FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Garland, S Goheen, S Donald, P McDonald, L Campbell, J AF Garland, Shaun Goheen, Steven Donald, Pat McDonald, Luther Campbell, James TI Application of Derivatization Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for the Identification and Quantitation of Pinitol in Plant Roots SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Derivatization; electron ionization; gas chromatography; mass spectrometry; pinitol ID CARBOHYDRATE; ACCUMULATION; METABOLISM; TOLERANCE; SALINITY; INOSITOL; LEGUMES AB Pinitol (D-3-O-methyl-chiro-inositol), a cyclitol, has a variety of roles in plant biology, and is being used as a nutritional supplement. These applications increase the importance of finding new methods for determining the pinitol content in plant tissues. A reliable method for the identification and quantitation of pinitol using trimethylsilyl imidazole (TMSI) derivatization and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was developed. One major ion fragment, m/z 260, was used to quantify pinitol in three plant species. Soybeans contained approximately 1.9mg/g wet weight pinitol while levels in sugar beets and snap beans were below detection limits. C1 [Goheen, Steven; Campbell, James] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Garland, Shaun] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biomed Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Donald, Pat] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Jackson, TN USA. [McDonald, Luther] Univ W Florida, Dept Chem, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA. RP Campbell, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Box 999,Battelle Blvd,MS P8-08, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM james.campbell@pnl.gov FU Center for Science and Engineering Education at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Department of Energy, Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RLO 1830] FX This work was supported by the Center for Science and Engineering Education at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Department of Energy, Office of Science. This research was conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC05-76RLO 1830. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-2719 J9 ANAL LETT JI Anal. Lett. PY 2009 VL 42 IS 13 BP 2096 EP 2105 AR PII 914771762 DI 10.1080/00032710903082531 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 493WU UT WOS:000269770400013 ER PT J AU Mitchell, AD AF Mitchell, A. D. TI Effect or ractopamine on growth and body composition of pigs during compensatory growth SO ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE swine; compensatory growth; ractopamine; dual X-ray absorptiometry ID PORCINE ADIPOSE-TISSUE; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; GROWING-PIGS; CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS; FINISHING SWINE; FEED RESTRICTION; CUTTING YIELDS; PROTEIN; PERFORMANCE; HYDROCHLORIDE AB The purpose of this study was to measure the growth and body composition of pigs during normal or compensatory growth from 60 to 100 kg, without (cont) or with ractopamine (rac) supplementation (20 mg/kg of diet), Thirty-four pigs were scanned by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for body composition analysis at a starting weight of 61.4 +/- 0.3 kg and at a final weight of 100.4 +/- 0.5 kg. Half the pigs were fed ad libitum throughout (8 cont and 9 rac). The other half were fed at maintenance for 8 weeks and then scanned again by DXA. Following the maintenance feeding, the pigs were fed ad libitum (9 cont and 8 rac) to the final weight. Compensatory growth resulted in a 30% increase in the rate of weight gain (1.23 v. 0.94 kg/day, P < 0.05), including a 44% increase in the rate of lean tissue deposition (0.90 v. 0.62 kg/day, P < 0.05), but no change in the rate of fat deposition (0.31 v. 0.30 kg/day, P > 0.05). Feeding rac resulted in a 13% increase in the rate of weight gain (1.15 v. 1.02 kg/day, P < 0.05), consisting of a 29% increase in the rate of lean tissue deposition (0.86 v. 0.67 kg/day, P < 0.05) and an 18% reduction in the rate of fat deposition (0.27 v. 0.33 kg/day, P < 0.05). The effects of ractopamine on the rates of fat and lean tissue deposition were similar for pigs continuously fed ad libitum and those experiencing compensatory growth. Both compensatory growth and the addition of ractopamine to the diet resulted in an improvement in efficiency of protein deposition; however, ractopamine also resulted in a reduction in the efficiency of energy deposition. For both growth rate and lean tissue deposition, there was an additive effect for ractopamine and compensatory growth. Thus, feeding ractopamine will enhance the growth and body composition during compensatory growth in swine. C1 ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mitchell, AD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Alva.Mitchell@ars.usda.gov RI Biguzzi, Felipe/E-4724-2015 NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1751-7311 J9 ANIMAL JI Animal PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 173 EP 180 DI 10.1017/S1751731108003285 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA 393RT UT WOS:000262391100019 PM 22444184 ER PT J AU Uebing-Czipura, AU Dawson, HD Rutherford, MS Scherba, G AF Uebing-Czipura, A. U. Dawson, H. D. Rutherford, M. S. Scherba, G. TI TRANSCRIPTOME PROFILE AND CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF IMMORTALIZED NEURONALLY RESTRICTED PROGENITOR CELLS DERIVED FROM THE PORCINE OLFACTORY BULB SO ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cytogenetic analysis; Neuronal aneuploidy; Porcine neuronal progenitor cell line; Transcriptome pattern ID ROSTRAL MIGRATORY STREAM; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NEURAL PROGENITOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; BETA; GROWTH; DIFFERENTIATION; INSTABILITY; SNAP-25 AB Recently, we established and phenotypically characterized an immortalized porcine olfactory bulb neuroblast cell line, OBGF400 (1). To facilitate the future application of these cells in studies of neurological dysfunctions and neuronal pathogen interactions, a comprehensive knowledge of their genomic variability and overall gene expression capacity was pursued. Accordingly, the OBGF400 cells were subjected to karyotyping and more extensive transcriptome analyses. Cytogenetic characterization of these cells revealed a genetic mosaicism of neuronal hyperdiploidy. A direct comparison of the OBGF400 cell transcriptome pattern, generated by utilizing the Affymetrix GeneChip (R) Porcine Genome Array, to that of a non-neural, porcine epithelial cell line facilitated the identification of 831 probe sets preferentially hybridized by the neuroblast transcripts. Subsequent functional annotation of these OBGF400 RNAs using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery 2008 enabled their allocation to the corresponding gene ontology biological process term, thereby assisting the recognition of key elements involved in the regulation of neuronal signal transduction and neurogenesis. C1 [Uebing-Czipura, A. U.; Scherba, G.] Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Urbana, IL 61802 USA. [Dawson, H. D.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Rutherford, M. S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Scherba, G (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, 2001 S Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL 61802 USA. EM scherba@illinois.edu RI Dawson, Harry/H-8242-2013 FU University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Cytogenetics Facility; NIH [P30CA047904]; Public Health Service [5R21AI61380-2]; National Institutes of Health FX The authors thank Dr.J.Drnevich for the statistical analysis of the microarrays and Dr. M. A. Wallig for advice on the karyotype analysis. The cytogenetic studies were carried out by D. Lewis and Dr. S. M. Gollin in the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Cytogenetics Facility, supported in part by NIH grant P30CA047904 to Ronald B. Herberman. The authors also thank Dr. W. M. Schnitzlein for his editorial review of the manuscript. This material is based upon work partially supported by the Public Health Service Award No. 5R21AI61380-2 from the National Institutes of Health. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1049-5398 J9 ANIM BIOTECHNOL JI Anim. Biotechnol. PY 2009 VL 20 IS 4 BP 186 EP 215 DI 10.1080/10495390903139950 PG 30 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 500PE UT WOS:000270314800002 PM 19937495 ER PT B AU Li, CJ Elsasser, TH Li, RW AF Li, Congjun Elsasser, Ted H. Li, Robert W. BE Rechi, LJ TI EPIGENETIC REGULATION IN BOVINE CELLS: NUTRIENT-INDUCED MODULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION AND CELLULAR FUNCTIONS SO ANIMAL GENETICS SE Animal Science Issues and Professions LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR; CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; COLONIC EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SODIUM-BUTYRATE; DNA-REPLICATION; GROWTH-FACTORS; COLORECTAL-CANCER; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; BINDING-PROTEINS; DIVISION CYCLE AB Research on epigenetics and nutrigenetics, the genome-nutrient interface and is in its infancy with respect to livestock species. Ruminant species have evolved to metabolize short-chain fatty acids (VFA) to fulfill up to 70% of their energy requirements. Our studies revealed that VFA, especially butyrate, participate in metabolism as nutrients and as inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDAC), which are one of the most important types of epigenetic regulators. The detailed mechanisms by which butyrate induces cell growth arrest and apoptosis were analyzed using global gene expression profiles and the Ingenuity Pathways Knowledge Base. Gene expression profiling with high-density oligonucleotide microarrays indicated that butyrate induces many significant changes in the expression of genes associated with many regulatory pathways that are critical to cell growth, immune response and signal transduction. The functional category and pathway analyses of the microarray data revealed that several canonical pathways (Cell cycle: G2/M DNA damage checkpoint; pyrimidine metabolism; Cell cycle: G1/S Checkpoint Regulation; and purine metabolism; insulin-like growth factor axis components) were significantly affected. Butyrate Induced cell cycle arrest in bovine cells through targeting gene expression relevant to DNA replication apparatus. Our results also suggest that IGF2, not IGF1, along with its receptor (IGF2R) played a critical role in regulating cell cycle progression and programmed cell death. The present findings provide an example of epigenetic regulation of genome at work and basis for understanding the full range of the biological roles and the molecular mechanisms that butyrate may play in human and animal cell growth, proliferation, and energy metabolism. C1 [Li, Congjun; Elsasser, Ted H.; Li, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Li, CJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60741-844-3 J9 ANIM SCI ISSUES PROF PY 2009 BP 153 EP 173 PG 21 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA BPH46 UT WOS:000278854900006 ER PT S AU Cushman, RA Allan, MF Kuehn, LA AF Cushman, Robert A. Allan, Mark F. Kuehn, Larry A. BE Rosati, A Tewolde, A Mosconi, C TI Achievements of research in reproduction sciences SO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND ANIMAL SCIENCE WORLDWIDE: WAAP BOOK OF THE YEAR 2007: A REVIEW ON DEVELOPMENTS AND RESEARCH IN LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS SE WAAP Book of the Year LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE fertility; marker assisted management; functional genomics; genetical genomics; pharmacogenetics ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LEUKOCYTES; PERIPARTURIENT DAIRY-COWS; AFFECTING TWINNING RATE; GERMAN HOLSTEIN CATTLE; SOMATIC-CELL SCORE; BEEF-CATTLE; MESSENGER-RNA; GENETIC-PARAMETERS; OVULATION RATE C1 [Cushman, Robert A.; Allan, Mark F.; Kuehn, Larry A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Cushman, RA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Bob.Cushman@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WAGENINGEN ACAD PUBL PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 220, 6700 AE WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1125 BN 978-90-8686-656-4 J9 WAAP BOOK YEAR PY 2009 VL 4 BP 59 EP 65 D2 10.3920/978-90-8686-656-4 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA BGX15 UT WOS:000324477600007 ER PT J AU Barrell, GK Schaafsma, SCT Ridgway, MJ Wellby, M Miller, LA AF Barrell, G. K. Schaafsma, S. C. T. Ridgway, M. J. Wellby, M. Miller, L. A. TI Effects of a synthetic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist, leuprolide, on rut-associated events in male red deer SO ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE agonistic behaviour; contraception; luteinising hormone; liveweight; testosterone; rut ID CERVUS-ELAPHUS; PLASMA TESTOSTERONE; BODY CONDITION; ANTLER GROWTH; GNRH; STAGS; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; IMMUNIZATION; REPRODUCTION; FERTILITY AB This study examined the effectiveness of leuprolide, a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist, in suppressing rut-associated events in farmed male red deer. In mid-January (similar to 6 weeks before the rut period in the southern hemisphere) adult red deer (Cervus elaphus scoticus) stags that had been allocated to three groups (n = 10 per group) received leuprolide, administered subcutaneously in a 90-day release formulation, at zero (control), low (22.5 mg) or high (45 mg) doses. Following treatment with leuprolide there was evidence of suppression of mean plasma luteinising hormone concentration that was significant (P < 0.05) at 9 weeks. Mean plasma testosterone concentration of all three groups rose following treatment, then declined prematurely in the low- and high-dose leuprolide-treated groups, so that it was significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed (0.66 +/- 0.29 and 2.0 +/- 0.88 ng mL(-1), low and high dose respectively) in early April when the peak value (9.0 +/- 1.94 ng mL(-1)) was recorded from control stags. A reduction in mean liveweight occurred in all three groups through February-April and this did not differ among treatments. However, a corresponding reduction in mean body condition score was greater in the control stags (P < 0.05). There was little effect of leuprolide treatment on aggressive behaviours, but it lowered roaring frequency in the latter period of the rut. The results indicate that this gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist has potential for application in the deer farming industry to suppress undesirable effects of the rut. C1 [Barrell, G. K.; Schaafsma, S. C. T.; Ridgway, M. J.; Wellby, M.] Lincoln Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand. [Miller, L. A.] USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Prod Dev Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Barrell, GK (reprint author), Lincoln Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, POB 84, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand. EM graham.barrell@lincoln.ac.nz NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-5787 J9 ANIM PROD SCI JI Anim. Prod. Sci. PY 2009 VL 49 IS 12 BP 1120 EP 1124 DI 10.1071/AN09080 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 520LW UT WOS:000271847000011 ER PT J AU Quaglino, F Zhao, Y Bianco, PA Wei, W Casati, P Durante, G Davis, RE AF Quaglino, F. Zhao, Y. Bianco, P. A. Wei, W. Casati, P. Durante, G. Davis, R. E. TI New 16Sr subgroups and distinct single nucleotide polymorphism lineages among grapevine Bois noir phytoplasma populations SO ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Genetic diversity; phytoplasma classification; restriction fragment length polymorphism; single nucleotide polymorphisms ID HYALESTHES-OBSOLETUS HEMIPTERA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CANDIDATUS PHYTOPLASMA; STOLBUR PHYTOPLASMA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; RFLP ANALYSIS; HOST PLANTS; YELLOWS AB Bois noir (BN) is all insect-transmitted grapevine yellows disease caused by phytoplasmas belonging to the stolbur subgroup 16SrXII-A. In Italy, increasing prevalence of stolbur phytoplasma strains in vineyards suggests progressive spread of the disease and potential for heavy impacts oil file wine industry. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity of stolbur phytoplasma strains in BN phytoplasma populations. Nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA genes from stolbur phytoplasma strains affecting vineyards in the Lombardy region of Italy and stolbur phytoplasma 16S rDNA sequences retrieved from GenBank were subjected to virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Calculation of virtual restriction similarity coefficients revealed the presence Of new subgroups in group 16SrXII (stolbur phytoplasma group). Representative strains of confirmed new subgroups 16SrXII-F (XII-F) and XII-G and tentative new subgroups XII-Al through XII-A19, XII-H, XII-I, and XII-J as well as known subgroup XII-A were from grapevines; strains representing three additional tentative new subgroups (XII-K, XII-L and XII-M) were from other plant hosts. Nucleotide sequence alignments identified no less than nine genetically distinct 16S rDNA single nucleotide polymorphism lineages from grapevine, indicating a high degree of genetic heterogeneity within BN phytoplasma poputations. The findings open new opportunities for in-depth studies of the distribution of grapevine-associated 16SrXII phytoplasma strains in weeds, insect vector populations and grapevines from vineyards located ill different geographic areas. C1 [Quaglino, F.; Zhao, Y.; Wei, W.; Davis, R. E.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Quaglino, F.; Bianco, P. A.; Casati, P.; Durante, G.] Univ Milan, Ist Patol Vegetale, Milan, Italy. RP Davis, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM robert.davis@ars.usda.gov OI Casati, Paola/0000-0001-6152-8712; Bianco, Piero Attilio/0000-0002-9541-1923; QUAGLINO, FABIO/0000-0001-8866-0633 NR 42 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0003-4746 J9 ANN APPL BIOL JI Ann. Appl. Biol. PY 2009 VL 154 IS 2 BP 279 EP 289 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7348.2008.00294.x PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 452OE UT WOS:000266549700013 ER PT J AU Halbert, SE Corsini, D Wiebe, M Vaughn, SF AF Halbert, S. E. Corsini, D. Wiebe, M. Vaughn, S. F. TI Plant-derived compounds and extracts with potential as aphid repellents SO ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aphididae; Homoptera; plant volatiles; repellent ID MYZUS-PERSICAE; MONOTERPENES; OIL; HOMOPTERA; VULGARIS; ROSEMARY; VIRUS AB We devised a method for screening various Substances for possible aphid repellency . Corn leaf aphids (Rhopalosiphum maidis) were released in an arena and allowed to select paired green tiles coated with petroleum jelly alone or pctroleuni Jelly containing 1% of file substance being tested. Aphids adhering to tiles were Counted 24 h later. 11 significantly fewer aphids landed on treated tiles, file Substance was considered to have potential for repelling aphids. Fifty-five substances were tested. Most showed no activity, but several including beta-citronellol, farnesol, geraniol, linalool, oils distilled from several species of Artemisia and Achillea millefolia (yarrow) oil showed sonic promise. C1 [Halbert, S. E.; Corsini, D.; Wiebe, M.; Vaughn, S. F.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Sci, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID USA. [Vaughn, S. F.] USDA ARS, New Crops Proc & Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Halbert, SE (reprint author), FDACS, Div Plant Ind, POB 147100, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA. EM halbers@doacs.state.fl.us NR 18 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0003-4746 J9 ANN APPL BIOL JI Ann. Appl. Biol. PY 2009 VL 154 IS 2 BP 303 EP 307 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7348.2008.00300.x PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 452OE UT WOS:000266549700015 ER PT J AU Shimono, H Bunce, JA AF Shimono, Hiroyuki Bunce, James A. TI Acclimation of nitrogen uptake capacity of rice to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID NO3-UPTAKE; DIURNAL REGULATION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SOYBEAN PLANTS; ENRICHMENT; ROOTS; GROWTH; CARBON; YIELD; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Nitrogen (N) is a major factor affecting yield gain of crops under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations [CO2]. It is well established that elevated [CO2] increases root mass, but there are inconsistent reports on the effects on N uptake capacity per root mass. In the present study, it was hypothesized that the responses of N uptake capacity would change with the duration of exposure to elevated [CO2]. The hypothesis was tested by measuring N uptake capacity in rice plants exposed to long-term and short-term [CO2] treatments at different growth stages in plants grown under non-limiting N conditions in hydroponic culture. Seasonal changes in photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate were also measured. In the long-term [CO2] study, leaf photosynthetic responses to intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were not affected by elevated [CO2] before the heading stage, but the initial slope in this response was decreased by elevated [CO2] at the grain-filling stage. Nitrate and ammonium uptake capacities per root dry weight were not affected by elevated [CO2] at panicle initiation, but thereafter they were reduced by elevated [CO2] by 31-41 % at the full heading and mid-ripening growth stages. In the short-term study (24 h exposures), elevated [CO2] enhanced nitrate and ammonium uptake capacities at the early vegetative growth stage, but elevated [CO2] decreased the uptake capacities at the mid-reproductive stage. This study showed that N uptake capacity was downregulated under long-term exposure to elevated [CO2] and its response to elevated [CO2] varied greatly with growth stage. C1 [Shimono, Hiroyuki] Natl Agr Res Ctr Tohoku Reg, Climate Change Lab, Shimokuriyagawa, Iwate 0200198, Japan. [Bunce, James A.] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Shimono, H (reprint author), Iwate Univ, Fac Agr, Crop Sci Lab, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 0208550, Japan. EM shimn@iwate-u.ac.jp FU Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists FX We are grateful to Dr Dennis Timlin for his excellent presentation about modelling the effects of N uptake that provided a hint for the present analysis. We thank Mrs Frances Caulfield for the maintenance of the growth chambers and plants, Dr Junko Sakurai, Dr Mari Murai, Dr Kensaku Suzuki and Dr Takami Hayashi, of the National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region, Japan, for the information about environmental conditions for growing rice, and the anonymous reviewers for invaluable comments and suggestions. This study was supported by a research fellowship from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists. NR 31 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 36 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 103 IS 1 BP 87 EP 94 DI 10.1093/aob/mcn209 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 383MS UT WOS:000261678300010 PM 18952623 ER PT J AU Goodman, RC Jacobs, DF Apostol, KG Wilson, BC Gardiner, ES AF Goodman, Rosa C. Jacobs, Douglass F. Apostol, Kent G. Wilson, Barrett C. Gardiner, Emile S. TI Winter variation in physiological status of cold stored and freshly lifted semi-evergreen Quercus nigra seedlings SO ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll fluorescence; cold hardiness; electrolyte leakage; LT(50); net photosynthesis; tardily deciduous; transplant stress; water oak ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; DOUGLAS-FIR SEEDLINGS; CONIFER SEEDLINGS; RUBRA SEEDLINGS; STORAGE; GROWTH; HARDINESS; CARBON; TIME; TEMPERATURES AB Water oak (Quercus nigra L.) is a tardily deciduous species commonly planted in afforestation projects in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley, USA. Field performance is often marked by low survival rates and top dieback, which may be associated with poor physiological quality of planting stock. We investigated physiological status of cold stored (2-4 degrees.C;CS) and freshly lifted (FL) seedlings during the period between lifting and planting (December-February). In mid-February, seedlings were transplanted into a controlled greenhouse environment for 90 d to evaluate post-transplant growth performance. Net photosynthetic rates were positive until late January (generally greater in CS seedlings) and became negative thereafter. FL seedlings generally had lower LT(50) values from freeze-induced electrolyte leakage (FIEL), reflecting greater cold hardiness. FIEL of foliage provided the best indicator of physiological status, though terminal buds may serve as a suitable substitute. All seedlings experienced top dieback following transplant; CS seedlings had less relative root-collar diameter, height, and root volume increments. Cold storing seedlings did not appear to prolong dormancy, increase stress resistance, or hold promise as a means to improve outplanting success. Regardless of storage regime, seedlings appeared to be most cold hardy and perhaps stress resistant until late January. C1 [Goodman, Rosa C.; Jacobs, Douglass F.; Apostol, Kent G.; Wilson, Barrett C.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gardiner, Emile S.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Jacobs, DF (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM djacobs@purdue.edu FU Agricultural Research Program; USDA Forest Service State and Private Forestry; Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center; Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University FX This project was supported by the Agricultural Research Program in the College of Agriculture, USDA Forest Service State and Private Forestry, the Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center, and the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University. LDAF Nursery in Monroe, Louisiana supplied seedlings. We appreciate technical assistance and/or coordination from A. Davis, G. Hernandez, R. Overton, and M. Selig. Gilbert Aussenac and two anonymous referees provided very helpful comments that improved the manuscript. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 7 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1286-4560 J9 ANN FOREST SCI JI Ann. For. Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 66 IS 1 AR 103 DI 10.1051/forest/2008081 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 401EB UT WOS:000262921000003 ER PT J AU Dungan, RS Kim, LS Weon, HY Leytem, AB AF Dungan, Robert S. Kim, Long-Shik Weon, Hang-Yeon Leytem, April B. TI The characterization and composition of bacterial communities in soils blended with spent foundry sand SO ANNALS OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacterial communities; PCR-DGGE; phylogeny; spent foundry sand; 16S rRNA gene ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; RHIZOSPHERE; AMPLIFICATION; DIVERSITY; PROFILES; METALS; GROWTH AB The purpose of this research was to characterize the structure and composition of bacterial communities in sandy loam and silty clay soils amended with 30% spent sand from iron, aluminum, and steel foundries. All spent foundry sand (SFS) blends were grown with or without perennial ryegrass and samples were collected at 4 weeks and 6 months. Regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified using PCR and subsequently analyzed by DGGE and sequenced for bacterial identification and phylogenetic classification. Cluster analyses of PCR-DGGE banding patterns revealed that SFS blends from week 4 and month 6 produced unique clusters, with most ryegrass treatments clustering away from those without ryegrass. The diversity of the bacterial community revealed that it was generally higher in the SFS blends without ryegrass. By month 6 in treatments without ryegrass, the diversity in the sandy loam blends was similar to the control, while the diversity in all silty clay blends was greater than the control. Phylogenetic analysis of bacterial isolates (total of 309) from the SFS blends showed that they were dominated by Actinobacteria (46%), Proteobacteria (29%), and Bacilli (20%), with fewer numbers belonging to Bacteroidetes (5%). While the addition of SFS to soil does bring about bacterial community level changes, these changes are similar to that of blending soil with clean silica sand. C1 [Dungan, Robert S.; Leytem, April B.] USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Kim, Long-Shik] GIMB, Uljin Gun 767813, Gyeongsangbuk D, South Korea. [Weon, Hang-Yeon] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Rural Dev Adm, Suwon 441853, South Korea. RP Dungan, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 North,3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM robert.dungan@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU INST MICROBIOLOGIA PI MILAN PA VIA CELORIA 2, 20133 MILAN, ITALY SN 1590-4261 J9 ANN MICROBIOL JI Ann. Microbiol. PY 2009 VL 59 IS 2 BP 239 EP 246 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 465SB UT WOS:000267606200007 ER PT J AU Yeum, KJ Mayer, J AF Yeum, Kyung-Jin Mayer, Jean TI HOW EFFECTIVE IS DIET FOR IMPACTING ANTIOXIDANT STATUS/OXIDATIVE STRESS? SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM kyungjin.yeum@tufts.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 23 EP 23 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827200082 ER PT J AU Joseph, J Shukitt-Hale, B Fisher, D AF Joseph, James Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Fisher, Derek TI QUENCHING THE "FIRES" OF BRAIN AGING VIA WALNUT OR BERRY SUPPLEMENTATION SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Joseph, James; Shukitt-Hale, Barbara; Fisher, Derek] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 46 EP 46 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827200171 ER PT J AU Olney, DK Peerson, JM Allen, LH AF Olney, Deanna K. Peerson, Janet M. Allen, Lindsay H. TI MULTIPLE MICRONUTRIENTS RATHER THAN TWO OR FEWER MICRONUTRIENTS IMPROVES GROWTH, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES IN MICRONUTRIENT-DEFICIENT CHILDREN SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Olney, Deanna K.] Int Food Policy Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Peerson, Janet M.; Allen, Lindsay H.] Univ Calif Davis, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Allen, Lindsay H.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 71 EP 71 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827200265 ER PT J AU Agarwal, S Sethi, V Agarwal, P Agnihotri, A Banerjee, S Sharma, M Chatterjee, M Nord, M AF Agarwal, Siddharth Sethi, Vani Agarwal, Praween Agnihotri, Ayushi Banerjee, Sainath Sharma, Mukesh Chatterjee, Mainak Nord, Mark TI LEVELS AND PREDICTORS OF FOOD INSECURITY AMONG URBAN POOR OF MEERUT (INDIA) SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Agarwal, Siddharth; Sethi, Vani; Agnihotri, Ayushi; Banerjee, Sainath; Sharma, Mukesh; Chatterjee, Mainak] Urban Hlth Resource Ctr, Delhi, India. [Agarwal, Praween] Int HIV AIDS Alliance, Delhi, India. [Nord, Mark] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RI Agarwal, Siddharth/L-5337-2015 OI Agarwal, Siddharth/0000-0002-4293-435X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 94 EP 94 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827200352 ER PT J AU Armstrong, P Allayee, H Kelley, D Staggers, F Stephensen, C AF Armstrong, Patrice Allayee, Hooman Kelley, Darshan Staggers, Frank, Sr. Stephensen, Charles TI EFFECT OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACID SUPPLEMENTATION AND ALOX5 PROMOTER VARIANTS ON LIPID PROFILES IN AFRICAN-AMERICANS SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kelley, Darshan; Stephensen, Charles] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Allayee, Hooman] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Staggers, Frank, Sr.] Alta Bates Med Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 112 EP 112 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827200418 ER PT J AU Wang, J Yin, SA Grusak, MA Russell, RM Tang, GW AF Wang, Jie Yin Shian Grusak, Michael A. Russell, Robert M. Tang Guangwen TI VITAMIN A EQUIVALENCE OF beta-CAROTENE FROM PLANT FOODS IN CHINESE ADULTS ASSESSED BY STABLE-ISOTOPE REFERENCE METHOD SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wang, Jie] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yin Shian] Natl Inst Nutr & Food Safety, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Russell, Robert M.; Tang Guangwen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827200465 ER PT J AU Warodomwichit, D Sritara, P Ordovas, JM Sura, T Jongjirasiri, S Laothamatas, J Yamwong, S Busabaratana, M Pingsuthiwong, S Jayanama, K AF Warodomwichit, Daruneewan Sritara, Piyamitr Ordovas, Jose M. Sura, Thanyachai Jongjirasiri, Sutipong Laothamatas, Jiraporn Yamwong, Sukit Busabaratana, Manisa Pingsuthiwong, Sarinee Jayanama, Kulapong TI LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE S447X POLYMORPHISM, TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS, CORONARY CALCIFICATION AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN THAIS SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Warodomwichit, Daruneewan; Sritara, Piyamitr; Sura, Thanyachai; Jongjirasiri, Sutipong; Laothamatas, Jiraporn; Yamwong, Sukit; Busabaratana, Manisa; Pingsuthiwong, Sarinee; Jayanama, Kulapong] Mahidol Univ, Ramathibodi Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 157 EP 157 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827200593 ER PT J AU Huang, T Tucker, KL Crott, J Parnell, LD Li, D Ordovas, JM Lai, CQ AF Huang Tao Tucker, Katherine L. Crott, Jimmy Parnell, Laurence D. Li Duo Ordovas, Jose M. Lai Chaoqiang TI MTHFR 1298 A > C INTERACTS WITH POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID TO MODULATE PLASMA HOMOCYSTINE IN BOSTON PUERTO RICAN SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Li Duo] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Tucker, Katherine L.; Crott, Jimmy; Parnell, Laurence D.; Ordovas, Jose M.; Lai Chaoqiang] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; Huang, Tao/C-5641-2014 OI Huang, Tao/0000-0002-0328-1368 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 324 EP 325 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827201274 ER PT J AU Warodomwichit, D Ordovas, JM Sritara, P Sura, T Jongjirasiri, S Laothamatas, J Yamwong, S Busabaratana, M Pingsuthiwong, S Anutarapongpan, K AF Warodomwichit, Daruneewan Ordovas, Jose M. Sritara, Piyamitr Sura, Thanyachai Jongjirasiri, Sutipong Laothamatas, Jiraporn Yamwong, Sukit Busabaratana, Manisa Pingsuthiwong, Sarinee Anutarapongpan, Kraisorn TI APOA5-1131T > C POLYMORPHISM, LIPIDS, METABOLIC SYNDROME AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN THAIS SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Warodomwichit, Daruneewan; Sritara, Piyamitr; Sura, Thanyachai; Jongjirasiri, Sutipong; Laothamatas, Jiraporn; Yamwong, Sukit; Busabaratana, Manisa; Pingsuthiwong, Sarinee; Anutarapongpan, Kraisorn] Mahidol Univ, Ramathibodi Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 447 EP 447 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827201775 ER PT J AU Warodomwichit, D Komindr, S Sritara, P Ordovas, JM Jongjirasiri, S Laothamatas, J Sura, T Yamwong, S Busabaratana, M Pingsuthiwong, S Yingchoncharoen, T AF Warodomwichit, Daruneewan Komindr, Surat Sritara, Piyamitr Ordovas, Jose M. Jongjirasiri, Sutipong Laothamatas, Jiraporn Sura, Thanyachai Yamwong, Sukit Busabaratana, Manisa Pingsuthiwong, Sarinee Yingchoncharoen, Teerapat TI GENDER-SPECIFIC ASSOCIATION OF THE CETP TAQ1B POLYMORPHISM WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN THAIS SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Warodomwichit, Daruneewan; Komindr, Surat; Sritara, Piyamitr; Jongjirasiri, Sutipong; Laothamatas, Jiraporn; Sura, Thanyachai; Yamwong, Sukit; Busabaratana, Manisa; Pingsuthiwong, Sarinee; Yingchoncharoen, Teerapat] Mahidol Univ, Ramathibodi Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 448 EP 448 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827201776 ER PT J AU Islam, N Baranowski, T Buday, R Baranowski, J Thompson, D Cullen, K Watson, K Beltran, A Martin, S Dadabhoy, H De Gutierrez, SHA Douglass, D AF Islam, Noemi Baranowski, Tom Buday, Richard Baranowski, Janice Thompson, Debbe Cullen, Karen Watson, Kathy Beltran, Alicia Martin, Shelby Dadabhoy, Hafza De Gutierrez, Su-heyla Adame Douglass, Deirdre TI 24-HOUR DIETARY RECALLS FOR CHILDREN-ADAPTING THE ASA24 SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Islam, Noemi; Baranowski, Tom; Baranowski, Janice; Thompson, Debbe; Cullen, Karen; Watson, Kathy; Beltran, Alicia; Martin, Shelby; Dadabhoy, Hafza; De Gutierrez, Su-heyla Adame; Douglass, Deirdre] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA, ARS,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Buday, Richard] Archimage Inc, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 451 EP 451 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827201788 ER PT J AU Shen, LR Lai, CQ Li, D Ordovas, JM Kang, JX AF Shen, Li R. Lai, Chao Q. Li, Duo Ordovas, Jose M. Kang, Jing X. TI DROSOPHILA LACKS C20 AND C22 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Shen, Li R.; Li, Duo] Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Lai, Chao Q.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kang, Jing X.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Kang, Jing X.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 452 EP 452 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827201793 ER PT J AU Wilson, JF Mandell, JR Singh, A AF Wilson, Judy F. Mandell, Jane R. Singh, Anita TI EAT SMART.PLAY HARD CAMPAIGN'S POWER PARTNERS FOR COMPREHENSIVE IMPLEMENTATION SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wilson, Judy F.] USDA, Alexandria, VA USA. [Mandell, Jane R.; Singh, Anita] Food & Nutr Serv, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 567 EP 568 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827202264 ER PT J AU Wilson, JF Singh, A Lockett, A Walker, M McCormick, M AF Wilson, Judy F. Singh, Anita Lockett, Alice Walker, Melissa McCormick, Maura TI DEVELOPMENT OF A NATIONAL REPORTING SYSTEM FOR SNAP NUTRITION EDUCATION SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wilson, Judy F.] USDA, Alexandria, VA USA. [Singh, Anita; Lockett, Alice; Walker, Melissa; McCormick, Maura] Food & Nutr Serv, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 578 EP 578 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827202307 ER PT J AU Wilson, JF Blum-Kemelor, D Singh, A White, A AF Wilson, Judy F. Blum-Kemelor, Donna Singh, Anita White, Alicia TI STATE NUTRITION ACTION PLAN (SNAP): COLLABORATING TO ACHIEVE COMMON DIETARY GOALS SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wilson, Judy F.] USDA, Alexandria, VA USA. [Blum-Kemelor, Donna] Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA USA. [Singh, Anita; White, Alicia] Food & Nutr Serv, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 578 EP 578 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827202306 ER PT J AU Peters, BSE dos Santos, LC Fisberg, M Wood, RJ Martini, LA AF Emo Peters, Barbara Santarosa dos Santos, Luana Caroline Fisberg, Mauro Wood, Richard James Martini, Ligia Araujo TI Prevalence of Vitamin D Insufficiency in Brazilian Adolescents SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE Vitamin D status; Adolescents, Brazilian; Physical activity; Peak bone mass ID PEAK BONE MASS; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; D DEFICIENCY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; HYPOVITAMINOSIS-D; MINERAL DENSITY; CHILDREN; WOMEN; GIRLS; 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D AB Background/Aims: Cutaneous sun exposure and dietary vitamin D intake are important determinants of vitamin D status. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the vitamin D status of a group of healthy adolescent students living in Brazil. Methods: One hundred and thirty-six adolescents, 64 boys and 72 girls, aged 16-20 years old, living in a rural town in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, participated in this study. Results: The mean dietary vitamin D intake was 140 (120-156) IU/day [3.5 (3.0-3.9) mu g/day]. Only 14.9% of the students met the daily adequate intake recommendation of vitamin D. Only 27.9% practice physical activity outdoors and 17.6% of the adolescents apply sunscreen daily. The mean 25(OH)D concentration was 73.0 (22.0) nmol/l [29.2 (8.8) ng/ml]. Vitamin D insufficiency was observed in 60% of adolescents. Conclusions: The present study suggests that even in a sunny climate like Brazil the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in adolescents is high. Most likely this is due to low intakes of vitamin D in this group. Due to the limited extent of natural dietary sources of vitamin D, a policy of vitamin D food fortification should be considered in the future, and in the meantime greater use of vitamin D supplements in this population group should be encouraged to provide the increased amounts of this essential nutrient for optimal health. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Emo Peters, Barbara Santarosa; Martini, Ligia Araujo] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [dos Santos, Luana Caroline] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Sch Nursing, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Fisberg, Mauro] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Div Pediat, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Wood, Richard James] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Mineral Bioavailabil Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Martini, LA (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Av Dr Arnaldo 715, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM lmartini@usp.br RI Martini, Ligia/C-7279-2012; Peters, Barbara/D-3393-2013; Fisberg, Mauro/E-7149-2010; Santos, Luana/D-5666-2014 OI Fisberg, Mauro/0000-0003-2992-3215; FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [04/15312-9, 05/50089-1] FX This study was supported by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) under protocol No. 04/15312-9 and No. 05/50089-1. NR 41 TC 49 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 7 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 54 IS 1 BP 15 EP 21 DI 10.1159/000199454 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 416ST UT WOS:000264026500003 PM 19194104 ER PT J AU Achon, M Alonso-Aperte, E Varela-Moreiras, G Selhub, J AF Achon, Maria Alonso-Aperte, Elena Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio Selhub, Jacob TI Mild Methionine Excess Does Not Affect Thymidylate Synthesis or Inflammation Markers Expression in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE Methionine; Folic acid; Homocysteine; Deoxyuridine suppression test; Inflammation markers; Atherogenesis; Endothelial cells; Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; Receptor for advanced glycation end products; Matrix metalloproteinase-9 ID MEGALOBLASTIC BONE-MARROW; ADHESION MOLECULES; MONOCYTE ADHESION; DNA-SYNTHESIS; HOMOCYSTEINE; HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; RATS; DISEASE; ATHEROMA AB Background: Recent studies in animal models have shown that high methionine intakes induce atherosclerotic changes that may be exacerbated when deficiencies of vitamins B 6, B 12 and folate are present. However, the mechanism underlying this possible atherogenic effect remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of methionine on the folate-dependent thymidylate-DNA synthesis, as a possible mechanism of atherogenicity, as well as the effect of high methionine/low folate on several key inflammation markers, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in human aortic endothelial cells. Methods: Deoxyuridine suppression test was performed in order to evaluate thymidylate synthesis. To examine the expression of inflammation markers, cells were exposed to high methionine/low folate media for 9 days. Results: The assayed methionine levels (0.1, 0.5 and 5 m M) did not affect the de novo thymidylate-DNA synthesis. Consistent with this result, methionine (1 and 2.5 mM), alone or in combination with folate deficiency, increased homocysteine levels but did not induce the expression of the inflammation markers evaluated. Conclusion: Under the study conditions, methionine was not able to exert the atherogenic mechanism proposed and did not have the hypothesized inflammatory consequences in human aortic endothelial cells. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Achon, Maria; Alonso-Aperte, Elena; Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio] Univ San Pablo CEU, Fac Farm, Dipartimento Nutr Bromatol & Tecnol Alimentos, ES-28668 Madrid, Spain. [Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamin Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Achon, M (reprint author), Univ San Pablo CEU, Fac Farm, Dipartimento Nutr Bromatol & Tecnol Alimentos, ES-28668 Madrid, Spain. EM achontu@ceu.es FU Vitamin Metabolism Laboratory; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center; Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain FX This work was financed by the Vitamin Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and also by the Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 54 IS 1 BP 28 EP 34 DI 10.1159/000205317 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 416ST UT WOS:000264026500005 PM 19246892 ER PT J AU Boone, CG Buckley, GL Grove, JM Sister, C AF Boone, Christopher G. Buckley, Geoffrey L. Grove, J. Morgan Sister, Chona TI Parks and People: An Environmental Justice Inquiry in Baltimore, Maryland SO ANNALS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN GEOGRAPHERS LA English DT Review DE Baltimore; environmental justice; parks; segregation ID LOS-ANGELES; RACIAL-INEQUALITY; HAZARDOUS-WASTE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; URBAN PARKS; EQUITY; NEIGHBORHOOD; CITY; ACCESSIBILITY; CALIFORNIA AB This article examines the distribution of parks in Baltimore, Maryland, as an environmental justice issue. In addition to established methods for measuring distribution of and access to parks, we employ a novel park service area approach that uses Thiessen polygons and dasymetric reapportioning of census data to measure potential park congestion as an equity outcome measure. We find that a higher proportion of African Americans have access to parks within walking distance, defined as 400 meters or less, than whites, but whites have access to more acreage of parks within walking distance than blacks. A needs-based assessment shows that areas with the highest need have the best access to parks but also have access to less acreage of parks compared to low-need areas. Park service areas that are predominantly black have higher park congestion than areas that are predominantly white, although differences are less apparent at the city level than at the metropolitan level. Following Iris Young and others, we argue that conceptions of justice must move beyond distributive justice and address the social and institutional mechanisms that generate inequities. For Baltimore, we examine how segregation ordinances, racial covenants, improvement associations, the Home Owners Loan Corporation, and the Parks and Recreation Board created separate black spaces historically underserved with parks. These mechanisms ultimately fueled middle-class flight and suburbanization and black inheritance of much of Baltimore's space, including its parks. If justice demands just distribution justly achieved, the present-day pattern of parks in Baltimore should be interpreted as environmental injustice. C1 [Boone, Christopher G.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Buckley, Geoffrey L.] Ohio Univ, Dept Geog, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Grove, J. Morgan] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Sister, Chona] Global Inst Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Boone, CG (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM cgboone@asu.edu; buckleg1@ohio.edu; mgrove@fs.fed.us; Chona.Sister@asu.edu NR 115 TC 95 Z9 97 U1 8 U2 82 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0004-5608 EI 1467-8306 J9 ANN ASSOC AM GEOGR JI Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr. PY 2009 VL 99 IS 4 BP 767 EP 787 AR PII 913872947 DI 10.1080/00045600903102949 PG 21 WC Geography SC Geography GA 491LR UT WOS:000269580800008 ER PT J AU Lauzon, CR McCombs, SD Potter, SE Peabody, NC AF Lauzon, C. R. McCombs, S. D. Potter, S. E. Peabody, N. C. TI Establishment and Vertical Passage of Enterobacter (Pantoea) agglomerans and Klebsiella pneumoniae through All Life Stages of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE symbiosis; reproduction; sterile insect technique ID RHAGOLETIS-POMONELLA DIPTERA; APPLE MAGGOT DIPTERA; FLIES DIPTERA; BIOFILM FORMATION; BACTERIA; ATTRACTION; CULTURES; AMMONIA; FOOD AB We investigated the fate of ingested Enterobacter (Pantoea) agglomerans and Klebsiella pneumoniae within adult Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), ill a mass rearing facility. This examination revealed the establishment of both bacterial strains as biofilms within the adult intestines, oil the apical end of developing and developed eggs, and throughout all subsequent life stages. The bacteria were detected ill adults through two generations. Irradiation treatment for the sterile insect technique did not disrupt the vertical transmission of E. (P.) agglomerans or K. pneumoniae. This is the first demonstration of maternal spread of Enterobacter/ Pantoea spp. and Klebsiella spp. through populations of C. capitata. A mixed pattern of vertical and horizontal transmission of symbionts associated with tephritids may be one explanation for the difficulty ill defining the symbiotic associations of tephritids. C1 [Lauzon, C. R.; Potter, S. E.] Calif State Univ Hayward, Dept Sci Biol, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. [McCombs, S. D.; Peabody, N. C.] USDA APHIS PPQ Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Fruit Fly Genet & Management Lab, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. RP Lauzon, CR (reprint author), Calif State Univ Hayward, Dept Sci Biol, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. EM carol.lauzon@csueastbay.edu FU The California Department of Food and Agriculture; The University of California Integrated Pest Management Program of the USDA FX We thank Kingsley Fisher, Stuart Stein, and Jon Nishimoto of the USDA APHIS for lending technical support, an Drs. Denise Schichnes and Steve Ruzin of the Biological Imaging Facility at The University of California, Berkeley, for assistance and use of the facilities. We also thank Neil Wright and Song-So Min of the California Department of Food and Agriculture for supplying pupae and David Robacker and Wee Yee, both scientists with the USDA ARS, for helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This work was supported by grants provided by The California Department of Food and Agriculture and The University of California Integrated Pest Management Program of the USDA. NR 36 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 21 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0013-8746 EI 1938-2901 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 102 IS 1 BP 85 EP 95 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 393QN UT WOS:000262387900009 ER PT S AU Gray, ME Sappington, TW Miller, NJ Moeser, J Bohn, MO AF Gray, Michael E. Sappington, Thomas W. Miller, Nicholas J. Moeser, Joachim Bohn, Martin O. TI Adaptation and Invasiveness of Western Corn Rootworm: Intensifying Research on a Worsening Pest SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY SE Annual Review of Entomology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; maize rotation ID DIABROTICA-VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA; CHRYSOMELIDAE LARVAL INJURY; EAST-CENTRAL ILLINOIS; INSECT RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT; PROLONGED DIAPAUSE TRAIT; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; CROP-ROTATION; POPULATION-GENETICS; COLEOPTERA-CHRYSOMELIDAE; STEINERNEMA-CARPOCAPSAE AB The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is an established insect pest of maize (Zea mays L.) in North America. The rotation of maize with another crop, principally soybeans, Glycine wax (L.), was the primary management strategy utilized by North American producers and remained highly effective until the mid-1990s. In 1995, widespread and severe root injure, occurred in east-central Illinois and northern Indiana maize fields that had been annually rotated with so beans on a regular basis for several decades. The failure of this cultural tactic from a pest management perspective was attributed to a behavioral adaptation by a variant western corn rootworm that had lost fidelity to maize for egg laying. In 1992, an infestation of western corn rootworm was found within a small maize field near the Belgrade Airport. B)72007, the presence of this insect pest had been confirmed in 20 European countries. More recent Molecular Studies have confirmed that at least three separate invasions (until 2004) of western corn rootworms have Occurred in Europe, increasing the risk that rotation-resistant western corn rootworms will be introduce(] into a new continent. Although biological control and use of conventional resistant maize hybrids have not achieved widespread Success in the management of western corn rootworms in North America, these tactics are being evaluated in Europe. C1 [Gray, Michael E.; Bohn, Martin O.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sappington, Thomas W.; Miller, Nicholas J.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Moeser, Joachim] Univ Gottingen, Dept Crop Sci, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. RP Gray, ME (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM megray@illinois.edu; Tom.Sappington@ars.usda.gov; nicholas.miller@ars.usda.gov; jmoeser@gwdg.de; mbohn@illinois.edu RI Miller, Nicholas/I-4119-2012 OI Miller, Nicholas/0000-0001-9827-8286 NR 121 TC 163 Z9 168 U1 13 U2 72 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4170 BN 978-0-8243-0154-5 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 2009 VL 54 BP 303 EP 321 DI 10.1146/annurev.ento.54.110807.090434 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 394VX UT WOS:000262482300017 PM 19067634 ER PT S AU Ammar, ED Tsai, CW Whitfield, AE Redinbaugh, MG Hogenhout, SA AF Ammar, El-Desouky Tsai, Chi-Wei Whitfield, Anna E. Redinbaugh, Margaret G. Hogenhout, Saskia A. TI Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Rhabdovirus Interactions with Insect and Plant Hosts SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY SE Annual Review of Entomology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Cytorhabdovirus; Nucleorhabdovirus; insect vectors; virus-host interactions; transmission barriers; propagative transmission ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; MAIZE-MOSAIC-VIRUS; VIRAL MOVEMENT PROTEINS; VEIN CHLOROSIS VIRUS; YELLOW DWARF VIRUS; FINE STREAK VIRUS; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; PEREGRINUS-MAIDIS; GLYCOPROTEIN-G; SIGMA-VIRUS AB The rhabdoviruses form a large family (Rhabdoviridae) whose host ranges include humans, other vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants. There are at least 90 plant-infecting rhabdoviruses, several of which are econoimically important pathogens of various crops. All definitive plant-infecting and many vertebrate-infecting rhabdoviruses are persistently transmitted by insect vectors, and a few putative plant rhabdoviruses are transmitted by mites. plant rhabdoviruses replicate in their plant and arthropod hosts, and transmission by vectors is highly specific, with each virus species transmitted by one or a few related insect species, mainly aphids, leafhoppers, or planthoppers. Here, we provide an overview of plant rhabdovirus interactions with their insect hosts and of how these interactions compare with those of vertebrate-infecting viruses and with the Sigma rhabdovirus that infects Drosophila flies. We focus on cellular and molecular aspects of vector/host specificity, transmission barriers, and virus receptors in the vectors. In addition, we briefly discuss recent advances in understanding rhabdovirus-plant interactions. C1 [Ammar, El-Desouky] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Tsai, Chi-Wei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Whitfield, Anna E.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hogenhout, Saskia A.] John Innes Ctr, Dept Dis & Stress Biol, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. RP Ammar, ED (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM ammar.1@osu.edu; cwtsai@nature.herkeley.edu; aewtospo@ksu.edu; redinbaugh.2@osu.edu; saskia.hogenhout@bbsrc.ac.uk RI Tsai, Chi-Wei/A-8139-2008; Hogenhout, Saskia/D-9266-2012; Redinbaugh, Margaret/A-3611-2013; OI TSAI, CHI-WEI/0000-0002-3880-7251 FU OARDC; USDA-NRI; USDA-ARS; Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research; [09-063-J] FX We thank Jane Todd, Omprakash Miittapalli, Valdir Correa, and Dorith Roteriberg for their Valuable comments oil this manuscript. Work in our laboratories was supported by OARDC, USDA-NRI, USDA-ARS, and Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research. This is Kansas State Experiment Station Contribution No. 09-063-J. NR 106 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 3 U2 31 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4170 BN 978-0-8243-0154-5 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 2009 VL 54 BP 447 EP 468 DI 10.1146/annurev.ento.54.110807.090454 PG 22 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 394VX UT WOS:000262482300024 PM 18793103 ER PT J AU Booth, SL AF Booth, Sarah L. TI Roles for Vitamin K Beyond Coagulation SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION SE Annual Review of Nutrition LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE vitamin K; phylloquinone; menaquinones; osteoporosis; calcification ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; MATRIX GLA PROTEIN; GAMMA-CARBOXYGLUTAMIC ACID; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; SERUM UNDERCARBOXYLATED OSTEOCALCIN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; YOUNG MALE-VOLUNTEERS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; HIP FRACTURE; PHYLLOQUINONE VITAMIN-K-1 AB Recent interest in vitamin K has been motivated by evidence of physiological roles beyond that of coagulation. Vitamin K and vitamin K-dependent (VKD) proteins may be involved in regulation of calcification, energy metabolism, and inflammation. However, the evidence for many of these proposed roles in the maintenance of health is equivocal. There is also an emerging viewpoint that the biochemical function of vitamin K may extend beyond that of a cofactor for the VKD carboxylation of glutamyl residues (Glus) to carboxylated Glus in VKD proteins. C1 Tufts Univ, Vitamin K Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Booth, SL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Vitamin K Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM sarah.booth@tufts.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX Work by the author is supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 141 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 4 U2 26 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0199-9885 EI 1545-4312 J9 ANNU REV NUTR JI Annu. Rev. Nutr. PY 2009 VL 29 BP 89 EP 110 DI 10.1146/annurev-nutr-080508-141217 PG 22 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 498EB UT WOS:000270118600005 PM 19400704 ER PT S AU Klosterman, SJ Atallah, ZK Vallad, GE Subbarao, KV AF Klosterman, Steven J. Atallah, Zahi K. Vallad, Gary E. Subbarao, Krishna V. TI Diversity, Pathogenicity; and Management of Verticillium Species SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY SE Annual Review of Phytopathology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE taxonomy; species concept; host range expansion; host colonization; seed transmission; host resistance ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; V-ALBO-ATRUM; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; RUSSET BURBANK POTATOES; TALAROMYCES-FLAVUS; DAHLIAE MICROSCLEROTIA; SEED TRANSMISSION; METHYL-BROMIDE; OILSEED RAPE; WILT FUNGUS AB The genus Verticillium encompasses phytopathogenic species that cause vascular wilts of plants. In this review, we focus on Verticillium dahliae, placing emphasis on the controversy surrounding the elevation of a long-spored variant as a new species, recent advances in the analysis of compatible and incompatible interactions, highlighted by the use of strains expressing fluorescent proteins, and the genetic diversity among Verticillium spp. A synthesis of the approaches to explore genetic diversity, gene flow, and the potential for cryptic recombination is provided. Control of Verticillium wilt has relied on a panoply of chemical and nonchemical strategies, but is beset with environmental or site-specific efficacy problems. Host resistance remains the most logical choice, but is unavailable in most crops. The genetic basis of resistance to Verticillium wilt is unknown in most crops, as ire the subcellular signaling mechanisms associated with Ve-mediated, race-specific resistance. Increased understanding in each of these areas promises to facilitate management of Verticillium wilts across a broad range of crops. C1 [Klosterman, Steven J.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Atallah, Zahi K.; Subbarao, Krishna V.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vallad, Gary E.] Univ Florida, Wimauma, FL 33598 USA. RP Klosterman, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM kvsubbarao@ucdavis.edu OI Subbarao, Krishna/0000-0002-2075-1835 FU USDA-CSREES-CAR; California Leafy Greens Board; California Strawberry Commission FX The authors are grateful for the presubruission reviews from Dez Barbara, Steve Goodwin, Ryan J. Hayes, Beiquann Mon, and Ivan Simko. We thank our collaborators of the grant entitled "Vei-ticillium comparative genornics-understanding pathogenicity and diversity," USDACSIZEES-NRI proposal number 0627011. Furthermore, funding from the USDA-CSREES-CAR program, the California Leafy Greens Board, and the California Strawberry Commission, which facilitated a number of projects discussed in the review, is gratefully acknowledged. NR 169 TC 180 Z9 214 U1 19 U2 98 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4286 BN 978-0-8243-1347-0 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 2009 VL 47 BP 39 EP 62 DI 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080508-081748 PG 24 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 504CP UT WOS:000270591800003 PM 19385730 ER PT J AU Jackson, AO Lim, HS Bragg, J Ganesan, U Lee, MY AF Jackson, Andrew O. Lim, Hyoun-Sub Bragg, Jennifer Ganesan, Uma Lee, Mi Yeon TI Hordeivirus Replication, Movement, and Pathogenesis SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY SE Annual Review of Phytopathology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE triple gene block movement complexes; Anthoxanthum Latent Blanching Virus (ALBV); Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus (BSMV); Lychnis Ringspot Virus (LRSV); Poa Semilatent Virus (PSLV) ID STRIPE-MOSAIC-VIRUS; TRIPLE GENE BLOCK; TO-CELL MOVEMENT; POA-SEMILATENT-VIRUS; LYCHNIS RINGSPOT VIRUS; DEFECTIVE-INTERFERING RNAS; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN TOPOLOGY; CYSTEINE-RICH PROTEIN; BARLEY-POWDERY MILDEW; TOBACCO RATTLE VIRUS AB The last Hordeivirus review appearing in this series 20 years ago focused on the comparative biology, relationships, and genome organization of members of the genus (68). Prior to the 1989 review, useful findings about the origin, disease occurrence, host ranges, and general biological properties of Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) were summarized in three comprehensive reviews (26, 67, 107). Several recent reviews emphasizing contemporary molecular genetic findings also may be of interest to various readers (15, 3 7, 42, 69, 70, 88, 113). In the current review, we briefly reiterate the biological properties of the four members of the Hordeivirus genus and describe advances in our understanding of organization and expression of the vital genomes. We also discuss the infection processes and pathogenesis of the most extensively characterized Hordeiviruses and frame these advances in the broader context of viruses in other families that have encoded triple gene block proteins. In addition, an overview of recent advances in the use of BSMV for virus-induced gene silencing is presented. C1 [Jackson, Andrew O.; Ganesan, Uma; Lee, Mi Yeon] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lim, Hyoun-Sub] Agr Res Serv, USDA, FNPRU, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bragg, Jennifer] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Jackson, AO (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM andyoj@berkeley.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture Competitive Research Grants Office [CSREES-2008-35319-19225] FX The senior author would like to express deep appreciation to his former postdoctoral mentor, Myron Brakke, who was instrumental in developing BSMV as a model virus, and to his former colleague Richard Lister, who provided an encouraging atmosphere during development of an independent Hordeivirus research program at Purdue. Acknowledgments are also due to the postdoctoral fellows, students, and research assistants who have worked in the Jackson lab over the past 35 years. Without their innovation and help, much of the research described in this review would not have come to fruition. Also, the perspective and experimental findings provided by the Atabekov-Morozov labs have been particularly instrumental in advancing the Hordeivirus field, and much of the work carried out at Berkeley has benefited from their insight. More recent interactions with colleagues Jialin Yu and Dawei Li at China Agricultural University are providing Continuing stimulus to our ongoing collaborative interactions. An acknowledgment is also due to Mark Sorrells who generously discussed his unpublished research findings and provided a copy of the outstanding undergraduate honors thesis written by his student, Ms. Emily Combs. Finally, the Hordeivirus research carried out in the Jackson lab, including the current award (CSREES-2008-35319-19225), has been supported for the past 30 years by the United States Department of Agriculture Competitive Research Grants Office. NR 168 TC 61 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 13 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4286 EI 1545-2107 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 2009 VL 47 BP 385 EP 422 DI 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080508-081733 PG 38 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 504CP UT WOS:000270591800017 PM 19400645 ER PT J AU Vasquez, A Olofsson, TC Sammataro, D AF Vasquez, Alejandra Olofsson, Tobias C. Sammataro, Diana TI A scientific note on the lactic acid bacterial flora in honeybees in the USA - A comparison with bees from Sweden SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Lactobacillus; Bifidobacterium; Apis mellifera; 16S rRNA genotyping; coevolution ID APIS-MELLIFERA C1 [Vasquez, Alejandra; Olofsson, Tobias C.] Lund Univ, Dept Cell & Organism Biol, Microbiol Lab, SE-25108 Helsingborg, Sweden. [Sammataro, Diana] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Honey Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Olofsson, TC (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Cell & Organism Biol, Microbiol Lab, Campus Helsingborg,Ronnowsgatan 6, SE-25108 Helsingborg, Sweden. EM Tobias.Olofsson@cob.lu.se FU Gyllenstiernska Krapperupstiftelsen; Ekhagastiftelsen; Sparbankstiftelsen Skane FX This study was financed by Gyllenstiernska Krapperupstiftelsen, Ekhagastiftelsen and Sparbankstiftelsen Skane. We are grateful for the help of the beekeeper Tage Kimblad, late ass. Prof. Sten Stahl and others for their knowledge and experience, and for their comments and reflections on our work. NR 5 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 19 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 40 IS 1 BP 26 EP 28 DI 10.1051/apido:2008063 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 407SP UT WOS:000263384900004 ER PT J AU van Berkum, P Fuhrmann, JJ AF van Berkum, Peter Fuhrmann, Jeffry J. TI Evidence from Internally Transcribed Spacer Sequence Analysis of Soybean Strains that Extant Bradyrhizobium spp. Are Likely the Products of Reticulate Evolutionary Events SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SP-NOV; BLASTOBACTER-DENITRIFICANS; PHYLOGENETIC NETWORKS; AESCHYNOMENE-INDICA; RHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM; SEROGROUP-110; DIVERSITY; PROPOSAL; COWPEA AB The internally transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of several members within each of 17 soybean bradyrhizobial serogroups were determined to establish whether the regions within all members of each serogroup were identical. The rationale was to provide a sequence-based alternative to serology. The objective also was to link the extensive older literature on soybean symbiosis based on serology with ITS sequence data for more recent isolates from both soybean and other legumes nodulated by rhizobia within the genus Bradyrhizobium. With the exception of serogroup 31 and 110 strains, sequence identity was established within each serogroup. Variation ranged from 0 to 23 nucleotides among serogroup 31 strains, and the regions in the type strains USDA 31 (serogroup 31) and USDA 130 (serogroup 130) were identical. Sequence identity was established among most strains within serogroup 110. The exceptions were USDA 452 and USDA 456, which had ITS sequences that were identical with those of the serotype 124 strain, USDA 124. Perhaps this would imply that USDA 452, USDA 456, and serogroup 31 strains are members of rhizobial lineages resulting from genetic exchange and homologous recombination events. This conclusion would be supported by the construction of a phylogenetic network from the ITS sequence alignment implying that the genomes of extant members of the genus Bradyrhizobium are likely the products of reticulate evolutionary events. A pairwise homoplasy index (phi or Phi(w)) test was used to obtain further evidence for recombination. The ITS sequences of USDA 110 and USDA 124 were more divergent (53 nucleotides) than this region between the type strain Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 6(T) and the proposed species Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense (28 nucleotides) and Bradyrhizobium liaoningense (48 nucleotides). Therefore, support for assigning discrete species boundaries among these three proposed species appears limited, considering the evidence for recombination, the narrow divergence of the ITS sequence, and their relative placement on the phylogenetic network. C1 [van Berkum, Peter] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fuhrmann, Jeffry J.] Univ Delaware, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP van Berkum, P (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, HH-4,Bldg 010,BARC W,Baltimore Blvd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM peter.vanberkum@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 75 IS 1 BP 78 EP 82 DI 10.1128/AEM.01408-08 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 389HZ UT WOS:000262084800008 PM 19011081 ER PT J AU Quinones, B Miller, WG Bates, AH Mandrell, RE AF Quinones, Beatriz Miller, William G. Bates, Anna H. Mandrell, Robert E. TI Autoinducer-2 Production in Campylobacter jejuni Contributes to Chicken Colonization SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; SOURCE OUTBREAK; VIBRIO-HARVEYI; LUXS; GENES; AUTOAGGLUTINATION; TRANSCRIPTION; METABOLISM AB Inactivation of luxS, encoding an AI-2 biosynthesis enzyme, in Campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 significantly reduced colonization of the chick lower gastrointestinal tract, chemotaxis toward organic acids, and in vitro adherence to LMH chicken hepatoma cells. Thus, AI-2 production in C. jejuni contributes to host colonization and interactions with epithelial cells. C1 [Quinones, Beatriz; Miller, William G.; Bates, Anna H.; Mandrell, Robert E.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Quinones, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Beatriz.Quinones@ars.usda.gov FU U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5325-42000-045] FX We thank Felicidad Bautista, Michelle S. Swimley, and Rommel D. Alfonso for technical assistance and Glenn Dulla, Jeri Barak, and Craig T. Parker for critical reading of the manuscript. Bonnie Bassler is acknowledged for kindly providing the Vibrio harveyi reporter strain BB170. NR 45 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 75 IS 1 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.1128/AEM.01803-08 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 389HZ UT WOS:000262084800036 PM 19011073 ER PT J AU Dumagan, JC Ball, VE AF Dumagan, J. C. Ball, V. E. TI Decomposing growth in revenues and costs into price, quantity and total factor productivity contributions SO APPLIED ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID INDEXES; AGRICULTURE; SECTOR; GDP AB This article employs the superlative Fisher and Tornqvist indexes for exact decomposition of growth in nominal revenues and costs. The findings confirm the well-known result that these indexes very closely approximate each other, implying that the mathematically simpler and computationally easier Tornqvist is the more practicable index. Moreover, this article's nominal growth decomposition yields all the results from the more common real growth decomposition and is also more informative for policy purposes. Application to the US agricultural sector during 1948-2001 shows that of the 3.31% average annual growth in revenues, TFP growth contributed 1.90 percentage points (pct. pts.); growth in output prices added 1.43 pct. pts.; while growth in input quantities contributed - 0.02 pct. pts. (i.e. fewer inputs). Therefore, real output growth (or revenue growth less output price growth) was 1.88 pct. pts., revealing that TFP's 1.90 pct. pts. growth contribution was fully responsible for real output growth with fewer inputs. Since revenues measure incomes, these results suggest that policy should focus more on measures to foster TFP growth than on specific price or quantity instruments to enhance income growth. C1 [Ball, V. E.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Dumagan, J. C.] US Dept Commerce, Econ & Stat Adm, Washington, DC 20230 USA. RP Ball, VE (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Room 4201 S,1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM eball@ers.usda.gov NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0003-6846 J9 APPL ECON JI Appl. Econ. PY 2009 VL 41 IS 23 BP 2943 EP 2953 AR PII 789172523 DI 10.1080/00036840701367549 PG 11 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 495UU UT WOS:000269921300002 ER PT J AU Al-Mulla, YA Wu, JQ Singh, P Flury, M Schillinger, WF Huggins, DR Stockle, CO AF Al-Mulla, Y. A. Wu, J. Q. Singh, P. Flury, M. Schillinger, W. F. Huggins, D. R. Stoeckle, C. O. TI SOIL WATER AND TEMPERATURE IN CHEMICAL VERSUS REDUCED-TILLAGE FALLOW IN A MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Winter wheat; Seed-zone water; Chemical fallow; Reduced-tillage fallow; Pacific Northwest; SHAW ID WINTER-WHEAT; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; GERMINATION RESPONSE; EASTERN WASHINGTON; SEEDLING EMERGENCE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; MODEL; STORAGE; HEAT; CALIBRATION AB A 2-year rotation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-summer fallow is a dominant cropping system in the dryland region of the Pacific Northwest United States. Traditional, tillage-based summer fallow relies oil a soil mulch to disrupt capillary continuity to conserve seed-zone water for early establishment of winter wheat. However, tillage to create the soil mulch and to subsequently fertilize and control weeds often results in unacceptable levels of Wind erosion due to the burial of crop residues and the exposure of fine soil particles. Chemical (no-till) fallow (CF) and reduced-tillage fallow (RT) are two alternatives for reducing wind erosion. Our objectives were: (i) to assess the effects of CF and RT oil seed- and root-zone temperature and water regimes; and (ii) to test the Simultaneous Heat and Water (SHAW) model for simulating management effects oil soil temperature and water: Weather data, soil temperature, and water content were monitored in paired CF and RT treatments during April 2003-March 2004. The RT treatment was observed to retain more seed-zone water over summer compared to CF, consistent with relevant literature for Mediterranean environments and of critical importance to farmers. During the wet winter, CF gained more water than RT because of later planting of winter wheat, and thus less water use. Observed soil temperatures were higher in the CF due to its lower dry soil albedo, higher bulk density and thermal diffusivity than in the RT. SHAW-simulated water contents followed the general trend of the field data, though it slightly under-predicted soil water content for CF and over-predicted for R,T SHAW under-predicted soil temperature during the dry summer and over predicted for the wet (November-December) period yet the overall trend was properly described with differences between simulations and observations decreasing with soil depth. Overall, SHAW proved adequate in simulating seed-zone and whole-profile soil water and temperature, and therefore may serve as a useful modeling tool for tillage and residue management. C1 [Wu, J. Q.; Singh, P.; Flury, M.; Stoeckle, C. O.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Al-Mulla, Y. A.] Sultan Qaboos Univ, Dept Soils Water & Agr Engn, Muscat, Oman. [Flury, M.; Schillinger, W. F.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Huggins, D. R.] ARS, USDA, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA USA. RP Singh, P (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM Prabhakar_singh@wsu.edu RI Flury, Markus/H-2983-2012; OI Flury, Markus/0000-0002-3344-3962; Schillinger, William/0000-0001-9285-8159 NR 40 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 25 IS 1 BP 45 EP 54 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 410KZ UT WOS:000263577200006 ER PT J AU Wanjura, JD Parnell, CB Shaw, BW Capareda, SC Lacey, RE AF Wanjura, J. D. Parnell, C. B., Jr. Shaw, B. W. Capareda, S. C. Lacey, R. E. TI SOURCE SAMPLING OF PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSIONS FROM COTTON HARVESTING - SYSTEM DESIGN AND EVALUATION SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Particulate matter; Sampling; PSD; Isokinetic concentration AB State and regional air pollution regulatory agencies are required by federal law to reduce ambient particulate matter concentrations in non-attainment areas to a level in compliance with National Ambient Air Quality Standards. All emission regulations, including reduction regulations, should be based on accurate emission factors. Agricultural particulate matter emission factors are difficult to quantify due to the nature of the emission source, size characteristics of the dust, and environmental factors affecting natural dispersion of the pollutant. Cotton harvesting emission factors developed through previous efforts using indirect techniques employing ambient sampling and dispersion modeling contain substantial levels of uncertainty due to these factors. It was hypothesized that particulate matter emissions from cotton harvesting could be more accurately quantified through direct source measurement than with previously used indirect techniques. The objective of this work was to document the design and evaluation of a system designed to measure emission concentrations onboard a modern six-row cotton picker: The principal functions of the system were to collect all of the seed cotton, air, and foreign material from one cotton transport duct on the harvester; separate the seed cotton from tire air stream, and channel the particulate laden air stream through a duct where an isokinetic emission concentration could be measured. Optimization tests were conducted on the baffle separation section of the system to maximize the removal of seed cotton and large foreign material from the conveying air stream. Additional tests were conducted across the exit duct cross section to investigate air velocity profile and particulate matter concentration patterns. Maximum seed cotton removal was achieved with a straight back wall separator configured with a 47-cm baffle installed at a 52 degrees with the top of the box. No differences in air velocity patterns across the duct were detected at varying rates of seed cotton flow and an isokinetic center point measurement adequately represented the duct average emission concentration and particle size distribution. The findings of this work indicate that it is possible to measure cotton harvester emissions on a direct basis at the source. Thus, resulting emission factors will not have the uncertainty contained in previous emission factors developed through indirect techniques. C1 [Wanjura, J. D.] ARS, USDA, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Parnell, C. B., Jr.; Capareda, S. C.; Lacey, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA. [Shaw, B. W.] Texas Commiss Environm Qual, Austin, TX USA. RP Wanjura, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, 1604 E FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM John.Wanjura@ars.usda.gov RI feng, yongzhong/F-5090-2012 OI feng, yongzhong/0000-0002-5202-4368 FU John Deere; Cotton Incorporated; The Cotton Foundation FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support for this work from John Deere, Cotton Incorporated, and The Cotton Foundation. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 25 IS 1 BP 85 EP 96 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 410KZ UT WOS:000263577200010 ER PT J AU Nimick, DA Gurrieri, JT Furniss, G AF Nimick, David A. Gurrieri, Joseph T. Furniss, George TI An empirical method for estimating instream pre-mining pH and dissolved Cu concentration in catchments with acidic drainage and ferricrete SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MINE DRAINAGE; ROCK-DRAINAGE; TRACE-METALS; ADSORPTION; GOETHITE; IRON; SCHWERTMANNITE; SULFATE; ZN; TRANSFORMATION AB Methods for assessing natural background water quality of streams affected by historical mining are vigorously debated. An empirical method is proposed in which stream-specific estimation equations are generated from relationships between either pH or dissolved Cu concentration in stream water and the Fe/Cu concentration ratio in Fe-precipitates presently forming in the stream. The equations and Fe/Cu ratios for pre-mining deposits of alluvial ferricrete then were used to reconstruct estimated pre-mining longitudinal profiles for pH and dissolved Cu in three acidic streams in Montana, USA. Primary assumptions underlying the proposed method are that alluvial ferricretes and modern Fe-precipitates share a common origin, that the Cu content of Fe-precipitates remains constant during and after conversion to ferricrete, and that geochemical factors other than pH and dissolved Cu concentration play a lesser role in determining Fe/Cu ratios in Fe-precipitates. The method was evaluated by applying it in a fourth, naturally acidic stream unaffected by mining, where estimated pre-mining pH and Cu concentrations were similar to present-day values, and by demonstrating that inflows, particularly from unmined areas, had consistent effects on both the pre-mining and measured profiles of pH and Cu concentration. Using this method, it was estimated that mining has affected about 480 m of Daisy Creek, 1.8 km of Fisher Creek, and at least 1 km of Swift Gulch. Mean values of pH decreased by about 0.6 pH units to about 3.2 in Daisy Creek and by 1-1.5 pH units to about 3.5 in Fisher Creek. In Swift Gulch, mining appears to have decreased pH from about 5.5 to as low as 3.6. Dissolved Cu concentrations increased due to mining almost 40% in Daisy Creek to a mean of 11.7 mg/Land as much as 230% in Fisher Creek to 0.690 mg/L. Uncertainty in the fate of Cu during the conversion of Fe-precipitates to ferricrete translates to potential errors in pre-mining estimates of as much as 0.25 units for pH and 22% for dissolved Cu concentration. The method warrants further testing in other mined and unmined watersheds. Comparison of pre-mining water-quality estimates derived from the ferricrete and other methods in single watersheds would be particularly valuable. The method has potential for use in monitoring remedial efforts at mine sites with ferricrete deposits. A reasonable remediation objective might be realized when the downstream pattern of Fe/Cu ratios in modern streambed Fe-precipitates corresponds to the pattern in pre-mining alluvial ferricrete deposits along a stream valley. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Nimick, David A.] US Geol Survey, Helena, MT 59601 USA. [Gurrieri, Joseph T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Furniss, George] Univ Montana, Dept Geol, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Nimick, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Helena, MT 59601 USA. EM dnimick@usgs.gov OI Nimick, David/0000-0002-8532-9192 FU Northern Region of the USDA-Forest Service; US Geological Survey FX This work was supported by the Northern Region of the USDA-Forest Service and the US Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. Critical reviews of early drafts of this manuscript by K. Walton-Day, C.C. Fuller, D.B. Yager, and two anonymous reviewers were greatly appreciated. Any use of firm, trade, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 67 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 24 IS 1 BP 106 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.007 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 398MT UT WOS:000262736900010 ER PT J AU Wagschal, K Heng, C Lee, CC Wong, DWS AF Wagschal, Kurt Heng, Chamroeun Lee, Charles C. Wong, Dominic W. S. TI Biochemical characterization of a novel dual-function arabinofuranosidase/xylosidase isolated from a compost starter mixture SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arabinofuranosidase; Xylosidase; Bifunctional enzyme; Glycoside hydrolase family 43; Compost; Hemicellulose degradation; Substrate inhibition ID BETA-D-XYLOSIDASE; ALPHA-L-ARABINOFURANOSIDASE; UTILIZATION GENE-CLUSTER; STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; HYDROLYSIS; CELLULOSE; ARABINOSE; ASSAY AB The gene encoding a glycoside hydrolase family 43 enzyme termed deAX was isolated and subcloned from a culture seeded with a compost starter mixed bacterium population, expressed with a C-terminal His(6)-tag, and purified to apparent homogeneity. deAX was monomeric in solution and had a broad pH maximum between pH 5.5 and pH 7. A twofold greater k (cat)/K (m) for the p-nitrophenyl derivative of alpha-l-arabinofuranose versus that for the isomeric substrate beta-d-xylopyranose was due to an appreciably lower K (m) for the arabinofuranosyl substrate. Substrate inhibition was observed for both 4-methylumbelliferryl arabinofuranoside and the xylopyranoside cogener. While no loss of activity was observed over 4 h at 40A degrees C, the observed t (1/2) value rapidly decreased from 630 min at 49A degrees C to 47 min at 53A degrees C. The enzyme exhibited end-product inhibition, with a K (i) for xylose of 145 mM, 18.5 mM for arabinose, and 750 mM for glucose. Regarding natural substrate specificity, deAX had arabinofuranosidase activity on sugar beet arabinan, 1,5-alpha-l-arabinobiose, and 1,5-alpha-l-arabinotriose, and wheat and rye arabinoxylan, while xylosidase activity was detected for the substrates xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose, and arabinoxylan from beech and birch. Thus, deAX can be classified as a dual-function xylosidase/arabinofuranosidase with respect to both artificial and natural substrate specificity. C1 [Wagschal, Kurt; Heng, Chamroeun; Lee, Charles C.; Wong, Dominic W. S.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Wagschal, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM kurt.wagschal@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 BP 855 EP 863 DI 10.1007/s00253-008-1662-4 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 387QE UT WOS:000261965900007 PM 18762936 ER PT B AU Hausman, GJ Poulos, SP AF Hausman, G. J. Poulos, S. P. BE Du, M McCormick, RJ TI Adipose Tissue Development in Extramuscular and Intramuscular Depots in Meat Animals SO APPLIED MUSCLE BIOLOGY AND MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DESATURASE GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; STROMAL-VASCULAR CELLS; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; LONGISSIMUS MUSCLE; LIPID-METABOLISM; FAT DEPOSITION; GROWTH-FACTORS; LARGE WHITE; IGF-I C1 [Hausman, G. J.] ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, APRU, Athens, GA USA. [Poulos, S. P.] Coca Cola Co, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hausman, GJ (reprint author), ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, APRU, Athens, GA USA. NR 104 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-9272-1 PY 2009 BP 67 EP 80 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology; Physiology SC Food Science & Technology; Physiology GA BKK83 UT WOS:000268396100003 ER PT J AU Liu, ZL Song, MZ AF Liu, Zonglin Lewis Song, Mingzhou BE Rai, M Bridge, PD TI Genomic Adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Inhibitors for Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion to Ethanol SO APPLIED MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENE-EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; FERMENTATION INHIBITORS; ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; MICROARRAY DATA; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; ALDEHYDE REDUCTION; FURFURYL ALCOHOL; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; DNA MICROARRAY; FUEL ETHANOL C1 [Liu, Zonglin Lewis] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Song, Mingzhou] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Liu, ZL (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM ZLewis.Liu@ars.usda.gov OI Song, Mingzhou/0000-0002-6883-6547 NR 88 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-534-4 PY 2009 BP 136 EP 155 DI 10.1079/9781845935344.0136 D2 10.1079/9781845935344.0000 PG 20 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mycology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mycology GA BVW82 UT WOS:000293004200009 ER PT J AU Pratt, RG Tewolde, H AF Pratt, R. G. Tewolde, H. TI Soil fungal population levels in cotton fields fertilized with poultry litter and their relationships to soil nutrient concentrations and plant growth parameters SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fungal population levels; Poultry litter; Soil nutrient concentrations; Cotton; Animal waste disposal ID BROILER LITTER; ORGANIC AMENDMENTS; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN; SUPPRESSION; ROTATION; TOLERANT; WATERS; YIELD AB Application to land of large quantities of waste materials from concentrated animal production, without causing environmental pollution, presents a major challenge to agriculture in the 21st century. Effects of land-applied animal wastes on chemical contents of soil are well documented, but less is understood of their effects on microbial populations in soil. This study was undertaken to evaluate effects of commercial application of poultry litter (PL), as a fertilizer, on soil fungal population levels and components on cotton farms in Mississippi, and to determine relationships of fungal population levels to soil nutrient contents and cotton growth and yield. on each of two farms, soil fungal population levels were estimated by dilution plating from samples of soil collected at two sampling times during 2 years from replicated plots of four fertilization treatments: 0 fertilizer, conventional mineral fertilizer (CF), low PL, and high PL. Soil fungal population levels differed significantly (P = 0.05) according to years or seasons and fertilization treatments on both farms. Population levels often were higher in soils amended with low or high PL, or with CF, than in unfertilized controls. On one farm where PL was tilled into soil, fungal population levels increased significantly during the course of the experiment in PL and CF treatments, but not in unfertilized controls, as determined by linear regression. No such increases were observed on the second farm where PL was applied no-till. Population levels of Fusarium semitectum and Penicillium purpurogenum were significantly higher in PL-treated soils than in unfertilized controls in 1 or 2 of 4 sampling events at both farms, while levels of four other species or groups of fungi usually did not differ. Fungal population levels were significantly correlated (P = 0.05) with N concentrations of soils in 1-4 sampling events on each farm and less frequently correlated with concentrations of nine other elements. In 4 of 24 instances, soil fungal population levels were significantly correlated with leaf area index, chlorophyll content, or yield of cotton, and correlation coefficients with these plant parameters were always positive. Major conclusions derived from this study are (1) no deleterious effects on population levels of total or select soil fungi were observed with use of PL as a fertilizer for commercial cotton production; and (2) soil fungal population levels may increase over time in association with greater fertility and plant growth that is induced by both mineral fertilizer and PL applications. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pratt, R. G.; Tewolde, H.] USDA ARS, Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Pratt, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Robert.Pratt@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 1 BP 41 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.08.008 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 400MR UT WOS:000262872800005 ER PT J AU Mitchell, AD Scholz, AM AF Mitchell, Alva D. Scholz, Armin M. TI Relationships among dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, bioelectrical impedance and ultrasound measurements of body composition of swine SO ARCHIV FUR TIERZUCHT-ARCHIVES OF ANIMAL BREEDING LA English DT Article DE dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; bioelectrical impedance; ultrasound; swine; body composition ID FAT-FREE MASS; PORK CARCASS COMPOSITION; IN-VIVO; LAMB CARCASSES; PIGS; PREDICTION; DXA; TECHNOLOGY; TRANSGENE; THICKNESS AB In three separate studies (156 pigs total), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and ultrasound were compared as methods for measuring live body composition of pigs at 60 and 100-110 kg BWt. DXA measured total body fat and lean content, BIA measurements of resistance (Rs) and reactance (Xc) were used to calculate total body lean mass and ultrasound measurements of backfat (BF) depth and longissimus muscle area (LMA) were used to calculate total carcass lean mass. Following the 100-110 kg measurements, the pigs were slaughtered and the half-carcass analyzed chemically for fat and water content. At 110 kg both DXA and ultrasound measurements were significantly correlated with the percentages of carcass fat and water, although correlations were higher for DXA. The correlations between DXA and BF measurements were higher at 110 kg than at 60 kg, whereas they were lower for DXA and LMA. For pigs measured at 100 kg there were high correlations between the DXA values and the BIA estimates for both percentage of fat-free lean mass (FFM %) and FFM kg. Furthermore, the correlations between the BIA estimates of FFM and carcass fat and water content were similar to those for DXA and the same carcass values. This study also provided a side-by-side comparison of the BIA and ultrasound lean measurements relative to DXA and carcass composition. The BIA lean measurement correlated more highly with both DXA and carcass composition than did the ultrasound lean measurement. C1 [Mitchell, Alva D.] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Scholz, Armin M.] Univ Munich, Livestock Ctr, Oberschleissheim, Germany. RP Mitchell, AD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM alva.mitchell@ars.usda.gov OI Scholz, Armin Manfred/0000-0001-7075-0067 NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ARCHIV FUR TIERZUCHT PI DUMMERSTORF PA WILHELM-STAHL-ALLEE 2, D-18196 DUMMERSTORF, GERMANY SN 0003-9438 J9 ARCH TIERZUCHT JI Arch. Tierz.-Arch. Anim. Breed. PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 28 EP 39 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 406RM UT WOS:000263312600005 ER PT J AU Goode, B O'Reilly, C Dunn, J Fullerton, K Smith, S Ghneim, G Keen, J Durso, L Davies, M Montgomery, S AF Goode, Brant O'Reilly, Ciara Dunn, John Fullerton, Kathleen Smith, Stacey Ghneim, George Keen, James Durso, Lisa Davies, Megan Montgomery, Sue TI Outbreak of Escherichia coli O157 H7 Infections After Petting Zoo Visits, North Carolina State Fair, October-November 2004 SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the National-Environmental-Health-Association CY JUN, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP Natl Environm Hlth Assoc ID DOMESTIC-ANIMALS; PREVALENCE; FOOD AB Objectives: To identify cases, describe the outbreak, implement control measures, and identify factors associated with infection or protection from infection, including contact with animals and hand hygiene practices. Design: Case finding, a case-control study of 45 cases and 188 controls, environmental investigation, and molecular subtyping of clinical and environmental Escherichia coli O157: H7 isolates. Setting: The 2004 North Carolina State Fair. Participants: Case patients were fair visitors who had laboratory-confirmed E coli O157 infections, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) diagnoses, or bloody diarrheal illnesses. Control subjects were recruited from a randomized list of persons who had purchased fair tickets online. Environmental samples from the fairgrounds were obtained from locations that had held animals during the fair. Main Exposure: Visiting a petting zoo. Main Outcome Measures: Case finding: Summary descriptive statistics of suspected, probable, or confirmed E coli O157: H7 infections, signs, symptoms, and HUS. Environmental investigation: E coli O157: H7 isolates, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns, and spatial distribution of source locations. Case-control study: Odds ratios (ORs) comparing reported fair-related activities, hygiene practices, and zoonotic disease knowledge with outcome. Results: A total of 108 case patients were ascertained, including 41 with laboratory-confirmed illness and 15 who experienced HUS. Forty-five case patients and 188 controls were enrolled in the case-control study. Visits to a petting zoo having substantial environmental E coli O157: H7 contamination were associated with illness (age-adjusted OR, 8.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.3-20.3). Among children 5 years or younger who had visited the implicated petting zoo, contact with animal manure (OR, 6.9; 95% CI, 2.2-21.9) and hand-to-mouth behaviors (OR, 10.6; 95% CI, 2.0-55.0) were associated with illness. Reported hand hygiene practices did not differ significantly (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 0.3-9.5). Reported awareness of the risk for zoonotic disease was protective (OR, 0.1; 95% CI, 0.03-0.5). Environmental samples from the petting zoo implicated in the case-control study yielded E coli O157: H7, with indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns from the predominant strain. Conclusions: We describe one of the largest petting zoo outbreaks of E coli O157: H7 to date. Persons became infected after contact with manure and engaging in hand-to-mouth behaviors in a petting zoo having substantial E coli O157: H7 contamination. Use of alcohol-based hand-sanitizing gels was not protective, although knowledge of the risk for zoonotic infection was protective. Future investigations in similar outbreaks should assess risks for infection and protective measures (eg, physical barriers separating visitors from animal manure, education, and appropriate hand hygiene practices). C1 [Goode, Brant] Epidem Intelligence Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. [Ghneim, George; Davies, Megan] N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, Gen Communicable Dis Control Branch, Raleigh, NC USA. [Goode, Brant] Hawaii State Dept Hlth, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. [O'Reilly, Ciara; Dunn, John] Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fullerton, Kathleen; Smith, Stacey; Montgomery, Sue] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Keen, James; Durso, Lisa] ARS, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE USA. RP Goode, B (reprint author), Hawaii State Dept Hlth, 1132 Bishop St,Ste 1900, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. EM bwc2@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 7 U2 19 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 163 IS 1 BP 42 EP 48 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 390QO UT WOS:000262179000007 PM 19124702 ER PT J AU Chen, J Avise, J Lamb, B Salathe, E Mass, C Guenther, A Wiedinmyer, C Lamarque, JF O'Neill, S McKenzie, D Larkin, N AF Chen, J. Avise, J. Lamb, B. Salathe, E. Mass, C. Guenther, A. Wiedinmyer, C. Lamarque, J. -F. O'Neill, S. McKenzie, D. Larkin, N. TI The effects of global changes upon regional ozone pollution in the United States SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SURFACE OZONE; METROPOLITAN REGION; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; LAND-USE; MODEL; EMISSIONS; SYSTEM; HEALTH; URBAN AB A comprehensive numerical modeling framework was developed to estimate the effects of collective global changes upon ozone pollution in the US in 2050. The framework consists of the global climate and chemistry models, PCM (Parallel Climate Model) and MOZART-2 (Model for Ozone and Related Chemical Tracers v. 2), coupled with regional meteorology and chemistry models, MM5 (Mesoscale Meteorological model) and CMAQ (Community Multi-scale Air Quality model). The modeling system was applied for two 10-year simulations: 1990-1999 as a present-day base case and 2045-2054 as a future case. For the current decade, the daily maximum 8-h moving average (DM8H) ozone mixing ratio distributions for spring, summer and fall showed good agreement with observations. The future case simulation followed the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) A2 scenario together with business-as-usual US emission projections and projected alterations in land use, land cover (LULC) due to urban expansion and changes in vegetation. For these projections, US anthropogenic NOx (NO+NO2) and VOC (volatile organic carbon) emissions increased by approximately 6% and 50%, respectively, while biogenic VOC emissions decreased, in spite of warmer temperatures, due to decreases in forested lands and expansion of croplands, grasslands and urban areas. A stochastic model for wildfire emissions was applied that projected 25% higher VOC emissions in the future. For the global and US emission projection used here, regional ozone pollution becomes worse in the 2045-2054 period for all months. Annually, the mean DM8H ozone was projected to increase by 9.6 ppbv (22%). The changes were higher in the spring and winter (25%) and smaller in the summer (17%). The area affected by elevated ozone within the US continent was projected to increase; areas with levels exceeding the 75 ppbv ozone standard at least once a year increased by 38%. In addition, the length of the ozone season was projected to increase with more pollution episodes in the spring and fall. For selected urban areas, the system projected a higher number of pollution events per year and these events had more consecutive days when DM8H ozone exceed 75 ppbv. C1 [Chen, J.; Avise, J.; Lamb, B.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Salathe, E.; Mass, C.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Guenther, A.; Wiedinmyer, C.; Lamarque, J. -F.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [O'Neill, S.] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Portland, OR USA. [McKenzie, D.; Larkin, N.] USDA, Forest Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Lamb, B (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM blamb@wsu.edu RI Lamarque, Jean-Francois/L-2313-2014; Guenther, Alex/B-1617-2008; OI Lamarque, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-4225-5074; Guenther, Alex/0000-0001-6283-8288; Chen, Jack/0000-0002-3764-1149 FU US Environment Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results (STAR) [RD-83096201]; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement [NA17RJ1232, 1585]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy; Directorate for Geosciences of the National Science Foundation; Department of Energy; National Science Foundation. FX This work was supported by the US Environment Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results (STAR) grant ( Agreement Number: RD-83096201), and partially funded by the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement No. NA17RJ1232, Contribution # 1585. The authors would like to thank D. Theobald ( Colorado State University) for providing the projected urban and suburban population density distributions, J. Feddema ( University of Kansas) for providing the projected landuse and land cover dataset, and L. Buja and G. Strand ( National Center for Atmospheric Research) for providing the global PCM output. The Parallel Climate Model project was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy and the Directorate for Geosciences of the National Science Foundation. JFL was supported by the SciDAC project from the Department of Energy. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is operated by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research under sponsorship of the National Science Foundation. NR 56 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 29 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2009 VL 9 IS 4 BP 1125 EP 1141 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 411IC UT WOS:000263642000003 ER PT J AU Malloy, QGJ Qi, L Warren, B Cocker, DR Erupe, ME Silva, PJ AF Malloy, Q. G. J. Qi, Li Warren, B. Cocker, D. R., III Erupe, M. E. Silva, P. J. TI Secondary organic aerosol formation from primary aliphatic amines with NO3 radical SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; PARTICLES; IMINE AB Primary aliphatic amines are an important class of nitrogen containing compounds emitted from automobiles, waste treatment facilities and agricultural animal operations. A series of experiments conducted at the UC-Riverside/CECERT Environmental Chamber is presented in which oxidation of methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, and butylamine with O-3 and NO3 have been investigated. Very little aerosol formation is observed in the presence of O-3 only. However, after addition of NO, and by extension NO3, large aerosol mass yields (similar to 44% for butylamine) are seen. Aerosol generated was determined to be organic in nature due to the small fraction of NO and NO2 in the total signal (<1% for all amines tested) as detected by an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). We propose a reaction mechanism between carbonyl containing species and the parent amine leading to formation of particulate imine products. These findings can have significant impacts on rural communities with elevated nighttime PM loadings, when significant levels of NO3 exist. C1 [Malloy, Q. G. J.; Qi, Li; Warren, B.; Cocker, D. R., III] Univ Calif Riverside, Bourns Coll Engn, Dept Environm Chem & Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Malloy, Q. G. J.; Qi, Li; Warren, B.; Cocker, D. R., III] Ctr Environm Res & Technol, Bourns Coll Engn, Riverside, CA USA. [Erupe, M. E.; Silva, P. J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Silva, PJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM phil.silva@ars.usda.gov RI Cocker, David/F-4442-2010 OI Cocker, David/0000-0002-0586-0769 FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0449778, ATM-0735396]; W. M. Keck Foundation; University of California Transportation Research Center FX The author would like to thank Kurt Bumiller, Chuck Buffalino, Lindsay D. Yee, Christina Zapata, Rebecca Austin, Dylan Switzer and Clayton Stothers for experimental setup and support. Funding for this work was provided by National Science Foundation Grants ATM-0449778 and ATM-0735396, W. M. Keck Foundation, and the University of California Transportation Research Center. NR 29 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 6 U2 38 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2009 VL 9 IS 6 BP 2051 EP 2060 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 425GQ UT WOS:000264625400015 ER PT J AU Yokelson, RJ Crounse, JD DeCarlo, PF Karl, T Urbanski, S Atlas, E Campos, T Shinozuka, Y Kapustin, V Clarke, AD Weinheimer, A Knapp, DJ Montzka, DD Holloway, J Weibring, P Flocke, F Zheng, W Toohey, D Wennberg, PO Wiedinmyer, C Mauldin, L Fried, A Richter, D Walega, J Jimenez, JL Adachi, K Buseck, PR Hall, SR Shetter, R AF Yokelson, R. J. Crounse, J. D. DeCarlo, P. F. Karl, T. Urbanski, S. Atlas, E. Campos, T. Shinozuka, Y. Kapustin, V. Clarke, A. D. Weinheimer, A. Knapp, D. J. Montzka, D. D. Holloway, J. Weibring, P. Flocke, F. Zheng, W. Toohey, D. Wennberg, P. O. Wiedinmyer, C. Mauldin, L. Fried, A. Richter, D. Walega, J. Jimenez, J. L. Adachi, K. Buseck, P. R. Hall, S. R. Shetter, R. TI Emissions from biomass burning in the Yucatan SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MEXICO-CITY; SOUTHERN AFRICA; TROPICAL FOREST; TRACE GASES; AIR-QUALITY; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; MCMA-2003 CAMPAIGN; ORGANIC AEROSOLS AB In March 2006 two instrumented aircraft made the first detailed field measurements of biomass burning (BB) emissions in the Northern Hemisphere tropics as part of the MILAGRO project. The aircraft were the National Center for Atmospheric Research C-130 and a University of Montana/US Forest Service Twin Otter. The initial emissions of up to 49 trace gas or particle species were measured from 20 deforestation and crop residue fires on the Yucatan peninsula. This included two trace gases useful as indicators of BB (HCN and acetonitrile) and several rarely, or never before, measured species: OH, peroxyacetic acid, propanoic acid, hydrogen peroxide, methane sulfonic acid, and sulfuric acid. Crop residue fires emitted more organic acids and ammonia than deforestation fires, but the emissions from the main fire types were otherwise fairly similar. The Yucatan fires emitted unusually high amounts of SO2 and particle chloride, likely due to a strong marine influence on this peninsula. As smoke from one fire aged, the ratio Delta O-3/Delta CO increased to similar to 15% in 1x10(7) molecules/cm(3)) that were likely caused in part by high initial HONO (similar to 10% of NOy). Thus, more research is needed to understand critical post emission processes for the second-largest trace gas source on Earth. It is estimated that similar to 44 Tg of biomass burned in the Yucatan in the spring of 2006. Mexican BB (including Yucatan BB) and urban emissions from the Mexico City area can both influence the March-May air quality in much of Mexico and the US. C1 [Yokelson, R. J.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Crounse, J. D.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [DeCarlo, P. F.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [DeCarlo, P. F.; Toohey, D.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Karl, T.; Campos, T.; Weinheimer, A.; Knapp, D. J.; Montzka, D. D.; Weibring, P.; Flocke, F.; Zheng, W.; Wiedinmyer, C.; Mauldin, L.; Fried, A.; Richter, D.; Walega, J.; Hall, S. R.; Shetter, R.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Urbanski, S.] USDA, Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Atlas, E.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Shinozuka, Y.; Kapustin, V.; Clarke, A. D.] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Shinozuka, Y.; Kapustin, V.; Clarke, A. D.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Holloway, J.] NOAA, ESRL, CSD, Boulder, CO USA. [Wennberg, P. O.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Wennberg, P. O.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Adachi, K.; Buseck, P. R.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Adachi, K.; Buseck, P. R.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Yokelson, RJ (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM bob.yokelson@umontana.edu RI Wennberg, Paul/A-5460-2012; Adachi, Kouji/A-2321-2008; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; DeCarlo, Peter/B-2118-2008; Karl, Thomas/D-1891-2009; Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011; Crounse, John/E-4622-2011; Toohey, Darin/A-4267-2008; Holloway, John/F-9911-2012; Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015; Crounse, John/C-3700-2014 OI Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; DeCarlo, Peter/0000-0001-6385-7149; Karl, Thomas/0000-0003-2869-9426; Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808; Toohey, Darin/0000-0003-2853-1068; Holloway, John/0000-0002-4585-9594; Crounse, John/0000-0001-5443-729X FU NSF [ATM-0513055, ATM-0513116, ATM-0449815, ATM-0531926, ATM 0511820]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP); NASA [NNHO5AA86I, NNG06GB03G, NNG04GA59G]; EPA [FP-91650801] FX The authors thank Eric Hintsa and AnneMarie Schmoltner of NSF for supplemental funding for ASU and U Miami, and travel funds for CU to conduct measurements on the Twin Otter. We thank the Twin Otter and C-130 pilots. Thanks go to Sasha Madronich, Luisa Molina, and Jose Meitin for coordinating the overall MILAGRO campaign. The University of Montana and the Twin Otter were supported mostly by NSF grant ATM-0513055. Yokelson was also supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) of DoD. Support for the USFS and Twin Otter was provided by the NASA North American Carbon Plan (NNHO5AA86I). P. F. DeCarlo and J. L. Jimenez were supported by NSF ATM-0513116 and ATM-0449815, NASA NNG06GB03G, and EPA Graduate Fellowship FP-91650801. Participation by Arizona State University was supported by NSF grant ATM-0531926. We gratefully acknowledge the use of TEMs within the LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid State Science at Arizona State University. Support to the University of Miami was provided by NSF (ATM 0511820). X. Zhu and L. Pope provided excellent technical support for the canister trace gas analyses. Support for operation of the Caltech CIMS instrument was provided by NASA (NNG04GA59G) and by EPA-STAR support for J. Crounse. The C-130 forward looking video was provided by NCAR/EOL under sponsorship of the National Science Foundation. http://data.eol.ucar.edu/. NR 98 TC 149 Z9 151 U1 5 U2 62 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2009 VL 9 IS 15 BP 5785 EP 5812 PG 28 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 482HW UT WOS:000268876600023 ER PT J AU Corr, CA Krotkov, N Madronich, S Slusser, JR Holben, B Gao, W Flynn, J Lefer, B Kreidenweis, SM AF Corr, C. A. Krotkov, N. Madronich, S. Slusser, J. R. Holben, B. Gao, W. Flynn, J. Lefer, B. Kreidenweis, S. M. TI Retrieval of aerosol single scattering albedo at ultraviolet wavelengths at the T1 site during MILAGRO SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE UV IRRADIANCE; SKY RADIANCE MEASUREMENTS; CITY METROPOLITAN-AREA; MEXICO-CITY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG; OZONE PRODUCTION; FIELD CAMPAIGN; ABSORPTION AB Surface measurements of direct and diffuse voltages at UV wavelengths were made at the T1 site during the MILAGRO (Megacity Initiative: Local and Global Research Observations) field campaign in March 2006, using a multifilter rotating shadowband radiometer (UV-MFRSR). We used the MFRSR data, together with measurements from a co-located CIMEL Sun photometer at the site operating as part of the AERONET network, to deduce aerosol single scattering albedo (omega) at 368 and 332 nm for four cloud-free days during the study. Our retrievals suggest that T1 aerosols with aerosol extinction optical depth tau(368)> 0.1 that are influenced by Mexico City emissions, blowing dust, and biomass burning, are characterized by low omega(368)=0.73-0.85 and omega(332)=0.70-0.86, with small or no spectral variation of omega between 368 and 332 nm. Our findings are consistent with other published estimates of omega for Mexico City aerosols, including those that suggest that the absorption attributable to these aerosols is enhanced at UV wavelengths relative to visible wavelengths. We also demonstrate, via sensitivity tests, the importance of accurate tau and surface albedo measurements in omega retrievals at UV wavelengths. C1 [Corr, C. A.; Kreidenweis, S. M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Krotkov, N.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 20771 USA. [Madronich, S.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80407 USA. [Slusser, J. R.; Gao, W.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, USDA, UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Holben, B.; Lefer, B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Flynn, J.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Corr, CA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM ccorr@cisunix.unh.edu RI Krotkov, Nickolay/E-1541-2012; Madronich, Sasha/D-3284-2015; Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016; Kreidenweis, Sonia/E-5993-2011 OI Krotkov, Nickolay/0000-0001-6170-6750; Madronich, Sasha/0000-0003-0983-1313; Kreidenweis, Sonia/0000-0002-2561-2914 FU USDA [2006-34263-16926, NNX08AQ05G]; NSF [ATM-0511911] FX This work was conducted through the USDA UV-B Monitoring and Research Program and supported by NSF under grant number ATM-0511911. The USDA UV-B Monitoring and Research Program is supported through the USDA CSREES grant 2006-34263-16926 "Global Change/Ultraviolet Radiation". Nickolay Krotkov acknowledges NASA support through grant NNX08AQ05G "Spectral absorption properties of aerosols in UV wavelengths". Sasha Madronich acknowledges support from The National Center for Atmospheric Research which is supported by the NSF. We thank Amando Leyva Contreras, Hector Estevez Perez, and Wayne W. Newcomb for their efforts in establishing and maintaining the Mexico City AERONET site, and for the use of those data in this work. Wayne W. Newcomb's recent death in December ' 09 highlights the importance to science of insightful, practical and can do people. Without his considerable talents, these measurements during MILAGRO would not have been possible. He is sorely missed as a colleague to scientists and a friend to all. NR 54 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 12 PU COPERNICUS PUBLICATIONS PI KATHLENBURG-LINDAU PA MAX-PLANCK-STR 13, KATHLENBURG-LINDAU, 37191, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2009 VL 9 IS 15 BP 5813 EP 5827 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 482HW UT WOS:000268876600024 ER PT J AU Dusanter, S Vimal, D Stevens, PS Volkamer, R Molina, LT Baker, A Meinardi, S Blake, D Sheehy, P Merten, A Zhang, R Zheng, J Fortner, EC Junkermann, W Dubey, M Rahn, T Eichinger, B Lewandowski, P Prueger, J Holder, H AF Dusanter, S. Vimal, D. Stevens, P. S. Volkamer, R. Molina, L. T. Baker, A. Meinardi, S. Blake, D. Sheehy, P. Merten, A. Zhang, R. Zheng, J. Fortner, E. C. Junkermann, W. Dubey, M. Rahn, T. Eichinger, B. Lewandowski, P. Prueger, J. Holder, H. TI Measurements of OH and HO2 concentrations during the MCMA-2006 field campaign - Part 2: Model comparison and radical budget SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; URBAN ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ELECTRONICALLY EXCITED NO2; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; MASTER CHEMICAL MECHANISM; CITY METROPOLITAN-AREA; MCM V3 PART; TROPOSPHERIC DEGRADATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; AMBIENT AIR AB Measurements of hydroxyl ( OH) and hydroperoxy (HO2) radicals were made during the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) field campaign as part of the MILAGRO (Megacity Initiative: Local and Global Research Observations) project during March 2006. These measurements provide a unique opportunity to test current models of atmospheric ROx (OH + HO2 + RO2) photochemistry under polluted conditions. A zero-dimensional box model based on the Regional Atmospheric Chemical Mechanism (RACM) was constrained by 10-min averages of 24 J-values and the concentrations of 97 chemical species. Several issues related to the ROx chemistry under polluted conditions are highlighted in this study: (i) Measured concentrations of both OH and HO2 were underpredicted during morning hours on a median campaign basis, suggesting a significant source of radicals is missing from current atmospheric models under polluted conditions, consistent with previous urban field campaigns. (ii) The model-predicted HO2/OH ratios underestimate the measurements for NO mixing ratios higher than 5 ppb, also consistent with previous urban field campaigns. This suggests that under high NOx conditions, the HO2 to OH propagation rate may be overestimated by the model or a process converting OH into HO2 may be missing from the chemical mechanism. On a daily basis ( 08: 40 a. m.-06: 40 p. m.), an analysis of the radical budget indicates that HONO photolysis, HCHO photolysis, O-3-alkene reactions and dicarbonyls photolysis are the main radical sources. O-3 photolysis contributes to less than 6% of the total radical production. C1 [Dusanter, S.; Vimal, D.; Stevens, P. S.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Ctr Res Environm Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Dusanter, S.; Vimal, D.; Stevens, P. S.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Volkamer, R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Molina, L. T.; Sheehy, P.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Baker, A.; Meinardi, S.; Blake, D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Merten, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Environm Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Zhang, R.; Zheng, J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fortner, E. C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Junkermann, W.] IMK IFU, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Dubey, M.; Rahn, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Eichinger, B.; Lewandowski, P.] Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA USA. [Prueger, J.] USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA USA. [Holder, H.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. RP Dusanter, S (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Ctr Res Environm Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM sdusante@indiana.edu RI Baker, Angela /A-1666-2011; Zhang, Renyi/A-2942-2011; Zheng, Jun/E-6772-2010; Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010; Rahn, Thom/C-5211-2012; Junkermann, Wolfgang/A-7416-2013; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; Volkamer, Rainer/B-8925-2016; OI Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X; Volkamer, Rainer/0000-0002-0899-1369; Baker, Angela K./0000-0001-7845-422X FU National Science Foundation [ATM-9984152, 0612738]; Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation FX The authors are grateful to Xinrong Ren and Philip Sheehy for helpful discussions about modeling procedures. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the Molina Center for Energy and the Environment, Gustavo Sosa and the Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo for their help during the MCMA field campaign, Rafael Ramos of RAMA for the use of one of their NOx instruments. This research is supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (ATM-9984152 and 0612738) and the Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation. NR 52 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 7 U2 33 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2009 VL 9 IS 18 BP 6655 EP 6675 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 498IE UT WOS:000270131400001 ER PT J AU Neto, TGS Carvalho, JA Veras, CAG Alvarado, EC Gielow, R Lincoln, EN Christian, TJ Yokelson, RJ Santos, JC AF Soares Neto, T. G. Carvalho, J. A., Jr. Veras, C. A. G. Alvarado, E. C. Gielow, R. Lincoln, E. N. Christian, T. J. Yokelson, R. J. Santos, J. C. TI Biomass consumption and CO2, CO and main hydrocarbon gas emissions in an Amazonian forest clearing fire SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biomass consumption; Gas emission; Amazonian forest fires ID TRACE GASES; BRAZIL; COMBUSTION; CARBON; MANAUS; SMOKE AB Biomass consumption and CO2, CO and hydrocarbon gas emissions in an Amazonian forest clearing fire are presented and discussed. The experiment was conducted in the arc of deforestation, near the city of Alta Floresta, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The average carbon content of dry biomass was 48% and the estimated average moisture content of fresh biomass was 42% on wet weight basis. The fresh biomass and the amount of carbon on the ground before burning were estimated as 528 t ha(-1) and 147 t ha(-1), respectively. The overall biomass consumption for the experiment was estimated as 23.9%. A series of experiment in the same region resulted in average efficiency of 40% for areas of same size and 50% for larger areas. The lower efficiency obtained in the burn reported here occurred possibly due to rain before the experiment. Excess mixing ratios were measured for CO2, CO, CH4, C-2-C-3 aliphatic hydrocarbons, and PM2.5. Excess mixing ratios of CH4 and C-2-C-3 hydrocarbons were linearly correlated with those of CO. The average emission factors of CO2, CO, CH4, NMHC, and PM2.5 were 1,599, 111.3, 9.2, 5.6, and 4.8 g kg(-1) of burned dry biomass, respectively. One hectare of burned forest released about 117,000 kg of CO2, 8100 kg of CO, 675 kg of CH4, 407 kg of NMHC and 354 kg of PM2.5. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Carvalho, J. A., Jr.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Energia, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil. [Soares Neto, T. G.; Santos, J. C.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Lab Assoc Combustao & Propulsao, Cachoeira Paulista, Brazil. [Veras, C. A. G.] Univ Brasilia, Dept Engn Mecan, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Alvarado, E. C.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Pacific Wildland Fires Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gielow, R.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Ctr Previsao Tempo & Estudos Climat, BR-12201 Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. [Lincoln, E. N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Christian, T. J.; Yokelson, R. J.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Carvalho, JA (reprint author), Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Energia, Av Ariberto Pereira Cunha 333, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil. EM joao@feg.unesp.br RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011 OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo FAPESP, Brazil [98/00104-9, 02/08964-4]; USDA Forest Service [PNW 99-5147-1-CA, PNW 04-IG-11261987-118] FX Support for the Brazilian researchers is acknowledged to Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo FAPESP, Brazil (projects 98/00104-9 and 02/08964-4), and to USDA Forest Service (projects PNW 99-5147-1-CA and PNW 04-IG-11261987-118). The burns were conducted under authorization of Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq (process CMC-004/04) and Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente a dos Recursos Naturais Renovaveis - IBAMA, Brazil. NR 28 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 43 IS 2 BP 438 EP 446 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.07.063 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 401QK UT WOS:000262956500025 ER PT J AU Sarkissian, A Slusser, J AF Sarkissian, A. Slusser, J. TI Water vapor total column measurements using the Elodie Archive at Observatoire de Haute Provence from 1994 to 2004 SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID OZONE; RETRIEVAL; VALIDATION; ABSORPTION; PROFILES; REGION; AIR; NO2 AB Water vapor total column measurements at Observatoire de Haute Provence (5 degrees 42'E, + 43 degrees 55'N), south of France, were obtained using observations of astronomical objects made between July 1994 and December 2004 on the 193-cm telescope with the high-resolution spectrometer Elodie. Spectra of stars, nebulae, and other astronomical objects were taken regularly during 10 years. More than 18 000 spectra from 400 nm to 680 nm are available on-line in the Elodie Archive. This archive, usually explored by astronomers, contains information to study the atmosphere of the Earth. Water vapor absorption lines appear in the visible in delimited bands that astronomers often avoid for their spectral analysis. We used the Elodie Archive with two objectives: firstly, to retrieve seasonal variability and long-term trend of atmospheric water vapor, and secondly, to remove signatures in spectra for further astronomical or geophysical use. The tools presented here (the workflow, the interoperable Elodie Archive and the web service Tellodie) are developed following, when possible, formats and standards recommended by the International Virtual Observatory Alliance. C1 [Sarkissian, A.] Univ Paris 06, Univ Versailles St Quentin, Inst Pierre Simon Lapl, LATMOS,CNRS,UMR 8190, F-91371 Verrieres Le Buisson, France. [Slusser, J.] Colorado State Univ, NREL, USDA, UV B Radiat Monitoring Program, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Sarkissian, A (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Univ Versailles St Quentin, Inst Pierre Simon Lapl, LATMOS,CNRS,UMR 8190, F-91371 Verrieres Le Buisson, France. EM alain.sarkissian@latmos.ipsl.fr FU IPSL; VO-France; VO-Paris Data Centre FX Thanks to IPSL for funding this study. Thanks to VO-France and VO-Paris Data Centre for support and advice in workflow development using interoperability concepts, useful for this paper. Thanks to Philippe Prugniel and Sergio Ilovaiski for their help in the use of Elodie Archive and to Manuel Pinaranda for his help in building a water vapor cross-section. Thanks to Philippe Keckhut and Albert Herzog for their usefull discussions about this work. Thanks to OHP and to all anonymous astronomers for their observations. And finally, thanks to the anonymous referees for their usefull comments. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2009 VL 2 IS 2 BP 319 EP 326 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 601TC UT WOS:000278086100001 ER PT J AU Chandler, RB King, DI DeStefano, S AF Chandler, Richard B. King, David I. DeStefano, Stephen TI SCRUB-SHRUB BIRD HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS AT MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES IN BEAVER MEADOWS IN MASSACHUSETTS SO AUK LA English DT Article DE American Beaver; Castor canadensis; detectability; early-successional habitat; N-mixture model; shrubland ID NEW-HAMPSHIRE; WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS; REPLICATED COUNTS; SPECIES RICHNESS; HARDWOOD FOREST; MIXTURE-MODELS; UNITED-STATES; NEW-ENGLAND; CLEAR-CUT; LAND-USE AB Most scrub-shrub bird species are declining in the northeastern United States, and these declines are largely attributed to regional declines in habitat availability. American Beaver (Castor canadensis; hereafter "beaver") populations have been increasing in the Northeast in recent decades, and beavers create scrub-shrub habitat through their dam-building and foraging activities. Few systematic studies have been conducted on the value of beaver-modified habitats for scrub-shrub birds, and these data are important for understanding habitat selection of scrub-shrub birds as well as for assessing regional habitat availability for these species. We conducted surveys in 37 beaver meadows in a 2,800-km(2) study area in western Massachusetts during 2005 and 2006 to determine the extent to which these beaver-modified habitats are used by scrub-shrub birds, as well as the characteristics of beaver meadows most closely related to bird use. We modeled bird abundance in relation to microhabitat-, patch-, and landscape-context variables while adjusting for survey-specific covariates affecting detectability using N-mixture models. We found that scrub-shrub birds of regional conservation concern occupied these sites and that birds responded differently to microhabitat, patch, and landscape characteristics of beaver meadows. Generally, scrub-shrub birds increased in abundance along a gradient of increasing vegetation complexity, and three species were positively related to patch size. We conclude that these habitats can potentially play an important role in regional conservation of scrub-shrub birds and recommend that conservation priority be given to larger beaver meadows with diverse vegetation structure and composition. Received 8 May 2008, accepted 1 October 2008. C1 [Chandler, Richard B.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [King, David I.] Univ Massachusetts, USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [DeStefano, Stephen] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Chandler, RB (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, 204 Holdsworth Hall, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM rchandler@nrc.umass.edu RI Chandler, Richard/D-8831-2014; Chandler, Richard/F-9702-2016 FU Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife; U.S. Geological Survey FX We thank C. Chandler and J. Strules for their excellent field work. Reviewers M. Alldredge and T. Folk provided valuable comments. C. Boal and D. E. Anderson reviewed an earlier version of the paper. This research would not have been possible without the permission given by many generous landowners. Funding was provided by Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife and U.S. Geological Survey. MassGIS digital infrared orthophotographs are available at ww.mass.gov/mgis/colororthos2001.htm. MassGIS statewide land-cover layers are available at www.mass. gov/mgis/lus.htm. NR 46 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 6 U2 33 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD JAN PY 2009 VL 126 IS 1 BP 186 EP 197 DI 10.1525/auk.2009.08083 PG 12 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 409EJ UT WOS:000263488700020 ER PT J AU Montes-Garcia, N Prom, LK Williams-Alanis, H Isakeit, T AF Montes-Garcia, N. Prom, L. K. Williams-Alanis, H. Isakeit, T. TI Effect of temperature and relative humidity on sorghum ergot development in northern Mexico SO AUSTRALASIAN PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLAVICEPS-AFRICANA; CLIMATIC VARIABLES; WEATHER VARIABLES; SPHACELIA-SORGHI; TEXAS PANHANDLE AB Trials were planted at Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas, Mexico, during 2002 and 2003 with the objective of determining the relationship between sorghum ergot severity and weather factors, and to develop a risk assessment model. Six sorghum hybrids and three male-sterile genotypes were planted every month from January to October. At anthesis initiation, inoculation was conducted using a local isolate of Claviceps africana. Among hybrids, there was a negative relationship between ergot severity and maximum and minimum temperatures, with the highest significant correlation of-0.71 from 7 to 9 days before anthesis. During this period, minimum temperatures above 10 degrees C increased the risk of ergot development, whereas minimum temperatures above 22.5 degrees C prevented ergot development. In male-sterile plants, ergot was negatively related to maximum temperature after anthesis, with ergot being observed at maximum temperatures up to 38 degrees C. Minimum relative humidity showed a positive and significant correlation with ergot severity. Values of minimum relative humidity above 30% during anthesis promoted infection. Surface response regression models were developed for the effects of minimum relative humidity and minimum and maximum temperature during the infection process on ergot severity. C1 [Montes-Garcia, N.; Williams-Alanis, H.] Natl Inst Forestry Agr & Livestock Res INIFAP, Rio Bravo Expt Stn CERIB, Rio Bravo 88900, Tamaulipas, Mexico. [Prom, L. K.] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Isakeit, T.] 2132 Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Montes-Garcia, N (reprint author), Natl Inst Forestry Agr & Livestock Res INIFAP, Rio Bravo Expt Stn CERIB, AP 172, Rio Bravo 88900, Tamaulipas, Mexico. EM montes.noe@inifap.gob.mx NR 24 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0815-3191 J9 AUSTRALAS PLANT PATH JI Austral. Plant Pathol. PY 2009 VL 38 IS 6 BP 632 EP 637 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 507PJ UT WOS:000270866400010 ER PT J AU Jennings, JT Austin, AD Schiff, NM AF Jennings, John T. Austin, Andrew D. Schiff, Nathan M. TI The Australian endemic woodwasp genus Austrocyrta Riek (Hymenoptera: Xiphydriidae) SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Derecyrtinae; Symphyta; taxonomy; Xiphydrioidea ID NOV HYMENOPTERA AB The Australian xiphydriid woodwasp genus Austrocyrta, previously known only from a single species, A. australiensis Riek, is revised. A second distinctive species from Carnarvon National Park in south-central Queensland, A. fasciculata Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., is described, and a key to separate the males of the two species is provided. C1 [Jennings, John T.; Austin, Andrew D.] Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Evolutionary Biol & Biodivers, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Schiff, Nathan M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, SRS 4155, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Jennings, JT (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Evolutionary Biol & Biodivers, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. EM john.jennings@adelaide.edu.au NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1326-6756 EI 1440-6055 J9 AUST J ENTOMOL JI Aust. J. Entomol. PY 2009 VL 48 BP 29 EP 35 DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2008.00680.x PN 1 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 408NM UT WOS:000263441700005 ER PT J AU Mamedov, AI Shainberg, I Wagner, LE Warrington, DN Levy, GJ AF Mamedov, A. I. Shainberg, I. Wagner, L. E. Warrington, D. N. Levy, G. J. TI Infiltration and erosion in soils treated with dry PAM, of two molecular weights, and phosphogypsum SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE PAM molecular weight; dissolution rate; seal formation; runoff; viscosity ID SILT LOAM SOIL; WATER-QUALITY; AGGREGATE STABILITY; SIMULATED RAINFALL; CRUST FORMATION; SEAL FORMATION; POLYACRYLAMIDE; RUNOFF; AMENDMENTS; POLYMERS AB Soil surface application of dissolved linear polyacrylamide (PAM) of high molecular weight (MW) can mitigate seal formation, runoff, and erosion, especially when added with a source of electrolytes (e. g. gypsum). Practical difficulties associated with PAM solution application prohibited commercial use of PAM in dryland farming. An alternative practice of spreading dry granular PAM with high MW on the soil surface has been ineffective in reducing runoff while effectively reducing erosion. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which granular PAM (20 kg/ha), with moderate (2 x 10(5) Da) or high (1.2 x 10(7) Da) MW, mixed with phosphogypsum (PG) (4 Mg/ha) affects infiltration rate, runoff, and erosion. Five smectitic soils, treated with PAM and PG, were exposed to simulated rainfall of deionised water in the laboratory. Both dry PAMs, mixed with PG, increased final infiltration rate (3-5 times) and reduced erosion (2-4 times) relative to the control (no amendments). Whereas the polymers' effects on the infiltration rate and runoff relative to each other were inconsistent, PAM with moderate MW was consistently more effective in reducing soil loss than PAM with high MW. For example, in the sandy clay soil, soil losses were reduced from 840 g/m(2), in the control, to 570 and 370 g/m(2) for the high and moderate MW PAM treatment, respectively. This greater capacity to control soil erosion was ascribed to the lower viscosity of the soil surface solution following dissolution of dry PAM granules in the case of moderate MW PAM, leading to more uniform, effective treatment of soil aggregates at the soil surface by the polymer. C1 [Mamedov, A. I.; Wagner, L. E.] USDA ARS NPA GMPRC EWERU, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Shainberg, I.; Levy, G. J.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Soils & Water, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Warrington, D. N.] CAS & MWR, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Prov, Peoples R China. RP Mamedov, AI (reprint author), USDA ARS NPA GMPRC EWERU, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM amrakh@weru.ksu.edu NR 45 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 15 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0004-9573 J9 AUST J SOIL RES JI Aust. J. Soil Res. PY 2009 VL 47 IS 8 BP 788 EP 795 DI 10.1071/SR09027 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 530RN UT WOS:000272610100005 ER PT J AU Bakst, MR AF Bakst, Murray R. TI Oviducal sperm and fertilisation in poultry SO AVIAN BIOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STORAGE C1 ARS, USDA, Germplasm & Gamete Physiol Lab, Livestock & Poultry Sci Inst,Beltsville Area, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bakst, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Germplasm & Gamete Physiol Lab, Livestock & Poultry Sci Inst,Beltsville Area, Bldg 262,Poultry Rd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM murray.bakst@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCIENCE REVIEWS 2000 LTD PI ST ALBANS PA PO BOX 314, ST ALBANS AL1 4ZG, HERTS, ENGLAND SN 1758-1559 J9 AVIAN BIOL RES JI Avian Biol. Res. PY 2009 VL 2 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.3184/175815509X430390 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Ornithology; Zoology SC Agriculture; Zoology GA 471XR UT WOS:000268092200004 ER PT J AU Li, SH Zhang, ZY Pace, L Lillehoj, H Zhang, SP AF Li, Shuhui Zhang, Zhenyu Pace, Lanny Lillehoj, Hyun Zhang, Shuping TI Functions exerted by the virulence-associated type-three secretion systems during Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis invasion into and survival within chicken oviduct epithelial cells and macrophages SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PATHOGENICITY ISLAND 2; HOST-CELL; EFFECTOR PROTEINS; BACTERIAL INTERNALIZATION; TYPHIMURIUM INVASION; LAYING HENS; COLONIZATION; SIPA; GENES; SOPE2 AB Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) infection of chickens is a major contributing factor to non-typhoidal salmonellosis. The roles of the type-three secretion systems (T3SS-1 and T3SS-2) in the pathogenesis of SE infection of chickens are poorly understood. In this study, the functions of T3SS-1 and T3SS-2 during SE infection of primary chicken oviduct epithelial cells (COEC) and macrophages were characterized. The T3SS-1 and T3SS-2 mutants (sipB and ssaV), impaired in translocation and secretion, respectively, were significantly less invasive than their wild-type parent strain. The genes encoding effector proteins of T3SS-1 (SipA, SopB, and SopE2) and T3SS-2 (PipB) contributed equally to the entry of SE into COEC. The sipA mutant had reduced survival and the pipB mutant had enhanced replication in COEC. Mutations in the T3SS-2 genes ssaV and pipB reduced the survival of SE in chicken peripheral blood leukocyte-derived macrophages (PBLM), but not in the established chicken macrophage cell line HD11. A mutation in the ssaV gene also abolished SE-induced PBLM death between 1 h post-inoculation and 4 h post-inoculation. This study has shown that both T3SS-1 and T3SS-2 are required by SE to invade COEC; that SipA and PipB are necessary for the survival of SE in COEC and chicken PBLM, respectively; and that T3SS-2 triggers PBLM death during the early stages of SE infection, and this process does not depend on PipB. C1 [Li, Shuhui; Zhang, Zhenyu; Pace, Lanny; Zhang, Shuping] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Populat Med, Pearl, MS 39288 USA. [Lillehoj, Hyun] USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zhang, SP (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Populat Med, POB 97813, Pearl, MS 39288 USA. EM zhang@cvm.msstate.edu FU College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University; USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2006-51110-03645] FX The authors thank Dr Mark Lawrence for critical review of the manuscript. This work was partially supported by College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University and USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (2006-51110-03645). NR 51 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2009 VL 38 IS 2 BP 97 EP 106 AR PII 909872654 DI 10.1080/03079450902737771 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 423XC UT WOS:000264529100002 PM 19322708 ER PT J AU Zolubas, P Negron, J Munson, AS AF Zolubas, Paulius Negron, Jose Munson, A. Steven TI Modelling Spruce Bark Beetle Infestation Probability SO BALTIC FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE spruce bark beetle; Ips typographus; Norway spruce; Picea abies; risk; classification and regression tree model ID SCOLYTIDAE; COLEOPTERA; STANDS; KARST.; DAMAGE AB Spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) risk model, based on pure Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) stand characteristics in experimental and control plots was developed using classification and regression tree statistical technique under endemic pest population density. The most significant variable in spruce bark beetle infestation risk model was spruce basal area. Model, good enough for forest management practices, rate spruce stands to: a) stands of low bark beetle risk (probability of infestation p=20%) - basal area of spruce less than 17.8 m(2)/ha; b) stands of moderate bark beetle risk (p=55%) - spruce basal area greater than 17.8 but less then 46.9 m(2)/ha; c) stands of high bark beetle risk (p=83%) - spruce basal area greater than 46.9 m(2)/ha. Further model clarification need research under epidemic spruce bark beetle condition levels. C1 [Zolubas, Paulius] Lithuanan Univ Agr, LT-4324 Kaunas, Lithuania. [Negron, Jose] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Munson, A. Steven] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, Ogden, UT 84403 USA. RP Zolubas, P (reprint author), Lithuanan Univ Agr, Studentu 11, LT-4324 Kaunas, Lithuania. FU USDA Forest Service federal [00-CA-11232434-010] FX The research was funded by a USDA Forest Service federal grant 00-CA-11232434-010 NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU LITHUANIAN FOREST RESEARCH INST PI KAUNAS DISTRICT PA LIEPU 1, KAUNAS DISTRICT, LT-4312, LITHUANIA SN 1392-1355 J9 BALT FOR JI Baltic For. PY 2009 VL 15 IS 1 BP 23 EP 27 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 492RY UT WOS:000269678300003 ER PT J AU Moser, WK Nelson, MD AF Moser, W. Keith Nelson, Mark D. TI Windstorm Damage in Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness (Minnesota, USA): Evaluating Landscape-level Risk Factors SO BALTIC FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Landscape; windstorm; blowdown; risk; wilderness; Minnesota USA ID SOUTHERN-BOREAL FOREST; WIND DAMAGE; CATASTROPHIC WIND; UNITED-STATES; TREE; STANDS; DISTURBANCES; PROBABILITY; WINDTHROW; STABILITY AB Ecosystem management requires an understanding of disturbance processes and their influence on forests. One of these disturbances is damage due to severe wind events. In an ideal model, assessing risk of windstorm damage to a forested ecosystem entails defining tree-, stand-, and landscape-level factors that influence response and recovery. Data are not always available for all three scales, but a wealth of geospatial datasets provides consistent opportunities for analysis at the landscape level. This paper examines landscape-level factors that influenced tree damage from a 1999 windstorm in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness in northern Minnesota, USA. A geospatial analysis was conducted using a suite of data variables derived from land cover, topographic, and climatic datasets. Land type association, distance to the nearest lake, and elevation were the most significant factors influencing wind storm damage. These variables highlight the importance of exposure to the wind as determinants of damage, reflecting the severity of this particular storm. C1 [Moser, W. Keith; Nelson, Mark D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Moser, WK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM wkmoser@fs.fed.us NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU LITHUANIAN FOREST RESEARCH INST PI KAUNAS DISTRICT PA LIEPU 1, KAUNAS DISTRICT, LT-4312, LITHUANIA SN 1392-1355 J9 BALT FOR JI Baltic For. PY 2009 VL 15 IS 2 BP 248 EP 254 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 550BQ UT WOS:000274102400013 ER PT B AU Chen, CYO Blumberg, JB AF Chen, C-Y Oliver Blumberg, Jeffrey B. BE Preedy, VR TI Flavonoids in Beer and Their Potential Benefit on the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease SO BEER IN HEALTH AND DISEASE PREVENTION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; MODERATE ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; PLASMA ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; INHIBIT PLATELET-FUNCTION; RED WINE; ARTERY-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; BLOOD-PRESSURE AB Beer is a popular alcoholic beverage and its consumption is characterized by a U- or J-shaped relation to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In addition to the ability of ethanol to elevate high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, other constituents of beer, including flavonoids, may also contribute to its association with a reduced risk of CVD among moderate drinkers. Flavonoids are ubiquitous in plant-based foods and an integral part of any diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains and/or beverages derived from them. Six classes of flavonoids, including 31 specific compounds, have been characterized in beer with a wide range of concentration, from 0.001 to 20 mg/l, likely due to variations in the barley and hops, brewing and stabilization processes, and duration of storage. The principal flavonoids in beer are isoxanthohumol, catechin, catechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, kaempferol, quercetin, procyanidin B3, and prodelphidins B3 and B9. Flavonoid intake has been demonstrated to impact an array of biochemical and functional actions in animal models and human studies that are associated with ameliorating CVD risk, such as reducing angiogenesis, cholesterol, inflammation, oxidative stress, and thrombogensis as well as promoting vascular reactivity. Nonetheless, definitive studies on the direct contribution of flavonoids to the benefit of moderate beer consumption on CVD remain to be undertaken. C1 [Chen, C-Y Oliver; Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chen, CYO (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 124 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-092049-8; 978-0-12-373891-2 PY 2009 BP 831 EP 841 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BEH17 UT WOS:000316557600086 ER PT B AU Burri, BJ Turner, T AF Burri, Betty J. Turner, Tami BE Haugen, L Bjornson, T TI Evaluating the Effectiveness of Beta-Carotene-Rich Food Interventions for Improving Vitamin A Status SO BETA CAROTENE: DIETARY SOURCES, CANCER AND COGNITION SE Nutrition and Diet Research Progress LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PRIMARY-SCHOOL CHILDREN; MANGO MANGIFERA-INDICA; RED PALM OIL; GOLDEN RICE; SWEET-POTATOES; YOUNG-CHILDREN; SUPPLEMENTATION; MORTALITY; INDONESIA; DEFICIENCY AB Despite years of interventions with vitamin A (VA) supplement programs, VA deficiency remains a leading cause of morbidity and blindness in Southern Asia and Africa. Although high dose VA supplements can be a very effective means of preventing VA deficiency, they have several drawbacks: VA capsules can cause toxicity symptoms, and capsule distribution programs are difficult to sustain and have incomplete coverage. Beta-carotene forms VA, and beta-carotene-rich crops are the major source of VA in much of the world, including all areas where VA deficiency is common. For this reason, growing beta-carotene-rich crops to improve VA status has obvious attractions. Several small scale studies and projects have successfully used beta-carotene-rich crops to improve or at least maintain VA status in areas where VA deficiency is common. The results of these small scale programs will be evaluated, and we will use results from these studies to estimate the potential exposure to VA that is likely from food-based interventions. We will evaluate the potential effectiveness of beta-carotene rich crops such as Golden Rice, red palm oil, and mangoes in VA deficiency prevention. C1 [Burri, Betty J.; Turner, Tami] ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Burri, BJ (reprint author), ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60741-611-1 J9 NUTR DIET RES PROG PY 2009 BP 263 EP 281 PG 19 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BPC90 UT WOS:000278549200006 ER PT B AU Shockey, J AF Shockey, Jay BE Hou, CT Shaw, JF TI Engineering Industrial Oil Biosynthesis Cloning and Characterization of Kennedy Pathway Acyltransferases from Novel Oilseed Species SO BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY-BOOK LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Acyltransferase; diacylglycerol; glycerol-3-phosphate; Kennedy pathway; Land's cycle; lysophosphatidic acid; triacylglycerol ID ENCODING DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; ACYL-COA; MICROSOMAL PREPARATIONS; TRANSGENIC ARABIDOPSIS; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; GENE FAMILY; CASTOR; PLANTS C1 ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Shockey, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-7703-2 PY 2009 BP 19 EP 31 DI 10.1201/9781420077070.ch2 D2 10.1201/9781420077070 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BKK16 UT WOS:000268359200002 ER PT B AU McKeon, TA AF McKeon, Thomas A. BE Hou, CT Shaw, JF TI Engineering Plants for Industrial Uses SO BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY-BOOK LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; CASTOR; SEEDS; ACCUMULATION; ACIDS; CDNA; OILS C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP McKeon, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-7703-2 PY 2009 BP 89 EP 97 DI 10.1201/9781420077070.ch6 D2 10.1201/9781420077070 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BKK16 UT WOS:000268359200006 ER PT B AU Lin, JT AF Lin, Jiann-Tsyh BE Hou, CT Shaw, JF TI Regiospecific Quantification of Triacylglycerols by Mass Spectrometry and Its Use in Olive Oil Analysis SO BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY-BOOK LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Mass spectrometry; olive oil; quantification; regiospecific; triacylglycerols ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; VEGETABLE-OILS; ELECTROSPRAY C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Lin, JT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-7703-2 PY 2009 BP 291 EP 304 DI 10.1201/9781420077070.ch21 D2 10.1201/9781420077070 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BKK16 UT WOS:000268359200021 ER PT J AU Jordan, DB Mertens, JA Braker, JD AF Jordan, Douglas B. Mertens, Jeffrey A. Braker, Jay D. TI Aminoalcohols as probes of the two-subsite active site Of beta-D-xylosidase from Selenomonas ruminantium SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE alpha-L-Arabinofuranosidase; Glycoside hydrolase; Noncompetitive inhibition; Structure function; Translational missense ID ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE; INHIBITION; BINDING; PURIFICATION; SUBSTRATE; MALTASE; STATE; TRIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)AMINOMETHANE; STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; SPECIFICITY AB Catalysis and inhibitor binding by the GH43 beta-xylosidase are governed by the protonation states of catalytic base (D14, pK(a) 5.0) and catalytic acid (E186, pK(a) 7.2) which reside in subsite -1 of the two-subsite active site. Cationic aminoalcohols are shown to bind exclusively to subsite -1 of the catalytically-inactive, dianionic enzyme (D14(-)E186(-)). Enzyme (E) and aminoalcohols (A) form E-A with the affinity progression: triethanolamine > diethanolamine > ethanolamine. E186A mutation raises the K vertical bar(riethanolamine) 1000-fold. By occupying subsite -1 with aminoalcohols, affinity of monosaccharide inhibitors (1) for subsite +1 is demonstrated. The single access route for ligands into the active site dictates ordered formation of E-A followed by E-A-1. E-A-1 forms with the affinity progression: ethanolamine > diethanolamine > triethanolamine. The latter affinity progression is seen in formation of E-A-substrate complexes with substrate 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside (4NPX). Inhibition patterns of aminoalcohols Versus 4NPX appear competitive, noncompetitive, and uncompetitive depending on the strength of E-A-4NPX. E-A-substrate complexes form weakly with Substrate 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside (4NPA), and inhibition patterns appear competitive. Biphasic inhibition by triethanolamine reveals minor (<0.03%) contamination of E186A preparations (including a His-Tagged form) by wild-type-like enzyme, likely Originating from translational misreading. Aminoalcohols are useful in probing glycoside hydrolases: they cause artifacts when used unwarily as buffer components. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jordan, Douglas B.; Mertens, Jeffrey A.; Braker, Jay D.] ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jordan, DB (reprint author), ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM douglas.jordan@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; CRIS [3620 41000-118] FX This Work Was Supported by USDA funding of CRIS 3620 41000-118. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-9639 J9 BBA-PROTEINS PROTEOM JI BBA-Proteins Proteomics PD JAN PY 2009 VL 1794 IS 1 BP 144 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.bbapap.2008.09.015 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 386DU UT WOS:000261863300018 PM 18973836 ER PT J AU Toepfer, S Haye, T Erlandson, M Goettel, M Lundgren, JG Kleespies, RG Weber, DC Walsh, GC Peters, A Ehlers, RU Strasser, H Moore, D Keller, S Vidal, S Kuhlmann, U AF Toepfer, S. Haye, T. Erlandson, M. Goettel, M. Lundgren, J. G. Kleespies, R. G. Weber, D. C. Walsh, G. Cabrera Peters, A. Ehlers, R. -U. Strasser, H. Moore, D. Keller, S. Vidal, S. Kuhlmann, U. TI A review of the natural enemies of beetles in the subtribe Diabroticina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): implications for sustainable pest management SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE inundative; classical; conservation biological control; Diabrotica; Acalymma; Cerotoma ID WESTERN CORN-ROOTWORM; SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE; VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA COLEOPTERA; BEAN LEAF BEETLE; NEMATODE FILIPJEVIMERMIS-LEIPSANDRA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; UNDECIMPUNCTATA-HOWARDI COLEOPTERA; STEINERNEMA-CARPOCAPSAE RHABDITIDA; CEROTOMA-TRIFURCATA COLEOPTERA; CELATORIA-COMPRESSA DIPTERA AB Diabroticina is a speciose subtribe of New World Chrysomelidae (Subfamily Galerucinae: Tribe Luperini) that includes pests such as corn rootworms, cucumber beetles and bean leaf beetles (e.g. Diabrotica, Acalymma, Cerotoma species). The evolution and spread of pesticide resistance, the European invasion of Diabrotica v. virgifera LeConte, and possible development of resistance due to the large-scale deployment of Diabrotica-active Bt maize in North America have generated a sense of urgency in developing biological control options against Diabroticina pests. In the present study, we review available knowledge on biological control options, including 290 publications on natural enemy-Diabroticina associations in the New World. Several natural enemy species or groups appear to be promising candidates for control strategies with different ecological rationales. We propose that future research should pursue: (1) development of inundative biological control products, particularly mass-produced entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi, (2) understanding of specific natural enemies of Diabroticina larvae throughout the Americas and of adults particularly in higher altitudes of Central America or northern South America including potential classical biological control agents against D. v. virgifera; (3) enhancement of natural enemies through cultural practices, i.e., reduced tillage, reduced weed control, cover crops, diversified crop rotations or soil amendments. Research and action must be coordinated to accelerate the exploration of biological control options. C1 [Toepfer, S.; Haye, T.; Kuhlmann, U.] CABI Europe Switzerland, Delemont, Switzerland. [Erlandson, M.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Goettel, M.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. [Lundgren, J. G.] USDA ARS, NCARL, Brookings, SD USA. [Kleespies, R. G.] Inst Biol Control, Julius Kuhn Inst, Darmstadt, Germany. [Weber, D. C.] USDA ARS, IIBBL, Beltsville, MD USA. [Walsh, G. Cabrera] S Amer USDA ARS, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Peters, A.] E Nema, Schwentinental, Germany. [Ehlers, R. -U.] Univ Kiel, Kiel, Germany. [Strasser, H.] Univ Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Moore, D.] CABI, Egham, Surrey, England. [Keller, S.] Agroscope ART, Reckenholz, Switzerland. [Vidal, S.] Univ Gottingen, D-3400 Gottingen, Germany. RP Kuhlmann, U (reprint author), CABI Europe Switzerland, Delemont, Switzerland. EM u.kuhlmann@cabi.org FU CABI Europe Switzerland; EU Specific Support Action [022623] FX This review was mainly financed by in-kind contributions of CABI Europe Switzerland, and partly by the EU Specific Support Action on 'Harmonising the strategies for fighting Diabrotica' (SSA Diabr-ACT No 022623). We very much acknowledge helpful discussions with R. Burger (LANDI Reba AG, Basel, Switzerland), A. Ester (PPO, Lelystad, Netherlands), C. Gerber and R. C. Edwards (Purdue University), J. Kiss (University of Godollo, Hungary), J. C. Malausa (INRA Antibes, France), G. Meier (Sudgetreide, Weisweil, Germany), B. Niehoff (KWS, Einbeck, Germany), M. Toth (Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary), F. Weber (Koppert, Berkel, Netherlands), J. Jehle (DLR, Neustadt, Germany). We further acknowledge S. Avalos (Universidad de Cordoba, Argentina), N. Cabrera (Museo de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina) for determining Diabroticina and Celatoria, J. O'Hara (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada) and N. Wyatt (Natural History Museum, London, UK) for determining Celatoria, C. Van Achterberg (Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, Netherlands) for determining Centistes and R. H. L. Disney (University of Cambridge, UK) for determining Phoridae, M. Balint (University of Clui Napoca, Romania) for determining ants, F. Toth and K. Fetyko (University Godollo, Hungary) for determining spiders, H. Luka (FiBL Frick, Switzerland) for determining Carabidae, and R. A. Humber (USDA-ARS, Ithaca, NY, USA) and P. Kirk (CABI Europe -UK) for reviewing the fungi taxonomy. Further we like to thank M. Athanas (USDA ARS-IBL, Beltsville, MD, USA), D. Ohashi (INTA Cerro Azul, Misiones, Argentina), G. Heck (USDA ARS-SABCL, Buenos Aires, Argentina), R. Alvarez (CIIDIR, Durango, Mexico), F. Perez Dominguez (Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agri ' colas y Pecuarias, Jalisco, Mexico), R. Ventura (Instituto de Ecologia, A. C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico), R. Smyth and M. P. Hoffmann (Cornell University, NY, USA), D. Prischmann (USDA ARS, Brookings, SD, USA), I. Hiltpold and T. Turlings (University Neuchatel, Switzerland) and B. Kurtz and J. Miall (CABI Europe Switzerland) for field natural enemy surveys and/ or laboratory assistances, and Samantha Magnus (Agassiz, BC, Canada) for reviewing the text. NR 369 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 62 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 1 EP 65 AR PII 909323342 DI 10.1080/09583150802524727 PG 65 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 416HQ UT WOS:000263996900001 ER PT J AU Hendrichs, J Bloem, K Hoch, G Carpenter, JE Greany, P Robinson, AS AF Hendrichs, Jorge Bloem, Kenneth Hoch, Gernot Carpenter, James E. Greany, Patrick Robinson, Alan S. TI Improving the cost-effectiveness, trade and safety of biological control for agricultural insect pests using nuclear techniques SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE biological control; radiation; biocontrol agents; weeds; irradiated host; prey; insects; nematodes; parasitoids; sterile insects; sterile insect technique; inherited sterility; F-1 sterility AB If appropriately applied, biological control offers one of the most promising, environmentally sound, and sustainable control tactics for arthropod pests and weeds for application as part of an integrated pest management (IPM) approach. Public support for biological control as one of the preferred methods of managing non-indigenous and indigenous pests is increasing in many countries. An FAO/IAEA Coordinated Research Project (CRP) addressed constraints related to costly production systems for biological control agents, and the presence of accompanying pest organisms during their shipment. These constraints can be alleviated using nuclear techniques such as ionizing radiation or X-rays to reduce production and handling costs (e.g., by expanding the period of host suitability, increasing shelf life, avoiding unnecessary sorting steps before shipment, etc.), and to eliminate the risk of shipping fertile host or prey pest individuals or other hitchhiking pests. These nuclear techniques can also help to reduce the risks associated with the introduction of exotic biological control agents, which can become pests of non-target organisms if not carefully screened under semi-natural or natural conditions. Radiation is also a very useful tool to study host-parasitoid physiological interactions, such as host immune responses, by suppressing defensive reactions of natural or factitious hosts. Applied at a very low-dose, radiation may be used to stimulate reproduction of some entomophagous insects. Additionally, radiation can be applied to semi-or completely sterilize hosts or prey for deployment in the field to increase the initial survival and build-up of natural or released biological control agents in advance of seasonal pest population build-up. Finally, the work carried out under this CRP has demonstrated the feasibility of integrating augmentative and sterile insect releases in area-wide IPM programmes, and to utilise by-products from insect mass-rearing facilities in augmentative biological control programmes. This special issue provides an overview of the research results of the CRP. C1 [Hendrichs, Jorge; Robinson, Alan S.] IAEA, Joint FAO IAEA Programme Nucl Tech Food & Agr, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Bloem, Kenneth] USDA APHIS PPQ, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol CPHIST, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Hoch, Gernot] BOKU Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci, Dept Forest & Soil Sci, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Carpenter, James E.] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Hendrichs, J (reprint author), IAEA, Joint FAO IAEA Programme Nucl Tech Food & Agr, Wagramerstr 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. EM j.hendrichs@iaea.org NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 SU 1 SI SI BP 3 EP 22 DI 10.1080/09583150902985620 PG 20 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA V21GP UT WOS:000208196400002 ER PT J AU Aluja, M Sivinski, J Ovruski, S Guillen, L Lopez, M Cancino, J Torres-Anaya, A Gallegos-Chan, G Ruiz, L AF Aluja, Martin Sivinski, John Ovruski, Sergio Guillen, Larissa Lopez, Maurilio Cancino, Jorge Torres-Anaya, Armando Gallegos-Chan, Guadalupe Ruiz, Lia TI Colonization and domestication of seven species of native New World hymenopterous larval-prepupal and pupal fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hymenoptera; Braconidae; Figitidae; Diapriidae; Tephritidae; Anastrepha; biological control; parasitoids; rearing AB We describe the techniques used to colonize and domesticate seven native New World species of hymenopterous parasitoids that attack flies within the genus Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae). All parasitoid species successfully developed on artificially reared Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) larvae or pupae. The parasitoid species colonized were the following: Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti), Doryctobracon crawfordi (Viereck), Opius hirtus (Fischer), Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) (all Braconidae, Opiinae), Aganaspis pelleranoi (Brethes) and Odontosema anastrephae Borgmeier (both Figitidae, Eucoilinae) (all larval-pupal parasitoids), and the pupal parasitoid Coptera haywardi (Ogloblin) (Diapriidae, Diapriinae). We provide detailed descriptions of the different rearing techniques used throughout the domestication process to help researchers elsewhere to colonize local parasitoids. We also describe handling procedures such as number of hosts in parasitization units and compare optimal host and female age, differences in parasitism rate, developmental time, life expectancy and variation in sex ratios in each parasitoid species over various generations. In the case of D. crawfordi and C. haywardi we also provide partial information on mass-rearing techniques such as cage type, parasitization unit, larval irradiation dose and adult handling. C1 [Aluja, Martin; Guillen, Larissa; Lopez, Maurilio; Torres-Anaya, Armando; Gallegos-Chan, Guadalupe] Inst Ecol AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. [Sivinski, John] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [Ovruski, Sergio] Div Control Biol Plagas, Planta Piloto Proc Ind Microbiol & Biotecnol PROI, San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina. [Cancino, Jorge; Ruiz, Lia] Campana Nacl Moscas Fruta, Subdirecc Desarrollo Metodos, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. RP Aluja, M (reprint author), Inst Ecol AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. EM martin.aluja@inecol.edu.mx RI Cancino, Jorge/C-2565-2016 FU Mexican Campana Nacional Contra Moscas de la Fruta (Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural y Pesca - Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion para la Agricultura [SAGARPA-IICA]); US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) [58-6615-3-025]; USDA Office of International Cooperation and Development (OICD) [198-23]; Mexican Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad [H-296]; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia - Sistema Regional del Golfo de Mexico [96-01-003-V]; CONICET-Argentina; CONACyT [79449] FX We thank two anonymous reviewers and the editor for helping us produce a more polished final product. We also wish to acknowledge Juan Rull, Jaime Pinero, Diana Perez-Staples, Astrid Eben, Francisco Diaz-Fleischer and Ricardo Ramirez (all Instituto de Ecologia, A.C.) and Patrick Dohm for revisions and suggestions on improving the manuscript. We thank Drs Robert Wharton (Texas A&M University) for identifying all the braconid and figitid parasitoids described here and Lubomir Masner (Canadian Bureau of Land Resources), for identifying C. haywardi. Thanks are due also to Jorge A. Muller and his collaborators (Comite Estatal de Sanidad Vegetal, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico) for donating the A. ludens laboratory strain we used to rear all parasitoids. We appreciate the important technical support of Isabel Jacome, Emmanuel Herrera, Cesar Ruiz, Gloria Lagunes, Guadalupe Trujillo, Cecilia Martinez, Alejandro Vazquez, Graciano Blas, Alberto J. Mata, and Braulio Cordoba (all Instituto de Ecologia, A.C.). We especially thank Faustino Cabrera Cid and family (Tejeria), Othon Hernandez (Llano Grande) and Pablo Ventura (Los Tuxtlas) for allowing us to work in their orchards in order to collect parasitoids. Thanks are due to Nicoletta Righini and Alberto Anzures (both INECOL) for formatting and final preparation of this manuscript, and to Dario Garcia-Medel for preparing Figures 2-4. This work was principally financed with resources from the Mexican Campana Nacional Contra Moscas de la Fruta (Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural y Pesca - Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion para la Agricultura [SAGARPA-IICA]) and the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS - Agreement No. 58-6615-3-025). Complementary resources were provided by the USDA Office of International Cooperation and Development (OICD - Project No. 198-23), the Mexican Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (Project No. H-296), and the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia - Sistema Regional del Golfo de Mexico (Project 96-01-003-V). Sergio Ovruski acknowledges the CONICET-Argentina for support during his research stays in Mexico during 2003 and 2004. MA also acknowledges support from CONACyT through a Sabbatical Year Fellowship (Ref. 79449) and thanks Benno Graf and Jorg Samietz (Forschungsanstalt Agroscope Changins-Wadenswil ACW), for providing ideal working conditions to finish writing this paper. NR 72 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 SU 1 SI SI BP 49 EP 79 DI 10.1080/09583150802377373 PG 31 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA V21GP UT WOS:000208196400006 ER PT J AU Cancino, J Ruiz, L Lopez, P Sivinski, J AF Cancino, Jorge Ruiz, Lia Lopez, Patricia Sivinski, John TI The suitability of Anastrepha spp. and Ceratitis capitata larvae as hosts of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata and Diachasmimorpha tryoni: Effects of host age and radiation dose and implications for quality control in mass rearing SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diachasmimorpha longicaudata; Diachasmimorpha tryoni; irradiated host; fruit fly parasitoids; mass-rearing parasitoids; quality control; Anastrepha; Ceratitis AB The emergence of parasitoids from irradiated tephritid host larvae of different species and ages was evaluated. Parasitoid and fly longevity and fecundity resulting from each treatment were also assessed. Doses of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 80, 100 and 150 Gy were applied to samples (100 larvae) of 6-, 7-, 8-and 9-day-old Anastrepha spp. larvae (A. ludens (Loew), A. obliqua (Mcquart) and A. serpentina (Wiedemann)) and 6- and 7-day-old Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) larvae. Anastrepha larvae were exposed to Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), and C. capitata larvae to D. tryoni (Cameron). Following larval exposures of 20 Gy, fly emergence was totally suppressed in all larval ages of A. ludens and A. serpentina, while in A. obliqua and C. capitata, total suppression was achieved at 30 Gy. In all species, fly emergence decreased with increasing radiation dosages from 5 to 20 Gy. Emerged fly fertility and longevity also decreased as the radiation increased. On the other hand, parasitoids did not suffer decreases in longevity or fecundity as host radiation dose increased. Larval age at the time of irradiation did not influence emergence, longevity and fecundity of either flies or parasitoids. When the irradiated cohort size was raised to one liter of larvae (about 32,000 Anastrepha or 50,000 C. capitata larvae) a dose of 40 Gy in A. ludens, A. serpentina and A. obliqua totally suppressed fly emergence but permitted D. longicaudata emergence, while for C. capitata larvae, it was necessary to increase the dose to 60 Gy. Quality control tests under mass rearing conditions were applied to D. longicaudata reared using irradiated A. ludens larvae. There was no statistical difference between parasitoids derived from irradiated or non-irradiated host for most parameters. Only percent pupation after 72 h differed, along with the consequent differences between the percent emergence and pupal weight. The conclusions drawn from this study lead to a greater flexibility in the use of irradiated hosts in the mass rearing of the fruit fly parasitoids D. longicaudata and D. tryoni. C1 [Cancino, Jorge; Ruiz, Lia; Lopez, Patricia] Campana Nacl Moscas Fruta, Desarrollo Metodos, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. [Sivinski, John] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Cancino, J (reprint author), Campana Nacl Moscas Fruta, Desarrollo Metodos, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. EM jcancino@ecosur.mx RI Cancino, Jorge/C-2565-2016 FU IAEA [10848]; Medfly Program - SAGARPA FX We thank Paula Hipolito and Floriberto Lopez for their technical help. We would also like to thank Yeudiel Gomez and the irradiation staff at the Medfly Plant. We appreciate the comments given by Francisco Diaz-Fleisher and Pablo Montoya in the first draft of this manuscript. Parasitoids and flies were kindly given by Flor de Ma. Moreno, Julio Dominguez, Eduardo Solis and Emilio Hernandez. This work was carried out thanks to the support received under contract No. 10848 with the IAEA in cooperation with the Medfly Program - SAGARPA. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 SU 1 SI SI BP 81 EP 94 DI 10.1080/09583150802379577 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA V21GP UT WOS:000208196400007 ER PT J AU Cancino, J Ruiz, L Hendrichs, J Bloem, K AF Cancino, J. Ruiz, L. Hendrichs, J. Bloem, K. TI Evaluation of sequential exposure of irradiated hosts to maximize the mass rearing of fruit fly parasitoids SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tephritidae; Hymenoptera; irradiation; parasitoid mass rearing; multiparasitism; superparasitism; sequential exposure AB A series of evaluations were carried out to assess the feasibility of sequentially exposing tephritid hosts to a primary and a secondary parasitoid to ascertain if the larvae not parasitized by the primary parasitoid could be attacked by the secondary parasitoid in the pupal stage, thus optimizing the mass production of two or more species of parasitoids. Larvae or pupae of Anastrepha ludens (Loew) were exposed either to no parasitoids, the larval parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) (primary parasitoid), the pupal parasitoids Coptera haywardi (Oglobin), Dirhinus sp., and Eurytoma sivinskii (Gates & Grissell) (secondary parasitoids), or sequentially to combinations of both the larval and pupal parasitoids. As part of all evaluations, host larvae were either irradiated or unirradiated. Typically, host larvae are irradiated under parasitoid mass rearing to avoid fly emergence from unparasitized hosts. Results show that a second host exposure did not increase parasitoid production mainly due to a high incidence of mortality caused by multiparasitism. With the exception of pupae exposed to C. haywardi obtained from irradiated larvae previously exposed to D. longicaudata, multiparasitism was around 50%. This resulted in a reduction in emergence of both parasitoids. To some extent, pupal parasitoids discriminated among pupae, preferring to oviposit in pupae that were not superparasitized previously by D. longicaudata. Notably, pupae resulting from irradiated larvae were not appropriate for the development of C. haywardi. In contrast, in the cases of Dirhinus sp. and E. sivinskii, adult parasitoids did emerge from pupae resulting from irradiated larvae, although emergence was significantly lower than when pupae from unirradiated larvae were used. Our findings offer critical insights for fine-tuning the possible use of sequential host exposure to maximize parasitoid mass production. C1 [Cancino, J.; Ruiz, L.] Campana Nacl Moscas Fruta, Desarrollo Metodos, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. [Hendrichs, J.] Joint FAO IAEA Programme, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Bloem, K.] USDA APHIS PPQ, CPHST, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Cancino, J (reprint author), Campana Nacl Moscas Fruta, Desarrollo Metodos, Cent Poniente 14, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. EM jcancino@ecosur.mx RI Cancino, Jorge/C-2565-2016 FU International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) [10848]; Mexican Campana Nacional contra Moscas de la Fruta (SAGARPA-IICA) FX Floriberto Lopez offered outstanding technical support throughout the study. We thank Larissa Guillen and Dario Garcia-Medel for support during the final stages of manuscript preparation. Martin Aluja contributed significant support and significant ideas to the final presentation of this manuscript. Javier Valle-Mora proposed the use of statistical methods for the analysis of data. This work is the result of research funded by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) under contract No. 10848 and the Mexican Campana Nacional contra Moscas de la Fruta (SAGARPA-IICA). NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 SU 1 SI SI BP 95 EP 109 DI 10.1080/09583150902764140 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA V21GP UT WOS:000208196400008 ER PT J AU Coetzee, JA Byrne, MJ Hill, MP Center, TD AF Coetzee, Julie A. Byrne, Marcus J. Hill, Martin P. Center, Ted D. TI Should the mirid, Eccritotarsus catarinensis (Heteroptera: Miridae), be considered for release against water hyacinth in the United States of America? SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate matching; pre-release evaluation; pickerelweed; host specificity; realised host range ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; EICHHORNIA-CRASSIPES; SOUTH-AFRICA; HOST-RANGE; IMPACT; BIOCONTROL; AGENT; INSECTS; RISKY; WEEDS AB Between one and seven biological control agents have been released against water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) in at least 30 countries, with varied success. A mirid, Eccritotarsus catarinensis (Carvalho) (Heteroptera: Miridae), the most recent agent released, is damaging to the plant on the African continent. It could be useful in the USA where water hyacinth remains a problem, but its introduction remains in doubt because during host specificity trials, it developed on Pontederia cordata L. (pickerelweed), indigenous to the USA. However, it did not establish on pickerelweed monocultures during South African field trials, and only light spillover feeding occurred where the two plants coexisted suggesting that the use of P. cordata as a host is a laboratory artefact and it may be suitable for use in the USA, if its thermal physiology allows establishment. We reran models developed for South Africa using CLIMEX to predict whether the mirid will establish where water hyacinth and pickerelweed co-occur, but not where pickerelweed occurs in the absence of water hyacinth. The models suggest that the mirid's distribution will be limited by cold winter temperatures and insufficient thermal accumulation to the southern states of the USA, within the main distribution of water hyacinth. Even though some spillover feeding on pickerelweed might result where the two plants co-occur, the risk of population level effects seems minimal and the risk to more northern pickerelweed negligible. The benefits, including improved habitat for pickerelweed, associated with further suppression of water hyacinth, outweigh the minimal risk of collateral damage to pickerelweed. C1 [Coetzee, Julie A.; Byrne, Marcus J.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Coetzee, Julie A.; Hill, Martin P.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Center, Ted D.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. RP Coetzee, JA (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. EM julie.coetzee@ru.ac.za OI Byrne, Marcus/0000-0002-5155-2599 FU Water Program of the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, South Africa FX The Working for Water Program of the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, South Africa, is acknowledged for its financial assistance with this project. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 103 EP 111 AR PII 909323143 DI 10.1080/09583150802661057 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 416HQ UT WOS:000263996900005 ER PT J AU Jaramillo, J Vega, FE AF Jaramillo, Juliana Vega, Fernando E. TI Aphanogmus sp (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae): a hyperparasitoid of the coffee berry borer parasitoid Prorops nasuta (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) in Kenya SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE organic coffee; coffee berry borer; Prorops nasuta; hyperparasitoid; Aphanogmus; Africa ID HYPOTHENEMUS-HAMPEI COLEOPTERA; SCOLYTIDAE; BIOLOGY AB This is the first report of a hyperparasitoid of Prorops nasuta, a primary parasitoid of the coffee berry borer. Aphanogmus sp. is a gregarious ectoparasitoid of larval and pupal stages of P. nasuta, which was found in coffee berry samples collected on the ground of an organic coffee plantation in Western Kenya. The hyperparasitoid shows a clear pattern of emergence from year to year, following its host. Aphanogmus sp. parasitizes around 10% of P. nasuta immature stages under field conditions. C1 [Jaramillo, Juliana] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Jaramillo, Juliana] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Plant Dis & Plant Protect, D-30419 Hannover, Germany. [Vega, Fernando E.] ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jaramillo, J (reprint author), Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, POB 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. EM jjaramillo@icipe.org OI Vega, Fernando E./0000-0001-8103-5640 FU German Research Foundation - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) FX We thank Mr Abel O. Mainya from Kisii Coffee Demonstration for kindly providing the coffee berries and Matthew Buffington (USDA, ARS, Systematic Entomology Laboratory) for identifying the specimens. This study was funded by the German Research Foundation - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). NR 11 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 113 EP 116 AR PII 909323190 DI 10.1080/09583150802509181 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 416HQ UT WOS:000263996900006 ER PT J AU Cancino, J Ruiz, L Perez, J Harris, E AF Cancino, Jorge Ruiz, Lia Perez, Jorge Harris, Ernest TI Irradiation of Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) eggs for the rearing of the fruit fly parasitoids, Fopius arisanus and Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE egg irradiation; irradiated host; parasitoid mass-rearing ID SUSPENSA AB Irradiated eggs of Anastrepha ludens were evaluated as hosts of two fruit-fly parasitoids for mass rearing. Three different ages of A. ludens eggs (24-, 48- and 72-h-old) were analyzed for hatchability after being subjected to radiation doses of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5 and 30 Gy. No significant reduction in hatchability occurred with the 72-h-old eggs at any of the radiation dose levels and no adult emergence occurred at radiation doses greater than 25 Gy. Seventy two-h-old eggs irradiated above 25 Gy were found to be the best age and dose for fruit fly egg hosts to be used in mass rearing the egg parasitoid Fopius arisanus. It was demonstrated that larvae hatching from the irradiated A. ludens eggs can also be used as hosts for Diachasmimorpha longicaudata. Parasitoid emergence of both species was not statistically different from the control group (parasitoids emerged from non-irradiated host). The fecundity of parasitoids emerged from irradiated hosts also was similar to that obtained with parasitoids reared with non-irradiated hosts. There were some statistical differences between the curves for longevity. However, these were not clearly correlated with radiation dose. The results of this study will aid in the design of improved methods for mass rearing and release of fruit-fly parasitoids. C1 [Cancino, Jorge; Ruiz, Lia; Perez, Jorge] Campana Nacl Moscas Fruta, Desarrollo Metodos, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. [Harris, Ernest] ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Cancino, J (reprint author), Campana Nacl Moscas Fruta, Desarrollo Metodos, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. EM jcancino@ecosur.mx RI Cancino, Jorge/C-2565-2016 FU IAEA; Medfly Program - SAGARPA [10848] FX We thank Edgar de Leon for his technical help. We are also grateful to M.C. Yeudiel Gomez and his team for their help in the irradiation of eggs. This work was supported by the IAEA in cooperation with the Medfly Program - SAGARPA under contract No. 10848. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 SU 1 SI SI BP 167 EP 177 DI 10.1080/09583150802439827 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA V21GP UT WOS:000208196400013 ER PT J AU Cancino, J Ruiz, L Sivinski, J Galvez, FO Aluja, M AF Cancino, Jorge Ruiz, Lia Sivinski, John Galvez, Fredy O. Aluja, Martin TI Rearing of five hymenopterous larval-prepupal (Braconidae, Figitidae) and three pupal (Diapriidae, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) native parasitoids of the genus Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) on irradiated A. ludens larvae and pupae SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fruit fly parasitoids; mass rearing; host irradiation; Tephritidae; Braconidae; Figitidae; Diapriidae; Eurytomidae; Chalcidoidae AB The aim of this study was to ascertain if eight species of native larval-prepupal and pupal Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids which have been recently domesticated and colonized (Aluja et al. in press) could be reared on irradiated larvae and pupae, and if such was the case, determine the optimal irradiation dose so that only adult parasitoids (not flies) would emerge. The species considered were: Doryctobracon crawfordi, Utetes anastrephae, Opius hirtus (all larval-prepupal braconids), Aganaspis pelleranoi, Odontosema anastrephae (both larval-prepupal figitids), Coptera haywardi, Eurytoma sivinskii and Dirhinus sp. (diapriid, eurytomid and chalcidoid pupal parasitoids). Eight-day-old A. ludens larvae or 3-day-old A. ludens pupae were irradiated with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60 and 70 Gy under free oxygen and then subjected to parasitoid attack. Emergence of the unparasitized host was completely halted at 20-25 Gy but such was not the case with the three braconid parasitoids that emerged even if subjected to doses as high as 70 Gy. In the case of the figitids, the emergence of the host and the parasitoids was completely halted at 20 and 25 Gy, respectively. Some parasitoid emergence was recorded at 5-15 Gy but at this irradiation dose, fly adults also emerged rendering the fly/parasitoid separation procedures impractical. Finally, in the case of the pupal parasitoids, A. ludens adults emerged from unparasitized pupae irradiated at 15 Gy. Beyond this dose, only parasitoids emerged. With the exception of the figitid larval-prepupal parasitoids, irradiation did not negatively affect adult longevity or fecundity. Our results show that parasitoid mass rearing with irradiated hosts is technically feasible. C1 [Aluja, Martin] Inst Ecol, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. [Sivinski, John] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [Cancino, Jorge; Ruiz, Lia; Galvez, Fredy O.] Campana Nacl Moscas Fruta, Desarrollo Metodos, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. RP Aluja, M (reprint author), Inst Ecol, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. EM martin.aluja@inecol.edu.mx RI Cancino, Jorge/C-2565-2016 FU International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) [10848]; Mexican Campana Nacional Contra Moscas de la Fruta (Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural y Pesca Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion para la Agricultura [SAGARPA-IICA]); Instituto de Ecologia, A.C. (INECOL); CONACyT [79449] FX We thank two anonymous reviewers and the editor for helping us produce a more polished final product. Francisco Diaz-Fleischer (Subdireccion de Desarrollo de Metodos, Campana Nacional Contra Moscas de la Fruta [CNCMF]), Mariano Ordano, Juan Rull, Ricardo Ramirez and Larissa Guillen (all Instituto de Ecologia, A.C. [INECOL]) also made many useful comments on an earlier draft. Javier Valle Mora (El Colegio de la Frontera Sur) and Francisco Diaz-Fleischer (CNCMF) made important suggestions on data analyses. We appreciate the technical support provided by Edelfo Perez, Mario Pineda, Javier Robledo, Floriberto Perez, Velizario Ribera and Marbel Monjaraz (all Subdireccion de Desarrollo de Metodos, CNCMF). We are also grateful to Yeudiel Gomez and his staff (Programa MoscaMed) for having irradiated all the larvae and pupae used in this study. Thanks are due to Nicoletta Righini and Alberto Anzures (both INECOL) for formatting and final preparation of this manuscript. This work was financed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) through contract No. 10848, the Mexican Campana Nacional Contra Moscas de la Fruta (Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural y Pesca Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion para la Agricultura [SAGARPA-IICA]) and the Instituto de Ecologia, A.C. (INECOL). MA also acknowledges support from CONACyT through a Sabbatical Year Fellowship (Ref. 79449) and thanks Benno Graf and Jorg Samietz (Forschungsanstalt Agroscope Changins-Wadenswil ACW), for providing ideal working conditions to finish writing this paper. NR 34 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 SU 1 SI SI BP 193 EP 209 DI 10.1080/09583150802377423 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA V21GP UT WOS:000208196400015 ER PT J AU Horn, BW Dorner, JW AF Horn, Bruce W. Dorner, Joe W. TI Effect of nontoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus on aflatoxin contamination of wounded peanut seeds inoculated with agricultural soil containing natural fungal populations SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; Arachis hypogaea; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus parasiticus; biological control; groundnut; peanut ID DROUGHT-STRESSED PEANUTS; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY; PREHARVEST AFLATOXIN; ATOXIGENIC STRAIN; FIELD APPLICATION; SECTION FLAVI; UNITED-STATES; COLONIZATION; MYCOTOXIN; TRANSECT AB Peanuts and other seed and grain crops are commonly contaminated with carcinogenic aflatoxins, secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Aflatoxin contamination of peanuts in the field can be reduced by 77-98% with biological control through the application of nontoxigenic strains of these species, which competitively exclude native aflatoxin-producing strains from developing peanuts. In this study, viable peanut seeds were artificially wounded and inoculated with field soil containing natural fungal populations that were supplemented with conidia of nontoxigenic A. flavus NRRL 21882 (niaD nitrate-nonutilizing mutant) and A. parasiticus NRRL 21369 (conidial color mutant). Increasing soil densities of applied nontoxigenic strains generally resulted in an increase in the incidence of seed colonization by applied nontoxigenic strains, a decrease in seed colonization by native A. flavus and A. parasiticus, and a decrease in aflatoxin concentration in seeds. Reduction of aflatoxins in peanut seeds depended on both the density and the aflatoxin-producing potential of native populations and on the fungal strain used for biological control. Wild-type strain A. flavus NRRL 21882 and its niaD mutant were equally effective in reducing aflatoxins in peanuts, indicating that nitrate-nonutilizing mutants, which are easily monitored in the field, can be used for evaluating the efficacy of biocontrol strains. C1 [Horn, Bruce W.; Dorner, Joe W.] ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Horn, BW (reprint author), ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, POB 509, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. EM bruce.horn@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 3 BP 249 EP 262 AR PII 910573582 DI 10.1080/09583150802696541 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 435YU UT WOS:000265380200002 ER PT J AU Moeri, OE Cuda, JP Overholt, WA Bloem, S Carpenter, JE AF Moeri, Onour E. Cuda, James P. Overholt, William A. Bloem, Stephanie Carpenter, James E. TI F-1 sterile insect technique: A novel approach for risk assessment of Episimus unguiculus (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a candidate biological control agent of Schinus terebinthifolius in the continental USA SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE F-1 sterile insect technique; Episimus unguiculus; weed biological control; inherited sterility; Brazilian peppertree ID CACTOBLASTIS-CACTORUM LEPIDOPTERA; CODLING MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; INHERITED STERILITY; BRAZILIAN PEPPER; WEED-CONTROL; PYRALIDAE; RADIATION; FLORIDA; GROWTH; PLANTS AB Federal regulations mandate that researchers in the field of classical weed biological control follow the precautionary principle when proposing the release of an organism that can affect our environment. However, laboratory risk assessment experiments often predict a much broader host range than that which occurs in the field. Because open-field tests are prohibited in the area of introduction, the application of the F-1 sterile insect technique (F1SIT) could be used to conduct field testing in the proposed release area in a safe and temporary manner. In this study, we determined the minimum dose of radiation required to field test the tortricid Episimus unguiculus (Clarke), a candidate for biological control of Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) in Florida. Male and female virgin E. unguiculus adults were treated with increasing doses of gamma radiation and either inbred or outcrossed to non-treated E. unguiculus adults. Pairs of adults were placed in oviposition cages and allowed to mate and oviposit. Data from fecundity and fertility counts were recorded. The dose at which treated females were 100% sterile was 200 Gy. The dose at which F-1 females and males were 100% sterile was 225 Gy. As the dose of radiation increased, there was an increase in sterility, a decrease in fecundity for both treated female crosses, and a higher ratio of F-1 males to females. The F-1 sterile insect technique (F1SIT) could be suitably applied to other areas of pest management, including risk assessment of potential lepidopteran biological control agents of invasive, exotic weeds. C1 [Moeri, Onour E.; Cuda, James P.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Overholt, William A.] Univ Florida, Biol Control Res & Containment Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Bloem, Stephanie] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Plant Epidemiol & Risk Anal Lab, Raleigh, NC USA. [Carpenter, James E.] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA USA. RP Moeri, OE (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM oemoeri@gmail.com FU South Florida Water Management District; Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission; University of Florida, IFAS, Center for Natural Resources FX We thank Dr Burrell Smittle, Carl Gillis, and Suzanne Fraser at The Florida Accelerator Services and Technology Gainesville, FL for their support and assistance in the irradiation of the E. unguiculus moths. We thank Judy Gillmore and students in the Weed Biological Control Laboratory, Entomology & Nematology Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, for their support and maintenance of E. unguiculus colonies. We also thank Veronica Manrique for supplying Brazilian peppertree plants and Sean McCann for help with statistical analysis. Finally, we thank the South Florida Water Management District, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (formerly the Department of Environmental Protection), and The University of Florida, IFAS, Center for Natural Resources for supporting this research. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 SU 1 SI SI BP 303 EP 315 DI 10.1080/09583150902741932 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA V21GP UT WOS:000208196400024 ER PT J AU Tate, CD Hight, SD Carpenter, JE AF Tate, C. D. Hight, S. D. Carpenter, J. E. TI Oviposition preference of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in caged choice experiments and the influence on risk assessment of F-1 sterility SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cactus moth; inherited sterility; invasive species; risk assessment; weed biological control AB Releases of lepidopteran biological control agents have successfully controlled invasive weed species. However, issues with non-target effects of released exotic agents have resulted in stringent pre-release host specificity testing. Use of inherited (F-1) sterility, a radiation induced genetic condition that can cause sterility in the F-1 generation, could further assess the risk of non-target effects and negative ecological effects under field conditions. This technique may aid in approving potentially effective and safe biological control agents for release. The unintentional arrival of the cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum, into the United States provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the potential of F-1 sterility. This study was conducted to assess host oviposition preferences of C. cactorum females mated with irradiated and non-irradiated males for cactus species from seven groups based on location, cactus growth characteristics (plant structure), spine densities, genera, and economic importance. No significant differences in female host preference were observed between females mated with normal or irradiated males. Lack of significant differences in oviposition preference suggests that inherited (F-1) sterility has potential as a risk assessment tool for potential exotic biological control agents for invasive weed species. Evaluation of the overall analysis of female C. cactorum host preference revealed that significantly different numbers of eggsticks were oviposited on cactus species. In whole plant cages, significantly more eggsticks were oviposited on Opuntia corallicola than any other species, and in cladode cages, significantly more eggsticks were oviposited on Opuntia humifusa than all other species except Opuntia pusilla. C1 [Carpenter, J. E.] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA USA. [Hight, S. D.] ARS, USDA, CMAVE Ctr Biol Control, FAMU, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Tate, C. D.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, CPHST Lab, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Carpenter, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA USA. EM jim.carpenter@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 SU 1 SI SI BP 317 EP 333 DI 10.1080/09583150902814507 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA V21GP UT WOS:000208196400025 ER PT J AU Lundgren, JG Nichols, S Prischmann, DA Ellsbury, MM AF Lundgren, Jonathan G. Nichols, Sharon Prischmann, Deirdre A. Ellsbury, Michael M. TI Seasonal and diel activity patterns of generalist predators associated with Diabrotica virgifera immatures (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acari; Aranae; biological control; Carabidae; corn rootworm; Gryllidae; Phalangiidae; predator community; Staphylinidae ID WESTERN CORN-ROOTWORM; SORTING PITFALL TRAP; ARTHROPODS; AGROECOSYSTEMS; EFFICIENCY; DESIGN AB The diel and seasonal activity of epigeal predators associated with pre-imaginal Diabrotica virgifera was described. Due to its duration, the egg stage was exposed to more predators than the larval stage. Most predators were easily categorized into day- and night-active guilds. Seasonal and diel niche partitioning may contribute to the maintenance of this diverse and abundant predator community. C1 [Lundgren, Jonathan G.; Nichols, Sharon; Prischmann, Deirdre A.; Ellsbury, Michael M.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Lundgren, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM jonathan.lundgren@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 3 BP 327 EP 333 AR PII 910571760 DI 10.1080/09583150802696533 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 435YU UT WOS:000265380200008 ER PT J AU Jin, XX Ugine, TA Chen, J Streett, AD AF Jin, Xixuan Ugine, Todd A. Chen, Jian Streett, A. Douglas TI Method for determining the best hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) number for a compatible non-ionic surfactant in formulation development for aerial conidia of Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; hydrophilic-lipophilic balance number; mycoinsecticides; Metarhizium anisopliae; surfactant; wettable formulations ID BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; WATER; OILS AB A direct dropping method was developed to determine the best hydrophilic-lipophilic balance number of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia at different water content levels during dehydration. Results showed the best HLB number of the tested M. anisopliae conidia was 8; dehydration did not change the best HLB number but significantly increased wetting time. C1 [Jin, Xixuan; Chen, Jian; Streett, A. Douglas] USDA ARS MSA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Natl Biol Control Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Ugine, Todd A.] USDA ARS MSA, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Jin, XX (reprint author), USDA ARS MSA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Natl Biol Control Lab, 59 Lee Rd,POB 67, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM xixuan.jin@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 3 BP 341 EP 347 AR PII 910572982 DI 10.1080/09583150902725893 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 435YU UT WOS:000265380200010 ER PT J AU Boughton, AJ Bennett, CA Goolsby, JA Pemberton, RW AF Boughton, Anthony J. Bennett, Christine A. Goolsby, John A. Pemberton, Robert W. TI Laboratory host range testing of Neomusotima conspurcatalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) - a potential biological control agent of the invasive weed, Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum (Lygodiaceae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neomusotima conspurcatalis; host range; Lygodium microphyllum ID SCHIZAEACEAE; FLORIDA; GENUS; AUSTROMUSOTIMA; JAPONICUM; AUSTRALIA; ASIA AB Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum, is a serious invasive weed in south Florida. Development of biological control is vital for sustainable management of L. microphyllum. Neomusotima conspurcatalis was discovered in Hong Kong in 1997 and was subsequently found causing feeding damage on L. microphyllum in much of its native range in Asia. Quarantine testing of N. conspurcatalis used 37 non-Lygodium fern species representative of New World genera of cultivated ferns and fern allies, one gymnosperm, three crop species, six Lygodium species, and the primary host L. microphyllum. No significant oviposition or feeding was observed on any of the 41 non-Lygodium species evaluated. Oviposition and feeding occurred on all Lygodium species, but amounts were low and usually significantly less than observed on L. microphyllum. The exception was L. japonicum, which was preferred as an oviposition host. Neomusotima conspurcatalis was only able to complete development on L. japonicum and L. palmatum, but survival on these species was only half that occurring on L. microphyllum. Neomusotima conspurcatalis is a Lygodium specialist. Lygodium japonicum is an invasive weed in the United States. Lygodium palmatum is restricted to areas of the United States where freezing winter temperatures would be lethal to N. conspurcatalis. It was concluded that N. conspurcatalis would pose no threat to native or cultivated plants in North America or the Caribbean and should be considered for biocontrol of L. microphyllum. A release petition was submitted in 2005. An USDA-APHIS release permit for N. conspurcatalis was issued in 2007. C1 [Boughton, Anthony J.; Pemberton, Robert W.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. [Bennett, Christine A.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr, Dept Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Goolsby, John A.] USDA ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Boughton, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. EM anthony.boughton@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Department of Environmental Protection; South Florida Water Management District FX The authors would like to thank staff of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization working at the USDA-ARS Australian Biocontrol Lab, CSIRO Long Pocket Laboratories, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia for assistance with several aspects of this work. Anthony Wright, Jeff Makinson and Ryan Zonneveld (CSIRO Entomology) made field collections of N. conspurcatalis and conducted preliminary host range screening studies in Australia. Ryan Zonneveld conducted the low temperature survival studies. Luke Kasarjian, Horticultural Technician, USDA-ARS IPRL, provided logistical support and made weekly collections of L. microphyllum foliage used for colony maintenance. Dr. Gary Buckingham, USDA-ARS (retired) helped with experimental design and other technical support. This research was funded by financial support from the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and the South Florida Water Management District. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 4 BP 369 EP 390 AR PII 910816511 DI 10.1080/09583150902771194 PG 22 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 439OX UT WOS:000265638000002 ER PT J AU Clement, SL Smith, LJ Prena, J Kleene, MD Johnson, RC AF Clement, S. L. Smith, L. J. Prena, J. Kleene, M. D. Johnson, R. C. TI Non-target plant use by a weed biocontrol agent in idaho: host expansion or opportunistic behavior? SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Larinus curtus; yellow starthistle; weed biocontrol; safflower; non-target host plant; host-specificity ID CENTAUREA-SOLSTITIALIS L; YELLOW STARTHISTLE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; L ASTERACEAE; SPECIFICITY; CURCULIONIDAE; TEPHRITIDAE; COLEOPTERA; CANDIDATE AB Larinus curtus Hochhuth (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was first introduced into the western United States from Greece for the biological control of yellow starthistle (YST), Centaurea solstitialis L., in 1992. The discovery of L. curtus adults in the open flowerheads of safflower (SF), Carthamus tinctorius L., near Lewiston, Idaho in 2007 suggested this weevil might be expanding its host range to include a non-target crop species closely related to YST. In 2008 field plots near the 2007 observation site, 92 L. curtus adults fed in open SF flowerheads (pollen feeding and minor feeding on corolla tubes). No eggs were found in the ovarioles of 19 pollen-feeding females. No eggs, larvae, or evidence of larval feeding were detected in 39 tagged SF capitula, and no adults emerged from approximately 7,135 post-flowering SF capitula. These collective results are not indicative of an expanding developmental host-range of L. curtus. Also, they are consistent with pre-release host-specificity test results. C1 [Clement, S. L.; Johnson, R. C.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Plant Germplasm Intro & Testing Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Smith, L. J.] Univ Idaho, Lewiston, ID USA. [Prena, J.] ARS, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. [Kleene, M. D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Clement, SL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Plant Germplasm Intro & Testing Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM slclement@wsu.edu NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 4 BP 455 EP 461 AR PII 910816482 DI 10.1080/09583150902722791 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 439OX UT WOS:000265638000008 ER PT J AU Dugan, FM Akamatsu, H Lupien, SL Chen, WD Chilvers, ML Peever, TL AF Dugan, Frank M. Akamatsu, Hajime Lupien, Shari L. Chen, Weidong Chilvers, Martin L. Peever, Tobin L. TI Ascochyta blight of chickpea reduced 38% by application of Aureobasidium pullulans (anamorphic Dothioraceae, Dothideales) to post-harvest debris SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ascochyta rabiei; Cicer arietinum; Cladosporium; Davidiella; Didymella rabiei ID DIDYMELLA-RABIEI; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; UNITED-STATES; TEMPERATURE; TELEOMORPH; PATHOGENS; GENETICS AB In 2004-2005, application of non-amended suspensions of Aureobasidium pullulans conidia to post-harvest chickpea debris resulted in 37.9% fewer Ascochyta blight lesions on chickpea test plants relative to controls. Analogous tests in 2006-2007 resulted in 38.4% fewer lesions. Ascospores released from debris were predominantly Davidiella sp. (anamorph, Cladosporium sp.) followed by Didymella rabiei (anamorph, Ascochyta rabiei, agent of Ascochyta blight). C1 [Dugan, Frank M.; Lupien, Shari L.; Chen, Weidong] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Akamatsu, Hajime; Chilvers, Martin L.; Peever, Tobin L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Dugan, FM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM fdugan@wsu.edu RI Chilvers, Martin/A-3548-2010 OI Chilvers, Martin/0000-0001-8832-1666 FU USDA Cool Season Legume Research Program FX We thank Ellen Johnston,Julie Thayer, Dan Dreesmann, Wayne Olson, Sarah Jongeward. Masato Kawabe, Yung-Chun Chen and Heather Clarkson for technical assistance, and the USDA Cool Season Legume Research Program for financial support. We thank Bruce Gossen, Cheryl Cho, Mark Mazzola and Tim Paulitz for constructive comments on the manuscript. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 5-6 BP 537 EP 545 DI 10.1080/09583150902730448 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 478EO UT WOS:000268570800007 ER PT J AU Rocha, LFN Tai, MHH dos Santos, AH Albernaz, DAD Humber, RA Luz, C AF Nunes Rocha, Luiz Fernando Hua Tai, Marina Hsiang dos Santos, Adelair Helena dos Santos Albernaz, Douglas Araujo Humber, Richard Alan Luz, Christian TI Occurrence of invertebrate-pathogenic fungi in a Cerrado ecosystem in Central Brazil SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; conservation; Entomophthorales; Hypocreales; isolation; vector ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; AEDES-AEGYPTI AB Occurrence of invertebrate-pathogenic fungi in a protected area of the Cerrado region of Brazil is reported. Fungi were baited with triatomines, ticks, aquatic snails or mosquito larvae from substrates or collected from infected insects. The findings underscore the importance to preserve these fungi and to investigate their potential for vector control. C1 [Nunes Rocha, Luiz Fernando; Hua Tai, Marina Hsiang; dos Santos, Adelair Helena; dos Santos Albernaz, Douglas Araujo; Luz, Christian] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Humber, Richard Alan] Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA ARS, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res Unit, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Luz, C (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM wolf@iptsp.ufg.br FU National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq. Brazil) FX The authors thank the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq. Brazil) for financial support and Jeremias Lunardelli for kindly permitting to collect fungi at Santa Branca Farm. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 5-6 BP 547 EP 553 DI 10.1080/09583150902789337 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 478EO UT WOS:000268570800008 ER PT J AU Nadel, H Daane, KM Hoelmer, KA Pickett, CH Johnson, MW AF Nadel, Hannah Daane, Kent M. Hoelmer, Kim A. Pickett, Charles H. Johnson, Marshall W. TI Non-target host risk assessment of the idiobiont parasitoid Bracon celer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for biological control of olive fruit fly in California SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE olives; biological control; non-target risk; Bactrocera oleae; Bracon celer; Tephritidae ID LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; CONTROL AGENT; PSYTTALIA-CONCOLOR; ARTHROPOD PESTS; TEPHRITIDAE; DIPTERA; CAPE AB Non-target risk posed by an African parasitoid, Bracon celer Szepligeti (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), was assessed for a classical biological control program against olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae), in California, USA. Behavioral and reproductive responses to nontarget tephritid species were tested with beneficial (Chaetorellia succinea [Costa] and Parafreutreta regalis Munro) (Tephritidae: Tephritinae) and native (Rhagoletis fausta [Osten Sacken]) (Tephritidae: Trypetinae) fruit fly species in successive no-choice and choice experiments under close confinement in quarantine. Nontarget host-plant substrates exposed to B. celer were yellow-starthistle flower heads containing C. succinea, Cape ivy stem galls containing P. regalis, and bitter-cherry fruit containing R. fausta. The parasitoid probed all three infested nontarget plant substrates, but significantly less than olives infested with B. oleae. It produced offspring from P. regalis in Cape ivy stem galls, but appeared unable to penetrate yellow-starthistle flower heads with its ovipositor. Bracon celer killed some B. oleae and R. fausta larvae without parasitism. Reproduction on P. regalis indicates that B. celer has a broad physiological host range, which, combined with the parasitoid's acceptance of all three host-plant substrates, indicates a strong potential to negatively impact non-target species. Although physical and temporal barriers to host attack may reduce risk to most non-target tephritids by B. celer in California, the parasitoid should not be released due to its risk of harming the beneficial P. regalis. Release of P. regalis is still under consideration, however, and final risk assessment should depend on whether the fly proves useful for weed control. C1 [Nadel, Hannah; Daane, Kent M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nadel, Hannah; Johnson, Marshall W.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hoelmer, Kim A.] USDA ARS, European Biol Control Lab, Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Hoelmer, Kim A.] USDA ARS, Newark, DE USA. [Pickett, Charles H.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Biol Control Program, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. RP Nadel, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hannah@ucr.edu FU California Specialty Crop Block; California Olive Committee FX We thank John W. Andrews Jr ( University of California, Berkeley) for invaluable help in the Quarantine, Jim Brown ( CDFA, Biological Control Program) for rearing host plants; Joe Balciunas ( USDA- ARS) for providing Cape ivy flies; Nada Tomic- Carruthers ( USDA- ARS) for advice on rearing C. succinea, and Susan Opp and Bridget Mooney ( California State University East Bay) for enhancing our C. succinea rearing method; Mike Pitcairn ( CDFA, Biological Control Program), David Headrick ( California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo) and Russell Messing ( University of Hawaii) for useful suggestions and ideas; and Marta Yamamoto, Martha Gerik, Clara Funk, and Sasha Mortezaei for laboratory assistance. Three anonymous reviewers made helpful suggestions that improved the manuscript. Funds were provided by the California Specialty Crop Block Grant ( administered by the California Department of Food and Agriculture, with funding from the United States Department of Agriculture) and the California Olive Committee. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 7 BP 701 EP 715 DI 10.1080/09583150902974384 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 491LZ UT WOS:000269581700003 ER PT J AU Boughton, AJ Pemberton, RW AF Boughton, Anthony J. Pemberton, Robert W. TI Establishment of an imported natural enemy, Neomusotima conspurcatalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) against an invasive weed, Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum, in Florida SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lygodium microphyllum; Neomusotima conspurcatalis; establishment ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AB Neomusotima conspurcatalis established populations against L. microphyllum at three locations in Florida during 2008. A total of 31,091 insects were released. Ten months later populations estimated at 1.6 to 8.2 million larvae per site had defoliated over 14,000 m(2) of L. microphyllum. Findings look promising for biocontrol of L. microphyllum in Florida. C1 [Boughton, Anthony J.; Pemberton, Robert W.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. RP Boughton, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. EM anthony.boughton@ars.usda.gov FU CSIR FX The authors would like to thank Anthony Wright, Jeff Makinson and Ryan Zonneveld (CSIRO Entomology) working at the Australian Biocontrol Laboratory (ABCL) in Brisbane, Australia, for making field collections of N. conspurcatalis. USDA-ARS employees Christine Bennett, Rachel Taylor and Gloria Witkus assisted with colony maintenance and release efforts, while Luke Kasarjian, provided logistical support. NR 8 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 7 BP 769 EP 772 DI 10.1080/09583150903100823 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 491LZ UT WOS:000269581700008 ER PT J AU Lundgren, JG Haye, T Toepfer, S Kuhlmann, U AF Lundgren, Jonathan G. Haye, Tim Toepfer, Stefan Kuhlmann, Ulrich TI A multifaceted hemolymph defense against predation in Diabrotica virgifera virgifera larvae SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; Carabidae; Chrysomelidae; maize; predation; rootworm ID WESTERN CORN-ROOTWORM; CHEMICAL DEFENSE; GROUND BEETLE; COLEOPTERA-CHRYSOMELIDAE; CUCURBITACINS; COAGULATION; BIOLOGY; CARABIDAE; ECOLOGY; EGGS AB The physical and chemical aspects of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera larval hemolymph were quantitatively assessed against two predatory beetle species in the laboratory. Adult Poecilus cupreus and Harpalus pensylvanicus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) were fed pupae, second or third instar D. v. virgifera or a palatable surrogate prey, i.e., Calliphora vicina or Sarcophaga bullata larvae (Diptera: Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, respectively) of equivalent size. The ethanol-soluble fraction of third instar D. v. virgifera hemolymph was extracted and suspended in a 0.24 M sucrose solution and offered to H. pensylvanicus (using a sucrose only control for comparison). The mean duration until first consumption was recorded for each predator, as was the amount of time spent eating, cleaning, resting, or walking for 2 min post-attack (or 5 min for the sugar assay). Maggots and D. virgifera larvae and pupae were attacked equally by both predators. But upon attack, D. v. virgifera larval hemolymph coagulated onto the mouthparts of the predators, which they began vigorously cleaning. Predators ate the sucrose solution for significantly longer than hemolymph + sucrose solution, indicating the presence of deterrent chemicals in the hemolymph. This research suggests that D. v. virgifera larvae are defended from predation by sticky and repellent hemolymph. We hypothesize that this defense partially explains the widespread success of D. v. virgifera as an invasive pest. C1 [Lundgren, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Haye, Tim; Kuhlmann, Ulrich] CABI Europe Switzerland, Delemont, Switzerland. [Toepfer, Stefan] CABI Europe, Plant Hlth Serv, H-6800 Hodmezovasarhely, Hungary. RP Lundgren, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM Jonathan.Lundgren@ars.usda.gov FU OECD Research Fellowship FX We thank Carson Dinger (USDA-ARS), Janet Fergen (USDA-ARS), Mallory Johnson (USDA-ARS), Hongmei Li (CABI), Sam Magnus (CABI) and Mike Wogin (CABI) for assistance with behavioral observations, and Urs Schaffner (CAB) for his knowledge and input on hemolymph defenses. Chad Nielson (USDA-ARS) and Lars Andreassen (CABI) provided helpful advice on rearing of insects. John Tooker (Pennsylvania State University) and Wade French (USDA-ARS) reviewed an earlier draft of this manuscript. This research was funded in part by an OECD Research Fellowship. Mention of any proprietary product does not constitute endorsement by the USDA. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 8 BP 871 EP 880 AR PII 913887054 DI 10.1080/09583150903168549 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 491MB UT WOS:000269581900007 ER PT J AU Goolsby, JA Moran, PJ Adamczyk, JJ Kirk, AA Jones, WA Marcos, MA Cortes, E AF Goolsby, J. A. Moran, P. J. Adamczyk, J. J. Kirk, A. A. Jones, W. A. Marcos, M. A. Cortes, E. TI Host range of the European, rhizome-stem feeding scale Rhizaspidiotus donacis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), a candidate biological control agent for giant reed, Arundo donax (Poales: Poaceae) in North America SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control of weeds; host specificity testing; invasive grasses ID TETRAMESA-ROMANA; COCCOIDEA; INSECTS; INVASION AB The armored scale Rhizaspidiotus donacis (Leornardi) was evaluated as a potential biological control agent of the invasive reed grass Arundo donax in North America. No-choice tests, native range field surveys and non-target host exposures were used to determine the fundamental host range of the scale collected from Caloma, Spain and Perpignan, France. Thirty-five species, including two genotypes of A. donax and seven ecotypes of Phragmites australis, along with closely related grasses, economic grasses and habitat associates were tested. In quarantine no-choice testing using releases of 200 crawlers per plant, normal development of R. donacis was observed on A. donax and A. formosana, with very limited survival to the adult stage on Spartina alterniflora and Leptochloa spp. In follow-up studies using 1000 crawlers per plant, 10 live adult females were found on Leptochloa virgata, and one adult female on Spartina alterniflora, but average adult female abundance per plant was (2580%) 26-times lower on L. virgata and over (39,090%) 100-times lower on S. alterniflora than on A. donax. Field surveys were conducted at five locations in Spain and France at which A. donax infested with R. donacis, co-occurred with two non-target species of concern and R. donacis was only found on A. donax. Six-month field host exposures in Spain using potted Leptochloa plants entwined with heavily infested A. donax confirmed that R. donacis is specific to Arundo under field conditions. Based on our results, the scale R. donacis appears to be specific to the genus Arundo and is unlikely to harm native or cultivated plants in the Americas. C1 [Goolsby, J. A.; Moran, P. J.; Adamczyk, J. J.] ARS, USDA, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. [Kirk, A. A.; Jones, W. A.] USDA ARS, European Biol Control Lab, Montpellier, France. [Marcos, M. A.; Cortes, E.] Univ Alicante, Biodivers Res Inst CIBIO, Alicante, Spain. RP Goolsby, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. EM john.goolsby@ars.usda.gov OI Marcos-Garcia, M. Angeles/0000-0002-2439-2630 NR 46 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 9 BP 899 EP 918 AR PII 914208822 DI 10.1080/09583150903189099 PG 20 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 515ZA UT WOS:000271510200002 ER PT J AU Lacey, LA de la Rosa, F Horton, DR AF Lacey, Lawrence A. de la Rosa, Francisco Horton, David R. TI Insecticidal activity of entomopathogenic fungi (Hypocreales) for potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae): Development of bioassay techniques, effect of fungal species and stage of the psyllid SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Isaria fumosorosea; Metarhizium anisopliae; potato psyllid; Solanum tuberosum; Bactericera cockerelli; Beauveria bassiana; zebra chip; Hypocreales ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BEMISIA-TABACI; ZEBRA CHIP; PATHOGENS; HOMOPTERA; DISEASE; FLORIDA; CITRUS; ASSOCIATION AB The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc), is a pest of potato, tomato, and some other solanaceous vegetables and has also been incriminated in the transmission of a bacterial pathogen, Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum, resulting in a serious disease known as 'zebra chip'. Although there are several reports of fungal pathogens in psyllids, there are none from B. cockerelli, nor have any fungi been evaluated against it. Five isolates of fungi, one Beauveria bassiana, two Metarhizium anisopliae and two Isaria fumosorosea, were bioassayed against B. cockerelli on potato leaves under ideal conditions for the fungi. All applications were made with a Potter spray tower. With the exception of concentration-effect studies, all other applications were made using 107 conidia/mL in a 2-mL aqueous suspension. All isolates except B. bassiana, produced 95-99% mortality, corrected for control mortality, in adults 2-3 days after application of conidia and 91-99% in nymphs 4 days after application. The corrected mortalities for adults and nymphs treated with B. bassiana were 53 and 78%, respectively, 4 days after application. I. fumosorosea Pfr 97 produced 95% corrected mortality in both first and late third instar nymphs. M. anisopliae (F 52) produced 96% corrected mortality in first and third instar nymphs. Pfr 97 and F 52 were evaluated for insecticidal activity against third instar B. cockerelli using 105, 106, and 107 conidia per mL. Mortality produced by I. fumosorosea Pfr 97 ranged from 83 to 97% and that of M. anisopliae F 52 was 88 to 95% at these concentrations. C1 [Lacey, Lawrence A.; de la Rosa, Francisco; Horton, David R.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Lacey, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Lerry.Lacey@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 9 BP 957 EP 970 AR PII 915153895 DI 10.1080/09583150903243904 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 515ZA UT WOS:000271510200006 ER PT J AU Vero, S Garmendia, G Gonzalez, MB Garat, MF Wisniewski, M AF Vero, Silvana Garmendia, Gabriela Belen Gonzalez, M. Fernanda Garat, M. Wisniewski, Michael TI Aureobasidium pullulans as a biocontrol agent of postharvest pathogens of apples in Uruguay SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biocontrol; apples; postharvest; Aureobasidium pullulans ID PENICILLIUM-EXPANSUM; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; CITRUS-FRUIT; BLUE MOLD; SODIUM-BICARBONATE; CANDIDA-OLEOPHILA; IRON DEPLETION; DECAY; STRAINS; ROTS AB Aureobasidium pullulans was the microorganism most frequently recovered from the surface of apple fruit (cv. Red Delicious) stored in commercial cold chambers for 6 months. In the present work, 10 isolates of Aureobasidium pullulans were assayed to determine if they could control blue and grey mold disease of apple during cold storage. Although nine of 10 isolates, significantly reduced the percentage of decayed wounds when compared to the control, one of them, designated isolate ApB, showed the highest levels of protection. ApB was able to grow in a wide range of temperatures lower than 35 degrees C, which is an important human health safety factor. ApB was resistant to thiabendazole, iprodione and imazalil, the most commonly commercially applied fungicides in postharvest treatment of apples in Uruguay. Regarding the mechanisms of action of the selected biocontrol agent, lytic enzymes did not seem to play a central role. ApB depleted iron from nutrient media, which may be an important aspect of its ability to inhibit Botrytis cinerea. Further experiments are needed, however, to determine if the depletion of iron is caused by the production of siderophores, by the immobilization of iron in an insoluble pigment, or a combination of both. C1 [Vero, Silvana; Garmendia, Gabriela; Belen Gonzalez, M.; Fernanda Garat, M.] Univ Republica, Fac Quim, Catedra Microbiol, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Wisniewski, Michael] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Vero, S (reprint author), Univ Republica, Fac Quim, Catedra Microbiol, Montevideo, Uruguay. EM svero@fq.edu.uy RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010; OI Gonzalez, Mercedes/0000-0002-0808-0610 FU Fondo de Promocion de Tecnologia Agropecuaria; Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agropecuaria (INIA FPTA) FX This work was funded by the Fondo de Promocion de Tecnologia Agropecuaria from the Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agropecuaria (INIA FPTA) Project No. 212, Uruguay. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 10 BP 1033 EP 1049 AR PII 915266676 DI 10.1080/09583150903277738 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 520AY UT WOS:000271813300003 ER PT J AU Seagraves, MP Yeargan, KV AF Seagraves, Michael P. Yeargan, Kenneth V. TI Importance of predation by Coleomegilla maculata larvae in the natural control of the corn earworm in sweet corn SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coleomegilla maculata; Helicoverpa zea; nocturnal predation; natural enemy evaluation; conservation biological control ID COCCINELLIDAE POPULATION-DENSITY; OVIPOSITION SITE SELECTION; HELIOTHIS-ZEA BODDIE; ACALYPHA-OSTRYAEFOLIA; LEPIDOPTERA-NOCTUIDAE; GENERALIST PREDATORS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; MORTALITY FACTORS; COLEOPTERA AB The corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious pest of many crops in North America, particularly sweet corn. The larvae of Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are the most frequently observed predators of H. zea eggs in sweet corn. Companion cropping strategies have been developed to augment densities of C. maculata in sweet corn plantings. In this study, the importance of predation by C. maculata larvae was evaluated in experiments when larval abundance was manipulated using hand removal and physical exclusion. In 2003 and 2004, sentinel H. zea eggs were exposed on corn for 48 h. Egg mortality was 13.8% greater in the treatment where C. maculata larvae were present. In 2004 and 2005 eggs were exposed on corn under the same hand removal and physical exclusion techniques and monitored at 3-h intervals for 24 h to directly observe predation on sentinel eggs. Coleomegilla maculata larvae were the most frequently observed predators of the eggs, accounting for 45.9% of 85 total observed predation events in the control. Whereas in the treatment where C. maculata larvae were reduced, egg survival was 26.13% greater and only 37 total predation events were observed. All pest eggs were eliminated from individual ears 22.1% more often when C. maculata larvae were present at natural densities indicating that predation by this predator stage lessens crop damage by H. zea. The results of this study suggest that C. maculata larvae are an irreplaceable source of natural mortality for H. zea eggs on sweet corn. C1 [Seagraves, Michael P.; Yeargan, Kenneth V.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Seagraves, MP (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM michael.seagraves@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 10 BP 1067 EP 1079 AR PII 915659809 DI 10.1080/09583150903308715 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 520AY UT WOS:000271813300005 ER PT S AU Fratamico, PM Annous, BA Gunther, NW AF Fratamico, Pina M. Annous, Bassam A. Gunther, Nereus W. BE Fratamico, PM Annous, BA Gunther, NW TI Biofilms in the food and beverage industries Preface SO BIOFILMS IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Fratamico, Pina M.; Annous, Bassam A.; Gunther, Nereus W.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Fratamico, PM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Pina.Fratamico@ars.usda.gov; bassam.annous@ars.usda.gov; jack.gunther@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-477-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 181 BP XIX EP XX PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA BOC84 UT WOS:000276200100001 ER PT S AU Smith, J Fratamico, PM Uhlich, G AF Smith, J. Fratamico, P. M. Uhlich, G. BE Fratamico, PM Annous, BA Gunther, NW TI Molecular mechanisms involved in biofilm formation by food-associated bacteria SO BIOFILMS IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE biofilms; quorum sensing; bacteria; mechanisms; food; pathogens ID ENTEROHEMORRHAGIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; N-ACYLHOMOSERINE LACTONES; QUORUM-SENSING SYSTEM; SERRATIA-LIQUEFACIENS MG1; AIR-LIQUID INTERFACE; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES BIOFILMS; NATURAL GENETIC-TRANSFORMATION; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI STRAIN; AERUGINOSA LUNG INFECTION AB This chapter discusses the role of cell-to-cell signaling processes, known as quorum sensing, on biofilm formation in food-borne pathogens. When bacterial populations reach the 'quorum' level, signaling molecules bind to appropriate transcription regulators resulting in the activation or repression of target genes. In many bacterial species, the effect of quorum sensing on gene expression is closely linked with biofilm formation, which may be either negatively or positively regulated by quorum sensing. A potential strategy to control biofilm formation is by modulating quorum sensing through the use of signal analogs or by enzymatic degradation of the signaling molecules. C1 [Smith, J.; Fratamico, P. M.; Uhlich, G.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Smith, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM james.smith@ars.usda.gov; pina.fratamico@ars.usda.gov; gaylen.uhlich@ars.usda.gov NR 292 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-477-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 181 BP 42 EP 98 DI 10.1533/9781845697167.1.42 PG 57 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA BOC84 UT WOS:000276200100003 ER PT S AU Yan, X Fratamico, PM Gui, J AF Yan, X. Fratamico, P. M. Gui, Jin BE Fratamico, PM Annous, BA Gunther, NW TI A centralized database for use in studying bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing in food processing and other environments: MicroBQs SO BIOFILMS IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE biofilms; quorum sensing; website; database; MicroBQs ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SIGNAL MOLECULES; GENETIC COMPETENCE; PERSISTER CELLS; SALMONELLA; TRACT; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENESIS AB Biofilm formation in many bacterial species may be negatively or positively regulated by cell-to-cell signaling systems referred to as quorum sensing (QS). This chapter discusses the construction of a comprehensive, centralized database, known as MicroBQs, which will help in understanding and facilitating research related to biofilms, QS, and the role of QS in biofilm formation, ultimately enhancing food safety. Database contents include genomic and proteomic information, research tools and methods, mechanisms and pathways, as well as relevant literature references. Regular updating of information on the MicroBQs website obtained from internet sites, the scientific literature, and in-house research will be performed. The MicroBQs database can be accessed at http://microbqs.arserrc.gov. C1 [Yan, X.; Fratamico, P. M.] USDA, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Gui, Jin] Walden Univ, Coll Management & Technol, Minneapolis, MN 55401 USA. RP Yan, X (reprint author), USDA, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM xianghe.yan@ars.usda.gov; Pina.Fratamico@ars.usda.gov NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-477-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 181 BP 152 EP 166 DI 10.1533/9781845697167.1.152 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA BOC84 UT WOS:000276200100006 ER PT S AU Arnold, JW AF Arnold, Judy W. BE Fratamico, PM Annous, BA Gunther, NW TI Biofilms in poultry processing SO BIOFILMS IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE biofilm; poultry; sanitation; disinfectant; Listeria; Campylobacter; Salmonella ID STAINLESS-STEEL SURFACES; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; BACTERIAL-CONTAMINATION; MICROBIAL ATTACHMENT; SCANNING ELECTRON; CONTACT SURFACES; RESISTANCE AB The chapter conveys the importance of biofilm study in the environment of the poultry production and processing industries. Implications for food safety and security are established for sites of occurrence and causes of biofilm formation in poultry environments. Regulations and testing methods that are incorporated into industrial sanitation systems are related to the pathogens involved in recalls of poultry products. The physical, chemical, and electrochemical methods used to treat microbial contamination in poultry facilities are compared, and a comparison of efficacy is tabulated. The types of sanitation products used in the processing environment are compared, and alternative interventions are reported. Future trends, including regulatory controls, predictive microbiology, and outsourcing are suggested. C1 ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Arnold, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Judy.Arnold@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-477-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 181 BP 455 EP 473 DI 10.1533/9781845697167.4.455 PG 19 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA BOC84 UT WOS:000276200100018 ER PT S AU Qureshi, N AF Qureshi, Nasib BE Fratamico, PM Annous, BA Gunther, NW TI Beneficial biofilms: wastewater and other industrial applications SO BIOFILMS IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE biofilms; industrial chemicals; ethanol; butanol; lactic acid; acetic acid/vinegar; biofilm reactors; biofilm supports ID UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE; PLASTIC COMPOSITE SUPPORTS; CONTINUOUS SOLVENT PRODUCTION; SUCCINIC ACID PRODUCTION; CLOSTRIDIUM-ACETOBUTYLICUM; WHEY PERMEATE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; ZYMOMONAS-MOBILIS; RHIZOPUS-ORYZAE AB This chapter describes the use of beneficial biofilms for the production of industrial chemicals such as ethanol, butanol, lactic acid, acetic acid/vinegar, succinic acid, and fumaric acid. It also emphasizes application of biofilm reactors for treatment of dairy industry wastewater, oily sea water, and wastewater in general. The bioreactor designs where these biofilms are used can be batch, continuous stirred tank (CSTR), packed bed (PBR), fluidized bed (FBR), airlift (ALR), or any other suitable reactor configuration. Biofilm reactors are simple, offer higher productivities, and biofilm supports such as bone char, and clay brick particles are economically available. C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Qureshi, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Nasib.Qureshi@ars.usda.gov NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-477-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 181 BP 474 EP 498 DI 10.1533/9781845697167.4.474 PG 25 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA BOC84 UT WOS:000276200100019 ER PT S AU Rajkowski, KT AF Rajkowski, K. T. BE Fratamico, PM Annous, BA Gunther, NW TI Biofilms in fish processing SO BIOFILMS IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE biofilm; aquaculture; human pathogens; biofilm removal techniques ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES SCOTT; RECONDITIONED WASTE-WATER; SALMONID CULTURE-SYSTEM; FOOD CONTACT SURFACES; BUNA-N RUBBER; VIBRIO-PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; FRESH-WATER; ULTRAVIOLET-IRRADIATION AB The seafood industry is expanding to include traditional wild-caught species, as well as farm-raised species (aquaculture). With this expansion comes different growing and processing technologies. Biofilm formation has been problematic in the aquaculture industry from farm (preharvest) through the processing plant (post harvest). This chapter discusses the three product groups, mollusk, crustacean and finfish, with regard to possible biofilm formation. Of concern is the possibility that the biofilm may contain pathogenic microorganisms, i.e. Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp., Bacillus spp., Aeromonas and Pseudomonas spp. These microbes are known to form biofilms and information of their involvement in biofilm formation in the seafood industry is discussed. In the aquaculture industry water is a major source of carrying these microbes from one operation to another. Methods of preventing and cleaning/disinfecting to remove the biofilm, which possibly harbors pathogens, are discussed. Future areas of investigation include the improving of the effluent water system for ponds, filtration/disinfection steps for the recirculating systems and processing plant sanitization. C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Rajkowski, KT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM kathleen.rajkowski@ars.usda.gov NR 86 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-477-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 181 BP 499 EP 516 DI 10.1533/9781845697167.4.499 PG 18 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA BOC84 UT WOS:000276200100020 ER PT S AU Annous, BA Smith, JL Fratamico, PM Solomon, EB AF Annous, B. A. Smith, J. L. Fratamico, P. M. Solomon, E. B. BE Fratamico, PM Annous, BA Gunther, NW TI Biofilms in fresh fruit and vegetables SO BIOFILMS IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Escherichia coli O157:H7; Listeria monocytogenes; Salmonella enterica; Sigella; biofilm; pathogens; planktonic cells; produce ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; CONTAMINATED MANURE COMPOSTS; WATER SURFACE PASTEURIZATION; SCANNING LASER MICROSCOPY; GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLES; HOT-WATER; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; IRRIGATION WATER; UNITED-STATES AB Bacteria can attach to surfaces and form biofilms, which have a characteristic structure consisting of microcolonies enclosed in a hydrated matrix of microbially produced proteins and polysaccharides. In this complex biofilm network, the cells act less as individual entities and more as a collective living system, often with channels to deliver water and nutrients to the cells in the inner portion of the biofilm. Human pathogens form biofilms on food and food contact surfaces, which enhances their ability to survive harsh environments, to resist antimicrobial treatments, and to spread and persist in the food processing environment. The formation of biofilms is a food safety concern since persistent low-level contamination of foods can occur. C1 [Annous, B. A.; Smith, J. L.; Fratamico, P. M.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Solomon, E. B.] DuPont Chem Solut Enterprise, Expt Stn Lab, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. RP Annous, BA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM bassam.annous@ars.usda.gov; pina.fratamico@ars.usda.gov; Ethan.B.Solomon@usa.dupont.com NR 87 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-477-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 181 BP 517 EP 535 DI 10.1533/9781845697167.4.517 PG 19 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA BOC84 UT WOS:000276200100021 ER PT J AU Perez-Roa, RE Anderson, MA Rittschof, D Hunt, CG Noguera, DR AF Perez-Roa, Rodolfo E. Anderson, Marc A. Rittschof, Dan Hunt, Christopher G. Noguera, Daniel R. TI Involvement of reactive oxygen species in the electrochemical inhibition of barnacle (Amphibalanus amphitrite) settlement SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Article DE reactive oxygen species; pulsed electric fields; settlement; barnacles; antifouling coatings; interdigitated electrodes ID PULSED ELECTRIC-FIELDS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; PREVENTION; C-11-BODIPY581/591; INACTIVATION; DETACHMENT; OXIDATION; COATINGS; SEAWATER; BIOFILMS AB The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in electrochemical biofouling inhibition was investigated using a series of abiotic tests and settlement experiments with larvae of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite, a cosmopolitan fouler. Larval settlement, a measure of biofouling potential, was reduced from 43% +/- 14% to 5% +/- 6% upon the application of pulsed electric signals. The application of ROS scavengers such as glutathione and catalase counteracted the inhibitory effects of the electric signals, allowing settlement, and thus indicating that ROS are antifouling agents. Based on the experimental evidence, the proposed mechanism for ROS-based fouling prevention with interdigitated electrodes involved the electrochemical generation of hydrogen peroxide by oxygen reduction, and its likely reduction to hydroxyl radicals. Either hydroxyl radicals or products of hydroxyl radical reactions appeared to be the main deterrents of larval settlement. C1 [Perez-Roa, Rodolfo E.; Anderson, Marc A.; Noguera, Daniel R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Anderson, Marc A.; Noguera, Daniel R.] Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Rittschof, Dan] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. [Hunt, Christopher G.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Noguera, DR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM noguera@engr.wisc.edu RI Perez-Roa, Rodolfo/B-3876-2008; Perez-Roa, Rodolfo/G-2142-2012; Anderson, Marc/I-2437-2015 OI Perez-Roa, Rodolfo/0000-0003-0429-3544; Perez-Roa, Rodolfo/0000-0003-0429-3544; FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0014-03-1-0647] FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under contract no. N0014-03-1-0647. Fluorescent beads were developed under a grant by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy, grant DE-AI02-07ER64491 to CGH. The confocal imaging was performed at the Plant Imaging Center, Department of Botany, the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Barnacles and natural seawater were provided by Beatriz Orihuela (Duke University Marine Laboratory). NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PY 2009 VL 25 IS 6 BP 563 EP 571 DI 10.1080/08927010902995564 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 448RP UT WOS:000266280000004 PM 19449240 ER PT S AU Doran-Peterson, J Jangid, A Brandon, SK DeCrescenzo-Henriksen, E Dien, B Ingram, LO AF Doran-Peterson, Joy Jangid, Amruta Brandon, Sarah K. DeCrescenzo-Henriksen, Emily Dien, Bruce Ingram, Lonnie O. BE Mielenz, JR TI Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation and Partial Saccharification and Co-Fermentation of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Ethanol Production SO BIOFUELS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Saccharification; Fermentation; Lignocellulose; Pretreatment; GC ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FUEL ETHANOL; CONVERSION AB Ethanol production by fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass-derived Sugars involves a fairly ancient art and an ever-evolving science. Production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass is not avant-garde, and wood ethanol plants have been in existence since at least 1915. Most Current ethanol production relies on starch- and sugar-based crops as the substrate; however, limitations of these materials and competing value for human and animal feeds is renewing interest in lignocellulose conversion. Herein, we describe methods for both Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and a similar but separate process for partial saccharification and cofermentation (PSCF) of lignocellulosic biomass for ethanol production using yeasts or pentose-fermenting engineered bacteria. These methods arc applicable for small-scale preliminary evaluations of ethanol production from a variety of biomass sources. C1 [Doran-Peterson, Joy; Jangid, Amruta; Brandon, Sarah K.; DeCrescenzo-Henriksen, Emily] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Dien, Bruce] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Ingram, Lonnie O.] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Doran-Peterson, J (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 12 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-60761-213-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2009 VL 581 BP 263 EP 280 DI 10.1007/978-1-60761-214-8_17 PG 18 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Energy & Fuels SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Energy & Fuels GA BMH10 UT WOS:000272323600017 PM 19768628 ER PT J AU Swanston, C Smernik, R AF Swanston, Chris Smernik, Ron TI Preface SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Swanston, Chris] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI USA. [Smernik, Ron] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia. RP Swanston, C (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI USA. EM cswanston@fs.fed.us RI Smernik, Ron/H-9905-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JAN PY 2009 VL 92 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1007/s10533-008-9267-7 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 403WY UT WOS:000263113900001 ER PT J AU Crow, SE Filley, TR McCormick, M Szlavecz, K Stott, DE Gamblin, D Conyers, G AF Crow, Susan E. Filley, Timothy R. McCormick, Melissa Szlavecz, Katalin Stott, Diane E. Gamblin, David Conyers, Grace TI Earthworms, stand age, and species composition interact to influence particulate organic matter chemistry during forest succession SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Mechanisms of Organic Matter Stabilization and Destabilization in Soils and Sediments CY SEP 23-26, 2007 CL Glenelg, AUSTRALIA DE Cutin; Invasive earthworms; Lignin; Litter quality; Forest succession; Particulate organic matter; Suberin; Soil organic matter ID NORTHERN TEMPERATE FORESTS; COASTAL MARINE-ENVIRONMENT; CUO REACTION-PRODUCTS; OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; DECOMPOSITION PATTERN; CONIFER NEEDLES; HARDWOOD FOREST; SOIL CARBON; INVASION; LIGNIN AB The landscapes colonized by invasive earthworms in the eastern U.S. are often patchworks of forest stands in various stages of successional development. We established six field sites in tulip poplar dominated forests in the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center in Edgewater, MD, that span mid (50-70 years-three plots) and late (120-150 years-three plots) successional stages where younger sites had greater earthworm density and biomass than older sites and were dominated by non-native lumbricid species. In particular Lumbricus rubellus, a litter-feeding species, was abundant in mid successional forests. Here, we separated particulate organic matter (POM) from the bulk soil by a combination of size and density fractionation and found that patterns in soil POM chemistry were similar to those found previously during litter decay: in younger forests with high abundance of earthworms, organic carbon normalized cutin- and suberin-derived substituted fatty acid (SFA) concentration was lower and lignin-derived phenols greater than in older forests where earthworms were less abundant. The chemistry of the dominant litter from mid versus late successional tree species did not fully explain the differences in POM chemistry between age classes. Instead, the differences in leaf body versus petiole and leaf versus root chemistry were the dominant drivers of POM chemistry in mid versus late successional stands, although aspects of stand age and tree species also impacted POM chemistry. Our results indicate that preferential ingestion of leaf body tissue by earthworms and the subsequent shifts in sources of plant biopolymers in soil influenced POM chemistry in mid successional forests. These results indicate that invasive earthworm activity in North American forests contributes to a shift in the aromatic and aliphatic composition of POM and thus potentially influences carbon stabilization in soil. C1 [Crow, Susan E.] Queens Univ Belfast, CHRONO Ctr Climate Environm & Chronol, Belfast BT9 6AX, Antrim, North Ireland. [Crow, Susan E.; Filley, Timothy R.; Gamblin, David; Conyers, Grace] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [McCormick, Melissa] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Szlavecz, Katalin] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Stott, Diane E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Crow, SE (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, CHRONO Ctr Climate Environm & Chronol, 42 Fitzwilliam St, Belfast BT9 6AX, Antrim, North Ireland. EM s.crow@qub.ac.uk RI Filley, Timothy/A-9862-2009; Stott, Diane/A-1270-2010; yang, lixia/D-7815-2011; OI Stott, Diane/0000-0002-6397-3315; Szlavecz, Katalin/0000-0003-2504-0298 NR 59 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 44 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JAN PY 2009 VL 92 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 82 DI 10.1007/s10533-008-9260-1 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 403WY UT WOS:000263113900006 ER PT J AU Plante, AF Magrini-Bair, K Vigil, M Paul, EA AF Plante, Alain F. Magrini-Bair, Kim Vigil, Merle Paul, Eldor A. TI Pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry to characterize soil organic matter composition in chemically isolated fractions from differing land uses SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Mechanisms of Organic Matter Stabilization and Destabilization in Soils and Sediments CY SEP 23-26, 2007 CL Glenelg, AUSTRALIA DE Soil organic matter; Chemical fractionation; Humic acid; Pyrolysis; Mass spectrometry ID PARTICLE-SIZE FRACTIONS; LONG-TERM CULTIVATION; C-13 NMR-SPECTRA; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; ACID-HYDROLYSIS; CARBON POOLS; PRAIRIE SOILS; FOREST SOIL; WHOLE SOILS; ARABLE SOIL AB Today's questions concerning the role of soil organic matter (SOM) in soil fertility, ecosystem functioning and global change can only be addressed through knowledge of the controls on SOM stabilization and their interactions. Pyrolysis molecular beam mass spectrometry (py-MBMS) provides a powerful and rapid means of assessing the biochemical composition of SOM. However, characterization of SOM composition alone is insufficient to predict its dynamic behavior. Chemical fractionation is frequently used to isolate more homogeneous SOM components, but the composition of fractions is frequently unknown. We characterized biochemical SOM composition in two previously studied soils from the USA, under contrasting land uses: cultivated agriculture and native vegetation. Bulk soils, as well as chemically isolated SOM fractions (humic acid, humin and non-acid hydrolysable), were analyzed using py-MBMS. Principal components analysis (PCA) showed distinct differences in the SOM composition of isolated fractions. Py-MBMS spectra and PCA loadings were dominated by low molecular weight fragments associated with peptides and other N-containing compounds. The py-MBMS spectra were similar for native whole-soil samples under different vegetation, while cultivation increased heterogeneity. An approach based on previously published data on marker signals also suggests the importance of peptides in distinguishing samples. While the approach described here represents significant progress in the characterization of changing SOM composition, a truly quantitative analysis will only be achieved using multiple internal standards and by correcting for inorganic interference during py-MBMS analysis. Overall, we have provided proof of principle that py-MBMS can be a powerful tool to understand the controls on SOM dynamics, and further method development is underway. C1 [Plante, Alain F.] Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Magrini-Bair, Kim] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Vigil, Merle] ARS, USDA, Akron, CO 80720 USA. [Paul, Eldor A.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Plante, AF (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Hayden Hall,240 S 33rd St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM aplante@sas.upenn.edu RI Plante, Alain/C-3498-2008 OI Plante, Alain/0000-0003-0124-6187 NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JAN PY 2009 VL 92 IS 1-2 BP 145 EP 161 DI 10.1007/s10533-008-9218-3 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 403WY UT WOS:000263113900011 ER PT J AU Sulman, BN Desai, AR Cook, BD Saliendra, N Mackay, DS AF Sulman, B. N. Desai, A. R. Cook, B. D. Saliendra, N. Mackay, D. S. TI Contrasting carbon dioxide fluxes between a drying shrub wetland in Northern Wisconsin, USA, and nearby forests SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ECOSYSTEM CO2 EXCHANGE; GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; WATER-TABLE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; METHANE EMISSIONS; CLIMATIC-CHANGE; TUSSOCK TUNDRA; UPPER MIDWEST; PINE MIRES; OLD-GROWTH AB Wetland biogeochemistry is strongly influenced by water and temperature dynamics, and these interactions are currently poorly represented in ecosystem and climate models. A decline in water table of approximately 30 cm was observed at a wetland in Northern Wisconsin, USA over a period from 2001-2007, which was highly correlated with an increase in daily soil temperature variability. Eddy covariance measurements of carbon dioxide exchange were compared with measured CO2 fluxes at two nearby forests in order to distinguish wetland effects from regional trends. As wetland water table declined, both ecosystem respiration and ecosystem production increased by over 20% at the wetland, while forest CO2 fluxes had no significant trends. Net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide at the wetland was not correlated with water table, but wetland evapotranspiration decreased substantially as the water table declined. These results suggest that changes in hydrology may not have a large impact on shrub wetland carbon balance over inter-annual time scales due to opposing responses in both ecosystem respiration and productivity. C1 [Sulman, B. N.; Desai, A. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Cook, B. D.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Forest Resources, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Saliendra, N.] US Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI USA. [Mackay, D. S.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Sulman, BN (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM bnsulman@wisc.edu RI Mackay, Scott/J-7569-2012; Cook, Bruce/M-4828-2013; Desai, Ankur/A-5899-2008 OI Mackay, Scott/0000-0003-0477-9755; Cook, Bruce/0000-0002-8528-000X; Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041 NR 60 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 32 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2009 VL 6 IS 6 BP 1115 EP 1126 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 464XN UT WOS:000267543100012 ER PT J AU Williams, M Richardson, AD Reichstein, M Stoy, PC Peylin, P Verbeeck, H Carvalhais, N Jung, M Hollinger, DY Kattge, J Leuning, R Luo, Y Tomelleri, E Trudinger, CM Wang, YP AF Williams, M. Richardson, A. D. Reichstein, M. Stoy, P. C. Peylin, P. Verbeeck, H. Carvalhais, N. Jung, M. Hollinger, D. Y. Kattge, J. Leuning, R. Luo, Y. Tomelleri, E. Trudinger, C. M. Wang, Y. -P. TI Improving land surface models with FLUXNET data SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; TERRESTRIAL CARBON BALANCE; EDDY COVARIANCE TECHNIQUE; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION; DATA ASSIMILATION; WATER FLUXES; DUKE FOREST; CO2 FLUXES; ATMOSPHERE AB There is a growing consensus that land surface models (LSMs) that simulate terrestrial biosphere exchanges of matter and energy must be better constrained with data to quantify and address their uncertainties. FLUXNET, an international network of sites that measure the land surface exchanges of carbon, water and energy using the eddy covariance technique, is a prime source of data for model improvement. Here we outline a multi-stage process for 'fusing' (i.e. linking) LSMs with FLUXNET data to generate better models with quantifiable uncertainty. First, we describe FLUXNET data availability, and its random and systematic biases. We then introduce methods for assessing LSM model runs against FLUXNET observations in temporal and spatial domains. These assessments are a prelude to more formal model-data fusion (MDF). MDF links model to data, based on error weightings. In theory, MDF produces optimal analyses of the modelled system, but there are practical problems. We first discuss how to set model errors and initial conditions. In both cases incorrect assumptions will affect the outcome of the MDF. We then review the problem of equifinality, whereby multiple combinations of parameters can produce similar model output. Fusing multiple independent and orthogonal data provides a means to limit equifinality. We then show how parameter probability density functions (PDFs) from MDF can be used to interpret model validity, and to propagate errors into model outputs. Posterior parameter distributions are a useful way to assess the success of MDF, combined with a determination of whether model residuals are Gaussian. If the MDF scheme provides evidence for temporal variation in parameters, then that is indicative of a critical missing dynamic process. A comparison of parameter PDFs generated with the same model from multiple FLUXNET sites can provide insights into the concept and validity of plant functional types (PFT) - we would expect similar parameter estimates among sites sharing a single PFT. We conclude by identifying five major model-data fusion challenges for the FLUXNET and LSM communities: (1) to determine appropriate use of current data and to explore the information gained in using longer time series; (2) to avoid confounding effects of missing process representation on parameter estimation; (3) to assimilate more data types, including those from earth observation; (4) to fully quantify uncertainties arising from data bias, model structure, and initial conditions problems; and (5) to carefully test current model concepts (e.g. PFTs) and guide development of new concepts. C1 [Williams, M.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci & NERC, Ctr Terr Carbon Dynam, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Richardson, A. D.] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Reichstein, M.; Jung, M.; Kattge, J.; Tomelleri, E.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Jena, Germany. [Stoy, P. C.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Peylin, P.] LSCE, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Verbeeck, H.] Univ Ghent, Plant Ecol Lab, Ghent, Belgium. [Carvalhais, N.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Caparica, Portugal. [Hollinger, D. Y.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH USA. [Leuning, R.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Luo, Y.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Trudinger, C. M.; Wang, Y. -P.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Aspendale, Vic, Australia. RP Williams, M (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci & NERC, Ctr Terr Carbon Dynam, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. EM mat.williams@ed.ac.uk RI Stoy, Paul/D-3709-2011; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; wang, yp/A-9765-2011; Leuning, Ray/A-2793-2008; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Vuichard, Nicolas/A-6629-2011; Kattge, Jens/J-8283-2016; Trudinger, Cathy/A-2532-2008; Verbeeck, Hans/A-2106-2009; Reichstein, Markus/A-7494-2011; OI Stoy, Paul/0000-0002-6053-6232; Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Kattge, Jens/0000-0002-1022-8469; Trudinger, Cathy/0000-0002-4844-2153; Verbeeck, Hans/0000-0003-1490-0168; Reichstein, Markus/0000-0001-5736-1112; Carvalhais, Nuno/0000-0003-0465-1436; Williams, Mathew/0000-0001-6117-5208 FU CarbonFusion International Opportunities grant FX NERC funded part of this work through the CarbonFusion International Opportunities grant. We acknowledge the assistance received from M. Detto, G. Abramowitz and D. Santaren in the preparation of this manuscript. NR 90 TC 131 Z9 135 U1 6 U2 53 PU COPERNICUS PUBLICATIONS PI KATHLENBURG-LINDAU PA MAX-PLANCK-STR 13, KATHLENBURG-LINDAU, 37191, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2009 VL 6 IS 7 BP 1341 EP 1359 PG 19 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 478XX UT WOS:000268623200013 ER PT J AU Stoy, PC Richardson, AD Baldocchi, DD Katul, GG Stanovick, J Mahecha, MD Reichstein, M Detto, M Law, BE Wohlfahrt, G Arriga, N Campos, J McCaughey, JH Montagnani, L U, KTP Sevanto, S Williams, M AF Stoy, P. C. Richardson, A. D. Baldocchi, D. D. Katul, G. G. Stanovick, J. Mahecha, M. D. Reichstein, M. Detto, M. Law, B. E. Wohlfahrt, G. Arriga, N. Campos, J. McCaughey, J. H. Montagnani, L. U, K. T. Paw Sevanto, S. Williams, M. TI Biosphere-atmosphere exchange of CO2 in relation to climate: a cross-biome analysis across multiple time scales SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE; SOIL RESPIRATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; EUROPEAN FORESTS; WAVELET ANALYSIS; PINE FOREST; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; MODEL INTERCOMPARISONS; SPATIAL VARIABILITY AB The net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) varies at time scales from seconds to years and longer via the response of its components, gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (RE), to physical and biological drivers. Quantifying the relationship between flux and climate at multiple time scales is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the role of climate in the terrestrial carbon cycle. Orthonormal wavelet transformation (OWT) can quantify the strength of the interactions between gappy eddy covariance flux and micrometeorological measurements at multiple frequencies while expressing time series variance in few energetic wavelet coefficients, offering a low-dimensional view of the response of terrestrial carbon flux to climatic variability. The variability of NEE, GEP and RE, and their co-variability with dominant climatic drivers, are explored with nearly one thousand site-years of data from the FLUXNET global dataset consisting of 253 eddy covariance research sites. The NEE and GEP wavelet spectra were similar among plant functional types (PFT) at weekly and shorter time scales, but significant divergence appeared among PFT at the biweekly and longer time scales, at which NEE and GEP were relatively less variable than climate. The RE spectra rarely differed among PFT across time scales as expected. On average, RE spectra had greater low frequency (monthly to interannual) variability than NEE, GEP and climate. CANOAK ecosystem model simulations demonstrate that 'multi-annual' spectral peaks in flux may emerge at low (4+ years) time scales. Biological responses to climate and other internal system dynamics, rather than direct ecosystem response to climate, provide the likely explanation for observed multi-annual variability, but data records must be lengthened and measurements of ecosystem state must be made, and made available, to disentangle the mechanisms responsible for low frequency patterns in ecosystem CO2 exchange. C1 [Stoy, P. C.; Williams, M.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland. [Stoy, P. C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Richardson, A. D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Baldocchi, D. D.; Detto, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Katul, G. G.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Stanovick, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Mahecha, M. D.; Reichstein, M.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany. [Mahecha, M. D.] ETH, Dept Environm Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Law, B. E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Wohlfahrt, G.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Okol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Arriga, N.] Univ Tuscia, Dept Forest Sci & Environm, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [Campos, J.] INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [McCaughey, J. H.] Queens Univ, Dept Geog, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Montagnani, L.] Forest Serv & Agcy Environm, Bolzano, Italy. [Montagnani, L.] Univ Bolzano Bozen, Bolzano, Italy. [U, K. T. Paw] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sevanto, S.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RP Stoy, PC (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland. EM paul.stoy@ed.ac.uk RI Mahecha, Miguel/F-2443-2010; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Reichstein, Markus/A-7494-2011; Stoy, Paul/D-3709-2011; Katul, Gabriel/A-7210-2008; Wohlfahrt, Georg/D-2409-2009; Baldocchi, Dennis/A-1625-2009; Vuichard, Nicolas/A-6629-2011; Montagnani, Leonardo/F-1837-2016; OI Williams, Mathew/0000-0001-6117-5208; Mahecha, Miguel/0000-0003-3031-613X; Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Reichstein, Markus/0000-0001-5736-1112; Stoy, Paul/0000-0002-6053-6232; Katul, Gabriel/0000-0001-9768-3693; Wohlfahrt, Georg/0000-0003-3080-6702; Baldocchi, Dennis/0000-0003-3496-4919; Montagnani, Leonardo/0000-0003-2957-9071; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203 FU CarboEuropeIP; FAOGTOSTCO; iLEAPS; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry; National Science Foundation; University of Tuscia; U.S. Department of Energy; National Environmental Research Council (UK); Marie Curie European Incoming International Fellowship [237348, TSURF]; U.S. National Science Foundation RCN FLUXNET; Department of Energy Terrestrial Carbon Program (DOE/ TCP) [DE-FG02-04ER63911]; EU-FP6 FX We would first and foremost like to acknowledge the FLUXNET data providers, and the organizers of the FLUXNET database. This work is an outcome of the La Thuile FLUXNET workshop 2007, which would not have been possible without the financial support provided by CarboEuropeIP, FAOGTOSTCO, iLEAPS, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, National Science Foundation, University of Tuscia, and the U.S. Department of Energy. The Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Microsoft Research eScience, Oak Ridge National Laboratory provided databasing and technical support. The AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, LBA, NECC, OzFlux, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC networks provided data. PCS and ADR conceived of the study and wrote the manuscript with DDB, GGK, MDM, MR and coauthors. JS assisted with the statistical analyses. PCS acknowledges funding from the National Environmental Research Council (UK) and the Marie Curie European Incoming International Fellowship (project number 237348, TSURF). DDB is supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation RCN FLUXNET project and by the Department of Energy Terrestrial Carbon Program (DOE/ TCP). MR acknowledges support from the EU-FP6 project CIRCE. BEL is supported by the AmeriFlux Research grant supported by DOE/ TCP (DE-FG02-04ER63911). NR 95 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 3 U2 54 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2009 VL 6 IS 10 BP 2297 EP 2312 PG 16 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 513WN UT WOS:000271354900023 ER PT B AU Matukumalli, LK Schroeder, SG AF Matukumalli, Lakshmi K. Schroeder, Steven G. BE Edwards, D Stajich, J Hansen, D TI Sequence Based Gene Expression Analysis SO BIOINFORMATICS: TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HUMAN GENOME; HUMAN TRANSCRIPTOME; SERIAL ANALYSIS; MESSENGER-RNA; MPSS; IDENTIFICATION; ARABIDOPSIS; TAGS; SAGE; ALIGNMENT C1 [Matukumalli, Lakshmi K.] George Mason Univ, Dept Bioinformat & Computat Biol, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. [Schroeder, Steven G.] USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Matukumalli, LK (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Bioinformat & Computat Biol, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. EM lmatukum@gmu.edu; steven.schroeder@ars.usda.gov OI Schroeder, Steven/0000-0001-9103-5150 NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-92737-4 PY 2009 BP 191 EP 207 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-92738-1_9 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-92738-1 PG 17 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BMH82 UT WOS:000272399500009 ER PT J AU Douds, DD AF Douds, David D., Jr. TI Utilization of Inoculum Produced On-Farm for Production of AM Fungus Colonized Pepper and Tomato Seedlings Under Conventional Management SO BIOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE LA English DT Article ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; GLOMUS-INTRARADICES; ROOT EXUDATION; USE EFFICIENCY; PHOSPHORUS; INOCULATION; GROWTH; SOIL; INFECTION; YIELD AB Arbuscular mycorrhizal [AM] fungus inoculum may be used to produce colonized vegetable seedlings for outplanting. Success depends, in part, upon a nutrient regime in the greenhouse that is conducive to AM fungus hyphal growth and signalling/recognition events between host and fungus. Experiments were conducted to develop a fertilization regime conducive to colonization of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) and pepper (Capsicum annum L.) seedlings utilizing a mixed species inoculum of AM fungi produced on-farm in a compost and vermiculite mixture. The regulation of colonization by phosphorus nutrition in these crops was contrasted to that in bahiagrass (Paspalum notation Flugge). Bahiagrass had higher levels of colonization than tomato or pepper at all P levels tested (0.31 to 62 ppm). Colonization of the vegetable seedlings dropped to nearly zero at 31 ppm P and above while that of bahiagrass remained at approximately 20% of root length. However, colonization of pepper and tomato seedlings was above 10% of root length at the 0.31 and 3.1 ppm P additions. Another experiment with eight cultivars each of pepper and tomato demonstrated a significant cultivar effect upon colonization of roots by AM fungi. Plants were satisfactorily colonized when grown for 4 weeks in horticultural potting media amended 1:9 or 1:19 (v/v, on-farm inoculum:media) and fertilized with a solution containing 0.31 ppm P. C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Douds, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM david.douds@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-CSREES [LNE03-179] FX The technical assistance of S. Campbell and J. Lee is much appreciated. This work was conducted in part with support from a grant from the USDA-CSREES Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education program (LNE03-179). NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 13 PU A B ACADEMIC PUBL PI BICESTER PA OLD VICARAGE, CHURCH ST, BICESTER OX26 6A4, ENGLAND SN 0144-8765 J9 BIOL AGRIC HORTIC JI Biol. Agric. Hortic. PY 2009 VL 26 IS 4 BP 353 EP 364 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 597ST UT WOS:000277782300003 ER PT J AU Tipping, PW Martin, MR Nimmo, KR Pierce, RM Smart, MD White, E Madeira, PT Center, TD AF Tipping, Philip W. Martin, Melissa R. Nimmo, Kayla R. Pierce, Ryan M. Smart, Matthew D. White, Emily Madeira, Paul T. Center, Ted D. TI Invasion of a West Everglades wetland by Melaleuca quinquenervia countered by classical biological control SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Weed biological control; Melaleuca; Florida Everglades; Community level impacts ID OXYOPS-VITIOSA COLEOPTERA; ENEMY RELEASE HYPOTHESIS; CONTROL AGENT; SOUTH FLORIDA; FIELD COLONIZATION; AUSTRALIAN WEEVIL; CAV. BLAKE,S.T.; HOST-RANGE; ACEPHATE; PLANT AB The population dynamics of Melaleuca quinquenervia were monitored over a 5-year period in a cypresspine wetland while subjected to two levels of herbivory. The trees had been recruited during 1998-1999 after a destructive crown fire. Half of 26 experimental plots were sprayed every 4-6 weeks with an insecticide to reduce herbivory by the biological control agents Oxyops vitiosa and Boreioglycaspis melaleucae. After only 1-year melaleuca density increased by 26% in sprayed plots and by 7% in unsprayed plots. However, over the entire 5-year period melaleuca density increased in sprayed plots by 0.1% while decreasing by 47.9% in unsprayed plots when compared to initial densities. Annual mortality of melaleuca never exceeded 6% in any year in sprayed plots but ranged from 11% to 25% in unsprayed plots. There was a significant year by treatment interaction indicating the importance of the environment on tree mortality. Limited seed production occurred on sprayed trees but never on unsprayed trees. Mean tree height increased by 19.6% in sprayed plots while declining by 30.6% in unsprayed plots. Coverage by native vegetation did not increase with decreasing melaleuca density. This is the first study with controls that quantifies the population level regulation of melaleuca by introduced biological control agents and corroborates other correlative studies that documented significant changes in melaleuca communities after the introduction and establishment of biological control agents. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Tipping, Philip W.; Nimmo, Kayla R.; Pierce, Ryan M.; Madeira, Paul T.; Center, Ted D.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Martin, Melissa R.] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL USA. [Smart, Matthew D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [White, Emily] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Tipping, PW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3205 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM philip.tipping@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2009 VL 48 IS 1 BP 73 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.08.018 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 382VQ UT WOS:000261633900011 ER PT B AU Markin, GP AF Markin, George P. BE Muniappan, R Reddy, GVP Raman, A TI Passiflora mollissima (HBK) Bailey (Passifloraceae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF TROPICAL WEEDS USING ARTHROPODS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SEPTORIA LEAF-SPOT; BANANA POKA; HAWAII; BIOLOGY; VINE C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Markin, GP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87791-6 PY 2009 BP 319 EP 331 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511576348.016 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511576348 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BDP40 UT WOS:000314304200016 ER PT J AU Neuenschwander, P Julien, MH Center, TD Hill, MP AF Neuenschwander, Peter Julien, Mic H. Center, Ted D. Hill, Martin P. BE Muniappan, R Reddy, GVP Raman, A TI Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF TROPICAL WEEDS USING ARTHROPODS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NEOHYDRONOMUS-AFFINIS COLEOPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; WATER LETTUCE; AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; EICHHORNIA-CRASSIPES; HOST-SPECIFICITY; PECTINICORNIS LEPIDOPTERA; SPODOPTERA-PECTINICORNIS; SALVINIA-MOLESTA; UNITED-STATES C1 [Neuenschwander, Peter] IITA, Cotonou, Benin. [Julien, Mic H.] CSIRO Entomol European Lab, F-34980 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Center, Ted D.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Hill, Martin P.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. RP Neuenschwander, P (reprint author), IITA, 08 BP 0932, Cotonou, Benin. NR 73 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87791-6 PY 2009 BP 332 EP 352 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511576348.017 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511576348 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BDP40 UT WOS:000314304200017 ER PT J AU Julien, MH Hill, MP Tipping, PW AF Julien, Mic H. Hill, Martin P. Tipping, Philip W. BE Muniappan, R Reddy, GVP Raman, A TI Salvinia molesta D. S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF TROPICAL WEEDS USING ARTHROPODS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FLOATING WEED SALVINIA; MULTIPLICALIS GUENEE LEPIDOPTERA; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SAMEA-MULTIPLICALIS; CYRTOBAGOUS-SALVINIAE; WATER-FERN; EICHHORNIA-CRASSIPES; HUSTACHE COLEOPTERA; AURICULATA COMPLEX C1 [Julien, Mic H.] CSIRO Entomol European Lab, F-34980 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Hill, Martin P.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Tipping, Philip W.] ARS, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Julien, MH (reprint author), CSIRO Entomol European Lab, Campus Int Baillarguet, F-34980 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. NR 104 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87791-6 PY 2009 BP 378 EP 407 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511576348.019 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511576348 PG 30 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BDP40 UT WOS:000314304200019 ER PT J AU Rossman, A AF Rossman, Amy Y. TI The impact of invasive fungi on agricultural ecosystems in the United States SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Black stem rust; Karnal bunt; Non-indigenous pathogens; Plant pathogens ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; IRISH POTATO FAMINE; CAUSAL AGENT; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; UROMYCES-TRANSVERSALIS; GLADIOLUS RUST; 1ST REPORT; PUCCINIA-HEMEROCALLIDIS; PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI; KARNAL BUNT AB Invasive fungi and other non-indigenous plant pathogens have had a significant effect on American agriculture for hundreds of years. At present crop loss due to invasive plant pathogens, especially fungi, is estimated at $21 billion per year in the United States, greater than the loss caused by non-indigenous insects. Plant pathogenic fungi are difficult to detect and identify. Thus knowledge of which fungi pose a threat is essential to prevent their entry by means others than inspection. In this paper, examples are presented of invasive fungi on agricultural commodities introduced into the United States. In all cases two factors have been crucial: first, the pathway through which these fungi have entered, and second, systematic knowledge to prevent and respond to the new invasive species. Historically important plant pathogens such as black stem rust of wheat still cause considerable damage while others such as late blight of potato appear to be having a resurgence. Known previously in Australia, then moving to Africa and South America, the virulent species of soybean rust appeared in the U.S. in 2004 but has not been as devastating as anticipated. Plant pathogenic fungi on specialty crops such as daylily, gladiola and chrysanthemum are threatened by rust fungi recently found in the U.S. apparently brought in on infected germplasm. A crisis in the export of U.S. wheat occurred in the late 1990's when the molecular diagnostic test for Karnal bunt gave a false positive response to a closely related but previously unknown species. Many potentially dangerous plant pathogens of crop plants have not yet been introduced into the U.S. It is critical that meticulous surveillance be conducted as plant material enters the country as well as where crops are grown prior to shipment. In addition, the scientific infrastructure is needed to be able to respond quickly to new invasive fungi. This requires sound systematic knowledge of plant pathogenic fungi both in the U.S. and around the world and a cadre of systematic experts who can characterize invasive fungi. C1 ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rossman, A (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Rm 304,B011A,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Amy.Rossman@ars.usda.gov RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 50 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JAN PY 2009 VL 11 IS 1 BP 97 EP 107 DI 10.1007/s10530-008-9322-2 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 378NS UT WOS:000261329100007 ER PT J AU Blomberg, LA Schreier, L Li, R AF Blomberg, Le Ann Schreier, Lori Li, Robert TI Characteristics of Peri-Implantation Porcine Concepti Population Influence Transcriptome Profile. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 18-22, 2009 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP Soc Study Reproduct, David L Lawrence Convent Ctr C1 [Blomberg, Le Ann; Schreier, Lori; Li, Robert] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2009 SU S MA 41 BP 57 EP 57 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 543UY UT WOS:000273605500041 ER PT J AU Perry, GA Perry, BL Cushman, RA AF Perry, George A. Perry, Brandi L. Cushman, Robert A. TI Association Between Pre-Ovulatory Concentrations of Estradiol and Expression of Uterine Milk Protein Precursor, Inhibin Beta A, Period 1, Proenkephalin, and Receptors for Oxytocin, Progesterone, and Estradiol SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 18-22, 2009 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP Soc Study Reproduct, David L Lawrence Convent Ctr C1 S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2009 SU S MA 308 BP 117 EP 117 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 543UY UT WOS:000273605500296 ER PT J AU Cushman, RA Echternkamp, SE AF Cushman, Robert A. Echternkamp, Sherrill E. TI Influence of Reproductive Aging of the Cow on Luteal Function and Period 1 mRNA Expression. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 18-22, 2009 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP Soc Study Reproduct, David L Lawrence Convent Ctr C1 [Cushman, Robert A.; Echternkamp, Sherrill E.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2009 SU S MA 478 BP 156 EP 156 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 543UY UT WOS:000273605500456 ER PT J AU Atkins, JA Smith, MF MacNeal, MD Geary, TW AF Atkins, Jacqueline A. Smith, Michael F. MacNeal, Michael D. Geary, Thomas W. TI Determinants of Embryo Development and Quality in Beef Cattle Effect of Pre-Ovulatory Follicle Size, CL Volume, and Serum Concentrations of Progesterone. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 18-22, 2009 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP Soc Study Reproduct, David L Lawrence Convent Ctr C1 Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2009 SU S MA 505 BP 162 EP 162 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 543UY UT WOS:000273605500482 ER PT J AU Sage, RF Coiner, HA Way, DA Runion, GB Prior, SA Torbert, HA Sicher, R Ziska, L AF Sage, Rowan F. Coiner, Heather A. Way, Danielle A. Runion, G. Brett Prior, Stephen A. Torbert, H. Allen Sicher, Richard Ziska, Lewis TI Kudzu [Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. Variety lobata]: A new source of carbohydrate for bioethanol production SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Bioethanol; Biofuel; Invasive species; Renewable energy; Starch ID THERMODYNAMICS; ETHANOL AB We determined the amount of standing biomass of kudzu (Pueraria Montana var lobata) in naturally infested fields in Maryland and Alabama, USA. At each site, we evaluated the carbohydrate content of roots, stems, and leaves. For a third site from Georgia, we evaluated the carbohydrate content of kudzu roots of varying diameters. Belowground biomass in Alabama exceeded 13 t ha(-1), and contained an average of 37% fermentable carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose, and starch). Roots from Georgia of all size classes contained over 60% fermentable carbohydrates. Biomass and carbohydrate levels in roots from Maryland were low compared to plants growing in Alabama and Georgia, producing 5 tha(-1) of roots with 20% non-structural carbohydrate. Stems from Alabama and Maryland contained 1-3% carbohydrates. Based on the yield and carbohydrate content, we estimate wild kudzu stands in Alabama and Georgia could produce 5-10 tha(-1) of carbohydrate, which would rival carbohydrate production from maize and sugar cane fields. if economical harvesting and processing techniques could be developed, the kudzu infesting North America has the potential to supplement existing bioethanol feedstocks, which could be of significance to the rural economy of the southeastern USA. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sage, Rowan F.; Coiner, Heather A.; Way, Danielle A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada. [Runion, G. Brett; Prior, Stephen A.; Torbert, H. Allen] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Sicher, Richard; Ziska, Lewis] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sage, RF (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 25 Willcocks St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada. EM r.sage@utoronto.ca FU NSERC FX This research was supported by an NSERC Discovery grant to RFS. The authors thank Jerry Carrington, Barry Dorman, Kate George and Heidi Finegan for technical assistance and Jessamyn Manson for field assistance. NR 23 TC 21 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 33 IS 1 BP 57 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.04.011 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 398PE UT WOS:000262743200008 ER PT J AU Zalesny, RS Wiese, AH Bauer, EO Riemenschneider, DE AF Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr. Wiese, Adam H. Bauer, Edmund O. Riemenschneider, Donald E. TI Ex situ growth and biomass of Populus bioenergy crops irrigated and fertilized with landfill leachate SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Populus deltoides; P. nigra; P. maximowiczii; Hybrid poplar; Phytoremediation; Sustainable intensive forestry; Clonal selection ID SHORT-ROTATION; HYBRID POPLAR; DELTOIDES; COTTONWOOD; CLONES; ALLOCATION; PHYSIOLOGY; SELECTION; CUTTINGS; CARBON AB Merging traditional intensive forestry with waste management offers dual goals of fiber and bioenergy production, along with environmental benefits such as soil/water remediation and carbon sequestration. As part of an ongoing effort to acquire data about initial genotypic performance, we evaluated: (1) the early aboveground growth of trees belonging to currently utilized Populus genotypes subjected to irrigation with municipal solid waste landfill leachate or non-fertilized well water (control), and (2) the above- and below-ground biomass of the trees after 70 days of growth. We determined height, diameter, and number of leaves at 28, 42, 56, and 70 days after planting (DAP), along with stem, leaf, and root dry mass by testing six Populus clones (DN34, DN5, 14551, NC14104, NM2, NM6) grown in a greenhouse in a split-split plot, repeated measures design with two blocks, two treatments (whole-plots), six clones (sub-plots), and four sampling dates (sub-sub-plots, repeated measure). Treatments (leachate, water) were applied every other day beginning 42 DAP. The leachate-treated trees exhibited greater height, diameter, and number of leaves at 56 and 70 DAP (P<0.05). There was broad variation in clonal responses to leachate treatment for dry mass, with a general trend of leachate-treated trees exhibiting greater stem and leaf dry mass (P<0.05), but negligible differences for root dry mass (P>0.05). Overall, genotypic responses to the leachate treatment were clone-specific for all traits. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr.; Wiese, Adam H.; Bauer, Edmund O.; Riemenschneider, Donald E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Zalesny, RS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. EM rzalesny@fs.fed.us NR 32 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 33 IS 1 BP 62 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.04.012 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 398PE UT WOS:000262743200009 ER PT B AU Nachman, RJ AF Nachman, Ronald J. BE Ishaaya, I Horowitz, AR TI Agonists/Antagonists of the Insect Kinin and Pyrokinin/PBAN Neuropeptide Classes as Tools for Rational Pest Control SO BIORATIONAL CONTROL OF ARTHROPOD PESTS: APPLICATION AND RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BIOSYNTHESIS ACTIVATING NEUROPEPTIDE; TICK BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; CIS-PEPTIDE BOND; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME; SEX-PHEROMONE PRODUCTION; IDENTIFIES OPTIMAL STEREOCHEMISTRY; SARCOPHAGA-BULLATA LARVAE; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; MOSQUITO AEDES-AEGYPTI; HELICOVERPA-ZEA C1 USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Nachman, RJ (reprint author), USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F-B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM nachman@tamu.edu NR 94 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-90-481-2315-5 PY 2009 BP 21 EP 48 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2316-2_2 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-2316-2 PG 28 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA BLG96 UT WOS:000270149300002 ER PT S AU Wilson, WC Mecham, JO Schmidtmann, E Sanchez, CJ Herrero, M Lager, I AF Wilson, William C. Mecham, James O. Schmidtmann, Edward Jimenez Sanchez, Carlos Herrero, Marco Lager, Irene BE Mellor, PS Baylis, M Mertens, PPC TI Current status of bluetongue virus in the Americas SO BLUETONGUE SE Biology of Animal Infections LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CULICOIDES-VARIIPENNIS DIPTERA; EPIZOOTIC HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE; WHITE-TAILED DEER; NEW-YORK-STATE; UNITED-STATES; SONORENSIS DIPTERA; SOUTH-AMERICA; SEROLOGICAL SURVEY; VECTOR-COMPETENCE; COMPLEX DIPTERA C1 [Wilson, William C.; Mecham, James O.; Schmidtmann, Edward] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Jimenez Sanchez, Carlos; Herrero, Marco] Escuela Med Vet, Heredia 863000, Costa Rica. [Lager, Irene] INTA Castelar Hurlingham, Inst Virol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Wilson, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. NR 161 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1572-4271 BN 978-0-08-091897-6 J9 BIOL ANIM INFECT PY 2009 BP 197 EP 221 DI 10.1016/B978-012369368-6.50013-7 PG 25 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA BGE44 UT WOS:000322549300011 ER PT J AU Arnaoudova, EG Bowens, PJ Chui, RG Dinkins, RD Hesse, U Jaromczyk, JW Martin, M Maynard, P Moore, N Schardl, CL AF Arnaoudova, Elissaveta G. Bowens, Philip J. Chui, Roger G. Dinkins, Randy D. Hesse, Uljana Jaromczyk, Jerzy W. Martin, Mitchell Maynard, Paul Moore, Neil Schardl, Chris L. TI Visualizing and sharing results in bioinformatics projects: GBrowse and GenBank exports SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 8th Annual UT-ORNL-KBRIN Bioinformatics Summit CY MAR 20-22, 2009 CL Pikeville, TN SP Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Kentucky Biomed Res Infrastruct Network C1 [Arnaoudova, Elissaveta G.; Bowens, Philip J.; Chui, Roger G.; Jaromczyk, Jerzy W.; Martin, Mitchell; Maynard, Paul; Moore, Neil] Univ Kentucky, Dept Comp Sci, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Dinkins, Randy D.] ARS, USDA, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Hesse, Uljana; Schardl, Chris L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM jurek@cs.uky.edu NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PY 2009 VL 10 AR A4 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-10-S7-A4 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 464RP UT WOS:000267524000006 ER PT J AU Glatzel, G Geils, BW AF Glatzel, G. Geils, B. W. TI Mistletoe ecophysiology: host-parasite interactions SO BOTANY-BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd World Congress of the International-Union-of-Forestry-Research-Organization CY 2005 CL Brisbane, AUSTRALIA SP Int Union Forestry Res Org DE water relations; mineral nutrition; host-parasite interaction ID VAGINATUM SUBSP CRYPTOPODUM; ARCEUTHOBIUM-VAGINATUM; STOMATAL CLOSURE; WATER; PLANT AB Mistletoes are highly specialized perennial flowering plants adapted to parasitic life on aerial parts of their hosts. In our discussion on the physiological interactions between parasite and host, we focus on water relations, mineral nutrition, and the effect of host vigour. When host photosynthesis is greatest, the xylem water potential of the host is most negative. To maintain a flux gradient and avoid stomatal closure and wilting, the mistletoe must tolerate a more negative water potential than the host. Succulent leaves enhance water storage and allow mistletoes to rehydrate before their hosts rehydrate. Mistletoe infections may disrupt the host stomatal control system, causing early and oscillating closure of host stomata, thereby diminishing host photosynthetic gain. Mistletoes lack the active uptake of minerals of a typical plant root system and rely upon the haustorium to connect with the host for the essentially one-way flow of photosynthates and nutrients from host to parasite. Modest growth rates, tolerance, succulence, and rapid leaf turnover are some means by which mistletoes avoid mineral deficiency or excess. We propose high concentrations of some mobile elements in the mistletoe by comparison with the host result not from active uptake, but from the inevitable accumulation by a parasite that utilizes host phloem sap. The relationship between host condition and mistletoe performance varies by situation and over time. In some cases, the host can outgrow the mistletoe, but favorable host status can also accelerate mistletoe growth. A better understanding of the mistletoe-host interaction can be utilized in improved management of infested forest plantations for resource production as well as for conservation of biodiversity and endangered species. C1 [Geils, B. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Glatzel, G.] UNI BOKU Vienna, Inst Forest Ecol, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. RP Geils, BW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, SW Forest Sci Complex,2500 S Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM bgeils@fs.fed.us NR 31 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 32 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 1916-2790 J9 BOTANY JI Botany PD JAN PY 2009 VL 87 IS 1 BP 10 EP 15 DI 10.1139/B08-096 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 397PC UT WOS:000262673600003 ER PT J AU Ostry, ME Laflamme, G AF Ostry, M. E. Laflamme, G. TI Fungi and diseases - natural components of healthy forests SO BOTANY-BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd World Congress of the International-Union-of-Forestry-Research-Organization CY 2005 CL Brisbane, AUSTRALIA SP Int Union Forestry Res Org DE forest succession; wildlife habitat; forest diversity; forest management; forest health; tree health ID TREE DEATH; PATHOGENS; COMMUNITIES; ECOSYSTEMS; DIVERSITY AB Forest health is described and perceived in different ways by the general public, land owners, managers, politicians, and scientists, depending on their values and objectives. Native tree pathogens and diseases are often associated with negative impacts even though damage is limited or not widespread. Too often, the concepts of tree health and forest health are used interchangeably and are not related to scale. Similar to fire, occurrences of disease outbreaks focus on the negative effects. However, native pathogens often exist in equilibrium with natural forest communities so their critical ecological roles are not easily discernible. Examined holistically, native fungi and diseases, dead and dying trees, and the many complex ecological interactions among them provide valuable benefits that ultimately contribute to sustainable, healthy forest ecosystems. C1 [Ostry, M. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Laflamme, G.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Laurentian Forestry Ctr, Ste Foy, PQ G1V 4C7, Canada. RP Ostry, ME (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1561 Lindig Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mostry@fs.fed.us NR 33 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 1916-2790 J9 BOTANY JI Botany PD JAN PY 2009 VL 87 IS 1 BP 22 EP 25 DI 10.1139/B08-090 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 397PC UT WOS:000262673600005 ER PT J AU Pesti, GM Vedenov, D Cason, JA Billard, L AF Pesti, G. M. Vedenov, D. Cason, J. A. Billard, L. TI A comparison of methods to estimate nutritional requirements from experimental data SO BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-COMPARISON PROCEDURES; AMINO-ACID; ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS; ANIMAL-EXPERIMENTS; CHICKS; MISUSE; MODEL AB 1. Research papers use a variety of methods for evaluating experiments designed to determine nutritional requirements of poultry. Growth trials result in a set of ordered pairs of data. Often, point-by-point comparisons are made between treatments using analysis of variance. This approach ignores that response variables (body weight, feed efficiency, bone ash, etc.) are continuous rather than discrete. Point-by-point analyses harvest much less than the total amount of information from the data. Regression models are more effective at gleaning information from data, but the concept of requirements is poorly defined by many regression models. 2. Response data from a study of the lysine requirements of young broilers was used to compare methods of determining requirements. In this study, multiple range tests were compared with quadratic polynomials (QP), broken line models with linear (BLL) or quadratic (BLQ) ascending portions, the saturation kinetics model (SK) a logistic model (LM) and a compartmental (CM) model. 3. The sum of total residuals squared was used to compare the models. The SK and LM were the best fit models, followed by the CM, BLL, BLQ, and QP models. A plot of the residuals versus nutrient intake showed clearly that the BLQ and SK models fitted the data best in the important region where the ascending portion meets the plateau. 4. The BLQ model clearly defines the technical concept of nutritional requirements as typically defined by nutritionists. However, the SK, LM and CM models better depict the relationship typically defined by economists as the law of diminishing marginal productivity. The SK model was used to demonstrate how the law of diminishing marginal productivity can be applied to poultry nutrition, and how the most economical feeding level may replace the concept of requirements. C1 [Pesti, G. M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Vedenov, D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Billard, L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Stat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cason, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. RP Pesti, GM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM gpesti@uga.edu NR 49 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1668 EI 1466-1799 J9 BRIT POULTRY SCI JI Br. Poult. Sci. PY 2009 VL 50 IS 1 BP 16 EP 32 AR PII 908837525 DI 10.1080/00071660802530639 PG 17 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 410CN UT WOS:000263553800005 PM 19234926 ER PT J AU Higbee, BS Siegel, JR AF Higbee, Bradley S. Siegel, Joel R. TI New navel orangeworm sanitation standards could reduce almond damage SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article AB The navel orangeworm (NOW), a primary pest of almonds and pistachios in California, is controlled in part by sanitation, with a current threshold of two mummy nuts or fewer per tree. However, almond and pistachio acreage has increased dramatically since the tree mummy threshold was established This study addresses the impact of this expansion and the possible need for a more stringent standard. Beginning in 2002, the Paramount Farming Company conducted a series of large-scale studies reevaluating the current tree mummy threshold in almond orchards, as well as the impact of ground mummies and proximity to pistachio orchards. The data supports a more stringent threshold of 0.2 mummies per tree. In addition, a new threshold for ground mummies of four per tree for 'Non-pareil' almonds is supported in Kern County, although this needs to be validated in other regions. Proximity to pistachios was an important risk factor for navel orangeworm damage of 2% or less in almonds. Likewise, the influence of pistachios extended 3 miles from the center of the 10-acre almond orchard sections in our experiments to the margin of the nearest pistachio orchard. C1 [Higbee, Bradley S.] Paramt Farming Co, Bakersfield, CA USA. [Siegel, Joel R.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Center, Parlier, CA USA. RP Higbee, BS (reprint author), Paramt Farming Co, Bakersfield, CA USA. NR 13 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI OAKLAND PA 1111 FRANKLIN ST, 6TH FLOOR, OAKLAND, CA 94607-5200 USA SN 0008-0845 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 63 IS 1 BP 24 EP 28 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 391HU UT WOS:000262225200007 ER PT J AU Stapleton, JJ Banuelos, GS AF Stapleton, James J. Banuelos, Gary S. TI Biomass crops can be used for biological disinfestation and remediation of soils and water SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID SELENIUM-LADEN EFFLUENT; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; PLANT RESIDUES; BROCCOLI; PHYTOREMEDIATION; TEMPERATURE; IRRIGATION; ROTATION; DRAINAGE; TISSUES AB Many plants that are candidates for refining into biofuels also possess qualities that make them potentially useful for managing soilborne pests, reclaiming polluted soils, supplementing animal feed and other purposes. Phytoremediation with these plants may provide a practical and economical method for managing the movement of trace elements into water tables, surface- and tail-water runoff, and drainage effluent. Mustards (Brassicaceae) are of particular interest for biodiesel, and grasses (Gramineae) for bioethanol production. These plants, as well as others such as certain members of the onion family (Alliaceae), also possess properties that could make them effective natural biofumigants for soil. Some of these crops have high allelopathic activity and must be employed carefully in rotations to avoid damaging subsequent crops. C1 [Stapleton, James J.] UC Kearney Agr Ctr, UC Statewide IPM Program, Nat Resources Program, Parlier, CA USA. [Banuelos, Gary S.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. RP Stapleton, JJ (reprint author), UC Kearney Agr Ctr, UC Statewide IPM Program, Nat Resources Program, Parlier, CA USA. OI Stapleton, James/0000-0002-3571-1115 NR 32 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 12 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI OAKLAND PA 1111 FRANKLIN ST, 6TH FLOOR, OAKLAND, CA 94607-5200 USA SN 0008-0845 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 63 IS 1 BP 41 EP 46 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 391HU UT WOS:000262225200010 ER PT J AU Pincetl, S AF Pincetl, Stephanie TI A REVOLUTION DOWN ON THE FARM: THE TRANSFORMATION OF AMERICAN AGRICULTURE SINCE 1929 SO CALIFORNIA HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Pincetl, Stephanie] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Pincetl, Stephanie] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Pincetl, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 678 MISSION ST, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94105-4014 USA SN 0162-2897 J9 CALIF HIST JI Calif. Hist. PY 2009 VL 86 IS 3 BP 75 EP 76 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 462NV UT WOS:000267362000010 ER PT J AU Gries, R Schaefer, PW Nakamura, K Gries, G AF Gries, Regine Schaefer, Paul W. Nakamura, Katsunori Gries, Gerhard TI Lymantria dispar sex pheromone is a behavioral antagonist to pheromonal attraction of male Lymantria mathura SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID MOTH LEPIDOPTERA-LYMANTRIIDAE; GYPSY-MOTH; IDENTIFICATION; ENANTIOMERS; COMPONENTS AB In a trapping Study conducted in the experimental research forest of the Tohoku Research Center, Morioka, Honshu, Japan, we investigated the effect of heterospecific pheromone oil pheromonal attraction of male Japanese gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar japanica (Motschulsky), and male pink gypsy moth, L. mathura Moore (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Lymantriinae). Traps baited with synthetic pheromone of L. d. japonica ((7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane = (+)-disparlure (100 mu g)) or L. mathura ((9R, 10S, 3Z, 6Z)-cis-9, 10-epoxynonadecadiene = (+)mathuralure (20 mu g) and (9R, 10S, 3Z, 6Z)-cis-9, 10-epoxynonadecadiene = (-)-mathuralure (80 mu g)) attracted male L. d. japonica or L. mathura, respectively. Traps baited with synthetic pheromone of both species captured significantly fewer male L. mathura than traps baited solely with synthetic L. mathura pheromone. Numbers of male L. d. japonica Captured in traps baited with (+)-disparlure were unaffected by the addition of L. mathura pheromone. (+)-Disparlure is a behavioral antagonist to pheromonal attraction of male L. mathura, whereas male L. d. japonica are indifferent to the presence of synthetic L. mathura pheromone. C1 [Gries, Regine; Gries, Gerhard] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Schaefer, Paul W.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Nakamura, Katsunori] Tohoku Res Ctr, Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Shimo Kuriyagawa, Morioka Iwate 0200123, Japan. RP Gries, R (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. EM gries@sfu.ca NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 8 PU ENTOMOL SOC CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 393 WINSTON AVE, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K2A 1Y8, CANADA SN 0008-347X J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 141 IS 1 BP 53 EP 55 DI 10.4039/n08-069 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 420CZ UT WOS:000264267300004 ER PT J AU Kelsey, RG Forsman, ED Swingle, JK AF Kelsey, Rick G. Forsman, Eric D. Swingle, James K. TI Terpenoid Resin Distribution in Conifer Needles with Implications for Red Tree Vole, Arborimus longicaudus, Foraging SO CANADIAN FIELD-NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE Red Tree Vole; Arborimus longicaudus; terpenoid resins; resin ducts; plant-herbivore interactions; Oregon ID PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES; PIPERIDINE ALKALOIDS; PONDEROSA PINE; SPRUCE; SPECIALIST; HERBIVORES AB Tree voles are dietary specialists, feeding almost exclusively on conifer needles and bark. They reduce their exposure to conifer chemical defenses by physically removing resin ducts from many needles before ingesting the remaining tissue. The portion of needle removed differs among tree species, depending on the location of the resin ducts. To evaluate the amount of resin avoided by this behavior we removed the resin ducts from Douglas-fir, Western Hemlock, and Sitka Spruce needles and used gas chromatography to compare volatile resin concentrations in needles with and without the resin ducts removed. Needle tissues without resin ducts contained no terpenoid resin, demonstrating that tree voles can regulate the nutritional quality of their diet by controlling the amount of resin ingested. We suggest that differences in the physical structure (and possibly chemical composition of terpenes) of the needles make it difficult for voles to easily switch between tree hosts. C1 [Kelsey, Rick G.; Forsman, Eric D.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Swingle, James K.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kelsey, RG (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station FX Funding and in-kind support for this study was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. For care and handling of captive voles we followed the guidelines approved by the American Society of Mammalogists (http://www.mammalogy.org/committees/index.asp). We thank E. Gerson for reviewing an earlier version of this paper. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU OTTAWA FIELD-NATURALISTS CLUB PI OTTAWA PA PO BOX 35069, WESTGATE PO, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1Z 1A2, CANADA SN 0008-3550 J9 CAN FIELD NAT JI Can. Field-Nat. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 123 IS 1 BP 12 EP 18 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 617QN UT WOS:000279296000003 ER PT J AU Church, MR Ebersole, JL Rensmeyer, KM Couture, RB Barrows, FT Noakes, DLG AF Church, M. Robbins Ebersole, Joseph L. Rensmeyer, Kirk M. Couture, Ryan B. Barrows, Frederic T. Noakes, David L. G. TI Mucus: a new tissue fraction for rapid determination of fish diet switching using stable isotope analysis SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN; CARBON; EARTHWORMS; SULFUR; RATIOS AB Stable isotope analysis of diet switching by fishes often is hampered by slow turnover rates of the tissues analyzed (usually muscle or fins). We examined epidermal mucus as a potentially faster turnover "tissue'' that might provide a more rapid assessment of diet switching. In a controlled hatchery experiment, we switched the diet of juvenile steel-head (sea-run rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss) from a plant-based feed with low delta(13)C and delta(15)N to a fish-meal-based diet with higher delta values. We found mucus to provide a significantly more rapid response to diet switching (half-life = 36 days for delta(15)N, 30 days for delta(13)C) than muscle tissue (half-life = 94 days for delta(15)N, 136 days for delta(13)C), even for growing juvenile fish. Mucus may provide a rapid turnover "tissue'' for analysis of diet (or habitat) switching by fish. It has the additional advantage that it may be sampled nonlethally in some fishes, thereby avoiding problems in studying threatened or endangered species. This is the first report of the use of fish mucus in stable isotope analyses of fish tissues. C1 [Church, M. Robbins; Ebersole, Joseph L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Rensmeyer, Kirk M.] Natl Asian Pacific Ctr Aging, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Couture, Ryan B.] Oregon Hatchery Res Ctr, Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Alsea, OR 97324 USA. [Barrows, Frederic T.] ARS, USDA, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Noakes, David L. G.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Church, MR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Church.Robbins@epa.gov NR 12 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 26 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 66 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 429YY UT WOS:000264957200001 ER PT J AU Yemshanov, D McKenney, DW de Groot, P Haugen, D Sidders, D Joss, B AF Yemshanov, Denys McKenney, Daniel W. de Groot, Peter Haugen, Dennis Sidders, Derek Joss, Brent TI A bioeconomic approach to assess the impact of an alien invasive insect on timber supply and harvesting: a case study with Sirex noctilio in eastern Canada SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; JACK PINE BUDWORM; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; SCHEDULING PROBLEMS; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; SPREAD; PEST; AFFORESTATION AB This study presents a model that assesses the potential impact of a new alien insect species, Sirex noctilio Fabricius, on pine timber supply and harvest activities in eastern Canada. We integrate the spread of S. noctilio with a broad-scale growth and harvest allocation model. Projections of pine mortality range between 25 x 10(6) and 115 x 10(6) m(3) over 20 years depending on S. noctilio spread and impact assumptions. Our model suggests Ontario could experience the highest, most immediate losses (78% of the potential losses across eastern Canada), with Quebec sustaining most of the rest of the losses over the next 20 years. Potential losses of $86 to $254 million per year are simulated after 20 years. The net present value of total harvest losses after 28 years of outbreak ranges between $0.7 to $2.1 billion. Adaptation policies decrease short-term losses by 46%-55% and delay larger harvest failures by 9-11 years. Without harvest adaptation, failures to maintain annual allowable cut levels may occur once the total area infested exceeds 15 x 10(6) ha. While better understanding and representing S. noctilio behaviour will involve a significant effort, there is a strong demand by policy makers for this kind of information. C1 [Yemshanov, Denys; McKenney, Daniel W.; de Groot, Peter] Canadian Forest Serv, Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Haugen, Dennis] USDA Forest Serv, NE Area, St Paul, MN USA. [Sidders, Derek; Joss, Brent] Canadian Forest Serv, Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Wood Fibre Ctr 5320, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada. RP Yemshanov, D (reprint author), Canadian Forest Serv, Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, 1219 Queen St E, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. EM dyemshan@nrcan.gc.ca FU National Institute of Health; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Food Inspection Agency FX Authors extend their gratitude and thanks to Dr. Alexei Sharov ( National Institute of Health), the Associate Editor, and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions. Funding for this work was provided by a joint initiative between Natural Resources Canada and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. NR 58 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 10 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 39 IS 1 BP 154 EP 168 DI 10.1139/X08-164 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 397PE UT WOS:000262673800014 ER PT J AU Powers, MD Webster, CR Pregitzer, KS Palik, BJ AF Powers, Matthew D. Webster, Christopher R. Pregitzer, Kurt S. Palik, Brian J. TI Spatial dynamics of radial growth and growth efficiency in residual Pinus resinosa following aggregated retention harvesting SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; GROWING SPACE EFFICIENCY; RUBISCO ACTIVATION STATE; PONDEROSA PINE; LEAF-AREA; STAND DENSITY; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSE; CROWN DEVELOPMENT; NITROGEN-CONTENT AB Variable retention harvest systems are encouraged to promote complexity in managed forests, and aggregated retention has been suggested as a means of reducing moisture stress in residual trees. We studied the impacts of within-aggregate position on growth and foliar physiology to better understand the spatial dynamics of residual-tree responses to aggregated retention harvests in even-aged Pinus resinosa Ait. stands. Distance from edge and edge aspect influenced radial growth, volume increment, and growth efficiency, but only edge aspect affected foliar nitrogen content. Spatial variables had no significant relationships with foliar carbon isotope ratios (delta(13)C). Increases in radial growth, volume increment, and growth efficiency following harvesting were greatest near edges and in the northeastern quadrants of aggregates that received mechanical understory release treatments, and lowest in the southeastern quadrant of aggregates and near aggregate centers. Foliar nitrogen content was highest in the southwestern quadrants of aggregates that received understory release treatments, and lowest in the northwestern quadrants of aggregates. Our results suggest spatial relationships are important determinants of residual-tree responses to aggregated retention harvests. C1 [Powers, Matthew D.; Webster, Christopher R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Pregitzer, Kurt S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN USA. RP Powers, MD (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM mdpowers@mtu.edu FU USDA Forest Service; Michigan Technological University FX We thank Shawn Fraver, Linda Nagel, Tom Drummer, and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments during the development of this manuscript. Julia Robinson assisted with foliar sample preparation for elemental and isotopic analysis. Support for this research was provided by the USDA Forest Service and Michigan Technological University. NR 66 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 39 IS 1 BP 109 EP 117 DI 10.1139/X08-162 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 397PE UT WOS:000262673800010 ER PT J AU Reinhardt, K Johnson, DM Smith, WK AF Reinhardt, Keith Johnson, Daniel M. Smith, William K. TI Age-class differences in shoot photosynthesis and water relations of Fraser fir (Abies fraseri), southern Appalachian Mountains, USA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID RED SPRUCE; CLOUD IMMERSION; NORTH-CAROLINA; GAS-EXCHANGE; BALSAM FIR; FOREST; SEEDLINGS; SAPLINGS; GROWTH; MICROCLIMATE AB Fraser fir ( Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.) is an endemic tree species found only in refugial mountain-top forests in the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA. Very few studies have investigated the ecophysiology of this species in its natural environment. We measured and compared photosynthetic gas exchange and water relations of understory germinant seedlings (< 3 cm height), older seedlings (> 3 years old and similar to 0.15-1 m tall), and saplings (> 10 years old and similar to 1-2 m tall) on a leaf-level basis. No significant differences in gas exchange were found among the age classes, although midday xylem water potentials were significantly different among the age classes. Differences in maximum photosynthesis ( A(max)) were < 13%, ranging between 2.4 and 2.7 mu mol.m(-2).s(-1) (P = 0.26). Maximum leaf conductances (g(max)) were between 0.16 and 0.18 mol.m(-2).s(-1), varying less than 13% ( P = 0.15). Midday xylem water potentials were similar between SE and SA (-1.2 to -1.4 MPa), but GS values were significantly less negative (-0.2 to -0.5 MPa). Thus, gas exchange and water relations in these understory age classes appeared similar, indicating no particular limitation to advanced regeneration between age classes. C1 [Reinhardt, Keith; Smith, William K.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Johnson, Daniel M.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Smith, WK (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. EM smithwk@wfu.edu RI Johnson, Daniel/E-6789-2011; Reinhardt, Keith/N-9080-2013 OI Johnson, Daniel/0000-0001-5890-3147; FU William and Flora Hewlett Foundation FX This research was supported by a grant from the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation to WKS. We thank the National Park Service ( Blue Ridge Parkway) and Mount Mitchell State Park for permission to conduct research in their areas. We are especially grateful to Dr. Robert Browne for discussion and insightful comments. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 39 IS 1 BP 193 EP 197 DI 10.1139/X08-163 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 397PE UT WOS:000262673800017 ER PT J AU Forge, TA Pinkerton, JN Koch, C Fitzpatrick, S Sabaratnam, S AF Forge, T. A. Pinkerton, J. N. Koch, C. Fitzpatrick, S. Sabaratnam, S. TI Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with highbush blueberry and cranberry in British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Food Res Ctr, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. [Pinkerton, J. N.] ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Sabaratnam, S.] British Columbia Minist Agr & Lands, Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CANADIAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI OTTAWA PA MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 31 IS 1 BP 120 EP 121 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 471SC UT WOS:000268077600037 ER PT J AU Xi, K Kumar, K Turkington, TK Salmon, D Chen, MX Navabi, A AF Xi, K. Kumar, K. Turkington, T. K. Salmon, D. Chen, M. X. Navabi, A. TI Cereal stripe rust races in central Alberta and resistance screening for winter wheat and triticale SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Alberta Agr & Rural Dev ARD, Field Crop Dev Ctr FCDC, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada. [Turkington, T. K.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lacombe Res Ctr, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada. [Salmon, D.] ARD, FCDC, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W8, Canada. [Chen, M. X.] Washington State Univ, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Navabi, A.] Univ Alberta, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Agr Forestry Ctr 410, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI OTTAWA PA MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 31 IS 1 BP 132 EP 132 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 471SC UT WOS:000268077600077 ER PT J AU Li, YH Trigiano, RN Windham, MT Vito, LM Fare, DC Spiers, JM Copes, WE AF Li, Y. H. Trigiano, R. N. Windham, M. T. Vito, L. M. Fare, D. C. Spiers, J. M. Copes, W. E. TI Inhibition of urediniospore germination in Puccinia hemerocallidis by Bacto Agar and changes in percent germination and germ-tube elongation on agarose over time SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE gelling agent; urediniospore; daylily rust; Hemerocallis; inhibition ID DAYLILY RUST; SPORE GERMINATION; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH; CULTIVARS; DISEASE; LIGHT AB Agar is a commonly used gelling agent and a raw material used in other gelling agents. The effects of five gelling agents and potato dextrose agar on urediniospore germination, and changes in percent urediniospore germination and germ-tube elongation in Puccinia hemerocallidis over time were investigated in vitro. Percent urediniospore germination differed significantly between the tested gelling agents. Urediniospores germinated well on Gelrite, agarose, Phytagar, and Oxoid No. 3 agar in decreasing order, and percent urediniospore germination was negatively correlated with the concentration of gelling agent. Urediniospores germinated poorly on the substrates containing more than 0.5% Bacto Agar. The concentration of Bacto Agar that caused 50% inhibition of urediniospore germination was 18.2 mu g/mL in 1% agarose substrate. However, there were no significant differences in germ-tube elongation between the concentrations of Bacto Agar water extract tested. Unidentified inhibitory compounds from Bacto Agar water extract were adsorbed on a C18 column and the effluent water did not affect spore germination. However, the methanol-eluted solution from the C18 column completely inhibited urediniospore germination when the solution was evaporated and reconstituted with water. Changes in percent urediniospore germination and germ-tube length on 1% agarose water substrate over time fitted well with negative exponential models. The time to the half-asymptote of percent urediniospore germination and germ-tube length was 1.4 and 6.0 h, respectively, and the time to 95% of the asymptote was 6.1 and 30.9 h for spore germination and germ-tube elongation, respectively. C1 [Li, Y. H.; Trigiano, R. N.; Windham, M. T.; Vito, L. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Fare, D. C.] ARS, USDA, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Mcminnville, TN 37110 USA. [Spiers, J. M.; Copes, W. E.] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Hort Res Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Li, YH (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM yli20@utk.edu FU USDA-ARS [58-6404-7-2137] FX This study was supported by funding from USDA-ARS (58-6404-7-2137). We also thank Dr. David Wedge of USDA ARS in Oxford, Mississippi, for his assistance. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 2 BP 163 EP 168 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 622MU UT WOS:000279668700001 ER PT J AU Feng, JJ Li, JQ Randhawa, P Bonde, M Schaad, NW AF Feng, Jianjun Li, Jianqiang Randhawa, Parmjit Bonde, Morris Schaad, Norman W. TI Evaluation of seed treatments for the eradication of Acidovorax avenae subsp citrulli from melon and watermelon seeds SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE acidic electrolyzed water; bacterial fruit blotch ID BACTERIAL FRUIT BLOTCH; ACIDIC ELECTROLYZED WATER; PSEUDOMONAS; ASSAY; NOV AB Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli, the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), is a serious seed-borne pathogen. To determine the effectiveness of several treatments to eradicate it from seeds, healthy triploid watermelon seed lots were spiked with naturally infected watermelon and melon seeds harvested from three separate diseased fruits. Of the eight treatments studied, only the use of acidic electrolyzed water for 30 min eradicated the pathogen from seeds without reducing seed germination or seedling establishment. Treatment with Clorox at 50 degrees C for 20 min, Tsunami 100 for 30 min, or acidified cupric acetate at 50 degrees C for 20 min eradicated the pathogen but significantly (P = 0.05) reduced seed germination and (or) seedling establishment (emergence). The other treatments either failed to eradicate the pathogen or reduced seed germination. C1 [Feng, Jianjun; Li, Jianqiang] China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Randhawa, Parmjit] Calif Seed & Plant Lab, Elverta, CA 95626 USA. [Bonde, Morris; Schaad, Norman W.] ARS, USDA, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Li, JQ (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM lijq231@cau.edu.ca; norman.schaad@ars.usda.gov FU China Scholarship Council; Chinese Ministry of Education [NCET-04-0128] FX This work was supported by grants to Jianjun Feng from the China Scholarship Council in 2006 to study abroad, and in part by the Chinese Ministry of Education (NCET-04-0128). We acknowledge John Hanshew and Steve Flook for assisting with the field plots and Susan Nester and Aaron Sechler for assisting with the AEW treatment. We thank Dana Berner and William Bruckart for reviewing the manuscript and Abbott and Cobb Seed Company for supplying healthy triploid watermelon seeds. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 2 BP 180 EP 185 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 622MU UT WOS:000279668700003 ER PT J AU Strausbaugh, CA Gillen, AM AF Strausbaugh, Carl A. Gillen, Anne M. TI Sugar beet root rot at harvest in the US Intermountain West SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Leuconostoc; Lactobacillus; Beta vulgaris; Rhizoctonia; fermentation; lactic acid bacteria ID BACTERIAL VASCULAR NECROSIS; LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; GEOTRICHUM-CANDIDUM; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; LEUCONOSTOC; FUSARIUM; PATHOGENICITY; WASHINGTON; RESISTANCE; SELECTION AB Root rot in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) causes significant losses worldwide. To assess the distribution of root rot fungi and their relationship to bacterial root rot, commercial sugar beet roots with rot symptoms were collected at harvest time in the Intermountain West. Isolations for both fungi and bacteria were conducted using standard microbiological techniques, and the root area rotted was assessed. A subset of fungal isolates was tested for pathogenicity to sugar beet in greenhouse assays and field trials with and without manure. In the field survey of rotting beets, the fungi most frequently associated with root rot included Fusarium spp. (Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium acuminatum with 24% and 15% of isolates, respectively), Geotrichum spp. (16% of isolates), Rhizoctonia solani (15% of isolates), and Mucor spp. (14% of isolates). However, only R. solani isolate F321 (AG-2-2IIIB) consistently caused rot in greenhouse pathogenicity tests. In the field survey, a mean of 6% of the root tissue had rotted for individual roots when fungi were isolated individually, whereas mean root rot was 71% and 68% when bacteria were isolated individually or in combination with other organisms, respectively. In field trials, roots inoculated with F321 averaged 3%-5% fungal rot, whereas the percentage of root tissue with bacterial rot was 6%-78%, which supports survey observations. Manure did not lead to root rots in the field. Traditionally, fungal root rots have been the main focus of breeding programs; however, because of the root area rotted by lactic acid bacteria, especially Leuconostoc, these bacteria should not be ignored in breeding efforts. C1 [Strausbaugh, Carl A.] ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soil Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Gillen, Anne M.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Strausbaugh, CA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soil Res Lab, 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM Carl.Strausbaugh@ars.usda.gov OI Strausbaugh, Carl/0000-0001-6773-1375 FU United States Department of Agriculture [5368-21220-003-00D] FX These data support the objectives for the United States Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System project 5368-21220-003-00D. We also acknowledge the technical support of Jodi Smith and Shanna Breeding. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 2 BP 232 EP 240 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 622MU UT WOS:000279668700008 ER PT J AU Olanya, OM Ojiambo, PS Nyankanga, RO Honeycutt, CW Kirk, WW AF Olanya, O. M. Ojiambo, P. S. Nyankanga, R. O. Honeycutt, C. W. Kirk, W. W. TI Recent developments in managing tuber blight of potato (Solanum tuberosum) caused by Phytophthora infestans SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Review DE late blight; disease control; tuber rot ID DISEASE-RESISTANCE; SUBSP TUBEROSUM; SALT COMPOUNDS; IN-VITRO; CULTIVARS; FOLIAGE; ROT; POPULATION; INFECTION; PLANTS AB Tuber blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, occurs wherever potato (Solanum tuberosum) is cultivated and accounts for significant losses under field and storage conditions. After decades of research in late blight, there has been substantial progress, but numerous challenges remain for the management of tuber blight. The tuber blight disease components comprising of infection pathways, tuber resistance, cultivar interactions, pathogen transmission, and survival on tubers are highlighted in this article. New fungicide chemistries, novel approaches, and cultural measures are presented along with the implications of pathogen diversity, cultivar differences, and edaphic factors on tuber blight incidence and control. With the application of molecular genetic tools in potato breeding to identify novel sources of resistance, effective control of the disease using host resistance is more likely. However, there are key elements of tuber infection and management that still need to be addressed. The quantitative relationships of inoculum load to tuber blight incidence and P. infestans interactions with edaphic factors are undetermined. Forecasting or development of predictive models for tuber blight incidence under field and storage environments will greatly improve disease management. Furthermore, quantification and characterization of the interactions between P. infestans and other storage pathogens (bacteria and fungi) or soil microbes, and the evaluation of biocontrol agents or alternative approaches for control of tuber blight may lead to effective management of this disease. C1 [Olanya, O. M.; Honeycutt, C. W.] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Ojiambo, P. S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Nyankanga, R. O.] Univ Nairobi, Dept Plant Sci, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kirk, W. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Olanya, OM (reprint author), USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM modesto.olanya@ars.usda.gov NR 70 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 3 BP 280 EP 289 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 622MV UT WOS:000279668800002 ER PT J AU Li, YH Windham, M Trigiano, R Reed, S Rinehart, T Spiers, J AF Li, Yonghao Windham, Mark Trigiano, Robert Reed, Sandra Rinehart, Timothy Spiers, James TI Assessment of resistance components of bigleaf hydrangeas (Hydrangea macrophylla) to Erysiphe polygoni in vitro SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE powdery mildew; Hydrangea macrophylla; Erysiphe polygoni; partial resistance ID POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE; SPHAEROTHECA-FULIGINEA; CALLOSE SYNTHASE; MECHANISMS; MELON; INFECTION; DEFENSE; PISI; CULTIVARS; PATHOGENS AB Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe polygoni is one of the major foliar diseases on bigleaf hydrangeas (Hydrangea macrophylla). To determine resistance components of bigleaf hydrangea to powdery mildew, fungal development and host necrotic cells were compared on six bigleaf hydrangea cultivars using a detached leaf disk bioassay. Germination percentages of conidia were not significantly different among cultivars. However, percent geminated conidia with secondary germ tubes (GCSGT), percent necrotic host cells, infection efficiency, latent period, and sporulation were significantly different among cultivars. In general, 'Veitchii' was resistant, 'Nikko Blue' was susceptible, and 'Madame Emile Mouillere', 'Forever Pink', 'Lilacina', and 'Holstein' were intermediate. Necrotic cells were macroscopically visible in all cultivars regardless of assigned resistance levels. Significantly more necrotic cells were detected in resistant cultivar 'Veitchii' compared with other cultivars. These results suggest that hypersensitive reaction is not a qualitative trait of resistance, but the frequency of necrotic cells could be one of several resistance components that contribute to restrain fungal growth and colony development. Additionally, percent GCSGT, infection efficiency, latent period, and sporulation could be used to evaluate partial resistance in bigleaf hydrangea to powdery mildew using a detached leaf disk assay. C1 [Li, Yonghao; Windham, Mark; Trigiano, Robert] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Reed, Sandra] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, McMinnville, TN 37110 USA. [Rinehart, Timothy; Spiers, James] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Hort Res Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Windham, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mwindham@utk.edu FU USDA-ARS [58-6404-7-213] FX This study was supported by funding from USDA-ARS (58-6404-7-213). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 3 BP 348 EP 355 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 622MV UT WOS:000279668800009 ER PT J AU Davis, RA Huggins, DR Cook, RJ Paulitz, TC AF Davis, Ryan A. Huggins, David R. Cook, R. James Paulitz, Timothy C. TI Nitrogen and crop rotation effects on fusarium crown rot in no-till spring wheat SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE fusarium crown rot; no-till; Triticum aestivum; Fusarium pseudograminearum; F. culmorum; rotation crops; pea; barley; canola; nitrogen ID WHITE WINTER-WHEAT; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; USE EFFICIENCY; GRAIN PROTEIN; FOOT ROT; ROOT; FERTILIZATION; WASHINGTON; CEREALS; YIELD AB Fusarium crown rot of wheat (Triticum aestivum), caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum and Fusarium culmorum, is a yield-limiting disease in the dryland wheat-production area of the intermountain Pacific Northwest and is exacerbated in water-stressed plants induced by overfertilizing with nitrogen (N). Plants with excess N deplete water from the soil profile more rapidly and become drought stressed prematurely. Traditionally a problem on winter wheat in summer fallow, this disease has become more important for spring wheat in continuous cropping areas managed for high grain protein levels. During 3 years with direct seeding (no till) near Pullman, Washington, we investigated whether a split application of N, with some applied the previous fall and some with planting, could limit the disease compared with all N applied in the spring and with no N as the check. We also investigated the influence of the previous (rotation) crop (winter and spring canola, Brassica rapa; barley, Hordeum vulgare; or peas, Pisum sativum) on disease, grain yield, grain protein concentration, and populations of Fusarium in the soil. Overall, the DNA concentration of F. culmorum was significantly greater than F. pseudograminearum, and F. culmorum was highest following spring barley. Disease severity and yield were consistently lower in the no-N treatments compared with the other N treatments. The split application reduced disease in only 1 of 3 years. The all-spring application resulted in higher grain protein in 2 of 3 years compared with the split application, but yield was not affected. The previous crop had small but significant effects on disease, but they were not consistent from year to year and often interacted with the N treatment. Grain protein was higher in wheat after pea in 2 of 3 years. In conclusion, splitting of N had little effect on fusarium crown rot, probably because the N level in both treatments was conducive for disease development. Even if not a host species, the previous crop had little effect on subsequent disease, probably because Fusarium persists for more than one season as chlamydospores and in crop residue in this dry summer climate. C1 [Paulitz, Timothy C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Davis, Ryan A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Huggins, David R.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cook, R. James] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Paulitz, TC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM paulitz@wsu.edu OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803 FU Washington Wheat Commission; R. James Cook Endowed Chair in Wheat Research FX We thank Ron Sloot, Shawn Wetterau, and Dave Uberuaga for assistance with the field plots and database management. This research is partially supported by a grant from the Washington Wheat Commission and the R. James Cook Endowed Chair in Wheat Research. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 4 BP 456 EP 467 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 622MW UT WOS:000279668900009 ER PT J AU Burlakoti, RR Neate, SM Adhikari, TB Gyawali, S Salas, B Steffenson, BJ AF Burlakoti, R. R. Neate, S. M. Adhikari, T. B. Gyawali, S. Salas, B. Steffenson, B. J. TI Genetic analysis and trichothecene profiling of two populations of Gibberella zeae from barley in North Dakota and Minnesota SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Salas, B.] USDA, Pest Detect Diagnost & Management Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Steffenson, B. J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 4 BP 478 EP 479 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 622MW UT WOS:000279668900025 ER PT J AU Friesen, TL AF Friesen, T. L. TI Genetics of the Stagonospora nodorum-wheat interaction - evidence for a complex, toxin-based inverse gene-for-gene system SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Friesen, T. L.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 4 BP 502 EP 502 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 622MW UT WOS:000279668900107 ER PT S AU Laine, J Minkkinen, K Trettin, C AF Laine, Jukka Minkkinen, Kari Trettin, Carl BE Baird, AJ Belyea, LR Comas, X Reeve, AS Slater, LD TI Direct Human Impacts on the Peatland Carbon Sink SO CARBON CYCLING IN NORTHERN PEATLANDS SE Geophysical Monograph Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; METHANE FLUXES; ORGANIC SOILS; NORTHERN PEATLANDS; FORESTRY DRAINAGE; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; BOREAL PEATLANDS; WATER-TABLE; FINLAND AB Northern peatlands occupy over 3 million km(2) globally and contain the largest carbon (C) pool (typically > 100 kg C m(-2)) among terrestrial ecosystems. Agriculture, forestry, and peat harvesting are the principal human-induced activities that alter the peatland and hence the distribution and flux of carbon. As a prerequisite to those uses, the peatland is usually drained, which has long-term effects on the site hydrology and corresponding direct linkages to changes in C dynamics in the vegetation and soils. Soil organic matter decomposition is stimulated following drainage, typically reported as increased CO2 emissions and peat subsidence. The vegetation also changes following drainage, regardless of cropping or harvesting practices, and this change influences the net ecosystem C exchange rate. Peatland drainage tends to reduce CH4 emissions, as a result of a greater aerated surface soil volume. The net global effect of active management of northern peatlands has been to reduce the C pool, because agricultural use is dominant. There remain considerable uncertainties in estimating the C pools, fluxes, and responses to management in peatlands; the issues span inadequate inventories to sampling and measurements in complex settings. C1 [Laine, Jukka] Finnish Forest Res Inst, FI-39700 Parkano, Finland. [Minkkinen, Kari] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Ecol, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Trettin, Carl] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. RP Laine, J (reprint author), Finnish Forest Res Inst, Kaironiementie 54, FI-39700 Parkano, Finland. EM jukka.laine@metla.fi NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0065-8448 BN 978-0-87590-449-8 J9 GEOPHYS MONOGR SER PY 2009 VL 184 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1029/2008GM000808 D2 10.1029/GM184 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Soil Science SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Agriculture GA BUH79 UT WOS:000289379100006 ER PT S AU Post, WM Amonette, JE Birdsey, R Garten, CT Izaurralde, RC Jardine, PM Jastrow, J Lal, R Marland, G McCarl, BA Thomson, AM West, TO Wullschleger, SD Metting, FB AF Post, Wilfred M. Amonette, James E. Birdsey, Richard Garten, Charles T., Jr. Izaurralde, R. Cesar Jardine, Philip M. Jastrow, Julie Lal, Rattan Marland, Gregg McCarl, Bruce A. Thomson, Allison M. West, Tristram O. Wullschleger, Stan D. Metting, F. Blaine BE McPherson, BJ Sundquist, ET TI Terrestrial Biological Carbon Sequestration: Science for Enhancement and Implementation SO CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND ITS ROLE IN THE GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE SE Geophysical Monograph Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; LAND-USE CHANGE; BLACK CARBON; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; USE EFFICIENCY; FOREST CARBON; UNITED-STATES; META ANALYSIS; CROP PLANTS; STABILIZATION AB The purpose of this chapter is to review terrestrial biological carbon sequestration and evaluate the potential carbon storage capacity if present and new techniques are more aggressively utilized. Photosynthetic CO2 capture from the atmosphere and storage of the C in aboveground and belowground biomass and in soil organic and inorganic forms can be exploited for safe and affordable greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation [Watson et al., 2000]. Nevertheless, C sequestration in the terrestrial biosphere has not been seriously pursued since its introduction in the Kyoto Protocol over a decade ago. Concerns have been raised that C sequestration in the biosphere is finite and not permanent, that it is difficult to measure and monitor, that there would be "carbon leakage" outside of the mitigation activity, and that any attention paid to environmental sequestration would be a distraction from the central issue of reducing GHG emissions from energy production and use. International accord and success in reducing emissions from the energy system are not coming easily, and concerns about climate change are growing. It is time to reevaluate all available options that might not be permanent yet have the potential to buy time, bridging to a future when new energy system technologies and a transformed energy infrastructure can fully address the climate challenge. Terrestrial sequestration is one option large enough to make a contribution in the coming decades using proven land management methods and with the possibility that new technologies could significantly enhance the opportunity. C1 [Post, Wilfred M.; Garten, Charles T., Jr.; Jardine, Philip M.; Marland, Gregg; West, Tristram O.; Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Birdsey, Richard] US Forest Serv, No Global Change Res Program, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Amonette, James E.; Metting, F. Blaine] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [McCarl, Bruce A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Agr Econ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Lal, Rattan] Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jastrow, Julie] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Izaurralde, R. Cesar; Thomson, Allison M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Marland, Gregg] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria. RP Post, WM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM postwmiii@ornl.gov NR 131 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0065-8448 BN 978-0-87590-448-1 J9 GEOPHYS MONOGR SER PY 2009 VL 183 BP 73 EP 88 DI 10.1029/2008GM000753 D2 10.1029/GM183 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BOG53 UT WOS:000276577500006 ER PT S AU Perry, CH Woodall, CW Amacher, MC O'Neill, KP AF Perry, Charles H. Woodall, Christopher W. Amacher, Michael C. O'Neill, Katherine P. BE McPherson, BJ Sundquist, ET TI An Inventory of Carbon Storage in Forest Soil and Down Woody Material of the United States SO CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND ITS ROLE IN THE GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE SE Geophysical Monograph Book Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ORGANIC-CARBON; LANDSCAPE UNITS; NORTH-AMERICA; MINERAL-SOIL; BUDGET MODEL; DEAD WOOD; DECOMPOSITION; CLIMATE; VEGETATION; STOCKS AB The U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program conducts an annual forest inventory which includes measurements of down and dead wood and soil characteristics as indicators of forest health. Both indicators are measured on a systematic nationwide array of approximately 7800 plots where each one may represent up to 38,850 ha. Between 10 and 20% of these plots are measured every year. The down woody material indicator includes measurements of coarse and fine downed and deadwood. Carbon (C) storage in these down woody materials is estimated using line intersect biomass estimators and C conversion constants. The soil quality indicator is based on a range of statistically based methods including volumetric sampling of the forest floor and the collection of mineral soil cores representing depth increments of 0-10 and 10-20 cm. Carbon content of the soil samples is determined by dry combustion. We combined indicator measurements collected over 3 years (2001-2003) to estimate the C storage in soil and down wood in forests of the United States. Preliminary results suggest that as much as 80 Mg ha(-1) of C may be stored in forest soil and down woody material in some locations. Carbon storage by component is roughly ranked as follows: 0-10 cm mineral soil >10-20 cm mineral soil > the forest floor > coarse wood > fine wood. Preliminary spatial analysis of the C stocks in the North Central region of the United States illustrates the influences of latitude on C storage. C1 [Perry, Charles H.; Woodall, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Amacher, Michael C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [O'Neill, Katherine P.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Perry, CH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. OI Perry, Charles/0000-0001-9377-5996 NR 92 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0065-8448 BN 978-0-87590-448-1 J9 GEOPHYS MONOGR SER PY 2009 VL 183 BP 101 EP 116 DI 10.1029/2006GM000341 D2 10.1029/GM183 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BOG53 UT WOS:000276577500008 ER PT S AU Mikhailova, E Post, C Cihacek, L Ulmer, M AF Mikhailova, Elena Post, Christopher Cihacek, Larry Ulmer, Michael BE McPherson, BJ Sundquist, ET TI Soil Inorganic Carbon Sequestration as a Result of Cultivation in the Mollisols SO CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND ITS ROLE IN THE GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE SE Geophysical Monograph Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RUSSIAN CHERNOZEM; MANAGEMENT REGIMES; ORGANIC-CARBON; GRASSLAND; NITROGEN; CALICHE; MATTER; STOCKS; MODEL AB Soil inorganic carbon stock and its response to land use in grassland ecosystems are poorly understood. A detailed examination of soil organic and inorganic carbon distribution at depth in Mollisols of the U.S. Northern Great Plains and the Russian Chernozem shows that cultivation of these soils decreased soil organic stock and increased soil inorganic carbon stock. The global significance of these results is that one of the most fertile and productive agricultural soils in the world that was initially native grasslands incorporated massive amounts of organic matter into the soil during cultivation. This dramatic event (going from equilibrium native grassland state to being plowed) caused a loss of organic carbon, and our analysis indicates that there may have been a corresponding gain of soil inorganic carbon in fertile calcium rich soils in the temperate grassland ecosystem. Mollisols may be a significant sink of inorganic carbon through pedogenic carbonate formation, which may partially offset carbon loss from soil organic matter decomposition. C1 [Mikhailova, Elena; Post, Christopher] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Cihacek, Larry] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Ulmer, Michael] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Bismarck, ND 58502 USA. RP Mikhailova, E (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 261 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM eleanam@clemson.edu NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0065-8448 BN 978-0-87590-448-1 J9 GEOPHYS MONOGR SER PY 2009 VL 183 BP 129 EP 133 DI 10.1029/2005GM000313 D2 10.1029/GM183 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BOG53 UT WOS:000276577500010 ER PT S AU Brown, JR Sampson, N AF Brown, Joel R. Sampson, Neil BE McPherson, BJ Sundquist, ET TI Integrating Terrestrial Sequestration Into a Greenhouse Gas Management Plan SO CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND ITS ROLE IN THE GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE SE Geophysical Monograph Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; LAND-USE; FOREST; ECOSYSTEMS; GRASSLAND; STORAGE; LOSSES AB Terrestrial sequestration has the potential to contribute to national and global greenhouse gas management strategies. However, spatial and temporal variability in sequestration potential and in the implementation of sequestering technologies introduces serious questions about how to resolve uncertainties and raise the credibility of terrestrial sequestration. Carbon flux in terrestrial ecosystems without land use change generally is less than one ton CO(2)e/ha and driven primarily by precipitation. Land use and management changes are relatively common and are driven by economics and social considerations both in the private and public sectors. Implementing a credible greenhouse gas management program that integrates terrestrial sequestration along with other sources and sinks requires a systematic approach to identify and quantitatively monitor changes in the drivers of terrestrial sequestration. A credible terrestrial sequestration monitoring program will require close attention to integrating direct measurement of soils and vegetation, statistically valid scaling, remote sensing, and computer modeling. Predicting changes at a level of confidence useful to policy development will also require an understanding of how land owners and managers respond to private sector price signals and government conservation initiatives. C1 [Brown, Joel R.; Sampson, Neil] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Jornada Expt Range & Sampson Group, Las Cruces, NM USA. RP Brown, JR (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Jornada Expt Range & Sampson Group, Las Cruces, NM USA. EM joelbrow@nmsu.edu NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0065-8448 BN 978-0-87590-448-1 J9 GEOPHYS MONOGR SER PY 2009 VL 183 BP 317 EP 324 DI 10.1029/2006GM000354 D2 10.1029/GM183 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BOG53 UT WOS:000276577500024 ER PT J AU Scalley, TH Crowl, TA Thompson, J AF Scalley, Tamara Heartsill Crowl, Todd A. Thompson, Jill TI Tree species distributions in relation to stream distance in a mid-montane wet forest, Puerto Rico SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Luquillo Forest Dynamic Plot; Puerto Rico; riparian; streams; trees ID RIPARIAN VEGETATION; TROPICAL FOREST; HURRICANE HUGO; LANDSCAPE; DIVERSITY; DISTURBANCE; ECOLOGY; PATTERN; FRAGMENTS; ZONES AB Riparian zones are dynamic areas adjacent to flowing freshwater that connect aquatic and terrestrial environments. We measured individual tree distances relative to two permanent streams in the Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot, Puerto Rico, to determine if tree species exhibit distinct affinities for riparian zones in a mid-montane tropical forest. In addition, we also calculated stem density, species richness, and diversity indices in 20 x 20 m randomly selected quadrats at different distances from the streams. We found that no single species in the study site was predominantly associated with riparian zones; however, almost all species were represented by a few stems in close proximity to streams. Multivariate (Fuzzy Set Ordination) ordination of plot species composition in relation to distance to streams indicated that there is greater variation in species composition closer to streams, and less variation in species composition farther from streams. This study suggests that in mid-montane wet forest, riparian zones include all tree species found throughout the forest landscape. C1 [Thompson, Jill] Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Trop Ecosyst Studies, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. [Scalley, Tamara Heartsill; Crowl, Todd A.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Scalley, TH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, 1201 Calle Ceiba, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. EM theartsill@fs.fed.us RI Crowl, Todd/C-9576-2011; Thompson, Jill/K-2200-2012; OI Thompson, Jill/0000-0002-4370-2593; Heartsill Scalley, Tamara/0000-0003-0550-4147 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [BSR-9015961, BSR-9911902, BSR-8811764, RII-880291, HRD-935349]; Ecology Center and the College of Natural Resources, Utah State University FX We recognize the work of all the people involved in the establishment and inventory of the LFDP. We thank the founders of the LFDP, Robert B. Waide, D. Jean Lodge, Charlotte M. Taylor, and Edwin M. Everham III, the many members of the field teams who inventoried the plot, and John Thomlinson who assisted with the tree maps. Eda Melendez-Colom, the Information Manager of the Luquillo LTER site, assisted with data sets. Funds for the LFDP have been contributed by National Science Foundation (NSF) SGER grant BSR-9015961, and NSF Long Term Ecological Research grants BSR-9911902 and BSR-8811764 to the Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies, University of Puerto Rico (UPR) and the International Institute for Tropical Forestry. Funds were also provided through grants (RII-880291 and HRD-935349 from NSF to UPR Center for research Excellence in Science and technology. F. N. Scatena, Steven A. Sloan, P. L. Weaver, and Karen Wolfe reviewed previous drafts of this manuscript. Dave W. Roberts, Montana State University, contributed to data analysis while T. del M. Lopez, University of Puerto Rico, contributed with the site figure. The Ecology Center and the College of Natural Resources, Utah State University, provided financial support for Tamara Heartsill Scalley. The International Institute for Tropical Forestry, USDA FS in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico provided logistical support. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 52 EP 63 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 695VO UT WOS:000285400900007 ER PT B AU Tang, GW Russell, RM AF Tang, Guangwen Russell, Robert M. BE Britton, G LiaaenJensen, S Pfander, H TI Carotenoids as Provitamin A SO CAROTENOIDS, VOL 5: NUTRITION AND HEALTH SE Carotenoids Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ISOTOPE REFERENCE METHOD; RICH LIPOPROTEIN FRACTION; VITAMIN-A EQUIVALENCE; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GREEN LEAFY VEGETABLES; TRANS BETA-CAROTENE; RETINOIC ACID; INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION; EXCENTRIC CLEAVAGE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE C1 [Tang, Guangwen] Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Russell, Robert M.] NIH, Off Director, Washington, DC USA. RP Tang, GW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM guangwen.tang@tufts.edu; russellr2@od.nih.gov NR 100 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND BN 978-3-7643-7500-3 J9 CAROTENOIDS SER PY 2009 VL 5 BP 149 EP 172 DI 10.1007/978-3-7643-7501-0_8 D2 10.1007/978-3-7643-7501-0 PG 24 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BLX14 UT WOS:000271255500008 ER PT B AU Yeum, KJ Aldini, G Russell, RM Krinsky, NI AF Yeum, Kyung-Jin Aldini, Giancarlo Russell, Robert M. Krinsky, Norman I. BE Britton, G LiaaenJensen, S Pfander, H TI Antioxidant/Pro-oxidant Actions of Carotenoids SO CAROTENOIDS, VOL 5: NUTRITION AND HEALTH SE Carotenoids Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; RADICAL ABSORBENCY CAPACITY; HUMAN SKIN FIBROBLASTS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; PIGMENT OPTICAL-DENSITY; PRIMARY RAT HEPATOCYTES; SMOKE-EXPOSED FERRETS; BETA-CAROTENE C1 [Yeum, Kyung-Jin; Krinsky, Norman I.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Dept Biochem,Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Russell, Robert M.] NIH, Off Director, Washington, DC USA. [Aldini, Giancarlo] Univ Milan, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Fac Pharm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Yeum, KJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Dept Biochem,Sch Med, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM kyungjin.yeum@tufts.edu; giancarlo.aldini@unimi.it; russellr2@od.nih.gov NR 213 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND BN 978-3-7643-7500-3 J9 CAROTENOIDS SER PY 2009 VL 5 BP 235 EP 268 DI 10.1007/978-3-7643-7501-0_12 D2 10.1007/978-3-7643-7501-0 PG 34 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BLX14 UT WOS:000271255500012 ER PT B AU Johnson, EJ Krinsky, NI AF Johnson, Elizabeth J. Krinsky, Norman I. BE Britton, G LiaaenJensen, S Pfander, H TI Carotenoids and Coronary Heart Disease SO CAROTENOIDS, VOL 5: NUTRITION AND HEALTH SE Carotenoids Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ANTIOXIDANT VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION; BETA-CAROTENE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; ARTERY-DISEASE; PLASMA CAROTENOIDS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ANGINA-PECTORIS C1 [Johnson, Elizabeth J.] Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Krinsky, Norman I.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Dept Biochem,Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Johnson, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM elizabeth.johnson@tufts.edu NR 63 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND BN 978-3-7643-7500-3 J9 CAROTENOIDS SER PY 2009 VL 5 BP 287 EP 300 DI 10.1007/978-3-7643-7501-0_14 D2 10.1007/978-3-7643-7501-0 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BLX14 UT WOS:000271255500014 ER PT B AU Wang, XD AF Wang, Xiang-Dong BE Britton, G LiaaenJensen, S Pfander, H TI Biological Activities of Carotenoid Metabolites SO CAROTENOIDS, VOL 5: NUTRITION AND HEALTH SE Carotenoids Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RETINOIC ACID RECEPTOR; GAP JUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; LUNG-CANCER CELLS; BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; SMOKE-EXPOSED FERRETS; A/J MOUSE MODEL; ANTIOXIDANT BETA-CAROTENE; FACTOR-BINDING PROTEIN-3 C1 Tufts Univ, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wang, XD (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM xiang-dong.wang@tufts.edu NR 145 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND BN 978-3-7643-7500-3 J9 CAROTENOIDS SER PY 2009 VL 5 BP 383 EP 408 DI 10.1007/978-3-7643-7501-0_18 D2 10.1007/978-3-7643-7501-0 PG 26 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BLX14 UT WOS:000271255500018 ER PT J AU Inglett, GE Xu, JY Stevenson, DG Chen, DJ AF Inglett, George E. Xu, Jingyuan Stevenson, David G. Chen, Diejun TI Rheological and Pasting Properties of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Flours With and Without Jet-Cooking SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COMMON BUCKWHEAT; FRYING BATTERS; OAT BRAN; SUSPENSIONS; EXTRACTION; PRODUCTS; STARCHES; QUALITY; BAKING; NOODLE AB Pasting, rheological, and water-holding properties of buck wheat (Fargopyrum esculentum) flour obtained from whole achenes separated into three particle sizes, and there commercial flours (Faney, Supreme, and Farinetta) were measured with or without jet-cooking. Fancy had instantaneous paste viscosity (measured using RVA) after jet-cooking that was not observed for Supreme or Farinetta, and paste viscosity was lower for the latter two flours. Supreme jet-cooked flour exhibited higher peak viscosity than flour without jet-cooking, and paster exhibited higher peak viscosity than flour without jet-cooking, and paste exhibited high shear-thinning. Fancy exhibited strongest viscoelastic properties (measured using a rheometer). Jet-cooking damaged buckwheat flour structure, thereby reducing viscoelasticity. Buckwheat flour pastes experienced shear-thinning over a wide range of shear rates. Jet-cooking greatly enhanced water-holding capacity. Buckwheat flour particle size did not greatly influenced paste viscosity. Study showed buckwheat flours have unique pasting and rheological characteristics that have different food applications, which could especially be useful for people with celiac disease as buckwheat is gluten-free. C1 [Inglett, George E.; Xu, Jingyuan; Stevenson, David G.; Chen, Diejun] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Stevenson, DG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM David.Stevenson@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 86 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-86-1-0001 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 442NA UT WOS:000265846700001 ER PT J AU Kweon, M Martin, R Souza, E AF Kweon, Meera Martin, Ron Souza, Edward TI Effect of Tempering Conditions on Milling Performance and Flour Functionality SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOLVENT RETENTION CAPACITY; POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; WHEAT-FLOUR; UK WHEATS; MOISTURE; QUALITY; EXTRACTION; WATER; PENETRATION; CULTIVARS AB Tempering conditions of wheat grain change the quality of the flour, yet most experimental milling system use a standard tempering without optimization. The effect of tempering condition on the milling performance and flour functionality for soft red winter (SRW) wheat grain was tested by measuring flour yield, ash, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and solvent retention capacity (SRC) in grain samples from three SRW cultivars (Roane, Cyrus, and Severn). Tempering was conducted with a full factorial design of initial wheat moisture, tempered wheat moisture, tempering temperature, and tempering time at two levels. Tempered wheat moisture had the largest effect on milling performance and flour functionality. Flour yield was more reduced for all samples tempered at 15% moisture than for samples tempered to 12% moisture. Flour quality of the 15% tempered sample was better than the 12% tempered samples due to less bran contamination as measured by flour ash and PPO. Increasing tempering moisture increased flour sucrose SRC and lactic acid SRC but reduced sodium carbonate SRC for samples. Changing tempered wheat moisture changed flour yield and quality much more than did changing the length of time for tempering, the temperature at wheat is tempered, or differences in the initial moisture of the wheat before tempering. The last three effects could be used to improve flour yield in both the 12 and 15% tempered wheat treatment but the detrimental effects of these treatments on flour quality were minimal when combined with the 15% tempered wheat moisture treatment. C1 [Kweon, Meera; Martin, Ron; Souza, Edward] ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Kweon, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM kweon.11@osu.edu NR 30 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 86 IS 1 BP 12 EP 17 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-86-1-0012 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 442NA UT WOS:000265846700003 ER PT J AU Schmitt, MR Budde, AD AF Schmitt, Mark R. Budde, Allen D. TI Calcofluor Fluorescence Assay for Wort beta-Glucan in a Microplate Format SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article C1 [Schmitt, Mark R.; Budde, Allen D.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Schmitt, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, 502 Walnut St, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM mark.schmitt@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 86 IS 1 BP 33 EP 36 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-86-1-0033 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 442NA UT WOS:000265846700007 ER PT J AU Belefant-Miller, H AF Belefant-Miller, Helen TI Induced Postharvest Yellowing in Southern US Rice Cultivars SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STORAGE ATMOSPHERE; WATER ACTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; ENDOSPERM; PADDY AB Rice can yellow during storage if moisture levels and temperatures are allowed to increase. This postharvest yellowed (PHY), or stackburn, rice is reduced in value but no study had investigated the inherent potential within rice germplasm for limiting PHY. To screen a large number of cultivars for propensity to PHY, a laboratory method for PHY using a small amount of rice was used. Ninety-eight popular southern U.S. rice cultivars were yellowed under laboratory conditions. Additional samples of the low-yellowing and high-yellowing cultivars were retested after two and three years of storage as rough rice using higher amounts and larger containers. All cultivars showed greater color change with the higher amounts of rice and when yellowed as milled rather than as rough rice. Length of time of storage and storage temperature did not affect the degree of PHY. The low- and high-yellowing groups remained distinguishable but the overall high level of coloring in southern U.S. rice cultivars indicates that a more diverse germplasm should be investigated to increase the likelihood of identifying low-PHY cultivars. C1 ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Belefant-Miller, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, 2890 Hwy 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM Helen.Miller@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 86 IS 1 BP 67 EP 69 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-86-1-0067 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 442NA UT WOS:000265846700012 ER PT J AU Byars, JA Fanta, GF Felker, FC AF Byars, Jeffrey A. Fanta, George F. Felker, Frederick C. TI Rheological Properties of Dispersions of Spherulites from Jet-Cooked High-Amylose Corn Starch and Fatty Acids SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAIZE STARCHES; CORNSTARCH; MORPHOLOGY; MIXTURES; COOKING AB High-amylose corn starch was cooked in an excess-steam jet cooker in the presence of 5% oleic or palmitic acid, based on amylose. The cooked product was rapidly cooled in an ice bath and then freeze-dried or drum-dried. Amylose was removed from solution by forming helical inclusion complexes with the fatty acid, and the inclusion complexes formed sub-micron spherical particles upon cooling. The dried material was reconstructed to form a paste that exhibited gel-like properties upon standing. but that flowed readily when shear was applied. The rheological properties of these pastes were measured to determine the effects oil the flow properties of 1) the solids concentration in the reconstituted paste. 2) the method of sample drying and reconstitution. and 3) the fatty acid used. The material,.; were very spreadable. and at the highest concentrations their flow properties were similar to a commercial shortening. The pasting properties of the dried solids were also examined. C1 [Byars, Jeffrey A.; Felker, Frederick C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Fanta, George F.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Byars, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM jeffrey.byars@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 86 IS 1 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-86-1-0076 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 442NA UT WOS:000265846700014 ER PT J AU Li, SB Morris, CF Bettge, AD AF Li, Shuobi Morris, Craig F. Bettge, Arthur D. TI Genotype and Environment Variation for Arabinoxylans in Hard Winter and Spring Wheats of the US Pacific Northwest SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID WATER-EXTRACTABLE ARABINOXYLANS; ENDOXYLANASE INHIBITOR LEVELS; GRAIN HARDNESS; L. GRAIN; FLOUR; PENTOSANS; VISCOSITY; ENDOSPERM; CULTIVAR; KERNELS AB The development of high-quality wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars depends oil a thorough understanding of the Constituents of, grain and their variation due to genetics and environment. Arabinoxylans (pentosans) are key constituents of wheat grain and have broad and far-reaching influences on milling and baking quality. However, variation in arabinoxylans Clue to genotype and environment are not fully understood. In this study, 25 hard winter and 25 hard spring wheat commercial cultivars and advanced breeding lines developed from eight public and private breeding programs in the U.S. Pacific Northwest were analyzed for water-extractable and total arabinoxylan contents (WE-AX and total AX). and the proportion of total AX that was water-extractable. Winter and spring genotypes were gown in three environments each. The results indicated that there were significant differences among, both sets of hard wheat genotypes for WE-AX. total AX. and proportion of total AX that was WE-AX. The WE-AX and total AX mean content ranges for the winter cultivars were 0.390-0.808 and 3.09-4.04%, respectively: and for the spring cultivars 0.476-0.919 and 3.94-4.70%, respectively. WE-AX as a percentage of total AX was similar between the two genotype sets. 11.7-23.0%. Arabinoxylan fractions were generally not correlated with grain protein. test weight, and kernel hardness. The two hi,hest correlations for winter wheats were between protein and total AX (r = -0.40) and test weight and percentage of total AX that were water-extractable (r = 00.37) for winter wheats. Among spring wheats, single-kernel characterization system hardness was negatively correlated with WE-AX and proportion of total AX that was WE-AX (r = -0.46 and -0.51. respectively). Although often significant. arabinoxylan fractions were usually not highly intercorrelated, indicating some independence of trails. Notable genotypes, being especially high or low for one or more arabinoxylan fraction and, thus. candidates for further genetic study and cross-breeding, included Juniper. Eddy. and ORN980995 winter wheats, and Hollis, Alta Blanca, and WQL9HDALP spring wheats. Although the results indicate that arabinoxylan fractions of wheat grain can be highly influenced by environment. there is clear Support for the existence of genetic differences. especially for WE-AX and the proportion of total AX that is water-extractable. As Such, the Manipulation of arabinoxylan content of wheat grain seems to be it reasonable breeding objective. C1 [Morris, Craig F.; Bettge, Arthur D.] Washington State Univ, Western Wheat Qual Lab, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Li, Shuobi] NW A&F Univ, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Morris, CF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Western Wheat Qual Lab, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM morrisc@wsu.edu NR 29 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 86 IS 1 BP 88 EP 95 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-86-1-0088 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 442NA UT WOS:000265846700016 ER PT S AU Nislow, KH Kynard, BE AF Nislow, Keith H. Kynard, Boyd E. BE Haro, A Smith, KL Rulifson, RA Moffitt, CM Klauda, RJ Dadswell, MJ Cunjak, RA Cooper, JE Beal, KL Avery, TS TI The Role of Anadromous Sea Lamprey in Nutrient and Material Transport between Marine and Freshwater Environments SO CHALLENGES FOR DIADROMOUS FISHES IN A DYNAMIC GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment CY JUN 18-21, 2007 CL Halifax, CANADA SP Amer Fisheries Soc, NE Div ID PETROMYZON-MARINUS; ATLANTIC SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON; LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; NORTHWEST ATLANTIC; GREAT-LAKES; RIVER; MERCURY; HABITAT; PHOSPHORUS AB The sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus is a widely distributed anadromous species spawning in coastal rivers and streams throughout the north Atlantic basin. In this paper, we review aspects of sea lamprey migration and ecology that relate to the transport of nutrients and materials to and from freshwater ecosystems and provide an example of a long-term study of a native wild population. Several aspects of lamprey life history (rapid growth in marine phase, many adults spawn in upper reaches of small oligotrophic rivers, all adults die after spawning) suggest that anadromous sea lampreys contribute marine-derived nutrients and materials (MDNM) to freshwater ecosystems. We used long-term (20 years) data on spawner abundance, along with literature-derived concentration values, to estimate the import of nutrients and materials to a spawning reach of the Fort River, a tributary of the Connecticut River in western Massachusetts, USA. Sea lamprey imported as much as 0.26 g of P per square meter of stream, as much as of 20% of the total annual P loading to a similar system where a full P budget has been developed. While the MDNM contribution of sea lamprey may be substantial, other aspects of their life history and habitat use may limit the overall magnitude and direction of lamprey influence on freshwater ecosystems. Spawning requirement for rocky substrate within a narrow size range may limit import at the watershed scale. In addition, marine survival rates of less than similar to 1% will result in a net export of notrients and materials via out-migrating juveniles (transformers). While there is Currently no information on survival rates in wild anadromous populations, the tight link between adult survival and prey/host fish populations observed in landlocked Great Lakes systems suggests that the ecological role of sea lamprey may be strongly related to the abundance of coastal marine fishes. Further research on adult survival, juvenile dispersal and distribution, and the paths of nutrient and material uptake in spawning streams are necessary to more fully evaluate the role of anadromous sea lamprey in the transport of MDNM. C1 [Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Nislow, KH (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 201 Holdsworth NRC, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM knislow@fs.fed.us NR 46 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-08-0 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2009 VL 69 BP 485 EP 494 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Neurosciences SC Fisheries; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BLN75 UT WOS:000270598800030 ER PT J AU Jarret, RL Berke, T Baldwin, EA Antonious, GF AF Jarret, Robert L. Berke, Terry Baldwin, Elizabeth A. Antonious, George F. TI Variability for Free Sugars and Organic Acids in Capsicum chinense SO CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article ID RED-PEPPER PAPRIKA; ASCORBIC-ACID; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; RIPENING STAGES; GENUS CAPSICUM; VITAMIN-C; ANNUUM L.; CULTIVARS; FLAVONOIDS; FLAVOR AB Variability in the concentrations of the chemical constituents that contribute to fruit flavor in Capsicum chinense is poorly documented in the scientific literature. We surveyed fruit of 216 landraces and cultivated varieties of Capsicum chinense acquired from North, Central, and South America, and analyzed these for concentrations of the simple sugars sucrose, glucose, and fructose, and citric, malic, succinic, fumaric, and ascorbic acids. Concentrations (mg/100 g Fresh Weight (FW) of whole fruit) of sucrose, glucose, and fructose in fruit of this species ranged from 0.0 to 150, 68 to 701, and 101 to 823, respectively. The total of these sugars (sucrose+glucose+fructose) ranged from 198 to 1543 mg/100 g FW. Concentrations of organic acids ranged from 0.0 (not detected) to 818, 430, 340, and 232 mg/100 g FW for citric, malic, fumaric, and succinic acids, respectively. However, the relative ranking in the concentrations of the individual acids was genotype-dependent. Total ascorbic-acid values ranged from 30 to 1466 mg/100 g FW. These data serve to document the range in the concentrations of individual sugars and acids present in mature C chinense fruit and suggest that this variability may lend itself to studies involving the synthesis and/or metabolism of compounds associated with fruit flavor. C1 [Jarret, Robert L.] ARS, USDA, PGRCU, Griffin, GA 30224 USA. [Berke, Terry] Seminis Seed Co, Woodland, CA 95695 USA. [Baldwin, Elizabeth A.] ARS, USDA, Citrus Res Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. [Antonious, George F.] Kentucky State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. RP Jarret, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, PGRCU, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30224 USA. EM bob.jarret@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1612-1872 J9 CHEM BIODIVERS JI Chem. Biodivers. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 2 BP 138 EP 145 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 414GF UT WOS:000263851200003 PM 19235156 ER PT J AU Cantrell, CL Klun, JA Pridgeon, J Becnel, J Green, S Fronczek, FR AF Cantrell, Charles L. Klun, Jerome A. Pridgeon, Julia Becnel, James Green, Solomon, III Fronczek, Frank R. TI Structure-Activity Relationship Studies on the Mosquito Toxicity and Biting Deterrency of Callicarpenal Derivatives SO CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article ID REPELLENTS; AMERICANA; EFFICACY AB Callicarpenal (=13,14,15,16-tetranorcierod-3-en-12-al=[(1S,2R,4aR,8aR)-1,2,3,4,4a,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,2,4a,5-tetramethylnaphthalen-1-yl]acetaldehyde; 1) has previously demonstrated significant mosquito bite-deterring activity against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi in addition to repellent activity against host-seeking nymphs of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis. In the present study, structural modifications were performed on callicarpenal (1) in an effort to understand the functional groups necessary for maintaining and/or increasing its activity and to possibly lead to more effective insect control agents. All modifications in this study targeted the C(12) aldehyde or the C(3) alkene functionalities or combinations thereof Mosquito biting deterrency appeared to be influenced most by C(3) alkene modification as evidenced by catalytic hydrogenation that resulted in a compound having significantly less effectiveness than 1 at a test amount of 25 nmol/cm(2). Oxidation and/or reduction of the C(12) aldehyde did not diminish mosquito biting deterrency, but, at the same time, none of the modifications were more effective than 1 in deterring mosquito biting. Toxicities of synthesized compounds towards Ae. aegypti ranged from an LD(50) value of 2.36 to 40.11 mu g per mosquito. Similarly, LD(95) values ranged from a low of 5.59 to a high of 104.9 mu g. C1 [Cantrell, Charles L.; Green, Solomon, III] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Klun, Jerome A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Invas Insects Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pridgeon, Julia; Becnel, James] USDA ARS, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Fronczek, Frank R.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Cantrell, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM charles.cantrell@ars.usda.gov FU US. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX The authors thank Amber Callahan for technical assistance. This study was supported, in part, by a Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant funded by the US. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1612-1872 J9 CHEM BIODIVERS JI Chem. Biodivers. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 4 BP 447 EP 458 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 437GP UT WOS:000265475200002 PM 19353538 ER PT J AU Erhan, SZ Sharma, BK Doll, KM AF Erhan, Sevim Z. Sharma, Brajendra K. Doll, Kenneth M. TI Production of agricultural commodities in the United States SO CHIMICA OGGI-CHEMISTRY TODAY LA English DT Article ID WORLD CORN PRODUCTION; GREEN CHEMISTRY; ENDING STOCKS; LESQUERELLA; FIGURES; OILS AB We are approaching the time when the needs of the world must be met using sustainable methods. Agriculture will be at the forefront of this movement. It will help us to meet the food and feed needs of an ever growing population and it will play at least a part of the environmentally friendly energy used by the next generation. However, the current availability of agricultural material depends on food demand, due to increased population and economic development, as well as effective strategies to utilize bio energy and mitigate climate change. C1 [Erhan, Sevim Z.] ARS, USDA, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Sharma, Brajendra K.; Doll, Kenneth M.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Erhan, SZ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ERRC, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TEKNOSCIENZE PUBL PI MILANO PA VIALE BRIANZA 22, 20127 MILANO, ITALY SN 1973-8250 J9 CHIM OGGI JI Chim. Oggi-Chem. Today PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 27 IS 1 BP 34 EP 36 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry GA 413LP UT WOS:000263794900011 ER PT J AU Erhan, SZ Sharma, BK Doll, KM AF Erhan, Sevim Z. Sharma, Brajendra K. Doll, Kenneth M. TI Opportunities for industrial uses of agricultural products SO CHIMICA OGGI-CHEMISTRY TODAY LA English DT Article AB The search for and development of non-fuel industrial uses of agricultural commodities is an ongoing endeavour. New technologies which can involve chemically, enzymatic ally, or genetically modifying agricultural products will be required in order meet the requirements of the products of the future, and to continue the eventual switch to an economy based on renewable resources. Adhesives, lubricants, polymers, and inks are some of the industries where we may see even more petrochemical replacement in the near future. C1 [Erhan, Sevim Z.] ARS, USDA, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Sharma, Brajendra K.; Doll, Kenneth M.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Erhan, SZ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ERRC, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TEKNOSCIENZE PUBL PI MILANO PA VIALE BRIANZA 22, 20127 MILANO, ITALY SN 1973-8250 J9 CHIM OGGI JI Chim. Oggi-Chem. Today PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 27 IS 1 BP 38 EP 41 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry GA 413LP UT WOS:000263794900012 ER PT J AU Huang, KS Gale, F AF Huang, Kuo S. Gale, Fred TI Food demand in China: income, quality, and nutrient effects SO CHINA AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Food industry; Income; Quality; Elasticity; Demand; China AB Purpose - China's remarkable income growth has changed the food landscape in recent years. Chinese consumers are demanding greater food quantity and quality and changing the nutrient content of their diets. Most food demand studies are based on data from earlier time periods before these structural changes had taken hold. The purpose of this paper is to show. how the rapid change in food markets and surprisingly slow growth of food imports warrants a new assessment of food demand in China. Design/methodology/approach - Engel equations measuring elasticities of food quantity and quality purchases with respect to household income are estimated. These estimates are then converted to nutrient elasticities to show how the availability of nutrients varies with income based on the Engel demand relationship. Findings - The income elasticities diminish as income rises. Households in the top tier of the income distribution appear to have reached a saturation point in the consumption of most food items. As income rises, most additional spending is on foods with higher unit values that may reflect better cuts of meat or branded items. The pattern of food purchases for households at different income levels suggests that protein, saturated fat, and cholesterol intake rises with increased income. The change in diets prompted by rising income is most pronounced for low-income households. Originality/value - This paper applies a unique approach to measure income, quality, and nutrient elasticities within the same framework of Engel relationship. The finding has important implications for opening new market opportunities of imported foods and understanding dietary change in China. C1 [Huang, Kuo S.; Gale, Fred] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Huang, KS (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM khuang@ers.usda.gov NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 22 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1756-137X J9 CHINA AGRIC ECON REV JI China Agric. Econ. Rev. PY 2009 VL 1 IS 4 BP 395 EP 409 DI 10.1108/17561370910992307 PG 15 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 640FM UT WOS:000281034300004 ER PT J AU Hill, CA Guerrero, FD Van Zee, JP Geraci, NS Walling, JG Stuart, JJ AF Hill, Catherine A. Guerrero, Felix D. Van Zee, Janice P. Geraci, Nicholas S. Walling, Jason G. Stuart, Jeffrey J. TI The position of repetitive DNA sequence in the southern cattle tick genome permits chromosome identification SO CHROMOSOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE fluorescent in-situ hybridization; heterochromatin; holocentric chromosomes; repetitive DNA; Rhipicephalus microplus ID HOLOCENTRIC CHROMOSOMES; MEIOTIC PROPHASE; BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; MYZUS-PERSICAE; IXODIDAE; ACARI; SIZE; HETEROCHROMATIN; ORGANIZATION AB Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) using meiotic chromosome preparations and highly repetitive DNA from the southern cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus, was undertaken to investigate genome organization. Several classes of highly repetitive DNA elements were identified by screening a R. microplus bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library. A repeat unit of approximately 149 bp, RMR-1 was localized to the subtelomeric regions of R. microplus autosomes 1-6 and 8-10. A second repeat unit, RMR-2 was localized to the subtelomeric regions of all autosomes and the X chromosome. RMR-2 was composed of three distinct repeat populations, RMR-2a, RMR-2b and RMR-2c of 178, 177 and 216 bp in length, respectively. Localization of an rDNA probe identified a single nucleolar organizing region on one autosome. Using a combination of labeled probes, we developed a preliminary karyotype for R. microplus. We present evidence that R. microplus has holocentric chromosomes and explore the implications of these findings for tick chromosome biology and genomic research. C1 [Hill, Catherine A.; Van Zee, Janice P.; Geraci, Nicholas S.; Stuart, Jeffrey J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guerrero, Felix D.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Walling, Jason G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hill, CA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM hillca@purdue.edu OI Geraci, Nicholas/0000-0003-4294-9188 FU USDA-ARS [58-6205-4-008] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS cooperative agreement no. 58-6205-4-008 to C.A.H. and J.J.S. The authors thank S. A. Jackson and two anonymous reviewers for insightful review of this manuscript. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0967-3849 J9 CHROMOSOME RES JI Chromosome Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 17 IS 1 BP 77 EP 89 DI 10.1007/s10577-008-9003-0 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 418UN UT WOS:000264175000007 PM 19221885 ER PT J AU de Souza, LFL Silva, A Freitas, CMB de Freitas, EC Flores, EF de Almeida, MR Moraes, MP AF Lourenco de Souza, Luiz Felipe Silva Junior, Abelardo Batista de Freitas, Carla Maria de Freitas, Ethel Cardoso Flores, Eduardo Furtado de Almeida, Marcia Rogeria Moraes, Mauro Pires TI Immunogenicity of bovine herpesvirus 5 isolates as vaccine candidates SO CIENCIA RURAL LA Portuguese DT Article DE bovine herpesvirus 5; bovine menigoencephalitis; seroneutralization; vaccines ID TYPE-5; VIRUS; CATTLE AB Herpesvirus bovine 5 (BoHV-5) is the agent of bovine herpetic menigoencephalitis. The neurological disease associated with the infection is highly lethal in young cattle and it is widespread in Brazil. Control of the clinical signs caused by herpesviruses is based mainly on the immunization of cattle. A comparative study was performed among Brazilian BoHV-5 isolates to select the more antigenic virus. Inactivated vaccines were formulated using isolates ISO9898292, SV507, SV163, 1807 and EV1145 and administered to five groups of 10 sheep, each animal receiving two intramuscular closes with a 21 days interval. Blood collection for serology by virusneutralization were performed until the 63(rd) day after the first vaccination, two peaks in the curve of antibodies were observed, the first oil day 14, ranged from 23.1 to 138.6. The second peak was observed 14 days after the booster, and ranged from 301.3 to 1017.5. In the 42(nd) day after the booster it was observed a titer variation from 82.4 to 305.9. The differences among antibody titers of each group of suggests a lower antigenicity of isolate ISO9898292 in comparison with the others, demonstrating a possible antigenic variation among the isolates. Thus, all isolates, with exception of ISO9898292, were immunogenic for the induction of neutralizing antibodies. C1 [Lourenco de Souza, Luiz Felipe; Silva Junior, Abelardo; de Almeida, Marcia Rogeria] Univ Fed Vicosa, Inst Biotecnol Aplicada & Agropecuaria BIOAGRO, Lab Infectol Mol Anim, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Batista de Freitas, Carla Maria; de Freitas, Ethel Cardoso] Vallee SA Biotecnol Vet, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil. [Flores, Eduardo Furtado] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Vet Prevent Med, BR-97119900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. [Moraes, Mauro Pires] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP de Almeida, MR (reprint author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Inst Biotecnol Aplicada & Agropecuaria BIOAGRO, Lab Infectol Mol Anim, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. EM marcia@ufv.br RI flores, eduardo/H-5125-2016 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV FEDERAL SANTA MARIA PI SANTA MARIA PA UNIV FEDERAL SANTA MARIA, SANTA MARIA, RS 97105.9, BRAZIL SN 0103-8478 J9 CIENC RURAL JI Cienc. Rural PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 39 IS 1 BP 167 EP 172 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 409JG UT WOS:000263501400026 ER PT J AU Concilio, A Chen, JQ Ma, S North, M AF Concilio, Amy Chen, Jiquan Ma, Siyan North, Malcolm TI Precipitation drives interannual variation in summer soil respiration in a Mediterranean-climate, mixed-conifer forest SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SIERRA-NEVADA ECOTONE; DOMINANT PATCH TYPES; SUB-ALPINE FOREST; WEATHERED BEDROCK; CARBON-DIOXIDE; INTERIOR ALASKA; HIGH-ELEVATION; CO2 EVOLUTION; PINE FOREST; OLD-GROWTH AB Predictions of future climate change rely on models of how both environmental conditions and disturbance impact carbon cycling at various temporal and spatial scales. Few multi-year studies, however, have examined how carbon efflux is affected by the interaction of disturbance and interannual climate variation. We measured daytime soil respiration (R (s)) over five summers (June-September) in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest on undisturbed plots and plots manipulated with thinning, burning and their combination. We compared mean summer R (s) by year with seasonal precipitation. On undisturbed plots we found that winter precipitation (PPT(w)) explained between 77-96% of interannual variability in summer R (s). In contrast, spring and summer precipitation had no significant effect on summer R (s). PPT(w) is an important influence on summer R (s) in the Sierra Nevada because over 80% of annual precipitation falls as snow between October and April, thus greatly influencing the soil water conditions during the following growing season. Thinning and burning disrupted the relationship between PPT(w) and R(s), possibly because of significant increases in soil moisture and temperature as tree density and canopy cover decreased. Our findings suggest that R (s) in some moisture-limited ecosystems may be significantly influenced by annual snowpack and that management practices which reduce tree densities and soil moisture stress may offset, at least temporarily, the effect of predicted decreases in Sierran snowpack on R (s). C1 [Concilio, Amy] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Concilio, Amy] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Ma, Siyan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [North, Malcolm] USFS Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Concilio, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM aconcili@ucsc.edu RI Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009 FU USFS Sierra Nevada Research Center FX This study was supported by the USFS Sierra Nevada Research Center, Davis, CA, USA. We thank field crews for help with data collection and the Pacific Gas and Electric for the use of their precipitation data. Constructive comments and suggestions from the associate editor and three anonymous reviewers, members of the Landscape Ecology and Ecosystem Science Laboratory at the University of Toledo, and of the Loik and Cheng laboratories at the University of California, Santa Cruz were all helpful in revising various drafts of this paper and were much appreciated. NR 55 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JAN PY 2009 VL 92 IS 1-2 BP 109 EP 122 DI 10.1007/s10584-008-9475-0 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 393SJ UT WOS:000262392900008 ER PT J AU Mohan, P Abrams, SA AF Mohan, Pammi Abrams, Steven A. TI Oral lactoferrin for the treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates SO COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; BOVINE LACTOFERRIN; RESEARCH NETWORK; VIRUS VIREMIA; INFECTIONS; BACTERIA; INFANTS; PEPTIDE; DEFENSE AB Background Neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) cause significant neonatal mortality and morbidity in spite of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Enhancing host defence and modulating inflammation by using lactoferrin as an adjunct to antibiotics in the treatment of sepsis and/or NEC may improve clinical outcomes. Objectives The primary objective is to assess safety and efficacy of oral lactoferrin as an adjunct to antibiotics in the treatment of neonates with suspected or confirmed sepsis and/or NEC. Search strategy Relevant trials in any language were searched in June 2008 in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE (1966-June 2008), PREMEDLINE, EMBASE (1980-June 2008), CINAHL (1982-June 2008), web sites: www.clinicaltrials.govandwww.controlled-trials.com, abstracts from the annual meeting of Pediatric Academic Societies (1990-June 2008), by contacting authors who have published in this field, from the reference lists of identified clinical trials and in the reviewer's personal files. Selection criteria Randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials evaluating oral lactoferrin (at any dose or duration) used as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy compared with antibiotic therapy alone (with or without placebo) or other adjuncts to antibiotic therapy to treat neonates at any gestational age up to 44 weeks postmenstrual age with confirmed or suspected sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis (Bell's Stage II or III). Data collection and analysis We used the standardized methods of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group (CNRG) for conducting a systematic review and for assessing the methodological quality of the studies (http://neonatal.cochrane.org/en/index.html). The titles and the abstracts of studies identified by the search strategy were independently assessed by the two review authors and full text version was obtained for assessment if necessary. Forms were designed for trial inclusion/exclusion and data extraction. Main results Our search strategy did not identify any eligible trials or potentially eligible ongoing neonatal trials. One trial was excluded and three ongoing or soon to be started adult trials using lactoferrin for the treatment of infections were identified. Authors' conclusions Implications for practice: Currently there is no evidence to recommend or refute the use of lactoferrin for the treatment of neonatal sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy. Implications for research: The safety and efficacy of different preparations and doses of lactoferrin needs to be established in neonates. Well designed adequately powered randomized multicenter trials are needed to address the efficacy and safety of lactoferrin in the treatment of neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis. These trials should evaluate long-term neurodevelopmental and pulmonary outcomes in addition to short-term outcomes ( e. g. mortality). C1 [Mohan, Pammi] Baylor Coll Med, Sect Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Abrams, Steven A.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Mohan, P (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Sect Neonatol, 6621 Fannin,MC WT 6-104, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mohanv@bcm.tmc.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1469-493X J9 COCHRANE DB SYST REV JI Cochrane Database Syst Rev. PY 2009 IS 1 AR CD007138 DI 10.1002/14651858.CD007138.pub2 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 402TG UT WOS:000263035400015 PM 19160324 ER PT J AU Tachajapong, W Lozano, J Mahalingam, S Zhou, XY Weise, DR AF Tachajapong, Watcharapong Lozano, Jesse Mahalingam, Shankar Zhou, Xiangyang Weise, David R. TI Experimental and Numerical Modeling of Shrub Crown Fire Initiation SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Crown fire; Transition ID SPREADING SURFACE FIRE; WIND; FUEL; IGNITION; FLAME; HEAT; BEHAVIOR; SLOPE; WOOD AB The transition of fire from dry surface fuels to wet shrub crown fuels was studied using laboratory experiments and a simple physical model to gain a better understanding of the transition process. In the experiments, we investigated the effects of varying vertical distances between surface and crown fuels (crown base height), and of the wind speed on crown fire initiation. The experimental setup was designed to model an isolated clump of crown fuel such as a single tree or group of shrubs. Three wind velocities (0, 1.5, and 1.8ms-1) and three crown base heights (0.20, 0.30, and 0.40m) were used. Crown fuel (solid) and the air temperature within the elevated fuel bed were measured. Crown bulk density and fuel moisture content were held constant in all the experiments. As crown base height increased, crown fire initiation success decreased. Non-zero wind speeds reduced crown fire initiation success because of reduced heating. A simple physical model based on convective and radiative heat exchanges was developed to predict crown fire initiation above a surface fire. The predicted results for different wind speeds and crown base heights were in good agreement with the experimental measurements. Because of its relative simplicity and inclusion of basic physics, it is anticipated that the model can be readily applied and/or adapted to model diverse fuel configurations. C1 [Tachajapong, Watcharapong; Lozano, Jesse; Mahalingam, Shankar; Zhou, Xiangyang] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Mech Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Weise, David R.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Forest Fire Lab, Riverside, CA USA. RP Tachajapong, W (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. EM wtacha@chiangmai.ac.th RI Mahalingam, Shankar/K-6746-2015; OI Mahalingam, Shankar/0000-0002-4543-7201 NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 181 IS 4 BP 618 EP 640 AR PII 909775684 DI 10.1080/00102200802693617 PG 23 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 423FA UT WOS:000264481000004 ER PT J AU He, ZQ Waldrip, HW Honeycutt, CW Erich, MS Senwo, ZN AF He, Zhongqi Waldrip, Heidi W. Honeycutt, C. Wayne Erich, M. Susan Senwo, Zachary N. TI Enzymatic Quantification of Phytate in Animal Manure SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Soil and Plant Analysis CY JUN 11-15, 2007 CL Budapest, HUNGARY DE Poultry manure; dairy manure; phytic acid; phosphorus ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; PHOSPHORUS FORMS; PHYTIC-ACID; INOSITOL PHOSPHATES; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; HYDROLYSIS; FRACTIONATION; PERFORMANCE; SEEDS AB Phytate (inositol hexaphosphate) has been identified as a major organic phosphorus (P) form in soil, animal manure, and other environmental samples. Although a number of methods are available for quantitative isolation and determination of phytate, they are time-consuming and not amenable to routine analysis. We developed a simple, rapid method for enzymatic determination of phytate in animal manure. Animal manure was extracted by H2O, 1M hydrochloric acid (HCl), 0.1M sodium acetate (NaOAc, pH5.0) with or without 0.05M ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), and 0.25M or 0.5M sodium hydroxide (NaOH)-0.05M EDTA. Extracts were diluted (1/10-1/150) and adjusted to pH5.0 in sodium acetate buffer. The diluted extracts were then incubated at 37 C for 1h in the absence and presence of fungal 3-phytase (PHY) and potato acid phosphatase (PAP). Enzymatic hydrolyzable organic P was calculated as the difference in inorganic P (Pi) between the mixtures with and without enzymes. Our data indicated that enzymatic incubation of properly diluted and pH-adjusted HCl or NaOH/EDTA extracts released phytate P. The complementary substrate specificity of the two enzymes is considered to enhance the effectiveness of enzymatic hydrolysis. Consequently, we recommend this method of combining PAP and PHY for quantifying phytate P. Additional research is being conducted to verify the effectiveness of this method for general use across a wider range of soils and manures. C1 [He, Zhongqi; Waldrip, Heidi W.; Honeycutt, C. Wayne] ARS, USDA, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Erich, M. Susan] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME USA. [Senwo, Zachary N.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM Zhongqi.He@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 19 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 1-6 BP 566 EP 575 AR PII 909557156 DI 10.1080/00103620802647116 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 419KS UT WOS:000264218900042 ER PT J AU He, ZQ Honeycutt, CW Tazisong, IA Senwo, ZN Zhang, DL AF He, Zhongqi Honeycutt, C. Wayne Tazisong, Irenus A. Senwo, Zachary N. Zhang, Donglin TI Nitrogen and Phosphorus Accumulation in Pasture Soil from Repeated Poultry Litter Application SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Soil and Plant Analysis CY JUN 11-15, 2007 CL Budapest, HUNGARY ID SOUTHERN PIEDMONT USA; TERM LAND APPLICATION; BROILER LITTER; BERMUDAGRASS MANAGEMENT; CARBON; IMPACT; MANURE; TRACE AB Poultry litter (PL) is a traditionally inexpensive and effective fertilizer to improve soil quality and agricultural productivity. However, over application to soil has raised concern because excess nutrients in runoff could accelerate the eutrophication of fresh water. In this work, we determined the contents of total phosphorus (P), Mehlich 3 extracted P, total nitrogen (N), ammonium (NH4)-N, and nitrate (NO3)-N, in pasture soils receiving annual poultry litter applications of 0, 2.27, 2.27, 3.63, and 1.36Mg/ha/ yr, respectively, for 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 years. Samples were collected from three soil depths (0-20, 20-40, and 40-60cm) of the Hartsells series (fine-loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic, Typic Hapludults) on a 3-8% slope in the Sand Mountain region of north Alabama. PL application increased levels of total P, Mehlich-3 extractable P, and total N significantly. However, the change in NH4-N and NO3-N contents by the PL application was not statistically significant. Correlation analysis indicated that the contents of total P, Mehlich 3 extracted P, and total N were more related to cumulative amounts of poultry litter applied than the years of application or annual application rates alone. This observation suggested that N and P from poultry litter accumulated in soil. Predicting the build-up based on the cumulative amounts of PL application, rather than isolated factors (i.e., application year or rate), would improve the accuracy of evaluating long-term impacts of poultry litter application on soil nutrient levels. C1 [He, Zhongqi; Honeycutt, C. Wayne] ARS, USDA, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Tazisong, Irenus A.; Senwo, Zachary N.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Zhang, Donglin] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME USA. [Zhang, Donglin] Cent S Forestry Univ, Coll Resource & Environm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM Zhongqi.He@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 22 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 1-6 BP 587 EP 598 AR PII 909554273 DI 10.1080/00103620902861971 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 419KS UT WOS:000264218900044 ER PT J AU Alva, AK AF Alva, A. K. TI Effects of Various Preplant and In-Season Nitrogen Management Practices for Potatoes on Plant and Soil Nitrogen Status SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Soil and Plant Analysis CY JUN 11-15, 2007 CL Budapest, HUNGARY DE Ammonium; best management practice; Nitrate; nitrogen losses; nitrogen requirement; petiole nitrogen; tuber quality ID PETIOLE SAP NITRATE AB Adequate availability of nitrogen (N) to satisfy potato crop N requirement is critical for production of optimal tuber yields with high processing qualities, which will contribute to maximum net returns. The agroclimatic conditions in the Columbia Basin region in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) supports high potato tuber yields with high processing qualities. Best management of N fertilization is important to increase N uptake efficiency and to minimize N losses. Monitoring soil and petiole N provides a basis to evaluate available N in the soil and N status in the plants. This study was conducted on a Quincy fine sand (mixed, mesic Xeric Torripsamments; 95% sand) using 'Ranger Russet' potato cultivar. Potato followed by 2 years of sweet corn rotation was adapted in this study. Treatments included the following preplant (PP) + in-season (IS) N rates in kgha-1: (i) 56 + 280, (ii) 112 + 224, or (iii) 112 + 336 in 2004 or 112 + 112 in 2005. The IS N was applied in five equally divided doses at 2-week intervals, 3 weeks after seedling emergence. An additional treatment was included with treatment (ii) N rates, except that IS N was delivered in 10 weekly applications. Total tuber yield ranged from 54 to 64 and 78 to 90Mgha-1, respectively, in 2004 and 2005. In 2004, during the first 65 days after emergence (DAE), petiole nitrate (NO3) concentration was lower in the treatment (i) than that in the other treatments. This difference was not evident in 2005. The petiole NO3 concentrations were lower in 2005 than that in 2004, particularly during latter part of the growing period. Soil available N [nitrate NO3-N + ammonium (NH4) N in the top 30cm] concentrations were also greater in 2004 than those in 2005. Soil N appeared to increase toward the end of the growing season in 2004, which has negative effects on tuber yield and quality. Across all treatments, total tuber yield and that of 340-g grade tubers were greater in 2005 than that in 2004. C1 ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Alva, AK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM Ashok.alva@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 1-6 BP 649 EP 659 AR PII 909555876 DI 10.1080/00103620802646829 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 419KS UT WOS:000264218900049 ER PT J AU Balkcom, KS Blackmer, AM Hansen, DJ AF Balkcom, K. S. Blackmer, A. M. Hansen, D. J. TI Measuring Soil Nitrogen Mineralization under Field Conditions SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Dribbled; injected; swine manure ID RESIDUE DECOMPOSITION; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; POULTRY MANURE; CORN; AVAILABILITY; IMMOBILIZATION; NITRATE; WASTES; CARBON; YIELDS AB Land application of animal manure is known to alter rates of nitrogen (N) mineralization in soils, but quantitative information concerning intensity and duration of these effects has been difficult to obtain under field conditions. We estimated net effects of manure on N mineralization in soils under field conditions in a completely randomized design, at six field sites, by comparing liquid swine (Sus scrofa) manure treatments to plots receiving no manure. Soil samples were collected immediately after manure application to determine inorganic N concentrations, and those samples were also incubated 28d in the laboratory to determine amounts of N mineralized from the soil. Analyses and incubation were repeated on a second set of samples collected after various times, depending on the site. Differences in inorganic N concentrations were significant among treatments at all six locations for the first sampling and five of the six locations for the second sampling. In comparison, significant differences in inorganic N concentrations measured after 28d of laboratory incubation were observed for only two of the six sites for each sampling time. Our results illustrate how to distinguish between the effects manure has on rates of N mineralization in soils and rates at which manure N is mineralized. C1 [Balkcom, K. S.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Blackmer, A. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. [Hansen, D. J.] Univ Delaware, Res & Educ Ctr, Delaware, OH USA. RP Balkcom, KS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM kip.balkcom@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 7-8 BP 1073 EP 1086 AR PII 910158513 DI 10.1080/00103620902753731 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 428CE UT WOS:000264824800003 ER PT J AU Bolster, CH Sistani, KR AF Bolster, Carl H. Sistani, Karamat R. TI Sorption of Phosphorus from Swine, Dairy, and Poultry Manures SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Animal manure; phosphorus sorption; PSI; single-point isotherms ID ORGANIC-MATTER; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; PHOSPHATE SORPTION; DESORPTION CHARACTERISTICS; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; SPODIC HORIZON; WATER-QUALITY; ANIMAL WASTES; ALUMINUM AB In most phosphorus (P) sorption studies, P is added as an inorganic salt to a predefined background solution such as calcium chloride (CaCl2) or potassium chloride (KCl); however, in many regions, the application of P to agricultural fields is in the form of animal manure. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to compare the sorption behavior of dissolved reactive P (DRP) in monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4)-amended CaCl2 and KCl solutions with sorption behavior of DRP in three different animal manure extracts. Phosphorus single-point isotherms (PSI) were conducted on eight soils with the following solutions: KH2PO4-amended 0.01M CaCl2 solution, KH2PO4-amended 0.03M KCl solution, water-extracted dairy manure, water-extracted poultry litter, and swine lagoon effluent. The PSI values for the dairy manure extract were significantly lower than the CaCl2 solution for all eight soils and lower than the KCl solution for six soils. The PSI values were significantly higher, on the other hand, for poultry litter extract and swine effluent than the inorganic solutions in four and five of the soils, respectively. Our observations that the sorption of DRP in manure solutions differs significantly from that of KH2PO4-amended CaCl2 and KCl solutions indicates that manure application rates based on sorption data collected from inorganic P salt experiments may be inaccurate. C1 [Bolster, Carl H.; Sistani, Karamat R.] USDA ARS, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. RP Bolster, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM carl.bolster@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 7-8 BP 1106 EP 1123 AR PII 910158119 DI 10.1080/00103620902753822 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 428CE UT WOS:000264824800005 ER PT J AU Fageria, NK Baligar, VC Li, YC AF Fageria, N. K. Baligar, V. C. Li, Y. C. TI Differential Soil Acidity Tolerance of Tropical Legume Cover Crops SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Base saturation; Oxisol; shoot dry weight; soil pH ID CULTIVARS; ALUMINUM AB In tropical regions, soil acidity and low soil fertility are the most important yield-limiting factors for sustainable crop production. Using legume cover crops as mulch is an important strategy not only to protect the soil loss from erosion but also to ameliorate soil fertility. Information is limited regarding tolerances of tropical legume cover crops to acid soils. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the differential tolerance of 14 tropical legume cover crops to soil acidity. The acidity treatments were high (0g lime kg-1 soil), medium (3.3g lime kg-1 soil), and low (8.3g lime kg-1 soil). Shoot dry weight of cover crops were significantly affected by acidity treatments. Maximum shoot dry weight was produced at high acidity. Jack bean, black mucuna, and gray mucuna bean species were most tolerant to soil acidity, whereas Brazilian lucern and tropical kudzu were most susceptible to soil acidity. Overall, optimal soil acidity indices were pH5.5, hydrogen (H)+ aluminum (Al) 6.8cmolc kg-1, base saturation 25%, and acidity saturation 74.7%. Species with higher seed weight had higher tolerance to soil acidity than those with lower seed weight. Hence, seed weight was associated with acidity tolerance in tropical legume species. C1 [Fageria, N. K.] EMBRAPA, Natl Rice & Bean Res Ctr, BR-75375000 Santo Antonio De Goias, Go, Brazil. [Baligar, V. C.] USDA ARS, Perennial Crops Res Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Li, Y. C.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Res & Educ Ctr, Homestead, FL USA. RP Fageria, NK (reprint author), EMBRAPA, Natl Rice & Bean Res Ctr, Caixa Postal 179, BR-75375000 Santo Antonio De Goias, Go, Brazil. EM fageria@cnpaf.embrapa.br NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 7-8 BP 1148 EP 1160 AR PII 910158199 DI 10.1080/00103620902754127 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 428CE UT WOS:000264824800008 ER PT J AU Dell, CJ AF Dell, Curtis J. TI Potential for Quantification of Biologically Active Soil Carbon with Potassium Permanganate SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Active soil C; carbon dioxide; potassium permanganate AB Oxidation of soils with 333mM potassium permanganate (KMnO4) has been identified as a means to quantify labile soil carbon (C) and may have potential for rapid measurement of biologically active soil C. In the current study, active C pools in several soils were estimated by oxidation with a range of KMnO4 concentrations and compared to estimates determined from carbon dioxide evolution during 28-d incubations. Digestion with 333mM KMnO4 identified larger active C pools than did incubation data. However, shaking soils for 15min with 2.5mM KMnO4 provided estimates of active C that accounted for 1.5 to 1.9% of the total C pools and were not significantly different than those estimated using incubation data. Oxidation with dilute KMnO4 appears to be feasible to rapidly quantify active soil C pools. However, measurements are dependent on KMnO4 concentration and shaking time, so great care is needed to assure consistent results. C1 USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16803 USA. RP Dell, CJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16803 USA. EM Curtis.Dell@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 9-10 BP 1604 EP 1609 AR PII 910959956 DI 10.1080/00103620902831685 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 442QY UT WOS:000265856900014 ER PT J AU Wienhold, BJ Varvel, GE Wilhelm, WW AF Wienhold, Brian J. Varvel, Gary E. Wilhelm, W. W. TI Container and Installation Time Effects on Soil Moisture, Temperature, and Inorganic Nitrogen Retention for an in situ Nitrogen Mineralization Method SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Corn; mineralization; nitrogen; Zea mays L. ID ION-EXCHANGE RESIN; CORN; RECOVERY; ROTATION; MANURE; RATES; CROP AB Mineralization contributes significantly to agronomic nitrogen (N) budgets and is difficult to accurately predict. Models for predicting N-mineralization contributions are needed, and development of these models will require field-based data. In situ mineralization methods are intended to quantify N mineralization under ambient environmental conditions. This study was conducted to compare soil moisture and temperature in intact soil cores contained in cylinders to those in adjacent bulk soil, compare the effect of two resin-bag techniques on water content of soil within cylinders, and assess the effect of installation duration on inorganic N retention by resins. The study was conducted at a dryland conventionally tilled corn (Zea mays L.) site and an irrigated no-tillage corn site in eastern Nebraska. Soil in cylinders was slightly wetter (<0.05 g g(-1)) and warmer (<1 degrees C) than adjacent soil. Soil water content was, <80% water-filled pore space (WFPS) at all sampling times and differed little between the two resin-bag techniques. Greater soil water content and temperature conditions (though small) observed during most of the study period likely enhanced N mineralization within the cylinder compared to N mineralization in adjacent bulk soil, but the magnitude is likely much less than core-to-core variation normally observed in a field. Installing cylinders for more than 60 days resulted in loss of inorganic N from resins. Care is needed during installation to ensure that compaction of soil below the cylinder does not impede water movement through the intact soil core. The in situ method utilizing intact soil cores and resin bags replaced at 28- to 40-day intervals is a viable method for measuring N mineralization. C1 [Wienhold, Brian J.; Varvel, Gary E.; Wilhelm, W. W.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, AMRU, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Wienhold, BJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, AMRU, 279 Plant Sci,East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Brian.Wienhold@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 EI 1532-2416 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 13-14 BP 2044 EP 2057 DI 10.1080/00103620902960575 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 552JE UT WOS:000274285100005 ER PT J AU Jaradat, AA Johnson, JMF Weyers, SL Barbour, NW AF Jaradat, Abdullah A. Johnson, Jane M. -F. Weyers, Sharon L. Barbour, Nancy W. TI Determinants and Prediction of Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio in Five Diverse Crop Plants SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Artificial neural networks; C; N ratio; discriminant analysis; predictive models; variance components ID NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; RESIDUE DECOMPOSITION; BIOCHEMICAL QUALITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; N MINERALIZATION; CARBON; SOIL; SIMULATION; RELEASE; RATES AB Multivariate relationships in and statistical moments of eight biochemical constituents and their impact on estimating carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio in alfalfa, corn, soybean, cuphea, and switchgrass residues indicate that (1) equal portions of variation in C/N were explained by differences among crops and among organs; however, the largest variations in N and C were explained by differences among crops and among organs within crops, respectively; (2) variation in N, but not in C or N + C, content explained the greatest variance in C/N ratios; (3) biochemically, stems were closer to roots than to leaves; hence the large portion of variation in C/N ratio in roots explained by variation in biochemical constituents in stems and leaves (R2 = 61.0%) and in stems only (R2 = 58.0%); and (4) statistical moments, other than mean values of biochemical constituents, significantly impacted C/N ratio estimates and the reliability of these estimates, both of which were positively correlated (r = 0.64, p 0.001). C1 [Jaradat, Abdullah A.; Johnson, Jane M. -F.; Weyers, Sharon L.; Barbour, Nancy W.] USDA Agricultural Research Service, Morris, MN USA. [Jaradat, Abdullah A.; Johnson, Jane M. -F.; Weyers, Sharon L.; Barbour, Nancy W.] USDA ARS, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Jaradat, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM abdullah.jaradat@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Jane/0000-0002-1687-4007 NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 17-18 BP 2688 EP 2711 AR PII 915367175 DI 10.1080/00103620903173756 PG 24 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 552JI UT WOS:000274285500004 ER PT J AU Codling, EE AF Codling, Eton E. TI Effect of Flooding Lead Arsenate-Contaminated Orchard Soil on Growth and Arsenic and Lead Accumulation in Rice SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Heavy metal; pesticide; soil contamination ID BANGLADESH; CADMIUM; PHOSPHORUS; ZINC; IRON; GROUNDWATER; VEGETABLES; RESIDUES; SORPTION; COMPOST AB Lead arsenate has been used as pesticide. Flooding soils contaminated by lead arsenate could increase plant arsenic and lead and become a human health risk. The objective was to determine the effects of flooding of lead-arsenate soils on rice grain yield and arsenic and lead accumulation. Bagstown and Chashmont soils with high levels of arsenic and lead were planted with rice in the greenhouse under flooded and nonflooded conditions. Flooding reduced grain yield and increased grain arsenic concentration on both soils. Grain lead decreased with flooding for the Bagstown soil but increased for the Chashmont. Arsenic and lead concentrations in the straw were more than in grain. Grain arsenic and lead levels observed would not be expected to become a human health risk. However, bioavailability studies are needed. The high arsenic and lead in the straw may indirectly become a human health risk because rice straw is used for livestock feed and bedding. C1 USDA ARS, Environm Management & By Prod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Codling, EE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Management & By Prod Utilizat Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM eton.codling@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 25 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 17-18 BP 2800 EP 2815 AR PII 915367645 DI 10.1080/00103620903173822 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 552JI UT WOS:000274285500011 ER PT J AU Hobbie, EA Hoff, CJ Bryce, JG Colpaert, JV Hallett, RA AF Hobbie, Erik A. Hoff, Claire J. Bryce, Julia G. Colpaert, Jan V. Hallett, Richard A. TI Nutrient Supply Rate and Mycorrhizal Colonization Control Patterns of Element Distribution in Ectomycorrhizal Pine SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Exponential growth; fungal weathering; mineral leaching; organic acids; plant nutrient supply; Scots pine; Suillus luteus; Thelephora terrestris ID SYLVESTRIS SEEDLINGS; IN-VITRO; EXTRAMATRICAL MYCELIUM; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; ISOTOPE PATTERNS; CALCIUM-OXALATE; MG2+ DEFICIENCY; SOIL SOLUTION; OXALIC-ACID AB Ectomycorrhizal fungi may provide plants access to nonexchangeable nutrients. We measured nutrients (potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, and aluminum) in roots and foliage in nonmycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris cultured in perlite at two nutrient supply levels. We also measured nutrients in perlite leachates from abiotic experiments using hydrochloric or oxalic acid at pH2-4. Twenty-one percent more potassium and 30% more calcium accumulated in nonmycorrhizal plants than in ectomycorrhizal plants, presumably because of nutrient sequestration in extraradical fungal biomass. Plants at low nutrient supply accumulated 22% more potassium and 23% more calcium than at high nutrient supply, presumably because of additional mobilization of nutrients from perlite by plant and fungal acids. Significantly more leaching at pH2 with oxalic than with hydrochloric acid occurred, probably caused by enhanced ligand-mediated dissolution with oxalic acid. Leaching of minerals by organic acids may enhance plant nutrient supply, particularly from microsites of low pH. C1 [Hobbie, Erik A.; Hoff, Claire J.] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Hoff, Claire J.; Bryce, Julia G.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Earth Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Colpaert, Jan V.] Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, Diepenbeek, Belgium. [Hallett, Richard A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA. RP Hobbie, EA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Morse Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM erik.hobbie@unh.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0236727, DEB-0411404] FX Support from the National Science Foundation (DEB-0236727 to E. H. and DEB-0411404 to E. H. and J. B.) is gratefully acknowledged, as is the assistance of Melissa Sytek during sample analysis and the comments of several anonymous reviewers. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2009 VL 40 IS 21-22 BP 3503 EP 3523 AR PII 917333220 DI 10.1080/00103620903326032 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 552JN UT WOS:000274286100020 ER PT J AU Bolton, JJ Soliman, KM Wilkins, TA Jenkins, JN AF Bolton, James J. Soliman, Khairy M. Wilkins, Thea A. Jenkins, Johnie N. TI Aberrant Expression of Critical Genes during Secondary Cell Wall Biogenesis in a Cotton Mutant, Ligon Lintless-1 (Li-1) SO COMPARATIVE AND FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L; FIBER DEVELOPMENT; GAMMA-TUBULIN; SUCROSE SYNTHASE; MICROTUBULE ORGANIZATION; CRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; ARABIDOPSIS; ELONGATION; INITIATION; GENOME AB Over ninety percent of the value of cotton comes from its fiber; however, the genetic mechanisms governing fiber development are poorly understood. Due to their biochemical and morphological diversity in fiber cells cotton fiber mutants have been useful in examining fiber development; therefore, using the Ligon Lintless (Li-1) mutant, a monogenic dominant cotton mutant with very short fibers, we employed the high throughput approaches of microarray technology and real time PCR to gain insights into what genes were critical during the secondary cell wall synthesis stage. Comparative transcriptome analysis of the normal TM-1 genotype and the near isogenic Li-1 revealed that over 100 transcripts were differentially expressed at least 2-fold during secondary wall biogenesis, although the genetic profile of the expansion phase showed no significant differences in the isolines. Of particular note, we identified three candidate gene families-expansin, sucrose synthase, and tubulin-whose expression in Li-1 deviates from normal expression patterns of its parent, TM-1. These genes may contribute to retarded growth of fibers in Li-1 since they are fiber-expressed structural and metabolic genes. This work provides more details into the mechanisms of fiber development, and suggests the Li gene is active during the later stages of fiber development. Copyright (C) 2009 James J. Bolton et al. C1 [Bolton, James J.; Soliman, Khairy M.] Univ Alabama, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Bolton, James J.] USDA ARS, Plant Microbe Interact Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wilkins, Thea A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Jenkins, Johnie N.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Soliman, KM (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. EM khairy.soliman@aamu.edu FU NSF/EPSCoR [05026]; Cotton Incorporated Award [05-642AL] FX The authors would like to recognize Drs. Madgy S. Alabady and Zhengdao Wu for their assistance with the microarrays and qRT-PCR analysis of selected targets and their useful suggestions and critical reading of the manuscript. This research was a collaborative effort by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Alabama A& M University, and USDA-ARS Crop Science Research Lab, MSU, contributed by Agricultural Experiment, Station, Alabama A & M University Station. This research was funded by NSF/EPSCoR Grant no. 05026 and Cotton Incorporated Award no. 05-642AL to K. M. Soliman. They also like to acknowledge financial assistance from Title III and USDA/ARS to James J. Bolton. NR 42 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1531-6912 J9 COMP FUNCT GENOM JI Compar. Funct. Genom. PY 2009 AR 659301 DI 10.1155/2009/659301 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 559LN UT WOS:000274826400001 PM 20148073 ER PT J AU Ma, JB Chen, XM Wang, MN Kang, ZS AF Ma, Jinbiao Chen, Xianming Wang, Meinan Kang, Zhensheng TI Constructing Physical and Genomic Maps for Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici, the Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen, by Comparing Its EST Sequences to the Genomic Sequence of P. graminis f. sp tritici, the Wheat Stem Rust Pathogen SO COMPARATIVE AND FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; MOUSE GENOME; GENES; PSEUDOGENES; EXPRESSION; GENERATION; HAUSTORIA; SEARCH; FUNGI; EXON AB The wheat stripe rust fungus, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), does not have a known alternate host for sexual reproduction, which makes it impossible to study gene linkages through classic genetic and molecular mapping approaches. In this study, we compared 4,219 Pst expression sequence tags (ESTs) to the genomic sequence of P. graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), the wheat stem rust fungus, using BLAST searches. The percentages of homologous genes varied greatly among different Pst libraries with 54.51%, 51.21%, and 13.61% for the urediniospore, germinated urediniospore, and haustorial libraries, respectively, with an average of 33.92%. The 1,432 Pst genes with significant homology with Pgt sequences were grouped into physical groups corresponding to 237 Pgt supercontigs. The physical relationship was demonstrated by 12 pairs (57%), out of 21 selected Pst gene pairs, through PCR screening of a Pst BAC library. The results indicate that the Pgt genome sequence is useful in constructing Pst physical maps. Copyright (C) 2009 Jinbiao Ma et al. C1 [Ma, Jinbiao; Chen, Xianming; Wang, Meinan] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ma, Jinbiao] NW A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xianming] USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kang, Zhensheng] NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu RI Zhao, jing/B-7349-2008; WANG, Meinan/P-5671-2014 OI WANG, Meinan/0000-0001-9595-3995 FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5348-22000-014-00D]; Washington Wheat Commission [13C-3061-3923]; Vogel Foundation [13Z-3061-3824]; PPNS [0534]; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center [WNP00823]; Washington State University, Pullman, WA [99164-6430]; China Scholarship Council; Northwest A&F University Plant Pathology FX This research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Project no. 5348-22000-014-00D), Washington Wheat Commission (Project no. 13C-3061-3923), and Vogel Foundation (Project no. 13Z-3061-3824). The authors would like to thank the support of PPNS no. 0534, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, Project no. WNP00823, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA. The authors thank Drs. Chuntao Yin and Scot Hulbert for providing the haustoria sequences and Drs. Axel Elling and Lee Hadwiger for critical review of the manuscript. The scholarship from China Scholarship Council to JinbiaoMa is appreciated. The research is also part of the Northwest A&F University Plant Pathology "111" Project. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1531-6912 J9 COMP FUNCT GENOM JI Compar. Funct. Genom. PY 2009 AR 302620 DI 10.1155/2009/302620 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 559LF UT WOS:000274825600001 PM 20169145 ER PT J AU Ramsay, TG Caperna, TJ AF Ramsay, T. G. Caperna, T. J. TI Ontogeny of adipokine expression in neonatal pig adipose tissue SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adipose tissue; Adipokines; Cytokines; Neonate; Gene expression ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; STROMAL-VASCULAR CELLS; PORCINE ADIPOCYTE TRANSCRIPTS; MIGRATION INHIBITORY FACTOR; DIFFERENTIATION IN-VITRO; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; FACTOR-ALPHA; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; TNF-ALPHA AB This study examined ontogeny of development for a range of adipokines in neonatal adipose tissue. Pigs (Sus scrofa) were selected across six litters for sampling subcutaneous (SQ) and perirenal (PR) adipose tissues at d1, d4, d7 or d21 of age and total RNA extraction. Reverse transcription and real-time PCR were used to quantify mRNA abundance for: leptin, adiponectin, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, tumor necrosis factor a (TNF alpha), haptoglobin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) and cyclophilin. Leptin, adiponectin and IL-15 expression increased from d1 to d 21 of age in both SQ and PR. Haptoglobin, VEGF, MIF and IL-8 expression decreased between d1 and d4 of age in SQ. TNF alpha expression was unchanged from d1-7 and then increased at d21. IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-10 expression were unchanged with age in SQ; whereas IL-1 beta and IL-6 mRNA abundance in the PR increased with age. Analysis of the mRNA abundance for these adipokines within adipose tissue from d1 to d21 of age demonstrated that neonatal development of adipokine expression varies among the different adipokines and the internal and external sites of adipose tissue deposition (PR versus SQ). (c) Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ramsay, T. G.; Caperna, T. J.] USDA ARS, ANRI, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ramsay, TG (reprint author), USDA ARS, ANRI, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 200,Rm 207,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM timothy.ramsay@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1096-4959 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 152 IS 1 BP 72 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2008.09.088 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA 389AW UT WOS:000262063300009 PM 18930835 ER PT J AU Koehler, AVA Hoberg, EP Torres-Perez, F Cook, JA AF Koehler, Anson V. A. Hoberg, Eric P. Torres-Perez, Fernando Cook, Joseph A. TI A Molecular View of the Superfamily Dioctophymatoidea (Nematoda) SO COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nematode; Dioctophymatoidea; Dioctophyme renale; Eustrongylides ignotus; Soboliphyme baturini; Soboliphyme jamesoni; Soboliphyme abei; phylogenetic; cytochrome oxidase 1; 18S ID SEQUENCE; MODEL; GENE AB Monophyly of the superfamily Dioctophymatoidea was assessed based on analyses of DNA sequence variation among 3 of 4 constituent genera (5 species). Represented is the first molecular phylogenetic evaluation of the Dioctophymatoidea using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference of 18S nuclear DNA (786 base-pair [bp] segment) and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (293 bp) genes. Dioctophymatoidea is monophyletic and includes a clade with Dioctophyme renale and Eustrongylides ignotus (Dioctophymatidae) as the sister of Soboliphyme baturini, Soboliphyme jamesoni, and Soboliphyme abei (Soboliphymatidae). Within Soboliphymatidae, S. baturini is the sister of S. jamesoni and S. abei. C1 [Koehler, Anson V. A.; Torres-Perez, Fernando; Cook, Joseph A.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Hoberg, Eric P.] ARS, US Natl Parasite Collect, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Koehler, AVA (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dept Zool, 340 Great King St, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand. EM ansonkoehler@gmail.com; ehoberg@anri.barc.usda.gov; ftorresp@gmail.com; cookjose@unm.edu OI Cook, Joseph/0000-0003-3985-0670; Koehler, Anson/0000-0001-8330-6416 FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0196095, 0415669]; Fogarty International Center [D43 TW007131]; University of New Mexico; OACC TACUC protocol [05MCCO23]; New Mexico under the New Mexico Department [2005-102] FX We thank S. V. Brant. K. Galbreath, and D. W DLlszynski for their helpful comments. Specimens were kindly provided by M. A. Fleming, N. Dokuchaev, N. Tranbenkova, D. Nagorsen, M. Asakawa, N. Punter, R. S. Seville, and. J. Whitman. Technical support with laboratory procedures was provided by J. Dragoo, D. Zarlenga, B. Rosenthal, S. Nadler, M. Esteva, M. Taylor, B. Hyman, S. Tang, B. lianelt, M. Steinauer, C. Aderna, G. Rosenberg, and file University of New Mexico's Molecular Biology Facility, This research is a contribution of file Beringian Coevolution ProJect funded by the National Science Foundation through grants from the Biotic Survey and Inventory program (DEB 0 196095 and 0415669) and the Fogarty International Center (grant D43 TW007131). Further funding was provided by the University of New Mexico graduate student organizations. Gambusia affinis individuals were euthanized following the OACC TACUC protocol, number 05MCCO23. Fish were imported to New Mexico under the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish Special Conditions Importation Permit Number 2005-102. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOC WASHINGTON PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS INC, 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, ACCT# 141866, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1525-2647 J9 COMP PARASITOL JI Comp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 76 IS 1 BP 100 EP 104 DI 10.1654/4366.1 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA 403OS UT WOS:000263092500012 ER PT B AU Barth, M Hankinson, TR Zhuang, H Breidt, F AF Barth, Margaret Hankinson, Thomas R. Zhuang, Hong Breidt, Frederick BE Sperber, WH Doyle, MP TI Microbiological Spoilage of Fruits and Vegetables SO COMPENDIUM OF THE MICROBIOLOGICAL SPOILAGE OF FOODS AND BEVERAGES SE Food Microbiology and Food Safety LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MINIMALLY PROCESSED VEGETABLES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; SHREDDED ICEBERG LETTUCE; REDUCE BLOATER DAMAGE; USE GRATED CARROTS; FRESH-CUT CELERY; SHELF-LIFE; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SENSORY QUALITY; CARBON-DIOXIDE C1 [Barth, Margaret] Responsible Source, Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA. [Breidt, Frederick] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA. [Hankinson, Thomas R.] Produce Safety Solut Inc, Toughkenamon, PA 19374 USA. [Zhuang, Hong] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Barth, M (reprint author), Responsible Source, 350 Berkshire Dr, Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA. EM margaret.barth@sbcglobal.net; trhank@aol.com; hong.zhuang@ars.usda.gov; fred.breidt@ars.usda.gov NR 190 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-0825-4 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL FOOD PY 2009 BP 135 EP 183 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0826-1_6 PG 49 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BLU11 UT WOS:000271016100006 ER PT J AU Milbury, PE AF Milbury, Paul E. BE Watson, RR TI Berries and Cancer SO COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES IN THE AGING POPULATION: AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Berries; cancer; phenolics; phytochemicals; in vitro; in vivo ID LYOPHILIZED BLACK-RASPBERRIES; FREEZE-DRIED STRAWBERRIES; ANTI-ANGIOGENIC PROPERTY; OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; IN-VITRO ANTICANCER; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; CELL-TRANSFORMATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; ELLAGIC ACID; COLON-CANCER AB The sum of epidemiologic evidence showing a protective effect of diets rich in fruits and vegetables against cancer is not as strong as originally thought. Nevertheless there is in vitro evidence suggesting that the biologically active phytochemicals from berries have anti-carcinogenic activity. Many of these compounds also show anti-carcinogenic effects in animal cancer models. In vitro experiments have contributed much to the knowledge base regarding probable mechanisms of action that support chemoprotective activities of berry phytochemicals at the molecular level. These chemopreventive mechanisms include prevention of radical damage, DNA stabilization, detoxification, inhibition of inflammatory processes such as cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and induction of apoptosis. However, much of the in vitro research on the anti-cancer effects of berries and their components has been conducted at concentrations that are not relative to the in vivo bioavailability and metabolism of the compounds studied. Many phytochemicals present in berries are poorly absorbed by animals or humans and those that are absorbed are rapidly metabolized and excreted by xenobiotic metabolism. Indeed, this activation of phase II metabolism is a putative chemoprotective mechanism. Much of the anti-cancer bioactivity observed in vitro still requires additional research with animals and humans to verify these effects in vivo. Additional necessary research includes concerted efforts to identify the bioavailability, metabolism, and tissue distribution of berry phytochemicals and their metabolites not only to the circulation but also to the target tissues. Research is also needed to determine whether berry phytochemicals augment or interfere with current day chemotherapeutic protocols. C1 Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Milbury, PE (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 105 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092124-2 PY 2009 BP 347 EP 370 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374228-5.00017-2 PG 24 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Primary Health Care SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; General & Internal Medicine GA BFP29 UT WOS:000320857500018 ER PT J AU Ashworth, DJ AF Ashworth, Daniel J. BE Preedy, VR Burrow, GN Watson, RR TI Transfers of Iodine in the Soil-Plant-Air System: Solid-Liquid Partitioning, Migration, Plant Uptake and Volatilization SO COMPREHENSIVE HANDBOOK OF IODINE: NUTRITIONAL, BIOCHEMICAL, PATHOLOGICAL AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SPINACIA-OLERACEA L.; UPLAND FIELD; FOREST PLOT; PADDY FIELD; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; SOLUTION CULTURE; RADIOIODINE; BEHAVIOR; IODATE; SORPTION AB Human exposure to soil iodine depends on the partitioning of the iodine into the mobile (liquid and gaseous) soil phases. From the liquid phase, iodine can be transported to surface- and groundwaters, plant roots and, consequently, the human diet. From the gaseous phase, iodine can be transported to the atmosphere where human exposure may occur due to inhalation. The literature suggests that the vast majority of soil iodine is strongly bound by the soil solid phase, and hence is considered immobile. However, partitioning into the liquid and gaseous phases clearly does occur, primarily under anoxic conditions due to the presence of poorly sorbed iodine species. Under such conditions, iodine leaching, plant uptake (for plants with roots that can withstand anoxic conditions, e.g., rice) and volatile emissions to the atmosphere are likely to be increased, increasing the potential for human exposure to iodine. C1 ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Ashworth, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. NR 74 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-092086-3 PY 2009 BP 107 EP 118 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374135-6.00011-X PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BCR55 UT WOS:000311104900012 ER PT B AU Sainju, UM AF Sainju, Upendra M. BE Latos, TH TI BICULTURAL LEGUME-CEREAL COVER CROPS FOR SUSTAINING CROP YIELDS AND IMPROVING SOIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY SO COVER CROPS AND CROP YIELDS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ROOT-DERIVED CARBON; CONSERVATION TILLAGE SYSTEMS; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; ORGANIC-CARBON; NO-TILLAGE; NITRATE-NITROGEN; CORN PRODUCTION; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; NONTILLED SOILS; WINTER LEGUMES AB Cover crops, usually grown after the harvest of main crops in the fall to provide vegetative cover for reducing soil erosion, have many benefits in improving soil and environmental quality, besides sustaining crop yields. Cover crops use residual soil N and reduce NO(3)-N content in the soil profile, thereby decreasing the potential for N leaching. Cover crops supply additional biomass residue to the soil, increase organic matter, improve soil properties, and sequester atmospheric CO(2), thereby reducing the potential for global wan-ning. Legume cover crops fix N from the atmosphere and supply N to the succeeding crops, thereby reducing the rate of N fertilization. As a result, they increase succeeding crop yields and quality compared with nonlegume or no cover crops. In contrast, nonlegume cover crops are effective in increasing soil organic matter and reducing N leaching compared with legume or no cover crops. Ideal cover crops that provide all these benefits, i.e. to supply N, increase soil organic matter, maintain crop yields, and reduce residual soil N are needed to sustain crops yields and improve soil and environmental quality. Bicultural legume-cereal cover crop combination is one of those cover crops that can provide most of these benefits. Studies have shown that biculture of legume, such as hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L.) and nonlegume, such as cereal rye (Secaele cereale L.) can coexist together, thereby supplying increased above- and belowground biomass and C and N contents, which increased soil organic matter and C and N sequestration compared with monoculture cover crops. The hairy vetch + rye biculture reduced residual soil profile NO(3)-N and sustained N supply and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] yields and N uptake compared with hairy vetch alone. This review will evaluate the performance of legume-cereal (hairy vetch + rye) bicultural cover crops, their above- and belowground biomass yields and C and N contents, and their effects on soil C and N levels and crop yields compared with monocultures (hairy vetch or rye) or the no cover crop treatment. C1 ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. NR 100 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60692-818-9 PY 2009 BP 113 EP 147 PG 35 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BKR57 UT WOS:000269005200004 ER PT B AU Zablotowicz, RM Reddy, KN Weaver, MA Mengistu, A Krutz, LJ Gordon, RE Bellaloui, N AF Zablotowicz, R. M. Reddy, K. N. Weaver, M. A. Mengistu, A. Krutz, L. J. Gordon, R. E. Bellaloui, N. BE Latos, TH TI COVER CROPS, TILLAGE, AND GLYPHOSATE EFFECTS ON CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A LOWER MISSISSIPPI DELTA SOIL AND SOYBEAN YIELD SO COVER CROPS AND CROP YIELDS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SILT LOAM SOIL; SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; RYE SECALE-CEREALE; CORN ZEA-MAYS; GLYCINE-MAX; FLUOMETURON DEGRADATION; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; CROPPING SYSTEMS AB The adoption of sustainable cropping systems, including cover crops and no-tillage practices can promote soil conservation and improve soil quality. However, the selection of the best management practices to increase crop production is needed. A field study was conducted from 2001 to 2005 at Stoneville, MS, on a Dundee silt loam soil to assess the effects of cover crop (rye [Secale cereale L.], hairy vetch [Vicia villosa Roth], or none), tillage [conventional tillage (CT) or no-tillage (NT)] and herbicide (glyphosate or non-glyphosate post emergence), on soil chemical properties, soil microbial ecology, and soybean yield. Cover crops were killed before soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) planting, incorporated into CT soils, and left on surface in NT soils. Soil (0 to 5 cm depth) was sampled at planting, and mid season following soybean planting. Soil was analyzed for total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen content (TNC), nitrate, electrical conductivity, and soil moisture. Biological parameters included fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis, total bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and total fungi propagules, and microbial community analysis based on total fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis. The greatest accumulation of TOC and TNC was under NT, particularly under cover crop management. NT soils, especially under cover crop management maintained the highest soil moisture content. Soils managed under a hairy vetch cover crop maintained at least two-fold greater soil nitrate and electrical conductivity compared to no cover crop regardless of tillage. FDA hydrolysis was 55 to 120% greater under NT compared to CT with the highest activity associated with cover crop managed soils. Patterns of microbial community structure were dependent on year and sample time dependent with a greater effect of tillage compared to cover crop. Soybean yields were consistently similar under CT and NT systems. Despite the beneficial effects on soil properties, soybeans grown with rye cover crop, regardless of CT or NT system, consistently yielded lower compared to hairy vetch or no cover crop. Adoption of cover crop-based systems by soybean farmers is less likely due to additional costs. Alternatively, soybean fanners are more likely to adopt NT-based production systems to potentially increase soybean yield and improve soil quality. C1 [Zablotowicz, R. M.; Reddy, K. N.; Weaver, M. A.; Krutz, L. J.; Gordon, R. E.] So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Mengistu, A.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Bellaloui, N.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Zablotowicz, RM (reprint author), So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60692-818-9 PY 2009 BP 265 EP 289 PG 25 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BKR57 UT WOS:000269005200010 ER PT J AU McAllister, EJ Dhurandhar, NV Keith, SW Aronne, LJ Barger, J Baskin, M Benca, RM Biggio, J Boggiano, MM Eisenmann, JC Elobeid, M Fontaine, KR Gluckman, P Hanlon, EC Katzmarzyk, P Pietrobelli, A Redden, DT Ruden, DM Wang, CX Waterland, RA Wright, SM Allison, DB AF McAllister, Emily J. Dhurandhar, Nikhil V. Keith, Scott W. Aronne, Louis J. Barger, Jamie Baskin, Monica Benca, Ruth M. Biggio, Joseph Boggiano, Mary M. Eisenmann, Joe C. Elobeid, Mai Fontaine, Kevin R. Gluckman, Peter Hanlon, Erin C. Katzmarzyk, Peter Pietrobelli, Angelo Redden, David T. Ruden, Douglas M. Wang, Chenxi Waterland, Robert A. Wright, Suzanne M. Allison, David B. TI Ten Putative Contributors to the Obesity Epidemic SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE Obesity; genetics; pharmaceutical; intrauterine; infections ID BODY-MASS INDEX; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; HUMAN ADENOVIRUS AD-36; REM-SLEEP DEPRIVATION; INDUCED WEIGHT-GAIN; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE DEVELOPMENT AB The obesity epidemic is a global issue and shows no signs of abating, while the cause of this epidemic remains unclear. Marketing practices of energy-dense foods and institutionally-driven declines in physical activity are the alleged perpetrators for the epidemic, despite a lack of solid evidence to demonstrate their causal role. While both may contribute to obesity, we call attention to their unquestioned dominance in program funding and public efforts to reduce obesity, and propose several alternative putative contributors that would benefit from equal consideration and attention. Evidence for microorganisms, epigenetics, increasing maternal age, greater fecundity among people with higher adiposity, assortative mating, sleep debt, endocrine disruptors, pharmaceutical iatrogenesis, reduction in variability of ambient temperatures, and intrauterine and intergenerational effects as contributing factors to the obesity epidemic are reviewed herein. While the evidence is strong for some contributors such as pharmaceutical-induced weight gain, it is still emerging for other reviewed factors. Considering the role of such putative etiological factors of obesity may lead to comprehensive, cause specific, and effective strategies for prevention and treatment of this global epidemic. C1 [McAllister, Emily J.; Dhurandhar, Nikhil V.] Louisiana State Univ Syst, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Dept Infect & Obes, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Keith, Scott W.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Div Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Aronne, Louis J.; Wright, Suzanne M.] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Comprehens Weight Control Program, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Barger, Jamie] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Reg Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Barger, Jamie] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Baskin, Monica] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Clin Nutr Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Benca, Ruth M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Psychiat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Biggio, Joseph] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Boggiano, Mary M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Behav Neurosci Div, Dept Psychol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Eisenmann, Joe C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Elobeid, Mai; Redden, David T.; Allison, David B.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biostat, Sect Stat Genet, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Fontaine, Kevin R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Rheumatol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gluckman, Peter] Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Hanlon, Erin C.] Univ Wisconsin, Neurosci Training Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Katzmarzyk, Peter] Louisiana State Univ, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Pietrobelli, Angelo] Univ Verona, Sch Med, Paediat Unit, I-37100 Verona, Italy. [Ruden, Douglas M.] Wayne State Univ, Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Detroit, MI USA. [Wang, Chenxi] Univ Louisville, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Clin Investigat Sci, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP McAllister, EJ (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ Syst, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Dept Infect & Obes, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM Emily.mcallister@pbrc.edu OI Katzmarzyk, Peter/0000-0002-9280-6022; Barger, Jamie/0000-0001-8694-0068; Allison, David/0000-0003-3566-9399 FU NIH [P30DK056336, 1R01DK066164] FX Supported in part by NIH Grant P30DK056336 to DBA and NIH 1R01DK066164 awarded to NVD. NR 480 TC 236 Z9 244 U1 9 U2 72 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-8398 EI 1549-7852 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 2009 VL 49 IS 10 BP 868 EP 913 AR PII 917375057 DI 10.1080/10408390903372599 PG 46 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 530LY UT WOS:000272595600004 PM 19960394 ER PT J AU Prasad, B Babar, MA Xu, XY Bai, GH Klatt, AR AF Prasad, B. Babar, M. A. Xu, X. Y. Bai, G. H. Klatt, A. R. TI Genetic diversity in the US hard red winter wheat cultivars as revealed by microsatellite markers SO CROP & PASTURE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE molecular markers; cluster analysis ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; MOLECULAR MARKERS; BREAD WHEAT; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; TEMPORAL TRENDS; SSR; GERMPLASM; POLYMORPHISMS; VARIETIES AB Knowledge of the genetic diversity existing in previously released hard red winter wheat (HRWW, Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in the Great Plains region, United States, is essential for effective utilisation of these genetic resources in the various HRWW breeding programs. To ascertain a measure of the genetic diversity of the existing US HRWW, 60 cultivars were analysed with 62 microsatellite markers distributed throughout the wheat genome. Marker data were subjected to distance-based analysis and analysis of molecular variances. In total, 341 polymorphic alleles were scored with a range of 2-12 alleles per locus. Genetic diversity gradually increased in cultivars released after the 1970s. Cultivars released in the 1990s had the highest allelic richness (4.79), gene diversity (0.60), and polymorphic information content (0.56). Levels of genetic diversity were similar between the major HRWW breeding programs. Cluster analysis resulted in eight clusters. Cluster grouping gave close matches with pedigrees and with regional distribution of the cultivars. Using decadal information, cultivars released from 1900-1969 were grouped into one cluster, cultivars from 1990-2005 were grouped into a separate cluster, whereas cultivars from the 1980s did not group with any other decades. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a significant variation among the clusters, signifying that a true genetic variation existed among the clusters. The higher proportion of genetic variation explained by cultivars within clusters compared with among clusters indicates greater genetic diversity among cultivars within clusters. Our results indicate that genetic diversity of Great Plains HRWW cultivars has increased in the past century, and the trend is continuing. C1 [Babar, M. A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Prasad, B.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Xu, X. Y.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bai, G. H.] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Klatt, A. R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Babar, MA (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM mababar@ksu.edu RI BABAR, MD/A-4187-2009 NR 37 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-5795 J9 CROP PASTURE SCI JI Crop Pasture Sci. PY 2009 VL 60 IS 1 BP 16 EP 24 DI 10.1071/CP08052 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 410ZI UT WOS:000263616400002 ER PT J AU Copes, WE AF Copes, W. E. TI Concentration and intervals of hydrogen dioxide applications to control Puccinia hemerocallidis on daylily SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Biocide; Daylily rust; Disinfectant; Hydrogen peroxide; Sterilant ID SWEET CORN; RUST; SEVERITY; DISEASE; RESISTANT; CURVES AB Hydrogen dioxide (H(2)O(2)) is a disinfestant used to kill fungal spores, such as urediniospores of Puccinia hemerocallidis, on plant and production surfaces. Excised sections of daylily leaves with sporulating rust pustules were sprayed with concentrations between 19 and 270 g active ingredient (a.i.) H(2)O(2) 1(-1). Treated spores were rubbed onto the surface of PDA, and germination of >100 spores per replication per treatment was determined 24 h later. An exponential decay model was fitted to the data and a lethal dose (LD) of 57 and 114 g a.i. H(2)O(2) 1(-1) solution was predicted to cause 90 and 99% urediniospore mortality, respectively. In an irrigation pad study, one label concentration (2.7 ga.i. H(2)O(2)1(-1)) and approximate LD(90) and LD(99) concentrations (54 and 108 g a.i. H(2)O(2) 1(-1)) were sprayed 1 or 2 times per week on healthy daylily plants exposed to naturally dispersing inoculum. Disease incidence and severity decreased with increasing concentration and number of applications of H(2)O(2) per week. H(2)O(2), at 108 g a.i. 1-1 applied once per week, provided control equal to a fungicide treatment (azoxystrobin and chlorothalonil plus thiophanate-methyl rotation), but was also significantly phytotoxic. In a greenhouse study, two concentrations (2.0 and 2.7ga.i. H(2)O(2)1(-1)) registered for application on plants and one concentration (3.4 g a.i. H(2)O(2) 1(-1)) registered for application on production surfaces were sprayed 2, 3, and 5 times per week on healthy daylily plants exposed to naturally dispersed inoculum. In greenhouse experiment I where the maximum mean incidence was 59%, 2.7 and 3.4 g a.i. H(2)O(2) 1(-1) applied 2-5 times per week provided control equal to the fungicide treatment. In greenhouse experiment 11 where the maximum mean incidence was 89%, 5 applications of H(2)O(2) at 2.0-3.4 g a.i. H(2)O(2) 1(-1) provided control that was better than the water treatment but not as good as the fungicide treatment. Higher label concentrations (2.7 g a.i. H(2)O(2) 1(-1)) and multiple applications per week (>= 5) can provide disease control equal to a fungicide when disease pressure is low, but may not be effective when disease pressure is high. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Copes, WE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, 810 Highway 26 W,POB 287, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM warren.copes@ars.usda.gov FU Washington State Department of Agriculture FX Lavonne Stringer, Biological Science Technician, was involved with setting up experiments, applying chemicals, and assessing disease intensity. Debbie Boykin, USDA-ARS mid-south area statistician, provided technical advise about the statistical programs. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 28 IS 1 BP 24 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2008.08.003 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 389UM UT WOS:000262120000005 ER PT J AU Heffner, EL Sorrells, ME Jannink, JL AF Heffner, Elliot L. Sorrells, Mark E. Jannink, Jean-Luc TI Genomic Selection for Crop Improvement SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS; RANGE LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; BREEDING VALUE ESTIMATION; GENOMEWIDE SELECTION; MOLECULAR MARKERS; WIDE SELECTION; COMPLEX TRAITS; GENETIC VALUE; PREDICTION AB Despite important strides In marker technologies, the use of marker-assisted selection has stagnated for the improvement of quantitative traits. Biparental mating designs for the detection of loci affecting these traits (quantitative trait loci [QTL]) impede their application, and the statistical methods used are ill-suited to the traits' polygenic nature. Genomic selection (GS) has been proposed to address these deficiencies. Genomic selection predicts the breeding values of lines in a population by analyzing their phenotypes and high-density marker scores. A key to the success of GS is that it Incorporates all marker information In the prediction model, thereby avoiding biased marker effect estimates and capturing more of the variation due to small-effect QTL. In simulations, the correlation between true breeding value and the genomic estimated breeding value has reached levels of 0.85 even for polygenic low heritability traits. This level of accuracy is sufficient to consider selecting for agronomic performance using marker information alone. Such selection Would substantially accelerate the breeding cycle, enhancing gains per unit time. It would dramatically change the role of phenotyping, which would then serve to update prediction models and no longer to select lines. While research to date shows the exceptional promise of GS, work remains to be done to validate it empirically and to incorporate It into breeding schemes. C1 [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Heffner, Elliot L.; Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Jannink, JL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jeanluc.jannink@ars.usda.gov FU USDA National Needs Fellowship Grant [2005-38420-1-3785]; USDA-NRI Grant [2008-5530118746, 2006-55606-16722]; Hatch [149419] FX The authors thank Adam Famoso, Michael Gore, and Jesse Munkvold for their insights and critical reviews. Work of Elliot Heffner was funded by the USDA National Needs Fellowship Grant 2005-38420-1-3785. Work of Jean-Luc Jannink was partially funded by the USDA-NRI Grant Numbers 2008-5530118746 and 2006-55606-16722. Additional funding for this research was provided by Hatch 149419. NR 90 TC 400 Z9 416 U1 14 U2 149 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.08.0512 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300001 ER PT J AU Larson, SR Kellogg, EA AF Larson, Steven R. Kellogg, Elizabeth A. TI Genetic Dissection of Seed Production Traits and Identification of a Major-Effect Seed Retention QTL in Hybrid Leymus (Triticeae) Wildryes SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; SODIC DRAINAGE WATER; BASIN WILDRYE; LINKAGE MAPS; RICE GENOME; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; CINEREUS POACEAE; MAIZE EVOLUTION; TALL WHEATGRASS; DRAFT SEQUENCE AB Many native grasses display seed shattering and other seed production problems. Basin wildrye [Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. Love] and creeping wildrye [L. triticoides (Buckley) Rig.] are perennial Triticeae grasses native to western North America. In this study, variation in the number of florets per inflorescence, percent seed set, seed mass, seed shattering, and seed dormancy was measured in clonally replicated multiyear field evaluations of 164 progeny derived from a backcross between a creeping x basin wildrye hybrid and a true creeping wildrye tester. Genomewide quantitative trait locus (QTL) scans detected independent gene effects for all five traits and one pleictropic QTL, located on Triticeae homeologous chromosome group 6, associated with major seed shattering (43.1% R(2), 26.9 log of odds likelihood ratio [LOD]) and seed dormancy (24.1 % R(2), 10.6 LOD) effects. We hypothesize that a dominant basin wildrye gene creates an abscission that promotes seed disarticulation but hinders seed development and seed ripening in the creeping wildrye backcross family. Alignments of Laymus chromosome 6 expressed sequence tag markers to the rice (Oryza) genome reveal well-defined correspondence of Leymus wildrye and American wildrice (Zizania palustris L.) seed shatter QTLs. C1 [Larson, Steven R.] Utah State Univ, Forage & Range Res Lab, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Kellogg, Elizabeth A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. RP Larson, SR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Forage & Range Res Lab, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Steve.Larson@ars.usda.gov RI Kellogg, Elizabeth/M-2845-2013 OI Kellogg, Elizabeth/0000-0003-1671-7447 NR 65 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 29 EP 40 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.05.0277 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300004 ER PT J AU Miklas, PN Fourie, D Wagner, J Larsen, RC Mienie, CMS AF Miklas, Phillip N. Fourie, Deidre Wagner, Jennifer Larsen, Richard C. Mienie, Charlotte M. S. TI Tagging and Mapping Pse-1 Gene for Resistance to Halo Blight in Common Bean Differential Cultivar UI-3 SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; SYRINGAE PV PHASEOLICOLA; DISEASE RESISTANCE; VULGARIS; RACES; PATHOGEN; PLANTS; QTL; MAP AB Halo blight [caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Burkh.) Young et al. (Psp)] is a serious seed-borne bacterial disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). A few resistance (R) genes and quantitative trait loci provide control to one or more races of the pathogen. To better understand monogenic resistance and improve breeding efficiency, we sought to tag and map a gene (Pse-1) in host differential cultivar UI-3 (previously named 'Red Mexican UI-3') that provides resistance to races 1, 5, 7, and 9 of Psp. Cosegregation for resistance to races 1, 5, 7, and 9, in a recombinant inbred population, 'Canadian Wonder'/UI-3 (CU), confirmed the effect of Pse-1 against multiple races of the pathogen, Bulked-segregant analysis in the CU population identified six random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers tightly linked (0-3.3 cM) to Pse-1. Three of the RAPDs completely linked with Pse-1 in the CU population were converted to sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers SH11.800, SR13.1150, and ST8.1350. The linked markers were used to integrate Pse-1 to linkage group B10 of the core map. Allelism tests (F.) confirmed relationships of Pse-1 and Pse-4 derived from UI-3 with R genes in the other host differential cultivars. A survey of advanced lines and cultivars revealed that the SCAR markers generated in this study will have utility for marker-assisted selection of Pse-1 in germplasm from the Andean gene pool (e.g., kidney, calima) and from race Mesoamerican within the Middle American gene pool (black, carioca). C1 [Miklas, Phillip N.; Larsen, Richard C.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Fourie, Deidre; Mienie, Charlotte M. S.] ARC Grain Crops Inst, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Wagner, Jennifer] Monsanto Seed Co, Gothenburg, NE 69138 USA. RP Miklas, PN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM phil.miklas@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.03.0145 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300005 ER PT J AU Cichy, KA Blair, MW Mendoza, CHG Snapp, SS Kelly, JD AF Cichy, Karen A. Blair, Mathew W. Mendoza, Carlos H. Galeano Snapp, Sieglinde S. Kelly, James D. TI QTL Analysis of Root Architecture Traits and Low Phosphorus Tolerance in an Andean Bean Population SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; CONTRASTING SOIL TYPES; GENETIC-VARIATION; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SEED WEIGHT; LINKAGE MAP; COMMON; AVAILABILITY; ACQUISITION; RESISTANCE AB Tolerance to low P soils is a desirable trait in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars grown in acid-weathered soils. Genetic variability in response to P-deficient soils exists in the Andean gene pool. G19833, a low P-tolerant indeterminate Andean landrace, has been evaluated for quantitative trait loci (QTL) and tolerance to low P in combination with Mesoamerican parents. Our goal was to expand our understanding of phenotypic traits and QTL from G19833 expressed in an Andean background. An F(5:7) recombinant inbred line (RIL) population developed from two Andean bean genotypes, G19833 and AND696, a determinate line susceptible to low P soils, was examined under low and high soil P levels in replicated field trials. Phosphorus uptake was reduced by 70% and yield by 60% in low P compared to high P treatments. A linkage map was developed with 11 linkage groups and a total length of 1105 cM. Quantitative trait loci for root growth, seed yield, seed P content, and P use efficiency colocalized near the fin gene on linkage group B1. Quantitative trait loci for root growth traits, seed yield, and P uptake colocalized on B11. Quantitative trait loci for root length density (cm cm(-3)) and root surface area (cm(2)) did not colocalize with QTL for P uptake. This study indicates that root traits did not play an important role in tolerance to low P soil in an Andean x Andean cross, contrary to previous results with the same P-efficient Andean parent (G19833) crossed to a Mesoamerican bean genotype. C1 [Cichy, Karen A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Blair, Mathew W.; Mendoza, Carlos H. Galeano] Ctr Int Agr Trop, Biotechnol Unit, Cali, Colombia. [Snapp, Sieglinde S.; Kelly, James D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Cichy, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Karen.Cichy@ars.usda.gov; m.blair@cgiar.org RI Snapp, Sieglinde/D-5109-2013 NR 40 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 59 EP 68 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.03.0142 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300007 ER PT J AU Lorenz, AJ Coors, JG de Leon, N Wolfrum, EJ Hames, BR Sluiter, AD Weimer, PJ AF Lorenz, A. J. Coors, J. G. de Leon, N. Wolfrum, E. J. Hames, B. R. Sluiter, A. D. Weimer, P. J. TI Characterization, Genetic Variation, and Combining Ability of Maize Traits Relevant to the Production of Cellulosic Ethanol SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FIBER; SELECTION; BIOFUELS; QUALITY; BIOMASS; SILAGE; YIELD; POPULATIONS; RESIDUES; ALFALFA AB Maize (Zea mays L.) stover has been identified as an important feedstock for the production of cellulosic ethanol. Our objectives were to measure hybrid effect and combining ability patterns of traits related to cellulosic ethanol production, determine if germplasm and mutations used for silage production would also be beneficial for feedstock production, and examine relationships between traits that are relevant to selective breeding. We evaluated grain hybrids, germplasm bred for silage production, brown-midrib hybrids, and a leafy hybrid. Yield and composition traits were measured in four environments. There was a 53% difference in stover yield between commercial grain hybrids that were equivalent for other production-related traits. Silage germplasm may be useful for increasing stover yield and reducing lignin concentration. We found much more variation among hybrids than either in vitro ruminal fermentability or polysaccharide concentration. Correlations between traits were mostly favorable or nonexistent. Our results suggest that utilizing standing genetic variation of maize in breeding programs could substantially increase the amount of biofuels produced from stover per unit area of land. C1 [Lorenz, A. J.; Coors, J. G.; de Leon, N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Wolfrum, E. J.; Sluiter, A. D.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hames, B. R.] Ceres Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. [Weimer, P. J.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Lorenz, AJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM alorenz@wisc.edu OI Wolfrum, Edward/0000-0002-7361-8931 FU USDA and DOE [144-144NR81] FX The authors would like to thank Dustin Eilert alld Pat Flannery for their technical assistance. This work was supported by the USDA and DOE grant Integrated Feedstock Supply Systems for Corn Stover Biomass (grant no. 144-144NR81). NR 42 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 85 EP 98 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.06.0306 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300010 ER PT J AU Knott, CA Van Sanford, DA Souza, EJ AF Knott, Carrie A. Van Sanford, David A. Souza, Edward J. TI Genetic Variation and the Effectiveness of Early-Generation Selection for Soft Winter Wheat Quality and Gluten Strength SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DOUGH; CAPACITY AB Selection for milling and baking quality in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) head-rows could increase the efficiency of most soft winter wheat (SWW) breeding programs. We evaluated whole grain-wheat meal (WM) assays for their ability to select lines with acceptable SWW quality and high gluten strength in early-generations, and estimated heritability of SWW quality and gluten strength. One hundred fourteen lines from a cross of strong and weak gluten parents was assessed over three location-years. Flour quality and gluten strength were measured using flour and WM measures. Correlations between WM assays on head-rows and flour-based assays conducted on replicated trials from two locations were significant (P < 0.05). Wheat meal sedimentation volume (WM-SED) was correlated with flour lactic acid solvent retention capacity (SRC; r = 0.37). Wheat meal sodium carbonate SRC (WM-SRC) was correlated with flour sucrose (r = 0.37), flour sodium carbonate (r = 0,46) and flour water (r = 0.47) SRC and negatively correlated with wire-cut cookie diameter (r = -0.33) and flour yield (r = -0.40). Soft winter wheat quality and gluten strength improved when selections were based on WM-SRC and WM-SED, respectively. Early-generation selection for SAW quality and gluten strength using WM tests should increase the frequency of SWW selections with desirable quality characteristics in replicated yield trials. C1 [Van Sanford, David A.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Knott, Carrie A.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Souza, Edward J.] USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Van Sanford, DA (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM dvs@email.uky.edu NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 113 EP 119 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.05.0290 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300013 ER PT J AU Kuraparthy, V Sood, S See, DR Gill, BS AF Kuraparthy, Vasu Sood, Shilpa See, Deven R. Gill, Bikram S. TI Development of a PCR Assay and Marker-Assisted Transfer of Leaf Rust and Stripe Rust Resistance Genes Lr57 and Yr40 into Hard Red Winter Wheats SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SPRING WHEAT; CHROMOSOMES; INHERITANCE; PROGRAMS; SEQUENCE; REGION; LINES AB The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-Aegilops geniculata introgression T5DL.5DS-5M(g)S(0.95), with stripe rust resistance gene Yr40 and leaf rust resistance gene Lr57, is an effective source of resistance against most isolates of the rust pathogen in Kansas and India. Rust resistance genes Lr57 and Yr40 were transferred to the hard red winter wheat (HRWW) cultivars Jagger and Overley by standard backcrossing and marker-assisted selection (MAS). PCR-based cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers were developed and used to select backcross F, plants with rust resistance. Diagnostic polymorphism detected by CAPS marker XLr57/Yr40-MAS-CAPS16 was consistent between the resistant source and a set of wheat cultivars selected by the U.S. Wheat Coordinated Agricultural Project. Homozygous BC3F2 plants with rust resistance genes were selected using the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP)-based diagnostic DNA marker polymorphism detected by the wheat grain softness protein (GSP). Deletion of Puroindoline a (Pina-M(g)1) and Puroindoline b (Pinb-M(g)1) gene sequences in the chromosome segment of 5M(g)S substituting for 5DS of wheat suggests that the backcross derivatives with Lr57/Yr40 can be used to develop hard textured wheats. The HRWW germplasm with Lr57 and Yr40 will provide breeders in the Southern Great Plains with adapted lines having an additional source of resistance that can be used to achieve durability of rust resistance. C1 [Kuraparthy, Vasu; Sood, Shilpa; Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [See, Deven R.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Gill, BS (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM bsgill@ksu.edu FU Kansas Wheat Commission; USDA; Kansas Agricultural Experimentation Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS [08-306-J] FX This research was supported by the Kansas Wheat Commission and a special USDA grant to the Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center. We extend a special note of thanks to Duane Wilson and Jon Raupp for their excellent technical assistance. We thank the anonymous reviewers for critically reviewing the manuscript. This paper is contribution number 08-306-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experimentation Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 120 EP 126 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.03.0143 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300014 ER PT J AU Goncalves-Vidigal, MC Vidigal, PS Medeiros, AF Pastor-Corrales, MA AF Goncalves-Vidigal, M. C. Vidigal Filho, Pedro S. Medeiros, A. F. Pastor-Corrales, M. A. TI Common Bean Landrace Jalo Listras Pretas Is the Source of a New Andean Anthracnose Resistance Gene SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COLLETOTRICHUM-LINDEMUTHIANUM; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; CONDITIONING RESISTANCE; CULTIVAR; INHERITANCE; RACES; PI-207262; AMERICA; AB-136; SOUTH AB Novel sources of resistance are continuously needed to combat anthracnose disease in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) caused by the hypervariable pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. and Magnus) Briosi and Cavara. We sought to characterize the novel anthracnose resistance in Andean common bean landrace 'Jalo Listras Protas' (JLP). Jalo Listras Pretas is resistant to races 9, 64, 65, and 73 of the anthracnose pathogen used in this study. To examine inheritance of anthracnose resistance in JLP, F(2) populations JLP/Mexico 222 and JLP/Cornell 49242 were inoculated with discriminating races of the pathogen. Segregation for resistance in both F(2) populations fit a 3:1 resistant/susceptible ratio suggesting that the anthracnose resistance in JLP is controlled by a single dominant gene. To establish independence of the resistance gene in JLP from other published resistance genes, allelism tests were conducted with 14F(2) populations derived from crossing JLP with Andean cultivars carrying anthracnose resistance genes Co-1, Co-1(2), CO-1(3), Co-1(5), and Co-12, and with Middle American cultivars with Co-2, Co-3, Co-4(3), Co-5, Co-6, Co-7, Co-9, Co-10, and Co-11. Results revealed the resistance gene in JLP was independent of the Andean loci Co-1 and Co-12, and the nine Middle American anthracnose resistance genes. The symbol Co-13 was assigned to this newly discovered anthracnose resistance gene in Brazilian Andean common bean landrace JLP. C1 [Pastor-Corrales, M. A.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Goncalves-Vidigal, M. C.; Vidigal Filho, Pedro S.] Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Agron, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Medeiros, A. F.] Fac Assis Gurgacz, BR-85806095 Cascavel, Parana, Brazil. RP Pastor-Corrales, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM talo.pastor-corrales@ars.usda.gov FU CNPq; Capes FX This research was supported by grants from the Brazilian agency CNPq to M.C. Goncalves-Vidigal and P.S. Vidigal Filho, and financial support from the Brazilian agency Capes. NR 38 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 133 EP 138 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.01.0004 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300016 ER PT J AU Sharma, A McClung, AM Pinson, SRM Kepiro, JL Shank, AR Tabien, RE Fjellstrom, R AF Sharma, Arun McClung, Anna M. Pinson, Shannon R. M. Kepiro, Joseph L. Shank, A. Robert Tabien, Rodante E. Fjellstrom, Robert TI Genetic Mapping of Sheath Blight Resistance QTLs within Tropical japonica Rice Cultivars SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; HEADING DATE; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; PLANT HEIGHT; INBRED LINES; JASMINE 85; REGISTRATION; YIELD; IDENTIFICATION AB Most commercial cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) are susceptible to sheath blight (SB), a devastating fungal disease causing significant losses in grain yield and quality. There are limited sources of genetic resistance adapted to U.S. growing conditions, and no commercial long grain cultivar of rice is currently available in the United States with a high level of SB resistance. Sheath blight resistance has been reported to be horizontal and quantitative. A population of 279 F 2:3 progeny rows derived from a cross between two tropical japonica U.S. rice cultivars, Rosemont (semi-dwarf, SB susceptible) and Pecos (tall, SB resistant), was used to map SB resistance. Progeny families were evaluated for disease reactions, plant height (PH), and heading date (HD) in replicated field trials for 2 yr and genotyped with 149 simple sequence repeat markers. Correlation analysis between SB ratings with PH and HD showed that both agronomic traits were significantly correlated with SB resistance. Four significant (logarithm of odds ratio >= 3.6) quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified for SB resistance, with individual effects explaining 5.6 to 33.4% of the total phenotypic variation. Plant height appears to have a direct influence on SB resistance, with QTLs for these traits colocated on chromosome 1. Consistent results across years indicate the stability of the identified QTLs and their potential for improving rice SB resistance using marker-assisted selection. C1 [McClung, Anna M.; Pinson, Shannon R. M.; Kepiro, Joseph L.; Shank, A. Robert; Fjellstrom, Robert] USDA ARS, Rice Res Unit, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. [Sharma, Arun; Tabien, Rodante E.] Texas A&M Univ, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. RP Fjellstrom, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rice Res Unit, 1509 Aggie Dr, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. EM bob.fjellstrom@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/CSREES [2004-35317-14867] FX The work was supported in part by the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service-National Research Initiative-Applied Plant Genomics Program entitled "RiceCAP: A coordinated research, education, and extension project for the application of genomic discoveries to improve rice in the United States" (USDA/CSREES grant 2004-35317-14867). The authors are thankful for the skilled and valuable research support provided by Eric Christensen and Fran Pont-asch, USDA-ARS, Beaumont, TX; and Yueguang Wing, Texas Agric. Exp. Station, Texas A&M Univ., Beaumount, TX. NR 42 TC 33 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 256 EP 264 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.03.0124 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300029 ER PT J AU Hyten, DL Smith, JR Frederick, RD Tucker, ML Song, QJ Cregan, PB AF Hyten, David L. Smith, James R. Frederick, Reid D. Tucker, Mark L. Song, Qijian Cregan, Perry B. TI Bulked Segregant Analysis Using the GoldenGate Assay to Locate the Rpp3 Locus that Confers Resistance to Soybean Rust in Soybean SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI; MAP; GENOME; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; INHERITANCE; DISCOVERY; MARKERS AB Few resistance loci to soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd., have been genetically mapped and linked to molecular markers that can be used for marker assisted selection. New technologies are available for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping that can be used to rapidly map traits controlled by single loci such as resistance to SBR. Our objective was to demonstrate that the high-throughput SNP genotyping method known as the GoldenGate assay can be used to perform bulked segregant analysis (BSA) to find candidate regions to facilitate efficient mapping of a dominant resistant locus to SBR designated Rpp3. We used a 1536 SNP GoldenGate assay to perform BSA followed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) mapping in an F(2) population segregating for SBR resistance conditioned by Rpp3. A 13-cM region on linkage group C2 was the only candidate region identified with BSA. Subsequent F(2) mapping placed Rpp3 between SSR markers BARC_Satt460 and BARC.Sat_263 on linkage group C2 which is the same region identified by BSA. These results suggest that the GoldenGate assay was successful at implementing BSA, making it a powerful tool to quickly map qualitative traits since the GoldenGate assay is capable of screening 1536 SNPs on 192 DNA samples in three days. C1 [Hyten, David L.; Tucker, Mark L.; Cregan, Perry B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Smith, James R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Frederick, Reid D.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Song, Qijian] Univ Maryland, Dep Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Hyten, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM David.Hyten@ars.usda.gov RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010; OI Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389 FU U.S. Dep. of Agriculture National Strategic Plan; United Soybean Board [7235] FX We wish to thank Edward Fickus for his technical help in the genotyping of the population and JoAnn Bowers for her technical help in screening for rust resistance. This work supports the goals of the U.S. Dep. of Agriculture National Strategic Plan for the Coordination and Integration of Soybean Rust Research (http://www.apsnet.org/online/sbr/pdf/USDASoybeanRustStratPlanv1.3.pdf) and was partially funded by United Soybean Board Project # 7235 entitled "Identification and Utilization of Resistance to Soybean Rust." NR 28 TC 77 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 265 EP 271 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.08.0511 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300030 ER PT J AU Mahan, JR Gitz, DC Payton, PR Allen, R AF Mahan, James R. Gitz, Dennis C., III Payton, Paxton. R. Allen, Randy TI Overexpression of Glutathione Reductase in Cotton Does Not Alter Emergence Rates under Temperature Stress SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; PLANT-TISSUES; SEEDLINGS; ASCORBATE; OXYGEN; PHOTOINHIBITION; ANTIOXIDANTS; ACCLIMATION; METABOLISM; TOLERANCE AB Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedlings are considered to be sensitive to temperature stress. The exposure of plants to high and low temperatures can result in the production of reactive oxygen species that contribute to diminished plant performance. Plants have mechanisms that metabolize oxidants into less harmful chemicals, and enhancement of antioxidant metabolism has been shown to be beneficial to plants exposed to acute oxidative stresses. Transgenic overexpression of glutathione reductase (GR) in cotton could result in faster seedling emergence at nonoptimal temperatures. Transgenic GR and 5 nontransgenic cotton lines were planted at four dates in the field in Lubbock, TX, and in constant temperature growth boxes. The temperatures in the field were typical for the Cotton planting period in the region, and in growth boxes ranged from 15 to 45 degrees C. Emergence rates were determined for all lines, and the activity of GR and the levels of malondialdehyde in the cotyledons were monitored to verify altered enzyme activity and to detect differences in oxidative damage, respectively. Enhancement of GR activity did not improve emergence or reduce oxidative damage. It is concluded that GR activity did not limit emergence. C1 [Mahan, James R.; Gitz, Dennis C., III; Payton, Paxton. R.] USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Allen, Randy] Texas Tech Univ, Dep Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Mahan, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM James.Mahan@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 272 EP 280 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.02.0085 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300031 ER PT J AU Skinner, DZ AF Skinner, Daniel Z. TI Phospholipase A(2) Activity during Cold Acclimation of Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LOW-TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE; FREEZING TOLERANCE; RESPONSE PATHWAY; FUNGAL ELICITOR; BRASSICA-NAPUS; ARABIDOPSIS; STRESS; VERNALIZATION; ACCUMULATION; ACTIVATION AB The temperature lethal to 50% of the plants (LT50) and phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) activity levels were investigated in three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines that had been cold acclimated 0 to 5 wks at 3 degrees C. In the cold-tolerant winter wheat 'Eltan', the level of PLA(2) activity increased significantly during the first week of cold acclimation, but activity did not increase until the second week of acclimation in cold-sensitive winter wheat Oregon Feed Wheat #5 and spring wheat 'Louise'. The PLA(2) activity declined in all lines by the end of 4 wks of acclimation. The LT50 decreased (greater freezing tolerance) during the time that PLA, levels were elevated and then increased concomitant with decreased PLA(2) activity. A chilling treatment of -5 degrees C for 45 min resulted in elevated PLA(2) activity in nonacclimated Eltan, as well as in all three wheat lines that had been acclimated for 1 wk, but not in plants that had been acclimated for more than 1 wk. These results suggest that PLA(2) activity is involved in response to cold temperature in wheat, but the intrinsic level of freezing tolerance and the level of acclimation reached by the plants mediates its activity. C1 [Skinner, Daniel Z.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Skinner, Daniel Z.] Washington State Univ, Crop & Soil Sci Dep, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Skinner, DZ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dzs@wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS [5348-21430-003-00D] FX This author is grateful to Brian Bellinger for excellent technical assistance. This project was supported by USDA-ARS project 5348-21430-003-00D. Mention of product names does not represent an endorwinent of any product or company but is given only to clarify the methodology; other products may be equally effective. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 323 EP 328 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.06.0359 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300036 ER PT J AU Rey, JI Hayes, PM Petrie, SE Corey, A Flowers, M Ohm, JB Ong, C Rhinhart, K Ross, AS AF Rey, J. I. Hayes, P. M. Petrie, S. E. Corey, A. Flowers, M. Ohm, J. B. Ong, C. Rhinhart, K. Ross, A. S. TI Production of Dryland Barley for Human Food: Quality and Agronomic Performance SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BETA-GLUCAN CONTENT; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; DIETARY FIBER; WINTER-WHEAT; GRAIN-GROWTH; STARCH; CULTIVARS; TILLAGE; OATS; POLYSACCHARIDES AB Grain beta-glucan content is the most important attribute for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties destined for the human food market. This trait is important because of the blood glucose and cholesterol-reducing properties of beta-glucans. High levels of grain protein content, test weight, and seed size and endosperm color may also add value. Seed yield potential, in part, determines the economic feasibility of producing human food varieties. To determine the potential of food barley production in the dry-land production areas of the Pacific Northwest of the United States, 33 cultivais and advanced lines reported to vary in P-glucan content were grown in 2006 and 2007 at two locations in northeastern Oregon under dryland cropping conditions. Seed yield, test weight, percentage of plump kernels, grain beta-glucan, and grain protein were measured on replicated samples from the four environments, allowino for assessment of average performance as well as genotype % environment interaction. Estimates of variance components showed that similar to 66% of the variability in beta-glucan content was attributable to genotype. Cultivars and lines with waxy starch had an average beta-glucan value of 55 g kg(-1) compared with 35 g kg(-1) for cultivars and lines with nonwaxy starch. We found significant two- and three-way interactions, but these accounted for much less of the total variation in the measured phenotypes than the main effects of variety, year, and location. Hulless accessions produced an average of 3580 kg grain ha I compared with 4260 kg grain ha I for the hulled accessions. waxy-starch varieties appear to have Hulled, the greatest agronomic potential for dryland as they combine high yield potential production, and grain beta-glucan percentage. C1 [Petrie, S. E.; Rhinhart, K.] Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Ohm, J. B.] USDA ARS, RRVARC, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Wheat Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Rey, J. I.; Hayes, P. M.; Corey, A.; Flowers, M.; Ong, C.; Ross, A. S.] Oregon State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Petrie, SE (reprint author), Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM Steven.Petrie@oregonstate.edu RI Ross, Andrew/C-7488-2013 OI Ross, Andrew/0000-0003-1509-9106 NR 54 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 347 EP 355 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.03.0184 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 407DR UT WOS:000263344300039 ER PT J AU Kushnarenko, SV Romadanova, NV Reed, BM AF Kushnarenko, Svetlana V. Romadanova, Natalia V. Reed, Barbara M. TI COLD ACCLIMATION IMPROVES REGROWTH OF CRYOPRESERVED APPLE SHOOT TIPS SO CRYOLETTERS LA English DT Article DE acclimation; cold hardiness; germplasm; long-term storage; LT(50); Malus domestica; Malus sieversii ID ENCAPSULATION-DEHYDRATION; PROPAGATED PLANTS; VITRIFICATION; PEAR; CULTURES; PRECULTURE; STORAGE AB Cryopreservation is important for safeguarding the genetic resources of apple germplasm in Kazakhstan, the center of origin for apples. In this study, conducted with five apple genotypes [Malus domestica Borkh. and Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem] we determined cold hardiness and the effect of cold acclimation on shoot tip recovery following cryopreservation using two techniques. Apple shoot tips were cold acclimated (CA) for 0 to 6 weeks and cryopreserved using PVS2 vitrification and encapsulation dehydration (ED). Cold hardiness was indicated by the temperature at which 50% of the shoot tips were lethally injured (LT(50)). For non-acclimated shoots, LT(50) ranged from -6.7 degrees C to -9.3 degrees C. These LT(50) values resembled the natural cold hardiness of field grown plants and resulted in 10-12% regrowth after cryopreservation. Acclimated plantlets had LT(50) values of -12 degrees C to -15 degrees C after I to 3 weeks CA, and after 3 weeks CA, cryopreservation resulted in 65% regrowth. There were no significant differences between the two techniques for regrowth of shoot tips after,each cold acclimation period. Overall, 2 to 5 weeks CA produced high regrowth for each of the five cultivars tested. Three weeks of alternating temperature CA can be recommended as a standard protocol for Malus germplasm cryopreservation. These conditions resulted in I moderate (60%) to high (80%) recovery for all five genotypes tested with both cryopreservation methods used. C1 [Kushnarenko, Svetlana V.; Romadanova, Natalia V.] Natl Biotechnol Ctr, Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Alma Ata 050040, Kazakhstan. [Reed, Barbara M.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Kushnarenko, SV (reprint author), Natl Biotechnol Ctr, Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Timiryazev Str 45, Alma Ata 050040, Kazakhstan. EM svetlana_bio@mail.ru OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 FU International Science and Technology Center [K-428] FX This project was funded by the International Science and Technology Center project K-428 "Germplasm preservation of fruit, berry cultures and grapes in Kazakhstan." NR 32 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU CRYO LETTERS PI LONDON PA C/O ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE, ROYAL COLLEGE ST, LONDON NW1 0TU, ENGLAND SN 0143-2044 J9 CRYOLETTERS JI CryoLetters PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 30 IS 1 BP 47 EP 54 PG 8 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 422LU UT WOS:000264430300006 PM 19274311 ER PT J AU Callaway, TR Carr, MA Edrington, TS Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ AF Callaway, Todd R. Carr, M. A. Edrington, T. S. Anderson, Robin C. Nisbet, David J. TI Diet, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Cattle: A Review After 10 Years SO CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID VOLATILE FATTY-ACIDS; BEEF FEEDLOT CATTLE; O157-H7 IN-VITRO; BOVINE FECES; RECTOANAL-JUNCTION; UNITED-STATES; PREHARVEST INTERVENTIONS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION AB Escherichia coli are commensal bacteria that can account for up to 1% of the bacterial population of the gut. Ruminant animals are reservoirs of the pathogenic bacteria E. coli strain O157:H7, and approximately 30% of feedlot cattle shed E. coli O157:H7. Feedlot and high-producing dairy cattle are fed high grain rations in order to increase feed efficiency. When cattle are fed high grain rations, some starch escapes ruminal microbial degradation and passes to the hindgut where it undergoes fermentation. Ten years ago researchers demonstrated that populations of total E. coli were higher in grain-fed than in forage-fed cattle, and when cattle were abruptly switched from a high grain diet to an all hay diet, total E. coli populations declined 1000-fold within 5 days and reduced the ability of the surviving E. coli to survive an acid shock mimicking passage through the human gastric stomach. This research provoked many questions about the effects of diet or E. coli O157:H7 populations that have not been conclusively answered to date. Subsequent research has shown that diet does affect E. coli O157:H7 populations, but the effects have varied in magnitude and impact. Further studies have demonstrated that the effects of forage feeding on E. coli O157:H7 populations may be due to concentrations of tannins and phenolic acids in forages. Other ration components such as rapidly ruminally fermented grains (e. g., barley) increase the shedding of E. coli O157:H7, and in some situations, feeding distillers grains can increase fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 due to VFA concentrations. Data from researchers across North America indicate that diet does impact STEC/EHEC populations in cattle prior to slaughter; however the economic, logistic and practical impacts of dietary changes must be examined and accounted for. C1 [Callaway, Todd R.; Edrington, T. S.; Anderson, Robin C.; Nisbet, David J.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Carr, M. A.] Natl Cattlemens Beef Assoc, Centennial, CO USA. RP Callaway, TR (reprint author), ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Todd.Callaway@ars.usda.gov NR 156 TC 83 Z9 87 U1 3 U2 33 PU HORIZON SCIENTIFIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA PO BOX 1, NORFOLK, WYMONDHAM NR18 0JA, ENGLAND SN 1467-3037 J9 CURR ISSUES MOL BIOL JI Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. PY 2009 VL 11 BP 67 EP 79 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 441WG UT WOS:000265800600001 PM 19351974 ER PT J AU Sauer, J Mason, JB Choi, SW AF Sauer, Julia Mason, Joel B. Choi, Sang-Woon TI Too much folate: a risk factor for cancer and cardiovascular disease? SO CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular disease; colorectal cancer; folate; folic acid fortification ID FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; DNA METHYLATION; DIETARY-FOLATE; PLASMA FOLATE; BREAST-CANCER; B-VITAMINS; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; URACIL MISINCORPORATION AB Purpose of review The intent of this evidence-based review is to analyze the role of folate in chronic diseases, focusing on cancer and cardiovascular disease. Recent findings Low folate status has been shown to be a risk factor for cancer and cardiovascular disease. Although epidemiological data suggest an inverse association between folate status and disease risk, intervention studies give equivocal results, suggesting the response to folate intake does not follow a linear continuum. Moreover, recent folate intervention trials raise concern about possible adverse effects of folate supplementation and suggest that too much folate in inopportune settings may be potentially harmful in individuals at higher risk for cardiovascular disease and cancer. Summary Although folate intake at sufficient levels appears to be an effective cancer chemopreventive strategy, high-dose supplementation of folate has generally not been effective in reducing recurrence of cardiovascular events or colorectal adenomas in clinical intervention trials. Although controversial, high folate status achieved through folate fortification or supplementation may increase the risk of certain chronic diseases among certain individuals, possibly by interfering with the homeostasis of one-carbon metabolism. Further research is urgently needed to accurately define the relationship between supraphysiological intake of folate and chronic diseases. C1 [Sauer, Julia; Mason, Joel B.; Choi, Sang-Woon] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Choi, SW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM sang.choi@tufts.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [58195\0-9-001]; National Institute of Health [R21 AA1 6681, R01 AG25834, U54 CA10097, K05 CA1 00048] FX This article is based upon work supported by the US Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58195\0-9-001. Any opinions, findings, conclusion or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. Authors do not have any competing interest, This project has been supported in part by the National Institute of Health Grants R21 AA1 6681 and R01 AG25834 (S.-W.C.) and the National Institute of Health Grants U54 CA10097 and K05 CA1 00048 O.B.M.). NR 56 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1363-1950 J9 CURR OPIN CLIN NUTR JI Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care PD JAN PY 2009 VL 12 IS 1 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32831cec62 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 391CN UT WOS:000262210800005 PM 19057184 ER PT J AU Bolling, BW Chen, CYO Blumberg, JB AF Bolling, Bradley W. Chen, Chung-Yen Oliver Blumberg, Jeffrey B. TI Tea and health: preventive and therapeutic usefulness in the elderly? SO CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE LA English DT Article DE cancer; cardiovascular disease; catechins; elderly; tea; weight control ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; GASTRIC-CANCER RISK; GREEN TEA; BLACK TEA; ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; PROSTATE-CANCER; OVARIAN-CANCER; PANCREATIC-CANCER; GLUCOSE CONTROL AB Purpose of review To update the growing literature suggesting that tea and its constituent flavonoids are inversely related to the risk of chronic diseases common among the elderly. Recent findings Results are provided from recent observational studies and clinical trials on the relationship of tea and tea catechins to body weight control and energy metabolism, impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes, cardiovascular disease, bone mineral density, cognitive function and neurodegenerative disease, and cancer. The evidence for the efficacy and potency of tea and tea extracts in benefiting these outcomes ranges from compelling for cardiovascular disease to equivocal at best for some forms of cancer. Summary Although randomized clinical trials of tea have generally been of short duration and with small sample sizes, together with experimental and epidemiological studies, the totality of the data suggests a role for tea in health promotion as a beverage absent in calories and rich in phytochemicals. Further research is warranted on the putative benefits of tea and the potential for synergy among its constituent flavonoidS, L-theanine, and caffeine. C1 [Bolling, Bradley W.; Chen, Chung-Yen Oliver; Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Blumberg, JB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jeffrey.blumberg@tufts.edu OI Bolling, Bradley/0000-0002-4222-2467 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [K12 GM074869] NR 82 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 16 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1363-1950 EI 1473-6519 J9 CURR OPIN CLIN NUTR JI Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care PD JAN PY 2009 VL 12 IS 1 BP 42 EP 48 DI 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32831b9c48 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 391CN UT WOS:000262210800007 PM 19057186 ER PT J AU Davis, TA Fiorotto, ML AF Davis, Teresa A. Fiorotto, Marta L. TI Regulation of muscle growth in neonates SO CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE LA English DT Article DE amino acids; insulin; mammalian target of rapamycin; protein synthesis; satellite cell ID STIMULATES PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; RAT SKELETAL-MUSCLE; SATELLITE-CELL-PROLIFERATION; INSULIN-SIGNALING PATHWAY; AMINO-ACIDS; TRANSLATION INITIATION; MAMMALIAN TARGET; STEM-CELL; DEVELOPMENTAL REGULATION; POSTNATAL MYOGENESIS AB Purpose of review This review reports recent findings on the multiple factors that regulate skeletal muscle growth in neonates. Recent findings Skeletal muscle is the fastest growing protein mass in neonates. The high rate of neonatal muscle growth is due to accelerated rates of protein synthesis accompanied by the rapid accumulation of muscle nuclei. Feeding profoundly stimulates muscle protein synthesis in neonates and the response decreases with age. The feeding-induced stimulation of muscle protein synthesis is modulated by enhanced sensitivity to the postprandial rise in insulin and amino acids. Insulin and amino acid signaling components have been identified that are involved in the feeding-induced stimulation of protein synthesis in neonatal muscle. The enhanced activation of these signaling components in skeletal muscle of the neonate contributes to the high rate of muscle protein synthesis and rapid gain in muscle protein mass in neonates. Summary Recent findings suggest that the immature muscle has a heightened capacity to activate signaling cascades that promote translation initiation in response to the postprandial rise in insulin and amino acids thereby enabling their efficient utilization for muscle growth. This capacity is further supported by enhanced satellite cell proliferation, but C1 [Davis, Teresa A.; Fiorotto, Marta L.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tdavis@bcm.tmc.edu FU National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease Institute [AR-44474, AR-46308]; USDA/ARS [58-6250-6-001] FX This project has been funded in part by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease Institute grant numbers AR-44474 and AR-46308 and the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement no. 58-6250-6-001. The content of this paper is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Health or the US Department of Agriculture. NR 87 TC 82 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1363-1950 J9 CURR OPIN CLIN NUTR JI Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care PD JAN PY 2009 VL 12 IS 1 BP 78 EP 85 DI 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32831cef9f PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 391CN UT WOS:000262210800013 PM 19057192 ER PT J AU Willis, LM Shukitt-Hale, B Joseph, JA AF Willis, Lauren M. Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Joseph, James A. TI Recent advances in berry supplementation and age-related cognitive decline SO CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE LA English DT Article DE aged; antioxidant; berry; cognition; hippocampus; oxidative stress; polyphenol ID BLUEBERRY EXTRACT; BRAIN; ANTHOCYANINS; BEHAVIOR; STRESS; RATS AB Purpose of review To summarize recent findings and current concepts in the beneficial effects of berry consumption on brain function during aging. Recent findings Berryfruit supplementation has continued to demonstrate efficacy in reversing age-related cognitive decline in animal studies. In terms of the mechanisms behind the effects of berries on the central nervous system, recent studies have demonstrated the bioavailability of berry polyphenols in several animal models. These studies have revealed that flavonoids and polyphenols from berries do accumulate in the brain following long-term consumption. Finally, several compelling studies have revealed that berries can influence cell-signaling cascades both in vivo and in cell culture systems. These studies underscore the developing theory that berries and antioxidant-rich foods may be acting as more than just oxygen radical neutralizers in the aging central nervous system. Summary Antioxidant-rich berries consumed in the diet can positively impact learning and memory in the aged animal. This effect on cognition is thought to be due to the direct interaction of berry polyphenols with aging neurons, reducing the impact of stress-related cellular signals and increasing the capacity of neurons to maintain proper functioning during aging. C1 [Willis, Lauren M.; Shukitt-Hale, Barbara; Joseph, James A.] Tufts Univ, USDA ARS, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Joseph, JA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA ARS, HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM james.joseph@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 8 U2 20 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1363-1950 J9 CURR OPIN CLIN NUTR JI Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care PD JAN PY 2009 VL 12 IS 1 BP 91 EP 94 DI 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32831b9c6e PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 391CN UT WOS:000262210800015 PM 19057194 ER PT J AU Islam-Faridi, MN Nelson, CD DiFazio, SP Gunter, LE Tuskan, GA AF Islam-Faridi, M. N. Nelson, C. D. DiFazio, S. P. Gunter, L. E. Tuskan, G. A. TI Cytogenetic Analysis of Populus trichocarpa - Ribosomal DNA, Telomere Repeat Sequence, and Marker-selected BACs SO CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE BAC; FISH; Populus trichocarpa; rDNA; Telomere ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAPS; FINE PHYSICAL MAP; P-TRICHOCARPA; RAPD MARKERS; RICE; RECOMBINATION; RESOLUTION; PLANTS AB The 18S-28S rDNA and 5S rDNA loci in Populus trichocarpa were localized using fluorescent in situ hybridization ( FISH). Two 18S-28S rDNA sites and one 5S rDNA site were identified and located at the ends of 3 different chromosomes. FISH signals from the Arabidopsis-type telomere repeat sequence were observed at the distal ends of each chromosome. Six BAC clones selected from 2 linkage groups based on genome sequence assembly (LG-I and LG-VI) were localized on 2 chromosomes, as expected. BACs from LG-I hybridized to the longest chromosome in the complement. All BAC positions were found to be concordant with sequence assembly positions. BAC-FISH will be useful for delineating each of the Populus trichocarpa chromosomes and improving the sequence assembly of this model angiosperm tree species. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Islam-Faridi, M. N.] Texas A&M Univ, So Inst Forest Genet, US Forest Serv,Forest Tree Mol Cytogenet Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management,So Res Stn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Nelson, C. D.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, So Inst Forest Genet, Saucier, MS USA. [DiFazio, S. P.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Gunter, L. E.; Tuskan, G. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Islam-Faridi, MN (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Forest Sci Lab, 2585 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM nfaridi@tamu.edu RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; Gunter, Lee/L-3480-2016 OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Gunter, Lee/0000-0003-1211-7532 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; NSF [0421743]; Southern Research Station (U.S. Forest Service) FX Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences Program and by the NSF Plant Genome Program Project 0421743. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Additional funding was provided by Southern Research Station (U.S. Forest Service). We thank Dr. Max Cheng (University of Tennessee) for plant materials, and Dr. Thomas Byram (Texas Forest Service) and Dr. David Stelly (Texas A&M University) for greenhouse and microscopy facilities, respectively. NR 35 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8581 J9 CYTOGENET GENOME RES JI Cytogenet. Genome Res. PY 2009 VL 125 IS 1 BP 74 EP 80 DI 10.1159/000218749 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 472CO UT WOS:000268107000010 PM 19617699 ER PT J AU Stack, SM Royer, SM Shearer, LA Chang, SB Giovannoni, JJ Westfall, DH White, RA Anderson, LK AF Stack, S. M. Royer, S. M. Shearer, L. A. Chang, S. B. Giovannoni, J. J. Westfall, D. H. White, R. A. Anderson, L. K. TI Role of Fluorescence in situ Hybridization in Sequencing the Tomato Genome SO CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE FISH; Genome; Tomato; Sequencing ID MEIOTIC PACHYTENE CHROMOSOMES; GENETICALLY MAPPED LOCI; EXTENDED DNA FIBERS; LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; NUCLEAR-DNA; PERICENTROMERIC HETEROCHROMATIN; SYNAPTONEMAL COMPLEXES; 2-DIMENSIONAL SPREADS; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA AB The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genome is being sequenced by a consortium of laboratories in 10 countries. Seventy-seven percent of the tomato genome (DNA) is located in repeat-rich, gene-poor, pericentric heterochromatin, while 23% of the genome is located in repeat-poor, gene-rich, distal euchromatin. It is estimated that approximately 90% of tomato's nuclear genes can be characterized by limiting the sequencing effort to euchromatin while avoiding the problems involved in sequencing the repetitive DNA in heterochromatin. Sequencing is being performed on tomato nuclear DNA cloned into bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vectors. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is used to help direct the sequencing effort by cytologically demonstrating the location of selected BACs on tomato chromosomes. While mitotic metaphase chromosomes are too short and compact for this purpose, long pachytene chromosomes are ideal. BACs localized in euchromatin can be used confidently as anchors for the assembly of BAC contigs that extend through the euchromatic length of each chromosome arm. Another important role for FISH is identification of BACs near telomeres and near borders with pericentric heterochromatin to indicate that sequencing should not extend much further. This role of FISH is enhanced by our ability to estimate base pair distances between localized BACs and these chromosomal features. Finally, it is noteworthy that when BAC-FISH is combined with chromosomal in situ suppression (CISS) hybridization to block repeats and localize single/low copy sequences, the great majority of BACs localize to single sites. This observation is consistent with tomato being an ancient diploid. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Stack, S. M.; Royer, S. M.; Shearer, L. A.; Westfall, D. H.; Anderson, L. K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Stack, S. M.; Anderson, L. K.] Colorado State Univ, Program Mol Plant Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Giovannoni, J. J.; White, R. A.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert Holley Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, J. J.; White, R. A.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Chang, S. B.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Agron, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Stack, SM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM sstack@lamar.colostate.edu FU National Science Foundations [DBI-0116076, DBI-0421634, MCB-0314644] FX This work was supported in part by National Science Foundations Grants DBI-0116076 (J.J.G., S.M.S.), DBI-0421634 (J.J.G., S.M.S.), and MCB-0314644 (L.K.A.). NR 46 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 15 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8581 J9 CYTOGENET GENOME RES JI Cytogenet. Genome Res. PY 2009 VL 124 IS 3-4 BP 339 EP 350 DI 10.1159/000218137 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 466GA UT WOS:000267648000014 PM 19556785 ER PT B AU Friedman, M AF Friedman, Mendel BE Konno, R Bruckner, H DAniello, A Fisher, GH Fujii, N Homma, H TI NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF D-AMINO ACIDS SO D-AMINO ACIDS: PRACTICAL METHODS AND PROTOCOLS, VOL 2: FREE D-AMINO ACIDS SE D-Amino Acids Practical Methods and Protocols LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE D-amino acid nutrition; mouse bioassay; protein digestibility; antinutritional effects; toxic effects; food processing; food safety; racemization ID METHIONINE-CONTAINING SOLUTION; D-ASPARTIC ACID; RACEMIZATION KINETICS; D-TRYPTOPHAN; L-CYSTEINE; L-ARGININE; D-TYROSINE; LYSINOALANINE; PROTEINS; SAFETY C1 Agr Res Serv, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM Mendel.Friedman@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60741-377-6 J9 D AMINO ACIDS PRACT PY 2009 BP 159 EP 174 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BMS26 UT WOS:000273444900017 ER PT S AU Qi, PX AF Qi, P. X. BE Corredig, M TI Studies of the biological function and structure of casein micelles, and future implications SO DAIRY-DERIVED INGREDIENTS: FOOD AND NUTRACEUTICAL USES SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE casein micelles; structure; protein-protein interaction; biological function; TEM ID INTRINSICALLY UNSTRUCTURED PROTEINS; ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; NATIVELY UNFOLDED PROTEINS; RAT MAMMARY-GLAND; KAPPA-CASEIN; BOVINE CASEIN; BETA-CASEIN; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; GOLGI-APPARATUS; X-RAY AB At the heart of the milk system are the colloidal casein-calcium-transport complexes termed the casein micelles. Despite extensive research in more than half a century, accomplished by the application of a wide range of physical techniques such as light, neutron, and X-ray scattering, and Electron Microscopy ( EM), the molecular details of casein micelles and the main contributing forces that stabilize them in milk remain controversial and still sustain interest and effort in the dairy science research community. Among various proposed molecular models, two main conflicting theories about the internal structure of casein micelles have emerged. One places the emphasis on the four main protein constituents, alpha(s1-), alpha(s2-), beta- and kappa-casein in the micelles, while the other proposes that inorganic calcium phosphate nano-clusters are the dominant players in holding the micelles together. In this chapter, casein micelles are examined in the light of recent advances in understanding protein-protein interactions (associations) and protein structure-function relationships. The biological significance of casein micelles, in relation to their unique construct, allows for an efficient transit through the mammary secretory apparatus and this is critically assessed, in addition to the existing overwhelming amount of evidence supporting the argument that proteinaceous complexes act as the formative agents in the synthesis of casein micelles in mammary tissue; in other words, that protein-protein interactions are paramount in the formation and stabilization of casein micelles. C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Qi, PX (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Phoebe.Qi@ars.usda.gov NR 100 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-719-8 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 182 BP 147 EP 169 DI 10.1533/9781845697198.2.147 D2 10.1533/9781845697198 PG 23 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BNY16 UT WOS:000275866700007 ER PT S AU Tomasula, PM AF Tomasula, P. M. BE Corredig, M TI Using dairy ingredients to produce edible films and biodegradable packaging materials SO DAIRY-DERIVED INGREDIENTS: FOOD AND NUTRACEUTICAL USES SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE edible films and coatings; packaging; renewable materials; dairy proteins; casein; whey; barrier properties ID WATER-VAPOR PERMEABILITY; WHEY-PROTEIN FILMS; ENZYMATIC CROSS-LINKING; PRESSURE CARBON-DIOXIDE; LIPID EMULSION FILMS; CASEIN FILMS; MILK-PROTEIN; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; OXYGEN PERMEABILITY; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES AB Major food retailers and consumers are concerned about the waste that packaging generates and the scarce natural resources and energy used in its manufacture. Edible films and coatings made from food-grade proteins and carbohydrates are an untapped source of renewable material that, while compostable and biodegradable, can also be consumed with the food product. This chapter focuses on films and coatings made from dairy proteins with an emphasis on those based on casein and whey, the major proteins found in milk, and the research efforts that have been undertaken to improve their mechanical and barrier properties. C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tomasula, PM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Peggy.Tomasula@ars.usda.gov NR 125 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-719-8 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 182 BP 589 EP 624 DI 10.1533/9781845697198.3.589 D2 10.1533/9781845697198 PG 36 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BNY16 UT WOS:000275866700024 ER PT J AU Sen, TZ Andorf, CM Schaeffer, ML Harper, LC Sparks, ME Duvick, J Brendel, VP Cannon, E Campbell, DA Lawrence, CJ AF Sen, Taner Z. Andorf, Carson M. Schaeffer, Mary L. Harper, Lisa C. Sparks, Michael E. Duvick, Jon Brendel, Volker P. Cannon, Ethalinda Campbell, Darwin A. Lawrence, Carolyn J. TI MaizeGDB becomes 'sequence-centric' SO DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION LA English DT Article AB MaizeGDB is the maize research community's central repository for genetic and genomic information about the crop plant and research model Zea mays ssp. mays. The MaizeGDB team endeavors to meet research needs as they evolve based on researcher feedback and guidance. Recent work has focused on better integrating existing data with sequence information as it becomes available for the B73, Mo17 and Palomero Toluqueno genomes. Major endeavors along these lines include the implementation of a genome browser to graphically represent genome sequences; implementation of POPcorn, a portal ancillary to MaizeGDB that offers access to independent maize projects and will allow BLAST similarity searches of participating projects' data sets from a single point; and a joint MaizeGDB/PlantGDB project to involve the maize community in genome annotation. In addition to summarizing recent achievements and future plans, this article also discusses specific examples of community involvement in setting priorities and design aspects of MaizeGDB, which should be of interest to other database and resource providers seeking to better engage their users. MaizeGDB is accessible online at http://www.maizegdb.org. Database URL: http://www.maizegdb.org C1 [Sen, Taner Z.; Andorf, Carson M.; Campbell, Darwin A.; Lawrence, Carolyn J.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Sen, Taner Z.; Sparks, Michael E.; Duvick, Jon; Brendel, Volker P.; Cannon, Ethalinda; Lawrence, Carolyn J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schaeffer, Mary L.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Schaeffer, Mary L.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Harper, Lisa C.] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Harper, Lisa C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brendel, Volker P.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lawrence, CJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM carolyn.lawrence@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; National Science Foundation [DBI 0743804, 0606909] FX U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; National Science Foundation (grant numbers DBI 0743804 and 0606909). Funding for open access charge: U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1758-0463 J9 DATABASE-OXFORD JI Database PY 2009 AR bap020 DI 10.1093/database/bap020 PG 9 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA V21EQ UT WOS:000208191300020 ER PT S AU Bacon, CW Hinton, DM Glenn, AE AF Bacon, Charles W. Hinton, Dorothy M. Glenn, Anthony E. BE White, JF Torres, MS TI Endophytic Niche and Grass Defense SO DEFENSIVE MUTUALISM IN MICROBIAL SYMBIOSIS SE Mycology Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INFECTED TALL FESCUE; NEOTYPHODIUM-COENOPHIALUM-ENDOPHYTE; FESTUCA-ARUNDINACEA SCHREB.; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; FUNGAL ENDOPHYTE; EPICHLOE-TYPHINA; BALANSIA-EPICHLOE; ERGOT ALKALOIDS; LOLINE ALKALOIDS; ACREMONIUM-COENOPHIALUM C1 [Bacon, Charles W.; Hinton, Dorothy M.; Glenn, Anthony E.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA USA. RP Bacon, CW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA USA. NR 165 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 0730-9597 BN 978-1-4200-6931-0 J9 MYCOL SER JI MYCOLOGY S PY 2009 VL 27 BP 385 EP 404 D2 10.1201/9781420069327 PG 20 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA BKJ99 UT WOS:000268336300023 ER PT S AU Glahn, R AF Glahn, R. BE McClements, DJ Decker, EA TI The use of Caco-2 cells in defining nutrient bioavailability: application to iron bioavailability of foods SO DESIGNING FUNCTIONAL FOODS: MEASURING AND CONTROLLING FOOD STRUCTURE BREAKDOWN AND NUTRIENT ABSORPTION SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Caco-2; bioavailability; in vitro; cell culture; food iron ID IN-VITRO DIGESTION; SERUM-FREE MEDIUM; INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; TROPICAL MAIZE VARIETIES; CULTURE MODEL; PHYTIC ACID; MONOFERRIC PHYTATE; ASCORBIC-ACID; NONHEME-IRON; HUMAN-MILK AB In vitro models can be useful tools in developing objectives that warrant testing in animal and human subjects. For nutrient absorption studies, Caco-2 cell monolayers have been widely used for defining certain aspects of nutrient uptake and transfer across epithelial cells. For a practical example, Caco-2 cell monolayers have been applied as a screening tool to address the food factors associated with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). IDA is the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide and is primarily due to poor dietary Fe bioavailability. Development of foods with improved iron bioavailability is essential to alleviating this critical deficiency. Human and animal studies of iron absorption from food are time-consuming, expensive and offer limited capacity to address luminal interactions of iron and food ingredients. These factors have led scientists to pursue rapid, high-throughput in vitro methods that enable analysis of food-iron interactions and prediction of Fe bioavailability for humans. As a result, a simulation of in vitro digestion combined with Caco-2 cell monolayers was developed. The primary reason for this evolution of methodology is the fact that Fe solubility does not always correlate with Fe availability. Addition of the Caco-2 cell monolayer adds a living component to the model system that in theory should reflect the key step in iron bioavailability (i.e. uptake of iron by the enterocyte). In vitro digestion and Caco-2 cell culture conditions can vary significantly, and if proper physiological and cell culture principles are not applied, then the in vitro method can generate results that are not a true reflection of in vivo effects. Therefore, it is critical that an in vitro model be assessed under a broad range of conditions and validated against known effects in humans. This review summarizes the development, validation, and application of currently the most broadly applied in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model, providing it as an example of how epithelial cell lines can be used in practical nutrition research. C1 [Glahn, R.] Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Glahn, R.] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Div Nutr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Glahn, R (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rpg3@cornell.edu NR 78 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-432-6 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 177 BP 340 EP 361 DI 10.1533/9781845696603.2.340 D2 10.1533/9781845696603 PG 22 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BOC96 UT WOS:000276208600014 ER PT S AU Abrams, SA AF Abrams, S. A. BE McClements, DJ Decker, EA TI Using stable isotopes to determine mineral bioavailability of functional foods SO DESIGNING FUNCTIONAL FOODS: MEASURING AND CONTROLLING FOOD STRUCTURE BREAKDOWN AND NUTRIENT ABSORPTION SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE calcium absorption; iron; zinc; stable isotopes; mineral metabolism ID ENHANCES CALCIUM-ABSORPTION; INULIN-TYPE FRUCTANS; FRACTIONAL ABSORPTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SMALL CHILDREN; IRON; ZINC; MAGNESIUM; HUMANS AB Mineral stable isotopes allow for the direct assessment of mineral absorption in all population groups. The most widely used in human nutrition are calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron. These can be used to demonstrate the effects of interventions, including the use of functional foods, on mineral absorption both from an individual meal and from whole diets. Methodologies are safe, practical and well tolerated, even by small children. C1 [Abrams, S. A.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS,Sect Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Abrams, S. A.] Baylor Coll Med, Sect Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Abrams, S. A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abrams, SA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS,Sect Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM sabrams@bcm.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-432-6 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 177 BP 415 EP 428 DI 10.1533/9781845696603.2.415 D2 10.1533/9781845696603 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BOC96 UT WOS:000276208600017 ER PT J AU Majji, S Thodima, V Arnizaut, A Deng, Y May, W Sittman, D Waldbieser, GC Hanson, L Cuchens, MA Bengten, E Chinchar, VG AF Majji, S. Thodima, V. Arnizaut, A. Deng, Y. May, W. Sittman, D. Waldbieser, G. C. Hanson, L. Cuchens, M. A. Bengten, E. Chinchar, V. G. TI Expression profiles of cloned channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) lymphoid cell lines and mixed lymphocyte cultures SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microarray analysis; Catfish B cell line; Catfish cytotoxic T cell lines; Catfish macrophage cell line; Real-time PCR ID IMMUNE-TYPE RECEPTOR; CDNA MICROARRAY EXPERIMENTS; 1918 INFLUENZA-VIRUS; CYTOTOXIC T-CELLS; NK-LIKE CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; PARALICHTHYS-OLIVACEUS; JAPANESE FLOUNDER; HOST IMMUNE AB Clonal channel catfish lymphoid cell lines and mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLCs) have proven extremely useful in examining immune responses at the cellular and molecular levels. To date clonal catfish cell lines and MLCs have been biologically and phenotypically characterized using a variety of techniques including reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), as well as Northern and Southern blotting. To expand the molecular characterization of these cultures, microarray analysis was employed. Clonal B (31311), macrophage (42TA), and cytotoxic T cell (TS32.15 and TS32.17) lines and MLCs were examined using a cDNA array containing similar to 2500 probes derived from EST libraries prepared from the 42TA macrophage cell line, a MLC, and 5-14-day-old catfish fry. Analysis showed that each cell line displayed a unique RNA expression profile that included a variety of immune-related genes. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that one cytotoxic T cell line (TS32.15) clustered with the MLC, whereas a second cytotoxic T cell line (TS32.17) was more closely associated with a second cluster containing B cells and macrophages. This study illustrates the utility of microarray analyses in profiling RNA expression patterns in catfish lymphoid cell lines and will serve as a platform for examining catfish immune responses following virus infection or poly [I:C] treatment. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Majji, S.; Cuchens, M. A.; Bengten, E.; Chinchar, V. G.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Thodima, V.; Deng, Y.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Arnizaut, A.; Hanson, L.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [May, W.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Sittman, D.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Waldbieser, G. C.] ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Chinchar, VG (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol, 2500 N State St, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM vchinchar@microbio.umsmed.edu FU USDA [2002-35204-12211]; National Center for Research Resources [RR-016476]; University of Mississippi Medical Center's Intramural Research FX This work was partially supported by awards from the USDA (2002-35204-12211), the National Center for Research Resources (Mississippi Functional Genomics Network-INBRE, award no. RR-016476), and the University of Mississippi Medical Center's Intramural Research Support Program. We would like to thank Stephanie Warren for technical assistance with the microarray studies. NR 63 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2009 VL 33 IS 2 BP 224 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2008.08.010 PG 11 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 389CA UT WOS:000262066600011 PM 18824023 ER PT J AU Lunney, JK Ho, CS Wysocki, M Smith, DM AF Lunney, Joan K. Ho, Chak-Sum Wysocki, Michal Smith, Douglas M. TI Molecular genetics of the swine major histocompatibility complex, the SLA complex SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Swine leukocyte antigen complex; SLA haplotypes; Swine MHC; Transplantation; Genetic control of immunity; Vaccination; Class I MHC; Class II MHC ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; CLASS-I GENES; MHC CLASS-I; CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS; MOUTH-DISEASE-VIRUS; LYMPHOCYTE ALLOANTIGENS SLA; ATROPHIC RHINITIS VACCINES; CARCASS COMPOSITION TRAITS; DEFINED MINIATURE PIGS AB The swine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) or swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) complex is one of the most gene-dense regions in the swine genome. It consists of three major gene clusters, the SLA class I, class III and class II regions, that span similar to 1.1, 0.7 and 0.5 Mb, respectively, making the swine MHC the smallest among mammalian MHC so far examined and the only one known to span the centromere. This review summarizes recent updates to the Immuno Polymorphism Database-MHC (IPD-MHC) website (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ipd/mhc/sla/) which serves as the repository for maintaining a list of all SLA recognized genes and their allelic sequences. It reviews the expression of SLA proteins on cell subsets and their role in antigen presentation and regulating immune responses. It concludes by discussing the role of SLA genes in swine models of transplantation, xenotransplantation, cancer and allergy and in swine production traits and responses to infectious disease and vaccines. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lunney, Joan K.] ARS, USDA, ANRI, APDL,BARC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ho, Chak-Sum; Smith, Douglas M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Lunney, JK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ANRI, APDL,BARC, Bldg 1040,Room 103,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Joan.Lunney@ars.usda.gov RI Ho, Chak-Sum/C-7252-2008 NR 183 TC 67 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X EI 1879-0089 J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2009 VL 33 IS 3 SI SI BP 362 EP 374 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2008.07.002 PG 13 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 400NL UT WOS:000262874900011 PM 18760302 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Simar, D Singh, MAF AF Wang, Yi Simar, David Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone TI Adaptations to exercise training within skeletal muscle in adults with type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance: a systematic review SO DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE muscle adaptation; exercise; type 2 diabetes; impaired glucose tolerance; systematic review ID HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE DIET; NA+-K+-ATPASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; AEROBIC EXERCISE; UNCOUPLING PROTEIN-3; PUMP CONCENTRATION; GLYCOGEN-SYNTHASE; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; GLUT4 CONTENT AB The aim of this investigation was to review morphological and metabolic adaptations within skeletal muscle to exercise training in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). A comprehensive, systematic database search for manuscripts was performed from 1966 to March 2008 using computerized databases, including Medline, Premedline, CINAHL, AMED, EMBASE and SportDiscus. Three reviewers independently assessed studies for potential inclusion (exposure to exercise training, T2DM or IGT, muscle biopsy performed). A total of 18 exercise training studies were reviewed. All morphological and metabolic outcomes from muscle biopsies were collected. The metabolic outcomes were divided into six domains: glycogen, glucose facilitated transporter 4 (GLUT4) and insulin signalling, enzymes, markers of inflammation, lipids metabolism and so on. Beneficial adaptations to exercise were seen primarily in muscle fiber area and capillary density, glycogen, glycogen synthase and GLUT4 protein expressions. Few randomized controlled trials including muscle biopsy data existed, with a small number of subjects involved. More trials, especially robustly designed exercise training studies, are needed in this field. Future research should focus on the insulin signalling pathway to better understand the mechanism of the improvements in insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in response to various modalities and doses of exercise in this cohort. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. [Wang, Yi; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Hlth & Performance Fac Res Grp, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Simar, David] Univ New S Wales, Fac Med, Sch Med Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Singh, MAF (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Fac Med, K221,Cumberland Campus,75 E St, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. EM m.singh@usyd.edu.au OI Simar, David/0000-0002-3862-1932 FU University of Sydney International Postgraduate Research Scholarship FX Yi Wang was supported by University of Sydney International Postgraduate Research Scholarship. NR 75 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1520-7552 J9 DIABETES-METAB RES JI Diabetes-Metab. Res. Rev. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 25 IS 1 BP 13 EP 40 DI 10.1002/dmrr.928 PG 28 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 402KU UT WOS:000263013400002 PM 19143033 ER PT J AU Kabagambe, EK Glasser, SP Ordovas, JM Warodomwichit, D Tsai, MY Hopkins, PN Borecki, IB Wojczynski, M Arnett, DK AF Kabagambe, Edmond K. Glasser, Stephen P. Ordovas, Jose M. Warodomwichit, Daruneewan Tsai, Michael Y. Hopkins, Paul N. Borecki, Ingrid B. Wojczynski, Mary Arnett, Donna K. TI TCF7L2 polymorphisms and inflammatory markers before and after treatment with fenofibrate SO DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME LA English DT Article AB Background: Inflammation is implicated in causing diabetes. We tested whether transcription factor 7 like-2 (TCF7L2) gene polymorphisms (rs12255372 and rs7903146), consistently associated with type 2 diabetes, are associated with plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers before and after three weeks of daily treatment with fenofibrate. Methods: Men and women in the Genetics of Lipid-Lowering Drugs and Diet Network study (n = 1025, age 49 +/- 16 y) were included. All participants suspended use of lipid-lowering drugs for three weeks and were then given 160 mg/day of fenofibrate for three weeks. Inflammatory markers and lipids were measured before and after fenofibrate. ANOVA was used to test for differences across TCF7L2 genotypes. Results: Under the additive or dominant model, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the concentrations of inflammatory markers (hsCRP, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-alpha and MCP-1) across TCF7L2 genotypes in the period before or after treatment. For both rs12255372 and rs7903146, homozygote T-allele carriers had significantly higher (P < 0.05) post-fenofibrate concentrations of MCP-1 in the recessive model. No other significant associations were detected. Conclusion: Overall these data show no association between TCF7L2 polymorphisms and the inflammatory markers suggesting that the effects of TCF7L2 on diabetes may not be via inflammation. C1 [Kabagambe, Edmond K.; Wojczynski, Mary; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Kabagambe, Edmond K.; Wojczynski, Mary; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama, Clin Nutr Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Glasser, Stephen P.] Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Warodomwichit, Daruneewan] Mahidol Univ, Ramathibodi Hosp, Dept Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Tsai, Michael Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hopkins, Paul N.] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. [Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Div Stat Genom, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. [Wojczynski, Mary] Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Sect Stat Genet, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Kabagambe, EK (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM edmondk@uab.edu; sglasser@uab.edu; jose.ordovas@tufts.edu; daruneewan@yahoo.com; tsaix001@umn.edu; paul.hopkins@utah.edu; ingrid@dsgmail.wustl.edu; mkwojc@gmail.com; arnett@uab.edu OI Kabagambe, Edmond/0000-0002-8993-3186; Glasser, Stephen/0000-0001-9620-6406 FU NHLBI [U01HL072524-04]; American Heart Association [0635323N] FX We are grateful to the staff of the GOLDN study for the assistance in data collection and management. This study was funded by NHLBI grant number U01HL072524-04. EKK is also supported by grant 0635323N from the American Heart Association. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1758-5996 J9 DIABETOL METAB SYNDR JI Diabetol. Metab. Syndr. PY 2009 VL 1 AR 16 DI 10.1186/1758-5996-1-16 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA V17DP UT WOS:000207918200016 PM 19825152 ER PT B AU Thompson, FC AF Thompson, F. Christian BE Pape, T Bickel, D Meier, R TI NEARCTIC DIPTERA: TWENTY YEARS LATER SO DIPTERA DIVERSITY: STATUS, CHALLENGES AND TOOLS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ANIMAL NAMES; REVISION; SYRPHIDAE; NORTH; TAXONOMY; FAMILY C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Thompson, FC (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst, NHB 0169, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM chris.thompson@ars.usda.gov NR 184 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-18100-7; 978-90-04-14897-0 PY 2009 BP 3 EP 46 D2 10.1163/ej.9789004148970.I-459 PG 44 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BZP10 UT WOS:000302311900002 ER PT J AU Ruth, M Kirshen, PH Coelho, D AF Ruth, Matthias Kirshen, Paul H. Coelho, Dana BE Ruth, M Ibarraran, ME TI Climate change and cities: differential impacts and adaptation options in industrial countries SO DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND DISASTERS: CONCEPTS AND CASES SE New Horizons in Environmental Economics LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CARBON LOCK-IN; URBAN-GROWTH C1 [Ruth, Matthias] Ctr Integrat Environm Res, Div Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ruth, Matthias] Sch Publ Policy, Environm Policy Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ruth, Matthias] Univ Maryland, Engn & Publ Policy Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Coelho, Dana] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Coelho, Dana] Ctr Integrat Environm Res, College Pk, MD USA. [Kirshen, Paul H.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Kirshen, Paul H.] Tufts Univ, Water Syst Sci & Soc Grad Educ Program, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Kirshen, Paul H.] Tufts Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Ruth, M (reprint author), Ctr Integrat Environm Res, Div Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84844-037-1 J9 NEW HORIZ ENVIRON EC PY 2009 BP 124 EP 150 PG 27 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BSX10 UT WOS:000285995700008 ER PT J AU Lin, YL Li, SJ Zhu, Y Bingol, G Pan, Z McHugh, TH AF Lin, Y. L. Li, S. J. Zhu, Y. Bingol, G. Pan, Z. McHugh, Tara H. TI Heat and Mass Transfer Modeling of Apple Slices Under Simultaneous Infrared Dry Blanching and Dehydration Process SO DRYING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apple; Blanching; Dehydration; Finite element method; Infrared ID INACTIVATION KINETICS; THERMAL INACTIVATION; SIMULATION; VEGETABLES; PARAMETERS; DIFFUSION; RADIATION; ENZYMES; AIR AB To develop a new simultaneous infrared dry blanching and dehydration process for producing high-quality blanched and partially dehydrated products, apple slices with three different thicknesses, 5, 9, and 13mm, were heated using infrared for up to 10min at 4000W/m2 IR intensity. The surface and center temperatures, moisture change, and enzymatic activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) of apple slices were determined. The models of heat and mass transfer and enzyme inactivation were developed for predicting the blanching and dehydration performance. In the model development, the apple slices were assumed as one dimensional with heat and mass transfer only occurring in one direction. The enzyme inactivation followed first-order kinetics. The models were solved using a finite element method. The predicted temperature and moisture profiles and inactivation rate of enzymes were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. This indicated that the process of simultaneous dry blanching and dehydration of apple slices under IR heating can be predicted with the developed models. C1 [Bingol, G.; Pan, Z.; McHugh, Tara H.] ARS, Processed Food Res Unit, USDA, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Zhu, Y.; Pan, Z.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lin, Y. L.; Li, S. J.] Chinese Acad Agr Mechanizat Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Pan, Z (reprint author), ARS, Processed Food Res Unit, USDA, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM zhongli.pan@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-3937 J9 DRY TECHNOL JI Dry. Technol. PY 2009 VL 27 IS 10 BP 1051 EP 1059 AR PII 915830604 DI 10.1080/07373930903218446 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 557KE UT WOS:000274667200006 ER PT J AU Rinella, MJ Maxwell, BD Fay, PK Weaver, T Sheley, RL AF Rinella, Matthew J. Maxwell, Bruce D. Fay, Peter K. Weaver, Theodore Sheley, Roger L. TI Control effort exacerbates invasive-species problem SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian; Euphorbia esula; grasslands; herbicide use for invasive species; invasive species; leafy spurge; Montana (USA) rangelands; native species ID KNAPWEED CENTAUREA-MACULOSA; EUPHORBIA-ESULA CONTROL; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; PLANT; HERBICIDE; VEGETATION; IMPACTS; RESTORATION; COMMUNITIES AB Ecosystem managers face a difficult decision when managing invasive species. If they use aggressive practices to reduce invader abundances, they will likely reduce invaders' competitive impacts on natives. But it is often difficult or impossible to reduce invaders without damaging natives. So a critical question becomes: Which is worse for native biota, invaders or things done to control invaders? We attempted to answer this question for a common scenario. We studied several grassland natives exhibiting long-term coexistence with an invader and asked how aggressive management (herbicide use) affected the natives. Whether or not grazing was excluded, one-time herbicide use made two native forbs exceedingly rare for our entire 16-year study period. Herbicide also made several other native forbs rare, but only when grazing was excluded, and there is evidence that the dominant invader became more abundant in response to the decreases in native-forb abundances. Throughout the world, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are receiving herbicide applications for exotic-species control. Some of the applications are doubtless warranted because they target small invader patches or larger areas with virtually no remaining natives. However, other herbicide applications occur where large native populations occur, and our data suggest that these applications can be ill advised. Our cautionary tale is told using an herbicide-treated grassland, but our results should be considered wherever invasive-species management damages native species. C1 [Rinella, Matthew J.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Maxwell, Bruce D.; Weaver, Theodore] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Fay, Peter K.] Rocky Creek Farms, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Sheley, Roger L.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Rinella, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 243 Ft Keogh St, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM matt.rinella@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 10 U2 54 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 155 EP 162 DI 10.1890/07-1482.1 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 409OR UT WOS:000263516200012 PM 19323180 ER PT J AU Vogt, P Ferrari, JR Lookingbill, TR Gardner, RH Riitters, KH Ostapowicz, K AF Vogt, Peter Ferrari, Joseph R. Lookingbill, Todd R. Gardner, Robert H. Riitters, Kurt H. Ostapowicz, Katarzyna TI Mapping functional connectivity SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE functional connectivity; stepping stones; corridors; spatial pattern; morphological image processing ID CORRIDORS; DISPERSAL; CONSERVATION; LANDSCAPES; MOVEMENT; PATTERNS; DESIGN AB An objective and reliable assessment of wildlife movement is important in theoretical and applied ecology. The identification and mapping of landscape elements that may enhance functional connectivity is usually a subjective process based on visual interpretations of species movement patterns. New methods based on mathematical morphology provide a generic, flexible, and automated approach for the definition of indicators based on the classification and mapping of spatial patterns of connectivity from observed or simulated movement and dispersal events. The approach is illustrated with data derived from simulated movement on a map produced from satellite imagery of a structurally complex, multi-habitat landscape. The analysis reveals critical areas that facilitate the movement of dispersers among habitat patches. Mathematical morphology can be applied to any movement map providing new insights into pattern-process linkages in multi-habitat landscapes. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Vogt, Peter; Ostapowicz, Katarzyna] Joint Res Ctr European Commiss, IES, Land Management & Nat Hazards Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. [Ferrari, Joseph R.; Lookingbill, Todd R.; Gardner, Robert H.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. [Riitters, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Ostapowicz, Katarzyna] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Geog & Spatial Management, PL-30387 Krakow, Poland. RP Vogt, P (reprint author), Joint Res Ctr European Commiss, IES, Land Management & Nat Hazards Unit, TP 261,Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. EM peter.vogt@jrc.it RI Lookingbill, Todd/K-8302-2012 FU University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science [FRRE40 03-JV-11242328-001]; United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service FX The research described in this article was performed as a part of the Collaboration Agreement (No. 22832-2005-06 SOSC ISP) between the joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Institute for Environment and Sustainability and the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Additional support was provided by a cooperative agreement (No. FRRE40 03-JV-11242328-001) between the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science and the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. NR 40 TC 48 Z9 53 U1 4 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 64 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2008.01.011 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 357JR UT WOS:000259842600005 ER PT J AU Riitters, KH Wickham, JD Wade, TG AF Riitters, Kurt H. Wickham, James D. Wade, Timothy G. TI An indicator of forest dynamics using a shifting landscape mosaic SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Markov model; land-cover pattern; risk assessment AB The composition of a landscape is a fundamental indicator in land-cover pattern assessments. The objective of this paper was to evaluate a landscape composition indicator called 'landscape mosaic' as a framework for interpreting land-cover dynamics over a 9-year period in a 360,000 km(2) study area in the southern United States. The indicator classified a land parcel into one of 19 possible landscape mosaic classes according to the proportions of natural, developed, and agriculture land-cover types in a surrounding 4.41-ha neighborhood. Using land-cover maps from remote sensing, the landscape mosaics were calculated for each 0.09-ha pixel in the study area in 1996 and 2005. Mosaic transition matrices estimated from the pixel change data were then used to develop two Markov chain models. A "landscape mosaic" model was a temporal model of the shifting landscape mosaic, based on the probability of landscape mosaic change for all pixels. A "forest security" model was the same, except that the Markov states were defined by both the landscape mosaic and the land-cover of each pixel, which allowed interpreting forest land-cover dynamics in the context of a shifting landscape mosaic. In the forest security model, the overall percentage of forest decreased from 33% in 2005 to 17% at steady-state, and there was little change in the relative distribution of existing forest area among landscape mosaic classes. In contrast, the landscape mosaic steady-state was reached later, and indicated that a maximum of 10% of total area was available for forest. The implication was that forest security depended ultimately on the dynamics of the landscape mosaics that contained forest, not on forest dynamics within those landscape mosaics. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Riitters, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wickham, James D.; Wade, Timothy G.] US Environm Protect Agcy E243 05, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Riitters, KH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kriitters@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service Research and Development FX Funding was provided by the Quantitative Sciences Staff, U.S. Forest Service Research and Development. This manuscript has been subjected to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 107 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2008.02.003 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 357JR UT WOS:000259842600009 ER PT J AU Birt, A Feldman, RM Cairns, DM Coulson, RN Tchakerian, M Xi, WM Guldin, JM AF Birt, Andrew Feldman, Richard M. Cairns, David M. Coulson, Robert N. Tchakerian, Maria Xi, Weimin Guldin, James M. TI Stage-structured matrix models for organisms with non-geometric development times SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE development time; matrix models; population models ID LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; YELLOW DUNG FLY; INSECT POPULATIONS; TRADE-OFFS; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH; SIZE; FOOD; METAMORPHOSIS; IMPACT AB Matrix models have been used to model population growth of organisms for many decades. They are popular because of both their conceptual simplicity and their computational efficiency. For some types of organisms they are relatively accurate in predicting population growth; however, for others the matrix approach does not adequately model growth rate. One of the reasons for the lack of accuracy is that most matrix-based models implicitly assume a specific degree of variability in development times for the organism. Because the variability is implicit, the implied variances are often not verified with experimental data. In this paper, we shall present extensions to the stage-classified matrix models so that organisms with arbitrary means and standard deviations of development times can be modeled. C1 [Feldman, Richard M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Birt, Andrew; Coulson, Robert N.; Tchakerian, Maria; Xi, Weimin] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Cairns, David M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Guldin, James M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 71901 USA. RP Feldman, RM (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM richf@tamu.edu RI Cairns, David/F-3395-2014 OI Cairns, David/0000-0003-4110-196X FU USDA Forest Service Cooperative agreement [SRS 06-CA-11330124-196] FX This research was supported in part by the USDA Forest Service Cooperative agreement SRS 06-CA-11330124-196 and through the Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, College of Agriculture, Texas A&M University. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 5 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2009 VL 90 IS 1 BP 57 EP 68 DI 10.1890/08-0757.1 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 406TV UT WOS:000263318700009 PM 19294913 ER PT J AU Pemberton, RW Liu, H AF Pemberton, Robert W. Liu, Hong TI Marketing time predicts naturalization of horticultural plants SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Florida; horticulture; invasive plants; invasive species; marketing; plant naturalization ID RISK-ASSESSMENT SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; ALIEN PLANTS; TRADE; INTRODUCTIONS; ESTABLISHMENT; INVADERS; SUCCESS AB Horticulture is an important source of naturalized plants, but our knowledge about naturalization frequencies and potential patterns of naturalization in horticultural plants is limited. We analyzed a unique set of data derived from the detailed sales catalogs (1887-1930) of the most important early Florida, USA, plant nursery (Royal Palm Nursery) to detect naturalization patterns of these horticultural plants in the state. Of the 1903 nonnative species sold by the nursery, 15% naturalized. The probability of plants becoming naturalized increases significantly with the number of years the plants were marketed. Plants that became invasive and naturalized were sold for an average of 19.6 and 14.8 years, respectively, compared to 6.8 years for non-naturalized plants, and the naturalization of plants sold for 30 years or more is 70%. Unexpectedly, plants that were sold earlier were less likely to naturalize than those sold later. The nursery's inexperience, which caused them to grow and market many plants unsuited to Florida during their early period, may account for this pattern. Plants with pantropical distributions and those native to both Africa and Asia were more likely to naturalize (42%), than were plants native to other smaller regions, suggesting that plants with large native ranges were more likely to naturalize. Naturalization percentages also differed according to plant life form, with the most naturalization occurring in aquatic herbs (36.8%) and vines (30.8%). Plants belonging to the families Araceae, Apocynaceae, Convolvulaceae, Moraceae, Oleaceae, and Verbenaceae had higher than expected naturalization. Information theoretic model selection indicated that the number of years a plant was sold, alone or together with the first year a plant was sold, was the strongest predictor of naturalization. Because continued importation and marketing of nonnative horticultural plants will lead to additional plant naturalization and invasion, a comprehensive approach to address this problem, including research to identify and select noninvasive forms and types of horticultural plants is urgently needed. C1 [Pemberton, Robert W.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Liu, Hong] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Liu, H (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Environm Studies, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199 USA. EM hliu@fiu.edu NR 71 TC 44 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 20 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2009 VL 90 IS 1 BP 69 EP 80 DI 10.1890/07-1516.1 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 406TV UT WOS:000263318700010 PM 19294914 ER PT J AU Flitcroft, RL Dedrick, DC Smith, CL Thieman, CA Bolte, JP AF Flitcroft, Rebecca L. Dedrick, Dana C. Smith, Courtland L. Thieman, Cynthia A. Bolte, John P. TI Social Infrastructure to Integrate Science and Practice: the Experience of the Long Tom Watershed Council SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE habitat restoration; Oregon; science and practice; social infrastructure; watershed management; water quality; watershed councils; watershed organizations ID RESTORATION; MANAGEMENT AB Ecological problem solving requires a flexible social infrastructure that can incorporate scientific insights and adapt to changing conditions. As applied to watershed management, social infrastructure includes mechanisms to design, carry out, evaluate, and modify plans for resource protection or restoration. Efforts to apply the best science will not bring anticipated results without the appropriate social infrastructure. For the Long Tom Watershed Council, social infrastructure includes a management structure, membership, vision, priorities, partners, resources, and the acquisition of scientific knowledge, as well as the communication with and education of people associated with and affected by actions to protect and restore the watershed. Key to integrating science and practice is keeping science in the loop, using data collection as an outreach tool, and the Long Tom Watershed Council's subwatershed enhancement program approach. Resulting from these methods are ecological leadership, restoration projects, and partnerships that catalyze landscape-level change. C1 [Flitcroft, Rebecca L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Smith, Courtland L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bolte, John P.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Biol & Ecol Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Flitcroft, RL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. FU Long Tom Watershed; Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board FX The authors would like to acknowledge the continuing support and commitment of the citizenry in the Long Tom Watershed. The steering committee, technical team, partner organizations and agencies, and local scientists provide ongoing work that supports and complements the activities of the Long Tom Watershed Council, particularly those that have offered words of encouragement during the most challenging times. The Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board provides significant funding for the Council, thereby enabling the ongoing work of the Long Tom Watershed Council. The authors would also like to thank Kelly Christiansen for the maps that are part of this document. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 21 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2009 VL 14 IS 2 AR 36 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 610CK UT WOS:000278707200020 ER PT J AU Reeves, GH Duncan, SL AF Reeves, Gordon H. Duncan, Sally L. TI Ecological History vs. Social Expectations: Managing Aquatic Ecosystems SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE aquatic ecosystems; legacy of disturbance; non-equilibrium ecosystem dynamics ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; BULL TROUT; MANAGEMENT; HABITAT; CONSERVATION; VARIABILITY; CONTEXT; RESTORATION; OREGON; FIRE AB The emerging perspective of ecosystems as both non-equilibrium and dynamic fits aquatic ecosystems as well as terrestrial systems. It is increasingly recognized that watersheds historically passed through different conditions over time. Habitat conditions varied in quantity and quality, primarily as a function of the time since the last major disturbance and the legacy of that disturbance. Thus, to match the effects of historical processes, we would expect a variety of conditions to exist across the watersheds in a region at any time. Additionally, watersheds have different potentials to provide habitat for given fish species because of variation in physical features. This developing ecological understanding is often preempted by social desires to bring all watersheds to a "healthy" condition, which in turn is reflected in a common regulatory approach mandating a single condition as the long-term goal for all watersheds. Matching perceptions and regulations to the way aquatic systems actually change and evolve through time will be a major challenge in the future. C1 [Reeves, Gordon H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Duncan, Sally L.] Oregon State Univ, Inst Nat Resources, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Reeves, GH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 62 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2009 VL 14 IS 2 AR 8 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 576JY UT WOS:000276141800005 ER PT B AU Zipperer, WC Guntenspergen, GR AF Zipperer, Wayne C. Guntenspergen, Glenn R. BE McDonnell, MJ Hahs, AK Breuste, JH TI Vegetation composition and structure of forest patches along urban-rural gradients SO ECOLOGY OF CITIES AND TOWNS: A COMPARATIVE APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Zipperer, Wayne C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Guntenspergen, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Superior, WI USA. RP Zipperer, WC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, POB 110806,Bldg 164,Morwy Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA BN 978-0-521-67833-9 PY 2009 BP 274 EP 286 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511609763.018 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511609763 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BKR81 UT WOS:000269033200017 ER PT B AU Carreiro, MM Pouyat, RV Tripler, CE Zhu, WX AF Carreiro, Margaret M. Pouyat, Richard V. Tripler, Christopher E. Zhu, Wei-Xing BE McDonnell, MJ Hahs, AK Breuste, JH TI Carbon and nitrogen cycling in soils of remnant forests along urban-rural gradients: case studies in the New York metropolitan area and Louisville, Kentucky SO ECOLOGY OF CITIES AND TOWNS: A COMPARATIVE APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Carreiro, Margaret M.] Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Tripler, Christopher E.] Endicott Coll, Sch Arts & Sci, Beverly, MA 01915 USA. [Zhu, Wei-Xing] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Biol Sci, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Pouyat, Richard V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn,Ctr Urban & Environm Res & Educ, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. RP Carreiro, MM (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA BN 978-0-521-67833-9 PY 2009 BP 308 EP 328 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511609763.020 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511609763 PG 21 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BKR81 UT WOS:000269033200019 ER PT B AU Pouyat, RV Carreiro, MM Groffman, PM Pavao-Zuckerman, MA AF Pouyat, Richard V. Carreiro, Margaret M. Groffman, Peter M. Pavao-Zuckerman, Mitchell A. BE McDonnell, MJ Hahs, AK Breuste, JH TI Investigative approaches to urban biogeochemical cycles: New York metropolitan area and Baltimore as case studies SO ECOLOGY OF CITIES AND TOWNS: A COMPARATIVE APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Pouyat, Richard V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn,Ctr Urban & Environm Res & Educ, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. [Pavao-Zuckerman, Mitchell A.] Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Groffman, Peter M.] Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Carreiro, Margaret M.] Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. RP Pouyat, RV (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn,Ctr Urban & Environm Res & Educ, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA BN 978-0-521-67833-9 PY 2009 BP 329 EP 351 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511609763.021 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511609763 PG 23 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BKR81 UT WOS:000269033200020 ER PT J AU White, PJ Garrott, RA Borkowski, JJ Berardinelli, JG Mertens, DR Pils, AC AF White, P. J. Garrott, Robert A. Borkowski, John J. Berardinelli, James G. Mertens, David R. Pils, Andrew C. BE Garrott, RA White, PJ Watson, FGR TI Diet and Nutrition of Central Yellowstone Elk During Winter SO ECOLOGY OF LARGE MAMMALS IN CENTRAL YELLOWSTONE: SIXTEEN YEARS OF INTEGRATED FIELD STUDIES SE Terrestrial Ecology Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; SATELLITE SENSOR DATA; MULE DEER; NATIONAL-PARK; PHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT; PURINE DERIVATIVES; CREATININE RATIOS; MICROBIAL PROTEIN; URINARY ALLANTOIN; SIMULATION-MODEL AB Winter for ungulates in the northern Rocky Mountains is a period of chronic under-nutrition and catabolism of lean muscle and body fat because forage availability and quality are low, while energetic demands are high (Moen 1976, Torbit et al. 1985, DelGuidice et al. 1990). The rate of ingestion of assimilable energy and nutrients, and the resulting state of body components, reflect the adequacy of forage quality and quantity to meet metabolic demands (Harder and Kirkpatrick 1994; Parker et al. 1999; Cook et al. 2004a,b). Furthermore, nutrition and nutritional condition strongly influence the probability of breeding, over-winter survival, lactation yields, and susceptibility to predation (Loudon et al. 1983, Hobbs 1989, Kohlmann 1999, Mech et al. 2001, Bender et al. 2002, Cook 2002). The heterogeneous environment inhabited by elk (Cervus elaphus) wintering in the Madison headwaters area of Yellowstone National Park provides a diversity of potential foods for elk with quite divergent energy, protein, secondary compound, and toxin characteristics (Craighead et al. 1973). We characterized the composition and quality of elk diets prior to wolf (Canis lupus) recolonization, evaluated the effects of diet selection and snow pack on nutrition using an index of metabolizable energy intake, and related annual variability in winter nutrition to demographic vital rates. C1 [White, P. J.] Natl Pk Serv, Mammoth, WY 82190 USA. [Garrott, Robert A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Fish & Wildlife Management Program, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Borkowski, John J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Berardinelli, James G.] Montana State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Mertens, David R.] Univ Wisconsin, ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Pils, Andrew C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Fish & Wildlife Management Program, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP White, PJ (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Mammoth, WY 82190 USA. NR 109 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092105-1 J9 TERR ECOL SER PY 2009 VL 3 BP 157 EP 176 DI 10.1016/S1936-7961(08)00209-1 PG 20 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA BCN91 UT WOS:000310802800009 ER PT S AU Biscotti, D Glenna, LL Lacy, WB Welsh, R AF Biscotti, Dina Glenna, Leland L. Lacy, William B. Welsh, Rick BE Bandelj, N TI THE "INDEPENDENT'' INVESTIGATOR: HOW ACADEMIC SCIENTISTS CONSTRUCT THEIR PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY IN UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS SO ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGY OF WORK SE Research in the Sociology of Work LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID KNOWLEDGE AB Purpose - University-industry relationships raise concerns about the influence of commercial interests on academic science. In this paper, we investigate how academic scientists who collaborate with industry understand their professional identity in relation to their research money and the notion of scientific "independence.'' Design/Methodology/Approach - We conducted in-depth interviews with 84 scientists and 65 administrators from 9 U. S. universities. The scientists do research in the field of agricultural biotechnology and collaborate with industry. The administrators have oversight responsibility for academic research, university - industry collaborations, and technology transfer. Findings - We find that our respondents are wary of industry funding but believe that it has an appropriate place in academic research. Typically, industry money is treated either as seed money for preliminary research or as flexible funding that supplements the core, essential competitive grants academic scientists obtain from public agencies. We find that academic scientists talk about the mix of public and private funds in their research funding portfolios in ways that aim to construct an "independent'' investigator professional identity. Originality/Value - Our study is a case of how money is inscribed with meanings in institutional settings. It contributes to scholarship in economic sociology of work by revealing how money is used by academic scientists to signal their alignment with institutionally sanctioned professional norms and by administrators to evaluate scientists' work. C1 [Biscotti, Dina] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Sociol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Glenna, Leland L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr Econ & Rural Sociol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lacy, William B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Human & Community Dev, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Welsh, Rick] Clarkson Univ, Dept Humanities & Social Sci, Potsdam, NY USA. [Lacy, William B.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Lacy, William B.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Welsh, Rick] USDA, Sustainable Agr Res & Educ Program So Reg, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Biscotti, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Sociol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY, W YORKSHIRE BD16 1WA, ENGLAND SN 0277-2833 BN 978-1-84855-368-2 J9 RES SOCIOL WORK PY 2009 VL 18 BP 261 EP 285 DI 10.1108/S0277-2833(2009)0000018013 D2 10.1108/S0277-2833(2009)0000018004 PG 25 WC Economics; Sociology SC Business & Economics; Sociology GA BLS53 UT WOS:000270940900010 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Ecosystem Geography From Ecoregions to Sites Second Edition Introduction SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_1 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 23 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600004 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Ecosystem Geography From Ecoregions to Sites Second Edition Foreword SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP V EP V D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 1 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600001 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Ecosystem Geography From Ecoregions to Sites Preface to the Second Edition SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; ECOLOGICAL LAND CLASSIFICATION; NATURAL REGIONS; NORTH-AMERICA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; WATER-BALANCE; SOUTH ISLAND; NEW-ZEALAND C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP VII EP + D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 21 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600002 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Ecosystem Geography From Ecoregions to Sites Preface to the First Edition SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP IX EP X D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 2 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600003 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Scale of Ecosystem Units SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 25 EP 28 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_2 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 4 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600005 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI The Question of Boundary Criteria SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 29 EP 40 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_3 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600006 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Role of Climate in Ecosystem Differentiation SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 41 EP 52 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_4 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600007 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Macroscale: Macroclimatic Differentiation (Ecoregions) SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 53 EP 81 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_5 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 29 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600008 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Ecoclimatic Zones of the Earth SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 83 EP 92 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_6 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600009 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Ecoregions of the United States SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 93 EP 114 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_7 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 22 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600010 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Ecoregion Redistribution Under Climate Change SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 115 EP 125 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_8 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600011 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Mesoscale: Landform Differentiation (Landscape Mosaics) SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 127 EP 144 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_9 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 18 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600012 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Microscale: Edaphic-Topoclimatic Differentiation (Sites) SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 145 EP 168 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_10 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 24 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600013 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Applications of Ecosystem Geography SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 169 EP 193 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_11 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 25 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600014 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Ecosystem Geography From Ecoregions to Sites Second Edition Summary and Conclusions SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 195 EP 201 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_12 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600015 ER PT B AU Bailey, RG AF Bailey, Robert G. BA Bailey, RG BF Bailey, RG TI Ecoregions of the Oceans SO ECOSYSTEM GEOGRAPHY: FROM ECOREGIONS TO SITES, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bailey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rgbailey@fs.fed.us; rgbailey@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89515-4 PY 2009 BP 203 EP 206 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1 PG 4 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BMH67 UT WOS:000272395600016 ER PT B AU Pavlath, AE Orts, W AF Pavlath, Attila E. Orts, William BE Embuscado, ME Huber, KC TI Edible Films and Coatings: Why, What, and How? SO EDIBLE FILMS AND COATINGS FOR FOOD APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WATER-VAPOR PERMEABILITY; WHEAT GLUTEN; MOISTURE PERMEABILITY; FATTY-ACID; BARRIER PROPERTIES; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; CARBON-DIOXIDE; LIPID FILMS; PRODUCTS; OXYGEN C1 [Pavlath, Attila E.; Orts, William] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. RP Pavlath, AE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. EM apavlath@pw.usda.gov; orts@pw.usda.gov NR 106 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-92823-4 PY 2009 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-92824-1_1 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-92824-1 PG 23 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BKK55 UT WOS:000268388900001 ER PT B AU Dangaran, K Tomasula, PM Qi, P AF Dangaran, Kirsten Tomasula, Peggy M. Qi, Phoebe BE Embuscado, ME Huber, KC TI Structure and Function of Protein-Based Edible Films and Coatings SO EDIBLE FILMS AND COATINGS FOR FOOD APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WATER-VAPOR PERMEABILITY; HEADSPACE GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CROSS-LINKING; WHEY PROTEINS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN; CASEIN FILMS; FISH GELATIN; MICROBIAL TRANSGLUTAMINASE C1 [Dangaran, Kirsten; Tomasula, Peggy M.; Qi, Phoebe] ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Dangaran, K (reprint author), ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM dangaran.3@osu.edu; Peggy.Tomasula@ars.usda.gov; phoebe.qi@ars.usda.gov NR 110 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-92823-4 PY 2009 BP 25 EP 56 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-92824-1_2 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-92824-1 PG 32 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BKK55 UT WOS:000268388900002 ER PT J AU Knothe, G AF Knothe, Gerhard TI Improving biodiesel fuel properties by modifying fatty ester composition SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WASTE COOKING OIL; LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; STERYL GLUCOSIDES; VEGETABLE-OILS; DIESEL FUELS; CRYSTALLIZATION TEMPERATURE; ISOPROPYL ESTERS; METHYL-ESTERS; EMISSIONS; ENGINE AB Biodiesel is an alternative to petroleum-derived diesel fuel composed of alkyl esters of vegetable oils, animal fats or other feedstocks such as used cooking oils. The fatty acid profile of biodiesel corresponds to that of its feedstock. Most common feedstocks possess fatty acid profiles consisting mainly of five C(16) and C(18) fatty acids, namely, palmitic (hexadecanoic), stearic (octadecanoic), oleic (9(Z)-octadecenoic), linoleic (9(Z), 12(Z)-octadecadienoic) and linolenic (9(Z), 12(Z), 15(Z)-octadecatrienoic) acids, with the exception of a few oils such as coconut oil, which contains high amounts of saturated acids in the C(12)-C(16) range or others. While in many respects biodiesel possesses advantages or is competitive with petroleum-derived diesel fuel, virtually all biodiesel fuels, typically the methyl esters, produced from these oils have performance problems such as poor low-temperature properties or insufficient oxidative stability. Considerable research has focused on solving or alleviating these problems and five approaches have been developed. Besides the approach of using additives, changing the fatty ester composition by either varying the alcohol or the fatty acid profile of the oil have been studied. Changing the fatty acid profile can be achieved by physical means, genetic modification of the feedstock or use of alternative feedstocks with different fatty acid profiles. In some cases approaches may overlap. This article briefly summarizes the five approaches currently used with an emphasis on those dealing with changing the fatty ester composition of a biodiesel fuel. C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Knothe, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov NR 65 TC 171 Z9 172 U1 8 U2 54 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PY 2009 VL 2 IS 7 BP 759 EP 766 DI 10.1039/b903941d PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 470NI UT WOS:000267981200004 ER PT J AU Banowetz, GA Griffith, SA El-Nashaar, HA AF Banowetz, Gary A. Griffith, Stephen A. El-Nashaar, Hossien A. TI Mineral Content of Grasses Grown for Seed in Low Rainfall Areas of the Pacific Northwest and Analysis of Ash from Gasification of Bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) Straw SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN ENGLAND; BIOMASS YIELD; HARVEST TIME; SWITCHGRASS; QUALITY; CARBON; ACCUMULATION; GENOTYPES; BIOFUEL; SILICON AB Straw residue from grass seed production, along with clippings from turfs derived from that seed, represent a potential supply of feedstock for bioenergy production. Harvesting straw from these production systems removes minerals, including macronutrients and carbon that ultimately must be replaced to sustain soil quality and subsequent crop production. In addition, certain mineral constituents of straw contribute to slag formation at common operating temperatures in thermochemical reactors. The objective of this research was to determine whether genotypic differences in the concentrations of minerals that impact thermochemical conversion and represent macronutrient loss existed within and among Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and tall fescue [Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub]. Grasses were grown at two contrasting locations in the low rainfall region of the Pacific Northwest, and mineral analyses were performed on vegetative tissues from each. Differences in the concentration of most minerals occurred among varieties of Kentucky bluegrass and between the three species. Mineral concentration was dependent upon the location at which the plants were grown but not always correlated with soil content of the respective mineral. On the basis of the average amount of straw available after conservation requirements have been met, we estimate that straw harvest removes 48-96 kg of potassium ha(-1), 2-10 kg of phosphorus ha(-1), and 662-1029 kg of carbon ha(-1). Mineral analyses of ash derived from gasification of Kentucky bluegrass straw showed that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and carbon were recovered in the ash and represented a potential soil amendment. Dioxin and heavy-metal concentrations in the ash were very low. C1 [Banowetz, Gary A.; Griffith, Stephen A.; El-Nashaar, Hossien A.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Banowetz, GA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM banowetg@onid.orst.edu NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 23 IS 1 BP 502 EP 506 DI 10.1021/ef800490w PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 411ED UT WOS:000263629900071 ER PT J AU Banowetz, GM Griffith, SM Steiner, JJ Ei-Nashaar, HM AF Banowetz, G. M. Griffith, S. M. Steiner, J. J. Ei-Nashaar, H. M. TI Mineral Accumulation by Perennial Grasses in a High-Rainfall Environment SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; SOUTHERN ENGLAND; BIOMASS YIELD; LIFE-CYCLE; SWITCHGRASS; CARBON; QUALITY; STRAW; BIOFUEL; SILICON AB Mineral content affects the suitability of biomass for thermochemical conversion to bioenergy and represents macro- and micronutrients whose loss from the production system can impact subsequent regrowth and ecosystem services provided by perennial grasses. Genotypic differences in mineral content among cool-season grasses grown for seed are not well documented, and, consequently, the potential for genetic improvement of this trait is not known. This study compared the concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, potassium, phosphor-us, chlorine, silicon, aluminum, boron, calcium, cobalt, iron, magnesium, manganese, sulfur, and zinc in leaves and stems from perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata), tall fescue (Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub), and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) grown in the high-rainfall area of western Oregon. The concentration of C was similar in all grasses and in leaves and stems, but orchardgrass contained the greatest quantities of N, P, and K. The concentration of N was greater in leaf tissue, and similar among these grasses. There were differences in Cl, K, P, and Ca concentrations among these species and between leaf and stem tissues. Genotypic differences in the concentration of some of the minerals occurred among three varieties of tall fescue and among varieties of perennial ryegrass grown at two locations. Amounts of N, P, and K removed by harvest of 2.4 Mg ha (-)1 of straw biomass of two perennial ryegrasses would range from 12 to 17, 3.4 to 3.8, and 40 to 47 kg ha(-1). Location had significant impact on mineral content, although plant mineral concentrations were not strictly correlated with soil composition. C1 [Banowetz, G. M.; Griffith, S. M.; Ei-Nashaar, H. M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Steiner, J. J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Program Staff, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Banowetz, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM banowetg@onid.orst.edu NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 23 IS 1 BP 984 EP 988 DI 10.1021/ef800488j PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 411ED UT WOS:000263629900145 ER PT J AU Hettinga, WG Junginger, HM Dekker, SC Hoogwijk, M McAloon, AJ Hick, KB AF Hettinga, W. G. Junginger, H. M. Dekker, S. C. Hoogwijk, M. McAloon, A. J. Hick, K. B. TI Understanding the reductions in US corn ethanol production costs: An experience curve approach SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Ethanol; Production cost reductions; Experience curve ID ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AB The US is currently the world's largest ethanol producer. An increasing percentage is used as transportation fuel, but debates continue on its costs competitiveness and energy balance. In this study, technological development of ethanol production and resulting cost reductions are investigated by using the experience curve approach, scrutinizing costs of dry grind ethanol production over the timeframe 1980-2005. Cost reductions are differentiated between feedstock (corn) production and industrial (ethanol) processing. Corn production costs in the US have declined by 62% over 30 years, down to 100$(2005)/tonne in 2005, while corn production volumes almost doubled since 1975. A progress ratio (PR) of 0.55 is calculated indicating a 45% cost decline over each doubling in cumulative production. Higher corn yields and increasing farm sizes are the most important drivers behind this cost decline. Industrial processing costs of ethanol have declined by 45% since 1983, to below 130$(2005)/m(3) in 2005 (excluding costs for corn and capital), equivalent to a PR of 0.87. Total ethanol production costs (including capital and net corn costs) have declined approximately 60% from 800$(2005)/m(3) in the early 1980s, to 300$(2005)/m(3) in 2005. Higher ethanol yields, lower energy use and the replacement of beverage alcohol-based production technologies have mostly contributed to this substantial cost decline. In addition, the average size of dry grind ethanol plants increased by 235% since 1990. For the future it is estimated that solely due to technological learning, production costs of ethanol may decline 28-44%, though this excludes effects of the current rising corn and fossil fuel costs. It is also concluded that experience curves are a valuable tool to describe both past and potential future cost reductions in US corn-based ethanol production. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hettinga, W. G.; Junginger, H. M.] Univ Utrecht, Copernicus Inst, Dept Sci Technol & Soc, NL-3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands. [Dekker, S. C.] Univ Utrecht, Copernicus Inst, Dept Innovat & Environm Sci, NL-3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands. [Hoogwijk, M.] Ecofys Netherlands BV, NL-3503 RK Utrecht, Netherlands. [McAloon, A. J.; Hick, K. B.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Hettinga, WG (reprint author), Ecofys, Utrecht, Netherlands. EM w.hettinga@ecofys.com RI Dekker, Stefan/F-5581-2013; Junginger, Martin/A-2687-2009 OI Dekker, Stefan/0000-0001-7764-2464; Junginger, Martin/0000-0002-5010-2051 FU Eastern Regional Research Center (ARS/USDA) FX The authors would like to thank the following persons: Hosein Shapouri (Office of the Chief Economist, USDA), John Urbanchuk (LECC consultancy), Phil Madson (Katzen International), Larry Schafer (Renewable Fuels Association), Kelly Davis (Chippewa Valley Ethanol Company), Bruce Strohm & David Bates (Genencor), Doug Haefele (Pioneer), Paul Gallagher (Iowa State University), Philip Shane (Illinois Corn Growers Association), Charles Abbas & Kyle Beery (Archer Daniels Midland), and Max Starbuck & Geoff Cooper (National Corn Growers Association) for sharing their valuable insights and data. The first author would like to express his gratitude to the Eastern Regional Research Center (ARS/USDA) for financial and logistic support. NR 63 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 4 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JAN PY 2009 VL 37 IS 1 BP 190 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.08.002 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 391EH UT WOS:000262215900019 ER PT J AU Koch, UT Luder, W Andrick, U Staten, RT Carde, RT AF Koch, Uwe T. Lueder, Wolfgang Andrick, Ulf Staten, Robert T. Carde, Ring T. TI Measurement by electroantennogram of airborne pheromone in cotton treated for mating disruption of Pectinophora gossypiella following removal of pheromone dispensers SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Gelechiidae; Lepidoptera; pink bollworm moth; EAG; odor dispersal ID PINK-BOLLWORM LEPIDOPTERA; EPIPHYAS-POSTVITTANA LEPIDOPTERA; LONG-LASTING DISPENSERS; AERIAL CONCENTRATIONS; SEX-PHEROMONE; EAG SYSTEM; GELECHIIDAE; FIELD; GOSSYPLURE; MOTH AB The presence of pheromone in cotton foliage after removal of pheromone dispensers was assessed by measuring the airborne pheromone concentration with an electroantennogram device. Plots of 0.4 ha in isolated cotton fields were treated with Shin-Etsu PBW-Rope (R) pheromone dispensers for mating disruption of Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). The dispensers contained (Z,Z)- and (Z,E)-7,11-hexadecadienyl acetates (gossyplure) in a 49:51 ratio and were applied at a density of 1 000/ha. The 400 pheromone dispensers were removed 1-12 days later. In four experiments involving canopy heights from 30-150 cm, the decay of the pheromone concentration was recorded repeatedly in short intervals for up to 7 h. Decay to undetectable concentrations generally occurred within 1-10 h, depending on plant size and wind conditions. In all four experiments, pheromone concentration 24 h after removal was found to be near or below detection threshold of the electroantennogram. The presence of pheromone within and above the cotton after dispenser removal would be due to re-entrainment of pheromone that had been adsorbed on cotton foliage or possibly some residual airborne pheromone. C1 [Carde, Ring T.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Koch, Uwe T.; Lueder, Wolfgang; Andrick, Ulf] Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich EIT, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany. [Staten, Robert T.] Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. RP Carde, RT (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM ring.carde@ucr.edu NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 130 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2008.00798.x PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 381FW UT WOS:000261522100001 ER PT J AU Benda, ND Brownie, C Schal, C Gould, F AF Benda, Nicole D. Brownie, Cavell Schal, Coby Gould, Fred TI Fruit abscission by Physalis species as defense against frugivory SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE caterpillar foraging; host plant location; Heliothis subflexa; Heliothis virescens; specialist behavior; plant architecture; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae; Solanaceae ID HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; LEAF ABSCISSION; HOST; PREDATORS; LARVAE; SURVIVORSHIP; LEPIDOPTERA; PHENOLOGY; SUBFLEXA; PATTERNS AB Fruit abscission as a response to herbivory is well-documented in many plant species, but its effect on further damage by mobile herbivores that survive fruit abscission is relatively unstudied. Physalis plants (Solanaceae) abscise fruit containing feeding larvae of their main frugivore, Heliothis subflexa Guenee (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a specialist moth. We tested the ability of H. subflexa larvae placed under the plant canopy to find and climb onto two architecturally different Physalis species. Physalis pubescens L., a low, shrub-like, spreading plant, abscises its fruit at a higher rate than Physalis angulata L., a tall arborescent plant. As a result, small larvae are more often dropped from P. pubescens. Third and fifth instars located P. pubescens faster and with a higher probability than P. angulata. Although fifth instars outperformed third-instar caterpillars at finding P. angulata, P. pubescens was located equally fast by the two instars. Heliothis subflexa located Physalis plants more successfully and more quickly than a close relative, the generalist Heliothis virescens Fabricius. The higher fruit abscission rates in P. pubescens may be an evolved response to its greater susceptibility to searching caterpillars. C1 [Benda, Nicole D.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Vet & Agr Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Brownie, Cavell] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Schal, Coby; Gould, Fred] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Schal, Coby; Gould, Fred] N Carolina State Univ, WM Keck Ctr Behav Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Benda, ND (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Vet & Agr Entomol, 1600-1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Nicole.Benda@ars.usda.gov RI Schal, Coby/A-8717-2010 OI Schal, Coby/0000-0001-7195-6358 FU W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology; NSF; USDA-NRI [2003-35302-13373] FX We gratefully acknowledge Daniel Lillis for assistance conducting observations. This study was supported in part by the W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, an NSF Pre-Doctoral Fellowship, and the USDA-NRI Competitive Grants Program (grant no. 2003-35302-13373). NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 130 IS 1 BP 21 EP 27 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2008.00792.x PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 381FW UT WOS:000261522100003 ER PT J AU Paveglio, T Carroll, MS Absher, JD Norton, T AF Paveglio, Travis Carroll, Matthew S. Absher, James D. Norton, Todd TI Just Blowing Smoke? Residents' Social Construction of Communication about Wildfire SO ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNICATION-A JOURNAL OF NATURE AND CULTURE LA English DT Article DE Communication; Wildland Fire; Land Management; Focus Groups ID WILDLAND FIRE; UNITED-STATES; RISK COMMUNICATION; FUELS MANAGEMENT; PUBLIC SUPPORT; STRATEGIES; POLICY; TRUST AB This study uses social constructionism as a basis for understanding the effectiveness of communication about wildfire risk between agency officials and wildland-urban interface (WUI) residents. Risk communication literature demonstrates a well-documented difference in the way land managers and stakeholders conceptualize risk. This is especially true of fire because management of these hazards have changed so drastically in past decades; fire managers have typically struggled to clearly articulate the current management policy to the public or integrate their specific knowledge in the risk management process. This study contributes to an understanding of how WUI residents construct communication about wildland fire and agency effectiveness in communicating the new era of fire inclusion. Specifically, we explore the personal and professional sources of information residents' use to understand their fire risk and the subjects they would like more information about. We also explore the continued viability of Smokey Bear, the most enduring symbol of fire management. C1 [Paveglio, Travis; Carroll, Matthew S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Absher, James D.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. [Norton, Todd] Washington State Univ, Edward R Murrow Coll Commun, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Paveglio, T (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Johnson Hall 183, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM TravisPaveglio@wsu.edu NR 48 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 8 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1752-4032 J9 ENVIRON COMMUN JI Environ. Commun. PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 76 EP 94 DI 10.1080/17524030802704971 PG 19 WC Communication; Environmental Studies SC Communication; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 560KW UT WOS:000274902500004 ER PT J AU Bengston, DN Fan, DP Reed, P Goldhor-Wilcock, A AF Bengston, David N. Fan, David P. Reed, Patrick Goldhor-Wilcock, Ashley TI Rapid Issue Tracking: A Method for Taking the Pulse of the Public Discussion of Environmental Policy SO ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNICATION-A JOURNAL OF NATURE AND CULTURE LA English DT Article DE Monitoring the Social Environment; Environmental Policy; Content Analysis; News Media; Social Media ID COMPUTER CONTENT-ANALYSIS; WORLD-WIDE-WEB; OPINION; MEDIA; POLITICS; COVERAGE AB Environmental communication professionals and other decision makers need to understand public sentiment toward environmental issues to effectively carry out their stewardship responsibilities. However, it is often difficult to obtain timely and reliable information about public discussion and debate regarding these issues. This paper describes an approach designed to address this dilemma: Rapid Issue Tracking is a method for quickly "taking the pulse" of public and other stakeholder discussion. The data source for Rapid Issue Tracking is online media stories, including traditional news media, social media, and other textual data such as public comments received by an agency. Two US Forest Service cases of Rapid Issue Tracking are presented to explicate the method and its usefulness in environmental communication and decision making. C1 [Bengston, David N.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fan, David P.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Reed, Patrick; Goldhor-Wilcock, Ashley] US Forest Serv, Human Dimens Natl Program, Washington Off, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bengston, DN (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM dbengston@fs.fed.us NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1752-4032 J9 ENVIRON COMMUN JI Environ. Commun. PY 2009 VL 3 IS 3 BP 367 EP 385 DI 10.1080/17524030903230165 PG 19 WC Communication; Environmental Studies SC Communication; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 560KZ UT WOS:000274902800006 ER PT J AU Romeis, J Meissle, M Raybould, A Hellmich, RL AF Romeis, J. Meissle, M. Raybould, A. Hellmich, R. L. BE Ferry, N Gatehouse, AMR TI Impact of Insect-resistant Transgenic Crops on Above-ground Non-target Arthropods SO ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Biological control; Bt crops; exposure assessment; Lepidoptera; predators; parasitoids; risk assessment ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS CORN; GENETICALLY-MODIFIED CROPS; NON-BT-COTTON; EULOPHUS-PENNICORNIS HYMENOPTERA; SNOWDROP LECTIN GNA; LACANOBIA-OLERACEA LEPIDOPTERA; CHRYSOPERLA-CARNEA NEUROPTERA; GALANTHUS-NIVALIS AGGLUTININ; PLANT PROTEASE INHIBITORS; COLORADO POTATO BEETLE AB Genetically modified (GM) maize and cotton varieties that express insecticidal proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have become an important component in integrated pest management programmes worldwide. A number of other crops producing Bt toxins, or more broad-spectrum insecticidal proteins, are likely to enter commercial production in the near future. Because insecticidal GM crops target insect pests, an important part of the environmental risk assessment is their potential impact on nontarget arthropods. Those include protected species and organisms providing important ecological services such as biological control of herbivores. Non-target arthropods can be exposed to the plant-produced insecticidal proteins through various routes, but mainly by feeding on GM plant material or herbivores that have consumed GM plant material. The Bt proteins produced in today's GM plants appear to have no direct effects on natural enemies due to their narrow spectrum of activity. Furthermore, it has become clear that in crop systems where the deployment of Bt varieties has led to a decline in insecticide use, biological control organisms have benefited significantly. Future GM plants that produce broader-spectrum insecticidal proteins will need to be assessed for their potential non-target effects case by case and compared to the impact of the conventional pest control methods that they replace. C1 [Romeis, J.; Meissle, M.] Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Raybould, A.] Syngenta, Jealotts Hill Int Res Ctr, Bracknell RG42 6EY, Berks, England. [Hellmich, R. L.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab Insectary, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hellmich, R. L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Genet Lab Insectary, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Romeis, J (reprint author), Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, Reckenholzstr 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. EM joerg.romeis@art.admin.ch; michael.meissle@art.admin.ch; alan.raybould@syngenta.com; richard.hellmich@ars.usda.gov RI Meissle, Michael/C-3127-2009 OI Meissle, Michael/0000-0002-5391-7715 NR 216 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 19 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-409-5 PY 2009 BP 165 EP 198 DI 10.1079/9781845934095.0165 D2 10.1079/9781845934095.0000 PG 34 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVY01 UT WOS:000293121000009 ER PT J AU Pepper, IL Dowd, SE AF Pepper, Ian L. Dowd, Scot E. BA Maier, RM Pepper, IL Gerba, CP BF Maier, RM Pepper, IL Gerba, CP TI Aeromicrobiology SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CLASS-B BIOSOLIDS; LAND APPLICATION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; AEROSOLS; INFECTION; SURVIVAL; AIR; BACTERIA; HUMIDITY; DISEASE C1 [Pepper, Ian L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Dowd, Scot E.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Pepper, IL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-091940-9 PY 2009 BP 83 EP 102 D2 10.1007/978-3-540-89768-2_5 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA BER06 UT WOS:000317823600006 ER PT J AU Sandrin, TR Dowd, SE Herman, DC Maier, RM AF Sandrin, Todd R. Dowd, Scot E. Herman, David C. Maier, Raina M. BA Maier, RM Pepper, IL Gerba, CP BF Maier, RM Pepper, IL Gerba, CP TI Aquatic Environments SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MICROBIAL BIOFILMS; BACTERIA; VIRUSES; BACTERIOPLANKTON; ECOSYSTEMS; SEA; ORGANIZATION; ECOLOGY; GROWTH; FUNGI C1 [Sandrin, Todd R.] Univ Wisconsin, Oshkosh, WI 54901 USA. [Dowd, Scot E.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. [Herman, David C.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Maier, Raina M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Sandrin, TR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Oshkosh, WI 54901 USA. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-091940-9 PY 2009 BP 103 EP 122 D2 10.1007/978-3-540-89768-2_5 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA BER06 UT WOS:000317823600007 ER PT J AU Dowd, SE Halonen, MJ Maier, RM AF Dowd, Scot E. Halonen, Marilyn J. Maier, Raina M. BA Maier, RM Pepper, IL Gerba, CP BF Maier, RM Pepper, IL Gerba, CP TI Immunological Methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID METHYLOSINUS-TRICHOSPORIUM OB3B; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CHROMATOGRAPHY; DEGRADATION; SAMPLES C1 [Dowd, Scot E.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. [Halonen, Marilyn J.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Maier, Raina M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Dowd, SE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-091940-9 PY 2009 BP 225 EP 241 D2 10.1007/978-3-540-89768-2_5 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA BER06 UT WOS:000317823600013 ER PT J AU Moore, MT Cooper, CM Smith, S Cullum, RF Knight, SS Locke, MA Bennett, ER AF Moore, M. T. Cooper, C. M. Smith, S., Jr. Cullum, R. F. Knight, S. S. Locke, M. A. Bennett, E. R. TI Mitigation of two pyrethroid insecticides in a Mississippi Delta constructed wetland SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Agricultural runoff; BMP; Pesticides; Phytoremediation; Retention ID LAMBDA-CYHALOTHRIN; METHYL-PARATHION; AQUATIC PLANTS; MESOCOSMS; ATRAZINE; RUNOFF; WATER; TOXICITY; SEDIMENT; EXPOSURE AB Constructed wetlands are a suggested best management practice to help mitigate agricultural runoff before entering receiving aquatic ecosystems. A constructed wetland system (180 m x 30 m), comprising a sediment retention basin and two treatment cells, was used to determine the fate and transport of simulated runoff containing the pyrethroid insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin and cyfluthrin, as well as suspended sediment. Wetland water, sediment, and plant samples were collected spatially and temporally over 55 d. Results showed 49 and 76% of the study's measured lambda-cyhalothrin and cyfluthrin masses were associated with vegetation, respectively. Based on conservative effects concentrations for invertebrates and regression analyses of maximum observed wetland aqueous concentrations, a wetland length of 215 m x 30 m width would be required to adequately mitigate 1% pesticide runoff from a 14 ha contributing area. Results of this experiment can be used to model future design specifications for constructed wetland mitigation of pyrethroid insecticides. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Moore, M. T.; Cooper, C. M.; Smith, S., Jr.; Cullum, R. F.; Knight, S. S.; Locke, M. A.; Bennett, E. R.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Moore, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, POB 1157,598 McElroy Dr, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM matt.moore@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 34 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 157 IS 1 BP 250 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.07.025 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 387HH UT WOS:000261941800034 PM 18789833 ER PT J AU Yemshanov, D McKenney, DW Pedlar, JH Koch, FH Cook, D AF Yemshanov, Denys McKenney, Daniel W. Pedlar, John H. Koch, Frank H. Cook, David TI Towards an integrated approach to modelling the risks and impacts of invasive forest species SO ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL; EMERALD ASH BORER; ENVIRONMENTAL NICHE MODELS; GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; SUDDEN OAK DEATH; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; UNITED-STATES; ALIEN-PLANT; ECONOMIC-IMPACT AB Les auteurs presentent le survol d'une approche integree pour la modelisation des risques et des impacts associes aux pestes forestieres non indigenes. Il s'agit d'un sujet large et important, compte tenu de l'echelle et des consequences economiques associees aux especes non indigenes, en Amerique du Nord et ailleurs. Les evaluations de risques et d'impacts demeurent difficiles a cause de la complexite et des interactions avec plusieurs facteurs responsables des invasions et de leurs consequences. Ces processus s'effectuent selon differentes echelles spatio-temporelles, et sont souvent influences et compliques par les activites humaines. Pour chaque composante d'une invasion ecologique (c.-a-d. arrivee, etablissement et diffusion), les auteurs passent en revue les approches generales pour la modelisation du phenomene ainsi que l'identification des donnees et les manques de connaissance. Avec la disponibilite accrue de diverses donnees spatiales et des capacites informatiques, les auteurs suggerent la possibilite de lier les modeles de chaque composante dans un cadre plus integre, permettant ainsi de mieux incorporer les interactions et les retroactions entre les composantes dans les efforts de modelisation des risques. On illustre cette approche en utilisant des exemples provenant du travail actuel sur le Sirex noctilio Fabricius, une guepe perce-bois envahissante relativement nouvelle dans l'est de l'Amerique du Nord. C1 [Yemshanov, Denys; McKenney, Daniel W.; Pedlar, John H.] Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Landscape Anal & Applicat Sect, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada. [Koch, Frank H.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, USDA, US Forest Serv,Forest Hlth Monitoring Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Cook, David] Australian Natl Univ, CSIRO, Cooperat Res Ctr Natl Plant Biosecur, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. RP McKenney, DW (reprint author), Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Landscape Anal & Applicat Sect, 1219 Queen St E, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada. EM dmckenne@NRCan.gc.ca RI Cook, David/C-1064-2009; Koch, Frank/F-2002-2011; OI Koch, Frank/0000-0002-3750-4507 NR 196 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 8 U2 31 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 1208-6053 EI 1181-8700 J9 ENVIRON REV JI Environ. Rev. PY 2009 VL 17 BP 163 EP 178 DI 10.1139/A09-007 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 545WU UT WOS:000273768500008 ER PT J AU Traub-Dargatz, JL Dargatz, DA AF Traub-Dargatz, J. L. Dargatz, D. A. TI Antibacterial drug resistance and equine practice SO EQUINE VETERINARY EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE horse; antimicrobial drugs; susceptibility testing; pathogens ID TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; HORSES; SALMONELLOSIS; OUTBREAK; TYPHIMURIUM; INFECTIONS; PNEUMONIA; ONTARIO; TRIAL; RISK AB The equine practitioner is in a position to make day-to-day decisions regarding antimicrobial drug (AMD) use for their patients as well as to educate their clients regarding judicious use. General guidelines regarding judicious use of AMDs In equine patients have been developed by the American Association of Equine Practitioners. Detailed guidelines for AMD use in specific equine diseases supported by clinical trials and results of surveillance studies focused on resistance among equine bacterial pathogens are lacking. Studies that could lead to detailed and justifiable use recommendations would allow the equine practitioner to make more Informed decisions regarding when to use AMDs, which drugs should be used and how they should be used (e.g. dose, route and duration). C1 [Traub-Dargatz, J. L.] Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, James L Voss Vet Teaching Hosp, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dargatz, D. A.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Epidemiol, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Dargatz, D. A.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Traub-Dargatz, JL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, James L Voss Vet Teaching Hosp, 300 W Drake Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL LTD PI NEWMARKET PA GRASEBY HOUSE, ENXING ROAD, NEWMARKET CB8 0AU, SUFFOLK, ENGLAND SN 0957-7734 J9 EQUINE VET EDUC JI Equine Vet. Educ. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 21 IS 1 BP 49 EP 56 DI 10.2746/095777309X382622 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 394QW UT WOS:000262463400011 ER PT J AU Arelli, PR Young, LD Concibido, VC AF Arelli, Prakash R. Young, Lawrence D. Concibido, Vergel C. TI Inheritance of resistance in soybean PI 567516C to LY1 nematode population infecting cv. Hartwig SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Review DE Chi-square analysis; cv. Hartwig; Heterodera glycines; LY1; PI 567516C; Resistance; Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.); Soybean cyst nematode ID HETERODERA-GLYCINES; GERMPLASM RESISTANT; RACES 1 AB Worldwide, cyst nematode (SCN) Heterodera glycines is the most destructive pathogen on cultivated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). In the USA yield losses in 2001 were estimated to be nearly 60 million dollars. Crop losses are primarily reduced by the use of resistant cultivars. Nematode populations are variable and have adapted to reproduce on resistant cultivars overtime because resistance primarily traces to two soybean accessions. Recently cv. Hartwig was released which has comprehensive resistance to most SCN populations. A virulent nematode population LY1 was recently selected for its reproduction on Hartwig. LY1 population originated from a mass mating of Race 2 (HG Type 1.2.5-) females with Race 5 (HG Type 1.2-) males. LY1 nematode population infects currently known sources of resistance except PI 567516C. The female indices obtained on PI 567516C and Hartwig were 7% (resistant) and 155% (susceptible), respectively. However, the genetic basis of LY1 resistance in soybean PI 567516C is not known. Resistant PI line 567516C was crossed to susceptible cultivar Hartwig to generate 105 F(2:5) families. These families together with parents, seven indicator lines and a susceptible control cv. Lee-74 were evaluated for response to LY1 nematode population in the greenhouse. Chi-square analysis showed resistance in PI567516C to LY1 was conditioned by one dominant and two recessive genes (Rhg, rhg, rhg). Chi-square value was 0.15 and P = 0.70. This information will be useful to soybean researchers for developing resistant cultivars to nematode population that infects Hartwig. C1 [Arelli, Prakash R.] USDA ARS, Midsouth Area, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Young, Lawrence D.] USDA ARS, Midsouth Area, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Concibido, Vergel C.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. RP Arelli, PR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Midsouth Area, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. EM Prakash.Arelli@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2009 VL 165 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1007/s10681-008-9760-z PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 389IU UT WOS:000262086900001 ER PT J AU Sun, LX Bukovac, MJ Forsline, PL van Nocker, S AF Sun, Lingxia Bukovac, M. John Forsline, Philip L. van Nocker, Steven TI Natural variation in fruit abscission-related traits in apple (Malus) SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Malus; Abscission; Fruit ripening; Ethylene; Natural diversity ID ETHYLENE PRODUCTION; AUXIN TRANSPORT; LEAF ABSCISSION; LAYER FORMATION; CHERRY; SEPARATION; TISSUES; MD-ACS1; TOMATO; ALLELE AB Abscission or retention of ripening fruit is a major component of seed dispersal strategies and also has important implications for horticultural production. Abscission-related traits have generally not been targeted in breeding efforts, and their genetic bases remain mostly unknown. We evaluated 144 Malus accessions representing wild species, domestic cultivars, and hybrids for abscission-related traits. We found that seasonal timing of fruit abscission in wild species and hybrids showed a broad distribution similar to that seen for domestic cultivars, and that internal ethylene concentration at the time of abscission varied by over three orders of magnitude. Wild species, domestic cultivars, and hybrids all included representatives that showed abscission of fruit prior to substantial production of ethylene, as well as accessions that retained fruit for a significant period of time following ethylene production. For all accessions that retained fruit, fruit removal resulted in abscission of the pedicel, and exogenous ethylene promoted abscission, suggesting that the abscission zone was functional. Our results suggest important roles for mechanisms independent of fruit ethylene production in abscission. C1 [Sun, Lingxia; Bukovac, M. John; van Nocker, Steven] Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Forsline, Philip L.] Cornell Univ, Plant Genet Resources Unit, USDA ARS, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP van Nocker, S (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM vannocke@msu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [NE1018]; Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station (MAES) FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (Regional Project NE1018, Postharvest Biology of Fruit) and the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station (MAES). NR 46 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2009 VL 165 IS 1 BP 55 EP 67 DI 10.1007/s10681-008-9754-x PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 389IU UT WOS:000262086900006 ER PT J AU Wang, XW Wadl, PA Rinehart, TA Scheffler, BE Windham, MT Spiers, JM Johnson, DH Trigiano, RN AF Wang, Xinwang Wadl, Phillip A. Rinehart, Timothy A. Scheffler, Brian E. Windham, Mark T. Spiers, James M. Johnson, Denita H. Trigiano, Robert N. TI A linkage map for flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) based on microsatellite markers SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Flowering dogwood; Cornus florida L.; "Pseudo F(2)" population; Linkage map; Microsatellite (SSR) ID FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISMS; NUCLEAR-DNA CONTENT; GENETIC-MAP; AFLP MARKERS; QTL ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR MARKERS; PSEUDO-TESTCROSS; MAPPING STRATEGY; APPLE CULTIVARS; PRUNUS-PERSICA AB A genetic linkage map of flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) was constructed using 94 individuals derived from a cross of two F(1) trees designated 97-6 and 97-7, which were originally from a cross between 'Appalachian Spring' and 'Cherokee Brave'. Out of approximately 800 SSR loci examined, 271 were polymorphic between 'Appalachian Spring' and 'Cherokee Brave', but were monomorphic between 97-6 and 97-7. These 271 segregating markers were used to build a linkage map for flowering dogwood. Eleven linkage groups were obtained with a log-of-odds (LOD) value of 6.0 using Join-Map (R) 4.0 software, which matches the chromosome number of flowering dogwood haploid genome. This linkage map consisted of 255 SSR loci, spanned a total of 1,175 centimorgans (cM) with an average internal distance of 4.6 cM. Several larger gaps and slight clustering of markers were present on this linkage map. This is the first linkage map of flowering dogwood and will be a fundamental tool for new gene identification and marker-assisted selection in our flowering dogwood breeding program. C1 [Wang, Xinwang; Wadl, Phillip A.; Windham, Mark T.; Johnson, Denita H.; Trigiano, Robert N.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Rinehart, Timothy A.; Spiers, James M.] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] USDA ARS CGRU, MSA Genom Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Trigiano, RN (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM rtrigian@utk.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU USDA [58-6404-2-0057] FX This work was supported by USDA Agreement # 58-6404-2-0057. Any information requirements can be addressed to Dr. Robert N. Trigiano at rtrigian@ utk. edu. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing speciWc information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the NR 70 TC 10 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2009 VL 165 IS 1 BP 165 EP 175 DI 10.1007/s10681-008-9802-6 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 389IU UT WOS:000262086900017 ER PT J AU Benbouza, H Lognay, G Scheffler, J Baudoin, JP Mergeai, G AF Benbouza, Halima Lognay, George Scheffler, Jodi Baudoin, Jean Pierre Mergeai, Guy TI Expression of the "glanded-plant and glandless-seed" trait of Australian diploid cottons in different genetic backgrounds SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Review DE Gossypium; Introgression; Interspecifics hybrids; Seed gossypol quantification; Cotton; HPLC ID TERPENOID ALDEHYDES; GOSSYPIUM-BARBADENSE; PIGMENT GLANDS; UPLAND COTTONS; HIRSUTUM; ALLELOCHEMICALS; INTROGRESSION AB The expression of the "glanded-plant and glandless-seed" trait was assessed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis methods in different Gossypium hybrids obtained by crossing Australian diploid cottons and various diploid and tetraploid species. Significant variation in the gossypol content in the seed was observed among the analyzed genotypes. HPLC data demonstrated that the gossypol synthesis repression mechanism in the Australian diploid species belonging to C and G genomes was dominant but did not confirm its preferential functioning against A genome species bearing GL(2) locus. About 10% of the produced seeds had total gossypol content lower than the limit imposed by the World Health Organisation (600 ppm) for the use of cotton flour in food and feed. HPLC analysis of the terpenoids aldehyde (TA) contents in the aerial parts of the hybrids showed important qualitative and quantitative variability. This result could indicate a certain separation between pigment gland morphogenesis and terpenoid synthesis mechanisms in cotton. C1 [Benbouza, Halima; Baudoin, Jean Pierre; Mergeai, Guy] Gembloux Agr Univ, Dept Trop Crop Husb & Hort, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium. [Lognay, George] Gembloux Agr Univ, Dept Analyt Chem, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium. [Scheffler, Jodi] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Mergeai, G (reprint author), Gembloux Agr Univ, Dept Trop Crop Husb & Hort, Passage Deportes 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium. EM benbouza@hotmail.com; mergeai.g@fsagx.ac.be FU Belgian "Fonds de la Recherche Fondamentale et Collective" FX The PhD scholarship for Halima Benbouza was provided by the Belgian General Direction of International Cooperation (DGCI). This work was supported by the Belgian "Fonds de la Recherche Fondamentale et Collective". NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2009 VL 165 IS 2 BP 211 EP 221 DI 10.1007/s10681-008-9772-8 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 389IW UT WOS:000262087100001 ER PT J AU Wu, JX Gutierrez, OA Jenkins, JN McCarty, JC Zhu, J AF Wu, Jixiang Gutierrez, Osman Ariel Jenkins, Johnie N. McCarty, Jack C. Zhu, Jun TI Quantitative analysis and QTL mapping for agronomic and fiber traits in an RI population of upland cotton SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Linkage mapping; QTL; Recombinant inbred lines; Upland cotton; Agronomic traits; Fiber traits ID X GOSSYPIUM-BARBADENSE; CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINES; EST-DERIVED MICROSATELLITES; LINKAGE MAP; HIRSUTUM L.; ALLOTETRAPLOID COTTON; RECOMBINANT INBREDS; QUALITY; GENOME; CONSTRUCTION AB Genetic mapping is an essential tool for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) molecular breeding and application of DNA markers for cotton improvement. In this present study, we evaluated an RI population including 188 RI lines developed from 94 F(2)-derived families and their two parental lines, 'HS 46' and 'MARCABUCAG8US-1-88', at Mississippi State, MS, for two years. Fourteen agronomic and fiber traits were measured. One hundred forty one (141) polymorphic SSR markers were screened for this population and 125 markers were used to construct a linkage map. Twenty six linkage groups were constructed, covering 125 SSR loci and 965 cM of overall map distance. Twenty four linkage groups (115 SSR loci) were assigned to specific chromosomes. Quantitative genetic analysis showed that the genotypic effects accounted for more than 20% of the phenotypic variation for all traits except fiber perimeter (18%). Fifty six QTLs (LOD > 3.0) associated with 14 agronomic and fiber traits were located on 17 chromosomes. One QTL associated with fiber elongation was located on linkage group LGU01. Nine chromosomes in sub-A genome harbored 27 QTLs with 10 associated with agronomic traits and 17 with fiber traits. Eight chromosomes in D sub-genome harbored 29 QTLs with 13 associated with agronomic traits and 16 with fiber traits. Chromosomes 3, 5, 12, 13, 14, 16, 20, and 26 harbor important QTLs for both yield and fiber quality compared to other chromosomes. Since this RI population was developed from an intraspecific cross within upland cotton, these QTLs should be useful for marker assisted selection for improving breeding efficiency in cotton line development. C1 [Wu, Jixiang; Gutierrez, Osman Ariel] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Jenkins, Johnie N.; McCarty, Jack C.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Zhu, Jun] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Bioinformat, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Wu, JX (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, POB 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Jixiang.wu@ars.usda.gov; johnie.jenkins@ars.usda.gov RI Wu, Jixiang/C-4084-2009; Zhu, Jun/B-9945-2009 NR 51 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2009 VL 165 IS 2 BP 231 EP 245 DI 10.1007/s10681-008-9748-8 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 389IW UT WOS:000262087100003 ER PT J AU Cichy, KA Snapp, SS Blair, MW AF Cichy, Karen A. Snapp, Sieglinde S. Blair, Matthew W. TI Plant growth habit, root architecture traits and tolerance to low soil phosphorus in an Andean bean population SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Determinate; Indeterminate; Root length density; Root surface area ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; GENETIC-VARIATION; YIELD COMPONENTS; COMMON; AVAILABILITY; GENOTYPES; DEFICIENCY; DETERMINATE; ADAPTATION; CULTIVARS AB The optimal plant growth habit and architecture of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is dependent on environmental conditions. The objectives of this research were to determine if plant growth habit impacts a plant's ability to grow in low P conditions, as measured by P uptake, seed yield, and P use efficiency and to determine if aboveground plant growth habit and root growth are associated at variable P soil levels. The study was carried out with recombinant inbred lines developed from an Andean intra-gene pool cross between a low P tolerant parent with an indeterminate growth habit (G19833) and a low P susceptible parent with a determinate growth habit (AND696). The population was grown for 2 years in low and sufficient P conditions in a Weld site in Darien, Colombia. In the first season, indeterminate lines had 15% more seed yield than the determinate lines in the low P treatment, whereas there was no difference by growth habit in the high P treatment. In the second season, seed yield and tolerance to low P was not influenced by growth habit. Root architectural characteristics such as root length density (RLD) and root surface area were 25% and 34% greater respectively in the indeterminate lines under P-sufficiency, whereas under low P, root architecture traits were not significantly different by growth habit. Root plasticity was higher in determinate lines, although RLD and root surface area did not play a significant role in tolerance to low P. Overall, the data were consistent with shoot growth habit as playing a complex and important role in adaptation to P-deficiency. C1 [Cichy, Karen A.] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Cichy, Karen A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Snapp, Sieglinde S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Snapp, Sieglinde S.] Michigan State Univ, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Blair, Matthew W.] CIAT, Biotechnol Unit, Cali, Colombia. RP Cichy, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Karen.Cichy@ars.usda.gov; snapp@msu.edu; M.BLAIR@CGIAR.ORG RI Snapp, Sieglinde/D-5109-2013 NR 40 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2009 VL 165 IS 2 BP 257 EP 268 DI 10.1007/s10681-008-9778-2 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 389IW UT WOS:000262087100005 ER PT J AU Myers, GO Jiang, BG Akash, MW Badigannavar, A Saha, S AF Myers, Gerald O. Jiang, Baogong Akash, Muhanad W. Badigannavar, Ashok Saha, Sukumar TI Chromosomal assignment of AFLP markers in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE AFLP; G. hirsutum; QTL; Chromosomal assignment ID LINKAGE GROUPS; QTL ANALYSIS; BARBADENSE; MAP; GENOME; BARLEY; POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION; DNA; ORGANIZATION AB In this research, we used two sets of cotton aneuploid (G. hirsutum x G. tomentosum and G. hirsutum x G. barbadense) plants to locate AFLP markers to chromosomes using deletion analysis method. Thirty-eight primer combinations were used to generate 608 polymorphic AFLP markers. A total of 98 AFLP markers were assigned to 22 different cotton chromosomes or chromosome arms. Of those assigned markers, 63.3% were assigned to A genome and 36.7% were assigned to D genome. A low rate (14.3%) of common markers were found between those assigned AFLP markers with the AFLP markers from an intraspecific cross population developed previous in our lab. Based on the 16 common markers, we were able to associate the 13 linkage groups previously identified in our lab to eight chromosomes. Further research will be carried out by using SSR markers with known location to associate unassigned linkage groups to chromosomes. C1 [Myers, Gerald O.; Jiang, Baogong; Badigannavar, Ashok] LSU Agr Ctr, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Akash, Muhanad W.] Univ Jordan, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Amman 11942, Jordan. [Saha, Sukumar] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Myers, GO (reprint author), LSU Agr Ctr, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM gmyers@agctr.lsu.edu NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2009 VL 165 IS 2 BP 391 EP 399 DI 10.1007/s10681-008-9803-5 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 389IW UT WOS:000262087100017 ER PT J AU Yocum, GD Rinehart, JP Larson, ML AF Yocum, George D. Rinehart, Joseph P. Larson, Marnie L. TI Down-regulation of gene expression between the diapause initiation and maintenance phases of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chrysomelidae; Coleoptera; diapause; gene expression ID PHOTOPERIODIC INDUCTION; VITAMIN-A; AMBLYSEIUS-POTENTILLAE; PREDATORY MITE; PROTEINS; INSECT; DIET; DROSOPHILA; SUPERFAMILY; TRANSCRIPTS AB The diapause initiation and maintenance phases of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, were screened. Eight transcripts were found to be downregulated as the beetles enter the diapause maintenance phase of diapause development after day 15 postemergence. These transcripts were also expressed in early nondiapausing adults. Using BlastX, the transcripts were placed into six broad categories: regulatory (serpin), structural (apidermin), protease (serine protease), retinol binding protein (CRALBP), carbohydrate metabolism (beta-glucosidase, beta-mannosidase, and cellulose II), and unknown function. C1 [Yocum, George D.; Rinehart, Joseph P.; Larson, Marnie L.] USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Yocum, GD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM george.yocum@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU CZECH ACAD SCI, INST ENTOMOLOGY PI CESKE BUDEJOVICE PA BRANISOVSKA 31, CESKE BUDEJOVICE 370 05, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1210-5759 J9 EUR J ENTOMOL JI Eur. J. Entomol. PY 2009 VL 106 IS 4 BP 471 EP 476 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 528ZD UT WOS:000272484600002 ER PT J AU Kapur, S Kapur, B Akca, E Eswaran, H Aydin, M AF Kapur, Selim Kapur, Burcak Akca, Erhan Eswaran, Hari Aydin, Mustafa BE Brauch, HG Behera, NC Chourou, B Grin, J KameriMbote, P Krummenacher, H Mesjasz, C Spring, UO TI A Research Strategy to Secure Energy, Water, and Food via Developing Sustainable Land and Water Management in Turkey SO FACING GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE: ENVIRONMENTAL, HUMAN, ENERGY, FOOD, HEALTH AND WATER SECURITY CONCEPTS SE Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Kapur, Selim] Cukurova Univ, Dept Archaeometry, TR-01330 Adana, Turkey. [Kapur, Selim] Cukurova Univ, Dept Soil Sci, TR-01330 Adana, Turkey. [Kapur, Burcak] Cukurova Univ, Dept Agr Struct & Irrigat, TR-01330 Adana, Turkey. [Akca, Erhan] Adiyaman Univ, Dept Tech Programs, TR-02400 Adiyaman, Turkey. [Eswaran, Hari] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Aydin, Mustafa] TOBB Econ & Technol Univ, TR-06560 Ankara, Turkey. RP Kapur, S (reprint author), Cukurova Univ, Dept Soil Sci, TR-01330 Adana, Turkey. EM kapurs@cu.edu.tr; bkapur@cu.edu.tr; erakca@gmail.com; hari.eswaran@wdc.usda.gov; maydin@etu.edu.tr NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-540-68488-6 J9 HEXAG SER HUM ENVIRO PY 2009 VL 4 BP 509 EP 518 D2 10.1007/978-3-540-68488-6 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BMD19 UT WOS:000271893300044 ER PT B AU Westfall, JA AF Westfall, James A. BA Westfall, JA BF Westfall, JA TI FIA National Assessment of Data Quality for Forest Health Indicators Introduction SO FIA NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF DATA QUALITY FOR FOREST HEALTH INDICATORS SE USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report GTR NRS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID EPIPHYTIC MACROLICHEN COMMUNITIES; REPEATABILITY; CALIFORNIA; INVENTORY C1 US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. RP Westfall, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FOR SERV N RES PY 2009 IS NRS-53 BP 1 EP + PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BNM11 UT WOS:000274930600001 ER PT B AU Westfall, JA Bechtold, WA Randolph, KC AF Westfall, James A. Bechtold, William A. Randolph, KaDonna C. BA Westfall, JA BF Westfall, JA TI Tree Crown Indicator SO FIA NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF DATA QUALITY FOR FOREST HEALTH INDICATORS SE USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report GTR NRS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Westfall, James A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Randolph, KaDonna C.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. [Bechtold, William A.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC USA. RP Westfall, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FOR SERV N RES PY 2009 IS NRS-53 BP 3 EP 15 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BNM11 UT WOS:000274930600002 ER PT B AU Westfall, JA Woodall, CW AF Westfall, James A. Woodall, Christopher W. BA Westfall, JA BF Westfall, JA TI Down Woody Materials Indicator SO FIA NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF DATA QUALITY FOR FOREST HEALTH INDICATORS SE USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report GTR NRS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Westfall, James A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Woodall, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. RP Westfall, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FOR SERV N RES PY 2009 IS NRS-53 BP 16 EP 23 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BNM11 UT WOS:000274930600003 ER PT B AU Hansen, MH Perry, CH Amacher, MC AF Hansen, Mark H. Perry, Charles H. Amacher, Michael C. BA Westfall, JA BF Westfall, JA TI Soil Quality Indicator SO FIA NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF DATA QUALITY FOR FOREST HEALTH INDICATORS SE USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report GTR NRS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Hansen, Mark H.; Perry, Charles H.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Amacher, Michael C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT USA. RP Hansen, MH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FOR SERV N RES PY 2009 IS NRS-53 BP 24 EP 39 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BNM11 UT WOS:000274930600004 ER PT B AU Patterson, PL Will-Wolf, S Trest, MT AF Patterson, Paul L. Will-Wolf, Susan Trest, Marie T. BA Westfall, JA BF Westfall, JA TI Lichen Indicator SO FIA NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF DATA QUALITY FOR FOREST HEALTH INDICATORS SE USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report GTR NRS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Patterson, Paul L.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Will-Wolf, Susan; Trest, Marie T.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI USA. RP Patterson, PL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FOR SERV N RES PY 2009 IS NRS-53 BP 40 EP 47 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BNM11 UT WOS:000274930600005 ER PT B AU Kuegler, O AF Kuegler, Olaf BA Westfall, JA BF Westfall, JA TI Ozone Indicator SO FIA NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF DATA QUALITY FOR FOREST HEALTH INDICATORS SE USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report GTR NRS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Kuegler, O (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FOR SERV N RES PY 2009 IS NRS-53 BP 48 EP 54 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BNM11 UT WOS:000274930600006 ER PT B AU Gartner, D Schulz, B AF Gartner, David Schulz, Bethany BA Westfall, JA BF Westfall, JA TI Vegetation Diversity and Structure Indicator SO FIA NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF DATA QUALITY FOR FOREST HEALTH INDICATORS SE USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report GTR NRS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Gartner, David] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. [Schulz, Bethany] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Gartner, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FOR SERV N RES PY 2009 IS NRS-53 BP 55 EP 78 PG 24 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BNM11 UT WOS:000274930600007 ER PT J AU Booth, NJ Bilodeau-Bourgeois, AL AF Booth, Natha J. Bilodeau-Bourgeois, A. Lelania TI Proteomic analysis of head kidney tissue from high and tow susceptibility families of channel catfish following challenge with Edwardsiella ictaluri SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Proteomic analysis; 2-D gel electrophoresis; Channel catfish; Disease susceptibility ID RECYCLING COMPARTMENT; SORTING ENDOSOMES; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; RAB11; MACROPHAGES; PUNCTATUS; PROTEINS; IMMUNITY; STRESS AB A study was performed to compare proteomic profiles of channel catfish from families with high and low susceptibility to Edwardsiella ictaluri following an immersion challenge. Total protein was isolated from head kidney samples, collected at 2 and 6 h postexposure, and analyzed by 2-D-gel electrophoresis coupled with peptide mass fingerprint analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption /ionization and time of flight tandem mass spectrometry. Comparisons were made between proteomic profiles from infected and uninfected fish from high and low susceptibility families. Heat shock protein 90-beta, from the high susceptibility infected family, and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1-like protein, from the low susceptibility infected family, were identified at 2 h postexposure. Rab-11-like protein (tow susceptibility infected family), tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein epsilon (low susceptibility infected family), glyceraldehyde-3 -3-phosphate dehydrogenase (high susceptibility infected family), and ATP synthase beta subunit (tow susceptibility uninfected family) were identified at 6 h postexposure. Four proteins, heat shock protein 90-beta, Rab-11, tyrosine 3 -monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein epsilon, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, have activities involved in macrophage function or cellular stress responses, white the other two have functions associated with cellular energy production and metabolism. These results demonstrate the potential for use of proteomic techniques in channel catfish research. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Booth, Natha J.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Bilodeau-Bourgeois, A. Lelania] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Booth, NJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd,POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM natha.booth@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 1 BP 193 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2008.03.003 PG 4 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 416OP UT WOS:000264015700024 PM 19028110 ER PT J AU Lyn, ME Abbas, HK Zablotowicz, RM Johnson, BJ AF Lyn, M. E. Abbas, H. K. Zablotowicz, R. M. Johnson, B. J. TI Delivery systems for biological control agents to manage aflatoxin contamination of pre-harvest maize SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; Aspergillus flavus; biological control; formulation; spray application; maize (Zea mays L; ) ID NON-BT-CORN; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; FUMONISIN CONTAMINATION; FIELD APPLICATION; PLANTING DATE; HYBRIDS; POPULATIONS; INOCULATION; MISSISSIPPI; BIOCONTROL AB While soil application of a competitive non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains is successful in reducing aflatoxin contamination in certain crops, direct application to aerial reproductive structures could be more effective for maize. A sprayable, clay-based water-dispersible granule formulation was developed to deliver non-toxigenic A. flavus strain K49 directly to maize ears. The efficacy of the K49 water-dispersible granule in mitigating aflatoxin in maize (Zea mays L.) was evaluated. Field studies were conducted to compare K49 colonization and effectiveness in reducing aflatoxin contamination when applied either as a soil inoculant or as a directed spray in plots infested with toxigenic strain F3W4. Fifty percent of non-toxigenic A. flavus was recovered from non-treated controls and from plots soil inoculated with K49 on wheat. In spray treatments with formulated or unformulated K49 conidia, over 90% of A. flavus recovered was non-toxigenic. Soil-applied K49 reduced aflatoxin contamination by 65% and spray applications reduced contamination by 97%. These findings suggest direct spray application of non-toxigenic A. flavus strains may be better than soil inoculation at controlling maize aflatoxin contamination and that a water-dispersible granule is a viable delivery system for maintaining viability and efficacy of the biological control agent, K49. C1 [Abbas, H. K.; Johnson, B. J.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. [Lyn, M. E.] ARS, USDA, Applicat & Prod Technol Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. [Zablotowicz, R. M.] ARS, USDA, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Abbas, HK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. EM Hamed.Abbas@ars.usda.gov OI Zablotowicz, Robert/0000-0001-8070-1998 NR 29 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2009 VL 26 IS 3 BP 381 EP 387 AR PII 908706976 DI 10.1080/02652030802441521 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 420DG UT WOS:000264268000014 PM 19680912 ER PT J AU Chen, G Liu, G AF Chen, G. Liu, G. TI Analysis of oxytetracycline residue in salmon muscle using a portable analyzer based on Eu-III luminescence SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE extraction; screening assays; veterinary drug residues, tetracycline; fish ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; EUROPIUM-SENSITIZED LUMINESCENCE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; TETRACYCLINE; HONEY; ASSAY; FISH; CHLORTETRACYCLINE; CHEMILUMINESCENCE AB In the United States, oxytetracycline (OTC) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in salmon, catfish and lobster; worldwide, it is the most prominent therapeutant in aquaculture. In this study, OTC and 4-epiOTC residues in salmon muscle were determined using a portable analyzer based on europium-sensitized luminescence (ESL). Extraction was performed first in EDTA/metaphosphoric acid/NaCl/hexane and then in metaphosphoric acid. After centrifugation, cleanup was carried out using hydrophilic-lipophilic balance cartridges. The ESL intensity, integrated over a 25-1000 mu s interval, was linear (r(2) = 0.9999) over three orders of magnitude. In comparison to xenon flashlamp, light-emitting diode (LED) excitation reduced background noise by sixfold to 6.4 ng g(-1). Without prior chromatographic separation, this ESL method/instrument combination achieved 10.9 ng g(-1) limit of detection and <2% average relative standard deviation. Average recovery was 82.0, 83.6 and 86.8% at 50, 100 and 2000 ng g(-1), respectively. C1 [Chen, G.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Liu, G.] Shanghai Inst Food & Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China. RP Chen, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM guoying.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Chen, Guoying/C-6800-2015 OI Chen, Guoying/0000-0001-9532-0696 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2009 VL 26 IS 8 BP 1172 EP 1179 DI 10.1080/02652030903013302 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 485FW UT WOS:000269107600005 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Delwiche, SR Dong, Y AF Liu, Y. Delwiche, S. R. Dong, Y. TI Feasibility of FT-Raman spectroscopy for rapid screening for DON toxin in ground wheat and barley SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE analysis; NIR; screening; mycotoxins; Fusarium; cereals and grain ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DEOXYNIVALENOL VOMITOXIN; MYCOTOXINS; CEREALS; AMYLOSE; KERNELS; FUNGI; CORN AB Rapid detection of deoxynivalenol (DON) in cereal-based food and feed has long been the goal of regulators and manufacturers. As non-destructive approaches, infrared (IR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic techniques have been used for the prediction and classification of contaminated single-kernel and ground grain without any DON extraction steps. These methods, however, are hindered by the intense and broad spectral bands attributed to naturally occurring moisture. Raman spectroscopy could be an alternative to IR and NIR due to its insensitivity to water and fewer overlapped bands. This study explored the feasibility of the Raman technique for rapid and non-destructive screening of DON-contaminated wheat and barley meal. The advantages of this technique include the use of a 1064-nm NIR excitation laser that reduces interference from fluorescence of biological compounds in wheat and barley, the use of a simple intensity-intensity algorithm at two unique frequencies, plus the technique's ease of sample preparation. The results indicate that the simple algorithm, as well as principal component analysis applied to the Raman spectra, can be used to classify low from high DON grain. C1 [Delwiche, S. R.] USDA, Food Qual Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Dong, Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Delwiche, SR (reprint author), USDA, Food Qual Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 303,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM stephen.delwiche@ars.usda.gov FU USDA FX The authors wish to express their sincere thanks to Dr Richard Horsley and Dr Paul Schwartz of Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, for barley samples and DON analysis. One of us (YD) acknowledges financial aid from the Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative of the USDA. Mention of a product or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 26 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2009 VL 26 IS 10 BP 1396 EP 1401 AR PII 913812517 DI 10.1080/02652030903013310 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 492WQ UT WOS:000269693700008 PM 21462584 ER PT J AU Brandon, DL Hernlem, BJ AF Brandon, David L. Hernlem, Bradley J. TI Development of monoclonal antibodies specific for Ricinus agglutinins SO FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ricin; Ricinus communis agglutinin; castor; monoclonal antibody ID BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; A-CHAIN; TOXICITY; ASSAY; ELISA; FOOD AB Ricin is a highly toxic, dichain ribosome-inactivating protein present in the seeds of Ricinus communis (castor), grown principally as a source of high quality industrial lubricant and as an ornamental. Because of its presence in industrial byproducts and its documented use for intentional poisoning, there is a need for analytical methodology to quantify ricin in both castor extracts and food matrices. We developed a panel of monoclonal antibodies to ricin, with most having strong cross-reactivity with RCA-1, a homologous but less toxic castor agglutinin. Some of the IgM-producing hybridomas appeared to produce a second, IgG isotype and were further analysed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The antibodies were effective in various ELISA formats, many with IC50's in the range of 0.1-10 ng/mL and minimal matrix effects in skim milk. Assay specificity can be adjusted for analytical needs by varying the combination of antibodies in a sandwich ELISA format. C1 [Brandon, David L.; Hernlem, Bradley J.] USDA ARS, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Brandon, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM david.brandon@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0954-0105 J9 FOOD AGR IMMUNOL JI Food Agric. Immunol. PY 2009 VL 20 IS 1 BP 11 EP 22 AR PII 909043149 DI 10.1080/09540100802626487 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Toxicology GA 412HI UT WOS:000263715500002 ER PT J AU Chau, GP Collier, CT Welsh, TH Carroll, JA Laurenz, JC AF Chau, G. P. Collier, C. T. Welsh, T. H. Carroll, J. A. Laurenz, J. C. TI Beta-1,3-glucan effect on sow antibody production and passive immunisation of progeny SO FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE -glucan; pig; colostrum; passive immunisation ID MAMMARY-GLAND; ACTINOBACILLUS-PLEUROPNEUMONIAE; IMMUNOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS; BETA-GLUCAN; IMMUNITY; PIGS; SWINE; MILK; IGG; IMMUNOGLOBULINS AB -glucans are glucose homopolymers known to modulate immunity. Here, the -glucan effect on sow antibody production and passive immunisation of neonatal pigs was analysed. Treatments included: (1) corn-soy fed Control group; (2) -glucan; (3) Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) vaccination; and (4) -glucan + App vaccination. Birth and weaning weights were not affected (P0.05) by treatment. Independent of treatment, IgA, IgG and IgM in colostrum were elevated and declined rapidly. Vaccination against App resulted in an increase (P0.05) in IgG and IgA specific for App serotypes 1, 5 and 7 in colostrum and milk, and a corresponding increase (P0.05) in serum in pigs at 4 d of age. However, -glucan did not enhance specific App antibodies in pig serum. While the dosage used here did not enhance passive immunisation in pigs, -glucan can be potentially efficacious as an oral adjuvant to enhance immunoglobulin production in response to vaccination. C1 [Chau, G. P.; Collier, C. T.; Laurenz, J. C.] Texas A&I Univ, Dept Anim & Wildlife Sci, Coll Agr & Human Sci, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Welsh, T. H.] Texas A&M Univ, Texas AgriLife Res, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Carroll, J. A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Laurenz, JC (reprint author), Texas A&I Univ, Dept Anim & Wildlife Sci, Coll Agr & Human Sci, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. EM jamie.laurenz@enmu.edu NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0954-0105 J9 FOOD AGR IMMUNOL JI Food Agric. Immunol. PY 2009 VL 20 IS 3 BP 185 EP 193 AR PII 914006645 DI 10.1080/09540100903019392 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Toxicology GA 485CP UT WOS:000269098600001 ER PT S AU Johnson, EJ AF Johnson, E. J. BE Raats, M DeGroot, L VanStaveren, W TI Nutrition and eye-related disorders SO FOOD FOR THE AGEING POPULATION SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE cataract; age-related macular degeneration; vitamins C; vitamin E; lutein zeaxanthin; zinc; omega-3 fatty acids ID AGE-RELATED MACULOPATHY; CATARACTOUS HUMAN LENSES; FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION; OPACITIES CASE-CONTROL; MACULAR DEGENERATION; DIETARY-FAT; BETA-CAROTENE; ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS; RISK-FACTORS; CLINICAL-TRIAL AB Age-related cataract and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are the major causes of visual impairment and blindness in the aging population. There is much interest in the prevention of these two age-related eye diseases. Of particular interest is the possibility that certain dietary components intervention might reduce the incidence or retard the progression of these diseases. The nutrients that may be important in the prevention of these eye diseases are vitamins C and E and the carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids. There is biological plausibility to support a role of these dietary components in the protection of the lens and macula from light damage. Further support comes from epidemiologic studies evaluating dietary in takes and risk of these eye diseases. C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Johnson, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM elizabeth.johnson@tufts.edu NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978 1 84569 193 6 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 165 BP 312 EP 329 DI 10.1533/9781845695484.2.312 PG 18 WC Food Science & Technology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Food Science & Technology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA BOK41 UT WOS:000276891200017 ER PT S AU Tucker, KL AF Tucker, K. L. BE Raats, M DeGroot, L VanStaveren, W TI Water-soluble vitamins and ageing SO FOOD FOR THE AGEING POPULATION SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE vitamin C; thiamin; riboflavin; niacin; folate; vitamin B-6; vitamin B-12 ID CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE CONCENTRATIONS; RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE; HEALTHY ELDERLY POPULATION; COBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; FOLATE-DEFICIENCY; ASCORBIC-ACID; RIBOFLAVIN DEFICIENCY; METHYLMALONIC ACID AB Since their discovery, the importance of the water-soluble B complex vitamins and vitamin C to the maintenance of healthy tissue and prevention of disease has been recognized. Today, research on the actions of these vitamins is leading to the understanding that these vitamins function in complex ways in the body to maintain optimal health, and to protect against chronic diseases of ageing, including cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline and osteoporosis. The present chapter presents an updated summary of these advances in understanding of function, along with information on their dietary sources and bioavailability. C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Dietary Assessment & Epidemiol Res Program, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Tucker, KL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Dietary Assessment & Epidemiol Res Program, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Katherine.Tucker@tufts.edu OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X NR 117 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978 1 84569 193 6 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 165 BP 399 EP 429 DI 10.1533/9781845695484.2.399 PG 31 WC Food Science & Technology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Food Science & Technology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA BOK41 UT WOS:000276891200021 ER PT J AU Mohamed, A Biresaw, G Xu, JY Hojilla-Evangelista, MP Rayas-Duarte, P AF Mohamed, Abdellatif Biresaw, Girma Xu, Jingyuan Hojilla-Evangelista, Mila P. Rayas-Duarte, Patricia TI Oats protein isolate: Thermal, rheological, surface and functional properties SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Oats; Proteins; Crosslinking; DSC; Class transition; Surface tension acetylation; Rheology; Extraction; Foaming ID WHEAT GLUTEN; CULTIVARS; FRACTIONS AB Oat protein isolate (OPI) was extracted in 0.015 N NaOH and acetylated or succinylated. The thermal analysis of the isolate showed a glass transition (T-g) at 43.4 degrees C and Delta C-p of 0.102 J/g/degrees C. The positive net charge of OPI and the positive or neutral charge of the modified OPI were apparent from the free capillary zone electrophoresis (FZCE) profiles. Acetylation significantly lowered foaming and emulsifying properties of OPI, while succinylation showed the highest foaming capacity, foam stability, and emulsion stability. Acetylated OPI showed the highest surface hydrophobicity compared to the other samples, while OPI was the most soluble of all. The water holding capacity of all samples analyzed was the same except for acetylated-crosslinked (ACXL). The surface tension test confirmed that unmodified and modified OPI possessed surface activity and the equilibrium surface tensions decreased sharply with increasing protein concentration and leveled off to a constant value. The elastic modulus, G', for the acetylated OPI suspension exhibited the highest value, while the G' of the crosslinked (XLOPI) had the lowest. The plateau of G', was 2961 Pa, 920 Pa, 223 Pa. 41 Pa, and 1.8 Pa for the ACOPI, ACXL, SON, and XL, respectively. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mohamed, Abdellatif; Biresaw, Girma; Xu, Jingyuan; Hojilla-Evangelista, Mila P.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Rayas-Duarte, Patricia] Oklahoma State Univ, Food & Agr Prod Res Ctr, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Mohamed, A (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM mohameda@ncaur.usda.gov FU Xiaozhou Cao FX The authors would like to thank Jason Adkins for his technical support and Xiaozhou Cao for conducting the surface tension measurements. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9969 EI 1873-7145 J9 FOOD RES INT JI Food Res. Int. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 42 IS 1 BP 107 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.foodres.2008.10.011 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 405IA UT WOS:000263215300014 ER PT J AU Faith, N Kathariou, S Cheng, Y Promadej, N Neudeck, BL Zhang, QY Luchansky, J Czuprynski, C AF Faith, Nancy Kathariou, Sophia Cheng, Ying Promadej, Nattawan Neudeck, Brien L. Zhang, Qiuye Luchansky, John Czuprynski, Charles TI The Role of L-monocytogenes Serotype 4b gtcA in Gastrointestinal Listeriosis in A/J Mice SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID INTRAGASTRICALLY INOCULATED MICE; TEICHOIC-ACID GLYCOSYLATION; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; SURFACE-ANTIGENS; EUKARYOTIC CELLS; VIRULENCE; INFECTION; GENE; IDENTIFICATION AB Serotype 4b strains of Listeria monocytogenes have been responsible for most large Outbreaks of listeriosis. In L. monocytogenes serotype 4b, gtcA and gltA have been implicated in serotype-specific glycosylation of the teichoic acid of the cell wall with galactose and glucose. In this study, we investigated the impact of mutations hi gltA (resulting in absence Of glucose on teichoic acid) and gtcA (resulting in absence of galactose, and markedly reduced glucose on teichoic acid) on virulence following intragastric infection of anesthetized A/J mice. The gltA mutant was not impaired in virulence in this model. In contrast, testing of gtcA Mutants constructed in two different strains showed that the mutants were recovered in lower numbers than their respective parent strains from the spleen, liver, ceca, and gill bladders of intragastrically, inoculated mice. Genetic complementation of the gtcA mutation partially restored gastrointestinal virulence. When mice were inoculated intravenously, the gtcA mutants were also recovered in lower numbers from the liver (for both mutant strains) and the spleen (for one Mutant strain) than their respective parental strains. The mutants were also evaluated for invasion and intracellular multiplication in the Caco-2 human intestinal epithelial cell line. Inactivation of gltA did not affect invasion or intracellular growth of the bacteria. In contrast, gtcA mutants showed decreased invasion, but normal multiplication in Caco-2 cells. Overall, these data demonstrate a role for gtcA in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal listeriosis in mice, and suggest that diminished ability of gtcA mutants to invade intestinal epithelial cells may be partly responsible for decreased gastrointestinal virulence. C1 [Czuprynski, Charles] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Faith, Nancy; Czuprynski, Charles] Univ Wisconsin, Food Res Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kathariou, Sophia; Cheng, Ying] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Promadej, Nattawan] Univ Hawaii, Dept Microbiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Neudeck, Brien L.] Univ Tennessee, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Memphis, TN USA. [Zhang, Qiuye] Univ Tennessee, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Memphis, TN USA. [Zhang, Qiuye] Univ Tennessee, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Memphis, TN USA. [Luchansky, John] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Lab, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Czuprynski, C (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, 2015 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM czuprync@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Alliance for Food Safety and Security [59-1935-3-371]; National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2005-35201-15313, 2006-35201-17377]; Walter and Martha Renk Endowed Laboratory for Food Safety; University of Wisconsin-Madison Food Research Institute FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Alliance for Food Safety and Security cooperative agreement number 59-1935-3-371, the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (grants 2005-35201-15313 to C.J.C. and 2006-35201-17377 to S.K.), the Walter and Martha Renk Endowed Laboratory for Food Safety (C.J.C.), and the University of Wisconsin-Madison Food Research Institute. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this presentation is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 6 IS 1 BP 39 EP 48 DI 10.1089/fpd.2008.0154 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 405WC UT WOS:000263253900006 PM 18991548 ER PT J AU Kawasaki, S Fratamico, PM Horikoshi, N Okada, Y Takeshita, K Sameshima, T Kawamoto, S AF Kawasaki, Susumu Fratamico, Pina M. Horikoshi, Naoko Okada, Yukio Takeshita, Kazuko Sameshima, Takashi Kawamoto, Shinichi TI Evaluation of a Multiplex PCR System for Simultaneous Detection of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Foods and in Food Subjected to Freezing SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; GROUND-BEEF; SAMPLES; TAQMAN; MEAT; QUANTIFICATION; ENRICHMENT; ASSAYS AB Conventional Culture methods were compared to a Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 from enrichment cultures of various types of artificially inoculated and naturally contaminated foods. The multiplex PCR assay was evaluated in 44 types of spiked food samples, including meat, produce, fish, and dairy products targeting genes specific for each pathogen for Simultaneous detection. The sensitivity of the assay was <= 5CFU/25 g of inoculated sample after 20 hours of enrichment. The PCR assay was also evaluated in inoculated food samples stored at -20 degrees C for 2 weeks or 2 Months. Out of 28 food samples tested, 27, 27, and 26 samples were positive for Salmonella Enteritidis, L. monocytogenes, and E. coli O157:H7, respectively, using the multiplex PCR assay, whereas only 13, 26, and 20 samples were positive, respectively, using the Culture method after 2 weeks of storage at -20 degrees C. Similar results were obtained for samples stored at -20 degrees C for 2 months. The Multiplex PCR assay method was capable of detecting 5 colony-forming units of each of the three pathogens per 25g of more wharf 40 types of food, and the detection rate of the PCR assay was higher than that of conventional Culture methods. As a result, the multiplex PCR assay is a valuable method for simultaneous rapid screening for the three pathogens in food, even after frozen storage. C1 [Kawasaki, Susumu; Kawamoto, Shinichi] Natl Food Res Inst, Food Hyg Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. [Fratamico, Pina M.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Horikoshi, Naoko; Okada, Yukio; Takeshita, Kazuko; Sameshima, Takashi] PRIMA Meat Packers Ltd, Basic Res Dept, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Kawamoto, S (reprint author), Natl Food Res Inst, Food Hyg Lab, Kannondai 2-1-12, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. EM taishi@affrc.go.jp FU Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan [D1-7107] FX This work was supported in part by a grant (Research project for ensuring food safety from farm to table, D1-7107) from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan. NR 16 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 18 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 6 IS 1 BP 81 EP 89 DI 10.1089/fpd.2008.0153 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 405WC UT WOS:000263253900010 PM 18991547 ER PT J AU Ladely, SR Meinersmann, RJ Englen, ME Fedorka-Cray, PJ Harrison, MA AF Ladely, Scott R. Meinersmann, Richard J. Englen, Mark E. Fedorka-Cray, Paula J. Harrison, Mark A. TI 23S rRNA Gene Mutations Contributing to Macrolide Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID LEVEL ERYTHROMYCIN RESISTANCE; CMEABC EFFLUX PUMP; THERMOPHILIC CAMPYLOBACTER; UNITED-STATES; MECHANISMS; STRAINS; TARGET; PCR; ANTIBIOTICS; INFECTIONS AB The genetic basis of macrolide resistance in Campylobacter coli (n = 17)and C. jejuni (n = 35) isolates previously Subjected to in vivo selective pressure was investigated to determine if the number of copies of 23S rRNA genes with macrolide-associated mutations affects the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of macrolides. Sequence data for domain V of the 23S rRNA gene revealed that two macrolide-resistant C. coli isolates I-lad adenine -> guanine transitions at position 2059 (A2059G, Escherichia coli numbering). One of the two isolates had the A2059G transition in only two of the three gene copies. Among the macrolide-resistant C. jejuni isolates (n = 9), two different point mutations within domain V were observed. Three macrolide-resistant C. jejuni isolates had A2059G transitions. One of these three C. jejuni isolates had the A2059G transition in only two of the three gene copies. Six macrotide-resistant C. jejuni isolates had an adenine-cytosine transversion at position 2058 (A2058C, E. coli numbering) in all three copies of the 23S rRNA gene. Campylobacter jejuni isolates with the A2058C transversion had higher erythromycin MICs (>256 mu g/mL) compared to C. jejuni isolates with A2059G transitions (64-128 mu g/mL). In addition, the C. jejuni and C. coli isolates with only two copies of the 23S rRNA gene having A2059G substitutions had lower macrolide MICs compared to isolates with all three copies of the gene mutated. No isolates were observed having only one copy of the 23S rRNA gene with a mutation. Sequence analysis of ribosomal proteins L4 (rpID) and L22 (rp/V) indicated that ribosomal protein modifications did not contribute to macrolide resistance among the collection of Campylobacter examined. C1 [Ladely, Scott R.; Meinersmann, Richard J.; Englen, Mark E.; Fedorka-Cray, Paula J.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Harrison, Mark A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Meinersmann, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Rick.Meinersmann@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 6 IS 1 BP 91 EP 98 DI 10.1089/fpd.2008.0098 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 405WC UT WOS:000263253900011 PM 19014274 ER PT B AU Ainsworth, A Kauffman, JB AF Ainsworth, Alison Kauffman, J. Boone BE VanderValk, AG TI Response of native Hawaiian woody species to lava-ignited wildfires in tropical forests and shrublands SO FOREST ECOLOGY: RECENT ADVANCES IN PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Disturbance; Dodonaea viscosa; Fire adaptations; Hawaii; Metrosideros polymorpha; Sprouting ID SEASONAL SUBMONTANE ZONE; EXOTIC GRASSES; C-4 GRASSES; RAIN-FOREST; FIRE; DYNAMICS; WOODLANDS; ECOSYSTEM; INVASION; FLOWS AB Wildfires are rare in the disturbance history of Hawaiian forests but may increase in prevalence due to invasive species and global climate change. We documented survival rates and adaptations facilitating persistence of native woody species following, 2002-2003 wildfires in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii. Fires occurred during an El Nino drought and were ignited by lava flows. They burned across an environmental gradient occupied by two drier shrub-dominated communities and three mesic/wet Metrosideros forest communities. All the 19 native tree, shrub, and tree fern species demonstrated some capacity of postfire persistence. While greater than 95% of the dominant Metrosideros trees were top-killed, more than half survived fires via basal sprouting. Metrosideros trees with diameters >20 cm sprouted in lower percentages than smaller trees. At least 17 of 29 native woody species colonized the postfire environment via seedling establishment. Although the native biota possess adaptations facilitating persistence following wildfire, the presence of highly competitive invasive plants and ungulates will likely alter postfire succession. establishment. Although the native biota possess adaptations facilitating persistence following wildfire, the presence of highly competitive invasive plants and ungulates will likely alter postfire succession. C1 [Ainsworth, Alison] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kauffman, J. Boone] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Ainsworth, A (reprint author), Div Forestry & Wildlife, 19 E Kawili St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM aliainsworth@hotmail.com NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-90-481-2794-8 PY 2009 BP 197 EP 209 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2795-5_15 PG 13 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BLU19 UT WOS:000271018900015 ER PT J AU Nicholls, DL Funck, JW Brunner, CC Reeb, JE AF Nicholls, David L. Funck, J. W. Brunner, C. C. Reeb, J. E. TI Influence of edging practices on cutting yields of Alaska birch lumber SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DIMENSION STOCK YIELDS; HARDWOOD LUMBER; SAWMILL AB Birch lumber is often characterized by a high degree of knots, bark pockets, heartwood, and other features which force sawmill owners to decide whether to edge and trim boards to produce standard grade lumber vs. proprietary grade character-marked lumber. In addition, the edging strategies used with irregularly shaped flitches can greatly influence cut-stock recovery. To investigate this recovery, 143 kiln-dried 4/4 birch flitches were obtained from a sawmill-in south-central Alaska and evaluated by a National Hardwood Lumber Association (NHLA) grader for board grade and lumber tally. Each flitch was marked by the lumber grader, indicating where the board would be edged to produce NHLA grade lumber in a production setting. The flitches were transported from Alaska to Oregon State University where they were scanned to produce digital board data. These data were then processed with the computer simulation program CORY (Computerized Optimization of Recoverable Yield) to estimate the cut-stock yield for various levels of edging severity and sound feature (character mark) inclusion. Four edging strategies were evaluated, ranging from unedged (least severe) to wane-free (most severe). As expected, cutting area recoveries and cutting yields were reduced as edging severity was increased. In many cases, however, these differences were minimal. Cutting yields for clear parts were 21.1, 23.7, 26.2, and 27.1 percent for wane-free, actual, light, and unedged strategies, respectively. Cutting yields for parts that included sound character features increased by more than double to 44.0, 49.0, 52.7, and 54.0 percent for wane-free, actual, light, and unedged strategies, respectively. These results indicate that finding value-added alternatives for this character-marked birch might prove profitable for some Alaskan sawmills that also produce secondary products such as cabinets and furniture or supply cuttings to these manufacturers. C1 [Nicholls, David L.] Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Sta, Sitka, AK USA. [Funck, J. W.] Weyerhaeuser Co, Lumber & Wood Sci, Federal Way, WA USA. [Funck, J. W.; Brunner, C. C.; Reeb, J. E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Nicholls, DL (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Sta, Sitka, AK USA. EM dlnicholls@fs.fed.us; jim.funck@weyerhaeuser.com; charles.brunner@oregonstate.edu; jim.reeb@oregonstate.edu FU USDA [PNW 04-JV-11261975-175] FX The authors would like to express their appreciation to Poppert Milling, Inc., Wasilla, Alaska, for its valuable assistance. This project was partially funded by USDA Grant Award Number: PNW 04-JV-11261975-175. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 59 IS 1-2 BP 29 EP 34 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 436MN UT WOS:000265418300004 ER PT J AU Zelinka, SL Ortiz-Candelaria, L Stone, DS Rammer, DR AF Zelinka, Samuel L. Ortiz-Candelaria, Lorraine Stone, Donald S. Rammer, Douglas R. TI Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as a tool for measuring corrosion of polymer-coated fasteners used in treated wood SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC COATINGS; METALS; RATES AB Currently, many of the polymer-coated fasteners on the market are designed for improved corrosion performance in treated wood; yet, there is no way to evaluate their corrosion performance. In this study, a common technique for measuring the corrosion performance of polymer-coated metals, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), was used to evaluate commercial fasteners in a water extract of treated wood. Fasteners were tested in an "out of the box" condition as well as after being driven into the wood to simulate service conditions. The EIS spectra were fit to the traditional model for polymer-coated metals where the capacitors were replaced with constant-phase elements. A low frequency corrosion-time constant was measured for all of the fasteners in the out of the box condition, which implies that the barrier properties of the coating had failed before they were used. C1 [Zelinka, Samuel L.; Rammer, Douglas R.] Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Ortiz-Candelaria, Lorraine] OrthoMcNeil Pharmaceut Inc, Manti, PR USA. [Stone, Donald S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Coll Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Zelinka, SL (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. EM szelinka@fs.fed.us; lorraine_oc@yahoo.com; stone@engr.wisc.edu; drammer@fs.fed.us RI Zelinka, Samuel/A-9198-2009; Vershok, Dmitry/B-5258-2012; Stone, Donald/A-7496-2016 NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 59 IS 1-2 BP 77 EP 82 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 436MN UT WOS:000265418300011 ER PT J AU Long, EK Rosenberger, T Picklo, M AF Long, Eric Keith Rosenberger, Thad Picklo, Matthew TI n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids are Selective Targets of Ethanol Withdrawal-Induced Lipid Peroxidation SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 16th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-and-Medicine CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Free Rad Biol & Med C1 [Long, Eric Keith; Rosenberger, Thad; Picklo, Matthew] Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Picklo, Matthew] USDA Nutr Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 2009 VL 47 BP S112 EP S112 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 522HM UT WOS:000271988500314 ER PT J AU Wu, MX Bian, QN Liu, YZ Fernandes, AF Taylor, A Pereira, P Shang, F AF Wu, Mingxing Bian, Qingning Liu, Yizhi Fernandes, Alexandre F. Taylor, Allen Pereira, Paulo Shang, Fu TI Sustained oxidative stress inhibits NF-kappa B activation partially via inactivating the proteasome SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE NF-kappa B; Oxidative stress; Lens; Proteasome; Signal transduction; Free radicals ID UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ENZYMES; SITE-SPECIFIC PHOSPHORYLATION; LENS EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; DAMAGED PROTEINS; NUCLEAR CATARACT; ALPHA PHOSPHORYLATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; PROTEOLYTIC PATHWAY; REDOX REGULATION AB NF-kappa B is a family of important transcription factors involved in many cellular functions, such as cell survival, proliferation, and stress responses. Many studies indicate that NF-kappa B is a stress-sensitive transcription factor and its activation is regulated by reactive oxygen species. In previous studies, we and others demonstrated that this transcription factor can be activated by transient oxidative stress. However, the effects of sustained oxidative stress on NF-kappa B activation are not clear. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Sustained oxidative stress on NF-kappa B activation and to elucidate the signaling events affected by sustained oxidative stress. Human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) that were subjected to 4 h of continuous influx of hydrogen peroxide were used to investigate the effects of sustained oxidative stress on NF-kappa B activation. The data showed that, unlike transient oxidative stress, sustained exposure of HLEC to physiologically relevant levels of H(2)O(2) (50-100 mu M for 4 h) did not induce the degradation of I-kappa B and activation of NF-kappa B, but attenuated TNF alpha-induced degradation Of I-kappa B and activation of NF-kappa B. Sustained exposure of HLEC to these levels of H(2)O(2) also inactivated proteasome activity by 50-80%. Consistent with the role of the proteasome in degradation Of I-kappa B and activation of NF-kappa B, treatment of HLEC with proteasome inhibitors also attenuated TNFa-induced I-kappa B degradation and NF-kappa B activation. The data also indicate that activation of NF-kappa B is essential for the cells to recover from oxidative stress. Inhibiting NF-kappa B activation during recovery from transient oxidative stress significantly reduced the cell viability. Together, these data indicate that sustained oxidative stress may inactivate the proteasome and subsequently inhibit NF-kappa B activation by impeding the degradation Of I-kappa B. The oxidative inactivation of the proteasome and subsequent impairment of NF-kappa B activation may contribute to the death of lens epithelial cells, a common feature associated with cataract. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Mingxing; Bian, Qingning; Fernandes, Alexandre F.; Taylor, Allen; Shang, Fu] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wu, Mingxing; Bian, Qingning; Liu, Yizhi] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Zhongshan Ophthalm Ctr, State Key Lab Ophthalmol, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Fernandes, Alexandre F.; Pereira, Paulo] Univ Coimbra, IBILI Fac Med, Ctr Ophthalmol, P-3000345 Coimbra, Portugal. RP Shang, F (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM fu.shang@tufts.edu OI Fernandes, Alexandre/0000-0001-9489-6167; Pereira, Paulo/0000-0002-9908-2290 FU NEI NIH HHS [R29 EY011717, R01 EY011717-09, EY 11717, R01 EY011717-10, R01 EY011717] NR 88 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 46 IS 1 BP 62 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.09.021 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 393DF UT WOS:000262350400009 PM 18948189 ER PT J AU Azzi, A AF Azzi, Angelo TI Vitamin E is activated to alpha-tocopheryl phosphate by phosphorylation SO FREE RADICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Europe Meeting 2009 of the Society-for-Free-Radicals-Research CY AUG 26-29, 2009 CL Rome, ITALY SP Soc Free Rad Res C1 [Azzi, Angelo] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Vasc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1071-5762 J9 FREE RADICAL RES JI Free Radic. Res. PY 2009 VL 43 BP 32 EP 32 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 470KO UT WOS:000267973800021 ER PT J AU Zingg, JM Meydani, M Azzi, A AF Zingg, J. M. Meydani, M. Azzi, A. TI Antagonistic effects of alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocopheryl phosphate on the PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway SO FREE RADICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Europe Meeting 2009 of the Society-for-Free-Radicals-Research CY AUG 26-29, 2009 CL Rome, ITALY SP Soc Free Rad Res C1 [Zingg, J. M.; Meydani, M.; Azzi, A.] Tufts Univ, Vasc Biol Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1071-5762 J9 FREE RADICAL RES JI Free Radic. Res. PY 2009 VL 43 BP 57 EP 58 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 470KO UT WOS:000267973800115 ER PT J AU Rosario-Cruz, R Almazan, C Miller, RJ Dominguez-Garcia, DI Hernandez-Ortiz, R de la Fuente, J AF Rosario-Cruz, Rodrigo Almazan, Consuelo Miller, Robert J. Ines Dominguez-Garcia, Delia Hernandez-Ortiz, Ruben de la Fuente, Jose TI Genetic basis and impact of tick acaricide resistance SO FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Acaricide resistrance; Ripicephalus; Boophilus; microplus; RNAi; Functional Genomics; Review ID BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS ACARI; SOUTHERN CATTLE TICK; SODIUM-CHANNEL GENE; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; RNA INTERFERENCE; ESTERASE GENE; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE CDNA; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; KNOCKDOWN RESISTANCE; PROTECTIVE ANTIGENS AB Acaricide resistance in Boophilus microplus has been studied for the last 20 years from the toxicology, metabolic and genomic points of view, however, only few methods for molecular detection of resistance have been developed. Despite the relatively poor sensitivity for resistance detection, bioassays remain the method of choice for susceptibility evaluation of tick populations, based on their toxicological response after exposure to acaricides. Metabolic detoxification of acaricides is known to be mediated by multigene- families of enzymes such as GST, Esterases and Mixed Function Oxidases (cytochrome P450). In addition, target site insensitivity has been studied on the sodium channel and acetylcholinesterase genes. The use of genomics to understand acaricide resistance in B. microplus will play a major role in unraveling the molecular mechanisms of resistance. Advances in genomics, will accelerate the development of new diagnostic and immunoprophylactic tools based on new vaccine candidates, and new molecular targets for acaricide resistance detection and improvement of strategies for the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases in tropical and subtropical areas of Mexico. C1 [Rosario-Cruz, Rodrigo; Hernandez-Ortiz, Ruben] Ctr Nacl Invest Disciplinaria Parasitol Vet, Morelia 62550, Michoacan, Mexico. [Almazan, Consuelo] Univ Autonoma Tamaulipas, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Cd Victoria 87000, Tamaulipas, Mexico. [Miller, Robert J.] ARS, USDA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Ines Dominguez-Garcia, Delia] Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, DF, Mexico. [de la Fuente, Jose] Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [de la Fuente, Jose] JCCM, UCLM, CSIC, Inst Invest Recursos Cineget IREC, Ciudad Real 13005, Spain. RP Rosario-Cruz, R (reprint author), Ctr Nacl Invest Disciplinaria Parasitol Vet, Carretera Fed Cuernavaca Cuautla 8534 Col Progres, Morelia 62550, Michoacan, Mexico. EM rosario.rodrigo@inifap.gob.mx FU CONACyT-SAGARPA [12260]; National Counsil of Science in Mexico FX We thank Drs. Sergio Rodriguez Camarillo and Zeferino Garc a for critical reading of the manuscript. Part of this work was supported by the CONACyT-SAGARPA project No. 12260 to Consuelo Almazan. We also thanks the National Counsil of Science in Mexico for the financial support of Delia Ines Dominguez Garcia. NR 60 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 13 PU FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC PI MANHASSET PA C/O NORTH SHORE UNIV HOSPITAL, BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER, 350 COMMUNITY DR, MANHASSET, NY 11030 USA SN 1093-9946 J9 FRONT BIOSCI JI Front. Biosci. PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 14 BP 2657 EP 2665 DI 10.2741/4003 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 393DZ UT WOS:000262352400176 PM 19273225 ER PT J AU Christman, MA James, JJ Drenovsky, RE Richards, JH AF Christman, Mairgareth A. James, Jeremy J. Drenovsky, Rebecca E. Richards, James H. TI Environmental stress and genetics influence night-time leaf conductance in the C-4 grass Distichlis spicata SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genetic variation; nocturnal; salinity; saltgrass; stomatal conductance; transpiration ID SOIL-WATER POTENTIALS; NOCTURNAL TRANSPIRATION; PLANTS; DISEQUILIBRIUM; CALIFORNIA; SHRUBS; TREES AB Growing awareness of night-time leaf conductance (g(night)) in many species, as well as genetic variation in gnight within several species, has raised questions about how genetic variation and environmental stress interact to influence the magnitude of gnight. The objective of this study was to investigate how genotype salt tolerance and salinity stress affect gnight for saltgrass [Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene]. Across genotypes and treatments, night-time water loss rates were 5-20% of daytime rates. Despite growth declining 37-87% in the high salinity treatments (300 mM and 600 mM NaCl), neither treatment had any effect on gnight in four of the six genotypes compared with the control treatment (7 mM NaCl). Daytime leaf conductance (g(day)) also was not affected by salinity treatment in three of the six genotypes. There was no evidence that more salt tolerant genotypes (assessed as ability to maintain growth with increasing salinity) had a greater capacity to maintain gnight or gday at high salinity. In addition, gnight as a percentage of gday was unaffected by treatment in the three most salt tolerant genotypes. Although gnight in the 7 mM treatment was always highest or not different compared with the 300 mM and 600 mM treatments, gday was generally highest in the 300 mM treatment, indicating separate regulation of gnight and gday in response to an environmental stress. Thus, it is clear that genetics and environment both influence the magnitude of gnight for this species. Combined effects of genetic and environmental factors are likely to impact our interpretation of variation of gnight in natural populations. C1 [Christman, Mairgareth A.; Richards, James H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [James, Jeremy J.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Drenovsky, Rebecca E.] John Carroll Univ, Dept Biol, University Hts, OH 44118 USA. RP Christman, MA (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM m.christman@utah.edu FU NSF [IBN-0416581]; California Agricultural Experiment Station FX This research was supported by an NSF graduate research fellowship ( MAC), NSF grant IBN-0416581 (JHR), and the California Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2009 VL 36 IS 1 BP 50 EP 55 DI 10.1071/FP08103 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 391NB UT WOS:000262238900005 ER PT J AU Bukovnik, U Fu, JM Bennett, M Prasad, PVV Ristic, Z AF Bukovnik, Urska Fu, Jianming Bennett, Miranda Prasad, P. V. Vara Ristic, Zoran TI Heat tolerance and expression of protein synthesis elongation factors, EF-Tu and EF-1 alpha, in spring wheat SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHOCK PROTEINS; CHAPERONE PROPERTIES; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; FACTOR 1A; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; THERMAL AGGREGATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; WINTER-WHEAT; STRESS; MAIZE AB Protein elongation factors, EF-Tu and EF-1 alpha, have been implicated in cell response to heat stress. We investigated the expression (accumulation) of EF-Tu and EF-1 alpha in mature plants of spring wheat cultivars Kukri and Excalibur, and tested the hypothesis that cultivars with contrasting tolerance to heat stress differ in the accumulation of these elongation factors under prolonged exposure to high temperature (16 days at 36/30 degrees C). In addition, we investigated the expression of EF-Tu and EF-1 alpha in young plants experiencing a 24-h heat shock (43 degrees C). Excalibur showed better tolerance to heat stress than Kukri. Heat stress induced accumulation of EF-Tu and EF-1 alpha in mature plants of both cultivars, but to a greater extent in Excalibur. Young plants did not show appreciable accumulation of EF-Tu in response to heat shock. However, these plants showed increased accumulation of EF-1 alpha and the accumulation appeared greater in Excalibur than in Kukri. The results support the hypothesis that EF-Tu plays a role in heat tolerance in spring wheat. The results also suggest that EF-1 alpha may be of importance to wheat response to heat stress. C1 [Ristic, Zoran] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bukovnik, Urska; Fu, Jianming; Bennett, Miranda; Prasad, P. V. Vara] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Ristic, Z (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM zoran.ristic@ars.usda.gov RI Prasad, P.V. Vara/B-3835-2012 OI Prasad, P.V. Vara/0000-0001-6632-3361 NR 52 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2009 VL 36 IS 3 BP 234 EP 241 DI 10.1071/FP08266 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 412ZR UT WOS:000263763200004 ER PT J AU Prasad, PVV Vu, JCV Boote, KJ Allen, LH AF Prasad, P. V. Vara Vu, Joseph C. V. Boote, Kenneth J. Allen, L. Hartwell, Jr. TI Enhancement in leaf photosynthesis and upregulation of Rubisco in the C-4 sorghum plant at elevated growth carbon dioxide and temperature occur at early stages of leaf ontogeny SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate change; dry matter production; heat stress; leaf development; leaf growth; Sorghum bicolor ID RISING ATMOSPHERIC CO2; USE EFFICIENCY; GAS-EXCHANGE; HEAT-STRESS; LONG-TERM; SEED-SET; ENRICHMENT; YIELD; ACCLIMATION; LEAVES AB Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and temperature will influence photosynthesis, growth and yield of agronomic crops. To investigate effects of elevated CO2 and high temperature on leaf gas exchanges, activities of Rubisco and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase ( PEPC) and growth of grain sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), plants were grown in controlled environments at day-time maximum/night-time minimum temperatures of 30/20 degrees C or 36/26 degrees C at ambient (350 mu mol mol(-1)) or elevated (700 mu mol mol(-1)) CO2. Gas-exchange rates, activities of Rubisco and PEPC and growth parameters ( leaf, stem and total dry weights) were determined at different stages of leaf development. Between 6 and 25 days after leaf tip emergence, leaf carbon exchange rate (CER) of elevated CO2 plants was greater at 30/20 degrees C and 36/26 degrees C than that of ambient CO2 plants at the same temperatures. The positive response of CER to elevated CO2 was greater in young leaves than in old leaves. In young leaves, elevated CO2 enhanced Rubisco activity at 30/20 degrees C and 36/26 degrees C, whereas PEPC activity was not affected by elevated CO2 at 30/20 degrees C but was marginally enhanced at 36/26 degrees C. At 30/20 degrees C, growth parameters were not affected by elevated CO2 until 50 days after sowing (DAS); at 36/26 degrees C, they were progressively enhanced by elevated CO2 to as high as 49 to 62% by 50 DAS. Leaf CER and Rubisco activity were enhanced by elevated CO2 at early stages of leaf ontogeny for the C-4 grain sorghum. Such enhancement should have a significant role in dry matter production under elevated CO2. C1 [Prasad, P. V. Vara] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Vu, Joseph C. V.; Allen, L. Hartwell, Jr.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Chem Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Boote, Kenneth J.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Prasad, PVV (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, 2004 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM vara@ksu.edu RI Prasad, P.V. Vara/B-3835-2012; OI Prasad, P.V. Vara/0000-0001-6632-3361; Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496 FU University of Florida; US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station FX This research was supported by the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of Florida and the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Our sincere thanks to Joan Anderson for her excellent help throughout the experiment and in conducting the enzyme assays. We thank Larry Pitts, Wayne Wynn and Maritza Romero for engineering support; Drs Prem Chourey, Mukesh Jain and Jean Thomas for their scientific support, and Dr Richard Vanderlip for supplying the sorghum seeds. This is contribution No. 09-247-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 42 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 18 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2009 VL 36 IS 9 BP 761 EP 769 DI 10.1071/FP09043 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 490NV UT WOS:000269508700001 ER PT J AU Linhart, HG Troen, A Bell, GW Cantu, E Chao, WH Moran, E Steine, E He, T Jaenisch, R AF Linhart, Heinz G. Troen, Aron Bell, George W. Cantu, Erika Chao, Wei-Hsun Moran, Eva Steine, Eveline He, Timothy Jaenisch, Rudolf TI Folate Deficiency Induces Genomic Uracil Misincorporation and Hypomethylation But Does Not Increase DNA Point Mutations SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; DIETARY-FOLATE; MTHFR POLYMORPHISMS; METHYLATION STATUS; MULTIVITAMIN USE; COLON-CANCER; FOLIC-ACID; RAT COLON; IN-VIVO; MICE AB Background and Aims: Epidemiologic studies have linked nutritional folate deficiency to an increased risk of cancer, but recent trials suggest that folate supplementation does not protect against tumor formation. Our aim was to analyze the genetic and epigenetic consequences of folate deficiency and to investigate whether impairment of the uracil base excision repair pathway can enhance its effects. Methods: Wild-type mice and those deficient in uracil DNA glycosylase (Ung(-/-)) were placed on a folate-deficient diet for 8 months. We measured tumor incidence in major organs, DNA mutation rates, DNA mutation spectra, local DNA methylation, and global DNA methylation in colon epithelial cells. Results: The experimental diet increased plasma homocysteine (60%, P < .001) and DNA uracil content (24%, P < .05) but not tumor formation. Global DNA methylation was slightly decreased in splenocytes (9.1%) and small intestinal epithelial cells (4.2%), and significantly reduced in colon epithelial cells (7.2%, P < .04). No gene-specific changes in methylation were detected at the mouse 131 element, the H19 DMR, or the Oct4 gene. By lambda CII assay and sequencing analysis of 730 mutants, we found that Ung(-/-) mice had a higher frequency of point mutations and increased C:G to T:A transitions at non-CpG sites. However, folate deficiency had no additional effect on the DNA mutation frequency or spectrum in Ung(-/-) or wildtype mice. Conclusions: Contradicting current concepts, these findings indicate that the effects of a low-folate diet on DNA methylation and point mutations are insufficient to promote tumor development, even in the presence of Ung deficiency. C1 [Linhart, Heinz G.; Bell, George W.; Cantu, Erika; Moran, Eva; Steine, Eveline; Jaenisch, Rudolf] Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Troen, Aron; Chao, Wei-Hsun] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Cantu, Erika; Jaenisch, Rudolf] MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA USA. [He, Timothy] Novartis Inst BioMed Res Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. [Linhart, Heinz G.] Univ Hosp Freiburg, Dept Gastroenterol Hepatol, Freiburg, Germany. RP Jaenisch, R (reprint author), Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, 9 Cambridge Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. EM Jaenisch@wi.mit.edu FU Fritz-Thyssen Stiftung; Philip Morris International; National Institutes of Health [R01-CA087869]; US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX The authors disclose the following: H.G.L. is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fritz-Thyssen Stiftung. This work was supported by Philip Morris International and National Institutes of Health grant NIH R01-CA087869 to R.J., and by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (agreement No. 58-1950-7-707). Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 42 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JAN PY 2009 VL 136 IS 1 BP 227 EP 235 DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.10.016 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 388OG UT WOS:000262028500031 PM 18992744 ER PT B AU Vogel, J Bragg, J AF Vogel, John Bragg, Jennifer BE Feuillet, C Muehlbauer, GJ TI Brachypodium distachyon, a New Model for the Triticeae SO GENETICS AND GENOMICS OF THE TRITICEAE SE Plant Genetics and Genomics Crops and Models LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; DNA INSERTIONAL MUTAGENESIS; TRANSGENIC RICE PLANTS; FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; GRASS GENOMES; ORYZA-SATIVA; POACEAE; SEQUENCES; NUCLEAR AB Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) is a small annual grass with biological, physical and genomic attributes (e.g. rapid cycling, small stature, inbreeding, small genome, diploid accessions) Suitable for use as a modern model system. In pursuit of this goal, researchers have made rapid progress in developing genomic resources that will transform Brachypodium into a powerful model system including: facile Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods, BAC libraries, physical maps, genetic maps, and germplasm resources. In addition, a preliminary 4x draft of the entire genome has been released, and completion of the final 8x assembly is anticipated in 2009. This chapter provides an overview of the advantages of Brachypodium Is a model system and Surveys the use and potential applications of this system to aid wheat, barley and Lolium research. C1 [Vogel, John; Bragg, Jennifer] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Genom & Gene Discovery Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Vogel, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Genom & Gene Discovery Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM john.vogel@ars.usda.gov; jbragg@pw.usda.gov NR 52 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-77488-6 J9 PLANT GENET GENOMICS JI Plant Genet. Genom. Crops. Mod. PY 2009 VL 7 BP 427 EP 449 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-77489-3_16 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-77489-3 PG 23 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BKN76 UT WOS:000268721700016 ER PT B AU Wise, RP Lauter, N Szabo, L Schweizer, P AF Wise, Roger P. Lauter, Nick Szabo, Les Schweizer, Patrick BE Feuillet, C Muehlbauer, GJ TI Genomics of Biotic Interactions in the Triticeae SO GENETICS AND GENOMICS OF THE TRITICEAE SE Plant Genetics and Genomics Crops and Models LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; YELLOW-DWARF-VIRUS; F-SP TRITICI; FLY MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; BARLEY EPIDERMAL-CELLS; LEAF RUST RESISTANCE; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; TRANSIENT EXPRESSION SYSTEM AB In the area of Triticeae-pathogen interactions, highly parallel profiling of the transcriptome and proteome has provided entry points to examine host reaction to various pathogens and pests. In particular, the molecular mechanisms underlying gene-for-gene resistance and basal defense have been explored in the contrasting contexts of host vs. nonhost resistance and bio-trophic vs. necrotrophic pathogenesis. Capitalizing on a rich history of genetics, molecular biology and plant pathology, recent Studies in the Triticeae have provided new insights and characterized previously undescribed phenomena. The unique features of various pathosystems are increasingly leveraged by breakthroughs in genomic technologies, facilitating a community-wide approach to unifying themes of molecular plant-microbe interactions In the Triticeae. C1 [Wise, Roger P.; Lauter, Nick] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wise, Roger P.; Lauter, Nick] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Plant Responses Environm Stresses, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Szabo, Les] Univ Minnesota, Cereal Dis Lab, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Schweizer, Patrick] Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. RP Wise, RP (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rpwise@iastate.edu; nickl@iastate.edu; lszabo@umn.edu; schweiz@ipk-gatersleben.de NR 174 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-77488-6 J9 PLANT GENET GENOMICS JI Plant Genet. Genom. Crops. Mod. PY 2009 VL 7 BP 559 EP 589 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-77489-3_19 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-77489-3 PG 31 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BKN76 UT WOS:000268721700019 ER PT B AU Ma, W Anderson, O Kuchel, H Bonnardeaux, Y Collins, H Morell, MK Langridge, P Appels, R AF Ma, W. Anderson, O. Kuchel, H. Bonnardeaux, Y. Collins, H. Morell, M. K. Langridge, P. Appels, R. BE Feuillet, C Muehlbauer, GJ TI Genomics of Quality Traits SO GENETICS AND GENOMICS OF THE TRITICEAE SE Plant Genetics and Genomics Crops and Models LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT GLUTENIN; WHEAT TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; POLYPHENOL OXIDASE PPO; BARLEY BETA-AMYLASE; RED SPRING WHEAT; BREAD-MAKING QUALITY; ADP-GLUCOSE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE; SUBSTRATE-BINDING AFFINITY; PUROINDOLINE SEQUENCE TYPE; GENERATED DNA MARKERS AB The quality attributes of cereal grains are Valued in the context of a complex food chain that integrates outputs achievable by breeding, production, and processing. New processing technologies, environmental change, and changes in consumer preferences demand that quality attributes of wheat and barley need to be continually modified. The advances in the genomics of quality described in this chapter provide the basis for ensuring that the genetic approaches encompassing the complexities of the gene net-works underpinning quality attributes can meet the challenges presented by the rapid changes occurring within the food chain. C1 [Ma, W.] Dept Agr & Food, Perth, WA 6151, Australia. [Anderson, O.] ARS, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Appels, R.] Murdoch Univ, Ctr Comparat Genom, Dept Agr, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Bonnardeaux, Y.] CSIRO Min & Explorat, Perth, WA 6151, Australia. [Collins, H.] Australian Ctr Plant Funct Genom, Adelaide, SA 50000, Australia. [Morell, M. K.] CSIRO Food Futures Flagship, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Kuchel, H.] Australian Grain Technol, Adelaide, SA 50000, Australia. [Langridge, P.] Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Plant Funct Genom, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RP Ma, W (reprint author), Dept Agr & Food, Perth, WA 6151, Australia. EM w.ma@murdoch.edu.au; olin.anderson@ars.usda.gov; haydn.kuchel@ausgraintech.com; yumiko@cbbc.murdoch.edu.au; helen.collins@acpfg.com.au; matthew.morell@csiro.au; peter.langridge@acpfg.com.au; rappels@ccg.murdoch.edu.au RI Ma, Wujun/F-5957-2010; Langridge, Peter/G-5864-2010 OI Langridge, Peter/0000-0001-9494-400X NR 238 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-77488-6 J9 PLANT GENET GENOMICS JI Plant Genet. Genom. Crops. Mod. PY 2009 VL 7 BP 611 EP 652 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-77489-3_21 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-77489-3 PG 42 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BKN76 UT WOS:000268721700021 ER PT J AU Lee, EA Staebler, JM Grainger, C Snook, ME AF Lee, E. A. Staebler, J. M. Grainger, C. Snook, M. E. TI Robustness of QTLs across germplasm pools using a model quantitative trait SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE Zea mays L.; maize; popcorn; C-glycosyl flavones; QTLs ID ZEA-MAYS L.; CORN-EARWORM ANTIBIOSIS; MYB-HOMOLOGOUS GENES; METABOLIC PATHWAYS; P-GENE; MAIZE; FLAVONE; SILKS; LOCI; TRANSPOSITION AB Knowledge of the inheritance of C-glycosyl flavone synthesis in maize (Zea mays L.) silk tissues has been acquired through detailed genetic studies involving primarily germplasm from the Corn Belt Dent race. To test the robustness of this genetic knowledge, we examined C-glycosyl flavone synthesis in a genetically distinct germplasm pool, popcorn. C-glycosyl flavone profiles and levels and the involvement of three specific genes/quantitative trait loci (p, pr1, and sm1) in C-glycosyl flavone synthesis were examined in popcorn germplasm representing at least two races and various diverse geographic regions. Twenty-four inbred lines and 23 hybrids involving these inbred lines and inbred line R17 were characterized for their flavone profiles and levels in silk tissues. Two F(2) mapping populations were constructed to examine the involvement of p, pr1, and sm1 on C-glycosyl flavone synthesis. C-glycosyl flavone levels threefold higher than previously reported in Corn Dent Belt materials and a novel class of compounds were discovered. The gene action of sm1 was different, the functional p allele was not always dominant, and pr1 did not affect maysin synthesis. Based on this rather simplistic "model'' quantitative trait, it appears that caution should be exercised when attempting to apply quantitative trait locus knowledge accumulated in one germplasm base to a germplasm base that is known to be distinctly unique. C1 [Lee, E. A.; Staebler, J. M.; Grainger, C.] Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Snook, M. E.] USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Lee, EA (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Crop Sci Bldg, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM lizlee@uoguelph.ca FU Ontario Ministry of Agriculture; Food and Rural Affairs; Ontario Corn Producers' Association; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Foundation for Innovation; Ontario Innovative Trust FX Technical support by B Good, M.J. Ash, and R. Chakravarty and provision of seed of all popcorn accessions by the North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station in Ames, Iowa, are gratefully acknowledged. Financial support from the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Ontario Corn Producers' Association, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canadian Foundation for Innovation, and Ontario Innovative Trust is acknowledged. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD JAN PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 39 EP 48 DI 10.1139/G08-100 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 397OX UT WOS:000262673100006 PM 19132070 ER PT J AU Coates, BS Sumerford, DV Hellmich, RL Lewis, LC AF Coates, Brad S. Sumerford, Douglas V. Hellmich, Richard L. Lewis, Leslie C. TI Repetitive genome elements in a European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, bacterial artificial chromosome library were indicated by bacterial artificial chromosome end sequencing and development of sequence tag site markers: implications for lepidopteran genomic research SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE Ostrinia nubilalis; bacterial artificial chromosome library; repetitive elements ID REPEAT TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; YELLOW-FEVER MOSQUITO; SILKWORM BOMBYX-MORI; GENE ORDER; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; AEDES-AEGYPTI; LINKAGE MAP; EVOLUTION; RESISTANCE; SYNTENY AB The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, is a serious pest of food, fiber, and biofuel crops in Europe, North America, and Asia and a model system for insect olfaction and speciation. A bacterial artificial chromosome library constructed for O. nubilalis contains 36 864 clones with an estimated average insert size of >= 120 kb and genome coverage of 8.8-fold. Screening OnB1 clones comprising approximately 2.76 genome equivalents determined the physical position of 24 sequence tag site markers, including markers linked to ecologically important and Bacillus thuringiensis toxin resistance traits. OnB1 bacterial artificial chromosome end sequence reads ( GenBank dbGSS accessions ET217010 to ET217273) showed homology to annotated genes or expressed sequence tags and identified repetitive genome elements, O. nubilalis miniature subterminal inverted repeat transposable elements ( OnMITE01 and OnMITE02), and ezi-like long interspersed nuclear elements. Mobility of OnMITE01 was demonstrated by the presence or absence in O. nubilalis of introns at two different loci. A (GTCT)(n) tetranucleotide repeat at the 5' ends of OnMITE01 and OnMITE02 are evidence for transposon-mediated movement of lepidopteran microsatellite loci. The number of repetitive elements in lepidopteran genomes will affect genome assembly and marker development. Single-locus sequence tag site markers described here have downstream application for integration within linkage maps and comparative genomic studies. C1 [Coates, Brad S.; Sumerford, Douglas V.; Hellmich, Richard L.; Lewis, Leslie C.] Iowa State Univ, Genet Lab, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Coates, BS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Genet Lab, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brad.coates@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; Agricultural Research Service; Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa [3543] FX This research was a joint contribution from the USDA, Agricultural Research Service, and the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa (project 3543). This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation by the USDA or Iowa State University for its use. NR 51 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD JAN PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 57 EP 67 DI 10.1139/G08-104 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 397OX UT WOS:000262673100008 PM 19132072 ER PT J AU Jiang, SM Yin, WB Hu, J Shi, R Zhou, RN Chen, YH Zhou, GH Wang, RRC Song, LY Hu, ZM AF Jiang, Shu-Mei Yin, Wei-Bo Hu, Jun Shi, Rui Zhou, Ruo-Nan Chen, Yu-Hong Zhou, Guang-He Wang, Richard R. -C. Song, Li-Ying Hu, Zan-Min TI Isolation of expressed sequences from a specific chromosome of Thinopyrum intermedium infected by BYDV SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE TAi-27; Thinopyrum intermedium; chromosome microdissection; hybridization-specific amplification (HSA); expressed sequences; barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) ID YELLOW-DWARF VIRUS; MOLECULAR MARKER; GENOME PROJECT; ADDITION LINE; COMMON WHEAT; RESISTANCE; GENES; MICRODISSECTION; ESTS; TAGS AB To map important ESTs to specific chromosomes and (or) chromosomal regions is difficult in hexaploid wheat because of its large genome size and serious interference of homoeologous sequences. Large-scale EST sequencing and subsequent chromosome localization are both laborious and time-consuming. The wheat alien addition line TAi-27 contains a pair of chromosomes of Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey that carry the resistance gene against barley yellow dwarf virus. In this research, we developed a modified technique based on chromosome microdissection and hybridization-specific amplification to isolate expressed sequences from the alien chromosome of TAi-27 by hybridization between the DNA of the microdissected alien chromosome and cDNA of Th. intermedium infected by barley yellow dwarf virus. Twelve clones were selected, sequenced, and analyzed. Three of them were unknown genes without any hit in the GenBank database and the other nine were highly homologous with ESTs of wheat, barley, and (or) other plants in Gramineae induced by abiotic or biotic stress. The method used in this research to isolate expressed sequences from a specific chromosome has the following advantages: (i) the obtained expressed sequences are larger in size and have 3' end information and (ii) the operation is less complicated. It would be an efficient improved method for genomics and functional genomics research of polyploid plants, especially for EST development and mapping. The obtained expressed sequence data are also informative in understanding the resistance genes on the alien chromosome of TAi-27. C1 [Jiang, Shu-Mei; Yin, Wei-Bo; Hu, Jun; Shi, Rui; Zhou, Ruo-Nan; Chen, Yu-Hong; Song, Li-Ying; Hu, Zan-Min] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Shi, Rui] N Carolina State Univ, Forest Biotechnol Grp, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Zhou, Ruo-Nan; Song, Li-Ying] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Guang-He] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100000, Peoples R China. [Wang, Richard R. -C.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, FRRL, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Hu, ZM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM zmhu@genetics.ac.cn RI Rui, Shi/B-3306-2008; Jiang, Shumei/J-8295-2014 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30270708]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX1-SW-19]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [Z2002-B-004, JY03-B-23] FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30270708), Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX1-SW-19), and Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Nos. Z2002-B-004 and JY03-B-23). We thank Prof. Menyuan He of Northeast Normal University and Prof. Xiangqi Zhang of the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, for kindly providing plant materials. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 9 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD JAN PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 68 EP 76 DI 10.1139/G08-108 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 397OX UT WOS:000262673100009 PM 19132073 ER PT J AU Bontell, IL Hall, N Ashelford, KE Dubey, JP Boyle, JP Lindh, J Smith, JE AF Bontell, Irene Lindstrom Hall, Neil Ashelford, Kevin E. Dubey, J. P. Boyle, Jon P. Lindh, Johan Smith, Judith E. TI Whole genome sequencing of a natural recombinant Toxoplasma gondii strain reveals chromosome sorting and local allelic variants SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APICOMPLEXAN PARASITES; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SEXUAL RECOMBINATION; VIRULENCE FACTORS; CLONAL EXPANSION; REINFECTION; AMERICA; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; INHERITANCE AB Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite of global importance. In common with many protozoan parasites it has the capacity for sexual recombination, but current evidence suggests this is rarely employed. The global population structure is dominated by a small number of clonal genotypes, which exhibit biallelic variation and limited intralineage divergence. Little is known of the genotypes present in Africa despite the importance of AIDS-associated toxoplasmosis. Results: We here present extensive sequence analysis of eight isolates from Uganda, including the whole genome sequencing of a type II/III recombinant isolate, TgCkUg2. 454 sequencing gave 84% coverage across the approximate 61 Mb genome and over 70,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were mapped against reference strains. TgCkUg2 was shown to contain entire chromosomes of either type II or type III origin, demonstrating chromosome sorting rather than intrachromosomal recombination. We mapped 1,252 novel polymorphisms and clusters of new SNPs within coding sequence implied selective pressure on a number of genes, including surface antigens and rhoptry proteins. Further sequencing of the remaining isolates, six type II and one type III strain, confirmed the presence of novel SNPs, suggesting these are local allelic variants within Ugandan type II strains. In mice, the type III isolate had parasite burdens at least 30-fold higher than type II isolates, while the recombinant strain had an intermediate burden. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that recombination between clonal lineages does occur in nature but there is nevertheless close homology between African and North American isolates. The quantity of high confidence SNP data generated in this study and the availability of the putative parental strains to this natural recombinant provide an excellent basis for future studies of the genetic divergence and of genotype-phenotype relationships. C1 [Bontell, Irene Lindstrom; Smith, Judith E.] Univ Leeds, Inst Integrat & Comparat Biol, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Hall, Neil; Ashelford, Kevin E.] Univ Liverpool, Sch Biol Sci, Liverpool L69 7ZB, Merseyside, England. [Dubey, J. P.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Boyle, Jon P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Lindh, Johan] Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control SMI, Dept Parasitol Mycol & Environm Microbiol, S-17182 Solna, Sweden. RP Smith, JE (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Inst Integrat & Comparat Biol, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM j.e.smith@leeds.ac.uk RI Hall, Neil/A-8717-2013; OI Hall, Neil/0000-0002-7995-3810; Hall, Neil/0000-0003-2808-0009; Smith, Judith/0000-0002-2206-3534 FU AGAPE Marie Curie EST [MEST504318]; NERC [MGF240] FX This work was funded by the AGAPE Marie Curie EST (MEST504318) and by a small grant from NERC (MGF240). The authors would like to thank Dr Natrajan Sundar at USDA for preparation of infected mouse brains, Dr Chunlei Su at the University of Tennessee for sharing unpublished information on isolate genotypes, Margaret Hughes for carrying out the genome sequencing, and the ToxoDB team for their work with incorporation of the TgCkUg2 data. NR 45 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2009 VL 10 IS 5 AR R53 DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-5-r53 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 465RJ UT WOS:000267604200012 PM 19457243 ER PT J AU Clawson, ML Keen, JE Smith, TPL Durso, LM McDaneld, TG Mandrell, RE Davis, MA Bono, JL AF Clawson, Michael L. Keen, James E. Smith, Timothy P. L. Durso, Lisa M. McDaneld, Tara G. Mandrell, Robert E. Davis, Margaret A. Bono, James L. TI Phylogenetic classification of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains of human and bovine origin using a novel set of nucleotide polymorphisms SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MULTIPLEX PCR ASSAYS; UNITED-STATES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; GENOMIC DIVERSITY; O157-H7 STRAINS; SEQUENCE; EVOLUTIONARY; PULSENET; SURVEILLANCE AB Background: Cattle are a reservoir of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 ( STEC O157), and are known to harbor subtypes not typically found in clinically ill humans. Consequently, nucleotide polymorphisms previously discovered via strains originating from human outbreaks may be restricted in their ability to distinguish STEC O157 genetic subtypes present in cattle. The objectives of this study were firstly to identify nucleotide polymorphisms in a diverse sampling of human and bovine STEC O157 strains, secondly to classify strains of either bovine or human origin by polymorphism-derived genotypes, and finally to compare the genotype diversity with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), a method currently used for assessing STEC O157 diversity. Results: High-throughput 454 sequencing of pooled STEC O157 strain DNAs from human clinical cases (n = 91) and cattle (n = 102) identified 16,218 putative polymorphisms. From those, 178 were selected primarily within genomic regions conserved across E. coli serotypes and genotyped in 261 STEC O157 strains. Forty-two unique genotypes were observed that are tagged by a minimal set of 32 polymorphisms. Phylogenetic trees of the genotypes are divided into clades that represent strains of cattle origin, or cattle and human origin. Although PFGE diversity surpassed genotype diversity overall, ten PFGE patterns each occurred with multiple strains having different genotypes. Conclusions: Deep sequencing of pooled STEC O157 DNAs proved highly effective in polymorphism discovery. A polymorphism set has been identified that characterizes genetic diversity within STEC O157 strains of bovine origin, and a subset observed in human strains. The set may complement current techniques used to classify strains implicated in disease outbreaks. C1 [Clawson, Michael L.; Keen, James E.; Smith, Timothy P. L.; Durso, Lisa M.; McDaneld, Tara G.; Bono, James L.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Mandrell, Robert E.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Davis, Margaret A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Bono, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM jim.bono@ars.usda.gov OI Clawson, Michael/0000-0002-3355-5390 FU Beef Checkoff; Agricultural Research Service FX We thank Renee Godtel, Bob Lee, Sandy Fryda-Bradley, Gennie Schuller-Chavez, Kevin Tennill, Linda Flathman, Ron Mlejnek, Scott Schroetlin, and Casey Trambly for outstanding technical support for this project; Dr Thomas E Besser for his generous donations of STEC O157 strains; Dr Michael P Heaton for helpful discussions on experimental design; Jim Wray, Phil Anderson, and Randy Bradley for computer support; Joan Rosch for secretarial support, and Drs Jeffrey Gawronski and David Benson for reviewing the manuscript. This work was supported in part by The Beef Checkoff (MLC JEK, JLB) and the Agricultural Research Service (MLC, JEK, TPLS, LMD, TGM, REM, JLB). The use of product and company names is necessary to accurately report the methods and results; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the products, and the use of names by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2009 VL 10 IS 5 AR R56 DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-5-r56 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 465RJ UT WOS:000267604200015 PM 19463166 ER PT J AU Pang, MX Woodward, AW Agarwal, V Guan, XY Ha, M Ramachandran, V Chen, XM Triplett, BA Stelly, DM Chen, ZJ AF Pang, Mingxiong Woodward, Andrew W. Agarwal, Vikram Guan, Xueying Ha, Misook Ramachandran, Vanitharani Chen, Xuemei Triplett, Barbara A. Stelly, David M. Chen, Z. Jeffrey TI Genome-wide analysis reveals rapid and dynamic changes in miRNA and siRNA sequence and expression during ovule and fiber development in allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION; SMALL RNAS; IN-VITRO; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TRICHOME DEVELOPMENT; DNA METHYLATION; CELL ELONGATION; PLANT MICRORNAS; TARGET GENES; ALLOPOLYPLOIDS AB Background: Cotton fiber development undergoes rapid and dynamic changes in a single cell type, from fiber initiation, elongation, primary and secondary wall biosynthesis, to fiber maturation. Previous studies showed that cotton genes encoding putative MYB transcription factors and phytohormone responsive factors were induced during early stages of ovule and fiber development. Many of these factors are targets of microRNAs (miRNAs) that mediate target gene regulation by mRNA degradation or translational repression. Results: Here we sequenced and analyzed over 4 million small RNAs derived from fiber and non-fiber tissues in cotton. The 24-nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were more abundant and highly enriched in ovules and fiber-bearing ovules relative to leaves. A total of 31 miRNA families, including 27 conserved, 4 novel miRNA families and a candidate-novel miRNA, were identified in at least one of the cotton tissues examined. Among 32 miRNA precursors representing 19 unique miRNA families identified, 7 were previously reported, and 25 new miRNA precursors were found in this study. Sequencing, miRNA microarray, and small RNA blot analyses showed a trend of repression of miRNAs, including novel miRNAs, during ovule and fiber development, which correlated with upregulation of several target genes tested. Moreover, 223 targets of cotton miRNAs were predicted from the expressed sequence tags derived from cotton tissues, including ovules and fibers. The cotton miRNAs examined triggered cleavage in the predicted sites of the putative cotton targets in ovules and fibers. Conclusions: Enrichment of siRNAs in ovules and fibers suggests active small RNA metabolism and chromatin modifications during fiber development, whereas general repression of miRNAs in fibers correlates with upregulation of a dozen validated miRNA targets encoding transcription and phytohormone response factors, including the genes found to be highly expressed in cotton fibers. Rapid and dynamic changes in siRNAs and miRNAs may contribute to ovule and fiber development in allotetraploid cotton. C1 [Pang, Mingxiong; Woodward, Andrew W.; Agarwal, Vikram; Guan, Xueying; Ha, Misook; Chen, Z. Jeffrey] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Mol Cell & Dev Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ha, Misook; Chen, Z. Jeffrey] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Cellular & Mol Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ha, Misook; Chen, Z. Jeffrey] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Computat Biol & Bioinformat, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ramachandran, Vanitharani; Chen, Xuemei] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Triplett, Barbara A.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Stelly, David M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Chen, Z. Jeffrey] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Chen, ZJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Sect Mol Cell & Dev Biol, 1 Univ Stn,A-4800, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM zjchen@mail.utexas.edu OI Stelly, David/0000-0002-3468-4119 FU National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research [DBI0624077]; Cotton Incorporated [07-161] FX We thank Andrew Paterson at the University of Georgia and the Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute [30] for providing WGS trace reads of G. raimondii, Jinsuk Lee and Zhiguo Han for assistance with cotton cultivation and technical advice, and Thomas Bushart and Mahek Mehta for assistance in cloning and sequencing cotton DNA. This work was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research (DBI0624077) and Cotton Incorporated (07-161) to ZJC. NR 72 TC 68 Z9 99 U1 1 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2009 VL 10 IS 11 AR R122 DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-11-r122 PG 21 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 540OT UT WOS:000273344600009 PM 19889219 ER PT J AU Zimin, AV Delcher, AL Florea, L Kelley, DR Schatz, MC Puiu, D Hanrahan, F Pertea, G Van Tassell, CP Sonstegard, TS Marcais, G Roberts, M Subramanian, P Yorke, JA Salzberg, SL AF Zimin, Aleksey V. Delcher, Arthur L. Florea, Liliana Kelley, David R. Schatz, Michael C. Puiu, Daniela Hanrahan, Finnian Pertea, Geo Van Tassell, Curtis P. Sonstegard, Tad S. Marcais, Guillaume Roberts, Michael Subramanian, Poorani Yorke, James A. Salzberg, Steven L. TI A whole-genome assembly of the domestic cow, Bos taurus SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE; ALIGNMENT; GENE AB Background: The genome of the domestic cow, Bos taurus, was sequenced using a mixture of hierarchical and whole-genome shotgun sequencing methods. Results: We have assembled the 35 million sequence reads and applied a variety of assembly improvement techniques, creating an assembly of 2.86 billion base pairs that has multiple improvements over previous assemblies: it is more complete, covering more of the genome; thousands of gaps have been closed; many erroneous inversions, deletions, and translocations have been corrected; and thousands of single-nucleotide errors have been corrected. Our evaluation using independent metrics demonstrates that the resulting assembly is substantially more accurate and complete than alternative versions. Conclusions: By using independent mapping data and conserved synteny between the cow and human genomes, we were able to construct an assembly with excellent large-scale contiguity in which a large majority (approximately 91%) of the genome has been placed onto the 30 B. taurus chromosomes. We constructed a new cow-human synteny map that expands upon previous maps. We also identified for the first time a portion of the B. taurus Y chromosome. C1 [Delcher, Arthur L.; Florea, Liliana; Kelley, David R.; Schatz, Michael C.; Puiu, Daniela; Hanrahan, Finnian; Pertea, Geo; Salzberg, Steven L.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zimin, Aleksey V.; Marcais, Guillaume; Roberts, Michael; Subramanian, Poorani; Yorke, James A.] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Van Tassell, Curtis P.; Sonstegard, Tad S.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Salzberg, SL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM salzberg@umd.edu OI Salzberg, Steven/0000-0002-8859-7432; Schatz, Michael/0000-0002-4118-4446; Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087 FU NIH [R01-LM006845, R01-GM083873, R01-HG002945]; USDA [200804049] FX This work was supported in part by NIH grants R01-LM006845 and R01-GM083873 to SLS and R01-HG002945 to JAY, and by USDA grant 200804049 to SLS and JAY. The authors wish to thank the Human Genome Sequencing Center at the Baylor College of Medicine for generating the raw sequence data and making it publicly available at the NCBI Trace Archive. NR 19 TC 388 Z9 573 U1 7 U2 43 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2009 VL 10 IS 4 AR R42 DI 10.1186/gb-2009-10-4-r42 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 452MP UT WOS:000266544600014 PM 19393038 ER PT J AU Liu, GE Jiang, L Tian, F Zhu, B Song, JZ AF Liu, George E. Jiang, Lu Tian, Fei Zhu, Bin Song, Jiuzhou TI Calibration of Mutation Rates Reveals Diverse Subfamily Structure of Galliform CR1 Repeats SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE CR1 repeats; comparative genomics; chicken genome ID CHICKEN GENOME; ELEMENTS; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; TURKEY AB Chicken Repeat 1 (CR1) repeats are the most abundant family of repeats in the chicken genome, with more than 200,000 copies accounting for; 80% of the chicken interspersed repeats. CR1 repeats are believed to have arisen from the retrotransposition of a small number of master elements, which gave rise to the 22 CR1 subfamilies as previously reported in Repbase. We performed a global assessment of the divergence distributions, phylogenies, and consensus sequences of CR1 repeats in the chicken genome. We identified and validated 57 chicken CR1 subfamilies and further analyzed the correlation between these subfamilies and their regional GC contents. We also discovered one novel lineage-specific CR1 subfamilies in turkeys when compared with chickens. We built an evolutionary tree of these subfamilies and concluded that CR1 repeats may play an important role in reshaping the structure of bird genomes. C1 [Liu, George E.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Jiang, Lu; Zhu, Bin] Univ Maryland, Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Tian, Fei; Song, Jiuzhou] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Liu, GE (reprint author), ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. EM george.liu@ars.usda.gov; songj88@umd.edu RI Zhu, Bin/E-4911-2010 FU Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, United States Department of Agriculture [2007-35205-17869]; Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture [1265-31000-099-00D] FX This work was supported in part by National Research Initiative [ grant 2007-35205-17869] from the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, United States Department of Agriculture and from the Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture [ project 1265-31000-099-00D]. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1759-6653 J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL JI Genome Biol. Evol. PY 2009 VL 1 BP 119 EP 130 DI 10.1093/gbe/evp014 PG 12 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 565DK UT WOS:000275269200013 PM 20333183 ER PT J AU Kuang, HH Padmanabhan, C Li, F Kamei, A Bhaskar, PB Shu, OY Jiang, JM Buell, CR Baker, B AF Kuang, Hanhui Padmanabhan, Chellappan Li, Feng Kamei, Ayako Bhaskar, Pudota B. Shu Ouyang Jiang, Jiming Buell, C. Robin Baker, Barbara TI Identification of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) and biogenesis of their siRNAs in the Solanaceae: New functional implications for MITEs SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOSAIC-VIRUS RESISTANCE; BROAD-SPECTRUM RESISTANCE; GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; POTATO LATE BLIGHT; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DNA METHYLATION; SMALL RNAS; DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS; GENE; RICE AB Small RNAs regulate the genome by guiding transcriptional and post-transcriptional silencing machinery to specific target sequences, including genes and transposable elements (TEs). Although miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are closely associated with euchromatic genes, the broader functional impact of these short TE insertions in genes is largely unknown. We identified 22 families of MITEs in the Solanaceae (MiS1-MiS22) and found abundant MiS insertions in Solanaceae genomic DNA and expressed sequence tags (EST). Several Solanaceae MITEs generate genome changes that potentially affect gene function and regulation, most notably, a MiS insertion that provides a functionally indispensable alternative exon in the tobacco mosaic virus N resistance gene. We show that MITEs generate small RNAs that are primarily 24 nt in length, as detected by Northern blot hybridization and by sequencing small RNAs of Solanum demissum, Nicotiana glutinosa, and Nicotiana benthamiana. Additionally, we show that stable RNAi lines silencing DICER-LIKE3 (DCL3) in tobacco and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 2 (RDR2) in potato cause a reduction in 24-nt MITE siRNAs, suggesting that, as in Arabidopsis, TE-derived siRNA biogenesis is DCL3 and RDR2 dependent. We provide evidence that DICER-LIKE4 (DCL4) may also play a role in MITE siRNA generation in the Solanaceae. C1 [Kuang, Hanhui; Padmanabhan, Chellappan; Li, Feng; Kamei, Ayako; Baker, Barbara] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kuang, Hanhui; Padmanabhan, Chellappan; Li, Feng; Kamei, Ayako; Baker, Barbara] USDA ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Bhaskar, Pudota B.; Jiang, Jiming] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Shu Ouyang] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Baker, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bbaker@berkeley.edu RI Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009; pudota, bhaskar/C-5896-2011; Baker, Barbara/L-7198-2016 OI Baker, Barbara/0000-0002-1276-971X FU National Science Foundation ( NSF) [DBI-0218166]; United States Department of Agriculture [CRIS 5335-22000-006-00D] FX We are indebted to Aaron Friedman for his many contributions to the project including in-depth critical discussions and management of project resources, and for skillful editing of this manuscript. We are grateful to David Hantz and Julie Calfas for excellent care of greenhouse plants. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation ( NSF) Plant Genome Research Program, DBI-0218166, and the United States Department of Agriculture, CRIS 5335-22000-006-00D. NR 66 TC 74 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 26 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 42 EP 56 DI 10.1101/gr.07816.108 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 390YQ UT WOS:000262200000005 PM 19037014 ER PT B AU Ordovas, JM Corella, D AF Ordovas, Jose M. Corella, Dolores BE Willard, HF Ginsburg, GS TI Nutrition and Diet in the Era of Genomics SO GENOMIC AND PERSONALIZED MEDICINE, VOL 2 LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HEPATIC LIPASE GENE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE POLYMORPHISM; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; FOOD-FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; MULTIETHNIC ASIAN POPULATION; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; RED MEAT INTAKE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; CELIAC-DISEASE C1 [Ordovas, Jose M.; Corella, Dolores] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Corella, Dolores] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Valencia, Spain. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. OI Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 NR 185 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-370889-2; 978-0-12-369420-1 PY 2009 BP 1204 EP 1220 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-369420-1.00098-6 PG 17 WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BCU33 UT WOS:000311433700047 ER PT J AU Fayer, R Santin, M Trout, JM AF Fayer, R. Santin, M. Trout, J. M. BE OrtegaPierres, G Caccio, SM Fayer, R Mank, TG Smith, HV Thompson, RCA TI Cryptosporidium in Cattle: From Observing to Understanding SO GIARDIA AND CRYPTOSPORIDIUM: FROM MOLECULES TO DISEASE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; DOUBLE-STRANDED RNAS; DAIRY-CATTLE; SUBGENOTYPE ANALYSIS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PRIMARY INFECTION; NORTHERN-IRELAND; NEONATAL CALVES; T-LYMPHOCYTES; VIRUS-LIKE AB Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic pathogen transmissible from a variety of animals to humans and is a considerable public health concern. Dairy cattle have been identified in numerous reports as a major source of environmental contamination with this pathogen. However, the vast majority of these reports have been based on microscopic examination of the organism in faeces from cattle. This chapter traces the progress of research on bovine cryptosporidiosis from the first observations of infection to the present understanding of susceptibility on the part of the bovine host and pathogenicity on the part of the parasites that constitute the taxa under the umbrella of the genus Cryptosporidium. It includes information based on molecular typing with the SSU rRNA gene and subtyping with the GP60 gene, which enables epidemiologists and others to trace the sources of Cryptosporidium-related outbreaks. C1 [Fayer, R.; Santin, M.; Trout, J. M.] ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fayer, R (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA,BARC E, Bldg 173,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rfayer@anri.barc.usda.gov; rfayer@anri.barc.usda.gov NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-391-3 PY 2009 BP 12 EP 24 DI 10.1079/9781845933913.0012 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology GA BVY66 UT WOS:000293165000002 ER PT J AU Weber, KT Seefeldt, S Moffet, C AF Weber, Keith T. Seefeldt, Steven Moffet, Corey TI Fire Severity Model Accuracy Using Short-Term, Rapid Assessment versus Long-Term, Anniversary Date Assessment SO GISCIENCE & REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; BURN SEVERITY; DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; CLASSIFICATION; VEGETATION; RANGELAND; WILDFIRE; INDEXES; IMAGERY; ETM+ AB Fires are common in rangelands, and after a century of suppression, the potential exists for fires to burn with high intensity and severity. In addition, the ability of fires to affect long-term changes in rangelands is substantial; therefore, the assessment of fire severity following a burn is critical. These assessments are typically conducted following Burned Area Emergency Response team (or similar) protocols; the resulting data can be utilized to plan future land uses and remediation efforts, For the purpose of supplementing these procedures and exploring fire severity modeling of sagebrush steppe rangelands, we compared fire severity models A developed using (1) short-term post-fire imagery (i.e., imagery collected within 30 days of the fire) with (2) long-term post-fire imagery (i.e., imagery collected on or about the one-year anniversary date of the fire). The models were developed using Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre 5 (SPOT 5) imagery as well as Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) elevation data, as well as Classification Tree Analysis (CTA). The results indicate that while anniversary date imagery can be used to assess fire severity (overall accuracy similar to 90%), it is not as accurate as short-term imagery (overall accuracy similar to 97%). Furthermore, use of short-term imagery allows remediation strategies to be crafted and implemented shortly after the fire. Therefore, we suggest that rangeland fire severity is best modeled using CTA with short-term imagery and field-based fire severity observations. C1 [Weber, Keith T.] Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Seefeldt, Steven] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA ARS, SubArctic Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Moffet, Corey] USDA ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. RP Weber, KT (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. EM webekeit@isu.edu OI Moffet, Corey/0000-0002-7071-7539 FU National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center [NNG05GB05G] FX The authors and Idaho State University would like to acknowledge the Idaho Delegation for their assistance in obtaining the grant that supported this work funded through the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (NNG05GB05G). In addition, we would like to acknowledge the assistance of Jill Norton, Jamen Underwood, and Penny Gneiting for their field data collection efforts and research in rangeland fire severity modeling, the statistical consultation of Teri Peterson, and the assistance of Sharon Paris. NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU BELLWETHER PUBL LTD PI COLUMBIA PA 8640 GUILFORD RD, STE 200, COLUMBIA, MD 21046 USA SN 1548-1603 J9 GISCI REMOTE SENS JI GISci. Remote Sens. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 46 IS 1 BP 24 EP 38 DI 10.2747/1548-1603.46.1.24 PG 15 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA 420CE UT WOS:000264265200002 ER PT J AU Giraldo, MA Madden, M Bosch, D AF Giraldo, Mario A. Madden, Marguerite Bosch, David TI Land Use/Land Cover and Soil Type Covariation in a Heterogeneous Landscape for Soil Moisture Studies Using Point Data SO GISCIENCE & REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID WATER-CONTENT; REMOTE ESTIMATION; SATELLITE; PATTERNS; GEORGIA; IMAGERY; FLUXES; INDEX; PIXEL AB This research investigates the spatial covariation of soil and land use/land cover (LULC)at the Little River watershed to assess landscape heterogeneity and the spatial extent to which point data from the USDA hydrological network near Tifton, Georgia can be used for regional representations of environmental variables and to validate remote sensing data. Analyses were performed at the landscape scale and within square areas equivalent to four pixel units of environmental satellites commonly reported in soil moisture studies. The results showed it highly heterogeneous landscape with greater landscape fragmentation caused by LULC than by soil types, and even greater fragmentation when the two variables were considered together. We found it 23:1 ratio of soil types to LULC and few combinations of soil type/LULC. dominating the landscape. We conclude that the stations are better suited for site-specific hydrologic studies and to validate high-spatial-resolution remote sensors. C1 [Giraldo, Mario A.] Kennesaw State Univ, Dept Geog & Anthropol, Atlanta, GA 30144 USA. [Madden, Marguerite] Univ Georgia, CRMS, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bosch, David] USDA ARS, SEWRL, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Giraldo, MA (reprint author), Kennesaw State Univ, Dept Geog & Anthropol, 1000 Chastain Rd, Atlanta, GA 30144 USA. EM rngirald@Kennesaw.edu FU United States Geological Survey (USGS), Rolla Missouri; United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service South East Water Research Laboratory, Tifton, Georgia (USDA ARS SEWRL); National Environmental Sounds Production Agriculture Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (NESPAL UGA) FX This research was funded by all agreement between the United States Geological Survey (USGS), Rolla Missouri; the United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service South East Water Research Laboratory, Tifton, Georgia (USDA ARS SEWRL); and the National Environmental Sounds Production Agriculture Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (NESPAL UGA). The authors express thanks to Dr. Lynn Usery and Mr. Michael Finn at USGS Rolla Missouri, and to Ms. Laura Marshal and the personnel of the USDA-ARS Tifton station who administer the Hydra-probe network. Special thanks are extended to Dr. John Dowd (Department of Geology), Dr. David Radcliffe (Department of Crop and Soil), and Dr. Craig Kvien (National Environmental Sound Production Agriculture Lab), all at the University of Georgia. Special thanks also are due to Vince Williams for his editorial comments and to anonymous reviewers for help in improving the quality of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1548-1603 J9 GISCI REMOTE SENS JI GISci. Remote Sens. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 46 IS 1 BP 77 EP 100 DI 10.2747/1548-1603.46.1.77 PG 24 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA 420CE UT WOS:000264265200005 ER PT J AU Jones, GD Greenberg, SM AF Jones, Gretchen D. Greenberg, Shoil M. TI Pollen contamination of boll weevil traps SO GRANA LA English DT Article DE Boll weevil; trap; pollen contamination ID SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; FORENSIC PALYNOLOGY; NORTHEASTERN MEXICO; HOST PLANTS; ATMOSPHERIC POLLEN; CURCULIONIDAE; COLEOPTERA; EMERGENCE; ARIZONA; COTTON AB The boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, has been the most devastating insect pest of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., in the southern United States of America (USA). Although thought to feed only on cotton, the list of non-cotton alternative food sources increases yearly. Many of these taxa are thought to be contaminates and not food sources. The purpose of this research was to examine the possibility that weevils become contaminated with pollen while sitting in the trap. Between January and April, boll weevil traps were placed near Brownsville and Weslaco (a substitute location) and in Santa Ana Wildlife Refuge, Texas. Pollen was removed from the trap's pole, skirt, mesh cone, and lid by wiping them with an individual, sterile, 100% cellulose acetate filter. The original trap was replaced with a replacement trap that was left for three days, then wiped for pollen. Little pollen was found on the trap parts regardless of the month or the site. The mesh cone was the least contaminated. From these data, it is doubtful that weevils become contaminated with pollen while sitting in the trap. Additional research is needed to examine if pollen is transferred among trapped weevils. C1 [Jones, Gretchen D.] USDA ARS, Management Res Unit Area Wide Pest, College Stn, TX 77802 USA. [Greenberg, Shoil M.] USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insect Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Jones, GD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Management Res Unit Area Wide Pest, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77802 USA. EM g-jones@tamu.edu NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS PI OSLO PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0017-3134 J9 GRANA JI Grana PY 2009 VL 48 IS 4 BP 297 EP 309 DI 10.1080/00173130903157424 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 539ZJ UT WOS:000273298800006 ER PT J AU Liu, ZS Doll, KM Holser, RA AF Liu, Zengshe Doll, Kenneth M. Holser, Ronald A. TI Boron trifluoride catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil in liquid carbon dioxide SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOLID FREEFORM FABRICATION; POLYALKYLENEAMINE CURING AGENTS; DISPERSION POLYMERIZATION; SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS; METHACRYLATE; CO2; COMPOSITES; POLYMERS; SOLVENTS; BIS AB Ring-opening polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) catalyzed by boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BF(3)center dot OEt(2)), in liquid carbon dioxide, was conducted in an effort to develop useful biobased biodegradable polymers. The resulting polymers (RPESO) were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, solid state (13)C NMR spectroscopies and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results indicated that ring-opening polymerization of ESO occurred at mild conditions, such as at room temperature, and a subcritical CO(2) pressure of 65.5 bar. The formed RPESO materials were highly crosslinked polymers. The glass transition temperatures of these polymers ranged from -11.9 degrees C to -24.1 degrees C. TGA results showed that the RPESO polymers were thermally stable at temperatures lower than 200 degrees C and significant decomposition mainly occurred above 340 degrees C. C1 [Liu, Zengshe; Doll, Kenneth M.; Holser, Ronald A.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Liu, ZS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NCAUR, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kevin.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 16 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2009 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1774 EP 1780 DI 10.1039/b915742p PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 515MS UT WOS:000271476500012 ER PT B AU Doolittle, JA Butnor, JR AF Doolittle, James A. Butnor, John R. BE Jol, HM TI SOILS, PEATLANDS, AND BIOMONITORING SO GROUND PENETRATING RADAR THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; TREE ROOT SYSTEMS; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; SUITABILITY MAP; IMPULSE RADAR; FRACTURES; FLORIDA; DEPTH; THICKNESS C1 [Doolittle, James A.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Butnor, John R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. RP Doolittle, JA (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, 11 Campus Blvd,Suite 200, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM jim.doolittle@lin.usda.gov; jbutnor@fs.fed.us NR 101 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-095184-3; 978-0-444-53348-7 PY 2009 BP 179 EP 202 PG 24 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEB56 UT WOS:000315997800007 ER PT B AU Johnson, EJ AF Johnson, Elizabeth J. BE Bales, CW Ritchie, CS TI Nutrition and the Aging Eye SO HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NUTRITION AND AGING, SECOND EDITION SE Nutrition and Health Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Cataract; macular degeneration; eye disease; retina ID AGE-RELATED MACULOPATHY; CATARACTOUS HUMAN LENSES; FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION; OPACITIES CASE-CONTROL; MACULAR DEGENERATION; DIETARY-FAT; VITAMIN-E; ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS; BETA-CAROTENE; UNITED-STATES AB There is growing interest in the role that nutrition plays in modifying the development and/or progression of vision disorders in older persons, including age-related cataract and macular degeneration. Available evidence to date supports a possible protective role of several nutrients, including vitamins C and E and the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin. Due to inconsistencies among the findings of currently available studies regarding doses and combinations of nutrients, it may be most practical to recommend specific natural diet choices rich in vitamins C and E, lutein and zeaxanthin, omega-3 fatty acids and zinc, which would also provide potential benefits from other components of these natural food sources. C1 Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Johnson, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-60327-384-8 J9 NUTR HEALTH SER JI Nutr. Health Ser. PY 2009 BP 99 EP 120 DI 10.1007/978-1-60327-385-5_6 PG 22 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BJT85 UT WOS:000267149000006 ER PT J AU Borsuk, ME Lee, DC AF Borsuk, M. E. Lee, D. C. BE Jorgensen, SE Chon, TS Recknagel, F TI Stochastic population dynamic models as probability networks SO HANDBOOK OF ECOLOGICAL MODELLING AND INFORMATICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TROUT SALMO-TRUTTA; BELIEF NETWORKS; BROWN TROUT; GROWTH; CONSERVATION; UNCERTAINTY; MANAGEMENT C1 [Borsuk, M. E.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Lee, D. C.] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Borsuk, ME (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM mark.borsuk@dartmouth.edu NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WIT PRESS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ASHURST, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84564-207-5 PY 2009 BP 199 EP 219 PG 21 WC Ecology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BXC65 UT WOS:000295720000013 ER PT S AU Stevenson, DG Inglett, GE AF Stevenson, D. G. Inglett, G. E. BE Phillips, GO Williams, PA TI Cereal beta-glucans SO HANDBOOK OF HYDROCOLLOIDS, 2ND EDITION SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE mixed linked (1 -> 3); (1 -> 4) beta-D-glucans; cereal beta-glucan-enriched ingredients; oats; barley; beta-glucans ID HULL-LESS BARLEY; MODERATELY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MEN; ANION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION; CELL-WALL POLYSACCHARIDES; OAT BRAN PRODUCTS; DURUM-WHEAT PASTA; ORAL GLUCOSE-LOAD; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; MIXED-LINKAGE AB Mixed linked (1 -> 3), (1 -> 4) beta-D-glucans are hydrocolloid polysaccharides found in cereals, but are particularly found in higher concentrations in oats and barley. This chapter will focus on recent advances in cereal beta-glucan research. It reviews research on the important nutritional and health benefits of cereal beta-glucans together with the challenges faced by agricultural refineries and food manufacturers in producing highly concentrated beta-glucan ingredients that then need to be formulated into commonly consumed foods without altering the sensory characteristics. The chapter discusses the range of innovative developments in methods for producing beta-glucan-enriched ingredients and their potential application in many food products. C1 [Stevenson, D. G.] Natl Starch, Bridgewater, NJ 08807 USA. [Inglett, G. E.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Stevenson, DG (reprint author), Natl Starch, Bridgewater, NJ 08807 USA. EM david.stevenson@nstarch.com NR 229 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-414-2 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 173 BP 615 EP 652 DI 10.1533/9781845695873.615 D2 10.1533/9781845695873 PG 38 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BOP92 UT WOS:000277276000023 ER PT B AU Sterner, RT AF Sterner, Ray T. BE Aronoff, JB TI THE ECONOMICS OF THREATENED SPECIES CONSERVATION: A REVIEW AND ANALYSIS SO HANDBOOK OF NATURE CONSERVATION: GLOBAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC ISSUES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WILDLIFE CONSERVATION; UNITED-STATES; ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS; FISH CONSERVATION; BASICS RIGHT; GROWTH; POPULATION; VALUATION; ENDANGERMENT; MOVEMENT AB Stabilizing human population size and reducing human-caused impacts on the environment are keys to conserving threatened species (TS). Earth's human population is approximate to 7 billion and increasing by approximate to 76 million per year. This equates to a human birth-death ratio of 2.35 annually. The 2007 Red List prepared by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) categorized 16,306 species of vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, and other organisms (e.g., lichens, algae) as TS. This is approximate to 1 percent of the 1,589,161 species described by IUCN or approximate to 0.0033 percent of the believed 5,000,000 total species. Of the IUCN's described species, vertebrates comprised relatively the most TS listings within respective taxonomic categories (5,742 of 59,811), while invertebrates (2,108 of 1,203,175), plants (8,447 of 297,326), and other species (9 of 28,849) accounted for minor class percentages. Conservation economics comprises microeconomic and macroeconomic principles involving interactions among ecological, environmental, and natural resource economics. A sustainable-growth (steady-state) economy has been posited as instrumental to preserving biological diversity and slowing extinctions in the wild, but few nations endorse this approach. Expanding growth principles characterize most nations' economic policies. To date, statutory fine, captive breeding cost, contingent valuation analysis, hedonic pricing, and travel cost methods are used to value TS in economic research and models. Improved valuation methods of TS are needed for benefit-cost analysis (BCA) of conservation plans. This Chapter provides a review and analysis of. (1) the IUCN status of species, (2) economic principles inherent to sustainable versus growth economies, and (3) methodological issues which hinder effective BCAs of TS conservation. C1 Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, APHIS, WS, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Sterner, RT (reprint author), Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, APHIS, WS, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM ray.t.sterner@aphis.usda.gov NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60692-993-3 PY 2009 BP 213 EP 235 PG 23 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BKR00 UT WOS:000268981200008 ER PT B AU Sauer, TJ AF Sauer, Thomas J. BE Kellimore, LR TI THE PRAIRIE STATES FORESTRY PROJECT AS A MODEL FOR AN EFFECTIVE GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION PROJECT SO HANDBOOK ON AGROFORESTRY: MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT SE Environmental Science Engineering and Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CARBON; SHELTERBELT C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Sauer, TJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tom.sauer@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60876-359-7 J9 ENVIRON SCI ENG TECH PY 2009 BP 479 EP 482 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BPC35 UT WOS:000278503700020 ER PT B AU Schrader, KK Dayan, FE AF Schrader, Kevin K. Dayan, Franck E. BE Gault, PM Marler, HJ TI ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN THE CYANOBACTERIA PLANKTOTHRIX AGARDHII, PLANKTOTHRIX PERORNATA, RAPHIDIOPSIS BROOKII, AND THE GREEN ALGA SELENASTRUM CAPRICORNUTUM SO HANDBOOK ON CYANOBACTERIA: BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS SE Bacteriology Research Developments LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; OSCILLATORIA-PERORNATA; SELECTIVE ALGICIDES; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CATALASE; OXYGEN; 9,10-ANTHRAQUINONE; IDENTIFICATION AB Previous research has discovered that pesticides which generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the bipyridilium herbicides diquat and paraquat, and certain natural compounds (e.g., quinones) are selectively toxic towards undesirable species of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) (division Cyanophyta) compared to preferred green algae (division Chlorophyta) commonly found in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture ponds. In this study, the antioxidant enzyme activities of the green alga Selenastrum capricornutum and the cyanobacteria Planktothrix agardhii, Planktothrix perornata, and Raphidiopsis brookii, previously isolated from catfish aquaculture ponds in west Mississippi, were measured to help determine the cause for the selective toxicity of ROS-generating compounds. Enzyme assays were performed using cells from separate continuous culture systems to quantify and correlate the specific enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase relative to the protein content of the cells. The cyanobacteria used in this study have significantly lower specific activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase when compared to S. capricornutum. Glutathione peroxidase activity was not detected in these cyanobacteria or S. capricornutum. The deficiency of measured antioxidant enzyme activities in the test cyanobacteria is at least one reason for the selective toxicity of ROS-generating compounds towards these cyanobacteria compared to S. capricornutum. C1 [Schrader, Kevin K.; Dayan, Franck E.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Schrader, KK (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM kevin.schrader@ars.usda.gov RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60741-092-8 J9 BACTERIOL RES DEV PY 2009 BP 473 EP 483 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BLV16 UT WOS:000271127500017 ER PT B AU Asztalos, BF Horvath, KV AF Asztalos, Bela F. Horvath, Katalin V. BE Pagano, IS Strait, NB TI High-Density Lipoproteins and Coronary Heart Disease HDLs: A Heterogeneous and Multi-Functional Lipoprotein Class SO HDL AND LDL CHOLESTEROL: PHYSIOLOGY AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE SE Biochemistry Research Trends LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE HDL-C; apolipoprotein; CHD-risk ID CHOLESTERYL ESTER TRANSFER; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; FACTOR PATHWAY INHIBITOR; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TRANSFER PROTEIN INHIBITOR; CELL-DERIVED CHOLESTEROL; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; E-DEFICIENT MICE; ARTERY-DISEASE AB In this chapter, we summerize the Current understanding of the potentially antiatherogenic properties of high density lipoproteins (HDL). Recent findings oil the role of the different HDL subspecies in reverse cholesterol transport, inflammation, endothelial function, and low density lipoprotein oxidation are covered. Special emphasis IS Put Oil the heterogeneity of HDLs and functional changes related to specific HDL particles with the potential therapeutic alterations of HDLs. Recent findings from the Framingham Offspring Study, the Veterans Affairs HDL Intervention Trial, the HDL Atherosclerosis Treatment Study, and the Comparative HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Study are presented. C1 [Asztalos, Bela F.] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, JM USDA, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Asztalos, BF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, JM USDA, HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM bela.asztalos@tufts.edu NR 176 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60741-767-5 J9 BIOCHEM RES TRENDS PY 2009 BP 171 EP 208 PG 38 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BLS69 UT WOS:000270952500010 ER PT J AU Chi, ZH Feng, WY Gao, HL Zheng, W Huang, LP Wang, ZY AF Chi, Zhi-Hong Feng, Wan-Yu Gao, Hui-Ling Zheng, Wei Huang, Liping Wang, Zhan-You TI ZNT7 and Zn2+ are present in different cell populations in the mouse testis SO HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Zinc; Zinc transporter; Autometallography; Testis; Mouse ID MAMMALIAN ZINC TRANSPORTER; GOLGI-APPARATUS; VERTEBRATE CELLS; FINE STRUCTURE; SLC30 FAMILY; SERTOLI-CELL; GERM-CELLS; RAT TESTIS; SPERM; LOCALIZATION AB The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation of the spatial distribution between ZNT7 and chelatable zinc ions in the mouse testis. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated a wide distribution of ZNT7 in both seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissues of the testis. The spermatocytes and spermatids in the seminiferous tubules showed strong ZNT7 immunoreactivity whereas zinc autometallo-graphic (AMG) staining was absent. Spermatozoa showed a high level of free zinc, but were void of ZNT7 immunoreactivity. No ZNT7 immunoreactivity and AMG grains were found in spermatogonia. Both ZNT7 and chelatable zinc were detected in Sertoli and Leydig cells. Furthermore, double immunofluorescence study demonstrated that the ZNT7 staining overlapped with that of TGN38 (a trans-Golgi marker), suggesting that ZNT7 was localized in the Golgi apparatus in the ZNT7-positive cells. In conclusion, ZNT7 and chelatable zinc were distributed in different cell populations except for Sertoli and Leydig cells in the mouse testis. ZNT7 may be involved in zinc transportation into the Golgi apparatus for protein packaging in the mouse testis. C1 [Chi, Zhi-Hong; Feng, Wan-Yu; Gao, Hui-Ling; Zheng, Wei; Wang, Zhan-You] China Med Univ, Dept Histol & Embryol, Shenyang 110001, Peoples R China. [Huang, Liping] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Huang, Liping] Univ Calif Davis, Rowe Program Genet, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Wang, ZY (reprint author), China Med Univ, Dept Histol & Embryol, Shenyang 110001, Peoples R China. EM wangzy@mail.cmu.edu.cn FU Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [SRFDP-20060159001]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-040288]; United States Department of Agriculture [CRIS-5603-515-30-014-00D] FX Supported by Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (SRFDP-20060159001), Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-040288), and the United States Department of Agriculture (CRIS-5603-515-30-014-00D). NR 31 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU F HERNANDEZ PI MURCIA PA PLAZA FUENSANTA 2-7 C, 30008 MURCIA, SPAIN SN 0213-3911 J9 HISTOL HISTOPATHOL JI Histol. Histopath. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 24 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Pathology GA 383TP UT WOS:000261696700003 PM 19012241 ER PT J AU Eberhardt, TL So, CL Protti, A So, PW AF Eberhardt, Thomas L. So, Chi-Leung Protti, Andrea So, Po-Wah TI Gadolinium chloride as a contrast agent for imaging wood composite components by magnetic resonance SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Cellulose Conference (ICC 2007) CY OCT 25-29, 2007 CL Tokyo, JAPAN DE earlywood; gadolinium chloride; GdCl(3); ion exchange; latewood; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); plywood ID ORIENTED STRANDBOARD; MOISTURE MOVEMENT; WATER; REMOVAL; SAWDUST; NMR AB Although paramagnetic contrast agents have an established track record in medical uses of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), only recently has a contrast agent been used for enhancing MRI images of solid wood specimens. Expanding on this concept, wood veneers were treated with a gadolinium-based contrast agent and used in a model system comprising three-ply plywood panels fabricated from two untreated veneers and one treated veneer. The limited degree of effect imparted by the contrast agent for specimens in a water-saturated state likely resulted from contrast agent losses due to leaching during the prerequisite water saturation process. Specimens were also analyzed in the air-dry state using a non-conventional MRI sequence. This allowed what appears to be the first reported visualization of earlywood and latewood bands in MR images for air-dry wood specimens. Observation of significant signal dropout for the gadolinium-treated veneer demonstrated the first successful use of a contrast agent to manipulate the signal intensity of a wood component within a composite structure. This technique shows promise for non-destructive two- and three-dimensional assessments of wood component (e.g., veneers, flakes, particles) distributions and orientations in wood composites. C1 [Eberhardt, Thomas L.; So, Chi-Leung] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [So, Chi-Leung] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, LSU AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Protti, Andrea; So, Po-Wah] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC, Ctr Clin Sci, Biol Imaging Ctr,Imaging Sci Dept, London, England. RP Eberhardt, TL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM teberhardt@fs.fed.us RI So, Po-Wah/B-5892-2012 NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PY 2009 VL 63 IS 1 BP 75 EP 79 DI 10.1515/HF.2009.024 PG 5 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 405TS UT WOS:000263247700013 ER PT J AU Waterland, RA AF Waterland, Robert A. TI Is Epigenetics an Important Link between Early Life Events and Adult Disease? SO HORMONE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Symposium on Endocrinology and Metabolism CY APR 23-MAY 24, 2008 CL Paris, FRANCE DE Epigenetics; Metabolic imprinting ID DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; SUPPLEMENTATION; METHYLATION; CANCER AB Background: Epigenetic mechanisms provide one potential explanation for how environmental influences in early life cause long-term changes in chronic disease susceptibility. Whereas epigenetic dysregulation is increasingly implicated in various rare developmental syndromes and cancer, the role of epigenetics in complex chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity, remains largely uncharacterized. Extensive work in animal models is required to develop specific hypotheses that can be practicably tested in humans. Animal Models: We have developed a mouse model showing that methyl donor supplementation prevents transgenerational amplification of obesity, suggesting a role for DNA methylation in the developmental establishment of body weight regulation. Conclusions: Coupling such models with recently developed epigenomic technologies should ultimately enable us to determine if epigenetics is an important link between early life events and adult disease. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Waterland, RA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St,Ste 5080, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM waterland@bcm.tmc.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [5K01DK070007] NR 28 TC 82 Z9 89 U1 3 U2 8 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0163 J9 HORM RES JI Horm. Res. PY 2009 VL 71 BP 13 EP 16 DI 10.1159/000178030 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 395UI UT WOS:000262548600004 PM 19153498 ER PT J AU Hygnstrom, SE Skelton, PD Josiah, SJ Gilsdorf, JM Virchow, DR Brandle, JA Jayaprakash, AK Eskridge, KM VerCautcren, KC AF Hygnstrom, Scott E. Skelton, Peter D. Josiah, Scott J. Gilsdorf, Jason M. Virchow, Dallas R. Brandle, James A. Jayaprakash, Anit K. Eskridge, Kent M. VerCautcren, Kurt C. TI White-tailed Deer Browsing and Rubbing Preferences for Trees and Shrubs That Produce Nontimber Forest Products SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE agroforestry; browse; fruit; nuts; Odocoileus virginianus; rub damage; specialty woods; wildlife; woody ornamentals ID REPELLENTS; HABITS; DAMAGE; OHIO AB Nontimber forest products (food, herbal medicinals, and woody floral and handicraft products) produced in forest, agroforestry, and horticultural systems can be important sources of income to landowners. White-tailed (Odocoileus virginianus) can reduce the quality, quantity, and profitability of forest products by browsing twigs and rubbing stems, resulting in direct and indirect losses to production enterprises. We evaluated deer damage (frequency and intensity of browsing and rubbing) sustained by 26 species of trees and shrubs, the relationships among morphological features of trees and shrubs to damage levels, and the economic impacts of deer damage on the production of nontimber forest products. Levels of browsing were high (frequency > 93% and intensity > 50%) in most species of trees and shrubs, with the highest intensity (> 60%) occurring in chinese chestnut (Castanea mollisima) and dogwood (Cornus spp.), and the lowest (< 20%) in ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), curly willow (Salix matsudana), 'Scarlet Curls' curly willow, smooth sumac (Rhus glabra), and pussy willow (Salix caprea). Species of trees or shrubs with one or a few stout sterns unprotected by dense branching [e.g., american elderberry (Sambucus canadensis), smooth sumac, and curly willow] sustained the most damage by rubbing. Trees and shrubs with many small diameter stems or with dense tangled branching [e.g. redozier dogwood (Cornus sericea), forsythia (Forsythia suspensa), 'Flame' willow (Salix alba), and 'Streamco' basket willow (Salix purpurea)] were damaged the least by rubbing. Annual economic costs of deer damage to producers of nontimber forest products can range from $26/acre for pussy willow to $1595/acre for curly willow. C1 [Hygnstrom, Scott E.; Josiah, Scott J.; Gilsdorf, Jason M.; Virchow, Dallas R.; Brandle, James A.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Skelton, Peter D.] New Mexico State Univ, Coll Agr & Home Econ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Eskridge, Kent M.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [VerCautcren, Kurt C.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Hygnstrom, SE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM shygnstrom1@unl.edu NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 204 EP 211 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 386HN UT WOS:000261873200036 ER PT J AU Ho, CS Lee, JH Lunney, JK Franzo-Romain, MH Smith, DM AF Ho, Chak-Sum Lee, Jun-Heon Lunney, Joan K. Franzo-Romain, Megan H. Smith, Douglas M. TI A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM FOR TISSUE-TYPING PIGS. SO HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 35th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Histocompatibility-and-Immunogenetics CY NOV 02-06, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Soc Histocompatibil & Immunogenet C1 [Ho, Chak-Sum; Franzo-Romain, Megan H.; Smith, Douglas M.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Lee, Jun-Heon] Chungnam Natl Univ, Taejon, South Korea. [Lunney, Joan K.] ARS, APDL, BARC, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0198-8859 J9 HUM IMMUNOL JI Hum. Immunol. PY 2009 VL 70 BP S3 EP S3 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 517KB UT WOS:000271611200006 ER PT J AU Crow, WT Ryu, D AF Crow, W. T. Ryu, D. TI A new data assimilation approach for improving runoff prediction using remotely-sensed soil moisture retrievals SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SEQUENTIAL ASSIMILATION; MODELS; SCALE AB A number of recent studies have focused on enhancing runoff prediction via the assimilation of remotely-sensed surface soil moisture retrievals into a hydrologic model. The majority of these approaches have viewed the problem from purely a state or parameter estimation perspective in which remotely-sensed soil moisture estimates are assimilated to improve the characterization of pre-storm soil moisture conditions in a hydrologic model, and consequently, its simulation of runoff response to subsequent rainfall. However, recent work has demonstrated that soil moisture retrievals can also be used to filter errors present in satellite-based rainfall accumulation products. This result implies that soil moisture retrievals have potential benefit for characterizing both antecedent moisture conditions ( required to estimate sub-surface flow intensities and subsequent surface runoff efficiencies) and storm-scale rainfall totals ( required to estimate the total surface runoff volume). In response, this work presents a new sequential data assimilation system that exploits remotely-sensed surface soil moisture retrievals to simultaneously improve estimates of both pre-storm soil moisture conditions and storm-scale rainfall accumulations. Preliminary testing of the system, via a synthetic twin data assimilation experiment based on the Sacramento hydrologic model and data collected from the Model Parameterization Experiment, suggests that the new approach is more efficient at improving stream flow predictions than data assimilation techniques focusing solely on the constraint of antecedent soil moisture conditions. C1 [Crow, W. T.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ryu, D.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Crow, WT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. EM wade.crow@ars.usda.gov RI Ryu, Dongryeol/C-5903-2008 OI Ryu, Dongryeol/0000-0002-5335-6209 FU NASA EOS Aqua Science; NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Programs; NNH04AC301 FX This work was partially supported by the NASA EOS Aqua Science and the NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Programs through grant NNH04AC301. NR 24 TC 74 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 16 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2009 VL 13 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 402DB UT WOS:000262993300001 ER PT J AU Williams, CJ McNamara, JP Chandler, DG AF Williams, C. J. McNamara, J. P. Chandler, D. G. TI Controls on the temporal and spatial variability of soil moisture in a mountainous landscape: the signature of snow and complex terrain SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; WATER CONTENT; STREAMFLOW GENERATION; HILLSLOPE; CATCHMENTS; STABILITY; DYNAMICS; TEMPERATURE; SATURATION; PATTERNS AB The controls on the spatial distribution of soil moisture include static and dynamic variables. The superposition of static and dynamic controls can lead to different soil moisture patterns for a given catchment during wetting, draining, and drying periods. These relationships can be further complicated in snow-dominated mountain regions where soil water input by precipitation is largely dictated by the spatial variability of snow accumulation and melt. In this study, we assess controls on spatial and temporal soil moisture variability in a small (0.02 km(2)), snow-dominated, semi-arid catchment by evaluating spatial correlations between soil moisture and site characteristics through different hydrologic seasons. We assess the relative importance of snow with respect to other catchment properties on the spatial variability of soil moisture and track the temporal persistence of those controls. Spatial distribution of snow, distance from divide, soil texture, and soil depth exerted significant control on the spatial variability of moisture content throughout most of the hydrologic year. These relationships were strongest during the wettest period and degraded during the dry period. As the catchment cycled through wet and dry periods, the relative spatial variability of soil moisture tended to remain unchanged. We suggest that the static properties in complex terrain (slope, aspect, soils) impose first order controls on the spatial variability of snow and resulting soil moisture patterns, and that the interaction of dynamic (timing of water input) and static influences propagate that relative constant spatial variability through most of the hydrologic year. The results demonstrate that snow exerts significant influence on how water is retained within mid-elevation semi-arid catchments and suggest that reductions in annual snowpacks associated with changing climate regimes may strongly influence spatial and temporal soil moisture patterns and catchment physical and biological processes. C1 [Williams, C. J.] USDA ARS, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [McNamara, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Chandler, D. G.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Williams, CJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM jason.williams@ars.usda.gov RI McNamara, James/F-1993-2011; Chandler, David/E-4543-2013; OI Chandler, David/0000-0002-8662-2892; Williams, Jason/0000-0002-6289-4789 NR 45 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 6 U2 36 PU COPERNICUS PUBLICATIONS PI KATHLENBURG-LINDAU PA MAX-PLANCK-STR 13, KATHLENBURG-LINDAU, 37191, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2009 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1325 EP 1336 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 478YB UT WOS:000268623600027 ER PT S AU Petri, C Webb, K Dardick, C Scorza, R AF Petri, C. Webb, K. Dardick, Ch. Scorza, R. BE Hanke, MV Dunemann, F Flachowsky, H TI A High-Throughput Transformation System in Plum (Prunus domestica L.) Useful for Functional Genomics in Rosaceae SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT SPECIES: BIOTECHFRUIT2008 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Biotechnology of Fruit Species - BIOTECHFRUIT CY JUL 14, 2009 CL Dresden, GERMANY DE Agrobacterium tumefaciens; gene function; genetic transformation; Prunus spp. ID COAT PROTEIN GENE; AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; POX-VIRUS; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; REGENERATION; RESISTANCE; TOOL; RNA; CONSTRUCTS; EXPRESSION AB We have developed an improved Agrobacterium-mediated protocol in plum (Prunus domestica L.) through the addition of 2,4-D to the regeneration media. This method has increased the regeneration efficiency of independent transgenic plants up to 10 fold over previous reports. DNA blot analysis of putative transgenic shoots revealed transformation efficiencies of up to 42% with an average of 25% over all trials. The method as described produces self-rooted transgenic plants in approximately 6 months. The high transformation rates coupled with the rapid plant establishment methodology makes it possible to utilize plum transformation both for the introduction of agronomically useful genes into this species, and as a model plant for functional genomics studies in Prunus spp., rosaceaous species, and woody plants in general. C1 [Petri, C.; Webb, K.; Dardick, Ch.; Scorza, R.] ARS, Dept Genet Improvement Fruit Crops, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Petri, C (reprint author), ARS, Dept Genet Improvement Fruit Crops, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-612-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 839 BP 375 EP 379 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW34 UT WOS:000305708800048 ER PT S AU Ravelonandro, M Scorza, R AF Ravelonandro, M. Scorza, R. BE Hanke, MV Dunemann, F Flachowsky, H TI Silencing in Genetically Engineered Prunus domestica Provides Durable and Safe Resistance to Plum pox virus (Sharka Disease) SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT SPECIES: BIOTECHFRUIT2008 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Biotechnology of Fruit Species - BIOTECHFRUIT CY JUL 14, 2009 CL Dresden, GERMANY DE siRNA; environmental safety; Biosafety; virus vectors; GMO; GE plants ID COAT PROTEIN GENE; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; FIELD; RNA; L.; POTYVIRUS; INFECTION; STRAIN; IMPACT; SIRNA AB Originally identified in Bulgaria in 1915, Plum pox virus (PPV) is the most damaging virus of stone fruit trees, including apricot, plum, peach and cherry. PPV steadily spread throughout Europe over the years since its discovery and at the turn of the century (1999-2000) it reached North America (USA and Canada). While many strategies to control the spread of PPV have been undertaken over the decades and many studies have contributed to the characterization of the virus isolates there has been relatively little progress in the development of resistant varieties. With the paucity of natural resistance, transgenic technology, based on the engineering of the virus capsid gene, was investigated as a useful source of resistance. This work identified the C5 plum clone as highly resistant to PPV infection. These findings were supported by detailed molecular studies indicating that post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is the resistance mechanism with resistance being mediated through the production of small interfering RNA (siRNA). The durability of PPV resistance in C5 (named 'HoneySweet') is reflected through more than 10 years of field tests. In total, over 15 years of research with 'HoneySweet' have demonstrated that this clone and the resistance mechanism that it represents is: i) an important tool to demonstrate the successful deployment of biotechnology against a quarantine pest; ii) a safe product of biotechnology; and iii) a useful strategy for avoiding the use of pesticides to control natural aphid vectors of PPV. The deregulation of 'HoneySweet' in the USA by USDA/APHIS (Federal Register Doc. E7-13649, July 12 2007) and clearance by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) corroborate these findings. C1 [Ravelonandro, M.] INRA Bordeaux, UMR GDPP, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. [Scorza, R.] USDA ARS Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Ravelonandro, M (reprint author), INRA Bordeaux, UMR GDPP, 71 Ave Bourleaux, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-612-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 839 BP 397 EP 402 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW34 UT WOS:000305708800052 ER PT S AU Norelli, JL Lalli, DA Bassett, CL Wisniewski, ME Gardiner, SE Celton, JM Bowatte, DR Carlisle, CM Malnoy, M Aldwinckle, HS Farrell, RE Baldo, AM Horner, MB Bus, VGM AF Norelli, J. L. Lalli, D. A. Bassett, C. L. Wisniewski, M. E. Gardiner, S. E. Celton, J. M. Bowatte, D. R. Carlisle, C. M. Malnoy, M. Aldwinckle, H. S. Farrell, R. E., Jr. Baldo, A. M. Horner, M. B. Bus, V. G. M. BE Hanke, MV Dunemann, F Flachowsky, H TI Using Functional Genomics to Identify Molecular Markers for Fire Blight Resistance (Erwinia amylovora) in Apple (Malus) SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT SPECIES: BIOTECHFRUIT2008 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Biotechnology of Fruit Species - BIOTECHFRUIT CY JUL 14, 2009 CL Dresden, GERMANY DE marker assisted breeding; suppression subtractive hybridization; SSH; quantitative trait loci; QTL; Rosaceae ID LINKAGE GROUP 3; QTL AB Fire blight, caused by Erwinia amylovora (Ea), is a destructive disease of Malus (apple), Pyrus (pear) and some woody ornamentals in the rose family (Rosaceae). The goal of this project is to use a functional genomics approach to develop tools to breed fire blight resistant apples. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and cDNA-AFLP analysis were used to identify 650 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) associated with fire blight from Ea-challenged apple leaf tissue. ESTs were ranked for their potential impact on resistance based on bioinformatics and inferences drawn from model systems. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers derived from highly ranked fire blight-associated ESTs were mapped in a 'M.9' x 'Robusta 5' population in which a major QTL for fire blight resistance has been located on Linkage Group 03. Highly ranked fire blight-associated ESTs were mapped to this QTL, as well as to the positions corresponding to the location of at least two QTLs reported in other populations. A secretory class III peroxidase mapped to the LG03 fire blight resistance QTL and a serine/threonine protein kinase mapped at a 4 cM distance. To date, 6 out of 28 candidate fire blight resistance gene markers that have been mapped, have co-located to or near known fire blight resistance QTLs. This research will facilitate new methods of marker-assisted selection to efficiently breed superior apple cultivars with fire blight resistance. C1 [Norelli, J. L.; Lalli, D. A.; Bassett, C. L.; Wisniewski, M. E.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Norelli, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV USA. RI Bus, Vincent/B-1318-2011 OI Bus, Vincent/0000-0003-4071-4457 NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-612-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 839 BP 415 EP 420 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW34 UT WOS:000305708800055 ER PT S AU Artlip, TS Wisniewski, ME Macarisin, D Norelli, JL AF Artlip, T. S. Wisniewski, M. E. Macarisin, D. Norelli, J. L. BE Hanke, MV Dunemann, F Flachowsky, H TI Ectopic Expression of a Spinach SOD Gene in Young Apple Trees Enhances Abiotic Stress Resistance SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT SPECIES: BIOTECHFRUIT2008 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Biotechnology of Fruit Species - BIOTECHFRUIT CY JUL 14, 2009 CL Dresden, GERMANY DE Malus x domestica; oxidative stress; freezing; high temperature; superoxide dismutase ID PEACH PRUNUS-PERSICA; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE; ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; WATER-DEFICIT; TOLERANCE; OVEREXPRESSION; ACCLIMATION; PLANTS AB Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are induced during both biotic and abiotic stress, either as signaling molecules or as result of stress injury. ROS are highly destructive to cell components and the injury resulting from these compounds is referred to as oxidative stress. Antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), scavenge oxygen radicals preventing the injury resulting from oxidative stress. The objective of the present research was to produce transgenic apple plants (Malus x domestica 'Royal Gala') with enhanced production of a cytosolic SOD. A full-length SOD cDNA was isolated from spinach by a combination of RT-PCR and conventional plaque lift screening of a pea cDNA library. The SOD gene was mobilized into a binary vector consisting of pBINPLUSARS and pRTL2 for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of apple. The resulting SOD-overexpression (SOD-OX), blank-cassette, and un-transformed lines were evaluated for resistance to acute and prolonged exposure to high temperature, and freezing temperatures in non-acclimated and acclimated plants, by ion leakage assays of leaves and bark from one-year-old trees. Results indicated that SOD-OX leaves exhibited improved resistance to both acute (30 min) and longer-term exposure (2h to 24h) to elevated temperatures compared to the non SOD-OX lines. Cold tolerance of non-cold-acclimated SOD-OX tissues did not differ from the control plants. Cold acclimated (2 weeks exposure to a short day photoperiod at 4 degrees C) leaves of SOD-OX trees, however, were more cold tolerant compared to the other lines, while bark was not. The overexpression of antioxidant enzymes is believed to help cells recover from post-injury ROS rather than directly increase stress tolerance. Therefore, the differences observed in increased stress tolerance in the transgenic apple plants may be a reflection of the type and extent of injury caused by heat vs. freezing stress. C1 [Artlip, T. S.; Wisniewski, M. E.; Macarisin, D.; Norelli, J. L.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Artlip, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-612-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 839 BP 645 EP 650 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW34 UT WOS:000305708800088 ER PT S AU Wisniewski, M Bassett, C Macarisin, D Norelli, J Artlip, T Korban, S AF Wisniewski, M. Bassett, C. Macarisin, D. Norelli, J. Artlip, T. Korban, S. BE Hanke, MV Dunemann, F Flachowsky, H TI Transcriptomic and Proteomic Response of Fruit Trees to Abiotic Stress SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT SPECIES: BIOTECHFRUIT2008 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Biotechnology of Fruit Species - BIOTECHFRUIT CY JUL 14, 2009 CL Dresden, GERMANY DE Malus x domestica; Prunus persica; cold hardiness; transformation; transcription factors; systems biology; apple; peach ID BETA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; LOW-TEMPERATURE; FREEZING TOLERANCE; ARABIDOPSIS; DROUGHT; PHOTOPERIOD; RESISTANCE; PLANTS; GENES; BARK AB Together, temperature and water availability are the primary determinants of the global distribution of major vegetation biomes and as such have a major impact on the cultivation of temperate fruit trees. The regulation of both low temperature and water deficit stress has been widely studied in herbaceous plants using transcriptomics, proteomics, and transformation technologies. These studies have revealed stress signaling pathways, specific stress-tolerance genes, and transcriptional regulators. Using direct data or empirical approaches, biotechnology has been utilized to produce transgenic plants that have greater stress tolerance. For example, plants overexpressing the transcription factor CBF (under the control of a low-temperature-inducible promoter) have increased freezing tolerance. However, only recently, have these same approaches been used to study stress tolerance in woody plants and more specifically fruit trees. Evidence suggests that although there is a high level of conservation in mechanisms of stress tolerance between annual herbaceous plants and perennial woody plants, the perennial habit has also resulted in additional mechanisms that are specific to perennial plants. We have utilized several different global approaches to study stress tolerance in apple and peach. These include subtractive hybridization (SSH), bioinformatics analysis of ESTs derived from stress-induced cDNA libraries, and 2D Difference in-Gel Electrophoresis (DiGE) for proteomic analyses. These approaches are beginning to reveal the complexity of stress response in fruit trees and helping us develop a comprehensive understanding of stress tolerance in fruit trees. An overview of the results of these studies is presented and discussed. C1 [Wisniewski, M.; Bassett, C.; Macarisin, D.; Norelli, J.; Artlip, T.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Korban, S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Wisniewski, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-612-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 839 BP 681 EP 687 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW34 UT WOS:000305708800093 ER PT J AU Antony, F Jordan, L Schimleck, LR Daniels, RF Clark, A AF Antony, Finto Jordan, Lewis Schimleck, Laurence R. Daniels, Richard F. Clark, Alexander, III TI THE EFFECT OF MID-ROTATION FERTILIZATION ON THE WOOD PROPERTIES OF LOBLOLLY PINE (PINUS TAEDA) SO IAWA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Loblolly pine; mid-rotation fertilization; modulus of elasticity; Pinus taeda; NIR spectroscopy ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; MICROFIBRIL ANGLE; INCREMENT CORES; STIMULATED GROWTH; RADIATA; DENSITY; STIFFNESS; AGE; QUALITY; ANATOMY AB Mid-rotation fertilization is it common practice in the management of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations, typically providing large improvements in growth. However, concerns exist about the quality of wood produced following fertilization. The objective of this study was to develop an understanding of wood property changes following fertilization. Wood samples from a study involving four levels of fertilization applied to a thinned mid-rotation loblolly pine plantation located on the lower coastal plain of North Carolina were sampled. The study was laid out in a randomized complete block design involving four blocks and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer: Control-000, 112,224 and 336 kg/ha, along with 28 kg/ha of phosphorus with all treatments. Thirty-two trees were felled and disks were cut at five heights from each tree. Wood properties including modulus of elasticity, air-dry density and tracheid anatomical properties were measured for each of the three post-fertilization annual growth rings using near infrared (NIR) spectra obtained from the radial face of strips cut from the disks. An analysis of variance wits conducted on three-year basal area weighted average stiffness, air-dry density, and tracheid anatomical properties. A decrease in stiffness, air-dry density, tracheid wall thickness, and an increase in tracheid radial diameter were observed for the heaviest fertilizer treatment (336 kg/ha) compared to the control and 112 kg/ha of nitrogen. Microfibril angle (MICA), cell tangential diameter, and tracheid perimeter showed little change. Wood properties of trees receiving fertilizer rates of 112 and 224 kg/ha were not significantly affected. C1 [Antony, Finto; Jordan, Lewis; Schimleck, Laurence R.; Daniels, Richard F.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Clark, Alexander, III] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Antony, F (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM fintoa@warnell.uga.edu NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS PI LEIDEN PA RIJKSHERBARIUM, PO BOX 9514, 2300 LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-1541 J9 IAWA J JI IAWA J. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 1 BP 49 EP 58 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 416QO UT WOS:000264020800005 ER PT J AU Domec, JC Warren, JM Meinzer, FC Lachenbruch, B AF Domec, Jean-Christophe Warren, Jeffrey M. Meinzer, Frederick C. Lachenbruch, Barbara TI SAFETY FACTORS FOR XYLEM FAILURE BY IMPLOSION AND AIR-SEEDING WITHIN ROOTS, TRUNKS AND BRANCHES OF YOUNG AND OLD CONIFER TREES SO IAWA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Cell wall; embolism; juvenile wood; mature wood; tracheid; water transport ID DOUGLAS-FIR TREES; BORDERED PIT FUNCTION; PONDEROSA PINE TREES; FOREST CANOPY TREES; WATER TRANSPORT; HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; WOOD DENSITY; MECHANICAL STABILITY; ANGIOSPERM VESSELS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST AB The cohesion-tension theory of water transport states that hydrogen bonds hold water molecules together and that they are pulled through the xylem under tension. This tension could cause transport failure in at least two ways: collapse of the conduit walls (implosion), or rupture of the water column through air-seeding. The objective of this research was to elucidate the functional significance of variations in tracheid anatomical features, earlywood to latewood ratios and wood densities with position in young and old Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine trees in terms of their consequences for the safety factors for tracheid implosion and air-seeding. For both species, wood density increased linearly with percent latewood for root, trunk and branch samples. However, the relationships between anatomy and hydraulic function in trunks differed from those in roots and branches. In roots and branches increased hydraulic efficiency was achieved at the cost of increased vulnerability to air-seeding. Mature wood of trunks had earlywood with wide tracheids that optimized water transport and had a high percentage of latewood that optimized structural support. Juvenile wood had higher resistance to air-seeding and cell wall implosion. The two safety factors followed similar axial trends from roots to terminal branches and were similar for both species studied and between juvenile and mature wood. C1 [Domec, Jean-Christophe] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27795 USA. [Warren, Jeffrey M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lachenbruch, Barbara] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Domec, JC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27795 USA. EM jdomec@ncsu.edu RI Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012 OI Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697; FU USDA-CSREES [NRI 03-35103-13713]; USDA Forest Service Ecosystem Processes Program [PNW 02-JV-1126952-252]; USDA FX We thank C. Wilhelmsen for her help with the ponderosa pine measurements. This work was supported by USDA-CSREES NRI 03-35103-13713, the USDA Forest Service Ecosystem Processes Program (PNW 02-JV-1126952-252), and a special USDA grant to OSU for wood utilization research. NR 71 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 20 PU INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS PI LEIDEN PA RIJKSHERBARIUM, PO BOX 9514, 2300 LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-1541 J9 IAWA J JI IAWA J. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 2 BP 101 EP 120 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 448JF UT WOS:000266258200002 ER PT J AU Wiedenhoeft, AC Riina, R Berry, PE AF Wiedenhoeft, Alex C. Riina, Ricarda Berry, Paul E. TI "RAY-INTRUSIVE" LATICIFERS IN SPECIES OF CROTON SECTION CYCLOSTIGMA (EUPHORBIACEAE) SO IAWA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Croton; section Cyclostigma; Euphorbiaceae; laticifer; wood anatomy; articulated; non-articulated ID NON-ARTICULATED LATICIFER; TRADITIONAL USES; LATEX TUBES; WOOD; MARGINATA; GRAVITY; ORIGIN; CANALS; GENUS AB A description of the occurrence and structure of "ray-intrusive" laticifers in the rays of species of Croton section Cyclostigma is provided. The systematic significance of laticifers within Croton section Cyclostigma is briefly discussed in relation to the section's known production of red latex, commonly called "dragon's blood". A developmental hypothesis is offered and discussed in the context of the assumption that all laticifers in wood rays are non-articulated. C1 [Wiedenhoeft, Alex C.] Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Riina, Ricarda; Berry, Paul E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Wiedenhoeft, AC (reprint author), Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM acwieden@wisc.edu RI Riina, Ricarda/J-1032-2014 OI Riina, Ricarda/0000-0002-7423-899X NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS PI LEIDEN PA RIJKSHERBARIUM, PO BOX 9514, 2300 LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-1541 J9 IAWA J JI IAWA J. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 2 BP 135 EP 148 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 448JF UT WOS:000266258200005 ER PT J AU Motha, RP AF Motha, Raymond P. TI Developing an adaptation strategy for sustainable agriculture SO IDOJARAS LA English DT Article CT 14th Session of the World-Meteorological-Organization on Climate Risks in Vulnerable Areas - Agrometeorological Monitoring and Coping Strategies CY 2006 CL New Delhi, INDIA DE climate change; sustainable agriculture; adaptation; preparedness; policy AB Agriculture is one of the most important economic sectors of global society. Agricultural production continues to expand into forest lands and marginal crop areas, in an attempt to keep pace with the ever-increasing world population. Environmental damage is increasing, including erosion, salinity, desertification, deforestation, threats, to biodiversity, and water scarcity. Moreover, climate change/variability is having a profound influence on agroecosystems, posing serious threats to food security, human, health, and protection of the environment. Thus, comprehensive agrometeorological adaptation policy guidelines, focusing on preparedness, mitigation, and adaptation measures to support sustainable agricultural development, are needed to cope with the impacts of climate change/variability. Adaptation policy can not be an effective "stand alone" strategy, but should be incorporated into a broader policy objective. For example, adaptation to climate change should be a part of a broader socio-economic policy such as agricultural, forest, water resources, natural resources, or coastal-zone management policy. Poorer countries that will require resources to improve capacity in order to cope with impacts, undertake specific adaptation measures. C1 USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Motha, RP (reprint author), USDA, 1400 Independence Ave, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM rmotha@oce.usda.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU HUNGARIAN METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 39, BUDAPEST, H-1675, HUNGARY SN 0324-6329 J9 IDOJARAS JI Idojaras PD JAN-JUN PY 2009 VL 113 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 127 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 458YZ UT WOS:000267067600014 ER PT J AU Balick, L Gillespie, A French, A Danilina, I Allard, JP Mushkin, A AF Balick, Lee Gillespie, Alan French, Andrew Danilina, Iryna Allard, Jean-Pierre Mushkin, Amit TI Longwave Thermal Infrared Spectral Variability in Individual Rocks SO IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters LA English DT Article DE Hyperspectral; infrared; remote sensing; rock; spectra; thermal AB An hyperspectral imaging spectrometer measuring in the longwave thermal infrared (7.6-11.6 mu m), with a spatial resolution less than 5 mm at a range of 10 in, was used in the field to observe the variability of emissivity spectra of individual rock surfaces. The rocks were obtained commercially, were on the order of 20 cm in size, and were selected to have distinct spectral features: They include alabaster (gypsum.), soapstone (steatite with talc), obsidian (volcanic glass), norite (plagioclase and orthopyroxene), and "jasper" (silica with iron oxides). The advantages of using an imaging spectrometer to characterize these rocks spectrally are apparent. Large spectral variations were observed within individual rocks that may be attributed to roughness, surface geometry, and compositional variation. Nonimaging spectrometers would normally miss these variations as would small samples used in laboratory measurements, spatially averaged spectra can miss the optimum spectra for identification of materials, and spatially localized components of the rock can be obscured. C1 [Balick, Lee] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Gillespie, Alan; Danilina, Iryna; Mushkin, Amit] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [French, Andrew] Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Water Management & Conservat Res Unit, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA. [Allard, Jean-Pierre] Telops Inc, Quebec City, PQ G2E 6J5, Canada. RP Balick, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lbalick@lanl.gov; arg3@u.washington.edu; andrew.french@ars.usda.gov; danilina@u.washington.edu; jean-pierre.allard@telops.com; mushkin@u.washington.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nonproliferation Technology Development, [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Los Alamos National Security FX This work Was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nonproliferation Technology Development, under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396 with Los Alamos National Security, LLC. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 6 IS 1 BP 52 EP 56 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2008.2006005 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 395QS UT WOS:000262539200012 ER PT J AU Bindlish, R Crow, WT Jackson, TJ AF Bindlish, Raja Crow, Wade T. Jackson, Thomas J. TI Role of Passive Microwave Remote Sensing in Improving Flood Forecasts SO IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters LA English DT Article DE Floods; hydrology; microwave remote sensing; rainfall-runoff modeling; soil moisture ID SENSED SOIL-MOISTURE AB Accurate information concerning antecedent soil moisture conditions is a key source of hydrologic forecasting skill for regional-scale flooding events occurring over time scales of days to weeks. Remotely sensed surface soil moisture observations are a viable source of such information and can potentially improve flood peak timing and magnitude forecasting in such events. C- and X-band brightness temperature data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) aboard NASA's Aqua satellite are used here to demonstrate the potential for improving streamflow forecasts by using remotely sensed surface soil moisture during a flooding event in northeastern Australia (Queensland) during January-February 2004. An analysis of AMSR-E brightness temperature imagery reveals a clear anomaly of low AMSR-E brightness temperatures (i.e., high soil moisture conditions) over the affected areas in the four- to five-day period preceding peak streamflow conditions. Land surface conditions are a remotely detectable precursor to subsequent downstream flooding. Use of a simple adaptive model demonstrates that AMSR-E passive microwave observations can add skill to streamflow forecasts during the event. C1 [Bindlish, Raja] USDA ARS, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bindlish, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rajat.bindlish@ars.usda.gov; wcrow@hydrolab.arsusda.gov; tjackson@hydrolab.arsusda.gov FU NASA EOS; NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program [EOS/03-0204-0265] FX This work was supported in part by the NASA EOS Aqua Science program and in pail by the NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program (NASA EOS/03-0204-0265). NR 16 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 16 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 6 IS 1 BP 112 EP 116 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2008.2002754 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 395QS UT WOS:000262539200024 ER PT J AU Moran, MS Hutchinson, BS Marsh, SE McClaran, MP Olsson, AD AF Moran, Mary Susan Hutchinson, Barbara S. Marsh, Stuart E. McClaran, Mitchel P. Olsson, Aaryn D. TI Archiving and Distributing Three Long-Term Interconnected Geospatial Data Sets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Archiving; geographic information systems (GISs); geospatial data; Landsat; long term; online distribution; precipitation; runoff; temperature ID SENSITIVITY; INFORMATION; ARIZONA; METRICS; USA AB Repeat remote sensing field campaigns at experimental sites result in a valuable set of remote sensing data resources, geographic information system data sets, digitized maps, and tabular data that are tied to specific locations. Archiving and distributing these geospatial data generally become the responsibility of local universities and federal research centers with few resources dedicated to the task. The developments in archiving and distributing geospatial data are presented through the description and discussion of three interconnected case studies of data preservation at government and academic units in southeastern Arizona. The main challenges were associated with data archiving, developing online data distribution systems, interconnecting the data distribution systems, and sustaining the archiving and distribution systems. The case studies present multiple approaches to meeting these challenges within the constraints of government and academic units. Results should guide other local efforts to archive and preserve long-term geospatial data and distribute them online. C1 [Moran, Mary Susan] ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Hutchinson, Barbara S.] Univ Arizona, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Marsh, Stuart E.; Olsson, Aaryn D.] Univ Arizona, Arizona Remote Sensing Ctr, Off Arid Lands Studies, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [McClaran, Mitchel P.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Moran, MS (reprint author), ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM susan.moran@ars.usda.gov; barbarah@ag.arizona.edu; smarsh@ag.arizona.edu; mcclaran@email.arizona.edu; aaryn@email.arizona.edu NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JAN PY 2009 VL 47 IS 1 SI SI BP 59 EP 71 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2008.2002815 PN 1 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 392UM UT WOS:000262327700006 ER PT S AU Prior, RL AF Prior, R. L. BE Patil, B TI Antioxidant Status In Vivo: The Case for Regular Consumption of Antioxidant Rich Fruits and Vegetables SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES: FAVHEALTH 2007 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Human Health Effects of Fruits and Vegetables - FAVHEALTH CY AUG 31, 2009 CL Houston, TX DE oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC(FL)); blueberries; grapes; kiwifruit; strawberry; cherry; antioxidant capacity; oxidative stress ID FACTOR-KAPPA-B; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; VIRGIN OLIVE OIL; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RED WINE; UNITED-STATES; COMMON FOODS; VITAMIN-C; HIGH-FAT AB Since metabolism of energy is a major source of reactive oxygen species, the quantity of dietary antioxidants needed may be related to energy consumption. Antioxidant status in vivo can be altered by diet, but the postprandial response is dependent upon factors such as 1) antioxidant capacity (AOC) of food, 2) amount consumed, 3) type of phytochemicals and their content in the foods, 4) absorption/metabolism of the dietary antioxidants in the body and 5) the fructose content particularly of fruits and berries. The ability of different foods to prevent postprandial oxidative stress varies due to these and perhaps other factors. We have demonstrated that consumption of certain berries and fruits, such as blueberries, mixed grape and kiwifruit, was associated with an increased plasma AOC in the postprandial state, and consumption of an energy source of macronutrients containing no antioxidants was associated with a decline in plasma AOC. High antioxidant berries, which have high levels of anthocyanins, are not as effective in vivo as antioxidants as some other foods, apparently because of the poor stability and/or absorption of anthocyanins. In order to prevent periods of postprandial oxidative stress, increased consumption of high antioxidant foods is needed, and perhaps more important, antioxidant containing foods need to be consumed in conjunction with carbohydrate and other sources of energy in each meal. C1 ARS, USDA, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. RP Prior, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, 1212 Marshall St, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. EM priorronaldl@uams.edu NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-602-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 841 BP 75 EP 83 PG 9 WC Horticulture; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Agriculture; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BAW25 UT WOS:000305703500006 ER PT S AU Luthria, DL AF Luthria, D. L. BE Patil, B TI Phenolic Compounds Analysis in Foods and Dietary Supplements is not the Same Using Different Sample Preparation Procedures SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES: FAVHEALTH 2007 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Human Health Effects of Fruits and Vegetables - FAVHEALTH CY AUG 31, 2009 CL Houston, TX DE extraction solvent composition; extraction techniques; extraction conditions; eggplant; soybean; parsley; black cohosh ID FUNCTIONAL FOODS; HEALTH-PROMOTION; EXTRACTION; ISOFLAVONES; FRUITS; ACIDS AB Recent epidemiological studies suggest a positive correlation between diets rich in fruits and vegetables and a reduced incidence of chronic diseases. This beneficial effect is partially attributed to phenolic phytochemicals, a complex group of secondary metabolites that provide flavor and color to fruits, vegetables, and grains. More than 8,000 different phenolic phytochemicals belonging to different subgroups (polyphenols, phenolic acids, and a miscellaneous group) have been identified. The large number of phenolic compounds, their structural diversity, and their interaction with other cellular constituents present a considerable challenge in developing efficient procedures for optimum extraction and accurate analysis of different plant matrices. This paper illustrates the difficulties related to the extraction of phenolic compounds using examples from peer-reviewed literature. It discusses the importance of optimizing sample preparation procedures for accurate estimation of phenolic compounds from foods (eggplant, soybean and parsley) and dietary supplements (Black cohosh). A comparison of current and classical procedures for the extraction of phenolic phytochemicals is presented. The influence of different extraction parameters, such as solvent composition, particle size, pressure, temperature, solid-to-solvent ratio, and number of extraction cycles is also discussed. A systematic approach for optimum extraction of phenolic phytochemicals from different plant matrices has been included. Accurate quantification of bioactive phenolic phytochemicals will allow researchers to provide better guidelines on dietary intake levels necessary to achieve the optimum health. C1 ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Luthria, DL (reprint author), ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-602-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 841 BP 381 EP 387 PG 7 WC Horticulture; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Agriculture; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BAW25 UT WOS:000305703500048 ER PT S AU Stringer, SJ Marshall, DA Perkins-Veazie, P AF Stringer, S. J. Marshall, D. A. Perkins-Veazie, P. BE Patil, B TI Nutraceutical Compound Concentrations of Muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.) Grape Cultivars and Breeding Lines SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES: FAVHEALTH 2007 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Human Health Effects of Fruits and Vegetables - FAVHEALTH CY AUG 31, 2009 CL Houston, TX DE Muscadine; phytochemicals; phenolics; resveratrol; ellagic acid AB Consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables has been linked both anecdotally and clinically to the prevention or alleviation of chronic diseases and provides essential nourishment to mankind. The muscadine grape, a fruit indigenous to the southeastern U. S., contains several phenolic compounds that act as antioxidants and also other compounds, such as resveratrol, that can perform as a chemopreventative. The concentrations of these compounds present in the muscadine grape equal or exceed that known for other small fruit. Fruit of selected muscadine grape genotypes, including breeding lines and cultivars, were evaluated over a 2-year period to assess the existing genetic base for these nutraceutical compounds. Results demonstrated that concentrations of anthocyanins, total phenolics, ellagic acid, and resveratrol differ significantly among cultivars and breeding lines. These results suggest a possibility to breed for increased concentrations of the health-promoting compounds in muscadine grapes. The objective of this study is to determine measurable variations between breeding lines of cultivated muscadine grapes. If there are differences among breeding lines, plant geneticists can breed cultivars with higher nutraceutical value. C1 [Stringer, S. J.; Marshall, D. A.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Stringer, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-602-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 841 BP 553 EP 556 PG 4 WC Horticulture; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Agriculture; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BAW25 UT WOS:000305703500081 ER PT S AU Fanigliulo, A Comes, S Pacella, R Crescenzia, A Momol, MT Olson, SM Reitz, S AF Fanigliulo, A. Comes, S. Pacella, R. Crescenzia, A. Momol, M. T. Olson, S. M. Reitz, S. BE Saygili, H Sahin, F Aysan, Y TI Integrated Management of Viral Diseases in Field-Grown Tomatoes in Southern Italy SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Tomato Diseases CY JAN 31, 2009 CL Kusadasi, TURKEY DE tomato; TSWV; UV reflective mulch; integrated management ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE AB Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a Tospovirus affecting field tomato crops worldwide. The virus is transmitted by some species of thrips. The most damaging vectors in Italy are Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci. Only the first instar larvae can acquire the virus from an infected plant. After acquisition, the virus replicates in the vector, and the viruliferous thrips is capable of transmission for the duration of its life. Apart from TSWV, other serious threats for tomato production in Italy are the aphid transmitted Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Potato virus Y (PVY), both with necrotic and non necrotic variants. Epidemics caused by TSWV, PVY and CMV occur regularly in southern Italy, where hundreds of millions of tomato plants are grown commercially every year. Insecticides applied on a calendar basis for insect control are not very effective in preventing these vector-borne viral diseases because the viruses can be transmitted to the plant before insects (thrips and aphids) are killed by insecticides. Field experiments were conducted during summer of 2005 and 2006 in the main tomato growing area of the Basilicata region, Lavello (PZ), to determine the separate and integrated effects of UV-reflective mulch (UVRM), Acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard) and insecticides for the management of vectors and diseases on tomato. TSW disease pressure was great during 2005 summer but very low in 2006. Disease incidence was measured as percentages of plants infected with each of the three viruses. Aphid populations were evaluated by counting the number of aphids on sampled tomato shoots on one third of the plants on each plot. Tomato yield was evaluated from one third of the plants on each plot. Statistical analysis (analysis of variance) was performed using the SYSTAT 9 Software. The UVRM alone was effective in reducing disease incidence both for aphids and thrips transmitted viruses. A synergistic effect of Actigard with UVRM was observed against the three viruses. The use of the insecticides resulted in a further reduction in the incidence of the three viral diseases on UVRM, and reduced incidence of diseases caused by CMV and PVY in the black mulch and bare soil plots. The combination of UV-reflective mulch, acibenzolar-S-methyl, and insecticides was the most effective in reducing tomato spotted wilt incidence in tomato. The UV-reflective mulch was very effective in delaying and reducing colonization of aphids and subsequent virus incidence. There was no significant difference in the tomato yield between UVRM and black mulch plots. In contrast, yield was strongly reduced in the bare soil plots. C1 [Fanigliulo, A.; Comes, S.; Pacella, R.; Crescenzia, A.] Univ Basilicata, Dipartimento Biol Difesa & Biotecnol Agroforestal, Viale Ateneo Lucano,Campus Macchia Romana 3A310, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Momol, M. T.; Olson, S. M.] Univ Florida, IFAS, NFREC, Quincy, FL USA. [Reitz, S.] USDA ARS, Tallahassee, FL USA. RP Fanigliulo, A (reprint author), Univ Basilicata, Dipartimento Biol Difesa & Biotecnol Agroforestal, Viale Ateneo Lucano,Campus Macchia Romana 3A310, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. EM crescenzi@unibas.it NR 3 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-711-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 808 BP 387 EP 391 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAR78 UT WOS:000305324000064 ER PT J AU Nerren, JR Swaggerty, CL MacKinnon, KM Genovese, KJ He, HQ Pevzner, I Kogut, MH AF Nerren, Jessica R. Swaggerty, Christina L. MacKinnon, Kathryn M. Genovese, Kenneth J. He, Haiqi Pevzner, Igal Kogut, Michael H. TI Differential mRNA expression of the avian-specific toll-like receptor 15 between heterophils from Salmonella-susceptible and -resistant chickens SO IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE Toll-like receptor; Chicken; Heterophil; Salmonella; mRNA expression; Innate immunity ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; COMMERCIAL BROILER-CHICKENS; GENE-EXPRESSION; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; CYTOKINE; IDENTIFICATION; IMMUNE; ENTERITIDIS; INFECTION; RESPONSES AB Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are essential for recognition of conserved molecular constituents found on infectious microbes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a critical component of the PRR repertoire and are coupled to downstream production of cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides by TLR adaptor proteins. Our laboratory previously demonstrated a role for TLR function in the differential innate response of two lines of chickens to bacterial infections. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the role of TLRs in the differential innate responsiveness by measuring differences between lines A (resistant) and B (susceptible) in heterophil mRNA expression of selected TLRs (TLRs 4, 5, and 15) and TLR adaptor proteins (MyD88, TRIF, and TIRAP) in response to stimulation with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE). Although heterophils from both lines had significantly increased expression of TLR 15 mRNA in response to stimulation with SE, heterophils from chickens resistant to infection with SE had significantly greater levels of TLR 15 mRNA expression prior to and following stimulation with SE than heterophils from chickens susceptible to infection with SE. No significant differences were noted between lines in nonstimulated levels of TIRAP, but upon SE stimulation, line A birds had higher levels of expression than B birds. No significant differences were found in heterophils between lines for mRNA expression of TLRs 4 and 5 nor MyD88 and TRIF. These data indicate that differences in the gene expression of TLR 15 by heterophils likely accounts for some of the observed differences between the lines in their susceptibility to infection. C1 [Nerren, Jessica R.; Swaggerty, Christina L.; MacKinnon, Kathryn M.; Genovese, Kenneth J.; He, Haiqi; Kogut, Michael H.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Pevzner, Igal] Cobb Vantress Inc, Siloam Springs, AR USA. RP Nerren, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM jessica.nerren@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 32 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0093-7711 J9 IMMUNOGENETICS JI Immunogenetics PD JAN PY 2009 VL 61 IS 1 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1007/s00251-008-0340-0 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA 403CV UT WOS:000263060800006 PM 19002681 ER PT S AU King, DA Wheeler, TL Shackelford, SD Koohmaraie, M AF King, D. A. Wheeler, T. L. Shackelford, S. D. Koohmaraie, M. BE Kerry, JP Ledward, D TI Fresh meat texture and tenderness SO IMPROVING THE SENSORY AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF FRESH MEAT SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE genetic markers; management; meat tenderness; prediction ID BEEF LONGISSIMUS TENDERNESS; BRATZLER SHEAR FORCE; USDA QUALITY GRADE; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; POSTMORTEM INJECTION TIME; BOS-TAURUS CATTLE; CALCIUM-CHLORIDE; BIOLOGICAL TYPES; CARCASS TRAITS; PALATABILITY TRAITS AB Strategies to consistently produce tender meat products should help maintain and build consumer confidence. Numerous antemortem and postmortem factors can impact upon tenderness, both positively and negatively. Generally, these effects are mediated through alteration of sarcomere length, postmortem proteolysis, or connective tissue integrity. The interaction of these component traits is complex and muscle dependent. Therefore, antemortem and postmortem management decisions must be made carefully, possibly on a muscle-by-muscle basis. This chapter discusses antemortem and postmortem management strategies that can be used to influence meat tenderness attributes. Additionally, tenderness assessment and prediction are addressed. C1 [King, D. A.; Wheeler, T. L.; Shackelford, S. D.; Koohmaraie, M.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP King, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM andy.king@ars.usda.gov; koohmaraie@email.marc.usda.gov NR 156 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-343-5 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2009 IS 166 BP 61 EP 88 DI 10.1533/9781845695439.1.61 PG 28 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BOG96 UT WOS:000276623700004 ER PT J AU Tatara, RA Rosentrater, KA Suraparaju, S AF Tatara, R. A. Rosentrater, K. A. Suraparaju, S. TI Design properties for molded, corn-based DDGS-filled phenolic resin SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Biofillers; Bioplastics; Mechanical properties; Physical properties; Biodegradability ID MOLDING POWDER; LIGNIN; WOOD AB With the rapid growth in the ethanol fuel industry in recent years, considerable research is being devoted to maximizing the use of processing coproducts, such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), typically for livestock diets. Because these residues contain high fiber levels, they may be amendable to incorporation into polymers as well, which is an option that could garner greater economic returns. Thus, the goal of this study was to demonstrate the viability of using corn-based DDGS as a biofiller with phenolic resin, in order to produce a novel biomaterial. DDGS was blended with phenolic resin at four levels (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%, by weight), and then compression molded at 13.8, 34.5, or 48.3 MPa (1.0, 2.5, or 3.5 tons/in.(2)) and 157, 174, or 191 degrees C (315, 345, or 375 F). Molded specimens were then tested for a variety of mechanical and physical properties. Pressure and temperature each had little effect on the resulting properties. DDGS, on the other hand, greatly influenced all of the properties. Tensile yield strengths ranged from 14.5 MPa (2102 psi) to 4.3 MPa (621 psi), while the Young's modulus ranged from 2296 MPa (333,000 psi) to 841 MPa (122,000 psi) as the DDGS content increased. For all time periods studied, water absorption increased as DDGS level increased. Moreover, as DDGS content increased to a maximum of 75%, biodegradability increased from 0% to 38% while the surface hardness decreased 25%. These results were similar to those from other studies that have investigated biofillers, Follow-up studies should aim to optimize the strength of the DDGS-blended resins through the use of coupling agents or other additives. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved C1 [Tatara, R. A.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Technol, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Rosentrater, K. A.] ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Suraparaju, S.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Mech Engn, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Tatara, RA (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Technol, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM tatara@ceet.niu.edu; krosentr@ngirl.ars.usda.gov; krishnal150@gmail.com OI Rosentrater, Kurt/0000-0003-0131-7037 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service; Department of Technology at Northern Illinois University FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service as well as the Department of Technology at Northern Illinois University. Additionally, the authors would like to thank S.J. Nichols for assistance with the physical property measurements. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 1 BP 9 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.03.002 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 392JN UT WOS:000262299100002 ER PT J AU Kenar, JA Felker, FC Biresaw, G Kurth, TL AF Kenar, James A. Felker, Frederick C. Biresaw, Girma Kurth, Todd L. TI Properties of dry film lubricants prepared by spray application of aqueous starch-oil composites SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Starch; Vegetable oil; Starch-lipid composites; Excess steam jet cooking; Coefficient of friction; Dry-film lubricant; Microscopy ID STEAM JET COOKING AB Aqueous dispersions of starch-soybean oil (SBO) and starch-jojoba oil (JO) composites, prepared by excess steam jet cooking, form effective dry film lubricants when applied as thick coatings to metal surfaces by a doctor blade. This application method necessitates long drying times, is wasteful, requires the addition of sucrose to promote composite adhesion to the metal surface, and restricts the substrate geometry to planar surfaces. These issues represent important barriers to the commercialization of this aqueous biobased dry film lubricant technology. We now report an air-assisted spray method that uses readily available spray equipment to apply aqueous starch-oil composite dispersions as thin coatings (0.15-2.0 mg/cm(2)) to metal surfaces quickly and efficiently. Aqueous dispersions of waxy maize starch-oil composites containing either SBO, JO or hexadecane (HD), having 0.020-31.7 wt% oil relative to starch, were applied by air-assisted spraying and could be dried to the touch in approximately 30s. Additionally, sucrose was found unnecessary for adhesion of the sprayed coatings. Tribological ball-on-flat testing of metal specimens spray coated with starch-SBO, -JO, and -HD composites showed the thin films of starch-SBO and -JO performed better at reducing the coefficient of friction (COF) than the starch-hexadecane composites. A low COF ranging between 0.027 and 0.044 was obtained for the starch-SBO and -JO composites containing 4-5 wt% oil relative to starch. Above 4-5 wt% oil loadings, no further COF reductions were realized. Further results revealed that micrometer-sized oil droplets embedded within the dried starch matrix of the composite film are delivered "on demand". It appears that when pressure is applied to the dry film lubricant, the starch matrix ruptures and releases the entrained oil to the friction surface. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kenar, James A.; Felker, Frederick C.; Biresaw, Girma] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kurth, Todd L.] Goldschmidt Chem Corp, Janesville, WI 53547 USA. RP Kenar, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM jim.Kenar@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 1 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.04.004 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 392JN UT WOS:000262299100006 ER PT J AU Jenderek, MM Dierig, DA Isbell, TA AF Jenderek, M. M. Dierig, D. A. Isbell, T. A. TI Fatty-acid profile of Lesquerella germplasm in the National Plant Germplasm System collection SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Lesquerella; Seed oil; Hydroxy fatty acids profile; Genetic variation; Germplasm evaluation ID SEED OIL; FENDLERI; BRASSICACEAE; TOLERANCE; GROWTH; DATE AB Seeds of Lesquerella (Brassicaceae) contain oil rich in hydroxy fatty acids (HFA) that may be used in several industrial products such as motor oils, greases, plastics, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. One of the most abundant HFA in the seed oil is lesquerolic acid, which is chemically similar to ricinoleic acid from castor (Ricinus communis L.). Hence, lesquerolic oil derived from a domestically grown crop could reduce the import of castor oil. in nature, Lesquerella grows in open and and habitats, and therefore it may be an alternative arid-land crop. Domestication and breeding efforts warranted establishing a Lesquerella germplasm collection by the USDA-ARS, National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS). Seeds of 195 accessions (32 species) from the collection were evaluated for content of four different HFA (lesquerolic, densipolic, auricolic and ricinoleic) and seven other fatty acids (palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linolenic, linoleic and arachidic) by gas chromatography. The highest content of lesquerolic acid (C20:1 OH) was found in seeds of L. pallida and L. lindheimeri (average of >80%); the highest content of densipolic acid (C18:2 OH) was in seeds of L. perforata, L. stonensis, L. densipila, L. lyrata and L. lescurii (average>40%); the highest content of auricolic acid (C20:2 OH) was in L. auriculata and L. densiflora (average>30%), and the highest ricinoleic acid (C18:1 OH) content was in seeds of L. densipila, L. lescurii, L. lyrata and L. perforata (>10%). The highest percentages of the seven other fatty acids evaluated were oleic 23.8 (L. lasiocarpa), linoleic 18.7 (L. ludoviciana), linolenic 11.4 (L. cinerea), stearic 4.9 (L. densiflora), palmitic 4.7 (L. stoniensis), palmitoleic 2.8 (L. angustifolia), and arachidic 1.7% (L. gordonii and L. gracilis). Fatty-acid composition varied across species and accessions, and was likely influenced by the location and year the seeds were harvested, and by seed color. The NPGS Lesquerella collection could potentially serve as a valuable source of germplasm for the crop improvement. Published by Elsevier B.V C1 [Jenderek, M. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Dierig, D. A.] USDA ARS, US Arid Lands Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Isbell, T. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jenderek, MM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 South Mason, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM maria.jenderek@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 1 BP 154 EP 164 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.04.019 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 392JN UT WOS:000262299100021 ER PT J AU Evangelista, RL AF Evangelista, Roque L. TI Oil extraction from lesquerella seeds by dry extrusion and expelling SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Lesquerella oil; Oil extraction; Extrusion; Expelling ID RAPESEED AB Whole lesquerella seeds with 6% (as is) and 12% moisture content (MC) were extruded at different residence times by varying screw speeds and feed rates. The temperature of the extrudate was recorded and its MC was determined. The extent of seed cooking was evaluated by measuring the protein solubility and thioglucosidase (TGSase) activity in the extrudate. Uncooked whole seeds (UWS), whole seeds cooked in seed cooker (CWS), and extrusion-cooked seeds (ECS) were screw pressed and the crude oils were analyzed for foots, free fatty acid (FFA), phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. The screw speed and feed rates employed resulted in residence times ranging from 22 to 110 s. The corresponding exit temperatures of the extrudates ranged from 88 to 143 degrees C. Seeds with 6% initial MC dried to 4.3% at extrudate temperatures <= 125 degrees C regardless of residence time, while seeds with 12% initial MC came out at 7-9% MC, Extruding seeds with 6 and 12% starting MC for 34 and 41 s, respectively, provided the same degree of cooking as that of 12% MC CWS. All CWS and ECS tested negative for TGSase activity. ECS with 6% initial MC generated much higher foots (6.4-9.4%) in the oil compared with that of the 12% MC ECS (1-1.7%). The crude oils from CWS had the lowest FFA content at 1.25%. Crude oils from UWS and ECS had FFA ranging from 1.4-2.8%. The crude oil from 12% MC CWS had 374 ppm sulfur which was 3-8 x higher than what were found in crude oils from 6% MC CWS and ECS. The highest P (23ppm), Ca (14 ppm), and Mg (6 ppm) levels in the crude oil were from 12% MC CWS, which were comparable to total degummed oils. An 81% oil recovery from 6% MC ECS (22 s residence time) was obtained at 19 rpm expeller screw speed. Increasing the expeller's screw speed from 19 to 37 rpm decreased the oil recovery by 0.2%/rpm, increased the throughput by 3.3 kg/rpm from 70 to 130 kg/h, and reduced the press load from 91 to 67%. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Evangelista, RL (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Roque.Evangelista@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 1 BP 189 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.04.024 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 392JN UT WOS:000262299100026 ER PT J AU Cermak, SC Isbell, TA AF Cermak, Steven C. Isbell, Terry A. TI Synthesis and physical properties of mono-estolides with varying chain lengths SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Cloud point; Distillation; Estolides; Pour point; Saturate; Viscosity ID ACID-CATALYZED CONDENSATION; FATTY-ACIDS; TRIGLYCERIDE ESTOLIDES; 2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTERS; CASTOR OILS; OLEIC-ACID; LESQUERELLA AB Saturated mono-estolide methyl esters and enriched saturated mono-estolide 2-EH esters were synthesized from oleic and different saturated fatty acids under three different synthetic routes. Estolide numbers (EN), the average number of fatty acid units added to a base fatty acid, varied with synthetic conditions. The attempts at obtaining saturated mono-estolide 2-EH esters, EN = 1, via distillation proved to be challenging, which lead to estolide samples with EN > 1 and the pour point values followed the same trend as the high EN estolides. The other synthetic routes provided saturated mono-estolide methyl esters with EN = 1. The resulting pour point values showed a linear relationship between the saturated capping chain length and pour point. As the saturated capping chain length increased the pour points also increased (higher temperatures): C-2 capped -30 degrees C, C-10 capped -12 degrees C, and C-18 capped 3 degrees C. The saturated mono-estolide methyl ester viscosities also showed an increase in viscosity at 40 and 100 degrees C as the saturated chain lengths increased. The viscosities for the C-4 saturated mono-estolide methyl ester was 9.S cSt at 40 degrees C and 2.6 cSt at 100 degrees C, while medium chain length derivations (C-10 saturated mono-estolide methyl ester) were 19.7 cSt at 40 degrees C and 4.2 cSt at 100 degrees C, and at the longer chain length derivations (C-18 mono-estolide methyl esters) were 27.6 cSt at 40 degrees C and 10.7 cSt at 100 degrees C. In general, a new series of saturated oleic mono-estolide methyl esters were synthesized and physical properties were collected. The physical property data indicated that both chain length and EN affect low temperature properties. Published by Elsevier B.V C1 [Cermak, Steven C.; Isbell, Terry A.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, New Crops & Proc Technol Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Cermak, SC (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, New Crops & Proc Technol Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Steven.Cermak@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 1 BP 205 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.05.001 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 392JN UT WOS:000262299100028 ER PT J AU Coffelt, TA Nakayama, FS Ray, DT Cornish, K McMahan, CM Williams, CF AF Coffelt, T. A. Nakayama, F. S. Ray, D. T. Cornish, K. McMahan, C. M. Williams, C. F. TI Plant population, planting date, and germplasm effects on guayule latex, rubber, and resin yields SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Plant population; Planting date; Germplasm; Latex; Rubber; Resin; Yield; Parthenium argentatum; Guayule; Agronomic practices ID PARTHENIUM-ARGENTATUM; IGE ANTIBODIES AB Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a perennial shrub native to the Chihuahuan Desert. While guayule traditionally has been cultivated for rubber, more recently it is being cultivated for its hypoallergenic latex. Other uses including termite resistant wood products and an energy source have also been identified. However, the effects of various agronomic practices, such as planting and harvesting dates, plant spacing, cutting height and frequency, irrigation frequency, and herbicide application, on latex concentration and yield of newly developed germplasm have not been reported. The objectives of this study were to determine the yield and concentration of latex, rubber, and resin of four guayule lines planted at two populations and two planting dates. Four guayule lines (AZ-1, AZ-3, AZ-5, and 11591) were transplanted at two dates (28 November 2000 and 7 June 2001) and two plant populations (27,000 and 54,000 plants ha(-1)). Treatments were replicated four times. Each treatment plot was subdivided into six subplots for harvesting at 6-month intervals beginning 1 year after transplanting. Results showed that transplanting date did not affect plant size or latex concentration or yield consistently. Instead, it appeared that the time of harvest (fall vs. spring) was more important. The sixth (last harvest) in the fall planting date and the fifth harvest date in the spring planting date were the optimum for plant biomass and latex, rubber, and resin concentrations and yields. The lines AZ-1 and AZ-3 were larger, whereas AZ-5 had higher latex and rubber concentrations than the control, 11591. The greater plant population (54,000 plants ha(-1)) had higher biomass, rubber, and resin yields than the lower population (27,000 plants ha(-1)) at the early harvest dates, but not at the later harvest dates (5 and 6). More studies must to be conducted to determine the optimum plant population and transplanting date for other newly developed guayule germplasm lines. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Coffelt, T. A.; Nakayama, F. S.; Williams, C. F.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Ray, D. T.] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Cornish, K.] Yulex Corp, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [McMahan, C. M.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Coffelt, TA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. EM terry.coffelt@uswcl.ars.ag.gov RI McMahan, Colleen/B-2205-2009 FU Fund for Rural America [97-36200:FRS306180]; Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems [00-52104-9660] FX The authors thank Amy Clark, Maureen Jacobs, Marcal H. A. Jorge, Greg Leake, Melinda Main, Ghislaine Majeau, Valerie Teetor, Maren Veatch-Blohm, Stephen Vinyard, Cynthia Walker, and Elisabeth Wittenberg for technical assistance. The research was supported in part by a grant from the Fund for Rural America #97-36200:FRS306180 and a grant from the Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems #00-52104-9660. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 1 BP 255 EP 260 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.05.010 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 392JN UT WOS:000262299100035 ER PT J AU Ueti, MW Knowles, DP Davitt, CM Scoles, GA Baszler, TV Palmer, GH AF Ueti, Massaro W. Knowles, Donald P. Davitt, Christine M. Scoles, Glen A. Baszler, Timothy V. Palmer, Guy H. TI Quantitative Differences in Salivary Pathogen Load during Tick Transmission Underlie Strain-Specific Variation in Transmission Efficiency of Anaplasma marginale SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID DERMACENTOR-ANDERSONI STILES; MAJOR SURFACE PROTEIN-2; BORNE TRANSMISSION; MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION; BIOLOGICAL TRANSMISSION; IXODIDAE; ACARI; RICKETTSIALES; SUPERINFECTION; CONSERVATION AB The relative fitness of arthropod-borne pathogens within the vector can be a major determinant of pathogen prevalence within the mammalian host population. Strains of the tick-borne rickettsia Anaplasma marginale differ markedly in transmission efficiency, with a consequent impact on pathogen strain structure. We have identified two A. marginale strains with significant differences in the transmission phenotype that is effected following infection of the salivary gland. We have proposed competing hypotheses to explain the phenotypes: (i) both strains are secreted equally, but there is an intrinsic difference in infectivity for the mammalian host, or (ii) one strain is secreted at a significantly higher level and thus represents delivery of a greater pathogen dose. Quantitative analysis of pathogen replication and secretion revealed that the high-efficiency St. Maries strain replicated to a 10-fold-higher titer and that a significantly greater percentage of infected ticks secreted A. marginale into the saliva and did so at a significantly higher level than for the low-efficiency Israel vaccine strain. Furthermore, the transmission phenotype of the vaccine strain could be restored to that of the St. Maries strain simply by increasing the delivered pathogen dose, either by direct inoculation of salivary gland organisms or by increasing the number of ticks during transmission feeding. We identified morphological differences in the colonization of each strain within the salivary glands and propose that these reflect strain-specific differences in replication and secretion pathways linked to the vector-pathogen interaction. C1 [Ueti, Massaro W.; Knowles, Donald P.; Baszler, Timothy V.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ueti, Massaro W.; Knowles, Donald P.; Baszler, Timothy V.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Knowles, Donald P.; Scoles, Glen A.] USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Davitt, Christine M.] Washington State Univ, Franceschi Microscopy & Imaging Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Ueti, MW (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM massaro@vetmed.wsu.edu FU NIH [AI44005, T32 AI007025]; BARD [US3315-02C]; USDA [ARS-CRIS 5348-32000-027-00D]; The Welcome Trust [GR075800M] FX This work was supported by NIH grant AI44005, BARD grant US3315-02C, USDA grant ARS-CRIS 5348-32000-027-00D, and The Welcome Trust grant GR075800M. Massaro Ueti was supported by NIH grant T32 AI007025. NR 26 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 77 IS 1 BP 70 EP 75 DI 10.1128/IAI.01164-08 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 399BT UT WOS:000262776100006 PM 18955472 ER PT J AU Almendra, C Silva, TL Beja-Pereira, A Ferreira, AC Ferrao-Beck, L de Sa, MIC Bricker, BJ Luikart, G AF Almendra, Claudia Silva, Teresa Luisa Beja-Pereira, Albano Ferreira, Ana Cristina Ferrao-Beck, Lenia Correa de Sa, Maria Inacia Bricker, Betsy J. Luikart, Gordon TI "HOOF-Print" genotyping and haplotype inference discriminates among Brucella spp. isolates from a small spatial scale SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Brucella spp.; HOOF-print assay; Genotyping analysis; Gametic disequilibrium; Biovar discrimination; Population genetics ID UNITED-STATES; IDENTIFICATION; ABORTUS AB We demonstrate that the "HOOF-Print" assay provides high power to discriminate among Brucella isolates collected oil a small spatial scale (within Portugal). Additionally, we illustrate how haplotype identification using non-random association among markers allows resolution of B. melitensis biovars (1 and 3). We recommend that future studies use haplotype identification when analyzing multilocus Population genetic data to help discriminate among microbial isolates such as Brucella. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Almendra, Claudia; Silva, Teresa Luisa; Beja-Pereira, Albano; Luikart, Gordon] Univ Porto, CIBIO, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. [Almendra, Claudia] Univ Porto, ICBAS, Inst Ciencias Biomed, P-4099003 Oporto, Portugal. [Ferreira, Ana Cristina; Ferrao-Beck, Lenia; Correa de Sa, Maria Inacia] LNIV, P-1549011 Lisbon, Portugal. [Bricker, Betsy J.] Agr Res Serv, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, NADC, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Almendra, C (reprint author), Univ Porto, CIBIO, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, Campus Agr Vairao, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. EM claudia_almendra@mail.icav.up.pt RI Beja-Pereira, Albano/B-3681-2008; Silva, Teresa Luisa/L-7902-2013; OI Beja-Pereira, Albano/0000-0002-1607-7382; Silva, Teresa Luisa/0000-0002-6868-7035; Luikart, Gordon/0000-0001-8697-0582 FU Science and Technology Foundation [SFRH/BD30737/2006, SFRH/BPD/17822/2004]; Luso-American Foundation for Development (FLAD),; CIBO-UP; University of Montana; FCT [POCI/CVT/56758/2004, PTDC/CVT/69438/2006] FX CA, ABP and TLS are Supported by national grants from Science and Technology Foundation (FCT; SFRH/BD30737/2006; SFRH/BPD/17822/2004) and GL Supported by the Luso-American Foundation for Development (FLAD), CIBO-UP and the University of Montana. This work was partially financed by a project grant from FCT POCI/CVT/56758/2004 and PTDC/CVT/69438/2006). NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 104 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2008.10.007 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 400AM UT WOS:000262840400012 PM 19022402 ER PT J AU Stock, SP Vandenberg, J Boemare, N Glazer, I AF Stock, S. Patricia Vandenberg, John Boemare, Noel Glazer, Itamar BE Stock, SP Vanderberg, J Boemare, N Glazer, I TI INSECT PATHOGENS Molecular Approaches and Techniques Preface SO INSECT PATHOGENS: MOLECULAR APPROACHES AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Stock, S. Patricia] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Vandenberg, John] ARS, USDA, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Boemare, Noel] Univ Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier, France. [Glazer, Itamar] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Stock, SP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-478-1 PY 2009 BP XIII EP XIV D2 10.1079/9781845934781.0000 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Entomology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Microbiology GA BVY68 UT WOS:000293167700001 ER PT J AU Castrillo, LA Humber, RA AF Castrillo, L. A. Humber, R. A. BE Stock, SP Vanderberg, J Boemare, N Glazer, I TI Molecular Methods for Identification and Diagnosis of Fungi SO INSECT PATHOGENS: MOLECULAR APPROACHES AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; REAL-TIME PCR; RNA GENE-COMPLEX; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; ENTOMOPHAGA-MAIMAIGA; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; ELECTROPHORETIC KARYOTYPE; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; POPULATION-GENETICS C1 [Castrillo, L. A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Humber, R. A.] ARS, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Castrillo, LA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-478-1 PY 2009 BP 50 EP 70 DI 10.1079/9781845934781.0050 D2 10.1079/9781845934781.0000 PG 21 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Entomology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Microbiology GA BVY68 UT WOS:000293167700004 ER PT J AU Rehner, SA AF Rehner, S. A. BE Stock, SP Vanderberg, J Boemare, N Glazer, I TI Molecular Systematics of Entomopathogenic Fungi SO INSECT PATHOGENS: MOLECULAR APPROACHES AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RIBOSOMAL DNA-SEQUENCES; PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES RECOGNITION; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; CRYPTIC SPECIATION; GENE GENEALOGIES; CONGRUENT EVIDENCE; MODEL EUKARYOTE; NORTH-AMERICA; EVOLUTION C1 ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rehner, SA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 121 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-478-1 PY 2009 BP 145 EP 165 DI 10.1079/9781845934781.0145 D2 10.1079/9781845934781.0000 PG 21 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Entomology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Microbiology GA BVY68 UT WOS:000293167700008 ER PT B AU McIntosh, AH Grasela, JJ AF McIntosh, Arthur H. Grasela, James J. BE Connell, CI Ralston, DP TI Early Detection of Baculovirus Expression and Infection in Lepidopteran Larvae Fed Occlusion Bodies of an AcMNPV Recombinant Carrying a Red Fluorescent Protein Gene SO INSECT VIRUSES: DETECTION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ROLES SE Virology Research Progress LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; INSECT; NEUROTOXIN; VECTORS; LINES AB A method was devised utilizing a baculovirus recombinant (AcMNPV hsp70Red) carrying a red fluorescent protein (RFP) gene under the early heat shock promoter (hsp70) to assess potential infectivity of larvae fed occlusion bodies. A time study was employed whereby first and third instars of Trichoplusia ni, Heliothis subflexa and Helicoverpa zea could be followed for red fluorescence under a UV-light inverted microscope at various time intervals following diet surface feeding of recombinant occlusion bodies. Larvae of T ni and H. subflexa that are permissive to AcMNPV showed 100 % fluorescence by 24h and 36h respectively for 1(st) instars exposed to 1 x 10(5) OB. Even when the concentration of OB was reduced 100 fold to 1 x 10(3) OB, 94%-100% fluorescence was observed by 24h post feeding. H. zea which is less permissive to AcMNPV than T ni and H. subflexa and when 1(st) instars were fed 1 x 10(5) OB showed 100% red fluorescence at 48h post exposure as contrasted with 86%-90% fluorescence at the 96h exposure period for the lower dose of 1 x 10(3) OB. T. ni and H. subflexa third instars fed 1 x 10(5) OB gave 100% fluorescence between 24h (T.ni) and 36h- 72h (H. subflexa) post exposure whereas at the lower dose of 1 x 10(3) OB 100% fluorescence was achieved between 24h-72h post exposure. Third instar H. zea larvae fed both doses did not attain 100% fluorescence. All larvae of each species that gave 100% fluorescence resulted in 100% mortality. Fluorescent fifty (FL(50)) values, the time taken to attain 50% fluorescence of exposed larvae, were calculated for all categories. T ni gave the shortest times for both 1(st) (FL(50) = 12.8h) and 3(rd) instar (FL(50) = 16.0h) at the OB dose of 1 x 10(5) followed by H. subflexa and H. zea. The same pattern was observed at the lower OB dose of 1 X 10(3). C1 [McIntosh, Arthur H.; Grasela, James J.] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. RP McIntosh, AH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, 1503 S Providence Rd,Res Pk, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM mcintosha@missouri.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60692-965-0 J9 VIROL RES PROG PY 2009 BP 147 EP 155 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BKU47 UT WOS:000269270000008 ER PT J AU Wraight, SP Hajek, AE AF Wraight, Stephen P. Hajek, Ann E. BE Radcliffe, EB Hutchison, WD Cancelado, RE TI Manipulation of arthropod pathogens for IPM SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS, TACTICS, STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POTATO BEETLE COLEOPTERA; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; MICROBIAL CONTROL; INSECT PATHOGEN; LEPIDOPTERA; CHRYSOMELIDAE; FLAVOVIRIDE C1 [Wraight, Stephen P.] ARS, USDA, Plant Protect Res Unit, Washington, DC USA. [Hajek, Ann E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Wraight, SP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Protect Res Unit, Washington, DC USA. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87595-0 PY 2009 BP 131 EP 150 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BDH31 UT WOS:000313252200014 ER PT J AU Prasifka, JR Hellmich, RL Weiss, MJ AF Prasifka, Jarrad R. Hellmich, Richard L. Weiss, Michael J. BE Radcliffe, EB Hutchison, WD Cancelado, RE TI Role of biotechnology in sustainable agriculture SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS, TACTICS, STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENETICALLY-MODIFIED COTTON; HERBICIDE-TOLERANT CROPS; CORN-ROOTWORM COLEOPTERA; FARM-SCALE EVALUATIONS; TRANSGENIC BT COTTON; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT; SOCIAL-CONSEQUENCES; INSECT RESISTANCE; WEED MANAGEMENT C1 [Prasifka, Jarrad R.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genome Biol, Energy Biosyst Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hellmich, Richard L.] ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Weiss, Michael J.] Golden Harvest Seeds, Decorah, IA USA. RP Prasifka, JR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Inst Genome Biol, Energy Biosyst Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87595-0 PY 2009 BP 260 EP 272 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BDH31 UT WOS:000313252200023 ER PT J AU Walters, ML Sequeira, R Staten, R El-Lissy, O Moses-Gonzales, N AF Walters, Michelle L. Sequeira, Ron Staten, Robert El-Lissy, Osama Moses-Gonzales, Nathan BE Radcliffe, EB Hutchison, WD Cancelado, RE TI Eradication: strategies and tactics SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS, TACTICS, STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BOLL-WEEVIL; BIOLOGY C1 [Walters, Michelle L.; Staten, Robert; Moses-Gonzales, Nathan] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Phoenix, AZ USA. [El-Lissy, Osama] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Riverdale, MD USA. RP Walters, ML (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Phoenix, AZ USA. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87595-0 PY 2009 BP 298 EP 308 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BDH31 UT WOS:000313252200026 ER PT J AU Vincent, C Weintraub, PG Hallman, GJ Fleurat-Lessard, F AF Vincent, Charles Weintraub, Phyllis G. Hallman, Guy J. Fleurat-Lessard, Francis BE Radcliffe, EB Hutchison, WD Cancelado, RE TI Insect management with physical methods in pre- and post-harvest situations SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS, TACTICS, STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PARTICLE FILMS; STORED-PRODUCT; PESTS; LEPIDOPTERA; SYSTEM; APPLE; GRAIN; SOIL; SOLARIZATION; SUPPRESSION C1 [Vincent, Charles] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Hort Res & Dev Ctr, St Jean, PQ, Canada. [Weintraub, Phyllis G.] Agr Res Org, Gilat Res Ctr, Dn Negev, Israel. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. [Fleurat-Lessard, Francis] INRA, Lab Postharvest Biol & Technol, Villenave Dornon, France. RP Vincent, C (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Hort Res & Dev Ctr, St Jean, PQ, Canada. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87595-0 PY 2009 BP 309 EP 323 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BDH31 UT WOS:000313252200027 ER PT B AU Naranjo, SE Luttrell, RG AF Naranjo, Steven E. Luttrell, Randall G. BE Radcliffe, EB Hutchison, WD Cancelado, RE TI Cotton arthropod IPM SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS, TACTICS, STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INTEGRATED PEST-MANAGEMENT; BEMISIA-TABACI; NATURAL ENEMIES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; FIELD POPULATIONS; TRANSGENIC CROPS; ARKANSAS COTTON; UNITED-STATES; BT CROPS; RESISTANCE C1 [Naranjo, Steven E.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Luttrell, Randall G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Entomol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Naranjo, SE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. NR 96 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87595-0; 978-0-521-69931-0 PY 2009 BP 324 EP 340 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BDH31 UT WOS:000313252200028 ER PT J AU Lee, RF AF Lee, Richard F. BE Radcliffe, EB Hutchison, WD Cancelado, RE TI Citrus IPM SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS, TACTICS, STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TRISTEZA-VIRUS; XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; APHID TRANSMISSION; DISEASE; STRAINS; BRAZIL C1 ARS, USDA, Germplasm Resources Informat Network, Riverside, CA USA. RP Lee, RF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Germplasm Resources Informat Network, Riverside, CA USA. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87595-0 PY 2009 BP 341 EP 353 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BDH31 UT WOS:000313252200029 ER PT B AU Oi, DH Drees, BM AF Oi, David H. Drees, Bastiaan (Bart) M. BE Radcliffe, EB Hutchison, WD Cancelado, RE TI Fire ant IPM SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS, TACTICS, STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; TOXICITY; BIOLOGY; FLIES; MIREX; BAITS C1 [Oi, David H.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Drees, Bastiaan (Bart) M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Oi, DH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87595-0; 978-0-521-69931-0 PY 2009 BP 390 EP 401 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BDH31 UT WOS:000313252200033 ER PT J AU McManus, ML Liebhold, AM AF McManus, Michael L. Liebhold, Andrew M. BE Radcliffe, EB Hutchison, WD Cancelado, RE TI Gypsy moth IPM SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS, TACTICS, STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INSECT OUTBREAKS; NORTH-AMERICA; LYMANTRIIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; ERADICATION; DEFOLIATION; DYNAMICS; SPREAD; MODEL C1 [McManus, Michael L.] US Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Hamden, CT USA. [Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, NE Area, Morgantown, WV USA. RP McManus, ML (reprint author), US Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Hamden, CT USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87595-0 PY 2009 BP 414 EP 423 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BDH31 UT WOS:000313252200035 ER PT J AU Venette, RC Koch, RL AF Venette, Robert C. Koch, Robert L. BE Radcliffe, EB Hutchison, WD Cancelado, RE TI IPM for invasive species SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS, TACTICS, STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PEST-MANAGEMENT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ERADICATION; STRATEGIES; ESTABLISHMENT; LEPIDOPTERA; IMPORTATION; DISEASE C1 [Venette, Robert C.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Koch, Robert L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN USA. RP Venette, RC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87595-0 PY 2009 BP 424 EP 436 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BDH31 UT WOS:000313252200036 ER PT J AU Coble, HD Ortman, EE AF Coble, Harold D. Ortman, Eldon E. BE Radcliffe, EB Hutchison, WD Cancelado, RE TI The USA National IPM Road Map SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS, TACTICS, STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Coble, Harold D.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, Off Pest Management Policy, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ortman, Eldon E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Coble, HD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA, Off Pest Management Policy, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-87595-0 PY 2009 BP 471 EP 478 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BDH31 UT WOS:000313252200040 ER PT J AU Drew, AP Boley, JD Zhao, YH Johnston, MH Wadsworth, FH AF Drew, Allan P. Boley, Jeremy D. Zhao, Yinghao Johnston, Mark H. Wadsworth, Frank H. TI SIXTY-TWO YEARS OF CHANGE IN SUBTROPICAL WET FOREST STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION AT EL VERDE, PUERTO RICO SO INTERCIENCIA LA English DT Article DE Dacryodes-Sloanea; El Verde; Hurricanes; Long Term Monitoring; Subtropical Wet Forest ID TROPICAL RAIN-FORESTS; LUQUILLO MOUNTAINS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; THINNING CANOPY; NICARAGUA; DISTURBANCE; HYPOTHESIS; SUCCESSION; DYNAMICS; GROWTH AB A plot established in 1943 in a subtropical wet forest at the Luquillo Experimental Forest of Puerto Rico has been assessed periodically for changes in species and size of all trees > 4cm diameter Forest dynamics on a 0.72ha plot (EV-3) at 400masl at El Verde show recovery principally from hurricanes of 1928 and 1932, timber stand improvement in 1958, and from Hurricanes Hugo and Georges in 1989 and 1998. Damage from Hurricane Hugo only temporarily slowed above-ground biomass accretion of the developing forest. Stand increases in basal area and biomass continue to be due principally to growth of the dominant overstory species, Dacryodes excelsa and Manilkara bidentata, ingrowth of which was stimulated by Hugo. The pioneer species Cecropia schreberiana filled gaps abundantly following the Hurricane and the understory tree Psychotria berteriana proliferated. Ingrowth of Prestoea montana has been greater than for all other species since 1976 and was stimulated by Hugo and Georges as well as prior hurricanes, so that by 2005 it was the most abundant species. Hurricane Hugo caused low mortality among the largest trees on the plot. As a few species have become more dominant species evenness has declined. Species richness is only slightly greater today than in 1943. Results are discussed in terms of "building" and "thinning" phases associated with mayor hurricanes. Hurricanes have stimulated the addition of species to the forest in "building years," but have maintained that richness in the intervening "thinning years", lending credence to the "intermediate disturbance hypothesis". C1 [Drew, Allan P.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, New York, NY USA. [Johnston, Mark H.] Saskatchewan Res Council, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Wadsworth, Frank H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rio Piedras, PR USA. RP Drew, AP (reprint author), 320 Bray Hall,1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM apdrew@syr.edu; jboley@fs.fed.us; ao8586@wayne.edu; johnston@src.sk.ca; fwadsworth@hotmail.com FU IITF [05-DG-11120101-016] FX The 1988 assessment was made possible through funding provided by the Edna Bailey Sussman and SUNY-ESF Farns-worth Funds. The Institute of Tropical Forestry provided assistance through Fred Scatena and Director Ariel Lugo. Carlos Rivera assisted with plant identification and field data collection and Alejo Estrada-Pinto supported field work through his efforts as Manager of El Verde Field Station. Salvador E. Alemany International Institute of Tropical Forestry (IITF), conducted the 1993 assessment of EV-3. IITF provided funds (Cooperative Agreement N degrees IITF-98-CA-008) to complete the 1998 field studies on EV-3 and Jill Thompson, former Director of the Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot, helped Y Zhao with continuity of data records and manuscript review. IITF provided funds (Grant 05-DG-11120101-016) to complete the 2005 assessment of EV-3. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU INTERCIENCIA PI CARACAS PA APARTADO 51842, CARACAS 1050A, VENEZUELA SN 0378-1844 J9 INTERCIENCIA JI Interciencia PD JAN PY 2009 VL 34 IS 1 BP 34 EP 40 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 434FZ UT WOS:000265261900005 ER PT J AU Pachepsky, L Ferreyra, RA Sadeghi, A AF Pachepsky, L. Ferreyra, R. Andres Sadeghi, A. TI Pima cotton leaf transpiration analysis using the WALL model that accounts for liquid water movement SO INTERNATIONAL AGROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Gossipium barbadense L.; cuticular transpiration; mesophyll cell walls; electric analogy; the WALL model ID HIRSUTUM-L LEAF; CUTICULAR TRANSPIRATION; GOSSYPIUM-BARBADENSE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; INTERNAL CUTICLE; HEAT-RESISTANCE; LEAVES; PLANTS; PERMEABILITY; MEMBRANES AB Leaf transpiration of eight genotypes of Pima cotton was measured in the field of the Maricopa Agricultural Center in August 1994. Photomicrographs of leaf cross-sections and of the leaf surfaces were scanned and analyzed with the image analysis software. The data were used to parameterize the new WALL model, developed in this study to analyze the leaf transpiration with a special emphasis to liquid water movement inside the leaf. The transpiration stream was assumed to go from vein endings in two directions, towards the upper and lower leaf surfaces. These fluxes were presented as two parallel currents driven by the water vapour concentration difference between the atmosphere and the open surface of the vein endings and on the mesophyll and epidermis (inner parts) cells' surfaces as a flow in thin films of water. Simulations were run to estimate quantitatively the contribution of the cuticular transpiration to the total amount of leaf transpiration stream, to evaluate the role of the mesophyll cell walls' surfaces in the water transfer inside the leaf, and to calculate the dependence of transpiration and its components on temperature. Simulation results showed (1) a major role of the cuticular transpiration as a leaf cooling mechanism and (2) that the cell wall properties can affect water film characteristics that also affect the transpiration course. C1 [Pachepsky, L.; Sadeghi, A.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ferreyra, R. Andres] Ag Connect Inc, Murray, KY 42071 USA. RP Pachepsky, L (reprint author), ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,BARC W,Bldg 007, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Luda.Pachepsky@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 12 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES PI LUBLIN PA INST AGROPHYSICS, DOSWIADCZALNA 4, LUBLIN, 20-290, POLAND SN 0236-8722 J9 INT AGROPHYS JI Int. Agrophys. PY 2009 VL 23 IS 4 BP 367 EP 376 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 538XZ UT WOS:000273219000008 ER PT J AU Arango, RA Lebow, PK Green, F AF Arango, Rachel A. Lebow, Patricia K. Green, Frederick, III TI Correlation between oxalic acid production and tolerance of Tyromyces palustris strain TYP-6137 to N ',N-naphthaloylhydroxamine SO INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE N ',N-Naphthaloylhydroxamine (NHA); Oxalic acid; Tyromyces palustris; Strain variation; Preservative tolerance ID BROWN-ROT FUNGI; SERPULA-LACRYMANS; COPPER TOLERANCE; SOUTHERN PINE; WOOD; DECAY; PRESERVATIVES; GROWTH AB Eleven strains of T palustris were evaluated for mass loss and production of phosphate buffer soluble oxalic acid on pine wood blocks treated with 0.5% N',N-naphthaloylhydroxamine (NHA) in a soil-block test. After 12 weeks higher percentage mass loss was observed in control groups for 10 strains, while TYP-6137 was shown to be tolerant with no difference between the untreated controls and 0.5% NHA-treated blocks. Strain TYP-6137 was evaluated at 6, 8, and 10 weeks for mass loss and production of oxalic acid in a colorimetric assay with increasing levels of NHA treatment (0.5-1%). Tyromyces palustris TYP-6137 was shown to be successful in degrading NHA-treated wood in the 0.5-0.8% treatment range, but was inhibited in the 0.9-1% treated groups. Although there is no simple linear correlation between mass loss and production of oxalic acid, there was an inverse relationship at the 6-week time period. Thus, it was concluded that production of oxalic acid in T palustris TYP-6137 at 6 weeks may facilitate mass loss at 8-10 weeks in the 0.5-0.8% NHA-treated blocks. In the 0.9-1% treatment groups this response was not seen. The broad variation seen in oxalic acid production among the 11 T palustris strains suggests that high oxalic acid production alone is not the sole mechanism of NHA tolerance. Oxalic acid appears to be non-specifically produced in response to the preservative treatment, yet its association with mass loss could not be clearly defined. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Arango, Rachel A.; Lebow, Patricia K.; Green, Frederick, III] Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Green, F (reprint author), Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM rarango@fs.fed.us; plebow@fs.fed.us; fgreen@fs.fed.us NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0964-8305 J9 INT BIODETER BIODEGR JI Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 63 IS 1 BP 46 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.ibiod.2008.05.006 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 404IK UT WOS:000263144800008 ER PT J AU Patel, N Kreider, T Urban, JF Gause, WC AF Patel, Nirav Kreider, Timothy Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Gause, William C. TI Characterisation of effector mechanisms at the host:parasite interface during the immune response to tissue-dwelling intestinal nematode parasites SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Parasite; Inflammation; Immune; Intestinal; Nematode; Th2 ID HOST PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; MAST-CELL PROTEASE-1; ALTERNATIVELY ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES; LARVAL STRONGYLOIDES-STERCORALIS; EOSINOPHIL CHEMOTACTIC CYTOKINE; TRICHINELLA-SPIRALIS INFECTION; THYMIC STROMAL LYMPHOPOIETIN; HUMAN MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; REGULATORY T-CELLS; TRICHURIS-MURIS AB The protective immune response that develops following infection with many tissue-dwelling intestinal nematode parasites is characterised by elevations in IL-4 and IL-13 and increased numbers of CD4+ T cells, granulocytes and macrophages. These cells accumulate at the site of infection and in many cases can mediate resistance to these large multicellular pathogens. Recent studies suggest novel potential mechanisms mediated by these immune cell populations through their differential activation and ability to stimulate production of novel effector molecules. These newly discovered protective mechanisms may provide novel strategies to develop immunotherapies and vaccines against this group of pathogens. in this review, we will examine recent studies elucidating mechanisms of host protection against three widely-used experimental murine models of tissue-dwelling intestinal nematode parasites: Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Trichuris muris and Trichinella spiralis. (C) 2008 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Patel, Nirav; Kreider, Timothy; Gause, William C.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gause, WC (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, MSB F639,185 S Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. EM gausewc@umdnj.edu OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI031678-12, R01 AI066188-04, R01 AI066188-03, R01 AI066188, R01 AI031678-14, R01 AI031678-13, R01 AI066188-05, R01 AI031678] NR 107 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 39 IS 1 BP 13 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2008.08.003 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 398MA UT WOS:000262735000002 PM 18804113 ER PT J AU Jiang, ZH Michal, JJ Chen, J Daniels, TF Kunej, T Garcia, MD Gaskins, CT Busboom, JR Alexander, LJ Wright, RW MacNeil, MD AF Jiang, Zhihua Michal, Jennifer J. Chen, Jie Daniels, Tyler F. Kunej, Tanja Garcia, Matthew D. Gaskins, Charles T. Busboom, Jan R. Alexander, Leeson J. Wright, Raymond W., Jr. MacNeil, Michael D. TI Discovery of novel genetic networks associated with 19 economically important traits in beef cattle SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Quantitative traits; quantitative trait modes; genetic networks; beef cattle ID LIMOUSIN F-2 POPULATION; SUBCUTANEOUS FAT DEPTH; BRATZLER SHEAR FORCE; ACID-COMPOSITION; CALPASTATIN GENE; CANDIDATE GENE; MEAT; POLYMORPHISMS; CARCASS; PROTEIN AB Quantitative or complex traits are determined by the combined effects of many loci, and are affected by genetic networks or molecular pathways. In the present study, we genotyped a total of 138 mutations, mainly single nucleotide polymorphisms derived from 71 functional genes on a Wagyu x Limousin reference population. Two hundred forty six F(2) animals were measured for 5 carcass, 6 eating quality and 8 fatty acid composition traits. A total of 2,280 single marker-trait association runs with 120 tagged mutations selected based on the HAPLOVIEW analysis revealed 144 significant associations (P < 0.05), but 50 of them were removed from the analysis due to the small number of animals (< 9) in one genotype group or absence of one genotype among three genotypes. The remaining 94 single-trait associations were then placed into three groups of quantitative trait modes (QTMs) with additive, dominant and overdominant effects. All significant markers and their QTMs associated with each of these 19 traits were involved in a linear regression model analysis, which confirmed single-gene associations for 4 traits, but revealed two-gene networks for 8 traits and three-gene networks for 5 traits. Such genetic networks involving both genotypes and QTMs resulted in high correlations between predicted and actual values of performance, thus providing evidence that the classical Mendelian principles of inheritance can be applied in understanding genetic complexity of complex phenotypes. Our present study also indicated that carcass, eating quality and fatty acid composition traits rarely share genetic networks. Therefore, marker-assisted selection for improvement of one category of these traits would not interfere with improvement of another. C1 [Jiang, Zhihua; Michal, Jennifer J.; Chen, Jie; Daniels, Tyler F.; Kunej, Tanja; Gaskins, Charles T.; Busboom, Jan R.; Wright, Raymond W., Jr.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Garcia, Matthew D.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Anim Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Alexander, Leeson J.; MacNeil, Michael D.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Jiang, ZH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jiangz@wsu.edu RI MacNeil, Michael/A-6772-2009; Jiang, Zhihua/A-3378-2008; OI Jiang, Zhihua/0000-0003-1986-088X; Kunej, Tanja/0000-0002-0465-1762 FU Merial Ltd. Animal Genomics Research Fund; Washington State University, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center FX This work was supported by Merial Ltd. Animal Genomics Research Fund to Z.J. This activity was also funded, in part, with an Emerging Research Issues Internal Competitive Grant from the Washington State University, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center to Z.J and R. W. W. NR 42 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU IVYSPRING INT PUBL PI LAKE HAVEN PA PO BOX 4546, LAKE HAVEN, NSW 2263, AUSTRALIA SN 1449-2288 J9 INT J BIOL SCI JI Int. J. Biol. Sci. PY 2009 VL 5 IS 6 BP 528 EP 542 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 526FD UT WOS:000272272200002 PM 19727437 ER PT J AU Huang, CQ Goward, SN Masek, JG Gao, F Vermote, EF Thomas, N Schleeweis, K Kennedy, RE Zhu, ZL Eidenshink, JC Townshend, JRG AF Huang, Chengquan Goward, Samuel N. Masek, Jeffrey G. Gao, Feng Vermote, Eric F. Thomas, Nancy Schleeweis, Karen Kennedy, Robert E. Zhu, Zhiliang Eidenshink, Jeffery C. Townshend, John R. G. TI Development of time series stacks of Landsat images for reconstructing forest disturbance history SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article DE Landsat time series stack; imagery-ready-to-use; LEDAPS; forest change ID COVER CHANGES; AVHRR DATA; DATA SET; MODIS; CARBON; DEFORESTATION; RECORD; WATER; REFLECTANCE; VARIABILITY AB Forest dynamics is highly relevant to a broad range of earth science studies, many of which have geographic coverage ranging from regional to global scales. While the temporally dense Landsat acquisitions available in many regions provide a unique opportunity for understanding forest disturbance history dating back to 1972, large quantities of Landsat images will need to be analysed for studies at regional to global scales. This will not only require effective change detection algorithms, but also highly automated, high level preprocessing capabilities to produce images with subpixel geolocation accuracies and best achievable radiometric consistency, a status called imagery-ready-to-use (IRU). This paper describes a streamlined approach for producing IRU quality Landsat time series stacks (LTSS). This approach consists of an image selection protocol, high level preprocessing algorithms and IRU quality verification procedures. The high level preprocessing algorithms include updated radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction for calculating surface reflectance and precision registration and orthorectification routines for improving geolocation accuracy. These automated routines have been implemented in the Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive System (LEDAPS) designed for processing large quantities of Landsat images. Some characteristics of the LTSS developed using this approach are discussed. C1 [Huang, Chengquan; Goward, Samuel N.; Vermote, Eric F.; Thomas, Nancy; Schleeweis, Karen; Townshend, John R. G.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Masek, Jeffrey G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Gao, Feng] Earth Resources Technol Inc, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. [Kennedy, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Zhu, Zhiliang] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Eidenshink, Jeffery C.] USGS EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Huang, CQ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, 2181 LeFrak Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM cqhuang@umd.edu RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012; Vermote, Eric/K-3733-2012; OI Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798 NR 62 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 5 U2 27 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1753-8947 J9 INT J DIGIT EARTH JI Int. J. Digit. Earth PY 2009 VL 2 IS 3 BP 195 EP 218 DI 10.1080/17538940902801614 PG 24 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA 497VE UT WOS:000270090300001 ER PT J AU Chang, SQ Li, D Lan, YB Ozkan, N Shi, J Chen, XD Mao, ZH AF Chang, Su-qiang Li, Dong Lan, Yubin Ozkan, Necati Shi, John Chen, Xiao Dong Mao, Zhi-huai TI Study on Creep Properties of Japonica Cooked Rice and Its Relationship with Rice Chemical Compositions and Sensory Evaluation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE creep properties; cooked rice; DMA; protein and amylose content; sensory evaluation ID MILLED-RICE; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; STRESS-RELAXATION; TEXTURE; COOKING; QUALITY; STARCH; PROTEINS; FOODS; ATTRIBUTES AB Creep properties of four varieties japonica cooked rice were tested using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA Q800). The creep curve was described by Burgers model. The creep process of japonica cooked rice mainly consisted of retarded elastic deformation, epsilon R and viscous flow deformation, epsilon V, and negligible instantaneous elastic deformation, epsilon E. The retarded elastic modulus, E(2), relaxation time, tau, and the viscosity coefficient, eta 1, of the cooked rice according to the Burger model were estimated through nonlinear regression. The effect of the chemical compositions on the rheological parameters based on creep behavior of cooked rice was assessed. Correlation analysis indicated that the retarded elastic modulus, E(2), had positive correlations with protein (r = 0.952, P = 0.048). The relaxation time, tau, had negative correlation with protein content (r = -0.909, P = 0.091). The viscosity coefficient, eta 1, was negatively correlated to amylose (r = -0.915, P = 0.085). The analysis between creep parameters and sensory evaluation showed that the viscosity coefficient, eta 1, positively correlated to stickiness and total evaluation of cooked rice. So it can be used to evaluate the eating quality of cooked rice. C1 [Chang, Su-qiang; Li, Dong; Mao, Zhi-huai] China Agr Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lan, Yubin] USDA ARS, SPARC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Ozkan, Necati] Middle E Tech Univ, Ankara, Turkey. [Shi, John] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Chen, Xiao Dong] Monash Univ, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. RP Li, D (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM changsq@cmec2.com; wlj@cau.edu.cn; yubin.lan@ars.usda.gov; nozkan@metu.edu.tr; john.shi@agr.gc.ca; dong.chen@eng.monash.edu.au; maozhh@cau.edu.cn RI Ozkan, Necati /E-6186-2011 OI Ozkan, Necati /0000-0002-7837-3152 FU Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China [NCET-08-0537]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30800662]; High Technology Research and Development Program of China [2007AA100406]; Science and Technology Research Key Program of China [105014] FX Dong Li and Yubin Lan are the corresponding authors. Supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China (NCET-08-0537), National Natural Science Foundation of China (30800662), High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2007AA100406), and Science and Technology Research Key Program of China (105014). NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU BERKELEY ELECTRONIC PRESS PI BERKELEY PA 2809 TELEGRAPH AVENUE, STE 202, BERKELEY, CA 94705 USA SN 1556-3758 J9 INT J FOOD ENG JI Int. J. Food Eng. PY 2009 VL 5 IS 3 AR 10 DI 10.2202/1556-3758.1561 PG 18 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 543HI UT WOS:000273564200007 ER PT J AU Jia, HY Li, D Lan, YB Bhandari, B Shi, J Chen, XD Mao, ZH AF Jia, Hai-yan Li, Dong Lan, Yubin Bhandari, Bhesh Shi, John Chen, Xiao Dong Mao, Zhi-huai TI Thermomechanical Property of Rice Kernels Studied by DMA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE rice; dynamic mechanical analysis; thermomechanical transition ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; MECHANICAL THERMAL-ANALYSIS; ROUGH RICE; TENSILE-STRENGTH; MOISTURE-CONTENT; GRAIN; RESPIRATION; QUALITY; YIELD AB The thermomechanical property of the rice kernels was investigated using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The length change of rice kernels with a loaded constant force along the major axis direction was detected during temperature scanning. The thermomechanical transition occurred in rice kernels when heated. The transition temperatures were determined as 47 degrees C, 50 degrees C and 56 degrees C for the medium-grain rice with the moisture contents of 18.1%, 16.0% and 12.5% (wet basis), respectively. Length change of the rice kernels increased with the increase of the temperature and moisture content. Among the four rice varieties investigated, the results showed that the thermomechanical property was not significantly affected by variety. C1 [Jia, Hai-yan; Li, Dong; Mao, Zhi-huai] China Agr Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lan, Yubin] ARS, USDA, SPARC, Sacramento, CA USA. [Bhandari, Bhesh] Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Shi, John] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Chen, Xiao Dong] Monash Univ, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. RP Jia, HY (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM smallswallow2002@163.com; wlj@cau.edu.cn; yubin.lan@ars.usda.gov; b.bhandari@uq.edu.au; john.shi@agr.gc.ca; dong.chen@eng.monash.edu.au; maozhh@cau.edu.cn RI Bhandari, Bhesh/B-7043-2012 OI Bhandari, Bhesh/0000-0001-8800-6295 FU Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China [NCET-08-0537]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30800662]; High Technology Research and Development Program of China [2007AA100406]; Science and Technology Research Key Program of China [105014] FX Supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China (NCET-08-0537), National Natural Science Foundation of China (30800662), High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2007AA100406), and Science and Technology Research Key Program of China (105014). NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1556-3758 J9 INT J FOOD ENG JI Int. J. Food Eng. PY 2009 VL 5 IS 2 AR 2 DI 10.2202/1556-3758.1563 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 543HH UT WOS:000273564100003 ER PT J AU Gajula, H Liu, SW Alavi, S Herald, T Madl, R Bean, SR Tilley, M AF Gajula, Hyma Liu, Shaowei Alavi, Sajid Herald, Thomas Madl, Ron Bean, Scott R. Tilley, Michael TI Pre-Cooked Fiber-Enriched Wheat Flour Obtained by Extrusion: Rheological and Functional Properties SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE Extrusion; Pre-cooking; Wheat bran; Functional and Rheological Properties; Cookies; Tortillas ID SINGLE-SCREW EXTRUDER; MACROMOLECULAR MODIFICATIONS; RICE BRAN; STARCH; TORTILLAS; DEGRADATION; PRODUCTS; COOKING AB Extrusion processing was utilized to pre-cook wheat flours substituted with 0, 10, 20, and 30% wheat bran in order to enhance their rheological properties and functionality with regards to production of cookies and tortillas. Two extrusion conditions, low-temperature-low-shear (LTLS), and high-temperature-high-shear (HTHS) were studied for pre-cooking the flours. Results showed that for all flours, as % bran increased, RVA peak viscosity (PV), mixograph peak time (PTM), and peak height (PH) decreased. At all bran levels, PV, and PH were significantly lower for pre-cooked flours as compared to uncooked. As the percent bran and storage time (4 to 16 d) increased, the quality of cookies (weight and spread factor) and tortillas (specific volume, rollability, and extensibility) deteriorated for both uncooked and pre-cooked wheat flours. The quality of cookies and tortillas from pre-cooked flour were either similar or inferior to those from uncooked flour. C1 [Gajula, Hyma; Liu, Shaowei; Alavi, Sajid; Madl, Ron] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Herald, Thomas] Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bean, Scott R.; Tilley, Michael] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Alavi, S (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, 201 Shellenberger Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM salavi@ksu.edu OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 FU Kansas Wheat Commission; Department of Grain Science and Industry at Kansas State University; Horizon Milling; Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, Kansas [07-237-J] FX This study was supported by check-off funds from the Kansas Wheat Commission. The authors would like to thank Mr. Eric Maichel for his technical assistance, baking lab instructor, Mr. Dave Krishock, for providing lab facilities in the Department of Grain Science and Industry at Kansas State University, and Horizon Milling (Wichita, KS) for donating the flour ingredients. This is Contribution Number 07-237-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, Kansas. NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PY 2009 VL 12 IS 1 BP 27 EP 44 AR PII 906995917 DI 10.1080/10942910802227017 PG 18 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 385YQ UT WOS:000261849900004 ER PT J AU Li, H Pordesimo, LO Igathinathane, C Vinyard, B AF Li, H. Pordesimo, L. O. Igathinathane, C. Vinyard, B. TI Physical Property Effects on Drying of Chile Peppers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE Capsaicin; Chile; Drying; Harvest sequence; Pepper; Physical properties ID QUALITY; KINETICS; HARVEST; PRETREATMENTS; JALAPENO; GRAPES; COLOR; FOODS AB Understanding effects of pepper fruit physical properties on pepper drying allows for improvement in postharvest handling and processing plus development of better cultivars. Drying tests with jalapeno peppers demonstrated that while dimensions of pepper fruits were decreasing with progressive harvests there was essentially no difference in the drying trends of peppers from the first harvest to the last. Slicing produced a similar drying trend for cultivars distinctly different in physical properties. Speed in drying peppers averaging 89.4% moisture to the 10-11% (w.b.) safe storage level was promoted by slicing as well as drying temperatures as high as 115oC. C1 [Pordesimo, L. O.; Igathinathane, C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Li, H.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. [Vinyard, B.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pordesimo, LO (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Box 9632, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM lp243@msstate.edu OI Cannayen, Igathinathane/0000-0001-8884-7959 FU Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station [TEN230]; Tennessee Vegetable Initiative FX This study, part of project TEN230 of the Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station, was funded by the Tennessee Vegetable Initiative. Peppers were graciously provided by Dr. Brad Reddick of the then UT Dept. of Entomology and Plant Pathology. The support received is gratefully acknowledged. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PY 2009 VL 12 IS 2 BP 316 EP 330 AR PII 909792688 DI 10.1080/10942910701689796 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 423QC UT WOS:000264509800005 ER PT J AU Pordesimo, LO Onwulata, CI Carvalho, CWP AF Pordesimo, L. O. Onwulata, C. I. Carvalho, C. W. P. TI Food Powder Delivery Through a Feeder System: Effect of Physicochemical Properties SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE Food powders; Screw feeder; Physical properties; Delivery rate ID CORN; PRODUCTS; WHEY; MILK; FLOWABILITY; BLENDS; REPOSE; FIBER; ANGLE AB Understanding the differences in delivery by feeders as affected by the powder properties is important for control but not much is written about this in the scientific literature. A regression analysis was undertaken to determine how to quantitatively integrate the effects of powder physicochemical properties on delivery through a twin-screw feeder. There was a linear relationship between powder delivery and screw speed over the entire operating range of the commercial twin-screw feeder test platform with the slope varying with the material delivered. Apparent particle density and particle size represented by both D50 and mode of a volume weighted particle size distribution (PSD) were found to have the most influence on delivery rate. Their effects could be quantitatively accounted for through a multiple regression equation for predicting the slope of the linear powder delivery curves. C1 [Pordesimo, L. O.; Onwulata, C. I.] USDA ARS, NAA, ERRC, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Carvalho, C. W. P.] Embrapa Food Technol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Pordesimo, LO (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Box 9632, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM lp243@msstate.edu NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PY 2009 VL 12 IS 3 BP 556 EP 570 AR PII 910911356 DI 10.1080/10942910801947748 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 439UP UT WOS:000265653100010 ER PT J AU Singh, M Byars, JA AF Singh, Mukti Byars, Jeffrey A. TI Starch-lipid composites in plain set yogurt SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gel; rheology; storage; syneresis; yoghurt ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; STIRRED YOGURTS; FAT REPLACERS; MILK; TEXTURE; GELS; GELATION; COOKIES; POWDER AB Starch-lipid composites (SLC) were used to replace milk solids in yogurt mixes. The effects of the SLC on the yogurt fermentations and rheology were studied. The rate of fermentation was evaluated by the change of pH during the fermentation of yogurt. The syneresis of yogurt was observed over 3 weeks of storage. Small amplitude oscillatory shear flow measurements of the storage modulus, the loss modulus, and the loss tangent were obtained using a vane geometry. Yogurt mixes with milk solids partially replaced by SLC fermented at a similar rate than as with no milk solids replaced. Initial viscosity was higher for yogurt mixes with higher levels of SLC. The higher initial viscosity did not affect the gel structure. The addition of SLC above a level of 3% strengthened the gel and resulted in no syneresis for yogurt samples stored for 3 weeks at 4 degrees C. C1 [Singh, Mukti; Byars, Jeffrey A.] ARS, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Singh, M (reprint author), ARS, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM mukti.singh@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0950-5423 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1 BP 106 EP 110 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2007.01661.x PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 383OY UT WOS:000261684100012 ER PT J AU Burri, BJ Chapman, MH Neidlinger, TR Seo, JS Ishida, BK AF Burri, Betty Jane Chapman, Mary H. Neidlinger, Terry R. Seo, Jung S. Ishida, Betty K. TI Tangerine tomatoes increase total and tetra-cis-lycopene isomer concentrations more than red tomatoes in healthy adult humans SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Lycopene; isomer; tomato; bioavailability; antioxidants ID BETA-CAROTENE; UNITED-STATES; PROSTATE-CANCER; PLASMA; BIOAVAILABILITY; ABSORPTION; PREVENTION; PRODUCTS; BLOOD; TRANS AB Lycopene, or the foods that contain it, may prevent prostate cancer. Studies suggest that some cis-lycopene isomers are more bioavailable than the trans-lycopene isomer. We hypothesized that tangerine tomatoes, which predominantly contain the tetra-cis isomer, should be a good source of bioavailable lycopene. We fed lunches containing 300 g tangerine or red tomato sauce per day to 21 healthy adults in a double-blind crossover design. We collected blood at baseline and after each treatment and washout period. We measured tetra-cis, other cis, and trans lycopene, as well as other carotenoids, by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Both tomato sauces increased lycopene concentrations in blood, but the tangerine tomato sauce caused a greater increase of total and tetra-cis-lycopene. The cis isomer(s) may also have facilitated absorption of the trans-lycopene isomer. Indices of oxidative damage decreased as serum lycopene concentrations increased. Our results suggest that total lycopene concentrations can be increased by substituting tetra-cis-lycopene-rich tangerine tomatoes for common red tomatoes in the diet. C1 [Burri, Betty Jane; Neidlinger, Terry R.] ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, PWA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Burri, Betty Jane] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Chapman, Mary H.; Ishida, Betty K.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, PWA, Albany, CA USA. [Seo, Jung S.] Yeungnam Univ, Dept Nutr, Gyongsan, South Korea. RP Burri, BJ (reprint author), ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, PWA, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM betty.burri@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0963-7486 J9 INT J FOOD SCI NUTR JI Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 2009 VL 60 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1080/09637480701782084 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 535BL UT WOS:000272941500001 PM 18608554 ER PT J AU Mohindra, NA Nicklas, TA O'Neil, CE Yang, SJT Berenson, GS AF Mohindra, Nisha A. Nicklas, Theresa A. O'Neil, Carol E. Yang, Su-Jau T. Berenson, Gerald S. TI Eating patterns and overweight status in young adults: the Bogalusa Heart Study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Eating patterns; overweight; young adults; sweetened beverages; diet beverages ID BODY-MASS INDEX; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; SOFT DRINK CONSUMPTION; BEVERAGE CONSUMPTION; ENERGY-INTAKE; SWEETENED BEVERAGES; DIETARY DIVERSITY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; WEIGHT STATUS; OBESITY AB Several studies have focused on the association between eating patterns and obesity. However, the findings have not been consistent. The goal of the present study was to identify the eating patterns associated with overweight among young adults aged 19-28 years (n = 504) in Bogalusa, Louisiana. Food intake was determined using a single 24-h dietary recall, and height and weights were measured to determine the body mass index. The association between eating patterns and overweight status was evaluated using logistic regression and analysis of covariance. Twenty-four percent of young adults were overweight and 18% were obese; with the highest prevalence of obesity seen among black females. The percentage gram consumption of fruit/fruit juices (P<0.01) was negatively associated with overweight status, and diet beverage consumption (P<0.05) was positively associated with obesity. Eating patterns are associated with overweight status in young adults; however, the amount of variance explained in the body mass index was very small. C1 [Nicklas, Theresa A.] ARS, Baylor Coll Med, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [O'Neil, Carol E.] Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Berenson, Gerald S.] Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Tulane Ctr Cardiovasc Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Nicklas, TA (reprint author), ARS, Baylor Coll Med, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates Ave, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tnicklas@bcm.tmc.edu FU National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute of the US Public Health Service (USPHS) [R01 HL 38844]; National Institute of Aging [AG16592]; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center [01999070]; USDA Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-003] FX This research was supported by grants from the National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute of the US Public Health Service (USPHS), Early Natural History of Arteriosclerosis R01 HL 38844, and the National Institute of Aging AG16592. Partial support for C. E. O'Neil came from HATCH Project # 01999070 from the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center. This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA, and was also funded in part with federal funds from the USDA Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-6-003. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the US Government. The authors wish to thank Mrs Pamelia Harris for help in preparing the manuscript and Mrs Bee Wong for librarian assistance. The BHS represents the collaborative efforts of many people whose cooperation is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also thank the children and adults of Bogalusa without whom this study would not have been possible. NR 53 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0963-7486 J9 INT J FOOD SCI NUTR JI Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 2009 VL 60 BP 14 EP 25 DI 10.1080/09637480802322095 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 535BQ UT WOS:000272942000002 PM 19462322 ER PT J AU Syphard, AD Stewart, SI McKeefry, J Hammer, RB Fried, JS Holcomb, S Radeloff, VC AF Syphard, Alexandra D. Stewart, Susan I. McKeefry, Jason Hammer, Roger B. Fried, Jeremy S. Holcomb, Sherry Radeloff, Volker C. TI Assessing housing growth when census boundaries change SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE US Census; Housing density; Interpolation; MAUP; Census boundary; Land use; land cover change ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; LAND-USE; AREAL INTERPOLATION; SUBURBAN DEVELOPMENT; UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; LANDSCAPE; URBANIZATION; CALIFORNIA AB The US Census provides the primary source of spatially explicit social data, but changing block boundaries complicate analyses of housing growth over time. We compared procedures for reconciling housing density data between 1990 and 2000 census block boundaries in order to assess the sensitivity of analytical methods to estimates of housing growth in Oregon. Estimates of housing growth varied substantially and were sensitive to the method of interpolation. With no processing and areal-weighted interpolation, more than 35% of the landscape changed; 75-80% of this change was due to decline in housing density. This decline was implausible, however, because housing structures generally persist over time. Based on aggregated boundaries, 11% of the landscape changed, but only 4% experienced a decline in housing density. Nevertheless, the housing density change map was almost twice as coarse spatially as the 2000 housing density data. We also applied a dasymetric approach to redistribute 1990 housing data into 2000 census boundaries under the assumption that the distribution of housing in 2000 reflected the same distribution as in 1990. The dasymetric approach resulted in conservative change estimates at a fine resolution. All methods involved some type of trade-off (e.g. analytical difficulty, data resolution, magnitude or bias in direction of change). However, our dasymetric procedure is a novel approach for assessing housing growth over changing census boundaries that may be particularly useful because it accounts for the uniquely persistent nature of housing over time. C1 [Syphard, Alexandra D.; McKeefry, Jason; Holcomb, Sherry; Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Stewart, Susan I.] ARS, USDA, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Hammer, Roger B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Sociol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Fried, Jeremy S.] ARS, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Syphard, AD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM asyphard@yahoo.com RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016 OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1365-8816 J9 INT J GEOGR INF SCI JI Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci. PY 2009 VL 23 IS 7 BP 859 EP 876 AR PII 905048848 DI 10.1080/13658810802359877 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography; Geography, Physical; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Geography; Physical Geography; Information Science & Library Science GA 483BT UT WOS:000268937500003 ER PT J AU Holt, GA Coffelt, TA Chow, P Nakayama, FS AF Holt, Gregory A. Coffelt, Terry A. Chow, Poo Nakayama, Francis S. TI Biobased composition boards made from cotton gin and guayule wastes: select physical and mechanical properties SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATERIALS & PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article CT 1st International Conference on Innovative Natural Fibre Composites for Industrial Applications CY OCT, 2007 CL Univ Rome, Engn Fac, Rome, ITALY HO Univ Rome, Engn Fac DE composite boards; cotton gin waste; guayule bagasse; cotton; guayule; bio-based composite materials AB Using biomass materials such as cotton gin byproducts (CGB) and guayule wastes in value-added products can help the economics of these crops, and additionally, aid in alleviating waste management and environmental problems. A study was conducted to assess important physical and mechanical properties of composition boards made from select CGB and guayule waste. Boards were made from five different ratios of cotton gin and guayule wastes: 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75, and 0 : 100. Overall, the biobased CGB and guayule waste boards showed great potential. However, refinement is needed to further enhance the performance of these biomasses for composite board applications. C1 [Holt, Gregory A.] USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Coffelt, Terry A.; Nakayama, Francis S.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA. [Chow, Poo] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Holt, GA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, 1604 E FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM gholt@lbk.ars.usda.gov; tcoffelt@uswcl.ars.ag.gov; pchow2@uiuc.edu; fnakayama@uswcl.ars.ag.gov NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVA PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0268-1900 J9 INT J MATER PROD TEC JI Int. J. Mater. Prod. Technol. PY 2009 VL 36 IS 1-4 BP 104 EP 114 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 492JC UT WOS:000269650200010 ER PT J AU McSorley, R Wang, KH Rosskopf, EN Kokalis-Burelle, N Petersen, HNH Gill, HK Krueger, R AF McSorley, R. Wang, K. -H. Rosskopf, E. N. Kokalis-Burelle, N. Petersen, H. N. Hans Gill, H. K. Krueger, R. TI Nonfumigant alternatives to methyl bromide for management of nematodes, soil-borne disease, and weeds in production of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE floriculture; integrated pest management; Meloidogyne incognita; root-knot nematodes; Pythium spp.; solarization; sustainable agriculture ID GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA; PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; SOLARIZATION; FLORIDA; TOMATO; REDUCTION; PEPPER; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RESISTANCE AB Two field experiments were conducted in north Florida to examine effects of solarization and reduced-risk pesticides on weeds, nematodes, soil-borne diseases, and yield of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus). Five treatments were replicated five times in a randomized complete block design: fumigation with 80: 20 methyl bromide: chloropicrin, solarization, solarization + Kodiak (R) (product with Bacillus subtilis), solarization + Biophos (TM) (product with dipotassium phosphonate and dipotassium phosphate), and non-treated control. Methyl bromide was generally superior to treatments involving solarization, which in turn were superior to the control, for improving flower yield and managing weeds, nematodes, and mortality due to plant disease. In the second year, solarization was more effective than methyl bromide in reducing plant mortality; however, surviving plants were larger and more productive following methyl bromide. In the second year, Biophos (TM) + solarization was as effective as methyl bromide in improving plant height, but not yield. However, integrating solarization with Biophos (TM) did not provide benefits over solarization alone in terms of flower yield. In some cases, solarization alone provided results similar to methyl bromide for managing weeds, nematodes, and plant disease mortality. C1 [McSorley, R.; Petersen, H. N. Hans; Gill, H. K.; Krueger, R.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wang, K. -H.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Rosskopf, E. N.; Kokalis-Burelle, N.] ARS, USDA, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP McSorley, R (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM mcsorley@ufl.edu FU USDA-CSREES Methyl Bromide Transitions Program [2006-5110203566]; USDA, ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement [58-6618-6-207] FX This research was supported in part by USDA-CSREES Methyl Bromide Transitions Program grant no. 2006-5110203566 entitled "Short-term methyl bromide alternatives for the Florida floriculture industry'', and by USDA, ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement no. 58-6618-6-207 entitled "Management of root-knot nematodes and other soilborne pests in floriculture production systems''. Mention of any trade names or products does not imply endorsement by the University of Florida or USDA. The authors thank Jeff Pack and Namgay Om for assistance in the field, John J. Frederick for technical assistance with nematode counting, Simon Poon for laboratory assistance, and Buck Nelson and the staff of PSREU for management of field plots. NR 54 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0874 J9 INT J PEST MANAGE JI Int. J. Pest Manage. PY 2009 VL 55 IS 4 BP 265 EP 273 DI 10.1080/09670870902878400 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 497UR UT WOS:000270088900001 ER PT J AU Courault, D Jacob, F Benoit, V Weiss, M Marloie, O Hanocq, JF Fillol, E Olioso, A Dedieu, G Gouaux, P Gay, M French, A AF Courault, D. Jacob, F. Benoit, V. Weiss, M. Marloie, O. Hanocq, J. F. Fillol, E. Olioso, A. Dedieu, G. Gouaux, P. Gay, M. French, A. TI Influence of agricultural practices on micrometerological spatial variations at local and regional scales SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-ENERGY-BALANCE; SPACEBORNE THERMAL EMISSION; REFLECTION RADIOMETER ASTER; REMOTE-SENSING DATA; VEGETATION INDEX; AIR-TEMPERATURE; VICARIOUS CALIBRATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOIL-MOISTURE; WATER-CONTENT AB Soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfers significantly influence interactions and feedbacks between vegetation and boundary layer, in relation with plant phenology and water status. The current study focused on linking micrometeorological conditions to cultural practices at the local and regional scales (lower than 100km2), over an agricultural region in South Western France. This was achieved considering observation and modelling tools designed for characterising spatial variabilities over land surfaces. These tools were the ASTER high spatial resolution optical remote sensing data, and the SEBAL spatialised surface energy balance model. Surface bidirectional reflectance and brightness temperature were first derived from ASTER data through solar and thermal atmospheric radiative transfer codes, and next used to infer surface radiative properties required for model simulations. Assessing model consistency in terms of air temperature simulations gave satisfactory results when intercomparing against weather station data, although basic model assumptions were not systematically verified in terms of spatial variability. Next, spatialised simulations of evapotranspiration and air temperature were analysed at the regional and local scales, in relation with pedology, land use, and cultural practices. It was shown model estimates were consistent with the considered crops and the related cultural practices. Irrigation appeared as the main factor amongst others (soil, landuse, sowing date) explaining the micrometeorological variability. Although interesting and promising in terms of linking micrometeorological conditions to cultural practices, the results reported here emphasised several difficulties, specially about capturing subfield scale variability and monitoring the considered processes at an appropriate temporal sampling. C1 [Courault, D.; Benoit, V.; Weiss, M.; Marloie, O.; Hanocq, J. F.; Fillol, E.; Olioso, A.] INRA Domaine St Paul, EMMAH, UMR 1114, F-84914 Avignon, France. [Jacob, F.] LISAH, UMR, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France. [Jacob, F.] LTG ESA Purpan Toulouse, Toulouse, France. [Dedieu, G.; Gouaux, P.] CESBio, F-31401 Toulouse, France. [Gay, M.] EI PURPAN, LTGT, F-31076 Toulouse 3, France. [French, A.] ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA. RP Courault, D (reprint author), INRA Domaine St Paul, EMMAH, UMR 1114, Site Agroparc, F-84914 Avignon, France. EM courault@avignon.inra.fr RI Jacob, Frederic/A-5946-2011; Weiss, Marie/I-3663-2012; OI Jacob, Frederic/0000-0002-2491-3096; Weiss, Marie/0000-0002-2341-667X; Olioso, Albert/0000-0001-8342-9272 FU MIP; inter regional project midi-Pyrenees-Provence-Alpes Cote d'Azur FX This work was funded by different projects : MIP, inter regional project midi-Pyrenees-Provence-Alpes Cote d'Azur, ECCO: PNBC national program 'ACI' managed by Cesbio. The authors are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their comments which have improved this article. NR 85 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1183 EP 1205 AR PII 910310071 DI 10.1080/01431160802459551 PG 23 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 434WH UT WOS:000265304300006 ER PT J AU Nelson, MD McRoberts, RE Holden, GR Bauer, ME AF Nelson, M. D. McRoberts, R. E. Holden, G. R. Bauer, M. E. TI Effects of satellite image spatial aggregation and resolution on estimates of forest land area SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID REMOTELY-SENSED IMAGERY; GEOGRAPHICAL ENTITIES; COVER CLASSIFICATION; UNITED-STATES; SCALE; FRAGMENTATION; MODELS; HETEROGENEITY; ENVIRONMENT; PARAMETERS AB Satellite imagery is being used increasingly in association with national forest inventories (NFIs) to produce maps and enhance estimates of forest attributes. We simulated several image spatial resolutions within sparsely and heavily forested study areas to assess resolution effects on estimates of forest land area, independent of other sensor characteristics. We spatially aggregated 30m datasets to coarser spatial resolutions (90, 150, 210, 270, 510 and 990m) and produced estimates of forest proportion for each spatial resolution using both model- and design-based approaches. Average-based aggregation had no effect on per-image estimates of forest proportion; image variability decreased with increasing spatial resolution and local variability peaked between 210 and 270m. Majority-based aggregation resulted in overestimation of forest land in a heavily forested landscape and underestimation of forest land in a sparsely forested landscape, with both trends following a natural log distribution. Of the spatial resolutions tested, 30m was superior for obtaining estimates using model-based approaches. However, standard errors of design-based inventory estimates of forest proportion were smallest when accompanying stratification maps which were aggregated to between 90 and 150m spatial resolutions and strata thresholds were optimized by study area. These results suggest that spatially aggregating existing 30m land cover datasets can provide NFIs with gains in precision of their estimates of forest land area, while reducing image storage size and processing times; land cover datasets derived from coarser spatial resolution sensors may provide similar benefits. C1 [Nelson, M. D.; McRoberts, R. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Holden, G. R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Cibola Natl Forest, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Bauer, M. E.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Food Agr & Nat Resource Sci, St Paul, MN USA. RP Nelson, MD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. EM mdnelson@fs.fed.us NR 59 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 8 BP 1913 EP 1940 AR PII 910863858 DI 10.1080/01431160802545631 PG 28 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 439SA UT WOS:000265646100004 ER PT J AU Huang, J Chen, DY Cosh, MH AF Huang, Jingfeng Chen, Daoyi Cosh, M. H. TI Sub-pixel reflectance unmixing in estimating vegetation water content and dry biomass of corn and soybeans cropland using normalized difference water index (NDWI) from satellites SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGERY; MODELING APPROACH; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; LANDSAT; MODIS; CANOPIES; COVER; NDVI AB Estimating vegetation cover, water content, and dry biomass from space plays a significant role in a variety of scientific fields including drought monitoring, climate modelling, and agricultural prediction. However, getting accurate and consistent measurements of vegetation is complicated very often by the contamination of the remote sensing signal by the atmosphere and soil reflectance variations at the surface. This study used Landsat TM/ETM+ and MODIS data to investigate how sub-pixel atmospheric and soil reflectance contamination can be removed from the remotely sensed vegetation growth signals. The sensitivity of spectral bands and vegetation indices to such contamination was evaluated. Combining the strengths of atmospheric models and empirical approaches, a hybrid atmospheric correction scheme was proposed. With simplicity, it can achieve reasonable accuracy in comparison with the 6S model. Insufficient vegetation coverage information and poor evaluation of fractional sub-pixel bare soil reflectance are major difficulties in sub-pixel soil reflectance unmixing. Vegetation coverage was estimated by the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). Sub-pixel soil reflectance was approximated from the nearest bare soil pixel. A linear reflectance mixture model was employed to unmix sub-pixel soil reflectance from vegetation reflectance. Without sub-pixel reflectance contamination, results demonstrate the true linkage between the growth of sub-pixel vegetation and the corresponding change in satellite spectral signals. Results suggest that the sub-pixel soil reflectance contamination is particularly high when vegetation coverage is low. After unmixing, the visible and shortwave infrared reflectances decrease and the near-infrared reflectances increase. Vegetation water content and dry biomass were estimated using the unmixed vegetation indices. Superior to the NDVI and the other NDWIs, the SWIR (1650nm) band-based NDWI showed the best overall performance. The use of the NIR (1240nm), which is a unique band of MODIS, was also discussed. C1 [Huang, Jingfeng] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Chen, Daoyi] Univ Liverpool, Dept Engn, Liverpool L69 3GQ, Merseyside, England. [Cosh, M. H.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Huang, J (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM jhuang@rsmas.miami.edu RI Huang, Jingfeng/D-7336-2012; Cosh, MIchael/A-8858-2015 OI Huang, Jingfeng/0000-0002-8779-2922; Cosh, MIchael/0000-0003-4776-1918 FU Overseas Research Scholarship from Universities UK FX The authors would like to extend thanks to Dr T. Jackson, Dr M. Anderson, and their colleagues at USDA for conducting intensive ground measurements in SMEX02 campaign and for making the data publicly available. The authors are also grateful for the valuable comments from the anonymous reviewers who helped to improve the manuscript significantly. The Overseas Research Scholarship from Universities UK to support Jingfeng Huang's study at the University of Manchester is also appreciated. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 8 BP 2075 EP 2104 AR PII 910863543 DI 10.1080/01431160802549245 PG 30 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 439SA UT WOS:000265646100014 ER PT J AU Chavez, JL Gowda, PH Howell, TA Copeland, KS AF Chavez, J. L. Gowda, P. H. Howell, T. A. Copeland, K. S. TI Radiometric surface temperature calibration effects on satellite based evapotranspiration estimation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID FLUXES AB Agriculture on the Texas High Plains (THP) uses approximately 89% of groundwater withdrawals from the Ogallala Aquifer, leading to steady decline in water table levels. Therefore, efficient water management is essential for sustaining agricultural production in the THP. Accurate evapotranspiration (ET) maps provide critical information on actual spatio-temporal crop water use. METRIC (Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution using Internalized Calibration) is a remote sensing based energy balance method that uses radiometric surface temperature (T(s)) for mapping ET. However, T(s) calibration effects on satellite based ET estimation are less known. Further, METRIC has never been applied for the advective conditions of the semi-arid THP. In this study, METRIC was applied and predicted ET was compared with measured values from five monolithic weighing lysimeters at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory in Bushland, Texas, USA. Three different levels of calibration were applied on a Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper's thermal image acquired on 23 July 2006 to derive T(s). Application of METRIC on a MODTRAN calibrated image improved the accuracy of distributed ET prediction. In addition, ET estimates were further improved when a THP-specific model was used for estimating leaf area index. Results indicated that METRIC performed well with ET mean bias error +/- root mean square error of 0.4 +/- 0.7 mm d(-1). C1 [Chavez, J. L.; Gowda, P. H.; Howell, T. A.; Copeland, K. S.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Chavez, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM jose.chavez@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 9 BP 2337 EP 2354 DI 10.1080/01431160802549393 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 457GV UT WOS:000266917400011 ER PT J AU Yang, CH Everitt, JH Johnson, HB AF Yang, Chenghai Everitt, J. H. Johnson, H. B. TI Applying image transformation and classification techniques to airborne hyperspectral imagery for mapping Ashe juniper infestations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; LEAFY SPURGE; VEGETATION; NEVADA; COVER; TREE AB Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei Buchholz) in excessive coverage reduces forage production, interferes with livestock management, and degrades watersheds and wildlife habitat on infested rangelands. The objective of this study was to apply minimum noise fraction (MNF) transformation and different classification techniques to airborne hyperspectral imagery for mapping Ashe juniper infestations. Hyperspectral imagery with 98 usable bands covering a spectral range of 475-845nm was acquired from two Ashe juniper infested sites in central Texas. MNF transformation was applied to the hyperspectral imagery and the transformed imagery with the first 10 and 20 MNF bands was classified using four hard classifiers: minimum distance, Mahalanobis distance, maximum likelihood and spectral angle mapper (SAM). For comparison, the 10- and 20-band MNF imagery was inversely transformed to noise-reduced 98-band imagery in the original data space, which was also classified using the four classifiers. Accuracy assessment showed that the first 10 MNF bands were sufficient for distinguishing Ashe juniper from associated plant species (mixed woody species and mixed herbaceous species) and other cover types (bare soil and water). Although the 20-band MNF imagery provided better results for some classifications, the increase in overall accuracy was not statistically significant. Overall accuracy on the 10-band MNF imagery varied from 88% for SAM to 93% for minimum distance for site 1 and from 84% for SAM to 94% for maximum likelihood for site 2. The 98-band imagery derived from the 10-band MNF imagery resulted in overall accuracy ranging from 91% for both SAM and Mahalanobis distance to 97% for maximum likelihood for site 1 and from 87% for SAM to 93% for minimum distance for site 2. Although both approaches produced comparable classification results, the MNF imagery required smaller storage space and less computing time. These results indicate that airborne hyperspectral imagery incorporated with image transformation and classification techniques can be a useful tool for mapping Ashe juniper infestations. C1 [Yang, Chenghai; Everitt, J. H.] USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Johnson, H. B.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 78502 USA. RP Yang, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM chenghai.yang@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS, Weslaco, TX FX The authors thank Rene Davis and Fred Gomez (USDA-ARS, Weslaco, TX) for assistance in image acquisition and Jim Forward (USDA-ARS, Weslaco, TX) for assistance in reflectance data collection, image rectification and ground verification. Thanks are also extended to the US Army Corp of Engineers and private landowners (Temple, TX) for allowing us to use their land and for their cooperation. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 11 BP 2741 EP 2758 AR PII 912620762 DI 10.1080/01431160802555812 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 461JV UT WOS:000267263000002 ER PT J AU Zheng, DL Heath, LS Ducey, MJ Smith, JE AF Zheng, Daolan Heath, L. S. Ducey, M. J. Smith, J. E. TI Quantifying scaling effects on satellite-derived forest area estimates for the conterminous USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION; LANDSCAPE PATTERN-ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; RESOLUTION; IMAGERY AB We quantified the scaling effects on forest area estimates for the conterminous USA using regression analysis and the National Land Cover Dataset 30m satellite-derived maps in 2001 and 1992. The original data were aggregated to: (1) broad cover types (forest vs. non-forest); and (2) coarser resolutions (1km and 10km). Standard errors of the model estimates were 2.3% and 4.9% at 1km and 10km resolutions, respectively. Our model improved the accuracies for 1km by 0.6% (12556km2) in 2001 and 1.9% (43198km2) in 1992, compared to the forest estimates before the adjustments. Forest area observed from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 2001 1km land-cover map for the conterminous USA might differ by 80811km2 from what would be observed if MODIS was available at 30m. Of this difference, 58% (46870km2) could be a relatively small net improvement, equivalent to 1444 Tg (or 1.5%) of total non-soil forest CO2 stocks. With increasing attention to accurate monitoring and evaluation of forest area changes for different regions of the globe, our results could facilitate the removal of bias from large-scale estimates based on remote sensors with coarse resolutions. C1 [Zheng, Daolan; Ducey, M. J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Heath, L. S.; Smith, J. E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Zheng, DL (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM daolan.zheng@unh.edu RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 FU USDA Forest Service [05-DG-11242343-074] FX Funding support for this study was provided in part by the USDA Forest Service, through grant 05-DG-11242343-074. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 12 BP 3097 EP 3114 AR PII 912634149 DI 10.1080/01431160802558741 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 461RG UT WOS:000267287300005 ER PT J AU Su, LH Huang, YX Chopping, MJ Rango, A Martonchik, JV AF Su, Lihong Huang, Yuxia Chopping, M. J. Rango, A. Martonchik, J. V. TI An empirical study on the utility of BRDF model parameters and topographic parameters for mapping vegetation in a semi-arid region with MISR imagery SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER MISR; COMMUNITY TYPE DIFFERENTIATION; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; LAND; CLASSIFICATION; SURFACE; MULTIANGLE; RECOGNITION; RETRIEVAL AB In this study we show that multiangle remote sensing is useful for increasing the accuracy of vegetation community type mapping in desert regions. Using images from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR), we compared roles played by Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) model parameters with those played by topographic parameters in improving vegetation community type classifications for the Jornada Experimental Range and the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge in New Mexico, USA. The BRDF models used were the Rahman-Pinty-Verstraete (RPV) model and the RossThin-LiSparseReciprocal (RTnLS) model. MISR nadir multispectral reflectance was considered as baseline because nadir observation is the most basic remote sensing observation. The BRDF model parameters and the topographic parameters were considered as additional data. The BRDF model parameters were obtained by inversion of the RPV model and the RTnLS model against the MISR multiangle reflectance data. The results of 32 classification experiments show that the BRDF model parameters are useful for vegetation mapping; they can be used to raise classification accuracies by providing information that is not available in the spectral-nadir domain, or from ancillary topographic parameters. This study suggests that the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and MISR BRDF model parameter data products have great potential to be used as additional information for vegetation mapping. C1 [Su, Lihong] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Huang, Yuxia] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. [Chopping, M. J.] Montclair State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Studies, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. [Rango, A.] ARS Jornada Expt Range, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Martonchik, J. V.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Su, LH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM sul@email.unc.edu FU NASA [NNG04GK91G]; U. S. National Science Foundation [DEB0080412] FX This research was supported by NASA (EOS grant no. NNG04GK91G to M. J. C., administered through the NASA Land Cover Land Use Change program). The Jornada data sets were provided by the Jornada Basin LTER project. Funding for these data was provided by the U. S. National Science Foundation (Grant DEB0080412). The MISR data were obtained from the NASA Langley Atmospheric Sciences Data Center. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 13 BP 3463 EP 3483 AR PII 913270864 DI 10.1080/01431160802562230 PG 21 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 474IS UT WOS:000268277600010 ER PT J AU Hicke, JA Logan, J AF Hicke, Jeffrey A. Logan, Jesse TI Mapping whitebark pine mortality caused by a mountain pine beetle outbreak with high spatial resolution satellite imagery SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID RED-ATTACK DAMAGE; INFESTATION AB Insect outbreaks cause significant tree mortality across western North America, including in high-elevation whitebark pine forests. These forests are under several threats, which include attack by insects and white pine blister rust, as well as conversion to other tree species as a result of fire suppression. Mapping tree mortality is critical to determining the status of whitebark pine as a species. Satellite remote sensing builds upon existing aerial surveys by using objective, repeatable methods that can result in high spatial resolution monitoring. Past studies concentrated on level terrain and only forest vegetation type. The objective of this study was to develop a means of classifying whitebark pine mortality caused by a mountain pine beetle infestation in rugged, remote terrain using high spatial resolution satellite imagery. We overcame three challenges of mapping mortality in this mountainous region: (1) separating non-vegetated cover types, green and brown herbaceous cover, green (live) tree cover, and red-attack (dead) tree cover; (2) variations in illumination as a result of variations in slope and aspect related to the mountainous terrain of the study site; and (3) the difficulty of georegistering the imagery for use in comparing field measurements. Quickbird multi-spectral imagery (2.4 m spatial resolution) was used, together with a maximum likelihood classification method, to classify vegetation cover types over a 6400 ha area. To train the classifier, we selected pixels in each cover class from the imagery guided by our knowledge of the study site. Variables used in the maximum likelihood classifier included the ratio of red reflectance to green reflectance as well as green reflectance. These variables were stratified by solar incidence angle to account for illumination variability. We evaluated the results of the classified image using a reserved set of image-derived class members and field measurements of live and dead trees. Classification results yielded high overall accuracy (86% and 91% using image-derived class members and field measurements respectively) and kappa statistics (0.82 and 0.82) and low commission (0.9% and 1.5%) and omission (6.5% and 15.9%) errors for the red-attack tree class. Across the scene, 700 ha or 31% of the forest was identified as in the red-attack stage. Severity (percent mortality by canopy cover) varied from nearly 100% for some areas to regions with little mortality. These results suggest that high spatial resolution satellite imagery can provide valuable information for mapping and monitoring tree mortality even in rugged, mountainous terrain. C1 [Hicke, Jeffrey A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Logan, Jesse] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Hicke, JA (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM jhicke@uidaho.edu RI Hicke, Jeff/M-9677-2013 FU USDA Forest Service [03-CS-11222033-315, 06JV11221668274]; NSF-Idaho EPSCoR Program; National Science Foundation [EPS-0447689]; [04CRAG0004/4004CS0001] FX The authors would like to thank Alistair Smith, Paul Gessler and Lee Vierling for helpful discussions and two anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the paper. This study was supported by the USDA Forest Service (03-CS-11222033-315, 06JV11221668274), the NSF-Idaho EPSCoR Program and the National Science Foundation (EPS-0447689), and the USGS through the Western Mountain Initiative (04CRAG0004/4004CS0001). NR 35 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 17 BP 4427 EP 4441 DI 10.1080/01431160802566439 PG 15 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 500KV UT WOS:000270299200005 ER PT J AU Nelson, MD Healey, SP Moser, WK Hansen, MH AF Nelson, Mark D. Healey, Sean P. Moser, W. Keith Hansen, Mark H. TI Combining satellite imagery with forest inventory data to assess damage severity following a major blowdown event in northern Minnesota, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID LANDSAT DATA; WESTERN OREGON; DISTURBANCE; WIND; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; MODELS; RISK; SNOW AB Effects of a catastrophic blowdown event in northern Minnesota, USA were assessed using field inventory data, aerial sketch maps and satellite image data processed through the North American Forest Dynamics programme. Estimates were produced for forest area and net volume per unit area of live trees pre- and post-disturbance, and for changes in volume per unit area and total volume resulting from disturbance. Satellite image-based estimates of blowdown area were similar to estimates derived from inventory plots and aerial sketch maps. Overall accuracy of the image-based damage classification was over 90%. Compared to field inventory estimates, image-based estimates of post-blowdown mean volume per unit area were similar, but estimates of total volume loss were substantially larger, although inaccessibility of the most severely damaged inventory plots may have depressed the inventory-based estimate. This represents the first application of state model differencing to storm damage assessment. The image-based procedure can be applied to historical archives of satellite imagery and does not require pre-disturbance field inventory data. C1 [Nelson, Mark D.; Moser, W. Keith; Hansen, Mark H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Healey, Sean P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT USA. RP Nelson, MD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. EM mdnelson@fs.fed.us FU US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Superior National Forest; NASA Applied Sciences and Terrestrial Ecology Programmes FX The authors thank the US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Superior National Forest for funding the intensification of the FIA plot sample within the BWCAW during the inventory years immediately following the blowdown; NASA Applied Sciences and Terrestrial Ecology Programmes for funding Landsat image acquisition, processing and applications development; and Quinn Chavez of US Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Health Protection programme for providing aerial sketch map geospatial data of Minnesota 1999 wind damage. The authors also thank the anonymous reviewers and the associate editor for prescribing substantial improvements to the manuscript. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 19 BP 5089 EP 5108 DI 10.1080/01431160903022951 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 515BO UT WOS:000271441500011 ER PT J AU Li, MS Huang, CQ Zhu, ZL Wen, WS Xu, D Liu, AX AF Li, Mingshi Huang, Chengquan Zhu, Zhiliang Wen, Weisong Xu, Da Liu, Anxing TI Use of remote sensing coupled with a vegetation change tracker model to assess rates of forest change and fragmentation in Mississippi, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; TROPICAL DEFORESTATION; DYNAMICS; LANDSCAPE; REFORESTATION; DISTURBANCE; PATTERNS; HISTORY; IMAGERY AB Mapping forest disturbance history is essential for assessing forest fragmentation conditions and the effectiveness of management approaches, and it is crucial for the understanding of terrestrial and atmospheric carbon flux. In this study, our analysis maps and characterizes the wall-to-wall forest change patterns in Mississippi over the time period 1987-2005, by interpreting 132 Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) or Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) scenes using a vegetation change tracker (VCT) model. Our analysis revealed that a gradual decelerating forest fragmentation during the time period 1987-1993 gave way to an accelerating fragmentation during the period 1994-2005. This unique trend in forest fragmentation was a consequence of forest logging, regeneration practices and natural disturbance regimes. In addition, for the most part of the 1990s and between 2000 and 2005, Mississippi lost about 2% of its forest on an annual basis, but many of the losses were offset by forest regeneration from previous disturbances. Forest spatial change information derived from this analysis has provided valuable insights regarding regional forest management practices and socioeconomic impacts, which will be beneficial for land managers to develop ecologically sustainable forest management strategies and biodiversity conservation practices. C1 [Li, Mingshi] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Forest Resources & Environm, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China. [Huang, Chengquan] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zhu, Zhiliang] US Forest Serv, USDA, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Wen, Weisong; Xu, Da; Liu, Anxing] Zhejiang Prov Ctr Forest Resources Monitoring, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Li, MS (reprint author), Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Forest Resources & Environm, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China. EM nfulms@yahoo.com.cn OI Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798 FU US Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center; NASA; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30972297]; scientific research foundation for returned overseas Chinese Scholars [G2009-0]; Nanjing Forestry University, China FX This research was performed while the first author held a National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Program postdoctoral award at the US Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. This work was supported by funding from the USGS and grants from NASA's Terrestrial Ecology, Carbon Cycle Science and Applied Sciences Programs. Additionally, this research was in part supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30972297) and the funding from the scientific research foundation for returned overseas Chinese Scholars (G2009-06), sponsored by Nanjing Forestry University, China. We thank the Department of Geography, University of Maryland for providing facilities that enabled us to develop the forest disturbance products. The authors would also like to express their gratitude to Kurtis Nelson for aiding in the calculation of the Pff index and the anonymous referees for their helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 24 BP 6559 EP 6574 DI 10.1080/01431160903241999 PG 16 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 544GH UT WOS:000273641500011 ER PT J AU Nieves-Rivera, AM Santos-Flores, CJ Dugan, FM Miller, TE AF Nieves-Rivera, Angel M. Santos-Flores, Carlos J. Dugan, Frank M. Miller, Thomas E. TI Guanophilic fungi in three caves of southwestern Puerto Rico SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPELEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coprophilous fungi; bat guano; biospeleology; West Indies; Caribbean ID AGUAS BUENOS CAVES; HISTOPLASMA-CAPSULATUM; SOIL; BATS AB Fifty species of guanophilic (bat guano-loving) fungi were isolated from field-collected samples within three caves in southwestern Puerto Rico; most were mitosporic fungi (23 species). The caves studied were Cueva La Tuna (Cabo Rojo), Cueva de Malano (Sistema de Los Chorros, San German), and Cueva Viento (El Convento Cave-Spring System, Guayanilla-Penuelas). The most conspicuous fungus by far was the zygomycete Circinella umbellata (Mucorales). Circinella umbellata dominated the bat guano incubation chambers (Petri dishes lined with sterile filter paper moistened with sterile water) at ambient laboratory conditions. Nineteen species of basidiomycetes (e. g., Ganoderma cf. resinaceum, Geastrum cf. minimum, Lepiota sp., Polyporus sp., Ramaria sp.) and three species of ascomycetes (Hypoxylon sp., Xylaria anisopleura, and X. kegeliana) were also recorded. They were found on soil, rotting leaves, bark and rotting wood, buried in bat guano located below natural skylights or sinkholes. C1 [Nieves-Rivera, Angel M.] John F Kennedy Int Airport, Off Field Operat Agr Specialists, US Customs & Border Protect, Jamaica, NY 11430 USA. [Santos-Flores, Carlos J.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Mayaguez, PR 00981 USA. [Dugan, Frank M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Miller, Thomas E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Geol, Mayaguez, PR 00981 USA. RP Nieves-Rivera, AM (reprint author), John F Kennedy Int Airport, Off Field Operat Agr Specialists, US Customs & Border Protect, Terminal 4, Jamaica, NY 11430 USA. EM anievesster@gmail.com; charliejosesantos@yahoo.com; fdugan@wsu.edu; tmiller@uprm.edu NR 60 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOCIETA SPELEOLOGICA ITALIANA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA ZAMBONI 67, BOLOGNA, 40126, ITALY SN 0392-6672 J9 INT J SPELEOL JI Int. J. Speleol. PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 70 PG 10 WC Geology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 394GQ UT WOS:000262434400007 ER PT J AU Cotta, MA Whitehead, TR Falsen, E Moore, E Lawson, PA AF Cotta, Michael A. Whitehead, Terence R. Falsen, Enevold Moore, Edward Lawson, Paul A. TI Robinsoniella peoriensis gen. nov., sp nov., isolated from a swine-manure storage pit and a human clinical source SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; HUMAN GUT; BACTERIA; PROPOSAL; CULTURE AB A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on six strains of an unknown Gram-positive, nonmotile, spore-forming, short oval to rod-shaped bacterium isolated from a swine-manure storage pit. In addition to these strains, an isolate deposited in the Culture Collection of the University of Goteborg (Sweden) was found to be biochemically related to the manure strains. The major end products of metabolism included acetate and succinate but not butyrate. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed that all these isolates were closely related to each other and formed a hitherto unknown lineage within the clostridial rRNA XIVa cluster of organisms. On the basis of phylogenetic, biochemical and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium represents a novel genus and species, for which the name Robinsoniella peoriensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Robinsoniella peoriensis is PPC31(T) (=CCUG 48729(T) =NRRL B-23985(T)). C1 [Lawson, Paul A.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Cotta, Michael A.; Whitehead, Terence R.] ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Falsen, Enevold; Moore, Edward] Univ Goteborg, Dept Clin Bacteriol, S-41346 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Lawson, PA (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM paul.lawson@ou.edu RI Whitehead, Terence/B-5235-2009; OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754 NR 21 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 59 BP 150 EP 155 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.65676-0 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 407ZZ UT WOS:000263404100027 PM 19126740 ER PT J AU Sun, RY Krueger, SK Jenkins, MA Zulauf, MA Charney, JJ AF Sun, Ruiyu Krueger, Steven K. Jenkins, Mary Ann Zulauf, Michael A. Charney, Joseph J. TI The importance of fire-atmosphere coupling and boundary-layer turbulence to wildfire spread SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE atmospheric boundary layer; coupled atmosphere-wildfire numerical model; fire-induced convection; grassland fire; probabilistic wildfire prediction; rate of fire spread ID BLACK SPRUCE FOREST; FREE-BURNING FIRES; WIND; MODEL; GRASSLANDS; SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; SCHEME AB The major source of uncertainty in wildfire behavior prediction is the transient behavior of wildfire due to changes in flow in the fire's environment. The changes in flow are dominated by two factors. The first is the interaction or 'coupling' between the fire and the fire-induced flow. The second is the interaction or 'coupling' between the fire and the ambient flow driven by turbulence due to wind gustiness and eddies in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). In the present study, coupled wildfire-atmosphere large-eddy simulations of grassland fires are used to examine the differences in the rate of spread and area burnt by grass fires in two types of ABL, a buoyancy-dominated ABL and a roll-dominated ABL. The simulations show how a buoyancy-dominated ABL affects fire spread, how a roll-dominated ABL affects fire spread, and how fire lines interact with these two different ABL flow types. The simulations also show how important are fire-atmosphere couplings or fire-induced circulations to fire line spread compared with the direct impact of the turbulence in the two different ABLs. The results have implications for operational wildfire behavior prediction. Ultimately, it will be important to use techniques that include an estimate of uncertainty in wildfire behavior forecasts. C1 [Sun, Ruiyu; Krueger, Steven K.; Zulauf, Michael A.] Univ Utah, Dept Meteorol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Jenkins, Mary Ann] York Univ, Fac Pure & Appl Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci & Engn, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Charney, Joseph J.] US Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, E Landsing, MI USA. RP Sun, RY (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Meteorol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM ruiyu.sun@noaa.gov RI Sun, Ruiyu/H-9595-2012 FU United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Research Joint Venture [03-JV-1123130008]; Center for High Performance Computing; University of Utah FX The present research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Research Joint Venture Agreement 03-JV-1123130008. A gratis grant of computer time from the Center for High Performance Computing, University of Utah, is gratefully acknowledged. We thank three anonymous reviewers for suggestions on how to improve a previous version of the paper. The first author would like to thank Dr Chin- Hoh Moeng, Dr Peter Sullivan, Dr Margaret LeMone, and Dr Tammy Weckworth for their useful discussions about the simulation results. NR 35 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 10 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 1 BP 50 EP 60 DI 10.1071/WF07072 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 408XE UT WOS:000263468200004 ER PT J AU Cary, GJ Flannigan, MD Keane, RE Bradstock, RA Davies, ID Lenihan, JM Li, C Logan, KA Parsons, RA AF Cary, Geoffrey J. Flannigan, Mike D. Keane, Robert E. Bradstock, Ross A. Davies, Ian D. Lenihan, James M. Li, Chao Logan, Kimberley A. Parsons, Russell A. TI Relative importance of fuel management, ignition management and weather for area burned: evidence from five landscape-fire-succession models SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE CAFE; fire management; FIRESCAPE; LAMOS; LANDSUM; model comparison; SEM-LAND; simulation modelling ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PRESCRIBED FIRE; BOREAL FOREST/; PATCH DYNAMICS; UNITED-STATES; SIMULATION; REGIMES; SUPPRESSION AB The behaviour of five landscape fire models (CAFE, FIRESCAPE, LAMOS(HS), LANDSUM and SEM-LAND) was compared in a standardised modelling experiment. The importance of fuel management approach, fuel management effort, ignition management effort and weather in determining variation in area burned and number of edge pixels burned (a measure of potential impact on assets adjacent to fire-prone landscapes) was quantified for a standardised modelling landscape. Importance was measured as the proportion of variation in area or edge pixels burned explained by each factor and all interactions among them. Weather and ignition management were consistently more important for explaining variation in area burned than fuel management approach and effort, which were found to be statistically unimportant. For the number of edge pixels burned, weather and ignition management were generally more important than fuel management approach and effort. Increased ignition management effort resulted in decreased area burned in all models and decreased number of edge pixels burned in three models. The findings demonstrate that year-to-year variation in weather and the success of ignition management consistently prevail over the effects of fuel management on area burned in a range of modelled ecosystems. C1 [Cary, Geoffrey J.; Davies, Ian D.] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Med Biol & Environm, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Cary, Geoffrey J.; Bradstock, Ross A.] Bushfire Cooperat Res Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia. [Flannigan, Mike D.; Logan, Kimberley A.] Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Keane, Robert E.; Parsons, Russell A.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Bradstock, Ross A.] Dept Environm & Climate Change NSW, Hurstville, NSW 1481, Australia. [Lenihan, James M.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Li, Chao] Canadian Forest Serv, No Forestry Ctr, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada. RP Cary, GJ (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Coll Med Biol & Environm, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Linnaeus Way,Bldg 48, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM geoffrey.cary@anu.edu.au RI Flannigan, Michael/G-6996-2015 OI Flannigan, Michael/0000-0002-9970-5363 FU Energy Research and Development (PERD) of Natural Resources Canada; US National Fire Plan FX Sandra Lavorel contributed suggestions regarding the experimental design. Hong He contributed suggestions about approaches for analysing the results and interpreting the findings. Scott Stephens and Malcolm Gill are gratefully acknowledged for comments on an earlier manuscript. The Program for Energy Research and Development (PERD) of Natural Resources Canada and the US National Fire Plan are gratefully acknowledged for partially funding the present research. NR 47 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 26 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 2 BP 147 EP 156 DI 10.1071/WF07085 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 427UK UT WOS:000264804400002 ER PT J AU Shindler, BA Toman, E McCaffrey, SM AF Shindler, Bruce A. Toman, Eric McCaffrey, Sarah M. TI Public perspectives of fire, fuels and the Forest Service in the Great Lakes Region: a survey of citizen-agency communication and trust SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE citizen-agency interactions; fire risk; fuels reduction; public confidence; social acceptance ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES; UNITED-STATES; MINNESOTA; WILDFIRE; MIDWEST; FLORIDA; LAND AB Relative to the western United States, where fire and fuel management programs have received greater emphasis, few community-based studies have focused on the Great Lakes region. The present paper describes public opinion research from counties surrounding National Forests in Wisconsin, Minnesota and Michigan. Survey data address citizen perspectives on (1) fuel reduction practices and related risks, (2) confidence in the US Forest Service to effectively implement treatments, and (3) interactions between the agency and forest communities. Substantial support for prescribed fire and thinning treatments is evident, with few participants believing these practices should not be considered or are unnecessary. However, ratings of agency actions were weak at all three study sites; in particular, there is some skepticism that managers can safely implement prescribed fire programs. Overall, Minnesota residents had fewer concerns whereas Michigan respondents were more cautious. These results are discussed and compared with findings from the western US. C1 [Shindler, Bruce A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Toman, Eric] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [McCaffrey, Sarah M.] No Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Shindler, BA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM bruce.shindler@oregonstate.edu FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; Joint Fire Science Program FX Project support was provided by the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station and the Joint Fire Science Program. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 2 BP 157 EP 164 DI 10.1071/WF07135 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 427UK UT WOS:000264804400003 ER PT J AU Vaillant, NM Fites-Kaufman, JA Stephens, SL AF Vaillant, Nicole M. Fites-Kaufman, Jo Ann Stephens, Scott L. TI Effectiveness of prescribed fire as a fuel treatment in Californian coniferous forests SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire behavior modeling; fire hazard; fire risk; Fuels Management Analyst; wildfire ID UPPER MONTANE FORESTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; CROWN-FIRE; SOUTHERN CASCADES; TREE MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; BEHAVIOR; LANDSCAPE; PINE; USA AB Effective fire suppression and land use practices over the last century have altered forest structure and increased fuel loads in many forests in the United States, increasing the occurrence of catastrophic wildland fires. The most effective methods to change potential fire behavior are to reduce surface fuels, increase the canopy base height and reduce canopy bulk density. This multi-tiered approach breaks up the continuity of surface, ladder and crown fuels. Effectiveness of fuel treatments is often shown indirectly through fire behavior modeling or directly through monitoring wildland fire effects such as tree mortality. The present study investigates how prescribed fire affected fuel loads, forest structure, potential fire behavior, and modeled tree mortality at 90th and 97.5th percentile fire weather conditions on eight National Forests in California. Prescription burning did not significantly change forest structure at most sites. Total fuel loads (litter, duff, 1, 10, 100, and 1000-h) were reduced by 23 to 78% across the sites. The reduction in fuel loads altered potential fire behavior by reducing fireline intensity and increasing torching index and crowning index at most sites. Predicted tree mortality decreased after treatment as an effect of reduced potential fire behavior and fuel loads. To use limited fuel hazard reduction resources efficiently, more effort could be placed on the evaluation of existing fire hazards because several stands in the present study had little potential for adverse fire effects before prescribed fire was applied. C1 [Vaillant, Nicole M.; Stephens, Scott L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Div Ecosyst Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vaillant, Nicole M.; Fites-Kaufman, Jo Ann] Adapt Management Serv Enterprise Team, USDA Forest Serv, Nevada City, CA 95959 USA. RP Vaillant, NM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Div Ecosyst Sci, 137 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nvaillant@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Fire; Aviation Management FX This research was funded by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Fire and Aviation Management. We would like to thank J. Moghaddas, B. Collins, and four anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier drafts which greatly improved this manuscript. NR 63 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 26 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 2 BP 165 EP 175 DI 10.1071/WF06065 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 427UK UT WOS:000264804400004 ER PT J AU Battaglia, M Smith, FW Shepperd, WD AF Battaglia, Mike Smith, Frederick W. Shepperd, Wayne D. TI Predicting mortality of ponderosa pine regeneration after prescribed fire in the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE basal char; crown damage; fire management; ground char; logistic regression; Pinus ponderosa; saplings; seedlings ID TREE MORTALITY; DOUGLAS-FIR; FINE-ROOT; POSTFIRE MORTALITY; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; SIERRA-NEVADA; FORESTS; DAMAGE; CROWN; FRAMEWORK AB Reduction of crown fire hazard in Pinus ponderosa forests in the Black Hills, SD, often focuses on the removal of overstorey trees to reduce crown bulk density. Dense ponderosa pine regeneration establishes several years after treatment and eventually increases crown fire risk if allowed to grow. Using prescribed fire to control this regeneration is hampered by the limited knowledge of fire-related mortality threshold values for seedlings (< 1.4 m tall) and saplings (0.25 to 10 cm diameter at breast height). The present study was initiated to assess fire-related mortality of ponderosa pine seedlings and saplings on prescribed burns across the Black Hills. We established plots in several burn units after the first post-fire growing season to measure crown volume scorch, crown volume consumption, basal scorch, and ground char for ponderosa pine seedlings and saplings. Logistic regression was used to model the probability of mortality based on tree size, flame length, and direct fire effects. Tree size, flame length, crown damage, ground char, and basal char severity were all important factors in the prediction of mortality. Observed mortality was > 70% for seedlings but was only 18 to 46% for sapling-sized trees. The differences in mortality thresholds for ponderosa pine seedlings and saplings highlight their susceptibility to different damage pathways and give managers several options when designing burn prescriptions. C1 [Battaglia, Mike; Smith, Frederick W.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Battaglia, Mike; Shepperd, Wayne D.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Battaglia, M (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM mbattaglia@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station [03-JV-11221616-232]; National Fire Plan [01.RMS.C.4]; McIntire-Stennis FX The present research was supported by Joint Venture Agreement no. 03-JV-11221616-232 with the US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, National Fire Plan project 01.RMS.C.4, and by McIntire-Stennis funding to the Colorado State University Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Watershed Stewardship. The authors would like to thank Gale Gire, Jay Kurth, Gwen Lipp, and Terry Tompkins from the Mystic Ranger District of the Black Hills National Forest and Andy Thorstenson and Cody Wienk from Wind Cave National Park for their help in locating prescribed burns to sample. The authors also thank Lance Asherin, Jay Aylward, Mike Peterkin, Charity Weaver, Andy Whelan, and Vicky Williams for their assistance in field data collection and entry. We also thank Rudy King for statistical consultations and Tara Keyser for valuable suggestions and recommendations during model building. The comments of two anonymous reviewers and Sharon Hood greatly improved the present manuscript. NR 58 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 13 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 2 BP 176 EP 190 DI 10.1071/WF07163 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 427UK UT WOS:000264804400005 ER PT J AU Clark, KL Skowronski, N Hom, J Duveneck, M Pan, Y Van Tuyl, S Cole, J Patterson, M Maurer, S AF Clark, Kenneth L. Skowronski, Nicholas Hom, John Duveneck, Matthew Pan, Yude Van Tuyl, Stephen Cole, Jason Patterson, Matthew Maurer, Stephen TI Decision support tools to improve the effectiveness of hazardous fuel reduction treatments in the New Jersey Pine Barrens SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article CT EastFIRE Conference 2007 CY JUN 05-08, 2007 CL Fairfax, VA DE forest productivity; fuel accumulation; fuel load estimates; LIDAR; prescribed fire treatments ID FOREST; LIDAR AB Our goal is to assist the New Jersey Forest Fire Service and federal wildland fire managers in the New Jersey Pine Barrens evaluate where and when to conduct hazardous fuel reduction treatments. We used remotely sensed LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging System) data and field sampling to estimate fuel loads and consumption during prescribed fire treatments. This information was integrated with data on prescribed fire treatments conducted by the New Jersey Forest Fire Service over the last 15 years to produce and interpret maps of current fuel loads. Forest productivity measurements and models were then used to estimate rates of fuel accumulation through time. We could then calculate return intervals for desired fuel load conditions. Through formal workshops and frequent discussions with state and federal fire managers, our results enhance the ability of these agencies to make key decisions regarding the effectiveness and longevity of hazardous fuels treatments. C1 [Clark, Kenneth L.; Skowronski, Nicholas; Hom, John; Pan, Yude; Van Tuyl, Stephen; Cole, Jason; Patterson, Matthew] US Forest Serv, Silas Little Expt Forest & No Global Change Progr, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Duveneck, Matthew] So Maine Community Coll, Fire Sci Dept, Portland, ME 04106 USA. [Maurer, Stephen] New Jersey Forest Fire Serv, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. RP Clark, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Silas Little Expt Forest & No Global Change Progr, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM kennethclark@fs.fed.us RI Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015; Skowronski, Nicholas/N-4417-2013 OI Skowronski, Nicholas/0000-0002-5801-5614 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 3 BP 268 EP 277 DI 10.1071/WF08080 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 450NE UT WOS:000266406600004 ER PT J AU Grayzeck-Souter, SA Nelson, KC Brummel, RF Jakes, P Williams, DR AF Grayzeck-Souter, Stephanie A. Nelson, Kristen C. Brummel, Rachel F. Jakes, Pamela Williams, Daniel R. TI Interpreting federal policy at the local level: the wildland-urban interface concept in wildfire protection planning in the eastern United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article CT EastFIRE Conference 2007 CY JUN 05-08, 2007 CL Fairfax, VA ID COMMUNITY RESPONSES; DEFENSIBLE SPACE; NEW-MEXICO; FIRE; MANAGEMENT; FLORIDA; MINNESOTA; THREATS AB In 2003, the Healthy Forests Restoration Act (HFRA) called for USA communities at risk of wildfire to develop Community Wildfire Protection Plans (CWPPs) requiring local, state and federal actors to work together to address hazardous fuels reduction and mitigation efforts. CWPPs can provide the opportunity for local government to influence actions on adjacent public land, by establishing local boundaries of the wildland-urban interface (WUI), the area where urban lands meet or intermix with wildlands. The present paper explores local response to the HFRA and CWPPs in the eastern USA, specifically if and how communities are using the policy incentive to identify the WUI. We conducted document reviews of eastern CWPPs, as well as qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with participants in four case studies. We found tremendous variation in local response to HFRA, with plans completed at multiple scales and using different planning templates. The WUI policy incentive was not used in all CWPPs, suggesting that the incentive is not as useful in the eastern USA, where public land is less dominant and the perceived fire risk is lower than in the West. Even so, many communities in the East completed CWPPs to improve their wildfire preparedness. C1 [Grayzeck-Souter, Stephanie A.; Nelson, Kristen C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Nelson, Kristen C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Brummel, Rachel F.] Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jakes, Pamela] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Williams, Daniel R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Grayzeck-Souter, SA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM stephanie.g.souter@gmail.com RI Williams, Daniel/D-8114-2011 OI Williams, Daniel/0000-0003-2428-0345 NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 11 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 3 BP 278 EP 289 DI 10.1071/WF08081 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 450NE UT WOS:000266406600005 ER PT J AU Hiers, JK O'Brien, JJ Mitchell, RJ Grego, JM Loudermilk, EL AF Hiers, J. Kevin O'Brien, Joseph J. Mitchell, R. J. Grego, John M. Loudermilk, E. Louise TI The wildland fuel cell concept: an approach to characterize fine-scale variation in fuels and fire in frequently burned longleaf pine forests SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT EastFIRE Conference 2007 CY JUN 05-08, 2007 CL Fairfax, VA DE fire behavior; fire effects; fuel heterogeneity; Pinus palustris; prescribed fire ID CHARACTERISTIC CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; HETEROGENEITY; INTENSITY; LANDSCAPE; BEHAVIOR; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; MANAGEMENT; PRAIRIE AB In ecosystems with frequent surface fire regimes, fire and fuel heterogeneity has been largely overlooked owing to the lack of unburned patches and the difficulty in measuring fire behavior at fine scales (0.1-10 m). The diverse vegetation in these ecosystems varies at these fine scales. This diversity could be driven by the influences of local interactions among patches of understorey vegetation and canopy-supplied fine fuels on fire behavior, yet no method we know of can capture fine-scale fuel and fire measurements such that these relationships could be rigorously tested. We present here an original method for inventorying of fine-scale fuels and in situ measures of fire intensity within longleaf pine forests of the south-eastern USA. Using ground-based LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) with traditional fuel inventory approaches, we characterized within-fuel bed variation into discrete patches, termed wildland fuel cells, which had distinct fuel composition, characteristics, and architecture that became spatially independent beyond 0.5 m(2). Spatially explicit fire behavior was measured in situ through digital infrared thermography. We found that fire temperatures and residence times varied at similar scales to those observed for wildland fuel cells. The wildland fuels cell concept could seamlessly connect empirical studies with numerical models or cellular automata models of fire behavior, representing a promising means to better predict within-burn heterogeneity and fire effects. C1 [O'Brien, Joseph J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hiers, J. Kevin; Mitchell, R. J.] Joseph W Jones Ecol Res Ctr Ichauway, Newton, GA 39870 USA. [Grego, John M.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Stat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Loudermilk, E. Louise] Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL USA. RP O'Brien, JJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jjobrien@fs.fed.us NR 56 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 29 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 3 BP 315 EP 325 DI 10.1071/WF08084 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 450NE UT WOS:000266406600009 ER PT J AU Liu, YQ Goodrick, S Achtemeier, G Jackson, WA Qu, JJ Wang, WT AF Liu, Yongqiang Goodrick, Scott Achtemeier, Gary Jackson, William A. Qu, John J. Wang, Wanting TI Smoke incursions into urban areas: simulation of a Georgia prescribed burn SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT EastFIRE Conference 2007 CY JUN 05-08, 2007 CL Fairfax, VA ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; SCAR-B; GOES-8; EMISSIONS; FIRES; MODEL AB This study investigates smoke incursion into urban areas by examining a prescribed burn in central Georgia, USA, on 28 February 2007. Simulations were conducted with a regional modeling framework to understand transport, dispersion, and structure of smoke plumes, the air quality effects, sensitivity to emissions, and the roles of burn management strategy in mitigating the effects. The results indicate that smoke plumes first went west, but turned north-west at noon owing to a shift in wind direction. The smoke then invaded metropolitan Atlanta during the evening rush hour. The plumes caused severe air quality problems in Atlanta. Some hourly ground PM2.5 (particulate matter not greater than 2.5 mu m in diameter) concentrations at three metropolitan Atlanta locations were three to four times as high as the daily (24-h) US National Ambient Air Quality Standard. The simulated shift in the smoke transport direction and the resultant effects on air quality are supported by the satellite and ambient air measurements. Two sensitivity simulations indicate a nearly linear relation between the emission intensities and PM2.5 concentrations. Two other simulations indicate that the impacts on air quality for the residents of Atlanta during the evening commute could have been reduced if the starting time of the burn had been altered. C1 [Liu, Yongqiang; Goodrick, Scott; Achtemeier, Gary] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Jackson, William A.] US Forest Serv, Natl Forests N Carolina, USDA, Asheville, NC 28802 USA. [Qu, John J.; Wang, Wanting] George Mason Univ, E Fire Lab, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Liu, YQ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM yliu@fs.fed.us RI Goodrick, Scott/A-9957-2009 NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 12 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 3 BP 336 EP 348 DI 10.1071/WF08082 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 450NE UT WOS:000266406600011 ER PT J AU Stottlemyer, AD Shelburne, VB Waldrop, TA Rideout-Hanzak, S Bridges, WC AF Stottlemyer, Aaron D. Shelburne, Victor B. Waldrop, Thomas A. Rideout-Hanzak, Sandra Bridges, William C. TI Fuel characterization in the southern Appalachian Mountains: an application of landscape ecosystem classification SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE Chauga Ridges; discriminant analysis; ecological units; ericaceous fuels; fuel loading; physiography; wildland fire ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; RHODODENDRON THICKETS; SITE PRODUCTIVITY; DECIDUOUS FOREST; FIRE; VEGETATION; USA; SUCCESSION; CAROLINA; INDEX AB Prescribed fire has been widely used in the south-eastern United States to meet forest management objectives, but has only recently been reintroduced to the southern Appalachian Mountains. Fuel information is not available to forest managers in this region and direct measurement is often impractical owing to steep, remote topography. The objective of the present study was to determine whether landscape ecosystem classification (LEC) site units support different types and amounts of fuel in the Chauga Ridges, a subregion of the Blue Ridge Mountain Province. Ecosystem classification identifies vegetation assemblages that are the expressive result of soils, physiography and vegetation, and recur predictably on the landscape. Four fuel complexes were identified using LEC units and field measurements of fuel characteristics. Fuel bed depth, duff (Oe + Oa) thickness, 1000-h fuel loading, and Rhododendron maximum, R. minus, and Vaccinium spp. ground cover were discriminating fuel characteristics of xeric, intermediate, submesic, and mesic site units. Discriminant function analysis provided an overall 64% cross-validation success rate using 138 undisturbed, randomly located plots. This method of characterizing fuel complexes may also be possible in other forested ecosystems where LECs or other ecological vegetation classifications have been developed. C1 [Stottlemyer, Aaron D.] Penn State Univ, Du Bois, PA 15801 USA. [Shelburne, Victor B.] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Waldrop, Thomas A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Rideout-Hanzak, Sandra] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Range Wildlife & Fisheries Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Bridges, William C.] Clemson Univ, Dept Appl Econ & Stat, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. RP Stottlemyer, AD (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Du Bois, PA 15801 USA. EM ads175@psu.edu FU Interagency Joint Fire Science Program [01-1-4-02] FX Funding for the present study was provided by Interagency Joint Fire Science Program grant 01-1-4-02. We thank Adam Coates for assisting with field work during the 2003 field season and Geoff Wang and two anonymous reviewers for useful comments. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 4 BP 423 EP 429 DI 10.1071/WF08017 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 463WY UT WOS:000267465600006 ER PT J AU Keyser, TL Smith, FW Shepperd, WD AF Keyser, Tara L. Smith, Frederick W. Shepperd, Wayne D. TI Short-term impact of post-fire salvage logging on regeneration, hazardous fuel accumulation, and understorey development in ponderosa pine forests of the Black Hills, SD, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE exotic species; fuel load; mixed-severity; Pinus ponderosa; wildfire ID MIXED-SEVERITY WILDFIRE; SOUTH-DAKOTA; DOUGLAS-FIR; VEGETATION; MORTALITY; COMPETITION AB We examined the impacts of post-fire salvage logging on regeneration, fuel accumulation, and understorey vegetation and assessed whether the effects of salvage logging differed between stands burned under moderate and high fire severity following the 2000 Jasper Fire in the Black Hills. In unsalvaged sites, fire-related tree mortality created a large standing pool of available fuel, resulting in a rapid increase in surface fuel loads. After 5 years, fine woody debris (FWD) and coarse woody debris (CWD) increased similar to 1380% and 980% in unsalvaged sites, resulting in FWD and CWD loads of 13 and 25 Mg ha(-1), respectively. In contrast, salvage logging limited the rate of accumulation of FWD to similar to 110% over the same time period and total accumulation of CWD to 16 Mg ha(-1). In moderate-severity sites, regeneration was 75% lower in salvaged sites owing to low seed-tree retention, suggesting a re-evaluation of salvage guidelines during future operations in the Black Hills. The likelihood of timely regeneration in high-severity sites, regardless of salvage treatment, is low. We found no discernible effect of salvage logging on understorey development 5 years after fire. Logging caused neither a reduction in total plant cover nor an increase in the abundance of exotic species. C1 [Keyser, Tara L.; Smith, Frederick W.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Shepperd, Wayne D.] USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Keyser, TL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 1577 Brevard Rd, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. EM tkeyser@fs.fed.us FU Black Hills National Forest service [0203 01-007]; McIntire-Stennis program; Hills National Forest FX The present research, as part of the Jasper Fire Monitoring Project, was funded through the Black Hills National Forest service agreement no. 0203 01-007 and the McIntire-Stennis program. We gratefully acknowledge our dedicated field-crews and volunteers who assisted in data collection and processing throughout the years. We also thank Blaine Cook of the Black Hills National Forest for his continued support and assistance throughout the present study and Rudy King for assistance with design and statistical analysis. Comments from two anonymous reviewers and associate editor greatly improved this manuscript. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 25 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 4 BP 451 EP 458 DI 10.1071/WF08004 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 463WY UT WOS:000267465600009 ER PT J AU Dolling, K Chu, PS Fujioka, F AF Dolling, Klaus Chu, Pao-Shin Fujioka, Francis TI Natural variability of the Keetch-Byram Drought Index in the Hawaiian Islands SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID EL-NINO; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; RAINFALL AB The Hawaiian Islands experience damaging wildfires on a yearly basis. Soil moisture or lack thereof influences the amount and flammability of vegetation. Incorporating daily maximum temperatures and daily rainfall amounts, the Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI) estimates the amount of soil moisture by tracking daily maximum temperatures and rainfall. A previous study found a strong link between the KBDI and total area burned on the four main Hawaiian Islands. The present paper further examines the natural variability of the KBDI. The times of year at which the KBDI is highest, representing the highest fire danger, are found at each of the 27 stations on the island chain. Spectral analysis is applied to investigate the variability of the KBDI on longer time scales. Windward and leeward stations are shown to have different sensitivities to large-scale climatic fluctuations. An El Nino signal displays a strong relationship with leeward stations, when examined with a band-pass filter and with a composite of standardized anomalies. Departure patterns of atmospheric circulations and sea surface temperatures over the North Pacific are investigated for composites of extremely high KBDI values when fire risk is high. The winter, spring, and fall show anomalous surface anticyclonic circulations, surface divergence, and subsidence over the islands for the upper quartile of KBDI. The winter, spring, and fall composites of equatorial sea surface temperatures for the upper quartile of KBDI are investigated for possible links to atmospheric circulations. These analyses are an effort to allow fire managers some lead time in predicting future fire risks. C1 [Dolling, Klaus; Chu, Pao-Shin] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Meteorol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Fujioka, Francis] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Dolling, K (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Meteorol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM dolling@hawaii.edu FU USDA Forest Service [01-CA-11272169-124, 05-JV-11272165-015] FX The present study has been supported by the USDA Forest Service projects 01-CA-11272169-124 and 05-JV-11272165-015. We would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers and the associate editor for their helpful suggestions. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 4 BP 459 EP 475 DI 10.1071/WF06146 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 463WY UT WOS:000267465600010 ER PT J AU Goodrick, SL Hanley, DE AF Goodrick, Scott L. Hanley, Deborah E. TI Florida wildfire activity and atmospheric teleconnections SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID WINTER TEMPERATURES; NORTHERN EUROPE; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; OSCILLATION; GREENLAND; CLIMATE; PATTERN; SEESAW AB Since 1991, the Florida Division of Forestry has been making seasonal fire severity forecasts based on a relationship between area burned in Florida and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The present study extends the original analysis on which these forecasts are based and attempts to augment it with the addition of other patterns of climate variability. Two atmospheric teleconnection patterns, the North Atlantic Oscillation and Pacific-North American pattern, are examined as potential indicators of seasonal and monthly area burned in Florida. Although ENSO was the only climate index to show a significant correlation to area burned in Florida, the Pacific-North American pattern (PNA) is shown to be a factor influencing fire season severity although the relationship is not monotonic and therefore not revealed by correlation analysis. C1 [Goodrick, Scott L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hanley, Deborah E.] Florida Div Forestry, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. RP Goodrick, SL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM sgoodrick@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service National Fire Plan grant [01.SRSA4]; [01-DG-11330136-359] FX The present research was supported through a US Forest Service National Fire Plan grant (01.SRSA4) and subaward 01-DG-11330136-359 to the Florida Division of Forestry. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 4 BP 476 EP 482 DI 10.1071/WF07034 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 463WY UT WOS:000267465600011 ER PT J AU Preisler, HK Burgan, RE Eidenshink, JC Klaver, JM Klaver, RW AF Preisler, Haiganoush K. Burgan, Robert E. Eidenshink, Jeffery C. Klaver, Jacqueline M. Klaver, Robert W. TI Forecasting distributions of large federal-lands fires utilizing satellite and gridded weather information SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire business; fire danger; fire distribution; fire mapping; fire occurrence; semi-parametric logistic regression; spatial mapping; statistical comparisons of fire danger indices ID MODELS AB The current study presents a statistical model for assessing the skill of fire danger indices and for forecasting the distribution of the expected numbers of large fires over a given region and for the upcoming week. The procedure permits development of daily maps that forecast, for the forthcoming week and within federal lands, percentiles of the distributions of (i) number of ignitions; (ii) number of fires above a given size; (iii) conditional probabilities of fires greater than a specified size, given ignition. As an illustration, we used the methods to study the skill of the Fire Potential Index - an index that incorporates satellite and surface observations to map fire potential at a national scale - in forecasting distributions of large fires. C1 [Preisler, Haiganoush K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Burgan, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Eidenshink, Jeffery C.; Klaver, Robert W.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Preisler, HK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM hpreisler@fs.fed.us NR 26 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 5 BP 508 EP 516 DI 10.1071/WF08032 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 481KM UT WOS:000268809000002 ER PT J AU Dickinson, JD Robinson, AP Gessler, PE Harrod, RJ Smith, AMS AF Dickinson, James D. Robinson, Andrew P. Gessler, Paul E. Harrod, Richy J. Smith, Alistair M. S. TI Flatland in flames: a two-dimensional crown fire propagation model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE canopy bulk density; crown fire; equivalence test; foliar biomass per unit area; FBA ID FOREST STRUCTURE; BULK-DENSITY; BEHAVIOR; FUELS; GENERATION; PARAMETERS; CASCADES; IMAGERY; LIDAR AB The canopy bulk density metric is used to describe the fuel available for combustion in crown fire models. We propose modifying the Van Wagner crown fire propagation model, used to estimate the critical rate of spread necessary to sustain active crown fire, to use foliar biomass per square metre instead of canopy bulk density as the fuel input. We tested the efficacy of our proposed model by comparing predictions of crown fire propagation with Van Wagner's original data. Our proposed model correctly predicted each instance of crown fire presented in the seminal study. We then tested the proposed model for statistical equivalence to the original Van Wagner model using two contemporary techniques to parameterize canopy bulk density. We found the proposed and original models to be statistically equivalent when canopy bulk density was parameterized using the method incorporated in the Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator (difference < 0.5 km h(-1), alpha = 0.05, n = 2626), but not when parameterized using the method of Cruz and others. Use of foliar biomass per unit area in the proposed model makes for more accurate and easily obtained fuel estimates without sacrificing the utility of the Van Wagner model. C1 [Dickinson, James D.; Harrod, Richy J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Robinson, Andrew P.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Gessler, Paul E.; Smith, Alistair M. S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Dickinson, JD (reprint author), USFS Pacific NW Res Lab, 1133 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM jddickinson@fs.fed.us RI Robinson, Andrew/F-5291-2011; Smith, Alistair/I-3162-2014; OI Smith, Alistair/0000-0003-0071-9958; Robinson, Andrew/0000-0002-0509-6043 FU NSF Idaho EPSCoR Program; National Science Foundation [EPS-0814387] FX The authors wish to thank Jack Cohen for his insight and advice; Darci Carlson for her patience; Nicholas Povak, Martin Alexander and two anonymous reviewers for their comments. We also acknowledge the Wenatchee Forestry Sciences Laboratory as well as the Okanogan and Wenatchee National Forests for the time and support to perform and publish the present research. Partial support for Smith was obtained from the NSF Idaho EPSCoR Program and by the National Science Foundation under award number EPS-0814387. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 5 BP 527 EP 535 DI 10.1071/WF07107 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 481KM UT WOS:000268809000004 ER PT J AU Lentile, LB Smith, AMS Hudak, AT Morgan, P Bobbitt, MJ Lewis, SA Robichaud, PR AF Lentile, Leigh B. Smith, Alistair M. S. Hudak, Andrew T. Morgan, Penelope Bobbitt, Michael J. Lewis, Sarah A. Robichaud, Peter R. TI Remote sensing for prediction of 1-year post-fire ecosystem condition SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE burn severity; char; Landsat ETM; ponderosa pine; subpixel; unmixing ID NORMALIZED BURN RATIO; MIXED-SEVERITY WILDFIRE; PONDEROSA PINE FOREST; DAKOTA BLACK-HILLS; FIRE SEVERITY; SOUTH-DAKOTA; LAND-COVER; HETEROGENEOUS LANDSCAPE; VEGETATION INDEXES; AFRICAN SAVANNAS AB Appropriate use of satellite data in predicting > 1 year post-fire effects requires remote measurement of surface properties that can be mechanistically related to ground measures of post-fire condition. The present study of burned ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests in the Black Hills of South Dakota evaluates whether immediate fractional cover estimates of char, green vegetation and brown (non-photosynthetic) vegetation within a pixel are improved predictors of 1-year post-fire field measures, when compared with single-date and differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR and dNBR) indices. The modeled estimate of immediate char fraction either equaled or outperformed all other immediate metrics in predicting 1-year post-fire effects. Brown cover fraction was a poor predictor of all effects (r(2) < 0.30), and each remote measure produced only poor predictions of crown scorch (r(2) < 0.20). Application of dNBR (1 year post) provided a considerable increase in regression performance for predicting tree survival. Immediate post-fire NBR or dNBR produced only marginal differences in predictions of all the 1-year post-fire effects, perhaps limiting the need for prefire imagery. Although further research is clearly warranted to evaluate fire effects data available 2-20 years after fire, char and green vegetation fractions may be viable alternatives to dNBR and similar indices to predict longer-term post-fire ecological effects. C1 [Lentile, Leigh B.] Univ South, Dept Forestry & Geol, Sewanee, TN 37383 USA. [Smith, Alistair M. S.; Morgan, Penelope; Bobbitt, Michael J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.; Lewis, Sarah A.; Robichaud, Peter R.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Lentile, LB (reprint author), Univ South, Dept Forestry & Geol, Sewanee, TN 37383 USA. EM lblentil@sewanee.edu RI Smith, Alistair/I-3162-2014 OI Smith, Alistair/0000-0003-0071-9958 FU Black Hills National Forest [0203-01-007]; Monitoring Fire Effects and Vegetation Recovery on the Jasper Fire; Black Hills National Forest; South Dakota to Rocky Mountain Research Station; Colorado State University; Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture [03-JV-11222065-279]; USDA/USDI Joint Fire Science Program [03-2-1-02, 05-4-107]; NSF Idaho EPSCoR Program; National Science Foundation [EPS-0814387] FX The present fieldwork component of the current study was funded by the Black Hills National Forest through In-Service Agreement No. 0203-01-007, Monitoring Fire Effects and Vegetation Recovery on the Jasper Fire, Black Hills National Forest, South Dakota to Rocky Mountain Research Station and Colorado State University. The subsequent research was supported in part by funds provided by the Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture (03-JV-11222065-279) and the USDA/USDI Joint Fire Science Program (Projects 03-2-1-02 and 05-4-107). Partial support for Smith was obtained from the NSF Idaho EPSCoR Program and by the National Science Foundation under award number EPS-0814387. We thank the Associate Editor, Mark Cochrane and the other anonymous reviewer whose comments greatly improved the present manuscript. NR 76 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 16 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 5 BP 594 EP 608 DI 10.1071/WF07091 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 481KM UT WOS:000268809000010 ER PT J AU Goergen, EM Chambers, JC AF Goergen, Erin M. Chambers, Jeanne C. TI Influence of a native legume on soil N and plant response following prescribed fire in sagebrush steppe SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE community recovery; disturbance; Lupinus argenteus; nitrogen ID PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS; ACETYLENE-REDUCTION ACTIVITY; NORTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA; GREAT-BASIN; NITROGEN-FIXATION; BROMUS-TECTORUM; FOREST SOIL; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; VEGETATIVE RESPONSE; HERBACEOUS LEGUMES AB Woodland expansion affects grasslands and shrublands on a global scale. Prescribed fire is a potential restoration tool, but recovery depends on nutrient availability and species responses after burning. Fire often leads to long-term losses in total nitrogen, but presence of native legumes can influence recovery through addition of fixed nitrogen. We examined the effects of prescribed fire in the central Great Basin, Nevada, USA, on density, biomass and nutrient content of a native legume, Lupinus argenteus (Pursh), and the effects of Lupinus presence and prescribed fire on soil inorganic nitrogen and on neighboring plant functional groups. We examined three treatments - 1 year post-burn, 3 years post-burn and unburned control in three replicate blocks. Extractable soil inorganic nitrogen was variable and, despite a tendency towards increased inorganic nitrogen 1 year post-burn, differences among treatments were not significant. Extractable soil inorganic nitrogen was higher in Lupinus presence regardless of time since fire. Lupinus density increased after fire mainly owing to increased seedling numbers 3 years post-burn. Fire did not affect Lupinus tissue N and P concentrations, but cover of perennial grasses and forbs was higher in Lupinus presence. The invasive annual grass Bromus tectorum had low abundance and was unaffected by treatments. Results indicate that Lupinus has the potential to influence succession through modification of the post-fire environment. C1 [Goergen, Erin M.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Goergen, EM (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, 1000 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM goergene@unr.nevada.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research station; Center for Invasive Plant Management seed money FX We thank D. Board, E. Hoskins, K. Vicencio, R. Blank and T. Morgan for valuable assistance in the field and lab, D. Board and D. Turner for statistical guidance, and D. Johnson, R. Qualls, P. Weisberg, P. Verburg and anonymous reviewers for valuable comments that greatly improved this manuscript. Financial support was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research station and from a Center for Invasive Plant Management seed money grant to J. C. Chambers and E. M. Goergen. Treatments and logistic support were provided by Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. NR 86 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 6 BP 665 EP 675 DI 10.1071/WF08067 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 497BX UT WOS:000270030500005 ER PT J AU Loudermilk, EL Hiers, JK O'Brien, JJ Mitchell, RJ Singhania, A Fernandez, JC Cropper, WP Slatton, KC AF Loudermilk, E. Louise Hiers, J. Kevin O'Brien, Joseph J. Mitchell, Robert J. Singhania, Abhinav Fernandez, Juan C. Cropper, Wendell P., Jr. Slatton, K. Clint TI Ground-based LIDAR: a novel approach to quantify fine-scale fuelbed characteristics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fuel sampling; ILRIS; longleaf pine; saw palmetto; wax myrtle; wiregrass ID FOREST CANOPY STRUCTURE; SCANNING LIDAR; LEAF-AREA; AIRBORNE; RESOLUTION; DENSITY; HEIGHT; SYSTEM AB Ground-based LIDAR (also known as laser ranging) is a novel technique that may precisely quantify fuelbed characteristics important in determining fire behavior. We measured fuel properties within a south-eastern US longleaf pine woodland at the individual plant and fuelbed scale. Data were collected using a mobile terrestrial LIDAR unit at sub-cm scale for individual fuel types (shrubs) and heterogeneous fuelbed plots. Spatially explicit point-intercept fuel sampling also measured fuelbed heights and volume, while leaf area and biomass measurements of whole and sectioned shrubs were determined from destructive sampling. Volumes obtained by LIDAR and traditional methods showed significant discrepancies. We found that traditional means overestimated volume for shrub fuel types because of variation in leaf area distribution within shrub canopies. LIDAR volume estimates were correlated with biomass and leaf area for individual shrubs when factored by species, size, and plant section. Fuelbed heights were found to be highly variable among the fuel plots, and ground LIDAR was more sensitive to capturing the height variation than traditional point intercept sampling. Ground LIDAR is a promising technology capable of measuring complex surface fuels and fuel characteristics, such as fuel volume. C1 [Loudermilk, E. Louise] Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hiers, J. Kevin; Mitchell, Robert J.] Joseph W Jones Ecol Res Ctr Ichauway, Newton, GA 39870 USA. [O'Brien, Joseph J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Singhania, Abhinav; Fernandez, Juan C.] Univ Florida, Geosensing Engn & Mapping Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Cropper, Wendell P., Jr.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Slatton, K. Clint] Univ Florida, Dept Civil & Coastal Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Slatton, K. Clint] Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Loudermilk, EL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, POB 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM louisel@ufl.edu RI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/E-5952-2010 OI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/0000-0001-7851-7382 FU Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center FX We thank the people at the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center for their support, especially Matthew Greene and Jason McGee for their hard field and laboratory work. The staff at the Ordway-Swisher Biological Station, namely Steve Coates and James Perry, have been important contacts for the pilot stage of this research. None of this could have been done without the National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) at the University of Florida providing the MTLS and engineering expertise. NR 32 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 24 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 6 BP 676 EP 685 DI 10.1071/WF07138 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 497BX UT WOS:000270030500006 ER PT J AU Kane, JM Varner, JM Knapp, EE AF Kane, Jeffrey M. Varner, J. Morgan Knapp, Eric E. TI Novel fuelbed characteristics associated with mechanical mastication treatments in northern California and south-western Oregon, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE Arctostaphylos; Ceanothus; fuel loading; fuels management; mechanical fuels treatment ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; TREE MORTALITY; PRESCRIBED FIRE; MANAGEMENT; REDUCTION; BEHAVIOR; PINE AB Mechanically masticated fuelbeds are distinct from natural or logging slash fuelbeds, with different particle size distributions, bulk density, and particle shapes, leading to challenges in predicting fire behavior and effects. Our study quantified some physical properties of fuel particles (e.g. squared quadratic mean diameter, proportion of non-cylindrical particles) and surface fuel loading with planar intercept and plot-based methods in 10 mechanically masticated sites in northern California and south-western Oregon. Total woody fuel load differed among masticated sites, ranging from 15.3 to 63.4 Mg ha(-1), with the majority of the load concentrated in the 10-h (53.7%) and 1-h (29.2%) time-lag classes. Masticated fuels were densely packed, with total depths ranging from 4.6 to 8.0 cm and fuelbed bulk densities ranging from 45.9 to 115.3 kg m(-3). To accurately quantify loading in masticated fuelbeds, we recommend using a hybrid methodology, where 1-h and 10-h fuel loadings are estimated using a plot-based method and 100-h and 1000-h fuel loadings are estimated using the standard planar intercept method. Most masticated fuelbeds differed in loading by fuel class and fuelbed depth, when compared with existing natural and slash-based fuelbeds, suggesting new fire behavior fuel models specific to masticated fuelbeds may be warranted. C1 [Kane, Jeffrey M.; Varner, J. Morgan] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Knapp, Eric E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Kane, JM (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM jeffreykane@gmail.com RI Kane, Jeffrey/G-7426-2011 FU Joint Fire Science Program; JFSP [05-2-1-20] FX This project was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program, JFSP project no. 05-2-1-20. J. D. Stuart, C. Skinner, J. S. Glitzenstein, and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful comments to earlier drafts. Field data collection and sample processing was completed by E. Dotson and E. Orling, with supplemental help from P. Zhang, J. Kreye, andB. Graham. Additional thanks to P. Sikkink for providing the bootstrapping code in S-Plus. NR 35 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 8 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 6 BP 686 EP 697 DI 10.1071/WF08072 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 497BX UT WOS:000270030500007 ER PT J AU Bova, AS Dickinson, MB AF Bova, Anthony S. Dickinson, Matthew B. TI An inverse method to estimate stem surface heat flux in wildland fires SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE heat transfer; mass flux; modeling ID CONDUCTION PROBLEMS; TISSUE NECROSIS; MODEL; DECOMPOSITION; VEGETATION; WOOD AB Models of wildland fire-induced stem heating and tissue necrosis require accurate estimates of inward heat flux at the bark surface. Thermocouple probes or heat flux sensors placed at a stem surface do not mimic the thermal response of tree bark to flames. We show that data from thin thermocouple probes inserted just below the bark can be used, by means of a one-dimensional inverse heat conduction method, to estimate net heat flux (inward minus outward heat flow) and temperature at the bark surface. Further, we estimate outward heat flux from emitted water vapor and bark surface re-radiation. Estimates of surface heat flux and temperature made by the inverse method confirm that surface-mounted heat flux sensors and thermocouple probes overestimate surface heat flux and temperature. As a demonstration of the utility of the method, we characterized uneven stem heating, due to leeward, flame-driven vortices, in a prescribed surface fire. Advantages of using an inverse method include lower cost, ease of multipoint measurements and negligible effects on the target stem. Drawbacks of the simple inverse model described herein include inability to estimate heat flux in very moist bark and uncertainty in estimates when extensive charring occurs. C1 [Bova, Anthony S.; Dickinson, Matthew B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Bova, AS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM abova@fs.fed.us OI Dickinson, Matthew/0000-0003-3635-1219 NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 6 BP 711 EP 721 DI 10.1071/WF07122 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 497BX UT WOS:000270030500009 ER PT J AU Lutz, JA van Wagtendonk, JW Thode, AE Miller, JD Franklin, JF AF Lutz, James A. van Wagtendonk, Jan W. Thode, Andrea E. Miller, Jay D. Franklin, Jerry F. TI Climate, lightning ignitions, and fire severity in Yosemite National Park, California, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE burn severity; climate change; climate variability; fire regime attributes; landscape flammability; normalized burn ratio; patch complexity; RdNBR; Sierra Nevada; snowpack; snow water equivalent ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SIERRA-NEVADA; BURN SEVERITY; WILDFIRE; FOREST; REGIMES; SUCCESSION; VEGETATION; SNOWPACK; HISTORY AB Continental-scale studies of western North America have attributed recent increases in annual area burned and fire size to a warming climate, but these studies have focussed on large fires and have left the issues of fire severity and ignition frequency unaddressed. Lightning ignitions, any of which could burn a large area given appropriate conditions for fire spread, could be the first indication of more frequent fire. We examined the relationship between snowpack and the ignition and size of fires that occurred in Yosemite National Park, California (area 3027 km(2)), between 1984 and 2005. During this period, 1870 fires burned 77 718 ha. Decreased spring snowpack exponentially increased the number of lightning-ignited fires. Snowpack mediated lightning-ignited fires by decreasing the proportion of lightning strikes that caused lightning-ignited fires and through fewer lightning strikes in years with deep snowpack. We also quantified fire severity for the 103 fires > 40 ha with satellite fire-severity indices using 23 years of Landsat Thematic Mapper data. The proportion of the landscape that burned at higher severities and the complexity of higher-severity burn patches increased with the log(10) of annual area burned. Using one snowpack forecast, we project that the number of lightning-ignited fires will increase 19.1% by 2020 to 2049 and the annual area burned at high severity will increase 21.9%. Climate-induced decreases in snowpack and the concomitant increase in fire severity suggest that existing assumptions may be understated fires may become more frequent and more severe. C1 [Lutz, James A.; Franklin, Jerry F.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [van Wagtendonk, Jan W.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, El Portal, CA 95318 USA. [Thode, Andrea E.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Miller, Jay D.] US Forest Serv, Mcclellan, CA 95652 USA. RP Lutz, JA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jlutz@u.washington.edu RI Lutz, James/B-3785-2012 FU National Science Foundation IGERT [0333408]; Seattle ARCS Foundation FX We thank Yosemite National Park, the US Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, and the California Department of Water Resources for data and data management. We thank J. K. Agee, A. J. Larson, D. McKenzie, and A. L. Westerling for discussions. Comments from J. A. Freund, A. R. Gillespie, C. B. Halpern, T. M. Hinckley, D. G. Sprugel, and two anonymous reviewers improved previous versions of this manuscript. This research was supported by National Science Foundation IGERT (0333408) and the Seattle ARCS Foundation. NR 65 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 4 U2 36 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 7 BP 765 EP 774 DI 10.1071/WF08117 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 511KP UT WOS:000271163500003 ER PT J AU Lutes, DC Keane, RE Caratti, JF AF Lutes, Duncan C. Keane, Robert E. Caratti, John F. TI A surface fuel classification for estimating fire effects SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fuel loading; fuel mapping; simulation modeling; smoke; soil temperature ID MULTIPLE SCALES; BURNOUT MODEL; SOIL; CALIBRATION; MOISTURE; SYSTEM; DUFF AB We present a classification of duff, litter, fine woody debris, and logs that can be used to stratify a project area into sites with fuel loading that yield significantly different emissions and maximum soil surface temperature. Total particulate matter smaller than 2.5 mu m in diameter and maximum soil surface temperature were simulated using the First Order Fire Effects Model. Simulation results were clustered into 10 Effects Groups using an agglomerative routine where each Effects Group defined a unique range of soil temperature and emissions. Classification tree analysis was used to estimate the critical duff, litter, fine woody debris, and log loadings associated with the soil temperature and emissions of each Effects Group. The resulting 21 fuel classes are called Fuel Loading Models and classified the study dataset with an similar to 34% misclassification rate. The classification can be used to describe fuel loadings for a plot or stand, or as map units for mapping fuel loadings across large regions. The classification process can be used to develop finer-scale fuel classifications for specific regions or ecosystems. C1 [Lutes, Duncan C.; Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Caratti, John F.] Syst Environm Management, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Lutes, DC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 US Highway 10 W, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM dlutes@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service Fire and Aviation Management; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Systems for Environmental Management FX This work was partially funded by the USDA Forest Service Fire and Aviation Management and Rocky Mountain Research Station. Additional support was provided by Systems for Environmental Management. We thank Paul Zang and Jason Wagner of the Department of Army; Charley Martin of the Bureau of Land Management; Arnie Browning of the Bureau of Indian Affairs; Chris Woodall, Roger Ottmar, Susan Prichard, Jessica Miesel, Joe Vukelich, and Renee Lundberg of the US Forest Service; Karen Short and Jennifer Long of Systems for Environmental Management and the Student Conservation Association for providing data for this study. We thank Rudy King, Roger Ottmar, Elizabeth Reinhardt, Matt Reeves, Pam Sikkink, and the anonymous reviewers for their useful comments. NR 52 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 7 BP 802 EP 814 DI 10.1071/WF08062 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 511KP UT WOS:000271163500006 ER PT J AU Hanson, CT North, MP AF Hanson, Chad T. North, Malcolm P. TI Post-fire survival and flushing in three Sierra Nevada conifers with high initial crown scorch SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire severity; Jeffrey pine; ponderosa pine; red fir ID PONDEROSA PINE; PRESCRIBED FIRES; ABIES-CONCOLOR; TREE MORTALITY; FORESTS; SEVERITY; COLORADO; WILDFIRE; WEST AB With growing debate over the impacts of post-fire salvage logging in conifer forests of the western USA, managers need accurate assessments of tree survival when significant proportions of the crown have been scorched. The accuracy of fire severity measurements will be affected if trees that initially appear to be fire-killed prove to be viable after longer observation. Our goal was to quantify the extent to which three common Sierra Nevada conifer species may 'flush' (produce new foliage in the year following a fire from scorched portions of the crown) and survive after fire, and to identify tree or burn characteristics associated with survival. We found that, among ponderosa pines (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws) and Jeffrey pines (Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf) with 100% initial crown scorch (no green foliage following the fire), the majority of mature trees flushed, and survived. Red fir (Abies magnifica A. Murr.) with high crown scorch (mean = 90%) also flushed, and most large trees survived. Our results indicate that, if flushing is not taken into account, fire severity assessments will tend to overestimate mortality and post-fire salvage could remove many large trees that appear dead but are not. C1 [Hanson, Chad T.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [North, Malcolm P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Hanson, CT (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cthanson@ucdavis.edu NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 7 BP 857 EP 864 DI 10.1071/WF08129 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 511KP UT WOS:000271163500012 ER PT J AU Pickett, BM Isackson, C Wunder, R Fletcher, TH Butler, BW Weise, DR AF Pickett, Brent M. Isackson, Carl Wunder, Rebecca Fletcher, Thomas H. Butler, Bret W. Weise, David R. TI Flame interactions and burning characteristics of two live leaf samples SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID IGNITION BEHAVIOR; FIRE SPREAD; LEAVES AB Combustion experiments were performed over a flat-flame burner that provided the heat source for multiple leaf samples. Interactions of the combustion behavior between two leaf samples were studied. Two leaves were placed in the path of the flat-flame burner, with the top leaf 2.5 cm above the bottom leaf. Local gas and particle temperatures, as well as local oxygen concentrations, were measured along with burning characteristics of both leaves. Results showed that the time to ignition of the upper leaf was not significantly affected by the presence of the lower leaf. The major difference observed was that the time of flame duration of the upper leaf was significantly affected by the presence of the lower leaf. Causes for the prolonged flame were found to be the consumption of oxygen by the burning lower leaf and the obstruction provided by the lower leaf, causing a wake effect, thus altering the combustion behavior of the upper leaf. C1 [Pickett, Brent M.; Isackson, Carl; Wunder, Rebecca; Fletcher, Thomas H.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Butler, Bret W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Weise, David R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Forest Fire Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Fletcher, TH (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM tom_fletcher@byu.edu FU USDA/USDI National Fire Plan administered through a Research Joint Venture Agreement [01-CR-11272166-060]; Pacific Southwest Research Station; USDA Forest Service, Riverside, CA; Forest Fire Laboratory; Rocky Mountain Research Station; USDA Forest Service, Missoula, MT FX This research was funded by the USDA/USDI National Fire Plan administered through a Research Joint Venture Agreement (No. 01-CR-11272166-060) with collaboration with the Forest Fire Laboratory, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Riverside, CA, and the Forest Fire Laboratory, Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Missoula, MT. Special thanks to Joey Chong from the Riverside Forest Fire Laboratory, who helped with the collection of chaparral samples. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 7 BP 865 EP 874 DI 10.1071/WF08143 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 511KP UT WOS:000271163500013 ER PT J AU Larkin, NK O'Neill, SM Solomon, R Raffuse, S Strand, T Sullivan, DC Krull, C Rorig, M Peterson, JL Ferguson, SA AF Larkin, Narasimhan K. O'Neill, Susan M. Solomon, Robert Raffuse, Sean Strand, Tara Sullivan, Dana C. Krull, Candace Rorig, Miriam Peterson, Janice L. Ferguson, Sue A. TI The BlueSky smoke modeling framework SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FORECASTING SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; FIRE; VERIFICATION AB Smoke from fire is a local, regional and often international issue that is growing in complexity as competition for airshed resources increases. BlueSky is a smoke modeling framework designed to help address this problem by enabling simulations of the cumulative smoke impacts from fires (prescribed, wildland, and agricultural) across a region. Versions of BlueSky have been implemented in prediction systems across the contiguous US, and land managers, air-quality regulators, incident command teams, and the general public can currently obtain BlueSky-based predictions of smoke impacts for their region. A highly modular framework, BlueSky links together a variety of state-of-the-art models of meteorology, fuels, consumption, emissions, and air quality, and offers multiple model choices at each modeling step. This modularity also allows direct comparison between similar component models. This paper presents the overall model framework Version 2.5 - the component models, how they are linked together, and the results from case studies of two wildfires. Predicted results are affected by the specific choice of modeling pathway. With the pathway chosen, the modeled output generally compares well with plume shape and extent as observed by satellites, but underpredicts surface concentrations as observed by ground monitors. Sensitivity studies show that knowledge of fire behavior can greatly improve the accuracy of these smoke impact calculations. C1 [Larkin, Narasimhan K.; Solomon, Robert; Strand, Tara; Krull, Candace; Rorig, Miriam; Ferguson, Sue A.] US Forest Serv, AirFire Team, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [O'Neill, Susan M.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Raffuse, Sean; Sullivan, Dana C.] Sonoma Technol Inc, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA. RP Larkin, NK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, AirFire Team, Pacific NW Res Stn, 400 N 34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM larkin@fs.fed.us FU National Fire Plan; Joint Fire Science Program; USFS Fire and Aviation Management; US Department of Interior; USFS Region 6; US EPA; National Aerospace and Space Administration FX BlueSky was originally conceived by the late Sue Ferguson, whose energy and enthusiasm helped bring it to fruition. The present research was supported by the National Fire Plan, the Joint Fire Science Program, USFS Fire and Aviation Management, the US Department of Interior, USFS Region 6, the US EPA, and the National Aerospace and Space Administration. The authors wish to acknowledge the special efforts of Wes Adkins, Casey Anderson, Ray Peterson, Jeanne Hoadley, Trent Piepho, Don Matheny, Bob Kotchenruther, and Rob Wilson. Special thanks go to the BlueSky Smoke Modeling Consortium, the BlueSkyRAINS-West Demonstration Project, Cliff Mass and the Northwest Regional Modeling Consortium, and the FCAMMS personnel for their input and collaboration; to Al Riebau and Peter Lahm for their guidance; and to Sheila Kirby for editorial suggestions and support. NR 39 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 4 U2 18 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2009 VL 18 IS 8 BP 906 EP 920 DI 10.1071/WF07086 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 529VD UT WOS:000272546000002 ER PT B AU Grow, S Greene, C AF Grow, S. Greene, C. BE Canavari, M Cantore, N Castellini, A Pignatti, E Spadoni, R TI The structural evolution of organic farms in the USA: the international market effect SO INTERNATIONAL MARKETING AND TRADE OF QUALITY FOOD PRODUCTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE organic agriculture; organic certification; small-scale farmers; international trade AB Rapid growth of the organic agricultural sector in the U. S. and implementation of the U. S. Department of Agriculture's national organic standards in 2002 have lead to concerns that organic production could become increasingly concentrated on larger U. S. and international farms, disrupting the market access of small domestic organic producers. However, data on the U. S. organic agriculture show that the smallest-scale farms continue to hold a small but stable piece of the organic sector and that U. S. organic farm size has grown slowly. The amount of land under organic production worldwide is growing rapidly, particularly in developing countries producing commodities for export, many of which are not widely grown in the U. S. Small-scale producers using direct markets have likely been least impacted from increased organic imports, while producers of organic oilseeds and cotton have likely been most impacted. Federal and State government agencies and the private sector have launched initiatives to sustain small-farm participation in the U. S. organic sector. Programs to better serve organic producers in the U. S. and to differentiate organic and non-organic imports and exports are being developed at the federal level. C1 [Grow, S.; Greene, C.] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Grow, S (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 1800 M St NW,Rm S4051, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM cgreene@ers.usda.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WAGENINGEN ACAD PUBL PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 220, 6700 AE WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-8686-661-8; 978-90-8686-089-0 PY 2009 BP 239 EP 249 D2 10.3920/978-90-8686-661-8 PG 11 WC Business; International Relations SC Business & Economics; International Relations GA BHZ73 UT WOS:000327092000015 ER PT J AU van den Berg, AK Perkins, TD Isselhardt, ML Godshall, MA Lloyd, SW AF van den Berg, A. K. Perkins, T. D. Isselhardt, M. L. Godshall, M-A Lloyd, S. W. TI Effects of air injection during sap processing on maple syrup color, chemical composition and flavor volatiles SO INTERNATIONAL SUGAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Acer saccharum; air injection; evaporator; maple sap; maple syrup; sugar maple AB Air injection (AI) is a maple sap processing technology reported to increase the efficiency of maple syrup production by increasing production of more economically valuable light-colored maple syrup and reducing development of loose scale mineral precipitates in syrup and scale deposits on evaporator pans. These effects have not been evaluated, and the effects of AI on syrup chemistry and flavor are unknown. The color, chemical composition and flavor volatiles of syrup produced simultaneously with and without AI from a common source of maple sap were compared. The chemical composition of syrup produced with and without AI was within ranges previously published for maple syrup. Syrup produced with AI was significantly lighter in color than syrup produced simultaneously without AI using the same maple sap (p < 0.0039), but contained fewer volatile flavor compounds (p < 0.0015). The quantity of loose scale produced or thickness of scale deposited on evaporator pans did not differ significantly between the treatments (p < 0.1326, p < 0.9152). The results indicate that AI produced syrup with chemical composition consistent with pure maple syrup and increased production efficiency by increasing the amount of light-colored syrup produced, but not by reducing loose scale development or scale deposition. C1 [van den Berg, A. K.; Perkins, T. D.; Isselhardt, M. L.] Univ Vermont, Proctor Maple Res Ctr, Underhill Ctr, Burlington, VT 05490 USA. [Godshall, M-A] Sugar Proc Res Inst Inc, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Lloyd, S. W.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP van den Berg, AK (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Proctor Maple Res Ctr, Underhill Ctr, POB 233, Burlington, VT 05490 USA. EM abby.vandenBerg@uvm.edu RI van den Berg, Abby/N-1829-2013 FU United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (USDA CSREES) [2005-34157-15702] FX This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (USDA CSREES) grant 2005-34157-15702. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU INT SUGAR JOURNAL LTD PI KENT PA 80 CALVERLEY, TUNBRIDGE WELLS, KENT TN1 2UN, WALES SN 0020-8841 J9 INT SUGAR J JI Int. Sugar J. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 111 IS 1321 BP 37 EP 42 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 395QZ UT WOS:000262539900018 ER PT S AU Zhu, H Frantz, JM Krause, R Chen, L Zondag, RH AF Zhu, H. Frantz, J. M. Krause, R. Chen, L. Zondag, R. H. BE Carlile, WR Coules, A TI Comparison of Irrigation, Leachate and Tree Growth between Soilless and Coal Ash Based Media SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GROWING MEDIA 2007 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Growing Media CY MAR 31, 2009 CL Nottingham, ENGLAND DE water quality; pot-in-pot; ornamental nursery; nutrients; water use AB In nursery production, knowledge of water quality and quantity is needed to improve irrigation and fertilizer application efficiency as it relates to potential for soil and groundwater contamination. Water and fertilizer use and loss as well as tree growth were investigated for Red Sunset maple (Acer rubrum 'Franksred') trees in a pot-in-pot system with two different potting media and one coal ash based medium. The coal ash based medium (Mix #1) was mainly composed of biosolids, flue gas desulfurization gypsum, and coal combustion bottom ash. The two potting media mainly composed of aged pine bark and steamed composted nursery trimmings as well as left-over potting medium from commercial nurseries, but one with low initial amendments (Mix #2) and the other one with high initial amendments (Mix #3). Trickle irrigation was applied to each tree with an automatic control system. Watering trees started when the medium moisture was below 30%, and stopped when the moisture was 42%. During two-year tests, the amount of water including irrigation and rainfall applied to each tree with Mix #1, #2 and #3 was 741, 910 and 950 L, respectively. The amount of water loss through drainage for each tree with Mix #1, #2 and #3 was 107, 147 and 112 L, respectively. Among the tree media, Medium #3 produced the highest tree growth rate, followed by the Mix #2. The coal ash based medium had great potentials to be used for nursery production. C1 [Chen, L.; Zondag, R. H.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Zhu, H.; Frantz, J. M.; Krause, R.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Zhu, H (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-227-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 819 BP 443 EP 449 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BAU05 UT WOS:000305515500054 ER PT S AU Rooney, AR AF Rooney, Alejandro R. BE Finger, TE TI Evolution of Moth Sex Pheromone Desaturases SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON OLFACTION AND TASTE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Olfaction and Taste CY JUL 21-26, 2008 CL San Francisco, CA DE pheromone; desaturase; speciation; semiochemical genetics ID SPODOPTERA-LITTORALIS; DELTA(11) DESATURASE; FATTY-ACIDS; BIOSYNTHESIS; GENE; POLYMORPHISM; LEPIDOPTERA; EXPRESSION; CORN AB Moth sex pheromone communication has evolved to use complex blends of relatively simple long-chain fatty acid precursors. Species specificity is derived from the unique stereochemistry of double bonds introduced into exact locations along the hydrocarbon backbone of fatty acids, which are reduced and then undergo a variety of chain-shortening and functionalization reactions to form the pheromone blend. Key enzymes that have evolved to function in this system are the acyl coenzyme A desaturases, which catalyze the introduction of the double bonds. This report gives an overview of the evolution of these enzymes, with an introduction to the newly arisen field of "semiochemical genetics." C1 [Rooney, Alejandro R.] ARS, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Rooney, AR (reprint author), ARS, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM alejandro.rooney@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXEN, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 BN 978-1-57331-738-2 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2009 VL 1170 BP 506 EP 510 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03876.x PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Cell Biology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Neurosciences; Physiology SC Behavioral Sciences; Cell Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA BLL92 UT WOS:000270495700091 PM 19686186 ER PT S AU Donzelli, BGG Churchill, ACL AF Donzelli, B. G. G. Churchill, A. C. L. BE Jones, D VanDenBergh, I TI A Dose-Response Approach Differentiating Virulence of Mycosphaerella fijiensis Strains on Banana Leaves Uses Either Spores or Mycelia as Inocula SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RECENT ADVANCES IN BANANA CROP PROTECTION FOR SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND IMPROVED LIVELIHOODS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Recent Advances in Banana Crop Protection for Sustainable Production and Improved Livelihoods CY MAY 01, 2009 CL White River, SOUTH AFRICA DE AUDPC; CLL; dose-response; EC50; EC25; endpoint ID RESISTANCE AB The assessment of virulence of geographically and genetically diverse strains of Mycosphaerella fijiensis and resistance of their Musa hosts poses several challenges. Mycosphaerella fijiensis is slow growing and requires relatively strict culture conditions to produce conidia for inoculum. The size and relatively slow growth rate of banana plants from tissue culture further complicate screening efforts. In addition, relatively little is known about the effect of dose on disease outcome. A reliable and robust virulence assay using weighed fragmented mycelia brushed onto multiple defined areas (5 x 5 cm) of the abaxial surface of leaves of 3 to 6 month-old banana plants was developed. Methods to reduce the time needed for inoculum production and increase the number of assays that could be undertaken over time were developed. Image analysis software was used to measure the percentage of each inoculated leaf section showing black leaf streak symptoms, thereby allowing calculation and statistical analyses of leaf area affected using a dose-response model. The mycelium-based assay differentiated virulence levels of four M. fijiensis strains and revealed that one mutant, in addition to being deficient in conidia production and pigmentation, is of very low virulence. By localising inoculum onto small areas of large leaves, a dramatic increase in the number of strains that can be tested on each leaf and plant was achieved. The standardised method will be of value for evaluating Mycosphaerella pathogen virulence and Musa resistance where direct, quantitative measures during symptom development are necessary without requiring the use of expensive biotechnology-based tools. C1 [Donzelli, B. G. G.] USDA ARS, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res Unit, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Donzelli, BGG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res Unit, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-488-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 828 BP 153 EP 159 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW38 UT WOS:000305709600015 ER PT S AU Jeong, KY Whipker, B McCall, I Gunter, C Frantz, J AF Jeong, K. Y. Whipker, B. McCall, I. Gunter, C. Frantz, J. BE RodriguezDelfin, A Martinez, PF TI Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of Gerbera Hybrid 'Festival Light Eye Pink' SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOILLESS CULTURE AND HYDROPONICS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Soilless Culture and Hydroponics CY OCT 01, 2009 CL Lima, PERU DE calcium; magnesium; micronutrients; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; sulfur AB Gerbera hybrid 'Festival Light Eye Pink' plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph nutritional disorder symptoms. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland's all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 SO4-S, plus mu M concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45.0 B, and 0.1 Mo. The nutrient deficiency treatments were induced that included a complete nutrient formula and a complete minus one of the nutrients. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. Boron toxicity symptoms were also induced by increasing the element 10x higher than the complete nutrient formula. The plants were automatically irrigated every 2 hours and the solution drained from the bottom of the pot and recaptured for use. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders and critical tissue concentrations are presented. C1 [Jeong, K. Y.; Whipker, B.; McCall, I.; Gunter, C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, J.] USDA, ARS, ATRU, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Jeong, KY (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-652-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 843 BP 177 EP 182 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW18 UT WOS:000305696600022 ER PT J AU Sheley, RL James, JJ Bard, EC AF Sheley, Roger L. James, Jeremy J. Bard, Erin C. TI Augmentative Restoration: Repairing Damaged Ecological Processes During Restoration of Heterogeneous Environments SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Invasive plants; rangeland restoration; successional management AB Heterogeneity in disturbance regimes, propagule pools, and factors affecting plant performance are a ubiquitous feature of wildlands. We tested a conceptual framework, termed augmentative restoration, aimed at identifying and selectively repairing or replacing damaged processes based on their predicted influence on the three causes of succession: site availability, species availability, and species performance. This framework was tested at three sites each with a different cause of succession naturally occurring in an ephemeral wetland dominated by invasive plants that had varying levels of disturbance (site availability), remnant native plants (species availability), and water availability (species performance). Our hypotheses were (1) seeding combined with watering would augment meadow vole disturbance to increase desired species composition, (2) shallow tilling combined with watering would augment remnant native species, and (3) shallow tilling combined with seeding would augment mesic soils to increase desired species composition. Shallow tilling, watering, and seeding were applied in a factorial arrangement at all three sites. These eight treatment combinations were applied in a split-plot design with four replications to generate 32 whole plots (2 m(2)). The herbicide 2,4-D was applied on half of each whole plot to influence relative species performance. In two of the three sites, using augmentative restoration to guide our management approaches improved our decision as to the treatment combinations that would maximize seedling establishment. Selectively augmenting successional processes that remain intact by repairing or replacing processes occurring at inadequate levels can improve implementation of successional management and provide a refined process-based framework for restoration across heterogeneous landscapes. Besides the clear economic advantages of lower management inputs associated with augmentative restoration, avoiding unnecessary management inputs has the additional advantage of minimizing unintended negative impacts on ecosystem processes. Nomenclature: 2,4-D; meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus Ord. C1 [Sheley, Roger L.] USDA, ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Sheley, RL (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM roger.sheley@oregonstate.edu NR 51 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 17 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 2 IS 1 BP 10 EP 21 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-058.1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V24EJ UT WOS:000208393400002 ER PT J AU Ralphs, MH AF Ralphs, Michael H. TI Response of Broom Snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae) and Cool-Season Grasses to Defoliation SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biological control; cattle grazing; plant defense strategy; poisonous plant AB Broom snakeweed is one of the most widespread range weeds in western North America. Although a native plant, it increases with disturbance such as overgrazing, Fire, and drought, and can dominate sites. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that defoliation of broom snakeweed alone, and along with associated grasses, would reduce its vigor and increase its mortality in bunchgrass plant communities. The study was conducted at two locations: near Nephi, UT in an invaded crested wheatgrass stand and at Howell, UT in a bluebunch wheatgrass/Wyoming big sagebrush community. Clipping treatments consisted of (1) untreated Control; (2) All Clip clipping all herbaceous vegetation 2 cm above the soil surface, and current season foliar growth of snakeweed; (3) Grass Clip clipping all grass and forb plants; (4) Snakeweed Clip clipping current season foliar growth. Treatments were randomly assigned to 1-m(2) plots and clipped in May or late August. Plots were measured and clipped at the respective seasons annually from 2004 to 2007. Defoliation of snakeweed in spring in the Snakeweed Clip treatment caused higher mortality and lower size and vigor of remaining plants than the other treatments at the end of the study. Clipping all vegetation also reduced snakeweed density at Nephi, but not at Howell. There was little regrowth of bluebunch wheatgrass at Howell in the All Clip treatment; thus, it was likely to have not competed with snakeweed regrowth for limited soil moisture. Bluebunch wheatgrass cover declined at Howell in the All and Grass Clip treatments. Crested wheatgrass was not adversely affected by spring defoliation in the All and Grass Clip treatments, and it increased in the Snakeweed Clip treatment. There were few differences in the fall defoliations. Spring defoliation of snakeweed put it at a competitive disadvantage with both intact perennial bunchgrasses and regrowth crested wheatgrass, thus enhancing its mortality. Nomenclature: Broom snakeweed, Guterrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby GUESA; bluebunch wheatgrass, Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) A. Love; crested wheatgrass, Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.; Wyoming big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata var. wyomingensis (Beetle & A. Young) Welsh. C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Ralphs, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Lab, 1150 E,1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Michael.Ralphs@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 2 IS 1 BP 28 EP 35 DI 10.1614/IPSM-08-075.1 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V24EJ UT WOS:000208393400004 ER PT J AU Thacker, E Ralphs, MH Monaco, TA AF Thacker, Eric Ralphs, Michael H. Monaco, Thomas A. TI A Comparison of Inter- and Intraspecific Interference on Broom Snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae) Seedling Growth SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Competition; restoration; weed-resistant communities; successional weed management; poisonous plant AB Broom snakeweed (snakeweed) is a native range shrub found throughout semiarid rangelands of the western United States, which increases and dominates plant communities after disturbances such as overgrazing, drought, or wildfire. The objective of this study was to compare the ability of selected grass species and prostrate kochia to restrict establishment and growth of snakeweed seedlings in potted-plant and replicated field studies within two sagebrush ecological sites. In the potted-plant studies, single snakeweed seedlings were grown with seedlings (seedling neighbor study) and established plants (established neighbor study) of three cool-season grasses (crested, pubescent, and bluebunch wheatgrass), prostrate kochia, and snakeweed at increasing densities (1, 3, 5 plants/pot). Interference from crested wheatgrass in the seedling neighbor study, and both crested and bluebunch wheatgrass in the established neighbor study, induced the greatest mortality of snakeweed seedlings, and snakeweed growth was suppressed more by interspecific (grass) than intraspecific (snakeweed) neighbors in both potted-plant studies. Snakeweed establishment was also evaluated at two field sites: Howell and Nephi, UT. Snakeweed and downy brome were controlled by picloram (0.25 kg ae/ha) and glyphosate (1.5 kg ae/ha), then three native and three introduced grasses were drill-seeded, and prostrate kochia was dribble-seeded in replicated plots (3 m by 15 m) at both sites in October 2003. Snakeweed seedlings were transplanted into seeded plots and a bare ground control plot in autumn 2004. Snakeweed mortality was greatest (73%) in crested wheatgrass plots at Howell, but there were few differences among species treatments at Nephi. Of the snakeweed seedlings that survived, there was relatively little growth in any of the seeded plots compared to those in the bare ground control plots. These results indicate that seeded cool-season grasses interfered with and reduced establishment of snakeweed seedlings. Nomenclature: Glyphosate; picloram; bluebunch wheatgrass, Pseudoroegneria spicata Pursh 'Goldar'; broom snakeweed, Guterrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby GUESA; crested wheatgrass, Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertner X A. desertorum (Fisch. Ex Link) Schultes 'Hycrest'; downy brome, Bromus tectorum L; prostrate kochia, Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrader 'Immigrant'; pubescent wheatgrass, Elytrigia intermedia ssp. trichophorum (Host) Beauv. 'Luna'. C1 [Ralphs, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. USDA ARS, Forage & Range Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Ralphs, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Michael.Ralphs@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 2 IS 1 BP 36 EP 44 DI 10.1614/IPSM-08-099.1 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V24EJ UT WOS:000208393400005 ER PT J AU Gerlach, JD Bushman, BS Mckay, JK Meimberg, H AF Gerlach, John D. Bushman, B. Shaun Mckay, John K. Meimberg, Harald TI Taxonomic Confusion Permits the Unchecked Invasion of Vernal Pools in California by Low Mannagrass (Glyceria declinata) SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Glyceria; chloroplast DNA; cryptic invader; invasiveness risk assessment; control and containment actions; vernal pools AB Chloroplast DNA sequences and recently established morphological characters were used to confirm the widespread invasion of California's vernal pools by European low mannagrass. Morphological similarities between low mannagrass and western mannagrass have led to different taxonomic treatments, depending on the geographical extent of a particular flora. When California's flora was last revised, the two species were combined as western mannagrass, which was then considered to be a native species. Unfortunately, the revised flora was published just as low mannagrass began to rapidly expand its range within the state and, because it was considered to be a native species in the new flora, no actions were initiated to limit the invasion. Our data show that low mannagrass was present at all localities in the Central Valley of California that were investigated, indicating a widespread and undetected invasion. The invasion has led to a degradation of the vernal pool ecosystems, which are the habitat of many federal and state protected endangered and threatened species. Nomenclature: Low mannagrass, Glyceria declinata Breb.; western mannagrass Glyceria occidentalis (Piper) J. C. Nelson. C1 [Bushman, B. Shaun] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Mckay, John K.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Meimberg, Harald] Univ Porto, CIBIO, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. RP Gerlach, JD (reprint author), 3841 Bannister Rd, Fair Oaks, CA 95628 USA. EM gerlach1@pacbell.net RI McKay, John/K-3875-2012 OI McKay, John/0000-0003-4311-5513 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 2 IS 1 BP 92 EP 98 DI 10.1614/IPSM-08-095.1 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V24EJ UT WOS:000208393400011 ER PT J AU Meerow, AW AF Meerow, Alan W. TI Tilting at windmills: 20 years of Hippeastrum breeding SO ISRAEL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE plant breeding; flower bulbs; amaryllis; floral fragrance; floral pigments; genetics ID DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES; REPRODUCTIVE-BEHAVIOR; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FLORAL FRAGRANCE; CDNA LIBRARY; BHLH FACTORS; COLCHICINE; ORYZALIN; FLOWERS; POLYPLOIDIZATION AB Hippeastrum Herbert, amaryllis, has yielded popular large-flowered hybrids over a 200-year breeding history, with the Netherlands and South Africa currently dominating the market. The USDA breeding program is now almost ten years old, built upon a ten-year previous history at the University of Florida that yielded three patented triploid varieties. This program has focused heavily on two species, H. papilio and H. brasilianum, and over 1000 selections of diploid, triploid, and tetraploid progeny have been stockpiled. Attempts to develop a domestic commercial producer have been stymied by economic conditions, and a steady program of patented release is planned. Future directions of the breeding involve induction of tetraploidy in diploid selections, and genomic explorations of genes involved in floral fragrance and pigment expression. C1 USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Meerow, AW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM alan.meerow@ars.usda.gov FU American Floral Endowment FX Hippeastrum breeding at the University of Florida was supported in part by grants from the American Floral Endowment from 1989 to 1993. I thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 104 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU SCIENCE FROM ISRAEL-DIVISION OF LASER PAGES PUBL LTD PI JERUSALEM PA PO BOX 34299, JERUSALEM 91341, ISRAEL SN 0792-9978 J9 ISR J PLANT SCI JI Isr. J. Plant Sci. PY 2009 VL 57 IS 4 SI SI BP 303 EP 313 DI 10.1560/IJPS.57.4.303 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 615EF UT WOS:000279115600006 ER PT J AU Farris, S Balasubramaniam, A Liu, LS Cooke, PH Piergiovanni, L Yam, KL AF Farris, S. Balasubramaniam, A. Liu, L. S. Cooke, P. H. Piergiovanni, L. Yam, K. L. TI BIOBASED LAYERS AS A CONTROLLED RELEASE PACKAGING SYSTEM SO ITALIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The interest towards new packaging solutions has increased in the recent years. The possibility to combine plastic films and biodegradable layers in the form of thin coatings represents only one of the most recent novelty in the field. In the present work, the use of such layers for controlled release packaging purposes is described. C1 [Farris, S.; Piergiovanni, L.] Univ Milan, Dept Food Sci & Microbiol, diSTAM, Milan, Italy. [Balasubramaniam, A.; Yam, K. L.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Liu, L. S.; Cooke, P. H.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Farris, S (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dept Food Sci & Microbiol, diSTAM, Milan, Italy. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHIRIOTTI EDITORI PI PINEROLO PA PO BOX 66, 10064 PINEROLO, ITALY SN 1120-1770 J9 ITAL J FOOD SCI JI Ital. J. Food Sci. PY 2009 VL 21 SI SI BP 138 EP 141 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA V28YY UT WOS:000208717300034 ER PT S AU Islam-Faridi, N Nelson, CD Sisco, PH Kubisiak, TL Hebard, FV Paris, RL Phillips, RL AF Islam-Faridi, N. Nelson, C. D. Sisco, P. H. Kubisiak, T. L. Hebard, F. V. Paris, R. L. Phillips, R. L. BE Lin, Q HongWen, H TI Cytogenetic Analysis of American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) Using Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization SO IV INTERNATIONAL CHESTNUT SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Chestnut Symposium CY OCT 01, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA DE ribosomal DNA; 18S-28S rDNA; 5S rDNA; FISH; Chinese chestnut; backcross breeding AB The American chestnut (Castanea dentata), once known as 'The King of the Forest' in the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada, has been all but extirpated by chestnut blight disease caused by an Asiatic bark fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica. A group of scientists at The American Chestnut Foundation has been working since 1983 to develop blight resistant American chestnut by inter-species backcross breeding with the relatively resistant Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima). In an effort to facilitate this breeding program we have initiated cytogenetic studies of these two species and their F-1 and backcross hybrids. Here we report our successes in preparing somatic chromosomes using enzymatic digestion of American chestnut seedling root tips and demonstrate the quality of the chromosome spreads using fluorescent in situ hybridization with ribosomal DNA probes. Our results show two 18S-28S rDNA sites, one major and one minor, and one 5S rDNA site in American chestnut. This is the first such report for American chestnut and our preliminary results appear similar for Chinese chestnut. C1 [Islam-Faridi, N.] Texas A&M Univ, US Forest Serv, So Inst Forest Genet, Forest Tree Mol Cytogenet Lab,Dept Ecosyst Sci &, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Nelson, C. D.; Kubisiak, T. L.] US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, Harrison Expt Forest, Mississippi State, MS 39574 USA. [Sisco, P. H.] American Chestnut Fdn, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Hebard, F. V.; Paris, R. L.] Amer Chestnu Fdn, Meadowview Res Farm, Meadowview, VA 24361 USA. [Phillips, R. L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Islam-Faridi, N (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, US Forest Serv, So Inst Forest Genet, Forest Tree Mol Cytogenet Lab,Dept Ecosyst Sci &, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM nfaridi@tamu.edu FU American Chestnut Foundation; Southern Research Station (U.S. Forest Service) FX Funding for this research was provided by The American Chestnut Foundation with additional support provided by the Southern Research Station (U.S. Forest Service). NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-672-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 844 BP 207 EP 210 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW17 UT WOS:000305695900028 ER PT S AU Huang, H Lu, J Hunter, W Dowd, S Katsar, C Jorgenson, C AF Huang, Hong Lu, Jiang Hunter, W. Dowd, S. Katsar, C. Joergenson, C. BE Peterlunger, E DiGaspero, G Cipriani, G TI Development of a Grape Genomics Database Using IBM DB2 Content Manager Software SO IX INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPE GENETICS AND BREEDING SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Grape Genetics and Breeding CY MAY 31, 2009 CL Udine, ITALY DE Pierce's disease; Vitis; Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs); functional annotation; ontology; chromatogram; XML; pathway AB Diseases are a limiting factor for the growth non-native grapes in many areas of the United States. For example, Pierce's disease limits the production of European grapes (Vitis vinifera) in most part of the southeastern United States. Disease resistance of the non-native grape could be enhanced by incorporation of the resistance traits of native American grape species such as Vitis shuttleworthii, V. aestivalis, V. riparia, and V. rotundifolia through the use of cross pollination. Alternatively, a 'molecular breeding approach' could be used to assist and accelerate the conventional breeding process. The recent development and availability of large number of gene sequence data makes the molecular approach more realistic than ever before. Florida A&M University (FAMU) has developed a grape genomics database using IBM DB2 Content Manager to store genetic sequences such as Expressed Sequence Tags (EST), genomic sequences, molecular markers, chromatograms, graphic information, blast hits, and functional annotations in an organized and coherent fashion. The system provides a convenient way to associate heterogeneous data sets such as genetic sequences, and various annotations with extensive search capabilities. This database system will be better served for the biological data integration and information retrieval relative to Vitis spp. C1 [Huang, Hong; Lu, Jiang] Florida A&M Univ, Ctr Viticulture & Small Fruit Res, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Hunter, W.; Katsar, C.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, United States Horticultural Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Dowd, S.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Joergenson, C.] Florida State Univ, Coll Informat, Tallahassee, FL 32304 USA. RP Huang, H (reprint author), Florida A&M Univ, Ctr Viticulture & Small Fruit Res, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. EM huanghon2003@yahoo.com; jiang.lu@famu.edu; WHunter@ushrl.ars.usda.gov RI Huang, Hong/G-5957-2016 OI Huang, Hong/0000-0002-8957-4881 FU USDA-FAMU science center FX This work was supported by USDA-FAMU science center program. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-502-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 827 BP 87 EP 91 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAV45 UT WOS:000305617800011 ER PT S AU Stover, E Aradhya, M Dangl, J Prins, B Cousins, P AF Stover, E. Aradhya, M. Dangl, J. Prins, B. Cousins, P. BE Peterlunger, E DiGaspero, G Cipriani, G TI Grape Genetic Resources and Research at the Davis California National Clonal Germplasm Repository SO IX INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPE GENETICS AND BREEDING SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Grape Genetics and Breeding CY MAY 31, 2009 CL Udine, ITALY DE Vitis; microsatellites ID VITIS-VINIFERA L; MICROSATELLITE AB The Davis, California National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) houses most Mediterranean-adapted fruit and nut crop collections in the U.S., including grapes (Vitis). The NCGR is part of the USDA National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS). Our missions are to acquire, preserve, characterize, and distribute germplasm resources of our designated crops (http://www.ars.usda.gov/pwa/davis/npgs). It is NPGS policy to distribute plant material, free of charge, to research interests around the world. The NCGR grape collection includes > 2800 different accessions, including one of the world's finest Vitis species collections, similar to 600 V. vinifera wine grape varieties, and similar to 600 V. vinifera table grape varieties. Our sister repository in Geneva, NY houses the cold-hardy grape collection. At the Davis NCGR, genetic markers have been used intensively to assess diversity, relatedness, and trueness to type within the collection. To date, DNA microsatellite and AFLP fingerprinting has been conducted on more than 700 NCGR grape accessions, including 366 V. vinifera. Examination of genetic relationships across numerous Vitis species revealed genetic affinities roughly corresponding to taxonomic distinctions derived morphologically. Proper identification is a key concern since individual grape cultivars have been widely dispersed, with many synonyms, and often the same name used for different cultivars. Except for known or presumed bud-sports, a standard eight microsatellites have uniquely identified each genotype tested. Recent fingerprinting for V. vinifera in European national collections should make it possible to verify identity of many of the V. vinifera varieties in our collection. We will complete standard fingerprinting of named cultivars in our collection by 2008. C1 [Stover, E.; Aradhya, M.; Dangl, J.; Prins, B.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Stover, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-502-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 827 BP 193 EP 196 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAV45 UT WOS:000305617800030 ER PT S AU Cousins, P Johnston, D Switras-Meyer, S Meyer, C AF Cousins, P. Johnston, D. Switras-Meyer, S. Meyer, C. BE Peterlunger, E DiGaspero, G Cipriani, G TI Genetic Control of Tendril Distribution in a Grapevine Rootstock Hybrid Population SO IX INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPE GENETICS AND BREEDING SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Grape Genetics and Breeding CY MAY 31, 2009 CL Udine, ITALY DE phyllotactic; patterning AB Grapevine tendril distribution is a characteristic of varieties and species. Most Vitis species show a discontinuous pattern of tendrils at nodes, typically two nodes with tendrils followed by a skip node without a tendril. Vitis labrusca is extraordinary among North American grape species in that it characteristically bears tendrils continuously at successive nodes. We examined the tendril distribution on a population of seedlings from a 161-49C x (V. labrusca x V. mustangensis) hybridization. 161-49C is a V. riparia x V. berlandieri hybrid that ordinarily bears tendrils in a discontinuous pattern. Although the V. labrusca x V. mustangensis parent frequently demonstrates more than two tendrils in sequence, it does show nodes without tendrils and, as such, cannot be described as strictly continuous in its tendril distribution. Tendril distribution was assessed beginning at the first node with a tendril (typically the seventh or eight node) and scored at twelve successive nodes. The hybrid population has seedlings that respectively belong to multiple classes of tendril distribution, including discontinuous (eight tendrils in 12 nodes), three tendrils at successive nodes, and four tendrils at successive nodes. Nearly a quarter of the seedlings from the hybrid population demonstrated strictly continuous tendril distribution (no tendrils without nodes observed on the primary shoot). Even though the seedling population analyzed is essentially only one-quarter V. labrusca, there were still individuals that showed the continuous tendril distribution that is characteristic of V. labrusca. This apparent transgressive segregation implies qualitative inheritance of tendril patterning, substantial environmental influence on tendril patterning, or both. C1 [Cousins, P.; Johnston, D.; Switras-Meyer, S.; Meyer, C.] Cornell Univ, Grape Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Cousins, P (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Grape Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, 630 W North St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-502-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 827 BP 337 EP 339 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAV45 UT WOS:000305617800057 ER PT S AU Ramming, DW Walker, MA Tenscher, A Krivanek, AF AF Ramming, D. W. Walker, M. A. Tenscher, A. Krivanek, A. F. BE Peterlunger, E DiGaspero, G Cipriani, G TI Breeding Table and Raisin Grapes with Increased Fruit Quality while Retaining Pierce's Disease Resistance SO IX INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPE GENETICS AND BREEDING SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Grape Genetics and Breeding CY MAY 31, 2009 CL Udine, ITALY DE grapevine; cultivars; PD resistance; breeding program ID VITIS; VINIFERA AB The spread of Pierce's disease (PD) has greatly increased with the introduction of the glassy-winged sharpshooter into California. A collaborative breeding program to develop table and raisin grape cultivars resistant to PD was started in 2000. V. arizonica/candicans grape hybrids with PD resistance were hybridized with table and raisin grapes and the first generation screened in the greenhouse to determine resistance. The second generation was screened by molecular markers to identify resistant individuals. There was no difference between the first generation resistant and susceptible populations of D8909-15 x table grape for cluster weight, berry weight, and seed/trace weight. The cluster weight and berry size of the best resistant individuals were twice the size of the resistant parent. Aborted seeds, similar in size to the seedless parent, were also achieved in a resistant seedling. There was also no difference between first generation resistant and susceptible populations of F8909-08 x table grape selections for cluster size, berry size, and seed size. Resistant individuals with the largest berry size averaged 1.82 g compared to 3.6 to 14.4 g for the table grape parents. There was no difference between resistant and susceptible populations for berry size and seed/trace size in the second generation that resulted from backcrossing to table and raisin grapes. The mean berry size was 0.6 g larger and the mean seed/trace size decreased from 106 to 47 mg in the second generation. The second generation resistant individual with the largest berry averaged 4.9 g. Resistant individuals with undetectable seed traces, smaller than the seedless parents, were obtained in the second generation. This shows that fruit quality can be rapidly improved in the development of PD resistant grapes when efficient screening methods are used. C1 [Ramming, D. W.] USDA ARS, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. RP Ramming, DW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-502-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 827 BP 445 EP 450 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAV45 UT WOS:000305617800076 ER PT S AU Jiang, CZ Wu, L Macnish, AJ King, A Yi, M Reid, MS AF Jiang, C. -Z. Wu, L. Macnish, A. J. King, A. Yi, M. Reid, M. S. BE Ottosen, CO Grout, B Mueller, R TI Thidiazuron, a Non-Metabolized Cytokinin, Shows Promise in Extending the Life of Potted Plants SO IX INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON POSTHARVEST QUALITY OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Postharvest Quality of Ornamental Plants CY DEC 31, 2009 CL Odense, DENMARK DE abscission; flower senescence; leaf yellowing; postharvest; TDZ ID ETHYLENE; CHLOROSIS; STORAGE; LEAVES AB Application of low concentrations of thidiazuron (N-phenyl-N'-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl urea, TDZ) has been shown to be a very effective means of delaying leaf yellowing in cut flowers such as alstroemeria, stock, lilies and tulips. We examined the possible use of this compound for delaying leaf yellowing in a range of potted plants, including geranium, freesia, Ornithogalum, and Euphorbia fulgens. Spray treatments with 2 to 10 mu M TDZ at the end of the production cycle had significant, sometimes spectacular effects on the postharvest performance of most species studied. In addition to a considerable delay in leaf yellowing and/or abscission in most species tested, TDZ application improved display performance in a number of species. In geranium, for example, the individual florets on TDZ-treated plants had a significantly longer life than those on control plants. In E. fulgens, flowers lasted longer, and more flowers opened on the TDZ-treated plants. Our results indicate significant potential for TDZ as a tool to improve the postharvest life of potted flowering and foliage plants. C1 [Jiang, C. -Z.] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Jiang, CZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM caizhong.jiang@ars.usda.gov RI Grout, Brian/H-9403-2014; OI Grout, Brian/0000-0002-5744-6682; Jiang, Cai-Zhong/0000-0002-5972-7963 NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-692-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 847 BP 59 EP 65 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW10 UT WOS:000305693100006 ER PT S AU Finn, C Strik, BC Wagner, A AF Finn, C. Strik, B. C. Wagner, A. BE Hummer, KE TI Fifteen Years and 120 Genotypes Later What Have We Learned about Trialing Blueberry Cultivars in the Pacific Northwest? SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE northern highbush; southern highbush; rabbiteye; yield AB The U.S. Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), in cooperation with Oregon State University (OSU) and the Oregon Blueberry Trial Support Group, has been running an extensive selection and cultivar evaluation trial at the OSU North Willamette Research and Extension Center (NWREC) in Aurora Oregon. Since the initial planting in 1990, over 120 genotypes have been evaluated. Over the years, the evaluation approach has been streamlined and improved based on experience and data analyses. The very practical things that have been learned include: 1) netting is essential for evaluating genotypes ripening in June and July; 2) a randomized complete block design, while not as ideal as a completely randomized design for detecting genotypic differences, is better from a practical standpoint when managing the best way to add new genotypes to the planting; 3) three replications were sufficient to detect differences that were meaningful to growers, about 2.69 t/ha vs. 1.80 t/ha with five replications; and 4) good harvests in years 4, 5 and 6 after planting was highly correlated with performance of total yield over years 3-9. As far as blueberry type was concerned, northern highbush blueberries were well adapted to the NWES site but most southern highbush were not. The southern highbush, with the notable exception of 'Legacy' and 'Ozarkblue', grew well but tended to be very low yielding due in part to mid-winter flowering. Rabbiteye blueberries grew well although their fruit quality was generally poorer than highbush blueberries. Rabbiteye cultivars that overlap with the highbush ripening season are not of much interest, whereas cultivars like 'Powderblue', which has good quality and 'Ochlockonee' that is very late ripening have excellent potential for late-season markets. C1 [Finn, C.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Finn, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Chad.Finn@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 71 EP 77 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000005 ER PT S AU Stringer, SJ Draper, AD Spiers, JM Marshall, DA AF Stringer, S. J. Draper, A. D. Spiers, J. M. Marshall, D. A. BE Hummer, KE TI Potential New Blueberry Cultivars for the Gulf Coast Region of the US SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE rabbiteye blueberry; southern highbush blueberry; fruit breeding AB Three elite rabbiteye (Vaccinium asheii) and one southern highbush (V. corymbosum) blueberry selections are being developed for release to nurserymen for propagation and distribution to growers in the Gulf Coast region of the U.S. Among the new rabbiteye blueberries, wild accessions contribute to the parentage and as a result, new genes are being infused into rabbiteye blueberry cultivars. One elite selection, MS 706, is a productive rabbiteye blueberry selection that will be recommended only for trial plantings in the more extreme coastal regions, and will provide growers with a new early ripening rabbiteye blueberry cultivar that will enhance their potential to exploit the lucrative early berry market. Another, MS 271, will be recommended for trial plantings by growers wishing to expand into the baking segment of the processing industry which demands a smaller sized berry than those typically produced by current rabbiteye blueberry cultivars. Still another rabbiteye blueberry selection, MS 454 possesses the vigor, high production potential, and good fruit quality required for early- to mid-season fresh and processing blueberries. MS 812, a relatively low-chilling southern highbush selection, is vigorous, productive and has the fruit quality and earliness needed for early, fresh berry market production. C1 [Stringer, S. J.; Draper, A. D.; Spiers, J. M.; Marshall, D. A.] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Stringer, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 87 EP 91 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000007 ER PT S AU Ehlenfeldt, MK Martin, RB AF Ehlenfeldt, M. K. Martin, R. B., Jr. BE Hummer, KE TI Seed Set, Fruit Weight, and Yield in Highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Blueberry Cultivars 'Duke' and 'Bluecrop' SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE overcropping; pollination; source; sink AB Growers often question whether small berry size is related to poor pollination and whether it is indicative of reduced yields. To answer this, yields and berry weights of two standard highbush blueberry cultivars, 'Duke' and 'Bluecrop', were evaluated for 3 (or more) harvests each season over ten years, and seed set was evaluated at each harvest over the last four. Across 10 years, yield and berry weight had no significant correlation. There was, however, indications of a relationship between seed/gfw and total yield. For the four years in which replicated seed counts were made, we found, in general, that for 'Bluecrop', berry weight and number of seeds/berry decreased linearly between first and third harvests. More importantly, berries with similar seed numbers varied in as weight as much 39% between years. Hence, reduced berry weight was not necessarily due to poor pollination. In 'Duke', results were erratic and berries with similar seed numbers varied in weight as much as 86% between years. C1 [Ehlenfeldt, M. K.; Martin, R. B., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res &, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. RP Ehlenfeldt, MK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res &, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 93 EP 96 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000008 ER PT S AU Bassil, N Oda, A Hummer, KE AF Bassil, N. Oda, A. Hummer, K. E. BE Hummer, KE TI Blueberry Microsatellite Markers Identify Cranberry Cultivars SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE Vaccinium macrocarpon; simple sequence repeat; SSR markers; expressed sequence tag (EST) ID VACCINIUM; HETEROGENEITY; RAPDS AB Throughout the more than 100 years of cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait., cultivation, the confirmation of genotype identity through morphological means has had inherent difficulties. The cranberry growth habit, where seedlings can grow in the middle of a clonal colony and the practice of taking clippings from old fields to establish new ones can destroy trueness-to-type. Previously, we successfully identified blueberry (V. corymbosum L.) cultivars using microsatellite markers. Our objective for this study was to determine if these markers could be used for cranberry cultivar identification. Forty-six blueberry simple sequence repeat markers (SSR), i.e., microsatellites, were tested for the ability to amplify a polymorphic marker in American cranberry accessions. Sixteen SSR resulted in informative and polymorphic primer pairs and were used to fingerprint 16 economically important cranberry cultivars. They distinguished between the cultivars and grouped them based on pedigree. Two accessions labeled as V. macrocarpon 'Searles', collected from Jacob Searles Cranberry Co. in Wisconsin, had different genetic profiles. They were differentiated from each other based on the proportion of shared allele distance using these SSR, thus demonstrating the power of these markers in identifying genetically different cranberry plants that share the same cultivar name. A subset of these 16 blueberry SSR markers will be used to fingerprint the cranberry collection of the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR), to evaluate genetic variation of important cultivars growing in Oregon and Washington fields and to provide web-access to these markers and fingerprints for the cranberry community. C1 [Bassil, N.; Oda, A.; Hummer, K. E.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Bassil, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR USA. EM Nahla.bassil@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 181 EP 186 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000023 ER PT S AU Hummer, K Williams, R Mota, J AF Hummer, K. Williams, R. Mota, Jose BE Hummer, KE TI Pests of Blueberries on Sao Miguel, Acores, Portugal SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE highbush blueberry; Vaccinium corymbosum; blueberry rust; Pucciniastrum vaccinii; light brown apple moth; Epiphyas postvittana; greenhouse thrips; Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis; cotton aphid; Aphis gossypii AB In February and March 2006, two plots of 154 plants each of three southern high bush blueberries cultivars (Vaccinium corymbosum 'Emerald', 'Jewel', and 'Springhigh') were planted in two locations on S (a) over tildeo Miguel Island, Acores, Portugal. One plot was planted near the town of Furnas, where the native mountain blueberry Vaccinium cylindraceum was also planted, and a second plot, was planted near Calhetas with high bush only. At Calhetas, blueberry plantation establishment was difficult due to heavy soil, high pH and low organic matter, and only 10% of the plans survived. The blueberries at Furnas established well and leaf rust, caused by Pucciniastrum vaccinii, was observed. Symptoms included distinct yellow foliar lesions, with brown reddish pustules later in the season. 'Jewel' had the most rust infection, followed by 'Emerald' and 'Springhigh'. Foliar lesions of the rust were not observed on any of the native, V. cylindraceum seedlings. This fungal disease exists in other European blueberry growing regions and can be managed with fungicidal sprays. The greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis and the light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana infested each of the blueberry species and was/were observed at both locations. The heaviest infestation of thrips was observed on plants of native V. cylindraceum. The blueberry insect complex in the Azores is not very different from that in other locations where blueberries are grown and corresponding control measures are available. C1 [Hummer, K.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Williams, R.] Ohio State Univ, OARDC, Dept Entomol, Columbus, OH 43506 USA. [Mota, Jose] Direccao Servicos Agr Pecuaria, P-9500343 Ponta Delgada, Portugal. RP Hummer, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Kim.Hummer@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; ARS; CRIS [5358-21000-033-00D]; Azores Cooperative Initiative Program FX We wish to acknowledge USDA ARS CRIS 5358-21000-033-00D and the Azores Cooperative Initiative Program. We thank Mr. Carlos Afonso for permission to use his field in Furnas, and Mr. Luis Maria Aguiar, president of the Frutacor. CooperativaAgricola Acoreana de Horto Fruticultores C'RL for permission to use his field in Calhetas. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 287 EP 292 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000036 ER PT S AU Martin, RR Tzanetakis, IE Caruso, FL Polashock, JJ AF Martin, R. R. Tzanetakis, I. E. Caruso, F. L. Polashock, J. J. BE Hummer, KE TI Emerging and Reemerging Virus Diseases of Blueberry and Cranberry SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE viruses; dsRNA; Fruit drop; mosaic; funky flower; Blueberry red ringspot virus; Tobacco streak virus ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; SCORCH-VIRUS; HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY; 1ST REPORT; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CANADA; SPREAD; PLANT AB It should be expected that as blueberry cultivation continues to expand into new areas, the plants will become exposed to viruses that have not previously been observed in blueberry. Since the last symposium in 2004, Blueberry scorch virus continues to be a major concern in the USA Pacific Northwest and it has also been detected in New England as well as the Netherlands and Italy in Europe. In the past, blueberry mosaic symptoms appeared to spread very slowly or not at all, while in recent years, the disease has been spreading within fields and appearing in new fields. Blueberry mosaic symptoms have been observed in many production areas. A high molecular weight double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has been detected in plants with mosaic symptoms indicating the presence of a virus, but the virus has yet to be characterized. Blueberry red ringspot virus has been detected in the southeastern USA. A virus has been detected in plants exhibiting Blueberry fruit drop symptoms in the Pacific Northwest. In cranberry, funky flower symptoms have been observed in the northeastern USA for the past 10 years. Recently, Cucumber mosaic virus has been detected in plants exhibiting funky flower symptoms. Efforts to demonstrate a causal relationship between Cucumber mosaic virus and disease symptoms are underway. Tobacco streak virus was first reported from cranberry plants imported into Scotland and has since been detected in New Jersey. A breakthrough in detection of viruses in Vaccinium species has come from the development of a dsRNA extraction method that works reliably with blueberry and cranberry. Cloning and sequencing of purified dsRNA has been the most successful means for the characterization of viruses of woody plants that can not be transmitted to herbaceous hosts. C1 [Martin, R. R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Tzanetakis, I. E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Caruso, F. L.] Univ Massachusetts, Cranberry Expt Stn, Wareham, MA 02538 USA. [Polashock, J. J.] Marucci Ctr, USDA ARS, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. RP Martin, RR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Bob.Martin@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 299 EP 304 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000038 ER PT S AU Postman, J Oliphant, J Hummer, K AF Postman, J. Oliphant, J. Hummer, K. BE Hummer, KE TI Diseases Impact Management of USDA Clonal Vaccinium Genebank SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE germplasm; Phytophthora ramorum; blueberry shock ilarvirus; conservation; preservation; growing medium ID HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY; ILARVIRUS AB The USDA Agricultural Research Service maintains a diverse collection of Vaccinium genotypes at the National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR), a temperate fruit and nut genebank in Corvallis, Oregon. Vaccinium species are hosts for two pathogens that occur in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and impact collection management. One is the fungus Phytophthora ramorum and the other is Blueberry shock virus (BlShV). Phytophthora ramorum is a devastating pathogen of certain oak species and has a very broad host range with varying symptoms including foliar blight in some Vaccinium species. Vaccinium germplasm must be inspected and certified to be free of this pathogen to protect the U.S. nursery industry and native flora. The pollen-borne BlShV has made it necessary to move the primary Vaccinium clonal collection from a field planting to a protected potted collection. More than 600 clonal accessions are maintained in greenhouses or screenhouses, protected from pollinators and other virus vectors. These clonal accessions represent more than 60 unique Vaccinium taxa from around the world and include 171 cranberry, 46 lingonberry, 15 lowbush blueberry, and 182 highbush and/or rabbiteye blueberry genotypes. Migration to a protected container collection required the development of a management strategy to maintain plants in a vigorous condition that would provide high quality vegetative growth suitable for propagation. However, tree bark in container growth media is a potential source of P. ramorum dissemination. Trials were conducted to select a bark-free medium with good fertility and porosity that would be stable for an expected 8-10 year lifespan of a potted blueberry plant. A blend of volcanic pumice (50%), un-milled, coarse, sphagnum peat moss (40%), and sandy loam (10%) was selected. A 3-5 cm deep pumice top-dress (collar) was added to the surface of each pot to create a semi-sterile, dry, inorganic surface that prevents weed, moss, and fungus gnat growth. This top-dress combined with a stable, bark-free potting medium creates a growing system that greatly reduces water use, nutrient leaching, salt build-up, and moisture stress. Woody Vaccinium clones are hard-pruned in late winter to remove all flower buds and six to eight upright shoots are selected and allowed to grow. These shoots provide cuttings that are distributed by the genebank for research or propagation. C1 [Postman, J.; Oliphant, J.; Hummer, K.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Postman, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM joseph.postman@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 319 EP 324 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000041 ER PT S AU Ehlenfeldt, MK Polashock, JJ AF Ehlenfeldt, M. K. Polashock, J. J. BE Hummer, KE TI Disease Resistance in Blueberry-Steps toward an Integrated Utilization Approach SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE Monilinia vaccini-corymbosii; Colletotrichum acutatum; Botryosphaeria dothidea; Phomopsis vaccinii; blueberry scorch virus; red ringspot virus ID MUMMY BERRY DISEASE; MONILINIA-VACCINII-CORYMBOSI; BLIGHT RESISTANCE; TWIG BLIGHT; CULTIVARS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFECTION; VIRUS AB The USDA-ARS and Rutgers University (at Chatsworth, New Jersey) collectively house a significant collection of blueberry cultivated and wild germplasm. This collection of germplasm has been used to evaluate genotypes for resistance to Monilinia vaccini-corymbosii (mummy berry), Colletotrichum acutatum (anthracnose), Botryosphaeria dothidea (stem blight), Phomopsis vaccinii (twig blight), and blueberry scorch virus. These data have been compiled with similar information from other sources to produce a database that can be used for IPM recommendations, cultivar planting recommendations, and for breeding programs. Principal component analysis (PCA) can be used to compare cultivars across multiple diseases to optimize selection options. C1 [Ehlenfeldt, M. K.; Polashock, J. J.] ARS, USDA, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res &, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. RP Ehlenfeldt, MK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res &, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 325 EP 329 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000042 ER PT S AU Smith, BJ AF Smith, B. J. BE Hummer, KE TI Botryosphaeria Stem Blight of Southern Blueberries: Cultivar Susceptibility and Effect of Chemical Treatments SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE Botryosphaeria dothidea; Vaccinium ashei; V. virgatum; V. corymbosum; chemical control ID DOTHIDEA; INFECTION AB Botryosphaeria stem blight, caused by the fungus Botryosphaeria dothidea, is a destructive disease of rabbiteye (Vaccinium ashei) and highbush (V. corymbosum) blueberries in the southeastern United States. The susceptibility of 21 southern highbush and seven rabbiteye blueberry cultivars was compared using a detached stem assay. Succulent, partially-hardened stems were wounded, inoculated with a mycelial block from a 14-day-old culture of B. dothidea, and incubated for 15 days. Disease severity was determined by comparing lesion length with that of the susceptible rabbiteye cultivar Tifblue. Cultivars with a mean lesion length less than that of 'Tifblue' were classified as resistant and included three southern highbush cultivars: Pearl River, Emerald, and Star. Cultivars whose lesion length was equal to or greater than that of 'Tifblue' in both years were classified as susceptible or very susceptible and included eight southern highbush cultivars: Legacy, Gulf Coast, Cooper, Jubilee, Biloxi, O'Neal, Magnolia, and Reveille. In a comparison of wound versus non-wound inoculations, lesion length was significantly greater on stems wounded by removing a small section of bark prior to inoculation than on non-wounded stems or on stems inoculated at a fresh leaf scar. The potential efficacy of fungicides for stem blight control was determined using the detached stem assay. In two studies stems treated with cyprodinil + fludioxonil or pyraclostrobin had shorter lesions than stems receiving no fungicide treatment while stems treated with captan, ziram, and tebuconazole had lesions as long as those receiving no fungicide treatment. C1 ARS, USDA, So Hort Lab, Small Fruit Res Unit, Poplarville, MS 39740 USA. RP Smith, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Hort Lab, Small Fruit Res Unit, POB 287, Poplarville, MS 39740 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 385 EP 394 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000050 ER PT S AU Polashock, JJ Oudemans, P Constantelos, C Caruso, FL McManus, P Crouch, J AF Polashock, J. J. Oudemans, P. Constantelos, C. Caruso, F. L. McManus, P. Crouch, J. BE Hummer, KE TI Species Identification and Variation in the North American Cranberry Fruit Rot Complex SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE Vaccinium macrocarpon; phylogenetics; fungal pathogens; rDNA; ITS AB Many different species of pathogenic fungi cause cranberry fruit rot. The contribution of any given species can be quite variable depending on a host of cultural and environmental factors. Control of fruit rot can be problematic in the Northeast and in other growing regions since losses due to fruit rot can be episodic. One possible cause for inadequate control is that pathogenic fungi typically have differential sensitivity to fungicides. Thus, variation in the species or populations of the fungi present can affect the success and quality of control. Our primary objective in this project was to determine the variation within five species of cranberry fruit rot pathogens (Phyllosticta vaccinii, Coleophoma empetri, Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Physalospora vaccinii) across geographic regions [NJ, MA, WI and British Columbia (BC)] using morphologic and molecular characters. Our secondary objective was to reexamine the taxonomy of these pathogens at the molecular level, particularly those that are cranberry- or Vaccinium species-specific. Our results suggest that morphologically, within-species variation was low. We did however collect atypical non-pigmented C. acutatum from BC and Physalospora vaccinii isolates from all regions varied from dark gray to pure white on V8 juice agar medium. Molecular analysis of ribosomal ITS sequences showed a low level of variability for most pathogen species, with the exception of the morphologically distinct isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the atypical, non-chromogenic C. acutatum formed a distinct, but closely related clade, to the normal pink-pigmented isolates. In contrast, the pure white isolates of Physalospora vaccinii possessed an ITS sequence distinct from those of the gray strains, suggesting they may represent a different species. C1 [Polashock, J. J.] USDA ARS, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. RP Polashock, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. EM James.Polashock@ARS.USDA.GOV OI Crouch, Jo Anne/0000-0001-6886-8090 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 395 EP 399 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000051 ER PT S AU Cane, JH AF Cane, J. H. BE Hummer, KE TI Pollen Viability and Pollen Tube Attrition in Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE pollination; fruit set; seed set; pollen load; germination; Ericaceae ID POLLINATION; GROWTH; SELF AB The content of mature seed in a cranberry fruit increases with stigmatic pollen load. On average, however, only two seeds result for every tetrad of pollen deposited. What then is the fate of the two remaining pollen grains fused in each tetrad? Germination in vitro revealed that most of the grains in every tetrad were viable and could initiate a pollen tube (90% of tetrads generated 3-4 pollen tubes). Using a semi-vivo technique, excised styles of receptive pistils were implanted in agar, dosed with two, four or many pollen tetrads, and incubated for two days. On average, the counts of pollen tubes exiting the cut style bases averaged one quarter the counts of tetrads applied to stigmas; doubling the pollen load doubled the counts of tubes, with heaped pollen loads yielding >20 pollen tubes. Gametophytic selection via pollen tube attrition in the style appears to explain the discrepancy between stigmatic pollen load and the count of mature seeds in a cranberry fruit. C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Cane, JH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 563 EP 566 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000074 ER PT S AU Bryla, DR Yorgey, B Shireman, AD AF Bryla, D. R. Yorgey, B. Shireman, A. D. BE Hummer, KE TI Irrigation Management Effects on Yield and Fruit Quality of Highbush Blueberry SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE Vaccinium corymbosum; fruit quality; evapotranspiration; irrigation; water stress; yield ID WATER REQUIREMENTS; PYTHIUM INFECTION; PHYTOPHTHORA; SEVERITY AB A study was done to determine the effects of irrigation method and level of water application on yield and fruit quality of 'Elliott' highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Plants were grown on mulched, raised beds and irrigated by overhead sprinklers, microsprays, or drip at 50, 100, and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration requirement (ETc). Overall, marketable yield and individual berry weight were higher in plants irrigated by drip than in those irrigated by sprinklers and microsprays. Yield and berry weight were also higher on average when plants were irrigated at 100% ETc than at 50% ETc but were similar between plants irrigated at 100% and 150% ETc. Thus, as expected, plants were generally under-irrigated at 50% ETc and over-irrigated at 150% ETc; however, this was not always the case. Yield did not increase between 50% and 100% ETc when plants were irrigated by drip, and berry weight increased from 100% to 150% ETc when plants were irrigated by microsprays. Interestingly, drip reduced berry firmness and soluble solids relative to sprinkler and microspray irrigation, potentially increasing problems with soft fruit during shipping and storage. Titratable acidity was also lower with drip but only when plants were irrigated at 50% ETc. While irrigation method and the amount of water application affected yield and fruit quality in blueberry, more work is needed to identify the best combinations of each to produce the most marketable fruit. C1 [Bryla, D. R.; Shireman, A. D.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Bryla, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 649 EP 656 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000086 ER PT S AU Lee, J Rennaker, C Wrolstad, RE AF Lee, J. Rennaker, C. Wrolstad, R. E. BE Hummer, KE TI Comparison of Two Methods for Anthocyanin Quantification SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE fruit; juice; anthocyanin; pH differential; HPLC; correlation AB The pH differential method (AOAC method 2005.02) by spectrophotometry, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are methods commonly used by researchers and the food industry for quantifying anthocyanins of samples or products. This study was carried out to determine if a relationship exists between these two frequently utilized analytical methods. Seven fruit juice samples, each containing an array of individual anthocyanins, were analyzed by pH differential and HPLC (two different conditions). Additional samples that had been processed in the lab were also included in the comparison (n > 500). This study demonstrated a high linear correlation (r > 0.925, p <= 0.05) between the pH differential method and HPLC (both systems) when determining the amount of anthocyanins within samples. In both methods, total anthocyanins were greater when values were expressed as malvidin-3-glucoside than as cyanidin-3-glucoside. For laboratories that do not have the capability for HPLC analysis, the pH differential method offers a straightforward and economical method to determine total anthocyanins. This study also demonstrated the importance of reporting the standard used to express the values. Analytical methods used and certified anthocyanin standards are critical for anthocyanin research and the food industry. C1 [Lee, J.; Rennaker, C.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, Parma, ID 83660 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, 29603 U I Ln, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM jungmin.lee@ars.usda.gov; chris.rennaker@ars.usda.gov; ron.wrolstad@oregonstate.edu RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 831 EP 834 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000110 ER PT S AU Wang, CY Wang, SY AF Wang, Chien Y. Wang, Shiow Y. BE Hummer, KE TI Effect of Storage Temperatures on Fruit Quality of Various Cranberry Cultivars SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE cranberries; storage; chilling injury; quality; decay; antioxidants; fatty acids ID MICROSOMAL-MEMBRANES; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; PHENOLICS; CAPACITY; LINGONBERRIES; ANTHOCYANINS AB Nine cultivars of cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) were stored at four different temperatures (0, 5, 10, and 15 degrees C) and were evaluated for decay, chilling injury, sugars, organic acids, fatty acids, total anthocyanins, total phenolics, antioxidant capacity, and individual flavonoids after 3 or 4 months of storage. Cranberries had high antioxidant activity (ORAC). ORAC values, anthocyanins and total phenolics content increased during storage. The highest increases occurred at 15 C storage. Peonidin 3-galactoside, cyanidin 3-galactoside, quercetin 3-galactoside and peonidin 3-arabinoside were the predominant flavonoids in cranberries. Susceptibility to chilling injury and decay varies with different cultivars. 'Ben Lear', 'Cropper', 'Early Black', and 'Stevens' showed severe symptoms of chilling injury and decay at the end of 3 or 4 months storage at 0 degrees C. 'Crowley', 'Howes', and 'Pilgrim' were relatively resistant to chilling injury and decay, while 'Franklin' and 'Wilcox' were moderately susceptible. The susceptibility was found to be related to the fatty acid composition and ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acid in phospholipids and glycolipids, but was not associated with antioxidant activity, anthocyanins, phenolics, or individual flavonoids. Storage temperatures also affected content of glucose, fructose, sucrose, starch, citric acid, malic acid, and quinic acid. Storage at 5 degrees C was found to be the optimum holding temperature with the least chilling injury symptom and decay for all cranberry cultivars evaluated. C1 [Wang, Chien Y.] ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, CY (reprint author), ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 853 EP 861 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000114 ER PT S AU Yang, WQ Harpole, J Finn, CE Strik, BC AF Yang, W. Q. Harpole, J. Finn, C. E. Strik, B. C. BE Hummer, KE TI Evaluating Berry Firmness and Total Soluble Solids of Newly Released Highbush Blueberry Cultivars SO IX INTERNATIONAL VACCINIUM SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vaccinium Symposium CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Corvallis, OR DE Vaccinium corymbosum; firmness; cold storage; shelf-life ID FRUIT AB Berry firmness and total soluble solids (TSS) of three newly released highbush blueberry cultivars ('Draper', 'Liberty', and 'Aurora') were evaluated in the 2005 growing season against three popular commercial highbush cultivars ('Duke', 'Bluecrop', and 'Elliott') grown in the Northwest during and after cold storage at temperatures between 1 to 4 C. These experiments were conducted using berries from the first pick in a variety evaluation plot at the North Willamette Research and Extension Center. Berry firmness was determined with a FirmTech II firmness tester. After cold storage durations of 1, 2, and 3 weeks, berries were taken out and acclimated at room temperature. Berry firmness and TSS then were determined every three days until berries were considered unmarketable. At week 1, 'Draper' and 'Duke' had the highest firmness in the first three days, and 'Elliott' and 'Liberty' had the lowest firmness during the 12 days sitting at room temperature. 'Liberty' had the highest TSS among all cultivars. At week 2, 'Duke' had the highest firmness while 'Elliott' had the lowest firmness during the 12-day period. For TSS level, 'Bluecrop' was the lowest and 'Elliott' and 'Liberty' were the highest. At week 3 during the 12-day test period, the cultivars with the highest and lowest firmness were 'Duke' and 'Elliott' respectively. TSS in 'Liberty' was still among the highest, and 'Bluecrop' and 'Liberty' had the lowest TSS level among all cultivars. If shelf-life is measured by berry firmness at room temperature, the shelf-life of 'Duke' and 'Draper' were very similar. 'Aurora' had a shelf-life better than 'Elliott'; however 'Liberty' had a shelf-life no better than 'Bluecrop'. C1 [Yang, W. Q.; Harpole, J.] Oregon State Univ, N Willamette Res & Extens Ctr, Aurora, OR 97002 USA. [Finn, C. E.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Strik, B. C.] Orgeon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Yang, WQ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, N Willamette Res & Extens Ctr, Aurora, OR 97002 USA. FU Oregon Agricultural Research Foundation FX This work was supported by a grant from the Oregon Agricultural Research Foundation. We appreciate the technical assistance provided by Connie Pace and Ilandell Larco to complete this project. We also thank Naturipe Farms LLC fOr supplying the commercial clamshells for our experiment. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-741-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 810 BP 863 EP 867 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAS47 UT WOS:000305388000115 ER PT J AU Berge, ACB Glanville, TD Millner, PD Klingborg, DJ AF Berge, Anna Catharina B. Glanville, Thomas D. Millner, Patricia D. Klingborg, Donald J. TI Methods and microbial risks associated with composting of animal carcasses in the United States SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; BOTULINUM TYPE-C; MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; THERMAL INACTIVATION; SALMONELLA REGROWTH; LABORATORY-SCALE; FECAL MATTER; MANURE C1 [Klingborg, Donald J.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Berge, Anna Catharina B.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Glanville, Thomas D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Millner, Patricia D.] ARS, USDA, BARC, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Millner, Patricia D.] ARS, USDA, BARC, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Klingborg, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 80 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 234 IS 1 BP 47 EP 56 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 390MP UT WOS:000262168700013 PM 19119966 ER PT J AU Harman, JL Silva, CJ AF Harman, Jane L. Silva, Christopher J. TI Bovine spongiform encephalopathy SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; KUDU TRAGELAPHUS-STREPSICEROS; TRANSMISSIBLE MINK ENCEPHALOPATHY; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SCRAPIE PRION PROTEIN; PRNP PROMOTER POLYMORPHISMS; IN-VITRO AMPLIFICATION; GREAT-BRITAIN; TRANSGENIC MICE C1 [Silva, Christopher J.] ARS, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Harman, Jane L.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Silva, CJ (reprint author), ARS, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. OI Silva, Christopher/0000-0003-4521-6377 NR 281 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 234 IS 1 BP 59 EP 72 PG 14 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 390MP UT WOS:000262168700014 PM 19119967 ER PT J AU Hawkins, TS Gardiner, ES Comer, GS AF Hawkins, Tracy S. Gardiner, Emile S. Comer, Greg S. TI Modeling the relationship between extractable chlorophyll and SPAD-502 readings for endangered plant species research SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Chlorophyll; Federally listed; Lauraceae; Lindera; Pondberry; SPAD-502; Spicebush ID LEAF; NITROGEN; METER; VALUES; LEAVES AB Handheld chlorophyll meters have proven to be useful tools for rapid, nondestructive assessment of chlorophyll and nutrient status in various agricultural and arborescent plant species. We proposed that a SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter would provide valuable information when monitoring life cycle changes and intraspecific variation in endangered plant populations, whereby, destruction of plants to obtain this information is impractical. Further, use of this instrument would augment leaf morphometric measurements collected during controlled studies, circumventing the need for leaf harvest. We developed a regression model relating foliar chlorophyll concentration and content to SPAD chlorophyll content indices for a genetically diverse population of the federally listed Lindera melissifolia. Application of the regression to four additional L. melissifolia populations, and to the ecologically widespread congener L. benzoin, proved the SPAD-502 to be an effective tool. for non-destructive estimation of total foliar chlorophyll concentration (r(2) = 0.8230) and content (r(2) = 0.9029) across a range of plant ages, growing conditions, and genotypes. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Hawkins, Tracy S.; Gardiner, Emile S.; Comer, Greg S.] USDA Forest Serv, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Hawkins, TS (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Box 9681, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM tracyhawkins@fs.fed.us NR 13 TC 24 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1617-1381 J9 J NAT CONSERV JI J. Nat. Conserv. PY 2009 VL 17 IS 2 BP 123 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2008.12.007 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 454LQ UT WOS:000266683900006 ER PT J AU Frihart, CR AF Frihart, Charles R. TI Adhesive Groups and How They Relate to the Durability of Bonded Wood SO JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adhesives; wood bonding; moisture durability; internal stress; groups ID SPRUCE WOOD; CELL-WALLS; MELAMINE; PENETRATION; INTERPHASE; STRESSES AB There is a need to develop models that evaluate the interaction of wood adhesives at the macroscopic level to explain observations on the durability of bonded wood laminate products with changing moisture conditions. This paper emphasizes a model that relates durability to strain on the bondline caused by wood swelling. The effect of this strain is discussed in relation to two groups of adhesives with different chemistry, structure-property and adhesive-wood interaction relationship models. The in situ polymerized adhesive group involves highly cross-linked polymers with a rigid backbone that need to limit the swelling of the wood surface to provide a durable bond. The pre-polymerized adhesive group includes polymers with backbone flexibility and limited cross-linking so that they can thus distribute the swelling strain within the adhesive. These models emphasize the importance of the adhesive-wood interactions and end-use application for establishing the performance criteria. (C) Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2009 C1 Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Frihart, CR (reprint author), Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM cfrihart@fs.fed.us NR 62 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 15 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4243 J9 J ADHES SCI TECHNOL JI J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 23 IS 4 BP 601 EP 617 DI 10.1163/156856108X379137 PG 17 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 435PU UT WOS:000265356600008 ER PT J AU Shapiro, M El Salamouny, S Shepard, BM Jackson, DM AF Shapiro, Martin El Salamouny, Said Shepard, B. Merle Jackson, D. Michael TI Plant Phenolics as Radiation Protectants for the Beet Armyworm (Lepidoptera Noctuidae) Nucleopolyhedrovirus SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plant phenolics; Spodoptera exigua; Insecta ultraviolet radiation; protectants ID NUCLEAR-POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION; LIGNIN-BASED FORMULATIONS; GREEN TEA; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; BLACK TEA; ULTRAVIOLET PROTECTANTS; GALLIC ACID; B RADIATION AB Thirteen phenolics were tested as ultraviolet (UV) protectants for the nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV) of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) After 30 minute exposure to UVB radiation (in the 280 320 nm range), eleven SeMNPV/phenolic combinations provided good to excellent UV protection when used at a concentration of 0 050 M At a concentration of 0 0050 M caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, esculin, gallic acid, and tannic acid still provided good UV protection As the concentration was reduced to 0 0005 M, only caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and gallic acid provided some UV protection C1 [Shapiro, Martin; Shepard, B. Merle] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [El Salamouny, Said] King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Dept Plant Protect, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Jackson, D. Michael] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Shepard, BM (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI MT PLEASANT PA 3517 FLOWERING OAK WAY, MT PLEASANT, SC 29466 USA SN 1523-5475 EI 2153-652X J9 J AGR URBAN ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Urban Entomol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.3954/1523-5475-26.1.1 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 699RI UT WOS:000285680100001 ER PT J AU Irish, BM Crespo, A Goenaga, R Niedz, R Ayala-Silva, T AF Irish, Brian M. Crespo, Arnelis Goenaga, Ricardo Niedz, Randall Ayala-Silva, Tomas TI Ploidy level and genomic composition of Musa spp. accessions at the USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO LA English DT Article DE Musa; ploidy; PCR-RFLP; flow cytometry; characterization ID RIBOSOMAL DNA; PCR-RFLP; B-GENOME; GERMPLASM; DIVERSITY; MARKERS; RAPD AB Plant germplasm collections serve as repositories for important genes. However, insufficient and inaccurate characterization of the genetic diversity in a collection can slow or can prevent full utilization of genetic resources. Bananas and plantains (Musa spp., Colla) are some of the most important food crops in the world. Germplasm characterization efforts in Musa have focused mostly on agronomic and morphological traits although with the advent of molecular markers genotypic characterization efforts are increasing. Genomic composition in Musa is based on a plant's ploidy level and on whether it is of a hybrid origin. Genomic compositions of Musa spp. have been associated with disease and insect resistance, production and flavor characteristics. The Musa spp. collection of the USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station consists of 135 accessions, many of which are of unknown genomic composition. In an effort to better characterize the collection, RAPD and PCR-RFLP markers, as well as flow cytometry, were employed to determine genomic composition and ploidy level. Plant accessions maintained in the collection belong to several Musa species and their hybrids with different ploidy levels. In addition, several differences in ploidy as well as genomic composition were identified when comparing findings in this study to those reported in the literature. C1 [Irish, Brian M.; Crespo, Arnelis; Goenaga, Ricardo] ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Niedz, Randall] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Ayala-Silva, Tomas] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL USA. RP Irish, BM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 Pedro Albizu Campos Ave,Suite 210, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM Brian.Irish@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PI RIO PIEDRAS PA PO BOX 21360, RIO PIEDRAS, PUERTO RICO 00927 USA SN 0041-994X J9 J AGR U PUERTO RICO JI J. Agric. Univ. P. R. PD JAN-APR PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 21 PG 21 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 516AW UT WOS:000271515000001 ER PT J AU de Jensen, CE Wisler, G Harmon, C Vega, B Viteri, D Hernandez, J AF de Jensen, Consuelo Estevez Wisler, Gail Harmon, Carrie Vega, Byron Viteri, Diego Hernandez, Jose TI MONITORING PHAKOPSORA RUST IN PUERTO RICO SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO LA English DT Article ID SOYBEAN RUST; PACHYRHIZI; TEMPERATURE; HOSTS C1 [de Jensen, Consuelo Estevez; Vega, Byron; Viteri, Diego] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Wisler, Gail; Harmon, Carrie] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, So Plant Diagnost Network, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hernandez, Jose] USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP de Jensen, CE (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 FU TSTAR-CSREES [2005-34135-16283]; USDA Prime [2006-0457-37 (2005-48642-03345)] FX The authors acknowledge the input of Dr. Douglas Luster (USDA/ARS), Dr. Phil Harmon (University of Florida) and Dr. Mary Palm (USDA/APHIS). Funding for this project was provided by TSTAR-CSREES award #2005-34135-16283 and USDA Prime award: 2006-0457-37 (2005-48642-03345). NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PI RIO PIEDRAS PA PO BOX 21360, RIO PIEDRAS, PUERTO RICO 00927 USA SN 0041-994X J9 J AGR U PUERTO RICO JI J. Agric. Univ. P. R. PD JAN-APR PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 137 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 516AW UT WOS:000271515000010 ER PT J AU Allan, MF Kuehn, LA Cushman, RA Snelling, WM Echternkamp, SE Thallman, RM AF Allan, M. F. Kuehn, L. A. Cushman, R. A. Snelling, W. M. Echternkamp, S. E. Thallman, R. M. TI Confirmation of quantitative trait loci using a low-density single nucleotide polymorphism map for twinning and ovulation rate on bovine chromosome 5(1,2) SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE GenoProb; multiple-trait derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood; single nucleotide polymorphism; twinning ID GENOTYPE PROBABILITIES; EFFICIENT COMPUTATION; IMPRINTED GENES; MEAT QUALITY; BEEF-CATTLE; POPULATION; GENOME; ASSOCIATION; GROWTH; TENDERNESS AB Traditional genetic selection in cattle for traits with low heritability, such as reproduction, has had very little success. With the addition of DNA technologies to the genetic selection toolbox for livestock, the opportunity may exist to improve reproductive efficiency more rapidly in cattle. The US Meat Animal Research Center Production Efficiency Population has 9,186 twinning and 29,571 ovulation rate records for multiple generations of animals, but a significant number of these animals do not have tissue samples available for DNA genotyping. The objectives of this study were to confirm QTL for twinning and ovulation rate previously found on BTA5 and to evaluate the ability of GenoProb to predict genotypic information in a pedigree containing 16,035 animals when using genotypes for 24 SNP from 3 data sets containing 48, 724, or 2,900 animals. Marker data for 21 microsatellites on BTA5 with 297 to 3,395 animals per marker were used in conjunction with each data set of genotyped animals. Genotypic probabilities for females were used to calculate independent variables for regressions of additive, dominance, and imprinting effects. Genotypic regressions were fitted as fixed effects in a 2-trait mixed model analysis by using multiple-trait derivative-free REML. Each SNP was analyzed individually, followed by backward selection fitting all individually significant SNP simultaneously and then removing the least significant SNP until only significant SNP were left. Five significant SNP associations were detected for twinning rate and 3 were detected for ovulation rate. Two of these SNP, 1 for each trait, were significant for imprinting. Additional modeling of paternal and maternal allelic effects confirmed the initial results of imprinting done by contrasting heterozygotes. These results are supported by comparative mapping of mouse and human imprinted genes to this region of bovine chromosome 5. C1 [Allan, M. F.; Kuehn, L. A.; Cushman, R. A.; Snelling, W. M.; Echternkamp, S. E.; Thallman, R. M.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Kuehn, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Larry.Kuehn@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 87 IS 1 BP 46 EP 56 DI 10.2527/jas.2008-0959 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 393RA UT WOS:000262389200006 PM 18791147 ER PT J AU King, DA Wheeler, TL Shackelford, SD Koohmaraie, M AF King, D. A. Wheeler, T. L. Shackelford, S. D. Koohmaraie, M. TI Comparison of palatability characteristics of beef gluteus medius and triceps brachii muscles SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gluteus medius; postmortem proteolysis; sarcomere length; tenderness; triceps brachii ID USDA QUALITY GRADE; SARCOMERE-LENGTH; CUSTOMER SATISFACTION; SHEAR FORCE; COOKING CHARACTERISTICS; MAJOR MUSCLES; TENDERNESS; STEAKS; LONGISSIMUS; PROTEOLYSIS AB The objective of this experiment was to evaluate triceps brachii steaks as a substitute for gluteus medius steaks in foodservice and retail applications, including the effect of aging time and USDA quality grade on the palatability of both muscles. Top sirloin butts (n = 600) and shoulder clod arm roasts (n = 600) representing US Choice and US Select quality grades were selected at 48 h postmortem and aged for 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, or 42 d. Steaks were evaluated using a trained sensory panel, slice shear force, sarcomere length, and Western blotting of desmin measurements. Sarcomere length was measured only on steaks at 14 and 42 d. Triceps brachii and gluteus medius steaks were similar in tenderness rating at 7 and 14 d, but triceps brachii steaks aged longer were more tender (P < 0.05) than were gluteus medius steaks. Triceps brachii steaks reached ultimate tenderness values by 21 d. Gluteus medius steak tenderness ratings improved through 35 d, and at 42 d were similar to those given to triceps brachii steaks at 21 d. Sarcomere lengths were longer (P < 0.05) in triceps brachii than in gluteus medius (2.09 and 1.58 mu m, respectively). Significant increases in desmin degradation were detected through 42 d in both muscles (30.9, 46.3, 50.6, 51.0, 57.6, and 64.1% at d 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 for gluteus medius and 28.9, 40.8, 49.3, 59.2, 61.8, and 71.9% at d 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 for triceps brachii). At 14 d, gluteus medius had more (P < 0.05) desmin degraded than triceps brachii, but by 28 d, desmin degradation was greater (P < 0.05) in triceps brachii. Quality grade had minimal effects on palatability traits. Desmin degradation contributed to gluteus medius tenderness variation (r = 0.36) across all aging times, but not at individual aging times. Sarcomere length contributed to variation in slice shear force values of gluteus medius at 14 and 42 d (r = -0.59 and -0.48, respectively). Sarcomere length contributed to triceps brachii tenderness variation at 14 d, but not 42 d (r = 0.44 and -0.12, respectively). Desmin degradation was strongly correlated (r = 0.55) to triceps brachii tenderness ratings pooled across aging times but not at individual aging times. These data indicate that triceps brachii steaks could provide the same or improved palatability as gluteus medius steaks at the same or slightly shorter aging times. C1 [King, D. A.; Wheeler, T. L.; Shackelford, S. D.; Koohmaraie, M.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP King, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM andy.king@ars.usda.gov RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 FU The Beef Checkoff FX This project was funded, in part, by The Beef Checkoff. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 87 IS 1 BP 275 EP 284 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0809 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 393RA UT WOS:000262389200029 PM 18791153 ER PT J AU Poletto, R Rostagno, MH Richert, BT Marchant-Forde, JN AF Poletto, R. Rostagno, M. H. Richert, B. T. Marchant-Forde, J. N. TI Effects of a "step-up" ractopamine feeding program, sex, and social rank on growth performance, hoof lesions, and Enterobacteriaceae shedding in finishing pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Enterobacteriaceae; hoof soundness; performance; ractopamine; social rank; swine ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS; SWINE; SALMONELLA; NOREPINEPHRINE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; HYDROCHLORIDE; GENOTYPE; BEHAVIOR; IMPACT AB Increasing concern for animal well-being and food safety has stimulated the investigation of feed additives such as ractopamine (RAC), a beta-agonist widely used to improve production performance of finishing pigs. The objective of this study was to determine effects of RAC feeding, delivered as a "step-up" program (5 mg/kg for 2 wk followed by 10 mg/kg for 2 wk), on growth performance, Enterobacteriaceae shedding, including Salmonella, and hoof lesions, also taking into account sex and social rank of pigs. A total of 64 barrows and gilts (balanced by treatment and sex) were assigned to pens of 4 (by sex) as either control (CTL) or RAC treatment. Social ranks (dominant, intermediate, and subordinate) of pigs in each pen were determined by behavioral observation during 48 h post-mixing. Fecal samples were collected once per week for 5 wk. At slaughter, the 32 dominant and subordinate barrows and gilts (16/sex) were examined for hoof lesions, and luminal contents from ileum, cecum, and rectum were collected. Pigs fed RAC had increased growth performance (P < 0.05) with social rank of animals affecting overall ADG (P < 0.05). Gilts gained more backfat than barrows when comparing to baseline values at both 10th and last ribs (P < 0.05), whereas loin eye area increased at a similar rate for both barrows and gilts (P > 0.10). No significant effect of RAC feeding was found on backfat or loin eye area (P > 0.10). At slaughter, RAC-fed pigs had greater BW (P < 0.05). Despite the positive effects of RAC feeding on growth performance, pigs fed the compound had a greater frequency of front and rear hoof lesions as did barrows and dominant individuals (P < 0.05). Detectable concentrations of Salmonella shedding were not identified at any time during the experiment. Enterobacteriaceae shedding concentrations from RAC-fed pigs peaked at the first week of feeding and progressively decreased until slaughter. At slaughter, rectal and cecal Enterobacteriaceae concentrations were less in RAC-fed pigs than in CTL pigs (P < 0.05). Social rank tended to affect gut Enterobacteriaceae populations of barrows more than in gilts (P < 0.10). The effects of RAC feeding on hoof soundness and Enterobacteriaceae populations in the gastrointestinal tract of finishing pigs warrant further investigation. It is also proposed that the integration of the social rank status of the individual into future studies should be considered, because it may affect treatment responses. C1 [Poletto, R.; Rostagno, M. H.; Marchant-Forde, J. N.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Poletto, R.; Richert, B. T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Marchant-Forde, JN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Jeremy.Marchant-Forde@ars.usda.gov RI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/A-7616-2009 OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914 NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 87 IS 1 BP 304 EP 313 DI 10.2527/jas.2008-1188 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 393RA UT WOS:000262389200032 PM 18765847 ER PT J AU Aiken, GE Klotz, JL Kirch, BH Strickland, JR Boykin, DL AF Aiken, G. E. Klotz, J. L. Kirch, B. H. Strickland, J. R. Boykin, D. L. TI Technical note: Comparison between two tracing methods with ultrasonography to determine lumen area of the caudal artery in beef cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE artery area; caudal artery; Doppler ultrasonography; ergot alkaloid ID DOPPLER ULTRASOUND; CAROTID-ARTERY; TALL FESCUE; FLOW; DOGS AB Two experiments were conducted to compare variation between 2 tracing methods in measuring cross-sectional lumen area of the caudal artery in 5 beef heifers on 3 different dates (Exp. 1) and to compare tracing methods in detecting changes in artery lumen area after 5 heifers were switched from a diet containing nonendophyte-infected tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort] seed to one containing endophyte-infected tall fescue seed (Exp. 2). Lumen area determined by tracing the Doppler flow signal was 25% less than that determined by tracing the intima of the connective tissue, but there was no difference (P = 0.90) in the variation of measures between the 2 methods in Exp. 1. Declines in lumen area were detected at the same level of significance (P < 0.01) for both tracing methods after cattle in Exp. 2 were switched from noninfected to infected tall fescue diets. Variation in lumen areas was different between noninfected and infected diets with tracing the Doppler flow signal (P < 0.05) or the intima of the connective tissue (P < 0.01). Results indicated that lumen area of the caudal artery can be measured with similar precision by tracing the intima of the connective tissue in the artery wall or the outer boundary of the Doppler flow signal. C1 [Aiken, G. E.; Klotz, J. L.; Kirch, B. H.; Strickland, J. R.] Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Boykin, D. L.] USDA ARS, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Aiken, GE (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, N220 Ag Sci N, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM glen.aiken@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 87 IS 1 BP 371 EP 374 DI 10.2527/jas.2008-1087 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 393RA UT WOS:000262389200039 PM 18791143 ER PT J AU Oliver, SP Patel, DA Callaway, TR Torrence, ME AF Oliver, S. P. Patel, D. A. Callaway, T. R. Torrence, M. E. TI ASAS Centennial Paper: Developments and future outlook for preharvest food safety SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Campylobacter jejuni; Escherichia coli O157:H7; foodborne pathogen control; Listeria monocytogenes; preharvest food safety; preharvest food safety research ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI COLONIZATION; EXPERIMENTAL CHLORATE PRODUCT; HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; BEEF FEEDLOT CATTLE; BULK TANK MILK; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; UNITED-STATES; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES AB The last century of food animal agriculture is a remarkable triumph of scientific research. Knowledge derived through research has resulted in the development and use of new technologies that have increased the efficiency of food production and created a huge animal production and food manufacturing industry capable of feeding the US population while also providing significant quantities of high-quality food for export to other countries. Although the US food supply is among the safest in the world, the US Center for Disease Prevention and Control estimates that 76 million people get sick, more than 300,000 are hospitalized, and 5,000 die each year from foodborne illness. Consequently, preventing foodborne illness and death remains a major public health concern. Challenges to providing a safe, abundant, and nutritious food supply are complex because all aspects of food production, from farm to fork, must be considered. Given the national and international demand and expectations for food safety as well as the formidable challenges of producing and maintaining a safe food supply, food safety research and educational programs have taken on a new urgency. Remarkable progress has been made during the last century. Wisdom from a century of animal agriculture research now includes the realization that on-farm pathogens are intricately associated with animal health and well-being, the production of high-quality food, and profitability. In this review, some of the developments that have occurred over the last few decades are summarized, including types, sources, and concentrations of disease-causing pathogens encountered in food-producing animal environments and their association with food safety; current and future methods to control or reduce foodborne pathogens on the farm; and present and future preharvest food safety research directions. Future scientific breakthroughs will no doubt have a profound impact on animal agriculture and the production of high-quality food, but we will also be faced with moral, ethical, and societal dilemmas that must be reconciled. A strong, science-based approach that addresses all the complex issues involved in continuing to improve food safety and public health is necessary to prevent foodborne illnesses. Not only must research be conducted to solve complex food safety issues, but results of that research must also be communicated effectively to producers and consumers. C1 [Oliver, S. P.; Patel, D. A.] Univ Tennessee, Food Safety Ctr Excellence, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Oliver, S. P.; Patel, D. A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Callaway, T. R.] USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Torrence, M. E.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Oliver, SP (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Food Safety Ctr Excellence, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM soliver@utk.edu NR 182 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 87 IS 1 BP 419 EP 437 DI 10.2527/jas.2008-2008-1151 PG 19 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 393RA UT WOS:000262389200044 PM 18708597 ER PT J AU Rouquette, FM Redmon, LA Aiken, GE Hill, GM Sollenberger, LE Andrae, J AF Rouquette, F. M., Jr. Redmon, L. A. Aiken, G. E. Hill, G. M. Sollenberger, L. E. Andrae, J. TI ASAS Centennial Paper: Future needs of research and extension in forage utilization SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Extension; forage; pasture; production; research; utilization AB Forage-animal production agriculture is implementing infrastructure changes and management strategies to adjust to increased energy-related costs of fuel, feed grains, fertilizers, and seeds. The primary objectives of this position paper are to assess future research and extension scientific needs in forage utilization, financial support for the discipline, and changing status and number of scientists. A survey questionnaire returned from 25 land-grant universities in the eastern half of the United States rated the top 4 research needs as 1) pasture systems and efficiency of production; 2) interfacing with energy concerns; 3) forage cultivar evaluations and persistence; and 4) environment impacts. Plant-animal future research needs at 11 USDA-ARS regional locations are targeted at sustainable management and improved livestock performance, ecophysiology and ecology of grasslands, environment impacts, and improved technologies for nutritive value assessments. Extension scientists from 17 southern and northeastern states listed the top 3 needs as forage persistence, soil fertility and nutrient management, and pasture systems and efficiency of production. Grant funds currently provide more than 40% of land-grant university research and extension efforts in forage utilization, and scientists estimate that this support base will increase to 55 to 60% of the funding total by 2013. Reduced allocation of state and federal funding has contributed to a reduction in the number of full-time equivalent (FTE) scientists engaged in forage utilization research and extension activities. The current 25 state FTE conducting research number about 2.8 per state. This includes 10 states with > 3, 11 states with < 2, and 3 states with < 1 FTE. Increased interest in cellulosic energy, climate change, and environmental impact may offer new opportunities for these FTE to participate in integrated cross-discipline research Extension programming, and technology transfer methods will change to accommodate reduced funding but with increasing numbers of novice, recreation-oriented landowners. C1 [Rouquette, F. M., Jr.] Texas A& M Syst, Texas AgriLife Res, Overton, TX 75684 USA. [Redmon, L. A.] Texas A& M Syst, Texas AgriLife Extens, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Aiken, G. E.] USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Hill, G. M.] Univ Georgia, Anim & Dairy Sci Dept, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Sollenberger, L. E.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Andrae, J.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Rouquette, FM (reprint author), Texas A& M Syst, Texas AgriLife Res, Overton, TX 75684 USA. EM m-rouquette@tamu.edu NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 87 IS 1 BP 438 EP 446 DI 10.2527/jas.2008-1273 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 393RA UT WOS:000262389200045 PM 18820155 ER PT J AU Hall, MB AF Hall, Mary B. TI Determination of Starch, Including Maltooligosaccharides, in Animal Feeds: Comparison of Methods and a Method Recommended for AOAC Collaborative Study SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB Starch is a nutritionally important carbohydrate in feeds that is increasingly measured and used for formulation of animal diets. Discontinued production of the enzyme Rhozyme-S required for AOAC Method 920.40 invalidated this method for starch in animal feeds. The objective of this study was to compare methods for the determination of starch as potential candidates as a replacement method and for an AOAC collaborative study. Many starch methods are available, but they vary in accuracy, replicability, and ease of use. After assays were evaluated that differed in gelatinization method, number of reagents, and sample handling, and after assays with known methodological defects were excluded, 3 enzymatic-colorimetric assays were selected for comparison. The assays all used 2-stage, heat-stable, alpha-amylase and amyloglucosidase hydrolyses, but they differed in the gelatinization solution (heating in water, 3-(N-morpholino) propanesulfonic acid buffer, or acetate buffer). The measured values included both starch and maltooligosaccharides. The acetate buffer-only method was performed in sealable vessels with dilution by weight; it gave greater starch values (2-6 percentage units of sample dry matter) in the analysis of feed/food substrates than did the other methods. This method is a viable candidate for a collaborative study. C1 ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53560 USA. RP Hall, MB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53560 USA. EM marybeth.hall@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 94 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 15 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 92 IS 1 BP 42 EP 49 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 418DJ UT WOS:000264127100010 PM 19382561 ER PT J AU Hall, MB Keuler, NS AF Hall, Mary B. Keuler, Nicholas S. TI Factors Affecting Accuracy and Time Requirements of a Glucose Oxidase-Peroxidase Assay for Determination of Glucose SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID STARCH AB Accurate and rapid assays for glucose are desirable for analysis of glucose and starch in food and feedstuffs. An established colorimetric glucose oxidase-peroxidase method for glucose was modified to reduce analysis time and evaluated for factors that affected accuracy. Time required to perform the assay was reduced by approximately 40% by decreasing incubation time and removing steps that do not affect absorbance. Although linear regressions of absorbance and glucose concentrations of standard solutions exceeded R(2) of 0.9997, evaluation of sum of squared residuals, root mean squared error, and significance of the quadratic term indicated that the curves were approximately quadratic in form. Inadequate equilibration of glucose anomers did not appear to be the issue. Historic data suggest that the standard curve is inherently nonlinear. Quadratic curves predicted standard solution glucose concentrations more accurately than did linear forms; overestimations at the midpoint of the curve averaged 0.04, 0.48, and 0.92% for quadratic and linear equations calculated from 5 standard solutions and a linear equation calculated from the 0 and most concentrated standard solution, respectively. A hydrophilic antioxidant at levels no greater than 10 mu mol ascorbic acid/0.10 g air-dried sample did not affect absorbance values. C1 [Hall, Mary B.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Keuler, Nicholas S.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hall, MB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM marybeth.hall@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 92 IS 1 BP 50 EP 60 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 418DJ UT WOS:000264127100011 PM 19382562 ER PT J AU Harbo, JR Harris, JW AF Harbo, John R. Harris, Jeffrey W. TI Responses to Varroa by honey bees with different levels of Varroa Sensitive Hygiene SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; Varroa destructor; SMR; VSH; hygienic behaviour; parasitic mites; honey bee; resistance ID APIS-MELLIFERA; BROOD CELLS; CHALKBROOD DISEASE; AMERICAN FOULBROOD; DESTRUCTOR MITES; UNITED-STATES; BEHAVIOR; RESISTANCE; JACOBSONI; HYMENOPTERA AB Mite resistance that we had earlier called suppression of mite reproduction (SMR) is a form of hygienic behaviour that we have named Varroa Sensitive Hygiene (VSH). With VSH, adult worker bees (Apis mellifera) disrupt the reproduction of parasitic mites ( Varroa destructor) by removing mite infested bee pupae from their cells. This study determines which brood cells are targeted by bees with VSH and which are not, and describes the relationship between brood removal and the sudden prevalence of sterile mites. We produced 26 colonies with different levels of VSH by backcrossing 14 queens from a high line, H (100% expression of VSH), and 12 queens from a low line, L (no VSH), to drones produced by an HL (high x low) queen. Because each of the 26 queens was mated to one drone, the resulting colonies were expected to represent the complete range of variability (0 to 100% of the alleles for VSH). To estimate brood removal, we measured mite populations in capped worker brood that was 0 - 3 days postcapping and again 7 days later when the cohort was aged 7 - 10 days postcapping. We correlated removal of mite-infested brood with the relative presence (at 7 - 10 days postcapping) of three classes of foundress mites: (1) viable: those with at least one daughter that could mature before emergence of the host bee; (2) nonviable: those with progeny but with no daughters that could reach maturity; and (3) no eggs: those with dead or nonovipositing foundress mites. As the rate of removal increased, both classes 1 and 2 showed significant declines, whereas class 3 was unchanged. Therefore, oviposition of the mite or something associated with mite oviposition provides the stimulus for bees with the VSH trait to remove mite infested pupae. C1 [Harbo, John R.; Harris, Jeffrey W.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Harris, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. EM Jeffrey.Harris@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 31 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 6 U2 25 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2009 VL 48 IS 3 BP 156 EP 161 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.48.3.02 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 468VJ UT WOS:000267851900002 ER PT J AU Villa, JD Danka, RG Harris, JW AF Villa, Jose D. Danka, Robert G. Harris, Jeffrey W. TI Simplified methods of evaluating colonies for levels of Varroa Sensitive Hygiene (VSH) SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE VSH; Varroa Sensitive Hygiene; hygienic behaviour; Apis mellifera; Varroa destructor ID HONEY-BEES HYMENOPTERA; MELLIFERA L COLONIES; APIS-MELLIFERA; JACOBSONI OUDEMANS; POPULATION-GROWTH; MITE REPRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; DESTRUCTOR; RESISTANCE; BEHAVIOR AB Varroa Sensitive Hygiene (VSH) is a trait of honey bees, Apis mellifera, that supports resistance to Varroa destructor mites. Components of VSH were evaluated to identify simple methods for selection of the trait. Mite population growth was measured in colonies with variable levels of VSH in two field trials using 24 and 16 colonies. Mite population growth was significantly lower in VSH and hybrid colonies than in control (i.e., unselected) colonies. In resident brood with mite infestations below 5%, the percentage of uncapped pupal cells did not differ significantly among VSH, hybrid and control colonies, but the percentage of recapped cells was highest in VSH colonies (P = 0.03). When brood from more highly infested colonies (9-49% of pupae infested) was introduced for forty hours, VSH colonies reduced infestation more than control colonies (P < 0.01) but final mite fertility was similar (P = 0.12). When infested brood was exposed in colonies for one week, VSH colonies reduced both mite fertility (P = 0.05) and mite infestation (P = 0.02). When highly infested brood was exposed to a subset of colonies for two hours, control colonies uncapped no or few cells while uncapping in VSH colonies was variable but on average was much higher. Mite population growth in individual colonies was negatively correlated with reduced infestation after forty hours of brood exposure and with reduced mite fertility after one week. The simpler and shorter-term measures (relative to measuring mite population growth) of uncapping, recapping, and reductions in infestation and mite fertility may facilitate selection of VSH by more bee breeders. C1 [Villa, Jose D.; Danka, Robert G.; Harris, Jeffrey W.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Villa, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. EM jose.villa@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 15 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2009 VL 48 IS 3 BP 162 EP 167 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.48.3.03 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 468VJ UT WOS:000267851900003 ER PT J AU Meikle, WG Mercadier, G Annas, F Holst, N AF Meikle, W. G. Mercadier, G. Annas, F. Holst, N. TI Effects of multiple applications of a Beauveria based biopesticide on Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) densities in honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE Apis mellifera; Varroa destructor; Beauveria bassiana; hive treatment; biological control ID BASSIANA DEUTEROMYCOTA; MITES ACARI C1 [Meikle, W. G.; Mercadier, G.] USDA ARS, European Biol Control Lab, F-34988 St Gely Du Fesc, France. [Annas, F.] ADAPRO LR CRALR, F-34875 Lattes, France. [Holst, N.] Danish Inst Agr Sci, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark. RP Meikle, WG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM William.Meikle@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2009 VL 48 IS 3 BP 220 EP 222 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.48.3.13 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 468VJ UT WOS:000267851900013 ER PT J AU Sammataro, D Finley, J LeBlancz, B Wardell, G Ahumada-Segura, F Carroll, MJ AF Sammataro, Diana Finley, Jennifer LeBlancz, Blaise Wardell, Gordon Ahumada-Segura, Fabiana Carroll, Mark J. TI Feeding essential oils and 2-heptanone in sugar syrup and liquid protein diets to honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) as potential Varroa mite (Varroa destructor) controls SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE essential oils; honey bee larvae; liquid protein diet; SPME; Varroa destructor ID JACOBSONI ACARI; COLONY LOSSES; RESISTANCE; FLUVALINATE; HYMENOPTERA; RESIDUES; APIDAE; OUD. AB Essential oils were fed to honey bees to determine whether the components were absorbed into bee larvae. The oils were added in either sucrose syrup (origanum and 2-heptanone) or in a liquid protein diet (origanum oil, cinnamon oil, thymol, and 2-heptanone), because sugar and protein sources are differentially utilized in food fed to larvae of different ages. The volatiles emitted by isolated larvae from oil-supplemented colonies were sampled at three different ages (Day 4, Day 6 and Day 9) by Solid Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME) and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The only oil volatiles recovered in larvae were the origanum oil components carvacrol and thymol; neither 2-heptanone nor the cinnamon oil components were detected in any larvae. For larvae from colonies fed oil-supplemented sugar syrup, carvacrol volatiles were emitted at higher amounts in younger larvae (Day 4) than in older larvae (Day 9). In contrast, carvacrol and thymol volatiles were detected only in older larvae (Day 6 and Day 9) in colonies reared on oil-supplemented liquid protein diet. Carvacrol was also detected in the cocoons of Day 9 larvae from colonies fed oil-supplemented liquid protein diet, but not oil-supplemented sugar syrup diet. We believe that the age-related differences in oil incorporation by bee larvae reflect the relative importance of supplemental sugars and protein as food sources for bee larvae of these ages. Supplementation in a liquid protein diet represents a more efficacious route for the incorporation of origanum oils in fifth instar bee larvae targeted for invasion by Varroa destructor mites. C1 [Sammataro, Diana; Finley, Jennifer] ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [LeBlancz, Blaise] Pima Community Coll, Tucson, AZ 85709 USA. [Ahumada-Segura, Fabiana] SAFE R&D LLC, Tucson, AZ USA. [Carroll, Mark J.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Sammataro, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM Diana.Sammataro@ARS.USDA.GOV FU Almond Board of California FX Dr. J. Hooper of PIMA Research, LLC was extremely helpful in conducting and running the GC/MS, for clarifying the protocols and giving helpful comments for this manuscript. The referees also added many useful comments to this manuscript. This work was partially funded by the Almond Board of California NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 19 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2009 VL 48 IS 4 BP 256 EP 262 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.48.4.05 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 504YY UT WOS:000270655600005 ER PT J AU Eyer, M Chen, YP Schafer, MO Pettis, JS Neumann, P AF Eyer, Michael Chen, Yan Ping Schaefer, Marc O. Pettis, Jeff S. Neumann, Peter TI Honey bee sacbrood virus infects adult small hive beetles, Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Honey bee; pollen; bee bread; pollen substitute; pollen supplement C1 [Eyer, Michael; Schaefer, Marc O.; Neumann, Peter] Agroscope Liebefeld Posieux Res Stn ALP, Swiss Bee Res Ctr, CH-3003 Bern, Switzerland. [Chen, Yan Ping; Pettis, Jeff S.] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Schaefer, Marc O.] Chem & Vet Untersuchungsamt Freiburg CVUA, Fachgebiet Bienen, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany. [Neumann, Peter] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Neumann, Peter] Yunnan Agr Univ, Eastern Bee Res Inst, Kunming, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. RP Neumann, P (reprint author), Agroscope Liebefeld Posieux Res Stn ALP, Swiss Bee Res Ctr, CH-3003 Bern, Switzerland. EM peter.neumann@alp.admin.ch NR 5 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 11 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2009 VL 48 IS 4 BP 296 EP 297 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.48.4.11 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 504YY UT WOS:000270655600011 ER PT J AU Evans, JD Chen, YP Di Prisco, G Pettis, J Williams, V AF Evans, Jay D. Chen, Yan Ping Di Prisco, Gennaro Pettis, Jeffery Williams, Virginia TI Bee cups: single-use cages for honey bee experiments SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; Varroa destructor; virus; Colony Collapse Disorder; pesticide; rearing cages C1 [Evans, Jay D.; Chen, Yan Ping; Pettis, Jeffery; Williams, Virginia] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Di Prisco, Gennaro] Univ Naples Federico 2, Dept Entomol Zool Agr Filippo Silvestri, Naples, Italy. RP Evans, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jay.evans@ars.usda.gov RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 FU Italian Ministry for Agriculture and Forestry Policies FX We thank Randy Oliver, Stephen Pernal, and Takao Iwasa for comments, and the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign and Florida Department of Agriculture for research support. GdP was supported by the APENET Project, Italian Ministry for Agriculture and Forestry Policies. NR 5 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 23 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2009 VL 48 IS 4 BP 300 EP 302 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.48.4.13 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 504YY UT WOS:000270655600013 ER PT J AU Rice, WC AF Rice, W. C. TI STEC Center, a reference center to facilitate the study of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amplicon length polymorphism; cluster analysis; E; coli O157; microbial typing; molecular typing; rep-PCR ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; ANTIGEN GENE-CLUSTER; HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS; O157-H7 INFECTION; MULTIPLEX PCR; STRAINS; IDENTIFICATION; HUMANS; ASSAY AB To develop methods to differentiate Escherichia coli O157:H7 and related serotypes by the use of amplicon length polymorphism (ALP) analysis based on identifying DNA sequence deletions within highly homologous regions of three sequenced E. coli strains. Potential primer locations along the ancestral genomic backbone were identified and evaluated against three sequenced genomes and then applied to a reference set of pathogenic E. coli strains. All 16 primer combinations generated the expected diagnostic fragments as predicted for the E. coli K12 MG1655, O157:H7 EDL933, and O157:H7B Sakai genomes. This study defines a collection of primers distributed along the length of the E. coli genome that were applied to ALP analysis methods to successfully differentiate between serotypes of E. coli O157:H7 and other E. coli serotypes. ALP-PCR analysis method was validated as an independent method of classification when compared with that of rep-PCR. The principles underlying ALP analysis can be readily applied for the detection and differentiation of other closely related microbial species because of the abundance of complete DNA sequence data for a large number of microbial genomes. C1 ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Rice, WC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10,2300 Expt Stn Rd, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM William.Rice@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 106 IS 1 BP 149 EP 160 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03987.x PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 394UK UT WOS:000262475600016 PM 19120620 ER PT J AU Wang, WT Qu, JJ Hao, XJ Liu, YQ AF Wang, Wanting Qu, John J. Hao, Xianjun Liu, Yongqiang TI Analysis of the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer contextual algorithm for small fire detection SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE algorithm; MODIS; regional fire detection; small fire ID MODIS AB In the southeastern United States, most wildland fires are of low intensity. A substantial number of these fires cannot be detected by the MODIS contextual algorithm. To improve the accuracy of fire detection for this region, the remote-sensed characteristics of these fires have to be systematically analyzed. Using an adjusted algorithm, this study collected a database including 6596 remote-sensed fire pixels in 72 MODIS granules, of which 3809 fire pixels are missed by the MODIS contextual algorithm. The statistical distributions of the sensor-observed fire reflectance and brightness temperature at relevant spectral channels are analyzed. The study explains the reasons that the detection of low intensity fires by the MODIS contextual algorithm is significantly influenced by view angles, especially when view angles are greater than 40 degrees. This paper discusses and suggests several aspects which could improve regional detection of low intensity fires. The results indicate that 1) the R(2) threshold R(2) < 0.3 is still valid for detecting low intensity fires omitted by the MODIS contextual algorithm; 2) the threshold T(4) > 310 K is too high, and a lower threshold of T(4) > 293 K should be adopted instead; 3) the threshold Delta T > 10 K is also too high, and both algorithms that use it risk omitting small fires because of this threshold. C1 [Wang, Wanting; Qu, John J.; Hao, Xianjun] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, EastFIRE Lab, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Liu, Yongqiang] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Wang, WT (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, EastFIRE Lab, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM wwang@gmu.edu; yliu@fs.fed.us RI Hao, Xianjun/F-7253-2016; Hao, Xianjun/C-9543-2011 OI Hao, Xianjun/0000-0002-8186-6839; Hao, Xianjun/0000-0002-8186-6839 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 3 AR 031502 DI 10.1117/1.3078426 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 520VY UT WOS:000271878800003 ER EF