nesting activity for several days. In an effort to determine whether fungicidal sprays were disruptive to bee foraging and thus to pollination,, we exposed O. lignaria females nesting in field cages planted with lacy scorpionweed, Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth (Hydrophyllaceae), to selected spray mixtures normally encountered in California orchard production systems: iprodione (Rovral), propiconazole (Orbit), benomyl (Benlate), and captan (Captan 50 WP); the surfactant Dyne-Amic, alone and mixed with Rovral; and the tank mixture IDB (Rovral + Dyne-Amic + the foliar fertilizer Bayfolan Plus). An additional cage sprayed with an equal volume of water acted as control, and a cage sprayed with the insecticide dimethoate as a toxic standard. For each female O. lignaria, we recorded time spent inside the nest depositing pollen-nectar loads, foraging time, cell production rate, and survival. All females in the dimethoate treatment died postspray +1 d. Before death, some of these females behaved similarly to out previous orchard observations. A high proportion of females in the IDB cage were inactive for a few hours before resuming normal foraging and nesting activity. No lethal or behavioral effects were found for any of the other compounds or mixtures tested. Our results indicate that the fungicide applications that we tested are compatible with the use of O. lignaria as an orchard pollinator. C1 [Bosch, J.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Ecol CREAF, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Ladurner, E.; Maini, S.] Univ Bologna, DISTA, Area Entomol, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Ladurner, E.] Intrachem Prod Srl, R&D Dept, Cesena, Italy. [Kemp, W. P.] USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Bosch, J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Bosch, J (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Ecol CREAF, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. EM jordi.bosch@uab.es OI Maini, Stefano/0000-0001-7272-1243; Bosch , Jordi/0000-0002-8088-9457 NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 37 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 647 EP 653 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[647:FANBOO]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200001 PM 18613561 ER PT J AU Huntzinger, CI James, RR Bosch, J Kemp, WP AF Huntzinger, C. I. James, R. R. Bosch, J. Kemp, W. P. TI Laboratory bioassays to evaluate fungicides for chalkbrood control in larvae of the alfalfa leafcutting bee (Hymenoptera : megachilidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alfalfa leafcutting bee; bees; chalkbrood; disease control; insect pathology ID ASCOSPHAERA-AGGREGATA; VEGETATIVE GROWTH; ROTUNDATA; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TEMPERATURE; TOXICITY; EFFICACY; DISEASE; FUNGUS AB Chalkbrood, a fungal disease in bees, is caused by several species of Ascosphaera. A. aggregata is a major mortality factor in populations of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata (F.) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) used in commercial alfalfa seed production. Four formulated fungicides, Benlate 50 WP, Captan, Orbit, and Rovral 50 WP were tested in the laboratory for efficacy against hyphal growth of A. aggregata cultures. The same fungicides, with the addition of Rovral 4 F, were tested for their effects on incidence of chalkbrood disease, and toxicity to M. rotundata larvae. Benlate, Rovral 50 WP, and Rovral 4 F reduced incidence of chalkbrood with minimal mortality on larval bees. Benlate and Rovral 50 WP also reduced hyphal growth. Orbit was effective in reducing byphal growth, but it did not reduce incidence of chalkbrood and was toxic to bee larvae. Captan was not effective in reducing hyphal growth or chalkbrood incidence, and it was toxic to bee larvae. Fungicides that reduce incidence of chalkbrood and larval mortality in this laboratory study are candidates for further study for chalkbrood control. C1 [Huntzinger, C. I.; James, R. R.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Bosch, J.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Unitat Ecol CREAF, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Kemp, W. P.] USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP James, RR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM rosalind.james@ars.usda.gov OI Bosch , Jordi/0000-0002-8088-9457 NR 35 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 19 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 660 EP 667 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[660:LBTEFF]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200003 PM 18613563 ER PT J AU Strange, JP Cicciarelli, RP Calderone, NW AF Strange, James P. Cicciarelli, Richard P. Calderone, Nicholas W. TI What's in that package? An evaluation of quality of package honey bee (Hymenoptera : apidae) shipments in the united states SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; Varroa destructor; Acarapis woodi; Nosema spp.; package honey bees ID APIS-MELLIFERA HYMENOPTERA; VARROA-DESTRUCTOR ACARI; ACARAPIS-WOODI; SAMPLING METHODS; JACOBSONI ACARI; TRACHEAL MITE; COLONIES; INFESTATION; RESISTANCE; USA AB To replace deceased colonies or to increase the colony numbers, beekeepers often purchase honey bees, Apis mellifera L., in a package, which is composed of 909-1,364 g (2-3 lb) of worker bees and a mated queen. Packages are typically produced in warm regions of the United States in spring and shipped throughout the United States to replace colonies that perished during winter. Although the package bee industry is effective in replacing colonies lost in winter, packages also can be an effective means of dispersing diseases, parasites, and undesirable stock to beekeepers throughout the United States. To evaluate the quality of packages, we examined 48 packages representing six lines of bees purchased in the spring 2006. We estimated levels of the parasitic mite Varroa destructor Anderson & Trueman and the percentage of drone (male) honey bees received in packages. We surveyed for presence of the tracheal honey bee mite, Acarapis woodi (Rennie), and a microsporidian parasite, Nosema spp., in the shipped bees. We found significant differences in both the mean Varroa mite per bee ratios (0.004 - 0.054) and the average percentage of drones (0.04-5.1%) in packages from different producers. We found significant differences in the number of Nosema-infected packages (0.0-75.0%) among the six lines. No packages contained detectable levels of A. woodi. Considering the observed variability among honey bee packages, beekeepers should be aware of the potential for pest and disease infestations and high drone levels in packages. C1 [Strange, James P.; Cicciarelli, Richard P.; Calderone, Nicholas W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Dyce Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Strange, JP (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM james.strange@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 15 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 668 EP 673 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[668:WITPAE]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200004 PM 18613564 ER PT J AU Pitts-Singer, TL James, RR AF Pitts-Singer, Theresa L. James, Rosalind R. TI Do weather conditions correlate with findings in failed, provision-filled nest cells of Megachile rotundata (Hymenoptera : megachilidae) in western north america? SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE apoidea; megachilidae; Medicago; alfalfa leafcutting bee; pollen ball ID ALFALFA LEAFCUTTING BEE; TEMPERATURE; POLLINATION; CANADA; POPULATION; EMERGENCE; PACIFICA; FIELDS AB Cavity-nesting alfalfa leafcutting bees, Megachile rotundata (F.) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), are excellent pollinators of alfalfa, Medicago savita L., for seed production. In commercial settings, artificial cavities are placed in field domiciles for nesting and, thereby, bee populations are sustained for future use. For this study, cells from leafcutting bee nests were collected in late summer from commercial seed fields. Over 3 yr (2003-2005), 39 samples in total of approximate to 1,000 cells each were taken from several northwestern U.S. states and from Manitoba, Canada. X-radiography of 500 cells from each sample was used to identify "pollen balls" (i.e., cells in which the pollen-nectar provision remained, but the egg or larva, if present, was not detectable on an x-radiograph). Most U.S. samples seemed to have higher proportions of pollen ball cells than Manitoba samples. Pollen ball cells were dissected to determine the moisture condition of the mass provision and true contents of each cell. Most pollen ball cells from Manitoba samples contained fungus, the frequency of which was positively correlated with cool, wet weather. In the United States, most pollen ball cells had moist provisions, and many of them lacked young brood. Correlation analysis revealed that pollen ball cells occurred in greater proportions in fields with more hot days (above 38 degrees C). Broodless pollen ball cells occurred in greater proportions under cool conditions, but dead small larvae (second-third instars) seemed to occur in greater proportions under hot conditions. Pollen ball cells with unhatched eggs and first instars (in the chorion) occurred in lesser proportions under hot conditions. C1 [Pitts-Singer, Theresa L.; James, Rosalind R.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Pitts-Singer, TL (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM theresa.pitts-singer@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 674 EP 685 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[674:DWCCWF]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200005 PM 18613565 ER PT J AU Follett, PA AF Follett, Peter A. TI Effect of irradiation on Mexican leafroller (Lepidoptera : tortricidae) development and reproduction SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amorbia emigratella; quarantine pest; phytosanitary treatment; postharvest ID QUARANTINE TREATMENT; MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; RADIATION; FRUITS; HAWAII AB The effects of irradiation on egg, larval, and pupal development, and adult reproduction in Mexican leafroller, Amorbia emigratella Busck (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), were examined. Eggs, neonates, early instars, late instars, early pupae, and late pupae were irradiated at target doses of 60, 90,120, or 150 Gy, or they were left untreated as controls in replicated factorial experiments. Survival to the adult stage was recorded. Tolerance to radiation increased with increasing age and developmental stage. A radiation dose of 90 Gy applied to neonates and early instars prevented adult emergence. A dose of 150 Gy was not sufficient to prevent adult emergence in late instars or pupae. The effect of irradiation on sterility was examined in late pupae and adult moths. For progeny produced by insects treated as late pupae, a total of three out of 3,130 eggs hatched at 90 Cy, 0 out of 2,900 eggs hatched at 120 Gy, and 0 out of 1,700 eggs hatched at 150 Gy. From regression analysis, the dose predicted to prevent egg hatch from the progeny of irradiated late pupae was 120 Gy, with a 95% confidence interval of 101-149 Gy. The late pupa is the most radiotolerant stage likely to occur with exported commodities; therefore, a minimum absorbed radiation dose of 149 Gy (nominally 150 Gy) has potential as a quarantine treatment. Reciprocal crosses between irradiated and unirradiated moths demonstrated that males were more radiotolerant than females. Irradiation of female moths at a target dose of 90 Gy before pairing and mating with irradiated or unirradiated males resulted in no viable eggs, whereas irradiated males paired with unirradiated females produced viable eggs at 90 and 150 Gy. C1 USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Follett, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, POB 4459, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM peter.follett@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 710 EP 715 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[710:EOIOML]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200009 PM 18613569 ER PT J AU Hallman, GJ AF Hallman, Guy J. TI Potential increase in fruit fly (Diptera : tephritidae) interceptions using ionizing irradiation phytosanitary treatments SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anastrepha ludens; quarantine; commodity treatment; radiation; disinfestation AB Irradiation postharvest phytosanitary treatments are used increasingly and show further promise because of advantages compared with other treatments. Its chief disadvantage is that, unlike all other commercially used treatments, it does not provide acute mortality, although it prevents insects from completing development or reproducing. The objective of this research was to determine to what extent irradiated egg and early instars of tephritids would develop to later instars that could be found by phytosanitary inspectors or consumers. Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew), eggs and first instars in grapefruit, Citrus paradisi Macfayden, were irradiated with 70-250 Gy and held at approximate to 27 degrees C until third instars completed development. The accepted minimum absorbed phytosanitary dose for this pest is 70 Gy, although higher doses may be applied under commercial conditions. The more developed a fruit fly before it was irradiated, the greater the proportion that survived to the third instar. Also, dose was inversely related to developmental success, e.g., a mean of approximate to 65 and 35%, respectively, of late first instars reached the third instar when irradiated with 70 and 250 Gy. Of those, 65.1 and 23.4%, respectively, pupariated, although no adults emerged. Irradiation may result in a greater frequency of live (albeit incapable of resulting in an infestation) larvae being found than would be expected compared with other treatments that provide acute mortality. The regulatory community should be aware of this and the fact that it does not increase the risk of irradiation phytosanitary treatments resulting in an infestation of quarantine pests. C1 USDA ARS, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Hallman, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM guy.hallman@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 716 EP 719 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[716:PIIFFD]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200010 PM 18613570 ER PT J AU El-Sayed, AM Byers, JA Manning, LM Jurgens, A Mitchell, VJ Suckling, DM AF El-Sayed, A. M. Byers, J. A. Manning, L. M. Juergens, A. Mitchell, V. J. Suckling, D. M. TI Floral scent of Canada thistle and its potential as a generic insect attractant SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE kairomone; invasive species; floral volatiles; Canada thistle; Cirsium arvense ID LEPIDOPTERA; PHEROMONE; TRAPS; MOTHS; PHENYLACETALDEHYDE; NOCTUIDAE; AUTOGRAPHA; VOLATILES; RADIUS; LOOPER AB The flowers of Canada thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.), attract a wide range of insects, including pollinators and herbivorous species. This attraction is primarily mediated by floral odor, which offers potential for developing generic insect attractants based on odor. In this study, we have analyzed the chemical composition of the volatiles produced by Canada thistle flowers. Nineteen floral compounds were identified in the headspace, including phenylacetaldehyde (55%), methyl salicylate (14%), dimethyl salicylate (8%), pyranoid linalool oxide (4.5%), and benzaldehyde (3.5%). Other minor compounds include benzyl alcohol, methylbenzoate, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol, furanoid linalool oxide, p-anisaldehyde, 2,6-dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene, benzylacetate, benzyl tiglate, (E,E)a-farnesene, benzyl benzoate, isopropyl myristate, and 2-phenylethyl ester benzoic acid. The relative attractiveness of various doses of the main floral volatile compound pbenylacetaldehyde (i.e., 10, 100, 200, and 400 mg) was tested for insect attraction. Both the total catch and the biodiversity of insect species trapped increased as the loading of phenylacetaldehyde increased. Volatiles were chosen from the odors from the flowers of Canada thistle and formulated and tested in the field. An 11-component blend was the most attractive of several floral blends tested. These findings indicate that chemical components of flower odors of Canada thistle can serve as a generic insect attractant for monitoring of invasive pest species. C1 [El-Sayed, A. M.; Manning, L. M.; Juergens, A.; Mitchell, V. J.; Suckling, D. M.] Canterbury Res Ctr, Lincoln 8152, New Zealand. [Byers, J. A.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. RP El-Sayed, AM (reprint author), Canterbury Res Ctr, Lincoln 8152, New Zealand. EM ael-sayed@hortresearch.co.nz RI Juergens, Andreas/E-9479-2010; Suckling, David/F-7005-2010 OI Juergens, Andreas/0000-0002-5288-0498; Suckling, David/0000-0001-7216-9348 NR 31 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 28 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 720 EP 727 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[720:FSOCTA]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200011 PM 18613571 ER PT J AU Nagoshi, RN Meagher, RL Flanders, K Gore, J Jackson, R Lopez, J Armstrong, JS Buntin, GD Sansone, C Leonard, BR AF Nagoshi, Rodney N. Meagher, Robert L. Flanders, Kathy Gore, Jeffrey Jackson, Ryan Lopez, Juan Armstrong, John S. Buntin, G. David Sansone, Chris Leonard, B. Rogers TI Using Haplotypes to monitor the migration of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera : noctuidae) corn-strain populations from Texas and Florida SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fall armyworm; migration; haplotype; Spodoptera frugiperda ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; HOST STRAINS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; IDENTIFICATION; INSECTICIDES; ADAPTATION; GENETICS; INSECTS; STATES; BRAZIL AB Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), infestations in most of North America north of Mexico arise from annual migrations of populations that overwinter in southern Texas and Florida. A comparison of the cytochrome oxidase I haplotype profiles within the fall armyworm corn-strain, the subgroup that preferentially infests corn (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers.), identified significant differences in the proportions of certain haplotypes between the Texas and Florida populations. These proportional differences were preserved as the populations migrated, providing a molecular metric by which the source of a migrant population could be identified. The migratory pattern derived from this method for several southeastern states was shown to be consistent with predictions based on analysis of historical agricultural and fall armyworm infestation data. These results demonstrate the utility of haplotype proportions to monitor fall armyworm migration, and they also introduce a potential method to predict the severity of cotton crop infestations in the short term. C1 [Nagoshi, Rodney N.; Meagher, Robert L.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. [Flanders, Kathy] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Gore, Jeffrey; Jackson, Ryan] USDA ARS, So Insect Management Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Lopez, Juan] ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Armstrong, John S.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, KSARC, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Buntin, G. David] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Sansone, Chris] Texas A&M Univ, Res & Extens Ctr, San Angelo, TX 76901 USA. [Leonard, B. Rogers] Louisiana State Univ Ag Ctr, Macon Ridge Res Stn, Winnsboro, LA 71295 USA. RP Nagoshi, RN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. EM rodney.nagoshi@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 742 EP 749 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[742:UHTMTM]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200014 PM 18613574 ER PT J AU Vargas, RI Stark, JD Hertlein, M Neto, AM Coler, R Pinero, JC AF Vargas, Roger I. Stark, John D. Hertlein, Mark Neto, Agenor Mafra Coler, Reginald Pinero, Jaime C. TI Evaluation of SPLAT with spinosad and methyl eugenol or cue-lure for "attract-and-kill" of oriental and melon fruit flies (Diptera : tephritidae) in Hawaii SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SPLAT; male annihilation; Bactrocera dorsalis; Bactrocera cucurbitae; fruit fly suppression ID MALE ANNIHILATION; FLY DIPTERA; ERADICATION; TRAPS; FORMULATIONS; ISLANDS; TRIALS; BAIT AB Specialized Pheromone and Lure Application Technology (SPLAT) methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (C-L) "attract-and-kill" sprayable formulations containing spinosad were compared with other formulations under Hawaiian weather conditions against oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), respectively. Field tests were conducted with three different dispensers (Min-U-Gel, Acti-Gel, and SPLAT) and two different insecticides (naled and spinosad). SPLAT ME with spinosad was equal in performance to the standard Min-U-Gel ME with naled formulation up to 12 wk. SPLAT C-L with spinosad was equal in performance to the standard Min-U-Gel C-L with naled formulation during weeks 7 to12, but not during weeks 1-6. In subsequent comparative trials, SPLAT ME + spinosad compared favorably with the current standard of Min-U-Gel ME + naled for up to 6 wk, and it was superior from weeks 7 to 12 in two separate tests conducted in a papaya (Carica papaya L.) orchard and a guava (Psidium guajava L.) orchard, respectively. In outdoor paired, weathering tests (fresh versus weathered), C-L dispensers (SPLAT + spinosad, SPLAT + naled, and Min-U-Gel + naled) were effective up to 70 d. Weathered ME dispensers with SPLAT + spinosad compared favorably with SPLAT + naled and Min-U-Gel + naled, and they were equal to fresh dispensers for 21-28 d, depending on location. Our current studies indicate that SPLAT ME and SPLAT C-L sprayable attract-and-kill dispensers containing spinosad are a promising substitute for current liquid organophosphate insecticide formulations used for areawide suppression of B. dorsalis and B.,cucurbitae in Hawaii.. C1 [Vargas, Roger I.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Stark, John D.] Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Hertlein, Mark] Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. [Neto, Agenor Mafra; Coler, Reginald] ISCA Technol, Riverside, CA 92517 USA. [Pinero, Jaime C.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Vargas, RI (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, POB 4459, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM roger.vargas@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 18 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 759 EP 768 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[759:EOSWSA]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200016 PM 18613576 ER PT J AU Behle, RW Hibbard, BE Cermak, SC Isbell, TA AF Behle, Robert W. Hibbard, Bruce E. Cermak, Steven C. Isbell, Terry A. TI Examining Cuphea as a potential host for western corn rootworm (Coleoptera : chrysomelidae): Larval development SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cuphea; western corn rootworm; Diabrotica virgifera AB In previous crop rotation research, adult emergence traps placed in plots planted to Cuphea PSR-23 (a selected cross of Cuphea viscosissma Jacq. and Cuphea lanceolata Ait.) caught high numbers of adult western corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), suggesting that larvae may have completed development on this broadleaf plant. Because of this observation, a series of greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that Cuphea could serve as a host for larval development. Greenhouse-grown plants infested with neonates of a colonized nondiapausing strain of the beetle showed no survival of larvae on Cuphea, although larvae did survive on the positive control (corn, Zea mays L.) and negative control [sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] plants. Soil samples collected 20 June, 7 July, and 29 July 2005 from field plots planted to Cuphea did not contain rootworm larvae compared with means of 1.28, 0.22, and 0.00 rootworms kg(-1) soil, respectively, for samples collected from plots planted to corn. Emergence traps captured a peak of eight beetles trap(-1) day(-1) from-corn plots on 8 July compared with a peak of 0.5 beetle trap(-1) day(-1) on 4 August from Cuphea plots. Even though a few adult beetles were again captured in the emergence traps placed in the Cuphea plots, it is not thought to be the result of successful larval development on Cuphea roots. All the direct evidence reported here supports the conventional belief that rootworm larvae do not survive on broadleaf plants, including Cuphea. C1 [Behle, Robert W.] USDA ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Hibbard, Bruce E.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Cermak, Steven C.; Isbell, Terry A.] USDA ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Behle, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, NCAUR, 1815 N Univ Ave, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM robert.behle@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 797 EP 800 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[797:ECAAPH]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200020 PM 18613580 ER PT J AU Lee, JC Flint, ML Seybold, SJ AF Lee, Jana C. Flint, Mary Louise Seybold, Steven J. TI Suitability of pines and other conifers as hosts for the invasive Mediterranean pine engraver (Coleoptera : scolytidae) in North America SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bark beetle; distribution; host range; invasive species; Pinus ID ORTHOTOMICUS-EROSUS; BARK BEETLES; ISRAEL AB The invasive Mediterranean pine engraver, Orthotomicus erosus (Wollaston) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), was detected in North America in 2004, and it is currently distributed in the southern Central Valley of California. It originates from the Mediterranean region, the Middle East, and Asia, and it reproduces on pines (Pinus spp.). To identify potentially vulnerable native and adventive hosts in North America, no-choice host range tests were conducted in the laboratory on 22 conifer species. The beetle reproduced on four pines from its native Eurasian range-Aleppo, Canary Island, Italian stone, and Scots pines; 11 native North American pines-eastern white, grey, jack, Jeffrey, loblolly, Monterey, ponderosa, red, Sierra lodgepole, singleleaf pinyon, and sugar pines; and four native nonpines-Douglas-fir, black and white spruce, and tamarack. Among nonpines, fewer progeny developed and they were of smaller size on Douglas-fir and tamarack, but sex ratios of progeny were nearly 1:1 on all hosts. Last, beetles did not develop on white fir, incense cedar, and coast redwood. With loblolly pine, the first new adults emerged 42 d after parental females were introduced into host logs at temperatures of 20 -33 degrees C and 523.5 or 334.7 accumulated degree-days based on lower development thresholds of 13.6 or 18 degrees C, respectively. C1 [Lee, Jana C.; Flint, Mary Louise] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lee, Jana C.; Seybold, Steven J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lee, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM jana.lee@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 829 EP 837 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[829:SOPAOC]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200024 PM 18613584 ER PT J AU Mankin, RW Smith, MT Tropp, JM Atkinson, EB Jong, DY AF Mankin, R. W. Smith, M. T. Tropp, J. M. Atkinson, E. B. Jong, D. Y. TI Detection of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera : cerambycidae) larvae in different host trees and tissues by automated analyses of sound-impulse frequency and temporal patterns SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE quarantine; eradication; invasive species ID LONGHORNED BEETLE COLEOPTERA; URBAN TREES; WHITE GRUBS; SOIL; INFESTATIONS; INSECTS AB Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), an invasive pest quarantined in the United States, is difficult to detect because the larvae feed unseen inside trees. Acoustic technology has potential for reducing costs and hazards of tree inspection, but development of practical methods for acoustic detection requires the solution of technical problems involving transmission of resonant frequencies in wood and high background noise levels in the urban environments where most infestations have occurred. A study was conducted to characterize sounds from larvae of different ages in cambium, sapwood, and heartwood of bolts from three host tree species. Larval sounds in all of the tested trees and tissues consisted primarily of trains of brief, 3-10-ms impulses. There were no major differences in the spectral or temporal pattern characteristics of signals produced by larvae of different ages in each tissue, but larval sounds in sapwood often had fewer spectral peaks than sounds in cambium and heartwood. A large fraction, but not all background sounds could be discriminated from larval sounds by automated spectral analyses. In 3-min recordings from infested bolts, trains containing impulses in patterns called bursts occurred frequently, featuring 7-49 impulses separated by small intervals. Bursts were rarely detected in uninfested bolts. The occurrence of bursts was found to predict infestations more accurately than previously used automated spectral analyses alone. Bursts and other features of sounds that are identifiable by automated techniques may ultimately lead to improved pest detection applications and new insight into pest behavior. C1 [Mankin, R. W.; Atkinson, E. B.; Jong, D. Y.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Smith, M. T.; Tropp, J. M.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insect Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. RP Mankin, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM richard.mankin@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 19 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 838 EP 849 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[838:DOAGCC]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200025 PM 18613585 ER PT J AU Hitchner, EM Kuhar, TP Dickens, JC Youngman, RR Schultz, PB Pfeiffer, DG AF Hitchner, Erin M. Kuhar, Thomas P. Dickens, Joseph C. Youngman, Roger R. Schultz, Peter B. Pfeiffer, Douglas G. TI Host plant choice experiments of Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) in Virginia SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE eggplant; solanaceous; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; potato; tomato ID AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; LEPTINOTARSA-DECEMLINEATA; SPECIFICITY; VOLATILES; POPULATIONS; ATTRACTION; MANAGEMENT; PREFERENCE; HERBIVORE; SELECTION AB Field and laboratory-choice experiments were conducted to understand aspects of host plant orientation by the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), in Virginia. In laboratory bioassays, L. decemlineata oriented to volatiles emitted by potato, Solanum tuberosum L., foliage over both tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum L., and eggplant, Solanum melongena L., foliage, and eggplant over tomato foliage, all of which had been mechanically damaged. Field choice tests revealed more L. decemlineata adults, larvae, and egg masses on eggplant than on tomato. In other experiments, counts of live L. decemlineata on untreated paired plants and counts of dead beetles on imidacloprid-treated plants did not differ between potato and eggplant. L. decemlineata was significantly attracted to eggplant over both tomato and pepper. To determine whether feeding adults affected orientation to host plants, an imidacloprid-treated eggplant or potato plant was paired with an untreated eggplant or potato plant covered in a mesh bag containing two adult male beetles. Significantly more adults were attracted to eggplant with feeding male beetles paired with another eggplant than any other treatment combination. These results indicate that the presence of male L. decemlineata on plants affects host plant orientation and suggests that the male-produced aggregation pheromone may be involved. C1 [Hitchner, Erin M.; Kuhar, Thomas P.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Eastern Shore Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Entomol, Painter, VA 23420 USA. [Hitchner, Erin M.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci,Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Youngman, Roger R.; Pfeiffer, Douglas G.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Schultz, Peter B.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Hampton Rd Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Entomol, Virginia Beach, VA 23455 USA. RP Hitchner, EM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Eastern Shore Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Entomol, 33446 Res Dr, Painter, VA 23420 USA. EM hitchner@vt.edu NR 36 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 859 EP 865 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[859:HPCEOC]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200027 PM 18613587 ER PT J AU Liu, FY Xu, ZP Chang, JH Chen, J Meng, FX Zhu, YC Shen, JL AF Liu, Fengyi Xu, Zhiping Chang, Juhua Chen, Jin Meng, Fengxia Zhu, Yu Cheng Shen, Jinliang TI Resistance allele frequency to Bt cotton in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) in china SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Helicoverpa armigera; Bt cotton; resistance detection F(1) screen; resistance management ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS-TOXIN; CRY1AC DELTA-ENDOTOXIN; CORN-BORER LEPIDOPTERA; INSECTICIDAL PROTEIN; TRANSGENIC COTTON; FITNESS COSTS; PINK-BOLLWORM; MANAGEMENT; EVOLUTION; HUBNER AB Resistance evolution in target insects to Bacillus thurningiensis (Bt) cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., is a main threat to Bt cotton technology. An increasing trend of population density of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has been observed since 2001 in Qiuxian County (Hebei, China), where Bt cotton has been planted dominantly since 1998. This region was selected in 2006 and 2007 for estimating frequency of gene alleles conferring resistance to Bt cotton by screening the F, progeny from single-pair cross between field-collected male and laboratory female of the Bt-resistant strain of H. armigera (F(1) screen). F(1) offspring from each single-pair line were screened for resistance alleles based on larval growth, development, and survival on Bt cotton leaves for 5 d. Two-year results indicated that approximate to 20% of field-collected males carried resistance alleles. The conservative estimate of the resistance allele frequency was 0.094 (95% CI, 0.044 - 0.145) for 2006 and 0.107 (95% CI, 0.055-0.159) for 2007. This is the first report of resistance allele frequency increase to such a high level in the field in China. Long-term adoption of Bt sprays, dominant planting of single-toxin-producing Bt cotton, and lack of conventional cotton refuge system might accelerate the resistance evolution in the region. C1 [Liu, Fengyi; Xu, Zhiping; Chang, Juhua; Chen, Jin; Shen, Jinliang] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Dept Pesticide Sci, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China. [Meng, Fengxia] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Communicable Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Yu Cheng] ARS, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Shen, JL (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Dept Pesticide Sci, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China. EM yc.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 28 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 11 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 933 EP 943 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[933:RAFTBC]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200037 PM 18613597 ER PT J AU Hogsette, JA Nalli, A Foil, LD AF Hogsette, Jerome A. Nalli, Alyce Foil, Lane D. TI Evaluation of different insecticides and fabric types for development of treated targets for stable fly (Diptera : Muscidae) control SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fly control; biting flies; cloth targets; livestock pests ID FLIES DIPTERA; STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS; TRAPS; POPULATIONS; GLOSSINIDAE; TABANIDS; TSETSE AB Stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), once only a pest of pastured cattle, has become a serious pest of range cattle in the United States. Because of the difficulties associated with stable fly management under range conditions, a pesticide-impregnated cloth target is being developed as a management tool. We conducted studies to determine the influence of weather, time, fabric type, insecticide type, and insecticide concentration on the mortality of stable flies from a susceptible laboratory colony exposed for 30 s to treated cloth targets. We found that 100% of the flies exposed to trigger (Trigger-Royal Box, 65% polyester and 35% cotton) fabric targets that were treated with 0.1% lambda-cyhalothrin or 0.1% xi-cypermethrin and weathered outdoors in Gainesville, FL., for up to 3 mo, were dead within 20 min after a 30-s exposure. The results of this study support the concept that treated targets can be developed for integration into stable fly control programs. C1 [Hogsette, Jerome A.; Nalli, Alyce] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Hogsette, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM jhogsette@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 101 IS 3 BP 1034 EP 1038 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[1034:EODIAF]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336AR UT WOS:000258337200050 PM 18613610 ER PT J AU Russo, GT Di Benedetto, A Alessi, E Giandalia, A Gaudio, A Ientile, R Horvath, KV Asztalos, B Raimondo, G Cucinotta, D AF Russo, G. T. Di Benedetto, A. Alessi, E. Giandalia, A. Gaudio, A. Ientile, R. Horvath, K. V. Asztalos, B. Raimondo, G. Cucinotta, D. TI Menopause modulates homocysteine levels in diabetic and non-diabetic women SO JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE homocysteine; menopause; diabetes; women; MTHFR ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PLASMA TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE GENE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; FRAMINGHAM OFFSPRING COHORT; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; VASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK-FACTOR; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN AB High total homocysteine (tHcy) plasma levels may contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk of Type 2 diabetic women. However, to date, data on factors modulating tHcy concentration in this population are scarce. Fasting tHcy, vitamin B(12), folate plasma levels, and the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotype as well as clinical, biochemical, and lifestyle variables were compared in 91 Type 2 diabetic and 91 matched non-diabetic women (40 pre-and 51 post-menopausal, in each group). Fasting tHcy concentration did not differ between diabetic and control women, even after multivariable adjustment. In both groups, tHcy levels increased after menopause, but the differences were weakened after multivariable adjustment. The MTHFR genotype distribution was in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, with a similar TT frequency in diabetic (22.2 %) and control women (19.8%). Overall, tHcy plasma concentration was higher in TT homozygous compared to other genotypes. We found a menopause-genotype interaction on tHcy levels (p=0.068 for menopause*genotype interaction); overall, the increase of tHcy concentration in TT subjects was limited to pre-menopause (p < 0.0001; adjusted p=0.024), and this was confirmed after considering diabetic and control women separately (p=0.001 and p=0.01, respectively). At multivariate analysis, menopause was an independent correlate of tHcy concentration, together with creatinine, folate and MTHFR genotype. Our data show that menopause has a strong influence on tHcy concentration even in Type 2 diabetic women and demonstrate, for the first time, that it may modulate the association between tHcy and the common MTHFR polymorphism both in diabetic and non-diabetic women. C1 [Russo, G. T.; Di Benedetto, A.; Alessi, E.; Giandalia, A.; Gaudio, A.; Raimondo, G.; Cucinotta, D.] Univ Messina, Dept Internal Med, Messina, Italy. [Ientile, R.] Univ Messina, Dept Biochem Sci, Messina, Italy. [Horvath, K. V.; Asztalos, B.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, JM USDA, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Russo, GT (reprint author), Policlin Univ G Martino, Dept Internal Med, Via C Valeria, I-98124 Messina, Italy. EM giuseppina.russo@unime.it RI Gaudio, Agostino/G-1265-2011; Di Benedetto, Antonino/H-9703-2012; cucinotta, domenico/F-4832-2014; OI Di Benedetto, Antonino/0000-0003-4093-5655; GAUDIO, Agostino/0000-0002-9958-9606 NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITRICE KURTIS S R L PI MILAN PA VIA LUIGI ZOJA 30, 20153 MILAN, ITALY SN 0391-4097 J9 J ENDOCRINOL INVEST JI J. Endocrinol. Invest. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 31 IS 6 BP 546 EP 551 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 327HP UT WOS:000257720500012 PM 18591889 ER PT J AU Neelam, A Cassol, T Mehta, RA Abdul-Baki, AA Sobolev, AP Goyal, RK Abbott, J Segre, AL Handa, AK Mattoo, AK AF Neelam, Anil Cassol, Tatiana Mehta, Roshni A. Abdul-Baki, Aref A. Sobolev, Anatoli P. Goyal, Ravinder K. Abbott, Judith Segre, Anna L. Handa, Avtar K. Mattoo, Autar K. TI A field-grown transgenic tomato line expressing higher levels of polyamines reveals legume cover crop mulch-specific perturbations in fruit phenotype at the levels of metabolite profiles, gene expression, and agronomic characteristics SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE alternative agriculture; black polyethylene; hairy vetch; metabolite profiles; NMR; tomato fruit ripening; transgene expression ID PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE; NITROGEN; CARBON; ACCUMULATION; ASSIMILATION; AGRICULTURE; DISEASE; QUALITY; TISSUE; MEMORY AB Genetic modification of crop plants to introduce desirable traits such as nutritional enhancement, disease and pest resistance, and enhanced crop productivity is increasingly seen as a promising technology for sustainable agriculture and boosting food production in the world. Independently, cultural practices that utilize alternative agriculture strategies including organic cultivation subscribe to sustainable agriculture by limiting chemical usage and reduced tillage. How the two together affect fruit metabolism or plant growth in the field or whether they are compatible has not yet been tested. Fruit-specific yeast S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (ySAMdc) line 579HO, and a control line 556AZ were grown in leguminous hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) (HV) mulch and conventional black polyethylene (BP) mulch, and their fruit analysed. Significant genotypexmulch-dependent interactions on fruit phenotype were exemplified by differential profiles of 20 fruit metabolites such as amino acids, sugars, and organic acids. Expression patterns of the ySAMdc transgene, and tomato SAMdc, E8, PEPC, and ICDHc genes were compared between the two lines as a function of growth on either BP or HV mulch. HV mulch significantly stimulated the accumulation of asparagine, glutamate, glutamine, choline, and citrate concomitant with a decrease in glucose in the 556AZ fruits during ripening as compared to BP. It enables a metabolic system in tomato somewhat akin to the one in higher polyamine-accumulating transgenic fruit that have higher phytonutrient content. Finally, synergism was found between HV mulch and transgenic tomato in up-regulating N:C indicator genes PEPC and ICDHc in the fruit. C1 [Neelam, Anil; Cassol, Tatiana; Mehta, Roshni A.; Abdul-Baki, Aref A.; Goyal, Ravinder K.; Abbott, Judith; Mattoo, Autar K.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sobolev, Anatoli P.; Segre, Anna L.] CNR, Inst Chem Methodol, Rome, Italy. [Handa, Avtar K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mattoo, AK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM autar.mattoo@ars.usda.gov RI Mattoo, Autar/G-9863-2011; OI SOBOLEV, ANATOLY/0000-0001-8709-7666 NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 59 IS 9 BP 2337 EP 2346 DI 10.1093/jxb/ern100 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 313SN UT WOS:000256760400006 PM 18469323 ER PT J AU Schwager, M Detweiler, C Vasilescu, L Anderson, DM Rus, D AF Schwager, Mac Detweiler, Carrick Vasilescu, Luliu Anderson, Dean M. Rus, Daniela TI Data-driven identification of group dynamics for motion prediction and control SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Field and Service Robotics CY JUL 09-12, 2007 CL Chamonix, FRANCE ID NETWORKS; ROBOTS; COORDINATION; STABILITY; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS; AGENTS AB A distributed model structure for representing groups of coupled dynamic agents is proposed, and the least-squares method is used for fitting model parameters based on measured position data. The difference equation model embodies a minimalist approach, incorporating only factors essential to the movement and interaction of physical bodies. The model combines effects from an agent's inertia, interactions between agents, and interactions between each agent and its environment. Global positioning system tracking data were collected in field experiments from a group of 3 cows and a group of 10 cows over the course of several days using custom-designed, head-mounted sensor boxes. These data are used with the least-squares method to fit the model to the cow groups. The modeling technique is shown to capture overall characteristics of the group as well as attributes of individual group members. Applications to livestock management are described, and the potential for surveillance, prediction, and control of various kinds of groups of dynamic agents are suggested. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Schwager, Mac; Detweiler, Carrick; Vasilescu, Luliu; Rus, Daniela] MIT, Comp Sci & Artificial Intelligence Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Anderson, Dean M.] USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Schwager, M (reprint author), MIT, Comp Sci & Artificial Intelligence Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM schwager@mit.edu; carrick@mit.edu; iuliuv@mit.edu; deanders@nmsu.edu; rus@csail.mit.edu RI Schwager, Mac/D-9327-2011 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1556-4959 J9 J FIELD ROBOT JI J. Field Robot. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 25 IS 6-7 BP 305 EP 324 DI 10.1002/rob.20243 PG 20 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 315PR UT WOS:000256892400002 ER PT J AU Salem, M Kenney, PB Rexroad, CE Yao, J AF Salem, M. Kenney, P. B. Rexroad, C. E., III Yao, J. TI Development of a 37 k high-density oligonucleotide microarray: a new tool for functional genome research in rainbow trout SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE microarray; muscle atrophy; rainbow trout ID DIFFERENTIAL GENE-EXPRESSION; MICROSATELLITE LINKAGE MAP; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; CDNA MICROARRAY; POTENTIAL ROLE; MUSCLE; FISH AB A rainbow trout high-density oligonucleotide microarray was constructed using all tentative consensus (TC) sequences that are publicly available from all international rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss genomic research projects through the Rainbow Trout Gene Index database. The new array contains 60-mer oligonucleotide probes representing 37 394 unique TC sequences and 1417 control spots. The array (4 x 44 format) was manufactured according to the design by Agilent Technologies using the inkjet-based SurePrint technology (design number 016320). The performance of the new microarray platform was evaluated by analysing gene expression associated with rainbow trout, vitellogenesis-induced muscle atrophy. This microarray will open new avenues of research that will aid in the development of novel strategies for genetic improvement for economically important traits benefiting the salmonid aquaculture industries. (C) 2008 The Authors Journal compilation (C) 2008 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles. C1 [Salem, M.; Kenney, P. B.] W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, Lab Anim Biotechnol & Genom, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Rexroad, C. E., III] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Yao, J (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM jianbo.yao@mail.wvu.edu NR 49 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1112 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 72 IS 9 BP 2187 EP 2206 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.01860.x PG 20 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 311YI UT WOS:000256635900009 ER PT J AU Liu, Z Li, RW Waldbieser, GC AF Liu, Z. Li, R. W. Waldbieser, G. C. TI Utilization of microarray technology for functional genomics in ictalurid catfish SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE catfish; gene expression; genome; microarray ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; CHANNEL CATFISH; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; BLUE CATFISH; TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS; INITIAL ANALYSIS; PHYSICAL MAP; PUNCTATUS; INFECTION AB The channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and the closely related blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus, are important species in aquaculture and serve as biological models for immunology, neurobiology and environmental monitoring. Directed and high-throughput sequencing technologies have produced 44 767 channel catfish expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and 10 764 blue catfish ESTs to date. Experiments incorporating large-scale gene expression analyses have utilized a 660 cDNA macroarray, a 1900 cDNA spotted microarray and in situ synthesized oligonucleotide microarrays covering 19 000 and 28 000 genes. These experiments have revealed numerous transcripts that are differentially expressed in response to environmental stressors, immunostimulation and exposure to viral and bacterial pathogens. A current collaboration with the U.S. Department of Energy's Community Sequencing Programme will soon provide a much larger resource of ESTs for both catfish species. This will enhance the coverage of the catfish transcriptome and lead to the production of more comprehensive microarrays for future investigations. Functional characterization of the catfish genome will improve the understanding of genetic variation in catfish populations and their responses to environmental variation and enhance the role of the channel catfish as a model species and source of dietary protein. Journal compilation (C) 2008 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles. C1 [Waldbieser, G. C.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Liu, Z.] Auburn Univ, Fish Mol Genet & Biotechnol Lab, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Liu, Z.] Auburn Univ, Aquat Genom Unit, Program Cell & Mol Biosci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Li, R. W.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Waldbieser, GC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM geoff.waldbieser@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1112 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 72 IS 9 BP 2377 EP 2390 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.01898.x PG 14 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 311YI UT WOS:000256635900014 ER PT J AU Singh, M AF Singh, Mukti TI Particle size characterization of starch-lipid composites SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID FLOUR; FUNCTIONALITY; TORTILLA AB Starch-lipid composites (SLC) have been used as fat replacers and stabilizers in beef patties, dairy products and baked goods, and the technology has been patented under the trademark Fantesk. The SLC are produced by mixing aqueous starch slurry with a lipid source and by steam jet cooking. The SLC may be dried using a drum drier and then milled in a Retsch mill (Brinkmann Instruments, Inc., Westbury, NY). Particle size distribution of SLC may affect the functional characteristics and textural properties of the end products. In this work, the particle size distribution of three starches and 18 SLC, after they were processed through steam jet cooker, drum dried, and milled, was studied. Particle size distribution was evaluated using geometric mean diameter (GMD), geometric SD, cumulative undersize distribution (d(16) and d(40)), particle size index and particle size distribution coefficient (C-m). Particle size distribution of the dried and milled SLC differed significantly from that of the cooked starches as measured by different particle size characterization parameters. The lipid source (canola or butter) and content (10, 20, 30 g/100 g) did not significantly affect the particle size characterization. The starch type had a significant influence on the particle size characteristics of SLC, with distinct differences between waxy and high-amylose (HA) starches. Waxy SLC tended to have smaller mean particle sizes but with a broad distribution, while HA SLC had bigger GMD and smaller particle size coefficient. C1 Agr Res Serv, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Singh, M (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM mukti.singh@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-8892 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 32 IS 3 BP 404 EP 415 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2008.00186.x PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 306HI UT WOS:000256238500004 ER PT J AU Dewell, GA Simpson, CA Dewell, RD Hyatt, DR Belk, KE Scanga, JA Morley, PS Grandin, T Smith, GC Dargatz, DA Wagner, BA Salman, MD AF Dewell, G. A. Simpson, C. A. Dewell, R. D. Hyatt, D. R. Belk, K. E. Scanga, J. A. Morley, P. S. Grandin, T. Smith, G. C. Dargatz, D. A. Wagner, B. A. Salman, M. D. TI Impact of transportation and lairage on hide contamination with Escherichia coli O157 in finished beef cattle SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; FEEDLOT CATTLE; MARKET SWINE; PREVALENCE; SUPPLEMENTATION; ENVIRONMENT; CARCASSES; HARVEST; FECES AB Transportation of cattle from the feedlot to the slaughter plant could influence hide contamination of Escherichia coli O157. A study was initiated to investigate the influence of transportation and lairage on shedding and hide contamination of E. coli O157. Fecal and hide samples were obtained from 40 pens of harvest-ready beef cattle at the feedlot prior to transport and again at the slaughter plant immediately after slaughter. Potential risk factors for hide contamination at the feedlot, during transport, and at slaughter were evaluated. A multilevel Poisson regression model was used to evaluate if transportation and lairage were associated with hide contamination by E. coli O157 in finished beef cattle. Lots of cattle held in E. coli O157-positive lairage pens had eight times greater risk of having positive slaughter hide samples compared with cattle held in culture-negative pens (relative risk, 8.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 38.8). Lots of cattle that were held in lairage pens contaminated with feces had three times greater risk for positive slaughter hide samples compared with cattle held in clean pens (relative risk, 3.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 7.9). Lots of cattle that were transported for long distances (>160.9 km) had twice the risk of having positive hide samples at slaughter compared with cattle transported a shorter distance (relative risk, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 5.1). These findings suggest that transportation and lairage should be considered in E. coli O157 control strategies. C1 [Dewell, G. A.; Dewell, R. D.; Morley, P. S.; Salman, M. D.] Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Simpson, C. A.; Belk, K. E.; Scanga, J. A.; Grandin, T.; Smith, G. C.] Colorado State Univ, Ctr Red Meat Qual & Safety, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hyatt, D. R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dargatz, D. A.; Wagner, B. A.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Epidemiol, USDA, Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dargatz, D. A.; Wagner, B. A.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Anim Hlth, USDA, Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Salman, MD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM M.D.Salman@colostate.edu RI Hyatt, Doreene/E-6811-2017; OI Morley, Paul/0000-0001-8138-2714 NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 6 BP 1114 EP 1118 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 309XW UT WOS:000256494500002 PM 18592735 ER PT J AU Oscar, TP AF Oscar, T. P. TI Development and validation of a stochastic model for predicting the growth of Salmonella typhimurium DT104 from a low initial density on chicken frankfurters with native microflora SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID GROUND CHICKEN; SODIUM-NITRITE; MICROBIOLOGY; FLORA; MEAT AB The presence of native microflora is associated with increased variation of Salmonella growth among batches and portions of chicken meat and as a function of temperature. However, variation of Salmonella growth can be modeled using a 95% prediction interval (PI). Because there are no reports of predictive models for growth of Salmonella on ready-to-eat poultry meat products with native microflora and because Salmonella is usually present at low levels on poultry meat, the current study was conducted to develop and validate a stochastic model for predicting the growth of Salmonella from a low initial density on chicken frankfurters with native microflora. One-gram portions of chicken frankfurters were inoculated with 0.5 log CFU of a single strain (ATCC 700408) of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104. Changes in pathogen numbers over time, N(t), were fit to a two-phase linear primary model to determine lag time (lambda), growth rate (mu), and the 95% PI, which characterized the variation of pathogen growth. Secondary quadratic polynomial models for natural log transformations of X, mu, and PI as a function of temperature (10 to 40 degrees C) were obtained by nonlinear regression. The primary and secondary models were combined in a computer spreadsheet to create a tertiary model that predicted the growth curve and PI. The pathogen did not grow on chicken frankfurters incubated at 10 to 12 degrees C, but R ranged from 0.003 log CFU/g/h at 14 degrees C to 0.176 log CFU/g/h at 30 degrees C to 0.1 log CFU/g/h at 40 degrees C. Variation of N(t) increased as a function of time (i.e., PI was lower during lag phase than during growth phase) and temperature (i.e., PI was higher at 18 to 40 degrees C than at 10 to 14 degrees C). For dependent data (n = 338), 90.5% of observed N(t) values were in the PI predicted by the tertiary model, whereas for independent data (n = 86), 89.5% of observed N(t) values were in the PI predicted by the tertiary model. Based on this performance evaluation, the tertiary model was considered acceptable and valid for stochastic predictions of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 growth from a low initial density on chicken frankfurters with native microflora. C1 [Oscar, T. P.] ARS, USDA, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. [Oscar, T. P.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, ARS Ctr Excellence Poultry Food Safety Res 1890, Ctr Food Sci & Technol, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. RP Oscar, TP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Room 2111, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. EM thomas.oscar@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 6 BP 1135 EP 1144 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 309XW UT WOS:000256494500005 PM 18592738 ER PT J AU Ravishankar, S Zhu, LB Law, B Joens, L Friedman, M AF Ravishankar, Sadhana Zhu, Libin Law, Bibiana Joens, Lynn Friedman, Mendel TI Plant-derived compounds inactivate anti biotic-resistant Campylobacter jejuni strains SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; CHICKENS; ANTIBACTERIAL; PREVALENCE; KOREA; WATER; BEEF AB Sixty-three Campylobacter jejuni isolates were screened for their resistance to the antibiotics ampicillin, cefaclor, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Based on this screen, the resistant strains D28a and H2a and the nonresistant strain A24a were selected for evaluation of their resistance and susceptibility to inactivation by cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol, the main constituents of plant-derived cinnamon and oregano oils, respectively. Different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2% [vol/vol] in sterile phosphate-buffered saline) of cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol were added to C. jejuni cultures with initial populations of 10(4) CFU/ml. The samples were then mixed thoroughly and incubated at 37 degrees C. Viable bacterial populations were enumerated at incubation periods of 0, 30, 60, and 120 min. The results indicate that the extent of inhibition of microbial survival was related to both the nature and concentration of antimicrobials and the incubation time. Both cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol exhibited rapid antimicrobial activity against both antibiotic-resistant and nonresistant C. jejuni strains, at concentrations of similar to 0.1% and higher. The antimicrobial efficacy of cinnamaldehyde was greater than that of carvacrol. The possible significance of the results for microbiological food safety is discussed. C1 [Ravishankar, Sadhana; Zhu, Libin; Law, Bibiana; Joens, Lynn] Univ Arizona, Dept Vet Sci & Microbiol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Friedman, Mendel] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Ravishankar, S (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Vet Sci & Microbiol, 1117 E Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sadhravi@email.arizona.edu OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 18 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 6 BP 1145 EP 1149 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 309XW UT WOS:000256494500006 PM 18592739 ER PT J AU Wesley, IV Bhaduri, S Bush, E AF Wesley, Irene V. Bhaduri, Saumya Bush, Eric TI Prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica in market weight hogs in the United States SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID AIL GENE; INFECTIONS; PIGS; SLAUGHTER; CHILDREN; SWINE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; OUTBREAK; STRAINS; INFANTS AB Pigs are the major animal reservoir for Yersinia enterocolitica strains, which are potentially pathogenic for humans. The goals of this study were (i) to estimate the individual animal and on-farm prevalences of Y. enterocolitica in hogs based on tonsil samples collected during National Animal Health Monitoring System Swine 2002 study and (ii) to use these data with data previously published for fecal samples to determine on-farm risk factors for Y. enterocolitica. Tonsil swabs (1,218) and fecal samples (2,847) were collected on 124 farms located in the top 17 pork-producing states. Ten percent of tonsils (122 of 1,218 samples) were positive in irgasan-tiracillin-chlorate (ITC) enrichment broth by real-time PCR, but only 5.6% of samples (68 of 1,218) were positive after subculture on the more selective cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin (CIN) agar. For tonsils, the on-farm prevalence based on real-time PCR detection of the ail gene in ITC enrichment broth cultures was 32% (32 of 100 premises sampled); the prevalence based on subculture in CIN agar was 19.6% (20 of 102 premises). Results of bacteriological isolation and real-time PCR analysis of tonsils and feces were combined to estimate prevalence (individual animal and farm), which was subsequently correlated with 40 farm management practices. Four factors and their accompanying odds ratios (ORs) were identified in the final regression model: location in a central state (OR = 0.3), vaccination for Escherichia coli (OR = 3.0), percentage of deaths due to scours (OR = 3.5), and presence of meat or bone meal in grower-finisher diet (OR = 4.1). C1 [Wesley, Irene V.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Bhaduri, Saumya] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Bush, Eric] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Wesley, IV (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 2300 Dayton Rd, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM irene.wesley@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 6 BP 1162 EP 1168 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 309XW UT WOS:000256494500008 PM 18592741 ER PT J AU Thomas, C King, DJ Swayne, DE AF Thomas, Colleen King, Daniel J. Swayne, David E. TI Thermal inactivation of avian influenza and Newcastle disease viruses in chicken meat SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PATHOGENICITY; H5N1; STRAIN; OUTBREAK; HEAT AB Avian influenza viruses (AIV) and Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) of high pathogenicity cause severe systemic disease with high mortality in chickens and can be isolated from the meat of infected chickens. Although AIV and NDV strains of low pathogenicity are typically not present in chicken meat, virus particles in respiratory secretions or feces are possible sources of carcass contamination. Because spread of AIV and NDV is associated with movement of infected birds or their products, the presence of these viruses in chicken meat is cause for concern. This study presents thermal inactivation data for two viruses of high pathogenicity in chickens (AIV strain A/chicken/Pennsylvania/1370/1983 and NDV strain APMV-1/chicken/California/S0212676/2002) and two viruses of low pathogenicity in chickens (AIV strain A/chicken/Texas/298313/2004 and NDV strain APMV-1/chicken/Northern Ireland/Ulster/1967). Under the conditions of the assay, high-pathogenicity AIV was inactivated more slowly in meat from naturally infected chickens than in artificially infected chicken meat with a similar virus titer. In contrast, high-pathogenicity NDV was inactivated similarly in naturally and artificially infected meat. Linear regression models predicted that the current U.S. Department of Agriculture-Food Safety and Inspection Service time-temperature guidelines for cooking chicken meat to achieve a 7-log reduction of Salmonella also would effectively inactivate the AIV and NDV strains tested. Experimentally, the AIV and NDV strains used in this study (and the previously studied H5N1 high-pathogenicity AIV strain A/chicken/Korea/ES/2003) were effectively inactivated in chicken meat held at 70 or 73.9 degrees C for less than 1 s. C1 [Thomas, Colleen; King, Daniel J.; Swayne, David E.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM david.swayne@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 10 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 6 BP 1214 EP 1222 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 309XW UT WOS:000256494500015 PM 18592748 ER PT J AU Musgrove, MT Jones, DR Hinton, A Ingram, KD Northcutt, JK AF Musgrove, M. T. Jones, D. R. Hinton, A., Jr. Ingram, K. D. Northcutt, J. K. TI Identification of yeasts isolated from commercial shell eggs stored at refrigerated temperatures SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ASCOMYCETOUS YEASTS AB Yeasts and molds can grow on or in eggs, causing spoilage. Washed and unwashed eggs (treatments) were collected aseptically on three separate days (replications) from a commercial processing facility and stored for 10 weeks at 4 degrees C. Ten eggs from each treatment were sampled weekly (110 eggs per treatment per replication). Yeasts and molds were enumerated from external shell rinses by plating onto acidified potato dextrose agar. Yeast colonies were picked randomly and stored for subsequent identification by gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acid methyl esters using the MIDI Microbial Identification System. Of 688 isolates analyzed, 380 were identified to genus or species. Genera identified by this method included Candida, Cryptococcus, Hansenula, Hyphopichia, Metschnikowia, Rhodotorula, Sporobolomyces, and Torulaspora. Candida spp. accounted for 84.5% (321 of 380) of the isolate identifications. Candida famata was the most prevalent species (n = 120), followed by Candida lusitaniae (n = 38). A group of 20 isolates was subjected to molecular or biochemical analyses for comparison with the MIDI results. Biochemical tests were performed using automatic and mini systems. Results of biochemical tests and ribosomal DNA sequencing were in agreement for 11 of the isolates, but only 7 of the 20 MIDI-identified isolates were in agreement with the sequencing results. C. famata, an anamorph of Debaryomyces hansenii var. hansenii, was the most commonly identified isolate by all methods. These data indicate that there was limited correlation between results obtained with the MIDI system and the information obtained from molecular databases. However, both systems were able to correctly identify C famata, the species most often isolated throughout egg storage. C1 [Musgrove, M. T.; Jones, D. R.] ARS, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hinton, A., Jr.; Ingram, K. D.; Northcutt, J. K.] ARS, Poultry Proc & Swine Physiol Res Unit, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Musgrove, MT (reprint author), ARS, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mmusgrov@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 6 BP 1258 EP 1261 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 309XW UT WOS:000256494500023 PM 18592756 ER PT J CA Natl Advisory Comm Microbiological TI Response to the questions posed by the food and drug administration and the national marine fisheries service regarding determination of cooking parameters for safe seafood for consumers SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; THERMAL-DEATH TIMES; MUSSELS PERNA-CANALICULUS; HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; UNITED-STATES; AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA; FELINE CALICIVIRUS; HEAT INACTIVATION C1 [Natl Advisory Comm Microbiological] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM evelyne.mbandi@fsis.usda.gov NR 98 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 6 BP 1287 EP 1308 PG 22 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 309XW UT WOS:000256494500029 ER PT J AU Chung, SY Yang, W Krishnamurthy, K AF Chung, S. -Y. Yang, W. Krishnamurthy, K. TI Effects of pulsed UV-light on peanut allergens in extracts and liquid peanut butter SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE IgE antibodies; peanut allergens; peanut butter; pulsed UV light ID INACTIVATION; FOOD; PROTEINS; ACID AB Pulsed ultraviolet (PUV) light, a nonthermal technology, was used to treat both the peanut extracts and liquid peanut butter. The objective was to determine if such treatment would lead to a reduction in the allergenic properties of the peanut extract and butter. Peanut samples were PUV treated using a Xenon RS-3000C under the following conditions: 3 pulses/s, 14.6 cm from the central axis of the lamp, 4 min (extract) or 3 min (liquid peanut butter). After the treatment, the peanut samples were centrifuged and the supernatants analyzed by SDS-PAGE and competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ciELISA). For comparison, boiling treatments were also performed. SDS-PAGE showed that while boiling treatment had little effect on the peanut allergens, PUV-light-treated samples displayed a reduced solubility or level of peanut allergens (63 kDa). Solubility of another allergen (18 to 20 kDa) was unaffected. Insoluble aggregates formed were responsible for the reduced level of allergens in PUV-light-treated samples. ciELISA showed that untreated samples exhibited an IgE binding 7-fold higher than the PUV-treated samples. It was concluded that PUV light was effective in reducing IgE binding of peanut extracts and liquid peanut butter. The current study provides an approach to the development of a possibly less allergenic peanut product. However, the reduction in actual allergenicity needs to be confirmed by clinical studies. C1 [Chung, S. -Y.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Yang, W.; Krishnamurthy, K.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Food & Anim Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. RP Chung, SY (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM siyin.chung@ars.usda.gov RI Krishnamurthy, Kathiravan/D-4681-2009 NR 22 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 73 IS 5 BP C400 EP C404 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00784.x PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 316SY UT WOS:000256971200016 PM 18576985 ER PT J AU Huang, L AF Huang, L. TI Growth kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes in broth and beef frankfurters - Determination of lag phase duration and exponential growth rate under isothermal conditions SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE growth kinetics; modeling; predictive microbiology ID BACTERIAL-GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; FOOD AB The objective of this study was to develop a new kinetic model to describe the Isothermal growth microorganisms. The new model was tested with Listeria monocytogenes in tryptic soy broth and frankfurtes, compared with 2 commonly used models--Baranyi and modified Gomportz models. Bias factor (UP), accuracy (AF), and root mean square errors (RMSE) were used to evaluate the 3 models. Either In broth or In frankfurter samples, there were no significant differences in BF (approximately 1.0) and AF(1.02 to 1.04) among the 3 models broth, the mean RMSE of the new model was very close to that of the Bamnyl model, but significantly lower the of the modified Gompertz mod.-A. However, in frankfurters, there were to significant differences in the mean values among the 3 models. These results suggest that these models are equally capable of describing isothermal bacterial growth curves. Almost identical to the Baranyi model in the exponential and stationary phases, the model has a more identifiable lag phase and also suggests that the bacteria population would increase exponentially until the population approaches to within 1 to 2 logs from the stationary phase. In general, there Is no sign difference In the means 911 the lag phase duration and specific growth rate between the new and Barany! a but both are significantly lower than those determined from the modified Gompertz models. The model devil in this study Is directly derived from the isothermal growth characterifitics and is more accurate in describing kinetics of bacterial growth in foods. C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Huang, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM lihan.huang@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 73 IS 5 BP E235 EP E242 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00785.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 316SY UT WOS:000256971200027 PM 18576996 ER PT J AU Min, B Green, BW AF Min, B. Green, B. W. TI Use of microbial transglutaminase and nonmeat proteins to improve functional properties of low NaCl, phosphate-free patties made from channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) belly flap meat SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE channel catfish belly flap meat; cooking yield; isolated soy protein; microbial transglutaminase; texture profile analysis ID RESTRUCTURED FISH PRODUCTS; SOY PROTEIN; QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS; TEXTURE PROFILE; CROSS-LINKING; SALT; FRANKFURTERS; CHICKEN; BINDING; SODIUM AB This study was aimed at developing value-added low sodium chloride (NaCl), phosphate-free restructured patties using minced channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) belly flap meat. The effect of microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) and nonmeat proteins (isolated soy protein, ISP, and whey protein concentrate, WPC; 1.7%, respectively) alone and in combination were evaluated to improve cooking yield and textural properties in patties with reduced NaCl and no phosphate. The concentration effect of MTGase (0.05% to 0.7%) was also studied. The addition of MTGase increased textural properties such as binding strength, hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and springiness, but decreased cooking yield of the patties (P < 0.05). Isolated soy protein Increased cooking yield (P < 0.05), but did not affect textural properties. Inclusion of WPC did not increase cooking yield or impact textural properties of patties. The combination of MTGase and ISP significantly increased both the cooking yield and textural properties of patties. As the concentration of MTGase increased at constant ISP, the textural properties of cooked patties significantly increased, but cooking yield decreased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we suggest that the combination of 0.05% to 0.1% of MTGase with 1.7% ISP is optimal for development of a low NaCl, phosphate-free patty using minced catfish belly flap meat. C1 [Min, B.] USDA ARS, Rice Res Unit, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. [Green, B. W.] USDA ARS, Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Min, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rice Res Unit, 1509 Aggie Dr, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. EM bart.green@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 73 IS 5 BP E218 EP E226 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00758.x PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 316SY UT WOS:000256971200025 PM 18576994 ER PT J AU Sheen, S Bao, G Cooke, P AF Sheen, S. Bao, G. Cooke, P. TI Food surface texture measurement using reflective confocal laser scanning microscopy SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE confocal laser scanning microscopy; food surface texture; roughness ID ROUGHNESS; TOPOGRAPHY; SCALE AB Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used in tie reflection mode to characterize the surface texture (roughness) of sliced food surfacer,. Sandpapers with grit si, e between 150 and 600 were used as height references to standardize the CESM hardware settings. Sandpaper particle sizes were verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mean amplitude (in micrometers) of surface veriation along line segments of the scanned sandpaper topographical image sets showed very close agreement between the measured result and the grit particle size (based on the U.S. Coated abrasive Manufactures Inst. {CAMI], standard). The verified instrument settings were then used to measure the surface texture of mechanically sliced food surfaces, Including cooked ham, salami and cheese. Sliced food surface texture parameters of Ra (average height of a fine segment), Rs (surface area ratio), Pa (average height on a region of interest), and Pc: (root-mean-square height on a region of interest) were evaluated by this method. Values of the surface roughness of sliced ham, salami, and cheese were found to be comparable to the range of dimensions of selected sandpapers. The CLSM method may h,! useful for other surface texture measurements, and to investigate the impact of food surface texture on microbial adhesion or attachment, which migh play a significant role in microbial transfer Orem one surface to another. C1 [Sheen, S.; Bao, G.; Cooke, P.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Sheen, S (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM shiowshuh.sheen@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 73 IS 5 BP E227 EP E234 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00787.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 316SY UT WOS:000256971200026 PM 18576995 ER PT J AU Bethke, PC Jansky, SH AF Bethke, P. C. Jansky, S. H. TI The effects of boiling and leaching on the content of potassium and other minerals in potatoes SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE boiling; leaching; minerals; potassium; potato ID HUMAN-NUTRITION; GERMPLASM; FAILURE; CALCIUM; STROKE AB The white potato (Solanum tuberosum L) is a valuable source of potassium in the human diet. While most consumers benefit from high levels of potassium in potato tubers, individuals with compromised kidney function must minimize their potassium intake. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of leaching and boiling on levels of potassium and other minerals in potato tubers. Leaching alone did not significantly reduce levels of potassium or other minerals in tubers. Boiling tuber cubes and shredded tubers decreased potassium levels by 50% and 75%, respectively. Reductions in mineral amounts following boiling were observed for phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, zinc, manganese, and iron. There was no difference between the leaching and boiling treatment and the boiling treatment. In addition, mineral levels in tubers of 6 North American potato cultivars are reported. Significant differences in mineral levels were detected among cultivars, but they were too small to be nutritionally important. Individuals wishing to maximize the mineral nutrition benefits of consuming potatoes should boil them whole or bake, roast, or microwave them. Those who must reduce potassium uptake should boil small pieces before consuming them. C1 [Bethke, P. C.; Jansky, S. H.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bethke, P. C.; Jansky, S. H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Jansky, SH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shelley.jansky@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 18 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 73 IS 5 BP H80 EP H85 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00782.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 316SY UT WOS:000256971200044 PM 18576999 ER PT J AU Brownmiller, C Howard, LR Prior, RL AF Brownmiller, C. Howard, L. R. Prior, R. L. TI Processing and storage effects on monomeric anthocyanins, percent polymeric color, and antioxidant capacity of processed blueberry products SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE anthocyanins; blueberries; ORAC(FL); processing; storage ID LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY; VACCINIUM-CORYMBOSUM L; HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRIES; POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; PHENOLICS; FRUIT; JUICE; IDENTIFICATION; STRAWBERRIES; MECHANISMS AB This study evaluated the effects of processing and 6 mo of storage on total monomeric anthocyanins, percent polymeric color, and antioxidant capacity of blueberries that were canned in syrup (CS), canned In water (CW), pureed, and juiced (clarified and nonclarified). Total monomeric anthocyanins, percent polymeric color, and oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC) assay using fluorescein (ORAC(FL)) were determined postprocessing after 1 d, and 1, 3, and 6 mo, of storage. Thermal processing resulted in marked losses in total anthocyanins (28% to 59%) and ORAC(FL) values (43% to 71%) in all products, with the greatest losses occurring in clarified juices and the least In nonclarified juices. Storage at 25 degrees C for 6 mo resulted in dramatic losses in total anthocyanins, ranging from 62% in berries CW to 85% in clarified juices. This coincided with marked increases in percent polymeric color values of these products over the 6-mo storage. The ORAC(FL) values showed little change during storage, indicating that the formation of polymers compensated for the loss of antioxidant capacity due to anthocyanin degradation. Methods are needed to retain anthocyanins in thermally processed blueberries. C1 [Brownmiller, C.; Howard, L. R.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. [Prior, R. L.] ARS, USDA, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. [Prior, R. L.] Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. RP Howard, LR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, 2650 N Young Ave, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. EM lukeh@uark.edu NR 37 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 10 U2 40 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 73 IS 5 BP H72 EP H79 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00761.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 316SY UT WOS:000256971200043 PM 18576998 ER PT J AU Niemira, BA AF Niemira, B. A. TI Irradiation compared with chlorination for elimination of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 internalized in lettuce leaves: Influence of lettuce variety SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE foodborne; iceberg; internalization; ionizing radiation; nonthermal ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; IRRIGATION WATER; TRANSMISSION; TYPHIMURIUM; RADIATION; EFFICACY; PRODUCE; SYSTEM; PLANTS AB Pathogenic bacteria internalized in leaf tissues are not effectively removed by surface treatments. Irradiation has been shown to inactivate leaf-internalized bacteria, but many aspects of targeting these protected pathogens remain unknown. Bacterial cells of a cocktail mixture of 3 isolates of Escherichia coli O157:H7 were drawn into the leaves of iceberg, Boston, green leaf, and red leaf lettuce using vacuum perfusion. The inoculated leaves were treated with a 3-min wash with sodium hypochlorite solution (0, 300, or 600 ppm) or various doses of ionizing radiation (0.25 to 1.5 kGy). Leaves were stomached to recover the internalized cells and survivors enumerated. Washes with 0 ppm (water), 300 ppm, and 600 ppm chlorine solutions each gave reductions of less than I log. These reductions were statistically significant only in the case of green leaf lettuce. In contrast, irradiation effectively reduced E. coli 0 157:H7 on all varieties examined, with all doses tested being significantly reduced from the untreated control. The specific variety influenced the efficacy of irradiation. The greatest reduction obtained was 5 logs on iceberg lettuce treated with 1.5 kGy. The D, 0 values (the dose necessary to achieve a I log reduction) were significantly (P < 0.05) different among the varieties of lettuce tested, and ranged from 0.30 kGy (iceberg) to 0.45 kGy (Boston). These values were observed to be notably higher than previous irradiation D(10) values for E. coli O157:H7 surface inoculated onto these 4 lettuce varieties. This study has shown that irradiation is able to effectively reduce viable E. coli O15707 cells internalized in lettuce, and that the variety of lettuce influences the specific response. C1 ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Niemira, BA (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM brendan.niemira@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 73 IS 5 BP M208 EP M213 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00746.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 316SY UT WOS:000256971200029 PM 18577002 ER PT J AU Steed, LE Truong, VD AF Steed, L. E. Truong, V. -D. TI Anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity, and selected physical properties of flowable purple-fleshed sweetpotato purees SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE anthocyanins; antioxidant capacity; purees; purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes; rheological modeling; total phenolics ID IPOMOEA-BATATAS L.; UNITED-STATES; COMMON FOODS; STORAGE ROOT; CULTIVARS; CAPACITY; PHENOLICS; PRODUCTS AB With high levels of polyphenolic compounds, purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes (PFSP) have been utilized as a healthy food commodity and source of natural food colorants, in Asia. In the U.S. sweetpotato industry, there are growing Interests in exploring these market opportunities for PFSP A locally grown PFSP cultivar was analyzed for antioxidant properties. The total phenolic content ranged from 313.6 to 1483.7 mg chlorogenic acid equivalent/100g fresh weight (fw), and anthocyamin contents were between 51.5 and 174.7 mg anthocyanins/100 g fw. The DPPH radical scavenging activities and were 47.0 to 87.4 mu mol trolox equivelent (TE)/g fw, and the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values were between 26.4 and 78.2 mu mol TE/g fw. Unlike orange-fleshed sweetpotatoes (OF steamed roots of PFSP formed a thick paste, which required a process modification to produce flowable puress. Rheological testing Indicated that adjusting the dry matter of PFSP to 18%-21% produced purees with Bowl ties similar to the OFSP purees. The PFSP purees had polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity within reported for various purple-colored fruits and vegetables. C1 [Truong, V. -D.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, S Atlantic Area,Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Steed, L. E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Truong, VD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, S Atlantic Area,Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Den.Truong@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 17 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUN-JUL PY 2008 VL 73 IS 5 BP S215 EP S221 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00774.x PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 316SY UT WOS:000256971200038 PM 18577013 ER PT J AU Xi, WM Coulson, RN Waldron, JD Tchakerian, MD Lafon, CW Cairns, DM Birt, AG Klepzig, KD AF Xi, Weimin Coulson, Robert N. Waldron, John D. Tchakerian, Maria D. Lafon, Charles W. Cairns, David M. Birt, Andrew G. Klepzig, Kier D. TI Landscape modeling for forest restoration planning and assessment: Lessons from the southern Appalachian Mountains SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE landscape modeling; forest restoration; southern pine beetle; LANDIS model; desired future forest conditions; southern Appalachian Mountains ID LONG-TERM DYNAMICS; PINE-BEETLE; SPATIAL SIMULATION; UNITED-STATES; LANDIS; FIRE; HABITAT; DISTURBANCE; HERBIVORY; IMPACTS AB Restoration planning, evaluation, and implementation are important in areas where abiotic disturbances (e.g., wildfires, hurricanes, and ice storms), biotic disturbances (e.g., outbreaks of native and exotic invasive pests and diseases), and anthropogenic disturbances (e.g., harvesting, planting, and fire exclusion) have altered forest landscapes. However, the effects of restoration practices are difficult to measure, and restoration goals often are unclear. Landscape modeling provides a tool for evaluating outcomes of various management scenarios and restoration strategies. In this article, we provide a framework for using landscape models for forest restoration. Specifically, we present a case study using LANDIS, a landscape simulation model of forest disturbance and succession, to explore the effects of restoration strategies for forests damaged by southern pine beetle in the southern Appalachians. Our research suggests that landscape models are valuable tools in the forest restoration decisionmaking process. Future work on landscape models for forest restoration and other related issues is discussed. C1 [Xi, Weimin] Texas A&M Univ, Knowledge Engn Lab, Dept Entomol, Heep Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Waldron, John D.] Univ W Florida, Dept Environm Studies, Ft Walton Beach, FL 32547 USA. [Cairns, David M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Klepzig, Kier D.] US Forest Serv, Unit Insects, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Xi, WM (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Knowledge Engn Lab, Dept Entomol, Heep Ctr, TAMU 2475, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM xi@tamu.edu; r-coulson@tamu.edu; jivaldron@uwf.edu; mtchakerian@tamu.edu; clafon@tamu.edu; cairns@tamu.edu; abirt@tamu.edu; kklepzig@fs.fed.us RI Lundquist, John/B-6433-2012; Cairns, David/F-3395-2014 OI Cairns, David/0000-0003-4110-196X NR 41 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 106 IS 4 BP 191 EP 197 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 336DG UT WOS:000258343900006 ER PT J AU Bosworth, D Birdsey, R Joyce, L Millar, C AF Bosworth, Dale Birdsey, Richard Joyce, Linda Millar, Constance TI Climate change and the nation's forests: Challenges and opportunites SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CHANGE IMPACTS; DROUGHT; AGE AB Adaptive management is to reduce the vulnerability of ecosystems to climate change and to increase their resilience to climate-induced changes in ecological conditions. The forestry activities modify greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon sequestration. The forest managers and policymakers work to minimize the adverse impacts of climate varaibility and changes. C1 [Bosworth, Dale] US Forest Serv, Missoula, MT USA. [Birdsey, Richard] US Forest Serv, No Global Change Res Program, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Joyce, Linda] US Forest Serv, Social Econ & Decis Sci Program, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Millar, Constance] US Forest Serv, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Pacific SW Res Stn, Albany, CA USA. RP Bosworth, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Missoula, MT USA. EM cmillar@fs.fed.us NR 37 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 106 IS 4 BP 214 EP 221 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 336DG UT WOS:000258343900009 ER PT J AU Wang, LH Salem, TZ Lynn, DE Cheng, XW AF Wang, Lihua Salem, Tamer Z. Lynn, Dwight E. Cheng, Xiao-Wen TI Slow cell infection, inefficient primary infection and inability to replicate in the fat body determine the host range of Thysanoplusia orichalcea nucleopolyhedrovirus SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; AUTOGRAPHA-CALIFORNICA; DNA HELICASE; SPODOPTERA-EXIGUA; L. LEPIDOPTERA; GENE; LINE; IDENTIFICATION; NOCTUIDAE; P143 AB Thysanoplusia orichacea multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (ThorMNPV) carrying an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene expression cassette (vThGFP) was used to study host-range mechanisms. Infection kinetics showed that vThGFP replication in Sf21 cells was too slow to suppress cell growth. Wide-host-range Autographa californica MNPV (AcMNPV) could speed up vThGFP infection and enhance the vThGFP infection rate in Sf21 cells. The enhancement was not due to recombination, as no recombinant virus was isolated from co-infection by plaque assay. No improvement of vThGFP infection in Sf21 was found by AcMNPV cosmid transactivation assay. However, culture medium from Sf21 cells infected with AcMNPV did enhance vThGFP replication in Sf21. Third-instar larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda, S. exigua and Helicoverpa zea were not killed by feeding with vThGFP polyhedra but were killed by intrahaemocoelic injection using budded viruses (BVs). This suggested that insufficient BVs were generated during the primary infection in the midgut. vThGFP infected haemocytes, tracheae and Malpighian tubules but not fat bodies of larvae of S. frugiperda, S. exigua and H. zea. Third-instar S. frugiperda larvae co-infected by injection with vThGFP and vAcDsRed2, an AcMNPV expressing a red fluorescent protein gene, showed EGFP expression in the fat body. This result suggests that vAcDsRed2 could help vThGFP to replicate in the fat body or trans-activate EGFP expression in the fat body. All these results suggested that slow cell infection, insufficient primary infection and inability to replicate in the fat body control the host range of ThorMNPV. C1 [Wang, Lihua; Salem, Tamer Z.; Cheng, Xiao-Wen] Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Lynn, Dwight E.] USDA ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cheng, XW (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM Chengx@muohio.edu NR 21 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 89 BP 1402 EP 1410 DI 10.1099/vir.0.2008/000695-0 PN 6 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 312QZ UT WOS:000256687200010 PM 18474556 ER PT J AU Langendoen, EJ Alonso, CV AF Langendoen, Eddy J. Alonso, Carlos V. TI Modeling the evolution of incised streams: I. Model formulation and validation of flow and streambed evolution components SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SHEAR-STRESS; GRAVEL; BED; STABILITY; EROSION; AGGRADATION; DEPOSITION; DISCHARGE AB A robust computational model for simulating the long-term evolution of incised and restored or rehabilitated stream corridors is presented. The physically based model simulates the three main processes that shape incised streams: hydraulics, sediment transport, and streambed and bank adjustments. A generalized implicit Preissmann scheme is used for the spatial and temporal discretization of the flow governing equations to accommodate large time steps and cross sections spaced at irregular intervals. The solution method introduces several enhancements that increase its robustness, specifically to simulate flashy flows. Transport of cohesive or cohesionless graded bed material is based on a total-load concept, and suspended and bed load transport modes are accounted for through nonequilibrium effects. The model simulates channel width adjustment by hydraulic erosion and gravitational mass failure of heterogeneous bank material. The present paper focuses mainly on the treatment of streamflow hydraulics and evolution of graded streambeds, and reports simulations of published experiments on degrading and aggrading channels with graded bed material. Description and validation of the model's streambank erosion component and the application of the model to incised stream systems are presented elsewhere. C1 [Langendoen, Eddy J.; Alonso, Carlos V.] USDA, ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Langendoen, EJ (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM eddy.langendoen@ars.usda.gov OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 NR 68 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 11 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUN PY 2008 VL 134 IS 6 BP 749 EP 762 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2008)134:6(749) PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 302LS UT WOS:000255970400007 ER PT J AU Hou, CT AF Hou, Ching T. TI Production of arachidonic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid from glycerol by oil-producing filamentous fungi, Mortierella in the ARS culture collection SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arachidonic acid; dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid; Mortirella; bioglycerin ID HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; ASPERGILLUS; DESATURASE; ALPINA AB The filamentous fungi of the genus Mortierella are known to produce arachidonic acid from glucose, and the species alpina is currently used in industrial production of arachidonic acid in Japan. In anticipation of a large excess of the co-product glycerol from the national biodiesel program, we are trying to find new uses for bioglycerin. We screened 12 Mortierella species: M. alpina NRRL 6302, M. claussenii NRRL 2760, M. elongata NRRL 5246, M. epigama NRRL 5512, M. humilis NRRL 6369, M. hygrophila NRRL 2591, M. minutissima NRRL 6462, M. multidivaricata NRRL 6456, M. nantahalensis NRRL 5216, M. parvispora NRRL 2941, M. sepedonioides NRRL 6425, and M. zychae NRRL 2592 for their production of arachidonic acid (AA) and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) from glycerol. With glucose as substrate all of the strains tested produced AA and DGLA. The total fatty acid content of 125 mg/g cell dry weight (CDW) and fatty acid composition for AA (19.63%) and DGLA (5.95%) in the mycelia of M. alpina grown on glucose were comparable with those reported by Takeno et al. (Appl Environ Microbiol 71:5124-5128, 2005). With glycerol as substrate all species tested grew on glycerol and produced AA and DGLA except M. nantahalensis NRRL 5216, which could not grow on glycerol. The amount of AA and DGLA produced were comparable with those obtained with glucose-grown mycelia. The top five AA producers (mg AA/CDW) from glycerol were in the following order: M. parvispora > M. claussenii > M. alpina > M. zychae > M. minutissima. The top five dry mycelia weights were: M. zychae > M. epigama > M. hygrophila > M. humilis > M. minutissima. The top five species for total fatty acids production (mg /g CDW) were: M. claussenii > M. parvispora > M. minutissima > M. hygrophila > M. maltidivaricata. We selected two species, M. alpina and M. zychae for further studies with glycerol substrate. Their optimum production conditions were determined. Time course studies showed that the maximum cell growth and AA production for both species were at 6 days of incubation. Therefore, glycerol can be considered for industrial use in the production of AA and DGLA. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hou, CT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Ching.Hou@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 35 IS 6 BP 501 EP 506 DI 10.1007/s10295-008-0308-y PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 300YY UT WOS:000255863000006 PM 18196303 ER PT J AU Villamor, E Mugusi, F Urassa, W Bosch, RJ Saathoff, E Matsumoto, K Meydani, SN Fawzi, WW AF Villamor, Eduardo Mugusi, Ferdinand Urassa, Willy Bosch, Ronald J. Saathoff, Elmar Matsumoto, Kenji Meydani, Simin N. Fawzi, Wafaie W. TI A trial of the effect of micronutrient supplementation on treatment outcome, T cell counts, morbidity, and mortality in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HIV DISEASE PROGRESSION; VITAMIN-A; PREGNANT-WOMEN; TANZANIA; INFECTION; COINFECTION; MWANZA; ZINC AB Background. Tuberculosis (TB) often coincides with nutritional deficiencies. The effects of micronutrient supplementation on TB treatment outcomes, clinical complications, and mortality are uncertain. Methods. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of micronutrients (vitamins A, B complex, C, and E, as well as selenium) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We enrolled 471 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and 416 HIV-negative adults with pulmonary TB at the time of initiating chemotherapy and monitored them for a median of 43 months. Results. Micronutrients decreased the risk of TB recurrence by 45% overall (95% confidence interval [CI], 7% to 67%; P = .02) and by 63% in HIV-infected patients (95% CI, 8% to 85%; P = .02). There were no significant effects on mortality overall; however, we noted a marginally significant 64% reduction of deaths in HIV-negative subjects (95% CI, -14% to 88%; P = .08). Supplementation increased CD3(+) and CD4(+) cell counts and decreased the incidence of extrapulmonary TB and genital ulcers in HIV-negative patients. Micronutrients reduced the incidence of peripheral neuropathy by 57% (95% CI, 41% to 69%; P = .001), irrespective of HIV status. There were no significant effects on weight gain, body composition, anemia, or HIV load. Conclusions. Micronutrient supplementation could improve the outcome in patients undergoing TB chemotherapy in Tanzania. Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00197704. C1 [Villamor, Eduardo; Matsumoto, Kenji; Fawzi, Wafaie W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Villamor, Eduardo; Fawzi, Wafaie W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bosch, Ronald J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Biostat AIDS Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bosch, Ronald J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Dept Pathol,Sackler Grad Sch Biochem Sci, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Mugusi, Ferdinand] Muhimbi Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Internal Med, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Urassa, Willy] Muhimbi Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Saathoff, Elmar] Univ Munich, Dept Trop Med, Munich, Germany. RP Villamor, E (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM evillamo@hsph.harvard.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI045441, U01 AI045441-01, U01AI045441]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK040561, P30 DK040561-13] NR 26 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2008 VL 197 IS 11 BP 1499 EP U15 DI 10.1086/587846 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 299IE UT WOS:000255748500004 PM 18471061 ER PT J AU Hajek, AE Lund, J Smith, MT AF Hajek, Ann E. Lund, Jennifer Smith, Michael T. TI Reduction in fitness of female Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis) infected with Metarhizium anisopliae SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Asian ion-horned beetle; Anoplophora glabripennis; Metarhizium anisopliae; reproduction; effect of infection on; entomopathogenic fungi; biological control; horizontal transmission; invasive species ID ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; ARTIFICIAL DIET; UNITED-STATES; FIBER BANDS; CERAMBYCIDAE; COLEOPTERA; FECUNDITY; BRONGNIARTII; SURVIVAL AB Bioassays were conducted to document the effects of Metarhizium anisopliae infection on adult female Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis) reproduction before death and subsequent survival of offspring. The effect of infection on fecundity was evaluated for females already laying eggs and for newly eclosed females using M. anisopliae isolates ARSEF 7234 and 7711, respectively. Decreased longevity and oviposition compared with controls were observed in females that were already laying eggs when exposed to M. anisopliae ARSEF 7234. Newly eclosed females exposed to M. anisopliae ARSEF 7711 displayed shortened longevity (10.0 +/- 0.7 days vs 74.3 +/- 6.8 days for controls) and decreased oviposition (1.3 +/- 0.7 eggs per ARSEF 7711-exposed female vs 97.2 +/- 13.7 eggs per female for controls) compared with controls. Percentages of eggs that did not hatch were greater for both groups of fungal-treated females compared with controls and 60.0% of unhatched eggs contained signs of fungal infection. The percentage of larvae dying within 9 weeks of oviposition was higher for sexually mature females exposed to ARSEF 7234 compared with controls and > 40% of dead larvae displayed signs of fungal infection. Thus, for both stages of females and both fungal isolates, fewer surviving larvae were produced after female fungal infection compared with controls. M. anisopliae infection affects female fitness by decreasing female longevity, by decreasing female oviposition before death and through horizontal transmission of M. anisopliae to offspring. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hajek, Ann E.; Lund, Jennifer] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Smith, Michael T.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Beneficial Insect Introduct Res Lab, Newark, DE 19713 USA. RP Hajek, AE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Comstock Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM aeh4@cornell.edu NR 34 TC 16 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 2 BP 198 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2007.12.003 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 309MA UT WOS:000256463300010 PM 18280493 ER PT J AU Tamez-Guerra, P Valadez-Lira, JA Alcocer-Gonzalez, JM Oppert, B Gomez-Flores, R Tamez-Guerra, R Rodriguez-Padilla, C AF Tamez-Guerra, P. Valadez-Lira, J. A. Alcocer-Gonzalez, J. M. Oppert, B. Gomez-Flores, R. Tamez-Guerra, R. Rodriguez-Padilla, C. TI Detection of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides in Mexican strains of Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) exposed to Bacillus thuringiensis SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Trichoplusia ni immune response; Bacillus thuringiensis; antimicrobial peptides; Bt-susceptibility ID PEPTIDOGLYCAN RECOGNITION PROTEIN; INDUCIBLE IMMUNE GENE; BOMBYX-MORI; ANTIBACTERIAL PROTEIN; INSECT IMMUNITY; INNATE IMMUNITY; CDNA CLONING; EXPRESSION; SILKWORM; RESISTANCE AB The systemic immune response of Trichoplusia ni after Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) exposure was evaluated by comparing the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in Bt-susceptible and -resistant T ni strains that were either exposed or not to XenTari (R) (Bt-XT). AMP genes were detected by RT-PCR using primers for attacin, gloverin, lebocin, lysozyme, and peptidoglycan recognition peptide (PGRP). In general, AMP genes were detected more frequently in Mexican field strains previously exposed to Bt (SALX and GTOX) than in a Mexican laboratory strain (NL), but expression was similar to the AMP expression in USA laboratory strains (US and USX). Among the AMPs, transcripts for lebocin were the least detected (11.7%) and those for lysozyme were the most detected (84.8%) in all samples. Lebocin was detected only in 2nd instar and pupa. All untreated controls expressed attacin. Attacin and gloverin were not detected in any midgut sample, and their highest detection was in pupa. Lysozyme was rarely detected in 2nd instar larvae from any strain or treatment but was detected in almost all midgut and hemolymph samples. Overall, AMPs were found more in T ni strains previously exposed to Bt-XT, especially lebocin and globerin (1.8-fold increase) and PGRP (3.8-fold increase). The data suggest that the expression of AMPs in T ni correlates to previous Bt exposure. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tamez-Guerra, P.; Valadez-Lira, J. A.; Alcocer-Gonzalez, J. M.; Gomez-Flores, R.; Tamez-Guerra, R.; Rodriguez-Padilla, C.] Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Ciencias Biol, Dept Microbiol & Inmunol, San Nicolas De Los Garza 66450, NL, Mexico. [Oppert, B.] ARS, USDA, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Tamez-Guerra, P (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Ciencias Biol, Dept Microbiol & Inmunol, AP 46-F, San Nicolas De Los Garza 66450, NL, Mexico. EM patamez@hotmail.com NR 35 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 2 BP 218 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.02.008 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 309MA UT WOS:000256463300013 PM 18359041 ER PT J AU Hashimoto, Y Valles, SM AF Hashimoto, Yoshifumi Valles, Steven M. TI Detection and quantitation of Solenopsis invicta virus-2 genomic and intermediary replicating viral RNA in fire ant workers and larvae SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE quantitative PCR; fire ant; Solenopsis invicta virus-2; positive-strand RNA virus ID PICORNA-LIKE VIRUS; REAL-TIME PCR; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; ASSAY AB Quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) was used to quantify the genome of Solenopsis invicta virus-2 (SINV-2) from infected individual ants of S. invicta. Strand-specific cDNA synthesis oligonucleotide primers and RNase digestion after cDNA synthesis allowed quantification of plus (genomic) and minus (replicative) strands of the SINV-2 genome. Both strands were detected in adult workers and larval fire ants indicating that the virus was replicating within the ant. The differences between the genomic to replicative strand ranged from 199-fold in larvae to 479-fold in workers with an average ratio of 339:1. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hashimoto, Yoshifumi; Valles, Steven M.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Valles, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Steven.Valles@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 2 BP 243 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.02.002 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 309MA UT WOS:000256463300017 PM 18343402 ER PT J AU Carlson, DA Gese, EM AF Carlson, Debra A. Gese, Eric M. TI Reproductive biology of the coyote (Canis latrans): Integration of mating behavior, reproductive hormones, and vaginal cytology SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE Canis latrans; coyote; mating behavior; ovarian cycle; pseudopregnancy; reproductive hormones; vaginal cytology; wild canid ID SOUTHEASTERN COLORADO; ESTROUS-CYCLE; POPULATION; ECOLOGY AB The reproductive biology of wild Canis species is often described as unique among mammals because an unusual combination of behavioral and physiological characteristics including a seasonally monestrous cycle, copulatory lock or tie, obligatory pseudopregnancy, social monogamy, and biparental care of the young. We investigated social behavior, endocrine profiles, and vaginal cytology of female coyotes (Canis latrans) during 4 breeding seasons, 2000-2003. Blood levels of estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and relaxin were measured, and mating behavior and changes in vaginal epithelium were documented. After aligning the data from each individual to her estimated day of ovulation, we compared pregnant coyotes with nonpregnant females and evaluated temporal relationships among hormone levels, behavior, and vaginal cytology. We found that patterns of proceptive and receptive behaviors correlated with the secretion of steroid hormones, as did vaginal epithelial cytomorphosis. In addition, although progesterone levels of pregnant and pseudopregnant coyotes were indistinguishable, prolactin demonstrated a discernible intergroup difference and relaxin was only detectable in pregnant females. Although this study included characteristics not previously published for this species, it also showed how key aspects of reproduction were correlated temporally, and emphasized the importance of an integrated perspective when addressing the reproductive biology of coyotes, or other wild species of canids. C1 [Carlson, Debra A.; Gese, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv,Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Carlson, DA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv,Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM debra.carlson@usu.edu RI Gese, Eric/B-4578-2011 NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 23 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 89 IS 3 BP 654 EP 664 DI 10.1644/06-MAMM-A-436R1.1 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 310TK UT WOS:000256553100014 ER PT J AU Villarreal, D Clark, KL Branch, LC Hierro, JL Machicote, M AF Villarreal, Diego Clark, Kenneth L. Branch, Lyn C. Hierro, Jose L. Machicote, Marcela TI Alteration of ecosystem structure by a burrowing herbivore, the plains vizcacha (Lagostomus maximus) SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE Argentina; ecosystem engineer; ecosystem structure; herbivory; Lagostomus maximus; nutrient cycling; rodent; semiarid scrub; soils; vizcacha ID LARREA-TRIDENTATA; PHOSPHORUS AVAILABILITY; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; SEMIARID SCRUB; BOREAL FOREST; DESERT SHRUBS; NITROGEN; SOIL; VEGETATION; ARGENTINA AB Although the role of animals in altering ecosystem structure and dynamics has received increased attention in the last decade, large gaps in knowledge still exist, limiting our ability to incorporate animals into models of ecosystem dynamics. Our research on the plains vizcacha (Lagostomus maximus, family Chinchillidae), a colonial burrowing herbivore in grasslands and semiarid scrub of southern South America, addresses 3 of these gaps-belowground impacts of vertebrates on soils, net effects of multiple types of animal activities on ecosystem structure, and the scaling up of plot-level effects to the landscape. Our study demonstrated that grazing by vizcachas produced strong spatial patterns in composition, biomass, and nutrient pools in herbaceous vegetation. In burrows, total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P), and inorganic N were greater than in undisturbed soil at a similar depth. Burrow soil and foliage of shrubs growing on burrows were depleted in (15)N, reflecting the signature of vizcacha feces. Transport of caliche by vizcachas resulted in significantly greater P concentrations in surface soil on burrows. Indirect effects of vizcachas on shrubs, through alteration of soil nutrients, transport of caliche to the soil surface, and possibly altered fire regimes, resulted in greater biomass, foliar N and P content, and total N and P pools in shrubs. Net effects of vizcachas on ecosystem structure, above- and belowground, are spatially extensive, and likely persist much longer than the colonies of vizcachas that generated these effects. This study demonstrates that the largest impacts of herbivores on ecosystem structure can be through their effects on plants they do not consume and, in systems where biopedturbation is frequent, animal transport is among the key processes that determine vertical distribution of nutrients in the soil profile. C1 [Clark, Kenneth L.] US Forest Serv, No Global Change Program, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Villarreal, Diego; Branch, Lyn C.; Hierro, Jose L.; Machicote, Marcela] Univ Nacl La Pampa, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, RA-6300 Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina. [Branch, Lyn C.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Clark, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Global Change Program, USDA, 11 Campus Blvd,Suite 200, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM kennethclark@fs.fed.us NR 59 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 12 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 89 IS 3 BP 700 EP 711 DI 10.1644/07-MAMM-A-025R1.1 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 310TK UT WOS:000256553100019 ER PT J AU Hang, J Sundaram, AK Zhu, PX Shelton, DR Karns, JS Martin, PAW Li, SH Amstutz, P Tang, CM AF Hang, Jun Sundaram, Appavu K. Zhu, Peixuan Shelton, Daniel R. Karns, Jeffrey S. Martin, Phyllis A. W. Li, Shuhong Amstutz, Platte Tang, Cha-Mei TI Development of a rapid and sensitive immunoassay for detection and subsequent recovery of Bacillus anthracis spores in environmental samples SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; anthrax; bioterrorism agent; immunological detection; spore germination; spore viability ID WAVE-GUIDE BIOSENSOR; GERMINATION; IDENTIFICATION; CEREUS; ASSAY; SUBTILIS; AGENTS; WATER AB Bacillus anthracis is considered a major threat as an agent of bioterrorism. B. anthracis spores are readily dispersed as aerosols, are very persistent, and are resistant to normal disinfection treatments. Immunoassays have been developed to rapidly detect B. anthracis spores at high concentrations. However, detection of B. anthracis spores at lower concentrations is problematic due to the fact that closely related Bacillus species (e.g., B. thuringiensis) can cross-react with anti-B. anthracis antibodies, resulting in false positive detections. Subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis is required to differentiate virulent strains. We report here on a protocol for the rapid, sensitive detection of B. anthracis spore using the Integrating Waveguide Biosensor followed by a method for the rapid release and germination of immunocaptured spores. A detection limit of ca. 10(3) spores was achieved by incubating spores simultaneously with capture and detection antibodies ("liquid-phase" assay) prior to capture on capillary tubes/waveguides. Subsequent incubation with BHI broth directly in capillary tubes allowed for rapid germination, outgrowth, and release of spores, resulting in vegetative cells for PCR analysis. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Shelton, Daniel R.; Karns, Jeffrey S.] ARS, USDA, ANRI, EMSL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hang, Jun; Sundaram, Appavu K.; Zhu, Peixuan; Li, Shuhong; Amstutz, Platte; Tang, Cha-Mei] Creatv MicroTech Inc, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. [Martin, Phyllis A. W.] ARS, USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Shelton, DR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ANRI, EMSL, Bldg 173,BARC E,Powder Mill Rd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dan.shelton@ars.usda.gov FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R43 EB001731-02, R43 EB001731-01, R43 EB001731] NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JUN PY 2008 VL 73 IS 3 BP 242 EP 246 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2008.02.018 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 306TR UT WOS:000256271200005 PM 18395279 ER PT J AU Jiang, XB Huang, CH Ruan, FS AF Jiang Xiaobo Huang, Chi-hua Fushui Ruan TI Impacts of land cover changes on runoff and sediment in the Cedar Creek Watershed, St. Joseph River, Indiana, United States SO JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cedar Creek Watershed; Soil and Water Assessment Tool; land cover change; runoff; sediment ID SOIL-EROSION; NUTRIENT LOSS; SWAT; MODEL; AREA; DISCHARGE; CHINA AB The relation between runoff and sediment and land cover is investigated in the Cedar Creek Watershed (CCW), located in Northeastern Indiana, United States. The major land cover types in this watershed are cultivated land, woodland and pasture /Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), which account for approximate 90 % of the total area in the region. Moreover, land use was changed tremendously from 2000 to 2004, even without regarding the effect of the crop rotation system (corn & soybean). At least 49 % of land cover types were changed into other types in this period. The land cover types, ranking by changing area from high to low series, are rye, soybean, corn, woodland and pasture/CRP. The CCW is divided into 21 subwatersheds, and soil and water loss in each sub-watershed is computed by using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The results indicate that the variations in runoff and sediment have positive relation to the area of crops (especially corn and soybean); sediment is more sensitive to land cover changes than runoff; more heavy rainfall does not always mean more runoff because the combination of different land cover types always modify runoff coefficient; and rye, soybean and corn are the key land cover types, which affected the variation in runoff and sediment in the CCW. C1 [Jiang Xiaobo] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Key Lab Mt Hazards & Surface Proc, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Huang, Chi-hua] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Fushui Ruan] Water & Soil Conservat Dept, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, XB (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Key Lab Mt Hazards & Surface Proc, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. EM jxb@imde.ac.cn NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 13 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1672-6316 J9 J MT SCI-ENGL JI J Mt. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 5 IS 2 BP 113 EP 121 DI 10.1007/s11629-008-0105-0 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 313WQ UT WOS:000256771100003 ER PT J AU Rashed, NA MacDonald, MH Matthews, BF AF Rashed, Nahed A. MacDonald, Margaret H. Matthews, Benjamin F. TI Protease Inhibitor Expression in Soybean Roots Exhibiting Susceptible and Resistant Interactions with Soybean Cyst Nematode SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE host-parasitic relationship; molecular biology; protease inhibitors; resistance; RT-PCR; soybean; soybean cyst nematode ID TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; INSECT RESISTANCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; RICE PLANTS; PROTEINASE-INHIBITORS; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; CONFERS RESISTANCE; METHYL JASMONATE; ORYZACYSTATIN-I AB Protease inhibitors play a role in regulating proteases during cellular development and in plant defense. We cloned and sequenced cDNA encoding six protease inhibitors expressed in soybean roots infected with soybean cyst nematode (SCN) and determined their expression patterns. Four of these protease inhibitors are novel and have not been reported previously. Using RT-PCR, we measured the relative transcript levels of each protease inhibitor in roots of the soybean cv. Peking inoculated with either SCN TN8 to examine the expression of protease inhibitors during the susceptible interaction or with SCN NL1-RHg representing the resistant interaction. Within 12 to 24 hours, mRNA transcripts encoding five of the six protease inhibitors were more highly elevated in soybean roots exhibiting the susceptible interaction than the resistant interaction. Transcripts encoding two protease inhibitors possessing Kunitz trypsin inhibitor domains were induced 37- and 27-fold in the susceptible interaction within 1 dpi, but were induced only 5- to 7-fold in roots displaying the resistant interaction. Our results indicate that soybean roots recognize differences between these two SCN populations before the nematodes initiate a feeding site, and accordingly the roots express transcripts encoding soybean protease inhibitors differentially. These transcripts were generally less abundant in roots exhibiting the resistant interaction. C1 [Rashed, Nahed A.; MacDonald, Margaret H.; Matthews, Benjamin F.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rashed, NA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 006, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. FU United Soybean Board [5214] FX The authors thank Veronica Martins for expert technical assistance and acknowledge the continuing support provided by the United Soybean Board under grant 5214 to BFM. The authors are indebted to Drs. Andrea Skantar, Leslie Warmer and Ann Smigocki, United States Department of Agriculture, and Dr. Mark Halsey, United Soybean Board, for careful reading of the manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 2 BP 138 EP 146 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 369JQ UT WOS:000260690900011 PM 19259530 ER PT J AU Park, SK Page, GP Kim, K Allison, DB Meydani, M Weindruch, R Prolla, TA AF Park, Sang-Kyu Page, Grier P. Kim, Kyoungmi Allison, David B. Meydani, Mohsen Weindruch, Richard Prolla, Tomas A. TI alpha- and gamma-tocopherol prevent age-related transcriptional alterations in the heart and brain of mice SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILE; AIN-93 PURIFIED DIETS; VITAMIN-E; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CALORIC RESTRICTION; AGING BRAIN; RAT; APOPTOSIS; CARDIOTROPHIN-1; SUPPLEMENTATION AB We used high-density oligonucleotide arrays to measure transcriptional alterations in the heart and brain (neocortex) of 30-mo-old B6C3F(1) mice supplemented with alpha-tocopherol (alpha T) and gamma-tocopherol (gamma T) since middle age (15 mo). Gene expression profiles were obtained from 5- and 30-mo-old control mice and 30-mo-old mice supplemented with alpha T (1 g/kg) or a mixture of alpha T and gamma T (500 mg/kg of each tocopherol) from middle age (15 mo). In the heart, both tocopherol-supplemented diets were effective in inhibiting the expression of genes previously associated with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased innate immunity. In the brain, induction of genes encoding ribosomal proteins and proteins involved in ATP biosynthesis was observed with aging and was markedly prevented by the mixture of alpha T and gamma T supplementation but not by alpha T alone. These results demonstrate that middle age-onset dietary supplementation with alpha T and gamma T can partially prevent age-associated transcriptional changes and that these effects are tissue and tocopherol specific. C1 [Weindruch, Richard] Univ Wisconsin, Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weindruch, Richard] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Reg Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Page, Grier P.; Kim, Kyoungmi; Allison, David B.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Sect Stat Genet, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Page, Grier P.; Kim, Kyoungmi; Allison, David B.] Univ Alabama, Clin Nutr Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Meydani, Mohsen] Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vasc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Park, Sang-Kyu; Prolla, Tomas A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Genet & Med Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Prolla, TA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Genet & Med Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM taprolla@wisc.edu OI Allison, David/0000-0003-3566-9399 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG020681, R01AG020681, R01 AG020681-05] NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 138 IS 6 BP 1010 EP 1018 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 301UK UT WOS:000255920900005 PM 18492827 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Stone, D Kwok, OCH Sharma, RN AF Dubey, J. P. Stone, D. Kwok, O. C. H. Sharma, R. N. TI Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies in dogs from Grenada, West Indies SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION; SPECIFICITY; INFECTION AB Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are structurally similar parasites with many common hosts. The prevalence of antibodies to T. gondii and N. caninum was determined in sera from dogs in Grenada, West Indies. Using a modified agglutination test, antibodies to T. gondii were found in 52 (48.5%) of the 107 dogs, with titers of 1:25 in 17, 1:50 in 19, 1:100 in 7, 1:1,600 in 5, and 1:3,200 or higher in 4. Seroprevalence increased with age from 2.2% in dogs <6 mo old to 18.9% in dogs older than 2 yr, indicating postnatal transmission of T. gondii in this population of canines. There was no correlation between the health of the dogs and the seroprevalence or magnitude of the T gondii titer. Antibodies to N. caninum were determined by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Two of the 107 dogs had N. Canimum antibodies (IFAT titers 1:100 and 1:400); these dogs had T. gondii titers of 1:1,600 and 1:50, respectively. Results indicate that these 2 structurally similar protozoa are antigenically different. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Kwok, O. C. H.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Stone, D.; Sharma, R. N.] St Georges Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Paraclin Studies, St Georges, Grenada. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 101, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 94 IS 3 BP 750 EP 751 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 322YM UT WOS:000257411200028 PM 18605807 ER PT J AU Lindsay, DS Holliman, D Flick, GJ Goodwin, DG Mitchell, SM Dubey, JP AF Lindsay, David S. Holliman, Daniel Flick, George J. Goodwin, David G. Mitchell, Sheila M. Dubey, J. P. TI Effects of high pressure processing on Toxoplasma gondii oocysts on raspberries SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; TRICHINELLA-SPIRALIS; ANISAKIS-SIMPLEX; INFECTIVITY; PORK AB Oocysts are the environmentally resistant life stage of Toxoplasma gondii. Humans can become infected by accidentally ingesting the oocysts in water or from contaminated produce. Severe disease can occur in immunocompromised individuals, and nonimmune pregnant women can infect their offspring. Chronic infection is associated with decreased mental functions, vision and hearing problems, and some mental disorders such as schizophrenia. High pressure processing (HPP) is a commercial method used to treat food to eliminate pathogens. Treatment of produce to eliminate viable T gondii oocysts would provide a means to protect consumers. The present study was done to better define the effects of HPP on oocysts placed on raspberries. Raspberries were chosen because they are a known source of a related human intestinal parasite, Cyclospora cayetanensis. Raspberries were inoculated with 5 x 104 oocysts of the VEG strain of T. gondii for 20 hr prior to HPP. Individual raspberries were exposed to 500 MPa, 400 MPa, 340 MPa, 300 MPa, 270 MPa, 250 MPa, 200 MPA, 100 MPa, or no MPa treatment for 60 sec in a commercial HPP unit (I MPa = 10 atm = 147 psi). Treatment of raspberries with 340 MPa for 60 sec was needed to render oocysts spot inoculated on the raspberries noninfectious for mice. Treatment of raspberries with 200 MPa or less for 60 see was not effective in rendering oocysts noninfectious for mice. C1 [Lindsay, David S.; Goodwin, David G.; Mitchell, Sheila M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Holliman, Daniel; Flick, George J.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lindsay, DS (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathol, 1410 Prices Fork Rd, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM lindsayd@vt.edu RI Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016 OI Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321 NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 94 IS 3 BP 757 EP 758 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 322YM UT WOS:000257411200031 PM 18605805 ER PT J AU Quirk, T Dubey, JP AF Quirk, Travis Dubey, J. P. TI Experimental Toxoplasma gondii infection in striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDUCED MURINE TOXOPLASMOSIS; RACCOONS PROCYON-LOTOR; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; STAGE CONVERSION; TISSUE CYSTS; ANTIBODIES; OOCYSTS; MICE; PREVALENCE; SEROPREVALENCE AB Twenty-three striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) without demonstrable antibodies in 1:25 serum dilution in the modified agglutination test (MAT) were fed sporulated Toxoplasma gondii oocysts (9 skunks) or tissue cysts (10 skunks), and 4 skunks (controls) were not fed T. gondii. Skunks were bled before feeding T. gondii, 10 and 2325 days postinoculation (PI). All 9 seronegative skunks fed oocysts died of acute toxoplasmosis between 7 and 19 days PI; T. gondii tachyzoites were found in histological sections of many tissues. One of the 10 skunks fed tissue cysts and I of the 4 controls also died of acute toxoplasmosis days 19 and 20 PI; these animals probably became infected by ingestion of unexcysted oocysts passed in feces of skunks fed oocysts that were housed in the same room that skunks fed tissue cysts were housed. The remaining 9 skunks fed tissue cysts and the 3 controls developed only a mild illness and were killed in good health oil days 23-25 PI. Antibodies to 7. gondii were not found in 1:25 serum dilution of any of the 19 of 23 skunks that were alive on day 10 PI; 12 of 13 skunks had antibodies (MAT 1:80 or higher) on the day they were killed. Antibodies were not found in I skunk. Results indicate that skunks can develop IgG antibodies to T. gondii within 3 wk PI, and primary toxoplasmosis can be fatal in skunks. C1 [Quirk, Travis] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Quirk, T (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biol, 112 Sci Pl, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 94 IS 3 BP 761 EP 763 PG 3 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 322YM UT WOS:000257411200033 PM 18605806 ER PT J AU Reichard, MV Torretti, L Garvon, JM Dubey, JP AF Reichard, Mason V. Torretti, Luigi Garvon, Jason M. Dubey, J. P. TI Prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in wolverines from Nunavut, Canada SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEROLOGIC SURVEY; PUMA-CONCOLOR; ALASKA; SPECIFICITY; QUEBEC; LYNX AB The prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii was determined in blood and tissue exudates recovered from the spleens of 41 wolverines (Gulo gulo) collected in Nunavut, Canada, using a modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies to T gondii were found in 17 (41.5%) of the 41 wolverines with MAT titers of 1:25 in 1, 1:50 in 4, 1:100 in 5, 1:200 in 6, and 1:400 in 1. This is the first report of antibodies to T. gondii in wolverines, and the results indicate that exposure is common. C1 [Reichard, Mason V.] Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Torretti, Luigi] Govt Nunavut, Dept Environm, Kugluktuk, NU X0B 0E0, Canada. [Garvon, Jason M.] Lake Super State Univ, Dept Biol, Sault Ste Marie, MI 49783 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Reichard, MV (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM mason.reichard@okstate.edu NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 94 IS 3 BP 764 EP 765 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 322YM UT WOS:000257411200034 PM 18605808 ER PT J AU Yai, LEO Ragozo, AMA Canon-Franco, WA Dubey, JP Gennari, SM AF Yai, L. E. O. Ragozo, A. M. A. Canon-Franco, W. A. Dubey, J. P. Gennari, S. M. TI Occurrence of Neospora caninum antibodies in capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) from Sao Paulo State, Brazil SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; DEFINITIVE HOSTS; RODENTS; DOGS AB Capybara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) is a large rodent distributed throughout tropical America. Antibodies to Neospora caninum in 213 feral capybaras from 11 counties of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. were assessed using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (titer >= 1:25) and found in 20 (9.4%), with titers of 1:25 in 4, 1:50 in 7, and 1:100 in 9 animals. This is the first report of occurrence of N. caninum antibodies in capybaras. C1 [Yai, L. E. O.] Ctr Controle Zoonoses, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Ragozo, A. M. A.; Gennari, S. M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Dept Med Vet Prevent & Saude Anim, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Canon-Franco, W. A.] Univ Calidas Manizales, Colombia Fac Ciencias Agropecuarias, Manizales, Colombia. [Dubey, J. P.] USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Yai, LEO (reprint author), Ctr Controle Zoonoses, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Gennari, Solange/K-2447-2012 OI Gennari, Solange/0000-0001-7500-5277 NR 11 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 94 IS 3 BP 766 EP 766 PG 1 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 322YM UT WOS:000257411200035 PM 18605804 ER PT J AU Meek, L Martin, RC Shan, X Karplus, PA Mok, DWS Mok, MC AF Meek, Laura Martin, Ruth C. Shan, Xueyan Karplus, P. Andrew Mok, David W. S. Mok, Machteld C. TI Isolation of legume glycosyltransferases and active site mapping of the Phaseolus lunatus zeatin O-glucosyltransferase ZOG1 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION LA English DT Article DE cytokinin; zeatin; glucosyltransferase; xylosyltransferase; site-directed mutagenesis; Phaseolus ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PLANT GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES; DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; CYTOKININ GENE; CIS-ZEATIN; SPECIFICITY; ENZYMES; GLUCOSYLATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; VULGARIS AB O-Glycosides of the cytokinin zeatin are found in many plant tissues. They provide protection against degradative enzymes and may serve as cytokinin reserves. Two zeatin glycosyltransferase (GT) genes, an O-glucosyltransferase (ZOG1) from Phaseolus lunatus and an O-xylosyltransferase (ZOX1) from P. vulgaris, were previously isolated. Five novel bean and soybean GT genes with high sequence identity to ZOG1 were isolated, sequenced, and expressed, along with two such genes from rice and one from tomato. None of the recombinant proteins showed GT activity with zeatin. By comparing the ZOG1 sequence to the 3D model of Medicago truncatula UGT71G1, four regions possibly important to zeatin binding were identified, and mutation studies identified one amino acid within each region (R59, D87, L127, and F149) whose mutation strongly impaired enzyme activity. The new bean and soybean GTs differ from ZOG1 in one (PlGT2 and GmGT2) to three (GmGT1) of these residues. Mutation of one such GT (PlGT2) to render it identical to ZOG1 at the four implicated residues conferred low enzyme activity, providing further support for the importance of these amino acids in recognizing zeatin as substrate. C1 [Meek, Laura; Shan, Xueyan; Mok, David W. S.; Mok, Machteld C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Martin, Ruth C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Karplus, P. Andrew] Oregon State Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Meek, Laura; Martin, Ruth C.; Karplus, P. Andrew; Mok, David W. S.; Mok, Machteld C.] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Genome Res & Biocomputing, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Mok, MC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, ALS 4017, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM mokm@science.oregonstate.edu NR 44 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7595 J9 J PLANT GROWTH REGUL JI J. Plant Growth Regul. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 192 EP 201 DI 10.1007/s00344-008-9045-8 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 307LU UT WOS:000256321200010 ER PT J AU Sigua, GC Hudnall, WH AF Sigua, Gilbert C. Hudnall, Wayne H. TI Kriging analysis of soil properties - Implication to landscape management and productivity improvement SO JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS LA English DT Article DE dependence analysis; geostatistics; kriging; landscape; productivity improvement; soil spatial patterns ID OPTIMAL INTERPOLATION; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; SPATIAL VARIATION; NORTH-CAROLINA; SALT-MARSH; VARIABILITY; DRAINAGE; WATER AB Background, aim, and scope Soil as a landscape body contains wide ranges of physical, chemical, morphological, and mineralogical properties, both laterally and vertically. Soils with similar properties and environments are expected to behave similarly. A statement on land use potential will depend in part on the precision and accuracy of the statements that can be made about the soils. This information has some practical applications in optimizing land management and productivity improvement. The spatial patterns and dependence of some selected physicochemical properties of brackish marsh and surrounding soils were investigated using a 2-D kriging analysis in conjunction with a geostatistical (GS+, Michigan) model. Materials and methods Composite (four subsamples) surface samples (0-20 cm) were obtained across the sampling sites (717 ha). Sampling area was subdivided into north-south transect (NST) and cast-west transect (EWT). Subsamples were mixed resulting in 40 composite samples. These samples were stored at 5 degrees C until the different physical (particle size) and chemical analyses were initiated. Soil chemical analyses included electrical conductivity (EC), Cl-1, pH, and water soluble Na, S, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Al by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP). Soil extraction was performed via an automatic soil extractor. A 1:2 soil to extracting solution ratio was used for all the extractions. The concentration of Cl-1 in the soil sample was determined using a chloride electrode (Model 94-17B). Some selected physicochemical properties were interpolated by kriging. The procedures of univariate/multivariate analyses and kriging techniques were followed to evaluate the spatial dependence of some selected physicochemical properties of soils in the landscape. The kriging procedures included preliminary data analysis, structural data analysis, log kriging estimations, and image generations of spatial results. Based on the results of the kriging study, a field study evaluating the effects of gypsum and water management on the yield response of selected species of marsh vegetation was conducted in the area where soil samples were taken for the kriging study. The overall yield responses of four species of marsh vegetation to gypsum addition (0 vs. 7 Mg ha(-1)) and water management (flooded vs. non-flooded) were evaluated for joint grass (Paspalum vaginatum, SW.), marsh hay cordgrass (Spartina patens MuhL.), saltgrass (Distichlis spicata L.), and American three-square (Scirpus americanus Pers.). Results There was a significant spatial dependence and differences (p <= 0.01) for all soil parameters tested. The variability of an individual soil property, as indicated by coefficients of variation (CV), differed widely. Some soil properties in the lower horizons were more uniform than those at the surface because of fewer disturbances and effects of micro-topography. Soils may develop markedly contrasting morphologies and properties that may vary laterally (east-west) and vertically (north-south). There was no plant survival in the non-flooded plots except for the marsh hay cordgrass, which had an average survival rate of 32.8%. Plots receiving 7 Mg ha(-1) gypsum had significantly higher dry matter production than the control. Gypsum application increased dry matter yield (Mg ha(-1)) of joint grass (4-0 to 9.2), marsh bay cordgrass, (2.0 to 9,2), salt grass (0.9 to 3.2), and American three-square (1.5 to 3.0) in flooded soils. Discussion The successions of high and low micro-relief within landscapes that were identified via kriging analysis may affect the overall growth and biomass production of marsh vegetation. Many of the differences and spatial dependence of soil properties in the study area that vary with topography are because of some combinations of microclimate, soil pedogenesis, geological surficial processes, and the sorting effects of water movement, Plants in the flooded plots had much higher dry matter yield (l)MY) than the plants in non-flooded plots. Both gypsum addition and water management should become a major part of any marsh revegetation program. Conclusions Kriging analysis of the landscape suggested that the majority of the spatial variability of some soil properties within the study area were caused by the interactive effect of micro-topography and hydrologic pattern. Spatial variability will therefore affect soil performance. A uniform, application of any soil amendments like fertilizer or gypsum in the area that possessed spatially variable soil would result in an overapplication in some parts of the area and an underapplication in, other areas. Plants that were grown in flooded plots with gypsum treatment of 7 Mg ha(-1) had a higher dry matter yield. Recommendations and perspectives Knowledge of the existing soil variability in the area can be utilized to develop 4 stochastic model that may describe the potential land use capabilities. The prediction is being made by matching the requirements of specific land use to the characteristics of soils in the landscape. Results of an investigation of this type are of great interest to environmental scientists, water resource planners, regulators, decision makers, engineers, soil scientists, and resource managers. Kriging results were suggesting that both gypsum addition and water management should become a. major part of marsh revegetation and restoration. programs. C1 [Sigua, Gilbert C.] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. [Hudnall, Wayne H.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Soils & Plants, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Sigua, GC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. EM gilbert.sigua@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 35 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1439-0108 J9 J SOIL SEDIMENT JI J. Soils Sediments PD JUN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 3 BP 193 EP 202 DI 10.1007/s11368-008-0003-7 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA 335EL UT WOS:000258273500006 ER PT J AU Merete, C Falcon, LM Tucker, KL AF Merete, Cristina Falcon, Luis M. Tucker, Katherine L. TI Vitamin B-6 Is Associated with Depressive Symptomatology in Massachusetts Elders SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; SACRAMENTO-AREA-LATINO; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; PUERTO-RICAN; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; HISPANIC HEALTH; DOUBLE-BLIND AB Objective: We examined the cross-sectional relationship between dietary vitamin B-6 and plasma pyridoxyl-5'-phosphate concentrations (PLP) with depressive symptomatology among a representative sample of 618 elderly Caribbean Hispanics, and a neighborhood based comparison group of 251 non-Hispanic white (NHW) older adults in Massachusetts. Methods: Depressive symptomatology was assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). 41% of Hispanics and 22.6% of NHWs had CES-D scores greater than 16, indicating depressive caseness. Dietary intake was calculated from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) designed for this population. Results: PLP was significantly associated with CES-D score and depressive caseness in the total sample and in non-supplement users. Deficient levels of plasma PLP (plasma PLP < 20 nmol/L) approximately doubled the likelihood of depressive caseness. Total intake (diet + supplement) of vitamin B-6 was not associated with these outcomes. However, dietary vitamin B-6 was significantly associated with CES-D score and depressive caseness. Conclusion: Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the direction of causality between vitamin B-6 and depressive symptoms. C1 [Merete, Cristina; Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Falcon, Luis M.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Sociol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Tucker, KL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM katherine.tucker@tufts.edu RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; Falcon, Luis/C-1237-2009; OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU National Institute of Aging Grants [R01AG10425, AG023394]; US Department of Agriculture Cooperative Agreement [58-1950-9-001]; National Institute of Mental Health NRSA [F31MH07332903] FX This research was funded by the National Institute of Aging Grants R01AG10425 and AG023394, US Department of Agriculture Cooperative Agreement 58-1950-9-001, and National Institute of Mental Health NRSA Grant F31MH07332903. The authors would like to thank Gayle Petty and the Nutrition Evaluation Laboratory for all blood analyses and Peter Bakun and Janice Maras for dietary data analysis. NR 52 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER COLLEGE NUTRITION PI CLEARWATER PA 300 SOUTH DUNCAN AVENUE, STE 225, CLEARWATER, FL 33755 USA SN 0731-5724 J9 J AM COLL NUTR JI J. Am. Coll. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3 BP 421 EP 427 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 363MG UT WOS:000260270800008 PM 18838531 ER PT J AU Lee, MJ Kilbreath, SL Singh, MF Zeman, B Lord, SR Raymond, J Davis, GM AF Lee, Mi-Joung Kilbreath, Sharon L. Singh, Maria Fiatarone Zeman, Brian Lord, Stephen R. Raymond, Jacquelene Davis, Glen M. TI Comparison of effect of aerobic cycle training and progressive resistance training on walking ability after stroke: A randomized sham exercise-controlled study SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE cerebrovascular disease; exercise training; randomized; controlled trial; walking ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; SUBACUTE STROKE; HEART-FAILURE; TRIAL; MUSCLE; CAPACITY; FITNESS; STRENGTH; PROGRAM; ADULTS AB OBJECTIVES: To determine whether changes in strength or cardiorespiratory fitness after exercise training improve walking ability in individuals who have had a stroke. DESIGN: A sham exercise-controlled, randomized two-by-two factorial design, in which the two factors investigated were cycle training (AEROBIC) and resistance training (STRENGTH). SETTING: University exercise laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-two individuals with a history of stroke (aged 63 +/- 9; time since stroke, 57 +/- 54 months). INTERVENTION: Participants undertook 30 exercise sessions over 10 to 12 weeks. Depending on group allocation, individuals underwent aerobic cycling plus sham progressive resistance training (PRT) (n=13), sham cycling plus PRT (n=13), aerobic cycling plus PRT (n=14), or sham cycling plus sham PRT (n=12). MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcomes were 6-minute walk distance, habitual and fast gait velocities, and stair climbing power. Secondary outcomes included measures of cardiorespiratory fitness; muscle strength, power, and endurance; and psychosocial attributes. RESULTS: Neither AEROBIC nor STRENGTH improved walking distance or gait velocity significantly more than sham exercise, although STRENGTH significantly improved participants' stair climbing power by 17% (P=.009), as well as their muscle strength, power, and endurance; cycling peak power output; and self-efficacy. Conversely, AEROBIC improved indicators of cardiorespiratory fitness only. Cycling plus PRT produced larger effects than either single modality for mobility and impairment outcomes. CONCLUSION: Single-modality exercises targeted at existing impairments do not optimally address the functional deficits of walking but do ameliorate the underlying impairments. The underlying cardiovascular and musculoskeletal impairments are significantly modifiable years after stroke with targeted robust exercise. C1 [Lee, Mi-Joung; Kilbreath, Sharon L.; Singh, Maria Fiatarone; Raymond, Jacquelene; Davis, Glen M.] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, Maria Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, Maria Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Hebrew SeniorLife & Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ct, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Zeman, Brian] Royal Rehabil Ctr, Coorabel Adult Rehabil Serv, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Lord, Stephen R.] Univ New S Wales, Prince Wales Med Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Kilbreath, SL (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Discipline Physiotherapy, POB 170, Lidcombe, NSW 1825, Australia. EM s.kilbreath@usyd.edu.au RI Lord, Stephen/C-9612-2011; OI Kilbreath, Sharon/0000-0002-8024-8641 NR 45 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 16 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 56 IS 6 BP 976 EP 985 DI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01707.x PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 308SU UT WOS:000256411100002 PM 18422947 ER PT J AU Liu, CK Latona, NP Dimaio, GL Cooke, P AF Liu, Cheng-Kung Latona, Nicholas P. Dimaio, Gary L. Cooke, Peter TI Polymeric coatings containing antioxidants to improve UV and heat resistance of chrome-free leather SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID COLLAGEN; GLUTARALDEHYDE AB For automotive upholstery leather, UV and heat resistance are very important qualities, particularly for non-chrome-tanned (chrome-free)leather. One of our research endeavors has focused on an environmentally friendly finishing process that will improve the UV and heat resistance of automobile upholstery leather. Both tocopherol and butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) are well-known antioxidants commonly used in the cosmetic and food industries. Tocopherol has been reported as a potent free radical scavenger and highly protective agent for collagen fibers against UV and heat damage. Experiments were conducted by adding 1 to 5% alpha-tocopherol and mixed-tocopherol to the grain I-aver finishes (topcoat) of chrome-free leather. The treated samples were exposed to artificial sunlight at a high temperature for 72 hours and then evaluated for the efficacy of UV and heat resistance and by mechanical property testing for tensile strength and fracture energy. Tests using 5% alpha-tocopherol or mixed-tocopherol showed a significant improvement in color fading resistance against UV radiation and heat. We also studied the addition of BHT to the fatliquoring drums. Observation, however, showed BHT has no beneficial effect on the UV and heat resistance of finished leather. C1 [Liu, Cheng-Kung; Latona, Nicholas P.; Dimaio, Gary L.; Cooke, Peter] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Liu, CK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM ChengKung.Liu@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA TEXAS TECH UNIV, BOX 45300, LUBBOCK, TX 79409-5300 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 103 IS 6 BP 167 EP 175 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 328PN UT WOS:000257810400001 ER PT J AU Xue, RD Doyle, MA Kline, DL AF Xue, Rui-De Doyle, Melissa A. Kline, Daniel L. TI Field evaluation of CDC and Mosquito Magnet (R) X traps baited with dry ice, CO(2) sachet, and octenol against mosquitoes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; sachet; chemical generation; traps; mosquitoes ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; 1-OCTEN-3-OL AB The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps and Mosquito Magnet (R) X (MMX) traps baited with dry ice, octenol, and a new formulation (granular) of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) were evaluated against adult mosquitoes in the field. The results showed that the MMX traps (68.6%) baited with dry ice collected more mosquitoes compared to the CDC light traps (32.4%) only. The CDC traps baited with dry ice (64%) collected significantly more mosquitoes than traps baited with CO(2) sachets (11%) or octenol (23%). The MMX traps baited with dry ice (85.5%) collected significantly more mosquitoes than traps baited with CO(2) sachets (6.5%) or octenol (9%). The CDC traps baited with the formulations of normal and slow release CO(2) sachets collected more mosquitoes than the formulation of fast release sachets. The CDC traps baited with fresh sachets and 24-h-exposed sachets collected significantly more mosquitoes than the traps baited with 48-h- and 72-h-exposed sachets. C1 [Xue, Rui-De] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. [Doyle, Melissa A.; Kline, Daniel L.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Xue, RD (reprint author), Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, 500 Old Beach Rd, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2 BP 249 EP 252 DI 10.2987/5701.1 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 316IT UT WOS:000256943600010 PM 18666533 ER PT J AU Lloyd, AM Kline, DL Hogsette, JA Kaufman, PE Allan, SA AF Lloyd, A. M. Kline, D. L. Hogsette, J. A. Kaufman, P. E. Allan, S. A. TI Evaluation of two commercial traps for the collection of Culicoides (Diptera : Ceratopogonidae) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Diptera; Ceratopogonidae; Culicoides; commercial traps ID BITING MIDGES DIPTERA; CARBON-DIOXIDE; IMPUNCTATUS DIPTERA; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE; MOSQUITO TRAPS; SALT MARSHES; SAND FLIES; FLORIDA; USA; 1-OCTEN-3-OL AB Two types of commercial propane-powered traps, mosquito magnet (MM) (American Biophysics Corporation) MM-Freedom (R) (Freedom) and MM-Liberty Plus (R) (Liberty Plus), were evaluated for the collection of Culicoides. Trap preference and seasonal characteristics for the 3 major species, Culicoides furens, Culicoides barbosai, and Culicoides mississippiensis, were recorded from July 7, 2005, to July 24, 2006. Over 35 million Culicoides were captured during our study. When species were evaluated separately, analysis of overall mean trap collections yielded 5 months (February, March, June, September, and October) with significant trap effects. The Freedom trap captured more C. forens in June and October; the Liberty Plus trap captured more C mississippiensis in February, March, and April, and more C barbosai in September. The high numbers of Culicoides captured during our study suggest that the number of host-seeking Culicoides could potentially be reduced by continuous trapping during times when they are prevalent. Results of these investigations will be used to guide future control efforts. C1 [Lloyd, A. M.; Kline, D. L.; Hogsette, J. A.; Allan, S. A.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Kaufman, P. E.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Lloyd, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600-1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2 BP 253 EP 262 DI 10.2987/5661.1 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 316IT UT WOS:000256943600011 PM 18666534 ER PT J AU Warner, K Miller, J Demurin, Y AF Warner, K. Miller, Jerry Demurin, Y. TI Oxidative stability of crude mid-oleic sunflower oils from seeds with high gamma- and delta-tocopherol levels SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE alpha-tocopherol; delta-tocopherol; gamma-tocopherol; oxidative; oxidative stability; sunflower oil; tocopherols AB In this study, mid-oleic and high-oleic sunflower seeds were developed with high levels of gamma- and delta-tocopherols by traditional breeding techniques. Sunflower seeds containing various profiles of tocopherols, ranging from traditional high alpha, low gamma, low delta relative to those with high gamma, high delta, and low alpha, were extracted, and the crude oil evaluated for oxidative stability. After aging at 60 degrees C, oils were measured for peroxide value and hexanal as indicators of oxidation levels. We found that when the gamma-tocopherol content of mid-oleic sunflower oil (MOSFO) (NuSun) was increased from its regular level of 20 to 300-700 ppm, the oxidation of the oil was decreased significantly compared to MOSFO with its regular low gamma-tocopherol level. The modified oils had alpha-tocopherol contents of up to 300 ppm without negatively affecting the stability of the oil. An oil with one of the best oxidative stabilities had a tocopherol profile of 470 ppm gamma, 100 ppm delta, and 300 ppm alpha, indicating that MOSFO could be more oxidatively stable and still be a good source of Vitamin E from alpha-tocopherol. C1 [Warner, K.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Miller, Jerry] N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Demurin, Y.] All Russia Res Inst Oil Crops VNILMK, Krasnodar, Russia. RP Warner, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kathleen.warner@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 85 IS 6 BP 529 EP 533 DI 10.1007/s11746-008-1212-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 299KD UT WOS:000255753600005 ER PT J AU Simon, A AF Simon, Andrew TI Fine-sediment loadings to Lake Tahoe SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE sediment; fluvial processes; lakes; turbidity; bank erosion AB Over the past 35 years, a trend of decreasing water clarity has been documented in Lake Tahoe, attributable in part to the delivery of fine-grained sediments emanating from upland and channel sources. The overall objective of the research reported here was to determine the amount of fine sediment delivered to Lake Tahoe from each of the 63 contributing watersheds. The research described in this report used combinations of field-based observations of channel and bank stability with measured and simulated data on fine-sediment loadings to estimate fine-sediment loadings from unmonitored basins throughout the Lake Tahoe Basin. Loadings were expressed in the conventional format of mass per unit time but also in the number of particles finer than 20 mu m, the latter for future use in a lake-clarity model. The greatest contributors of fine sediment happened to be those with measured data, not requiring extrapolation. In descending order, they are as follows: Upper Truckee River [1,010 tonnes per year (T/year)], Blackwood Creek (846 T/year), Trout Creek (462 T/year), and Ward Creek (412 T/year). Summing estimated values from the contributing watersheds provided an average, annual estimate of fine-sediment (<0.063 mm) loadings to the lake of 5,206 T/year. A total of 7.79E + 19 particles in the 5-20 mu m fraction were calculated to enter Lake Tahoe in an average year with the Upper Truckee River accounting for almost 25% of the total. Contributions from Blackwood, Ward, Trout, and Third creeks account for another 23% of these very fine particles. Thus, these five streams making up about 40% of the basin area, account for almost 50% of all fine-sediment loadings to the lake. Contribution of fine sediment from streambank erosion were estimated by developing empirical relations between measured or simulated bank-erosion rates with a field-based measure of the extent of bank instability along given streams. An average, annual fine-sediment loading from streambank erosion of 1,305 T/year was calculated. This represents about 25% of the average, annual fine-sediment load delivered to the lake from all sources. The two largest contributors, the Upper Truckee River (639 T/year) and Blackwood Creek (431 T/year), account for slightly more than 80% of all fines emanating from streambanks, representing about 20% of the fine sediment delivered to Lake Tahoe from all sources. Extrapolations of fine-sediment loadings to the unmonitored watersheds are based on documented empirical relations, yet contain a significant amount of uncertainty. Except for those values derived directly from measured data, reported results should be considered as estimates. C1 USDA ARS, Watershed Phys Processes Res Unit, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Simon, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Watershed Phys Processes Res Unit, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM andrew.simon@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 44 IS 3 BP 618 EP 639 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00188.x PG 22 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 302BY UT WOS:000255945000007 ER PT J AU Utley, BC Vellidis, G Lowrance, R Smith, MC AF Utley, Barbra C. Vellidis, George Lowrance, Richard Smith, Matt C. TI Factors affecting sediment oxygen demand dynamics in blackwater streams of Georgia's coastal plain SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE sediment oxygen demand; dissolved oxygen; coastal plain; Georgia; blackwater streams; watersheds; water quality ID RESPIRATION; RIVER; ECOSYSTEMS; USA AB Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) is believed to be an important process affecting dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in blackwater streams of the southeastern coastal plain. Because very few data on SOD are available, it is common for modelers to take SOD values from the literature for use with DO models. In this study, SOD was measured in seven blackwater streams of the Suwannee River Basin within the Georgia coastal plain for between August 2004 and April 2005. SOD was measured using four in situ chambers and was found to vary on average between 0.1 and 2.3 g O(2)/m/day across the seven study sites throughout the study period. SOD was found to vary significantly between the watersheds within the Suwannee River Basin. However, land use was not found to be the driving force behind SOD values. Statistical analyses did find significant interaction between land use and watersheds suggesting that an intrinsically different factor in each of the watersheds may be affecting SOD and the low DO concentrations. Further research is needed to identify the factors driving SOD dynamics in the blackwater streams of Georgia's coastal plain. Results from this study will be used by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources - Environmental Protection Division as model input data for the development and evaluation of DO total maximum daily loads in the Georgia coastal plain. C1 [Utley, Barbra C.; Vellidis, George; Lowrance, Richard; Smith, Matt C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. USDA ARS, Anim Manure & By Prod Lab, ANRI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Utley, BC (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM yiorgos@uga.edu NR 33 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 44 IS 3 BP 742 EP 753 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00202.x PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 302BY UT WOS:000255945000016 ER PT J AU Simon, A Doyle, M Kondolf, M Shields, FD Rhoads, B McPhillips, M AF Simon, A. Doyle, M. Kondolf, M. Shields, F. D., Jr. Rhoads, B. McPhillips, M. TI "Critical Evaluation of How the Rosgen Classification and Associated 'Natural Channel Design' Methods Fail to Integrate and Quantify Fluvial Processes and Channel Responses" - Reply to discussion SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID RIPARIAN VEGETATION; EXTREMAL HYPOTHESES; STREAMBANK EROSION; ALLUVIAL CHANNELS; RIVERS; ADJUSTMENT; MODEL C1 [Simon, A.; Doyle, M.; Kondolf, M.; Shields, F. D., Jr.; Rhoads, B.; McPhillips, M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Landscape Architecture & Environm Planning, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Geog, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Intuit & Log Inc, Amelia Isl, FL USA. RP Simon, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM asimon@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 44 IS 3 BP 793 EP 802 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00213.x PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 302BY UT WOS:000255945000020 ER PT J AU Miliczky, E AF Miliczky, Eugene TI Observations on the nesting biology of Andrena (Plastandrena) prunorum Cockerell in Washington State (Hymenoptera : Andrenidae) SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Andrena prunorum; Andrenidae; nesting biology; phenology; behavior; Nomada cleptoparasite; Washington State ID VIERECK HYMENOPTERA; COMMUNAL BEE; BIONOMICS; RECORDS AB Nesting and associated behaviors of Andrena (Plastandrena) prunorum Cockerell were studied at two sites in western Washington: a suburban lawn and a vacant lot. A maximum of five nests, usually well separated from one another, was found at a given site and year. Nest and cell structure at both sites were similar, but cell depth differed markedly between sites, and between years at one site. All nests were multi-cellular. Provision masses were flattened spheres of pollen moistened to a doughy consistency. The curved egg was placed atop the provision mass with both ends contacting it. A brief description of larval feeding is provided. Andrena prunorum and its Nomada parasite overwinter as adults. Nests, cell, provision mass, egg placement, and a feeding larva are illustrated. Information on mating, female foraging behavior, and local pollen sources are given. Adult phenology and the possibility of two generations per year are discussed. Nomada sp. nr. calloxantha CH. parasitized A. prunorum at one site and larval feeding by the cleptoparasite is described. C1 USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Miliczky, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Gene.miliczky@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 81 IS 2 BP 110 EP 121 DI 10.2317/JKES-611.12.1 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 318LC UT WOS:000257092100005 ER PT J AU Barnhart, MC Haag, WR Roston, WN AF Barnhart, M. Christopher Haag, Wendell R. Roston, William N. TI Adaptations to host infection and larval parasitism in Unionoida SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review DE Unionoida; parasitism; freshwater mussel; glochidia; innate immunity; host specificity ID FRESH-WATER MUSSEL; MARGARITIFERA-AURICULARIA SPENGLER; UTTERBACKIA-IMBECILLIS BIVALVIA; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; TENNESSEE RIVER DRAINAGE; ANODONTA-CYGNEA MOLLUSCA; GULF COASTAL-PLAIN; REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; LIFE-HISTORY; FISH HOSTS AB Freshwater mussel larval parasitism of fish is unique among bivalves. The relationship is primarily phoretic rather than nutritive; only the smallest glochidia and the haustorial larva grow substantially while on the host. Growth of the smallest larvae suggests a lower functional size limit of similar to 150 mu m for the juvenile stage. Most Ambleminae, the most diverse North American clade, infect host gills by attracting feeding fish. Many species of Pleurobemini and some Lampsilini release conglutinates of eggs and larvae that resemble host food items. Many Lampsilini and a few Quadrulini use mantle modifications to attract host fish to the female. The mantle of some Quadrulini forms a posterior chamber that holds glochidia for immediate release in response to host fish. In many Lampsilini, mantle flap lures and a protrusible marsupium. promote attack by the host fish and direct extraction of glochidia from the marsupium by the host. Host extraction of glochidia from the brooding female might have favored the evolution of long-term brooding in Lampsilini because glochidia need not be released by the female to encounter the host. A remarkable derivative of the host extraction strategy evolved in Epioblasma, which catch fish between the valves and release glochidia directly to the trapped host before releasing it. Host specificity is a critical feature of the evolutionary diversification and conservation biology of Unionoida. As temporary parasites, mussels must primarily evade the innate immune responses of the host, rather than the adaptive (acquired) responses. Evolution of host specificity is associated with selective encounter of host taxa, either because of host attraction strategies or because of dominance of particular host species in the habitat. The intricate relationships between mussels and fish are easily disrupted and, thus, contribute to the imperilment of many mussel species, yet they also fascinate us and compel conservation efforts. C1 [Barnhart, M. Christopher] SW Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Haag, Wendell R.] USDA ARS, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, So Res Stn, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Barnhart, MC (reprint author), SW Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. EM chrisbarnhart@missouristate.edu; whaag@fs.fed.us; wroston@live.com NR 174 TC 107 Z9 110 U1 4 U2 69 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 370 EP 394 DI 10.1899/07-093.1 PG 25 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 305KV UT WOS:000256178200012 ER PT J AU Christian, AD Crump, BG Berg, DJ AF Christian, Alan D. Crump, Betty G. Berg, David J. TI Nutrient release and ecological stoichiometry of freshwater mussels (Mollusca : Unionidae) in 2 small, regionally distinct streams SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE carbon; nitrogen; phosphorus; consumer-driven nutrient recycling; C : N; N : P; C : P ID DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; AMBLEMA-PLICATA; FUNCTIONAL-ROLE; LAKE; BIVALVIA; RIVER; ZOOPLANKTON; ASSEMBLAGES; ECOSYSTEMS; EXCRETION AB Ecological stoichiometry is the study of the balance of multiple elements in ecological interactions and processes. We investigated the ecological stoichiometry of freshwater mussels across 3 seasons at 2 sites each in an agricultural watershed (Little Darby Creek [LD] Ohio) and a forested watershed (Upper Ouachita River [OR], Arkansas) (2 species/stream). We used nutrient-release experiments to determine C, N, and P content and elemental ratios in seston and in consumer-driven nutrient recycling (CNR) components (mussel soft tissues, shells, biodeposited material, and excreted nutrients). We focused on seasonal patterns of: 1) biodeposition and excretion rates; 2) seston and CNR component % C, % N, % P, C:N, C:P, and N:P; and 3) degree of homeostasis in mussels. Differences in mass-specific biodeposition and excretion rates were driven largely by seasonal factors. Percent P, C:N, C:P, and N:P of seston were seasonally variable in LD, and % C, % N, % P, C:N, C:P, and N:P of seston were seasonally variable in OR. Mussel tissues and biodeposited materials were variable for 3 to 5 of the 6 nutrient metrics in both LD and OR. Mussel shell and soft-tissue nutrient stoichiometry were relatively homeostatic and fell within stoichiometric ranges of other macroinvertebrates, except that mussel tissue had higher % P and lower C:P and N:P than are usually observed in other macroinvertebrates. Mussels can repackage nutrients in stream seston and fine benthic organic matter in the form of biodeposited material and excreted nutrients, thereby providing a significant source of C, N, and P for other benthic organisms. C1 [Christian, Alan D.] Arkansas State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. [Christian, Alan D.] Miami Univ, Dept Zool, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Christian, Alan D.] Arkansas State Univ, Environm Sci Program, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. [Crump, Betty G.] USDA ARS, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. [Berg, David J.] Miami Univ, Dept Zool, Hamilton, OH 45011 USA. RP Christian, AD (reprint author), Arkansas State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, POB 599, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. EM achristian@astate.edu; bcrump@fs.fed.us; bergdj@muohio.edu NR 49 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 36 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 440 EP 450 DI 10.1899/07-112.1 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 305KV UT WOS:000256178200016 ER PT J AU Beck, JJ Higbee, BS Merrill, GB Roitman, JN AF Beck, John J. Higbee, Bradley S. Merrill, Glory B. Roitman, James N. TI Comparison of volatile emissions from undamaged and mechanically damaged almonds SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Meeting of the American-Society of Pharmacognosy CY JUL 14-18, 2007 CL Portland, OR SP Amer Soc Pharmacognosy DE almond; damaged; spiroketal; Tenax; volatile ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; PITYOGENES-CHALCOGRAPHUS; NAVEL ORANGEWORM; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES; AGGREGATION PHEROMONES; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BARK BEETLES; ASPERGILLUS; COMPONENTS; OILS AB BACKGROUND: The navel orangeworm (NOW) Amyelois transitella (Walker) is a major insect pest of almonds causing considerable monetary setbacks for both growers and processors, and thus control of NOW is one of the top priorities for the almond industry. Field observations purport that NOW is attracted to previously injured almonds. Accordingly, in this study the volatile output of damaged almonds was investigated in an effort to identify potential attractants for further studies into the control and/or monitoring of NOW. Mature almonds from the Monterey variety were evaluated for their volatile composition after mechanical damage and compared with the volatile composition of undamaged almonds. RESULTS: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were collected on Tenax, desorbed and identified via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. VOCs unique to the damaged tree nuts included trace amounts of 3-pentanol and isomers of the spiroketal chalcogran. VOCs that increased in relative amounts after damage include the spiroketal conophthorin and numerous four-carbon ester and ketone as well as alcohol derivatives, in addition to two eight-carbon chain compounds. CONCLUSION: Several VOCs, both unique and in increased amounts, were identified from damaged almonds. Their presence in damaged almonds warrants further investigation into their role in NOW response to damaged almonds, which may lead to insights into the control and/or monitoring of NOW. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Beck, John J.; Merrill, Glory B.; Roitman, James N.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Higbee, Bradley S.] Paramount Farming Co, Bakersfield, CA 93308 USA. RP Beck, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM john.beck@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 88 IS 8 BP 1363 EP 1368 DI 10.1002/jsfa.3224 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 305OL UT WOS:000256187600008 ER PT J AU Sullivan, ML Hatfield, RD Samac, DA AF Sullivan, Michael L. Hatfield, Ronald D. Samac, Deborah A. TI Cloning of an alfalfa polyphenol oxidase gene and evaluation of its potential in preventing postharvest protein degradation SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE polyphenol oxidase; alfalfa; forage legumes; proteolysis; protein preservation ID CLOVER TRIFOLIUM-PRATENSE; RED-CLOVER; TRANSGENIC ALFALFA; CATECHOL OXIDASE; MEDICAGO-SATIVA; CLEAVAGE SITES; EXPRESSION; PLANTS; PROTEOLYSIS; PEROXIDASE AB BACKGROUND: Ensiling forages often leads to degradation of protein to non-protein nitrogen (NPN), which is poorly utilized by ruminants. Postharvest protein degradation is especially high in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). In contrast, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) has up to 90% less protein loss during ensiling due to polyphenol oxidase (PPO) forming o-quinones from endogenous o-diphenols and subsequent binding of o-quinones to cytoplasmic proteins. Here we determined whether an endogenous PPO might be exploited for postharvest protein protection in alfalfa. RESULTS: We isolated an alfalfa PPO gene (MsPPO1) that shares limited sequence identity (70-72%) with red clover PPO genes. MsPPO1 is expressed primarily in flowers and developing seed pods, but not in leaves or stems. Expression of MsPPO1 from a strong constitutive promoter in transgenic alfalfa results in accumulation of PPO transcripts in leaves, but little enzyme activity is detected using a variety of o-diphenol substrates unless assayed in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Under this SDS-activated condition, preference of MsPPO1 for tested substrates is catechol. > (-)-epicatechin > caffeic acid. PPO activity in unactivated MsPPO1-alfalfa extracts is sufficient to inhibit proteolysis in the presence of catechol, but not caffeic acid or (-)-epicatechin. Inhibition is less than in extracts of alfalfa expressing the red clover PPO1 gene. CONCLUSION: Endogenous alfalfa PPO, even if expressed in appropriate target tissues, would be less effective at preventing proteolytic losses in ensiled forages than red clover PPO. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Sullivan, Michael L.; Hatfield, Ronald D.] US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Samac, Deborah A.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Samac, Deborah A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Sullivan, ML (reprint author), US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM michael.sullivan@ars.usda.gov OI Sullivan, Michael/0000-0002-8517-4493 NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 88 IS 8 BP 1406 EP 1414 DI 10.1002/jsfa.3232 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 305OL UT WOS:000256187600015 ER PT J AU Thompson, KR Rawles, SD Metts, LS Smith, R Wimsatt, A Gannam, AL Twibell, RG Johnson, RB Brady, YJ Webster, CD AF Thompson, Kenneth R. Rawles, Steven D. Metts, Linda S. Smith, Re'gie Wimsatt, Ashley Gannam, Ann L. Twibell, Ronald G. Johnson, Ronald B. Brady, Yolanda J. Webster, Carl D. TI Digestibility of dry matter, protein, lipid, and organic matter of two fish meals, two poultry by-product meals, soybean meal, and distiller's dried grains with solubles in practical diets for sunshine bass, Morone chrysops x M-Saxatilis SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; COD GADUS-MORHUA; APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY; RAINBOW-TROUT; FEED INGREDIENTS; STRIPED BASS; NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY; CHANNEL CATFISH AB Limited information is available on digestibility of nutrients in various practical ingredients used in diets for commercially important finfish species, such as hybrid striped bass. This information is especially needed for sunshine bass, Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis, to improve least-cost diet formulations and to allow effective substitution of feedstuffs. A study was conducted with large (867 g) sunshine bass to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) for moisture, protein, lipid, and organic matter (OM) in a variety of ingredients in floating, extrusion-processed, diets. The practical ingredients tested were menhaden (MEN) fish meal (FM), anchovy (ANCH) FM, pet-food grade poultry by-product meal, feed-grade poultry by-product meal, dehulled soybean meal (SBM), and distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Test diets consisted of a 70:30 mixture of reference diet to test ingredient with chromic oxide (1.0%) as the inert marker. Reference and test diet ingredients were mixed and extruded on a Wenger X85 single-screw extruder to produce floating pellets. The digestibility trials were conducted in twelve 1200-L circular tanks. Diets were randomly assigned to tanks of 30 sunshine bass and were fed once daily to satiation. Protein digestibility coefficients were significantly (P < 0.05) different among test ingredients and ranged from 86.42% for MEN to 64.94% for DDGS. Lipid ADCs were significantly different (P < 0.05) among test ingredients and ranged from 92.14% for MEN to 57.11% for SBM. OM ADCs were significantly different (P < 0.05) among test ingredients and ranged from 89.41% for MEN to 16.94% for DDGS. This information will assist in the formulation of more efficient, economical diets for sunshine bass. C1 [Thompson, Kenneth R.; Metts, Linda S.; Smith, Re'gie; Wimsatt, Ashley; Webster, Carl D.] Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Rawles, Steven D.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Gannam, Ann L.; Twibell, Ronald G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA. [Johnson, Ronald B.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Enhancement & Utilizat Technol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Brady, Yolanda J.] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Webster, CD (reprint author), Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. NR 68 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-8849 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 39 IS 3 BP 352 EP 363 DI 10.1111/j.1749-7345.2008.00174.x PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 304LF UT WOS:000256110300005 ER PT J AU Reeves, WK Murray, KO Meyer, TE Bull, LM Pascua, RF Holmes, KC Loftis, AD AF Reeves, Wir K. Murray, Kristy O. Meyer, Tamra E. Bull, Lara M. Pascua, Rhia F. Holmes, Keuy C. Loftis, Amanda D. TI Serological evidence of typhus group rickettsia in a homeless population in Houston, Texas SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia; homeless; typhus; lice; flea ID MURINE TYPHUS; BORNE DISEASES; SOUTH TEXAS; INFECTION; BALTIMORE; MARYLAND; CHILDREN AB We tested sera from 176 homeless people in Houston for antibodies against typhus group rickettsiae (TGR). Sera from 19 homeless people were reactive to TGR antigens by ELISA and IFA. Two people had antibodies against Rickettsia prowazekii (epidemic typhus) and the remaining 17 had antibodies against Rickettsia typhi (murine typhus). C1 [Reeves, Wir K.] USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, Laramie, WY 82701 USA. [Murray, Kristy O.; Meyer, Tamra E.; Bull, Lara M.; Pascua, Rhia F.; Holmes, Keuy C.] Univ Texas Houston, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Infect Dis, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. RP Reeves, WK (reprint author), USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, Laramie, WY 82701 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR 02558] NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 EI 1948-7134 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 33 IS 1 BP 205 EP 207 DI 10.3376/1081-1710(2008)33[205:SEOTGR]2.0.CO;2 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325MD UT WOS:000257592100025 PM 18697325 ER PT J AU Moreau, RA Doehlert, DC Welti, R Isaac, G Roth, M Tamura, P Nunez, A AF Moreau, Robert A. Doehlert, Douglas C. Welti, Ruth Isaac, Giorgis Roth, Mary Tamura, Pamela Nunez, Alberto TI The identification of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetragalactosyl-diacylglycerols and their natural estolides in oat kernels SO LIPIDS LA English DT Article DE oat kernels; estolides; digalactosyldiacylglycerol; trigalactosyldiacylglycerol; tetragalactosyldiacylglycerol; galactolipid; mass spectrometry ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; TETRAESTER TRIGLYCERIDE; MEMBRANE-LIPIDS; SEED OIL; ARABIDOPSIS; GLYCOLIPIDS; ACID; LESQUERELLA AB Oat kernels were extracted with methanol, and glycolipid-enriched fractions were prepared using silica solid phase extraction. Using direct infusion electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-ESI-MS, and HPLC-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)-MS, we confirmed previous reports that digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) was the most abundant glycolipid in oat kernels and confirmed a previous report of the presence of a DGDG mono-estolide in oat kernels. In the current study we also identified several additional natural galactolipid estolides: two new DGDG estolides (di- and tri-estolides), two trigalactosyldiacylglycerol (TriGDG) estolides (mono- and di-estolides), and one tetragalactosyldiacylglycerol (TetraGDG) estolide (mono-estolide). The levels of total galactolipid estolides in oat kernels were estimated to be about 29% of the total glycolipid fraction. To our knowledge, this report is the first evidence of natural di- and tri-estolides of polar lipids. C1 [Moreau, Robert A.] ARS, USDA, ERRC, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Moreau, Robert A.; Nunez, Alberto] Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Doehlert, Douglas C.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Welti, Ruth; Isaac, Giorgis; Roth, Mary; Tamura, Pamela] Kansas State Univ, Kansas Lipidom Res Ctr, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Moreau, RA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ERRC, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Robert.Moreau@ars.usda.gov OI Welti, Ruth/0000-0003-4373-2538; Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR016475, P20RR16475]; NIGMS NIH HHS [P20 GM103418] NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 31 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0024-4201 J9 LIPIDS JI Lipids PD JUN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 6 BP 533 EP 548 DI 10.1007/s11745-008-3181-6 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 304DR UT WOS:000256090700007 PM 18481134 ER PT J AU Yelle, DJ Ralph, J Frihart, CR AF Yelle, Daniel J. Ralph, John Frihart, Charles R. TI Characterization of nonderivatized plant cell walls using high-resolution solution-state NMR spectroscopy SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE NMR; HSQC; 1-methylimidazole-d(6); dimethylsulfoxide-d(6); Pinus taeda; Populus tremuloides; Hibiscus cannabinus; whole cell wall dissolution; lignin; polysaccharides ID MILLED WOOD LIGNIN; ABIES L. KARST; LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS; IONIC LIQUIDS; ACETYLATED GALACTOGLUCOMANNAN; THERMOMECHANICAL PULP; DFRC METHOD; EXCHANGE; SPRUCE; 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE AB A recently described plant cell wall dissolution system has been modified to use perdeuterated solvents to allow direct in-NMR-tube dissolution and high-resolution solution-state NMR of the whole cell wall without derivatization. Finely ground cell wall material dissolves in a solvent system containing dimethylsulfoxide-d(6) and 1-methylimidazole-d(6) in a ratio of 4:1 (v/v), keeping wood component structures mainly intact in their near-native state. Two-dimensional NMR experiments, using gradient-HSQC (heteronuclear single quantum coherence) 1-bond C-13-H-1 correlation spectroscopy, on nonderivatized cell wall material from a representative gymnosperm Pinus taeda (loblolly pine), an angiosperm Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen), and a herbaceous plant Hibiscus cannabinus (kenaf) demonstrate the efficacy of the system. We describe a method to synthesize 1-methylimidazole-d(6) with a high degree of perdeuteration, thus allowing cell wall dissolution and NMR characterization of nonderivatized plant cell wall structures. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Yelle, Daniel J.; Frihart, Charles R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Yelle, Daniel J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forestry, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John] US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Yelle, DJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dyelle@fs.fed.us FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR02781, RR08438, P41RR02301]; NIGMS NIH HHS [P41GM66326] NR 50 TC 91 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 36 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0749-1581 J9 MAGN RESON CHEM JI Magn. Reson. Chem. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 46 IS 6 BP 508 EP 517 DI 10.1002/mrc.2201 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 309WX UT WOS:000256492000002 PM 18383438 ER PT J AU Carroll, JF Benante, JP Klun, JA White, CE Debboun, M Pound, JM Dheranetra, W AF Carroll, J. F. Benante, J. P. Klun, J. A. White, C. E. Debboun, M. Pound, J. M. Dheranetra, W. TI Twelve-hour duration testing of cream formulations of three repellents against Amblyomma americanum SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lone star tick; (1S,2'S) 2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxamide; 1-methyl-propyl-2-(hydroxyethyl)-1-piperidinecarboxylate,N,N-diethyl-3-m ethylbenzamide; Picaridin ID PERSONAL PROTECTION; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; FIELD-EVALUATION; TICKS ACARI; HEBRAEUM ACARI; AEDES-AEGYPTI; IXODIDAE; DEET; PERMETHRIN; EFFICACY AB The repellent efficacies of the U.S. military repellent 33% N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet), 10% and 20% (1S, 2'S) 2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxamide (SS220) and 10% and 20% 1-methyl-propyl-2-(hydroxyethyl)-1-piperidinecarboxylate (Bayrepel) cream formulations on human volunteers against the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum (L.) were evaluated in a simulated forest floor environment over a 12-h testing period. At 2-h intervals, volunteers, with repellent applied in a 5-cm-wide band around each ankle, stood for 5 min in plastic tubs containing leaf litter and 100 host-seeking A. americanum nymphs. Ticks were allowed to remain on a volunteer's feet and ankles for an additional 5 min after the volunteer exited the tub. All repellent formulations provided high levels of protection for the entire 12 h. No ticks crossed 5-cm-wide bands of 20% SS220 and Bayrepel during any challenge, and thus 100% protection was afforded throughout the test. These formulations showed a long-lasting efficacy hitherto unknown in tick repellents intended for use on human skin. C1 [Carroll, J. F.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Benante, J. P.; Dheranetra, W.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Klun, J. A.] ARS, Invas Insect Behav & Biocontrol Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [White, C. E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Med AV, Lib & Stat Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Debboun, M.] USA, Med Zool Branch, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv, Acad Hlth Sci,Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Pound, J. M.] ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, USDA, Kerrville, TX USA. RP Carroll, JF (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, BARC E, Bldg 1040, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM john.carroll@ars.barc.usda.gov NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 22 IS 2 BP 144 EP 151 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2008.00721.x PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 304VY UT WOS:000256138400007 PM 18498614 ER PT J AU Bearson, BL Bearson, SMD Uthe, JJ Dowd, SE Houghton, JO Lee, I Toscano, MJ Lay, DC AF Bearson, Bradley L. Bearson, Shawn M. D. Uthe, Jolita J. Dowd, Scot E. Houghton, John O. Lee, InSoo Toscano, Michael J. Lay, Donald C., Jr. TI Iron regulated genes of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in response to norepinephrine and the requirement of fepDGC for norepinephrine-enhanced growth SO MICROBES AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium; iron; norepinephrine; swine ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; NEUROENDOCRINE HORMONE NOREPINEPHRINE; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND-2; RECEPTOR PROTEINS; BACTERIAL-GROWTH; EXPRESSION; VIRULENCE; HEMOCHROMATOSIS; SIDEROPHORES; ENTEROBACTIN AB Catecholamines may stimulate enteric bacteria including the foodborne pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Salmonella Typhimurium) by two mechanisms in vivo: as a quorum sensing signal and a supplier of iron. To identify genes of Salmonella Typhimurium that respond to norepinephrine, transposon mutagenesis and DNA microarray analysis were performed. Insertional mutations in the following genes decreased norepinephrine-enhanced growth: degS, entE, entF, fes, gpmA, hfq, STM3846. DNA microarray and real-time RT-PCR analyses revealed a decrease in the expression of several genes involved in iron acquisition and utilization during norepinephrine exposure, signifying the iron-limiting conditions of serum-SAPI minimal medium and the siderophore-like activity of norepinephrine. Unlike the wild-type parent strain, growth of neither a fepA iroN ch-A mutant nor a fepC mutant, harboring deletional mutations in the outer and inner membrane transporters of enterochelin, respectively, was enhanced by norepinephrine. However, growth of the fepC and the fepA iroN ch-A mutants could be rescued by an alternative siderophore, ferrioxamine E, further validating the role of norepinephrine in supplying the organism with iron via the catecholate-specific iron transport system. Contrary to previous reports using small animal models, the fepA iroN cirA mutant of Salmonella Typhimurium colonized the swine gastrointestinal tract, as did the fepC mutant. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Bearson, Bradley L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Swine Odor & Manure Management Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bearson, Shawn M. D.; Uthe, Jolita J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Dowd, Scot E.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Houghton, John O.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lee, InSoo] Hannam Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Taejon 306791, South Korea. [Toscano, Michael J.; Lay, Donald C., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Bearson, BL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Swine Odor & Manure Management Res Unit, 2110 Univ Dr,NSRIC 2103, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brad.bearson@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1286-4579 J9 MICROBES INFECT JI Microbes Infect. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 10 IS 7 BP 807 EP 816 DI 10.1016/j.micinf.2008.04.011 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 331LK UT WOS:000258013500013 PM 18554972 ER PT J AU Iverson, L Prasad, A Matthews, S AF Iverson, Louis Prasad, Anantha Matthews, Stephen TI Modeling potential climate change impacts on the trees of the northeastern United States SO MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Tree species distributions; Composition changes; Species shifts; Random forests; Parallel climate model (PCM); Hadley; GFDL; CO(2) emissions; Northeastern United States AB We evaluated 134 tree species from the eastern United States for potential response to several scenarios of climate change, and summarized those responses for nine northeastern United States. We modeled and mapped each species individually and show current and potential future distributions for two emission scenarios (A1fi [higher emission] and B1 [lower emission]) and three climate models: the Parallel Climate, the Hadley CM3, and the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory model. Climate change could have large impacts on suitable habitat for tree species in this region, especially under a high emissions trajectory. Results indicate that while species with potentially increasing areas of suitable habitat in the Northeastern US substantially outnumber those with decreasing areas of habitat, there are key species that show diminishing habitat area: balsam fir (Abies balsamea), paper birch (Betula papyrifera), red spruce (Picea rubens), bigtooth and quaking aspen (Populus grandidentata and P. tremuloides), and black cherry (Prunus serotina). From these results we identified the top 10 losers and gainers for each US state in the region by scenario and emissions trajectory. By combining individual species importance maps and developing assembly rules for various classes, we created maps of potential forest types for the Northeast showing a general loss of the spruce-fir zone with advancing oak-hickory type. Further data, maps, and analysis can be found at http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/atlas. C1 [Iverson, Louis; Prasad, Anantha; Matthews, Stephen] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Iverson, L (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM liverson@fs.fed.us RI Matthews, Stephen/D-1050-2012; Iverson, Louis/C-7554-2009 OI Iverson, Louis/0000-0001-9501-471X FU US Forest Service FX Thanks to the Northern Global Change Program, US Forest Service for the financial support over several years, and to the Forest Inventory and Analysis units of the US Forest Service for the forest data. The authors thank Matthew Peters for the substantial assistance in preparing the data in this paper, Katharine Hayhoe for providing the climate-scenario data, and Erika Spanger-Siegfried and the Union of Concerned Scientists synthesis team for the helpful comments on improving the manuscript. Special thanks are due to Jerry Mellilo, David Foster, Linda Joyce, and an unidentified reviewer for their helpful suggestions, and to Marty Jones, Tom Lambert, Cameron Wake, and Mary Boda for the final edits. NR 49 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 7 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-2386 J9 MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL JI Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 13 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 487 EP 516 DI 10.1007/s11027-007-9129-y PG 30 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V17XM UT WOS:000207969900006 ER PT J AU Rodenhouse, NL Matthews, SN McFarland, KP Lambert, JD Iverson, LR Prasad, A Sillett, TS Holmes, RT AF Rodenhouse, N. L. Matthews, S. N. McFarland, K. P. Lambert, J. D. Iverson, L. R. Prasad, A. Sillett, T. S. Holmes, R. T. TI Potential effects of climate change on birds of the Northeast SO MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Bicknell's thrush; Catharus bicknelli; Bird species modeling; Climate change; Black-throated blue warbler; Dendroica caerulescens; Habitat; High elevation; Northeast; Northern hardwoods; Spruce-fir; Random forests AB We used three approaches to assess potential effects of climate change on birds of the Northeast. First, we created distribution and abundance models for common bird species using climate, elevation, and tree species variables and modeled how bird distributions might change as habitats shift. Second, we assessed potential effects on high-elevation birds, especially Bicknell's thrush (Catharus bicknelli), that may be particularly vulnerable to climate change, by using statistical associations between climate, spruce-fir forest vegetation and bird survey data. Last, we complemented these projections with an assessment of how habitat quality of a migratory songbird, the black-throated blue warbler (Dendroica caerulescens) might be affected by climate change. Large changes in bird communities of the Northeast are likely to result from climate change, and these changes will be most dramatic under a scenario of continued high emissions. Indeed, high-elevation bird species may currently be at the threshold of critical change with as little as 1 degrees C warming reducing suitable habitat by more than half. Species at mid elevations are likely to experience declines in habitat quality that could affect demography. Although not all species will be affected adversely, some of the Northeast's iconic species, such as common loon and black-capped chickadee, and some of its most abundant species, including several neotropical migrants, are projected to decline significantly in abundance under all climate change scenarios. No clear mitigation strategies are apparent, as shifts in species' abundances and ranges will occur across all habitat types and for species with widely differing ecologies. C1 [Rodenhouse, N. L.] Wellesley Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Wellesley, MA 02481 USA. [Matthews, S. N.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [McFarland, K. P.; Lambert, J. D.] Vermont Inst Nat Sci, Conservat Biol Dept, Quechee, VT USA. [Matthews, S. N.; Iverson, L. R.; Prasad, A.] US Forest Serv, Delaware, OH USA. [Sillett, T. S.] Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Holmes, R. T.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Rodenhouse, NL (reprint author), Wellesley Coll, Dept Biol Sci, 106 Cent St, Wellesley, MA 02481 USA. EM nrodenho@wellesley.edu RI Matthews, Stephen/D-1050-2012; Iverson, Louis/C-7554-2009 OI Iverson, Louis/0000-0001-9501-471X FU Wellesley College; US National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; Vermont Institute of Natural Science; Thomas Marshall Foundation; Upper Valley Community Foundation; US Fish and Wildlife Service Migratory Bird Division; US Forest Service FX This work was supported by grants from Wellesley College, the US National Science Foundation to Wellesley College and Dartmouth College, the Smithsonian Institution, the Trustees and members of the Vermont Institute of Natural Science, the Thomas Marshall Foundation, Stone House Farm Fund of the Upper Valley Community Foundation, the US Fish and Wildlife Service Migratory Bird Division, and the Northern Global Change Program of the US Forest Service. We are indebted to our wonderful colleague, the late Raymond O'Connor, for all his early work in spatial assessments of bird distributions. NR 74 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 8 U2 65 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-2386 J9 MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL JI Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 13 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 517 EP 540 DI 10.1007/s11027-007-9126-1 PG 24 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V17XM UT WOS:000207969900007 ER PT J AU Wolfe, DW Ziska, L Petzoldt, C Seaman, A Chase, L Hayhoe, K AF Wolfe, David W. Ziska, Lewis Petzoldt, Curt Seaman, Abby Chase, Larry Hayhoe, Katharine TI Projected change in climate thresholds in the Northeastern US: implications for crops, pests, livestock, and farmers SO MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Crop disease; Dairy; Farmer adaptation; Heat stress; Invasive insects; Integrated pest management; Weeds; Irrigation; Winter chill; Yield; Carbon dioxide; Climate change; Global warming AB Most prior climate change assessments for U. S. agriculture have focused on major world food crops such as wheat and maize. While useful from a national and global perspective, these results are not particularly relevant to the Northeastern U. S. agriculture economy, which is dominated by dairy milk production, and high-value horticultural crops such as apples (Malus domestica), grapes (Vitis vinifera), sweet corn (Zea mays var. rugosa), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), and maple syrup (sugar maple, Acer saccharum). We used statistically downscaled climate projections generated by the HadCM3 atmosphere-ocean general circulation model, run with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change future emissions scenarios A1fi (higher) and B1 (lower), to evaluate several climate thresholds of direct relevance to agriculture in the region. A longer (frost-free) growing season could create new opportunities for farmers with enough capital to take risks on new crops (assuming a market for new crops can be developed). However, our results indicate that many crops will have yield losses associated with increased frequency of high temperature stress, inadequate winter chill period for optimum fruiting in spring, increased pressure from marginally over-wintering and/or invasive weeds, insects, or disease, or other factors. Weeds are likely to benefit more than cash crops from increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Projections of thermal heat index values for dairy cows indicate a substantial potential negative impact on milk production. At the higher compared to lower emissions scenario, negative climate change effects will occur sooner, and impact a larger geographic area within the region. Farmer adaptations to climate change will not be cost- or risk-free, and the impact on individual farm families and rural communities will depend on commodity produced, available capital, and timely, accurate climate projections. C1 [Wolfe, David W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ziska, Lewis] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Petzoldt, Curt; Seaman, Abby] Cornell Univ, Integrated Pest Management Program, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Chase, Larry] Cornell Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hayhoe, Katharine] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Wolfe, DW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM dww5@cornell.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture [ENE05-091] FX This work was funded in part by a Northeast Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education grant (ENE05-091) from the United States Department of Agriculture. The authors also thank the Union of Concerned Scientists for partial support for climate modeling and research team communications associated with this project. NR 68 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 4 U2 63 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-2386 J9 MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL JI Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 13 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 555 EP 575 DI 10.1007/s11027-007-9125-2 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V17XM UT WOS:000207969900009 ER PT J AU Ziska, LH Epstein, PR Rogers, CA AF Ziska, Lewis H. Epstein, Paul R. Rogers, Christine A. TI Climate change, aerobiology, and public health in the Northeast United States SO MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Allergies; Asthma; Carbon dioxide; Hay fever; Ragweed; Urbanization AB The epidemiological implications with respect to climate change and public health (e.g., shifts in disease vectors) are beginning to be acknowledged. Less recognized however, are the potential links between climate, plant biology and public health. In addition to being affected by climate (e.g., temperature determines plant range), carbon dioxide (CO(2)) represents the raw material needed for photosynthesis and its rapid increase in the atmosphere is expected to stimulate plant growth. While there are a number of means by which plant biology intersects with human health (e.g., plant nutrition), one of the most widely recognized is aerobiology; specifically, the ability of plants to both produce pollen and to serve as a substrate for molds/fungi (e.g., sporulation). The current review represents an initial attempt to coalesce what is known regarding the likely impacts of climate/CO(2) on plant pollen/fungal spores and associated allergic disease that are, or could be, specific to the Northeast United States. Although the current results indicate a number of potentially unfavorable effects, we wish to stress that the current data are based on a small number of experiments. Additional data are crucial to both reduce epidemiological uncertainty and to derive a robust set of mitigation / adaptation strategies. C1 [Ziska, Lewis H.] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Paul R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Hlth & Global Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Rogers, Christine A.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Ziska, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lziska@asrr.arsusda.gov RI Rogers, Christine/A-2189-2008 OI Rogers, Christine/0000-0003-0887-9606 NR 33 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-2386 J9 MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL JI Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 13 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 607 EP 613 DI 10.1007/s11027-007-9134-1 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V17XM UT WOS:000207969900012 ER PT J AU Cichocki, M Paluszczak, J Szaefer, H Piechowiak, A Rimando, AM Baer-Dubowska, W AF Cichocki, Michal Paluszczak, Jaroslaw Szaefer, Hanna Piechowiak, Adriana Rimando, Agnes M. Baer-Dubowska, Wanda TI Pterostilbene is equally potent as resveratrol in inhibiting 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate activated NF kappa B, AP-1, COX-2, and iNOS in mouse epidermis SO MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE AP-1; COX-2 and iNOS; NF kappa B; Pterostilbene; Resveratrol ID ESTER-INDUCED EXPRESSION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; CANCER; CHEMOPREVENTION; CARCINOGENESIS; KINASE; SKIN; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2; PHOSPHORYLATION; TRANSACTIVATION AB Resveratrol, a phytoalexin present in grapes, has been reported to inhibit multistage mouse skin carcinogenesis. Recent studies showed that topically applied resveratrol significantly inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) induced by tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in mouse epidermis. The aim of the present study was to further explore the effect of resveratrol on TPA-induced signaling pathways in mouse epidermis and to compare with its dimethylether, pterostilbene. Resveratrol and pterostilbene significantly reduced activator protein 1 (AP-1) and NF-kappa B activation. In the case of AP-1, the binding of c-Jun subunit was particularly affected, while only slight effect on c-Fos binding to TPA-responsive element (AP-1 binding consensus sequence) (TRE) site was observed. Both stilbenes inhibited the activation of NF-kappa B by blocking the translocation of p65 to the nucleus and increasing the retention of I kappa Ba in the cytosol. The latter might be related to decreased activity of I kappa B kinase and/or proteasome 20S. Reduced activation of transcription factors decreased the expression and activity of COX-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In most assays, pterostilbene was either equally or significantly more potent than resveratrol. Pterostilbene might show higher biological activity due to its possible better bioavailability, since substitution of hydroxy with methoxy group increases lipophilicity. C1 [Cichocki, Michal; Paluszczak, Jaroslaw; Szaefer, Hanna; Piechowiak, Adriana; Baer-Dubowska, Wanda] Karol Marcinkowski Univ Med Sci, Dept Pharmaceut Biochem, Poznan, Poland. [Rimando, Agnes M.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS USA. RP Baer-Dubowska, W (reprint author), Univ Med Sci, Dept Pharmaceut Biochem, Swiecickiego 4, PL-60781 Poznan, Poland. EM baerw@amp.edu.pl OI Baer-Dubowska, Wanda/0000-0002-6625-5343 FU Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland FX Supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland, grant 2P05F 049 26. NR 28 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1613-4125 J9 MOL NUTR FOOD RES JI Mol. Nutr. Food Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 BP S62 EP S70 DI 10.1002/mnfr.200700466 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 472CC UT WOS:000268105800007 PM 18551458 ER PT J AU Rimando, AM Suh, N AF Rimando, Agnes M. Suh, Nanjoo TI Natural Products and Dietary Prevention of Cancer SO MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rimando, Agnes M.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Suh, Nanjoo] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. RP Rimando, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1613-4125 J9 MOL NUTR FOOD RES JI Mol. Nutr. Food Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 52 BP S5 EP S5 PG 1 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 472CC UT WOS:000268105800001 PM 18567050 ER PT J AU Lindeberg, M Myers, CR Collmer, A Schneider, DJ AF Lindeberg, Magdalen Myers, Christopher R. Collmer, Alan Schneider, David J. TI Roadmap to new virulence determinants in Pseudomonas syringae: Insights from comparative genomics and genome organization SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Review DE Arabidopsis; nonribosomal peptide synthase; pathogenicity island; REP sequence ID PV. TOMATO DC3000; PROTEIN SECRETION SYSTEM; EXTRAGENIC PALINDROMIC SEQUENCES; HRP PATHOGENICITY ISLAND; GLYCINE BETAINE PATHWAY; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; III EFFECTOR; PLANT IMMUNITY; EPIPHYTIC FITNESS; BIOFILM FORMATION AB Systematic comparison of the current repertoire of virulence-associated genes for three Pseudomonas syringae strains with complete genome sequences, P syringae pv. tomato DC3000, P. syringae pv. phaseolicola 1448A, and P. syringae pv. syringae B728a, is prompted by recent advances in virulence factor identification in R syringae and other bacteria. Among these are genes linked to epiphytic fitness, plant- and insect-active toxins, secretion pathways, and virulence regulators, all reflected in the recently updated DC3000 genome annotation. Distribution of virulence genes in relation to P syringae genome organization was analyzed to distinguish patterns of conservation among genomes and association between genes and mobile genetic elements. Variable regions were identified on the basis of deviation in sequence composition and gaps in syntenic alignment among the three genomes. Mapping gene location relative to the genome structure revealed strong segregation of the HrpL regulon with variable genome regions (VR), divergent distribution patterns for toxin genes depending on association with plant or insect pathogenesis, and patterns of distribution for other virulence genes that highlight potential sources of strain-to-strain differences in host interaction. Distribution of VR among other sequenced bacterial genomes was analyzed and future plans for characterization of this potential reservoir of virulence genes are discussed. C1 [Lindeberg, Magdalen; Collmer, Alan; Schneider, David J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Myers, Christopher R.] Cornell Univ, Computat Biol Serv Unit, Ctr Adv Comp, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schneider, David J.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Schneider, DJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM Dave.Schneider@ars.usda.gov RI Schneider, David/H-2236-2012 OI Schneider, David/0000-0002-2124-8385 NR 108 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 21 IS 6 BP 685 EP 700 DI 10.1094/MPMI-21-6-0685 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 301EY UT WOS:000255880400002 PM 18624633 ER PT J AU Zhang, H Kim, MS Sun, Y Dowd, SE Shi, HZ Pare, PW AF Zhang, Huiming Kim, Mi-Seong Sun, Yan Dowd, Scot E. Shi, Huazhong Pare, Paul W. TI Soil bacteria confer plant salt tolerance by tissue-specific regulation of the sodium transporter HKT1 SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE; POTASSIUM UPTAKE; CELL EXPANSION; NA+ EXCLUSION; DURUM-WHEAT; ARABIDOPSIS; ROOTS; ATHKT1; GROWTH; GENE AB Elevated sodium (Na+) decreases plant growth and, thereby, agricultural productivity. The ion transporter high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT)1 controls Na+ import in roots, yet dysfunction or overexpression of HKT1 fails to increase salt tolerance, raising questions as to HKT1's role in regulating Na+ homeostasis. Here, we report that tissue-specific regulation of HKT1 by the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis GB03 confers salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Under salt stress (100 mM NaCl), GB03 concurrently down- and upregulates HKT1 expression in roots and shoots, respectively, resulting in lower Na+ accumulation throughout the plant compared with controls. Consistent with HKT1 participation in GB03-induced salt tolerance, GB03 fails to rescue salt-stressed athkt1 mutants from stunted foliar growth and elevated total Na+ whereas salt-stressed Na+ export mutants sos3 show GB03-induced salt tolerance with enhanced shoot and root growth as well as reduced total Na+. These results demonstrate that tissue-specific regulation of HKT1 is critical for managing Na+ homeostasis in salt-stressed plants, as well as underscore the breadth and sophistication of plant-microbe interactions. C1 [Zhang, Huiming; Kim, Mi-Seong; Sun, Yan; Shi, Huazhong; Pare, Paul W.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Biochem & Biol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Dowd, Scot E.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. RP Pare, PW (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Biochem & Biol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM Paul.Pare@ttu.edu RI Pare, Paul/E-3055-2013; Zhang, Huiming/G-9083-2015; OI Pare, Paul/0000-0003-1644-723X; Shi, Huazhong/0000-0003-3817-9774 NR 44 TC 75 Z9 82 U1 4 U2 34 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 21 IS 6 BP 737 EP 744 DI 10.1094/MPMI-21-6-0737 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 301EY UT WOS:000255880400007 PM 18624638 ER PT J AU Miles, JR Blomberg, LA Krisher, RL Everts, RE Sonstegard, TS Van Tassell, CP Zuelke, KA AF Miles, Jeremy R. Blomberg, Le Ann Krisher, Rebecca L. Everts, Robin E. Sonstegard, Tad S. Van Tassell, Curtis P. Zuelke, Kurt A. TI Comparative transcriptome analysis of in vivo- and in vitro-produced porcine Blastocysts by small amplified RNA-Serial analysis of gene expression (SAR-SAGE) SO MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE in vitro fertilization; embryo culture; gene regulation; transcript profiles ID PREIMPLANTATION BOVINE EMBRYOS; LARGE OFFSPRING SYNDROME; PIG OOCYTES; MESSENGER-RNA; DEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE; ACTIVE MITOCHONDRIA; ENERGY-METABOLISM; FERTILIZATION; CULTURE; GLUCOSE AB Production of embryos in vitro has enormous potential for research and commercial applications. Unfortunately, in vitro production of porcine embryos is extremely inefficient. Despite the characterization of distinct phenotypes, little is known about the molecular mechanisms and altered physiological processes of in vitro-produced embryos. The objective of this study was to compare global gene expression patterns from in vivo- (IVO) and in vitro-produced (IVP) porcine embryos using small amplified RNA-serial analysis of gene expression (SAR-SAGE). Whole-cell RNA from pools of Day 6 NO and IVP blastocysts was used to construct SAR-SAGE libraries. Sequence analysis of the NO and IVP libraries yielded 98,771 and 98,408 tags, respectively. A total of 20,029 and 23,453 putative transcripts were detected in the NO and IVP libraries, respectively. Statistical analyses of SAGE tag frequencies between the NO and IVP libraries indicated that 938 and 193 tags were differentially expressed at a P < 0.05 and P < 0.001 level of significance, respectively, suggesting significant deviations in transcriptome profiles from NO and IVP embryos. Categorization of differentially expressed transcripts into functional groupings indicated a significant deviation in gene expression from IVP blastocysts compared with IVO blastocysts for a number of biological processes including cellular metabolism, organization, and response to stress. Real-time PCR confirmed differential expression for several transcripts from independent NO and IVP blastocysts. These results demonstrate compromised gene expression in IVP blastocysts compared with NO blastocysts for a number of biological processes, particularly processes involved in mitochondrial function; thereby providing potential target pathways for improvement of IVP methods. C1 USDA ARS, Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Krisher, Rebecca L.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Everts, Robin E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sonstegard, Tad S.; Van Tassell, Curtis P.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Blomberg, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Iblomberg@anri.barc.usda.gov RI Miles, Jeremy/A-7572-2009; Zuelke, Kurt/H-8609-2013; OI Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087 NR 60 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1040-452X J9 MOL REPROD DEV JI Mol. Reprod. Dev. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 75 IS 6 BP 976 EP 988 DI 10.1002/mrd.20844 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology GA 296UU UT WOS:000255572100003 PM 18357560 ER PT J AU Molina, R AF Molina, Randy TI Protecting rare, little known, old-growth forest-associated fungi in the Pacific Northwest USA: A case study in fungal conservation SO MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE coarse-fine filter; fungal rarity; fungal reserves; habitat conservation; Northwest Forest Plan ID FIR PSEUDOTSUGA-MENZIESII; SPECIES RICHNESS; CANTHARELLUS-FORMOSUS; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; RHIZOPOGON-VINICOLOR; RDNA SEQUENCES; CASCADE RANGE; ROTATION-AGE; GENE FLOW; SP-NOV AB In 1994, 234 fungal species were listed for protection under the Survey and Manage Programme (SMP) guidelines of the Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP), an area encompassing 9.7 M ha of federal land in the states of Washington, Oregon, and northern California. The fungal species were presumed rare, associated with late-successional old-growth forests, and in need of protection not afforded by the major elements of the NWFP, including a vast system of forest reserves. The SMP guidelines thus called for protecting known sites while gathering information through surveys to learn more about species rarity, distribution, habitat requirements, and persistence concerns. if new information revealed that a species was not rare, not associated with late-successional old-growth forests, or that other aspects of the NWFP guidelines provided for their persistence (e.g. adequate protection provided by forest reserves), the species could be removed from the programme. The first assemblage of known site records from fungal herbaria yielded approximately 3500 records for all listed species. After 12 y of survey the total number of records increased four-fold to approximately 14400 records. Fifty-five percent of species were found at 20 or fewer sites and considered rare; 42 % were found at ten or fewer sites. over the life of the programme, 39 species were removed from the programme primarily because they were no longer considered rare; many were found at several hundred sites throughout the NWFP area. Mapped distributions of known sites varied among species. When viewed across species, however, known sites were well distributed throughout the NWFP area, thus indicating the importance of the entire NWFP area in maintaining this diverse array of fungi. The NWFP relies on a system of late-successional forest reserves to act as a coarse-filter conservation approach to provide protection for late-successional species. Ninety percent of fungal species had some portion of their known sites within reserves, but only 34 % of total sites occurred within reserves. Thus, for the rarest species, applying a fine-filter conservation approach that protects known sites outside of reserves becomes an important aspect of species protection. The SMP became a costly and controversial aspect of the NWFP and underwent several administrative revisions including attempts to end the programme in 2004 and 2007. Regardless of costs and controversy, this conservation programme represents an unprecedented attempt to conserve rare fungal species at a regional scale. One of the more important lessons learned is the absolute need for professional mycologists to develop long-term partnerships with resource managers and other scientists, and apply mycological expertise to complex species and habitat conservation issues in an interdisciplinary setting. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Mycological Society. C1 [Molina, Randy] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Molina, R (reprint author), 625 SE 14th Court, Gresham, OR 97080 USA. EM molinar@onid.orst.edu NR 106 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0953-7562 J9 MYCOL RES JI Mycol. Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 112 BP 613 EP 638 DI 10.1016/j.mycres.2007.12.005 PN 6 PG 26 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 324QH UT WOS:000257532600001 PM 18486464 ER PT J AU Stottlemyer, AD Wang, GG Wells, CE Stottlemyer, DW Waldrop, TA AF Stottlemyer, Aaron D. Wang, G. Geoff Wells, Christina E. Stottlemyer, David W. Waldrop, Thomas A. TI Reducing airborne ectomycorrhizal fungi and growing non-mycorrhizal loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings in a greenhouse SO MYCORRHIZA LA English DT Article DE ectomycorrhizas; soil inoculum potential; bioassays; greenhouse ID QUERCUS-RUBRA SEEDLINGS; GROWTH; SOIL; COLONIZATION AB Atmospheric spores of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi are a potential source of contamination when mycorrhizal studies are performed in the greenhouse, and techniques for minimizing such contamination have rarely been tested. We grew loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) from seed in a greenhouse and inside a high-efficiency particulate air-filtered chamber (HFC) constructed within the same greenhouse. Seedlings were germinated in seven different sand- or soil-based and artificially based growth media. Seedlings grown in the HFC had fewer mycorrhizal short roots than those grown in the open greenhouse atmosphere. Furthermore, the proportion of seedlings from the HFC that were completely non-mycorrhizal was higher than that of seedlings from the greenhouse atmosphere. Seedlings grown in sterilized, artificially based growth media (> 50% peat moss, vermiculite, and/or perlite by volume) had fewer mycorrhizal short roots than those grown in sand- or soil-based media. The HFC described here can minimize undesirable ECM colonization of host seedlings in greenhouse bioassays. In addition, the number of non-mycorrhizal seedlings can be maximized when the HFC is used in combination with artificially based growth media. C1 [Stottlemyer, Aaron D.; Wang, G. Geoff] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Wells, Christina E.] Clemson Univ, Dept Hort, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Stottlemyer, David W.] RamTech Inc, Chambersburg, PA 17201 USA. [Waldrop, Thomas A.] USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Wang, GG (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM gwang@clemson.edu NR 23 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0940-6360 J9 MYCORRHIZA JI Mycorrhiza PD JUN PY 2008 VL 18 IS 5 BP 269 EP 275 DI 10.1007/s00572-008-0176-3 PG 7 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 315XG UT WOS:000256912900006 PM 18481117 ER PT J AU Lawrence, KS Price, AJ Lawrence, GW Jones, JR Akridge, JR AF Lawrence, K. S. Price, A. J. Lawrence, G. W. Jones, J. R. Akridge, J. R. TI WEED HOSTS FOR ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS IN COTTON FIELDS ROTATED WITH CORN IN THE SOUTHEAST UNITED STATES SO NEMATROPICA LA English DT Article DE Alabama cropping systems; Gossypium hirsutum; reniform nematode; Rotylenchulus reniformis; weed hosts; Zea mays AB The reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) is the primary economical nematode pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) in the southern states of Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Corn (Zea mays), a non-host to R. reniformis, is the principal crop rotated with cotton to reduce R. reniformis populations. In recent years, failure to manage the nematode populations have been attributed to non-controlled common weed species growing in fields farmed under the cotton-corn rotation system. The important role played by 43 weed species in sustaining reniform nematode populations in these fields was confirmed in greenhouse, microplot and field experiments. In the greenhouse, the majority of dicotyledonous weed species tested served as hosts for R. reniformis, while the monocots did not. In field microplot studies, individual weed species (Ipomoea hederacea, I. lacunosa, I. purpurea, and Senna obtusifolia) growing in association with corn increased R. reniformis nematode populations. In field trials where corn plots were treated with only a preemergence herbicide, non-controlled weed species sustained R. reniformis populations as compared to the weed-free treatments. Season long weed management during the corn rotation system is an essential agronomic practice to obtain the full benefit of the rotation, and to effectively suppress R. reniformis populations. C1 [Lawrence, K. S.] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Price, A. J.; Jones, J. R.] Auburn Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Lawrence, G. W.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Akridge, J. R.] Auburn Univ, Brewton Expt Stn, Brewton, AL USA. RP Lawrence, KS (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM lawrekk@auburn.edu NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ORGANIZATION TROP AMER NEMATOLOGISTS PI AUBURN PA AUBURN UNIV DEPT PLANT PATHOLOGY, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA SN 0099-5444 J9 NEMATROPICA JI Nematropica PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 1 BP 13 EP 22 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA V10PO UT WOS:000207476100002 ER PT J AU Hamill, JE Thomas, JE Ou, LT Allen, LH Kokalis-Burelle, N Dickson, DW AF Hamill, J. E. Thomas, J. E. Ou, L. -T. Allen, L. H., Jr. Kokalis-Burelle, N. Dickson, D. W. TI EFFECTS OF REDUCED RATES OF TELONE C35 AND METHYL BROMIDE IN CONJUNCTION WITH VIRTUALLY IMPERMEABLE FILM ON WEEDS AND ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES SO NEMATROPICA LA English DT Article DE 1,3-dichloropropene; chloropicrin; cucumber; Cyperus spp.; K-Pam; Meloidogyne spp.; metam potassium; methyl bromide; nutsedge; root-knot nematode; Telone C35; squash; tomato; virtually impermeable film; VIF AB Two field trials were conducted in Florida in 2004 to test the efficacy of reduced rates of the fumigants methyl bromide (67% methyl bromide plus 33% chloropicrin) and Telone C35(1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), 65% plus chloropicrin 35%) in combination with virtually impermeable film (VIF) and standard low density polyethylene (LDPE) film. In spring grown tomato, reducing rates of methyl bromide by 25% under VIF provided comparable control to full rates with regard to nutsedge (mixture of purple and yellow). All fumigants performed better with regard to nutsedge control under VIF than under LDPE. Root-galling, caused by Meloidogyne spp. juveniles (J2) in soil, and marketable yields in reduced rates of methyl bromide were also similar to the full rate regardless of film type. Plots treated with Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha in conjunction with VIF reduced nutsedge densities, had lower gall ratings, and had higher marketable yields than nontreated plots, but were not comparable to methyl bromide. Reducing rates of Telone C35 by 25 and 50% had negative impacts on yield compared to all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha, regardless of film type. In double-cropped cucumber, none of the treatments had gall-ratings different than nontreated plots. In autumn grown squash, all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 treatments had higher marketable yields and lower gall ratings than nontreated plots. Plots treated with Telone C35 using VIF had the lowest nutsedge densities. All methyl bromide treatments under VIF had lower nutsedge densities than nontreated plots. Plots that were treated with chloropicrin or chloropicrin plus metam potassium as an in-bed treatment had higher nutsedge densities than nontreated plots. C1 [Hamill, J. E.; Dickson, D. W.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Thomas, J. E.; Ou, L. -T.] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Allen, L. H., Jr.] USDA, ARS Crop Sci & Environm Res, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kokalis-Burelle, N.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Dickson, DW (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM dwd@ufl.edu NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ORGANIZATION TROP AMER NEMATOLOGISTS PI AUBURN PA AUBURN UNIV DEPT PLANT PATHOLOGY, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA SN 0099-5444 J9 NEMATROPICA JI Nematropica PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 1 BP 37 EP 46 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA V10PO UT WOS:000207476100004 ER PT J AU Walters, SA Bond, JP Russell, JB Taylor, BH Handoo, ZA AF Walters, S. A. Bond, J. P. Russell, J. B. Taylor, B. H. Handoo, Z. A. TI INCIDENCE AND INFLUENCE OF PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES IN SOUTHERN ILLINOIS PEACH ORCHARDS SO NEMATROPICA LA English DT Article DE Helicotylenchus; Hoplolaimus; Meloidogyne; Mesocriconema; Paratylenchus; Pratylenchus; Prunus persica; survey; Tylenchorhynchus; Tylenchus; Xiphinema AB The frequency, distribution and impact of plant-parasitic nematodes in southern Illinois peach orchards were determined. Nine plant-parasitic nematode genera were detected comprising 11 species: Helicotylenchus platyurus, Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus, Hoplolaimus spp., Meloidogyne spp., Mesocriconema xenoplax, Paratylenchus dianthus, Paratylenchus projectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, Pratylenchus vulnus, Tylenchorhynchus annulatus, Tylenchorhynchus claytoni, Tylenchus hamatus and Xiphinema americanum. Generally, Helicotylenchus, Mesocriconema, Paratylenchus, and Xiphinema were found at the highest densities. In the Prunus rootstock evaluation, growth and yield reductions of the scion 'Redhaven' depended on the rootstock and were associated with nematode population densities. Xiphinema populations were most closely linked to reductions in 'Redhaven' fruit yield and plant growth across a wide range of rootstocks. Our results indicate that Mesocriconema, Pratylenchus, and Xiphinema maintain populations that can limit peach production in southern Illinois. C1 [Walters, S. A.; Bond, J. P.; Russell, J. B.; Taylor, B. H.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Handoo, Z. A.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Plant Sci Inst,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Walters, SA (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM awalters@siu.edu NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ORGANIZATION TROP AMER NEMATOLOGISTS PI AUBURN PA AUBURN UNIV DEPT PLANT PATHOLOGY, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA SN 0099-5444 J9 NEMATROPICA JI Nematropica PD JUN PY 2008 VL 38 IS 1 BP 63 EP 74 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA V10PO UT WOS:000207476100006 ER PT J AU Mebrahtu, T Devine, TE AF Mebrahtu, T. Devine, T. E. TI Combining ability analysis for selected green pod yield components of vegetable soybean genotypes (Glycine max) SO NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF CROP AND HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE vegetable soybean; Glycine max; accession; combining ability; diallel; edamame; green yield components; pod dimensions AB Few studies have evaluated vegetable soybean (Glycine max) for green pod yield components. Information on combining ability and the type of gene action that governs the inheritance of economically important quantitative characters can help breeders to select suitable parents and devise an appropriate breeding strategy. Ten vegetable soybean accessions were crossed in a complete diallel mating design. This study showed that estimates of both the combining ability (general and specific), and reciprocal variances were significant for plant height, hundred pod weight, and pod dimensions (pod length, pod width, and pod thickness). The performances of the parents for the green pod yield components studied were highly associated with their general combining ability effects. Four parents-'Kanrich', 'Pella', V81-1603, and PI 399055,, were good general combiners for hundred pod weight and thus could be used in breeding programmes to develop genotypes with large pod size. C1 [Mebrahtu, T.] Virginia State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. [Devine, T. E.] ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mebrahtu, T (reprint author), Virginia State Univ, Agr Res Stn, POB 9061, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. EM tmebraht@vsu.edu; devineT@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU RSNZ PUBLISHING PI WELLINGTON PA PO BOX 598, WELLINGTON, 00000, NEW ZEALAND SN 0114-0671 J9 NEW ZEAL J CROP HORT JI N. Z. J. Crop Hortic. Sci. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 2 BP 97 EP 105 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 333SX UT WOS:000258173800002 ER PT J AU Kittredge, DB D'Amato, AW Catanzaro, P Fish, J Butler, B AF Kittredge, David B. D'Amato, Anthony W. Catanzaro, Paul Fish, Jennifer Butler, Brett TI Estimating ownerships and parcels of nonindustrial private forestland in Massachusetts SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE nonindustrial private forest; parcelization; ownership; forest owners ID ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; WOODLAND OWNERS; LAND AB Woodland ownership for three regions of Massachusetts is estimated using property tax assessor data. These data are nonspatially explicit and are based on commercial, industrial, residential, or other activity rather than actual land cover. A heuristic was used to aggregate similar parcels to provide an estimate of actual landownership. The estimated average statewide ownership is 17.9 ac, and when properties less than 10 ac are excluded, the average rises to 42.5 a(. The median ownership varies from east to west in the state across the spectrum of suburban development radiating from the metropolitan Boston area, with the median being 4.8, 7.8, and 8.6 ac in the eastern, central, and western part of the state, respectively. These results are compared with ownership estimates generated by the US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis. C1 [Kittredge, David B.; Catanzaro, Paul] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Kittredge, David B.] Harvard Univ, Petersham, MA 01366 USA. [D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fish, Jennifer] Massachusetts Dept Conservat & Recreat, Bureau Forestry, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Butler, Brett] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Kittredge, DB (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM dbk@nrc.umass.edu; damato@umn.edu; eat@umext.umass.edu; jennifer.fish@state.ma.us; bbutler01@fs.fed.us NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 25 IS 2 BP 93 EP 98 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 304OG UT WOS:000256118200006 ER PT J AU Leak, WB Gove, JH AF Leak, William B. Gove, Jeffrey H. TI Growth of northern hardwoods in new England: A 25-year update SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE northern hardwoods; stand density; stand structure; growth AB Twenty-five-year results from a study of four stand density levels and three percentages of sawtimber in a beech-red maple-birch-hemlock stand in New Hampshire showed that moderate stand densities of 60- to 80-ft(2)/ac with 25- to 30-ft(2) of sawtimber produced the best growth responses. Ingrowth was dominated by beech, red maple, and hemlock. Treatments with low initial numbers of poletimber stems had well-developed J-shaped or slightly sigmoid diameter distributions after 25 years. Results apply to the first entries into northern hardwood stands of moderate vigor and quality. C1 [Leak, William B.; Gove, Jeffrey H.] US Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Leak, WB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, POB 640, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM bleak@fs.fed.us; jhgove@hypatia.unh.edu NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 25 IS 2 BP 103 EP 105 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 304OG UT WOS:000256118200008 ER PT J AU Kochenderfer, JD Kochenderfer, JN AF Kochenderfer, Jeffrey D. Kochenderfer, James N. TI Efficacy of stem injection treatments on striped maple in central West Virginia SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE herbicides; striped maple; efficacy; stem injection ID BEECH AB Hack-and-squirt injection treatments were applied to individual striped maple (Acer pennsylvanicum Q stems and to the largest stem in sprout clumps in a 25-year-old clearcut in central West Virginia to evaluate seasonal efficacy of imazapyr as Arsenal (28.7%) and glyphosate as Glypro Plus (41.0%) in water carriers. Complete control of injected stems was achieved with all treatments. However, the Arsenal treatments resulted in greater control of basal sprouting, untreated striped maple stems, and sprout clumps. Treatment efficacies were higher in September than in June. Land managers can use the application methods A described here and a 6% solution of Arsenal to effectively control individual striped maple stems and sprout clumps. C1 [Kochenderfer, Jeffrey D.] Monongahela Natl Forest, US Forest Serv, Petersburg, WV 26847 USA. [Kochenderfer, James N.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Kochenderfer, JD (reprint author), Monongahela Natl Forest, US Forest Serv, HC 59 Box 240, Petersburg, WV 26847 USA. EM jdkocbenderfer@fs.fed.us NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 25 IS 2 BP 106 EP 108 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 304OG UT WOS:000256118200009 ER PT J AU Slauson, KM Truex, RL Zielinski, WJ AF Slauson, Keith M. Truex, Richard L. Zielinski, William J. TI Determining the gender of American martens and fishers at track plate stations SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HABITAT MODELS; CALIFORNIA; CARNIVORES; ABUNDANCE; USA AB Determining the gender of American martens (Martes americana) and fishers (M. pennanti) from track plate stations would significantly augment the information currently gathered from this simple and inexpensive survey method. We used track-plate impressions collected from captured individual martens and fishers of known gender to develop methods to distinguish the gender from tracks. We collected marten tracks from two subspecies M. a. sierrae (tracks n = 54, individuals m = 12, 17 = 8) and M. a. humboldtensis (tracks n = 109, individuals m = 10, f = 9). We developed a model for martens which performed extremely well (91 - 100%) using only total track length. For fishers, we collected 64 tracks (from 7 males, 17 females) and developed a 3-variable model, using interdigital pad height, interdigital pad width, and total track length, which correctly classified 98.6% of the tracks. We evaluated track quality on 129 sheets of contact paper collected during summer (dry-season) and 137 sheets collected during fall (wet-season); 100% of dry season compared to 51% of wet season sheets had suitable quality tracks. Gender discrimination of Martes tracks can be used to investigate gender differences in distribution and habitat (associations), but the generality of these findings to other populations is undetermined. C1 [Slauson, Keith M.; Zielinski, William J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Truex, Richard L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Stn, Porterville, CA 93257 USA. RP Slauson, KM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM kslauson@fs.fed.us NR 33 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PI PULLMAN PA PO BOX 645020, PULLMAN, WA 99164-5910 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD SUM PY 2008 VL 82 IS 3 BP 185 EP 198 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 345IU UT WOS:000258990700004 ER PT J AU Kahlon, TS Chiu, MCM Chapman, MH AF Kahlon, Talwinder Singh Chiu, Mei-Chen M. Chapman, Mary H. TI Steam cooking significantly improves in vitro bile acid binding of collard greens, kale, mustard greens, broccoli, green bell pepper, and cabbage SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE in vitro; bile acid binding; collard greens; kale; mustard greens; broccoli; Brussels sprouts; spinach; green bell pepper; cabbage ID CICER-ARIETINUM; RICE BRAN; OAT BRAN; CHOLESTEROL; SALTS; CHOLESTYRAMINE; COMPONENTS; EXCRETION; HAMSTER; ENZYMES AB Bile acid binding capacity has been related to the cholesterol-lowering potential of foods and food fractions. Lowered recirculation of bile acids results in utilization of cholesterol to synthesize bile acid and reduced fat absorption. Secondary bile acids have been associated with increased risk of cancer. Bile acid binding potential has been related to lowering the risk of heart disease and that of cancer. Previously, we have reported bile acid binding by several uncooked vegetables. However, most vegetables are consumed after cooking. How cooking would influence in vitro bile acid binding of various vegetables was investigated using a mixture of bile acids secreted in human bile under physiological conditions. Eight replicate incubations were conducted for each treatment simulating gastric and intestinal digestion, which included a substrate only, a bile acid mixture only, and 6 with substrate and bile acid mixture. Cholestyramine (a cholesterol-lowering, bile acid binding drug) was the positive control treatment and cellulose was the negative control. Relative to cholestyramine, in vitro bile acid binding on dry matter basis was for the collard greens, kale, and mustard greens, 13%; broccoli, 10%; Brussels sprouts and spinach, 8%; green bell pepper, 7%; and cabbage, 5%. These results point to the significantly different (P <= .05) health-promoting potential of collard greens = kale = mustard greens > broccoli > Brussels sprouts = spinach = green bell pepper > cabbage as indicated by their bile acid binding on dry matter basis. Steam cooking significantly improved the in vitro bile acid binding of collard greens, kale, mustard greens, broccoli, green bell pepper, and cabbage compared with previously observed bile acid binding values for these vegetables raw (uncooked). Inclusion of steam-cooked collard greens, kale, mustard greens, broccoli, green bell pepper, and cabbage in our daily diet as health-promoting vegetables should be emphasized. These green/leafy vegetables, when consumed regularly after steam cooking, would lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer, advance human nutrition research, and improve public health. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kahlon, Talwinder Singh; Chiu, Mei-Chen M.; Chapman, Mary H.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kahlon, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM talwinder.kahlon@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 28 IS 6 BP 351 EP 357 DI 10.1016/j.nutres.2008.03.007 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 312TW UT WOS:000256694700001 PM 19083431 ER PT J AU Cao, HP Urban, JF Anderson, RA AF Cao, Heping Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Anderson, Richard A. TI Insulin increases tristetraprolin and decreases VEGF gene expression in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes SO OBESITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Scientific Meeting of the Obesity-Society CY OCT 20-24, 2007 CL New Orleans, LA SP Obesity Soc ID ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; FACTOR MESSENGER-RNA; ZINC-FINGER PROTEIN; AU-RICH ELEMENT; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; SIGNALING PATHWAY; CELLS; ADIPOGENESIS; INFLAMMATION AB Objectives: Tristetraprolin (TTP) family proteins (TTP/ZFP36; ZFP36L1, ZFP36L2, ZFP36L3) destabilize adenylate uridylate-rich element-containing mRNAs encoding cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Little is known about the expression and insulin regulation of TTP and related genes in adipocytes. We analyzed the relative abundance of TTP family mRNAs in 3T3-L1 adipocytes compared to RAW264.7 macrophages and investigated insulin effects on the expression of 43 genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Methods and Procedures: Insulin was added to mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Relative abundance of mRNA levels was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. TTP and ZFP36L1 proteins were detected by immunoblotting. Results: Zfp36l1 and Zfp36l2 genes were expressed at eight- to tenfold higher than Ttp in adipocytes. Zfp36l3 mRNA was detected at similar to 1% of Ttp mRNA levels in adipocytes and its low level expression was confirmed in RAW cells. Insulin at 10 and 100 nmol/l increased Ttp mRNA levels by five- to sevenfold, but decreased those of Zfp36l3 by 40% in adipocytes after a 30-min treatment. Immunoblotting showed that insulin induced TTP but did not affect ZFP36L1 protein levels in adipocytes. Insulin decreased mRNA levels of Vegf and a number of other genes in adipocytes. Discussion: Insulin induced Ttp mRNA and protein expression and decreased Vegf mRNA levels in adipocytes. Zfp36l3 mRNA was detected, for the first time, in cells other than mouse placenta and extraembryonic tissues. This study established a basis for the investigation of TTP and VEGF genes in the regulation of obesity and suggested that Vegf mRNA may be a target of TTP in fat cells. C1 [Cao, Heping; Urban, Joseph F., Jr.; Anderson, Richard A.] USDA ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Cao, HP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. EM Heping.Cao@ars.usda.gov OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 NR 59 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JUN PY 2008 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1208 EP 1218 DI 10.1038/oby.2008.65 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 307XU UT WOS:000256353700008 PM 18388887 ER PT J AU D'Eon, TM Rogers, NH Stancheva, ZS Greenberg, AS AF D'Eon, Tara M. Rogers, Nicole H. Stancheva, Zlatina S. Greenberg, Andrew S. TI Estradiol and the estradiol metabolite, 2-hydroxyestradiol, activate AMP-activated protein kinase in C2C12 myotubes SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; EARLY POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; FATTY-ACID OXIDATION; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; MEMBRANE; WEIGHT; RATS; GLUCOSE; TISSUES AB Objective: Systemic loss of estradiol (E2) during menopause is associated with increased adiposity which can be prevented with E2 replacement. Rodent studies suggest that E2, or lack of, is a key mediator in menopause-related metabolic changes. We have previously demonstrated that E2 treatment produces a rapid, dose-dependent activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in murine skeletal muscle. Activation of AMPK is implicated in the therapeutic benefits of many insulin sensitizing agents including metformin and thiazolidinediones. Here, we expand our observations and provide novel data which demonstrate that in addition to E2, its metabolite 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-HE2), activate AMPK in C2C12 myotubes. Methods and Procedures: C2C12 myotubes were used to examine the effects on E2 and the by-products of its metabolism on AMPK activation. Results: Low concentrations of E2 (10 and 100 nmol/l) were found to increase AMPK phosphorylation by similar to 1.6-fold, while a higher concentration (10 mu mol/l) resulted in a similar to 3.0-fold increase. In comparison to E2 treatment alone, incubation of myotubes with E2 and 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT) (a CYP450 inhibitor that blocks metabolism of E2) caused AMPK activation to be enhanced at low E2 concentrations, but attenuated at higher concentrations. The effects of ABT suggested that one or more E2 metabolites contribute to the maximal activation of AMPK at high E2 concentrations. Indeed, the estrogen metabolite 2-HE2, but not 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME2), directly activated AMPK in C2C12 myotubes. Discussion: We propose a model where E2, acting through its metabolite 2-HE2 and the estrogen receptors (ERs), activates AMPK in myotubes. Finally, activation is abolished when all E2 is metabolized to 2-ME2. C1 [D'Eon, Tara M.; Rogers, Nicole H.; Stancheva, Zlatina S.; Greenberg, Andrew S.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP D'Eon, TM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM andrew.greenberg@tufts.edu RI Rogers, nicole/J-4838-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [NIH R01 DK50647, R01 DK050647] NR 31 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JUN PY 2008 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1284 EP 1288 DI 10.1038/oby.2008.50 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 307XU UT WOS:000256353700018 PM 18421261 ER PT J AU Ward, DM Nislow, KH Folt, CL AF Ward, Darren M. Nislow, Keith H. Folt, Carol L. TI Predators reverse the direction of density dependence for juvenile salmon mortality SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE generalist predator; inverse density dependence; predator swamping; salmon restoration; stream fish ID SCULPIN COTTUS-COGNATUS; AGE-0 ATLANTIC SALMON; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BROWN TROUT; FRESH-WATER; FISH POPULATIONS; UNITED-STATES; SMALL STREAM; MARINE FISH; REEF FISHES AB The effect of predators on prey populations depends on how predator-caused mortality changes with prey population density. Predators can enforce density-dependent prey mortality and contribute to population stability, but only if they have a positive numerical or behavioral response to increased prey density. Otherwise, predator saturation can result in inversely density-dependent mortality, destabilizing prey populations and increasing extinction risk. Juvenile salmon and trout provide some of the clearest empirical examples of density-dependent mortality in animal populations. However, although juvenile salmon are very vulnerable to predators, the demographic effects of predators on juvenile salmon are unknown. We tested the interactive effects of predators and population density on the mortality of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) using controlled releases of salmon in natural streams. We introduced newly hatched juvenile salmon at three population density treatments in six study streams, half of which contained slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus), a common generalist predator (18 release sites in total, repeated over two summers). Sculpin reversed the direction of density dependence for juvenile salmon mortality. Salmon mortality was density dependent in streams with no sculpin, but inversely density dependent in streams where sculpin were abundant. Such predator-mediated inverse density dependence is especially problematic for prey populations suppressed by other factors, thereby presenting a fundamental challenge to persistence of rare populations and restoration of extirpated populations. C1 [Ward, Darren M.; Folt, Carol L.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, USDA USFS, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Ward, DM (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM darren.ward@dartmouth.edu RI Ward, Darren/F-1203-2010; Ward, Darren/A-5107-2010 OI Ward, Darren/0000-0002-0049-5299; FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 07373] NR 61 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JUN PY 2008 VL 156 IS 3 BP 515 EP 522 DI 10.1007/s00442-008-1011-4 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 298HY UT WOS:000255680000004 PM 18317816 ER PT J AU James, JJ Davies, KW Sheley, RL Aanderud, ZT AF James, J. J. Davies, K. W. Sheley, R. L. Aanderud, Z. T. TI Linking nitrogen partitioning and species abundance to invasion resistance in the Great Basin SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE cheatgrass; Great Basin; medusahead; niche; nitrogen ID BROMUS-TECTORUM L.; PLANT DIVERSITY; SOIL-NITROGEN; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; MOJAVE DESERT; GROWTH; GRASSLAND AB Resource partitioning has been suggested as an important mechanism of invasion resistance. The relative importance of resource partitioning for invasion resistance, however, may depend on how species abundance is distributed in the plant community. This study had two objectives. First, we quantified the degree to which one resource, nitrogen (N), is partitioned by time, depth and chemical form among coexisting species from different functional groups by injecting (15)N into soils around the study species three times during the growing season, at two soil depths and as two chemical forms. A watering treatment also was applied to evaluate the impact of soil water content on N partitioning. Second, we examined the degree to which native functional groups contributed to invasion resistance by seeding a non-native annual grass into plots where bunchgrasses, perennial forbs or annual forbs had been removed. Bunchgrasses and forbs differed in timing, depth and chemical form of N capture, and these patterns of N partitioning were not affected by soil water content. However, when we incorporated abundance (biomass) with these relative measures of N capture to determine N sequestration by the community there was no evidence suggesting that functional groups partitioned different soil N pools. Instead, dominant bunchgrasses acquired the most N from all soil N pools. Consistent with these findings we also found that bunchgrasses were the only functional group that inhibited annual grass establishment. At natural levels of species abundance, N partitioning may facilitate coexistence but may not necessarily contribute to N sequestration and invasion resistance by the plant community. This suggests that a general mechanism of invasion resistance may not be expected across systems. Instead, the key mechanism of invasion resistance within a system may depend on trait variation among coexisting species and on how species abundance is distributed in the system. C1 [James, J. J.; Davies, K. W.; Sheley, R. L.; Aanderud, Z. T.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Aanderud, Z. T.] Michigan State Univ, Wk Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. RP James, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM jeremy.james@oregonstate.edu NR 68 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 5 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JUN PY 2008 VL 156 IS 3 BP 637 EP 648 DI 10.1007/s00442-008-1015-0 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 298HY UT WOS:000255680000015 PM 18343954 ER PT J AU Gil, IS Sheldon, W Schmidt, T Servilla, M Aguilar, R Gries, C Gray, T Field, D Cole, J Pan, JY Palanisamy, G Henshaw, D O'Brien, M Kinkel, L McMahon, K Kottmann, R Amaral-Zettler, L Hobbie, J Goldstein, P Guralnick, RP Brunt, J Michener, WK AF Gil, Inigo San Sheldon, Wade Schmidt, Tom Servilla, Mark Aguilar, Raul Gries, Corinna Gray, Tanya Field, Dawn Cole, James Pan, Jerry Yun Palanisamy, Giri Henshaw, Donald O'Brien, Margaret Kinkel, Linda McMahon, Katherine Kottmann, Renzo Amaral-Zettler, Linda Hobbie, John Goldstein, Philip Guralnick, Robert P. Brunt, James Michener, William K. TI Defining linkages between the GSC and NSF's LTER program: How the Ecological Metadata Language (EML) relates to GCDML and other outcomes SO OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Genomic Standards Consortium Workshop CY JUN 06-08, 2007 CL Cambridge, ENGLAND AB The Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC) invited a representative of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) to its fifth workshop to present the Ecological Metadata Language (EML) metadata standard and its relationship to the Minimum Information about a Genome/Metagenome Sequence (MIGS/MIMS) and its implementation, the Genomic Contextual Data Markup Language (GCDML). The LTER is one of the top National Science Foundation (NSF) programs in biology since 1980, representing diverse ecosystems and creating long-term, interdisciplinary research, synthesis of information, and theory. The adoption of EML as the LTER network standard has been key to building network synthesis architectures based on high-quality standardized metadata. EML is the NSF-recognized metadata standard for LTER, and EML is a criteria used to review the LTER program progress. At the workshop, a potential crosswalk between the GCDML and EML was explored. Also, collaboration between the LTER and GSC developers was proposed to join efforts toward a common metadata cataloging designer's tool. The community adoption success of a metadata standard depends, among other factors, on the tools and trainings developed to use the standard. LTER's experience in embracing EML may help GSC to achieve similar success. A possible collaboration between LTER and GSC to provide training opportunities for GCDML and the associated tools is being explored. Finally, LTER is investigating EML enhancements to better accommodate genomics data, possibly integrating the GCDML schema into EML. All these action items have been accepted by the LTER contingent, and further collaboration between the GSC and LTER is expected. C1 [Gil, Inigo San; Servilla, Mark; Brunt, James; Michener, William K.] Univ New Mexico, LTER Network Off, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Sheldon, Wade] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Schmidt, Tom; Cole, James] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Aguilar, Raul; Gries, Corinna] Global Inst Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ USA. [Gray, Tanya; Field, Dawn] NERC, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Oxford OX1 3SR, England. [Pan, Jerry Yun; Palanisamy, Giri] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Henshaw, Donald] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. [O'Brien, Margaret] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kinkel, Linda] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [McMahon, Katherine] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kottmann, Renzo] Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, Microbial Genom Grp, Bremen, Germany. [Kottmann, Renzo] Univ Bremen, Bremen, Germany. [Amaral-Zettler, Linda] Marine Biol Lab, Josephine Bay Paul Ctr Comparat Mol Biol & Evol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Hobbie, John] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Goldstein, Philip; Guralnick, Robert P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Goldstein, Philip; Guralnick, Robert P.] Univ Colorado, Museum Nat Hist, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Gil, IS (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, LTER Network Off, Dept Biol, MSC03 2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM isangil@lternet.edu RI Guralnick, Rob/E-7767-2010; Field, Dawn/C-1653-2010; Brunt, James/G-9843-2011; OI Brunt, James/0000-0001-9174-4408; Gray, Tanya/0000-0003-1561-7364; Gries, Corinna/0000-0002-9091-6543; Servilla, Mark/0000-0002-3192-7306; McMahon, Katherine D./0000-0002-7038-026X; Schmidt, Thomas/0000-0002-8209-6055 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1536-2310 J9 OMICS JI OMICS PD JUN PY 2008 VL 12 IS 2 BP 151 EP 156 DI 10.1089/omi.2008.0015 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 321PT UT WOS:000257319700007 PM 18407745 ER PT J AU Wang, SF Zhang, AJ AF Wang, Shifa Zhang, Aijun TI An improved copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of alkyl triflates with primary alkyl Grignard reagents SO ORGANIC PREPARATIONS AND PROCEDURES INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID STEREOSELECTIVE-SYNTHESIS; ESTERS; TOSYLATES; HALIDES; ARYL; POLYMERIZATION; SOLVOLYSES; CHLORIDES; NETWORK; MILD C1 [Zhang, Aijun] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC W, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wang, Shifa] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Wang, Shifa] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Chem Engn, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, AJ (reprint author), ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC W, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM aijun.zhang@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0030-4948 J9 ORG PREP PROCED INT JI Org. Prep. Proced. Int. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 3 BP 293 EP 301 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 314PU UT WOS:000256822100002 ER PT J AU Bergen, KM Zhao, T Kharuk, V Blam, Y Brown, DG Peterson, LK Miller, N AF Bergen, K. M. Zhao, T. Kharuk, V. Blam, Y. Brown, D. G. Peterson, L. K. Miller, N. TI Changing regimes: Forested land cover dynamics in Central Siberia 1974 to 2001 SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID BOREAL FORESTS; CARBON; RUSSIA; DISTURBANCE; MANAGEMENT; LANDSAT-7 AB The twentieth century saw fundamental shifts in northern Eurasian political and land-management paradigms, in Russia culminating in the political transition of 1991, We used the 1972 to 2001 Landsat archive bracketing this transition to observe change trends in southern central Siberian Russia in primarily forested study sites. Landsat resolved conifer, mixed, deciduous and young forest; cuts, burns, and insect disturbance; and wetland, agriculture, bare, urban, and water land covers. Over 70 percent of forest area in the three study sites was likely disturbed prior to 1974. Conifer forest decreased over the 1974 to 2001 study period, with the greatest decrease 1974 to 1990. Logging activity (primarily in conifers) declined more during the 1991 to 2001 post-Soviet period. The area of Young forest increased more during the 1974 to 1990 time period. Deciduous forest increased over both time periods. Agriculture declined over both time periods contributing to forest regrowth in this region. C1 [Bergen, K. M.; Brown, D. G.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Zhao, T.] Florida State Univ, Dept Geog, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Kharuk, V.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. [Blam, Y.] Inst Econ & Ind Engn, Dept Econ Informat, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Peterson, L. K.] US Forest Serv, Int Programs Outreach & Partnerships Unit, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Miller, N.] Radiance Technol Inc, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Miller, N.] ERIM Int, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Bergen, KM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM kbergen@umich.edu RI Zhao, Tingting/C-7914-2013; Brown, Daniel/L-8089-2013 OI Brown, Daniel/0000-0001-6023-5950 NR 47 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 74 IS 6 BP 787 EP 798 PG 12 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 312UH UT WOS:000256695900011 ER PT J AU Baligar, VC Bunce, JA Machado, RCR Elson, MK AF Baligar, V. C. Bunce, J. A. Machado, R. C. R. Elson, M. K. TI Photosynthetic photon flux density, carbon dioxide concentration, and vapor pressure deficit effects on photosynthesis in cacao seedlings SO PHOTOSYNTHETICA LA English DT Article DE leaf internal CO(2) concentration; net photosynthesis; stomatal conductance; Theobroma cacao; transpiration rate ID LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; THEOBROMA-CACAO; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; CO2 CONCENTRATION; IRRADIANCE LEVEL; GAS-EXCHANGE; RESPONSES; GROWTH; HUMIDITY; CONDUCTANCE AB Independent short-term effects of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 50-400 mu mol m(-2) s(-1), external CO(2) concentration (C(a)) of 85-850 cm(3) m(-3), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) of 0.9-2.2 kPa on net photosynthetic rate (P(N)), stomatal conductance (g(s)), leaf internal CO(2) concentration (C(i)), and transpiration rates (E) were investigated in three cacao genotypes. In all these genotypes, increasing PPFD from 50 to 400 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) increased P(N) by about 50 %, but further increases in PPFD up to 1 500 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) had no effect on P(N). Increasing C(a) significantly increased P(N) and C(i) while g(s) and E decreased more strongly than in most trees that have been studied. In all genotypes, increasing VPD reduced P(N), but the slight decrease in g(s) and the slight increase in C(i) with increasing VPD were non-significant. Increasing VPD significantly increased E and this may have caused the reduction in P(N). The unusually small response of g(s) to VPD could limit the ability of cacao to grow where VPD is high. There were no significant differences in gas exchange characteristics (g(s), C(i), E) among the three cacao genotypes under any measurement conditions. C1 [Baligar, V. C.; Elson, M. K.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Bunce, J. A.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Machado, R. C. R.] Mars Ctr Cacao Sci, Itajuipe, BA, Brazil. RP Baligar, VC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. EM VC.Baligar@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-3604 J9 PHOTOSYNTHETICA JI Photosynthetica PD JUN PY 2008 VL 46 IS 2 BP 216 EP 221 DI 10.1007/s11099-008-0035-7 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 307TF UT WOS:000256340500008 ER PT J AU Lopez, AB Yang, Y Thannhauser, TW Li, L AF Lopez, Alex B. Yang, Yong Thannhauser, Theodore W. Li, Li TI Phytoene desaturase is present in a large protein complex in the plastid membrane SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID BLUE NATIVE ELECTROPHORESIS; BETA-CAROTENE ACCUMULATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; BRASSICA-OLERACEA; CHLOROPLAST IMPORT; ZETA-CAROTENE; BIOSYNTHESIS; EXPRESSION; ENZYMES; GENE AB Phytoene desaturase (PDS; EC 1.14.99.-) represents one of the key enzymes in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway and is present in nearly all types of plastids in plants. To further characterize PDS, we isolated the PDS cDNA from cauliflower (BoPDS) and confirmed its function by heterologous expression in a strain of Escherichia coli containing a carotenoid-producing plasmid. The BoPDS cDNA encodes a predicted mature protein of approximately 55 kDa. In comparison with PDS from a few other plant species, BoPDS exhibited a high enzyme activity in E. coli, and its expression in plastids was independent of carotenoid levels. Plastids were purified from tissues of different plant species including cauliflower curds, tomato fruits, carrot roots and Arabidopsis leaves. By employing both Blue Native PAGE and SDS-PAGE approaches in conjunction with Western blot analysis, it was found that PDS in these plants existed in two forms. The plastid membrane form was present in a large protein complex of approximately 350 kDa, whereas the stroma version was in an approximately 660 kDa complex. C1 [Lopez, Alex B.; Yang, Yong; Thannhauser, Theodore W.; Li, Li] Cornell Univ, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Li, L (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ll37@cornell.edu NR 36 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 133 IS 2 BP 190 EP 198 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2008.01058.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295HJ UT WOS:000255465300007 PM 18298413 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, M Bassett, C Norelli, J Macarisin, D Artlip, T Gasic, K Korban, S AF Wisniewski, Michael Bassett, Carole Norelli, John Macarisin, Dumitru Artlip, Timothy Gasic, Ksenija Korban, Schuyler TI Expressed sequence tag analysis of the response of apple (Malus x domestica 'Royal Gala') to low temperature and water deficit SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID PEACH PRUNUS-PERSICA; ARABIDOPSIS TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; LENGTH CDNA MICROARRAY; HIGH-SALINITY STRESSES; 2 DEHYDRIN GENES; FREEZING-TOLERANCE; COLD-ACCLIMATION; ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA; EMERGING CONCEPTS; ABIOTIC STRESS AB Leaf, bark, xylem and root tissues were used to make nine cDNA libraries from non-stressed (control) 'Royal Gala' apple trees, and from 'Royal Gala' trees exposed to either low temperature (5 degrees C for 24 h) or water deficit (45% of saturated pot mass for 2 weeks). Over 22 600 clones from the nine libraries were subjected to 5' single-pass sequencing, clustered and annotated using BLASTX. The number of clusters in the libraries ranged from 170 to 1430. Regarding annotation of the sequences, BLASTX analysis indicated that within the libraries 65-72% of the clones had a high similarity to known function genes, 6-15% had no functional assignment and 15-26% were completely novel. The expressed sequence tags were combined into three classes (control, low-temperature and water deficit) and the annotated genes in each class were placed into 1 of 10 different functional categories. The percentage of genes falling into each category was then calculated. This analysis indicated a distinct downregulation of genes involved in general metabolism and photosynthesis, while a significant increase in defense/stress-related genes, protein metabolism and energy was observed. In particular, there was a three-fold increase in the number of stress genes observed in the water deficit libraries indicating a major shift in gene expression in response to a chronic stress. The number of stress genes in response to low temperature, although elevated, was much less than the water deficit libraries perhaps reflecting the shorter (24 h) exposure to stress. Genes with greater than five clones in any specific library were identified and, based on the number of clones obtained, the fold increase or decrease in expression in the libraries was calculated and verified by semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction. Genes, of particular note, that code for the following proteins were overexpressed in the low-temperature libraries: dehydrin and metallothionein-like proteins, ubiquitin proteins, a dormancy-associated protein, a plasma membrane intrinsic protein and an RNA-binding protein. Genes that were upregulated in the water deficit libraries fell mainly into the functional categories of stress (heat shock proteins, dehydrins) and photosynthesis. With few exceptions, the overall differences in downregulated genes were nominal compared with differences in upregulated genes. The results of this apple study are similar to other global studies of plant response to stress but offer a more detailed analysis of specific tissue response (bark vs xylem vs leaf vs root) and a comparison between an acute stress (24-h exposure to low temperature) and a chronic stress (2 weeks of water deficit). C1 [Wisniewski, Michael; Bassett, Carole; Norelli, John; Macarisin, Dumitru; Artlip, Timothy] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Gasic, Ksenija; Korban, Schuyler] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Wisniewski, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM michael.wisniewski@ars.usda.gov; carole.bassett@ars.usda.gov NR 88 TC 43 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD JUN PY 2008 VL 133 IS 2 BP 298 EP 317 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2008.01063.x PG 20 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295HJ UT WOS:000255465300016 PM 18298416 ER PT J AU Lee, SE Kim, MR Kim, JH Takeoka, GR Kim, TW Park, BS AF Lee, Sung-Eun Kim, Mi-Ran Kim, Jeong-Han Takeoka, Gary R. Kim, Tae-Wan Park, Byeoung-Soo TI Antimalarial activity of anthothecol derived from Khaya anthotheca (Meliaceae) SO PHYTOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Khaya anthotheca; anthothecol; gedunin; antimalarial activity ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; LIMONOIDS; PLANTS; DERIVATIVES; RESISTANCE; INHIBITORS; EXTRACTS; CYSTEINE; DRUGS; CDC AB Antimalarial activity of anthothecol, a limonoid of Khaya anthotheca (Meliaceae) against Plasmodium falciparum was tested using a [H-3]-hypoxanthine and 48 h culture assay in vitro. Anthotechol showed potent antimalarial activity against malaria parasites with IC50 values of 1.4 and 0.17 mu M using two different assays. Also, gedunin had antimalarial activity with IC50 values of 3.1 and 0.14 mu M. However, the citrus limonoids, limonin and obacunone did not show any antimalarial activity. The antimalarial activities were compared with the three currently used antimalarial medicines quinine, chloroquinine and artemisinin. (c) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Park, Byeoung-Soo] Hankyong Natl Univ, Inst Ecol Phytochem, Ansong 456749, Kyonggi Do, South Korea. [Lee, Sung-Eun] Nanotoxtech Inc, Seoul 153010, South Korea. [Kim, Mi-Ran; Kim, Jeong-Han] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Agr Biotechnol, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Takeoka, Gary R.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Kim, Tae-Wan] Hankyong Natl Univ, Sch Plant Life & Environm Sci, Ansong 456749, Kyonggi Do, South Korea. RP Park, BS (reprint author), Hankyong Natl Univ, Inst Ecol Phytochem, Ansong 456749, Kyonggi Do, South Korea. EM bsp67@hanmail.net OI Lee, Sung-Eun/0000-0001-7690-9956 FU GRRC-project 3-1 FX This work was partially supported by a grant from GRRC-project 3-1. NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0944-7113 J9 PHYTOMEDICINE JI Phytomedicine PD JUN PY 2008 VL 15 IS 6-7 BP 533 EP 535 DI 10.1016/j.phymed.2007.08.001 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 339EU UT WOS:000258561700020 PM 17913482 ER PT J AU Wu, BA Subbarao, KV Liu, YB AF Wu, B. A. Subbarao, K. V. Liu, Y-B TI Comparative survival of sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lettuce drop; irrigation ID LETTUCE DROP INCIDENCE; CONIOTHYRIUM-MINITANS; WHETZELINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; APOTHECIAL PRODUCTION; SOIL-TEMPERATURE; PLANT HOSTS; MOISTURE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GERMINATION; VIABILITY AB Survival of sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum was compared in irrigated fields during the summer in two major lettuce production areas in California. More than 50% sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum compared with 4 and 35% of S. minor remained viable after 24 weeks of burial at 15 and 5 cm depths, respectively, in the San Joaquin Valley while >80% of sclerotia survived in the Salinas Valley for both species. The results explain in part the lower infections from S. minor in the San Joaquin Valley. To identify factors that contribute to the rapid decline in the viability of sclerotia, the effects of soil moisture, temperature, and oxygen levels were studied in laboratory. More than 90% of sclerotia of both species survived for at least 3 months in sterilized dry soils at temperatures between 15 and 40 degrees C. Soil moisture did not affect survival at 15 and 25 degrees C. At 35 degrees C, however, survival rates were significantly lower at high (-0.3 to -0.01 MPa) water potential than at low (<-1.0 MPa) water potential. Incubation under ultralow oxygen concentration (0.01%) significantly reduced survival of sclerotia in nonautoclaved moist soils at 25 degrees C, with less than 2% sclerotia surviving over 4 weeks compared with about 45% sclerotia surviving at the ambient oxygen level (21%). The combination of high temperature, high soil moisture, and reduced oxygen in irrigated fields contribute to the lower survival of both Sclerotinia species and the responses of the two species to these conditions shape their relative geographical distribution. C1 [Wu, B. A.; Subbarao, K. V.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, US Agr Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Liu, Y-B] USDA ARS, US Agr Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Subbarao, KV (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, US Agr Res Stn, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM kvsubbarao@ucdavis.edu OI Subbarao, Krishna/0000-0002-2075-1835 NR 46 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 BP 659 EP 665 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-6-0659 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RE UT WOS:000256125800004 PM 18944289 ER PT J AU Jansky, SH Simon, R Spooner, DM AF Jansky, S. H. Simon, R. Spooner, D. M. TI A test of taxonomic predictivity: Resistance to early blight in wild relatives of cultivated potato SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE disease resistance ID TUBER SOFT-ROT; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; ALTERNARIA-SOLANI; SOMATIC HYBRIDS; SECT PETOTA; GERMPLASM; BALANCE; BULBOCASTANUM; INHERITANCE; COMMERSONII AB Host plant resistance offers an attractive method of control for early blight (caused by the foliar fungus Alternaria solani), a widespread disease that appears annually in potato crops worldwide. We tested the assumed ability of taxonomy to predict the presence of early blight resistance genes in wild Solanum species for which resistance was observed in related species. We also tested associations to ploidy, crossing group, breeding system, and geography. As in a prior study of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (white mold) resistance, tremendous variation for resistance to early blight was found to occur within and among species. There was no discernable relationship between the distribution of resistant phenotypes and taxonomic series (based on an intuitive interpretation of morphological data), clade (based on a cladistic analysis of plastid DNA data), ploidy, breeding system, geographic distance, or climate parameters. Species and individual accessions with high proportions of early blight resistant plants were identified, but high levels of inter- and intra-accession variability were observed. Consequently, the designation of species or accessions as resistant or susceptible must take this variation into account. This study calls into question the assumption that taxonomic or geographic data can be used to predict sources of early blight resistance in wild Solanum species. C1 [Jansky, S. H.; Spooner, D. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Simon, R.] Int Potato Ctr, Lima 12, Peru. RP Jansky, SH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shelley.jansky@ars.usda.gov OI Simon, Reinhard/0000-0002-4608-9077 NR 47 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 BP 680 EP 687 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-6-0680 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RE UT WOS:000256125800007 PM 18944292 ER PT J AU Abad, JA Loschinkohl, C Smither, M AF Abad, J. A. Loschinkohl, C. Smither, M. TI Detection of an unknown virus in potato seedlings grown from true seed introduced from South America SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Abad, J. A.; Loschinkohl, C.; Smither, M.] USDA APHIS PPQ PHP PSPI PGQP, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S9 EP S9 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600028 ER PT J AU Abbas, HK Zablotowicz, RM Abel, CA Bruns, H AF Abbas, H. K. Zablotowicz, R. M. Abel, C. A. Bruns, H. TI Aflatoxins and fumonisins enhanced by corn infected with common smut SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Abbas, H. K.; Bruns, H.] USDA ARS, CG&PRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abel, C. A.] USDA ARS, SIMU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Zablotowicz, R. M.] USDA ARS, SWSRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S9 EP S9 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600029 ER PT J AU Adams, ML Holmes, G Kousik, S AF Adams, M. L. Holmes, G. Kousik, S. TI Evaluation of fungicides for control of Phytophthora blight of watermelon in North Carolina and South Carolina SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Adams, M. L.; Holmes, G.] NC State Univ, Raleigh, NC USA. [Kousik, S.] USDA ARS, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S10 EP S10 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600033 ER PT J AU Adkins, S Li, W Hilf, ME Turechek, WW Kousik, CS Baker, CA Webb, SE AF Adkins, S. Li, W. Hilf, M. E. Turechek, W. W. Kousik, C. S. Baker, C. A. Webb, S. E. TI Identification of plant reservoirs and genome characterization of Squash vein yellowing virus, causal agent of viral watermelon vine decline in Florida SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Baker, C. A.] Florida Dept Agr & Consume Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL USA. [Adkins, S.; Hilf, M. E.; Turechek, W. W.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Kousik, C. S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. [Webb, S. E.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Li, W.] Univ Florida, Lake Alfred, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S10 EP S10 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600036 ER PT J AU Ahonsi, MO Banko, TJ Doane, SR Demuren, AO Copes, WE Hong, CX AF Ahonsi, M. O. Banko, T. J. Doane, S. R. Demuren, A. O. Copes, W. E. Hong, C. X. TI Phytophthora nicotianae zoospores evade pressure and agitation stress but are completely destroyed by CO2 injection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Doane, S. R.; Demuren, A. O.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Ahonsi, M. O.; Banko, T. J.; Hong, C. X.] Virginia Tech, Hampton Rd Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Virginia Beach, VA 23455 USA. [Copes, W. E.] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S10 EP S11 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600037 ER PT J AU Anagnostakis, S Patterson, F AF Anagnostakis, S. Patterson, F. TI Chestnut talk SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Anagnostakis, S.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. [Patterson, F.] USDA, Bur Plant Ind, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S6 EP S7 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600020 ER PT J AU Anderson, C Smith, JA Davis, JM Kubisiak, TL Nelson, C AF Anderson, C. Smith, J. A. Davis, J. M. Kubisiak, T. L. Nelson, C. TI Towards positional cloning of an avirulence gene from Cronartium quercuum f. sp.fusiforme SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Anderson, C.; Smith, J. A.; Davis, J. M.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kubisiak, T. L.; Nelson, C.] US Forest Serv, So Inst Forest Genet, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S13 EP S13 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600053 ER PT J AU Anderson, NA Ostry, ME AF Anderson, N. A. Ostry, M. E. TI Historical look at aspen management and genetic improvement for Hypoxylon canker resistance SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Ostry, M. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. [Anderson, N. A.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S13 EP S13 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600054 ER PT J AU Ariss, JJ Thies, JA Kousik, CS Hassell, RL AF Ariss, J. J. Thies, J. A. Kousik, C. S. Hassell, R. L. TI Reaction of wild watermelon germplasm to southern root-knot nematode in South Carolina SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Hassell, R. L.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. [Ariss, J. J.; Thies, J. A.; Kousik, C. S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S14 EP S14 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600058 ER PT J AU Arnold, SE Nelson, EB Sanderson, JP Daughtrey, ML Wraight, SP AF Arnold, S. E. Nelson, E. B. Sanderson, J. P. Daughtrey, M. L. Wraight, S. P. TI Effect of fungus gnat Bradysia impatiens (Diptera : Sciaridae) feeding on subsequent Pythium aphanidermatum infection of geranium seedlings (Pelargonium x hortorum) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Arnold, S. E.; Sanderson, J. P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Nelson, E. B.; Daughtrey, M. L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wraight, S. P.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S14 EP S14 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600059 ER PT J AU Atallah, K Maruthachalam, K Hayes, RJ Klosterman, SJ Subbarao, KV AF Atallah, K. Maruthachalam, K. Hayes, R. J. Klosterman, S. J. Subbarao, K. V. TI Population biology of Verticillium dahliae isolates from lettuce in the Salinas Valley of California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Hayes, R. J.; Klosterman, S. J.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. [Atallah, K.; Maruthachalam, K.; Subbarao, K. V.] Univ Calif Davis, Salinas, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S14 EP S15 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600060 ER PT J AU Atibalentja, N Babadoost, M Noel, GR AF Atibalentja, N. Babadoost, M. Noel, G. R. TI A real-time PCR assay for the detection of Pasteuria nishizawae in soil SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Noel, G. R.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Atibalentja, N.; Babadoost, M.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S15 EP S15 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600063 ER PT J AU Attanayake, RP Glawe, D McPhee, K Dugan, F Chen, W AF Attanayake, R. P. Glawe, D. McPhee, K. Dugan, F. Chen, W. TI Taxonomic complexity of powdery mildew pathogens found on lentil and pea in the US Pacific Northwest SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [McPhee, K.; Dugan, F.; Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Glawe, D.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S15 EP S15 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600064 ER PT J AU Bacetty, AA Snook, ME Bacon, CW AF Bacetty, A. A. Snook, M. E. Bacon, C. W. TI Chemotaxic effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue root extracts against Pratylenchus scribneri SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Bacetty, A. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Snook, M. E.; Bacon, C. W.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S16 EP S16 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600070 ER PT J AU Bacon, CW Hinton, DM AF Bacon, C. W. Hinton, D. M. TI Interaction of fusaric acid and maize seedling lesion development and reduction by isolates of Bacillus mojavensis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Bacon, C. W.; Hinton, D. M.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S16 EP S17 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600071 ER PT J AU Bailey, BA Strem, MD Wood, DF AF Bailey, B. A. Strem, M. D. Wood, D. F. TI Trichoderma species colonize Theobroma cacao trichomes internally SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Wood, D. F.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Bailey, B. A.; Strem, M. D.] USDA ARS, SPCL, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S17 EP S17 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600073 ER PT J AU Barnes, CW Szabo, LJ Isard, SA Ariatti, A Tenuta, AU Hambleton, S Tropiano, R Bowersox, VC Claybrooke, R Lehmann, C AF Barnes, C. W. Szabo, L. J. Isard, S. A. Ariatti, A. Tenuta, A. U. Hambleton, S. Tropiano, R. Bowersox, V. C. Claybrooke, R. Lehmann, C. TI Patterns of Phakopsora pachyrhizi spore deposition detected in North America rain and their use to calibrate IAMS soybean rust forecasts in 2007 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Hambleton, S.; Tropiano, R.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Barnes, C. W.; Szabo, L. J.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, CDL, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bowersox, V. C.; Claybrooke, R.; Lehmann, C.] Illinois State Water Survey, NADP, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Tenuta, A. U.] Ontario Minist Agr Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON, Canada. [Isard, S. A.; Ariatti, A.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600080 ER PT J AU Barrett-Wilt, G Huttlin, E Harms, A Sussman, M Halterman, D AF Barrett-Wilt, G. Huttlin, E. Harms, A. Sussman, M. Halterman, D. TI Proteomic analysis of potato late blight resistance mediated by the RB resistance gene SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Huttlin, E.; Sussman, M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, UW Biotechnol Ctr Mass Spectrometry Prote, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Halterman, D.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Halterman, Dennis/A-7630-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600081 ER PT J AU Baumgartner, K Bailey, A Foster, GD Kilaru, S AF Baumgartner, K. Bailey, A. Foster, G. D. Kilaru, S. TI Transgene expression in the basidiomycete root pathogen Armillaria mellea SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Bailey, A.; Foster, G. D.; Kilaru, S.] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England. [Baumgartner, K.] USDA ARS, Davis, CA USA. RI Foster, Gary/A-7985-2011 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S19 EP S19 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600084 ER PT J AU Bell, AA AF Bell, A. A. TI Bacillus seed and boll rot of cotton: Symptoms and transmission by Hemiptera SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Bell, A. A.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600094 ER PT J AU Bennett, R AF Bennett, R. TI Prospects and pre-requirements of having a national plant pathogen collection system SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Bennett, R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S183 EP S183 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600999 ER PT J AU Benyon, L Zhou, L Weathersbee, A Duan, Y AF Benyon, L. Zhou, L. Weathersbee, A. Duan, Y. TI Nested PCR is essential for the detection of extremely low titer of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus from citrus and its vector psyllid Diaphorina citri SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Benyon, L.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Zhou, L.; Weathersbee, A.; Duan, Y.] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600098 ER PT J AU Berger, PH Shiel, PJ AF Berger, P. H. Shiel, P. J. TI The beginnings of immunochemistry at the intersection of early plant virus research SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Berger, P. H.; Shiel, P. J.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S194 EP S194 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601064 ER PT J AU Bhat, R Browne, GT AF Bhat, R. Browne, G. T. TI Detection of Colletotrichum acutatum in strawberry plants using nested PCR primers with enhanced specificity SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Bhat, R.; Browne, G. T.] UC Davis, CPGRU, ARS, USDA, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S22 EP S22 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600104 ER PT J AU Bhat, R Baumgartner, K Fujiyoshi, P AF Bhat, R. Baumgartner, K. Fujiyoshi, P. TI Characterizing resistance to infection by the root pathogen Armillaria mellea in tolerant and susceptible grapevine rootstocks SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Bhat, R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Baumgartner, K.; Fujiyoshi, P.] USDA ARS, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S22 EP S22 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600103 ER PT J AU Blaedow, RA Juzwik, J AF Blaedow, R. A. Juzwik, J. TI Propiconazole movement into the roots of red oaks and Ceratocystis fagacearum survival following macroinfusion treatment SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Blaedow, R. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Juzwik, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S201 EP S201 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601100 ER PT J AU Bluhm, BH Dunkle, LD AF Bluhm, B. H. Dunkle, L. D. TI Regulation of pathogenesis by light in Cercospora zeae-maydis: Identification of a photoreceptor required for infection of maize SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Bluhm, B. H.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Dunkle, L. D.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pets Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S23 EP S23 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600109 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Gottwald, TR Cook, AZ Parker, PE AF Bock, C. H. Gottwald, T. R. Cook, A. Z. Parker, P. E. TI Disadvantages of the Horsfall-Barratt scale for estimating severity of citrus canker SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gottwald, T. R.] USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Cook, A. Z.; Parker, P. E.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. [Bock, C. H.] Univ Florida, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S23 EP S24 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600111 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Parker, PE Cook, AZ Riley, T Gottwald, TR AF Bock, C. H. Parker, P. E. Cook, A. Z. Riley, T. Gottwald, T. R. TI Characteristics of multi-rater estimates of citrus canker severity SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gottwald, T. R.] USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Parker, P. E.] USDA APHIS PDDML, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. [Cook, A. Z.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. [Riley, T.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Orlando, FL 32824 USA. [Bock, C. H.] Univ Florida, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S23 EP S23 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600110 ER PT J AU Bolton, MD Kolmer, JA Xu, WW Garvin, DF AF Bolton, M. D. Kolmer, J. A. Xu, W. W. Garvin, D. F. TI Comparative transcript profiling of Lr1- and Lr34-mediated leaf rust resistance in wheat SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Xu, W. W.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Supercomp, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Kolmer, J. A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA. [Bolton, M. D.; Garvin, D. F.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S24 EP S24 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600112 ER PT J AU Brannen, PM Taylor, K Hotchkiss, M Reilly, C Schnabel, G Amiri, A AF Brannen, P. M. Taylor, K. Hotchkiss, M. Reilly, C. Schnabel, G. Amiri, A. TI Evolving management strategies for Monilinia fructicola populations with reduced sensitivity to DMIs in Georgia and implications for brown rot control recommendations SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Schnabel, G.; Amiri, A.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Hotchkiss, M.; Reilly, C.] USDA ARS, Byron, GA USA. [Brannen, P. M.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Taylor, K.] Univ Georgia, Byron, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S25 EP S25 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600118 ER PT J AU Bronson, JJ AF Bronson, J. J. TI Resistance Screening Center, USDA Forest service forest health protection unit, Asheville, NC SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Bronson, J. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S26 EP S26 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600125 ER PT J AU Brooks, S Anders, M AF Brooks, S. Anders, M. TI Genotype x management interactions influence susceptibility to false smut and kernel smut of rice SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Brooks, S.] USDA ARS, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Anders, M.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S26 EP S26 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600126 ER PT J AU Brown, LG AF Brown, L. G. TI A model system for measuring citrus propagation risk mitigation based on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) methods SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Brown, L. G.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S27 EP S27 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600130 ER PT J AU Brown, RL Menkir, A Chen, Z Bandyopadhyay, R Luo, M Cleveland, TE AF Brown, R. L. Menkir, A. Chen, Z. Bandyopadhyay, R. Luo, M. Cleveland, T. E. TI Investigation of maize kernel proteins for use as markers for newly developed aflatoxin-resistant inbreds SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Menkir, A.; Bandyopadhyay, R.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Chen, Z.; Luo, M.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Brown, R. L.; Cleveland, T. E.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S26 EP S27 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600128 ER PT J AU Browne, GT Schmidt, LS Holtz, BA Doll, DA Upadbyaya, SK Lampinen, BD AF Browne, G. T. Schmidt, L. S. Holtz, B. A. Doll, D. A. Upadbyaya, S. K. Lampinen, B. D. TI Responses of almond trees and rhizosphere fungi to novel pre-plant soil fumigation treatments for control of Prunus replant disease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Holtz, B. A.] UCCE, Madera, CA USA. [Doll, D. A.] UCCE, Merced, CA USA. [Browne, G. T.; Schmidt, L. S.] USDA ARS, Davis, CA USA. [Upadbyaya, S. K.; Lampinen, B. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S27 EP S27 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600131 ER PT J AU Brunings, AM Datnoff, LE Palmateer, AJ Locke, JC Frantz, JM Krause, CR AF Brunings, A. M. Datnoff, L. E. Palmateer, A. J. Locke, J. C. Frantz, J. M. Krause, C. R. TI Leaf spot on Tigergrass caused by Exserohilum rostratum in Florida SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Brunings, A. M.; Datnoff, L. E.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Locke, J. C.; Frantz, J. M.] USDA ARS, Toledo, OH USA. [Krause, C. R.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Palmateer, A. J.] Univ Florida, Homestead, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S27 EP S27 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600133 ER PT J AU Cadle-Davidson, L AF Cadle-Davidson, L. TI Seventy years of screening for resistance to grape downy mildew - without consensus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Cadle-Davidson, L.] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S29 EP S30 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600145 ER PT J AU Caesar, A Caesar, T AF Caesar, A. Caesar, T. TI Comparative virulence of Rhizoctonia spp. pathogenic to Lepidium draba assessed using survival analysis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Caesar, A.; Caesar, T.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600146 ER PT J AU Calla, B Simmonds, D Clough, SJ AF Calla, B. Simmonds, D. Clough, S. J. TI Genomic analysis of soybean defense response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Simmonds, D.] Agr & Agri Food Ottawa, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Clough, S. J.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Clough, Steven/E-6815-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600148 ER PT J AU Carson, ML AF Carson, M. L. TI Avena barbata, a potential source of new crown rust resistance in oat SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Carson, M. L.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S31 EP S31 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600154 ER PT J AU Chanda, B Venugopal, S Kulshrestha, S Gao, Q Navarre, D Downie, B Kachroo, A Vaillancourt, L Kachroo, P AF Chanda, B. Venugopal, S. Kulshrestha, S. Gao, Q. Navarre, D. Downie, B. Kachroo, A. Vaillancourt, L. Kachroo, P. TI The role of Glycerol metabolism in the Arabidopsis-Colletotrichum higginsianum interaction SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Navarre, D.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Chanda, B.; Venugopal, S.; Kulshrestha, S.; Gao, Q.; Downie, B.; Kachroo, A.; Vaillancourt, L.; Kachroo, P.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S33 EP S33 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600167 ER PT J AU Chang, S Steinlage, TA Hymowitz, T Hartman, GL AF Chang, S. Steinlage, T. A. Hymowitz, T. Hartman, G. L. TI Characterizing soybean rust resistance in Glycine tomentella SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Hartman, G. L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA. [Chang, S.; Steinlage, T. A.; Hymowitz, T.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S34 EP S34 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600170 ER PT J AU Chen, J AF Chen, J. TI Unique features of maintaining collections of fastidious pathogens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Chen, J.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S183 EP S183 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601002 ER PT J AU Chen, J Xie, G Han, S Civerolo, E AF Chen, J. Xie, G. Han, S. Civerolo, E. TI Variations of whole genome sequences of Xylella fastidiosa strains within the same pathotype SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Xie, G.; Han, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Chen, J.; Civerolo, E.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S35 EP S35 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600176 ER PT J AU Chen, J Deng, X Liu, S Pu, X Li, H Civerolo, E AF Chen, J. Deng, X. Liu, S. Pu, X. Li, H. Civerolo, E. TI Detection of phytoplasma and Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in citrus showing Huanglongbing (yellow shoot disease) symptoms in Guangdong, P.R. China SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Chen, J.; Civerolo, E.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA USA. [Deng, X.; Liu, S.; Pu, X.; Li, H.] S China Agr Univ, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S35 EP S35 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600175 ER PT J AU Chen, W Porter, L Johnson, D AF Chen, W. Porter, L. Johnson, D. TI Genetic diversity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from various crops from the US Pacific Northwest SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Chen, W.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Johnson, D.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S35 EP S35 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600178 ER PT J AU Chen, X Wan, A Richardson, K AF Chen, X. Wan, A. Richardson, K. TI Virulent races of Puccinia striiformis identified in the United States in 2007 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Chen, X.; Wan, A.; Richardson, K.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X.; Richardson, K.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S36 EP S36 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600183 ER PT J AU Chen, X Culbreath, A Brenneman, T Holbrook, C Guo, B AF Chen, X. Culbreath, A. Brenneman, T. Holbrook, C. Guo, B. TI Identification and cloning of TSWV resistance gene(s) in cultivated peanuts and development of markers for breeding selection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Holbrook, C.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Guo, B.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Chen, X.; Culbreath, A.; Brenneman, T.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S36 EP S36 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600182 ER PT J AU Chen, X Brenneman, T Culbreath, A Holbrook, C Guo, B AF Chen, X. Brenneman, T. Culbreath, A. Holbrook, C. Guo, B. TI Characterization of two peanut oxalate oxidase genes and development of peanut cultivars resistant to stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Holbrook, C.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Guo, B.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Chen, X.; Brenneman, T.; Culbreath, A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S36 EP S36 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600181 ER PT J AU Chen, Y Halterman, D AF Chen, Y. Halterman, D. TI Characterization of the RB-mediated late blight resistance phenotype SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Halterman, D.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Halterman, Dennis/A-7630-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S37 EP S37 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600185 ER PT J AU Chen, Z Brown, R Cleveland, T Damann, K AF Chen, Z. Brown, R. Cleveland, T. Damann, K. TI The expression of maize 14 kDa trypsin inhibitor protein on host resistance to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin production SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Chen, Z.; Damann, K.] Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Brown, R.; Cleveland, T.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S35 EP S35 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600174 ER PT J AU Cheng, DW Lin, H Walker, AM Stenger, DC Civerolo, EL AF Cheng, D. W. Lin, H. Walker, A. M. Stenger, D. C. Civerolo, E. L. TI Transcriptional regulation of grape cytochrome P450 gene expression in response to Xylella fastidiosa SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Walker, A. M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cheng, D. W.; Lin, H.; Stenger, D. C.; Civerolo, E. L.] ARS, USDA, SJVARC, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S37 EP S37 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600188 ER PT J AU Cheng, DW Lin, H Walker, AM Stenger, DC Civerolo, EL AF Cheng, D. W. Lin, H. Walker, A. M. Stenger, D. C. Civerolo, E. L. TI Characterization of growth and virulence-related genes expression of Xylella fastidiosa affected by grape xylem sap and cell-wall constituents SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Cheng, D. W.; Lin, H.; Stenger, D. C.; Civerolo, E. L.] ARS, USDA, SJVARC, Parlier, CA USA. [Walker, A. M.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S37 EP S37 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600187 ER PT J AU Cheng, P Chen, X AF Cheng, P. Chen, X. TI Molecular mapping of a gene for resistance to stripe rust in spring wheat cultivar IDO377s SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Cheng, P.; Chen, X.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S38 EP S38 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600190 ER PT J AU Chung, C Poland, J Wisser, R Kolkman, J Nelson, R AF Chung, C. Poland, J. Wisser, R. Kolkman, J. Nelson, R. TI Genetic dissection of loci conditioning disease resistance in maize bin 8.06 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Poland, J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA. [Chung, C.; Kolkman, J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. [Wisser, R.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S39 EP S39 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600198 ER PT J AU Cook, AZ Bock, CH Parker, PE Gottwald, TR AF Cook, A. Z. Bock, C. H. Parker, P. E. Gottwald, T. R. TI Automating the assessment of citrus canker symptoms with image analysis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Cook, A. Z.; Parker, P. E.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Edinburg, TX USA. [Bock, C. H.] Univ FL, USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S41 EP S41 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600208 ER PT J AU Coram, TE Huang, X Settles, ML Zhan, G Chen, X AF Coram, T. E. Huang, X. Settles, M. L. Zhan, G. Chen, X. TI Comparative analysis of transcripts associated to all-stage resistance and high-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in wheat SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Settles, M. L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Huang, X.; Zhan, G.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Coram, T. E.; Chen, X.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Coram, Tristan/C-1069-2008; Coram, Tristan/E-8744-2010; Settles, Matthew/F-2031-2011 OI Settles, Matthew/0000-0002-3424-1086 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S41 EP S41 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600209 ER PT J AU Correa, VR Majerczak, DR Ammar, E Merighi, M Coplin, DL Pratt, RC Redinbaugh, MG Hogenhout, SA AF Correa, V. R. Majerczak, D. R. Ammar, E. Merighi, M. Coplin, D. L. Pratt, R. C. Redinbaugh, M. G. Hogenhout, S. A. TI Characterization of a Pantoea stewartii TTSS gene required for persistence in its flea beetle vector SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Ammar, E.; Hogenhout, S. A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, OARDC, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hogenhout, S. A.] John Innes Ctr Plant Sci Res, Dept Dis & Stress Biol, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. [Correa, V. R.; Pratt, R. C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, OARDC, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Ammar, E.; Merighi, M.; Coplin, D. L.; Redinbaugh, M. G.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, OARDC, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Redinbaugh, M. G.] ARS Corn & Soybean Res, USDA, Wooster, OH USA. RI Hogenhout, Saskia/D-9266-2012 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S41 EP S41 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600210 ER PT J AU Cotty, P AF Cotty, P. TI Strategies to reduce aflatoxin contamination SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Cotty, P.] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S182 EP S183 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600998 ER PT J AU Cruz, JHS Christ, BJ Haynes, KG AF Cruz, J. H. Santa Christ, B. J. Haynes, K. G. TI Inheritance of resistance to early blight disease in a diploid hybrid Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum population after one cycle of recurrent selection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Cruz, J. H. Santa; Christ, B. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Buckhout Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Haynes, K. G.] ARS, USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S140 EP S140 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600761 ER PT J AU Cruz, LF Fellers, JP Trick, HN AF Cruz, L. F. Fellers, J. P. Trick, H. N. TI Wheat virus resistance via interference RNA SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Fellers, J. P.] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Cruz, L. F.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S43 EP S43 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600219 ER PT J AU Dai, Y Jia, Y Wang, X Wang, Y Lee, FN Correll, JC AF Dai, Y. Jia, Y. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Lee, F. N. Correll, J. C. TI Structural and functional analysis of the rice blast fungus avirulence gene AVR-Pita SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Dai, Y.; Correll, J. C.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Jia, Y.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Lee, F. N.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Wang, Y.] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Wang, X.] Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600224 ER PT J AU Dang, PM Guo, B Scully, BT AF Dang, P. M. Guo, B. Scully, B. T. TI Identification and analysis of viral sequences in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) expressed sequence tags SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Dang, P. M.; Guo, B.; Scully, B. T.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600225 ER PT J AU Davis, RE Jomantiene, R Zhao, Y Wei, W AF Davis, R. E. Jomantiene, R. Zhao, Y. Wei, W. TI Dynamic genome architecture and the emergence of the phytoplasma clade SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Jomantiene, R.] Inst Bot, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Davis, R. E.; Zhao, Y.; Wei, W.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S44 EP S45 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600228 ER PT J AU De la Fuente, L Zaini, P Cursino, L Lin, H Burr, T Hoch, H AF De la Fuente, L. Zaini, P. Cursino, L. Lin, H. Burr, T. Hoch, H. TI Environmental factors affecting twitching motility, biofilm development, and aggregation by Xylella fastidiosa SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [De la Fuente, L.; Zaini, P.; Cursino, L.; Burr, T.; Hoch, H.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Lin, H.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RI De La Fuente, Leonardo/A-2012-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S45 EP S45 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600230 ER PT J AU Doddapaneni, H Liao, H Lin, H Bai, X Zhao, X Civerolo, EL AF Doddapaneni, H. Liao, H. Lin, H. Bai, X. Zhao, X. Civerolo, E. L. TI Comparative Phylogenomics and Multi-gene cluster analyses of the Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB)-associated bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Liao, H.; Bai, X.] Guangxi Acad Agr Sci, Guilin, Guangxi, Peoples R China. [Zhao, X.] Guilin Citrus Res Inst, Guilin, Peoples R China. [Lin, H.; Civerolo, E. L.] USDA ARS, SJVASC, Parlier, CA USA. [Doddapaneni, H.] USDA ARS, UC Davis, Parlier, CA USA. RI Coletta-Filho, Helvecio/K-8235-2012 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S47 EP S47 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600240 ER PT J AU Doll, DA Schmidt, LS Kluepfel, DA Browne, GT AF Doll, D. A. Schmidt, L. S. Kluepfel, D. A. Browne, G. T. TI Characterization of the rhizosphere bacterial community associated with Prunus replant disease in California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Schmidt, L. S.; Kluepfel, D. A.; Browne, G. T.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, CPGRU, Davis, CA USA. [Doll, D. A.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Merced, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S47 EP S47 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600242 ER PT J AU Domier, LL Hobbs, HA Hartman, GL AF Domier, L. L. Hobbs, H. A. Hartman, G. L. TI Incidence of virus infections in soybean in Illinois in 2006 and 2007 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Hobbs, H. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Domier, L. L.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ IL, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S47 EP S47 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600243 ER PT J AU Donnua, S Thaveechai, N Paradornuwat, A Chowpongpang, S Schuenzel, E Schaad, N AF Donnua, S. Thaveechai, N. Paradornuwat, A. Chowpongpang, S. Schuenzel, E. Schaad, N. TI Antiserum development from an outer membrane protein (omp) of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Donnua, S.; Thaveechai, N.; Paradornuwat, A.; Chowpongpang, S.] Kasetsart Univ, Bangkok, Thailand. [Schuenzel, E.; Schaad, N.] USDA, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S47 EP S48 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600244 ER PT J AU Duan, Y Zhou, L Gabriel, D Weathersbee, A Gottwald, TR AF Duan, Y. Zhou, L. Gabriel, D. Weathersbee, A. Gottwald, T. R. TI A unique disease phenotype-'yellow shoot without blotchy mottle' was associated with a low titer of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in Florida SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gabriel, D.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Duan, Y.; Zhou, L.; Weathersbee, A.; Gottwald, T. R.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S48 EP S48 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600247 ER PT J AU Dugan, F AF Dugan, F. TI Microbial germplasm in seed banks and clonal repositories SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Dugan, F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S183 EP S183 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601001 ER PT J AU Edwards, H Bonde, MR AF Edwards, H. Bonde, M. R. TI Phakopsora pachyrhizi host penetration strategy SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Edwards, H.] Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. [Bonde, M. R.] USDA ARS FDWSRU, Frederick, MD USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S49 EP S50 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600256 ER PT J AU Eskandari, FM Bruckart, WL Widmer, TL AF Eskandari, F. M. Bruckart, W. L. Widmer, T. L. TI Protocol for maintenance of Synchytrium solstitiale, cause of false rust on yellow starthistle, under greenhouse conditions SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Eskandari, F. M.; Bruckart, W. L.; Widmer, T. L.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S214 EP S215 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601175 ER PT J AU Fang, G Waldrop, VC Wechter, WP Kluepfel, DA AF Fang, G. Waldrop, V. C. Wechter, W. P. Kluepfel, D. A. TI Involvement of sensor kinase gene (skrp 1122) for biocontrol activity by Pseudomonas synxantha BG33R SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Fang, G.; Waldrop, V. C.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Kluepfel, D. A.] ARS, USDA, CPGRU, Davis, CA USA. [Wechter, W. P.] USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S52 EP S52 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600271 ER PT J AU Fang, ZD Schoelz, JE Stacey, G Schmidt, FJ English, JT AF Fang, Z. D. Schoelz, J. E. Stacey, G. Schmidt, F. J. English, J. T. TI Selection of phage-displayed peptides that inhibit soybean rust SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Fang, Z. D.; Schoelz, J. E.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Schmidt, F. J.] ARS, USDA, CPGRU, Davis, CA USA. [Stacey, G.] USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. [Schmidt, F. J.] Univ Missouri, Div Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Fang, Z. D.; Schoelz, J. E.; Stacey, G.; English, J. T.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S52 EP S52 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600270 ER PT J AU Feng, J Zhao, T Sechler, A Randhawa, P Li, J Schaad, N AF Feng, J. Zhao, T. Sechler, A. Randhawa, P. Li, J. Schaad, N. TI An improved assay for detection of Acidovorax avenae subsp citrulli in watermelon and melon seeds SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Randhawa, P.] Calif Seed Pl Lab, Elverta, CA USA. [Feng, J.; Li, J.] China Agr Univ, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Zhao, T.] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Sechler, A.; Schaad, N.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S215 EP S215 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601177 ER PT J AU Foster-Hartnett, D Samac, DA AF Foster-Hartnett, D. Samac, D. A. TI Effect of glyphosate on foliar diseases in Roundup Ready alfalfa SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Samac, D. A.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S54 EP S55 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600284 ER PT J AU Funnell, DL Pedersen, JF Marx, DB AF Funnell, D. L. Pedersen, J. F. Marx, D. B. TI Effect of sorghum seedlings of different genotypes, and previous crop, on soil microorganism populations SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Funnell, D. L.; Pedersen, J. F.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S56 EP S56 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600291 ER PT J AU Gadoury, D Lichens-Park, A Andrews, J MacDonald, J Baumgartner, K Kennelly, M Burr, T Talley, A Savary, S Scherm, H Wang, G AF Gadoury, D. Lichens-Park, A. Andrews, J. MacDonald, J. Baumgartner, K. Kennelly, M. Burr, T. Talley, A. Savary, S. Scherm, H. Wang, G. TI Age demographics, hiring trends, and graduation rates in plant pathology in the United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gadoury, D.; Burr, T.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Savary, S.] INRA, Bordeaux, France. [Kennelly, M.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Wang, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lichens-Park, A.; Baumgartner, K.] USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. [MacDonald, J.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Scherm, H.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Andrews, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S56 EP S56 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600293 ER PT J AU Gale, LR Harrison, SA Milus, EA O'Donnell, K Ward, TJ Kistler, H AF Gale, L. R. Harrison, S. A. Milus, E. A. O'Donnell, K. Ward, T. J. Kistler, H. TI Genetic characterization of predominantly nivalenol-producing populations belonging to the Fusarium graminearum species complex from the Southern US SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gale, L. R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Harrison, S. A.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Agron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Milus, E. A.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Kistler, H.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA. [O'Donnell, K.; Ward, T. J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res Lab, Peoria, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S56 EP S56 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600294 ER PT J AU Gandhi, K Mekuria, TA Martin, RR Naidu, RA AF Gandhi, K. Mekuria, T. A. Martin, R. R. Naidu, R. A. TI Molecular variability of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-1 in the Pacific Northwest vineyards SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gandhi, K.; Mekuria, T. A.; Naidu, R. A.] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr Res Extn Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RI Rayapati, Naidu/A-7125-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S57 EP S57 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600298 ER PT J AU Garber, NP Cotty, PJ AF Garber, N. P. Cotty, P. J. TI Host specificity and population structure of Aspergillus section Flavi in sugarcane production areas in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S57 EP S58 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600301 ER PT J AU Gerik, JS Wang, D AF Gerik, J. S. Wang, D. TI Dose response of soilborne pathogens to acrolein SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gerik, J. S.; Wang, D.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S59 EP S59 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600308 ER PT J AU Glenn, AE Bacon, CW AF Glenn, A. E. Bacon, C. W. TI Fusarium verticilhoides genes necessary for biotransformation of maize allelopathic compounds SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Glenn, A. E.; Bacon, C. W.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600313 ER PT J AU Goates, BJ AF Goates, B. J. TI Quantification of Tilletia indica teliospores in sori of commercially harvested wheat grains SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Goates, B. J.] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600315 ER PT J AU Gomes, PJ AF Gomes, P. J. TI Future challenges in regulatory plant pathology and health management programs SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gomes, P. J.] USDA APHIS PPQ EDP, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S196 EP S196 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601077 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, ET Wechter, WP Kluepfel, DA AF Gonzalez, E. T. Wechter, W. P. Kluepfel, D. A. TI Pseudomonas gene expression during growth in the rhizosphere SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gonzalez, E. T.; Kluepfel, D. A.] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA USA. [Wechter, W. P.] USDA ARS, Charleston Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S191 EP S191 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601048 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, ET Maccree, M Zaid, M Kluepfel, DA AF Gonzalez, E. T. Maccree, M. Zaid, M. Kluepfel, D. A. TI Evaluation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens genetic diversity in CA walnut growing regions and resistance to the biocontrol agent, Agrobacterium rhizogenes K84 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gonzalez, E. T.; Maccree, M.; Zaid, M.; Kluepfel, D. A.] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S61 EP S61 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600318 ER PT J AU Goss, EM Grunwald, NJ AF Goss, E. M. Grunwald, N. J. TI Ancient isolation and independent evolution of the three clonal lineages of the sudden oak death pathogen Phytophthora raynorum SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Goss, E. M.; Grunwald, N. J.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RI Grunwald, Niklaus/B-9535-2008; Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S61 EP S61 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600319 ER PT J AU Gottwald, TR AF Gottwald, T. R. TI Science-based regulatory decisions SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gottwald, T. R.] USDA ARS USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S196 EP S196 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601075 ER PT J AU Gray, S Karasev, A Lorenzen, J Whitworth, J Nolte, P Perry, K AF Gray, S. Karasev, A. Lorenzen, J. Whitworth, J. Nolte, P. Perry, K. TI Emerging diversity in Potato virus Y poses new challenges for the US potato industry SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Perry, K.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Whitworth, J.] USDA ARS, Aberden, ID USA. [Gray, S.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Karasev, A.; Nolte, P.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S61 EP S61 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600322 ER PT J AU Griffith, JJ Jones, RW Ospina-Giraldo, MD AF Griffith, J. J. Jones, R. W. Ospina-Giraldo, M. D. TI Genome-wide analysis of carbohydrate-active enzyme coding genes in Phytophthora infestans: The glycoside hydrolase gene family SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Griffith, J. J.; Ospina-Giraldo, M. D.] Lafayette Coll, Easton, PA 18042 USA. [Jones, R. W.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S61 EP S62 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600323 ER PT J AU Grisham, MP AF Grisham, M. P. TI Comparing Leifsonia xyli subsp xyli vascular colonization to yield loss for ranking susceptibility of sugarcane to ratoon stunting disease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Grisham, M. P.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70361 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S62 EP S62 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600326 ER PT J AU Grunwald, NJ AF Grunwald, N. J. TI Phytophthora infestans: A challenging case study for the field of plant pathology SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Grunwald, N. J.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. RI Grunwald, Niklaus/B-9535-2008; Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S196 EP S196 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601079 ER PT J AU Grunwald, NJ Larsen, M Goss, EM AF Grunwald, N. J. Larsen, M. Goss, E. M. TI Genotypic diversity of Phytophthora ramorum in US nurseries SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Grunwald, N. J.; Larsen, M.; Goss, E. M.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RI Grunwald, Niklaus/B-9535-2008; Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S63 EP S63 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600330 ER PT J AU Gulati-Sakhuja, A Liu, H AF Gulati-Sakhuja, A. Liu, H. TI Specific polyclonal antibodies prepared against recombinant coat protein of Pelargonium zonate spot virus and immunodetection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gulati-Sakhuja, A.; Liu, H.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S63 EP S64 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600334 ER PT J AU Gulyamova, TG Ruzieva, DM Nasmetova, SM Karimova, KM Khodjibaeva, SM Stipanovic, R AF Gulyamova, T. G. Ruzieva, D. M. Nasmetova, S. M. Karimova, K. M. Khodjibaeva, S. M. Stipanovic, R. TI Antagonists' impact on enzymatic response in wilt infected cotton plants SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gulyamova, T. G.; Ruzieva, D. M.; Nasmetova, S. M.; Karimova, K. M.; Khodjibaeva, S. M.] Inst Microbiol, Tashkent 100128, Uzbekistan. [Stipanovic, R.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S64 EP S64 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600337 ER PT J AU Hammond, RW AF Hammond, R. W. TI Protein phosphorylation and second messenger signaling at the interface between viroid infection and symptom development SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Hammond, R. W.] USDA ARS, MPPL, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S65 EP S65 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600343 ER PT J AU Hanson, LE Barnett, KA Sprague, CL AF Hanson, L. E. Barnett, K. A. Sprague, C. L. TI Interaction between weed and disease management methods in sugar beet SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Barnett, K. A.; Sprague, C. L.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hanson, L. E.] USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S65 EP S65 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600345 ER PT J AU Hartney, SL Loper, JE AF Hartney, S. L. Loper, J. E. TI Bioinformatic analysis of TonB dependent receptors of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Hartney, S. L.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Loper, J. E.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S66 EP S66 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600347 ER PT J AU Hasey, JK Maccree, MM Kluepfel, DA AF Hasey, J. K. Maccree, M. M. Kluepfel, D. A. TI Influence of host plant genotype on crown gall formation in walnuts SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Maccree, M. M.; Kluepfel, D. A.] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Hasey, J. K.] Univ CA Cooperat Extens, Yuba City, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S66 EP S66 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600348 ER PT J AU Haudenshield, JS Hartman, GL AF Haudenshield, J. S. Hartman, G. L. TI Synthetic internal control sequences to increase negative call veracity in multiplexed, quantitative PCR assays for Phakopsora pachyrhizi SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Haudenshield, J. S.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA. [Haudenshield, J. S.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S66 EP S66 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600349 ER PT J AU Helliwell, E Goodwin, SB AF Helliwell, E. Goodwin, S. B. TI Early growth of a nonhost pathogen, Mycosphaerella graminicola, on barley SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Helliwell, E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Goodwin, S. B.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S202 EP S202 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601109 ER PT J AU Hu, H Schuenzel, EL Sechler, A Wang, Z Schaad, NW AF Hu, H. Schuenzel, E. L. Sechler, A. Wang, Z. Schaad, N. W. TI Multilocus sequence typing system for Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, a causal agent of Huanglongbing SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Hu, H.; Wang, Z.] Chongqing Univ, Gene Engn Res Ctr, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China. [Schuenzel, E. L.; Sechler, A.; Schaad, N. W.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S215 EP S215 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601179 ER PT J AU Hughes, MA Smith, JA Mayfield, AE Ploetz, R Fraedrich, SW Dreaden, TJ AF Hughes, M. A. Smith, J. A. Mayfield, A. E. Ploetz, R. Fraedrich, S. W. Dreaden, T. J. TI Population studies of a newly introduced species of Raffaelea causing laurel wilt disease in the southeastern United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Mayfield, A. E.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Forestry, Gainesville, FL USA. [Fraedrich, S. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Athens, GA USA. [Hughes, M. A.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Smith, J. A.; Dreaden, T. J.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ploetz, R.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S70 EP S70 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600371 ER PT J AU Hwang, J Oak, SW Jeffers, SN AF Hwang, J. Oak, S. W. Jeffers, S. N. TI Variation in population density and diversity of Phytophthora species in streams within a forest watershed SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Hwang, J.; Jeffers, S. N.] Clemson Univ, Dept ESPS, Clemson, SC USA. [Oak, S. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, FHP, Asheville, NC USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S70 EP S70 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600373 ER PT J AU Iriarte, FB Rosskopf, EN Kokalis-Burelle, N AF Iriarte, F. B. Rosskopf, E. N. Kokalis-Burelle, N. TI Dose response of soilborne plant pathogens and Meloidogyne incognita to citrus-based experimental compounds SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Iriarte, F. B.; Rosskopf, E. N.; Kokalis-Burelle, N.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600379 ER PT J AU Jacobs, JJ Burnes, TA Smith, JA Sweeney, C David, AJ Blanchette, RA AF Jacobs, J. J. Burnes, T. A. Smith, J. A. Sweeney, C. David, A. J. Blanchette, R. A. TI Survival and histopathology of eastern white pine seedlings from controlled crosses infected with Cronartium ribicola SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Jacobs, J. J.; Burnes, T. A.; Blanchette, R. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Smith, J. A.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Sweeney, C.] US Forest Serv Oconto River Seed Orchard, White Lake, WI USA. [David, A. J.] Univ Minnesota, N Cent Res & Outreach Ctr, Grand Rapids, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S73 EP S73 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600388 ER PT J AU Jaime-Garcia, R Cotty, PJ AF Jaime-Garcia, R. Cotty, P. J. TI Formulations of Aspergillus flavus AF36 to improve in-field residence and sporulation SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S73 EP S73 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600390 ER PT J AU Janisiewicz, WJ Kurtzman, C AF Janisiewicz, W. J. Kurtzman, C. TI Yeast microflora of nectarines SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Janisiewicz, W. J.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Kurtzman, C.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S74 EP S74 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600392 ER PT J AU Jansky, SH AF Jansky, S. H. TI Verticillium wilt resistance in US potato breeding programs SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Jansky, S. H.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S74 EP S74 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600393 ER PT J AU Jia, Y Liu, G McClung, A AF Jia, Y. Liu, G. McClung, A. TI Development of the recombinant inbred line population of tropical Japonica Lemont crossed with Indica Jasmine 85 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Jia, Y.; McClung, A.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Liu, G.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S75 EP S75 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600397 ER PT J AU Jin, X AF Jin, X. TI Evaluation of seed coating formulations of Trichoderma harzianum on cucumber seeds against pre- and post-emergence damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Jin, X.] USDA ARS, Mid S Area, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S75 EP S75 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600400 ER PT J AU Johnson, EG Krasnoff, SB Bignell, DR Chung, W Parry, RJ Loria, R Gibson, DM AF Johnson, E. G. Krasnoff, S. B. Bignell, D. R. Chung, W. Parry, R. J. Loria, R. Gibson, D. M. TI The non-ribosomal peptide synthetase TxtB from plant-pathogenic Streptomyces uses 4-nitrotryptophan as a substrate for thaxtomin biosynthesis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Johnson, E. G.] Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [Parry, R. J.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX USA. [Bignell, D. R.; Loria, R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Chung, W.] Seed Improvement & Propagat Stn, Hsinshe Taichung, Taiwan. [Krasnoff, S. B.; Gibson, D. M.] USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Johnson, Evan/B-9864-2008 OI Johnson, Evan/0000-0001-7672-2120 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S76 EP S76 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600406 ER PT J AU Jones, R AF Jones, R. TI Cellulose binding domain encoding genes in Phytophthora SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Jones, R.] USDA ARS, PSI, GIFVL, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S76 EP S76 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600408 ER PT J AU Jordan, R Kinard, G Guaragna, M AF Jordan, R. Kinard, G. Guaragna, M. TI Genome organization and nucleotide sequences of Pelargonium ringspot, Pelargonium line pattern, and Elderberry latent viruses, distinct new species within Tombusviridae SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Kinard, G.] USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Jordan, R.; Guaragna, M.] USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum Floral & Nursery Plants Res, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S76 EP S77 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600409 ER PT J AU Jurick, WM Vico, I McEvoy, JL Janisiewicz, W Conway, WS AF Jurick, W. M. Vico, I. McEvoy, J. L. Janisiewicz, W. Conway, W. S. TI Isolation, purification and biochemical characterization of a polygalacturonase produced by Penicillium solitum in 'Golden Delicious' apple (Malus domestica Borkh) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Janisiewicz, W.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Vico, I.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Agr, Inst Plant & Food Protect, Belgrade, Serbia. [Jurick, W. M.; McEvoy, J. L.; Conway, W. S.] USDA ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S77 EP S77 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600411 ER PT J AU Juzwik, J O'Brien, J Evenson, C Castillo, P Mahal, G AF Juzwik, J. O'Brien, J. Evenson, C. Castillo, P. Mahal, G. TI Preventing spread of the oak wilt pathogen in an operational disease control program SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Mahal, G.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [O'Brien, J.] US Forest Serv, NA State & Private Forestry, St Paul, MN USA. [Castillo, P.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. [Juzwik, J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S77 EP S77 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600413 ER PT J AU Juzwik, J Haugen, L Park, J AF Juzwik, J. Haugen, L. Park, J. TI Bitternut hickory stem cankers and bark necrosis resulting from inoculations with Ceratocystis spp. and Fusarium solani SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Park, J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Haugen, L.] US Forest Serv, NA State & Private Forestry, St Paul, MN USA. [Juzwik, J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S77 EP S77 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600412 ER PT J AU Karasev, AV Doija, VV Guaragna, MA Jordan, R AF Karasev, A. V. Doija, V. V. Guaragna, M. A. Jordan, R. TI Two viruses are associated with Carnation necrotic fleck disease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Doija, V. V.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Guaragna, M. A.; Jordan, R.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Karasev, A. V.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S78 EP S78 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600418 ER PT J AU Karunakaran, M Vallad, GE Atallah, ZK Klosterman, SJ Davis, MR Subbarao, KV AF Karunakaran, M. Vallad, G. E. Atallah, Z. K. Klosterman, S. J. Davis, M. R. Subbarao, K. V. TI Analysis of molecular variability among the isolates of Verticillium dahliae from diverse host species based on fluorescence-based amplified fragment length polymorphism SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Klosterman, S. J.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. [Karunakaran, M.; Atallah, Z. K.; Davis, M. R.; Subbarao, K. V.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vallad, G. E.] Univ Florida, Wimauma, FL USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S78 EP S79 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600420 ER PT J AU Khodjibaeva, SM Zolotilina, GD Tashpulatov, JJ Stipanovic, R AF Khodjibaeva, S. M. Zolotilina, G. D. Tashpulatov, J. J. Stipanovic, R. TI Microbial antagonists of Verticillium dahliae colonize cotton root system SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Khodjibaeva, S. M.; Zolotilina, G. D.; Tashpulatov, J. J.] Inst Microbiol, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. [Stipanovic, R.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S80 EP S81 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600431 ER PT J AU Kim, MS Klopfenstein, NB Richardson, BA Hanna, JW McDonald, GI AF Kim, M. -S. Klopfenstein, N. B. Richardson, B. A. Hanna, J. W. McDonald, G. I. TI Toward determining the influence of climate change on Armillaria root disease in western North America SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Kim, M. -S.; Klopfenstein, N. B.; Richardson, B. A.; Hanna, J. W.; McDonald, G. I.] USDA Forest Serv RMRS, Moscow, ID USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S192 EP S192 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601053 ER PT J AU Kim, S Harrington, TC Flint, ML Liu, D Lee, JC Seybold, SJ AF Kim, S. Harrington, T. C. Flint, M. L. Liu, D. Lee, J. C. Seybold, S. J. TI Ophiostomataceae associated with the exotic bark beetle, Hylurgus ligniperda (Coleoptera : Scolytidae), in California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Seybold, S. J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Flint, M. L.; Liu, D.; Lee, J. C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kim, S.; Harrington, T. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S82 EP S82 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600437 ER PT J AU Klosterman, SJ Veronese, P Dobinson, KF Subbarao, K Heiman, DI Young, S Kodira, CD Alvarado, L Galagan, J Birren, B Cuomo, C Anchieta, A Kang, S Gold, SE Ma, LJ AF Klosterman, S. J. Veronese, P. Dobinson, K. F. Subbarao, K. Heiman, D. I. Young, S. Kodira, C. D. Alvarado, L. Galagan, J. Birren, B. Cuomo, C. Anchieta, A. Kang, S. Gold, S. E. Ma, L. -J. TI Verticillium comparative genomics: Understanding pathogenicity and diversity SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Klosterman, S. J.; Anchieta, A.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Veronese, P.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Subbarao, K.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. [Heiman, D. I.; Young, S.; Kodira, C. D.; Alvarado, L.; Galagan, J.; Birren, B.; Cuomo, C.; Ma, L. -J.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Heiman, D. I.; Young, S.; Kodira, C. D.; Alvarado, L.; Galagan, J.; Birren, B.; Cuomo, C.; Ma, L. -J.] MIT, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kang, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Gold, S. E.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S185 EP S185 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125601012 ER PT J AU Klosterman, SJ Hayes, RJ AF Klosterman, S. J. Hayes, R. J. TI Development of a rapid pathogenicity assay for Verticillium dahliae using early flowering lettuce SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Klosterman, S. J.; Hayes, R. J.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S83 EP S83 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600443 ER PT J AU Kousik, CS Adkins, ST Turechek, WW Roberts, PD AF Kousik, C. S. Adkins, S. T. Turechek, W. W. Roberts, P. D. TI Management of whitefly-transmitted viral watermelon vine decline in Florida SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Kousik, C. S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. [Adkins, S. T.; Turechek, W. W.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Roberts, P. D.] Univ Florida, IFAS, SWFREC, Immokalee, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S85 EP S85 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600455 ER PT J AU Kwak, Y Bakker, PA Glandorf, DC Paulitz, T Weller, DM AF Kwak, Y. Bakker, P. A. Glandorf, D. C. Paulitz, T. Weller, D. M. TI Diversity, virulence and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol sensitivity of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici isolates from Washington State SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Kwak, Y.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Glandorf, D. C.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Bakker, P. A.] Univ Utrecht, Plant Microbe Interact, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Paulitz, T.; Weller, D. M.] ARS Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. RI Bakker, Peter/B-9355-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S85 EP S86 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600459 ER PT J AU Lacy, GH Smith, EF AF Lacy, G. H. Smith, E. F. TI Bacillus phytophthorus Appel SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Lacy, G. H.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Smith, E. F.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S7 EP S7 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600023 ER PT J AU Lakshman, DK Alkharouf, NW AF Lakshman, D. K. Alkharouf, N. W. TI Analysis of gene expression of Rhizoctonia solani, (AG-4) to understand its virulence and biology SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Alkharouf, N. W.] Towson Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Towson, MD USA. [Lakshman, D. K.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600461 ER PT J AU Larkin, RP Tavantzis, S Bernard, E Alyokhin, A Erich, S Gross, S AF Larkin, R. P. Tavantzis, S. Bernard, E. Alyokhin, A. Erich, S. Gross, S. TI Compost and biological amendment effects on soilborne disease and soil microbial communities SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Larkin, R. P.] USDA ARS, Orono, ME USA. [Tavantzis, S.; Bernard, E.; Alyokhin, A.; Erich, S.; Gross, S.] Univ Maine, Orono, ME USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S86 EP S87 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600464 ER PT J AU Larsen, R Miklas, P Kurowski, C AF Larsen, R. Miklas, P. Kurowski, C. TI A major QTL is associated with resistance to curly top virus in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) landrace G122 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Kurowski, C.] Harris Moran Seed Co, Davis, CA USA. [Larsen, R.; Miklas, P.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S87 EP S87 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600466 ER PT J AU Lartey, RT Caesar-TonThat, T Hanson, S Evans, RG AF Lartey, R. T. Caesar-TonThat, T. Hanson, S. Evans, R. G. TI ELISA and PCR survey for Cercospora beticola in field soils from three upper Midwest States of the United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Lartey, R. T.; Caesar-TonThat, T.; Hanson, S.; Evans, R. G.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S87 EP S87 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600467 ER PT J AU Lee, I Bonner, KD Sun, M AF Lee, I. Bonner, K. D. Sun, M. TI A newly emerging potato disease associated with 16SrIII phytoplasmas in Montana SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Lee, I.; Bonner, K. D.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sun, M.] Montana State Univ, Extens Serv, Potato Lab, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S88 EP S88 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600472 ER PT J AU Lee, S Jia, Y AF Lee, S. Jia, Y. TI Analysis of genomic variation of rice blast resistance gene Pi-ta in Oryza species SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Jia, Y.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Lee, S.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S87 EP S88 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600470 ER PT J AU Lee, S Wang, X Jia, Y AF Lee, S. Wang, X. Jia, Y. TI Identification and characterization of interacting proteins of the AVR-Pita metalloprotease of Magnaporthe oryzae using the yeast two-hybrid system SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Jia, Y.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Lee, S.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Wang, X.] Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S88 EP S88 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600471 ER PT J AU Li, R Mock, R Huang, Q Abad, J Hartung, J Kinard, G AF Li, R. Mock, R. Huang, Q. Abad, J. Hartung, J. Kinard, G. TI A reliable and inexpensive method of nucleic acid extraction for the PCR-based detection of diverse plant pathogens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Abad, J.] USDA APHIS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Li, R.; Mock, R.; Huang, Q.; Hartung, J.; Kinard, G.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S89 EP S89 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600480 ER PT J AU Li, S Young, LD AF Li, S. Young, L. D. TI Evaluation of selected soybean genotypes for resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Li, S.; Young, L. D.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Product Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S89 EP S89 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600476 ER PT J AU Li, Y Windham, MT Trigiano, RN Windham, AS Reed, SM Spiers, JM Rinehart, TA AF Li, Y. Windham, M. T. Trigiano, R. N. Windham, A. S. Reed, S. M. Spiers, J. M. Rinehart, T. A. TI Effects of host resistance and shading density on the disease severity of hydrangea leaf spot SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Windham, M. T.; Trigiano, R. N.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. [Li, Y.; Windham, A. S.] Univ Tennessee, Soil Plant & Pest Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. [Reed, S. M.] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Planst Res Unit, McMinnville, TN USA. [Spiers, J. M.; Rinehart, T. A.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Hort Res Lab, Poplarville, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S89 EP S89 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600477 ER PT J AU Lim, H Vaira, A Reinsel, MD Bae, H Hammond, J AF Lim, H. Vaira, A. Reinsel, M. D. Bae, H. Hammond, J. TI Infectious clones of Alternanthera mosaic virus inducing distinct symptoms aid identification of symptom determinants SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Lim, H.; Reinsel, M. D.; Bae, H.] CNR, IVV, I-10126 Turin, Italy. [Hammond, J.] USDA ARS, USNA, FNPRU, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S90 EP S90 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600485 ER PT J AU Lindeberg, M Collmer, A Schneider, DJ AF Lindeberg, M. Collmer, A. Schneider, D. J. TI Pseudomonas syringae - gene characterization and genome mapping for the next generation SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2008 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Lindeberg, M.; Collmer, A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Schneider, D. J.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Schneider, David/H-2236-2012 OI Schneider, David/0000-0002-2124-8385 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP S90 EP S91 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304RC UT WOS:000256125600487 ER EF